Title: TheEconomist_1W6-1W8

Word: infrequently
Front: infrequently
[ɪn'fri:kwəntlɪ] (14337/14159)
Back: adv. 稀少地，珍贵地
分布：稀少的(50%)，罕见地(50%)
ADJ-GRADED
不频发的;很少发生的;罕见的
If something is infrequent, it does not happen often.
例：...John's infrequent visits to London.约翰仅有的几次伦敦之行

Word: individuality
Front: individuality
[ˌɪndɪˌvɪdʒuˈæləti] (10589/9838 -1)
Vocabulary: individuality
(once / 893 pages)
n
Whether it’s eating breakfast for lunch, learning Celtic step dancing, building birdhouses from popsicle sticks, showing off your shark tattoo, or speaking with an Australian accent on Tuesdays, all of these things can express your individuality, meaning what makes you unique.
Use the noun individuality to refer to the sum total of characteristics that make up a particular individual. Individuality consists of the good, the bad — and even the crazy — that make a person distinct. The word can be describe the state or value of being unique, like the members of a group whose individuality makes for lively discussions, or a having your car painted a special color — neon green, perhaps? — to express the owner's individuality.
WORD FAMILY
individuality: individualities+/ individual: individualise, individualism, individuality, individualize, individually, individuals/individualise: individualisation, individualised, individualises, individualising/ individualism: individualisms, individualist, individualistic / individualist: individualists/ individualistic: individualistically/individualization: individualizations/individualize: individualization, individualized, individualizes, individualizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Beyond supermodels, personalization is popular among varying groups in fashion as an easy and everyday way to add more individuality and flair to one’s style.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Rather than celebrating modesty, it perceives individuality as a threat to the group.
The New Yorker(Dec 18, 2016)
The rigid rules of prison removed any sense of individuality.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 个人; 个性; 个人特征
分布：个性(81%)，个人(15%)，特色(4%)
US [-tˌi] noun uncountable
■the qualities that make a person or thing different from others 个性；特征，特质
• It's a competent essay but it lacks individuality. 这是一篇不错的文章，但缺乏个性。
n. 个性；个人；个人特征；个人的嗜好（通常复数）
 - personality, kidney

Word: interdisciplinary
Front: interdisciplinary
[ˌɪntəˈdɪsəplɪnəri] (宝 9130/13212)
Vocabulary: interdisciplinary
(once / 59997 pages)
adj
Something that's interdisciplinary covers more than one field of study. If you take an interdisciplinary science and literature class, you might read a science fiction novel and then explore the scientific ideas behind it.
The word interdisciplinary can be broken into its parts: inter-, which means "between" in Latin, and disciplinary, which is from the Latin disciplina and means teaching or knowledge. Interdisciplinary means between fields, but they don't have to be unrelated disciplines. You can do interdisciplinary work between two sciences, for example. An interdisciplinary conference on biology and computer science might include workshops on both fields.
WORD FAMILY
disciplinary: disciplinarily, interdisciplinary +/disciplinarian: disciplinarians/ discipline: disciplinarian, disciplinary, disciplined, disciplines, disciplining, indiscipline, self-discipline, undiscipline/ disciplined: self-disciplined, undisciplined/indiscipline: indisciplines
USAGE EXAMPLES
It followed an interdisciplinary approach in proposing solutions to worldwide problems, through science, diplomacy, economics and other fields.
Washington Post(Dec 24, 2016)
Williams will receive the honorary degree during the doctoral hooding ceremony, hosted by the School of Interdisciplinary and Graduate Studies.
Washington Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Four more interdisciplinary centers will be created with the new donation, which together with the CBIC will form the core of the Chen Institute.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 各学科间的; 跨学科
分布：跨学科的(80%)，各学科间的(20%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，discipline,学科。
【记】discipline（n 纪律；学科v 训练）
US [-tˌɚ'dɪs.ə.plɪ.ner-] adjective
■involving two or more different subjects or areas of knowledge 学科间的，跨学科的
• interdisciplinary courses 跨学科课程
• an interdisciplinary approach to the problem 对该问题进行的跨学科研究法

Word: kiel

Word: jurisdictional
Front: jurisdictional
[,dʒʊrɪs'dɪkʃənl] (19161/28536)
Back: adj. 司法的; 司法权的; 审判权的; 管辖权的
分布：管辖权的(43%)，司法权的(36%)，裁决权的(21%)
adj. 管辖权的；司法的；司法权的；裁判权的
 - judicative

Word: invigorate
Front: invigorate
[ɪnˈvɪgəreɪt] (宝 20365/32839 -1)
Vocabulary: invigorate
(once / 1878 pages)
v
Invigorate means to give strength or energy to something or someone. If you're the new cheerleading coach, you can invigorate the team by bringing them your exciting new cheers, and the team’s growing popularity will invigorate them even more.
When you invigorate someone, you inspire, you breathe life into them. One of the best ways to invigorate another person is with your own enthusiasm — when you're animated and energetic, it seems to rub off on others. You might need to invigorate yourself when you first wake up in the morning, with a cup of coffee or a shower to get you going for the day. The word invigorate comes from the Latin in, "toward" and vigorare "make strong."
WORD FAMILY
invigorate: invigorated, invigorates, invigorating, invigoration, invigorator, reinvigorate +/ invigorating: invigoratingly/invigoration: invigorations/invigorator: invigorators/ reinvigorate: reinvigorated, reinvigorates, reinvigorating
USAGE EXAMPLES
Affirmation does not invigorate, it creates a “dopamine high.”
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
Either way, Democrats are in dire straits, fighting a defensive battle against a newly invigorated Republican Party.
Slate(Dec 29, 2016)
David Bowie's death in January was all the more shocking because he sounded so creatively invigorated on Blackstar.
BBC(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: vt. 使生气勃勃，使精力充沛，使健壮
adj. 生气勃勃的，精力充沛的，健壮的
n. 滋补; 鼓舞
时态：invigorated, invigorating, invigorates
分布：鼓舞(61%)，激励(26%)，增添活力(13%)
→in-,进入，使，vigor,活力。
鼓励;使强壮(in进入+vigor+ate→进入活动→鼓励)[vivvitvig=life,表示"生命"]
【记】vigor（n 精力；活力）
【反】pine（v 消瘦；憔悴）－become invigorated（变得有活力）；sap（v 使衰竭）；emaciate（vt 使憔悴）；demoralize（v 士气受挫）－invigorate『ameliorate』debilitate（vt 使衰弱）；enervate（v 削弱）；enfeeble（vt 使衰弱）
US [-ɚ-] verb transitive
■to make someone feel fresher, healthier and more energetic 使精力充沛，使活跃
• We were invigorated by our walk. 散步使我们精神焕发。
vt. 鼓舞；使精力充沛
 - stimulate, lift, spirit, inspire

Word: margarita
Front: margarita
[ˌmɑ:gəˈri:tə] (15897/44104)
Back: n. （由墨西哥龙舌兰酒、酸橙或柠檬汁以及橙味酒混合调制而成的）玛格丽塔酒
分布：玛格丽塔鸡尾酒(100%)
→来自人名Margaret的西班牙语形式。字面意思即请Margarita的酒。
US [-gə'ri:.tˌə] noun countable
■a type of alcoholic drink 曼哈顿鸡尾酒
• A margarita is made with tequila, an orange liqueur and lime or lemon juice. 玛格丽塔鸡尾酒由墨西哥龙舌兰酒、橙味酒和柠檬汁调制而成。

Word: leftism
Front: leftism
[ˈleftizəm] (37574/43455)
Back: n. 左派观点，左倾行为，急进主义
分布：急进主义(64%)，左翼主义(36%)

Word: magma
Front: magma
[ˈmægmə] (托 19802/18015)
Vocabulary: magma
(once / 18526 pages)
n
That red hot liquid rock that spews violently out of erupting volcanoes? That's lava. But before the lava rises to the earth's surface it's called magma.
Although lava and magma are often used interchangeably, technically magma is the name for the hot molten rock (mixed with gases and mineral crystals) that collects in chambers beneath the Earth's crust. Once the magma breaks through the Earth's surface and flows down the volcano, you can call it lava. There are about 1500 active volcanoes on the Earth and at least 80 under the oceans — which add up to a lot of magma and possible lava.
WORD FAMILY
magma: magmas
USAGE EXAMPLES
Then, as gases and magma refill the chamber, it begins to inflate again.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
But at 2,100m, they accidentally hit a shallow reservoir of magma.
BBC(Dec 14, 2016)
The Sentinels will also see their slow developing bulges of magma that may precede eruptions.
BBC(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 岩浆
分布：岩浆(98%)，糊剂(2%)
→来自希腊语magma,油膏，软膏，来自mag,揉，捏，词源同make,massage.引申词义岩浆，因其流动如软膏而得名。
noun uncountable
■hot liquid rock found just below the surface of the Earth 岩浆
n. [地质] 岩浆；糊剂
 - cataplasm

Word: lethargic
Front: lethargic
[lə'θɑ:dʒɪk] (托宝 20701/19340 -1)
Vocabulary: lethargic
(once / 7265 pages)
adj
When you feel lethargic, you're sluggish or lacking energy. Being sleepy or hungry can make anyone lethargic.
Being lethargic makes it hard to get anything done: you feel weak and sleepy. Whatever the reason, a lethargic person needs to snap out of it and get some energy, maybe by eating something or by taking a nap. Being lethargic also goes well with watching TV, since that takes almost no energy at all. When you feel lethargic, you don't have any energy to spare.
WORD FAMILY
lethargic: lethargically+/ lethargy: lethargic, lethargies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Driving the GLA, I found the transmission dynamics lethargic in economy mode and over-caffeinated in the sport setting, with no middle ground.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The Badgers were a little lethargic to start and trailed Green Bay 12-11 almost 9 minutes into the game.
Washington Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Playfully apocalyptic, they move in the manner of lethargic atoms.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 昏睡的; 没精打采的，懒洋洋的; 暮气沉沉; 苶
分布：昏睡的(51%)，无生气的(37%)，困倦的(12%)
昏昏欲睡的(leth忘记,来自lethe,神话中的忘川+arg[=erg]+ic→忘了力量→无力)"[erg=energy,work,表示"能量,活动"]
【记】let让，har＝hard，gic：让你辛苦的劳动－昏睡的
【反】animative（adj 使有生气的）
US [-'θɑ:r-] adjective
■having little energy; feeling unwilling and unable to do anything 萎靡不振的，无精打采的；懒散的，倦怠的
• I was feeling tired and lethargic. 我觉得浑身乏力、无精打采。
adj. [动] 昏睡的；无生气的；泠漠的
 - soporose, pulseless

Word: knell
Front: knell
[nel] (托 24362/23222)
Vocabulary: knell
(once / 3791 pages)
nv
A knell is a ringing sound, particularly from a bell tolled to announce a death or the end of something. Which is kind of depressing.
From the Old English cnyll, meaning “sound made by a bell when struck or rung slowly,” comes our modern day knell. It certainly describes the slow, ominous sound of funeral bells, but isn't always used so literally: We often say that a final blow or action that will bring an end to something sounds or signals the death knell. And if you hear a bell knell in your dreams, look out — superstition says that's not a good sign.
WORD FAMILY
knell: knelled, knelling, knells
USAGE EXAMPLES
The loss of habitat is a death knell for magnificent creatures who depend upon these habitats for their very survival.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
Procrastination is not the death knell for holiday travel.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 06, 2016)
Night receptionist is the death knell for a CV: it says key holder, not stakeholder.
The Guardian(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: n. 丧钟声; 某事物结束的象征
v. 〈古〉敲丧钟; 敲丧钟报丧; 敲丧钟，发丧钟声; 发出不吉利的声音
时态：knelled, knelling, knells
分布：丧钟声(56%)，鸣丧钟(22%)，发出哀鸣(11%)，某事物结束的徵兆(11%)
→来自古英语cnyll,缓慢而沉重的钟声，拟声词。引申词义丧钟声。拼写可能受bell影响。
noun
■See death knell .
n. 丧钟声；凶兆；哀伤的声音
 - threat, portentousness

Word: mimicry
Front: mimicry
[ˈmɪmɪkri] (托 22100/21524)
Vocabulary: mimicry
(once / 5102 pages)
n
Mimicry is the art of imitation, which is practiced the world over, from annoying siblings who repeat every word you say, to professional comedians who impersonate famous people onstage.
Mimicry comes from a Greek word for mime: a performer who silently imitates gestures and expressions. Usually mimicry refers to imitation that is meant to make fun of the thing imitated, often in an unkind way. Think of the class clown’s mimicry of your French teacher’s overly precise accent. It entertained the class, but got him sent to the principal’s office.
WORD FAMILY
mimicry: mimicries+/ mime: mimed, mimer, mimes, mimic, miming/ mimic: mimicing, mimicked, mimicker, mimicking, mimicry, mimics/mimicker: mimickers
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Jackie” transcends mimicry to achieve something greater — bringing the first lady’s grief and resolve in the face of unspeakable loss to vivid life.
Salon(Dec 03, 2016)
His ear is often astonishing, his gift for mimicry almost without equal.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Often mimicry like this is trapped in my memory in an endless loop, and in this way my Tourette’s becomes their Tourette’s.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 模仿，模仿的技巧
分布：模仿(100%)
→来自mime,模仿，-ry,名词后缀。
模仿(mimic模仿者)[-ry表名词,通常放在一个完整的单词后面1.表示"状态,性质"2.表示"行业,学科"3.表示集合名词4.表示"场地"]
n. 模仿，模拟；（动物等）拟态伪装
 - simulation, imitation, analog

Word: medallion
Front: medallion
[məˈdæliən] (14796/16062)
Back: n. 大奖章，大勋章; （大奖章形的）圆形图案（饰物）
分布：大奖章(70%)，圆形浮雕(20%)，圆形装饰(10%)
→来自medal,奖牌，-on,大词后缀。后用于指状似大奖牌的项链垂饰。
noun countable
METAL DISC 金属圆片
■a metal disc which is worn for decoration on a chain or string around the neck （装饰用的）大奖牌，大奖章，大纪念章
[mə'dæl.jən] noun countable
MEAT 肉片
■a flat circular piece of meat without bones 无骨圆形肉片
• medallions of pork 一片片圆圆的猪肉片

Word: microbicide

Word: mensal

Word: mf
Front: mf
['em'ef] None
Back: abbr. mezzo forte 中强
分布：中强(100%)

Word: mountaineer
Front: mountaineer
[ˌmaʊntəˈnɪə(r)] (21894/22858)
Vocabulary: mountaineer
(once / 1316 pages)
nv
A mountaineer is a person who climbs or hikes mountains. If you live in Colorado and spend your weekends scaling peaks in the Rockies, you're a mountaineer.
The term mountaineer might seem to imply a serious climber, like Tensing Norgay and Sir Edmund Hillary, the mountaineers who were the first, in 1953, to climb to the summit of Mt. Everest. You can also use this word, however, for a more casual hiker who does a little rock climbing and mountain hiking. In many European countries, the word alpinist is more common.
WORD FAMILY
mountaineer: mountaineering, mountaineers+/ mountain: mountaineer, mountainous, mountains/mountainous: mountainousest, mountainously
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Mountaineers hit 14 of 29 from distance.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Miles Wilson led the Mountaineers with 13 points and Junior Robinson finished with 10.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Texas Tech will open its Big 12 home schedule against the Mountaineers.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: n. 登山者，登山运动员
时态：mountaineered, mountaineering, mountaineers
分布：登山家(70%)，山地人(30%)
登山者(mountain山)[-eer表名词"…人员"]
US [-tən'ɪr] noun countable
■a person who climbs mountains as a sport or job 爬山能手；登山运动员
n. 登山家，登山运动员；山地人
 - alpinist, mountain climber

Word: monied
Front: monied
[ˈmʌnid] (31887/41296)
Back: adj. 有钱的（作定语用）
分布：有钱的(75%)，=moneyed.(25%)
adj. 有钱的；金钱上的
 - moneyed, deep-pocketed

Word: multiverse
Front: multiverse
['mʌltɪvɜ:s] (31703/-)
Back: n. 多元宇宙
分布：多元宇宙(100%)

Word: mukhtar

Word: mudslinging

Word: overjoyed
Front: overjoyed
[ˌəʊvəˈdʒɔɪd] (18676/18687)
Back: adj. 万分高兴的，欣喜若狂的
v. 使大喜( overjoy的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：极度高兴的(64%)，欣喜若狂的(36%)
→over-,超过，过度，joy,高兴，兴奋。
US [ˌoʊ.vɚ-] adjective [after verb]
■extremely pleased and happy 极度高兴的；欣喜若狂的
• We're overjoyed at your news. 听到你的消息，我们非常高兴。
• [+ to infinitive] Helen was overjoyed to hear that she had got the job. 海伦听到自己得到这份工作后欣喜若狂。
• [+ that] I'm overjoyed that you're coming to visit me. 你要来看我，我太高兴了。
adj. 狂喜的；极度高兴的
 - rapturous, enrapt

Word: nostril
Front: nostril
[ˈnɒstrəl] (8649/8980 -1)
Vocabulary: nostril
(once / 651 pages)
n
A nostril is one of the two holes in your nose through which you breathe, smell, and (sometimes) sneeze. Try not to get anything stuck in your nostrils; they're important passageways!
Your nostrils are extremely important, since they provide a direct connection to your lungs — for air — and your olfactory nerves, which your body uses to smell things. You are almost certainly aware of your two external nostrils, but you may not know that you've got two more, inside your head at the very back of the nasal cavity. Most animals have nostrils, even fish — though they use theirs only for smelling, not for breathing. Fittingly, the Old English source of nostril, nosðirl, translates to "the hole of the nose."
WORD FAMILY
nostril: nostrils
USAGE EXAMPLES
I administered diuretics and fitted an oxygen tube to his nostrils.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
Nose scrunched up, nostrils flared, smile playing on her lips.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
The new smell of sweat and old smell of cologne filled my nostrils.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Back: n. 鼻孔; 鼻孔内壁
分布：鼻孔(100%)
→nos,鼻子，-tril,洞，词源同through.
US ['nɑ:.strəl] noun countable
■either of the two openings in the nose through which air moves when you breathe 鼻孔
• The horses came to a halt, steam streaming from their nostrils. 这些马停了下来，鼻孔喷着热气。
n. [解剖] 鼻孔
 - naris, nare

Word: nox

Word: obduracy
Front: obduracy
['ɒbdjərəsɪ] (42918/36410)
Back: n. 冷酷无情，顽固，执拗
分布：顽固(48%)，执拗(34%)，冷酷(18%)
n. 执拗；冷酷；顽固
 - hardness, stiffness

Word: pachinko
Front: pachinko
[pəˈtʃɪŋkəʊ] (39973/-)
Vocabulary: pachinko
(once / 562825 pages)
n
Pachinko is a Japanese arcade game, similar to pinball but without the flippers. If you are in Japan and have a yen for gambling, try pachinko instead of a slot machine.
Pinball aficionados may be familiar with this Japanese loaner, a 20th century word that means a form of pinball popular in Japan. The first part of the word is imitative and is eerily similar to English ka-ching! the –ko on the end is a diminutive suffix. If you need a little color in your life, do an image search on the word.
WORD FAMILY
pachinko
USAGE EXAMPLES
Today, Konami produces few video games and, instead, focuses on Japanese pachinko gambling machines and health spas.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
Japan’s existing forms of gambling include lotteries, pachinko — a kind of pin-ball machine — and wagering on horse, auto, bicycle and power boat racing.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
The pachinko industry earned more than $200 billion in revenue last year, according to the Japan Productivity Center.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 弹球盘（日本一种类似于弹球的赌博游戏）
→来自日语，pachin,拟声词，弹球的声音，-ko,小声后缀。

Word: objector
Front: objector
[əbˈdʒektə(r)] (21475/12784)
Back: n. 反对者
分布：反对者(69%)，提出异议的人(31%)
US [-tɚ] noun countable
■someone who objects to something or someone 反对者；提出异议的人
• 200 objectors were present at the inquiry. 调查时有200名反对者在场。
• a conscientious objector 出于道义而拒服兵役者
n. 反对者；提出异议的人
 - anti, opponent

Word: orb
Front: orb
[ɔ:b] (17485/22667)
Vocabulary: orb
(once / 1427 pages)
nv
An orb is a ball-shaped object. You might be inspired to write a poem about the full moon in which you describe it as "a glowing orb."
The sun, moon, marbles, grapes — all of these have been described (particularly by poets) as orbs. Your round gold earrings, your dog's favorite tennis ball, and a grapefruit before you cut it in half can be called orbs too, because they're all spherical in shape. The Latin source, orbem, means "circle, disk, ring, or hoop," and is probably related to orbita, "wheel track or rut."
WORD FAMILY
orb: orbed, orbing, orbs
USAGE EXAMPLES
In one of the palest, a series of orbs and slices of orbs follows the phases of the moon.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
A cube-shaped, see-through facade that encases the orb serves as a visual hymn to the European Union’s motto, “United in diversity,” Mr. Samyn said.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Small orbs of interlocking greenery were hung over the doors as a sign of welcome and goodwill.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 球，天体，圆形物
v. 弄圆; 成球形; 围着; <古>沿着轨道移动
时态：orbed, orbing, orbs
分布：球(57%)，天体(20%)，轨道(8%)，弄圆(7%)，王权宝球(4%)，成球形(4%)
→来自拉丁语orbis,圈，环，球体。
US [ɔ:rb] literary
noun countable
■something in the shape of a sphere 球体；球状物
• the glowing orb of the sun 火球般的太阳
n. [物] 球； [天] 天体；圆形物
 - ball, circle, round
vt. 成球形；弄圆；围着
 - round

Word: pane
Front: pane
[peɪn] (四六托宝 10912/11995 -1)
Vocabulary: pane
(once / 1124 pages)
1n 2n
A pane is a piece of glass, especially one that fits into a window frame. If you hit your baseball through your neighbors' kitchen window, you'll probably owe them a new pane.
Panes are almost always made of glass, although occasionally they're some other translucent material. Stained-glass windows have colorful panes, and older houses with their original details often have windows made of many small glass panes. The original meaning of pane was "piece of a garment," from the Latin pannum, "piece of cloth." Later, a pane became "a panel of wood," and finally "a panel of glass."
WORD FAMILY
pane: panes
USAGE EXAMPLES
Late that night, once we’d gone to bed, a burglar entered our flat through an open pane above the balcony.
The New Yorker(Nov 22, 2016)
A series of new paintings at Salon 94 is based on photographs of women behind steamed or frosted panes of glass, some beaded with water.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
The glass booth’s supposedly shatterproof panes splintered, cutting her cheek, and Hedren suggests the sequence was part punishment for her rejection of him.
The Guardian(Nov 05, 2016)
Back: n. 窗玻璃; 窗格; 嵌板; 方框
vt. 装窗玻璃于; 镶嵌板于; 用染色小布片拼做（衣服）
分布：窗玻璃(60%)，方格(15%)，方框(15%)，嵌窗玻璃(10%)
→来自拉丁语pannum,一块布，来自pan,布，纺织品。引申词义窗帘，窗玻璃。
noun countable
■a flat piece of glass, used in a window or door （窗或闸上的）一块玻璃
• a window pane 一块窗玻璃
n. 窗格；边；面； [建] 窗格玻璃；嵌板
 - rim, planum

Word: pockmarked
Front: pockmarked
['pɒkmɑ:kt] (26363/46236)
Back: adj. 有痘疮的; 麻
分布：有痘疮的(100%)
US ['pɑ:k.mɑ:rkt] (also pocked)
adjective
■marked with pockmarks 有麻子的，有痘痕的
• a pockmarked face 麻子脸
■describes a surface with a lot of holes or low areas in it 坑坑洞洞的
• The houses in the village were pockmarked with bullet holes. 村里的房子布满弹孔。

Word: palatinate
Front: palatinate
[pəˈlætɪnət] (-/41139)
Back: n. 巴拉丁伯爵的职位，领地，巴列丁奈特的居民
分布：领地(56%)，巴列丁奈特之居民(44%)
→来自palatine,巴拉丁领地的，-ate,使。

Word: psychotherapy
Front: psychotherapy
[ˌsaɪkəʊˈθerəpi] (12460/21493 -2)
Back: n. [医]精神疗法; 心理疗法
分布：心理疗法(70%)，精神疗法(30%)
→psycho-,精神，心理，therapy,治疗。
US [-koʊ-] noun uncountable
■the treatment of mental illness by discussing the problems which caused it with the sufferer, instead of using drugs or operations 心理治疗，精神疗法

Word: pollinate
Front: pollinate
[ˈpɒləneɪt] (托雅宝 23751/28166)
Vocabulary: pollinate
(once / 13432 pages)
v
To pollinate is to move the pollen from one plant to another. When a bee, for example, pollinates a flower, it helps the plant reproduce. You know what they say about the birds and the bees...
In some cases, plants pollinate with the help of the wind, while often it takes an insect or bird moving the grainy substance called pollen between plants. This process involves pollen being transferred to the female parts of a plant, where fertilization takes place. Pollinate comes from the Latin word pollination, and its root, pollen, or "fine flour."
WORD FAMILY
pollinate: pollinated, pollinates, pollinating, pollination, pollinator+/ pollen: pollens, pollinate /pollinated: self-pollinated/pollinating: self-pollinating/ pollination: pollinations, self-pollination/pollinator: pollinators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Egypt's beekeepers say their hives are under threat because of a shortage of sugar, as are the flowers and crops that their bees pollinate.
Reuters(Dec 07, 2016)
Honey bees pollinate crucial food crops and contribute about $14 billion in value to the agricultural economy nationwide.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Meadows provide natural habitat for the insects that pollinate crops and gardens.
Washington Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: vt. 给…传授花粉
时态：pollinated, pollinating, pollinates
分布：给 ... 授粉(100%)
→来自pollen,花粉，-ate,使。
【记】pol头，柱头－授粉（到柱头）

Word: pompeii
Front: pompeii
[pɔmˈpei] (-/27343)
Back: n. 庞培（意大利古都，公元79年火山爆发，全城淹没）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: rationalist
Front: rationalist
[ˈræʃnəlɪst] (23121/22594)
Back: n. 唯理论者，理性主义者
分布：理性主义者(87%)，纯理论者(13%)
→来自 rational,合理的，经过思考的，-ist,人。
noun countable
■someone whose actions and decisions are based on reason rather than emotions or beliefs 理性主义者；唯理论者

Word: ruminate
Front: ruminate
[ˈru:mɪneɪt] (托宝 22163/22105)
Vocabulary: ruminate
(once / 2617 pages)
v
When you ruminate, it means you are thinking very deeply about something. You're likely to be so lost in thought that you stare off into space and don't hear people when they call your name.
Another meaning of ruminate is to "chew the cud," which can mean "to turn it over and over in your mind." Or, if you're a cow, to turn food over and over in your stomachs in order to digest it. Whether you're a human or a cow, if you ruminate, it will take a LONG time.
WORD FAMILY
ruminate: ruminated, ruminates, ruminating, rumination, ruminative, ruminator+/rumen: rumina, ruminate / rumination: ruminations/ruminative: ruminatively/ruminator: ruminators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Van Gerwen stepped aside, opened a diet soda and ruminated on the odd scene.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
There are other, more contrived invitations to ruminate, such as the pendulum that hangs from the ceiling and trickles sand into a shallow box.
New York Times(Dec 07, 2016)
Just ruminate on that for a moment, and then we’ll move on.
Seattle Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: vi. 沉思; 反复考虑; 反刍; 倒嚼
时态：ruminated, ruminating, ruminates
分布：反刍(49%)，沉思(37%)，深思(14%)
→rumin,瘤胃，反刍动物的第一个胃，-ate,使。引申词义沉思，思考，比喻用法。
verb intransitive
THINK 想 formal
■to think carefully and for a long period about something 沉思，长时间思考；反复思考
• She ruminated for weeks about whether to tell him or not. 几个星期她一直在反复考虑是否要告诉他真相。
['ru:.mɪ.neɪt] verb intransitive
EAT 吃 specialized
■(of particular types of animal) to bring up food from the stomach and chew it again （动物）反刍，倒嚼
vt. 反刍；沉思；反复思考
 - chew the cud, remasticate
vi. 沉思，反刍
 - meditate on, be deep in thought

Word: rendezvous
Front: rendezvous
[ˈrɒndɪvu:] (雅宝 12972/12246 -1)
Vocabulary: rendezvous
(once / 1120 pages)
nv
Rendezvous is a very French way to say "meeting" or "date." So go ahead and call your next dentist appointment or lunch date with friends a rendezvous.
In the 1590s, rendezvous meant “a place for assembling of troops.” And you'll still hear military tacticians talking about "rendezvous points" today. But more often we use rendezvous to describe an assembling of friends, an appointment, or a date with your secret lover. If you're feeling extra Frenchy, you can use rendezvous as a verb, as in "Let's rendezvous next Saturday at the mall."
WORD FAMILY
rendezvous: rendezvoused, rendezvouses, rendezvousing
USAGE EXAMPLES
The 14-day flight included the first rendezvous of two manned maneuverable spacecraft.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
People separated geographically, for instance, will rendezvous at a prominent landmark.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Ponderously the 125-ton monster rose slowly from the Earth to start Glenn towards his intended rendezvous with stars.
Washington Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 约会; 约会的地点; 集结地
vi. 约会; 会合
vt. 在指定地点与…相会
时态：rendezvoused, rendezvousing, rendezvouses
分布：约会(48%)，集合(21%)，约会地点(16%)，汇合(12%)，汇合点(3%)
→来自中古法语 rendez vous,呈现你自己，表现你自己，来自 rendez,呈现，给予，来自 rendre 的复数祈使格，词源同 render,vous,你，来自 you 的斜格。
【记】rendez＝render提供，表演，vous＝you－表演你自己－约会
US ['rɑ:n-] (plural rendezvous)
noun countable
■an arrangement to meet someone, especially secretly, at a particular place and time, or the place itself （尤指秘密的）约会，会面
• We have a rendezvous for next week, don't we? 我们下周有个约会，是不是？
• The lovers met at a secret rendezvous in the park. 恋人们在公园中偷偷约会。
■a place where a particular group of people often go or meet, by arrangement or habit 约会地点；会面地点；经常出没的场所
• This restaurant is a popular rendezvous for local artists. 这家饭店是当地艺术家喜欢的聚会地点。
n. 约会；约会地点；集结地
 - date, engagement
vi. [军] [航] 会合；约会
 - link up, make an appointment

Word: reflate
Front: reflate
[ˌri:ˈfleɪt] None
Back: v. <美>（使）通货再膨胀
时态：reflated, reflating, reflates
分布：再膨胀(67%)，使再膨胀(33%)
[ˌri:'fleɪt] specialized
verb intransitive or transitive
■in economics, to increase the amount of money in use in a country's economy （使）通货再膨胀；以通货再膨胀刺激（经济）增长（或回升）
• The government hopes to increase consumer demand and therefore industrial production by reflating (the economy). 政府希望透过通货再膨胀（刺激经济）增加消费需求，进而刺激工业生产。

Word: sabbath

Word: receivership
Front: receivership
[rɪˈsi:vəʃɪp] (31150/15838 -1)
Back: n. 破产管理，破产清算; 破产在管; [法]破产案产业管理人的职务
分布：破产管理(100%)
→来自 receiver,接收，接管，-ship,抽象名词后缀。
US [-vɚ-] noun uncountable
■when a company is controlled by the receiver because it has no money 破产管理；破产在管
• Since January over a hundred companies have been forced into receivership. 从一月份以来，已有一百多间公司被迫进入破产在管状态。
n. [经管] 破产管理；破产管理人的职务；破产在管
 - administration in bankruptcy

Word: sanctify
Front: sanctify
[ˈsæŋktɪfaɪ] (宝 20602/21181)
Vocabulary: sanctify
(once / 849 pages)
v
To sanctify something is to make it pure or holy. You might see a priest sanctify a church in your neighborhood — that means it’s holy.
Sanctify often has a religious connotation. If you get married, you might have a religious ceremony to sanctify your union. That means the marriage is viewed as legitimate according to your religion. Sanctify can also mean that something is made free from sin, like when the Pope sanctifies a person. Or you can use it for anything that’s made right or acceptable. Your mom’s support may sanctify the odd outfit you wore to the family reunion. Thanks, Mom!
WORD FAMILY
sanctify: sanctification, sanctified, sanctifies, sanctifying, unsanctify+/ saint: sainted, sainthood, sainting, saintlike, saintly, saints, sanctify /sainted: saintedly/sainthood: sainthoods/saintly: saintliness/sanctification: sanctifications, unsanctification/sanctified: sanctifiedest, unsanctified/unsanctify: unsanctifies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Management theorists sanctify capitalism in much the same way that clergymen of yore sanctified feudalism.
Economist(Dec 15, 2016)
Before I sound like I am sanctifying Alan I will add that his support and engagement, in the best sense, was often challenging.
The Guardian(Dec 11, 2016)
An unfolding transformation from the socially stratified dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz to an egalitarian socialist ideal would be visualized — and sanctified — in magnificent civic paintings.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: vt. 使神圣; 洗清…的罪孽; 批准; 认可
时态：sanctified, sanctifying, sanctifies
分布：认可(39%)，使神圣(23%)，使圣洁(23%)，批准(15%)
→sanct-,神圣的，-fy,使。即使神圣，原指对有德行的人和虔诚的人宣圣，封为圣徒，引申词义 批准，认可。
神圣化(sanct+ify化,表动词)[anct=holy,表示"神圣"]
【记】sanct神圣，ify：神圣化
【参】sanctuary（n 避难所；圣所）
【反】desecrate（v 亵渎）
verb transitive formal
■to make an event or place holy 使神圣化，使圣洁化
■to make something socially or officially acceptable 使合法化；批准；认可
• a practice sanctified by many years of tradition 多年传统所认可的做法
vt. 使圣洁；使神圣化；把…奉献给神；认可
 - allow, recognise

Word: sandstone
Front: sandstone
[ˈsændstəʊn] (12256/9096 -1)
Back: n. 砂岩; 砂石
分布：砂岩(100%)
US [-stoʊn] noun uncountable
■a type of rock formed from sand 砂岩
n. [岩] 砂岩；沙岩
 - quar

Word: sang
Front: sang
[sæŋ] None
Back: v. 唱，歌唱( sing的过去式 ); （鸟）鸣; 嗡嗡叫; 呜呜作响
分布：sing的过去式(100%)
verb past simple of
■sing

Word: scholastic
Front: scholastic
[skəˈlæstɪk] (11944/21534)
Vocabulary: scholastic
(once / 2520 pages)
adjn
Something that's scholastic has to do with schools or learning. If you brag about your town's scholastic excellence, you mean that you've got great schools.
When your school principal talks about scholastic achievement, she's discussing the grades and test scores of her students, and if you referred to your own scholastic challenges, you probably mean the subjects you find the most difficult in school. One well-known US college entrance exam is the SAT, which is an acronym for "Scholastic Aptitude Test." The word is from the Latin scholasticus, "of a school," with the Greek root skholastikos, "devoting one's leisure to learning."
WORD FAMILY
scholastic: interscholastic, scholastically, scholasticism, scholastics+/ preschool: preschooler, preschools/preschooler: preschoolers/scholasticism: scholasticisms/ school: after-school, interschool, preschool, scholastic, schooled, schooling, schools/schooled: unschooled/schooling: schoolings
USAGE EXAMPLES
They honor, with consummate skill, the scholastic discipline of canon and fugue.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
Homework Zone Ages 8-15 may get scholastic help from library staff in a calm study environment with dedicated computers, resources and online tools.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
It was a scene that has become increasingly familiar at professional and scholastic athletic events, though not yet in Montgomery County.
Washington Post(Sep 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 学校的，教育上的; 学术上的
分布：学术的(28%)，教育的(21%)，学习的(21%)，经院哲学家(17%)，学院的(9%)，墨守成规者；学究(4%)
→来自 scholar,学者，-astic,形容词后缀，词源同 fantastic,gymnastic.引申诸相关词义。
adjective
■relating to school and education 学校的，教育的
• scholastic achievements 学业成绩
adj. 学校的；学者的；学术的（等于scholastical）
 - academic, doctorial
n. 学者；学生；墨守成规者；经院哲学家
 - student, academic

Word: samaritan

Word: scrounge
Front: scrounge
[skraʊndʒ] (19582/23957)
Back: vt. 乞讨，骗取
n. 讨要（钱财、食物等），伸手索要
时态：scrounged, scrounging, scrounges
分布：乞讨(68%)，四处搜寻(23%)，索取(9%)
verb intransitive or transitive informal
■to get things, especially money or food, by asking for them instead of buying them or working for them 白要；乞讨；不劳而获（尤指金钱或食物）
• Peter never buys anything - he just scrounges (off his friends). 彼得从不买东西，他总是（从朋友那里）白吃白喝。
[skraʊndʒ] verb intransitive or transitive informal
  Phrasal Verbs  scrounge around US informal
■to look in different places or in a particular place where you might find something that you need 寻找；搜索
• She scrounged around in the tool box for a tack or nail to hang the notice up with. 她在工具箱里找来找去，想找个图钉或钉子把这张布告挂上去。
[skraʊndʒ] noun disapproving or humorous
on the scrounge
■Someone who is on the scrounge is asking people for things or for money. 乞讨；索要
vi. 搜寻；乞讨
 - search, hunt for
vt. 搜寻；乞讨；骗取
 - search, fish

Word: singe
Front: singe
[sɪndʒ] (托宝 21246/24556)
Vocabulary: singe
(once / 3363 pages)
vn
To burn something just a little bit is to singe it. If you get too close to your backyard fire pit, you might singe your shirt sleeve.
When you singe your finger on a hot stove, it hurts, and when you singe your scarf on a campfire, you'll smell it starting to burn. The verb singe comes from the Old English root word sengan, "to burn lightly, or to burn the edges." One trick to the word singe is that when you add an ing, you need to be sure you keep the e — otherwise, instead of singeing, you'll be singing.
WORD FAMILY
singe: singed, singeing, singes
USAGE EXAMPLES
A prosecutor told the jury Wednesday that the defendants’ faces were “singed” into the memories of the daughters, who witnessed the slayings.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
“Recent reports of Russian interference in our election should alarm every American,” says the letter that the four men singed onto.
Washington Post(Dec 19, 2016)
Several transformers in the area were singed, the fire department said.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 浅表烧焦
vt. （毛发）燎，烧焦尖端[边儿]
n. 浅表[轻微]烧焦
时态：singed, singeing, singes
分布：烧焦(73%)，烫焦(16%)，损伤(11%)
→来自古英语 sengan,轻微的烤，轻微的烧，来自 Proto-Germanic*sangijana,燃烧，来自 senk, 燃烧，可能来自拟声词，模仿物体在火烧时发出的轻微的噼啪声。
【记】原指：用微火燎去鸟或动物的尸体上的毛sin罪孽，ge哥哥－哥哥犯错与庶民同罪－烧焦了他
verb intransitive or transitive (singeing)
■to burn slightly on the surface, without producing flames 把…微微烧焦，把…烤焦
• My jumper started to singe when I leaned over a burning candle. 我俯身靠向蜡烛时把工作服烧焦了。
[sɪndʒ] noun countable
■a slight burn mark 焦痕
• The hot iron left a singe (mark)on my dress. 滚热的熨斗在我的连衣裙上留下了轻微的焦痕。
vt. 烧焦；烤焦
 - air burn, scorch
vi. 烧焦；烤焦
 - air burn, char
n. 烧焦；烤焦
 - scorch

Word: sheridan

Word: snobbish
Front: snobbish
[ˈsnɒbɪʃ] (六托宝 29534/21368)
Vocabulary: snobbish
(once / 6770 pages)
adj
Someone who's snobbish makes it clear that he thinks he's better than most other people. Your snobbish cousin might refuse to borrow your rain coat because it looks "cheap."
If you're snobbish, you believe there are different social classes of people, and that you belong to the highest one. A snobbish person might think that graduating from a certain college makes him better than others, or that having more money makes him superior to those with less. The root is snob, which evolved from meaning "shoemaker" in 1700's Britain to being university slang for "ordinary person who apes his social superiors" to "one who despises those he considers inferior."
WORD FAMILY
snobbish: snobbishly, snobbishness+/ snob: snobbery, snobbish, snobbism, snobby, snobs/ snobbery: snobberies/snobbism: snobbisms
USAGE EXAMPLES
The two stepsisters are snobbish divas, and the prince is a poet who finds Cinderella through a melody she wrote.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
As for his supporters, they dismiss us as snobbish left-wing elitists completely out of touch with what’s happening in the “real America.”
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
“Especially when it comes to college basketball, we tend to be pretty snobbish.”
New York Times(Sep 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 势利眼的; 谄上傲下的; 恃才傲物的; 假充内行的
分布：势利的(74%)，自命不凡的(26%)
→snob,势利眼，-ish,形容词后缀。
势利眼的(snob势利眼)[-ish 1.表形容词"像…一样,有的..."通常放在一具体名词后2.表动词"造成…"3.表示"国家的或语言"]
【记】snob（n 势利的人）崇拜nob（n 有钱人）。
US ['snɑ:.bɪʃ] (informal snobby) disapproving
adjective
■like a snob 势利的；爱虚荣的
• My brother is very snobbish about cars. 我弟弟很讲究汽车的等级。
adj. 势利的
 - dicty

Word: slag
Front: slag
[slæg] (托雅宝 25329/16041 -1)
Back: n. 矿渣; 熔渣
vt. & vi. （使）成渣（状）; 变熔渣
时态：slagged, slagging, slags
分布：矿渣(76%)，熔渣(24%)
→来自中古高地德语 slagge,金属碎片，来自 Proto-Germanic*slog,击，打，砍，来自 slak, 击，打，砍，词源同 slay,slog,slug.后用于指熔炉冶炼后的炉渣，矿渣。
noun
WASTE 废物
uncountable
■waste material produced when coal is dug from the ground, or a substance produced by mixing chemicals with metal that has been heated until it is liquid in order to remove unwanted substances from it 矿渣；熔渣；炉渣
⇒ See also slagheap
[slæg] noun
WOMAN 女子
countable UK slang disapproving
■a woman who people disapprove of because she has had a lot of sexual partners 荡妇
[slæg] noun
LIQUID 液体
uncountable Australian informal for
■ spit (= saliva) 唾沫；唾液
[slæg] verb (-gg-)
[slæg] verb (-gg-)
  Phrasal Verbs  [M] slag sb off UK informal
■to criticize someone 批评，责难（某人）
• I hate the way Ian is always slagging people off behind their backs. 我不喜欢伊恩总是那样在背后诋毁别人。
n. 炉渣； [冶] [环境] 矿渣；熔渣
 - scoria, attle

Word: servitude
Front: servitude
[ˈsɜ:vɪtju:d] (宝 18822/23067)
Vocabulary: servitude
(once / 1276 pages)
n
If you're free-spirited you won't enjoy servitude, mainly because servitude means you have to answer to a master, like a servant does.
Slavery, a brutal form of servitude, existed in the United States until the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865. Before this, thousands upon thousands of African Americans were forced into servitude, where they were forced to perform labor for their masters. A key to remembering the meaning of servitude is the fact that it resembles servant. If your friend rear-ends you but doesn't have insurance, let him pay for the damage in servitude. Make him your personal assistant for a month!
WORD FAMILY
servitude: servitudes
USAGE EXAMPLES
The key word here is “maybe,” which doesn’t tell us much, but it seems unlikely that a maze would free hosts from bot servitude completely.
Time(Nov 30, 2016)
“In the 13th Amendment it says that no man can be held in involuntary servitude or in slavery, except for what? A felony conviction.”
Salon(Nov 28, 2016)
When folks do think about human trafficking, it may be in connection with sexual servitude.
Washington Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 奴役（状况）
分布：奴役(88%)，〈法〉役劝(4%)，束缚(4%)，徒刑(4%)
→来自拉丁语 servitudo,奴隶身份，奴役，来自 servus,奴隶，奴仆，词源同 serve.-ude,表状态。
奴役(serv+itude表示状态)[serv=serve,keep表示"服务,保持"]
US ['sɝ:.vɪ.tu:d] formal
noun uncountable
■the state of being under the control of someone else and of having no freedom 苦役；奴役；劳役
• In the past, the majority of women were consigned to a lifetime of servitude and poverty. 过去，大多数的女性一生含辛茹苦，一贫如洗。
n. 劳役，奴役；地役权；奴隶状态
 - slavery, bondage

Word: shiv
Front: shiv
[ʃɪv] (34186/-)
Back: n. <美俚>（尤指用作武器的）刀，开门闸刀，剃刀
分布：剃刀(100%)
n. 刀（尤指用作武器的）；剃刀，开门闸刀
 - sword, knife

Word: snooper
Front: snooper
['snʊpɚ] (43881/42017)
Back: n. 探听者
分布：探听者(67%)，装有雷达的侦察飞机(33%)
n. 刺探者；爱管闲事者
 - prier

Word: syntax
Front: syntax
[ˈsɪntæks] (15676/8280)
Vocabulary: syntax
(once / 4269 pages)
n
One of the hardest things about learning a new language is figuring out the syntax, or the basic rules for the way that words and phrases should be arranged in a sentence in order for it to make sense.
Syntax isn't necessarily something you think about when you're speaking, but the order of words in a sentence can make a huge difference to its meaning. If you aren't convinced, try telling a waiter that you'd like "a slice of dessert for cake." And then, as the waiter stands there looking confused, try explaining that you don't think "important is very syntax."
WORD FAMILY
syntax: syntactic, syntactical, syntaxes+/syntactic: syntactically
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the test involves only words, so it’s like two people texting, reduced to syntax.
Time(Dec 05, 2016)
In a state of constant confusion, and with a tenuous grasp of English syntax, he was invariably the target of Basil's rages.
BBC(Dec 01, 2016)
The syntax, in which sentences are composed in a continuous circle, is unlike anything she’s ever seen.
Salon(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: n. 句法; 句法规则[分析]; 语构; 语法
分布：句法(100%)
→syn-,一起，-tax,接触，安排，词源同 tactics,tax,taxidermy.用于语法格指句法，句法规则。
['sɪn.tæks] specialized
noun uncountable
■the grammatical arrangement of words in a sentence 句法；句子结构
n. 语法； [计] [语] 句法；有秩序的排列
 - grammar, phraseology

Word: sweetly
Front: sweetly
[ˈswi:tli] (12573/12353)
Back: adv. 舒适地; 美妙悦耳地; 甜蜜地; 亲切地
分布：甜美地(38%)，气味芬芳地(25%)，顺利地(25%)，悦耳地(12%)
adverb
■in a kind way 温和地，和蔼地
• He smiled sweetly at her. 他对着她甜甜笑着。
adv. 甜美地；温柔地；惬意地；讨人喜欢地
 - gently, softly

Word: thoroughness
Front: thoroughness
['θʌrənəs] (22703/18439)
Back: n. 完全，十分
分布：彻底性(100%)
n. 十分，完全；彻底
 - good and, every minute

Word: stalingrad

Word: tempestuous
Front: tempestuous
[temˈpestʃuəs] (宝 25087/32970)
Vocabulary: tempestuous
(once / 2378 pages)
adj
A tempest is a storm, so you can use the adjective tempestuous to describe anything stormy or volatile — from a tempestuous hurricane to a tempestuous romance.
The adjective tempestuous can describe violent weather, but it can also figuratively describe something that just has the characteristics of such blustery and turbulent weather. A person could be described as tempestuous if she’s prone to violent mood swings and fits of passion. Impetuous is a synonym. The author Joseph Conrad once wrote, “To have his path made clear for him is the aspiration of every human being in our beclouded and tempestuous existence.”
WORD FAMILY
tempestuous: tempestuously, tempestuousness+/ tempest: tempests, tempestuous
USAGE EXAMPLES
IN HER convent-school English, she described her life as “tempestuous”.
Economist(Dec 08, 2016)
Kelly also describes her tempestuous relationship with Trump and with ousted Fox News chairman Roger Ailes, according to the Times account.
Washington Post(Nov 11, 2016)
Their relationship was tempestuous and revolved around drinking, drugs and nightclubs, friends said.
New York Times(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 暴风雨的; 暴风雪的; 剧烈的; 狂暴的
分布：有暴风雨的(67%)，剧烈的(33%)
→来自 tempest,狂暴天气，暴风雨。
暴风雨般的;剧烈的(tempest+uous)[temper,tempor=time,表示"时间"或时间引起的现象]
狂暴的(tempest暴风雨)[-uous表形容词"多…的"]
【记】temp＝temper脾气，est最，uous多：脾气暴躁的；暴风雨的
【反】halcyon（adj 平静的；太平的）
adjective
EMOTIONS 感情的
■If something such as a relationship or time is tempestuous, it is full of strong emotions 剧烈的；骚动的；狂暴的
• They got divorced in 1992 after a tempestuous marriage. 他们在经历了一段狂风暴雨式的婚姻后，于1992年离婚。
[tem'pes.tju.əs] adjective
STORM 暴风雨 literary
■of or relating to a tempest 暴风雨的；与暴风雨有关的
adj. 有暴风雨的；暴乱的；剧烈的
 - severe, smart, exquisite

Word: travelogue
Front: travelogue
[ˈtrævəlɒg] (25368/33310)
Back: n. 旅行纪录片; 旅行广播节目; 游记; 关于旅游的讲座
分布：旅行见闻(37%)，游记(36%)，观光影片(21%)，=travelog.(6%)
→来自 travel,旅行，-log,说话，词源同 dialogue.
【记】travel旅游，logue说话－旅行见闻讲演
US [-ə.lɑ:g] noun countable
■a film or book about travelling to or in a particular place 旅行纪录片；游记
• Peter Jackson's latest book 'Africa' is part travelogue, part memoir. 彼得‧杰克逊的新书《非洲》既是游记又是回忆录。

Word: triumphal
Front: triumphal
[traɪˈʌmfl] (24380/21338)
Back: adj. 胜利的，用于胜利的，庆祝胜利的
分布：凯旋的(65%)，庆祝胜利的(35%)
→triumph,胜利，凯旋，-al,形容词后缀。
adjective
■describes something that celebrates a great victory (= winning a war or competition) or success 庆祝重大胜利（或巨大成功）的；凯旋的
• Shortly after his triumphal entry into Havana in January 1959, Castro spoke on television for seven hours without a break. 1959年1月成功进入哈瓦那后不久，卡斯特罗在电视上连续作了七小时演讲。
• Her popularity has declined since her triumphal return from exile two years ago. 自从两年前从流放地胜利归来后，她的声望江河日下。
adj. 凯旋的，胜利的
 - winning, victorious

Word: transmute
Front: transmute
[trænzˈmju:t] (托宝 22104/20909)
Vocabulary: transmute
(once / 2396 pages)
v
Transmute is a verb meaning to change in appearance or form. For example, magical creatures can transmute into other beings. When you're fighting a wizard, don’t be surprised if he transmutes into a terrifying dragon.
More realistically, you, too, can transmute your appearance — by dying your hair, piercing your nose, or changing your style of dress. Transmute often describes physical change — like when alchemists tried to transmute lead into gold — but it can also be used more figuratively to describe anything that's transformed. For example, you might transmute your sketchy memories of growing up in Boston into the Great American Novel.
WORD FAMILY
transmute: transmutable, transmutation, transmuted, transmutes, transmuting+/transmutable: transmutability, untransmutable/transmutation: transmutations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Lioness teaches the neighbor’s children to transmute armfuls of barren soil into flowers.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Their anger is growing by the day, the initial joy of freedom inspired by the anticipated removal of Isis from Mosul transmuted into fear.
The Guardian(Dec 27, 2016)
The insurgent rock band had long ago transmuted into pro-capitalist entrepreneurs even as they sang about revolution.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: vt. 使变形，使变质，把…变成…
时态：transmuted, transmuting, transmutes
分布：使 ... 变形(100%)
→trans-,转移，转变，-mut,改变，词源同 mutate,mutual.
使变形,使变化(trans横进去+mute变→变过去→变形)[mut=change,表示"改变"]
US [træns-] formal
verb intransitive or transitive [usually + adv/prep]
■to change something completely, especially into something different and better 彻底改变（尤指变成更好的他物）
• A few centuries ago alchemists thought they could transmute lead into gold. 几个世纪以前，炼金术士以为他们能把铅变成金子。
• specialized Plutonium transmutes into/to uranium when it is processed in a nuclear reactor. 钸在核反应堆中经过处理就变成了铀。
vt. 使变形；使变质
 - deform, warp
vi. 变形；变质
 - become deformed, to morph

Word: unafraid
Front: unafraid
[ˌʌnəˈfreɪd] None
Back: adj. 不害怕的，无所畏惧的; 不怕羞的
分布：不怕的(67%)，不畏惧的(33%)
adj. 不怕的；无畏的
 - fearless, audacious

Word: vegan
Front: vegan
[ˈvi:gən] (18638/24225 -1)
Vocabulary: vegan
(once / 21258 pages)
n
If you’re a vegan, you’re a strict vegetarian, and you don’t eat anything that comes from an animal — not even eggs or dairy. Most vegans also avoid using animal products like wool and leather.
A vegan diet is heavy on fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains, and since only animal products contain cholesterol, vegans are often healthier than the steak-and-potatoes crowd. On the other hand, eating out can sometimes be harder for a vegan, since things like pizza with mozzarella and hamburgers aren't options. As you no doubt noticed, vegan is related to vegetarian and vegetable.
WORD FAMILY
vegan: vegans
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I don’t want to become an annoying vegan,” he said.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
It is vegan, and it tastes like tapioca flavored with coconut.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
It’s diamonds and Priuses — or really just a few ounces of vegan caviar — with all the savings.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: n. 严格的素食主义者
分布：严格的食素主义者(100%)
→来自vegetable,蔬菜，引申词义素食主义者。
noun countable
■a person who does not eat or use any animal products, such as meat, fish, eggs, cheese or leather 严守素食主义者（不食用或不使用任何动物产品）
• Vegans get all the protein they need from nuts, seeds, beans and cereals. 严守素食主义者从坚果、瓜籽、大豆和谷物中获得他们所需的全部蛋白质。
Compare vegetarian
['vi:.gən] adjective
■not eating, using or including any animal products 不食用或不使用任何动物产品
• a vegan diet 严格的素食
• She decided to turn vegan after watching a documentary about how poultry is raised. 在看了一部有关家禽养殖的纪录片之后，她决定转做一个严格的素食主义者。

Word: unmitigated
Front: unmitigated
[ʌnˈmɪtɪgeɪtɪd] (宝 23666/21845)
Vocabulary: unmitigated
(once / 4709 pages)
adj
The adjective unmitigated describes something that is undiminished, unqualified, or absolute. If your new recipe for chocolate cupcakes is met by enthusiastic cheers, you can assume you have an unmitigated success on your hands.
Unmitigated comes from the Latin roots un-, meaning "not," and mitigare, meaning "made mild, soft, or gentle." Perhaps because of these origins, although unmitigated can be used positively, as in unmitigated success, but the word is often paired more negatively. You knew the wedding was going to be an unmitigated disaster when the bride and groom didn't bother to show up at all, leaving the guests to sit waiting for hours.
WORD FAMILY
unmitigated: unmitigatedest, unmitigatedly+/mitigable: unmitigable/ mitigate: mitigable, mitigated, mitigates, mitigating, mitigation, mitigative, mitigatory/ mitigated: unmitigated / mitigation: mitigations/unmitigable: unmitigably
USAGE EXAMPLES
His injury turned an already bleak day for the Titans into an unmitigated disaster.
Reuters(Dec 24, 2016)
Even more pernicious, Pruitt actively encourages others to promote that ignorance, even to children, who will most bear the brunt of unmitigated climate change.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Dow’s experience, which now seems like an unmitigated success, suggests no lessons were absorbed.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 未缓和的; 未减轻的; 十足的; 完完全全的
分布：十足的(49%)，绝对的(31%)，未缓和的(20%)
US [-'mɪ.ə.geɪ.tˌɪd] adjective [usually before noun]
■complete, often describing something bad or unsuccessful that has no good or positive points （常指坏事或不成功的事）完全的，彻底的，十足的
• The whole venture has been an unmitigated disaster. 整个经营专案彻底失败了。
adj. 全然的；严厉的；未缓和的
 - severe, tight, hard, harsh, rigorous

Word: wilbur
Front: wilbur
[ˈwilbə] (-/38224)
Back: n. 威尔伯（亦作Wilber）(m.)

Word: whiten
Front: whiten
[ˈwaɪtn] (20372/25267)
Back: vt. & vi. （使某物）变白或更白
时态：whitened, whitening, whitens
分布：变白(92%)，使 ... 白(8%)
US [-ən] verb intransitive or transitive
■to make or become whiter （使）变白
• She's had her nicotine-stained teeth whitened. 她将她那被尼古丁熏黑的牙齿漂白了。
• Her hair had whitened over the years. 这么多年来，她的头发已经变白了。
vt. 漂白；刷白
 - bleach out, decolor
vi. 变白
 - go white

Word: wetter
Front: wetter
['wetə] None
Back: n. （印刷前纸张的）湿润工，湿润剂
分布：润湿剂(72%)，加湿器(28%)
n. [助剂] 湿润剂；（印刷前纸张的）湿润工
 - wetting agents
adj. 湿的；多雨的（wet的比较级）
 - rainy, waterish

Word: undulate
Front: undulate
[ˈʌndjuleɪt] (宝 25684/37025 -1)
Vocabulary: undulate
(once / 1051 pages)
vadj
Undulate means to move in a wave-like pattern. If a sound increases and decreases in pitch or volume like waves, you can say the sound is undulating. When searching for the lost boy, the rescuers' cries undulated through the forest.
The verb undulate comes from the Latin word undula, which means "wavelet" (unda means "wave"). So any action shown with the verb undulate has that waving sense to it. If something moves in a wavy, pattern, for example, it is said to undulate. The wind might cause prairie grass to undulate, or music might cause hips to undulate.
WORD FAMILY
undulate: undulated, undulates, undulating, undulatingly, undulation, undulatory+/ undulation: undulations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Beginning in the Afruda district and ending near Espinho’s golden beaches, the path includes wooden walkways above undulating dunes and paved promenades with ocean views.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
Its moonlike, undulating roofs gleamed in the sunlight.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
They move in a single undulating cloud of silver that twists, turns, shrinks, expands and wraps itself around any object that gets in its way.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: vi. 起伏; 波动; 呈波浪形; 震动
vt. 波动; 使波动; 使起伏; 使成波浪形
adj. 波状的; 波动起伏的; 波浪形的
时态：undulated, undulating, undulates
分布：起伏的(67%)，波动的(33%)
→来自拉丁语unda, 水，水波，词源同abound,inundation,water, 字母w脱落。
波动(und+ulate表动作+波动)[und=wave,表示"波动"]
【记】und波浪，ulate－波动起伏
【参】abundant（adj 丰富的）中间的und形容麦浪滚滚。
vi. 起伏，波动；震动；呈波浪形
 - roll, quake
vt. 波动；使波动；使起伏；使成波浪形
 - wave motion
adj. 波动的；起伏的；波浪形的
 - rolling, wavery

Word: abigail
Front: abigail
[ˈæbiɡeil] (-/27968)
Back: n. （贵妇人的贴身）使女
分布：侍女(100%)

Word: abdominal
Front: abdominal
[æbˈdɒmɪnl] (10520/9330)
Vocabulary: abdominal
(once / 3103 pages)
adjn
Anything abdominal relates to the midsection of your body, just below your chest and above your pelvis. Abdominal muscles are sometimes called “abs” and they’re the muscles in your abdomen.
All abdominal things relate to the belly area. If your stomach hurts, you have abdominal pain. Sit-ups are abdominal exercises. Do enough sit-ups and you'll have washboard abs because the rippled muscles look like, well, a washboard. Any stomach surgery is a type of abdominal surgery. Sometimes abdominal is used as a noun that’s short for abdominal muscle.
WORD FAMILY
abdominal: abdominally, abdominals+/ abdomen: abdomens, abdominal
USAGE EXAMPLES
The case involved a newly pregnant woman experiencing abdominal cramping and fever.
Seattle Times(Dec 30, 2016)
The company restarted shipping a device used to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms after a two-day halt.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
The Food and Drug Administration ordered Endologix to stop shipping a device used to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms because of manufacturing problems.
Seattle Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 腹部的; [鱼]有腹鳍的
n. 腹肌（常用作复数）
分布：腹部的(100%)
ADJ
腹（部）的
Abdominal is used to describe something that is situated in the abdomen or forms part of it.
例：...vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal pain.呕吐、腹泻和腹痛
adj. 腹部的；有腹鳍的
 - ventricular

Word: yearbook
Front: yearbook
[ˈjɪəbʊk] (13756/21457)
Back: n. 年鉴，年报，年刊
分布：年鉴(100%)
US ['jɪr-/ (US also annual)
noun countable
■a book published every year by a school or other organization, that gives various facts about the events and achievements of the previous or present year （学校或其他机构出版的）年刊，年鉴
⇒ See also annual
n. [图情] 年鉴；年刊
 - annual, almanack

Word: wrongheaded
Front: wrongheaded
['rɒŋhedɪd] None
Vocabulary: wrongheaded
(once / 51166 pages)
adj
Something that's wrongheaded is foolish, misguided, and stubborn. A wrongheaded politician might run for president despite polls showing there's no way he can win.
A wrongheaded entrepreneur may go ahead with her plans to open an ice cream shop for dogs despite being advised not to by everyone she knows. You might feel angry about a judge's wrongheaded decision in an important court case. Anyone who uses bad judgement is wrongheaded, especially when the mistake seems obvious. The adjective wrongheaded has been around since the 1730's.
WORD FAMILY
wrongheaded: wrongheadedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Or is this all wrongheaded, and TV is doing exactly what it should be doing: distracting, soothing, comforting?
Slate(Dec 18, 2016)
It’s not that all of Trump’s goals are wrongheaded or crazy.
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Weinberger’s guidelines have endured because of their simplicity and clarity, but for all that, they are mostly wrongheaded.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 判断错误的，固执的，坚持错误的
分布：固执的(47%)，顽固的(40%)，乖僻的(13%)
【参】wrongdoing（n 不道德行为）
adj. 固执的；坚持错误的
 - fixed, persistent, set

Word: adroit
Front: adroit
[əˈdrɔɪt] (托宝 26237/32995)
Vocabulary: adroit
(once / 1274 pages)
adj
Someone who is adroit is clever and skillful. An adroit leader will be able to persuade people to go with his ideas. An adroit sculptor can turn a lump of clay into an object of great beauty.
If you've ever studied French you know that droit means "right," both as in "right of free speech" and as in "left and right," and à droit means both "turn right" and "properly." Once English people borrowed à droit, they changed the meaning slightly, from doing something "properly" to "doing something well." You may have heard the expression "surprisingly adroit," as in, "For a guy whose wife does all the cooking, he is surprisingly adroit in the kitchen."
WORD FAMILY
adroit: adroitest, adroitly, adroitness+/adroitness: adroitnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Try seasonal beers from a dozen Old Dominion breweries, including Champion, Hardywood, Adroit Theory and Lickinghole Creek, at Mad Fox's annual celebration.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
The conductor Fabio Luisi brought insight and adroit technique to Rossini’s ambitious score, drawing fleetness, breadth and refinement from the excellent Met orchestra.
New York Times(Oct 19, 2016)
But if Vance is an adroit enough storyteller, he’s a fiercely astute social critic of the sort we desperately need right now.
New York Times(Oct 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 熟练的，机敏的; 机巧; 一把好手
分布：熟练的(52%)，灵巧的(28%)，机敏的(16%)，善于…的(4%)
→前缀ad-, 去，往。-droit, 单词direct的法语变体。指直的，正确的，好的，灵巧的。
【参】maladroit（adj 笨拙的）；adroitly（adv 熟练地，机敏地）
【记】adro读音：我捉＋it＝我捉it。既然是去捉it，一定不是什么好货色，咱不说捉李洪志、本?拉登，就算捉只大白兔，也不是那么容易的，需要你有熟练的、灵巧的技能。
【反】ungainly（adj 笨拙的）；fumble（vi 笨手笨脚地做）；ham-handed（adj 笨手笨脚的）
adjective
■very skilful and quick in the way you think or move 精明的；干练的；机敏的；灵巧的
• an adroit reaction/answer/movement of the hand 敏捷的反应／机敏的回答／灵巧的手部动作
• She became adroit at dealing with difficult questions. 她变得非常善于处理棘手问题。
adj. 敏捷的，灵巧的；熟练的
 - experienced, skilled, fly, accomplished, sharp

Word: acacia
Front: acacia
[əˈkeɪʃə] (23234/35465)
Vocabulary: acacia
(once / 2944 pages)
n
An acacia is a kind of tree or bush that grows in very warm climates. If you visit Australia, you're likely to see an acacia.
Acacias are found in places like South America, Africa, and parts of Asia, though the majority of acacias grow in Australia. Many acacias have tiny leaves and are covered in thorns, although there are varieties that aren't thorny — still, the name itself comes from the Greek word akakia, "thorny Egyptian tree," probably rooted in ake, or "thorn."
WORD FAMILY
acacia: acacias
USAGE EXAMPLES
He points proudly at the log hive - a debarked, hollow tree stump - swaying gently in the breeze in the acacia tree outside his hut.
BBC(Dec 21, 2016)
Apple and Acacia did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
Reuters(Dec 21, 2016)
Emergencies like that hit the family budget two ways, said Acacia Hathaway.
Washington Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 阿拉伯树胶
分布：刺槐(34%)，洋槐(33%)，阿拉伯树胶(22%)，金合欢属树(11%)
→来自词根ac,尖，酸。指金合欢树的尖刺。
noun countable or uncountable
■a tree from warm parts of the world which has small leaves and yellow or white flowers 金合欢树
n. [林] 阿拉伯树胶；刺槐；金合欢属植物
 - arabic gum, silver chain

Word: apoplectic
Front: apoplectic
[ˌæpəˈplektɪk] (宝 29192/36529)
Vocabulary: apoplectic
(once / 9023 pages)
adj
Someone who is apoplectic is not just mad — they're so filled with rage, they can barely communicate. If your mother is apoplectic, you'd better hope it isn't over something you did.
Apoplectic comes from a Greek word that means to "disable by a stroke." What is a stroke? The sudden loss of consciousness or control caused when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures or becomes blocked. When this happens, a person becomes apoplectic. This word also applies to someone who acts so upset, it is like he or she is having a stroke.
WORD FAMILY
apoplectic: apoplectically+/ apoplexy: apoplectic, apoplexies
USAGE EXAMPLES
His local media went apoplectic when a British journalist questioned him about it.
The Guardian(Nov 19, 2016)
Since the election, Democrats have been apoplectic about losing the presidential race.
Seattle Times(Nov 19, 2016)
At one point, Banks takes off her protective gear and explains to her apoplectic handlers that she needs to let the aliens see her.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 激动的，愤怒得脸发红的; 中风的
n. 中风患者
分布：中风的(72%)，易怒的(28%)
→apoplexy的形容词，指气的发疯，气的中风。字母x结尾的拉丁名称变形容词时改x为ct, 同climactic，高潮的。
【记】a一首，pop流行歌曲，lect＝let让。一首流行歌曲让人中风。因为中风者一般是老一辈的人们，他们接受新事物的能力较弱，如果天天叫他们听一些MICHAEL JACKSON之类的劲歌，第一反应应是极度愤怒至脸红，然后头部血管爆裂导致中风。
【反】calm（adj 天气、海洋等平静的；人镇静的）
adjective
■extremely and obviously angry, or in a state of violent excitement, usually caused by great anger 勃然大怒的；暴跳如雷的
• He was apoplectic with rage/fury. 他火冒三丈／暴跳如雷。
adj. [医] 中风的；易怒的
 - passionate, irascible
n. 中风患者
 - paralytic

Word: alleviation
Front: alleviation
[əˌli:vɪ'eɪʃn] (23947/22740)
Back: n. 减轻; 缓解; 缓和; 镇痛物
分布：减轻(73%)，缓和(21%)，解痛物(6%)
n. 缓和；镇痛物
 - relaxation, detente

Word: angkor
Front: angkor
[ˈæŋkɔ:] (-/48253)
Back: n. 吴哥（柬埔寨的古都和游览胜地）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: bamboozle
Front: bamboozle
[bæmˈbu:zl] (宝 30889/34585)
Vocabulary: bamboozle
(once / 15802 pages)
v
To bamboozle is to hoodwink, lead by the nose, or pull the wool over someone's eyes — you're tricking or fooling them.
Bamboozle may sound like a funny word, but anyone that's ever been bamboozled could tell you it's nothing to laugh about. A bamboozler lies and pretends to be a good guy, all the while plotting to empty your bank account or steal away your promotion. Con men are professional bamboozlers. Some people think advertisers are bamboozlers, since they're constantly trying to trick you into buying something you probably don't need.
WORD FAMILY
bamboozle: bamboozled, bamboozles, bamboozling
USAGE EXAMPLES
Tuesday’s ruling on a Seattle housing policy suggests residents were being bamboozled by the policy equivalent of fake news.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Thankfully, Mississippi’s current Public Service Commission is not the same as the one that was bamboozled.
Washington Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Worst of all, in 2008 milk companies were found to be selling infant milk powder adulterated with an industrial chemical to bamboozle food inspectors.
Seattle Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: vt. <口>欺骗，使迷惑
时态：bamboozled, bamboozling, bamboozles
分布：欺骗(46%)，迷惑(36%)，隐瞒(18%)
→可能来自拟声词，同bomb, 炸弹。形容虚张声势。
informal
verb transitive
■to trick or deceive someone, often by confusing them 愚弄；欺骗
• She was bamboozled into telling them her credit card number. 他们连哄带骗，骗她说出了信用卡号码。
vt. 欺骗；使迷惑
 - sell, fox, kid

Word: beak
Front: beak
[bi:k] (托 11092/10354 -K1)
Vocabulary: beak
(once / 980 pages)
1n 2v
When you see a bird pecking around in your backyard, it’s using its beak to probe the ground for food. A beak is the hard, pointed structure sticking out from a bird’s face.
The word beak refers to the bill on a bird, which protrudes from the face and is used for eating, grooming, and pecking. You can think of it sort of like the mouth of a bird, only it’s made up of hard, horny material rather than flesh. The word beak is sometimes used informally to refer to a person’s nose, especially if the nose is large, prominent, and protruding — in other word, sort of like a bird’s beak.
WORD FAMILY
beak: beaked, beaking, beakless, beaklike, beaks
USAGE EXAMPLES
All true, but those that were non-avian dinosaurs, as they are now called, were not all beak and tweet.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Over tens of millions of years, many evolved toothless beaks like those in today’s birds.
The Guardian(Dec 22, 2016)
The discovery will help explain how the beak, which is so important in the bird kingdom, evolved.
BBC(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. （猛禽等的）嘴，喙; 鹰钩鼻; 地方执法官
分布：鸟嘴(80%)，鸟嘴状物体(10%)，校长(10%)
→词源同peck, 啄，拟声词。
noun countable
BIRD'S MOUTH 鸟喙
 ADVANCED
■the hard pointed part of a bird's mouth （鸟类的）嘴，喙
• Birds use their beaks to pick up food. 鸟用嘴叼食。
[bi:k] noun countable
NOSE 鼻 informal
■a large nose 大鼻子，鹰钩鼻
• He'd be quite handsome if it wasn't for that great beak of his. 要不是长着那个硕大的钩形鼻，他会很英俊的。
[bi:k] noun countable
JUDGE 法官 UK old-fashioned slang
■a judge 法官
n. [鸟] 鸟嘴；鹰钩鼻子；地方执法官；男教师
 - schoolmaster, justice of the peace

Word: arguable
Front: arguable
[ˈɑ:gjuəbl] (23955/15202)
Back: adj. 可辩论的，可论证的
分布：可论证的(63%)，可辩论的(37%)
US ['ɑ:rg-] adjective
■If something is arguable, there could be some disagreement about it 有疑问的；有商榷余地的；可争辩的
• It is arguable which way is quicker. 走哪条路更快，还没有定论。
It is arguable that...
■it is possibly true that 有理由说…
• It is arguable that the government has failed in this respect. 有理由说政府在这个方面失职。
adj. 可论证的；可议的；可疑的
 - demonstrable, suspicious

Word: aubrey

Word: baggy
Front: baggy
[ˈbægi] (10872/12058 -1)
Vocabulary: baggy
(once / 6144 pages)
adj
Baggy clothes are loose-fitting. Sometimes kids wear their pants so baggy that their legs look like toothpicks in a lunch bag. It’s easy to hide in baggy clothes, and they’re usually really comfy.
The adjective baggy describes oversized or roomy clothes. A baggy t-shirt and ripped-up pants probably isn't the ideal outfit for a job interview. You can also talk about baggy skin — you might say that your friend's baggy eyes betray the fact that he stayed up late finishing his English paper. Baggy comes from bag, with its Old Norse root, baggi.
WORD FAMILY
baggy: baggier, baggiest, baggily
USAGE EXAMPLES
The callers said a gunman wearing a hoodie and baggy pants fled the scene.
Washington Post(Dec 18, 2016)
From your junior-high science teacher to the taunted nerds of TV’s teen comedies, sweater vests, with their baggy silhouettes and argyle prints, telegraph schlubbiness.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 14, 2016)
One, there were men inside those baggy uniforms of a team that won its first three games before losing in the quarterfinals.
Washington Times(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 袋状的; 宽松下垂的
级别：baggier, baggiest
分布：宽松的(72%)，袋状的(17%)，宽松而下垂的(11%)
adjective
■(of clothes) hanging loosely because of being too big or having been stretched （衣服）宽大的，宽松下垂的
• baggy trousers 宽松的裤子
• My T-shirt went all baggy in the wash. 我的T恤洗过后变得松松垮垮的。
adj. 袋状的，膨胀的；宽松而下垂的
 - pockety, ventricular

Word: billet
Front: billet
[ˈbɪlɪt] (31112/22554)
Back: n. 兵舍，工作职位
v. 给（部队）安排住处
时态：billetted, billeting, billets
分布：钢坯(50%)，职位(17%)，兵舍(12%)，军营(9%)，短木柴(4%)，分配住宿地(4%)，宿营(4%)
→来自bill, 官方文件。原指部队通过官方文件对居民民宅的临时征用或借宿，后指设营。
noun countable
■a place for especially soldiers to stay in for a short time （尤指士兵的）临时住宿处
• Our billets were about a mile out of town, in a row of farm cottages. 我们的临时住宿处离城一英里远，在一排农舍里。
n. 兵舍；军营；工作职位
 - battalion, barback

Word: blazer
Front: blazer
[ˈbleɪzə(r)] (12889/14891 -1)
Back: n. 燃烧物，燃烧体; （法兰绒的）运动上衣; 传播者，宣传者
分布：运动夹克(79%)，男式便上装(21%)
→来自blaze, 指一种色彩艳丽的红夹克。
US [-zɚ] noun countable
■a type of jacket, often with the symbol of a school or organization sewn on the front pocket and worn as part of a uniform （常在前胸口袋上缝有学校或组织的标志、作制服穿的）轻便外套
• my new/old school blazer 我的新／旧校服
n. 燃烧体；宣布者；颜色鲜明的运动上衣
 - enunciator

Word: bicentenary
Front: bicentenary
[ˌbaɪsenˈti:nəri] (-/34011)
Back: n. 200周年，200周年纪念
adj. 二百周年的
分布：二百周年纪念(78%)，二百周年纪念的(22%)
US [-'ten.ɚ-] (US bicentennial)
noun countable
■the day or year which is 200 years after a particular event, especially an important one; the 200th anniversary 200周年；200周年纪念日
• A statue was erected to mark the bicentenary of the composer's birth. 人们建了一尊塑像，纪念这位作曲家诞辰200周年。
• bicentenary celebrations 200周年庆祝活动

Word: bedraggled
Front: bedraggled
[bɪˈdrægld] (宝 23446/21944)
Vocabulary: bedraggled
(once / 7500 pages)
adj
If you're bedraggled, you're dishevelled, limp, and tired. Many people are a bit bedraggled after a very long plane flight.
New parents who spend much of the night awake with a crying baby often look a little bedraggled, and so do travelers and students during finals week. Bedraggled people who haven't gotten enough sleep and aren't quite as pulled together and polished as they might like to be. It's an 18th century word, from from the now-obsolete verb bedraggle, combining be and draggle, "make wet and dirty" or "lag behind."
WORD FAMILY
bedraggled: bedraggledly+/ bedraggle: bedraggled
USAGE EXAMPLES
Norman was found bedraggled on a pebble beach in St Leonards by a passer-by in September.
BBC(Dec 16, 2016)
Bedraggled civilians—long under siege and without hospitals, since the last one was bombed this fall—fled eastern Aleppo in droves.
The New Yorker(Dec 13, 2016)
For many Cubans, it was the first time they had seen their new leader and his bedraggled guerrilla army.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 被弄得湿淋淋的; 在烂泥中拖脏的; 乱的; 破旧的
v. 弄脏，弄湿，弄皱( bedraggle的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：破旧的(26%)，满身湿透的(25%)，全身泥污的(25%)，荒废的(16%)，动词bedraggle的过去式和过去分词形式.(8%)
→前缀be-, 强调。draggle, 湿的，脏的。
【记】我的记法不是有一点黄，更难登小雅之书！如有文明记法，email。
【参】draggled（adj 又湿又脏的）【九阴真经第八章】以毒攻毒：既然ETS用了如此恶毒的单词，我们就要用一些更恶毒的方法背会他们。既然我们的出发点是好的，那就不要吝啬你的想象力与智慧。我相信大家都是纯洁的，当然，我也是。而且，你会发现：这种单词很难忘掉！！！
adjective
■wet, dirty and untidy 湿漉漉的，脏乱的
adj. 全身泥污的；满身湿透的；荒废的，破烂的
 - obsolescent, duddy

Word: burman

Word: bulawayo

Word: bunting
Front: bunting
[ˈbʌntɪŋ] (22193/24501)
Vocabulary: bunting
(once / 2526 pages)
1n 2n
Bunting is a type of loosely woven fabric with a specific purpose: making flags. When you salute a flag, you're saluting bunting. Who knew?
Bunting is known for two main features: it is loosely woven, and it is used primarily in making flags. Bunting is strong enough to last, but versatile enough to be perfect in making the intricate designs many flags feature. Before it becomes a flag, bunting makes for splendid decoration when hung or draped festively. Bunting is also a synonym for flag.
WORD FAMILY
bunting: buntings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Bunting + Co., which was not named as a defendant.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Why is it, for example, that I don’t note in my journal when I see bluebirds, but only magnolia warblers, indigo buntings and such glitterati?
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
I had not been expecting bunting, but nor had I anticipated ambivalence.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: n. 彩旗; （做彩旗用的）布; （婴儿的）睡袋; <鸟>鹀
v. 顶撞，推，打( bunt的现在分词 )
分布：旗布(59%)，白颊鸟(21%)，婴儿睡袋(10%)，动词bunt的现在分词形式.(10%)
→词源不详。可能来自词根beau, 美丽，见beauty.
US [-tˌɪŋ] noun uncountable
■rows of brightly coloured little flags that are hung across roads or above a stage as decoration for special occasions 彩旗
v. 顶撞（bunt的ing形式）
 - bucking

Word: castrate
Front: castrate
[kæˈstreɪt] (22493/20614 -1)
Vocabulary: castrate
(once / 7505 pages)
vn
To castrate a male animal is to surgically remove its testicles. A veterinarian castrates a male dog to ensure that it can't mate with a female and produce unwanted puppies.
People often choose to castrate pets or farm animals to keep them from reproducing. Castrate is one of several words used to refer to this process; most pet owners prefer terms such as neuter or fix. Castrate comes from a Latin root, castrare, which means not just "to castrate," but also "to prune." The word has also come to mean "to take away strength."
WORD FAMILY
castrate: castrated, castrates, castrating, castration+/castrated: uncastrated/castration: castrations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Traveling to another pasture, the Perrons look out over the barrows, or castrated male pigs, and their American guinea boars.
Washington Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Biton accused the prosecution of “castrating the army” by second-guessing a soldier’s action in the field.
Washington Post(Nov 01, 2016)
He is castrated, turned into a eunuch, and taken to Algiers.
National Geographic(Oct 30, 2016)
Back: vt. 阉割，割除（睾丸，卵巢）; 使丧失力量; 删改（文章等）
时态：castrated, castrating, castrates
分布：阉割(84%)，删除(16%)
→来自PIE *kes, 砍，切，进一步来自sek, 词源同saw, segment。
verb transitive
■to remove the testicles of a male animal or human 阉割，割除（雄性动物或男子的）睾丸
vt. 阉割；删除；去掉最重要的部分；使丧失力量
 - caponize, evirate

Word: booklet
Front: booklet
[ˈbʊklət] (雅 10619/5157 -2)
Back: n. 小册子
分布：小册子(100%)
小册子(book书)[-et表名词"小东西"注:-let=-et表示"小"]
noun countable
■a very thin book with a small number of pages and a paper cover, giving information about something 小册子
n. 小册子
 - tract, pamphlet

Word: bogey
Front: bogey
[ˈbəʊgi] (15162/16352 -1)
Back: n. 妖怪; 可怕的东西; [体]标准打数; 不明飞行物
分布：鼻屎(100%)
→词源同bug, 古义妖怪，见bugbear, 熊怪。
US ['boʊ-] noun
NOSE 鼻子
countable UK (US booger) slang
■a piece of dried mucus from inside the nose 鼻屎
UK ['bəʊ.gi] US ['boʊ-] noun
FEAR 害怕
countable usually singular (also bogie) (bogy)
■something that causes fear among a lot of people, often without reason 引发（常指无理由的）恐惧之物
• the bogey of unemployment 失业的阴霾
UK ['bəʊ.gi] US ['boʊ-] noun
GOLF 高尔夫球
countable
■(in golf) getting the ball into the hole in one shot (= hit) more than par (= the expected number) for that hole （高尔夫球）超一击，博蒂（高于标准杆一杆击入一洞）
UK ['bəʊ.gi] US ['boʊ-] verb transitive
■(in golf) to score a bogey for a particular hole （高尔夫球比赛中）在一洞打出博蒂
• He bogeyed the sixth, but birdied the seventh. 他在第六洞打出超一击，但在第七洞打出博蒂。
n. 妖怪；可怕的人
 - terror, bogy

Word: blissful
Front: blissful
[ˈblɪsfl] (宝 17918/19800 -1)
Vocabulary: blissful
(once / 1590 pages)
adj
If you're blissful, you're happy and at peace. You can never have too many blissful moments.
If you're feeling blissful, then you're lucky. This is a word for total contentment and major happiness, along with a kind of Zen-like peace. Good spa treatments should be totally blissful. Getting an A in math or hitting a home run could make you feel blissful. A perfectly gooey piece of chocolate cake could be pretty blissful. A blissful moment is full of joy and relaxation. Sounds nice, doesn't it?
WORD FAMILY
blissful: blissfulest, blissfully, blissfulness+/ bliss: blisses, blissful /blissfulness: blissfulnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Cycling over gravel – with the odd blissful stretch of asphalt – we were coated in dust and mud, suncream and Vaseline.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
He ends the day “exhausted and blissful,” quoting from “The Man Without a Country,” by Edward Everett Hale, and begins to weep.
The New Yorker(Dec 11, 2016)
They were smiling and carefree with their perfect, blissful lives.
New York Times(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 极快乐的，极幸福的; 充满喜悦的; 有造化的; 极乐
分布：幸福的(79%)，有福的(14%)，极快乐的(7%)
【记】bless（v 祝福）变成现实就会blissful读：不理事ful－什么都不理－幸福的
adjective
■extremely or completely happy 极乐的，极幸福的
• a blissful childhood/holiday 快乐的童年／假日
• We spent a blissful year together before things started to go wrong. 我们在一起渡过了非常幸福的一年，然后问题便开始出现了。
['blɪs.fəl] adjective
in blissful ignorance
■not knowing any of the unpleasant facts about something （对令人不快的事）一无所知
• All the time his business was failing, he kept his wife and family in blissful ignorance. 他的生意一直不景气，但他一直瞒着妻子和家人，不想让他们担心。

Word: cipher
Front: cipher
['saɪfə(r)] (托宝 22546/22793)
Vocabulary: cipher
(once / 944 pages)
1nv 2n 3v
A cipher is the numeral zero or someone without influence or importance. Don't vote your popular classmate to be the student council leader if he or she is actually a cipher, someone who can't do the job effectively.
Cipher comes from the Arabic sifr meaning "nothing" or "zero" and came to Europe as a word along with the Arabic numeral system. As early codes substituted numerals for letters to hide the word’s meaning, codes became known as ciphers. If you crack a cipher, you break the code enabling you to understand the message. An encoded message is also called a cipher. Send one to your friend if you don't want anyone to know what you're saying!
WORD FAMILY
cipher: ciphered, ciphering, ciphers, decipher +/ decipher: decipherable, deciphered, decipherer, deciphering, decipherment, deciphers/decipherable: decipherably, indecipherable, undecipherable/deciphered: undeciphered/decipherer: decipherers/decipherment: decipherments/ indecipherable: indecipherably
USAGE EXAMPLES
During the months that followed, Sisi enjoyed immense popularity, but he seemed intent on remaining a cipher.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
Film and TV are not perfect ciphers or mirrors for society.
Salon(Dec 24, 2016)
It hardly sounds like a universal cipher, the kind of humanist tale that attracts readers over time.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 密码; 零; 不重要的人; 无价值的东西
vt. 用密码书写
时态：ciphered, ciphering, ciphers
分布：密码(78%)，暗号(6%)，计算(6%)，零(5%)，做算术(3%)，将 ... 写成密码(1%)，阿拉伯数字(1%)
→来自阿拉伯语sifr,零，词源同zero.因为古人早期对数字零的认识不足，该词逐渐被赋予神秘 色彩，词义也由零引申为密码。
【参】decipher（v 破译）；encipher（v 译成密码）
US [-fɚ] noun
SECRET LANGUAGE 密语 (also cypher) countable or uncountable specialized
■a system of writing that prevents most people from understanding the message; a code 密码；暗号
• The message was written in cipher. 讯息是用密码写的。
UK ['saɪ.fər] US [-fɚ] noun
PERSON 人
countable formal disapproving
■a person or group of people without power, but used by others for their own purposes, or someone who is not important 为人所利用的小人物；无名小卒；无足轻重的人
• The interim government is a mere cipher for military rule. 过度政府不过是军事统治的一枚棋子。
UK ['saɪ.fər] US [-fɚ] noun
NUMBER 数字
countable US
■a zero 零
• If you have no children, enter a cipher in the space on the form. 如果你没有孩子，在表上的空格里填零。
n. [计] [通信] 密码；暗号； [数] 零
 - password, signal, nothing
vi. 使用密码；计算；做算术
 - figure, cast
vt. 计算；做算术；将…译成密码
 - cast, figure

Word: cherokee
Front: cherokee
[ˌtʃerəˈki:] (9345/44140)
Back: n. 切罗基族（北美易洛魁人的一支）人
分布：切罗基语(100%)

Word: chancellery
Front: chancellery
[ˈtʃɑ:nsələri] (41462/39138)
Back: n. 大臣
分布：名词(100%)
US ['tʃænt.səl.ɚ-] noun countable
■a building or room where a chancellor works or lives, or the people who work in a chancellor's offices 大臣（或总理、大法官等）的官邸；大臣（或总理、大法官等）官邸工作人员
n. 大臣；大使馆；总理之职
 - secretary, embassy

Word: companionship
Front: companionship
[kəmˈpæniənʃɪp] (12816/11684 -1)
Vocabulary: companionship
(once / 745 pages)
n
Companionship is when you feel a sense of closeness being with another person. Your grandmother's companionship with her best friend might keep her feeling young and happy.
You probably experience companionship with your best friend or romantic partner, or maybe even with your siblings. A feeling of fellowship or togetherness is companionship — it's one of the reasons people get married or seek out like-minded friends. The word comes from companion, from the Old French compagnon, "fellow, mate, or friend," rooted in the Late Latin companionem, or "bread fellow," combining com, "with," and panis, "bread."
WORD FAMILY
companionship: companionships+/ companion: companionable, companioned, companioning, companions, companionship / companionable: companionability, companionableness, companionably
USAGE EXAMPLES
There is much good companionship available there, but she mostly chooses to dine alone and to be by herself.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
And just as the hodgepodge music format called for personal guidance, listeners driving for six days on the road needed companionship.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 16, 2016)
Wednesdays, and the monthly Alzheimer’s Café at Frye Café, providing companionship, food and music for people living with dementia, their care partners, family and friends.
Seattle Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 伙伴关系; 友情，友谊
分布：友谊(60%)，陪伴(38%)，交情(2%)
noun uncountable
■the enjoyment of spending time with other people 情谊，友谊
• I lived on my own for a while but I missed the companionship of others. 我一个人生活了一段时间，但很怀念同伴的情谊。
n. 友谊；陪伴；交谊
 - friendship, fellowship

Word: concord
Front: concord
[ˈkɒŋkɔ:d] (宝 25113/26925)
Vocabulary: concord
(once / 3786 pages)
1nv 2nv 3v 4n
A concord is an agreement. If you want to watch a romantic comedy and your date wants to watch a horror film, you might compromise and come to a concord by agreeing to watch an action comedy.
Concord can be used as a verb meaning "to arrange by agreement," but this usage is rare. Much more common is concord used as a noun. The United Nations could work tirelessly to establish a concord between warring nations, or you might even work to establish a concord among the warring factions on your cheerleading team. A concord brings peace and harmony — just like a peace treaty.
WORD FAMILY
concord: concordance, concorded, concording, concords+/ concordance: concordances
USAGE EXAMPLES
May Iraq, Libya and Yemen – where their peoples suffer war and the brutality of terrorism – be able once again to find unity and concord.
Time(Dec 25, 2016)
The autumnal salad, in a yuzu-and-grape dressing, included concord and green grapes, robust greens, shaved melon, radishes and stracciatella cheese.
New York Times(Nov 08, 2016)
These unacknowledged and perhaps unconscious exchanges contribute to our neighborly concord.
The New Yorker(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. 和谐，一致，和睦
分布：和谐(48%)，一致(33%)，和睦(16%)，协约(3%)
→con-, 强调。-cord, 心，词源同heart, cordial. 即同心的，一致的。
协调;协议(con共同＋cord→心一样)[card,cord=heart,表示"心脏,一致"]
【记】con共同，cord心－一条心－和睦
【参】discordant（adj 不和谐的）；accord（v /n 一致，符合）concordant（adj 和谐的＝agreeing＝consonant＝harmonious）
【反】dissonance＝dissension＝schism（n 分裂）；discrepancy（n 相差；差异）；enmity（n 敌意；憎恨）；rancor（n 深仇；怨恨）；contention（n 争夺）
US ['kɑ:ŋ.kɔ:rd] noun uncountable formal
■agreement and peace between countries and people 协调；和谐；和睦
• nations living in concord 和睦相处的国家
Compare discord specialized
■when the words in a sentence match each other according to the rules of grammar, for example when the verb is plural because the subject of the sentence is plural （文法中单复数等的）一致，一致关系
unity, concord, agreement, harmony, accord
这组词都有“和谐、一致”的意思，其区别是：
unity: 指各个成员、各群体之间相互协调一致的关系。
concord: 多指人际、国家间或民族之间协调一致的关系。
agreement: 侧重态度与观点上的一致。
harmony: 指人与人之间或不同部分与整体之间完全协调、和谐、愉快，没有摩擦。
accord: 指思想一致，彼此不矛盾，也指行动上的一致。
n. 和谐；和睦；一致；协调
 - accordance, harmony, unity, peace, agreement, identity

Word: defecate
Front: defecate
[ˈdefəkeɪt] (托 26436/27888)
Back: v. 澄清
vt. 排便
时态：defecated, defecating, defecates
分布：澄清(45%)，排便(37%)，除去污物(12%)，净清(6%)
→de-, 向下，离开。feces, 粪便。引申义排便。
['def.ə.keɪt] formal
verb intransitive
■to pass the contents of the bowels out of the body 排便
vt. 澄清；除去污物
 - clarify, fine down
vi. 排便；澄清
 - bowel movement, fine down

Word: demagoguery
Front: demagoguery
['deməˌgɔ:gərɪ] (23502/-)
Vocabulary: demagoguery
(once / 31104 pages)
n
Demagoguery is an appeal to people that plays on their emotions and prejudices rather than on their rational side.
Demagoguery is a manipulative approach — often associated with dictators and sleazy politicians — that appeals to the worst nature of people. Demagoguery isn't based on reason, issues, and doing the right thing; it's based on stirring up fear and hatred to control people. For example, a politician who stirs up a fear of immigrants to distract from other issues is using demagoguery. Demagoguery is one of the most negative aspects of politics, but it's also one that's all too common.
WORD FAMILY
demagog: demagogs, demagoguery
USAGE EXAMPLES
Both Roof’s violence and Trump’s demagoguery flow from a shared swamp of resentment.
Slate(Dec 15, 2016)
Some of Mr. Perry’s defenders — and even some of his critics — suggest there is more beneath the demagoguery.
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
It Can’t Happen Here isn’t a particularly good novel, though, as the description above suggests, Lewis captured the distinctive tones of US demagoguery.
The Guardian(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: n. 群众煽动，散布谣言，煽动行为
分布：散布谣言(38%)，群众煽动(31%)，煽动行为(31%)
n. 散布谣言；煽动行为；群众煽动
 - talebearing

Word: cremate
Front: cremate
[krəˈmeɪt] (18777/21941 -1)
Vocabulary: cremate
(once / 4815 pages)
v
When you cremate something, you burn it until only ashes are left. The word cremate is most often used to describe the ceremonial burning of dead bodies.
If you burn a grilled cheese sandwich and there is nothing but black ashes left in the pan, you can say you cremated it. Usually, however, people use the verb cremate when they're talking about a practical or ceremonial burning of a body. Many people are cremated after dying, with their ashy remains either buried or scattered in a beautiful place. The Latin root word is cremare, "to burn or consume by fire."
WORD FAMILY
cremate: cremated, cremates, cremating, cremation, crematory+/cremation: cremations/crematory: crematories
USAGE EXAMPLES
At least 14 women - presumably of high status - were identified from cremated remains buried at the site between four and five thousand years ago.
BBC(Dec 29, 2016)
At the funeral home before Mikaya, 24 years old, was cremated, her younger son, Reed, clung to her through the open casket.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 15, 2016)
“This is why Texas will require clinics and hospitals to bury or cremate human and fetal remains.”
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: vt. 火葬，火化; 烧成灰
时态：cremated, cremating, cremates
分布：火葬(100%)
→来自ker, 火，燃烧，词源同carbon, hearth.
US ['kri:.meɪt] verb transitive
■to burn a dead person's body, usually as part of a funeral ceremony 火葬；火化，焚烧（尸体）
vt. 火葬；烧成灰
 - incremate

Word: courtesan
Front: courtesan
[ˌkɔ:tɪˈzæn] (25424/26576)
Vocabulary: courtesan
(once / 4216 pages)
n
From the Renaissance on, European kings and noblemen often kept a courtesan, that is, a woman with whom they had a relationship but were not married to.
The courtesan got her name quite literally from the royal court where she lived. In fact, the term to court, as in to woo someone romantically, comes from the origin. A similar term is concubine, though it has a slightly different meaning. Concubines date from earlier times, to the Biblical era and beyond, and refer to woman who were generally kept far more closeted socially, unlike courtesans, who often had great independence and freedom. Don't confuse your different types of high class girlfriends!
WORD FAMILY
courtesan: courtesans
USAGE EXAMPLES
From a distance, the crowd around her could look like courtesans.
The New Yorker(Nov 09, 2016)
Her father commends her on her portraits of courtesans, but explains that she won’t be able to depict sensuality until she’s experienced it.
Washington Post(Oct 27, 2016)
Courtesans abound in artwork as far back as the 18th century, Mr. Lear said.
New York Times(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: n. （专与高级官员往来的）妓女，情妇
分布：情妇(100%)
→来自court, 宫廷。原指宫廷艺伎。
US ['kɔ:r.tˌɪ-] noun countable
■a woman, usually with a high social position, who in the past had sexual relationships with rich or important men in exchange for money （旧时与富人或要人交往的）高级妓女，交际花

Word: counterintuitive
Front: counterintuitive
[kaʊntərɪn'tju:ɪtɪv] (19363/44673)
Vocabulary: counterintuitive
(once / 32471 pages)
adj
If something is counterintuitive it means it's the opposite of "intuitive" — in other words it's not easily understood in an instinctive, unconscious way. A red light for "go" and a green light for "stop" would be highly counterintuitive, for example.
A classic example of the intuitive/counterintuitive divide can be found in computers: today they're so easy to use a toddler can handle them; early ones were so counterintuitive they remained a head-scratching mystery to all but a few techies. Writing tip: note that counterintuitive is one of those words that used to be commonly hyphenated (like "nonetheless" and "secondhand") but is now generally spelled as a single word.
WORD FAMILY
counterintuitive: counterintuitively+/ intuit: intuited, intuiting, intuition, intuitive, intuits/ intuition: intuitionism, intuitions/intuitionism: intuitionist/ intuitive: counterintuitive, intuitively
USAGE EXAMPLES
This is counterintuitive, because most people start exercising to lose weight.
New York Times(Oct 18, 2016)
If that sounds counterintuitive, think about it another way.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
But rather than honoring his wondrous emotional range, I want to propose something counterintuitive.
Slate(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 违反直觉的
分布：违反直觉的(100%)

Word: damper
Front: damper
[ˈdæmpə(r)] (宝 18613/22032)
Vocabulary: damper
(once / 5270 pages)
n
When you put a damper on something, you restrain it or inhibit it. Putting a damper on things usually means bringing them down — your car troubles might put a damper on your travel plans.
A forecast of afternoon thunderstorms will put a damper on your picnic preparations, and being assigned a long research paper on Friday might be a damper on your weekend free time. More physical kinds of dampers include a device that restrains air in a chimney, by blocking or directing its flow, and a pad that's made to soften or muffle the sound from a musical instrument.
WORD FAMILY
damper: dampers+/ damp: damped, damper, dampest, damping, dampish, damply, dampness, damps/dampish: dampishly/dampness: dampnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
But his anxiety might put a damper on the festivities.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Higher rates tend to put a damper on price growth because they drive up the monthly cost of a mortgage.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 27, 2016)
Higher mortgage rates tend to put a damper on price growth because they drive up the monthly cost of a mortgage.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: n. （钢琴的）制音器; 减震器; （火炉等的）风门; 使人扫兴的人（事）
adj. 潮湿的，不完全干燥的( damp的比较级 )
分布：阻尼器(52%)，减音器(16%)，风阀(16%)，抑制(16%)
→来自damp, 潮湿，引申义减弱，阻挡。
US [-pɚ] informal
noun
put a damper/dampener on sth
■to stop an occasion from being enjoyable 捣乱，搅乱，扰乱
• Both the kids were ill while we were in Boston, so that rather put a damper on things. 我们在波士顿时，两个孩子都病倒了，于是一切都出乱子。
n. [航] [电子] [机] 阻尼器； [车辆] 减震器；气闸
 - silent block, amortisseur

Word: diarist
Front: diarist
[ˈdaɪərɪst] (29751/23523)
Back: n. 记日记者，负日记专责的人，日记作者
分布：日记作者(56%)，日记作家(44%)
noun countable
■someone who is known for writing or having written a diary 日记作者
• Anne Frank was a famous diarist of the Second World War. 安妮‧法兰克是著名的二战日记作者。

Word: dereliction
Front: dereliction
[ˌderəˈlɪkʃn] (宝 25605/18829)
Vocabulary: dereliction
(once / 10965 pages)
n
Dereliction is a word for neglecting responsibilities. Failing to care for your family or do your job are examples of dereliction.
If you are letting things go, you are engaged in dereliction. Not mowing your lawn is an example of dereliction; so is not feeding your children. Someone can be fired for dereliction of duty, meaning they have failed to do their job. Dereliction is the opposite of diligence, a quality of people who are hard-working. It might help you to remember this word if you know that homeless people are sometimes called derelicts, implying that they are not able to care for themselves.
WORD FAMILY
dereliction: derelictions
USAGE EXAMPLES
Donald Trump promised to reverse that dereliction and bring industry back to America.
BBC(Dec 23, 2016)
If the regulations were not enforced, would workers fear being retaliated against for disclosing that dereliction of duty?
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
The Port Authority said Wednesday its commander was reassigned in November after a review and all 44 dereliction cases are pending.
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 无主，抛弃物; 溺职
分布：玩忽职守(83%)，放弃(7%)，海水退后露出的新陆地(5%)，废弃(5%)
noun
FAILURE 失败
countable or uncountable
■(a) failure to do what you should do 疏忽职守，渎职
• What you did was a grave dereliction of duty. 你的所作所为是严重渎职。
[ˌder.ə'lɪk.ʃən] noun
IN BAD CONDITION 坏情况下
uncountable
■(especially of a building) a state of not being cared for （尤指建筑物）荒废；弃置
• The old railway cottages were in a state of dereliction. 那些铁路边的老房子破旧不堪。
n. 玩忽职守；抛弃物；遗弃
 - malpractice, fall asleep at the switch

Word: despatch
Front: despatch
[dɪ'spætʃ] (研六托雅 41259/8487)
Back: n. & v. 派遣
n. 急件
vt. 快递，调遣
vi. 赶紧，匆匆离开
时态：despatched, despatching, despatches
分布：派遣(61%)，迅速处理(18%)，急件(15%)，运送(6%)
n./v.(dispatch)派遣;发送n.急件;新闻报道
noun verb
■ dispatch
vt. 派遣；发送；匆匆吃下
 - mission, beam
vi. 匆匆离开
 - hurry away, vamoose
n. 派遣；发送（等于dispatch）
 - sending, dispatch

Word: dexterity
Front: dexterity
[dekˈsterəti] (宝 18973/18696)
Vocabulary: dexterity
(once / 1443 pages)
n
If you fall asleep with your heavy head on your arm, you might not have the dexterity, or control of your hand, to hit the OFF button on the alarm clock in the morning.
Very small children do well with mittens, because their dexterity, or skill in using their hands, isn’t as developed as in older kids and adults, who wear gloves to separate their fingers. Dexterity helps fingers and hands to coordinate for completing fine tasks like writing, sewing, and playing string instruments. "Mental dexterity" means a sharpness of mind, or skill in thinking creatively and understanding and expressing something quickly and easily.
WORD FAMILY
dexterity: dexterities+/ dextrous: dexterity, dextrously
USAGE EXAMPLES
The metallic digits on this lumbering monstrosity are clearly intended to supplant the dexterity and fine motor control found in the human fingertips.
Salon(Dec 27, 2016)
The freedom of Lloyd’s production was earned by this high level of poetic dexterity.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Not just because they fancy Cumberbatch or get weak knees over that flaunting of mental dexterity.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: n. 灵巧; 熟练; 敏捷; 聪敏
分布：灵巧(67%)，熟练(17%)，机敏(14%)，手艺(2%)
→来自deks,右手，右边，词源同ambidextrous. 引申义灵巧。比较sinister, 原义为左手的。
敏捷(dexter+ity)[dexter=right,表示"右边"]
US [-tˌi] noun uncountable
■the ability to perform a difficult action quickly and skilfully with the hands, or the ability to think quickly and effectively 纯熟，娴熟；灵巧，敏捷
• He caught the ball with great dexterity. 他非常灵巧地接住了球。
• He answered the journalists' questions with all the dexterity of a politician. 他以政治家的娴熟技巧回答了记者们的提问。
n. 灵巧；敏捷；机敏
 - facility, skillfulness

Word: drool
Front: drool
[dru:l] (15812/21477)
Back: vi. 流口水; 对某人或某物流露出痴迷的神情; 痴情地看; 迷恋地看
时态：drooled, drooling, drools
分布：口水(40%)，流口水(30%)，垂涎(17%)，胡说(10%)，胡话(3%)
→来自drivel的拼写变体。
verb intransitive
■to allow saliva (= liquid in the mouth) to flow out of your mouth 流口水，垂涎
• The dog lay drooling on the mat. 狗躺在垫子上流着口水。
• I drooled all over my pillow. 我把枕头上弄得到处是口水。
[dru:l] verb intransitive
  Phrasal Verbs  drool over sb/sth
■to show extreme and sometimes silly pleasure while looking at someone or something 贪婪地看，痴痴傻傻地看
• Roz and I sat by the swimming pool, drooling over all the gorgeous young men. 罗兹和我坐在游泳池边痴痴地看着那些小帅哥。
• I left Sara in the shop drooling over a green silk dress. 我扔下莎拉一个人在商店里着迷地看着一件绿色的丝裙。
[dru:l] noun uncountable
■ saliva which has come out of your mouth uncontrollably （因无法控制而流出的）口水
vi. 流口水；胡说
 - run at the mouth, slobber
n. 口水；梦话，胡说
 - horsefeathers, somniloquence

Word: elated
Front: elated
[iˈleɪtɪd] (雅宝 15102/18999 -1)
Vocabulary: elated
(once / 1847 pages)
adj
If you're elated you aren't just happy — you're over the moon, absolutely excited and bursting with pride. Like the way you feel after winning a scholarship to an Ivy league school or mastering a back handspring.
You might be elated to hear you got that dream job. That is, until you find out it doesn't come with any vacation days or health benefits. But don't let that dampen your elation. Feeling Elated is all about being so extremely proud and overjoyed, and usually happens as a result of an accomplishment. So if you've just achieved something big, feel free to be elated — and enjoy your time on cloud 9.
WORD FAMILY
elated: elatedly+/ elate: elated, elates, elating, elation / elation: elations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Andrew Brunson was elated when Turkey’s Interior Ministry summoned him on Oct.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
Russell Begaye, the president of the Navajo Nation, said Wednesday that his tribe was  “elated” by the designation.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 28, 2016)
“I was elated when the state put the data online, then deflated when I realized the quality of the data was not there,” he said.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 兴高采烈的，得意洋洋的
v. 使兴奋
分布：兴高采烈的(89%)，动词elate的过去式和过去分词形式.(11%)
→e-, 向外。-lat, 承受，兴起，词源同translate, relation. 原指提升的，晋升的，引申义兴奋的。
【记】e出，lat带一带出高兴神态一得意洋洋的el出，ate吃，d：出去吃饭－得意洋洋的
【参】elate（v 使兴高采烈；使得意）
【反】despondent（adj 沮丧的）；hangdog（adj 鬼鬼祟祟的；低贱的）；elate（v 使高兴）－depress（v 使沮丧）『reprobate非难』
US [-tˌɪd] adjective
■extremely happy and excited, often because something has happened or been achieved 兴高采烈的；喜气洋洋的；欢欣鼓舞的
• The prince was reported to be elated at/by the birth of his daughter. 据报道，王子喜得千金。
adj. 兴高采烈的；得意洋洋的
 - high-blown, rapturous

Word: eatery
Front: eatery
[ˈi:təri] (14915/37207)
Vocabulary: eatery
(once / 22774 pages)
n
Use the word eatery when you're talking about a cafe or restaurant. You might stop at a great local eatery for a burger after seeing a movie.
Eatery is a casual or informal word for a place to buy and eat prepared food. A diner is one kind of eatery, and a Chinese restaurant is another. You might have a favorite eatery among all the choices on a college campus, or know of an all-night eatery where you can get a snack at three a.m. Eatery was first used right around 1901, from eat, with its Old English root of etan, "to eat, devour, or consume."
WORD FAMILY
eatery: eateries+/ eat: ate, eatable, eaten, eater, eatery, eating, eats, overeat/eatable: eatables, uneatable/eater: eaters/eating: eatings/overeat: overeating, overeats/uneatable: uneatably
USAGE EXAMPLES
Which led Ken Charney to ask me if the Columbia Heights eatery, awarded 3½ stars in my fall dining guide, is suitable for a vegetarian.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Sunken Hundred, Brooklyn’s first Welsh restaurant, wins the award for friendliest eatery.
The New Yorker(Dec 30, 2016)
County Legislator Chris Higgins, an Albany Democrat, introduced legislation earlier this year that would extend the ban to all eateries that use polystyrene products.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. <美>餐馆，食堂
分布：小餐馆(100%)
→eat, 吃。-ery, 地点。
US [-tˌɚ.ri] informal
noun countable
■a restaurant 餐馆；饮食店
• We met in a little eatery just off the main road. 我们就在大路边的一家小饭馆聚了聚。

Word: divisional
Front: divisional
[dɪˈvɪʒənl] (18912/6685)
Back: adj. 分割的，分开的; 分区的，分部的; [数]除法的; [陆]师的
分布：分割的(56%)，部门的(22%)，师的(22%)
adjective
■relating to a division (= part) of an army or large organization 部门的（常指军队或大型机构）
• the divisional commander/headquarters 小分队指挥官／总部
adj. 分区的；分割的
 - partitioned, segmentary

Word: dungeon
Front: dungeon
[ˈdʌndʒən] (托 17135/16152)
Vocabulary: dungeon
(once / 846 pages)
n
That dank, stone-walled underground prison where wretched prisoners were kept manacled in medieval days? That was a dungeon, otherwise known as the "keep," and most familiar to us today from a million video games and movies.
In fact, the original meaning of dungeon was of something overground rather than underground, coming from the Old French term donjon, meaning the "great tower of a castle," and the underground meaning only came later. Rapunzel in the fairy tale was held captive in a tower rather than an underground cell and if she hadn't been, her long hair wouldn't have been much help in her escape.
WORD FAMILY
dungeon: dungeons
USAGE EXAMPLES
The school calls the gym the Lions’ Den, but many visitors call it the Dungeon and liken playing there to playing hockey inside a box.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Imagine playing old-school Dungeons & Dragons with cards packing this technology — and try not to jump when a Hydra roars on the screen.
Time(Dec 22, 2016)
Dungeons unfold like horror films, each purpose-built and flush with jump-scare deathtraps or freakishly realistic foes that scamper from midnight blackness.
Time(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: n. 地牢
分布：地牢(86%)，土牢(12%)，城堡主塔(2%)
→可能来自拉丁语dominus, 城堡领主，词源同domain. 由该词引申词义城堡地牢，拼写比较同源词danger. 或来自dhengh, 覆盖，引申词义隐蔽的地牢或土牢。
noun countable
■an underground prison, especially in a castle （尤指城堡中的）地牢
n. 地牢，土牢
 - cachot

Word: draught
Front: draught
[drɑ:ft] (25481/8748 -2)
Vocabulary: draught
(once / 472 pages)
1n 2n 3n 4n 5v
If you're chilly, you might close a window that's letting in a draught. Draught is the British spelling of the word draft.
The noun draught is pronounced exactly like draft, and it also shares most of the same meanings. A cold burst of wind, a swig or a serving of a drink, the act of pulling a heavy load, and the depth of a ship below the surface of the water: each of these can be called a draught. It's easy to confuse the British draught with drought, which means "a shortage of rainfall" and rhymes with "out."
WORD FAMILY
draught: draughted, draughting, draughts, draughty+/draughty: draughtiest, draughtily
USAGE EXAMPLES
America fell hard for the Chicago Cubs, who ended their 108-year World Series draught in the most dramatic of fashions.
Time(Nov 23, 2016)
“This world is like a friend with a mortal wound. A bitter draught given quickly only eases pain.”
Patrick Rothfuss, The Name of the Wind(2007)
Sitting in the dark theater, Planet Ant managing director Michael Hovitch calls the few years after Second City closed an “improv draught.”
Washington Times(Aug 15, 2016)
Back: n. 通风; 气流; （船的）吃水深度; 一饮，一口之量
vt. draft的变体; 起草; 征兵; 选派
adj. 汲出的; 拖拉的
分布：一饮(29%)，散装的(21%)，气流(19%)，通风(14%)，药水(9%)，国际跳棋(4%)，拖曳重载用的(4%)
→来自dhragh, 拉，吸出，词源同drag,draw. 引申义通风气流，棋子，喝一口。
US [dræft] noun
COLD AIR 冷空气
countable
■a current of unpleasantly cold air blowing through a room （令人不适的）对流风，穿堂风
UK (ALSO US draft) UK [drɑ:ft] US [dræft] noun
BOATS 船
countable specialized
■the depth of water needed for a boat to be able to float 吃水深度
• A punt has a shallow draught. 平底船吃水浅。
UK (ALSO US draft) UK [drɑ:ft] US [dræft] noun
BEER 啤酒
uncountable
■a system of storing and serving drinks from large containers, especially barrels （啤酒等）桶装的，散装的
• Is the lager on draught or is it bottled? 这种拉格啤酒是散装的还是瓶装的？
UK (ALSO US draft) UK [drɑ:ft] US [dræft] noun
GAME 游戏
draughts uncountable UK (US checkers)
■a game for two people, each with twelve circular pieces which they move on a board with black and white squares 西洋跳棋，国际跳棋
UK (ALSO US draft) UK [drɑ:ft] US [dræft] adjective [before noun]
BEER 啤酒
■(of drinks such as beer) stored in and served from large containers, especially barrels （啤酒等）桶装的，散装的
• draught beer/lager/cider 散装啤酒／拉格啤酒／苹果酒
UK (ALSO US draft) UK [drɑ:ft] US [dræft] adjective [before noun]
ANIMALS 动物
■(of animals) used for pulling heavy loads , vehicles, etc. （动物）供使役用的
• a draught horse 役用马
draught, drought
draught: （draw）n 草拟；
drought: 旱灾
n. 气流；汇票；草稿（等于draft）
 - airstream, slipstream
vt. 起草；征兵；选派（等于draft）
 - prepare, detail
adj. 汲出的；拖拉的（等于draft）
 - dilatory, draggy

Word: dross
Front: dross
[drɒs] (宝 35186/32850)
Vocabulary: dross
(once / 4797 pages)
n
Things that are a total loss — really worthless or damaging — are dross. That gunk between your teeth that comes out when you floss? You could call that dross. No one wants it, and it's harmful if it stays.
While dross is a noun for stuff that's physically left over or useless, like the nonmetallic stuff left when metal gets refined, it's also used for people and forms of art. A really bad movie can be called dross, and a low or despicable person can be dross. Debris, or trash, is another form of dross. "Searching the backyard for unexploded fireworks — the dross of Chinese New Year celebrations — was a tradition for the kids and a safeguard for the dogs."
WORD FAMILY
dross: drosses
USAGE EXAMPLES
And then on page 227: “The voice set in the writing overwhelmed me… It was completely cleansed of the dross of speech.”
The Guardian(Nov 06, 2016)
Yet, even amongst the hours of dross, there was this significant new development.
BBC(Oct 28, 2016)
But for those who do, this mass dosage of unusual offerings is a respite from the glut of predictable Hollywood dross.
The Guardian(Sep 28, 2016)
Back: n. 废料，渣滓; 劣质品; 糟; 熔渣
分布：糟粕(62%)，浮渣(34%)，无价值之物(4%)
→来自dher, 使泥泞，肮脏，词源同dregs. 引申义糟粕，劣质品。
【记】d地，ross＝rose：rose掉地上了，变成了糟粕
【参】dregs（n 渣滓；糟粕）
US [drɑ:s] mainly UK
noun uncountable
■something which has no use or no value 废物，无用之物
• So much of what's on TV is pure dross. 电视上演的多是垃圾。
• We read all the manuscripts but 95% are dross. 我们把所有的手稿都读了一遍，但其中的95%都一无是处。
n. 渣滓； [矿业] [冶] 浮渣；碎屑
 - leaving, dreg

Word: endeavor
Front: endeavor
[ɪn'devə] (研六托 5892/-)
Vocabulary: endeavor
(once / 232 pages)
vn
When you endeavor to do something, you try hard to make it happen. A determined student might endeavor to get straight As on her report card.
"The ordinary objects of human endeavor — property, outward success, luxury — have always seemed to me contemptible," wrote Albert Einstein. Presumably, NASA had loftier objects in mind when they named one of their space shuttles Endeavour, using the British spelling. The word comes from the Old French phrase mettre en deveir, or "put in duty." As a verb, it's a more impressive word than try and suggests you're doing your darnedest to make something happen.
WORD FAMILY
endeavor: endeavored, endeavoring, endeavors
USAGE EXAMPLES
Trivial pursuits don’t follow serious endeavors, they precede them and, crucially, inspire them, even if unintentionally.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Tony Haymaker, owner of Precision Cleaning, said his partnership with the ministry is “probably one of the hardest things I’ve ever endeavored to do.”
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
But these photographs suggest there were moments worth remembering, attesting perhaps to the abiding optimism that resides in artistic endeavor.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 尝试，试图; 尽力，竭力
n. 努力，尽力
时态：endeavored, endeavoring, endeavors
分布：努力(86%)，尽力(12%)，力图(2%)
v./n.(endeavour)努力,尽力,力图We make every endeavor to satisfy the customers.我们尽全力使顾客满意.
n. 努力；尽力（等于endeavour）
 - effort, pain, struggle, trial, try
vi. 努力；尽力（等于endeavour）
 - apply oneself, struggle, labor, strain, try one's best
vt. 努力；尽力（等于endeavour）
 - apply oneself, try one's best

Word: subdivide
Front: subdivide
[ˈsʌbdɪvaɪd] (六托 17117/14799)
Back: vt. 再分，细分
vi. 细分; 再分
时态：subdivided, subdividing, subdivides
分布：细分(90%)，再划分(5%)，分小类(5%)
→sub-,分支，分部，分，divide,分割。
verb transitive
■to divide something into smaller parts 将…再分，将…细分
• Each chapter is subdivided into smaller sections. 每一章又被细分为几个小节。

Word: southeast
Front: southeast
[.saʊθ'iːst] (高研四六 3708/10728)
Back: n. 东南，东南方，（美国）东南部; 东南地区
adv. 在东南; 从东南; 向东南; 来自东南
adj. 东南的; 向东南的; 位于东南的; 东南部的
分布：东南(87%)，东南的(4%)，在东南(3%)，东南地区(2%)，来自东南的(1%)，往东南(1%)，向东南的(1%)，来自东南(1%)
n./a.东南(的),东南部(的)The bird nests only in northeast, northwest, southeast and southwest lest it be found.此鸟只在东北,西北,东南和西南筑巢,以免被发现.
[ˌsaʊθ'i:st] (written abbreviation SE)
noun uncountable
 IMPROVER
■the direction which is between south and east 东南，东南方
• We live in the southeast. 我们住在东南部。
the Southeast
■an area of Britain around London which is considered to be richer than other parts of the country 英国东南部地区（指伦敦周围的富裕地区）
• The Southeast is already overpopulated. 东南地区已经是人口过密了。
[ˌsaʊθ'i:st] (written abbreviation SE)
adjective adverb
■in or towards the southeast 东南（的），在东南方（的）；向东南（的）
• Southeast Asia 东南亚
• The mountains are/lie southeast of the city. 群山位于城市的东南方。
[ˌsaʊθ'i:st] (written abbreviation SE)
adjective
southeast wind
■a wind that comes from the southeast 东南风

Word: spleen
Front: spleen
[spli:n] (托宝 18619/15871 -1)
Vocabulary: spleen
(once / 2240 pages)
1n 2n
The spleen is an organ that's about the size of a fist, located on the left side, just below the ribcage. Don't let its small size fool you. This little organ is very important in helping the body fight infection.
The spleen is responsible for removing old red blood cells and producing and storing a reserve of blood in case the body needs it. It's a little organ, measuring little more than four inches in length. The term "vent your spleen" is one you might see used. It means to vent your anger, as spleen is another word for bad temper or spite.
WORD FAMILY
spleen: spleens, splenetic, splenic+/splenetic: splenetically
USAGE EXAMPLES
It also delayed the deterioration of the animals’ kidneys and spleens and kept their hearts beating at a sprightly pace.
Science Magazine(Dec 15, 2016)
Tyree died from internal bleeding and suffered significant liver and spleen damage.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
Body temperature rises, and immune cells move from the lymph nodes, spleen, the walls of blood vessels, and the bone marrow into the bloodstream.
New York Times(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: n. 脾; 怒气; 怨气
分布：脾(95%)，怒气(3%)，脾气(2%)
→来自拉丁语 splen,来自希腊 splen,来自 spelgh,脾。因中世纪医学理论认为脾是人体怒火 和怒气郁积之所，因而引申词义怒火，怒气。
【记】原指：脾－承担贮存血液、分解旧的血细胞、过滤血液中异物等功能，该器官一度被看作情绪的发源地－坏脾气读：死不吝－什么都不吝－坏脾气
【参】spleenish＝spleenful（adj 脾气坏的）
【反】goodwill（n 善意；亲切）
noun
ORGAN 器官
countable
■an organ near the stomach which produces and cleans the body's blood 脾
[spli:n] noun
ANGER 愤怒
uncountable formal
■a feeling of anger and disagreement 愤怒；不满；愤懑
• mainly UK She threatened, in a fit/burst of spleen, to resign. 她一时恼怒，威胁说要辞职。
• Shareholders used the conference as an opportunity to vent their spleen on (= get angry with) the Board of Directors. 股东们把大会当成了向董事会发泄怒气的机会。
n. 脾脏；坏脾气；怒气
 - crossness, bitchiness

Word: sustenance
Front: sustenance
[ˈsʌstənəns] (托雅宝 14178/18478)
Vocabulary: sustenance
(once / 2167 pages)
n
Sustenance comes from the word sustain, which means to continue. Sustenance is food or drink that allows you to continue to be alive. For many, prayer is a source of spiritual sustenance.
If your chief source of sustenance is candy, you are going to get sick, but you will have a good time while it lasts. In much of the world, rice and beans provide sustenance to human beings. In the US, Native Americans taught Europeans how to grow corn, which turned into a major source of sustenance for their population.
WORD FAMILY
sustenance: sustenances+/ sustain: sustainable, sustained, sustainer, sustaining, sustainment, sustains, sustenance / sustainable: sustainability, sustainably/ sustained: self-sustained, sustainedly/sustainer: sustainers/sustaining: self-sustaining/sustainment: sustainments
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s been quite a day of traveling, and I’m in need of sustenance.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
The cash they send home builds homes, funds small businesses, refurbishes churches and schools, and provides sustenance for multitudes.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 01, 2017)
This threw off the delicate balance between the coral organisms and the algae that provide them sustenance.
Washington Post(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: n. 食物，营养，养料
分布：食物(56%)，营养(30%)，维持生计(14%)
→sustain,维持，保持，-ance,名词后缀。引申词义食物，营养。
生活资料,粮食(sus+ten支撑＋ance→支撑下去的东西→粮食;坚持)[sus-表示"在…下面"]
粮食;支持(sus+ten+ance,sustain的名词)[tain,ten,tin=hold表示"拿住"]
【记】源于：sustain（v 支撑；维持）
【参】sustained（adj 持续不变的）
['sʌs.tɪ.nənts] formal
noun uncountable
FOOD 食物
■food 食物
• During this freezing weather, the food put out by householders is the only form of sustenance that the birds have. 在这种严寒的天气里，住户放在外面的食物成了鸟儿唯一的粮食。
■the ability of food to provide people and animals with what they need to make them strong and healthy 营养
• A stick of celery does not provide much sustenance. 一把芹菜提供不了多少营养。
['sʌs.tɪ.nənts] formal
noun uncountable
SUPPORT 支持
■emotional or mental support 支持，支撑
• When her husband died, she drew sustenance from /she found sustenance in her religious beliefs. 丈夫死后，她从宗教信仰上寻求精神寄托。
n. 食物；生计；支持
 - food, diet, holding, eating, support

Word: deprecation
Front: deprecation
[deprɪ'keɪʃən] None
Back: n. 强烈不赞成，祈免，反对
分布：反对(50%)，祈免(25%)，强烈不赞成(25%)
n. 祈免；贬低；反对
 - opposition, recusation

Word: ghoul
Front: ghoul
[gu:l] (23970/24990)
Vocabulary: ghoul
(once / 6068 pages)
n
A ghoul is an evil demon, ghost, or fiend. On Halloween, the kids dressed as fairies and pumpkins look cute. The kids dressed as ghouls, with fake blood dripping down their faces and hair matted in knots? Not so cute.
The word ghoul originates in the Arabic word “ghul,” which refers to an evil spirit that digs up graves and eats the dead. Some confuse ghoul with the word “gremlin,” but the two are not interchangeable. A gremlin does not gorge on the flesh of the dead; it is more a mischievous imp and troublemaker, famous for causing mechanical difficulties in World War II aircraft.
WORD FAMILY
ghoul: ghoulish, ghouls+/ ghoulish: ghoulishly
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Is that ghoul Giuliani really going to be our attorney general?” she asked .”Though,
The Guardian(Nov 13, 2016)
A number of road closures are in place throughout the city centre, but who needs transport infrastructure when you're a ghost or a ghoul?
BBC(Oct 31, 2016)
Witches and wizards and ghouls - yes, Halloween is upon us.
BBC(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. 食尸鬼; 对凶残之事兴趣浓厚的人; 以他人的苦难为乐的人
分布：食尸鬼(76%)，盗墓者(18%)，以他人的苦难为乐的人(6%)
→来自阿拉伯语。
noun countable
■an evil spirit that eats dead bodies 食尸鬼
informal
■someone who is very interested in death and unpleasant things 从死亡（或恐怖事物）中取乐的人
n. （东方神话中的）食尸鬼；盗墓者；以做恐怖事情为乐者
 - graverobber

Word: ripen
Front: ripen
[ˈraɪpən] (高四六托宝 14750/14908 -1)
Vocabulary: ripen
(once / 736 pages)
v
When fruit becomes ripe and ready to eat, it ripens. Tomatoes will ripen after you pick them, becoming darker red and more juicy.
You can use ripen to talk about the maturing process of all fruits, and some vegetables — apples, peppers, and corn all need to ripen before they're at the perfect, delicious state for being eaten. Figuratively, you can also talk about people this way: "She is really starting to ripen as an actor!" Before ripen was coined around 1560, the verb was ripe, as in, "When the avocados ripe, I'll make guacamole."
WORD FAMILY
ripen: ripened, ripening, ripens+/ ripe: overripe, ripely, ripen, ripeness, riper, ripest, unripe/ripened: unripened/unripe: unripely, unripest
USAGE EXAMPLES
Is he waiting for you to ripen further?
The Guardian(Dec 15, 2016)
Another effort to alter that trade-off is SmartFresh, a product developed with Professor Watkin’s research that keeps apples from ripening too quickly in storage.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
A little over 44 percent of the products — some sold directly by Amazon, others by third parties — were billed as discounted, Ripen said.
New York Times(Apr 13, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. （使）成熟; （使）熟
时态：ripened, ripening, ripens
分布：动词(100%)
→来自 ripe,成熟的，-en,使。
【记】源于：ripe（adj 熟的；成熟的）
verb
intransitive or transitive
■to (cause to) become ripe （使）成熟
• The summer sunshine ripened the melons. 在夏日阳光的照射下，瓜熟了。
• These melons are ripening nicely. 这些瓜马上就熟透了。
intransitive
■to develop to a suitable condition for something to happen 时机成熟；条件成熟
• My plans are ripening - now all I need is official approval. 我的计划就要瓜熟蒂落了——现在就差官方的批准了。
mature, age, develop, ripen
这组词都有“成熟、长成”的意思，其区别是：
mature: 指生物自然发育成熟或丰满或使其能起正常作用，还可指人获得智慧、经验或变得世故。
age: 一般指使人过早成熟，强调已走向衰老。
develop: 侧重使某一种类或个体潜在本能进化完全，词义比mature广泛。
ripen: 侧重已到长生成熟的顶点。
vt. 使成熟
 - age, mellow
vi. 成熟
 - age, mature, flower

Word: rye
Front: rye
[raɪ] (15218/13058 -1)
Back: n. 吉卜赛绅士; 黑麦; 裸麦威士忌酒
adj. 用黑麦制成的
分布：黑麦(92%)，黑麦威士忌酒(7%)，吉卜赛男人(1%)
→来自古英语 ryge,来自 Proto-Germanic*ruig,来自 wrughyo,黑麦。
noun uncountable
■a type of grain, the seeds of which are used to make flour or whisky or to feed animals 黑麦，裸麦；裸麦粒
• rye bread 黑麦面包
■whisky made with rye 黑麦威士忌酒
• a glass of rye 一杯黑麦威士忌酒

Word: rewire
Front: rewire
[ˌri:ˈwaɪə(r)] (24599/25566)
Back: vt. 再接电线，再打电报
时态：rewired, rewiring, rewires
分布：再发电报(67%)，换新电线(33%)
US [-'waɪr] verb transitive
■to put a new system of electric wires into a building or machine 给…重装电线；给…重新配线
• You really should have the whole house rewired - the existing wiring isn't safe. 你真的应该把整座房子的线路都更换重铺——现在用的这些电线很危险。

Word: royally
Front: royally
[ˈrɔɪəli] (26392/40481)
Back: adv. 像王族，庄严地
分布：庄严地(40%)，作为王地(20%)，像王一般地(20%)，极其(20%)
adv. 庄严地；像国王似地
 - solemnly, massively

Word: rinse
Front: rinse
[rɪns] (六托宝 7024/10413 -1)
Vocabulary: rinse
(once / 3273 pages)
1vn 2n
When you rinse something, you run water over it. You probably at least rinse your hands before sitting down to eat, and rinse your dishes afterward.
After shampooing your hair in the shower you need to rinse it, and many recipes call for you to rinse rice before cooking it. You can also rinse your mouth out, either with water or mouthwash. When it's a noun, rinse means the act of rinsing, or a hair treatment: "After the red rinse, you'll barely recognize yourself." Rinse shares the Latin root recens, "fresh or new," with recent.
WORD FAMILY
rinse: rinsed, rinses, rinsing+/rinsing: rinsings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Instead, the scopes are brushed, washed with disinfectants, rinsed and dried in preparation for the next patient.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 20, 2016)
As to the a la carte sides, the collards, waffling between sweet and bitter, were gritty — more thorough rinsing, please!
Washington Post(Dec 10, 2016)
Set the peppers aside for about 10 minutes to cool, then remove and peel the skin — do not rinse.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: vt. 漂洗; 冲洗; 漂净; 冲掉
n. 冲洗; 染发剂; 漂洗
时态：rinsed, rinsing, rinses
分布：冲洗(67%)，清洗(27%)，染发(4%)，柔顺剂(2%)
→来自中古英语 rinsen,冲洗，来自古法语 rinser,冲洗，来自 Proto-Germanic*hrainisona,清洁， 净化，来自 krei,ker,分开，筛选，词源同 riddle,crisis.
【记】吃西瓜之前要rinse rind
verb intransitive or transitive
CLEAN 冲洗
■to use water to clean the soap or dirt from something （用清水）冲洗，涮洗，漂洗
• First apply shampoo to hair and then rinse thoroughly. 先把洗发剂涂抹在头发上，然后冲洗干净。
• There was no soap, so I just rinsed my hands with water/ UK alsounder the tap. 没有肥皂了，所以我只是用自来水冲了冲手。
[rɪnts] verb intransitive or transitive
  Phrasal Verbs  [M] rinse sth out
■to quickly wash the inside of something with clean water 冲洗，涮洗（…的内部）
• I'll just rinse these glasses out and leave them to dry. 我就把这些杯子冲一下，然后晾干。
• She rinses out her mouth every morning to prevent bad breath. 她为除口臭每天早上都漱口。
[rɪnts] noun
countable
■when you use water to get rid of soap or dirt 冲洗；涮洗；漂洗
• He gave the soapy dishes a rinse. 他把满是肥皂沫的盘子冲洗了一下。
• She gave the dirty towel a quick rinse. 她匆匆用水冲了一下脏毛巾。
countable or uncountable
■a substance that gives a temporary colour to the hair 染发剂（使头发暂时呈现某种颜色的一种物质）
• My grandmother had a blue rinse every month. 以前，我的祖母每个月都染一次蓝发。
vt. 漱；冲洗掉；漂净
 - gargle
n. 冲洗；漂洗； [轻] 染发剂；染发
 - irrigation, hair dye

Word: roundup
Front: roundup
['raʊndˌʌp] (14899/28933 -1)
Back: n. 综述，摘要; 集拢，赶拢（家畜等）; 搜捕（犯人），围捕
分布：综述(46%)，围捕(36%)，集拢(18%)
N-COUNT
(尤指电视或广播的)新闻摘要，内容提要
In journalism, especially television or radio, a roundup of news is a summary of the main events that have happened.
例：First, we have this roundup of the day's news...首先来看今天的新闻摘要。
例：We'll also have an election roundup from the streets of New York to the Via Veneto.我们还有从纽约街头到威尼托大街带来的有关选举的新闻摘要。
N-COUNT
(强行对人的)驱集，聚拢，聚集
When there is a roundup of people, they are arrested or captured by the police or army and brought to one place.
例：There are reports that round ups of westerners are still taking place.据报道，强行将西方人驱集到一起的事件仍在发生。
N-COUNT
(强行对动物的)驱集，驱赶，聚集
A roundup is an occasion when cattle, horses, or other animals are collected together so that they can be counted or sold.
例：What is it that keeps a cowboy looking strong, young and ready for another roundup?是什么使牛仔总是看起来强壮又年轻，而且随时能够把牛赶到一起？
n. 综述；集拢；围捕；摘要
 - overview, abstract, summary, brief, resume

Word: hobo
Front: hobo
[ˈhəʊbəʊ] (19995/40339)
Vocabulary: hobo
(once / 6641 pages)
n
Be careful when you call a vagrant or homeless person a hobo — although this is exactly what the word means, it is a somewhat offensive term.
The end of the nineteenth century brought the start of the word hobo in the Western United States. No one is certain where the word came from, although there are a couple of educated guesses. One possible origin is the English word hawbuck, which means "country bumpkin," while another is the common working man's greeting or call during the building of the railroads in the West, ho, boy!
WORD FAMILY
hobo: hoboes, hobos
USAGE EXAMPLES
The defendants include purported Hobos boss Gregory Chester and accused gang hit man Paris Poe.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Jurors are discussing three months of evidence in the racketeering conspiracy trial of six alleged Hobos leaders.
Seattle Times(Dec 27, 2016)
A hobo was living here when I bought the house,” Chapman added.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: n. 流动的失业工人; 无业游民; 流浪者; 漂泊者
分布：流浪汉(59%)，无业游民(20%)，复古流浪包(7%)，过流浪生涯(7%)，流动人口(7%)
→词源不详，可能来自口语ho,boy,召唤工人用语，即小伙子，停下。
US ['hoʊ.boʊ] noun countable (plural hobos or hoboes) US someone who does not have a job or a house and who moves from one place to another 流浪汉，无业游民
n. 流浪汉；无业游民
 - sundowner, Little Tramp
vi. 过流浪生活
 - nomadize

Word: parochialism
Front: parochialism
[pə'rəʊkɪzəm] (29066/36474)
Back: n. 教区制度; 地方观念，眼界狭小
n. 偏狭，狭隘；教区制度；乡土观念；眼界狭小
 - insularity, intolerance

Word: provost
Front: provost
[ˈprɒvəst] (六 19065/21982)
Vocabulary: provost
(once / 1827 pages)
n
A provost is an administrator at a college or university. The provost is very important to the school.
If you go to a middle school or high school, you've probably never heard of a provost. That's because this is a type of high-ranking administrator at a college or university. The provost usually ranks higher than the deans (who head different departments) but not as high as the president of the school. The provost is involved with many important decisions for the school. This word originally referred to a religious leader, and it still carries a lot of authority.
WORD FAMILY
provost: provosts
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr. Etchemendy, the provost, insisted there was no special treatment for athletes or anyone else.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
D’Anieri will resign as provost next June and return to his faculty appointment in the Department of Political Science and the School of Public Policy.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Provost Dr. Leon Wilson was chosen to serve the post on an interim basis.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. （美国某些大学的）教务长; （苏格兰的）市长; （英国某些大学中的）学院院长; 座堂主任
分布：教区长(100%)
→来自古法语provost,来自拉丁语propositus,首长，头领，来自pro-,向前，在前，-posit,放置，词源同position.后用于称呼学院院长或教务长。
US ['prɑ:.vəst] noun countable UK (in some universities) the person in charge of a particular college （某些大学中的）学院院长
• the Provost of King's College, Cambridge 剑桥大学国王学院的院长
US
■an important official who helps to run a college or university （学院或大学的）教务长
n. 教务长；院长；监狱看守
 - Dean, academic dean

Word: preventer
Front: preventer
[prɪ'ventə] (39151/-)
Back: n. 妨碍物
分布：妨碍者(40%)，妨碍物(40%)，阻扰者(20%)
n. 妨碍物；妨碍者；预防物
 - deterrence, interceptor

Word: pulverise

Word: plinth
Front: plinth
[plɪnθ] (宝 30333/15701)
Vocabulary: plinth
(once / 11487 pages)
n
If a building has columns, you can call the platform or base on which a column rests a plinth. The plinth typically lies between the column and the ground.
In architecture, a plinth is one of the basic building elements. While it's most common for a plinth to support a pillar or column, it can also be used as a base or slab underneath a statue, a bust, or a decorative vase, and in engineering a plinth is the support for a dam. The word comes from the Greek root plinthos, "brick" or "squared stone."
WORD FAMILY
plinth: plinths
USAGE EXAMPLES
The flowers are piled on a chartreuse table or plinth; the wall behind them is the color of raw linen.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
David Guetta grinning and thrusting about behind his DJ plinth like the kind of uncle you have to keep an eye on at Christmas.
The Guardian(Nov 18, 2016)
Presented on a white, waist-high plinth, the work consists of an upturned black bowler hat filled with perfume, within which rests a single ripe plum.
The Guardian(Nov 05, 2016)
Back: n. <建>（柱的）底座，基座; （花瓶、塑像等的）底座
分布：底座(65%)，柱脚(35%)
→来自希腊语plinthos,砖，方砖，来自splind,分开，劈开，词源同split,flint.其原义为劈开 石块或石材使成砖块或建筑物，引申词义底座，基座。词义演变比较cement.
【记】p破，lin林，th死：死在破森林里，要把你埋了，放上底座，在放上墓碑。
【区】最下面是plinth，然后是pedestal，最上面是column or statue
noun countable
■a square block, especially of stone, on which a column or a statue stands （柱子或雕像的）底座，柱基
n. [建] 柱基；底座
 - column base, mount

Word: promising
Front: promising
[ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ] (研四六托雅 3844/4669 -2)
Vocabulary: promising
(once / 327 pages)
adj
Promising things are encouraging or hopeful — they give you every sign that they'll be successful in the future. A promising early spring hints that the rest of the season will be warm and full of flowers.
A promising ballet dancer is young, but off to a very talented start. If you pick up a novel in a bookstore and the first few pages look promising, you'll probably buy it. Promising things are full of promise, "an indication that something will occur." The Latin root is promittere, "put forth," from pro-, "forward," and mittere, "send."
WORD FAMILY
promising: promisingly, unpromising +/ promise: promised, promisee, promiser, promises, promising, promisor, promissory /promised: unpromised/promiser: promisers/promisor: promisors/ unpromising: unpromisingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
However, Carr suffered a broken leg in a Week 16 game against Indianapolis, sending Oakland’s promising season into a tailspin.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Walker is promising a “sizeable increase” in funding for K-12 public schools, raising the state-imposed limits on school district spending.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
This was the second year under General Manager Scot McCloughan, and there were some promising signs.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
Back: adj. 有前途的; 有希望的; 光明; 有为
分布：有前途的(59%)，有希望的(41%)
→来自promise,承诺，保证。比喻用法。
a.有希望的,有前途的The promising singer underwent mysterious misery.那位有前途的歌手遭受了神秘的痛苦.
US ['prɑ:.mɪ-] adjective
 ADVANCED
■Something which is promising shows signs that it is going to be successful or enjoyable 有希望的；有出息的；有前途的
• They won the award for the most promising new band of the year. 他们赢得了该年度最有前途新进乐团奖。
• "How's your new venture going?" "It's looking quite promising." “你的新事业进展得如何？”“看起来相当不错。”
• It's a great restaurant but it doesn't look at all promising from the outside. 这间餐厅棒极了，不过从外面看可一点都看不出来。
Opposite unpromising
adj. 有希望的，有前途的
 - likely, hopeful
v. 许诺，答应（promise的现在分词形式）
 - undertaking

Word: straggle
Front: straggle
[ˈstrægl] (宝 20279/20783)
Vocabulary: straggle
(once / 792 pages)
vn
To straggle is to wander in an indirect, meandering way. Lions often go for the small antelopes that straggle behind the herd.
To straggle is to veer from a route, or to wander aimlessly behind everyone else. If you plan to go to the movies but end up at a store and then a friend's house, you straggled. Straggling is a type of digressing — to straggle is to get sidetracked. In the military, straggling often means to stay on leave too long or be in the wrong position for a battle. When people straggle, they've gone off-course.
WORD FAMILY
straggle: straggled, straggler, straggles, straggling, straggly+/straggler: stragglers/ straggling: stragglingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
After the San Jose rally in early June, protesters bullied and spat on straggling Trump supporters.
The New Yorker(Jul 04, 2016)
In these senses, Torres-García, who became a cantankerous old man in a straggling white beard and a long overcoat, was a model Latin American.
Economist(Oct 20, 2016)
That very day, three Sudanese migrants had straggled into Breil’s tiny town hall.
New York Times(Oct 04, 2016)
Back: vi. 蔓延; 散漫; 落伍; 落后
时态：straggled, straggling, straggles
分布：蔓延(40%)，掉队(32%)，分散(14%)，散乱分布(7%)，散乱的一群(7%)
→词源不详，可能最终来自 stere,展开，词源同 straw,strew,stratum,structure.-le,表反复。引 申词义蔓延，蔓生，并用于指士兵偏离队伍，落伍，掉队等。
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to move or spread untidily and in small numbers or amounts 四散，散落
• I tie my hair up because I don't like it straggling down my back. 我把头发扎了起来，因为我不喜欢它披散在背上。
• A year after the hurricane, tourists are beginning to straggle (= come in small numbers) back to the region. 飓风过去一年之后，又开始有游客零星地来到这个地区游览。
vi. 迷路；落伍，掉队；四散，蔓延
 - lose oneself, lose one's way

Word: stiletto
Front: stiletto
[stɪˈletəʊ] (18996/23022)
Vocabulary: stiletto
(once / 7870 pages)
n
A killer in an old British mystery novel might carry a stiletto — a long, sharp, needle-like knife that's used for stabbing.
Whether denoting a small dagger, a high heel, or sharp-pointed tool, this word from Italian always means business. It follows the rule, reliable ninety percent of the time, when doubts arise about spelling Italian imports: the double consonant follows the accented syllable. The root is the Latin word stilus, which means "pointed writing instrument."
WORD FAMILY
stiletto: stilettos
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her hair was in a low ponytail; she wore bright red lipstick and black stiletto pumps.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
She wore a black cocktail dress and silver stilettos.
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
The poster of a nurse holding a bloodied stiletto would appear patronising and sexist to many people today.
BBC(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 短剑; 细高跟鞋; 打眼锥
分布：细高跟鞋(67%)，小剑(33%)
→来自意大利语 stiletto,小词形式于 stilo,短剑，匕首，来自拉丁语 stilus,尖刺，书写工具，词 源同 style,stylus.引申词义细高跟。
【记】读：still来偷－我已经有了stiletto，你还still来偷我的东西。
US [-'le.oʊ] (plural stilettos)
noun countable
■a woman's shoe with a narrow high heel 细高跟女鞋
• She was wearing a short skirt and stilettos. 她穿着短裙和细高跟鞋。
• stiletto heels 细高跟
n. 匕首；小剑；细高跟女鞋
 - knife, coutel

Word: specialism
Front: specialism
[ˈspeʃəlɪzəm] (-/16397)
Back: n. 专门，专攻
分布：专长(62%)，专攻(30%)，专业领域(8%)
noun
countable UK (US specialty)
■a subject that someone knows a lot about 专业；专长
• His specialism is tax law. 他的专业是税法。
uncountable
■limiting study or work to a few subjects （学科的）专业化，专门化
• I don't think too much specialism in schools is a good idea. 我认为在学校不宜学得过专。
n. 专长；专攻；专门研究
 - metier

Word: truism
Front: truism
[ˈtru:ɪzəm] (宝 19792/20366)
Vocabulary: truism
(once / 6267 pages)
n
Here's a truism for you: Only people who look up words they don't know can expand their vocabularies. Did you find that statement obvious, boring, and saying nothing new or interesting? That's the perfect description of a truism.
Sometimes truisms can be mistaken for factual statements. In fact, despite their seeming obviousness, they are usually opinions. Many people who look up words in the dictionary don't improve their vocabularies, as much as they'd like to. Another truism: You get what you pay for. Well, a lot of the time, sure, but not always. That's why the word bargain was invented.
WORD FAMILY
truism: truisms+/ true: trued, truely, trueness, truer, trues, truest, truing, truism, truly, truth, untrue/ truth: truthful, truths, untruth/truthful: truthfulest, truthfully, truthfulness, untruthful/untrue: untruely, untruest, untruly/untruth: untruths/untruthful: untruthfully, untruthfulness
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I confess I am on a mission to dismantle certain truisms . . . about nature, nurture, genes, twin studies, and the ‘hardwired’ brain,” she writes.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
Chatter about Israeli-Palestinian negotiations is nothing but a truism, equally applicable to the U.S. and Canada, or to any nations resolving trivial border disputes.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 26, 2016)
In a longer review of the book, Gates explains Brown's core argument, a leadership truism many will recognize.
Washington Post(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: n. 自明之理，老生常谈
分布：老生常谈(50%)，自明之理(50%)
→true,真实的，事实的，-ism,主义，思想。
不言自明的真理[tru=true,表示"相信,真实"]
【记】tru＝truth，ism－真理
noun countable
■a statement which is so obviously true that it is almost not worth saying 自明之理，不言而喻的话
• As far as health is concerned, it's a truism that prevention is better than cure. 就健康而言，预防胜于治疗，这是不言而喻的。
n. 自明之理；老生常谈；老套；众所周知；真实性
 - authenticity, axiom

Word: bumpkin
Front: bumpkin
[ˈbʌmpkɪn] (28582/37672)
Back: n. 土包子，乡下佬
分布：乡巴佬(56%)，土包子(36%)，=bumkin.(8%)
→bump, 同beam, 树干。-kin, 小词后缀。
['bʌmp.kɪn] (also country bumpkin) informal disapproving
noun countable
■a person from the countryside who is considered to be awkward and stupid 乡下人，土包子
n. 土包子，乡巴佬
 - bumkin, jaap

Word: collectivism
Front: collectivism
[kəˈlektɪvɪzəm] (26570/25156)
Vocabulary: collectivism
(once / 12904 pages)
n
Collectivism is a political theory associated with communism. More broadly, it is the idea that people should prioritize the good of society over the welfare of the individual.
Collectivism — so closely related to the word collection — has to do with political theories that put the group before the individual. In a collectivist system, power should be in the hands of the people as a whole, not in the hands of a few powerful folks. Collectivism is the opposite of individualism. Ideally, in a collectivist society, decisions benefit all the people. This is a difficult idea to put into practice, as seen in the attempted collectivist society of Soviet communism.
WORD FAMILY
collectivism: collectivisms, collectivist, collectivistic+/ collect: collectable, collected, collectible, collecting, collection, collective, collector, collects, recollect / collected: collectedly, self-collected, uncollected/collectible: collectibles, uncollectible/collecting: collectings/ collection: collections/ collective: collectively, collectives, collectivise, collectivism, collectivize/collectivise: collectivisation, collectivised/collectivist: collectivists/collectivistic: collectivistically/collectivization: collectivizations/collectivize: collectivization, collectivized, collectivizing/collector: collectors/ recollect: recollected, recollecting, recollection, recollective, recollects/ recollection: recollections
USAGE EXAMPLES
How chilling are the resonances with Nineteen Eighty-Four – and particularly the passages from “The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism” read by Winston Smith.
The Guardian(Jan 02, 2017)
But raising awareness of the horrors of collectivism is rarely in style among American pop stars.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 14, 2016)
Although there were significant achievements, notably in healthcare and education, Castro’s idealistic brand of state socialism, anti-capitalist collectivism and emancipatory struggle ultimately foundered.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: n. 集体主义
分布：集体主义(100%)
→来自collect, 收集，集中。
US [-tə-] specialized
noun uncountable
■a theory or political system based on the principle that all of the farms, factories and other places of work in a country should be owned by or for all the people in that country 集体主义；集体主义制度

Word: computerisation

Word: ess
Front: ess
[es] (-/48032)
Back: n. S字母，S字形之物
分布：雌性的(30%)，字母S(28%)，-ess: suf.(14%)，女的(14%)，母的(14%)

Word: eureka
Front: eureka
[juˈri:kə] (14852/24368)
Back: int. （因找到某物，尤指问题的答案而高兴）我发现了，我找到了
分布：找到了! 有了！(100%)
→来自were, 找到，词源同heuristic. 可能进一步来自wen, 追寻，渴求，词源同 Venus,wish, win. 据说最早来自古希腊物理学家阿基米德，国王给他一顶金冠让他判断是否纯金，阿基米德苦思不得，一次在泡澡时通过浮力原理找到了方法，因而大喊该词。
often humorous
exclamation
■used to show that you have been successful in something you were trying to do （成功做到某事时发出的欢呼）我发现了，我找到了，我成功了
• "Eureka!" she shouted as the engine started. “我成功了！”随着引擎的发动她欢呼起来。

Word: eternally
Front: eternally
[ɪ'tɜ:nəlɪ] (15450/18922)
Back: adv. 永恒地，常常，不绝地
分布：永久地(60%)，不朽地(40%)
ADJ
永久的;永恒的;永远的
Something that is eternal lasts for ever.
例：Whoever believes in Him shall have eternal life.所有相信上帝的人都会获得永生。
例：...the quest for eternal youth.对永葆青春的追求
ADJ
无休止的;没完没了的
If you describe something as eternal, you mean that it seems to last for ever, often because you think it is boring or annoying.
例：In the background was that eternal hum.背景音是没完没了的嗡嗡声。
ADJ
（真理、价值、问题等）永恒的，不朽的
Eternal truths, values, and questions never change and are believed to be always true and to be relevant in all situations.
例：...the eternal truths of the Indian subcontinent.印度次大陆的永恒真理
例：...the eternal question.永恒的问题
adv. 永恒地；不朽地
 - perpetually, immutably

Word: engraving
Front: engraving
[ɪnˈgreɪvɪŋ] (托 12231/14993)
Vocabulary: engraving
(once / 757 pages)
n
Engraving is the art or technique of carving designs into a surface. You'll find engraving on stationary, wedding rings, and even on tombstones.
Some engraving results in an etched object, like a piece of jewelry or silverware. Other engraving is done on a metal plate, which is then used to print an illustration, design, or even paper money. You can call the design or resulting print an engraving as well. The word, from the verb engrave, combines the prefix en-, "in or into," and the now-obsolete grave, "to carve."
WORD FAMILY
engraving: engravings+/ engrave: engraved, engraver, engraves, engraving /engraver: engravers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ms. Bower is applying the same self-taught method that is largely how she approaches engraving.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
There’s no shortage of engravings and paintings that illustrate what Lower Manhattan looked like in colonial times.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Visiting the premises is like walking into an engraving.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 版画; 雕刻（作品）; 雕刻艺术; 镌版术
v. 在（硬物）上雕刻（字，画等）( engrave的现在分词 ); 将某事物深深印在（记忆或头脑中）
分布：雕版(67%)，镌版术(17%)，动词engrave的现在分词.(8%)，雕刻的画(8%)
noun
uncountable
■the activity of engraving 雕刻（术）；雕刻工作）
countable
■a picture printed onto paper from a piece of wood or metal into which the design has been cut 版画；雕版印刷品
n. [轻] 雕刻；雕刻术；雕刻品
 - carving, sculpture

Word: extrasolar
Front: extrasolar
[ˌekstrə'səʊlə(r)] (23645/-)
Back: adj. （存在于或来自于）太阳系以外的
分布：太阳以外的(100%)
太阳系以外的(extra+solar太阳的)[extra-表示"以外的,超过的"]

Word: feeler
Front: feeler
[ˈfi:lə(r)] (24142/33615)
Back: n. （昆虫的）触须，对他人观点或反应的试探
分布：试探(43%)，触角(42%)，试探者(15%)
US [-lɚ] noun countable usually plural
■one of the two long parts on an insect's head with which it touches things in order to discover what is around it （昆虫的）触角，触须
UK ['fi:.lər] US [-lɚ] noun countable usually plural
put out feelers
■to make informal suggestions as a way of testing other people's opinions on something before any decisions are made （作决定前）试探
n. [动] 触角；试探；试探者；厚薄规
 - fishing, antenna

Word: figurative
Front: figurative
[ˈfɪgərətɪv] (宝 12006/20849 -1)
Vocabulary: figurative
(once / 1919 pages)
1adj 2adj
When speech or writing is not literal, it is figurative, like when you say you have a ton of homework. You don't really have 2000 pounds of homework, do you? Also, when art depicts a figure from life it is figurative, like a figurative drawing of a dancer.
The adjective figurative comes from the Old French word figuratif, which means “metaphorical.” Any figure of speech — a statement or phrase not intended to be understood literally — is figurative. You say your hands are frozen, or you are so hungry you could eat a horse. That's being figurative. In art, figure means "human or animal form," so a figurative drawing might show horses running across a field.
WORD FAMILY
figurative: figuratively, nonfigurative+/disfiguration: disfigurations/ disfigure: disfiguration, disfigured, disfigurement, disfigures, disfiguring/disfigurement: disfigurements/figuration: figurations/ figure: disfigure, figuration, figurative, figured, figureed, figurer, figures, figuring, prefigure, subfigure/figurer: figurers/figuring: figurings/prefiguration: prefigurations/ prefigure: prefiguration, prefigurative, prefigured, prefigures, prefiguring
USAGE EXAMPLES
Two main classes of figurative language, Pope argued, were responsible: “the Magnifying” and “the Diminishing.”
The New Yorker(Dec 31, 2016)
“In Cuba, I did sculpture which was figurative.”
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
She created a figurative art wall, a sea of faces on a white wall.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 比喻的; 修饰多的; 象征的; 呈现的
分布：比喻的(89%)，象征的(11%)
→来自figure, 比喻。
比喻的(figure形体,用形象比喻)[-arive表形容词."有…倾向(性质)的"]
【记】figure（n 外形；轮廓；数字vt 描绘；象征），ative－象征性的－比喻的－比喻用得多－文风华丽的
【反】literal（adj 文字的；照字面上的；无夸张的）
US [-ɚ.ə.tˌɪv] adjective
LANGUAGE 语言 (written abbreviation fig.)
■(of words and phrases) used not with their basic meaning but with a more imaginative meaning （词或短语）比喻的
• Of course, she was using the term 'massacre' in the figurative sense. 当然，她是在用“屠杀”这个词的比喻义。
Compare literal
UK ['fɪg.ər.ə.tɪv] US [-ɚ.ə.tˌɪv] adjective
ART 艺术
■(of a painting, drawing, etc.) representing something as it really looks, rather than in an abstract way （油画、素描等）形象的，具象的
adj. 比喻的；修饰丰富的；形容多的
 - tralatitious, parabolical

Word: exigency
Front: exigency
[ˈeksɪdʒənsi] (20509/20315)
Vocabulary: exigency
(once / 1756 pages)
n
Think of a mix of excitement and emergency, and you have exigency, a sudden, urgent crisis. The very word conjures up danger and intrigue that demand a cool head and an immediate effort at a solution.
The meaning of exigency is obvious from its source, the Latin noun exigentia, which means "urgency" and comes from the verb exigere, meaning "to demand or require." An emergency situation, or exigency, is urgent and demands immediate action. Our lives are filled with exigencies, both large and small, from a child stuck in a tree to lightning striking your house to catastrophic river flooding. Each is an exigency — it's all a matter of perspective.
WORD FAMILY
exigency: exigencies+/ exigent: exigency
USAGE EXAMPLES
The architect who planned the museum also designed Israel’s nuclear reactor; such is the overlap between culture and political exigency in the country.
New York Times(Oct 20, 2016)
That, though, would be to misunderstand the exigencies of a Spanish title race.
New York Times(Sep 21, 2016)
Over the decades, the highway has attracted American Dreamers of various circumstances and exigencies.
Washington Post(Sep 08, 2016)
Back: n. 急切的需要，危急
分布：紧急(80%)，迫切需要(20%)
→词源同exact, 精确的。引申义没有余地，紧急，迫切。
['ek.sɪ.dʒənt.si] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■the difficulties of a situation, especially one which causes urgent demands 紧急状况；危急关头
• the exigencies of war 战争的紧要关头
• Economic exigency obliged the government to act. 经济形势岌岌可危，政府被迫采取行动。
n. 紧急；紧急事件
 - urgency, emergencies

Word: federate
Front: federate
[ˈfedəreɪt] (44505/41832)
Back: vt. & vi. （使）结成联邦
时态：federated, federating, federates
分布：同盟的(33%)，联邦制度下的(27%)，联合的(22%)，结盟(9%)，使联合(9%)
US [-ə.reɪt] verb intransitive or transitive
■to join to form a federation （使）组成同盟；（使）结成联邦
adj. 同盟的；联邦制度下的；联合的
 - linked, joint

Word: fillet
Front: fillet
[ˈfɪlɪt] (宝 10721/15841 -1)
Vocabulary: fillet
(once / 2917 pages)
1nv 2n 3n 4v 5n
A fillet is a specially cut piece of meat or fish. If you order a fillet of salmon at a restaurant, it won't have any bones in it.
You can eat a fish fillet or a fillet of beef — either one will be boneless. If you cut a fillet yourself, you fillet the meat. The oldest meaning of the noun fillet, one that's rare today, is "a ribbon worn around the head." It comes from the French filet, the diminutive form of fil, or "thread." The meat meaning came from the technique of tying it with a string before it was cut.
WORD FAMILY
fillet: filleted, filleting, fillets, filletted, filletting
USAGE EXAMPLES
Kashiba’s Crispy Rex Sole not only includes dainty fried fillets of fish but also the deep-fried skeleton, a crisp, salty, delicious bonus.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Divide between four shallow bowls and top each serving with a warm salmon fillet, skin side down, and a drizzle of the cooking juices.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
Authorities say Fitz stabbed a woman employed by the bank with a fillet knife while demanding cash.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 肉片，鱼片; 头带，带状物; [建]平缘，木摺; [纹章学] 筋鞘
vt. 用带缚或装饰; 把（鱼、肉）切成片
时态：filleted, filleting, fillets
分布：束发带(51%)，切片(33%)，鱼片或肉片(16%)
→来自拉丁语filum,线，词源同 filament. 因这种鱼片用丝线穿在一起而得名。
【记】fill＝fili丝，et小－束发带
['fɪl.ɪt] UK (US filet)
noun countable or uncountable
■a piece of meat or fish without bones 无骨肉片；去骨鱼片
• a piece of cod fillet 一片鳕鱼片
• fillet of plaice 鲽鱼片
• small trout fillets 小鳟鱼片
• fillet steak 无骨牛排
• fillet of beef 去骨牛肉
['fɪl.ɪt] UK (US filet)
verb transitive
■to cut a piece of meat or fish from the bones 从骨头上切下（肉片或鱼片）；把（肉或鱼）切成片
n. 鱼片；头带； [建] 平边；饰线
 - filet, tenia
vt. 用带缚；把…切成片
 - slice up

Word: fay
Front: fay
[feɪ] (-/21282)
Back: n. 小仙子
v. 接合
分布：紧密连接(50%)，仙子(25%)，小精灵(25%)
n. 小仙女；妖精
 - peri, sprite
vi. 接合
 - interosculate
vt. 接合
 - cement, piece, joint, coaptate

Word: gait
Front: gait
[geɪt] (托宝 10206/15414 -1)
Vocabulary: gait
(once / 1007 pages)
n
Some people have a very distinct gait, or manner of walking or running, which allows you to recognize them from far away.
Walking with two legs is a pretty straightforward task, so most of us (with the exception of runners) don’t think about our own gait very often. However, when four legs are involved, the definition of gait becomes more complex. In horseback riding, gait is used to refer to the particular sequence or pattern of footsteps that the horse is using. Well-known gaits include the trot, the gallop, and the canter.
WORD FAMILY
gait: gaits
USAGE EXAMPLES
The old man walking shakily in the parking lot summoned an image of Semnani supporting his own mother’s wobbly gait during her last months.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
Afterward, they examine patients with gait issues and assess their balance, stance and step.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The rest is left to Alec Baldwin: the puckered lips, a studied lumbering gait and a wariness of humanizing a man he reviles.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 步态，步法; [印，纺]花纹循环; （走，跑等的）速度
vt. 训练（马的）步法
分布：步态(86%)，步法(14%)
→来自ghe, 走，词源同go. 即走的姿势。
【记】拼：改他－改变他的步伐，因为他的步伐象猪一样。
noun countable formal
■a particular way of walking 步态；步履
• He walked with a slow stiff gait. 他走起路来步履缓慢而僵直。
■the particular way a horse walks or runs （马）奔跑或行走的方式
• The pony's gait slowed from a canter to a trot. 小跑着的小马放慢了速度。
n. 步法，步态
 - pace, footwork

Word: gemstone
Front: gemstone
['dʒemstəʊn] (托 24589/33530)
Back: n. 经雕琢的宝石
分布：经雕琢的宝石(67%)，=gem.(33%)
n. （经雕琢的） [宝] 宝石
 - gem, precious stones

Word: footwork
Front: footwork
[ˈfʊtwɜ:k] (21687/21097)
Back: n. 步法，要跑腿的工作
分布：步法(89%)，策略(7%)，要跑腿的工作(2%)，熟练的操作(2%)
→即跳舞，踢球等的脚法，步法，引申词义策略，手腕。
US [-wɝ:k] noun uncountable
■the way in which the feet are used in sports or dancing, especially when it is skilful （尤指运动、舞蹈中巧妙的）步法，脚步动作，脚上功夫
• And that's a marvellous bit of footwork there from Ponti as he takes the ball from Garcia. 庞蒂从加西亚脚下把球截下来的脚法实在是太精妙了。
n. 步法；需跑腿的工作；策略
 - strategy, device, pace

Word: foreword
Front: foreword
[ˈfɔ:wɜ:d] (宝 20134/15723)
Vocabulary: foreword
(once / 5702 pages)
n
Many students tend to skip the foreword at the beginning of a long novel, or go back and read it later.
Use the noun foreword for an introduction that comes at the start of a book. A foreword is usually written by someone other than the author and it gives information about the critical reception of the book, personal history of the author, or some other extra detail of interest to the reader. The word foreword combines fore, "before, or first" and word, and it's closely connected to the German word for "preface," Vorwort.
WORD FAMILY
foreword: forewords
USAGE EXAMPLES
This foreword is titled “In Search of Kathleen Collins,” yet Ms. Alexander writes almost entirely about herself.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
The images will be accompanied by a written foreword and captions written by the model and social media star.
BBC(Nov 29, 2016)
As Fusilli says in his foreword, “The clenched fist of fate gives some of the music world’s bad guys the cosmic beating they deserve.”
Washington Post(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: n. 前言，序（言）
分布：前言(69%)，序(31%)
US ['fɔ:r.wɝ:d] noun countable
■a short piece of writing at the beginning of a book, sometimes praise by a famous person or someone who is not the writer （书籍的）前言，序言
n. 序；前言
 - prolegomena, perface

Word: garfield
Front: garfield
[ˈgɑ:ˌfi:ld] (-/24082)
Back: 加菲尔德（男名，亦译：葛菲尔德）
分布：男子名）(50%)，加菲尔德（新泽西东北部城市(50%)

Word: gotcha
Front: gotcha
[ˈgɒtʃə] (-/34451)
Back: n. <口>我已经得到你
分布：我明白了(50%)，这下抓住你了(50%)
US ['gɑ:tʃ-] slang
exclamation
■said to mean 'I have got you' in order to surprise or frighten someone you have caught, or to show that you have an advantage over them （为了吓人或表示占了上风时的用语）抓住你了，逮住你了，赢了你了

Word: grassy
Front: grassy
[ˈgrɑ:si] (六 10102/12106 -1)
Back: adj. 长满草的; 草绿色的
级别：grassier, grassiest
分布：长满草的(63%)，草绿色的(26%)，像草的(11%)
US ['græs.i] adjective
■covered with grass 覆盖着青草的；长满青草的
• a grassy slope/hillside 长满青草的坡地／山坡
adj. 长满草的；草绿色的
 - herby

Word: goalpost
Front: goalpost
[ˈgəʊlpəʊst] (29521/21627)
Back: n. （足球、曲棍球的）球门柱
分布：门柱(100%)
US ['goʊl.poʊst] (also post) (UK also upright)
noun countable
■in some sports, one of the two vertical posts, often painted white, which are connected with a crossbar to form a goal 球门柱
UK ['gəʊl.pəʊst] US ['goʊl.poʊst] (also post) (UK also upright)
noun countable
move the goalposts UK informal disapproving
■to change the rules while someone is trying to do something in order to make it more difficult for them 改变规则，改变条件（使某人为难）
• We'd almost signed the contract when the other guys moved the goalposts and said they wanted more money. 我们几乎就要签合同了，可就在这时对方那些人又出了难题，说他们要加价。
n. [船] 球门柱；门柱
 - gate post, door post

Word: gent
Front: gent
[dʒent] (19117/11939 -1)
Back: n. 先生; 绅士; 男子; 男厕所
adj. 优美的; 雅致的
分布：绅士(100%)
noun
countable old-fashioned
■a gentleman (= polite man who behaves well towards other people, especially women) （尤指对女士）彬彬有礼的男士，有教养的男人；君子
the gents UK only singular [+ sing/pl verb]
■a public toilet for men 男厕所
n. 绅士；假绅士；男子；男厕
 - Senes, gemman

Word: gherkin
Front: gherkin
[ˈgɜ:kɪn] (41175/35064)
Back: n. 腌食用小黄瓜，嫩黄瓜
分布：腌食用小黄瓜(58%)，西印度黄瓜(42%)
→来自荷兰语。
US ['gɝ:-] noun countable
■a small type of cucumber (= long thin green vegetable) which is often pickled (= kept in vinegar) （做泡菜用的）小黄瓜
• a pickled gherkin 醋泡小黄瓜

Word: gladiator
Front: gladiator
[ˈglædieɪtə(r)] (宝 22393/20832)
Vocabulary: gladiator
(once / 2305 pages)
n
In ancient Rome, gladiators fought each other in front of an audience. Though these fights were called "games," they often ended in the death of one of the gladiators.
Although they were celebrated in art and applauded for their strength and fighting skill, it wasn't easy to be an ancient Roman gladiator. They were essentially slaves who were forced to fight, sometimes being matched against wild animals or criminals. While the gladiator games may seem horrible to us today, they lasted almost a thousand years. The word gladiator comes from the Latin gladius, or "sword."
WORD FAMILY
gladiator: gladiatorial, gladiators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Or maybe a gladiator, he said, now that he’s been to the Colosseum in Rome.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
After Oliver Reed died in the middle of shooting Gladiator, Ridley Scott similarly used digital renderings of the actor’s face to complete the missing scenes.
The Guardian(Dec 16, 2016)
Their new Minority Leader is Charles Schumer, a veteran gladiator, a sound-bite factory but a true pal to Wall Street.
Seattle Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. <史>斗剑士，格斗士
分布：角斗士(89%)，与野兽搏斗者(11%)
→来自kel, 砍，切，词源同clone, claymore.
角斗士(gladi剑+ator)[-ator表名词,通常由ate结尾的动词而来,"做事的人或物]
角斗士(gladi剑→用剑斗)[-or表名词"人或物器",在一些词根前写成"-ator"]
【记】源于gladius（n 古罗马军队的短剑）glad高兴，ia病，tor人：一生病就高兴的人－角斗士，因为不用殊死搏斗了
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable
■in ancient Rome, a man who fought another man or an animal, usually until one of them died, for public entertainment （古罗马）斗剑者
n. 斗剑者；古罗马公开表演的格斗者；争论者
 - disputer, controversialist

Word: handkerchief
Front: handkerchief
[ˈhæŋkətʃɪf] (高研四六 8487/6708 -1)
Vocabulary: handkerchief
(once / 273 pages)
n
A handkerchief is a square of fabric that you can use to blow your nose. You can also tuck a handkerchief in the breast pocket of a suit, or wear it tied jauntily around your neck.
You can call a handkerchief a "hanky," or just a kerchief, although this more often means "a square piece of cloth worn as a head covering." This last part of handkerchief comes from the Old French couvrechief, literally meaning "cover head," from couvrir, "cover," and chief, "head." So a handkerchief is a similar cloth held in the hand — to mop your brow or wipe your eyes.
WORD FAMILY
handkerchief: handkerchiefs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Brown’s handkerchief was to be laid atop her, while Albert’s was merely to be included in the large collection of burial accouterments.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
We even fight about the creatures I drag home, things I find, most often, on my walks and wrap up in a handkerchief.
The New Yorker(Dec 17, 2016)
“It’s the best funeral ever. Look at us. No one is crying, everyone is happy, no need for handkerchiefs. It’s a party,” Garcia said.
Seattle Times(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: n. 手帕; 方巾，围巾
分布：手帕(96%)，围巾(3%)，方巾(1%)
→hand,手，kerchief,头巾，围巾。引申词义手帕。
n.手帕The handy left-hander left a handsome handkerchief on the handle of the handbag.手巧的左撇子把一方漂亮手帕留在手提包的提手上.
US [-kɚ-] noun countable (plural handkerchiefs or UK ALSO handkerchieves) (informal hankie, hanky)
■a square piece of cloth used for cleaning the nose or drying the eyes when they are wet with tears 手帕
• She took out her handkerchief and blew her nose loudly. 她掏出手帕大声地擤鼻涕。
Compare tissue
n. 手帕；头巾，围巾
 - hanky, noserag

Word: hairdressing
Front: hairdressing
['heədresɪŋ] (37125/14824)
Back: n. 理发; 做发; 理发业; 美发剂
分布：美发(71%)，理发(29%)
n. 美容；美发；理发
 - facial, beauty treatment

Word: guidebook
Front: guidebook
[ˈgaɪdbʊk] (11804/12943)
Back: n. 旅行指南
分布：旅行指南(81%)，参考手册(19%)
['gaɪd.bʊk] (also guide)
noun countable
■a book which gives information for visitors about a place, such as a city or country 旅行指南
• a guidebook to Montreal 蒙特利尔旅游指南
n. 旅行指南；指导手册
 - baedeker

Word: groupthink
Front: groupthink
['gru:pθɪŋk] (37813/-)
Back: n. （委员会、董事会等对一专题的）集体考虑，集体审议
分布：集体审议(100%)

Word: hedonistic
Front: hedonistic
[ˌhi:də'nɪstɪk] (26668/23393)
Vocabulary: hedonistic
(once / 39663 pages)
adj
A hedonistic person is committed to seeking sensual pleasure — the type of guy you might find in a massage parlor or at an all-you-can-eat buffet.
This term — along with the related words hedonist and hedonistic — is derived from the Greek word hedone, "pleasure." The Cyreniacs taught that physical gratification is superior to the mental satisfaction offered by anticipation and remembrance. That's why hedonistic folks revel in pleasure, and demand it in the present tense.
WORD FAMILY
hedonistic: hedonistically+/ hedonism: hedonist, hedonistic / hedonist: hedonists
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Sanctuary is a good balance between hedonistic and healthy.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
They also embraced the hedonistic rock lifestyle with gusto.
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
He starts in Greece, where a hedonistic night life coexists alongside a refugee crisis.
New York Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: adj. 快乐主义者的
分布：享乐的(100%)
享乐主义的(hedon愉快+istic)[-istic表形容词,由-ist+ic构成,表示"…的"]

Word: hellas

Word: hind
Front: hind
[haɪnd] (11869/11882 -1)
Back: adj. （常指动物腿）后面的; 在后的; （通常与can或could连用）唠叨不停; 滔滔不绝
n. 雌鹿; 石斑鱼; <古>乡下人; <英>有经验的农场工人
分布：后部的(33%)，雌鹿(28%)，石斑鱼(21%)，在后的(18%)
→来自Proto-Germanic*hind,后面，词源同behind.进一步可能来自ken,使运动，移动，词源同cinema,conation,kinetic.即运动准备，后腿发力，引申词义后面的，后腿的。
adjective [before noun]
■at the back of an animal's body （动物）身体后部的
• a hind leg 后腿
[haɪnd] noun countable (plural hinds or hind) mainly UK a female deer, especially a red deer 母鹿；（尤指）雌赤鹿
hind, backward, behind, back
这组词都有“在后，向后”的意思，其区别是：
hind: 指成对并且分前后的东西的“后面的”。
backward: 可用于人或物，指向后的，落后的或迟钝的。
behind: 指一物同它物相对的位置或场所。
back: 作为副词或形容词时，强调所修饰物的位置以及动作运动方向。
adj. 后部的
 - retral, rearend

Word: hardwood
Front: hardwood
[ˈhɑ:dwʊd] (8979/15396 -1)
Back: n. 硬（木）材，硬木树; 双子叶植物的木材; 双子叶树
分布：硬木(74%)，阔叶树(12%)，硬木的(6%)，硬木材(5%)，硬木制成的(3%)
US ['hɑ:rd-] noun countable or uncountable
■strong heavy wood or the tree it comes from 硬木材；硬木 Compare softwood
n. 硬木，硬木材； [植] [林] [木] 阔叶树
 - ironwood, broadleaf

Word: hoarder
Front: hoarder
[hɔ:də(r)] (33792/43194)
Back: n. 囤积者，贮藏者
分布：囤积者(62%)，贮藏者(38%)

Word: indigo
Front: indigo
[ˈɪndɪgəʊ] (17930/24165 -1)
Back: n. 靛蓝，靛蓝染料; 靛蓝色; [植]槐蓝属植物
adj. 靛蓝色的
分布：靛青(80%)，紫蓝色(20%)
→来自希腊语indikon,印度进口的蓝色染料，词源同India.
US [-goʊ] adjective noun countable or uncountable
■(having) a bluish purple colour 靛蓝色（的）
n. [染料] 靛蓝，靛蓝染料；靛蓝色；槐蓝属植物
 - thumb blue, anil

Word: housekeeping
Front: housekeeping
[ˈhaʊski:pɪŋ] (雅 14891/9634 -1)
Back: n. 家务，家政; （工商企业等的）总务; 家务管理; 家用开支
分布：家务(83%)，持家(13%)，动词housekeep的现在分词形式.(4%)
→比喻用法。
N-UNCOUNT
料理家务;家政管理
Housekeeping is the work and organization involved in running a home, including the shopping and cleaning.
例：I thought that cooking and housekeeping were unimportant, easy tasks.我认为做饭和料理家务微不足道，一下子就能搞定。
N-UNCOUNT
（旅馆的）客房勤杂
Housekeeping is the part of the organization of a hotel which deals with keeping the rooms clean and properly equipped.
N-UNCOUNT
家务开支;家用钱
Housekeeping is the money that you use to buy food, cleaning materials, and other things that you need in your home.
例：...the housekeeping money Jim gave her each week.吉姆每周给她的家用钱
n. 家政；家务管理；家用开支
 - homemaking, husbandry

Word: indolence
Front: indolence
['ɪndələns] (29464/34370)
Vocabulary: indolence
(once / 1762 pages)
n
If your boss catches you sleeping with your head on your desk, she's likely to comment on your indolence. Indolence is another word for laziness.
The noun indolence means a habit of laziness, especially when avoiding work. In the 1600s, indolence was mostly used to mean "insensitivity to pain," from the Latin indolentia, "freedom from pain." About 100 years later, indolence came to have its current meaning, possibly because of the phrase "taking pains," which means "being careful." If you are so careful that you never leave the house, people might think of you as lazy.
WORD FAMILY
indolence: indolences+/ indolent: indolence, indolently
USAGE EXAMPLES
My body is visibly off kilter, a symbol for lethargy, lack of self-regulation, ill health, indolence.
New York Times(Oct 12, 2016)
“From his infancy, I have discovered an almost unconquerable disposition to indolence in everything that did not tend to his amusements,” the founding father wrote.
Washington Times(Sep 17, 2016)
The chamber’s record of cronyism, indolence and scandal since then has not improved its reputation.
Economist(Aug 11, 2016)
Back: n. 懒惰; 好逸恶劳; 懒散; 无痛
分布：怠情(100%)
懒惰(in不+dole+ence→[失败]不知道悲伤→懒惰)[dole=grieve,表示"悲伤"]
n. 懒散，懒惰；无痛
 - idleness, lassitude

Word: immolation
Front: immolation
[ˌɪmə'leɪʃn] (36785/-)
Vocabulary: immolation
(once / 21969 pages)
n
Immolation is what happens when something is killed or offered as a sacrifice. In some ancient societies immolation of animals was a common ritual used to gain favor with the gods.
Immolation comes from the Latin word immolat-, meaning “sprinkled with sacrificial meal.” Immolation always involves a sacrifice or offering of some sort. The word often invokes burning, a common method of sacrifice. You might read about the immolation of a group who set themselves on fire to protest political oppression. You can also use it figuratively to describe anything that’s sacrificed, like the immolation of your Hollywood dreams for the good of the family farm.
WORD FAMILY
immolation: immolations+/ immolate: immolated, immolates, immolating, immolation
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr. Mayhew, interviewed before the event, said the subjects should not take their immolation personally.
New York Times(Nov 06, 2016)
Afghanistan faces serious human rights issues, including physical and sexual violence against women and so-called honor killings that often involve immolation.
Seattle Times(Jul 18, 2016)
Juno’s immolation will avoid any possibility of contamination in the future.
Economist(Jun 30, 2016)
Back: n. 供奉牲礼，牺牲，祭品
分布：牺牲(40%)，供奉牲礼(30%)，祭物(30%)
n. 祭物，供奉牲礼；宰杀，祭品
 - offering, sacrifice

Word: induct
Front: induct
[ɪnˈdʌkt] (宝 14759/33644)
Vocabulary: induct
(once / 1002 pages)
1v 2v
Induct is what groups do when they formally accept new members, like the honor societies that, every school year, induct students who meet the qualifications.
When you induct someone into a group, you formally welcome him or her as a member. The word is typically used to describe official acceptance of a position or admittance into an organization, such as a professional society. It can also be used to describe someone who has formally enrolled in the military. Don't use it for informal joining, though — you wouldn't induct a new friend or be inducted at the gym where you have just started a membership.
WORD FAMILY
induct: inducted, inductee, inducting, induction, inductive, inducts+/inductee: inductees/ induction: inductions, self-induction/ inductive: inductively
USAGE EXAMPLES
In 2007, he was inducted into the Hall of Fame.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2004.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
They will be formally inducted into the Opry on March 11.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Back: vt. 使正式就任
时态：inducted, inducting, inducts
分布：使入门(60%)，使入伍(20%)，使就职(20%)
→来自induce,引导，诱使。引申词义引进，就职，入伍。
引导;传授(in进入+duct→引进→引导)[duc,duct=lead,bring,表示"引导,带来"]
【记】in里面，duct引导－引入一种组织里面－使就职
【参】viaduct（n 高架桥；高架铁路）
[ɪn'dʌkt] formal
verb transitive
■to introduce someone formally or with a special ceremony to an organization or group, or to beliefs or ideas 使正式就任；正式吸收…为会员；使入门；传授
• Li Xiannian was inducted into the Politburo in 1956. 李先念于1956年进入政治局。
vt. 引导；感应；使…就职；征召入伍
 - aim, boot

Word: knob
Front: knob
[nɒb] (研四六雅 7863/9973 -1)
Vocabulary: knob
(once / 1323 pages)
n
You can use the word knob for any bump or bulge, like the egg-shaped knob on your head after you bumped it on the door knob.
Along the same likes as a bulging lump or protuberance, a knob is also a handle that juts out and is round shaped. The knobs on your dresser might be glass or porcelain, while the knobs on your kitchen cabinets could be made of chrome. There are also the knobs, or controls, on your old fashioned TV or radio, and the knob that's basically a lump or hunk, like a knob of butter.
WORD FAMILY
knob: knobbing, knobby, knobs
USAGE EXAMPLES
He suggests pewter, like the Nanz Company’s knobs at right, as another refined alternative.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
"The lasers we use now have only one knob, and it's 'on,'" Monroe says.
Science Magazine(Dec 01, 2016)
So Mr. Obama turned the knob and gently pushed his way inside.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: n. 球形把手; （收音机等的）旋钮; 小块; 疙瘩
v. 鼓起; 使有球形突出物; 给（门等）装球形把手
分布：旋钮(52%)，把手(28%)，节(11%)，瘤(7%)，圆丘(2%)
→来自中古英语knobbe,来自Proto-Germanic*kunppo,泥块，木块，来自gen,压，捏，成团，词源同knead.引申词义门把手，旋扭，疙瘩等。
n.门把,(球形)把手,旋纽Snobbish Knob is doing his hobby in the lobby.势利的球形门柄正在大堂里做他的嗜好.
US [nɑ:b] noun countable
ROUND OBJECT 球体
 ADVANCED
■a round handle, or a small round device for controlling a machine or electrical equipment 球形把手；（机器等的）旋钮
• a brass door knob 铜质的门把手
• Turn/Twiddle the little knob to adjust the volume. 转动小旋钮来调节音量。
 ADVANCED
■a round lump on the surface or end of something 球形突出物
UK [nɒb] US [nɑ:b] noun countable
AMOUNT 数量
■a small amount of something solid, especially butter （尤指奶油）小块
• Put a knob of butter in the frying pan. 在煎锅里放一小块奶油。
UK [nɒb] US [nɑ:b] noun countable
BODY PART 身体部位 UK offensive
■a penis 阴茎
UK [nɒb] US [nɑ:b] noun countable
and the same to you with (brass) knobs on UK old-fashioned humorous
■used to return an insult forcefully to someone who has insulted you 你更是如此（用于反语上，互相讥讽）
UK [nɒb] US [nɑ:b] noun countable
with (brass) knobs on UK
■If you describe something as a particular thing with knobs on, you mean it has similar qualities to that thing but they are more extreme 尤其突出；还不止于此；有过之而无不及
• Disney World was like an ordinary amusement park with knobs on. 迪士尼乐园简直就是个超级娱乐公园。
n. 把手；瘤；球形突出物
 - handle, node
vi. 鼓起
 - summon up, belly

Word: infiltrator
Front: infiltrator
[ˈɪnfɪltreɪtə(r)] (29987/37626)
Back: n. 渗透者，渗入者
分布：渗透者(54%)，渗入者(46%)
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable
■a person who secretly becomes part of a group in order to get information or to influence the way the group thinks or behaves 卧底人员
• The infiltrator was identified and killed. 那个卧底人员身分暴露后被杀害了。
n. 渗入者，渗透者
 - penetrator

Word: meteorology
Front: meteorology
[ˌmi:tiəˈrɒlədʒi] (托雅宝 23122/26125)
Vocabulary: meteorology
(once / 2255 pages)
n
When the weather man tells you it's going to rain today, he is giving a meteorology report, or weather forecast. Meteorology is the study of our atmosphere.
Meteorology comes from the Greek meteōrologia meaning "of the atmosphere." While meteorology involves various branches including aviation and agricultural studies, most commonly we see it in our everyday lives through weather forecasting, a process that involves collecting data about an atmosphere to determine what the weather will be. If you're fascinated by storms and hurricanes, consider a career in meteorology.
WORD FAMILY
meteorology: meteorologic, meteorological, meteorologies, meteorologist+/meteorologic: meteorologically/meteorologist: meteorologists
USAGE EXAMPLES
“There’s a tremendous amount of nervousness in the meteorology and climatology community,” Mass said.
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Therefore, some labs immediately began building internal expertise in “nuclear meteorology.”
Salon(Dec 28, 2016)
It is geology, ecology, meteorology, economics, and many other disciplines rolled into one.
Slate(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: n. 气象学
分布：气象学(93%)，气象状态(7%)
→来自meteor,大气现象，-logy,学说。即气象学。
气象学(meteor陨石,引申为气象+o+log+y)[log=science,表示"科学,学科"]
【记】meteor（n 流星；大气现象），ology
【区】meter（n 米；韵律；节奏）
US [-tˌi.ə'rɑ:.lə-] noun uncountable
■the scientific study of the processes that cause particular weather conditions 气象学
n. 气象状态， [气象] 气象学
 - aerography, meteorological optics

Word: jebel
Front: jebel
['dʒebl] None
Back: n. <阿>山，高山
分布：高山(100%)
n. （阿）高山；山（时常作阿拉伯地方名字用）
 - alp, high mountain

Word: kantar

Word: multibillion

Word: moneymaking

Word: monsieur
Front: monsieur
[məˈsjə:] (-/7429)
Back: n. 先生，绅士
分布：名词(100%)

Word: moralistic
Front: moralistic
[ˌmɒrəˈlɪstɪk] (宝 20811/23667)
Back: adj. 说教的; 道学的; 道德家的; 注意道德的
分布：说教的(75%)，狭隘道德观的(25%)
→来自moralist,道学家。引申词义说教的。
道学气的(moral道德)[-istic表形容词,由-ist+ic构成,表示"…的"]
【记】源于：moral（adj 道德的；精神的；n 道德）
US [ˌmɔ:r-] adjective disapproving
■Someone or something that is moralistic judges people by fixed and possibly unfair standards of right and wrong and tries to force or teach them to behave according to these standards 道学的，说教的
• Drug addicts need sympathetic, not moralistic, treatment. 吸毒成瘾者需要的是富有同情心的对待，而不是说教。
adj. 说教的；道学的；道德家的；注意道德的
 - didactic, homiletic

Word: ogaden

Word: oxymoron
Front: oxymoron
[ˌɒksɪˈmɔ:rɒn] (19468/-)
Vocabulary: oxymoron
(once / 53970 pages)
n
Jumbo shrimp? Open secret? Use oxymoron to refer to a word or phrase that contradicts itself, usually to create some rhetorical effect.
When Shakespeare's Juliet says, "Parting is such sweet sorrow," she is using an oxymoron; her apparently self-contradictory turn of phrase actually makes a neat kind of sense. Oxymoron is sometimes used to describe a word combination that strikes the listener as humorously contradictory, even if the speaker didn't intend it that way — perhaps the most famous example is "military intelligence." The word oxymoron is itself an oxymoron; in Greek, oxy- means "sharp" or "wise," while moros means "foolish."
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
paradox / oxymoron
A paradox is a logical puzzle that seems to contradict itself. No it isn't. Actually, it is. An oxymoron is a figure of speech — words that seem to cancel each other out, like "working vacation" or "instant classic."
A paradox makes your brain hurt because it seems like something is true and false at the same time. M.C. Escher's "Relativity" is a visual paradox. The floor is the ceiling! Part of the fun of a paradox is figuring out if it really is one. How about this one: A father and son get in a car wreck and the father dies. The son goes to the hospital, but the doctor says, "I can't operate on him. He's my son." Confused? Ha! Not a paradox, though — the doctor is his mom. Here's a paradox by William Wordsworth, "The child is father of the man." Check out the word in action:
"He seemed to absorb the baffling paradoxes of quantum theory with ease." (Big Science)
"The answer, for Muji, is a neat paradox, like a Zen koan: massive minimalism through perpetual growth." (New Yorker)
Oh jumbo shrimp of the world, we're not calling you morons. You're oxymorons! The word itself is an oxymoron, a contradiction. It comes from the Greek oxys for "sharp" and moros for "stupid." Sharply stupid. Oxymorons gone mild wild:
"This article proves that good economic news is an oxymoron." (New York Times)
"The ultimate oxymoron: I was once invited to an agoraphobic convention," he said. (Washington Post)
Both are contradictions, but a paradox is something to think on, and an oxymoron is a description, enjoyed in the moment then gone.
WORD FAMILY
oxymoron: oxymora, oxymorons
USAGE EXAMPLES
And the poor survivor — not an oxymoron here — will catch hell just for being alive.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Liberals often dismiss “rightwing feminism” as an oxymoron because it focuses on individual achievement over structural change.
The Guardian(Dec 09, 2016)
“And somehow make it feel very grounded and real–like a realistic musical? Or is that an oxymoron?”
Time(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 矛盾形容法，逆喻
分布：矛盾修饰法(100%)
→来自希腊语oxymoron,敏锐的傻瓜，来自oxys,锐利的，敏锐的，moron,傻瓜。后语言学家借用该词来表达矛盾修辞法。
【记】o是坐标中心，x是x轴，y是y轴，moron：坐标中的xy轴是相互矛盾的
US [ˌɑ:k.sɪ'mɔ:r.ɑ:n] noun countable
■two words used together which have, or seem to have, opposite meanings 矛盾修辞法，逆喻

Word: ostracism
Front: ostracism
[ˈɒstrəsɪzəm] (宝 25511/35297)
Vocabulary: ostracism
(once / 10059 pages)
n
If you banish someone from society, you've caused that person's ostracism. Quakers, for example, faced ostracism by Puritans in colonial Massachusetts and many of them fled to the nearby colony of Rhode Island.
Ostracism comes from the Greek word ostrakon, a broken shard of pottery. Athenians used pieces of pottery as a paper substitute in an annual vote in which citizens chose to banish someone from Athens for a period of ten years. The banished person had to leave (or face death) but was allowed to keep his property and could return when his ostracism was up. The vote was often used to get rid of potential tyrants and political rivals.
WORD FAMILY
ostracism: ostracisms
USAGE EXAMPLES
But with the rise of far-right parties in other European countries, a government that included the FPÖ would probably not face such ostracism.
Economist(Dec 08, 2016)
That ostracism, the Hungarian leader crowed, would soon change.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 02, 2016)
The baroness’s reputation as an anti-Semitic conspiracy theorist has earned her notoriety but never ostracism.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. （古希腊）贝壳流放法; 放逐，排斥
分布：排斥(69%)，放逐(18%)，流放(13%)
→来自拉丁语ostracismus,排斥，驱逐，来自希腊语ostrakon,骨片，瓦片，贝壳，来自ost,骨头，词源同oyster,osseous.来自古希腊某时期雅典城邦每年举行一次的民意调查，民众将他们认为的应该被驱逐的人的名字写在瓦片或贝壳片上，得票最多的人将被驱逐出雅典城而外流浪10年。某种程度上体现了一种民主的暴力。
n. 排斥；放逐；贝壳流放法
 - exclusion, repulsion

Word: obfuscate
Front: obfuscate
[ˈɒbfʌskeɪt] (宝 26473/38472)
Vocabulary: obfuscate
(once / 21297 pages)
v
Some people are experts at obfuscating the truth by being evasive, unclear, or obscure in the telling of the facts. The people who are good at obfuscating would include defense lawyers and teenagers asked about their plans for Saturday night.
Although the verb obfuscate can be used in any case where something is darkened, less clear, or more obscure, it is most frequently used in reference to things like ideas, facts, issues, or the truth. The usual implied meaning is that this obfuscation is done deliberately. Politicians often obfuscate the truth about the issues to win support for their positions so they can win elections.
WORD FAMILY
obfuscate: obfuscated, obfuscates, obfuscating, obfuscation +/ obfuscation: obfuscations
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The idea is to obfuscate and confuse people about it being a government entity.”
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
But this subtler issue is obfuscated, not clarified, by arguing about “autonomous” systems.
Slate(Dec 02, 2016)
These wild narratives are a way to obfuscate the sad realities they face.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: vt. 使模糊，使混乱; 使糊涂
时态：obfuscated, obfuscating, obfuscates
分布：使困惑(42%)，使模糊(33%)，弄暗(25%)
→ob-,在上，表强调，-fusc,黑的，词源同dusk.即使变黑的，引申词义混淆，模糊。
混淆;弄黑暗[fusc=dark(黑的)]
【记】ob，fusc＝fuse导火索，ate吃：在吃的上面插导火索－使困惑
【反】elucidate（v 阐明）；illuminate（v 照明；阐明）；explain clearly（清楚解释）；clarify（v 澄清）；
US ['ɑ:b.fə.skeɪt] formal
verb transitive
■to make something less clear and harder to understand, especially intentionally （尤指故意）使模糊，使糊涂，使困惑
• She was criticized for using arguments that obfuscated the main issue. 她被批评使用了混淆主要问题的论点。
vt. 使模糊；使迷乱；弄暗
 - fog, befog

Word: oncoming
Front: oncoming
[ˈɒnkʌmɪŋ] (13788/19226)
Vocabulary: oncoming
(once / 6205 pages)
adjn
If you're standing on the tracks and a train is heading right for you, it's oncoming. Quick, jump out of the way!
You'll almost always find the adjective oncoming describing a vehicle or other large object that's moving fast in your direction, whether it's an oncoming car, oncoming traffic, or an oncoming skateboarder who doesn't see you standing there. Much less often, oncoming means "imminent" or "upcoming:" "The oncoming summer holidays were something to look forward to."
WORD FAMILY
oncoming: oncomings
USAGE EXAMPLES
The driver of the vehicle lost control, swerved into oncoming traffic and was struck by an eastbound SUV.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Herrin said Hill saw an oncoming vehicle pull into his lane on U.S.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Montes says Gallon lost control of her car, crossed a median and drove into oncoming traffic.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 迎面而来的，即将到来的
分布：即将到来的(42%)，接近(29%)，接近的(29%)
US ['ɑ:n-] adjective [before noun]
■moving towards you or coming nearer 迎面而来的；即将到来的
• The car veered onto the wrong side of the road and collided with an oncoming truck. 这辆车突然驶入逆行道，跟迎面而来的一辆货车相撞了。
• There seemed to be no way of averting the oncoming crisis. 似乎没有办法避免即将到来的危机。
adj. 即将到来的；接近的；新兴的
 - coming, emerging, rising
n. 来临，接近
 - approach, neighborhood

Word: orchid
Front: orchid
[ˈɔ:kɪd] (托宝 9332/10152)
Back: n. 兰花
分布：兰花(88%)，淡紫色(12%)
→来自希腊语orkhis,兰花，来自orghi,睾丸。因兰花球茎形似睾丸而得名。
US ['ɔ:r-] noun countable
■a plant with beautifully coloured flowers which have an unusual shape 兰花
n. [园艺] 兰花； [植] 兰科植物；淡紫色
 - cymbidium, Arethusa
adj. 淡紫色的
 - violescent, lavender

Word: pineapple
Front: pineapple
[ˈpaɪnæpl] (高六托 9086/12015 -1)
Back: n. 菠萝; 凤梨; 〈俚〉手榴弹
分布：菠萝(79%)，凤梨(21%)
→pine,松果，apple,苹果，水果。因形似松果而得名。
noun countable or uncountable
■(the yellow flesh and juice of) a large tropical fruit with a rough orange or brown skin and pointed leaves on top 凤梨
• tinned pineapples 罐头凤梨
• pineapple juice 凤梨汁
n. [园艺] 菠萝；凤梨；失业救济金
 - ananas, unemployment benefit

Word: persecutor
Front: persecutor
[ˈpɜ:sɪkju:tə(r)] (28161/35418)
Back: n. 迫害者
分布：迫害者(100%)
→来自persecute,迫害。
US ['pɝ:.sɪ.kju:.tˌɚ] noun countable
■someone who treats a particular group of people cruelly 迫害者
• The country's native people rose up against their persecutors. 该国的土著揭竿而起，反抗那些残害压迫他们的人。
• The clergy were the main persecutors of witches in the Middle Ages. 在中世纪，教会的神职人员是迫害“女巫”的主要力量。
n. 虐待者；迫害者
 - torturer

Word: pouch
Front: pouch
[paʊtʃ] (9335/10549 -1)
Back: n. 小袋; 烟草袋; 育儿袋
vt. & vi. （使）成为袋状; 把…装入袋中; 吞进
时态：pouched, pouching, pouches
分布：小袋(67%)，小包(17%)，囊状袋(4%)，用袋运输(4%)，用袋送信件(4%)，装 ... 入袋中(4%)
→来自古法语poche,钱包，口袋，词源同pocket,poach.
noun countable
BAG 袋
■a bag or soft container for a small object or a small amount of something 小袋；一小袋东西
• All our electric shavers are supplied with a free travel pouch. 我们的电动刮胡刀都免费附赠一个旅行套。
• Food sealed in foil pouches lasts for a long time. 密封在铝箔纸袋中的食物可以放很长时间。
[paʊtʃ] noun countable
ANIMALS 动物
■a pocket on the lower part of the body of some female animals in which their young are carried and protected after they are born （某些雌性动物的）育儿袋
• Kangaroos carry their young in pouches. 袋鼠将它们的幼鼠放在育儿袋中。
■a bag formed from skin in the mouths of some animals, used for carrying and storing food （某些动物贮存食物的）喉囊，颊袋
n. 小袋；育儿袋；烟草袋
 - breast pocket, sachet
vt. 使成袋状；把…装入袋中
 - bag

Word: prescience
Front: prescience
['presɪəns] (宝 30257/35502)
Vocabulary: prescience
(once / 7548 pages)
n
Do you already know what happens tomorrow? Next week? Next year? If you can see into the future, then you have prescience.
The word prescience might look like pre + science, but it really comes from the Latin word praescientia, which means "fore-knowledge" — or knowledge you know before anyone else. Don't assume it's a crystal ball kind of power that lets someone with prescience see the future. It's more like a state of mind or level of expertise that allows for excellent foresight and planning.
WORD FAMILY
prescience: presciences+/ prescient: prescience, presciently
USAGE EXAMPLES
He credits his working-class background as a source of his profitable prescience.
Washington Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Network’s most famous virtue is its extreme and eerie prescience about where the news media would go in the next decades.
The Guardian(Nov 23, 2016)
Google Flu Trends for instance, looked to be a triumph of big data prescience, tracking flu outbreaks based on trends in flu-related search terms.
New York Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: n. 预知，先见; 前科学
分布：先见(70%)，预知(30%)
先见之明(pre+sci+ence)[sci=know,表示"知道"]
【记】pre前，science（n 科学）作为词根是知道的意思－提前知道－预知
【参】omniscient（adj 全知的；n 上帝）
【反】myopia（n 近视）
n. 先见；预知
 - prognosis, foresight

Word: quilt
Front: quilt
[kwɪlt] (高研四六托 6124/12326 -1)
Vocabulary: quilt
(once / 1461 pages)
nv
A quilt is a thick cover for a bed, made from pieces of fabric that are stitched together and filled with padding. Quilt is also a verb, so you can quilt a quilt.
The simplest quilts have two layers of fabric that are sewn on either side of a layer of batting, a thin type of stuffing. Patchwork quilts have small pieces of cotton sewn into patterns, and the fabric is sewn over the batting with stitches that make decorative designs. A quilt was originally the same thing as a mattress, and the word comes from the Latin culcita, "mattress or bolster."
WORD FAMILY
quilt: quilted, quilting, quilts+/quilting: quiltings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her vocational activities included crocheting, quilting and sewing.
Washington Post(Dec 31, 2016)
Lower the thermostat at night to about 60 degrees, and use pajamas and quilts to keep warm while asleep.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Some look like angled tides of digital lightning; others like riffs on Southwestern quilts; and some like pixelated Photoshop fails.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 被子，棉被; 被状物
v. 缝（被）; 用垫料填塞后缝拢; 东拼西凑地做; 用摘抄等方法编辑
vt. 东拼西凑地编; 加软衬料后缝制
vi. 缝被子
时态：quilted, quilting, quilts
分布：被子(89%)，缝制(5%)，缝被(3%)，被状物(2%)，用垫料填塞(1%)
→来自拉丁语culcita,垫子，床垫，词源同cushion.原指软衬里垫子，后用于指被子。
n.被子The writer writes the white book quite quietly in quilt.作家在被子里十分平静地写白皮书.
noun countable
■a decorative cover for a bed 被子，被褥；床罩
UK * a duvet
n. 被子；棉被
 - bedquilt, comforter

Word: resuscitation
Front: resuscitation
[rɪˌsʌsɪ'teɪʃn] (20336/20245)
Vocabulary: resuscitation
(once / 10359 pages)
n
Resuscitation is the action of bringing someone back to consciousness. Ambulance workers are skilled at resuscitation.
To resuscitate is to revive someone who has passed out: this act is called resuscitation. If someone needs resuscitation, something serious has happened — the person has lost consciousness and may be on the verge of death. You've probably heard of "mouth-to-mouth resuscitation," which is one method of reviving. Medical professionals have many other techniques and gadgets that aid resuscitation. The Latin root word is resuscitare, "rouse again, or revive," from re and suscitare, "to raise."
WORD FAMILY
resuscitation: resuscitations+/ resuscitate: resuscitated, resuscitates, resuscitating, resuscitation, resuscitator/resuscitator: resuscitators
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Tunisian 24-year-old reportedly died of his wounds about 10 minutes later, in spite of police attempting resuscitation.
The Guardian(Dec 23, 2016)
CPR was initiated quickly and Ski Patrol arrived within minutes to continue resuscitation efforts near Snoqualmie Pass, according to West.
Seattle Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Pierre, the doctor, injects her with adrenaline, while the team perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Economist(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: n. 恢复知觉，苏醒
分布：复苏(96%)，复活(4%)
noun uncountable
■when someone or something is brought back to life or wakes 苏醒；恢复知觉；复活
• The patient suffered a cardiac arrest and died, despite an attempt at resuscitation. 尽管医生进行了努力抢救，但病人还是心跳停止死了。
⇒ See also mouth-to-mouth (resuscitation)
■a return to success after a difficult period, especially in business 复兴（在一段困难时期后再次成功，尤指商业活动）
• The prime minister said that small businesses would play a full part in the resuscitation of the economy. 首相说小企业会在经济复苏中充分发挥作用。
n. [医] 复苏；复兴；复活
 - reconstruction, renewal, revitalization

Word: protrude
Front: protrude
[prəˈtru:d] (托雅宝 11777/14292 -1)
Vocabulary: protrude
(once / 1270 pages)
v
Protrude means to stick out. A gravestone protrudes from the ground, a shelf protrudes from a wall, a lollipop stick protrudes from your mouth.
From the Latin prō- "forward, out" + trūdere "to thrust," protrude often describes coastlines where rocks stick out into the water. Prō- gives us protrusion "something that sticks out," and protuberance "something that grows out of something else"––a goiter, for example, or a nose.
WORD FAMILY
protrude: protruded, protrudes, protruding, protrusible, protrusion, protrusive+/ protrusion: protrusions/protrusive: protrusively
USAGE EXAMPLES
Wearing the conspicuously protruding false teeth that figure prominently in the story, Simonischek was tasked with visiting a mall on a perfume-purchasing mission.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
As of Wednesday night, the Volvos - distinctive in look with sensors protruding from their tops - were still roaming San Francisco’s streets.
Washington Times(Dec 15, 2016)
As of Wednesday night, the Volvos — distinctive in look with sensors protruding from their tops — were still roaming San Francisco’s streets.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: vt. 使突出; 使伸出
vi. 突出; 伸出
时态：protruded, protruding, protrudes
分布：突出(68%)，伸出(32%)
→pro-,向前，-trud,击，打，词源同extrude,obtrude.
向前突出(pro+trude突出→向前突出)[pro-①表示"向前,在前"②表示"很多…"③表示"赞同,亲..."]
伸出,突出(pro向前+trud+e推→向前推→伸出)[trud,trus=push,表示"推"]
【记】pro前，trude伸出－向前伸出－伸出
【参】intrude（v 闯入）；extrude（v 挤压出；伸出）；prominent（adj 卓越的；显著突出的）；protuberant（adj 突起的）
verb intransitive
■to stick out from or through something 伸出，突出，鼓出
• A rotting branch protruded from the swamp like a ghostly arm. 一根腐烂的树枝像鬼的手臂一样从沼泽里伸出来。
• protruding ears/teeth 招风耳／暴牙
vt. 使突出，使伸出
 - exsert, advertise
vi. 突出，伸出
 - stand out, excel at

Word: requiem
Front: requiem
['rekwiəm] (20582/16497 -1)
Vocabulary: requiem
(once / 10804 pages)
n
A requiem is a religious ceremony performed for the dead. A requiem, or dirge, can also be a piece of music used for this ceremony or in any other context honoring those who have died.
The word requiem comes from the opening words of the Roman Catholic Mass for the Dead, which is spoken or sung in Latin (requies means “rest”). In a nonreligious context the word refers simply to an act of remembrance. Mozart, Brahms, and Dvořák have all written important requiems. The English composer Benjamin Britten wrote his famous "War Requiem" for the reconsecration of a cathedral that was destroyed in World War II.
WORD FAMILY
requiem: requiems
USAGE EXAMPLES
But unlike when President Bill Clinton did something similar 16 years ago, it sounded more like a requiem than a plan.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Rather, it’s a requiem for an identity that sees no place for itself in a postindustrial world.
Slate(Dec 05, 2016)
The Revolution recently performed a requiem for their former bandleader, a local son who tragically passed away in April of an opioid overdose.
Washington Times(Oct 12, 2016)
Back: n. （天主教）安魂弥撒仪式，安魂曲
分布：安魂曲(86%)，安灵曲(14%)
→re-,表强调，-quiem,安静，词源同 quiet.比喻用法。
【记】re再，quie＝quiet，m－使死者再次安静的东西－安魂弥撒

Word: reappointment
Front: reappointment
[ˌri:ə'pɔɪnmənt] (34721/42343)
Back: n. 连任，复职
分布：名词(100%)
n. 连任；复职
 - reinstatement

Word: prostrate
Front: prostrate
[ˈprɒstreɪt] (宝 21485/20005)
Vocabulary: prostrate
(once / 521 pages)
adjv
The verb prostrate means "to make helpless or defenseless." Illness, injury, food poisoning, grief — any of these things can prostrate people, or lying down in a helpless position.
The word prostrate traces back to the Latin word prostratus, meaning “thrown down.” If you are prostrate, you feel thrown down and laid flat. It can describe lying on the ground in a helpless position, or it can be used to describe someone who has been overcome or made unable to function, such as someone who is prostrated by grief or illness.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
prostate / prostrate
Oh, for the want of a letter! Prostate is a gland found in male mammals, but prostrate, with an r, means to lie face down. Get them mixed up and you'll thoroughly confuse your doctor.
A prostate (no r)is a gland in front of the bladder of male mammals. You often hear about men having enlarged prostates or prostate cancer:
A longer index finger gives men a lower risk of prostate cancer. (Reuters)
Prostatecancer begins in the walnut-sized prostate gland, an integral part of the male reproductive system. (Science Magazine)
Until very recently, the American Cancer Society also urged men to get tested in order to avoid being killed by prostate cancer. (Time)
Add that second "r" in there, and prostrate means to lie or bow down. You might prostrate yourself before royalty, or lie prostrate on the floor if you have the flu or if your best friend just died. Prostrate is to be flattened:
I found myself prostrate, then crawling until my glasses broke. (New York Times)
When Lord Macartney came to China he refused to prostrate himself before the Emperor in the ritual kowtow out of respect to his own monarch. (The Telegraph)
See the poor wretch, prostrate at the royal feet, imploring a little indulgence, and promising what is utterly beyond his power. (Joseph Cross)
Men might have prostate cancer, which has nothing to do with what they ate, but remember the r in prostrate stands for relax or lie down.
WORD FAMILY
prostrate: prostrated, prostrates, prostrating, prostration, semi-prostrate+/ prostration: prostrations
USAGE EXAMPLES
It then showed the officials prostrate themselves at the feet of the new king, who was wearing a formal white uniform with decorations.
Time(Dec 01, 2016)
At home, she briefly prays, prostrating herself in the Muslim ritual of worship.
Seattle Times(Nov 21, 2016)
He has judged us, but he has also prostrated himself for our review.
Slate(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 卧倒的; 被某事物所制服的; 瓦解的; 无能为力的
vt. 使俯伏，使拜倒; （指疾病、天气等）使某人无能为力
时态：prostrated, prostrating, prostrates
分布：拜倒的(30%)，拜倒(25%)，筋疲力尽(9%)，无能为力的(6%)，倒下(6%)，瓦解的(6%)，虚脱(6%)，无能为力(6%)，卧倒的(6%)
→来自拉丁语prostratus,俯伏的，来自prosternere,俯伏，拜倒，来自pro-,向前，sternere,展开，张开，词源同stratum,structure.
使俯卧,使沮丧(pro前+strate→前[后]回一贯层次上→俯卧)[strat=spreadout表示"扩散",引申为"层次"]
【记】pro前，strate＝state（n 国家）：对于国家的前任领导人要屈服－俯卧
【反】erect（adj 直立的）；upright（adj 垂直的）
US [ˈprɑː.streɪt]
LYING 卧着的
■lying with the face down and arms stretched out, especially in obedience or worship （尤指因顺从或拜神而）俯卧的，匍伏的，拜倒的
adjective UK [ˈprɒs.treɪt] US [ˈprɑː.streɪt]
VERY TIRED 精疲力竭的 (also prostrated)
■having lost all strength or all determination because of an illness or an extremely bad experience 衰竭的；一蹶不振的；筋疲力尽的
• A woman, prostrate with grief, lay wailing on the ground. 一个妇女悲痛欲绝，躺在地上痛哭。
verb UK [prɒsˈtreɪt] US [ˈprɑː.streɪt]
prostrate yourself
■to lie with the face down and arms stretched out, especially in obedience or worship （尤指因顺从或拜神而）俯卧，匍伏，拜倒
adj. 俯卧的；拜倒的；降伏的；沮丧的
 - blue, prone, disappointed

Word: sandia

Word: retrograde
Front: retrograde
[ˈretrəgreɪd] (托 34237/17000)
Vocabulary: retrograde
(once / 4257 pages)
adjv
Retrograde describes moving in a backwards or reverse direction. If you're suddenly told that you can no longer vote because you're a woman, that's a retrograde affront to your civil rights. Start protesting!
This word comes from the Latin retrogradus, meaning "going backward." You might hear retrograde used in astronomy to describe the movements of the planets. If a planet like Mercury is in retrograde, that means it appears to be moving backwards. Retrograde can also describe something that's going from better to worse. The farm's retrograde practice of spraying their crops with harsher and harsher pesticides is causing our health to suffer.
WORD FAMILY
retrograde: retrograded, retrogrades, retrograding
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her stated answer to Freud’s notorious question about what women want is straightforward and retrograde.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
The retrograde “aspirational horizon” of right-wing populism tends to be in the rearview mirror: a nostalgic longing for a simpler time that never actually existed.
Salon(Nov 13, 2016)
Indeed, reduction in retrograde transport through mutations in dynactin52, which is an activator of the retrograde motor cytoplasmic dynein53, provokes motor neuron disease in humans.
Nature(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 向后的; 退化的; 恶化的; 次序颠倒的
vi. 逆行; 倒退; 退步
vt. 使倒退
vi. 倒退地; 向后地
时态：retrograded, retrograding, retrogrades
分布：逆行(83%)，逆行的(6%)，倒退(4%)，倒退的(3%)，退化(2%)，衰减的(1%)，退步的(1%)
→retro-,向后，往回，-grad,走，词源同 grade,aggressive.引申词义倒退，退化。
后退,倒退(retro+grade走→向后走)[retro-表示"向后,倒退"]
退步;堕落(retro向后+grade→向后退步)[grad=step,grade,表示"步,级"]
【记】retro向后，grade走－向后走－后退的
【反】progressive（n 进步论者；adj 前进的）
US [-rə-] formal
adjective
■returning to older and worse conditions, methods, ideas, etc 倒退的；退步的；恶化的
• He said it would be a retrograde step to remove single parent benefit. 他说取消单亲补助金将是历史的倒退。
adj. 倒退的； [生物] 退化的；次序颠倒的
 - reversionary, degenerative
vi. [天] 逆行；倒退；退步
 - reverse, stem
adv. 倒退地；向后地
 - backward, sternforemost

Word: sardonic
Front: sardonic
[sɑ:ˈdɒnɪk] (托宝 18421/15517 -1)
Vocabulary: sardonic
(once / 2184 pages)
adj
If someone is being scornful and mocking in a humorous way, call her sardonic. If you want to write comic sketches for late-night talk shows, work on being sardonic.
Sardonic comes from the Greek adjective Sardonios, which actually describes a plant from a place called Sardinia that supposedly made your face contort into a horrible grin...right before you died from its poison. The Greeks used sardonic for laughter, but we only use it when someone's humor is also mocking or ironic.
WORD FAMILY
sardonic: sardonically
USAGE EXAMPLES
“When I first read the script I thought that’s the part to be, always wry and sardonic,” Fisher told a gathering in England in 2015.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
“When I first read the script I thought that’s the part to be, always wry and sardonic,” she told a gathering in England in 2015.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Shirley Jackson accumulates little piles of irrelevant detail, topples them over with the expected sardonic swipe.
Time(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 嘲笑的; 讥笑的; 讽刺的; 冷笑的
分布：嘲笑的(42%)，讥讽的(36%)，冷笑的(22%)
→来自拉丁语 sardonius risus,撒丁岛的嘲笑，据说来自希腊语 sardonion,一种撒丁岛的植物，来 自 Sardo,撒丁岛，risus,嘲笑，词源同 derisive,ridiculous.一种剧毒之物，人吃后会面部抽搐， 带着诡异的笑容死去，类似于《天龙八部》丁春秋所使用的“逍遥三笑散”。后引申词义轻 蔑的，嘲弄的。
【记】源于：sarcastic（adj 讽刺的）源于sardinian plant，撒丁岛植物，吃后让人狂笑而死。
US [sɑ:r'dɑ:.nɪk] adjective
■showing little respect in a humorous but unkind way, often because you think that you are too important to consider or discuss a matter 讥讽的，冷嘲的，轻蔑的
• a sardonic smile/look/comment 讥讽的微笑／嘲讽的表情／尖刻的评论
adj. 讽刺的；嘲笑的，冷笑的
 - acid, ironic

Word: rhythmic
Front: rhythmic
[ˈrɪðmɪk] (托宝 8756/9049 -1)
Back: adj. 有韵律的，有节奏的; 格调优美的; 周期性的; 合拍的
分布：有节奏的(80%)，有韵律的(20%)
→来自 rhythm,节奏，韵律。
['rɪð.mɪk] (also rhythmical)
adjective
■describes a sound with a regular movement or beat which is repeated 有节奏的；有规律的
• the rhythmic sound of the train 火车有节奏的声音
adj. [生物] 有节奏的（等于rhythmical）；间歇的；合拍的
 - intermittent, cadent

Word: speckle
Front: speckle
[ˈspekl] (31187/37172)
Vocabulary: speckle
(once / 3052 pages)
nv
A speckle is a dot or dash of something — you might think you've painted the living room without spilling any paint, only to find a speckle of purple in the middle of the rug.
Young children pouring their own cereal often leave a speckle of milk on the counter no matter how careful they are. You can also use speckle as a verb meaning "to scatter" or "to dot." For example, you could describe the black spots that speckle your cat, or talk about the stars that speckle the sky. Speckle most likely comes from the Old English word specca, "small spot or speck."
WORD FAMILY
speckle: speckled, speckles, speckling
USAGE EXAMPLES
Those include a trapdoor spider, a speckled freshwater darter, a parasitic worm and an extinct lizard.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
Back on the ground, Erickson’s face is speckled with sawdust.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Clothing and arms speckled with white paint, he studied his muse a few feet away.
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. （皮肤、羽毛、蛋壳等上的）斑点，色斑
vt. 弄上斑点; 点缀
时态：speckled, speckling, speckles
分布：小斑点(67%)，点缀(33%)
→可能来自 spece,斑点，色斑，-le,小词后缀。
noun countable usually plural
■a very small mark of a different colour from the surface on which it is found, and which is usually found with a large number of other marks of the same type （表面上的）斑点，色斑
• A blackbird's egg is blue with brown speckles on it. 乌鸫的卵是蓝色的，上面有棕色的斑点。
vt. 弄上斑点；点缀
 - lie around, set sth off
n. [皮肤] [鸟] 斑点
 - spot, patch

Word: spectral
Front: spectral
[ˈspektrəl] (宝 12007/16159)
Vocabulary: spectral
(once / 2670 pages)
1adj 2adj
When something is spectral, it has a ghostlike quality; it seems to vanish or disappear. You may have heard of ghosts referred to as "specters": that means that they're spectral.
You may recognize the spect part of the adjective spectral from words like "spectacle," "spectrum," and "spectacular." All of these words share a similar meaning, which comes from the Latin verb specere, "look at, view." When something is spectral, think of it as something you can see but not touch — though it won't always mean that literally. The young model was so skinny she had a spectral quality: she almost seemed to disappear.
WORD FAMILY
spectral: spectrally
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Always,” Blake’s collaboration with Ocean, another essential voice of 2016, is a soft and spectral lament.
The New Yorker(Dec 14, 2016)
The singing is spectral, the cadence is practically spoken, and, as a bonus, the beat is ghost-EDM, with thumps that flicker on and off.
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
We strolled through a room of portraits painted by Whistler: thin, spectral figures wrapped in finery.
The New Yorker(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. （似）鬼的; 幽灵的; 谱的; 光谱的
分布：光谱的(60%)，幽灵的(40%)
→来自 spectrum,光谱，specter,鬼的，幽灵的，-al,形容词后缀。
adjective
GHOST 鬼
■coming from or seeming to be the spirit of a dead person 鬼的，幽灵的；幽灵似的
• a spectral figure/presence 鬼魂
['spek.trəl] adjective
COLOURS 颜色 specialized
■of the set of colours into which a beam of light can be separated 光谱的，谱的
• spectral light 光谱灯
adj. [电子] [光] 光谱的；幽灵的；鬼怪的
 - ghostly, phantasmal

Word: snigger
Front: snigger
[ˈsnɪgə(r)] (31223/21071 -1)
Back: vi. 暗笑，窃笑
n. 窃笑
时态：sniggered, sniggering, sniggers
分布：窃笑(52%)，暗笑(48%)
【记】源于：snicker（n /v 窃笑）；区：sneaker（n 鬼鬼祟祟的人）读：死你哥－你哥是李宏志，死了是皆大欢喜的事情，但是不能笑出声音来，因为联系法轮功的人太多了，我好怕怕，只能窃笑。
US [-ɚ] (US also snicker)
verb intransitive
■to laugh at someone or something in a silly and often unkind way 暗笑，窃笑
• They spent half the time sniggering at the clothes people were wearing. 他们有一半时间都在偷偷取笑人们穿的衣服。
• What are you two sniggering at/about ? 你们两个在偷笑甚么？
n. 窃笑；偷偷的笑
 - titter
vi. 吃吃窃笑；暗笑
 - smile to oneself

Word: sneaker
Front: sneaker
[ˈsni:kə(r)] (高 -/33208 -1)
Vocabulary: sneaker
(once / 6974 pages)
1n 2n
Athletic or casual rubber-soled shoes are called sneakers. Before you walk your neighbor's Great Dane, you'll have to take off your work shoes and put on your sneakers.
You can also call sneakers tennis shoes, kicks, or running shoes, and if you're in Britain, you can call them trainers or plimsolls. Sneakers are made for exercise and sports, but they're also very popular everyday shoes because they're so comfortable. Sneaker, which is most common in the Northeast US, comes from their noiseless rubber soles, perfect for sneaking. Originally, they were called sneaks.
WORD FAMILY
sneaker: sneakers+/ sneak: sneaked, sneaker, sneaking, sneaks, sneaky, snuck/sneaking: sneakingest, sneakingly/sneaky: sneakily, sneakiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some people collect sneakers, vinyl; I just happen to be into books.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Brands also are seizing on consumers’ desire for high-end sneakers and custom-made or personalized shoes.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 28, 2016)
He kept the white sneakers with his inmate number, Y11107, handwritten on the side.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: n. 〈口〉橡皮底帆布鞋; 〈美〉鬼鬼祟祟的人
分布：运动鞋(84%)，卑鄙者(11%)，鬼鬼祟祟的人(5%)
US [-kɚ] US
noun countable
■a type of light comfortable shoe that is suitable for playing sports 运动鞋
n. 运动鞋；卑鄙者；鬼鬼祟祟做事的人
 - athletic shoe, gym shoes

Word: streetlight
Front: streetlight
['stri:tlaɪt] (14329/36161)
Back: n. 街灯
分布：路灯(63%)，街灯(37%)
['stri:t.laɪt] (also streetlamp)
noun countable
■a light in or at the side of a road or public area which is usually supported on a tall post 街灯，路灯
• He crashed his car into a streetlight. 他的车撞上路灯。
n. 街灯，路灯
 - street lamp

Word: tanner
Front: tanner
[ˈtænə(r)] (-/16980)
Back: n. 制革工人; <英><口>（英国旧时的）六便士币
分布：制革工人(100%)
→来自 tan,制革，-er,人。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
JOB 工作
■a person who tans leather 鞣皮工，制革工
UK ['tæn.ər] US [-ɚ] noun countable
COIN 硬币
■old use informala sixpence 六便士硬币（古老的非正式用法）
n. 制革工人；六便士
 - sixpence

Word: stylus
Front: stylus
[ˈstaɪləs] (宝 20851/26784)
Back: n. （留声机的）唱针; （古代刻写用的）尖笔
分布：铁笔(51%)，尖笔(28%)，唱针(21%)
→来自拉丁语 stilus,笔，桩，词源同 style.引申现代词义唱针，触控笔。
【记】styl＝style，us：我们是有风格的人，不能用普通的笔，要用－铁笔
noun countable
■a small pointed device on a record player which picks up the sound signals stored on a record （唱机的）唱针
■a small pointed metal or plastic stick that you use to make a PDA (= a small computer that you hold in your hand) work 触控笔（一个小的、尖形金属或塑胶棒，你可用来操作 PDA；PDA 是掌上型电脑，即你放在手上工作的一种小电脑）

Word: stilted
Front: stilted
[ˈstɪltɪd] (宝 28085/22090)
Vocabulary: stilted
(once / 7411 pages)
adj
The adjective stilted describes something—usually a style of writing or speaking—that is unnaturally formal.
Imagine someone walking awkwardly on a pair of stilts and you have a good impression of the word stilted — wooden and stiff. Stilt is found in the mid-15th century, referring to walking on wooden stilts across marshy ground. A hundred years later, the word stilted came to refer to the posts holding up a building. It wasn't until 1820 that the word was used as we use it now, to describe writing or speaking that does not flow smoothly.
WORD FAMILY
stilted: stiltedly, unstilted
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Victoria” the novel is pleasant enough but a bit plodding; the dialogue often stilted; the central character sweet but unformed.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Otherwise their play was stilted, the home side’s passes both over- and underhit.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
Past reforms in this direction became stilted and ultimately incomplete, but the current moment offers a chance to truly rebuild from the ground up.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. （动作或言语）生硬的，不自然的
分布：生硬的(35%)，虚饰的(26%)，踩高跷的(26%)，动词stilt的过去式和过去分词形式.(13%)
→stilt,高跷，-ed,形容词后缀。比喻用法。
【记】源于stil高，stilt高跷，stilted踩着高跷的－夸张的，不自然的
US [-tˌɪd] disapproving
adjective
■(of a person's behaviour or way of speaking or writing) too formal and not smooth or natural （言谈举止或写作风格）生硬的，不自然的
• He writes in a formal and rather stilted style. 他的写作风格刻板，相当生硬。
• The dialogue sounded stilted and unnatural, perhaps because of the translation from the original Russian. 对话听起来很生硬，非常不自然，可能是因为从俄文原著翻译过来的缘故。
adj. 不自然的；呆板的；僵硬的
 - wooden, mechanical, rigid, dead

Word: swig
Front: swig
[swɪg] (17794/23062)
Back: vt. <非正>大口喝（酒等）
n. 痛饮，大喝
时态：swigged, swigging, swigs
分布：大口地喝(38%)，豪饮(25%)，大喝(25%)，吞咽(12%)
[swɪg] (-gg-) informal
verb transitive
■to drink, especially by swallowing large amounts in a series of single actions 畅饮，痛饮（尤指大口地喝）
n. 痛饮，大喝；牛饮
 - hoptoad
vt. 牛饮；大喝特喝，豪饮
 - binge drinking, drink like a fish

Word: suffix
Front: suffix
[ˈsʌfɪks] (25793/16952)
Vocabulary: suffix
(once / 7074 pages)
nv
In linguistics, the suffix is part of the word that's added onto the end, like the -ish in foolish.
When a suffix is added to a word, it changes the form, like when adding the suffix -y turns the noun soap into the adjective soapy. You can also use suffix as a verb. If you suffix the word cake with -less, you end up cakeless, which is pretty sad, especially if it's your birthday.
WORD FAMILY
suffix: suffixation, suffixed, suffixes, suffixing
USAGE EXAMPLES
One particularly unusual variant of surnames ends with the suffix khao, suggesting a desire to eat or greediness.
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
In Brazil, a tongue derived from German immigrants, Riograndenser Hunsrückish, blends Portuguese words with Teutonic suffixes and the lilt of Italian.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
The history of the “-gate” suffix begins with the 1970s Watergate scandal that led to President Richard M. Nixon’s resignation.
New York Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 后缀，词尾
vt. 加后缀，加词尾
时态：suffixed, suffixing, suffixes
分布：后缀(97%)，添后缀(3%)
→suf-,在下，在后，-fix,固定，词源同 fix,prefix.用于语法名词指后缀，词尾。
后缀(suf+fix固定→在后面固定→后缀)[suc-,suf-,sup-,sur-等在同辅音词根前表示"在…下面"]
后缀(suf在后面+fix→后面固定→后缀)[fix=fix,表示"固定"]
noun countable
 ADVANCED
■a letter or group of letters added at the end of a word to make a new word 后缀，词尾
• The suffix '-ness' added to the end of the word 'sweet' forms the word 'sweetness', changing an adjective into a noun. 后缀 -ness加在 sweet 之后构成 sweetness，把形容词变成了名词。
n. [语] 后缀；下标
 - sufix, postfix

Word: tora

Word: theorise

Word: teapot
Front: teapot
[ˈti:pɒt] (高托 12851/12436 -1)
Back: n. 茶壶
分布：茶壶(100%)
US [-pɑ:t] noun countable
■a container for making and serving tea with a handle and a shaped opening for pouring 茶壶
n. 茶壶
 - teakettle, samovar

Word: thermonuclear
Front: thermonuclear
[ˌθɜ:məʊˈnju:kliə(r)] (22675/29509)
Back: adj. 高热原子核反应的
分布：热核的(100%)
→therm-,热，nuclear,核的。

Word: thyroid
Front: thyroid
[ˈθaɪrɔɪd] (12378/24383 -1)
Back: n. 甲状腺; 甲状软骨; 甲状腺剂; 甲状腺粉
adj. 甲状腺的; 甲状（软骨）的; 盾状的
分布：甲状腺(98%)，甲状腺的(2%)
→来自希腊语 thyreoiedes,盾形的，来自 thyra,门，词源同 door,-eides,形状，形体，即常见后缀 -oid,类。古希腊著名医生 Galan 借用该词用以指甲状腺，因其形如盾甲而得名。
N-COUNT
甲状腺
Your thyroid or your thyroid gland is a gland in your neck that produces chemicals which control the way your body grows and functions.
n. [药] [解剖] 甲状腺；甲状软骨；甲状腺剂
 - hypothyroid, scutum
adj. [药] [解剖] 甲状腺的；盾状的
 - peltate, scutiform

Word: trailblazer
Front: trailblazer
[ˈtreɪlbleɪzə(r)] (24603/-)
Back: n. 开路的人，先驱者，开拓者
分布：先驱(50%)，开拓者(50%)
→trail,踪迹，小径，blaze,燃烧，-er,人。比喻用法。
n. 开拓者；开路的人；先驱者
 - exploiter, forerunner

Word: trooper
Front: trooper
[ˈtru:pə(r)] (8219/12958 -1)
Back: n. （低军衔的）骑兵; 伞兵; 运兵船
分布：骑兵(89%)，运兵船(11%)
US [-pɚ] noun countable
SOLDIER 士兵
■a soldier who belongs to the lowest rank in the part of an army that fights in strong military vehicles or on horses （军衔最低的）装甲兵，骑兵
UK ['tru:.pər] US [-pɚ] noun countable
POLICE OFFICER 员警 US a police officer in one of the forces of the 50 political areas of the United States 州员警
• state troopers 州员警
• Troopers are called out in emergencies or dangerous situations. 在紧急或危险的情况下可出动州员警。
UK ['tru:.pər] US [-pɚ] noun countable
swear like a trooper
■to swear a lot 破口大骂
• He was extremely drunk and swearing like a trooper. 他喝得酩酊大醉，嘴里骂个不停。
n. [军] 骑兵；骑警；伞兵；部队运输船
 - cavalry, horseback police

Word: truthful
Front: truthful
[ˈtru:θfl] (11289/13837 -1)
Back: adj. 说实话的，真实的; 诚实的，老实的
分布：真实的(66%)，诚实的(34%)
【记】truth（n 事实；真理），ful：真实的
adjective
■honest and not containing or telling any lies 诚实的；讲真话的；真实的，如实的
• The public has a right to expect truthful answers from politicians. 公众有权期望从政客那里得到真实答覆。
• Are you being quite truthful with me? 你跟我讲的是真话吗？
adj. 真实的；诚实的
 - actual, honest, sincere, true, genuine

Word: unbreakable
Front: unbreakable
[ʌnˈbreɪkəbl] (21795/23059)
Back: adj. 打不破的，不易碎的; 钢铁
分布：牢不可破的(86%)，不易破碎的(14%)
adjective
■impossible to break 无法打破的，牢不可破的
• unbreakable glass/plastic 抗破损的玻璃／塑胶

Word: truss
Front: truss
[trʌs] (宝 19925/21753)
Vocabulary: truss
(once / 2707 pages)
nv
A truss is a framework that supports something, like a roof or a bridge. A steel beam that holds up a bridge is called a truss. Another kind of truss is a similar structure that's designed to support a roof.
A truss refers to part of the design of a bridge, overpass, or building; or a medical device that keeps a hernia from bulging. Either way, a truss offers support. You can also use truss as a verb meaning "tie up." Many cooks are familiar with a recipe's instruction to truss a goose, for example, tying its wings and legs together before cooking it. A truss was originally "a collection of things bound together," with the Vulgar Latin root torciare, "to twist."
WORD FAMILY
truss: trussed, trusses, trussing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Bank Stadium operator SMG said in a statement that they apparently climbed over a guard rail to access the ridge truss.
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
In a statement, stadium operator SMG says two people climbed over a guard rail to access the ridge truss.
Seattle Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Liz Truss held this position during the final year of the coalition government, and will remain in post.
BBC(Mar 19, 2016)
Back: vt. 捆绑
n. （干草的）一捆，一束，构架
时态：trussed, trussing, trusses
分布：构架(76%)，一束(8%)，束紧(8%)，用桁架支撑(8%)
→来自古法语 trousse,包裹，捆，可能来自通俗拉丁语*torciare,转，扭成团，来自拉丁语 torquere, 扭曲，扭转，词源同 turn,trousseau.引申诸相关词义。
【记】源于：trust（v 信任），用truss支撑值得trust。
verb transitive (also truss up)
■to tie the arms and legs of someone together tightly and roughly with rope to prevent them from moving or escaping 捆紧，缚牢（人的双臂或双腿）
• Police said the couple had been trussed up and robbed before being shot. 警方说夫妇俩先遭到捆绑和抢劫，最后才被枪杀。
■to prepare a bird for cooking by tying its wings and legs to its body （在烹调之前）将（鸟等的）翅膀和脚扎拢
[trʌs] noun countable
FOR A BODY PART 身体的部分
■a device for holding an organ of the body, especially part of the intestine , in its correct position after it has moved because of an injury 疝带
[trʌs] noun countable
FOR A ROOF/BRIDGE 屋顶／桥梁 specialized
■a support for a roof or bridge that is usually made of stone or brick （支撑屋顶、桥梁的）构架，托臂，桁架
n. 束；构架；捆
 - framework, tract

Word: ufo

Word: unsparing
Front: unsparing
[ʌnˈspeərɪŋ] (39690/-)
Back: adj. 不宽恕的，不留情的
分布：不吝惜的(37%)，毫不留情的(29%)，严苛的(23%)，慷慨大方的(11%)
US [-'sper.ɪŋ] adjective
HIDING NOTHING 无隐藏的
■showing no kindness and no wish to hide the unpleasant truth 无情的；不避讳的，不隐藏的
• The documentary went through all the graphic details of the operation in unsparing detail. 该纪录片记录下了手术过程中所有生动真实的细节，未经删节。
UK [ʌn'speə.rɪŋ] US [-'sper.ɪŋ] adjective
GENEROUS 慷慨的 formal
■extremely generous with money, time, help, etc. 极其大方的，慷慨的
• Last of all, our thanks go to the caterers who have been unsparing in their efforts to make this afternoon such a success. 最后，我们要感谢各位酒宴承办人员，他们不辞辛劳的服务使今天下午的活动大获成功。
adj. 严厉的；不吝惜的；不宽恕的
 - severe, tight, hard, harsh, rigorous

Word: vaginal
Front: vaginal
[və'dʒaɪnl] (12716/13197)
Back: adj. <解>阴道的; <植>叶鞘的
分布：阴道的(70%)，叶鞘的(30%)
ADJ
阴道的
Vaginal means relating to or involving the vagina.
例：The creams have been used to reduce vaginal infections.已使用这种乳膏来减少阴道感染。

Word: unbridgeable
Front: unbridgeable
[ʌnˈbrɪdʒəbl] (托 30728/33004)
Back: adj. 不能架桥的，不能逾越的
分布：不能架桥的(53%)，不可逾越的(47%)

Word: ungainly
Front: ungainly
[ʌnˈgeɪnli] (雅宝 20371/20465)
Vocabulary: ungainly
(once / 3603 pages)
adj
Ungainly is the opposite of graceful, convenient, or easy. A clumsy dancer boogies in an ungainly or awkward fashion.
Though you see gain in ungainly, the word does not have to do with growing, or getting ahead. Ungainly comes from an Old Norse word meaning not convenient or, in other words, awkward. If you want to impress your gym teacher or sports coach, first appear ungainly and then surprise him with your great athletic ability. Applying to college can be an ungainly process without an advisor to help.
WORD FAMILY
ungainly: ungainliest, ungainlily, ungainliness+/gainly: ungainly
USAGE EXAMPLES
This famously tall and ungainly president sits scrunched up in a chair, legs crossed, hand to chin, thinking hard.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Poor old Ebenezer Scrooge, saddled with that sharp and ungainly first name.
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Many homeowners are resorting to a simple, if ungainly, solution: putting up a really big fence.
New York Times(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 难看的; 不雅的; 别扭的; 笨拙的
级别：ungainlier, ungainliest
分布：笨拙的(60%)，难看的(23%)，不雅的(17%)
→来自古英语ungeinliche, 来自un-, 不，非，gein, 直的，词源同again, against,-liche,词源同-ly，形容词后缀。即不直的，引申词义形状不好的，难看的，不雅的，笨拙的。
【记】un不，gainly（adj 姿态优美的；优雅的）：笨拙的
【反】lissome（adj 敏捷的）；adroit（adj 熟练的）；dexterous（adj 灵巧的）
adjective
■awkward and without grace (= moving smoothly and attractively) in movement 笨手笨脚的；举止不优雅的
• Ducks are ungainly on land. 鸭子在陆地上笨笨的。
adj. 笨拙的；不雅的
 - clumsy, awkward
adv. 笨拙地；不雅地
 - ungracefully, lumpingly

Word: unclaimed
Front: unclaimed
[ˌʌnˈkleɪmd] (21789/33205)
Back: adj. 无人要求的，所有主不明的
分布：无人认领的(55%)，无人要求的(30%)，所有主不明的(15%)
adjective
■If something is unclaimed, no one has said that it belongs to them or that they should have it 无主的；物主不明的；无人领取的
• unclaimed prizes 无人领取的奖金
• More than £2.5 million lies unclaimed in bank accounts. 银行帐户里有超过两千五百万英镑的无主存款。

Word: vita
Front: vita
[ˈvi:tə] (19866/18025)
Back: n. 简历; 履历
分布：个人简历(60%)，传略(40%)
n. 生活；生命；个人简历（复数vitae）
 - life, existence, living, being, bio

Word: whig

Word: whistler
Front: whistler
['wɪslə] (40017/26157)
Back: n. 吹口哨的人，啸啸作声的东西
分布：吹口哨的人(56%)，啸声干扰(22%)，花白旱獭(22%)

Word: abdomen
Front: abdomen
[ˈæbdəmən] (研 9711/12361 -1)
Vocabulary: abdomen
(once / 1115 pages)
n
Your abdomen is the middle part of the front of your body, between your chest area and your pelvis. If the doctor asks if your abdomen hurts, the doctor wants to know if you have any pain in your belly area.
The word abdomen is also the name used for the cavity, enclosed by the abdominal muscles, that contains the organs in the abdominal area. The abdomen's contents in humans include your stomach, liver, spleen, small intestine, and kidneys. The word abdomen is sometimes shortened to abs, especially in infomercials and health clubs when referring to the muscles of your abdomen and how you should want flat ones.
WORD FAMILY
abdomen: abdomens, abdominal +/ abdominal: abdominally, abdominals
USAGE EXAMPLES
He suffered a gunshot wound in the abdomen and a broken wrist in the encounter.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Authorities were still searching for the suspect when he arrived Wednesday night at Henry Ford Allegiance Health with a reported gunshot wound to his abdomen.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Over the next three years, his parents and doctors watched, helpless, as wounds opened up on his abdomen and leaked faeces.
Nature(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 腹部; [虫]腹部; 下腹; 腹腔
分布：腹部(100%)
→来自拉丁语abdo, 隐藏，形容腹部是藏脏腑之处。前缀ab-, 从，从...离开，d同单词do, 放置，做，-o中缀，-men, 名词后缀。
n.腹,下腹(胸部到腿部的部分)The manager has an enlarged abdomen.经理大腹便便.
【记】Ab离开，do做，men人。不作事的人。考G辛苦吧！因为这是个久坐的职业，写书更辛苦！这本书的每一个字都是我腹部积累的结晶。更何况不做事的人呢？？？注意：考G虽好，还要爱人喜欢。不要忘记每天锻炼身体。另记：bd，像不像两个挺着肚子的men?
【参】abdominal（adj 腹部的）【九阴真经第二章】歪打正着。先做个试验：默写1）放纵；放弃2）（在数量上）减轻，减少3）腹部，下腹你会惊异的发现，英文单词的拼写是如此之简单，以至于穿袜子都变得很难了。你再也不用在纸上狂抄一千遍来记住一个单词的拼写了。相反，你是被迫记住的，想忘都困难，很幸福吧J。
['æb.də.mən] specialized
noun countable
■the lower part of a person's or animal's body, which contains the stomach, bowels and other organs, or the end of an insect's body （人或动物的）腹（部）；（昆虫的）腹部
n. [动] 腹部；下腹；腹腔
 - stomach, pleon

Word: yvonne
Front: yvonne
['i:vɒn] (-/12874)
Back: n. 伊冯(f.)
分布：名词(100%)

Word: welder
Front: welder
[ˈweldə(r)] (17463/23018)
Back: n. 焊接工
分布：焊接工(100%)
US [-dɚ] noun countable
■a person whose job is welding 焊工

Word: airflow
Front: airflow
[ˈeəfləʊ] (19113/25988)
Back: n. 空气流动，（尤指行驶中车辆外的）气流
adj. 让空气自由流动的; 流线型的; 气流产生的
分布：气流(99%)，空气的气流(1%)
N-UNCOUNT
空气流动
The airflow around an object or vehicle is the way that the air flows around it.
N-COUNT
气流
An airflow is a wind, especially one that blows very high above the earth.
n. 气流（尤指飞机等产生的）； [流] 空气的流动
 - airstream, slipstream
adj. 让空气自由流动的；气流产生的；流线型的
 - faired, clipper-built

Word: anthropological
Front: anthropological
[ˌænθrəpə'lɒdʒɪkl] (10744/10824)
Back: adj. 人类学的
分布：人类学的(100%)
N-UNCOUNT
人类学
Anthropology is the scientific study of people, society, and culture.

Word: admonition
Front: admonition
[ˌædməˈnɪʃn] (14319/21168)
Vocabulary: admonition
(once / 1422 pages)
n
Bringing a skateboard to school is a great way to get an admonition from a teacher not to ride it down the halls. An admonition is advice with a hint of scolding, a warning not to do something.
When you're cautioned or warned about some mistake you might be just about to make, or some looming danger, you're receiving an admonition. The strength and tone of an admonition determine whether it's a gentle, polite suggestion or more of a stern warning. In Scotland, an admonition is an official legal term that means a verbal punishment for someone who's been found guilty but set free.
WORD FAMILY
admonition: admonitions+/ admonish: admonished, admonisher, admonishes, admonishing, admonishment, admonition, admonitory /admonisher: admonishers/admonishing: admonishingly/admonishment: admonishments/ admonitory: admonitorily
USAGE EXAMPLES
Two FPI-led rallies in Jakarta each drew hundreds of thousands of people, despite admonitions by officials and mainstream Muslim leaders to stay away.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 25, 2016)
His admonition was prescient then, it’s perturbing now.
Time(Dec 21, 2016)
“Children will listen,” or so Sondheim reminds us, in one of the melodic admonitions in a musical filled with them.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 告诫; 劝告; 轻责; （温和的）责备
分布：警告(77%)，劝告(23%)
[ˌæd.mə'nɪʃ.ən] (also admonishment) formal
noun countable
■a piece of advice that is also a warning to someone about their behaviour 劝诫；忠告；警告；责备
• The most common parental admonition must surely be "Don't stay out late". 父母告诫孩子最多的话肯定是“别在外面呆到太晚”。
n. 警告
 - warning, caveat

Word: antidepressant
Front: antidepressant
[ˌæntidɪˈpresnt] (23364/30083)
Vocabulary: antidepressant
(once / 9030 pages)
n
An antidepressant is a drug used to treat depression. Unfortunately, many antidepressants have unwanted side effects.
Depression is a form of extreme sadness, when you're so sad that it impairs your ability to function. Words starting with anti are the opposite or go against other things. Antidepressants, then, are drugs that fight depression. If you’re depressed, a doctor can prescribe an antidepressant such as Prozac or Zoloft. Antidepressants can improve your mood, but they often have side effects such as weight gain or headaches.
WORD FAMILY
antidepressant: antidepressants+/ depress: depressant, depressed, depresses, depressing, depression, depressive, depressor/depressant: antidepressant, depressants/ depressed: depressedly/ depressing: depressingly/ depression: depressions/depressive: depressives/depressor: depressors
USAGE EXAMPLES
Where Americans see a fire hazard, the Danes see an antidepressant.
New York Times(Dec 24, 2016)
When the therapy is not enough, my team also uses antidepressants to treat people.
Nature(Dec 20, 2016)
Antidepressants were the most common prescription, followed by anxiolytics, sedatives and hypnotics, and antipsychotics.
Time(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 抗抑郁剂
adj. 抗抑郁的
分布：抗抑郁剂(76%)，抗抑郁的(24%)
→前缀anti-, 相对，相反。depressant，抑郁。

Word: acropolis
Front: acropolis
[ə'krɒpəlɪs] (26671/25503)
Back: n. 古希腊城市的卫城，雅典的卫城
分布：雅典的卫城(100%)
→词根acer, 尖的，高的。词根pol, 城市，同police, 城市保护者。
n. （古希腊都城的）卫城；城堡
 - castle, chateau

Word: appreciative
Front: appreciative
[əˈpri:ʃətɪv] (12559/13997 -1)
Vocabulary: appreciative
(once / 1740 pages)
adj
If you do a friend a favor, your friend will probably be appreciative, meaning grateful. Use appreciative to describe words and actions that are positive, either out of gratitude or respect.
If you know that appreciation is a type of respect and admiration, then you won't be surprised by the meanings of appreciative. Children should be appreciative of everything their parents do to take care of them. We can also say a positive review is appreciative, showing that the critic likes and appreciates the subject of the review. Appreciative words and gestures are always positive and respectful.
WORD FAMILY
appreciative: appreciatively, appreciativeness, unappreciative+/ appreciable: appreciably, inappreciable/ appreciate: appreciable, appreciated, appreciates, appreciating, appreciation, appreciative, appreciator/ appreciated: unappreciated / appreciation: appreciations/appreciator: appreciators/inappreciable: inappreciably/unappreciative: unappreciatively
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Mike is very appreciative but very particular,” she said.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
The hunters eat this final course with appreciative silence.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
“I’m appreciative of the hard work and dedication shown by our staff to put on two NFL games in 24 hours.”
Washington Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 感激的; 有欣赏力的; 表示赞赏的
分布：感激的(100%)
有欣赏力的(appreciate+ive)[prais,preci=value表示"价值"]
感谢的;赞赏的(appreciate欣赏)[-arive表形容词."有…倾向(性质)的"]
感谢的(ap+preci价值...给予价值)[-ive 1.表形容词2.表名词后缀,"人或物"]
US [-tˌɪv] adjective
■showing that you understand how good something is, or are grateful for something 有鉴赏力的；感激的
• It's nice to have an appreciative audience. 为有欣赏力的观众表演感觉很好。
• I'm very appreciative of all the support you've given me. 你一直那么支持我，我非常感激。
appreciative, grateful
这组词都有“感谢的、感激的”的意思，其区别是：
appreciative: 与greatful基本同义，但语气较强，侧重以行动或言语来感谢。
grateful: 普通用词，侧重因对方的恩惠、好意或帮助，从内心产生的感激之情。
adj. 感激的；赏识的；有欣赏力的；承认有价值的
 - obliged, indebted

Word: aviator
Front: aviator
[ˈeɪvieɪtə(r)] (托 15541/25987)
Vocabulary: aviator
(once / 2347 pages)
n
An aviator is a pilot. Every aircraft you see in the sky has an aviator in it.
Aviation is the science that makes airplanes and other vehicles that fly through the air. An aviator is someone who flies one of those vehicles. This is kind of an old-fashioned word: these days, you're much more likely to hear aviators referred to as pilots. Some aviators work for airlines, while others own private planes. Helicopters and blimps have aviators too.
WORD FAMILY
aviator: aviators+/aviate: aviated, aviating, aviation, aviator
USAGE EXAMPLES
He was wearing aviator sunglasses, like a proper pilot should, while I squinted at the bright morning sky.
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
The other teams affected by Tuesday’s news are the Ohio Aviators, the Sacramento Express and the San Diego Breakers.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
Off the course he was a businessman, aviator and philanthropist.
Golf Digest(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: n. <旧>飞机驾驶员，飞行员
分布：飞行员(100%)
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable old-fashioned
■an aircraft pilot 飞行员
• Amy Johnson was a pioneering aviator who made record-breaking flights to Australia and South Africa in the 1930s. 艾美‧约翰逊是一位飞行先驱，她在20世纪30年代完成了到澳大利亚和南非的飞行，打破了前人的纪录。
n. [航] 飞行员
 - pilot, amn

Word: augean

Word: autonomic
Front: autonomic
[ˌɔ:tə'nɒmɪk] (23553/17882)
Back: adj. 自主的，不受意志支配的
分布：自律的(59%)，自主的(41%)
adj. [植] 自律的；自治的
 - self-governing

Word: attainable
Front: attainable
[əˈteɪnəbl] (17650/18781)
Vocabulary: attainable
(once / 1720 pages)
adj
You can do it, no doubt about it. Yes, your goal is attainable: within reach and not too difficult to achieve.
Attainable has roots in Latin words that mean “to reach” and “to touch.” If you can reach it and you can touch it, you’ve practically got it, and it’s clearly attainable. The box on the top shelf is attainable once you get a chair to stand on. Saving enough money for a car is an attainable goal if you’ve got a job that pays well. Keep visiting this site and a good vocabulary is attainable — guaranteed.
WORD FAMILY
attainable: attainability, attainableness, unattainable +/ attain: attainable, attained, attaining, attainment, attains/ attainment: attainments/ unattainable: unattainableness, unattainably
USAGE EXAMPLES
Peace in the Middle East would be more attainable than getting that nose right.
Salon(Dec 30, 2016)
Her coach is Gregory Serper, a grandmaster, the highest title attainable other than world champion, and held for life.
Seattle Times(Dec 24, 2016)
That sounds more attainable than Carolina leapfrogging five teams to the front of the line for the final wild-card spot.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 可到达的，可得到的
分布：可达到的(72%)，可获得的(28%)
可达到的(attain+able→获得[tain,ten,tin=hold表示"拿住"]
formal
adjective
■possible to achieve 可以达到的；可以获得的
• We must ensure that we do not set ourselves goals that are not attainable. 我们切不可给自己定下一些无法实现的目标。
adj. 可得到的；可达到的；可到达的
 - visible, gainable

Word: boar
Front: boar
[bɔ:(r)] (14161/10490 -1)
Back: n. （未阉的）公猪; 公猪肉; 野猪
分布：野猪(82%)，公猪(18%)
→词源同bad, 古义狂野的。
US [bɔ:r] noun countable
■a male pig kept for breeding on a farm, or a type of wild pig 种猪；野猪 Compare hog ; sow
n. [脊椎] 野猪；（未阉的） [畜牧] 公猪
 - wild pig, babiroussa

Word: biddable
Vocabulary: biddable
(once / 110461 pages)
adj
To remember biddable, which means "obedient" and "capable of being trained," think: "able" to do your "bidding."
Certain breeds of dog, such as Golden Retrievers, are prized for their biddability. In other words, they are easy to housebreak, and you can train them to do tricks. Headstrong dachshunds are not known to be biddable. Bark "sit" and "stay" commands all you like, they listen only when it conveniences them. And cats? Your cat is likely evaluating how biddable you are turning out to be.
TASTY MORSELS
Vocabulary Shout-Out: Susann Cokal for "Biddable"
Writing about The Golem and the Jinni, a first novel by Helene Wecker that was featured on the front page of The New York Times Sunday Book Review last week, Susann Cokal used biddable, a favorite word of dog breeders and trainers, to describe the character of a golem in Wecker's novel.
"In the rabbi’s experience," Cokal writes, "golems can be biddable, but once they awaken to the taste for destruction they become unstoppable and must themselves be destroyed."
Biddable is an old word of Scottish origin that means "obedient" or, more precisely, how "able" (or likely) a creature is to do your "bidding." On biddable's Vocabulary.com Dictionary page, you can see that our usage tracker shows it cropping up in the context of children trained to be models, ego-free dogs, and a discussion of humans versus wild animals as the subject of nature shows on TV.
Come across any outstanding words in your reading this week? Stop to look anything up? Share the word you encountered in a comment below!
WORD FAMILY
biddable: biddablest, biddably+/ bid: bade, biddable, bidden, bidder, bidding, bids, overbid, underbid/bidder: bidders/ bidding: biddings/overbid: overbidden, overbidding, overbids/underbid: underbidding, underbids
USAGE EXAMPLES
Peruvian democracy is stronger than it was in the 1990s, and both the media and civil society are less biddable than they were.
Economist(May 31, 2016)
“Keep this biddable phrase for whispering into a nape from which the absent hair has just been swept.”
The Guardian(Feb 13, 2016)
Throughout, she’s been a hilarious corrective to the notion of models as mute and biddable clotheshorses.
The Guardian(Jun 06, 2015)

Word: barre
Front: barre
[ba:] (29261/28179)
Back: n. （吉他等）食指按弦变音法; 横档; 把杆
分布：扶手(50%)，把杆(50%)
US [bɑ:r] noun countable
■a horizontal bar fixed at a convenient height for dancers to hold on to, in order to help them balance while exercising （练习芭蕾舞用的）把杆，扶手
n. 扶手杠（装在舞蹈演员练功房内墙上）；（箱包的）横档
 - transome, filling bar

Word: beatrix

Word: balaclava
Front: balaclava
[.bælə'klɑːvə] (33438/20360)
Back: n. 巴拉克拉法帽
分布：巴拉克拉法帽(100%)
noun countable
■a closely fitting covering for the head and neck, usually made from wool 巴拉克拉瓦帽

Word: bayonet
Front: bayonet
[ˈbeɪənət] (14964/15857 -1)
Vocabulary: bayonet
(once / 675 pages)
nv
A bayonet is a knife attached to the end of a rifle. This makes the rifle capable of even more violence than before.
This handy extension to the business end of a rifle gets its name from the French city of Bayonne. It's thought to have developed when French peasantry ran out of ammo and stuffed their knives into the muzzles of their muskets. A bayonet makes the rife more versatile: besides shooting people at a distance, it's now more deadly in hand to hand combat. With a bayonet, you've got a gun and knife in one package.
WORD FAMILY
bayonet: bayoneted, bayoneting, bayonets, bayonetted, bayonetting
USAGE EXAMPLES
Douglas’s handsome, unsmiling face is set like a bayonet of contempt.
The Guardian(Dec 09, 2016)
He was wounded three times: shrapnel in his arm, a bayonet to his left wrist and a shattered ear drum from a grenade explosion.
Seattle Times(Dec 03, 2016)
Under the Obama administration’s restrictions, items like grenade launchers, bayonets and armored tracked vehicles were banned from transfer to police departments.
Washington Times(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: n. 刺刀; （比喻）武力
vt. 用刺刀刺，刺杀; 用武力迫使
vi. 用刺刀，劈刺
时态：bayonetted, bayoneting, bayonets
分布：刺刀(86%)，用刺刀刺(14%)
→来自法国地名Bayonne(海湾), 因首次生产该类型刀具而得名。
noun countable
■a long sharp blade fixed on to a rifle (= gun) （枪上的）刺刀

Word: candlelight
Front: candlelight
[ˈkændllaɪt] (11750/16305)
Back: n. 烛光; 暗淡的人造光; 掌灯时分; 薄暮
分布：烛火(100%)
noun uncountable
■the light that a candle produces when it is burning 烛光
n. 烛光；黄昏
 - dark, candle power

Word: boardwalk
Front: boardwalk
[ˈbɔ:dwɔ:k] (13913/35596)
Vocabulary: boardwalk
(once / 11225 pages)
n
A boardwalk is a wooden path along a beach. In some places, it’s just a walkway over the marshes, but in others, it’s where all the action is, like in the song from the 1960’s “Under the Boardwalk.”
Some boardwalks are simply wooden walkways, built so pedestrians can stroll near the water without damaging seaside plants or getting sand in their shoes. Other boardwalks are much larger commercial areas, often even built with concrete rather than wood. One famous boardwalk, in Atlantic City, New Jersey, gives tourists a place to gamble, eat, drink, and buy souvenirs. This boardwalk is, in fact, considered the first in the US and is credited with inspiring the word itself.
WORD FAMILY
boardwalk: boardwalks
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr. Obama and his wife are also fans of cable dramas like “Boardwalk Empire,” “Game of Thrones” and “Breaking Bad.”
New York Times(Jul 02, 2016)
“Simply impossible,” said the Kazakhstan native who runs a shoe repair shop near the Brighton Beach boardwalk.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Glenn was fatally shot May 5, 2015, during a struggle with police near the famed Venice boardwalk.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. （常在海滨）用木板铺成的小道
分布：木板路(90%)，木板铺成的散步道(10%)
→board, 木板。walk, 步行。特指沿海沙滩木栈道，如厦门环岛路木栈道就很值得一游。
US ['bɔ:rd.wɑ:k] US
noun countable
■a path made of wooden boards built along a beach （沿海滩铺成的）木板路

Word: carbide
Front: carbide
['kɑ:baɪd] (26836/37932)
Back: n. 碳化物; 硬质合金
分布：碳化物(94%)，碳化钙(6%)

Word: bray
Front: bray
[breɪ] (宝 23133/16765)
Back: n. 驴叫声，似驴叫的声音; （喇叭的）嘟嘟声
vi. 发出驴叫似的声音; 发嘟嘟声; 粗声粗气地讲话（或大笑）
vt. <英方>猛击; 粗声粗气地说出; 薄薄地涂; 刺耳地发出
时态：brayed, braying, brays
分布：叫(48%)，驴叫声(17%)，喇叭声(14%)，粗声地说(7%)，响(7%)，嘶叫(7%)
→拟声词，模仿驴子的叫声。
verb intransitive
■to make a loud, unpleasant noise like a donkey （驴）叫；发出似驴叫的声音
• The mules suddenly started braying. 骡子突然叫了起来。
• She had a loud, braying laugh. 她发出响亮刺耳的笑声。
vi. 叫；捣碎
 - cry, stamp
vt. 叫
 - heter
n. 驴叫声；喇叭声
 - hee-haw, tantara

Word: cot
Front: cot
[kɒt] (雅 10493/7898 -1)
Vocabulary: cot
(once / 1084 pages)
1n 2n
A cot is a small, portable bed. You might sleep on a cot when you go camping.
Some hotels offer cots for extra guests who stay in your room, and campers and soldiers on the move often use cots for sleeping. A cot's benefits include its light weight and ability to be folded into an easily carried size. In Britain, a cot is a baby bed or crib. Cot has a Hindi source, khat, "couch, bed, or hammock" from the Sanskrit khatva.
WORD FAMILY
cot: cots
USAGE EXAMPLES
An appeal for volunteers to knit cots, wraps and hats for still-born babies saw a big response and items now fill Mr Scully-Sloan's living room.
BBC(Dec 31, 2016)
Earlier this month, they were still sleeping on cots in the living room, surrounded by their belongings in overflowing boxes and storage containers.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
She sat alone on a string cot in her front yard in a village about four hours east of New Delhi, India’s capital.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 小床; 小房子
分布：小屋(33%)，吊床(23%)，棚(11%)，村舍(11%)，鞘(11%)，护套(11%)
→1.幼儿床，来自南印度语。
US [kɑ:t] noun countable UK (US crib)
■a small bed for a baby or young child with high bars round the sides so that the child cannot fall out 婴儿床，小床
US for * camp bed
n. 简易床；小屋；轻便小床
 - shed, cottage

Word: centennial
Front: centennial
[senˈteniəl] (托 10841/43358 -1)
Vocabulary: centennial
(once / 3414 pages)
adjn
If your parents are celebrating their centennial wedding anniversary, make sure you throw them a really big party. Centennial is a word to describe something that has lasted for 100 years — so your parents have been married an unusually long time!
When you notice the cent- bit in the word centennial you probably think of words like century (100 years) and cent (100 pennies that make up a dollar), and that tips you off that centennial has something to do with the number 100. What these words all share in common is an origin in the Latin word centum, meaning 100. In the case of the adjective centennial, the addition of -ennial gives the word its sense of describing a one hundred year anniversary.
WORD FAMILY
centennial: bicentennial, centennials, semicentennial+/bicentennial: bicentennials
USAGE EXAMPLES
The rink itself was placed on a tableau of the No. 100, signifying both the centennial season for both the Leafs and NHL.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Speaking ahead of the Centennial Classic, Bettman reiterated that NHL owners were reluctant to return for a sixth consecutive Olympics.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Yellowstone National Park Superintendent Dan Wenk said his agency lost numerous positions to retirements this year, particularly after the agency’s centennial celebration.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: n. 一百周年（纪念）
adj. 世纪的; 百年纪念的
分布：百年纪念(77%)，一百年的(23%)
N-SING
同 centenary
A centennial is the same as a centenary .
例：The centennial Olympics will be in Atlanta, Georgia.百年奥运盛典将在佐治亚州亚特兰大举行。

Word: chattanooga

Word: cosh
Front: cosh
[kɒʃ] (-/36020)
Back: n. 短棒，护身用的手杖
v. 以短棒攻击
时态：coshed, coshing, coshes
分布：名词(94%)，动词(6%)
→词源不详。可能来自geu, 块，圆块，词源同cob, cod, cudgel.
US [kɑ:ʃ] UK
noun countable (US blackjack)
■a short heavy stick made of metal or rubber used as a weapon （用作武器的）短棍，短棒
UK [kɒʃ] US [kɑ:ʃ] UK
verb transitive
■to hit someone with a cosh 用棍棒打
• He was coshed outside the pub. 他在酒吧外面被人用棍棒打了。

Word: cheetah
Front: cheetah
[ˈtʃi:tə] (宝 18645/17303)
Back: n. <动>（奔跑极快的）非洲猎豹
分布：猎豹(100%)
→来自梵语，来自skai, 照耀，闪光，词源同shine. 因猎豹身上闪耀的黑斑而得名。
【记】cheet＝cheat（v 骗人）：因为它的身上有金钱状斑点，所以我总是误以为天上掉馅饼了。走进一看！原来是豹子！不过我的短跑时速是100公里，正好能逃走，给大家写书。
US [-tˌə] noun countable
■a wild animal of the cat family, with yellowish brown fur and black spots, which can run faster than any other animal 猎豹
• Cheetahs are mainly found in Africa. 猎豹主要生活在非洲。

Word: clinician
Front: clinician
[klɪˈnɪʃn] (10069/13339 -1)
Back: n. 临床医生，门诊医师
分布：临床医生(100%)
[klɪ'nɪʃ.ən] specialized
noun countable
■someone, such as a doctor, who is qualified in an area of very skilled health work 临床医师

Word: cutler

Word: deaden
Front: deaden
[ˈdedn] (宝 23285/23608)
Back: vt. 抑制 （感情），缓和 （疼痛）; 减弱 （声音）
时态：deadened, deadening, deadens
分布：使隔音(60%)，失去活力或光泽(20%)，不快乐.(20%)
verb transitive
■to make something less painful or less strong 缓解，减轻（疼痛）；削弱
• Morphine is often used to deaden the pain of serious injuries. 吗啡常用来缓解重伤引起的疼痛。
• Double glazing has helped to deaden the noise from the motorway. 装上双层玻璃有助于降低高速公路上传来的噪音。
vt. 使减弱；使麻木；隔阻
 - torpify, perish
vi. 变得如死一般；失去活力
 - languish

Word: cylindrical
Front: cylindrical
[səˈlɪndrɪkl] (14895/14987)
Back: adj. 圆柱形的，圆筒状的，气缸（或滚筒）的; 圆筒形
分布：圆柱形的(100%)
adjective
■having the shape of a cylinder (= hollow tube) 圆柱形的
adj. 圆柱形的；圆柱体的
 - columniform

Word: courtly
Front: courtly
[ˈkɔ:tli] (托 17198/20420)
Vocabulary: courtly
(once / 1666 pages)
adj
The word courtly has nothing to do with a basketball court or court of law. Rather, courtly things relate to royal courts: they're sophisticated and grand.
Think about the pomp that surrounds a royal wedding in England, and you'll get a sense of the lavish, expensive, regal nature of courtly things. Nothing courtly is common, cheap, or average. Since kings like the finer things in life, courtly things are similarly extravagant and impressive.
WORD FAMILY
courtly: courtlier, courtliest, courtliness+/ court: courted, courting, courtly, courts, forecourt/courting: courtings/forecourt: forecourts
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ten years ago the danger for Europe was of courtly decline into irrelevance.
Economist(Dec 20, 2016)
“The number of jobs will be in the thousands,” predicted Seman, a courtly, retired middle school principal.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 13, 2016)
I was placed across from Glenn and found him to be cordial and courtly, but somewhat shy.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 谦和而有威严的
分布：典雅的(44%)，有教养的(28%)，庄严的(28%)
US ['kɔ:rt-] adjective
■polite and formal in behaviour 有礼貌的；有教养的；彬彬有礼的
adj. 尊严而有礼貌的；奉承的；有宫廷气派的，威严的
 - august, imperial

Word: currie

Word: decapitation
Front: decapitation
[dɪˌkæpɪ'teɪʃn] (26811/38383)
Back: n. 斩首; 杀头; 断头术; 大辟
分布：斩首(68%)，解雇(16%)，杀头(8%)，撒职(8%)
n. 斩首；解雇；撤职
 - discharge, firing

Word: divorcee
Front: divorcee
[dɪˌvɔ:ˈsi:] (22719/21079)
Back: n. 离婚者
分布：离婚者(100%)
US [dəˌvɔ:r'seɪ] noun countable
■someone who is divorced and who has not married again 离婚的人

Word: ditty
Front: ditty
[ˈdɪti] (宝 21521/23694)
Vocabulary: ditty
(once / 2975 pages)
n
A ditty is a little song or a simple tune. When you're babysitting, you might sing a soft ditty to help a child fall asleep.
A ditty might be a simple nursery rhyme in song form, or even the theme song to your favorite TV show. Ditties are easy to learn, and fairly short and effortless to sing. The word comes from a French word, ditie, "composition, poem, or treatise," from the Latin root dictatum, "thing dictated."
WORD FAMILY
ditty: ditties
USAGE EXAMPLES
Many of these little fables and ditties are, as the title suggests, about God, or matters concerning God.
The New Yorker(Dec 30, 2016)
The saxophonist played a ditty as everyone ran to their cars.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
“I just want people to hear a ditty and carry it around after lunch and maybe help relieve people’s stress a bit,” he said.
Washington Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 小曲，歌谣
分布：小曲(52%)，小调(48%)
→来自拉丁语dictatum, 说，说唱，词源同diction.
【记】kitty猫唱ditty
US ['dɪtˌ-] noun countable
■a short simple song 小曲，小调，短歌
n. 小曲；小调
 - minor, canzonet

Word: detonation
Front: detonation
[ˌdetəˈneɪʃn] (宝 18461/25950)
Vocabulary: detonation
(once / 7797 pages)
n
A detonation is an explosion, usually done on purpose. Nuclear weapons cause massive detonations, and cities sometimes plan a careful detonation of an abandoned building in order to make room for a new structure.
Detonation can be two things: the actual moment someone presses the button that creates the explosion, and then there’s the explosion itself. Its root word is the Latin detonare, which means “thunder down,” and if you’ve ever heard a detonation you understand that phrase well. Not all detonations are bad — like beautiful fireworks or the hilarious detonation of an exploding cigar.
WORD FAMILY
detonation: detonations+/ detonate: detonated, detonates, detonating, detonation, detonative, detonator/detonator: detonators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Almost a year later, another detonation gutted the area again.
Reuters(Dec 20, 2016)
The Antarctic Treaty banned the detonation of all nuclear weapons and dedicated this frozen landscape as a space for peaceful research.
The Guardian(Dec 16, 2016)
The attacks included the detonation of a bomb in Manhattan’s Chelsea neighborhood that injured 30 people.
Seattle Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. 爆炸 （声）
分布：爆炸(71%)，引爆(17%)，爆炸声(12%)
US [ˌdetˌ-] noun countable or uncountable
■when something is detonated 引爆，起爆
• Underground nuclear detonations are believed to have been carried out. 据信已经进行了地下核引爆。
n. 爆炸；爆炸声；爆发
 - blast, burst

Word: debauch
Front: debauch
[dɪ'bɔ:tʃ] (托 36457/46889)
Vocabulary: debauch
(once / 1243 pages)
nv
Debauch is an old word that speaks to an older time. It means to destroy the morals of someone. If you debauch a young girl, you introduce her to immoral activities. A debauch is also an excessive amount of eating or drinking.
To understand debauch, you have to understand a context in which women were considered pure because they were virgins and also because they were generally innocent. Men—often the kind whose lives were spent in a debauch of eating, drinking, using bad language, smoking, etc.—would debauch these women, ruining them for all time, in a bout of debauchery.
WORD FAMILY
debauch: debauched, debauchee, debaucher, debauchery, debauches, debauching+/debauchee: debauchees/debaucher: debauchers/ debauchery: debaucheries
USAGE EXAMPLES
By this hour the scene is even more debauched.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
That’s exactly what directors Josh Gordon and Will Speck do with “Office Christmas Party,” the delightfully debauched holiday desecration we need this year.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
“Bad Santa 2,” starring Billy Bob Thornton as a debauched Kriss Kringle, went straight to moviegoers’ naughty list.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: vt. 使堕落，败坏
时态：debauched, debauching, debauches
分布：放荡(56%)，使堕落(33%)，诱惑(11%)
【记】de向下，bauch＝beam横梁－横梁向下倒塌－堕落de一种卑劣的行为，bauch读：抱吃－一边吃饭，一边抱着somebody，还是一种卑劣的行为－想象……－使堕落
【参】debauchery（n 放荡；沉湎酒色）
vt. 使堕落；使颓废
 - deprave, demoralize
n. 放荡
 - licentiousness, dolce vita
vi. 放荡；诱使做不道德的事
 - sow one's wild oats, easy virtue

Word: despoil
Front: despoil
[dɪˈspɔɪl] (托宝 28620/33302)
Vocabulary: despoil
(once / 2316 pages)
v
Despoil is to spoil, only worse. You may spoil a dinner party by being late, but we all despoil the earth with pollution and over-consumption.
The Latin root of despoil meant "to strip or rob" and although despoil is used more broadly now, it has that sense within it. When we despoil the earth, we rob it of its beauty and strip it of its natural resources. In the same way, invading armies despoil villages by wrecking their houses and raping, or despoiling, the women in them: robbing both of their beauty and innocence.
WORD FAMILY
despoil: despoilation, despoiled, despoiler, despoiling, despoilment, despoils, despoliation+/despoiler: despoilers
USAGE EXAMPLES
The eight-minute “Retribution” starts with her calmly declaiming about materialism despoiling Mother Earth.
New York Times(Nov 04, 2016)
But it is difficult to imagine the villages whole again, with their emptied streets and houses lying in ruin or despoiled by the militants.
Washington Post(Oct 30, 2016)
One Edenic paradise will be despoiled, but another will thrive. Creation and destruction are inextricably linked; so, for that matter, are creation and evolution.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 06, 2016)
Back: vt. 掠夺，抢劫
时态：despoiled, despoiling, despoils
分布：掠夺(55%)，夺取(45%)
→de-, 向下，离开。spoil, 掠夺。即掠夺，夺走。
【记】spoil（v 夺取；损坏）；spoliate（vt 强夺；掠夺）
US [ˌdi:-] formal
verb transitive
■to make a place less attractive especially by taking things away from it by force （尤指掠夺性地）破坏，洗劫
• Many of the tombs had been despoiled. 这些坟墓中有很多都遭到了洗劫。
vt. 掠夺，剥夺；夺取
 - harry, shear, seize

Word: doorman
Front: doorman
[ˈdɔ:mən] (14744/24070)
Vocabulary: doorman
(once / 11773 pages)
n
A doorman's job involves being stationed near a door, to monitor the entrance and hold the door for people as they come and go. Fancy hotels and apartment buildings usually have a doorman.
The doorman at the hotel where you're staying in New York might call a cab for you, or take your suitcase and find a bellhop to carry it to your room. The presence of a doorman can make a building feel more elegant, and also safer — one of a doorman's jobs is keeping an eye on things and providing security. In the UK, a doorman is also called a porter.
WORD FAMILY
doorman: doormen
USAGE EXAMPLES
I lived in a building with a doorman who called me on the house-phone to say my date was here.
Salon(Dec 31, 2016)
“I live by myself, with no roommate and no doorman,” he said.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
There are apps like Doorman that notify you when a package is delivered.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 门卫，门童; 门房
分布：看门人(64%)，门卫(36%)
US ['dɔ:r-] noun countable
■a person whose job is to stand by the door of a hotel or public building and allow people to go in or out, and to open their car doors, etc. 门童，门卫
n. 看门人
 - gatekeeper, ostiary

Word: dote
Front: dote
[dəʊt] (宝 20920/23421)
Vocabulary: dote
(once / 2450 pages)
v
Who doesn't love to have someone dote on them? If you dote on someone, you shower them with love and attention. Sounds like the life!
Parents that dote on their children too much might find themselves in trouble down the road; all that unadulterated devotion is a surefire way to spoil your kid. The problem is that those who are doing the doting are often too smitten to see when the object of their affection is acting like a complete jerk. No wonder dote is related to a German word that means "to be foolish." That connection might also explain the use of dote to mean acting senile in one's later years.
WORD FAMILY
dote: doted, dotes, doting +/ doting: dotingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the doting motherhood Clark displayed was considered a bourgeois indulgence.
New York Times(Jan 12, 2012)
Actually it is the sweet little bat who is frightened, after being separated in the forest from her doting mother.
Seattle Times(Dec 20, 2016)
She spends her days volunteering, exercising, doting on her pups and reading.
Washington Times(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: vi. 溺爱，宠爱，过分地喜爱
时态：doted, doting, dotes
分布：溺爱(100%)
→来自低地德语，糊涂，愚蠢。溺爱义可能来自词根don, 给予，词源同data, donate.
【记】读：逗他（联想老人逗孙子）
【区】dolt（悟空用l逗八戒）傻子：中间有1象金箍棒
US [doʊt] verb
  Phrasal Verbs  dote on sb
■to love someone completely and believe they are perfect 宠爱（某人）；溺爱（某人）
• He dotes on the new baby. 他对刚出生的孩子非常宠爱。
vi. 溺爱；昏聩
 - overindulge
vt. 溺爱
 - overprotect, spoil

Word: embankment
Front: embankment
[ɪmˈbæŋkmənt] (宝 14695/10271 -1)
Back: n. 路堤; 筑堤
分布：堤防(68%)，筑堤(32%)
→em-, 进入，使。bank, 河堤，岸。
堤岸,路基(embank筑堤护卫)[-ment 1.表名词"行为或结果"2.表示具体物]
【记】bank（n 银行；堤岸；一堆土）
noun countable
■an artificial slope made of earth and/or stones 堤，堤岸，堤围；（路）堤
• a river/road/railway embankment 河堤／路堤／铁路路堤
n. [交] 路堤；堤防
 - dike

Word: downstairs
Front: downstairs
[ˌdaʊnˈsteəz] (中高研四 5467/4046 -K)
Vocabulary: downstairs
(once / 517 pages)
adjadv
Something that's downstairs is located below you, down at least one flight of stairs on a lower floor. Your downstairs bathroom is the one on the first floor of your house.
If your baseball breaks a neighbor's downstairs window, it means you hit the ball low, and when your friend says you can stay in his downstairs bedroom, you'll be sleeping on the lowest floor of his house. Downstairs is also an adverb, so you can run downstairs or trip and fall downstairs. Occasionally people also use it as a noun: "The downstairs is a mess, but we painted all of the rooms upstairs."
WORD FAMILY
downstairs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Four days later, after being allowed a fleeting meeting with Pan, he was blindfolded and escorted back downstairs into The Residence’s garage.
The Guardian(Jan 02, 2017)
After lunch, Mr. Trump invited the Indonesians to join him downstairs for a campaign news conference, they said.
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Koa Farmer raced downstairs and into the garage dressed only in his underwear.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: adv. 在楼下; 向[往]楼下
adj. 楼下的
分布：楼下(59%)，在楼下(22%)，楼下的(18%)，向楼下(1%)
ad.在楼下,往楼下We went downstairs from the kitchen to the cellar.我们从厨房走到楼下地下室.
US [-'sterz] adverb
 ADVANCED
■to or on a lower floor of a building, especially the ground floor 朝楼下，在楼下（尤指一层）
• I went downstairs to answer the phone. 我下楼去接电话。
Compare upstairs
adv. 在楼下
 - belowstairs

Word: elegy
Front: elegy
[ˈelədʒi] (宝 19616/24307)
Vocabulary: elegy
(once / 2023 pages)
n
An elegy is a sad poem, usually written to praise and express sorrow for someone who is dead. Although a speech at a funeral is a eulogy, you might later compose an elegy to someone you have loved and lost to the grave.
The purpose of this kind of poem is to express feelings rather than tell a story. Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” is a poem that reflects on the lives of common people buried in a church cemetery, and on the nature of human mortality. The noun elegy was borrowed in the 16th century from Middle French élégie, from Latin elegīa, from Greek elegeia, from elegos "mournful poem or song."
WORD FAMILY
elegy: elegiac, elegies, elegise, elegist, elegize+/ elegiac: elegiacally/elegise: elegising/elegist: elegists/elegize: elegized, elegizes
USAGE EXAMPLES
Vance’s book, “Hillbilly Elegy,” is about his life in the Rust Belt city of Middletown and also in rural Kentucky.
Seattle Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Vance, “The Hillbilly Elegy”: Liberals befuddled by Trump’s victory turned to Vance’s memoir about his relatives in rural Kentucky and Ohio’s rust belt.
Seattle Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Vance’s “Hillbilly Elegy,” about the sufferings and pathologies of the white working class, largely of Scots-Irish descent, in Appalachia and the Rust Belt.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 哀歌，挽歌
分布：挽歌(60%)，哀歌(28%)，悲歌(12%)
→来自希腊语elegos, 哀诗，哀歌。
哀歌[eleg=lament(悲伤)]
【记】dirge（n 挽歌）dirt＋ge歌
noun countable
■a sad poem or song, especially remembering someone who has died or something in the past （尤指怀念故人或往事的）挽歌，挽诗
• Gray's 'Elegy in a Country Churchyard' is a famous English poem. 格雷的《墓园挽歌》是一首著名的英国诗。
n. 挽歌，哀歌
 - keen, threnode

Word: edify
Front: edify
[ˈedɪfaɪ] (托宝 28444/37135)
Vocabulary: edify
(once / 1293 pages)
v
To edify is to help someone understand, whether it is books that edify those who want to learn a new language, or the explanations that hang beside paintings at a museum that edify visitors who aren't familiar with the artist.
If you know that the noun edifice is a synonym for building, you may wonder what the related verb edify has to do with understanding. You can think of something that edifies as the building blocks of what might become a lifelong interest, like an elementary school teacher who edifies the student who becomes an Abraham Lincoln scholar, or an activity you eventually master, like the beginners' lessons that edify new ice skaters.
WORD FAMILY
edify: edification, edified, edifies, edifying +/ edification: edifications/ edifying: edifyingly, unedifying
USAGE EXAMPLES
As the priests will soon learn, the consequences of answering God’s call are not always so clear or edifying.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The second four carried on the same edifying theme, but may be Anne's original work.
BBC(Nov 23, 2016)
However, Mr. Trump’s behavior and campaign rhetoric of misogyny and bigotry didn’t predicate an election edifying “the beating heart of American democracy.”
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: vt. 开导，启发
时态：edified, edifying, edifies
分布：启发(67%)，教导(11%)，薰陶(11%)，训导(11%)
→来自aidh, 燃烧，词源同ash, ether. 原指火炉，引申义居住地，大厦。-fy,做，建造。即建造大厦的，树立起榜样的。
【记】edi吃－吃下去－启发；陶冶其实edify是源于edifice的：edifice原是建筑的意思，引申为精神上的建筑－edify
【参】edible（adj 可食用的）；edacious（adj 暴食的）edification（n 陶治；教悔），edifying（adj 开导的；启发的）
formal
verb transitive
■to improve someone's mind 教化，启迪，教诲
vt. 熏陶；启发；教诲
 - suggest, enlighten

Word: exoneration
Front: exoneration
[ɪɡˌzɒnə'reɪʃn] (28718/-)
Back: n. 免罪，免除
分布：免除(50%)，免罪(50%)
【反】incrimination（n 连累；控告）；censure（v /n 责难）
n. 免除；免罪
 - exemption, immunity

Word: figurine
Front: figurine
[ˈfɪgəri:n] (宝 13120/22631)
Vocabulary: figurine
(once / 19313 pages)
n
A figurine is a small carved or molded statue, especially one in the shape of a person. If you have an extensive collection of figurines, you need to keep them high up and safe so your kids don't break them.
The word figurine is from the Italian word figurina, which itself is based on the Latin word figura, which means shape, body, or figure. You can buy all sorts of figurines. If you like movies, you can collect figurines that depict famous movie characters. You can also get figurines of comic book heroes. It's even common to have the figurine of a saint.
WORD FAMILY
figurine: figurines
USAGE EXAMPLES
Wells purchased the figurine that night and the team brought it to the banquet.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Ali’s collection of Christmas decorations includes Santa figurines another longtime patient left her in a will.
Seattle Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Chief Marc McNeal says the fire was most likely caused by the electric lights that illuminated the figurines.
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 小雕像，小塑像
分布：小雕像(54%)，小塑像(46%)
→来自figure, 雕像。-ine, 小词后缀。
小塑像(figure形体;塑像+ine)[-ine 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人或女人"3.表名词"状态,药物等"]
【记】figure（n 外形；体形vt 塑造），ine小－小体形－小雕像
US [-jə-] noun countable
■a small model of a human, usually made of clay or porcelain （陶瓷）小雕像，小塑像
n. 小雕像，小塑像
 - statuette

Word: emulation
Front: emulation
[ˌemjʊ'leɪʃn] (21705/13347)
Vocabulary: emulation
(once / 2641 pages)
1n 2n
Emulation is the effort to act like someone else. Your emulation of your older brother on the tennis court might create a rivalry between you, as you become a better player.
Emulation comes from the Latin aemulat- meaning "rivaled, equaled," but we usually use emulation in a non-competitive sense, like the emulation of a role model. Having a role model can be useful. Your emulation of that person can help keep you focused toward your goal. It's when that admiration turns into a competitive obsession that emulation becomes a problem. In computing, emulation is the technique used so one machine gets the same results as another.
WORD FAMILY
emulation: emulations+/ emulate: emulated, emulates, emulating, emulation, emulator/emulator: emulators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Microsoft said it would use so-called emulation technology to address the compatibility issue.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 08, 2016)
The album shares the perils of all revivalism: that it’s an emulation and pastiche rather than an invention, that it’s nostalgic rather than contemporary.
New York Times(Dec 07, 2016)
In the hall, in emulation of the dung beetle, the artist constructed a ball of knotted white sheets five feet across.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. 仿效; 竞赛; 努力追上并超越; 竞争
分布：竞争(55%)，效法(35%)，努力追上并超越(10%)
n. [计] 仿真；竞争；效法
 - simulation, competition, war, struggle

Word: eugenics
Front: eugenics
[ju:ˈdʒenɪks] (21190/27919)
Vocabulary: eugenics
(once / 7351 pages)
n
Eugenics is the idea that you can engineer a better human population by breeding for certain genes. Since such a program would entail ranking human beings and the desirability of their genes, eugenics is widely considered unethical.
The term eugenics was coined in 1883 by Francis Galton, a cousin of Charles Darwin, and it comes from the Greek roots eu- "good" and genos "birth." Galton believed that the human race could be improved by encouraging people who have "good" genes to marry early and have lots of children, and discouraging people with "bad" genes from procreating at all. Nazi Germany provided a horrifying example of such a program at work, and eugenics is now seen as abhorrent.
WORD FAMILY
eugenic: eugenically, eugenics
USAGE EXAMPLES
Liberals joined his efforts in recent years to compensate Virginians who were forcibly sterilized between 1924 and 1979 under a state eugenics program.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Following the Civil War, false claims about threats to the “white race” influenced the rising eugenics movement, Ross explained.
Salon(Dec 29, 2016)
Followers of the eugenics campaign believed that people they deemed genetically “unfit” shouldn’t be allowed to reproduce.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: n. 优生学
分布：优生学(100%)
→eu-, 好的。-gen, 生育，词源同gene, generate.
优生学(eu+gen产出＋ics→产生优秀(后代)→优秀生)[eu-表示"好,优秀"]
优生学(eu好+gen+ics→产生好的→优生学)[gen,gener,genit=birth,produce,表示"出生,产生"]
[ju:'dʒen.ɪks] specialized
noun uncountable
■the study of methods of improving humans by allowing only carefully chosen people to reproduce 优生学；人种改良学
• Eugenics was the central, and most controversial, part of his social philosophy. 优生学是他社会哲学体系的中心问题，也是最具争议性的问题。
n. [遗] [医] 优生学
 - orthogenics, aristogenics

Word: expendable
Front: expendable
[ɪkˈspendəbl] (18456/22166)
Vocabulary: expendable
(once / 24023 pages)
adj
Anything expendable is not necessary — it can be done without. If you lose or use expendable funds, you won't miss the money.
None of us wants to be called expendable — that means we could be replaced. If a football team isn't worried about certain players leaving for another team, then those players are expendable: they won't be missed and won't disrupt things if they leave. In war, some people are considered more expendable than others: a soldier is more expendable than a general, because there are far fewer generals. In any country, the least expendable person is the president or other leader of the nation. That's why they get so much protection from their security guards, who are considered much more expendable.
WORD FAMILY
expendable: unexpendable+/ expend: expendable, expended, expender, expending, expenditure, expends, expensive /expended: unexpended/ expenditure: expenditures/ expensive: expensively, expensiveness, inexpensive/inexpensive: inexpensively, inexpensiveness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Coincidentally, Norris was expendable because the Nationals viewed Ramos as their future catcher.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
But Soler, as talented as he is, was expendable in Chicago, a product of the organization’s robust player development system.
Washington Post(Dec 07, 2016)
And despite representing the essential toughness of a team, the offensive line is, in large part, the most expendable, least valued unit on the roster.
The Guardian(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 可消费的，值得消耗的
分布：可牺牲的(34%)，消耗品(32%)，可消耗的(18%)，牺牲品(16%)
adjective
■If someone or something is expendable, people can do something or deal with a situation without them 可有可无的；无关紧要的；不必要的
• No one likes to think that they're expendable. 谁也不愿意认为自己是可以随便牺牲的。
adj. 可消费的；排出的；不重复使用的；可牺牲的
 - consumable
n. 消耗品
 - consumable supplies

Word: flask
Front: flask
[flɑ:sk] (六雅宝 14030/10066 -1)
Vocabulary: flask
(once / 1168 pages)
n
A flask is a small container that holds a liquid. Most flasks have a squarish body and a small neck for drinking or pouring. Don't try sneaking a flask into your tube sock.
There are several different kinds of flasks, including a "hip flask," small enough to fit in a pocket, for carrying and surreptitiously sipping alcoholic beverages. Chemists use another type of flask in the laboratory, which has a wide bottom and a small mouth and is made of glass. And in Britain, a flask is also a vacuum-sealed container that keeps drinks hot, usually called a "Thermos" in the US.
WORD FAMILY
flask: flaskful, flasks+/flaskful: flaskfuls
USAGE EXAMPLES
With all the hallmarks of a village inn, The Flask is very close to Highgate Cemetery - the burial place of Karl Marx.
BBC(Jan 02, 2017)
It's then stored in an insulated tank, similar to a large thermos flask.
BBC(Dec 09, 2016)
She is setting out the cylindrical food flask full of jollof rice and chicken.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Back: n. 瓶，长颈瓶; [化]烧瓶; 火药筒; [机]沙箱
分布：烧瓶(76%)，细颈瓶(20%)，小水瓶(4%)
→来自plek, 转，编织，词源同ply, complicate, flax. 引申义制陶等容器，陶器，瓶罐。比较cruse, crockery.
【记】flask里是用来烧flash（v /n 闪光）的东西的！Fl＝fly，ask：联想神话故事中有一个神仙可以从海里漂浮的瓶子中飞出来，然后你在提出三个要求，他可以满足你。
US [flæsk] noun countable
HOT DRINKS 热饮 UK (US trademark Thermos)
■a special container that keeps drinks hot or cold 保温瓶
• a flask of coffee/tea 一保温瓶的咖啡／茶
UK [flɑ:sk] US [flæsk] noun countable
ALCOHOL 酒
■a flat bottle that is used to carry alcohol in your pocket （装于口袋里的）扁酒瓶
• a hip flask 小扁酒瓶
UK [flɑ:sk] US [flæsk] noun countable
SCIENCE 科学
■a glass container for liquids which has a wide base and a narrow neck and which is used in a laboratory 长颈瓶；烧瓶
n. [分化] 烧瓶；长颈瓶，细颈瓶；酒瓶，携带瓶
 - lagena, winebottle

Word: forewarn
Front: forewarn
[fɔ:ˈwɔ:n] (22519/20901)
Vocabulary: forewarn
(once / 4199 pages)
v
When you forewarn your friend about the pop quiz in math, you let her know beforehand that it's happening.
You should forewarn your friends about the highway construction that might slow them down when they come to visit you, and you could forewarn your shy exchange student that your dad likes to interrogate people at the dinner table. The verb forewarn combines fore, as in "before" or "early," with warn, "inform of danger or problems." You may have heard of the proverb "forewarned is forearmed," which means you're at an advantage if you know what's coming in advance.
WORD FAMILY
forewarn: forewarned, forewarning, forewarns+/ forewarning: forewarnings/ warn: forewarn, warned, warner, warning, warns/warner: warners/ warning: warningly, warnings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Not that being forewarned aided the Liverpool goalkeeper.
The Guardian(Dec 11, 2016)
Forewarned by the grocery store display, I remembered to buy the candles early this year — to be prepared for the season of preparation.
Washington Post(Nov 25, 2016)
Be forewarned, I like my comfort food with a bit of flair and plenty of warm cheese.
Seattle Times(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: vt. 预先警告，事先告知
时态：forewarned, forewarning, forewarns
分布：预先警告(63%)，事先告知(37%)
US [fɔ:r'wɔ:rn] verb transitive
■to tell someone that something unpleasant is going to happen 预先警告，事先告诫
• [+ (that)] The employees had been forewarned (that) the end-of-year financial results would be poor. 雇员们已得到预先警告，年底的财政状况会很糟。
UK [fɔ:'wɔ:n] US [fɔ:r'wɔ:rn] verb transitive
Forewarned is forearmed. saying
■said to mean that if you know about something before it happens, you can be prepared for it 先知先戒备；有备无患
vt. 预先警告
 - previse, premonish

Word: frieze
Front: frieze
[fri:z] (宝 19969/15973)
Vocabulary: frieze
(once / 3008 pages)
1n 2n
A frieze is a decorative band, usually, but not always, above a doorframe or on the wall near the ceiling. You may find a frieze of sculptured angels too formal for the trim of your bedroom wall.
You might not think of a frieze in the same category as a painting or a statue, but it can be a true work of art. One famous frieze is painted in a large circle on the inside of the United States Capitol building; it shows famous events in American history. Another is at the Parthenon, a temple from ancient Greece. Don’t confuse frieze with the more common term freeze, though they are pronounced the same way.
WORD FAMILY
frieze: friezes
USAGE EXAMPLES
There is a sumptuous mosaic ceiling, with marble columns and copper clay friezes.
BBC(Jan 02, 2017)
It was just below a section of the Rotunda’s “Frieze of American History” that restorers found etched: “A Ports R Nelson 1875.”
Washington Post(Nov 15, 2016)
Art Basel and Frieze each attract about 100,000 over five days.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. （柱顶过梁和挑檐间的）雕带，（墙顶的）饰带
分布：檐壁(37%)，横饰带(27%)，一种厚粗绒(18%)，带状雕刻(18%)
→来自拉丁语Phrygia, 古希腊地名，位于今小亚细亚土耳其一带，因盛产丝织刺绣品而著名。比较Doric, gallery.
【源】源于：Phrygia（n 佛里吉亚－小亚细亚中西部古国，位于今天的土耳其中部。受到过吕底亚古国、波斯、希腊、罗马和拜占庭的统治，所以其建筑风格有一点Byzantium）
【参】freeze（v 使结冰；使冷冻；冻结）
noun countable
■a narrow piece of decoration along a wall, either inside a room or on the outside of a building just under the roof （室内或屋顶下方墙壁的）檐壁饰带
n. 带状物；起绒粗呢
 - ribbon

Word: frippery
Front: frippery
[ˈfrɪpəri] (38273/37004)
Vocabulary: frippery
(once / 13696 pages)
n
Frippery is something showy but trivial. You might think you need a feather boa, but your sister might say it’s just frippery.
Frippery comes from the French word friperie for "old clothes,” and originally, frippery referred to old, trashy and maybe even tawdry clothes. From there, the word spread to include other kinds of things that aren't worth much. Often, frippery refers to nonsense, or language that is empty and just a lot of hot air. Use this word when you want to say something is showy but ultimately empty of value.
WORD FAMILY
frippery: fripperies
USAGE EXAMPLES
The interior of the building is festooned with festive frippery.
The Guardian(Dec 22, 2016)
Midweeks free of fripperies and clutter like Champions League games have helped take Chelsea back to the top of the league.
The Guardian(Nov 21, 2016)
Critics cried frippery even as they lauded the cuisine.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. 便宜而俗艳的服装，无用的东西
分布：便宜而俗艳的服装(63%)，无用的东西(37%)
→来自古法语fripe, 破布，旧衣物，拟声词，破碎的，词源同frappe.后来讽刺的用于指俗丽的装饰品，装饰物等。
US ['-ɚ-] noun countable or uncountable disapproving
■a silly decoration or other unnecessary object 俗丽的装饰品；无用的物件
• fashion fripperies 无用的时髦物件
n. 无用的东西；便宜而俗艳的服装
 - dead dog

Word: gangmaster
Front: gangmaster
[ˈgæŋmɑ:stə(r)] None
Back: n. 工长，工头，（一群工人的）雇主; 把头
分布：工头(50%)，工长(50%)
US [-ˌmæs.tɚ] noun countable UK
■someone who employs a large number of workers, often illegally and for very little money （通常是大批非法劳工的，且只发放微薄薪金的）雇主
• The Home Secretary has promised that the gangmasters responsible for immigration crime would be ruthlessly targeted. 内政大臣已经作出承诺，将对涉嫌组织偷渡的雇主作出毫不留情的打击。
n. 工长；工头；雇主
 - employer, boss

Word: girth
Front: girth
[gɜ:θ] (宝 18049/20793)
Vocabulary: girth
(once / 2873 pages)
nv
The girth of something is the distance around its middle, and it usually refers to a person’s waist. If you get pregnant with twins, your girth will probably block your view of your toes.
One can measure the girth — diameter of the mid-section — of an airplane, tree trunk, or anything cylindrical, but it most often describes a large human waist. A rail-thin person doesn’t have a “minuscule girth,” but when Aunt Velma has her seventh helping of lasagna and has to unbuckle her belt, her girth has outsized her attire. Girth can also mean a strap that encircles the belly of a horse, mule, or other animal to secure a load.
WORD FAMILY
girth: girthed, girthing, girths
USAGE EXAMPLES
But with his glasses, girth and thinning silver hair, Gold also resembles another broadcasting staple, retiring CBS announcer Verne Lundquist.
Seattle Times(Dec 27, 2016)
An aging bald man of not insignificant girth, Joe appeared to have made it onto the Secret Service’s managerial track.
Salon(Nov 30, 2016)
Its girth made it bigger, but the Big Tree towered over it by about 40 feet.
Seattle Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 周长，（马等的）肚带，腰身
v. 以带束缚; 围绕; 包围; 围长为
时态：girthed, girthing, girths
分布：尺寸(43%)，包围(17%)，周围长度(8%)，给 ... 缚上肚带(8%)，腰带(8%)，量周长(8%)，带尺(8%)
→来自gird, 围， 绕。
US [gɝ:θ] noun
MEASUREMENT 测量
countable or uncountable
■the distance around the outside of a thick or fat object, like a tree or a body 围长；干围；腰围
• The oak was 2 metres in girth. 这棵橡树干围长两米。
• humorous His ample girth was evidence of his love of good food. 他那粗大的腰身显示他极其贪吃。
UK [gɜ:θ] US [gɝ:θ] noun
HORSE EQUIPMENT 马具
countable
■the strap which goes around the middle of a horse to keep the saddle (= rider's seat) or the load in the right position （固定马鞍或鞍上货物的）肚带
• Loosen the girth a little. 把马的肚带松一松。
n. 周长；围长；肚带
 - perimeter, circumference
vt. 围绕；包围
 - invest, case, enclose

Word: gaunt
Front: gaunt
[gɔ:nt] (雅宝 15460/15556 -1)
Vocabulary: gaunt
(once / 823 pages)
adj
You can never be too rich or too thin, but you certainly can be too gaunt. It means you look skinny like you're sick, not skinny like you have a personal nutritionist slapping your hand when you reach for a bonbon.
A good way to remember gaunt is that it rhymes with haunt, and gaunt people look pale, drawn, and wasted — like you'd expect a haunting ghost to appear. Another way to remember it is that g- + aunt is like great-aunt, and often when you appear to be gaunt you look like you're old — like your Great Aunt Mildred.
WORD FAMILY
gaunt: gaunter, gauntest, gauntly, gauntness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Their common ancestor was John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, fourth son of King Edward III and father of Henry IV.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
In Scorsese’s film, a gaunt Garfield portrays a priest grappling with a flagging faith while on a mission in 17th century feudal Japan.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Dr. Gaunt, who is an ethnomusicologist and social media researcher, agreed.
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 憔悴的; 骨瘦如柴的; 荒凉的
n. 憔悴，荒凉
级别：gaunter, gauntest
分布：憔悴的(64%)，荒凉的(36%)
→词源不详。可能来自gander, 公鹅，用来形容瘦高个的人。
【记】g割，aunt姑奶奶－把aunt的肉一片一片的割下来－gaunttaunt（vt 嘲弄；奚落）踢aunt；总是taunt，aunt就会gaunt
US [gɑ:nt] adjective
■very thin, especially because of illness or hunger （尤指由于疾病或饥饿）瘦削的，骨瘦如柴的，憔悴的
• Her face was gaunt and grey. 她瘦削的脸面如死灰。
■literary
■empty and not attractive 荒凉的；平淡无奇的；难看的
• The house looked gaunt and unwelcoming. 这座房子看上去很荒凉，令人望而却步。
adj. 憔悴的；荒凉的；枯瘦的
 - wild, desert

Word: gallant
Front: gallant
[ˈgælənt] (托宝 17058/11906 -1)
Vocabulary: gallant
(once / 223 pages)
adjn
If you volunteered to deal with removing a huge, hairy spider from your bathroom ceiling, your whole family would be grateful for your gallant actions. The adjective gallant means "heroic or brave."
In the past, gallant was used to describe a man's behavior toward a woman, especially if he saved her from something or helped her with something she was unable to do on her own. It can still be used that way, but more often it describes any kind of bravery, and it is just as correct to describe a woman's bravery as gallant as it is a man's.
WORD FAMILY
gallant: gallanter, gallantest, gallantly, gallants, ungallant+/ungallant: ungallantly
USAGE EXAMPLES
When they lapsed, there were reports of “gallant troops” who “fought gamely” in a “battle royal” by means of “raids on entrenchments.”
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
This is the most bracing song on Gallant’s beautiful debut album “Ology,” a collection of spacious R&B rooted in 1980s-inflected experimentation.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
As the cavalier, he was gallant and sure; as Drosselmeier he combined mystery and playfulness.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 堂皇的; 壮丽的; 勇敢的; （对女子）献殷勤的
n. 时髦的青年男子; 对妇女献殷勤的男人; 情人
v. 向（女子）献殷勤
分布：英勇的(36%)，华丽的(25%)，献殷勤(13%)，雄伟的(11%)，时髦男士(5%)，求爱者(5%)，对女子殷勤的男士(5%)
→来自wel, 意愿，希望，词源同will.即按照自己的意愿做事的，勇敢的。
US [gə'lænt] adjective
BRAVE 勇敢的 formal approving
■showing no fear of dangerous or difficult things 英勇的；勇敢的；无畏的
• Despite fierce competition she made a gallant effort to win the first medal of the championships. 面对激烈的竞争，她顽强拼搏，终于夺得了锦标赛的首面奖牌。
UK ['gæl.ənt] US [gə'lænt] adjective
POLITE 礼貌的 formal
■(of a man) polite and kind towards women, especially when in public （尤指男子在公众场合）对女子殷勤有礼的
• That wasn't very gallant of you, Paul, pushing a young lady out of the way like that! 保罗，那样子推开一位年轻女士可真没风度。
adj. 英勇的，勇敢的；华丽的；雄伟的
 - bold, game, brave, magnificent

Word: giraffe
Front: giraffe
[dʒəˈrɑ:f] (中高 15421/20489)
Back: n. 长颈鹿
分布：长颈鹿(100%)
→来自阿拉伯语。
US [-'ræf] (plural giraffes or giraffe)
noun countable ADVANCED
■a large African animal with a very long neck and long legs 长颈鹿

Word: gemini

Word: haw
Front: haw
[hɔ:] (26147/37695)
Back: n. 山楂; 吆喝牲畜左转; 瞬膜; 呃
v. （使）向左转，支吾
时态：hawed, hawing, haws
分布：山楂(22%)，使向左转(18%)，山楂果(18%)，吆喝牲畜左转(12%)，支吾(12%)，向左转(12%)，发出呃声(6%)
→拟声词。haw 山楂
US [hɑ:] verb
hum and haw
■ See at hum
n. 山楂，山楂果；吆喝牲畜左转；瞬膜
 - hawthorn, hawkthorn
vi. 向左转
 - turn to the left, bear left

Word: humbug
Front: humbug
[ˈhʌmbʌg] (27711/21474)
Vocabulary: humbug
(once / 1715 pages)
nv
Humbug is language that's either deceptive or just ridiculous. Either way, it's verbal garbage and inspires people to mutter "Bah! Humbug!" — just like Scrooge did in "A Christmas Carol."
Humbug is one of many words in English for language that can't be trusted. Humbug is like snake oil: it's deceptive, tricky, and meant to put one over on you. There's a slightly different type of humbug that refers to nonsense: speech or writing that's silly, pretentious, or just empty. When someone is talking a lot but saying nothing, they're talking humbug.
WORD FAMILY
humbug: humbugged, humbugging, humbugs
USAGE EXAMPLES
After an initial ‘humbug’ moment, architect Bernie Baker weaves a story of contemporary redemption.
Seattle Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Here are some ways to say bah humbug to these costly, wasteful ways and embrace a green Christmas in 2016.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
No humbug here: Every year, the library displays the original manuscript of Charles Dickens’s “A Christmas Carol.”
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 欺骗; 虚伪; 骗子; 薄荷硬糖
vi. 行骗
vt. 欺骗
时态：humbugged, humbugging, humbugs
分布：骗子(34%)，欺骗(27%)，谎话(13%)，欺诈(13%)，行骗(13%)
→hum,嗡嗡叫，欺骗，bug,鬼怪，鬼魂。引申词义谎言，骗人的把戏。
noun
DISHONESTY 不诚实
uncountable
■dishonest talk, writing or behaviour that is intended to deceive people 谎话；骗局；花招
• the usual political humbug 司空见惯的政治花招
['hʌm.bʌg] noun
SWEET 糖果
countable UK
■a hard sweet, usually with a mint taste and strips of two different colours on the outside （通常带双色条纹的）薄荷味硬糖
• mint humbugs 薄荷糖
n. 骗子；欺骗；谎话
 - fraud, sharp
vt. 欺骗；哄骗
 - sell, fox, kid, trick
vi. 行骗
 - mountebank

Word: headstrong
Front: headstrong
[ˈhedstrɒŋ] (托雅宝 22791/22381)
Vocabulary: headstrong
(once / 3638 pages)
adj
Headstrong describes something that's disobedient or willful. If you're headstrong, you want to do what you want to do. When you refuse to complete your homework because you want to watch a football game, you're being headstrong.
A closer look at the word headstrong can give you a hint to its meaning — the combination of the words head and strong. You're determined to have your own way because you have a strong belief that your view — what you have in your head — is the best one. Being a headstrong person is not always a bad thing. Sometimes headstrong people make history because they fight traditional values or outdated rules that need to be changed.
WORD FAMILY
headstrong: headstrongest
USAGE EXAMPLES
"She's quite opinionated and headstrong about her decisions," laughs Mrs Tejada.
BBC(Nov 28, 2016)
Cuban lore has it that he was headstrong and fanatical even as a boy.
New York Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Perhaps this was not surprising for someone who had been apprenticed at age 12 to his similarly headstrong older brother.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 任性的，刚愎自用的
分布：顽固的(48%)，任性的(33%)，刚愎的(19%)
→head,头，strong,强壮的，强硬的。
【反】tractable（adj 易驾驭的；易管教的；易处理的）
US [-strɑ:ŋ] adjective
■very determined to do what you want without listening to others 任性的，固执的，刚愎自用的
• She was a headstrong child, always getting into trouble. 她是个任性的孩子，老是惹麻烦。
adj. 任性的；顽固的；刚愎的
 - resistant, self-willed

Word: idiotic
Front: idiotic
[ˌɪdiˈɒtɪk] (托 17349/20992)
Vocabulary: idiotic
(once / 2325 pages)
adj
Something that's idiotic is very, very stupid. It would be idiotic to turn down your lottery winnings because you're too lazy to go claim them.
An idiotic song is boring, repetitive and has ridiculous lyrics, and an idiotic TV show is badly written and terribly acted. Your dad might describe his dog as idiotic if she manages to find a skunk every single time she goes outdoors. The adjective idiotic is informal, and it comes from the Latin idioticus, "uneducated or ignorant," with the Greek root idiotikos, "unprofessional or unskilled."
WORD FAMILY
idiotic: idiotically+/ idiocy: idiocies/ idiot: idiocy, idiotic, idiots
USAGE EXAMPLES
Now I am sure that plenty of you right now are thinking: What an idiotic column.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
Also for the sake of balance we should note that throughout June Donald Trump continues to emit a steady stream of truly idiotic statements.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
“This year’s idiotic and chaotic but the end’s in sight” Colbert belted into the mic to reassure his viewers.
Salon(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 白痴的; 憨痴; 呆头呆脑; 憨头憨脑
分布：愚蠢的(100%)
US [-'ɑ:.tˌɪk] adjective
■stupid 白痴似的，愚蠢的
adj. 白痴的；愚蠢的
 - foolish, stupid

Word: holly
Front: holly
[ˈhɒli] (15971/5866 -1)
Back: n. 冬青（常绿灌木，叶尖而硬，有光泽，冬季结红色浆果）; （用作圣诞节饰物的）冬青树枝; [名]霍莉，女子名
分布：冬青树(100%)
→来自kel,砍，劈，词源同clone,cleave,gladiator.引申词义剑，锯齿，后用于指冬青属植物，因其锯齿状叶片而得名。
US ['hɑ:.li] noun countable or uncountable
■a small evergreen (= never losing its leaves) tree with shiny sharp leaves and small round red fruit 冬青
n. [植] 冬青树（等于holm oak）
 - evergreen tree, wintergreen

Word: grotty
Front: grotty
[ˈgrɒti] (43989/24564)
Back: adj. 难看的，令人不愉快的
分布：肮脏的(55%)，令人不愉快的(23%)，不舒服的(11%)，可恶的(11%)
→来自grotesque的缩写词。grotty 低劣的
US ['grɑ:.tˌi] informal
adjective
■unpleasant or of bad quality 令人讨厌的，令人不悦的；低劣的
• a grotty little room 简陋的小房间
adj. 令人不愉快的；难看的
 - off-putting, unsightly

Word: inadmissible
Front: inadmissible
[ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl] (25633/21772)
Vocabulary: inadmissible
(once / 6785 pages)
adj
If something's inadmissible, it's not allowed or permitted, usually because it's seen to be irrelevant. Inadmissible evidence needs to stay out of the courtroom.
While you can use the adjective inadmissible to talk about anything that's not tolerated or is objectionable, it's most commonly used in a legal context. In a courtroom, when evidence is declared inadmissible by a judge, that means it can't be mentioned during a trial — it's not relevant or valid. Inadmissible adds the "not" prefix in- to admissible, from the Latin root admittere, "to allow to enter."
WORD FAMILY
inadmissible: inadmissibility+/ admissible: admissibility, admissibly, inadmissible
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr. Setya was recently reinstated as speaker after a court ruled the recording was inadmissible as evidence.
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Byrdsong ruled her testimony inadmissible because it amounted to a negotiation between the parties.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Mr. Putin called any effort to interfere with theater performances or exhibits “absolutely inadmissible,” but said artistic expression carried responsibility to avoid offending religious believers.
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 不能允许的，不可接受的
分布：不允许的(100%)
→in-,不，非，admissible,允许的。
formal
adjective
■unable to be accepted in a law court （在法庭上）不可接受的，不能采信的
• Her confession was ruled inadmissible as evidence because it was given under pressure from the police. 她的供词是在警方施压下作出的，因此被判定不能作为证据。
adj. 不许可的；难承认的
 - impermissible

Word: inadvertent
Front: inadvertent
[ˌɪnəd'vɜ:tənt] (18528/21511 -1)
Vocabulary: inadvertent
(once / 2010 pages)
adj
When something happens by accident, it's inadvertent, or unintentional. The gas company assured you that the error in your bill was inadvertent and that they would fix it, but not before you blew off some steam.
If you break down the adjective inadvertent you find the word vert, from the Latin vertere, meaning "to turn." Advertent comes to mean "turning the mind to," and as the prefix in- means "not," inadvertent means “not turning the mind to,” or "not intending to." When your actions are inadvertent you're not paying attention to their consequences. Remember that inadvertent ends with -ent by remembering this sentence: “We inadvertently ripped the tent.”
WORD FAMILY
inadvertent: inadvertence, inadvertency, inadvertently +/ advert: adverted, advertence, advertency, advertent, adverting, adverts/advertent: advertently, inadvertent /inadvertence: inadvertences/inadvertency: inadvertencies
USAGE EXAMPLES
The penalties for acts the company characterized as inadvertent mistakes were imposed as part of a consent order announced late last week by the U.S.
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
The omission of that visit in the case file was inadvertent, he said.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
They tend to amass branded key chain openers until drawers are overflowing with the inadvertent collection.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 不经意的，出于无心的; 疏忽的，漫不经心的; 粗心大意
分布：不注意的(40%)，非故意的(34%)，疏忽的(26%)
【记】advertent（adj 注意的；留意的）
【反】intentional（adj 有意图的；故意的）；advertent（adj 留意的）－inattentive（adj 疏忽的）
ADJ
无意的;并非故意的;因疏忽造成的
An inadvertent action is one that you do without realizing what you are doing.
例：The government has said it was an inadvertent error.政府声称那是因疏忽造成的过失。
adj. 疏忽的；不注意的（副词inadvertently）；无意中做的
 - inattentive, negligent

Word: incalculable
Front: incalculable
[ɪnˈkælkjələbl] (21333/19194)
Vocabulary: incalculable
(once / 1896 pages)
adj
Something that can't be counted — because it's too big, or it just can't be pinned down that way — is incalculable. A kindergarten class's excitement on Halloween is incalculable.
The depth of your love for your cat might be incalculable, and so is the concept of infinity. Things that can't be accurately measured can be described with the adjective incalculable, as can things that aren't predictable: "His anger over the dent in his car was incalculable. The root of the word is calculate, or count, which comes from the Latin calculare, "to reckon, or to compute."
WORD FAMILY
incalculable: incalculably+/calculable: calculably, incalculable / calculate: calculable, calculated, calculates, calculating, calculation, calculative, calculator, miscalculate, recalculate / calculated: calculatedly/calculating: calculatingly/ calculation: calculations/calculative: calculatively/calculator: calculators/ miscalculate: miscalculated, miscalculates, miscalculating, miscalculation/miscalculation: miscalculations/ recalculate: recalculated, recalculates, recalculating, recalculation/recalculation: recalculations
USAGE EXAMPLES
This is a hunting license to ostracize Israel from the international economic system, exposing it and its citizens to incalculable personal and financial risk.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 26, 2016)
Finally, fodder for your good intentions for 2016: a year’s worth of scientific findings on the nearly incalculable benefits of exercise.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Mr. Trump himself is a wild card, in some ways an incalculable president.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 数不清的; 不可估量的; 极大的; 不可预料的
分布：无法预料的(34%)，难以确定的(22%)，极大的(22%)，不可数的(22%)
→in-,不，非，calcuable,可计算的，可估量的。
adjective
■extremely large and therefore unable to be measured 不可估量的；极大的
• The ecological consequences of a nuclear war are incalculable. 核战争对生态造成的危害是无法估量的。
adj. 无数的；不可计算的；不可预料的
 - thousand, million, countless, infinite, innumerable

Word: inordinate
Front: inordinate
[ɪnˈɔ:dɪnət] (托宝 17393/19084 -1)
Vocabulary: inordinate
(once / 2180 pages)
adj
Something that's excessive or that goes way beyond normal limits is inordinate — like an overly obsessive love for chocolate or a fantasy football junkie who spends an inordinate amount of time checking his team.
The adjective inordinate is the exact opposite of "reasonable" and "moderate." In fact, when you call something inordinate, you're saying it's downright exorbitant and out of proportion. It's often used to describe abnormal amounts of time spent doing something — playing video games at work or canoodling with your girlfriend at school, for example. But as Oscar Wilde once said, “An inordinate passion for pleasure is the secret of remaining young.”
WORD FAMILY
inordinate: inordinately, inordinateness+/ordinate: inordinate, ordinated, ordinates, ordinating
USAGE EXAMPLES
And they put inordinate weight on what appeared in the daily book around the time of a national security incident.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
She chronicles the inordinate tragedy Benson experienced in his life, the early deaths of two children, two wives and three brothers.
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Delta’s decision really shouldn’t be a story, yet it seems to have garnered an inordinate amount of press.
The Guardian(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 过度的; 无节制的; 紊乱的; 奢
分布：过度的(66%)，非常的(23%)，无法无天的(11%)
→in-,不，非，-ord,排列，秩序，限度，词源同order,ordinary.即超过了限度的，引申词义过度的。
过度的,无节制的(in无+ordin+ate→无顺序的→过度的)[ordin=order,表示"命令,顺序"]
【记】in没有，ordin＝order（n 规矩；顺序；正常），ate－紊乱的
US [ˌɪn'ɔ:r-] formal
adjective
■much more than usual or expected 过度的
• Margot has always spent an inordinate amount of time on her appearance. 玛戈总是花很多时间打扮自己。
adj. 过度的；无节制的；紊乱的
 - unreasonable, undue

Word: irreparable
Front: irreparable
[ɪˈrepərəbl] (托 20436/20563 -1)
Vocabulary: irreparable
(once / 2528 pages)
adj
If something is broken or destroyed for good — a toy, a relationship, a pair of pants — you can say it is irreparable or unable to be repaired.
When you get into a fight with your best friend, it sometimes feels like the damage to the relationship has been irreparable, but given some time, good friendships can come back from even the worst type of damage. Though irreparable looks like it might be pronounced ir-re-PAIR-able, it's usually pronounced ir-REP-ar-able.
WORD FAMILY
irreparable: irreparably+/ disrepair: disrepairs/ repair: disrepair, repaired, repairer, repairing, repairs, reparable, reparation /repaired: unrepaired/repairer: repairers/ reparable: irreparable / reparation: reparations
USAGE EXAMPLES
"Plaintiff will suffer immediate and irreparable injury, loss, or damage" unless the infringements are stopped, according to the complaint filed in the U.S.
Reuters(Dec 29, 2016)
That is compelling evidence of irreparable harm, and an injunction is also warranted because the lawsuit is likely to prevail on the merits.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
On the word “irreparable” the harmony lands on B-flat minor, chillingly remote from the initial G minor.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 不能修复的，不可弥补的; 不能挽回的; 无可补救
分布：不能修补的(58%)，不能挽回的(42%)
→ir-,不，非，reparable,可修复的。
【记】reparable（adj 可赔偿的；可恢复的）；repair（n /v 修理；修补）
adjective
■impossible to repair or make right again 不能修复的，无可挽救的
• Unless the oil spill is contained, irreparable damage will be done to the coastline. 除非石油泄漏受到控制，否则会对海岸线造成无可补救的破坏。
adj. 不能挽回的；不能修补的
 - remediless

Word: kelvin
Front: kelvin
['kelvɪn] (-/21919)
Back: n. 开（开尔文温标的计量单位，其零度为绝对零度，等于-273.15℃）; 绝对温度单位
→热量单位，来自英国19世纪物理学家William Thompson,Lord Kelvin,以致敬他对该研究所做出的贡献。
['kel.vɪn] (written abbreviation K) specialized
noun countable or uncountable
■a standard unit of temperature. One degree kelvin is equal to one degree Celsius. 开（开尔文温标的计量单位，开氏一度等于摄氏一度）；凯氏温度
n. 开尔文（英国物理学家，数学家）；凯尔文（男子名）；绝对温标
 - absolute scale, thermodynamic temperature scale

Word: jib
Front: jib
[dʒɪb] (29467/28475)
Vocabulary: jib
(once / 3453 pages)
1nv 2v
A jib is a sail at the front of a sailboat. The triangle-shaped jib hangs in front of the boat's mast.
Some sailboats use only a jib to move, but most of them combine a main sail, which does most of the work, and a jib, which makes the boat more stable. Jib is also a verb, meaning "move to the opposite side of the ship" or "refuse to follow instructions." The old-fashioned compliment "I like the cut of your jib," or "I like the way you look," comes from nautical slang, in which jib meant "face."
WORD FAMILY
jib: jibbed, jibbing, jibs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Plans also call for Jib Creek to open for skiers and boarders that want to catch some air or hit some jibs.
Seattle Times(Dec 05, 2016)
The Delos crew sails under an image of a sitting Buddha on the jib and aims for a positive vibe.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 07, 2016)
A jib crane cantilevers out through steel double doors on the second floor, to hoist furniture and art.
New York Times(Aug 24, 2016)
Back: n. 艏三角帆; 主帆前的小帆; （起重机的）悬臂; 挺杆
vi. <过时，非正>不愿做，不肯接受; 移转
时态：jibbed, jibbing, jibs
分布：船首三角帆(34%)，停止不动(19%)，踌躇不前(19%)，移转(19%)，铁臂(9%)
→词源不详，可能同gibbet,棍子，绞刑架。用于指船的前帆，即艏三角帆，及起重机的悬臂。拒绝义词源不详，可能来自jibe变体，嘲笑，讥讽。
noun countable specialized
BOAT 船
■a small triangular sail on a boat, in front of the main sail 船首三角帆，主帆前的小帆
[dʒɪb] noun countable specialized
LIFTING TOOL 起重工具
■a long horizontal frame that sticks out from a crane and from which the hook hangs （起重机的）悬臂，挺杆
[dʒɪb] verb (-bb-)
[dʒɪb] verb (-bb-)
  Phrasal Verbs  jib at sth old-fashioned
PERSON
■to be unwilling to do or continue with something 不愿做…；面对…踌躇不前
• [+ -ing verb] Although the tax is unpopular, the government has jibbed at abolishing it completely. 虽然这项税收不得人心，政府也不愿将之完全废除。
HORSE
■If a horse jibs at something, it stops suddenly in front of it and refuses to move forward. （马）面对…逡巡不前
vi. 踌躇不前；停止不动；移转
 - hang off
n. [船] 船首三角帆；起重机的臂
 - jibb

Word: jug
Front: jug
[dʒʌg] (研六托 9618/7211 -1)
Vocabulary: jug
(once / 1053 pages)
1nv 2v
Many people buy their milk in a jug, a large container with a handle and a small opening at the top.
A jug usually has a fairly small spout or mouth at the top; a gallon milk container is one kind of jug, usually made of plastic. Other jugs are made of clay or glass. In some countries, beer comes in a jug, and in others water is collected and carried in a jug. Earthenware jugs can actually be played as musical instruments, often in a jug band — the player blows across the opening and holds the jug at different angles.
WORD FAMILY
jug: jugful, jugged, jugging, jugs+/jugful: jugfuls
USAGE EXAMPLES
The officer found an unloaded rifle and a jug of moonshine in Udin’s vehicle.
Washington Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Process to a thick creamy-yellow liquor, then tip into a jug.
The Guardian(Dec 18, 2016)
All I got back was a picture of the claret jug sitting on a table.
Golf Digest(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. n.大罐，壶，一大罐（壶）的容量
vt. 用陶罐或坛子煮，炖，煨; 把…关进监狱
时态：jugged, jugging, jugs
分布：罐(75%)，水壶(23%)，罐焖(2%)
→可能来自Jug,人名Joan的昵称。代指水壶，罐子。词义演变比较jack,jenny.
n.(有柄,小口,可盛水等的)大壶,罐,盂All we need is a jug of water.我们需要的只是一壶水.
noun
CONTAINER 容器
 ADVANCED countable UK (US pitcher)
■a container for holding liquids which has a handle and a shaped opening at the top for pouring （带柄及顶部有开口的）壶，罐
• a glass/plastic jug 玻璃／塑胶壶
• a milk/water jug 奶杯／水罐
countable US
■a large round container for liquids which has a flat base, a handle and a very narrow raised opening at the top for pouring （带柄及顶部有狭窄开口的）大罐
• a whiskey jug 威士忌酒罐
countable
■the amount of liquid that a jug holds 一大罐的容量；一壶的容量
• a jug of milk 一罐牛奶
[dʒʌg] noun
PRISON 监狱
uncountable UK old-fashioned slang
■prison 监狱，牢房
• I always knew he'd end up in (the) jug. 我就知道他最后会坐牢。
n. [轻] 水壶；监牢
 - jail, canteen
vt. 关押；放入壶中
 - prison, imprison

Word: kazan

Word: inwards
Front: inwards
['ɪnwədz] (31079/11274 -1)
Back: adv. 向内地，向内部地
分布：向内地(78%)，=inward.(22%)
adv. 向内地；向中心地
 - inland

Word: limber
Front: limber
[ˈlɪmbə(r)] (宝 27868/34250)
Vocabulary: limber
(once / 4466 pages)
1adjv 2nv
Can you dance the hula? Get into crazy yoga positions, or touch your toes? Then you're limber, meaning your body is pretty flexible and able to bend well.
Limber generally implies long and graceful limbs. Ballet dancers, it goes without saying, are limber. The term is also used for anything that's capable of being bent easily, such as a piece of metal or, in the metaphorical sense, someone's personality. More often, though, with this particular sense you'll find the word pliant used, implying easily manipulated. Good to be limber, less so to be pliant.
WORD FAMILY
limber: limbered, limberer, limbering, limberly, limbers
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the era of hip-hop yoga and handstands on Instagram, it’s easy to associate yoga with impossibly lithe and limber young people.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
He felt especially limber when he woke up on Sunday morning before Seattle’s night game against the Carolina Panthers, Rawls’ third since returning from injury.
Seattle Times(Dec 04, 2016)
Have you at least stayed limber with karaoke?
New York Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 柔软的，灵活的; 轻快的
vt. （做运动）使身体灵活
vi. （赛前）做准备活动; 把（火炮）系在前车上; （体育运动、比赛等前）做准备活动; 做热身运动
n. （拖炮车的）前车
时态：limbered, limbering, limbers
分布：柔软的(37%)，灵活的(18%)，做准备活动(15%)，前车(12%)，污水道(12%)，使变柔软(6%)
→来自limb,弯，转，肢，引申词义活动四肢，做热身运动。
【记】limb肢，er－像四肢一样松软的
US [-bɚ] adjective
■(of a person) able to bend and move easily and smoothly （人）身体柔软的，柔韧性好的
UK ['lɪm.bər] US [-bɚ] verb
  Phrasal Verbs  limber up
■to do gentle exercises to stretch the muscles in order to prepare the body for more active physical exercise （运动前）做伸展运动，做准备活动
• The substitutes are beginning to limber up on the sidelines. 替补队员开始在场边做准备活动了。
adj. 柔软的；敏捷的
 - soft, tender, sharp, fly, quick
vt. 使柔软；将接在前车上
 - supple

Word: manitoba
Front: manitoba
[ˌmænɪ'təʊbə] (-/37606)
Back: 马尼托巴湖（加拿大中南部）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: languid
Front: languid
[ˈlæŋgwɪd] (托雅宝 18678/16391 -1)
Vocabulary: languid
(once / 767 pages)
adj
Describe a slow-moving river or a weak breeze or a listless manner with the slightly poetic adjective, languid.
Languid comes from the Latin verb, languere "to be weak or faint" and is a somewhat literary word for something that doesn't use much energy. If someone says goodbye to you with a languid wave of the hand, there's not too much movement involved. You can describe yourself as languid when you have that feeling of not being entirely awake — kind of lazy in the mind.
WORD FAMILY
languid: languidest, languidly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Following a languid opening with picturesque underwater cinematography of sun-dappled reefs, a lad appears on the surface, shot from below.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Yet contrary to the languid scene, local people have never been more convinced that the controversial mega-project is finally about to begin.
The Guardian(Nov 24, 2016)
He carefully renders dense foliage, crimson skies and complex reflections in languid rivers.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 疲倦的; 没精打采的，呆滞的; 萧条的; 慢吞吞
分布：迟缓的(40%)，不活泼的(40%)，无精打采的(20%)
→来自sleg,松的，松散的，词源同lax.引申词义懒洋洋的。
卷怠的(langu+id表形容词,如：morbid病态的)[langu=faint,表示"虚弱"]
【记】langui拼：懒鬼－没精打采的！
【参】languor（n 衰弱无力）；languorous（adj 怠惰的）
【反】energetic＝effervescent＝vivacious（adj 活泼的）；vehement（adj 激烈的）
['læŋ.gwɪd] literary
adjective
■moving or speaking slowly with little energy, often in an attractive way 慢悠悠的，悠闲自在的
• a languid manner/voice 徐缓从容的举止／声音
adj. 倦怠的；呆滞的；软弱无力的
 - listless, dull

Word: liaise
Front: liaise
[liˈeɪz] (39645/11604 -1)
Vocabulary: liaise
(once / 96092 pages)
v
When you liaise with someone, you meet up or connect with them, usually so you can work together on something cooperatively. Two rival soccer teams might liaise to discuss the muddy conditions of the town's soccer fields.
Liaise came from the word liaison during World War I, when it was used mostly to mean "form a military cooperation or alliance." The Latin root is ligatio, or "a binding"; when two groups liaise, they bind together or connect in order to gain a result that they both want. The very trickiest thing about the word liaise is remembering that it's spelled not with one "i" but with two.
WORD FAMILY
liaise: liaises, liaising
USAGE EXAMPLES
"We are also liaising closely with the Football Association to ensure all relevant information they hold is shared to inform investigations moving forward."
Reuters(Dec 09, 2016)
Because he was banned from matches, Mocciola needed a lieutenant near the turnstiles, bossing the terraces and liaising with the club.
The Guardian(Dec 01, 2016)
While working in an Iraqi hospital, he began liaising with local American hospitals and eventually became an interpreter for the U.S.
Washington Post(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: vi. 保持联络; 担任联络官; 与…建立联系
时态：liaised, liaising, liaises
分布：保持连络(100%)
→来自liaison的回构词。
verb intransitive
■to speak to people in other organizations in order to exchange information with them 联络，联系，接洽
• Our head office will liaise with the suppliers to ensure delivery. 我们总部会与供应商联系以保证交货。
vi. 保持联络；担任联络官
 - keep in touch

Word: lout
Front: lout
[laʊt] (宝 24667/20254)
Vocabulary: lout
(once / 5117 pages)
n
A lout is a clumsy, awkward oaf. If you want to insult the person who just stepped on your toes and belched, say, "Watch where you're going, you lout!"
Lout originally meant a bumbling, awkward fellow, both annoying and pitiful. But if you call someone a lout today, you're also implying that he's not only stupid and clumsy, but that he's no good. Lout is almost never used for women, because the word has an implication of being bad to women — not abusive so much as selfish. If everyone thinks your boyfriend is a lowdown, disgusting lout, you might want to try dating someone else.
WORD FAMILY
lout: loutish, louts+/loutish: loutishly
USAGE EXAMPLES
He is the sort of lout who, in Who’s Who, lists his interests as “wealth” and “power.”
New York Times(Oct 06, 2016)
He may even have behaved like a lout.
Washington Post(Oct 13, 2016)
Watching her recent performances against her lout of an opponent, Anderson has come to a new conclusion: She finds Madam Secretary to be straight-up inspirational.
Slate(Oct 12, 2016)
Back: n. <贬>笨拙<粗鲁>的（年轻）人
分布：笨人(100%)
→来自leud,低头，弯腰，变小，词源同loiter,little.其原义为乞讨，骗子，小丑，乡巴佬等。后用于校园俚语无赖，举止粗野的人。
noun countable
■a young man who behaves in a very rude, offensive and sometimes violent way 不良少年，举止粗野的少年
• Teenage louts roam the streets at night. 晚上不良少年在街上游荡。
n. 笨拙的人
 - chancer, gawky
vt. 愚弄
 - befool, assify
vi. 鞠躬；屈服
 - bow down, to bow

Word: kennel
Front: kennel
[ˈkenl] (托宝 15947/10833 -1)
Vocabulary: kennel
(once / 2084 pages)
nv
A kennel is a structure or business that houses animals, particularly dogs and cats. You might leave your dog at a kennel while you go on vacation.
You might have a small kennel for your dog in your backyard, or have your pet groomed or boarded at a professional kennel. Some kennels are kept for breeding animals — when you buy a puppy from a breeder, you might pick him up at a kennel. The word kennel, by way of the Anglo-French kenil, and the Vulgar Latin canile, has its roots in the Latin canis, or "dog."
WORD FAMILY
kennel: kenneled, kenneling, kennelled, kennelling, kennels
USAGE EXAMPLES
She says 20 kennels are scheduled to arrive in February.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Today, these are organised by the Kennel Club of India.
BBC(Nov 26, 2016)
At times, there were so many players in his doghouse, it looked like a kennel.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: n. 狗窝; 养狗场
vt. 把…关进狗舍
vi. 呆在狗舍里
时态：kennelled, kennelling, kennels
分布：养狗场(45%)，狗舍(31%)，宿于狗舍(12%)，排水道(6%)，置于狗舍(6%)
→来自拉丁语canis,狗，词源同canine,cynic,hound.
狗窝(kenn[=can狗]+el;参考:canine狗的)[-el表名词"人或物"]
noun countable (US usually doghouse)
■a small, usually wooden shelter for a dog to sleep in outside 狗窝；犬舍
■US (UK kennels)
■a place where people leave their dogs to be taken care of while they are away, or a place where dogs are bred （临时寄养狗只的）养狗场；狗只繁殖场
• We left our dog in kennels when we went away. 我们外出时把狗放在养狗场。
n. 狗屋；养狗场； [建] 阴沟；一群狗
 - culvert, cloaca

Word: macbeth
Front: macbeth
[məkˈbeθ] (-/10758)
Back: abbr. Memphians Against Culture Buffs Exposing Themselves Heedlessly 反对巴弗文化的孟菲斯人
分布：名词(100%)

Word: mezzanine
Front: mezzanine
[ˈmezəni:n] (24907/28066)
Vocabulary: mezzanine
(once / 26924 pages)
n
If a sign in your hotel says, "Espresso bar is located on the mezzanine," it means that you can get your daily latte fix on the floor of your hotel that's one story above the ground floor.
One meaning of mezzanine is "second floor," although usually the mezzanine level of a building is a partial floor, located between the ground floor and first floor. Another meaning of mezzanine is the lowest of a row of balconies in a theater or symphony hall. You might buy mezzanine tickets to a concert so that you have a good view of the stage. The Latin root of mezzanine is the word medianus, "of the middle."
WORD FAMILY
mezzanine: mezzanines
USAGE EXAMPLES
They’re spacious, airy, with high ceilings, an expansive mezzanine level and ambitious public art installations.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
It will span three walls on the mezzanine level.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Only the Starbucks employees on the mezzanine level, and the guy who runs the souvenir shop in the basement next to the bathrooms, seem unimpressed.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. （尤指介于一层与二层之间的）中层楼，（戏院中的）包厢
分布：中层楼(62%)，夹楼(38%)
→来自意大利语mezzo,中间的，词源同medial,middle.后用于指两层楼之间的中间层，常缩写成M,酒店宾馆常见。
noun countable
■a small extra floor between one floor of a building and the next floor up 夹楼，夹层楼面
• You can look down from the mezzanine into the ground floor lobby. 你可以从夹楼俯视一楼大堂。
• The shoe department is on the mezzanine floor. 皮鞋部在夹层楼面。
US
■the front few rows of seats of the level above ground, or all of the level above ground, in a place such as a theatre or sports stadium （剧院或体育馆的）最底层楼厅的前几排座位，最底层楼厅
adj. 中间的
 - mid, medium, intermediary, middle, mesne

Word: metamorphose
Front: metamorphose
[ˌmetəˈmɔ:fəʊz] (宝 20344/20918)
Vocabulary: metamorphose
(once / 5789 pages)
v
If you've ever seen a caterpillar emerge from its cocoon transformed into a butterfly, you've watched it metamorphose, or change completely.
Use the verb metamorphose to describe a total transformation, like an egg into a bird or a seed into a tomato plant. When someone or something changes in appearance, they also metamorphose, the way a messy kid does when he tucks in his shirt and combs his hair. The origins of the word metamorphose lie in the Greek meta, or "change," and morphe, "form."
WORD FAMILY
metamorphose: metamorphosed, metamorphosing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Your stepdaughter may well be metamorphosing into an unbearable, lazy, superficial adult, or she could simply be behaving like the rest of her contemporaries.
The Guardian(Nov 27, 2016)
One favorite of Mr. Topintzis, the Klinkhammer, is traditionally made from seal fur and rooster neck feathers to mimic a metamorphosing caddis fly.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 14, 2016)
“It’s capturing that age when you are constantly creating and transforming yourself. It’s about people metamorphosing.”
The Guardian(Oct 12, 2016)
Back: vt. 使变形，使变质
vi. 变形，变质
时态：metamorphosed, metamorphosing, metamorphoses
分布：使变成(75%)，改变形状(25%)
→来自metamorphosis,变形，质变。
【记】meta变化，morph读成魔方，是有形状的词根，ose－变形
【参】metabolism（n 新陈代谢）meta变化，bol扔：身体内有变化，并扔出不要的东西－新陈代谢
【反】remain unaltered（持续不变）
US [ˌmetˌ.ə'mɔ:r.foʊz/ UK [---'-] formal
verb intransitive
■to change into a completely different form or type 彻底改变，脱胎换骨
• The awkward boy I knew had metamorphosed into a tall, confident man. 我所认识的那个笨拙男孩已经脱胎换骨，变成一个高大自信的男人。
vt. 变质；变形；使变成
 - become deformed, to morph

Word: merlin
Front: merlin
['mɜː(r)lin] (-/16482)
Back: n. 隼，灰背隼
分布：灰背隼(100%)
→来自中古英语merlone,来自Proto-Germanic*smirilaz,鹰，隼，词源同德语Schmerl.用于指欧洲的一种灰背隼。

Word: mecklenburg

Word: markup
Front: markup
[ˈmɑ:kʌp] (17224/47044)
Back: n. （在成本的基础上）加价，利润; 赢利
分布：标记(97%)，涨价(2%)，成本加价率(1%)
→比喻用法。
n. 涨价；利润；审定
 - profit, margin, gain

Word: mustang
Front: mustang
[ˈmʌstæŋ] (24497/42131)
Back: n. （墨西哥和北美平原的）野马，<美俚>海军行伍出身的军官
分布：野马(74%)，海军行伍出身的军官(26%)
→来自墨西哥西班牙语mestengo,走偏的动物，来自西班牙语mesta,混杂，混合，来自拉丁语miscere,混合，混杂，词源同mix,miscellany,mestizo.用于指美洲大草原上与家畜混在一起的北美野马。
noun countable
■an American wild horse （美洲）野马
n. 野马（产于墨西哥和北美平原）；海军行伍出身的军官（美国俚语）
 - bronco, brumby

Word: monorail
Front: monorail
[ˈmɒnəʊreɪl] (24844/44194)
Vocabulary: monorail
(once / 48640 pages)
n
A monorail is similar to a train, but instead of traveling on two tracks, it uses just one. If you visit Tokyo or Disney World, you'll probably travel on a monorail.
Most monorails are elevated, with trains either moving above a single track or dangling from it, suspended by a wide rail. They generally run on electricity, which flows through the track and keeps the train moving. The earliest monorails were designed in the late 1800s, and this is also when the word developed, from mono, "one" in Greek, and rail, from the Latin regula, "straight stick."
WORD FAMILY
monorail: monorails
USAGE EXAMPLES
The monorail operates from 7:30 a.m. to 11 p.m. weekdays, 8:30 a.m. to 11 p.m.
Seattle Times(Nov 27, 2016)
Several downtown streets will be closed, so allow extra time to find parking or to arrive by bus, monorail, light rail or other transportation.
Seattle Times(Nov 22, 2016)
It didn’t go very far, though planners continued to talk about various monorail routes well into the 1970s.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 01, 2016)
Back: n. 单轨（铁路）; 单轨索道
分布：单轨铁路(100%)
→mono-,单个的，rail,轨道。即单轨，代指单轨列车。
US ['mɑ:.nə-] noun countable
■a railway system which has a single rail (= long metal bar on which the train travels) often above ground level, or the train which travels along it （常指高架的）单轨铁路；单轨列车

Word: negev

Word: monetarist
Front: monetarist
[ˈmʌnɪtərɪst] (33879/17582)
Back: n. 货币主义者
分布：货币主义者(100%)
→来自拉丁语moneta,硬币，铸币，铸币处，词源同mint,money.

Word: misjudgment
Front: misjudgment
[mɪs'dʒʌdʒmənt] (24189/35055)
Back: n. 判断错误，判断不公，估计错误
分布：估计错误(60%)，判断不公(40%)
n. 估计错误；判断错误（等于misjudgement）
 - hamartia

Word: newfound
Front: newfound
['nju:faʊnd] (9694/33144)
Back: adj. 新发现的，新得到的
分布：新发现的(100%)
ADJ
新发现的;新找到的
A new-found quality or ability is one that you have got recently.
例：Juliana was brimming over with new-found confidence...朱莉安娜心中充满了重新找回的信心。
例：Hemmings is enjoying a newfound popularity as a character actor in the movies.作为电影界的一名性格演员，亨明斯最近开始走红。

Word: nervy
Front: nervy
[ˈnɜ:vi] (31100/22681)
Vocabulary: nervy
(once / 13493 pages)
adj
If you're nervy, you're so outspoken and brave that you're almost rude. A nervy student isn't afraid to ask even the grouchiest teacher to explain why he's giving so much homework on a Friday.
You can use nervy to simply mean "brave," but it usually carries the implication of being a bit of a smart aleck. Your nervy questions at a job interview might be seen as refreshingly straightforward, or simply cheeky and impudent. Sometimes nervy instead means "nervous," like a nervy tightrope walker who trembles and shakes with fear, but this meaning is more common in Britain than in the U.S.
WORD FAMILY
nervy: nervier, nerviest, nervily+/ nerve: nerved, nerveless, nerves, nerving, nervous, nervy, unnerve/nerveless: nervelessly, nervelessness/ nervous: nervouser, nervously, nervousness/nervousness: nervousnesses/unnerve: unnerved, unnerves, unnerving / unnerving: unnervingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
But didn’t the show drop the nervy coder like a bad habit?
Time(Dec 07, 2016)
What perhaps makes it an even nervier decision is that the play is rather dry and too slow to achieve ignition.
Washington Post(Nov 24, 2016)
“Great” is an adjective that punctuates a Trump sentence like a nervy rhetorical comma.
The Guardian(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. <英><俚>神经质的; 紧张不安的; 焦虑的; <美><俚>有勇气的
分布：易激动的(41%)，神经紧张的(20%)，粗鲁的(13%)，肌肉发达的(13%)，无耻的(13%)
→来自nerve,神经，神经质，引申词义紧张的。俚语义有勇气的，来自nerve,肌腱，勇气。
US ['nɝ:-] UK
adjective
■worried 紧张不安的
• I'm always nervy before an exam. 我考试前总是很紧张。
adj. 有勇气的；易激动的；紧张不安的
 - emotional, plucky

Word: ogle
Front: ogle
[ˈəʊgl] (宝 20488/36571)
Vocabulary: ogle
(once / 4402 pages)
v
When you ogle someone, you look at them with love or desire in mind. And if you're a cartoon character, you might also be drooling.
Though it's most often used to refer to the way people gaze at each other, the verb ogle can also be used when talking about any object of desire — like when you ogle those designer jeans or that red Ferrari. The word comes from the 1680s German word oeglen, meaning "look at." Men are known to ogle women much more frequently than women ogle men. Ever seen a scene in a movie where a pretty lady walks into a bar and all the men turn on their bar stools to watch her pass by? That's classic ogling.
WORD FAMILY
ogle: ogled, ogler, ogles, ogling+/ogler: oglers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Freedom Frontier executive director Jim Ogle says the project will hopefully lead to a better understanding and appreciation of the city’s culture.
Washington Times(Dec 23, 2016)
I stopped by Adriana’s jewelry shop, which was thick with tourists ogling emeralds.
Washington Post(Dec 01, 2016)
Next up is the Old Man Ogle, which is basically the Ogletoberfest after it too has been aged in bourbon barrels.
Washington Times(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. （向…）抛媚眼，送秋波
n. 秋波，媚眼， <俚>眼
时态：ogled, ogling, ogles
分布：抛媚眼(58%)，眉目传情(42%)
→来自Proto-Germanic*augon,来自okw,眼睛，词源同eye,ocular.-le,表反复。引申词义色迷迷的看。
【记】读：哦，哥哥－放荡的感觉－抛媚眼
US ['oʊ-] verb intransitive or transitive
■to look at someone with obvious sexual interest 色迷迷地看
• I saw you ogling the woman in the red dress! 我看到你色迷迷地盯着那个穿红色连衣裙的女人！
vt. 向…抛媚眼；注视
 - watch, behold
n. 眉目传情；媚眼
 - glad eye

Word: outvote
Front: outvote
[ˌaʊtˈvəʊt] (32577/36570)
Back: vt. 以票数胜过
时态：outvoted, outvoting, outvotes
分布：以票数胜过(100%)
US [-'voʊt] verb transitive usually passive
■to defeat someone by winning a greater number of votes 得票超过，以多数票胜过
• The Democrats were outvoted, as usual. 和往常一样，民主党因得票少而被击败。
• informal I suggested we should go for a pizza, but I was outvoted (= most people did not want to) so we went for a curry. 我建议去吃披萨，但没几个人赞成，所以我们去吃咖喱饭了。

Word: outstretched
Front: outstretched
[ˌaʊtˈstretʃt] (10949/10480 -1)
Back: adj. 伸展的; 扩张的
v. 伸出; 扩展(outstretch的过去分词)
分布：扩张的(50%)，伸长的(25%)，动词outstretch的过去式和过去分词形式.(25%)
adjective
■reaching out as far as possible 展开的，伸出的
• He ran up to her, his arms outstretched. 他张开双臂向她跑去。
• She put some pesos into the little girl's outstretched hand. 她将几披索放进小女孩伸出的手里。
adj. 伸开的；扩张的
 - expansive, ectatic
v. 伸出；扩大；伸展得超出…的范围（outstretch的过去分词形式）
 - broadened, enlarged

Word: parthenon
Front: parthenon
[ˈpɑ:θəˌnɔn] (-/34160)
Back: n. 万神庙
分布：帕德教神殿(100%)

Word: panhellenic

Word: proletarian
Front: proletarian
[ˌprəʊləˈteəriən] (21202/16086)
Vocabulary: proletarian
(once / 5410 pages)
adjn
Working class, blue collar, plebeian and certainly not aristocratic — that's what the adjective proletarian means.
Proletarian has roots in the Latin word proles, which means "offspring." That's because back in ancient Rome, a proletarian was a member of the proletariat, the class of society that had no wealth and didn't own property. The only thing these proletarians had to offer was their hard work and their children. Today's proletarians are a little better off; they're considered the working class and just might have better benefits through their unions than some white-collar workers out there.
WORD FAMILY
proletarian: proletarians+/ proletariat: proletarian, proletariats
USAGE EXAMPLES
Prince Frederick drove not the famous Rolls-Royce in which Gabor was arrested last June but a proletarian Chevy station wagon.
Los Angeles Times(Mar 11, 1990)
In fact, we belonged to the proletarian class.
The Guardian(Nov 29, 2016)
“Fascism attempts to organize the newly created proletarian masses without affecting the property structure which the masses strive to eliminate,” he wrote.
Slate(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 无产阶级的， （大工业的）工人阶级的
n. 无产阶级一员; 无产者; 产业工人; 劳工
分布：无产阶级的(63%)，无产者(18%)，普罗(10%)，普罗阶级的(9%)
→来自拉丁语proletarius,最低等级公民，来自proles,子孙，后代。因在古罗马时期，这一社会等级的公民免除兵役及税收，他们存在的唯一价值就是向古罗马帝国新开拓的领地移民以开发。具体参照class词源。后被借用于指无产阶级，无产者。
US [ˌproʊ.lə'ter.i-] (informal prole) mainly disapproving
noun countable
■a member of the proletariat 无产阶级一员，无产者
n. 普罗，无产者；工人
 - worker, laborer

Word: petulant
Front: petulant
[ˈpetjulənt] (宝 22374/21013)
Vocabulary: petulant
(once / 1613 pages)
adj
Choose the adjective petulant to describe a person or behavior that is irritable in a childish way.
The adjective, petulant, is a disapproving term used to describe a bad-tempered child, an adult behaving like an angry child or behavior or this type. Angry or annoyed mean the same thing, but if you choose the word, petulant, you are indicating that it is unreasonable or unjustified. Petulant came to English in the late 16th century from the Latin petulantem "forward, insolent" but was not recorded to mean childishly irritable until the late 1700s.
WORD FAMILY
petulant: petulance, petulanter, petulantly +/ petulance: petulances
USAGE EXAMPLES
“He’s doing all this stuff as his legacy,” said Newt Gingrich, the former House speaker, comparing Obama to a petulant god in a Wagner opera.
Seattle Times(Dec 31, 2016)
“He’s behaving like somewhat of an unruly, petulant child,” she said.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
There’s none of the wispiness of sound, the mismatched registers or the oddly petulant tone encountered with lesser countertenors.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 易怒的，使性子的，脾气坏的
分布：任性的(46%)，暴躁的(38%)，难以取悦的(16%)
→来自拉丁语petere,祈求，要求，词源同appetite,feather.引申词义过分的，无礼的，不谦虚的。现词义可能是受pettish影响。
(脾气)暴躁的(pet+ulant多...的→追求太多,导致脾气不好)[pet=seek,表示"追寻,寻求"]
【记】pet（v 拥抱；发脾气），ulant－易怒的pet宠物，ul，ant蚂蚁：你家的宠物见到蚂蚁就会打斗－易怒的读：petu烂踢－宠物烂踢－易怒的
【参】petulance读：pet烂撕－（n 易怒）
['pet.jʊ.lənt] disapproving
adjective
■easily annoyed and complaining in a rude way like a child 耍孩子脾气的，任性的；脾气暴躁的
adj. 暴躁的；任性的；难以取悦的
 - fierce, cranky

Word: pleasing
Front: pleasing
[ˈpli:zɪŋ] (托 9486/7545 -K1)
Back: adj. 令人愉快的，舒适的; 惹人喜欢的; 满意的
v. （使…）高兴( please的现在分词); （使…）满意
分布：令人愉快的(75%)，使人满意的(13%)，讨人喜爱的(6%)，动词please的现在分词.(6%)
formal
adjective
■giving a feeling of satisfaction or enjoyment 令人高兴的；令人满意的
• a pleasing performance 赏心悦目的表演
• The music was very pleasing to the ear (= to listen to). 音乐很好听。
• It was pleasing to know that the presentation had gone so well. 得知演出进行得如此顺利，真令人欣慰。
pleasant, pleasing, pleased
pleasant: 常用作定语, a pleasant trip
pleasing: 常用作表语,pleasing主语常为物 The trip is pleasing.
pleased: 常用作表语,pleased主语常为人
adj. 令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的；合意的
 - lovely, favorable, grateful, acceptable, enjoyable

Word: portentous
Front: portentous
[pɔ:ˈtentəs] (宝 26114/23278)
Vocabulary: portentous
(once / 2247 pages)
adj
The black crows slowly circling the front entrance to your office building at 6:00 am may have a portentous quality, meaning it seems like they’re an omen indicating something bad will happen.
Use the adjective portentous to describe something that seems be a sign related to a future event — generally an ominous sign. Something that is portentous often seems to hint at or warn of a future disaster. For example, in a movie ominous music playing in the background while someone turns a dark corner can have a portentous quality, predicting doom for the hapless character.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
pretentious / portentous
Fake mobsters in suits and spats are pretentious. But a horse head in your bed? That's portentous. And also, call the police.
A regular person who insists on using the royal "we" is pretentious. Find the word "pretend" in pretentious and you're onto something — both words come from the same Latin root. Pretending is fun, but anything pretentious is a bummer because it's fanciful and untrue. Examples:
"Eva's colleagues eventually turn on her and deem her uppity and pretentious; one day, someone in the office steals the diary." (The New Yorker)
"Well, the film was a bore, with far too many pretentious slow-motion surfing shots or close-ups of foam and bubbles." (Los Angeles Times)
Portentous is darker. The word comes from the Latin portentosus for "marvelous, threatening," oh, and also "monster." A funnel cloud, a horse head, or a letter from an ex, are all portentoussigns. It overlaps with pretentious because portentous also describes someone trying hard to seem important, like a human pufferfish. But it's usually a sign of things to come, like a portent, or omen. Observe:
"But above them all looms one legendary beast: the great white whale, Moby-Dick, freighted with portentous doom." (The Guardian)
"Some are table-centered domestic scenes: silent intimacies, fights over a portentous envelope." (The New Yorker)
If you get them mixed up, remember that pretentious has an "i" at the end, and portentous has an "o" for "omen."
WORD FAMILY
portentous: portentously+/ portent: portentous, portents
USAGE EXAMPLES
Newspaper endorsements, those most portentous of journalistic institutions, also seemed to have little purchase on the outcome of this convention-shattering election.
The Guardian(Nov 22, 2016)
It’s no wonder that this fantasy — with its cheery enchantments and portentous inky swirls, its steely grays and tight pacing — feels familiar.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
That said, this country finds itself facing an electoral decision starker and more portentous than any in modern memory.
Seattle Times(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 预兆的; 凶兆的; 自命不凡的; 装腔作势的
分布：自命不凡的(41%)，可怕的(20%)，前兆的(13%)，不吉的(13%)，煞有介事的(13%)
→来自portent,恶兆，凶兆，-ous,形容词后缀。
【记】源于：portent（n 凶兆；奇事）；又源于portend（v 预示）por＝pro在前面，tend倾向－在前面有倾向－预示
【反】regular（adj 规则有秩序的）；
US [pɔ:r'ten.tˌəs] adjective formal disapproving
■too serious and trying to be very important 自命不凡的，自大的；装模作样的
• The problem with the book is that it sometimes descends into portentous philosophizing. 这本书的问题在于它有时陷入了自命不凡的高谈阔论。
■literary
■Portentous events, statements or signs are important because they show that something unpleasant is very likely to happen 预兆的，凶兆的
• The report contains numerous portentous references to a future environmental calamity. 报告里有很多地方预言性地提到了将来的环境灾难。
adj. 不祥的；预兆的；令人惊讶的
 - surprise, bodeful

Word: preschool
Front: preschool
[ˈpri:sku:l] (6997/28812)
Vocabulary: preschool
(once / 11691 pages)
n
A preschool is a school for kids too young for kindergarten. In preschool, your teacher will still help you tie your shoes and stick your straw into your juice box.
You can use the word preschool for the actual building where three year olds attend school, or for the program there. It's also an adjective for talking about preschool teachers, preschool students, or preschool funding in your town. Preschool has been used since the late 1800s, and it's also commonly called pre-K or nursery school.
WORD FAMILY
preschool: preschooler, preschools+/preschooler: preschoolers/ scholastic: interscholastic, scholastically, scholasticism, scholastics/scholasticism: scholasticisms/ school: after-school, interschool, preschool, scholastic, schooled, schooling, schools/schooled: unschooled/schooling: schoolings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Dayton said he’s not done expanding preschool programs.
Washington Times(Jan 03, 2017)
I’m a preschool teacher and I hope the thieves enjoy the greeting cards and gift cards the kids and families got me for Christmas.
Seattle Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Down the hall in the preschool rooms, Mark Hernandez helped his grandson Joseph Beourgeois, 5, put the finishing touches on a snowman.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Back: adj. 未满学龄的，就学前的
n. 育幼院，幼儿园
分布：育幼院(30%)，幼稚园(28%)，就学前的(21%)，未满学龄的(21%)
→pre-,在前，早于，school,学校，上学。
学龄前的(pre+school学校→上学前的)[pre-表示"…前的,预先"]
adjective [before noun]
■of or relating to children who have not yet gone to school, and their activities 学龄前的，入学前的
• a preschool playgroup 学龄前游戏组
• preschool children/toys 学龄前儿童／玩具
['pri:.sku:l] noun countable or uncountable
■a school for children who are younger than five years old 幼稚园
n. 幼儿园，育幼院
 - kindergarten, nursery school

Word: penultimate
Front: penultimate
[penˈʌltɪmət] (宝 23374/14457 -1)
Vocabulary: penultimate
(once / 11726 pages)
adjn
If something’s the penultimate, then it’s the second to last thing in a series. If you’re watching the penultimate episode of your favorite TV show, you know that there’s only one more episode to go.
Penultimate came into English in the 17th century from the Latin word paenultimus, a combination of paene, meaning “almost,” and ultimus, meaning “last.” So if something’s penultimate, it’s “almost last”: more specifically, it’s next to last. If you’re reading a book with 20 chapters, chapter 19 is the penultimate chapter. If you’re a fan of grammar terms, you might already know that penultimate can refer to a word’s next to last syllable, called a penult.
WORD FAMILY
penultimate: penultimately, penultimates
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Ravens responded with a 21-14 win over Pittsburgh on Nov. 6, and they stayed in contention until the penultimate game of the season.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
In the penultimate game of their nearly two weeks on the road, the Lakers lost to the Miami Heat, 115-107.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 22, 2016)
This is the penultimate chance for North Alabama to win another national title.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 倒数第二的; 倒数第二音节的
n. 倒数第二; 倒数第二音节
分布：倒数第二的(100%)
→来自拉丁语paene,几乎，接近，ultimate,最终的，最后的。即几乎最末的，也就是倒是第二的。
倒数第二的(pen+ultimate最终→靠近最终一个→倒数第二)[pen-表示"近似,差不多"]
【记】pen差不多，ultimate最终的一倒数第二的
【参】peninsula（n 半岛）差不多是岛
US [pɪ'nʌl.tˌə.mət] formal
adjective [before noun]
■second from the last 倒数第二的
• It's the penultimate episode of the series tonight. 今晚播出的是这部电视连续剧的倒数第二集。

Word: redoubtable
Front: redoubtable
[rɪˈdaʊtəbl] (宝 31113/19600)
Vocabulary: redoubtable
(once / 3922 pages)
adj
Redoubtable means honorable, maybe even intimidatingly so. If your grandmother worked tirelessly to raise four kids on her own and start her own taxi cab business and to this day, keeps all of her cabbies in line, she is without a doubt redoubtable.
The adjective redoubtable traces back to the French word redute, meaning “to dread,” a combination of the prefix re-, which adds emphasis, and duter, which mean “to doubt.” But it isn't the redoubtable person that you doubt — it's yourself or your ability to compete against or be compared to him or her. That's where the dread comes in. But you can learn a lot from and be inspired by redoubtable people, if you can just get over being afraid of them.
WORD FAMILY
redoubtable: redoubtably+/ doubt: doubted, doubter, doubtful, doubting, doubtless, doubts, redoubt, self-doubt, undoubtedly /doubter: doubters/ doubtful: doubtfully, doubtfulness/doubtfulness: doubtfulnesses/doubting: doubtingly/ doubtless: doubtlessly/redoubt: redoubtable, redoubts
USAGE EXAMPLES
All had arm trouble last season, and now the redoubtable Bartolo Colon is gone to Atlanta.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
It was not as important to her to be likable; she could be redoubtable.
Time(Nov 29, 2016)
The author is known for his redoubtable female characters, and Archer’s acerbic friend Lynette Stanley inhabits her scenes with savvy brio.
Washington Post(Oct 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 可怕的，厉害的; 令人敬畏的
分布：可怕的(54%)，引起恐慌的(23%)，可敬畏的(23%)
→re-,表强调，doubt,怀疑，恐惧，-able,形容词后缀。即令人恐惧的，引申词义令人敬畏的。
【记】re反复，doubt怀疑，able－面对对手怀疑自己的实力，因为对手是可敬畏的。
【反】not formidable（不可怕的）；unimpressive（adj 不令人信服的）
US [-tˌə-] literary or humorous
adjective
■very strong, especially in character; producing respect and a little fear in others （尤指性格方面）强的；可敬的；令人敬畏的
• Tonight Villiers faces the most redoubtable opponent of his boxing career. 今晚维利尔斯面对的将是他拳击生涯中最强大的对手。
adj. 可怕的；令人敬畏的
 - terrible, august, horrible, awesome, fearful

Word: prophylactic
Front: prophylactic
[ˌprɒfɪˈlæktɪk] (23421/26636)
Vocabulary: prophylactic
(once / 19376 pages)
adjn
Prophylactic might sound like a prehistoric period when dinosaurs roamed the earth, but it actually describes something that can prevent something negative, such as disease. Prophylactic surgery to remove a mole can prevent skin cancer.
If you want to avoid getting sick, you can get a vaccine, take medicine, or have surgery — all of which are considered prophylactic measures. Delve deeper into the history of this four-syllable word and you'll find the Greek term prophulaktikos, which means to "guard before." Prophylactic can also describe a contraceptive used to prevent pregnancy. This use of the word started because condoms, which are prophylactics, were originally designed to prevent disease, not pregnancy.
WORD FAMILY
prophylactic: prophylactically, prophylactics+/ prophylaxis: prophylactic
USAGE EXAMPLES
If Bea had one of those mutations, I thought, would prophylactic surgeries have prevented her premature death?
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
Ms. Pine, 40, had reconstruction after her first mastectomy, but had the implant removed later when she had a prophylactic mastectomy on her other breast.
New York Times(Oct 31, 2016)
It’s not just people with artificial joints for whom prophylactic antibiotics pose a quandary.
Washington Post(Oct 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 预防（性）的
n. 预防剂; 预防用品; 预防法; 避孕用品
分布：预防疾病的(53%)，预防药(30%)，避孕用品(17%)
→pro-,提前，-phlact,看护，保护，词源同phylactery.后用于医学用语预防的。
US [ˌprɑ:.fɪ-] adjective specialized
■preventing disease 预防（性）的
• Some dentists are convinced that the addition of fluoride in water is ineffective as a prophylactic treatment. 有些牙医坚信在水中加氟化物不是有效的预防措施。
UK [ˌprɒf.ɪ'læk.tɪk] US [ˌprɑ:.fɪ-] noun countable specialized
■something which is intended to prevent disease 预防药（剂）
mainly US
■a condom 避孕套；保险套
n. [药] 预防药；预防法；避孕用具
 - preventive

Word: pushover
Front: pushover
[ˈpʊʃəʊvə(r)] (25878/23416)
Vocabulary: pushover
(once / 37762 pages)
1n 2n
A pushover is a person who's easy to fool or influence. A substitute teacher who's a pushover is easily convinced that the class usually spends an hour watching music videos.
If you're a pushover, you find it hard to deny anyone what they ask for. If your mom's a pushover, it means it's a breeze to get her to say yes when you ask for something. A babysitter who's a pushover will let the kids stay up way past their bedtime. If you think about it, the word makes sense: if you can push someone over easily, then that person can't stand up against you. Around 1900, pushover meant "an easy job or task," and by 1922 it also referred to people.
WORD FAMILY
pushover: pushovers
USAGE EXAMPLES
She was many things—singer, actress, hoofer, comedian, trouper, mother—but never a pushover.
Time(Dec 29, 2016)
Some two years later, Ryan’s prized defense is proving to be a pushover, opening questions about his job security.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
“This was my reward for being a pushover.”
The New Yorker(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: n. <俚>容易打败的对手，容易做的事情
分布：容易做的事(100%)
US [-ˌoʊ.vɚ] informal
noun countable usually singular
■something that is easy to do or to win, or someone who is easily persuaded or influenced or defeated 易做的事；易被人说服（或影响、击败）的人
• The interview was an absolute pushover. 这次面试非常容易。
• Jean will look after Harry, I'm quite sure - she's a pushover for (= is easily persuaded to do things for) babies. 我敢肯定琼会照顾哈利——对于孩子的事很好说话。

Word: recompense
Front: recompense
[ˈrekəmpens] (宝 26822/20085)
Vocabulary: recompense
(once / 1123 pages)
vn
Say you loan a few bucks to a friend who is short on cash, and he wins the lottery. Presumably, he'll be able to recompense you, or pay you back what he owes.
If you look closely at recompense, you'll see how similar it is to compensate, which means to make amends for something or to pay. Add the prefix re-, which suggests returning or repeating, and you get the meaning of recompense — paying back or reimbursing financially or otherwise. Recompense is most often used as a verb, but it works as a noun, too. In recompense for throwing peas and screaming, a mother might send a toddler to her room for a time-out.
WORD FAMILY
recompense: recompensed, recompenses, recompensing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Any serious examination of those footballs from the Giants-Steelers game might well show that Goodell owes the Patriots and Brady an apology and material recompense.
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
Speedy recompense may not make up for those nervous weekend hours on hold to the call centre or the simple fact of the heist.
Economist(Nov 10, 2016)
It’s not the most exorbitant living but they do get a lot of recompense that can’t be counted in dollars.
New York Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: vt. 赔偿; 补偿; 酬报; 酬谢
n. 报酬; 报应; 惩罚
时态：recompensed, recompensing, recompenses
分布：补偿(37%)，赔偿(30%)，报酬(23%)，报偿(7%)，回礼(3%)
→re-,再，重新，compens-,补偿，赔偿，词源同 compensation.
报酬;赔偿(re+compense补偿)[re-①表示"向后,相反,不"②表示"一再,重新"]
回报,报答(re回+compense报酬→回报)[pend,pens,pond=weight,expend,表示"称重量,称银子",引申为"花费"]
【记】re反，compense＝compensate（v 偿还；补偿）一重新补偿一赔偿
['rek.əm.pents] formal
noun uncountable
■a present given to someone to thank them for their help, or payment given to someone because of slight problems or because of the loss of or damage to their property 酬谢；补偿，赔偿
• I received £500 from the local council in recompense for the damage to my garden. 当地政务委员会支付了我500英镑，作为损毁花园的赔偿。
vt. 赔偿；酬谢
 - make good, indemnify
vi. 赔偿
 - make good, compensate for
n. 赔偿； [劳经] 报酬
 - compensation, satisfaction, payment, consideration, reward

Word: retrace
Front: retrace
[rɪˈtreɪs] (宝 13708/14353 -1)
Vocabulary: retrace
(once / 1206 pages)
v
To retrace is to walk the same path again, or to follow a path someone else has taken. You could visit the town your ancestors came from and attempt to retrace their steps there.
When you lose your glasses, some helpful person may ask you, "Did you retrace your steps?" What they're suggesting is that you walk everywhere you went earlier, checking as you go to see if you left them on a table or desk nearby. A detective will also retrace someone's steps to solve a crime, looking for clues while walking where the suspect walked. Trace means "outline," but also "follow a line or a path."
WORD FAMILY
retrace: retraced, retraces, retracing+/ trace: retrace, traceable, traced, tracer, traces, tracing/ traceable: traceably, untraceable/tracer: tracers/tracing: tracings/untraceable: untraceably
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sun said Kwanzaa to her means to retrace, recall and remember and is a time to ground herself.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
We retrace the steps of the film’s title characters.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
McClary’s description of the project states he will retrace a friend’s journey from a rural Kenyan village to his position at a Kenyan university.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: vt. 折回，折返; 回忆，回想; 追溯，探源; 重描
时态：retraced, retracing, retraces
分布：折回(50%)，追溯(38%)，重描(12%)
→re-,向后，往回，trace,追踪。
【记】re反，trace踪迹－找回踪迹－回顾
verb transitive
■to go back over something, for example a path or a series of past actions 沿原路返回；回忆；追溯
• When he realised he had lost his keys, he retraced in his mind his movements that day. 他发现锁匙丢了，就把那天自己的一举一动都在脑子里过了一遍。
[rɪ'treɪs] verb transitive
retrace your steps
■to go back to a place in the same way that you came 原路返回，折返
• She walked straight past her office and then had to retrace her steps. 她径直走过自己的办公室，之后又不得不折返回来。
vt. 追溯；折回；重描
 - go back, trace back

Word: reintegrate
Front: reintegrate
[ri:'ɪntɪgreɪt] (24956/36051)
Back: vt. 使重新完整; 复兴; 再团结
时态：reintegrated, reintegrating, reintegrates
分布：使重新统一(50%)，使重新成为一体(50%)
vt. 重建；恢复；使重新完整
 - restore, repair, rebuild

Word: reissue
Front: reissue
[ˌri:ˈɪʃu:] (19292/21770 -1)
Back: vt. 再版，再印，重新发行; 重新发行
n. 再版物; 重新发行; 改版; 重印邮票
vi. 重发
时态：reissued, reissuing, reissues
分布：重新发行(72%)，再发行(21%)，再版书或唱片(7%)
→re-,再，重新，issue,出行，出版。
verb transitive
■to print or produce something again 重印；重新发行；再版
• The recording has been reissued to celebrate the conductor's 80th birthday. 为了庆祝这位指挥家的80寿辰，重新发行了这张唱片。

Word: repudiation
Front: repudiation
[rɪˌpju:dɪ'eɪʃn] (18796/23814)
Vocabulary: repudiation
(once / 4764 pages)
n
Repudiation means the act of claiming that something is invalid. If there were a repudiation of all the math test scores because of widespread cheating, you'd probably have to take the test again.
Repudiation comes from the verb "repudiate," which is rooted in the Latin word repudiare, meaning to divorce or reject. If you show something is false, you have made a repudiation of that thing. Until the repudiation of the claims, people thought that heroin was a harmless ingredient that could help ease a cough. General belief in the safety of cocaine and cigarettes had similar repudiations.
WORD FAMILY
repudiation: repudiations+/ repudiate: repudiated, repudiates, repudiating, repudiation, repudiative
USAGE EXAMPLES
They deserve our encouragement, and Spencer deserves nothing but scorn and repudiation.
Washington Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Our preference would be to ignore them, but the liberal media are intent on giving them attention, so repudiation it is.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 25, 2016)
Let’s start with his fear-stoking repudiation of an entire religion—Islam.
Time(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. 拒绝; 否认; 断绝关系; 抛弃
分布：否认(53%)，拒绝(47%)
VERB
批判;驳斥;与…断绝关系
If you repudiate something or someone, you show that you strongly disagree with them and do not want to be connected with them in any way.
例：Leaders urged people to turn out in large numbers to repudiate the violence...领导们力劝人们集体出面反对暴力。
例：The Prime Minister has repudiated racist remarks made by a member of the Conservative Party.首相已经驳斥了一个保守党成员的种族主义言论。
n. 否认，拒绝；抛弃，断绝关系
 - contradiction, denial, rejection

Word: repulse
Front: repulse
[rɪˈpʌls] (托宝 18145/19969)
Vocabulary: repulse
(once / 609 pages)
1vn 2v
To repulse something is to repel it or drive it back. When you repulse your sister, you disgust her. When you repulse the enemy in battle or someone in conversation, you force them back or make them turn away.
Repulse is related to the word repel, and they mean similar things: to repulse an advance — romantic or warring — is to repel, or fend off, its advance. To repulse someone by being disgusting is to be repellent. You could repulse a person's attempts at conversation if you repulse him by picking your nose. Repulse is now most frequently used in the gross-out sense, but Jane Austin often had her characters repulse each others’ attempts at conversation or civility.
WORD FAMILY
repulse: repulsed, repulses, repulsing, repulsion +/ repulsion: repulsions
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s salutary to read just how many visitors were repulsed by the dire poverty and moral turpitude they encountered.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
I quickly grabbed my sheet and flicked it, repulsed that the roach was in my sheet.
The New Yorker(Dec 28, 2016)
And as much as you or I may be repulsed by it, that type of freedom of political expression should never be abridged.
Seattle Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: vt. 击退; 驳斥; 拒绝
n. 击败
时态：repulsed, repulsing, repulses
分布：击退(65%)，拒绝(35%)
→来自 repel,击退，打挎。-s,过去分词格。引申词义厌恶，反感。
打退,击退(re反+pulse;动词：repel)[pel,puls=drive,push,表示"驱动,推"]
【记】re反，pulse推－反推出去－击退；反感
【反】captivate（v 迷住）；entrance（v 使入神）；court（v 追求）－repulse intentionally（有意反感）
verb formal
PUSH AWAY 推开
transitive
■to push away or refuse something or someone unwanted, especially to successfully stop a physical attack against you 赶走，驱逐；击退（尤指进攻）；拒绝，拒绝接受
• The enemy attack was quickly repulsed. 敌人的进攻很快被击退了。
[rɪ'pʌls] verb formal
DISLIKE 不喜欢
transitive often passive
■If something repulses you, it causes you to have a strong feeling of dislike, disapproval or disgust 令人厌恶；使人反感
• The tourists were repulsed by the filthy conditions. 游客们对肮脏不堪的环境感到厌恶。
[rɪ'pʌls] noun [S or U] formal or old-fashioned
■when someone or something unwanted is pushed away or refused 击退；败退；拒绝
vt. 拒绝；驱逐；憎恶
 - refuse, negative
n. 拒绝；击退
 - rejection, refusal

Word: schrod

Word: schul

Word: serfdom
Front: serfdom
[ˈsɜ:fdəm] (宝 31985/29229)
Back: n. 农奴制; 农奴地位，农奴境遇
分布：农奴制(84%)，农奴身份(16%)
→serf,农奴，-dom,表状态。引申词义农奴制。
【记】serf（n 农奴），源于：serve（v 当仆人；服务）
【反】lord（n 封建领主；地主）
US ['sɝ:f-] noun uncountable
■the state of being a serf or the system by which the serfs worked on the land 农奴身份；农奴制

Word: sat

Word: roadster
Front: roadster
[ˈrəʊdstə(r)] (21252/-)
Back: n. 跑车，敞篷车
分布：跑车(92%)，双人座敞篷汽车(8%)
US ['roʊd.stɚ] old-fashioned
noun countable
■a car without a roof and with only two seats 单排座敞篷小客车
n. 跑车，双人座敞篷汽车；流浪者
 - STANG, sports cars

Word: rudeness
Front: rudeness
[ru:dnəs] (20293/19928)
Back: n. 无礼貌; 粗野; 粗鲁; 未加工
分布：无礼(51%)，粗鲁(49%)
n. 无礼；粗蛮
 - imperence, unceremoniousness

Word: snowfall
Front: snowfall
[ˈsnəʊfɔ:l] (13792/22371)
Back: n. 下雪，降雪，降雪量
分布：降雪(73%)，降雪量(27%)
US ['snoʊ.fɑ:l] noun countable or uncountable
■the amount of snow that falls in a particular area during a particular period, or a fall of snow 降雪；降雪量
• The annual snowfall for this region is 30 centimetres. 该地区年降雪量是30厘米。
• Heavy snowfalls are predicted for tonight and tomorrow. 今晚和明天预计会有大雪。

Word: sobriquet
Front: sobriquet
[ˈsəʊbrɪkeɪ] (29557/36162)
Vocabulary: sobriquet
(once / 8491 pages)
n
If people start calling you "Mac" because you like to eat macaroni and cheese for every meal, then you not only have a strange diet, but you also have a sobriquet — in other words, a nickname.
Sobriquet is derived from the French word soubriquet. Sobriquets are often but not always humorous, so in order to pronounce this word, you might want to remember that the last syllable rhymes with play. Sobriquets are usually given to you by other people, but you can choose one for yourself if you want. If your name is Jennifer and you tend to introduce yourself as Jen, this also qualifies as a sobriquet.
WORD FAMILY
sobriquet: sobriquets
USAGE EXAMPLES
Perhaps not a sobriquet either would have expected.
Time(Nov 09, 2016)
He was tough on taxes, big on the Second Amendment and business, so tough on crime that he was given the sobriquet “Chain-Gang Charlie.”
Wall Street Journal(Oct 21, 2016)
Desert Trip also has been dubbed “Oldchella,” “Dadchella” and “Rockers With Walkers,” among other sobriquets, but matters of age seemed irrelevant to those on hand.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 16, 2016)
Back: n. 绰号，诨名
分布：绰号(90%)，=soubriquet.(10%)
→来自法语 sobriquet,来自中古法语 soubriquet,绰号，外号，词源不详。可能来自 sot,愚蠢的， briquette,无赖，恶棍，俚语，原义为小砖头，词源同 brick,砖头，-ette,小词后缀。拼写比较 souvenir.
【记】sobri骚人que缺t它：骚人一般不缺绰号，比如hooker
US ['soʊ-] noun countable formal
■a name given to someone or something which is not their real or official name; nickname 绰号；假名
• These charms have earned the television programme's presenter the sobriquet 'the thinking woman's crumpet'. 这位电视节目主持人的个性魅力为她赢得了“爱思考的性感美女”这一绰号。
n. 绰号
 - agname, epithet

Word: stanch
Front: stanch
[stɔ:ntʃ] (宝 27684/-)
Vocabulary: stanch
(once / 3354 pages)
v
Use the verb stanch to describe stopping a liquid from spreading. A bandage can stanch bleeding and thick towels can stanch the flow of water across the kitchen floor when you drop a full glass of water.
The vowel sound in stanch most frequently sounds like on: "stonch." Stanch can also be pronounced to rhyme with branch. Though it's a verb mostly commonly associated with keeping blood from flowing from a wound, the origin is likely the Latin word stagnum, meaning "pond, pool." This word is related to stagnate, describing water that has no movement.
WORD FAMILY
stanch: stanched, stanches, stanching
USAGE EXAMPLES
But many immigration experts are skeptical that spending more money on fortifying the border will do much to stanch the flow.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 31, 2016)
But with the battle for the besieged city of Aleppo possibly nearing its end, the prospects for stanching the bloodshed remain dim.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Mr. Trump can’t expect to stanch much of that flow.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: vt. 使（伤口）止血; 止（血）; 使不漏; 使不流失
vi. 停止流出
adj. 坚固的; 坚定的; 可靠的; 不漏水的
时态：stanched, stanching, stanches
分布：止血(58%)，坚固的(21%)，止住(14%)，=staunch(7%)
→来自古法语 estanchier,止血，来自通俗拉丁语*stanticare,停止，来自 stare,站立，词源同 stand.
【记】stan站，ch－让血液站住－止住
verb transitive US for staunch (STOP) .
vt. 止血；使不漏；平息
 - quell, defuse
adj. 坚固的；忠实的；防水的
 - faithful, resisting

Word: spec
Front: spec
[spek] (12763/15107 -1)
Back: n. 说明书; 投机
adj. （尤指地产开发中）投机性建房的
分布：细则(55%)，特别(45%)
[spek] informal
noun
on spec
■taking a chance, without being sure that you will get what you want 碰运气
• We just turned up at the airport on spec, hoping that we'd get tickets. 我们只不过到机场去碰碰运气，希望能弄到机票。
• You could always send your CV to a few companies on spec. 你总还可以把你的简历寄给几家公司，碰碰运气嘛。
[spek] informal
noun
countable informal for
■ specification
• We've had a spec drawn up for a new bathroom. 我们请人草拟了一份新浴室的设计图。
n. 投机；说明书；细则
 - description, gambling

Word: silhouette
Front: silhouette
[ˌsɪluˈet] (7932/11637 -1)
Vocabulary: silhouette
(once / 2026 pages)
nv
A silhouette is dark shadow, like a silhouette of a person standing under a street lamp, or a drawing that shows only the shape of an object.
A silhouette, pronounced "sil-ooh-ET," can be mysterious. After all, you can only see the shape of the person or object. So, it's fitting that the word's origin is a little mysterious, too. It was coined for Etienne de Silhouette, a French finance minister. One theory is that Silhouette decorated his chateau with the kind of dark outline drawings that now bear his name.
WORD FAMILY
silhouette: silhouetted, silhouettes, silhouetting
USAGE EXAMPLES
People are either concealed in shadow or seen at some distance, as lonely silhouettes in a big, uncaring land.
The New Yorker(Jan 02, 2017)
Enrollees receive large signs emblazoned with the program’s logo - a silhouette of a saluting soldier.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
His “Arbor Series,” at Cross MacKenzie Gallery, includes views of silhouetted pines, their branches and needles often divided among multiple frames.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. 轮廓，剪影; （人的）体形; （事物的）形状
vt. 使呈现影子; 使呈现轮廓
时态：silhouetted, silhouetting, silhouettes
分布：轮廓(71%)，侧影(19%)，影子(8%)，使某物现出轮廓或呈黑色轮廓像(2%)
→来自 18 世纪欧洲七年战争时期的法国财务部长 Etienne de Silhouette,因在战争时期实施紧缩 的财政政策而遭到过惯了奢靡生活的其它贵族的愤恨，因而引申该词义。同时，也有另一种 观点认为是因该财务部长用类似剪影图片装饰自家城堡而得名。
noun countable or uncountable
■a dark shape seen against a light surface 剪影；逆光黑影；轮廓
• The silhouette of the bare tree on the hill was clear against the winter sky. 在冬日天空的映衬下，山上光秃秃的树影清晰可见。
n. 轮廓，剪影
 - profile, outline, contour

Word: terrier
Front: terrier
[ˈteriə(r)] (15534/12179 -1)
Back: n. 小猎狗，一种活泼的小狗; <英俚>本土军士兵; 地产册
分布：一种活泼的小狗(100%)
→来自古法语 chien terrier,土狗，来自 chien,狗，词源同 canine,terrier,土，来自拉丁语 terra,土， 土地。一种小型猎狗，因喜欢把猎物赶到洞里而得名。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a breed of small active dog, originally used for hunting and chasing animals into or out of their underground holes （一种活泼的小狗，最初用于狩猎和将猎物赶进或赶出洞穴）

Word: thorpe

Word: thirdly
Front: thirdly
[ˈθɜ:dli] (四六 19412/6571 -1)
Back: adv. 第三
分布：第三(100%)
US ['θɝ:d-] adverb
■used in order to introduce the third thing in a list 第三
• There are three factors to take into account: firstly cost, secondly time, and thirdly staff. 有三个因素需要考虑：一是成本，二是时间，三是人员。

Word: toaster
Front: toaster
[ˈtəʊstə(r)] (14966/20581)
Back: n. 烤面包片机
分布：烤面包机(76%)，祝酒人(12%)，烤面包的人(12%)
US ['toʊ.stɚ] noun countable
■an electric device for making toast 烤面包机
n. 烤面包器，烤箱；祝酒人；烤面包的人
 - cabinet oven, oven baking

Word: surrealist
Front: surrealist
[sə'ri:əlɪst] (21766/22637 -1)
Back: n. 超现实主义者
分布：超现实主义者(100%)

Word: unsackable

Word: triad
Front: triad
[ˈtraɪæd] (13938/21564 -1)
Vocabulary: triad
(once / 6442 pages)
n
A triad is three things or people considered as one unit. A triad is a trio.
A triangle is a shape with three sides. Similarly, a triad is a set of three things or people. To be a triad, three individual parts must also be considered a unit. A band with three members is a triad. A business with three divisions is a triad. A family with three members is a triad. A book with three volumes is a triad (usually called a trilogy). Triads are also called threesomes and trios.
WORD FAMILY
triad: triads
USAGE EXAMPLES
That political triad will leave them with a splendid opportunity for success.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
I suppose “nuclear” is a vital part of the triad because, without it, it’s not a nuclear triad.
Salon(Dec 27, 2016)
The bass instruments drone on the tonic while the violins weave sixteenth notes around the other notes of the triad.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: n. 三个一组; 三幅一组; 三和音
分布：三合会(74%)，三个一组(26%)
→tri-, 三，-ad,单倍，单体，词源同 monad.
noun
CHINESE ORGANIZATION 中国组织
countable
■a secret Chinese organization involved in illegal activities such as selling drugs 三合会（从事贩毒等非法活动的中国秘密组织）
['traɪ.æd] noun
THREE THINGS 三件物件
only singular literary
■three related things that form a group 三位一体；三件一套
• the classic triad of the visual arts: architecture, painting and sculpture 视觉艺术的传统三组合：建筑、绘画和雕塑
n. 三和音；三个一组；三价元素
 - triplet, ternion

Word: unalloyed
Front: unalloyed
[ˌʌnəˈlɔɪd] (29594/34927)
Back: adj. 非合金的; 不掺杂的; 纯粹的; 真正的
分布：纯粹的(72%)，未掺杂的(28%)
未掺杂的(un+alloy合金,混合＋ed→没混合的)[un-①表示"不,无,非,没有"②表示"打开,解开,弄出"]
【记】un不，alloy（v 使成合金；减低成色），d
【反】adulterated（adj 掺假的）
[ˌʌn.ə'lɔɪd] literary
adjective
■(especially of a positive feeling) not spoilt by any amount of negative feeling; pure （尤指积极的情感）纯真的，纯粹的
• Spending time with one's family is never an unalloyed pleasure (= There are bad things about it too). 和家人在一起时从来不会只有快乐、没有烦恼。
• We had the perfect holiday - two weeks of unalloyed bliss. 我们渡过了完美的假期——两周逍遥快活的时光。
adj. 纯粹的； [材] 非合金的
 - pure, whole, net

Word: unresponsive
Front: unresponsive
[ˌʌnrɪˈspɒnsɪv] (18101/19679)
Vocabulary: unresponsive
(once / 6697 pages)
adj
If someone can't or won't respond, we call them unresponsive. Depending on the context, a person's unresponsiveness can be just a bummer or a life-threatening condition.
Take this word piece by piece. Un- means "not," as usual. A response is a reaction to something. And -ive is a suffix that means "state of being." Taken together, these parts add up to "the state of being not responsive." When your boyfriend just sits and stares rather than talking about what's bothering him, he's being unresponsive. Medically speaking, when a person is called unresponsive, it means they're at least unconscious, and possibly dead or dying.
WORD FAMILY
unresponsive: unresponsively, unresponsiveness+/ respond: responded, respondent, responder, responding, responds, responsive / respondent: co-respondent, respondently, respondents/ responder: responders/ responsive: responsively, responsiveness, unresponsive
USAGE EXAMPLES
Authorities say Berry became unresponsive after the crash.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Police say he was found unresponsive around 2:30 a.m.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Officers dispatched to the scene found the real estate agent unresponsive in the overturned SUV.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 无答复的; 反应迟钝的; 感受性迟钝的; 无同情心的
分布：反应迟钝的(68%)，没有反应的(16%)，无回答的(16%)
US [-'spɑ:nt-] adjective
■not responsive (= reacting quickly or positively to something) 无反应的；无应答的
adj. 反应迟钝的；无反应的
 - reactionless, irresponsive

Word: walkabout
Front: walkabout
[ˈwɔ:kəbaʊt] (-/21261)
Back: n. （名人或要人走进人群的）露面闲谈; 在内地的长途徒步旅行
→比喻用法。
US ['wɑ:-] mainly UK informal
noun countable
■an occasion when an important person walks around a public place, meeting and talking to members of the public （重要人物的）现身公众场合，出巡
• The princess went on a walkabout in the town centre. 公主现身市中心和民众交谈。
UK ['wɔ:.kə.baʊt] US ['wɑ:-] mainly UK informal
noun countable
go walkabout informal humorous
■If you say that an object has gone walkabout you mean that it is missing, often because someone has taken it （常因为被别人拿走而）不见了，不知去向
• My pen was here this morning but it seems to have gone walkabout. 我的钢笔上午还在这里，但现在好像不见了。
n. 徒步旅行；长期旅行；（澳洲土著的）短期丛林流浪
 - backpacking, walking tour

Word: virulence
Front: virulence
['vɪrjələns] (26030/35817)
Vocabulary: virulence
(once / 7670 pages)
n
Virulence is a harmful quality possessed by microorganisms that can cause disease. You can also use the noun virulence to describe someone's malicious actions.
A virus spreads disease, and virulence is a quality possessed by viruses that are on the loose and spreading. This could be as common as the flu or as unusual as chemical warfare. You can also speak of the virulence of hostile, harmful words and actions. Publicly insulting and discrediting someone is an example of virulence. With either meaning, virulence indicates danger and harm. The Latin root is virulentus, "poisonous."
WORD FAMILY
virulence: virulences+/ virulent: virulence, virulency, virulently
USAGE EXAMPLES
Lacking evidence of varying degrees of virulence, public health officials have warned Asia leaders to prepare for the worst.
Reuters(Nov 23, 2016)
We need a break from the election alerts, we need a break from the virulence and we don’t want to hear from any more pundits.
Seattle Times(Nov 12, 2016)
That may well be the case during the tenure of President Trump: an eruption of sexism and an inability to deny its virulence.
New York Times(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. 毒力，毒性，恶意
分布：毒性(60%)，致病性(25%)，恶意(10%)，有毒(5%)
noun uncountable
■the danger and speed of spreading of a disease （疾病的）致命性，严重性
• The virulence of the disease is causing great concern in medical circles. 这种病的高致命性已经引起了医学界的极大关注。
■formal
■strength of hatred and opposition 恶毒；狠毒
• We are witnessing racism of a virulence that we haven't seen in Europe since the 1940s. 我们正在亲眼目睹欧洲自20世纪40年代以来从未出现过的恶毒的种族主义。
n. [毒物] 毒力；毒性；恶意（等于virulency）
 - toxicity, spite

Word: vertex
Front: vertex
[ˈvɜ:teks] (宝 30568/30455)
Vocabulary: vertex
(once / 19537 pages)
n
If you’ve reached the vertex of something, you know it’s all downhill after that, because vertex refers to the highest point on an object, such as the top of a mountain.
In its early usage vertex referred to the top of a person’s head. That meaning is still common, especially in the field of anatomy, but these days you can use the word in a broader sense to refer to the highest point of anything. Still, it’ll help you remember the meaning of vertex if you visualize the top of someone’s head — the highest point — when you think of this word. If you want to get technical, in the field of mathematics, vertex can refer to the point at which lines meet and form an angle, or to the point on a figure, such as a triangle or cone, that is opposite to its base.
WORD FAMILY
vertex: vertexes, vertices
USAGE EXAMPLES
Biotechnology companies like Vertex and Alexion were hit especially hard.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
One never materialized and Vertex now trades at about 10 times expected sales, according to FactSet.
Wall Street Journal(Sep 20, 2016)
He is too young for a drug called Orkambi from Vertex Pharmaceuticals, a biotech firm, but one day it may keep him alive.
Economist(Sep 01, 2016)
Back: n. 最高点; 顶点; <数>（三角形、圆锥体等与底相对的）顶; （三角形、多边形等的）角的顶点
分布：头顶(64%)，最高点(36%)
→来自拉丁语vertex,顶点，最高点，来自vert-,转，词源同convert,versus,-ax,最高级后缀，词源同apex,next, approximate.
【记】源于：vertical（adj 垂直的）－顶点
US ['vɝ:.tˌeks] (plural vertexes or vertices) specialized
noun countable
■(in mathematics) the point where two lines meet to form an angle, or the point that is opposite the base of a shape （数学里的）顶点，角顶
• the vertex of a triangle/cone/pyramid 三角形／圆锥体／棱锥体的顶点
■the highest point of something 顶点；最高点
n. [解剖] 顶点； [昆] 头顶； [天] 天顶
 - height, summit, sky, peak, apex

Word: vilification
Front: vilification
[ˌvɪlɪfɪ'keɪʃn] (29946/33713)
Back: n. 污蔑，中伤，诽谤
分布：诽谤(100%)
n. 诽谤；中伤；污蔑
 - scandal, defamation

Word: vocally
Front: vocally
[ˈvəʊkəli] (24022/34533)
Back: adv. 用声音，用口头
分布：用声音(75%)，口头上(25%)
adv. 用声音；口头地
 - verbally

Word: veritas
Front: veritas
['verɪtæs] None
Back: n. <拉>真理，真实，真相
n. （拉）真理；真相；真实
 - truth, fact, reality, sincerity, true

Word: waterproof
Front: waterproof
[ˈwɔ:təpru:f] (研四六托 12010/9938 -1)
Vocabulary: waterproof
(once / 3283 pages)
adjvn
Water can't penetrate something that's waterproof. Umbrellas and rain boots don't work very well if they're not waterproof.
Waterproof jackets will keep you dry even if it starts to rain, and waterproof mascara won't run in black streaks down your face even if you're weeping at a sad movie. You can use this word as a verb, too: "We should waterproof the tent before we go camping this weekend — it's supposed to pour!" If you're British, you might also use waterproof as a noun, to mean a waterproof rain coat.
WORD FAMILY
waterproof: waterproofed, waterproofing, waterproofs
USAGE EXAMPLES
“It’s a wonder how the weather-beaten Brits coped before Scottish chemist Charles Macintosh invented his eponymous waterproof coat,” noted Google.
Time(Dec 29, 2016)
Bring a hat or earmuffs, gloves and warm, waterproof footwear.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Or do you need a waterproof and practically indestructible wrapper?
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 不透水的，防水的; 用防水材料处理过的
vt. 使防水，使不透水; 给（布）上胶
n. 防水衣物，雨衣 usually plural; 防水布，油布; 防水物，防水材料
时态：waterproofed, waterproofing, waterproofs
分布：防水材料(58%)，防水的(39%)，耐水的(2%)，使 ... 能防水(1%)
防水的(water水)[-proof表形容词"防…的"]
a.防水的,耐水的The waterproof material is suitable for the aerial used near the waterfall.这种耐水材料适合用在瀑布附近的天线.
【记】water水，proof防…的：防水的
【反】permeable（adj 可渗透的）
US ['wɑ:.tˌɚ-] adjective
 ADVANCED
■not allowing water to go through 防水的，不透水的
• Canvas boots are all right but they're not as waterproof as leather. 帆布靴子也可以，但它们不像皮靴那样防水。
UK ['wɔ:.tə.pru:f] US ['wɑ:.tˌɚ-] verb transitive
■to put a special substance on the surface of something which will prevent water from going through it 使…不透水；对…作防水处理
UK ['wɔ:.tə.pru:f] US ['wɑ:.tˌɚ-] noun countable mainly UK
■a coat or other piece of clothing which keeps you dry because it does not allow water in 防水衣，防水服
adj. 防水的， [建] 不透水的
 - splashproof, hose-proof
vt. 使防水
 - rainproof

Word: wend
Front: wend
[wend] (21367/21429)
Vocabulary: wend
(once / 1883 pages)
v
To wend means to choose a path and then walk that path. The path may not always be the fastest route, but at least it should get you there. Eventually.
It’s always good to have a goal, and that’s true with wending. You know where you want to go, so you wend your way there. You’ll notice that wend looks like the verb wind, and they both come from the same Old English wendan, which means “to turn, depart.” When you wend, you may take curvy, windy roads, a more scenic route, some detours and side alleys, just for fun. But don’t wend too much or you’ll be late.
WORD FAMILY
wend: wended, wending, wends
USAGE EXAMPLES
Skagit County Sheriff’s Office Chief of Corrections Charlie Wend said the incident occurred about 5:30 p.m.
Seattle Times(Dec 17, 2016)
The gourmands sneezed and coughed while wending through the crowded alleyways of Old Delhi’s pungent spice market on Tuesday.
Seattle Times(Oct 26, 2016)
Wending my way home, I’ll pick up a bottle from the interesting and unpretentious selection at Columbia Wine Co.,
New York Times(Sep 23, 2016)
Back: v. 行; 走; 往; 回（家）
时态：wended, wending, wends
分布：走(33%)，行(18%)，前进(14%)，往(14%)，去(14%)，向(7%)
→来自wendh,弯，转，词源同wind,went。引申词义走，行。
verb
wend your way
■to move slowly and not directly 缓慢迂回地行进
• The thieves then wended their way through the dark back streets to the docks. 然后盗贼们鬼鬼祟祟地穿过黑暗的后街向码头走去。
vt. 走；前进
 - step, go ahead
vi. 走；行
 - go, walk, step, track

Word: airbrush
Front: airbrush
[ˈeəbrʌʃ] (26831/40253)
Back: n. 油漆喷雾器; 喷枪; 气笔
vt. 用气笔修; 用喷枪喷; 粉饰
时态：airbrushed, airbrushing, airbrushes
分布：喷枪(81%)，用喷枪喷(19%)
US ['er-] noun countable
■a machine that scatters paint using air pressure, which is used for painting or for delicate improvement work on photographs （油漆或喷绘用的）喷枪，气笔
UK ['eə.brʌʃ] US ['er-] verb transitive
■to use an airbrush to cover or improve the appearance of something （用喷枪、气笔）修饰，美化
• It's so obvious in the photo that her wrinkles have been airbrushed out (= removed from the photograph with an airbrush). 一眼就能看得出，照片上她的皱纹用气笔涂盖过。
n. [建] 喷枪； [测] 气笔
 - gunjet
vt. 用气笔修（照片等）；用喷枪喷；粉饰
 - colour, sugar

Word: agro

Word: acceptability
Front: acceptability
[əkˌseptə'bɪlətɪ] (15203/12121)
Back: n. 可接受性
分布：可接受性(100%)
可接受性(accept+ability→接受能力)[cap,capt,cept,ceive,cip,cup=take,hold,seize,表示"拿,抓,握住"]
ADJ-GRADED
（大多数人）认同的，认可的
Acceptable activities and situations are those that most people approve of or consider to be normal.
例：It is becoming more acceptable for women to drink alcohol...女性喝酒渐渐被人们接受。
例：The air pollution exceeds most acceptable levels by 10 times or more.大气污染程度超出了普遍认可的标准10倍或更多。
ADJ-GRADED
可接受的;值得接受的
If something is acceptable to someone, they agree to consider it, use it, or allow it to happen.
例：They have thrashed out a compromise formula acceptable to Moscow...他们经过讨论达成了一项莫斯科可以接受的折中方案。
例：They recently failed to negotiate a mutually acceptable new contract.他们最近未能谈成一个双方都满意的新合同。
ADJ-GRADED
尚可的；还可以的
If you describe something as acceptable, you mean that it is good enough or fairly good.
例：On the far side of the street was a restaurant that looked acceptable...远处街边有一家饭店看起来还可以。
例：We've made an acceptable start, but it could've been better.我们起了一个好头，但本可以更好一些的。
n. 可接受性；可容许性
 - permissibility

Word: airplane
Front: airplane
[ˈeəpleɪn] (中高四 3519/21702 -2)
Vocabulary: airplane
(once / 983 pages)
n
An airplane is a flying vehicle that has fixed wings and engines or propellers that thrust it forward through the air. It's most common when you travel long distances to take an airplane.
An airplane is the form of transportation you'll probably choose when you need to go from New York to California — it's the fastest and safest way to get there. Commercial airplanes are flown by a pilot and staffed by a crew. In Britain, it's still called an aeroplane, from the Greek aero-, "air," and French planer, "to soar," by way of the French aéroplane.
WORD FAMILY
airplane: airplanes
USAGE EXAMPLES
Two Seattle plants produce more than 1.4 million airplane parts every year.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Fisher, the writer, mental health advocate and actress of Star Wars fame passed away after suffering cardiac arrest on an airplane last week.
Time(Dec 31, 2016)
Fisher died Tuesday after being stricken on an airplane flight last week.
Seattle Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: n. <美>飞机
分布：飞机(100%)
US ['er-] noun countable US for aeroplane
aeroplane, airplane, aircraft, plane, jet, helicopter
这些名词均有“飞机”之意。
aeroplane: 和airplane专指普通飞机，不包括helicopter(直升飞机)。aeroplane为英国英语的拼法。
airplane: 为美国英语的用词。
aircraft: 常用作集体名词，也可指一架飞机，其含义包括直升飞机和飞艇等。
plane: 本义为“平面”，在航空专业里通常用aeroplane。plane较通俗用词。
jet: 指喷气式飞机，也用jet plane。
helicopter: 指直升飞机。
n. [航] 飞机
 - plane, aeroplane

Word: artifice
Front: artifice
[ˈɑ:tɪfɪs] (宝 18184/22233)
Vocabulary: artifice
(once / 1492 pages)
n
If a politician pretends to be angry as a way of rousing the anger of the voters and getting more votes, he's guilty of artifice — a subtle and crafty trick.
Before taking on its current meaning, artifice meant a skilled piece of workmanship. A beautiful diamond bracelet might have been considered a piece of artifice, for example; now it would only be called artifice if the diamonds were fake.
WORD FAMILY
artifice: artifices
USAGE EXAMPLES
After all, Gilbert & Sullivan operettas draw much of their comedy from overt references to their own artifice.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
We spoke two weeks before her death and she was in high spirits – funny, honest, open, without artifice.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
That extra layer of artifice is not necessary, and actually harmful to your ability to enjoy Collateral Beauty.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 灵巧; 诡计; 巧妙办法; 虚伪行为
分布：技巧(50%)，诡计(26%)，欺骗(24%)
→art, 技艺，工艺。词根fact, 制造。与artifact构成对词。
【记】art艺术家，fice＝face脸。艺术家的脸。为什么凡是导演都有大胡子？难道没有大胡子就当不了导演？事实证明我是错的，有些导演就不是大胡子，但也有大胡子—假的—装cool！他们使用了一种巧办法，一种诡计——101毛发再生精！
【反】candor（n 坦白，直率）
US ['ɑ:r.tˌɪ-] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■(the use of) a clever trick or something intended to deceive 诡计；奸计；欺骗
• Amazingly for Hollywood, she seems almost entirely without artifice. 尽管身处好莱坞，可她好像从不耍甚么阴谋诡计，真是教人惊讶。
n. 诡计；欺骗；巧妙的办法
 - fraud, scheme, trick

Word: automaton
Front: automaton
[ɔ:ˈtɒmətən] (23971/21454)
Vocabulary: automaton
(once / 4617 pages)
n
If you walk like an automaton you move stiffly, like a robot. An automaton is something constructed to be human-like, or a person who seems to have lost the spark of life.
When you see the word, think of Frankenstein's monster, or C3PO from Star Wars. They're not quite human, but they were made to appear so. Used metaphorically, it's more about the loss of joy and sense of life that makes someone seem like a robot or zombie. After a bad loss, the baseball team might be sitting around like a bunch of automatons. They're mopey and lifeless.
WORD FAMILY
automaton: automata, automatonlike, automatons
USAGE EXAMPLES
There are also other kinds of automata, such as arms that carry pallets.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
But old soldiers are not martial automatons, responding reflexively to civilian commands.
Time(Dec 08, 2016)
But their roster is as deep as usual, and Kawhi Leonard is a silent, deadly automaton with hands large enough to crush a small asteroid.
New York Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: n. 自动机，机器人
分布：机器人(83%)，不动脑筋机械行事的人(17%)
自动装置(auto自己＋mat动＋on)[-on表名词,指人,物和一些物理学上的名词]
US [ɑ:'tɑ:.mə.tˌən] (plural automatons or automata)
noun countable
■a machine which operates on its own without the need for human control, or a person who acts like a machine, without thinking or feeling 自动操作装置，机械人；机械行事的人
• I do the same route to work every day, like some sort of automaton. 我每天重复老一套的工作，就像个机械人一样。
n. [自] 自动机；机器人；自动机器
 - robot, droid

Word: argumentative
Front: argumentative
[ˌɑ:gjuˈmentətɪv] (22199/19744)
Vocabulary: argumentative
(once / 5298 pages)
adj
If you're argumentative, you have a tendency to quarrel or squabble. An argumentative classmate always finds a reason to disagree with the teacher's viewpoint.
You'd probably enjoy being on a debate team if you're naturally argumentative. Argumentative people always seem to come up with an argument or difference of opinion. When it first appeared in the 15th century, argumentative simply described anything having to do with arguments, from the Latin root arguere, "make clear, make known, or demonstrate." By the 1660s, it had also come to mean "fond of arguing."
WORD FAMILY
argumentative: argumentatively, unargumentative+/arguable: arguably, inarguable, unarguable/ argue: arguable, argued, arguer, argues, arguing, argument, argumentation, argumentative, re-argue/arguer: arguers/arguing: arguings/ argument: arguments, counterargument / argumentation: argumentations/ counterargument: counterarguments/inarguable: inarguably/unarguable: unarguably
USAGE EXAMPLES
I can’t call to mind any other painting by a trained artist, rather than a backroads outsider, as intricately argumentative as “The Forgotten Man.”
The New Yorker(Dec 24, 2016)
The Los Angeles Times’ music team is diverse — sometimes even argumentative — in its opinions.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 20, 2016)
According to formula, when they first encounter one another sparks fly, but they’re argumentative and full of aggression.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 好辩的，争论的
分布：爱争论的(80%)，好辩论的(20%)
好争吵的(argument争论)[-arive表形容词."有…倾向(性质)的"]
US [ˌɑ:rg.jʊ'men.tˌə.tˌɪv] disapproving
adjective
■often arguing or wanting to argue 好争辩的；好争吵的
• Don't be so argumentative. 别那么好争辩。
adj. 好辩的；辩论的；争辩的
 - polemical, forensic

Word: astride
Front: astride
[əˈstraɪd] (18308/19215)
Vocabulary: astride
(once / 2559 pages)
adv
When you're astride something, you have one leg on each of it. A typical rider on a horse is astride the horse.
This is a word for a physical position that is easiest to visualize by picturing riders atop horses. While you can ride a horse sidesaddle — with both legs on one side — the usual (and safer) way to wide a horse is astride. When you're astride, you have one leg on each side of a horse: you've mounted the horse. If you climb a fence, you're probably going to find yourself astride the fence for a moment before you get to the other side.
WORD FAMILY
astride
USAGE EXAMPLES
He Googled her name and found the photo of Christine astride the blue motorcycle.
Washington Times(Nov 23, 2016)
There is probably no college that stands more astride the religious divide than Augsburg.
New York Times(Nov 13, 2016)
Some homes, farms and businesses even sit astride the two countries; in other areas, a small white obelisk is the only marker of a border.
New York Times(Oct 16, 2016)
Back: adv. 两腿分开着（地）
prep. 两腿分开着，跨着，跨越
分布：跨(40%)，跨着(29%)，骑(21%)，叉开(10%)
→来自短语on stride.
preposition
■with a leg on each side of something 跨（或骑）在…上
• She sat proudly astride her new motorbike. 她骄傲地骑在新买的摩托车上。
• figurative The town lies astride (= on either side of) the River Havel. 这座城镇横跨哈弗尔河。
[ə'straɪd] adverb
■with legs wide apart 两腿分开着；跨骑；跨坐
• He stood there, legs astride. 他两腿叉开着站在那里。

Word: arterial
Front: arterial
[ɑ:'tɪərɪəl] (16760/13132)
Back: adj. 动脉的，似动脉的
分布：动脉的(83%)，动脉状的(17%)
ADJ
动脉的
Arterial means involving or relating to your arteries and the movement of blood through your body.
例：...people with arterial disease.动脉疾病患者
ADJ
（道路或铁路）干线的，主干的
An arterial road or railway is a main road or railway within a complex road or railway system.
例：...one of the main arterial roads through the city.该城市的主干道之一
adj. [解剖] 动脉的； [交] [公路] 干线的；像动脉的
 - trunk

Word: asparagus
Front: asparagus
[əˈspærəgəs] (宝 9304/21725 -1)
Vocabulary: asparagus
(once / 2821 pages)
n
Asparagus is a bright green vegetable that is tender and sweet when it's cooked. Asparagus grows straight up out of the ground in a spear shape.
The plant that grows familiar asparagus spears is actually a relative of the lily — it's considered to be a flowering plant, and a perennial, or a plant that returns every year. Asparagus has been eaten for centuries, and is even pictured in some ancient Egyptian art. The word is also asparagus in Latin, from the Greek asparagos, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European word meaning "to spring up."
WORD FAMILY
asparagus: asparaguses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Asparagus on every plate in December suggests no pressing need here to be seasonally correct.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Recipes, packaged snacks and other foods of a certain hue include purple asparagus, purple cauliflower, purple sweet potatoes, black rice, acai and more.
Time(Dec 19, 2016)
Also in trouble are wild relatives of the sunflower, such as the Anomalus sunflower, the chickpea and asparagus.
The Guardian(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 芦笋，芦笋的茎; 天冬
分布：芦笋(100%)
→词源不详。俗词源认为其是sparrow grass, 麻雀草。
US [-'sper-] noun uncountable
■a plant with pale green juicy stems that are cooked and eaten as a vegetable 石刁柏，芦笋
• asparagus spears 芦笋嫩茎
n. [园艺] 芦笋； [植] 龙须菜；天冬
 - sparrowgrass, asperge

Word: bartender
Front: bartender
[ˈbɑ:tendə(r)] (7886/33875)
Vocabulary: bartender
(once / 4094 pages)
n
A bartender is a person who mixes, pours, and serves drinks from behind a bar. The bartender at a bar mitzvah may spend hours putting little paper umbrellas in Shirley Temples for the young guests.
If you work as a bartender, you need to know how to mix cocktails, pour wine and beer, and keep the bar tidy. Most bartenders don't make a high hourly wage, but depend on tips to make a good living. Many events, like wedding receptions and big parties, include a bartender. The word itself dates from the early 19th century, from bar, which comes from the barrier or counter over which drinks are served, and tender, or "seller."
WORD FAMILY
bartender: bartenders
USAGE EXAMPLES
The white guy, who happened to be the only white guy at the bar besides the bartender, nudged me.
Salon(Jan 02, 2017)
Recommendations include requiring bartenders and others who serve alcohol to be trained in identifying intoxicated customers.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
One woman rushed here because her nephew works as a bartender at the Reina club.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
Back: n. 酒吧间销售酒精饮料的人，酒吧间男招待
分布：酒保(100%)
US ['bɑ:rˌten.dɚ] mainly US (UK also male barman)
noun countable
■someone who makes and serves drinks in a bar 酒吧侍者
n. 酒保，酒吧间销售酒精饮料的人；酒吧侍者
 - tapster

Word: basilica
Front: basilica
[bəˈzɪlɪkə] (22309/17433 -1)
Back: n. 长方形廊柱大厅; （古罗马）长方形大会堂; 王宫; 长方形基督教堂
分布：长方形会堂(50%)，长方形教堂(50%)
→来自希腊语, basileus, 国王。原指国王与大臣议事的庭院。
/-'zɪl-] noun countable
■a public building in ancient Rome which was round at one end and had two rows of columns supporting the roof, or a church with a similar design （古罗马）长方形廊柱大厅（或教堂）

Word: bevin

Word: bohemia
Front: bohemia
[bəʊˈhi:miə] (37516/17056)
Back: n. 放荡不羁的文化人，放荡不羁文化人的聚居区
分布：波希米亚(100%)

Word: bailout
Front: bailout
[ˈbeɪlaʊt] (10272/-)
Back: n. （公司所受的）紧急援助; 跳伞; 抽资
分布：紧急融资(100%)
['beɪl.aʊt] mainly US
noun countable usually singular
■when someone helps a person or organization that is in difficulty, usually by giving or lending them money （通常指从经济上）帮助（某人或机构）脱离困境
• Three years of huge losses forced the bank to seek a government bailout. 长达三年的巨额亏损迫使银行向政府寻求援助。
• The Clinton administration last winter assembled the $50 billion emergency bailout package to ease a financial crisis in Mexico. 去年冬天，克林顿政府筹划了一连串总值达500亿美元的紧急经济缓助计划，以舒缓墨西哥的金融危机。
n. 紧急救助；跳伞
 - parachuting

Word: bel
Front: bel
[bel] (28224/23825)
Back: n. 贝尔（音量比率的单位）
分布：名词(100%)
→以19世纪苏格兰电话工程师Alexander Bell 命名的音量单位。
n. [物] [计量] 贝尔（音量比率之单位）
 - Beier

Word: canter
Front: canter
[ˈkæntə(r)] (托 29652/21777 -1)
Vocabulary: canter
(once / 1677 pages)
nv
To canter is to ride a horse at a speed between a trot and a gallop. When canter is a noun, it is a ride on a horse at that pace and so you can say to a friend, "Come with us for a canter!"
As a verb, canter means to ride at the pace of a canter, which is a pretty easy rate of speed. In fact, the word comes from the phrase "Canterbury gallop" because in the Middle Ages people used to travel to the cathedral in Canterbury, England to visit the tomb of St. Thomas Becket. It was so popular an activity that the pace of the horses that the pilgrims rode on became known as the "Canterbury gallop" and the phrase was so commonly used that it was eventually shortened to canter.
WORD FAMILY
canter: cantered, cantering, canters
USAGE EXAMPLES
It canters along at a pace that is quick enough to permit learning without getting bogged down.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
He recalled hanging with the likes of Jimi Hendrix and Jim Morrison, and landing at Canter’s Deli for middle-of-the-night meals with fellow musicians.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 16, 2016)
The urban vibe co-exists with the remaining Jewish shops like Canter's Deli and Western Kosher.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 22, 2016)
Back: n. （指马）慢跑，小跑; 骑马慢跑
vt. & vi. （使马）慢跑
时态：cantered, cantering, cants
分布：名词(83%)，动词(17%)
→缩写自Canterbury，英国肯特郡大教堂。因旧时朝拜者到Canterbury大教堂朝拜时，其马速既不太快也不太慢而得名。其字面义为肯特郡人的城堡，来自cant, 同Kent，-bury, 同borough。
【源】源自Canterbury（坎特伯雷）英国的一个地方，朝圣者以舒缓的速度骑马去该地，为了瞻仰英格兰著名的殉道士托马斯? 贝科特的神殿。
【记】cant黑话，er人－说黑话的人是黑社会的人，他们爱骑马，但不是专业骑师，所以是慢跑。
US [-tˌɚ] verb intransitive
■If a horse canters, it moves at quite a fast but easy and comfortable speed. （马）小跑，慢跑
• The horsemen cantered round the field a few times. 骑手绕着场地小跑了几次。
n. 慢跑；流浪汉
 - dogging, Little Tramp
vi. 慢跑
 - go jogging

Word: brainwave
Front: brainwave
[ˈbreɪnweɪv] (35735/33850)
Back: n. 脑波，灵机
分布：脑波(73%)，灵机一动(27%)
['breɪn.weɪv] UK
noun countable informal
IDEA 想法 (US brainstorm)
■a sudden clever idea （突发的）奇想；灵感；妙计
• I couldn't see how I could get home from the station - then I had a brainwave, Eric could meet me. 我不知道怎样才能从车站回家——后来我灵机一动，想到艾里克可以接我。
['breɪn.weɪv] UK
noun countable informal
PATTERN 图形 (also brain wave)
■any of several patterns of electrical activity in the brain 脑电波
n. 脑电波；灵感
 - inspiration, afflatus

Word: bravura
Front: bravura
[brəˈvjʊərə] (宝 25686/25627)
Back: n. 大胜的尝试，勇气的举动（显示演奏家技艺的壮丽的乐段）; 华美乐段
adj. 壮勇华丽
分布：雄壮华丽的(37%)，气势磅礴的(27%)，勇敢大胆的表现(18%)，华美的乐曲(18%)
【记】bravo[勇敢，优秀的]，a和o结尾的单词多数是意大利语，表示音乐。
US [-'vjʊr.ə] noun uncountable
■unnecessary actions to make what is being done look more exciting or clever than it is 不必要的大胆尝试；雄心勃勃的举动
• He gave a bravura performance. 他作了一次大胆的表演。

Word: cadaver
Front: cadaver
[kəˈdævə(r)] (宝 16658/25625)
Vocabulary: cadaver
(once / 5432 pages)
n
A cadaver is a dead human body used in scientific or medical research. If you are dead, you are a corpse, but if Dr. Frankenstein robs your grave so he can use your body for research, you become a cadaver. Umm... congratulations?
Cadaver comes from the Latin verb, cadere, which means “to fall." Its English origins refer to soldiers who died in battle, i.e. the fallen. Dissection of a cadaver is a major rite of passage for medical school students––some have been known to run from the room and throw up — though most surprise themselves.
WORD FAMILY
cadaver: cadaveric, cadaverous, cadavers+/ cadaverous: cadaverously
USAGE EXAMPLES
A nearby site also contained remains of human cadavers and stillborn fetuses used in medical classes.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
She shot him and slipped his corpse into a coffin with another cadaver to escape detection.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
Dignity 1 is going to have to continue with the cadaver on board.
Economist(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: n. 尸体
分布：尸体(87%)，死尸(13%)
→来自词根cid, 掉落，此处抽象为死亡。词源同case, accident.
【记】cad＝fall倒下－倒下的人－尸体cad无赖，aver断言－无赖说的话不能算数－象死人的话一样。Cad＝cab出租车，a一，ver读：味儿：出租车里有一股味道－谋杀完别人就可以把他扔到出租车里，所以这是死尸味道。
【参】decadent（adj 颓废的）；cadence（n 节奏）
US [-ɚ] specialized
noun countable
■a dead human body 尸体，死尸
n. [医] 尸体；死尸
 - corpse, lich, lych

Word: bushy
Front: bushy
[bʊʃi] (15683/18947 -1)
Vocabulary: bushy
(once / 1885 pages)
adj
Bushy things have the rounded shape and thick texture of a bush. You could describe your grandfather as having thick gray hair and bushy black eyebrows.
You can use the adjective bushy to describe all kinds of things — you might wake up with your curly hair looking quite bushy, or adopt a particularly bushy old cat from the animal shelter. Shrubs are usually bushy, of course, while other plants may grow tall and spindly or spread in a squat and bushy shape. In the 14th century, bushy meant "overgrown with bushes."
WORD FAMILY
bushy: bushier, bushiest, bushily+/ bush: bushed, bushes, bushing, bushy /bushing: bushings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Those bushy eyebrows were not familiar; neither was that shade of brown skin.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Castro’s bushy beard, long cigar and green fatigues made him as instantly internationally recognisable as Chaplin, Monroe or the Queen.
The Guardian(Nov 27, 2016)
Diamond eyes with fluffy lashes and bushy brows?
New York Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: adj. （毛发或毛皮）浓密的; （植物）茂密的; 灌木似的
级别：bushier, bushiest
分布：浓密的(62%)，灌木茂密的(18%)，多毛的(14%)，灌木一样的(6%)
adjective
■describes hair or fur that is very thick （毛发）浓密的；多毛的
• a squirrel's bushy tail 松鼠毛茸茸的尾巴
• bushy eyebrows 浓密的眉毛
adj. 浓密的；灌木茂密的；多毛的
 - shock, hairy

Word: bulger

Word: cicada
Front: cicada
[sɪˈkɑ:də] (17252/26014)
Vocabulary: cicada
(once / 12086 pages)
n
A cicada is a large, winged insect that makes a distinctive vibrating sound. You might hear hundreds of male cicadas singing loudly on a summer night.
Cicadas are often confused with locusts, which are a similar size, a little under two inches long, but are unrelated to the cicada. Cicadas live from two to five years, and in many parts of the world they're a popular food — they were also eaten in ancient Greece and their shells are an ingredient in several traditional Chinese medicines. The word cicada is Latin, meaning "tree cricket." In some parts of Appalachia, cicadas are called "jarflies."
WORD FAMILY
cicada: cicadae, cicadas
USAGE EXAMPLES
The left-hand wall holds many insects normally found in the ground, like a centipede, a cicada and ants digging tunnel.
Washington Times(Nov 13, 2016)
Dog-day cicadas mature into vociferous adulthood during the hottest part of summer, when their steady droning builds in a crescendo and dominates muggy late afternoons.
New York Times(Sep 16, 2016)
In contrast to the soft trill of the field cricket, cicadas and katydids produce the kind of deafening hiss that can drown out conversation.
New York Times(Aug 22, 2016)
Back: n. 蝉
分布：蝉(78%)，知了(22%)
→来自拉丁词cicada, 蝉。
(plural cicadas)
noun countable
■a large insect found in warm countries, which produces a high continuous sound 蝉，知了
n. 蝉
 - cigala, harvest fly

Word: chariot
Front: chariot
[ˈtʃæriət] (15795/12030 -1)
Back: n. 敞篷双轮马车（古代用于战争或竞赛），战车
vt. 驾驭
时态：charioted, charioting, chariots
分布：二轮战车(56%)，驾驭战车(44%)
→来自拉丁词carrus, 马车，战车，词源同car, charge, current.
US ['tʃer-] noun countable
■a two-wheeled vehicle that was used in ancient times for racing and fighting and was pulled by a horse （古时用于比赛或战争的）双轮马车

Word: champaign
Front: champaign
[ʃæm'peɪn] (37988/-)
Back: n. 原野
分布：平原(48%)，原野(31%)，平坦的(21%)
n. 平原；原野
 - plain, flatland
adj. 广阔的；平坦的
 - vast, extensive, wider, flat, even

Word: chili
Front: chili
[ˈtʃɪli] (7978/35692)
Back: n. 红辣椒
分布：辣椒(97%)，红番椒(3%)
→来自南美土著语言，常与南美国家Chile混为一谈。
n. 红辣椒，辣椒
 - red pepper, capsicum

Word: cappuccino
Front: cappuccino
[ˌkæpuˈtʃi:nəʊ] (16511/26926)
Vocabulary: cappuccino
(once / 50727 pages)
n
A cappuccino is a hot drink made with espresso and steamed milk. You might order a cappuccino at your favorite neighborhood cafe.
Cappuccino is one of dozens of drink choices at any coffee shop that has an espresso machine. While many of these drinks were invented in the US within the last five or ten years, cappuccino is authentically Italian, traditionally served in a fairly small cup and made with equal parts strong espresso, steamed milk, and dense milk foam. The word itself comes from the brown color of the hoods worn by Capuchin monks in Italy.
WORD FAMILY
cappuccino: cappuccinos
USAGE EXAMPLES
Suddenly, that £5 cappuccino on Oxford Street is no longer cause for outright alarm.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
The extra height of the lid accommodates whipped cream or cappuccino foam, and its inner ring reduces “dribble at the rim,” the company’s website says.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
There are others who stop in as regularly as every day for a shoeshine and cappuccino, he said.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: n. 卡普契诺咖啡，卡布奇诺咖啡（加热奶，有时上面撒有巧克力粉）
分布：卡布其诺(70%)，热牛奶咖啡(30%)
→来自意大利词Capuccin, 斗篷，词源同cap, chaperon.因咖啡颜色与意大利修士头戴的棕色斗篷相似而得名。参照电影《博物馆奇妙夜》重要配角猴即叫做Capuccin，僧帽猴。
US [-noʊ] (plural cappuccinos)
noun countable or uncountable
■(a cup of) coffee made with heated milk which is served with a thick mass of bubbles and often powdered chocolate on the top （一杯）卡布奇诺咖啡（添加牛奶加热饮用，有大量泡沫，常洒有巧克力粉）

Word: citywide
Front: citywide
['sɪtɪwaɪd] (16308/-)
Back: adj. 全市的，全市性的
分布：全市的(60%)，全市性的(40%)
US ['sɪtˌ-] UK [ˌ--'-] mainly US
adjective adverb
■existing or happening in all parts of the city 全市范围的（地）
• a citywide outbreak of crimes against vehicles 全市范围内车辆犯罪的激增
• This office is one of forty-six citywide. 这是全市46个办事处中的一个。

Word: contravention
Front: contravention
[ˌkɒntrə'venʃən] (30524/13065)
Back: n. 违犯; 违背; 抵触; 违法行为
分布：违法(70%)，反对(30%)
n. 违反，违背；矛盾；违法
 - conflict, breach, infringement

Word: congenital
Front: congenital
[kənˈdʒenɪtl] (托宝 15666/12890)
Vocabulary: congenital
(once / 4670 pages)
adj
Congenital refers to something present at birth but not necessarily inherited from the parents. Babies with heart disorders developed in utero can live long and productive lives, in spite of their congenital birth defect.
Congenital derives from the Latin genus, to beget. Something that is present at one’s begetting, during fetal development, or at birth is congenital. Fetal alcohol syndrome, which develops in fetuses if their mothers are drinking heavily while pregnant, is a congenital disorder. You might also use congenital to describe something seemingly inborn "a congenital sense of humor," or a "congenital faith."
WORD FAMILY
congenital: congenitally
USAGE EXAMPLES
Many types of brain damage were seen in the studies, including dead spots and empty spaces in the brain, cataracts and congenital deafness.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Smith, who was born with five congenital heart defects, was seven when his father died of sudden arrhythmia death syndrome.
Golf Digest(Dec 08, 2016)
Ally Bruener, 28, is a standup comedian with congenital muscular dystrophy.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 先天的，天生的; 先天性
分布：天生的(52%)，先天的(48%)
→con-, 强调。-gen, 生育，词源同gene, generate.
天生的,与生俱来的(con共同+gen+ital→与生俱来→天生的)[gen,gener,genit=birth,produce,表示"出生,产生"]
先天的,天生的(con共同+genit出生+al)[-al 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人,物,状态"]
【记】con共同，gen产生，tal读：头－从你出生的那一刻起，同时产生在你的脑中－与生俱来的
【参】genital（adj 生殖的）；progenitor（n 祖先；起源）
US [-tˌəl] adjective specialized
■describes a disease or condition that exists at or from birth （疾病等）天生的，先天的
• a congenital abnormality/disease 先天性畸形／疾病
■describes someone who always shows a particular bad quality 生就有（某种坏品质）的，生性的
• a congenital liar 生性爱说谎的人
adj. [医] 先天的，天生的；天赋的
 - natural, native, born, innate

Word: climactic
Front: climactic
[klaɪˈmæktɪk] (18918/23873)
Vocabulary: climactic
(once / 11487 pages)
adj
Something that is the highest or most exciting point is climactic. This adjective is used to describe a scene, event, or action. If you enjoy a good mystery, you probably love the climactic ending, when you find out whodunnit.
Climactic describes the grand finale or the top point of a series of events, and it comes from the word climax. The climactic scene in The Wizard of Oz is when Dorothy and friends face the Wicked Witch of the West, for example. When you finally reach the top of a mountain, you’re at the climactic point! Realizing that mountain’s just a landfill, well, that’s anticlimactic.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
climactic / climatic
Climactic describes the high point, the most intense part of a movie, play, song, or, well, anything. Climatic refers to the climate, like the climatic changes that turned Santa's workshop into a sauna for elves.
Climactic comes from climax, with the x changed to a ct. A climax is the top point of something, so something climactic describes that intense moment. Climactic isoften used in the negative, anticlimactic, like when there's a build-up to something that falls short. But let's be positive:
But I have seldom seen this climactic moment staged to such haunting effect. (New York Times)
Still, a viewer would have to be made of stone not to get worked up during the stirring climactic section. (Reuters)
The skies were shattered with a final climactic crash of thunder. (Virginia Brooks)
Take out the extra "c," and climatic refers to weather conditions. The word climatic gets thrown around a lot these days, with all the talk about global warming, like the climatic insanity that made it snow on Halloween. FYI: There's no such word as  "anticlimatic." Also, climatic changes come from the climate, not the soil:
Warmer and wetter have become cooler and drier, a wholesale change of climatic fortunes. (Bakersfield Now)
This will trigger unpredictable climatic disasters in many parts of the world. (Huffington Post)
Lee eased Louisiana's worst drought since 1902, according to the National Climatic Data Center. (Business Week)
To keep climatic and climactic straight, remember that a climactic moment could be the most intense act yet. Something climactic gives you a kick! But climatic is just air.
WORD FAMILY
climactic: climactically+/anticlimactic: anticlimactical, anticlimactically/ anticlimax: anticlimactic, anticlimaxes/ climax: anticlimax, climactic, climaxed, climaxes, climaxing
USAGE EXAMPLES
The results, she adds, make Paektu’s apparently weak climactic effect all the more mysterious.
Science Magazine(Nov 30, 2016)
Its climactic event is the revenge killing of a court official by the Asano clan’s forty-seven samurai of the title.
The New Yorker(Nov 23, 2016)
We know from reading our email that many Americans want Mrs. Clinton treated like Mel Gibson in the climactic scene of “Braveheart.”
Wall Street Journal(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 高潮的，形成高潮的
分布：高潮的(67%)，顶点的(33%)
【参】climax（n 高潮，顶点）
ADJ-GRADED
(故事或一系列事件中)最激动人心的，最精彩的
A climactic moment in a story or a series of events is one in which a very exciting or important event occurs.
例：...the film's climactic scene.电影的高潮场面
adj. 高潮的；顶点的；渐层法的
 - vertical

Word: condo
Front: condo
[ˈkɒndəʊ] (7288/-)
Back: n. <口>各户有独立产权的公寓（大楼）
分布：=condominium.(100%)
US ['kɑ:n.doʊ] US informal
noun countable
■a condominium

Word: conakry
Front: conakry
[ˈkɔnəkri] None
Back: 科纳克里（几内亚首都）
分布：几内亚首都科纳克里(100%)

Word: crucify
Front: crucify
[ˈkru:sɪfaɪ] (17036/15201 -1)
Back: vt. 把（某人）钉死在十字架上; 折磨，虐待; 抑制，克制; 处以钉在十字架的死刑
时态：crucified, crucifying, crucifies
分布：折磨(53%)，钉在十字架上处死(38%)，迫害(9%)
钉在十字架上;折磨(cruc+ify表动词→钉上十字架)[cruc,crus,crux=cross,表示"十字形,交叉"]
verb transitive
■to kill someone by tying or fastening them with nails to a cross and leaving them there to die 把…钉在十字架上
■informal
■to severely punish or damage someone or something 严惩；折磨
• He's going to crucify me when he finds out what I've done! 等他发现了我的所作所为会狠狠惩罚我的！
vt. 折磨；十字架上钉死；克制
 - harry, worry, trouble, tear, devil

Word: cortisol
Front: cortisol
['kɔ:tɪsɒl] (19843/-)
Back: n. 考的索，皮质（甾）醇，氢化可的松
n. [生化] 皮质醇；考的索； [药] 氢化可的松
 - hydrocortisone

Word: despicable
Front: despicable
[dɪˈspɪkəbl] (托宝 16350/19533)
Vocabulary: despicable
(once / 2319 pages)
adj
Stealing the last piece of food from a starving child goes way beyond mean. It's despicable — a vile and harmful act.
Mean, nasty, and scummy are synonyms of despicable, but they don't fully convey the awfulness of despicable. A man who lies to get a promotion meant for his co-worker would be considered mean. But the despicable man — the one who is so awful and worthless that he deserves to be despised — is the one who burns down the office building and frames his co-worker for it.
WORD FAMILY
despicable: despicability, despicableness, despicablest, despicably+/despicability: despicabilities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ted Cruz’s unconscionable defense of Senate’s despicable blocking of Obama Supreme Court appointment, and threat to continue under a Clinton administration.
Salon(Jan 01, 2017)
On the animated front, meanwhile, there will be third instalments in both the Cars and Despicable Me franchises.
BBC(Dec 23, 2016)
The U.S. vehemently condemned the killing of Mr. Karlov, with State Secretary John Kerry offering assistance to investigate what he called a “despicable attack.”
Wall Street Journal(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 可鄙的，卑鄙的
分布：卑劣的(59%)，可鄙的(41%)
→de-, 向下。-spic, 看，词源同inspect, spectator. 即向下看的，鄙视的。
可鄙的(de向下+spic+able→向下看→看不起→可鄙视的)[spect,spic=look,see,表示"看"]
【记】de向下，spic看－让别人向下看的－可鄙的
【参】despise（v 轻视）；conspicuous（adj 显著的）
【反】sublime（adj 庄严的；崇高的）
adjective
■very unpleasant or bad, causing strong feelings of dislike 令人厌恶的，可憎的
• despicable behaviour 令人厌恶的行为
• He's a despicable human being! 他是个令人厌恶的人！
• It was despicable of her to lie about her friend. 她就朋友的事说谎实在可憎。
adj. 卑劣的；可鄙的
 - contemptible, underhanded

Word: correctional
Front: correctional
[kəˈrekʃənl] (12306/42548)
Back: adj. 改正的; 纠正的; 矫正的
分布：修正的(64%)，惩治的(36%)
[kə'rek.ʃən.əl] US formal
adjective
■relating to the punishment and treatment of people who have committed crimes 和（对罪犯的）惩罚、改造有关的
• a correctional program 改造计划
• correctional personnel 教化人员
adj. 矫正的；修正的
 - rectificatory, remedial

Word: diffidence
Front: diffidence
['dɪfɪdəns] (30642/23362)
Vocabulary: diffidence
(once / 3046 pages)
n
The noun diffidence refers to a lack of self-confidence. Your diffidence might be the reason why you never say "hi" to the cute guy or gal in the elevator or why you never ask for a raise.
The noun diffidence comes from the Latin word diffidere meaning "to mistrust" or "to lack confidence." Diffidence is often mistaken for snootiness because people don't understand that the diffident person is shy and lacking in confidence. "They asked him to be the team leader, but he expressed diffidence, saying that he didn't think he had enough time to do the job justice, nor did he think he had enough experience."
WORD FAMILY
diffidence: diffidences+/ diffident: diffidence, diffidently
USAGE EXAMPLES
In “Certain Women,” a much better movie, she slouches onto the screen with self-effacing diffidence.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Whether out of deference or diffidence, Bergner offers readers precious little of himself.
Washington Post(Oct 13, 2016)
There’s also a deep diffidence about pointing out uncomfortable truths.
Seattle Times(Sep 09, 2016)
Back: n. 缺乏自信
分布：羞怯(53%)，内向(28%)，无自信(19%)
【记】dif不，fid信任－不信任自己－缺乏自信
【反】assertiveness（adj 过分自信）；braveness（n 勇敢）；blazonness（n 夸示）
n. 无自信；羞怯；内向
 - shyness, bashfulness

Word: disharmony
Front: disharmony
[dɪsˈhɑ:məni] (26405/22729)
Back: n. 不调和; 不和谐
分布：不和谐(66%)，失调(17%)，不一致(17%)
→dis-, 不，非，使相反。harmony, 协调。
US [-'hɑ:r-] formal
noun uncountable
■when there is disagreement and unpleasant feeling between people 不和谐，纷争
• racial disharmony 种族纷争
n. 不一致；不调和；不融洽
 - variance, disagreement, disparity

Word: downloadable
Front: downloadable
[.daʊn'ləʊdəb(ə)l] (25046/-)
Back: [计]可下载的
分布：可下载的(100%)
US [-'loʊd-] adjective
■able to be downloaded 可下载的，能下载的
• downloadable documents/files/images 可下载文件／档案／图像
• downloadable software/music 可下载软体／音乐

Word: drawbridge
Front: drawbridge
[ˈdrɔ:brɪdʒ] (宝 23776/24798)
Back: n. （昔日的）开合桥，吊桥，活动桥
分布：吊桥(100%)
→即拉的桥，吊桥。
【记】draw拉，bridge桥
【参】drawback（n 缺点；退税）；drawdown（n 水位降低量；消耗）
US ['drɑ:-] noun countable
■a bridge that can be raised or brought down in order to protect a castle from attack or to allow big boats to go under it 吊桥，开合桥
n. （可开闭的）吊桥
 - suspension bridge, hanging bridge, pontlevis

Word: endogenous
Front: endogenous
[enˈdɒdʒənəs] (23138/17684)
Vocabulary: endogenous
(once / 66401 pages)
adj
If your doctor says your sickness is endogenous, he means that whatever's wrong with you went wrong inside your body, and wasn't caused by anything you can catch, like a virus. Endogenous is a fancy term for anything that originates internally.
You're most likely to see the word endogenous when you're dealing with biology, but it can mean "coming from within" in other senses too. Use it for anything that originates inside a system. The revolution in your school was endogenous, even though the principal, always in denial, chose to blame it on outside rabble-rousers.
WORD FAMILY
endogenous: endogenously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Organisms use endogenous clocks to anticipate regular environmental cycles, such as days and tides.
Nature(Nov 20, 2016)
The pill actually stops the production of those endogenous hormones via the brain.
The Guardian(Nov 09, 2016)
But doses of prescription opioids are orders of magnitude higher than our endogenous levels, Angst says.
Science Magazine(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 内长的，内生的
分布：内生的(86%)，内成的(14%)
→endo-, 内，里面。-gen, 生育，词源同gene,generate.
内生的,自生的(endo[endo-表示"内部"]+gen产生+ous→内部产生的)

Word: dropping
Front: dropping
['drɒpɪŋ] (15347/14075)
Back: n. 滴下; 滴下物; 空投; 兽粪
v. （使）落下( drop的现在分词 ); 投下; （使）降低; 减少
分布：滴下(61%)，动词drop的现在分词形式.(13%)，点滴(13%)，落下物(13%)
V-ERG
（使）降低;（使）下降;（使）减少
If a level or amount drops or if someone or something drops it, it quickly becomes less.
例：Temperatures can drop to freezing at night...夜间温度可能会降到零度以下。
例：Once the rate rises it never drops back to its previous level...一旦价格上去了就再也不会降到以前的水平了。
VERB
(意外地)使掉下,使落下
If you drop something, you accidentally let it fall.
例：I dropped my glasses and broke them.我不小心把眼镜掉下来摔碎了。
VERB
掉到…上;从…上掉落
If something drops onto something else, it falls onto that thing. If something drops from somewhere, it falls from that place.
例：He felt hot tears dropping onto his fingers...他感觉到热泪掉到他的手指上。
例：Burning embers started dropping from the ceiling...余火未尽的木块开始从天花板上往下掉。
V-ERG
投下;丢下;扔下;掉下
If you drop something somewhere or if it drops there, you deliberately let it fall there.
例：Drop the noodles into the water...将面条下到水里。
例：He dropped his plate into the sink.他把盘子丢到水槽里。
V-ERG
(疲惫地)垂下,低垂,垂落
If a person or a part of their body drops to a lower position, or if they drop a part of their body to a lower position, they move to that position, often in a tired and lifeless way.
例：Nancy dropped into a nearby chair...南希疲惫地瘫坐到近处的椅子上。
例：She let her head drop...她低垂着头。
VERB
累倒;累垮
To drop is used in expressions such as to be about to drop and to dance until you drop to emphasize that you are exhausted and can no longer continue doing something.
例：She looked about to drop...她看上去快要累垮了。
例：You have to run until you drop.一直跑到你跑不动为止。
VERB
(开玩笑或不雅地)脱掉（裤子）
If a man drops his trousers, he pulls them down, usually as a joke or to be rude.
例：A couple of boozy revellers dropped their trousers.两名醉酒的狂欢者脱掉了他们的裤子。
V-ERG
(使)(声音)降低,压低
If your voice drops or if you drop your voice, you speak more quietly.
例：Her voice will drop to a dismissive whisper...她会把声音压低，轻蔑地低语。
例：He dropped his voice and glanced round at the door.他放低了声音，在门口环视了一下。
VERB
中途放下（某人）;中途卸下（某物）
If you drop someone or something somewhere, you take them somewhere and leave them there, usually in a car or other vehicle.
例：He dropped me outside the hotel...他把我送到了酒店。
例：Many children had been dropped at the stadium by their parents...很多孩子被家长送到了体育馆。
VERB
停止;终止;放弃
If you drop an idea, course of action, or habit, you do not continue with it.
例：He was told to drop the idea...他被告知要打消那个主意。
例：The prosecution was forced to drop the case...控方被迫撤诉。
VERB
(运动队或组织)把…除名
If someone is dropped by a sports team or organization, they are no longer included in that team or employed by that organization.
例：The country's captain was dropped from the tour party to England.该国的国家队队长无缘英格兰之行。
VERB
输掉
If you drop a game or part of a game in a sports competition, you lose it.
例：Oremans has yet to drop a set.奥尔曼斯还一局未输。
VERB
(在比赛中)排位退后
If you drop to a lower position in a sports competition, you move to that position.
例：Britain has dropped from second to third place in the league.英国在联赛中的排名从第二位降到了第三位。
N-COUNT
滴;少量;微量;一点点
A drop of a liquid is a very small amount of it shaped like a little ball. In informal English, you can also use drop when you are referring to a very small amount of something such as a drink.
例：...a drop of blue ink...一滴蓝墨水
例：Add the cream a few drops at a time...每次加几滴奶油。
N-PLURAL
滴剂
Drops are a kind of medicine which you put drop by drop into your ears, eyes, or nose.
例：...eye drops.眼药水
N-COUNT
(水果味或巧克力味的)糖豆，糖果粒
Fruit or chocolate drops are small round sweets with a fruit or chocolate flavour.
N-COUNT
落差;垂直距离;下降距离
You use drop to talk about vertical distances. For example, a thirty-foot drop is a distance of thirty feet between the top of a cliff or wall and the bottom of it.
例：There was a sheer drop just outside my window...我的窗外就是垂直深渊。
例：It's only a four-foot drop.仅有 4 英尺的落差。
PHRASE
随口说出;给出暗示
If you drop a hint, you give a hint or say something in a casual way.
例：If I drop a few hints he might give me a cutting.如果我给点暗示，他没准会送我一段插枝。
PHRASE
(常指因不喜欢而让别人)终止谈论，不要谈论，谈到此为止
If you want someone to drop the subject ,drop it, or let it drop, you want them to stop talking about something, often because you are annoyed that they keep talking about it.
例：Mary Ann wished he would just drop it...玛丽·安希望他就不要谈论它了。
例：Does that mean you're going to drop the subject?那是不是意味着你将不再谈论那个话题了？
n. 落下；空投；滴下物
 - falling, fallen off
v. 落下；退出（drop的ing形式）；滴入；随口漏出
 - falling

Word: dramatist
Front: dramatist
[ˈdræmətɪst] (21749/21025 -1)
Vocabulary: dramatist
(once / 1274 pages)
n
A dramatist, or playwright, is a person who writes plays. Tennessee Williams, who wrote "The Glass Menagerie," is an example of a famous American dramatist.
Using the noun dramatist is actually a pretty dramatic way to refer to a playwright. Its root is the word drama, which comes from a Greek word meaning "to do." So a dramatist is a writer whose works are full of action: stage directions, movement, and lines meant to be spoken by stage actors. If you scramble the letters of the word dramatist, you end up with "amidst art."
WORD FAMILY
dramatist: dramatists+/ drama: dramas, dramatic, dramatise, dramatist, dramatize / dramatic: dramatically, undramatic/dramatisation: dramatisations/dramatise: dramatisation, dramatised, dramatises, dramatising, overdramatise/ dramatization: dramatizations/ dramatize: dramatization, dramatized, dramatizes, dramatizing, overdramatize/overdramatize: overdramatized, overdramatizes, overdramatizing/undramatic: undramatically
USAGE EXAMPLES
American theater lost one of its greatest dramatists with the death of Edward Albee, the triple Pulitzer Prize winning playwright.
Reuters(Dec 20, 2016)
The folk singer explained that Shakespeare, the "great literary figure", probably thought of himself a dramatist.
BBC(Dec 11, 2016)
I would reckon he thought of himself as a dramatist.
Time(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: n. 剧作家; 编剧
分布：剧作家(77%)，戏剧家(23%)
US [-tˌɪst] noun countable
■a person who writes plays 剧作家，戏剧家
n. 剧作家，剧本作者
 - playwright, librettist

Word: entrepot
Front: entrepot
[ˈɒntrəpəʊ] (45716/-)
Back: n. 仓库，货物集散地，转口港
分布：转口港(61%)，仓库(26%)，贷物集散地(13%)
→来自法语。来自拉丁语interpositum, 转运，inter-, 在中间，-posit, 放置，见position. 后用来指转运口岸。字母s脱落，参照compote.
n. 贸易中心；（法） [建] [经] 仓库
 - warehouse, trading center

Word: eventful
Front: eventful
[ɪˈventfl] (托 23564/19103)
Vocabulary: eventful
(once / 1107 pages)
adj
Eventful things are exciting, important, or full of incidents. Your eventful life might inspire you to write a fascinating autobiography one day.
If your day is eventful, a lot of things happen — it can be good or bad, but it's certainly not boring. If you see a hot air balloon land on the highway while you're driving to work, and when you arrive all of your co-workers are wearing costumes, and then your boss gives you a huge raise, you can call it an eventful day. The word dates from about 1600, meaning literally "full of events."
WORD FAMILY
eventful: eventfully, uneventful+/ event: eventful, events, eventuate, nonevent/eventuate: eventuated, eventuates, eventuating/nonevent: nonevents/uneventful: uneventfully
USAGE EXAMPLES
He rejects even the customary reliance on an eventful plot.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
Fused into abstractions, the disparate pieces yield paintings that are as eventful as epic Renaissance canvasses.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
In Collier’s opinion, it was eventful and unusual but not terrifying.
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Back: adj. 充满大事的，多事故的，多变故的
分布：多事的(43%)，重要的(40%)，变故多的(17%)
变故多的(event+ful→事件多→多变故的)[ven,vent=come,表示"来"]
adjective
■full of interesting or important events 多趣事的；充满大事的
• Her time at university was the most eventful period of her life. 她在大学里的那些日子是她一生中最丰富多彩的一段时光。
• We had quite an eventful journey. 我们的旅途充满了乐趣。
adj. 多事的；重要的；多变故的；重大的
 - important, crucial, considerable, material, big

Word: erica
Front: erica
['erɪkə] (-/24839)
Back: n. 石南科灌木
分布：石南科灌木(100%)

Word: eucalyptus
Front: eucalyptus
[ˌju:kəˈlɪptəs] (宝 16153/33582 -1)
Back: n. 桉树; 桉属植物
分布：桉树(100%)
→eu-, 好的。-cal, 保护，隐藏，词源同hole, cell. 因这种树对花苞的良好保护而得名。
【记】读：游客礼品特色－在澳洲旅游，送人的最好的特色礼品就是桉树气味芳香的叶子回忆：cactus（n 仙人掌）读：开垦特色

Word: firmament
Front: firmament
[ˈfɜ:məmənt] (23081/32744)
Vocabulary: firmament
(once / 1698 pages)
n
The firmament is the curve of the sky, especially if you imagine it as a solid surface. You can describe the sky at night as a firmament shining with stars (if you're feeling poetic).
The word firmament comes from the Latin firmus, or "firm," and this description of the sky as something solid reflects ancient ideas of the way the universe was constructed. The first stargazers imagined the sky as a sphere, and it wasn't until the late 1500s that the idea of an infinite universe was seriously considered. Today the word firmament is mostly literary, used to poetically describe the visual curve of the sky.
WORD FAMILY
firmament: firmamental, firmaments
USAGE EXAMPLES
He concerned himself with canon-building and was a significant force, for example, in vaulting F. Scott Fitzgerald to the firmament of American letters.
Slate(Dec 20, 2016)
There is art in ‘big data’ — in the poetic claims that it competes in volume with all the stars in the firmament.
Nature(Nov 22, 2016)
But Jones holds a special place even in this firmament.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: n. 天空，苍穹
分布：天空(58%)，苍穹(42%)
→来自firm,固定的，坚固的。用于神学名词，指苍穹。
n. 天空；苍天
 - heaven, sky, air, high

Word: fantastically
Front: fantastically
[fæn'tæstɪklɪ] (22015/21906)
Back: adv. 空想地，捕风捉影地
分布：空想地(67%)，非常地(33%)
adv. 想像中地；奇特地；难以置信地
 - incredibly, impossibly

Word: fibrosis
Front: fibrosis
[faɪ'brəʊsɪs] (17591/13414)
Back: n. 纤维化，纤维症
分布：纤维症(100%)
n. [医] [病理] 纤维化，纤维变性
 - fibering

Word: extrajudicial
Front: extrajudicial
[ˌekstrədʒuˈdɪʃl] (32008/43583)
Vocabulary: extrajudicial
(once / 62207 pages)
adj
Something that's extrajudicial isn't backed or upheld by the law. Taking revenge on someone instead of taking them to court is an extrajudicial punishment.
If a prisoner is executed without an official trial in a court, it's extrajudicial, and if police officers shoot and kill a suspect instead of arresting him, that would also be extrajudicial. Both examples happen outside of the legal process, and without the checks and balances that the law provides. Extrajudicial comes from the Latin root words extra, "outside of," and iudicalis, "belonging to a court of justice."
WORD FAMILY
extrajudicial: extrajudicially
USAGE EXAMPLES
Activists say the figures, obtained from the human rights ministry by BBC Urdu, point to large-scale extrajudicial killings.
BBC(Dec 28, 2016)
In his previous role as mayor of Davao city, Mr Duterte built a reputation for blunt speaking and supporting the extrajudicial killings of suspected criminals.
BBC(Dec 21, 2016)
Extrajudicial killings are a regular feature of post-EDSA governments as they were of the martial law years.
Time(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 法庭职权以外的
分布：法庭职权以外的(100%)
→extra-, 外面的，超过的。judicial, 司法的。

Word: gen
Front: gen
[dʒen] (24055/4454)
Back: n. <英俚>情报
分布：-: pref.种族(100%)
noun uncountable UK old-fashioned informal
■information about a particular subject 信息；消息；情报
• So who's going to give me the gen on what's been happening while I've been away? 好，谁给我说说我不在的时候发生了甚么？
[dʒen] verb (-nn-)
  Phrasal Verbs  gen up UK old-fashioned informal
■to find out as much information as possible 了解详情；摸清事实；查明情况
• Derek genned up on the country's history before going there. 德里克去那个国家之前先好好了解了一下它的历史。
genned up /ˌdʒendˈʌp] adjective [after verb]
n. 情报；一般布告
 - information, intellegence

Word: foyer
Front: foyer
[ˈfɔɪeɪ] (雅宝 9597/10065 -1)
Vocabulary: foyer
(once / 9220 pages)
n
A foyer is a large entrance, like the foyer of a building that you enter before you reach the elevators. Sometimes a foyer is also called a "lobby."
Foyer originally was a term in French that referred to the room where actors waited when they were not on stage. Today, a foyer is a large entrance to a building or home. The bigger and fancier a mansion, office or apartment building is, the bigger and more ornate the foyer will likely be. After all, the foyer will be the first room that visitors see when entering.
WORD FAMILY
foyer: foyers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Stepping into the foyer, you turn to the right and see a sitting room featuring yellow stained-glass windows inset with peacock designs and yellow paneling.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
A popular choice in lobbies and restaurants, the polished material also suits a home’s foyer, kitchen or bathroom.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
As guests enter the foyer, the first thing they’ll notice is a large, live tree dominating the entire room.
Washington Times(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: n. 休息室; （戏院或旅馆的）门厅，前厅
分布：门厅(60%)，休息室(40%)
→来自法语。来自拉丁语focus, 壁炉，炉子。引申词义休息室，前厅，门厅等。
【记】读：for爷（爷）－为了让爷爷休息一下－门厅
noun countable
■a large open area just inside the entrance of a public building such as a theatre or a hotel, where people can wait and meet each other （剧院、饭店等公共建筑物入口处内的）门厅
• I'll see you downstairs in the foyer in half an hour. 我们半个小时以后在楼下门厅见。
US (UK hall)
■the room in a house or apartment leading from the front door to other rooms, where things like coats and hats are kept （房子或公寓的）门廊，前厅
n. 门厅，休息室；大厅
 - retiring room, lobby

Word: grovel
Front: grovel
[ˈgrɒvl] (宝 24523/21873)
Vocabulary: grovel
(once / 2912 pages)
v
To grovel is to beg like a hungry dog. You don't have to be a canine though; you might grovel for a better grade (please don't).
If you grovel you risk getting the opposite of what you want, because people (like teachers) don't like people down at their feet begging for something. But if you cheat on your date, you may have to grovel to get him or her back. Grovel also means to crawl around on your belly — you could grovel on gravel, but that might really hurt. The word comes from the Vikings; in Old Norse the word grufe means "prone" (lying flat) which is probably how Vikings liked to see the people they were conquering. You grovel when you want something but also when you're afraid.
WORD FAMILY
grovel: groveled, groveler, groveling, grovelled, grovelling, grovels+/groveler: grovelers
USAGE EXAMPLES
It does not include the groveling at the hem of divisional opponent’s trousers.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
But as with the Romney grovel, he gets another hit by bringing them to heel.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Citing a Trump friend, The Post reported that the president-elect “enjoyed watching his dinner partner appear to grovel for the post.”
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: vi. 卑躬屈节，奴颜婢膝; 趴
时态：grovelled, grovelling, grovels
分布：卑躬屈膝(53%)，趴(27%)，匍匐(20%)
→词源同creep, 爬。
【记】建立场景：两个角斗士（gladiator：见到别人生病ia就高兴glad的人tor）在grove（grow five）小树林里决斗，其中一方输了，要卑躬屈膝，单膝跪倒，还要一手把剑l插在地上。Grove＋l＝grovel－卑躬屈膝
【区】gravel（n 砂砾）；groove（n 唱片等的凹槽）
US ['grɑ:.vəl] (-ll- or US USUALLY -l-)
verb intransitive
TRY TO PLEASE 竭力取悦
■to behave with too much respect towards someone to show them that you are very eager to please them 卑躬屈膝；奴颜婢膝；俯首贴耳
• He sent a grovelling note of apology. 他寄去了一封低三下四的道歉信。
UK ['grɒv.əl] US ['grɑ:.vəl] (-ll- or US USUALLY -l-)
verb intransitive
MOVE 移动
■to move close to or on the ground 匍匐前进；爬行
• I was grovelling under the sofa, trying to find my contact lens. 我正爬到沙发底下找我的隐形眼镜。
vi. 匍匐；卑躬屈膝；趴
 - kowtow

Word: functionality
Front: functionality
[ˌfʌŋkʃəˈnæləti] (16436/13376)
Back: n. （计算机或电子系统的）功能; 功能性; 设计目的; 实用
分布：功能性(100%)
US [-ə.tˌi] noun countable or uncountable
■any or all of the operations performed by a piece of equipment or a software program 功能
n. 功能； [数] 泛函性，函数性
 - action, fn

Word: footfall
Front: footfall
[ˈfʊtfɔ:l] (21869/33408)
Back: n. 脚步，脚步声
分布：脚步声(100%)
US [-fɑ:l] noun
SOUND OF FEET 脚步声
countable literary
■the sound of a person's foot hitting the ground as they walk 脚步声
• I heard echoing footfalls in the corridor. 我听到走廊里响起了脚步声。
UK ['fʊt.fɔ:l] US [-fɑ:l] noun
BUSINESS 商业
uncountable
■specializedthe number of people who go into a shop or business in a particular period of time 客流量（在某一特定时期，光顾某家商店或企业的顾客数量）
• Footfall is an important indicator of how successful a company's advertising is at bringing people into its shops. 客流量是说明一家公司做广告吸引顾客有多成功的重要指标。
n. 脚步；脚步声
 - step, clop-clop

Word: hearsay
Front: hearsay
[ˈhɪəseɪ] (托宝 17347/15520)
Vocabulary: hearsay
(once / 3891 pages)
nadj
Ever hear someone say something so juicy you decide to tell other people about it, even if you don't know if it's true or not? Admit it. That hearsay, or gossip, is precisely how rumors get started.
Hearsay is one of those awesome words that tell us its definition right up front. You don't have to figure it out by hearsay, or word of mouth, the definition is right there — when you hear someone say a rumor, that's hearsay.
WORD FAMILY
hearsay: hearsays
USAGE EXAMPLES
This serves as a cautionary tale for medical professionals, journalists, and laypeople alike to resist clinical indictments based on hearsay, if not outright imagination.
The New Yorker(Dec 29, 2016)
Johnson, in court papers, described Moore's report as "mental impressions" and inadmissible "double and triple hearsay."
Los Angeles Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Mattiello’s attorney says he objects to an investigation he said would become a fishing expedition based on hearsay and conjecture and motivated by sour grapes.
Washington Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: n. 传闻，道听途说; 小道消息; 谣传; 风言风语
分布：传闻(100%)
→来自hear say,边听边说，引申词义道听途说。
【记】hear（v 听到），say（说）：从别人那儿听来的消息－传闻
US ['hɪr-] noun uncountable
■information you have heard, although you do not know whether it is true or not 传闻，道听途说
• The evidence against them is all hearsay. 对他们不利的证据都是传闻。
n. 传闻，谣言
 - fame, rumor
adj. 传闻的，风闻的
 - rumored

Word: homily
Front: homily
[ˈhɒməli] (托宝 17700/22761)
Vocabulary: homily
(once / 3642 pages)
n
A homily is a sermon or religious speech offering encouragement or moral correction. Isn’t it strange how sometimes, when you're struggling with something, a preacher comes on TV giving a homily on that same problem?! Too bad it happens when you do bad stuff, too.
In many churches and lecture halls, a homily is just a short message on a religious topic or moral issue that's meant to encourage those who hear it. Another type of homily, though, is one that's judgmental or condemning. If you hear a homily and feel better afterward, even if it delivers hard truths about right and wrong, you've heard an uplifting homily. One that leaves you mad and frustrated, however, might make you need another homily on forgiveness and self-control.
WORD FAMILY
homily: homiletic, homilies
USAGE EXAMPLES
His homily was primarily addressed to volunteer workers celebrating the Jubilee.
New York Times(Sep 03, 2016)
In his homily at Westminster Cathedral he said there was "much anxiety about the state of the world".
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
Wednesdays, noon: Celebration of Holy Eucharist with a homily.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. （长篇）说教; 讲道，宣道
分布：说教(59%)，训诫(41%)
→来自拉丁语homilia 布道，传道，来自希腊语homilos,人群，集会，来自sem,一，一起，词源同same,assembly.引申词义说教，并成为主要词义。
US ['hɑ:.mə-] noun countable disapproving
■a piece of spoken or written advice about how someone should behave 说教，布道
• He launched into a homily on family relationships. 他开始就家庭关系进行说教。
n. 说教；训诫
 - preachment, precept

Word: headgear
Front: headgear
[ˈhedgɪə(r)] (21525/23465)
Back: n. 头饰，帽子
分布：帽(50%)，头饰(23%)，盔(21%)，首装马具(3%)，船前帆上的绳索(3%)
US [-gɪr] noun uncountable
■a hat or other covering that is worn on the head 帽子；盔；头饰
• When riding a bicycle, you should wear the proper headgear. 骑脚踏车时应该戴好安全帽。
n. 帽子；马首挽具； [矿业] 井架；牙齿矫正器
 - hat, cap

Word: infantile
Front: infantile
[ˈɪnfəntaɪl] (宝 20841/20076)
Vocabulary: infantile
(once / 3627 pages)
adj
Infantile means immature or childish. Thumb-sucking and temper tantrums are examples of infantile behavior.
Doctors use the word infantile just like you'd expect: to describe things having to do with infants or babies. The rest of us, though, generally use this adjective when someone's being a brat or a crybaby or otherwise behaving immaturely. If someone refers to your sense of humor or your style of argument as "infantile" they are not offering you a complement. They might be trying to tell you to "grow up."
WORD FAMILY
infantile: infantilely, infantilism
USAGE EXAMPLES
It is unfussy in a country whose metropolitan food culture increasingly involves infantile gimmicks: dishes served on bricks, in jam-jars and the like.
Economist(Dec 20, 2016)
It can instill in us a delusional sense of our own importance, and it can stir a variety of infantile responses.
The New Yorker(Nov 24, 2016)
The girl — Bao Bao or Mei Mei or something equally infantile — grumbles an interruption, timbre slightly defiant, as she secures her hair in double loops.
Nature(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 婴儿（期）的; <贬>幼稚的; 孩子气的; 婴儿的
分布：幼稚的(52%)，婴儿的(29%)，孩子气的(19%)
→来自infant，婴儿的，引申词义幼稚的。
US [-təl] disapproving
adjective
■typical of a child and therefore unsuitable for an adult 幼稚的，孩子气的
• infantile behaviour 幼稚的行为
adj. 婴儿的；幼稚的；初期的
 - earlier, young, baby, tender

Word: inorganic
Front: inorganic
[ˌɪnɔ:ˈgænɪk] (六 17501/16515)
Back: adj. [化]无机的; 无组织结构的; 无生物的; 无活力的
分布：无机的(89%)，非自然生长的(11%)
→in-,不，非，organic,有机的。
US [-ɔ:r-] specialized
adjective
■not being or consisting of living material, or (of chemical substances) containing no carbon or only small amounts of carbon 无生物的；无机的
• Salt is an inorganic chemical. 盐是无机化学物质。
• The meteorites contained only inorganic material. 这些陨石只含有无机物。
Compare organic
adj. [无化] 无机的；无生物的
 - anorganic, unorganic

Word: inimical
Front: inimical
[ɪˈnɪmɪkl] (宝 23505/19665)
Vocabulary: inimical
(once / 4274 pages)
adj
Censorship is inimical to freedom. So, most teenagers would argue, are curfews. To be inimical is to be harmful, antagonistic, or opposed to — like smoking two packs a day is to healthy lungs.
Inimical comes from the Latin word inimicus, meaning "enemy." It suggests acting like someone's enemy––being adverse, damaging, or downright hostile. It can refer to anything from emotions and actions to public policy. Be careful not to mix it up with inimitable, which means too good to be copied.
WORD FAMILY
inimical: inimically+/ enmity: enmities, inimical
USAGE EXAMPLES
The strategy was condemned as crude, cynical and inimical to the rule of law.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
In a season supposedly inimical to insiders, Feingold, 63, is more of this detested breed than is Johnson.
Washington Post(Oct 21, 2016)
Regardless of its cause, this new normal is inimical to America’s national interests.
Wall Street Journal(Sep 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 敌意的; 有害的; 抵触的; 不利的
分布：有害的(67%)，不友善的(33%)
→词源同enemy,敌人。拼写比较imperial,empire,invidious,envy.
【记】源于：enemy（n 敌人adj 敌人的）
【反】friendly（adj 友好的）；amiable（adj 亲切的）；amicable（adj 和平友善的）；amenable（adj 应服从的）
[ɪ'nɪm.ɪ.kəl] formal
adjective
■harmful or limiting 有害的；不利的；限制性的
• Excessive managerial control is inimical to creative expression. 过度的管制不利于表现创造力。
adj. 敌意的；有害的
 - harmful, evil

Word: incorrigible
Front: incorrigible
[ɪnˈkɒrɪdʒəbl] (宝 25104/32675)
Vocabulary: incorrigible
(once / 3417 pages)
adj
Someone incorrigible seems to be beyond correcting, improving, or changing. When you talk about an incorrigible bully, you're saying they're always going to push other people around.
Even though incorrigible implies a person is kind of hopeless, it's often used as a light-hearted word. When we describe someone as an incorrigible flirt or as an incorrigible gossip, we mean that this is just the way they are, and it would be foolish to try and change them. If someone is just being obnoxious as usual, you could say "You're incorrigible!"
WORD FAMILY
incorrigible: incorrigibly+/ corrigible: incorrigible
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr Kahneman was introverted, formal and pessimistic, and worked conventional hours; Tversky was extroverted, informal and incorrigibly optimistic, keeping the hours of a bat.
Economist(Dec 15, 2016)
In the near term, some Democrats are vowing massive resistance to anything Mr. Trump proposes, saying he is an incorrigible racist.
Washington Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Louis MacNeice got it when he wrote: “World is crazier and more of it than we think / Incorrigibly plural.”
The Guardian(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 无法矫正的，屡教不改的，无可救药的
n. 无法矫正，屡教不改，无可救药
adv. 无法矫正地，屡教不改地，无可救药地
分布：不可救药的人(33%)，无药可救的(26%)，积习难改的(26%)，固执的(15%)
→in-,不，非，-corrig,改正，词源同correct,regulate.
积习难改的(in+corrigible可改正的)[im-,in-①表示"不,无,非"②表示"向内,进入"]
不能改正的[corrig=correct(改正)]
【记】corrigible（adj 可改正的；顺从的）；correct（adj 正确的vt 改正）
【反】tractable（adj 易驾驭的；易处理的）
US [-'kɔ:r-] mainly humorous
adjective
■An incorrigible person or behaviour is bad and impossible to change or improve 无可救药的
• an incorrigible liar/rogue 无可救药的说谎者／无赖
adj. 不可救药的；积习难改的
 - hopeless, irredeemable

Word: implantation
Front: implantation
[ˌɪmplɑ:n'teɪʃn] (18976/25981)
Back: n. 培植，灌输; 植入; 着床
分布：植入(79%)，移植(15%)，着床(5%)，鼓吹(1%)
VERB
移植;植入
To implant something into a person's body means to put it there, usually by means of a medical operation.
例：Doctors in Arizona say they have implanted an artificial heart into a 46-year-old woman...亚利桑那州的医生称他们已经把一颗人造心脏移植到一名 46 岁妇女的体内。
例：Two days later, they implanted the fertilized eggs back inside me.两天以后,他们把受精卵重新植入了我的体内。
N-COUNT
植入物
An implant is something that is implanted into a person's body.
例：A woman can choose to have breast implants.女人可以选择进行隆胸。
VERB
(受精卵或胚胎)着床
When an egg or embryo implants in the womb, it becomes established there and can then develop.
例：Non-identical twins are the result of two fertilised eggs implanting in the uterus at the same time.非同卵双生子是两个受精卵同时在子宫内着床的结果。
VERB
灌输;注入;使接受
If you implant an idea or attitude in people, you make it become accepted or believed.
例：The speech implanted a dangerous prejudice in their minds...那场演讲给他们灌输了一种很危险的偏见。
例：Gregory's father had implanted in him an ambition to obtain an education...格雷戈里的父亲早就向他灌输了要接受教育的志向。
n. [外科] 移植；灌输；鼓吹
 - transplantation, infusion

Word: lazily
Front: lazily
['leɪzɪlɪ] (16150/17243)
Back: adv. 怠惰地，懒散地; 慢吞吞地
分布：懒惰地(50%)，慢吞吞地(50%)
ADJ-GRADED
懒惰的；懒散的
If someone is lazy, they do not want to work or make any effort to do anything.
例：Lazy and incompetent police officers are letting the public down...懒惰兼无能的警官令公众失望。
例：I was too lazy to learn how to read music.我太懒，没有学识谱。
ADJ-GRADED
令人精神松弛的；令人懒洋洋的
You can use lazy to describe an activity or event in which you are very relaxed and which you do or take part in without making much effort.
例：Her latest novel is perfect for a lazy summer's afternoon reading...在慵懒的夏日午后阅读她的最新小说最合适不过了。
例：We would have a lazy lunch and then lie on the beach in the sun.我们会慵懒地吃顿午饭，然后躺在沙滩上晒太阳。
ADJ
徐徐的；缓缓的
If you describe something as lazy, you mean that it moves or flows slowly and gently.
例：...a valley of rolling farms spread out along a lazy river.山谷里的农田起伏绵延，旁边一条溪水缓缓而过
例：...the lazy, loose grace of the born athlete.这位天生的运动员悠然放松的优雅姿态
adv. 懒洋洋地；怠惰地，懒散地
 - drowsily, indolently

Word: intermediation
Front: intermediation
[ˌɪntəˌmi:dɪ'eɪʃən] (38010/-)
Back: n. 调停，仲裁，调解
分布：调解(57%)，仲裁(26%)，调停(17%)
n. 调解；仲裁；调停；作中间人
 - arbitration, mediation

Word: juxtapose
Front: juxtapose
[ˌdʒʌkstəˈpəʊz] (宝 13407/20376)
Vocabulary: juxtapose
(once / 4277 pages)
v
See the word "pose" in juxtapose? When you juxtapose, you are "posing" or positioning things side by side.
The verb juxtapose requires contrasting things placed next to one other: "The collage juxtaposed pictures of Jane while she was growing up and as an adult." Juxtapose is used often when referring to contrasting elements in the arts. "The music juxtaposed the instrumentation of jazz with the harmonies of soul."
WORD FAMILY
juxtapose: juxtaposed, juxtaposes, juxtaposing, juxtaposition +/ juxtaposition: juxtapositions
USAGE EXAMPLES
The old mixes with the new: Modern architecture is often juxtaposed with weathered wooden structures that appear ancient.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
For environmental reverence, there was “Wolf Eyes,” juxtaposing wolf howls with the sweetness of Mr. Winter’s saxophone.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
His campaign’s closing ad juxtaposed photos of Jewish financiers with classic anti-Semitic vocabulary about a parasitic “global power structure.”
Slate(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: vt. 把…并列，把…并置，把…放在另一个旁边
时态：juxtaposed, juxtaposing, juxtaposes
分布：并列(64%)，并置(36%)
→来自拉丁语iuxta,靠近，接近，缩写自*iugista,来自*iugos,连接，词源同join,jugular,-ista,最高级后缀，字面意思即最接近的。-pose,放置，词源同pose,position.引申词义并列放置，并置。
并列,并置(juxta并排+pose→并排放)[pos,posit=put表示"放"]
【记】juxta＝next，pose（放）一并放，并排
US [-'poʊz] verb transitive
■to put things which are not similar next to each other 把（不同的事物）并置，把…并列
• The exhibition juxtaposes Picasso's early drawings with some of his later works. 展览同时展出了毕卡索早期的画作和他的一些晚期作品。
vt. 并列；并置
 - counterpose

Word: kc

Word: menagerie
Front: menagerie
[məˈnædʒəri] (22102/33572)
Vocabulary: menagerie
(once / 3072 pages)
n
A menagerie (pronounced muh-NA-juh-ree, with NA as in "national") is a collection of live animals that people visit, study, or keep as pets. If you really want a backyard menagerie of farm animals after visiting the petting zoo, take a long sniff and remember what comes with them.
Pet lovers can have a menagerie of cats, dogs, and birds or exotic animals such as snakes, ferrets, and piranhas. Zoos have animal collections like the menagerie of sea creatures in the aquarium and the swinging apes in the jungle menagerie. And a science or medical center may have a menagerie of rats for studying behavior. If you want a menagerie, an ant farm is a good one: lots of animals in a container, always working, and never stinking up the place.
WORD FAMILY
menagerie: menageries
USAGE EXAMPLES
They will also be able to observe the menagerie of small moons that orbit in or near the edges of the rings.
BBC(Dec 30, 2016)
Not so Edward Gorey, who was almost as eccentric as his ghoulishly humorous drawings, with their mysterious black-clad ladies, long-suffering children and ominous menageries.
New York Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Cathedral clergy, a profusion of angels, shepherds, Bethlehem townspeople and a menagerie of animals in a retelling of the Nativity.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 小动物园
分布：动物园(59%)，兽群(22%)，动物展览(19%)
→来自法语menagerie,畜养野生动物的屋子，来自menage,家庭，居住地。引申词义小动物园，尤指私人野生动物园。
US [-ɚ-] noun countable
■a collection of wild animals which are kept privately or to show to the public （私人豢养或供公众观赏的一群）野生动物
n. 动物园；动物展览；（马戏团豢养的）兽群
 - zoological garden, zoological park

Word: locomotion
Front: locomotion
[ˌləʊkəˈməʊʃn] (托宝 22712/24363)
Vocabulary: locomotion
(once / 4284 pages)
n
Locomotion refers to the ability to move. "The Loco-motion" is also a dance-song popularized by Grand Funk Railroad. Google it; you won't be sorry.
"Come on baby, do the loco-motion!" See the word motion in locomotion? That's a clue that this word has to do with movement. An animal is capable of locomotion if it can move on its own. For example, a dog's legs and a bird's wings give them locomotion. Our legs are our tools for locomotion too. Locomotion is also an instance of traveling. If you get on a train, that’s locomotion.
WORD FAMILY
locomotion: locomotions+/locomote: locomoted, locomotion, locomotive/locomotive: locomotively, locomotives
USAGE EXAMPLES
One pattern of electric pulses would instigate the “swing” phase of locomotion, the other prompted the “stance” phase.
Washington Post(Nov 09, 2016)
"Useful locomotion also requires control of balance, steering and obstacle avoidance, which were not addressed," he added.
BBC(Nov 09, 2016)
Mafia III is a game that assumes you delight in locomotion for locomotion’s sake.
Time(Oct 12, 2016)
Back: n. 运动; 移动; 运动力; 移动力
分布：运动(67%)，移动(31%)，转位(2%)
→loco-,地方，motion,移动。
运动,运转(loco+motion动)[loc=place,表示"地方"]
US [ˌloʊ.kə'moʊ-] specialized
noun uncountable
■the ability to move; movement 运动能力；运动
n. 运动；移动；旅行
 - movement, removal, exercise, sport, campaign

Word: lifeless
Front: lifeless
[ˈlaɪfləs] (12197/11973 -1)
Vocabulary: lifeless
(once / 1001 pages)
adj
Someone who's lifeless has died. Your lifeless house plant probably got that way because you forgot to water it.
You can use the adjective lifeless to describe once-living things, like people, animals, and plants, and you can also use it for objects that appear inert: "The creepy thing about that painting is the clown's lifeless eyes." Things that are duller or droopier than they should be are also lifeless, like your lifeless hair or a writer's lifeless prose. Less common is using lifeless to mean "with no living things," like the lifeless planet Venus.
WORD FAMILY
lifeless: lifelessly, lifelessness+/ life: lifeless, lifelike, lifer, lifes, lives, pro-life/ lifelike: unlifelike/lifer: lifers/pro-life: pro-lifer/pro-lifer: pro-lifers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Shortly after he awoke, he said, he spotted Collins' lifeless body in the spa.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 28, 2016)
A spotlight shone on the seemingly lifeless body of the Coyote.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
The result: users falling into a trancelike state, groaning and moaning, their eyes lifeless and their movements slow and seemingly mechanical.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 无生命的; 死气沉沉的，无生气的; 无趣味的; 毫无生气
分布：无生命的(60%)，死气沉沉的(25%)，无趣味的(15%)
adjective
■dead 死亡的，没有生命的
• His lifeless body lay on the floor. 他的尸体躺在地板上。
■showing little energy or interest 没有生气的，无精打采的，乏味的
• a lifeless performance 死气沉沉的表演
■not filled with or used by people 无人居住（或使用）的；没有人气的
• The offices are still empty and lifeless. 办公室里依然空空荡荡，没有一个人。
adj. 无生命的；死气沉沉的；无趣味的
 - dead, inanimate

Word: lingo
Front: lingo
[ˈlɪŋgəʊ] (16897/33225)
Vocabulary: lingo
(once / 5621 pages)
n
Lingo is a way of speaking that's shared by a particular group of people — it's their own personal slang or jargon. You might observe International Talk Like a Pirate Day by trying to speak only pirate lingo.
Sometimes people refer to the language or dialect spoken in a place as its lingo: "I'd love to visit Paris, but I don't speak the lingo." You're more likely to hear lingo in the context of the words and phrases one group understands, but that outsiders might not, like computer lingo or English major lingo, or musician's lingo. Lingo shares a Latin root, lingua, or "tongue," with words like language and linguist.
WORD FAMILY
lingo: lingoes, lingos
USAGE EXAMPLES
Williams would send him back multiple paragraphs, dense with technical insight and coaching lingo.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
“He’s picking up our lingo. He’s very playful.”
Washington Times(Nov 22, 2016)
These are important deals, though they typically are filled with sleep-inducing corporate lingo.
Washington Times(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 听不懂的话（指方言、术语等），隐语，外语
分布：行话(42%)，术语(33%)，语言(25%)
→来自拉丁语lingua,舌头，语言。用以指外国话，外国语。
US [-goʊ] (plural lingoes) informal
noun countable usually singular
■a foreign language 外国语言，外国话
• In Italy, of course, Stef can speak the lingo. 在义大利斯泰夫当然可以说义大利语。
■a type of language that contains a lot of unusual or technical expressions 隐语；行话，术语
• internet lingo 网际网路术语
n. 行话；术语；隐语
 - technology, jargon

Word: morbid
Front: morbid
[ˈmɔ:bɪd] (托雅宝 15607/14213 -1)
Vocabulary: morbid
(once / 824 pages)
adj
If the first section of the newspaper you read is the obituaries, you could be considered morbid. Morbid is a word used to describe anyone who spends too much time thinking about death or disease.
A lot of English words relating to medicine and science come from Latin, and the adjective morbid is one of them; it comes from the root morbidus, meaning "diseased" or "sick." Morbid can also be used to describe other nouns besides people. If you wear Goth clothing, your wardrobe might be described as morbid. And if you hang tombstones on your walls, your taste in art could also be described as morbid.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
morbid / moribund
Morbid describes something gruesome, like smallpox or Frankenstein's monster. Moribund refers to the act of dying. Goths love both. What fun!
Morbid and moribund are both dark and popular around Halloween, but if you dig up their graves, you'll find their Latin bones are different: Morbid comes from morbus, for disease, while moribund comes from morī, for dying.
Morbid is a busy adjective, going from dark to darker describing terrible things such as anything related to disease -obesity, insanity, the plague - or unwholesome thoughts. Morbid pops up all over the place, such as in
The Morbid Imagination, a Website about Gothic Horror and the Arts.
Or in this quote from a book about country life:
And the slender, undersized, morbid girl needed just such tonic. (Lillian Elizabeth Roy)
You can be morbidly obese or morbidly thin, as long as you're sick in some way, even in the head, you're morbid. Appropriately, Morbid is the name of a Swedish death metal band.
On the other hand, moribund means dying, literally or figuratively. It can refer to a person about to leave this world behind or to something that's almost obsolete. In both senses, moribund does not mean death but dying. It refers to the action, not the outcome, like in this example from an old medical book:
This heart was taken from a man who came into the hospital in a moribund condition.
The word also shows up in the news, all too often describing an economy:
But the domestic economy remains moribund, while the fragile export recovery could be sabotaged by slowing in the global economy. (New York Times)
The hermit crab that hasn't had water in three days is a moribund pet. The kid with the black lipstick who wants it to die is morbid.
WORD FAMILY
morbid: morbidity, morbidly, morbidness+/ morbidity: morbidities
USAGE EXAMPLES
A morbid, and possibly unique, phenomenon may be the answer.
Science Magazine(Dec 15, 2016)
"I am not into morbid counts but that kind of volume matters, that kind of impact on the enemy."
BBC(Dec 08, 2016)
She examined a set of taxidermied kittens, posed into a Victorian wedding scene, at the Morbid Anatomy Museum in Brooklyn.
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: adj. （兴趣、精神、思想等）病态的; 疾病的; 有成见的; 令人毛骨悚然的，恐怖的
分布：病态的(91%)，不正常的(9%)
→来自拉丁语morbus,疾病，来自mori,快死，将死，来自mer,死亡，词源同mortal,murder.即生病的，病态的。
疾病的,不健康的(morb[=mort]+id→像死一样→疾病的)[mort=death,表示"死"]
病态的(morb病+id)[-id表形容词"如…的"]
病态的[morb=disease(病)]
【记】mor死，bid－快死了－病态的直接读成中文◎＃￥※×
【反】wholesome（adj 卫生的；有益健康的）；hale（adj 老人矍铄的）；verdant（adj 翠绿的）；salubrious（adj 有益健康的）
US ['mɔ:r-] adjective disapproving
■too interested in unpleasant subjects, especially death （尤指对死亡等）病态的，着迷的
• a morbid fascination with death 对死亡的病态迷恋
adj. 病态的；由病引起的；恐怖的；病变部位的
 - sick, pathological

Word: misprice

Word: mercantilism
Front: mercantilism
[mɜ:ˈkæntɪlɪzəm] (35808/-)
Vocabulary: mercantilism
(once / 110461 pages)
n
Mercantilism, also called "commercialism,” is a system in which a country attempts to amass wealth through trade with other countries, exporting more than it imports and increasing stores of gold and precious metals. It is often considered an outdated system.
The noun mercantilism came from the Latin mercāns, or "buyer." It was a system that encouraged the idea of government trade regulation to gain wealth, a move away from agriculture system as an economic base. Although largely rejected today, it was the main school of economic thought from the 15th through the 18th Centuries, and was the push behind much of the exploration and colonization of other lands — and many of the wars — that happened during that time.
WORD FAMILY
mercantile: mercantilism, mercantily
USAGE EXAMPLES
Like most caricatures, the book contains elements of truth; Chinese mercantilism undoubtedly fueled surging exports that were partly responsible for devastating U.S.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 27, 2016)
Bouazizi, like the frustrated Americans who voted for Mr. Trump, are not victims of globalization but of mercantilism.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 27, 2016)
Capitalism has its roots in 17th-century mercantilism, and, for hundreds of years, it existed in and with thoroughly undemocratic systems.
Salon(Aug 11, 2016)
Back: n. 商业主义，营利主义，商人本性; 重商主义
分布：重商主义(90%)，商人本性(10%)
→来自mercantile,商业的，-ism,主义，思想。引申词义重商主义。
n. 重商主义；商人本性；商业主义
 - mercantile system, commercialism

Word: misquote
Front: misquote
[ˌmɪsˈkwəʊt] (25941/33273)
Vocabulary: misquote
(once / 13148 pages)
vn
To misquote someone is to incorrectly repeat the words they've said. It's unethical for a journalist to deliberately misquote the subject of an interview.
It's extremely common for people to misquote famous figures like Gandhi (who never literally said, "Be the change you wish to see in the world") and Machiavelli (who didn't exactly say, "The ends justify the means"). These examples can also be called misquotes. As with many words, Shakespeare is credited with being the first to use this combination of mis-, "wrong," and quote, "repeat or copy out exact words."
WORD FAMILY
misquote: misquotation, misquoted, misquotes, misquoting+/misquotation: misquotations/ quotable: quotability, quotably, unquotable/ quotation: quotations/ quote: misquote, quotable, quotation, quoted, quoter, quotes, quoting, underquote/quoter: quoters
USAGE EXAMPLES
Due to an editing error, a Dec. 15 Politics misquoted Hillary Clinton as saying, “We are all part of something bigger than ourselves.”
Slate(Dec 16, 2016)
He told Trending that he was later misquoted, but acknowledges that that the email he wrote was probably too "informal" in tone.
BBC(Nov 25, 2016)
“He’s been misquoted about the 45 percent on China. Everybody says, ‘Oh, he’s going to slap 45 percent tariff on everything out of China.’
Washington Post(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: vt. 不确切地引用
n. 引用错误
时态：misquoted, misquoting, misquotes
分布：错误地引用(63%)，误引(37%)
US [-'kwoʊt] verb transitive
■to repeat something someone has said in a way that is not accurate 错误地引用，误引
• Her promise was deliberately misquoted by her opponents, who then used it against her. 她的承诺被对手故意错误引用，以对她构成不利。
• I never said that at all - the press misquoted me. 我根本没说过那样的话——是媒体引用错误。

Word: misgovernment

Word: neolithic
Front: neolithic
[.niːə'lɪθɪk] (宝 22490/16943)
Back: adj. 新石器时代的
分布：新石器时代的(100%)
→neo-,新，-lith,石头，词源同lithosphere。
新石器时代的(neo+lith石头+ic)[neo-表示"新的"]
新石器时代的(neo新+lith+ic)[lith=stone,表示"石头"]
US [-oʊ-] adjective
■belonging to the period when humans used tools and weapons made of stone and had just developed farming 新石器时代的
• neolithic tools/artifacts/settlements 新石器时代的工具／手工制品／村落
• The neolithic period is sometimes called the new stone age. 新石器时代有时被称为 new stone age。
Compare palaeolithic
adj. [古] 新石器时代的；早先的
 - previous

Word: multimillionaire
Front: multimillionaire
[ˌmʌltimɪljəˈneə(r)] (17567/- -1)
Back: n. 大富豪，巨富
分布：千万富翁(75%)，大富豪(25%)
US [-tˌiˌmɪl.jə'ner] noun countable
■a person who has money and property worth several million pounds or dollars 拥有数百万家财的富翁，大富豪
n. 千万富翁；大富豪；拥有数百万家财的富豪
 - millionnaire, Croesus

Word: mutton
Front: mutton
[ˈmʌtn] (高研四六宝 22179/15305)
Vocabulary: mutton
(once / 929 pages)
n
If you order mutton at a restaurant, you'll be served a kind of meat that comes from an adult sheep. It's not, however, very common to see mutton on a menu.
Use mutton when you're talking about eating the flesh of a sheep. In the United States, it's more common to dine on lamb, which is meat that comes from a baby sheep, although mutton is a popular dish in other parts of the world. Mutton has been in use since the thirteenth century, from an Old French root word, moton, "mutton, ram, or sheep." In the 1860's, long sideburns called mutton chops were a popular style of facial hair.
WORD FAMILY
mutton: muttons
USAGE EXAMPLES
Jagdish Singh said it was "troubling" to find out that tallow - derived from beef or mutton, but sometimes pork - was used to manufacture the fiver.
BBC(Nov 30, 2016)
The fatty substance is traditionally derived from beef or mutton and sometimes pork, at the slaughterhouse or later in the food production process.
BBC(Nov 30, 2016)
At the age of four, a kid might ride sheep in competitions—it’s called mutton busting.
The New Yorker(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. 羊肉; 绵羊
分布：羊肉(100%)
→来自古法语mouton,山羊，来自Proto-Celtic*moltos,山羊，公羊。后用以指羊肉。
n.羊肉I will be satisfied with some braised mutton.有红烧羊肉我就会满足的.
US ['mʌtˌ-] noun uncountable
■the meat from an adult sheep eaten as food 羊肉
UK ['mʌt.ən] US ['mʌtˌ-] noun uncountable
mutton dressed as lamb UK informal disapproving
■a way of describing an older woman who is dressed in a style that is more suitable for a younger woman 扮俏（或装嫩）的妇女
• Do you think this dress is too young-looking for me? - I don't want to look like mutton dressed as lamb. 这条连身裙对我来说是不是太年轻了？我可不想装嫩。
n. [食品] 羊肉；绵羊
 - sheep, hotpot

Word: multichannel

Word: nit
Front: nit
[nɪt] (-/25710)
Vocabulary: nit
(once / 11903 pages)
1n 2n
A nit is a louse egg. If your scalp is extra itchy, get someone (maybe even a "nitpicker" to check you for nits.
There's no getting around the fact that nits are pretty gross — they're basically baby lice. Nits can be tricky to spot on an infested person's scalp, because they're smaller than a grain of rice and a very pale color. Colloquially, to "nit pick" is to find and criticize someone's faults, no matter how tiny they might be. Another, less disgusting kind of nit is a scientific term for an amount of light emitted.
WORD FAMILY
nit: nits
USAGE EXAMPLES
However, after the Michaud ruling, the Department of Justice invoked the Classified Information Procedures Act and declared the NIT secret.
Seattle Times(Dec 13, 2016)
“At the end of the day, it’s all about the nit combs,” she said.
Washington Times(Dec 10, 2016)
The Wildcats are looking to bounce back after getting bounced from the first round of the NIT by Florida State last season.
Seattle Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. （虱等的）幼虫; 卵; <英口>糊涂虫; 傻瓜
分布：没用的人(67%)，虱子(33%)
→来自古英语hnitu,虱子卵，虱子，来自konid,虱子卵，来自ko,尖的，锋利，词源同cone,cuneiform.
noun
PERSON 人
countable UK informal disapproving
■a nitwit
[nɪt] noun
EGG 卵
countable usually plural
■the egg of a louse , which sticks to the fur of an animal or the hair of a person 虱卵
• A few of the children have got nits. 几个孩子身上有虱。
n. 幼虫；没用的人
 - larva, nympha

Word: norse

Word: offside
Front: offside
[ˌɒfˈsaɪd] (40641/21467 -1)
Back: adj. <体>越位的
n. 越位
分布：越位(71%)，越位的(19%)，越位地(6%)，右侧的(4%)
→off,离开，side,边。比喻用法。
US [ˌɑ:f-/ mainly UK (US also offsides]ˌɑ:f'saɪdz/)
■(in particular sports, especially football and hockey) in a position which is not allowed by the rules of the game, often in front of the ball （尤指足球、曲棍球等运动中）越位的
• the offside rule 越位规则
adjective
SPORT 运动 UK ['ɒf.saɪd] US ['ɑ:f-/ [before noun] mainly UK
■on or relating to the side of a vehicle that is furthest from the kerb and closest to the centre of the road when you are driving 在车辆远离路边、靠近道路中央的一边的
• The offside rear wheel needs replacing. 右后轮需要更换了。
Compare nearside
noun UK [ˌɒfˈsaɪd] US [ˌɑːf-]
SPORT 运动
uncountable
■(in sports such as football) when a player is offside （足球规则中的）越位
• Coventry had a goal disallowed for offside. 考文垂队的一个进球因越位而被判无效。
Compare onside
noun UK [ˌɒfˈsaɪd] US [ˌɑːf-]
VEHICLE/ROAD 车辆／道路
the offside UK [ði'ɒf.saɪd] US [ði'ɑ:f-/
only singular
■the side of a vehicle that is furthest from the kerb and closest to the centre of the road when you are driving, i.e. (in the UK) the right side 车辆行驶过程中，其远离路边、靠近道路中央的一边（英国为右侧）
• The car was scraped all along the offside. 汽车远离路边、靠近道路中央的一边被刮了。
Compare nearside

Word: pageantry
Front: pageantry
[ˈpædʒəntri] (23030/32911)
Vocabulary: pageantry
(once / 5913 pages)
n
Pageantry is the grandeur that turns an event into an elaborate spectacle. The long ritual of a new queen's coronation is a good example of pageantry.
In contrast to the simplicity of a small wedding ceremony in a friend's back yard, a grand, expensive wedding might include such pageantry as a parade of bridesmaids in rainbow-colored gowns, followed by a mariachi band and the bride arriving on the back of an elephant. Pageantry comes from pageant, which today is a "showy spectacle or parade," but in Middle English meant "stage or scene of a play."
WORD FAMILY
pageantry: pageantries
USAGE EXAMPLES
Such pageantry is the fruit of a new apparel contract, worth about $170 million, between the university and Nike.
New York Times(Sep 09, 2016)
A literate epic that utilizes both pageantry and splendid language, "Lion" — now digitally restored — was nominated for seven Oscars, including best picture, in 1969.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
The author added that “hoodwinked” individuals consider the pageantry innocuous.
Washington Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 壮丽的展示，盛况，正规庆典的传统特征
分布：壮观(46%)，华丽(31%)，盛典(11%)，虚饰(8%)，炫耀(4%)
→来自pageant,古装仪式。
noun uncountable
■splendid, colourful and very expensive ceremonies 盛大庆典；盛况
• She loved the pageantry and tradition of the Royal Family. 她喜欢皇室盛大的排场和传统习俗。
n. 壮观，华丽；露天历史剧
 - spectacularity, flamboyance

Word: oxytocin
Front: oxytocin
[ˌɒksɪ'təʊsɪn] (31155/-)
Back: n. 后叶催产素（脑下垂体后叶荷尔蒙的一种）
分布：名词(100%)
n. [药] 催产素；缩宫素；脑下垂体后叶荷尔蒙之一种
 - pitocin, oxytocic hormone

Word: peninsular
Front: peninsular
[pəˈnɪnsjələ(r)] (30772/21893)
Vocabulary: peninsular
(once / 5803 pages)
adj
Use the adjective peninsular to describe a near-island that is connected to the mainland.
Every good noun needs an associated adjective, and you won't have any difficulty in discerning where this one comes from. A peninsula is a piece of land that juts out into the water, nearly an island. Something that's peninsular looks like a peninsula or is a geographical area with a lot of peninsulas. The coast of Maine, for example, is peninsular, lined with thin necks of land. The Latin root, pæninsula, literally means "almost an island."
WORD FAMILY
peninsula: peninsular, peninsulas
USAGE EXAMPLES
US power and influence is being challenged around the world at an accelerating rate, and nowhere more so than on the Korean peninsular.
The Guardian(Nov 07, 2016)
In western Europe, the region with the highest seismic hazard is the mountainous backbone of peninsular Italy, the Apennines.
The Guardian(Nov 05, 2016)
Water filled many downtown streets, and flowed over the sea wall along East Battery Street, along the southeastern edge of this peninsular city.
New York Times(Oct 09, 2016)
Back: n. 住在半岛上的居民
adj. 半岛（状）的（居民），形成半岛的
分布：半岛的(60%)，半岛状的(40%)

Word: pejorative
Front: pejorative
[pɪˈdʒɒrətɪv] (宝 19466/20954)
Vocabulary: pejorative
(once / 38500 pages)
adj
Call a word or phrase pejorative if it is used as a disapproving expression or a term of abuse. Tree-hugger is a pejorative term for an environmentalist.
Coming from the Latin word for "worse," pejorative is both an adjective and a noun. As an adjective, it means disapproving or disparaging. Hack is a pejorative term for a bad writer. If you call someone a politician in the pejorative sense, you mean that they are scheming and out for personal gain. Terms of abuse such as jerk and negative euphemisms such as bottom feeder are pejoratives, words you use when you want to call someone a bad name.
WORD FAMILY
pejorative: pejoratively
USAGE EXAMPLES
He views the term as pejorative, and he is notably skeptical about the value of psychiatric diagnosis in voice-hearing cases:
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
Data from Google Books show the plural word “elites” beginning to be used in about 1940, with the obviously pejorative “elitist” rising from about 1960.
Economist(Dec 15, 2016)
A lifelong military man, he praises planning, modesty and preparation, and uses the word “improvisation” as a pejorative.
Washington Post(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 轻蔑的，贬损的
n. 轻蔑语
分布：轻蔑的(45%)，轻蔑语(45%)，贬低的(10%)
→来自拉丁语peior,更坏的，来自ped,脚，词源同foot,impair,impeach.字母d脱落，拉丁语i在英语里音变为j,-or,比较级后缀。词义由其基本义脚引申为向下，低等，低到尘埃，卑贱，最后引申词义贬损的，轻蔑的。
【记】pe破，j，ora说，tive用在人身上表示过分－说破话－贬低的
【反】laudatory（adj 赞美的）
US [-'dʒɔ:r.ə.tˌɪv] formal
adjective
■disapproving or suggesting that something is not good or is of no importance 贬抑的，贬损的
• Make sure students realise that 'fat' is an unflattering or pejorative word. 一定要让学生明白 fat（肥胖）不是奉承之词，而是贬义词。
• It comes as quite a shock to still hear a judge describing a child as 'illegitimate', with all the pejorative overtones of that word. 令人大为震惊的是，尽管“私生子”一词带有强烈的贬义，但现在仍能听到法官称某个孩子为私生子。
adj. 轻蔑的； [临床] 恶化的，变坏的
 - scornful, sniffish

Word: peptide
Front: peptide
[ˈpeptaɪd] (17188/8389)
Back: n. <生化>肽，缩氨酸
分布：肽(100%)
→来自peptic,消化的，-ide,表相关性。用于化学名词肽。
noun countable specialized
■a chemical compound that is made of a small chain of two more more amino acids 肽（两个或多个胺基酸小链构成的一种化合物）

Word: pawnbroker
Front: pawnbroker
[ˈpɔ:nbrəʊkə(r)] (35143/25784)
Vocabulary: pawnbroker
(once / 5009 pages)
n
A pawnbroker is someone who owns a shop that loans people money in exchange for valuable items. If you want to hock your engagement ring, head to a pawnbroker!
If you pawn your bike at a pawnbroker's shop (also called a pawnshop), you will leave with cash, but not quite as much as your bike is worth. To get it back, you'll have to pay back the money plus interest — and if you don't, the pawnbroker will eventually sell your bike to someone else. To pawn is to "give an object as security in exchange for money," and a broker is a "seller of other people's goods."
WORD FAMILY
pawnbroker: pawnbrokers
USAGE EXAMPLES
This is a Washington of rooming houses, pawnbrokers, topless bars, delis, five-and-dimes, furniture stores, camera stores .
Washington Post(Nov 28, 2016)
Another clear difference is the prominent payday lender shop, replacing the pawnbrokers of 1751.
BBC(Oct 20, 2016)
They find a bank machine in between Krishna Jewelers & Pawnbrokers and Blooming Buds India Playschool.
New York Times(Sep 24, 2016)
Back: n. 当铺老板
分布：当铺老板(65%)，典当商(35%)
→pawn,典当，broker,中介。
【记】源于：pawn（n /v 典当；抵押物）；broker（n 经纪人）
US ['pɑ:nˌbroʊ.kɚ] noun countable
■a person who lends money in exchange for things which they can sell if the person leaving them does not pay an agreed amount of money in an agreed time 典当商人，当铺老板

Word: polaroid

Word: pollination
Front: pollination
[ˌpɒlə'neɪʃn] (托 21260/28784)
Vocabulary: pollination
(once / 27360 pages)
n
Use the noun pollination to describe the reproduction of plants, whether it happens with the assistance of insects, other animals, or the wind.
Pollination can happen when a bee moves pollen from a plant to another area, helping the plant to reproduce. Plants are fertilized by the transfer of pollen to other parts of the same plant, or to neighboring plants, through pollination. The root word is pollen, used in science writing since 1760 to mean "the fertilizing part of flowers," and earlier to mean "dust or fine flour."
WORD FAMILY
pollination: pollinations, self-pollination+/ pollen: pollens, pollinate / pollinate: pollinated, pollinates, pollinating, pollination, pollinator/pollinated: self-pollinated/pollinating: self-pollinating/pollinator: pollinators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Each species may prefer visiting different flowers and plants – a mixture of species is good for pollination.
The Guardian(Dec 11, 2016)
Ecosystems support humans in a variety of ways from pollination and pest control necessary for agriculture.
Time(Dec 08, 2016)
More than 300 bird species, necessary for the pollination of our global food supply, are considered threatened by global warming.
Salon(Oct 29, 2016)
Back: n. <植>授粉（作用）
分布：授粉(100%)

Word: pinprick
Front: pinprick
[ˈpɪnprɪk] (25100/33732)
Vocabulary: pinprick
(once / 52531 pages)
n
A pinprick is what it sounds like — a tiny prick or hole created by something as small as a pin. People also use this word to represent something that is as annoying or irritating as the feeling of being pricked by a pin.
The word pinprick can evoke the image of something so tiny that it is the size of a pinprick, like seeing the stars in the sky as pinpricks of light. And then there is the sensation of a pinprick that is annoying and quick. This latter meaning has a metaphorical use, like when something refers to a tiny problem as a pinprick in comparison to more weighty troubles. No matter how you experience it, a pinprick is tiny. Don't sweat the pinpricks in life.
WORD FAMILY
pinprick: pinpricks
USAGE EXAMPLES
Even the darkest moments are illuminated by pinpricks of light stubbornly forcing their way into the room.
Time(Nov 14, 2016)
Another, Theranos, promised but couldn't deliver on quick and cheap pinprick technology that it envisioned would allow people to bypass doctors for lab tests.
Washington Post(Nov 11, 2016)
But such cowardly gestures are mere pinpricks compared to the damage Israel faces in the final days of the Obama presidency.
Washington Post(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: n. 针刺的孔，小孔，小烦恼
分布：针刺(62%)，刺孔于(19%)，小烦恼(19%)
→pin,针，prick,刺，刺点。
US ['pɪn-] noun countable usually plural
HOLE/PAIN 小孔／痛楚
■a very small hole in something where a pin or needle has been pushed into it, or a sudden pain where a pin or needle has been pushed into your skin 针刺孔，小孔；（针等物体刺入皮肤时所造成的）刺痛感
• There was a pinprick on his arm. 他的臂上有一个针孔。
UK ['pɪn.prɪk] US ['pɪn-] noun countable usually plural
SMALL AMOUNT 少量
■a very small amount of something, especially light 极少量（尤指轻的某物）
• The darkness was broken by the odd pinprick of light. 奇怪的少许亮光划破了黑暗。
UK ['pɪn.prɪk] US ['pɪn-] noun countable usually plural
ANNOYING THING 讨厌的东西
■something which is slightly annoying for a short time 小烦恼
• You have to ignore the pinpricks and just get on with the job. 你必须放下那些烦心小事，只管继续工作。
n. 针刺；针孔；令人烦恼的小事
 - needling, acupuncture

Word: prefrontal
Front: prefrontal
[pri:'frʌntəl] (27803/-)
Vocabulary: prefrontal
(once / 59694 pages)
adj
Use the adjective prefrontal when you're talking about the very front part of the brain. Take care of your prefrontal cortex; it controls your personality.
In an anatomy class, you'd gain a lot of information about the prefrontal cortex, since it's a vital section of the brain. The word prefrontal comes up in discussions of non-human animals as well, usually describing their brains, but sometimes in discussions of the skull, specifically the bones in front of a bird's or reptile's eye socket. Prefrontal combines pre-, "before," with frontal, "being in front," emphasizing the far forward location.
WORD FAMILY
frontal: frontally, frontals, prefrontal +/forefront: forefronts/ front: forefront, frontage, frontal, fronted, fronting, frontly, frontmost, fronts/frontage: frontages
USAGE EXAMPLES
Just like in humans, parts of their prefrontal cortex are devoted to social coordination.
Time(Nov 08, 2016)
But learning lives in the prefrontal too, which means the knowledge-hungry brain you had when you were young may stick around longer than you thought.
Time(Nov 04, 2016)
We have this shiny new prefrontal cortex and can use it to fight fear.
Time(Oct 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 额叶前部的，前额的
分布：前额骨(50%)，前额骨的(25%)，前头叶的(25%)

Word: pfc
Front: pfc
['pi:'efs'i:] None
Back: abbr. plastic-film-capacitor 薄膜电容器; passenger facility charge 旅客设备费用; passed (with) flying colours 以优异成绩通过考试; plaque-forming cell 空斑形成细胞
分布：塑料膜电容器(100%)

Word: retraction
Front: retraction
[rɪˈtrækʃn] (21897/23414)
Vocabulary: retraction
(once / 11611 pages)
n
When you change your mind and take back something you said previously, that's a retraction. If a politician says something offensive, he'll sometimes issue a formal retraction later.
When someone needs to withdraw an opinion or backpedal on something they've said (especially publicly), they send out a retraction. A newspaper editor might publish a retraction after a badly reported story is printed, and astronomers who discover a new star might announce a retraction after realizing it was just a smudge on the lens of their telescope. The Latin root is retractionem, "a drawing back."
WORD FAMILY
retraction: retractions+/ retract: retractable, retracted, retracting, retraction, retractor, retracts/ retractable: nonretractable/retractor: retractors
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr. Liu’s confession and retraction suggest a dark side to Mr. Xi’s efforts.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 20, 2016)
In Ms. Trump’s case, she demanded a retraction and apology from Mr. Tarpley, who published his sordid blog post on Aug. 2.
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
This story is the product of a collaboration between Science and Retraction Watch.
Science Magazine(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 收回; 缩回; 缩入
分布：收回(54%)，退缩(33%)，撤消(13%)
缩进;撤回[tract=draw,表示"拉,拖"]
n. 撤回，撤销；收回
 - withdrawal, reclamation

Word: rapt
Front: rapt
[ræpt] (宝 16961/20557)
Vocabulary: rapt
(once / 1867 pages)
adj
To be rapt is to be carried away, caught up, or otherwise engrossed in something. If a performer is really good or particularly mesmerizing, the audience will be totally rapt.
Rapt developed from the Latin raptus, meaning to “seize, carry off." So imagine something so interesting that it seizes your attention and carries you off to another world. In fact, rapt is related to the word rapture, which is an experience of extreme, other-worldly happiness. So do your teacher a favor and give her your rapt attention during math class.
WORD FAMILY
rapt: rapter, raptest, raptly
USAGE EXAMPLES
You are, by now, surely, convinced that beets are delightfully festive and deserve your rapt attention.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
There is healing magic in their rapt attention.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The piano’s tone is pristine, the articulation clean, the balance between the hands immaculate, the overall tenor both spirited and rapt.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 全神贯注的，入迷的
分布：全神贯注的(70%)，入迷的(20%)，出神的(10%)
→来自拉丁语 rapere,抓住，抓取，词源同 rob,rip.-t,过去分词格。比喻用法。
着迷的(魂被夺走)[Rap,rapt,rav=snatch,表示"捕,夺"]
【记】源于：rape（v /n 强奸），在rape别人的时候要rapt
【参】rapture（n 全神贯注；兴高采烈）
【反】distracted（adj 心烦意乱的）
adjective
■giving complete attention, or showing complete involvement, or (of attention) complete 专心致志的；全神贯注的；全身心投入的
• She sat with a rapt expression reading her book. 她坐在那里神情专注地读书。
• The children watched with rapt attention. 孩子们全神贯注地看着。
Australian informal (also wrapped)
■extremely happy or excited 极高兴的；极兴奋的
adj. 全神贯注的；入迷的
 - concentrated, preoccupied

Word: purloin
Front: purloin
[pɜ:ˈlɔɪn] (宝 36914/34934)
Vocabulary: purloin
(once / 7472 pages)
v
You can use the verb purloin to mean "steal" or "take," especially if it's done in a sneaky way. If you sneak a dollar out of your mom's purse, you purloin it.
Kids might purloin apples from a neighbor's tree, and a crooked cashier might purloin cash from her boss's convenience store. Originally, purloin meant "put at a distance" in Middle English. The word comes from the Anglo-French purloigner, "put away."
WORD FAMILY
purloin: purloined, purloining, purloins
USAGE EXAMPLES
Trump gleefully cited many of the purloined emails on the campaign trail.
Seattle Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Mr. Trump gleefully cited many of the purloined emails on the campaign trail.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
The researchers then used what cryptographers describe as a “side channel” attack to purloin the key that Philips uses to authenticate new software.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: vt. 偷窃
时态：purloined, purloining, purloins
分布：偷窃(100%)
→pur-,向前，-loin,长的，词源同long,lunge,lounge.原义为延长，拖延，后引申词义偷窃，擅自使用。
【记】pur＝pure，loin＝lion：纯洁的狮子－非常罕见－有很多人想偷。
US [pɚ-] formal or humorous
verb transitive
■to steal something 偷
• I was using a pen that I'd purloined from the office. 我在用的钢笔是我从办公室顺手牵羊拿来的。
vt. 偷窃
 - steal, scrump
vi. 偷窃
 - boost, pick pocket

Word: reinvestment
Front: reinvestment
[ˌri:ɪn'vestmənt] (-/36310)
Back: n. 再投资，再授给
分布：再投资(100%)

Word: psychedelic
Front: psychedelic
[ˌsaɪkəˈdelɪk] (16995/22935 -1)
Vocabulary: psychedelic
(once / 13432 pages)
adj
Psychedelic originally described drugs — especially LSD — that made users experience bizarre, mind-bending sounds and images, real and imagined. Soon psychedelic was also used for music, art, and colors that seemed to fit a drug-induced haze.
Psychedelic art is wild, vivid, and might make you a little dizzy, like an electric pink tie-dyed t-shirt or a scene of phosphorescent green poodles in high heels, hiking the Alps against a purple-plaid sky. Psychedelic rock is heavy on electronic sounds and intricate instrumentation, in the style the Grateful Dead, Jimi Hendrix, and the Beatles’ Sgt. Peppers album. The word, dating from the 1950s, comes from the Greek psyche, “soul, mind” and delos “clear” — just what psychedelic isn’t.
WORD FAMILY
psychedelic: psychedelia, psychedelically
USAGE EXAMPLES
“They just sat there in silence, gazing at the barren canyon walls,” Mr. Lattin wrote in “The Harvard Psychedelic Club.”
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Three cancer patients explain how a psychedelic drug eased their fears.
Washington Post(Dec 25, 2016)
The original was already a masterpiece of art and engineering, melding a trance soundtrack with psychedelic explosions of light and color.
The New Yorker(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 引起幻觉的，致幻觉的; 迷幻的，幻觉的
n. 迷幻剂
分布：迷幻药(100%)
→药品名，根据希腊语创造出来的一个词。来自希腊语psyche,灵魂，精神，delos,清晰的，可见的，来自dyeu,照亮，照明，神，词源同diurnal,divine.引申词义产生幻觉的。
迷幻药(psyche精神+del看+ic)[-ic 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人或学科"3.表名词"某种病"]
adjective
■(of a drug) causing effects on the mind, such as feelings of deep understanding or seeing strong images （药物、毒品）引起幻觉的，致幻的
• psychedelic drugs 迷幻药
■Psychedelic art or clothing has bright colours and strange patterns of a type which might be experienced by taking psychedelic drugs. （艺术、服装等）产生迷幻效果的
adj. 引起幻觉的
 - hallucinatory, mind-blowing
n. 迷幻剂
 - hallucinogen

Word: seabird
Front: seabird
[ˈsi:bɜ:d] (21036/25517)
Back: n. 海鸟
分布：海鸟(100%)
US [-bɝ:d] noun countable
■a bird that lives near the sea and gets its food from it 海鸟
n. [鸟] 海鸟（如海鸥，等于seafowl）
 - seafowl

Word: scrubby
Front: scrubby
[ˈskrʌbi] (25188/33508)
Back: adj. （个子）矮小的，树丛繁盛的，多短硬毛的; 寒酸
级别：scrubbier, scrubbiest
分布：灌木丛生的(44%)，褴褛的(28%)，个子矮小的(28%)
→scrub,灌木丛，-y,形容词后缀。
adj. 矮小的；树丛繁盛的
 - dwarfish, runty

Word: sanctimonious
Front: sanctimonious
[ˌsæŋktɪˈməʊniəs] (托宝 24464/33165)
Vocabulary: sanctimonious
(once / 10572 pages)
adj
The sanctimonious person sounds like a hypocrite when he preaches to a friend about the evils of drugs, while he drinks one beer after another.
Sanctimonious is a twist on the words sanctity and sacred, which mean holy or religious. A sanctimonious person might think he's holy, but their attitude comes across more like "holier-than-thou." Though sanctimonious people might try to act like saints, their actions are far from pure or holy, which just makes them sound like hypocrites.
WORD FAMILY
sanctimonious: sanctimoniously, sanctimoniousness+/sanctimony: sanctimonies, sanctimonious
USAGE EXAMPLES
“She issued her sanctimonious public statement, controlled her media cycle and got her ‘perp walk’ on the evening news.”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Religious conservatives, for example, are typically attacked by liberals for being preachy and sanctimonious.
Washington Post(Nov 21, 2016)
Lawyers issued open letters pointing to flaws in the prosecution’s argument, and state media outlets published sanctimonious editorials calling for the court to show humanity.
New York Times(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 假装圣洁的
分布：道貌岸然的(60%)，伪装虔诚的(40%)
→来自 sanctimony,伪善，虚伪，-ous,形容词后缀。
【记】sancti神圣，mon警告，ious：因为你是假神圣，所以要警告你。
US [-'moʊ-] formal disapproving
adjective
■acting as if morally better than others 假装圣洁的；道貌岸然的；伪善的
• sanctimonious religious leaders preaching about morality 宣扬道德的道貌岸然的宗教领袖们
adj. 假装虔诚的；假装圣洁的；假装诚实的
 - pietistic, Pharisaic

Word: rubric
Front: rubric
[ˈru:brɪk] (13513/23025)
Vocabulary: rubric
(once / 7636 pages)
1n 2n 3n 4v
A rubric is a heading or a category in a chart, or a rule of conduct. A teacher's grading rubrics may include participation, homework completion, tests, quizzes, and papers.
A rubric can also mean a rule or a procedure. If you use "might makes right" as the rubric for the formation of a list of classroom rules, you'll have a different-feeling classroom culture than if your rubric is "everyone deserves respect."
WORD FAMILY
rubric: rubricate, rubricked, rubrics+/rubricate: rubricated, rubricates
USAGE EXAMPLES
So much for the calm deliberation that progressives claim to want as they lobbied electors under the rubric of Hamilton’s Electors.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 20, 2016)
The rubric now is simply that the administration will respond at a time and place of its choosing.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
Many of the articles he wrote over the next 13 years appeared under the rubric “The Diplomatic Round,” which Shawn invented for Mr. Newhouse.
Washington Post(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: n. （用红字印刷的）题目（或句子等）; 注释; 写在礼拜规程里的礼仪指示; 习俗
adj. 印为红字的
分布：标题(30%)，规则(19%)，类(19%)，红色的(14%)，注释(9%)，用红色书写的(9%)
→来自拉丁语 rubrica,红赭石，红染料，来自 ruber,红色的，词源同 red,ruby.引申词义红色标记， 记号，后用于指红字标题，用红字印刷的题目等。
['ru:.brɪk] formal
noun countable
■a set of instructions, etc., especially on an examination paper and usually printed in a different style or colour （尤指印在试卷上、通常用不同字体或颜色的）指示，说明，提示
• Read/Follow the rubric carefully. 仔细阅读／严格按照说明。
n. [印刷] 红字标题；红色印刷；题目
 - topic, theme

Word: sandstorm
Front: sandstorm
[ˈsændstɔ:m] (23419/43141)
Back: n. 沙暴，尘暴
分布：沙尘暴(94%)，大风沙(6%)
US [-stɔ:rm] noun countable
■a strong wind in a desert carrying a large amount of sand 沙暴，沙尘暴

Word: selma

Word: smallholding
Front: smallholding
[ˈsmɔ:lhəʊldɪŋ] (-/21816)
Back: n. 小农地，小农场
分布：小农场(73%)，小农地(27%)
US ['smɑ:lˌhoʊl-] UK
noun countable
■an area of land that is used for farming but which is much smaller than a typical farm 小块耕地
n. 小农场；小块农田
 - croft

Word: sinhala

Word: shellfish
Front: shellfish
[ˈʃelfɪʃ] (托 13065/19179 -1)
Back: n. 贝类动物; 甲壳类动物; 甲壳类（食物）
分布：贝(47%)，甲壳类动物(40%)，贝类菜(13%)
(plural shellfish)
noun countable or uncountable
■sea creatures that live in shells and are eaten as food, or one of these creatures 甲壳类水生动物
• Lobsters, crabs, prawns and oysters are all shellfish. 龙虾、螃蟹、对虾和牡蛎都是甲壳类水产品。

Word: softness
Front: softness
[sɒftnəs] (六 13851/12598)
Back: n. 柔和; 温柔; 柔软; [农]粉质性
分布：柔和(58%)，温柔(42%)
ADJ-GRADED
软的;柔软的
Something that is soft is pleasant to touch, and not rough or hard.
例：Regular use of a body lotion will keep the skin soft and supple...经常使用润肤露可使皮肤柔软而富有弹性。
例：When it's dry, brush the hair using a soft, nylon baby brush.当头发干后，用柔软的婴儿用尼龙发刷梳理头发。
ADJ-GRADED
软的;易弯曲的
Something that is soft changes shape or bends easily when you press it.
例：She lay down on the soft, comfortable bed...她在柔软而舒适的床上躺了下来。
例：Add enough milk to form a soft dough.加入足量的牛奶，使面团变得柔软。
ADJ-GRADED
线条柔和的;没有棱角的;平缓的
Something that has a soft appearance has smooth curves rather than sharp or distinct edges.
例：This is a smart, yet soft and feminine look.这是一张透着精明的面孔，但是线条柔和，女人味十足。
例：...the soft curves of her body.她柔和的身体曲线
ADJ-GRADED
(声音、光芒、色彩等)柔和的
Something that is soft is very gentle and has no force. For example, a soft sound or voice is quiet and not harsh. A soft light or colour is pleasant to look at because it is not bright.
例：There was a soft tapping on my door...有人在轻轻地敲我的门。
例：When he woke again he could hear soft music.他再次醒来时，听见了轻柔的音乐声。
ADJ-GRADED
宽容的;不严厉的;心慈手软的
If you are soft on someone, you do not treat them as strictly or severely as you should do.
例：The president says the measure is soft and weak on criminals...总统说这一举措对犯罪分子过于宽容，力度太小。
例：He had initially thought Byrnes too soft with the Russians.原先他还以为伯恩斯对俄国人过于手软呢。
ADJ-GRADED
同情(别人)的;心软的
If you say that someone has a soft heart, you mean that they are sensitive and sympathetic towards other people.
例：Her rather tough and worldly exterior hides a very soft and sensitive heart.她那强硬而世故的外表下掩藏着一颗温柔而敏感的心。
ADJ-GRADED
(生活)轻松的，不费力气的
You use soft to describe a way of life that is easy and involves very little work.
例：The regime at Latchmere could be seen as a soft option...在拉奇米尔建立政权可以视为一个简便易行的选择。
例：There is no way that 20 years of soft living could be lost in the first 30 minutes' exercise.20 年轻松舒适的生活是绝对不可能经过首次 30 分钟的训练就能放弃的。
ADJ
(大麻等毒品)软性的
Soft drugs are drugs, such as cannabis, which are illegal but which many people do not consider to be strong or harmful.
ADJ-GRADED
(目标)易被攻击的
A soft target is a place or person that can easily be attacked.
例：Women who carry cash about in the streets, as they very often have to, are a very soft target.必须经常携带现金上街的女性特别容易受到攻击。
ADJ-GRADED
(水)含钙量低的，软性的
Soft water does not contain much of the mineral calcium and so makes bubbles easily when you use soap.
PHRASE
特别喜爱;特别疼爱;钟爱
If you have a soft spot for someone or something, you feel a great deal of affection for them or like them a lot.
例：Terry had a soft spot for me...特里非常疼我。
例：I have a soft spot for London Zoo.我特别喜欢伦敦动物园。
n. 温柔；柔和
 - femininity, gentilesse

Word: shang
Front: shang
[ʃæŋ] None
Back: n. 商（中国古朝代名）
分布：商(100%)

Word: stylistic
Front: stylistic
[staɪˈlɪstɪk] (10647/9238 -1)
Back: adj. 文体的; 文体（论）的; 体裁上的
分布：风格上的(36%)，格式上的(31%)，体裁上的(27%)，文体上(6%)
→stylist,风格师，文体家，-ic,形容词后缀。
adjective
■relating to a particular style of doing something 风格的；风格上的
• In their second album, the band tried to expand their stylistic range. 在他们的第二张专辑里，乐队尝试着拓展他们的风格。
• Notice the stylistic similarities in the work of these three sculptors. 注意这三位元雕塑家作品风格的相似之处。

Word: sparta
Front: sparta
[ˈspɑ:tə] (-/17919)
Back: n. 三三席纹硬帆布
分布：=Lacedaemon.(100%)

Word: stringency
Front: stringency
['strɪndʒənsɪ] (32706/23169)
Back: n. 严格，紧迫，说服力; 严格性; 强度
分布：严厉(60%)，紧迫(40%)
紧急;严厉(sting+ency)[stirain,striet,string=tighten,表示"拉紧"]
n. 严格；说服力；（货币） [金融] 银根紧；迫切
 - severity, rigidity

Word: spherical
Front: spherical
[ˈsferɪkl] (六托 14655/16347)
Vocabulary: spherical
(once / 3805 pages)
adj
A ball is spherical; it's shaped like a sphere — a three-dimensional version of the two-dimensional circle.
The ball image is a good one since the word sphere comes from very similar-sounding Greek and Latin words, both of which mean "ball." The word sphere, however, has much broader usage: we use it in to discussing astronomy, our earth, even our social rank (as in "one's sphere of influence"). Spherical, by contrast, has a much more limited use. It basically is a description of shape: if it's spherical, it simply looks like a ball.
WORD FAMILY
spherical: nonspherical, spherically, sphericalness+/ sphere: spheres, spheric, spherical /spheric: sphericity
USAGE EXAMPLES
If indeed gravity was created this way, it calls into question the Death Star’s spherical design.
Salon(Dec 18, 2016)
“Where the Cannonball River joins the Missouri River … there used to be a whirlpool that created large, spherical sandstone formations,” Allard wrote in Yes!
Washington Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Most of the objects are in the form of rosary beads and spherical pendants, often with hinged halves that open to reveal tableaus.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 球形的，球面的; 天体的，天空的
分布：球面的(38%)，球的(37%)，球状的(25%)
→sphere,球，球体，-ical,形容词后缀。
adjective
■round, like a ball 球形的，球状的
• The Earth is not perfectly spherical. 地球不是个正球体。
adj. [数] 球形的，球面的； [天] 天体的
 - global, ball-shaped

Word: strafe
Front: strafe
[strɑ:f] (26188/28585)
Back: vt. 用机枪扫射，猛烈炮轰，惩罚
n. 猛烈炮轰，机枪扫射，损害
时态：strafed, strafing, strafes
分布：动词(100%)
→来自一战时德军战斗口号“Gott strafe England”，来自德语 Gott,上帝，词源同 God,strafe, 惩罚，处罚。后英国士兵从中选出 strafe 一词，用以指猛烈的炮火攻击，后二战时又赋予词 义飞机低空扫射。
verb transitive
■to attack an enemy by shooting from aircraft which are flying low in the sky （飞机）低空扫射
vt. 猛烈炮轰；从（低空）扫射；惩罚，痛打
 - penalise, chastise
n. 炮轰，扫射；斥责
 - denunciation, tongue-lashing

Word: squint
Front: squint
[skwɪnt] (宝 6372/13006 -1)
Vocabulary: squint
(once / 1977 pages)
vnadj
You squint when you squeeze your eyes almost shut. If you are trying to see something far away, you will probably squint while you strain your eyes to see more clearly.
When the sun shines brilliantly through the car windshield, the driver will squint, or squeeze her eyes almost shut against the bright light. This is probably a good moment for the driver to grab her sunglasses! You'll squint when a light is suddenly turned on in a dark room, and you might also squint when you're trying to read tiny type on a food label or medicine bottle. The expression on your face, and the action of doing this, are both called a squint as well. Squint comes from the now rare adverb asquint, or "from the corner of the eyes."
WORD FAMILY
squint: squinted, squinter, squinting, squintingly, squints+/squinter: squinters
USAGE EXAMPLES
It played like an average, unreliable squad that settles for decency, squints when the lights are bright and fails to maximize its best attributes.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
He was wearing aviator sunglasses, like a proper pilot should, while I squinted at the bright morning sky.
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
Squint down at the list, and pick three departments at random.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: v. 斜视; 斜着眼睛看; 倾向
n. 斜视; 一瞥
adj. 斜视的; 细眯着眼看的
时态：squinted, squinting, squints
分布：斜视(63%)，眯眼看(11%)，斜视的(9%)，一瞥(7%)，使斜眼(2%)，偏移(2%)，窥视(2%)，斜的(2%)，斜孔小窗(2%)
【记】squ压，in，t他：把他的一支眼睛压进去－斜视
verb intransitive
■to partly close your eyes in order to see more clearly 眯起眼看
• The sun was shining straight in her eyes which made her squint. 阳光刺眼，她不得不眯起了眼睛。
[skwɪnt] noun countable
EYE CONDITION 眼病
■a condition caused by a weakness of the eye muscles which makes the eyes look in different directions from each other 斜视
• As a child she wore thick glasses and had a bad squint. 她小时候戴着厚厚的眼镜，还有严重的斜视。
[skwɪnt] noun countable
LOOK 看 informal old-fashioned
■a quick look 瞥，瞟
• "The back wheel of my bike doesn't seem straight." "I'll have/take a squint at it if you like." “我脚踏车的后轮好像不太正。”“如果你愿意的话，我帮你看一下。”
vi. [眼科] [电讯] 斜视；患斜视；倾向
 - tend, affect
n. 看
 - look
adj. [眼科] [电讯] 斜视的
 - strabismic, swivel-eyed

Word: sup
Front: sup
[sʌp] (17689/19771)
Vocabulary: sup
(once / 103 pages)
vn
To sup is to eat slowly, by spoonfuls. When you eat soup, you probably sup it.
You can really only sup soft foods and liquids, like oatmeal and milkshakes and miso soup. A sick person taking gingerly spoons of Jello into his mouth can be said to sup, and so can a hesitant baby eating tiny bites of pureed carrots. Sup essentially means "sip," and its root is the Old English sūpan, "to sip or swallow."
WORD FAMILY
sup: supped, supper, supping, sups+/supper: supperless, suppers/supping: suppings
USAGE EXAMPLES
The last attempt to cross the Atlantic on a stand-up paddleboard, or SUP, did not end well.
New York Times(Dec 07, 2016)
On the table rested a lone coffee mug, left by mistake, with a logo—National Sarcasm Society: Like We Need Your Support.
Slate(Dec 06, 2016)
Seated at an exquisite marble-inlay table just steps from an enticing fireplace, they sip and sup to the picturesque goings-on of glistening Rich Passage.
Seattle Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: vt. 小口地喝; 用汤匙喝; 抿（汤、茶等）; <美，口>喝（酒）
vi. <古>吃晚饭
n. 一小口（饮料）
时态：supped, supping, sups
分布：啜(37%)，小口地喝(36%)，一小口(18%)，供给晚饭(9%)
→来自古英语 supan,喝，吸，品尝，来自 Proto-Germanic*supanan,喝，吸，来自 sub,来自 seue,汁液，液体，词源同 sip,sop,soup.常用于形容小口喝，吸，啜，抿等。sup 吃晚饭
[sʌp] (-pp-) mainly UK
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition transitive
■to drink or to eat 喝；吃
• Northern English He spends most of his evenings in the pub, supping beer. 大多数晚上，他都在酒吧喝啤酒。
• old-fashioned They supped on/off cold meat. 他们吃冷肉。
vt. 招待…吃晚饭；呷，啜
 - sip
vi. 啜饮；吃晚饭
 - to have dinner, eat dinner
n. 一口，少量
 - morsel, mouthful

Word: sunbeam
Front: sunbeam
[ˈsʌnbi:m] (25774/23915)
Back: n. 阳光光束，快乐的人
分布：日光(100%)
['sʌn.bi:m] UK (US sunray)
noun countable
■a beam of light from the sun that you can see 一束阳光，一道日光
n. 阳光，日光；快乐的人
 - sunshine, sunlight

Word: tallahassee

Word: superposition
Front: superposition
[ˌsju:pəpə'zɪʃn] (29303/30912)
Back: n. 重叠，重合，叠合; 叠加; 叠置; 叠覆
分布：重合(42%)，重叠(36%)，叠合(22%)
n. [数] 叠加，重合
 - push-down, doublication

Word: subdivision
Front: subdivision
[ˌsʌbdɪˈvɪʒn] (托 8198/12883)
Back: n. 细分，一部; 分支
分布：细分(92%)，分部(7%)，再分的部分(1%)
→subdivide,再分，-s,过去分词格，-ion,名词后缀。
noun
countable or uncountable
■any of the parts into which something is divided, or the act of creating these 分支；分部；细分部分；再分，细分
• Each category has several subdivisions. 每一个种类又有几个分支。
• They agreed that subdivision of the house into apartments would be a good idea. 他们都认为将整幢房子分成几个房间是个好主意。
countable US for * housing estate
n. 细分；分部；供出卖而分成的小块土地
 - branch, subsection

Word: tenable
Front: tenable
[ˈtenəbl] (六雅宝 26987/18890)
Vocabulary: tenable
(once / 2400 pages)
adj
If your teacher says your position on the benefits of abolishing homework is not tenable, she means it is not based in fact. To be tenable is to be evidence-based and well-founded.
Tenable comes from the Latin root tenir which means "to hold," as in "hold together." If your plan is tenable, it will probably hold together when you execute it, or hold up to scrutiny. It's good to note that the opposite of tenable is untenable and not intenable, though throughout history both have been used.
WORD FAMILY
tenable: tenability, tenableness, tenably, untenable +/ untenable: untenably
USAGE EXAMPLES
“We could be far more aggressive now than we could if we were public,” said Steve Vintz, Tenable’s chief financial officer.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 15, 2016)
Trump’s 2015 iteration – that the free enterprise system could also have saved the car industry – was simply not tenable, according to experts.
Washington Post(Oct 18, 2016)
For better or worse, that is no longer a tenable position.
Slate(Oct 19, 2016)
Back: adj. 守得住的; 可防守的; 站得住脚的; 合理的
分布：站得住脚的(75%)，无懈可击的(25%)
→ten-,持有，握住，-able,形容词后缀。
可守住的(ten+able→能拿住的)[tain,ten,tin=hold表示"拿住"]
【记】ten拿住，able－能拿住理由的－站得住脚的
【反】unjustified（adj 未被证明正确的）；unsound（adj 不健全的）；specious（adj 似是而非的）；indefensible（adj 不能防卫的）；fallacious（adj 谬误的）
formal
adjective
■(of an opinion or position) able to be defended successfully or held for a particular period of time （观点）站得住脚的；（职位）可保持一段时间的
• His theory is no longer tenable in light of the recent discoveries. 根据最新的发现，他的理论已经站不住脚了。
• The university fellowship is tenable for (= lasts for) three years. 该大学的董事职位任期为三年。
adj. （主张等）站得住脚的；可维持的
 - maintainable

Word: tinderbox
Front: tinderbox
[ˈtɪndəbɒks] (30876/-)
Back: n. 火绒箱，易燃物，潜伏着暴乱或战争危险的人
分布：火绒箱(56%)，易燃物(28%)，容易生气的人(16%)
US [-dɚ.bɑ:ks] noun countable
■a dangerous and uncontrolled situation in which violence is likely to happen （可能发生暴乱的）危险局势
• The racial tension in the area makes it a tinderbox ready to ignite. 这个地区的种族紧张局势一触即发。
n. 易燃物；火绒箱；容易生气的人；潜伏着暴乱或战争危险的人
 - flammable

Word: tingle
Front: tingle
[ˈtɪŋgl] (托 14576/16130 -1)
Back: vi. 感到刺痛; 引起刺痛; （耳朵等）鸣响
vt. 使…感到刺痛
n. 刺痛; 激动; 鸣响
时态：tingled, tingling, tingles
分布：激动(56%)，刺痛(44%)
verb intransitive
■to have a feeling as if a lot of sharp points are being put quickly and lightly into your body 感到刺痛
• My toes and fingers are tingling with the cold. 我的脚趾和手指冻得刺痛。
• There's a line in that poem that makes my spine tingle every time I read it. 每当我读起那首诗，里面有一行诗句总是令我感到激动不已。
■When you tingle with an emotion, such as excitement or fear, you feel it very strongly 强烈地感到（激动或恐惧）
• She tingled with fear as she entered the dark alleyway. 她走进那黑暗的小巷时，感到一阵阵恐惧。
['tɪŋ.gl] noun countable
■a feeling as if a lot of sharp points are being put quickly and lightly into your body 感到刺痛
• There's a slight tingle in my wrists. 我的手腕感到微微刺痛。
• She stroked his head, sending tingles down his spine. 她抚摸着他的头，令他感到无比激动。
vi. 感到刺痛；（耳朵等）鸣响
 - chime
vt. 刺痛；使激动
 - heat, cut
n. 刺痛感；激动；鸣响
 - warmth, excitation

Word: tic
Front: tic
[tɪk] (15211/24101)
Back: n. （尤指面部或头部肌肉的）抽搐，痉挛
分布：痉挛(48%)，口头禅(26%)，抽筋(26%)
noun countable
■a sudden and uncontrolled small movement, especially of the face, especially because of a nervous illness （尤指因神经疾病导致的面部）抽搐
n. [内科] 抽搐；痉挛；技术情报中心
 - fit, spasm

Word: triumphalist
Front: triumphalist
[traɪ'ʌmfəlɪst] (34227/36615)
Back: n. 必胜信念者，必胜主义者
分布：必胜信念者(60%)，必胜主义者(40%)

Word: ting
Front: ting
[tɪŋ] (21626/36377)
Back: n. 铃的响声，丁丁声
v. （使）发丁丁声
时态：tinged, tinging, tings
分布：叮叮声(51%)，铃的响声(33%)，发出叮叮声(16%)
adverb noun countable
■(with) a clear high ringing sound 叮当作响地；叮当声
• The bell on the hotel receptionist's desk went ting when I pressed it. 我一按下旅馆前台的铃，它就叮当响了起来。
n. 叮叮声；铃的响声
 - tinkling

Word: uninvited
Front: uninvited
[ˌʌnɪnˈvaɪtɪd] (18978/21705)
Back: adj. 未经要求的，未获邀请的，不速而至的
分布：未被邀请的(53%)，未经请求的(47%)
ADJ
未经邀请的；不请自到的；未经要求的
If someone does something or goes somewhere uninvited, they do it or go there without being asked, often when their action or presence is not wanted.
例：He came uninvited to one of Stein's parties.在斯坦举办的一个聚会上他不请自到。
例：...a hundred invited guests and many more who were uninvited.100个受邀嘉宾和更多没被邀请的客人
adj. 未被邀请的；未经请求的
 - unsolicited

Word: unionise

Word: unedifying
Front: unedifying
[ʌnˈedɪfaɪɪŋ] (-/46202)
Back: adj. 无启发性的，无益于教化的，（道德上）令人厌恶的
分布：无启发性的(100%)
formal
adjective
■unpleasant and causing people to feel no respect 令人不快的；丢脸的
• We were treated to the unedifying spectacle of two cabinet ministers fighting over a seat. 我们有幸看到两位内阁大臣为一个席位大打出手的丢脸场面。
adj. 不光彩的；令人厌恶的；无启发性的；无益于教化的
 - ugly, ignoble

Word: trotsky

Word: unfathomable
Front: unfathomable
[ʌnˈfæðəməbl] (18629/23619)
Vocabulary: unfathomable
(once / 3089 pages)
adj
Unfathomable means impossible to ever understand. For most people, the field of quantum mechanics is unfathomable.
Fathoms are seafaring units of measure equaling about six feet. So something that is unfathomable is also immeasurable, especially when it comes to depth. If your sonar isn't bouncing anything back to you, you're dealing with an unfathomable distance. Metaphorically, unfathomable can refer to something that resembles an abyss, some figurative notion that's so deep you can't even measure it.
WORD FAMILY
unfathomable: unfathomably+/ fathom: fathomable, fathomed, fathoming, fathoms/fathomable: unfathomable /fathomed: unfathomed
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The number seemed pretty unfathomable before it happened — even when it was at 11,” said Gomez.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Such a poignant last sentiment was once unfathomable.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
They wrote that his case was a “textbook example of adolescent impulsivity leading to unintended, unexpected, and, for Mr. Smallwood, previously unfathomable consequences.”
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 深得无法到达底部的; 高深莫测的，难以了解的; 不测; 叵测
分布：莫测高深的(44%)，难以了解的(42%)，深得无法到达底部的(14%)
slightly formal
adjective
■impossible to understand 无法理解的；难以理解的
• For some unfathomable reason they built the toilet next to the kitchen. 不知道为甚么，他们把洗手间建在厨房隔壁。
adj. 深不可测的；无底的；莫测高深的
 - bottomless, fathomless

Word: verbiage
Front: verbiage
[ˈvɜ:biɪdʒ] (宝 28796/34203)
Vocabulary: verbiage
(once / 11543 pages)
n
Verbiage is what it sounds like — a lot of words: verbs, nouns, adjectives and all the other parts of speech. Usually, verbiage means a few too many words — like the excessive verbiage in a legal document.
Verbiage comes from the 18th-century French verbier, meaning "to chatter." Verbiage can mean just the words being used to communicate, or a bunch of empty words used to obscure communication. Someone long-winded might receive a sarcastic "compliment" about his verbiage, while another speaker might receive genuine applause for intelligent verbiage, or choice of words.
WORD FAMILY
verbiage
USAGE EXAMPLES
The black characters are near-racist caricatures puking up demented Marxist-Leninist verbiage while eating fried chicken and cradling machine guns.
The Guardian(Nov 23, 2016)
I’ve just got to get the terminology and verbiage together,” Davis said.
Washington Times(Oct 26, 2016)
“We will destroy you!” she barks at the feds, once again adopting “war on terror” verbiage — not a promising route to success.
New York Times(Aug 24, 2016)
Back: n. <贬>冗词; 赘语; 用语; 措词
分布：冗长(48%)，废话(38%)，措辞(14%)
→来自verb,言语。
亢词,赘语(verb+lage状态→词的状态→亢词)[verb=word,表示"词语"]
冗词,赘语(verb词语)[-age名词反缀1.表示"状态,总称"2.表示"场所,物品"3.表示"费用"]
US ['vɝ:-] formal disapproving
noun uncountable
■language which is very complicated and which contains a lot of unnecessary words 冗词，废话，赘语
• His explanation was wrapped up in so much technical verbiage that I simply couldn't understand it. 他的解释充斥着太多晦涩累赘的专业术语，我根本就听不懂。
n. 冗词；废话；措辞方式
 - bushwa, rubbish

Word: wingspan
Front: wingspan
[ˈwɪŋspæn] (托 22839/37019)
Back: n. 翼展，翼幅
分布：翼展(81%)，翼幅(19%)
→wing,翼,span,展开。
noun countable
■the distance between the ends of the wings of a bird, insect or aircraft （鸟类、昆虫或飞机等的）翼展

Word: valedictory
Front: valedictory
[ˌvælɪˈdɪktəri] (宝 31841/35611)
Vocabulary: valedictory
(once / 12588 pages)
nadj
A valedictory is a speech expressing farewell, as at a school graduation. The adjective valedictory relates to saying good-bye, but almost always refers to a speech or address.
Many people think of a valedictory address as the graduation speech given by the kid who got the highest grades in school — and often it is — but valedictory words don't have to have anything to do with schools or grades or throwing your cap in the air. They're all about taking one's leave or saying farewell, whether it's the president leaving office or a worker reaching retirement or a friend at a going-away party.
WORD FAMILY
valedictory: valedictories, valedictorily
USAGE EXAMPLES
Obama also plans a major valedictory speech in Chicago, his hometown, shortly before his presidency ends.
Seattle Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Yet on his valedictory tour abroad just nine weeks later, he lectures anyone who will listen on the sins of parochialism.
Washington Post(Nov 24, 2016)
On the fleet heels of her stirring all-female versions of “Julius Caesar” and “Henry IV” comes this interpretation of Shakespeare’s valedictory romance.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adj. （尤在正式场合）告别的，告辞的
n. 告别演说，告别辞; 〈美〉毕业生代表的告别辞
分布：告别的(50%)，告别词(30%)，告别演说(20%)
→来自valediction,告别演说。
US [-tɚ-] formal
adjective
■relating to saying goodbye, especially formally （尤指正式）告别的
• a valedictory speech 告别辞
adj. 告别的
 - farewell

Word: veneto

Word: virginity
Front: virginity
[vəˈdʒɪnəti] (14668/15581)
Vocabulary: virginity
(once / 4396 pages)
n
Virginity is the condition of never having had sex.
Someone who has never had sex is a virgin. The name for this condition is virginity, and it is usually discussed as something that is lost. As soon as someone has sex, they've lost their virginity. Virginity is one of those things that, once lost, can't be regained.
WORD FAMILY
virginity: virginities+/ virgin: virginal, virginity, virginly, virgins/virginal: virginally, virginals
USAGE EXAMPLES
But I’m more interested in the works that exist on the opposite side of the spectrum exploring the ways twentysomething women approach their own virginity.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
I lost my virginity simply to get it out of the way.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
He visits his brother’s accountant, Olga, who takes him to a bar around the corner from a disco where, years before, he lost his virginity.
The New Yorker(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: n. 处女状态，童贞，贞洁; 贞操
分布：童贞(53%)，处女(45%)，处女性(2%)
N-UNCOUNT
处女状态;童贞
Virginity is the state of never having had sex.
例：She lost her virginity when she was 20.她在20岁时失去了童贞。
n. 童贞；处女；纯洁
 - purity, cherry

Word: walrus
Front: walrus
[ˈwɔ:lrəs] (宝 22942/24354)
Back: n. 海象
分布：海象(100%)
→可能来自古诺斯语。
【记】读：我弱死。跟walrus比起来我弱死了。
US ['wɑ:l-] (plural walruses or walrus)
noun countable
■a mammal which lives in the sea and on beaches in the Arctic. It is similar to a seal but larger, with two tusks and long hairs growing near its mouth. 海象
n. [脊椎] 海象
 - sea elephant, sea-ox

Word: yob
Front: yob
[jɒb] (-/22431)
Back: n. <英俚>游手好闲且令人讨厌的人
→来自boy的逆构俚语词。
US [jɑ:b] (also yobbo UK [jɒb.əʊ] US ['jɑ:.boʊ]) UK informal
noun countable
■a young man who behaves in a very rude, offensive and sometimes violent way 粗鲁的年轻人；小无赖，小流氓
• a gang of loud-mouthed yobs 一帮口吐粗言的不良少年

Word: antler
Front: antler
[ˈæntlə(r)] (12101/20616)
Vocabulary: antler
(once / 3185 pages)
n
An antler is one of a pair of horns that belong to most members of the deer family. An antler is usually curved and has branches.
Antlers come in pairs: there are two antlers coming out of a deer’s head. Antlers are branched like a tree limb, and some are very long and large. The elk is an animal with impressive antlers. Antlers look intimidating and can be used as a weapon by the deer when head-butting. Only the males have antlers in most species.
WORD FAMILY
antler: antler-like, antlers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Antlers cut while still in velvet are the most valuable.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
You are getting the rice cakes because they are impaled on the antlers of a bronze deer.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Madrid issued the medical reports on Thursday, 11 days after the team defeated Japanese side Kashima Antlers 4-2 in added time in the tournament final.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. 鹿角; 角枝
分布：鹿角(71%)，茸角(29%)
→词源不详。
US [-lɚ] noun countable
■a horn with parts like branches which grows on the head of a usually male deer 鹿角
• a pair of antlers 一对鹿角
n. [脊椎] 鹿角， [中医] 茸角；多叉鹿角
 - buckhorn, deerhorn

Word: yeah
Front: yeah
[jeə] (429/103 -K)
Vocabulary: yeah
(once / 1215 pages)
adv
Yeah is a casual form of yes. When you’re hanging out with someone you really look up to and they ask you if you want to go to a party, play it cool by saying “Yeah, sure,” instead of “Yes! I’d love to!”
You would almost never write “yeah” unless you were trying to mimic the sound of talking. If someone says, "Yeah, right," they’re not casually telling you you’re right. They’re ironically saying “Not likely.” And if someone interrupts you while you’re talking and says “Yeah, yeah, yeah,” it means, “I already know that—–get on with it!.”
WORD FAMILY
yeah: yeahs
USAGE EXAMPLES
When I was in London recently, I raised it with one of the ministers, and they said: 'Yeah, it's amazing.
BBC(Jan 02, 2017)
“Yeah, they look just like the team that won nine games this year for us,” he said.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Yeah, that was touching… And actually, I do agree.
BBC(Jan 02, 2017)
Back: adv. ( yes的俗音); （用于表示对后说的话不相信）; （用于作出回应）哦; 是
(also yeh) [jeə] informal
adverb
 ESSENTIAL
■yes 是的；没错
• "Do you like your job?" "Yeah, it's all right I suppose." “你喜欢自己的工作吗？”“是的，我觉得还不错。”
• "Will you drive?" "Yeah, sure." “你来开车好吗？”“是的，当然。”
(also yeh) [jeə] informal
adverb
Yeah, right! (also Oh yeah.) (also yeah, yeah)
■used when you do not believe what someone has said （用于当不相信某人所说时）
• "I always miss you when I go travelling." "Yeah, right!" “我旅行时一直很想念你。”“哦，当真？”
• "Anyway, we're just good friends." "Yeah, yeah!" “无论如何，我们只是好朋友。”“哦，真的？”
• "I can run faster than you any day!" "Oh yeah?" “我任何时候都比你跑得快！”“哦，是吗？”
adv. 是
 - yes, yep, yeh

Word: adoration
Front: adoration
[ˌædəˈreɪʃn] (16233/19074)
Vocabulary: adoration
(once / 1154 pages)
n
Adoration is a feeling of deep love. Some people may say animals don't have emotions, but you know from the adoration in your dog's eyes that it's just not true.
The noun adoration comes from the Latin word adorationem, which means "worship," particularly in a religious way. Adoration is still used today in a religious context, in phrases like "the adoration of God." If you adore or deeply love someone, you can describe that feeling as adoration. It's the kind of feeling Romeo had for Juliet, devoted fans have for a pop star, and you have for your beloved cat.
WORD FAMILY
adoration: adorations+/ adorable: adorability, adorableness, adorabler, adorably/ adore: adorable, adoration, adored, adorer, adores, adoring/adorer: adorers/adoring: adoringly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The role won her the adoration of legions of fans, both male and female, who admired the beautiful and independent rebellion fighter she played.
Time(Dec 27, 2016)
That is the setting of Leonardo da Vinci’s Adoration of the Magi and many more depictions of the infancy of Christ.
The Guardian(Dec 23, 2016)
Even in the face of national adoration, true heroes never think of themselves as such.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 崇拜，爱慕，受崇拜（或爱慕）的对象
分布：崇拜(79%)，爱慕(21%)
noun uncountable
■very strong love or worship for someone 爱慕；热爱；倾慕
• her complete adoration of her brother 她对弟弟完全的宠爱
• The painting depicts the three wise men kneeling in adoration of the baby Jesus. 这幅画描绘了三智者跪拜圣婴耶稣的场景。
n. 崇拜；爱慕
 - worship, praise

Word: wisp
Front: wisp
[wɪsp] (13203/20973 -1)
Vocabulary: wisp
(once / 2327 pages)
1n 2n
A wisp is a thin bit or thread of something. Even after you put out a campfire, there may be little wisps of smoke in the air above it.
Tiny pieces of hair escaping your ponytail are wisps, and tufts of clouds or fog are also wisps. A more figurative kind of wisp, like a wisp of memory or sadness, is just the barest snippet of emotion. A wisp of a child is a tiny girl or boy, and a wisp of hay is used to dry a horse — this is actually the original, 14th century meaning of wisp, related to the Swedish visp, "bundle of hay."
WORD FAMILY
wisp: wisplike, wisps, wispy +/ wispy: wispier, wispiest, wispily
USAGE EXAMPLES
Another left Cambridge, Mass., following a wisp of a clue about where Skip James might be.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Radiant wisps dart through the air; clouds of light and color accompany curses and charms.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
A live video feed on the website of the Wisp Resort in McHenry shows snow covering the landscape.
Washington Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 小捆; 小束; 小缕
vt. 把…卷成小把
vi. 一缕缕地飘动
分布：一缕(60%)，小束(16%)，扎成束(8%)，瘦小的人(8%)，一缕缕地飘动(8%)
→可能来自weis,弯，转，缠绕，来自wei的扩大形式，词源同wire,wine.用来指小捆，小束干草等。
noun countable
wisp of cloud/smoke/steam
■a small, thin line of cloud/smoke/steam 一缕云／烟／蒸汽
• A blue wisp of cigarette smoke curled in the air. 香烟冒出的一缕青烟在空中缭绕。
wisp of hair/grass, etc.
■a thin, delicate piece of hair/grass, etc 一绺头发／一小束青草等
• A few wisps of hay still clung to her skirt. 她的裙子上仍然粘着几根干草。
• soft wisps of baby hair 几绺柔软的婴儿头发
n. 小捆；小束
 - packet, fasciculus

Word: wonky
Front: wonky
[ˈwɒŋki] (34690/34136)
Vocabulary: wonky
(once / 56824 pages)
adj
Things that are wonky are a little bit crooked or wobbly — a table that isn't balanced right, a nose that's a bit out of place. Something that’s wonky isn’t necessarily broken; it’s just slightly “off.”
Wonky can also describe something that isn't working correctly, such as an old TV set that shows only one channel, or maybe even your brain after you’ve just pulled an all-nighter. Important: Don't confuse wonky with wonk. A wonk is an extremely studious person, and usually wonks are very far from being wonky (except perhaps in terms of their social skills).
WORD FAMILY
wonky: wonkiest
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was a damp cardboard box on which I’d drawn a wonky face in Biro.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
But the fit was a bit off: Its flow was wonky; “privacy” was merely an appealing notion; and nothing even whispered, “Welcome.”
Seattle Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Perhaps the most infamous case in recent history is Michael Kidd-Gilchrest, whose shot was only a bit wonky when he arrived at Kentucky.
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: adj. 动摇的; 虚弱的; 摇晃的; 靠不住的
分布：靠不住的(47%)，动摇的(25%)，不稳的(20%)，错误的(8%)
→校园俚语，可能来自wank,手淫，引申义肾虚，摇晃。
US ['wɑ:ŋ-] adjective UK informal
■shaky, weak or unsatisfactory 摇晃的；虚弱的；令人不满意的
• One of the legs on this chair is a bit wonky. 这把椅子的一条腿有点晃。
• He may have to stop playing cricket because of his wonky knee. 因为膝盖不太好，他可要得告别板球了。
• The jury system may be a bit wonky but nobody's ever thought of anything better. 陪审制度可能不太令人满意，但是没人能想出更好的体系来。
■informal
■not straight or level 不直的；不平的
• wonky teeth 参差不齐的牙齿
• a wonky picture 挂歪了的画
• I don't enjoy those programmes with wonky camera angles and pop music. 我不喜欢那些用斜镜头拍摄、用流行音乐伴奏的节目。
adj. 靠不住的；摇晃的，动摇的
 - uncertain, untrustworthy

Word: aperture
Front: aperture
[ˈæpətʃə(r)] (托宝 12567/15655 -1)
Vocabulary: aperture
(once / 1356 pages)
n
An aperture is an opening, usually a small one. “If you can thread the silk through that aperture and pull it out the other side, we can knot it and create a loop.”
The most common place you’ll find aperture is when you’re talking about cameras or photography. In that case, an aperture refers specifically to the hole or opening in the lens that lets light through, which you can adjust (with the f-stop) to let in more or less light, resulting in a shallow or deep range of focus. A large aperture means only one tiny point of the photo will be in sharp focus, a small aperture means that much of the background as well as the foreground will be in focus.
WORD FAMILY
aperture: apertures
USAGE EXAMPLES
“It’s all about Italian Vogue,” Madonna said in an interview with Aperture magazine in 1999.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Mr. Couzinet-Jacques has tried to import that magic for “Eden,” a new exhibition at the Aperture Foundation in New York that runs through Jan. 19.
New York Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Supreme Court justices, has set a narrowing lame duck aperture for any possible action to honor these two.
Time(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: n. 孔，洞; （照相机，望远镜等的）光圈; 孔径; 隙缝
分布：孔(51%)，孔径(34%)，光圈(13%)，缝隙(2%)
→来自词根aper, 开口。
开口,孔[aper=open(开)]
【记】a一辆，per读：破，ture读：车。一辆破车，因为裂缝了。
US [-ɚ.tʃɚ] noun countable
■a small and often narrow opening, especially one that allows light into a camera 小孔；缝隙；（尤指照相机的）孔径，光圈
n. 孔，穴；（照相机，望远镜等的）光圈，孔径；缝隙
 - hole, foramen

Word: atomise

Word: banality
Front: banality
[bəˈnæləti] (20303/20540)
Vocabulary: banality
(once / 11182 pages)
n
A banality is a trite, boring, or overused remark. That includes clichés like "life is short" and your basic small talk about the weather.
Banalities are sayings that almost everyone uses, and because they're so well-known, they've lost all their power. These expressions are clichéd and many people find them annoying. "When life hands you lemons, make lemonade" is one good example. When you're writing or speaking, you're much better off trying to find fresh language because one tends to hear the same old banalities again and again.
WORD FAMILY
banality: banalities+/ banal: banality, banally
USAGE EXAMPLES
Where are your banalities about the game now, old man?
Golf Digest(Dec 11, 2016)
The feed, like most C-SPAN feeds, is a banality bomb thrown in the face of the historic.
Slate(Dec 08, 2016)
The dialogue is nearly comic in its banality:
The New Yorker(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 平常，乏味
分布：平凡(55%)，陈腐(36%)，陈腐之物(9%)
【反】original expression（有创意的表达）；freshness（n 新鲜）
n. 平凡；陈腐；陈词滥调
 - ordinariness, trivialness

Word: aphrodisiac
Front: aphrodisiac
[ˌæfrəˈdɪziæk] (23447/23400)
Vocabulary: aphrodisiac
(once / 23221 pages)
nadj
An aphrodisiac is a drug (or something else) that puts people in the mood for sex.
Anything described as aphrodisiac gets folks ready for sex. In some cases, that could be a drug. Other people find candles, music, or even dimming the lights to be aphrodisiacs. Food is considered a major aphrodisiac by many people, and there are several foods like oysters and chocolate that are thought to have an aphrodisiac effect. When you see aphrodisiac, think sexual.
WORD FAMILY
aphrodisiac: aphrodisiacal, aphrodisiacs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Everyone feels the aphrodisiac charge of power; this is newsmagazines’ heyday, the era when a Time magazine cover could rhetorically kill God.
New York Times(Oct 27, 2016)
If there's room left they add rhino horns in their insane belief in its aphrodisiac properties.
New York Times(Oct 25, 2016)
Chapter 10, entitled “The ‘I Eat GALA’”, is devoted to aphrodisiacs.
The Guardian(Oct 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 引起性欲的
n. 壮阳剂，春药
分布：春药(94%)，引起性欲的(6%)
→来自希腊爱神Aphrodite名，同罗马爱神Venus。
US [-'di:.ʒæk] noun countable
■something, usually a drug or food, which is believed to cause sexual desire in people 催情剂，春药；激发性欲的药品（或食物）
• Are oysters really an aphrodisiac? 牡蛎真的能够激发性欲吗？
• They say that power is an aphrodisiac. 有人说权力是一味春药。
UK [ˌæf.rə'dɪz.i.æk] US [-'di:.ʒæk] adjective
■belonging or relating to an aphrodisiac 引起性欲的，催情的
• the aphrodisiac properties of champagne 香槟酒的催欲功效
n. 春药； [药] 催欲剂
 - love-philter, philtre

Word: append
Front: append
[əˈpend] (21575/15216)
Vocabulary: append
(once / 1015 pages)
v
To append means to add on, usually to the end of something. You might want to append a clause onto a contract if you feel something has been left unsaid in it.
You’ve probably seen the word append before, at least as part of another word: appendix. An appendix is a final section appended onto a book that offers additional information or notes. You can also use append to mean to fix onto or to attach usually at the end. Sometimes you can change the meaning of a word by removing the suffix and appending another to it. You'd best not append your presentation with the remark that you actually don't know what you are talking about.
WORD FAMILY
append: appendage, appendant, appended, appending, appends+/ appendage: appendages
USAGE EXAMPLES
And to them are appended new difficulties that he never foresaw.
Economist(Dec 20, 2016)
He appended to it 930 pages of wide-ranging and microscopically obsessive commentary.
Slate(Dec 20, 2016)
China’s air force was once an afterthought appended to the nation’s massive army.
Time(Nov 01, 2016)
Back: vt. 附加; 添加; 贴上; 签（名）
时态：appended, appending, appends
分布：附加(72%)，添加(28%)
→前缀ap-同ad-. 词根pend, 悬挂，见pendulum, 钟摆。
悬挂,附上(ap加强动作+pend→挂上去→悬挂)[pend,pens=hang,表示"悬挂"]
[ə'pend] formal
verb transitive
■to add something to the end of a piece of writing （在文章后）附加，增补
• The author appends a short footnote to the text explaining the point. 作者在正文后加了一个简短的注脚说明这一问题。
append, affiliate, attach, link
这组词都有“附加”的意思，其区别是：
append: v.增加，附加(与attach的意思比较接近)。
 • The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.   律师在合同后又附加了两页。
affiliate: v.加入，成为……一部分。
 • an affiliated middle school   一所附属中学
attach: v.将某物系在、贴在、附在另一物上。
 • I attached a note to my report with a paper clip.   我用别针将一张字条别在报告的后面。
link: v.将人或物连接起来。
 • The crowd linked arms to form a barrier.   群众臂挽着臂组成人墙。
complement, append, supplement
这组词都有“补充”的意思，其区别是：
complement: n.补充，补充物，主要指补充不足使之完美。
 • Rice makes an excellent complement to a curry dish.   有咖喱的菜配米饭最棒。
append: n.附加，添上或补充某事物(尤指文字)。
 • The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.   律师在合同后又附加了两页。
supplement: n.增补，补充，补贴，主要指另外补加，增补。
 • One year after we made our report, we had to add a supplement to cover new events.   我们在报告完成一年之后，必须增补一个包含新事件的附加部分。
vt. 附加；贴上；盖章
 - attach, annex

Word: asymmetrical
Front: asymmetrical
[ˌeɪsɪ'metrɪkl] (托 16182/21530)
Vocabulary: asymmetrical
(once / 31186 pages)
adj
Something asymmetrical has two sides that don't match — it's uneven or out of whack.
If you know that symmetrical means that both sides of something are identical, then it should be easy to learn that asymmetrical means the opposite: the two sides are different in some way. Asymmetrical things are irregular and crooked, and don't match up perfectly when folded in half. Drawing something perfectly symmetrical is pretty hard, so most of your creations are probably asymmetrical.
WORD FAMILY
asymmetrical: asymmetrically+/ asymmetry: asymmetric, asymmetrical, asymmetries
USAGE EXAMPLES
Cyberspace, wrote Gen. Gerasimov, “opens wide asymmetrical possibilities for reducing the fighting potential of the enemy.”
Wall Street Journal(Dec 30, 2016)
Asymmetrical, often inefficient markets often prevail when price discrimination is effective.
New York Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Take an asymmetrical blunt object such as a pipe sawed in half lengthwise and place it rounded side up in flowing air.
Science Magazine(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 不均匀的，不对称的; 非对等
分布：不对称的(87%)，不均匀的(13%)
ADJ-GRADED
不对称的
Something that is asymmetrical has two sides or halves that are different in shape, size, or style.
例：...asymmetrical shapes.不对称形状
adj. [数] 非对称的（等于asymmetric）；不均匀的；不匀称的
 - uneven, unsymmetrical

Word: begrudge
Front: begrudge
[bɪˈgrʌdʒ] (托宝 20345/21424)
Vocabulary: begrudge
(once / 6087 pages)
v
To begrudge someone for something is to wish them ill for it or to envy them. Try not to begrudge his getting the promotion over you — he's been at the company longer.
An understudy might begrudge the lead her role and even go so far as to put glass in her shoes so she can't perform. An easy way to remember the meaning of this verb is to note the noun grudge lurking inside it. A grudge is ill will that you hold toward someone: to begrudge is to hold that grudge. If you begrudge your friend his happiness because he got the nicer car, your friendship will suffer.
WORD FAMILY
begrudge: begrudged, begrudges, begrudging
USAGE EXAMPLES
Older workers sometimes begrudge being managed by a callow colleague.
Economist(Dec 15, 2016)
Few outside of Tottenham and certain sections of Manchester with long memories would begrudge him.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
His pinball manages to light a lot of stuff up, so it’s hard to begrudge him this sometimes reckless game.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: vt. 嫉妒; 勉强做; 不乐意地付出; 吝惜
时态：begrudged, begrudging, begrudges
分布：嫉妒(45%)，羡慕(36%)，吝啬(19%)
→前缀be-, 强调。grudge, 抱怨，不满，拟声词。
【记】beg乞讨，rudge＝rude粗鲁的。粗鲁的乞讨。有这样一种人，他虽然是乞丐，但是在乞讨的时候昂首挺胸的，还特粗鲁：“哥们，你XX给点儿钱。”你肯定不会心甘情愿的给他，但又不能不给，因为他不象乞讨的，有点儿象抢劫，所以你就舍不得给。
【参】grudge（v 吝啬；怨恨）
verb transitive
■to allow or give unwillingly 吝惜；舍不得给，抱怨
• [+ two objects] I don't begrudge him his freedom. 我并不吝惜给他自由。
• They begrudged every day they had to stay with their father. 他们抱怨每天都不得不和父亲在一起。
• [+ -ing verb] She begrudged paying so much for an ice-cream cone. 她抱怨买个雪糕筒这样贵。
vt. 羡慕，嫉妒；吝惜，舍不得给
 - spare, envy

Word: beagle
Front: beagle
[ˈbi:gl] (20000/25790)
Back: n. 猎兔犬
分布：毕尔格猎犬(100%)
→词源不详。
noun countable
■a dog with short hair, a black, brown and white coat, short legs and long ears 华格尔犬；长耳短毛小猎犬
• Snoopy is the world's most famous beagle. 史诺比是世界上最著名的小猎犬。
n. （一种猎兔用）小猎犬；密探；警官
 - agent provocateur, Irvine

Word: binoculars
Front: binoculars
[bɪˈnɒkjələz] (7607/8157 -1)
Vocabulary: binoculars
(once / 6949 pages)
n
Birdwatchers often use binoculars to get a better look at their feathered friends. When you look through binoculars, far-off things appear much closer.
Binoculars are like a telescope for both eyes at the same time — they make it possible to see distant objects more clearly. Sailors, hikers, tourists, and soldiers all occasionally use binoculars, and so do some audience members at the opera, who use special small binoculars called "opera glasses." The noun comes from an adjective, binocular, which means "having two eyes," or "involving both eyes," from the Latin bini, "two by two" and ocularis, "of the eye."
WORD FAMILY
binoculars
USAGE EXAMPLES
Binoculars are suggested, because Toronto Reservoir is often home to wintering bald eagles.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
SAT Morning treats and guided bird walk for ages 10 and older, binoculars provided, 10 a.m.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Our days were spent waiting and watching with binoculars.
The Guardian(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 双筒望远镜; [光] 双筒镜
分布：双眼望远镜(100%)
→前缀bin-, 二。词根oc, 眼睛，见oculist, 眼科医生。
US [-'nɑ:.kjʊ.lɚz] plural noun
■a pair of tubes with glass at either end that you look through to see things far away 双筒望远镜
• a pair of binoculars 一副双筒望远镜

Word: barbarous
Front: barbarous
[ˈbɑ:bərəs] (宝 24373/20500)
Vocabulary: barbarous
(once / 645 pages)
adj
To be barbarous is to be vicious and cruel or simply uncivilized. Wearing a leopard-pelt skirt and swatting at people with a wooden club is barbarous, and so is eating spaghetti with your hands.
Barbarous can describe a terrible, savage act, like mass murder or torture, but it can also describe people who are uncultured. It sounds better if you say it in a British accent. If a tribe of people who knew nothing about the modern world were discovered, they would be considered barbarous. To many, living without electricity seems barbarous. Barbarous is the opposite of refined and cultured.
WORD FAMILY
barbarous: barbarously, barbarousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
He rejected the voluminous testimony and documentary evidence that his regime has engaged in barbarous acts against its own citizens.
The New Yorker(Nov 01, 2016)
Then-Indiana Sen. Albert Beveridge justified the conflict when he said the U.S. had a duty to civilize “a barbarous race.”
Los Angeles Times(Oct 31, 2016)
It’s hard when you leave your home and you already didn’t have a lot because you were living under an oppressive, barbarous regime.
Time(Oct 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 粗野的; 野蛮的; 残暴的; 粗声粗气的
分布：野蛮的(83%)，粗俗的(17%)
【记】1）barb倒刺，尖刻话，ous多。身上长满鱼钩倒刺并且喜欢严厉批评别人的人。我只能说这种人太野蛮了，太残暴了。2）读：叭叭两个清脆的大嘴巴－残暴的3）爸爸ous多：只有可能有一个亲爸，别的都是后爸，特残暴！
【反】quiesce（v 静默；沉寂）；civilized（adj 文明有礼的）；barbarize（v 野蛮化）－civilize（v 文明化）
US ['bɑ:r.bɚ-] formal
adjective
■describes behaviour that is extremely cruel or unpleasant, or fails to reach acceptable social standards 野蛮的；暴虐的；未开化的；粗野的
• His murder was an outrageous and barbarous act. 谋杀他的野蛮手段骇人听闻。
• How can they forgive such barbarous behaviour ? 他们怎么能够原谅这样的野蛮行为？
brutal, ruthless, savage, fierce, inhuman, barbarous, cruel
这组词都有“残忍的”的意思，其区别是：
brutal: 指极端的残忍，强调无情或缺乏同情心，含不择手段的意味。
ruthless: 与cruel同义。强调为达到目的，对别人的痛苦毫无怜悯之心。
savage: 指缺乏文明人应有的教养，尤指在动怒或冲动时表现出的粗野蛮横，含野蛮意味。
fierce: 指天性凶恶，令人害怕。
inhuman: 着重缺乏同情心、仁爱等人类特有的良好的品质。
barbarous: 专指只有原始或未开化的人才会有的残忍行为。
cruel: 一般用词，指行动或态度的残忍。
adj. 野蛮的；残暴的
 - wild, brutal

Word: cavort
Front: cavort
[kəˈvɔ:t] (宝 19707/22177)
Vocabulary: cavort
(once / 13555 pages)
v
How to cavort, in one easy step: dance around all crazy, jumping on and over anything nearby like you just ate a lot of sugar. Give it a try!
Cavorting requires a good mood, lots of energy, and some running room. Children love to cavort, and so do parents when they win the lottery. The origins of the word are unclear, perhaps coming from the word curvet, meaning “leap gracefully or energetically,” and leaping is a great addition to any cavorting. There are lots of synonyms, so if you ever get tired of cavorting, you could always prance, frolic, lark, rollick, romp, or carouse. The choice is yours.
WORD FAMILY
cavort: cavorted, cavorting, cavorts
USAGE EXAMPLES
Puppies and kitties cavort in front of a “Super Cute Yule Log” to the strains of holiday music in this new special.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Most American voters become uncomfortable when they see an Abbie Hoffman or Michael Moore cavorting in the streets with the country’s politics.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 15, 2016)
He has cavorted, fund-raised and campaigned with them for years, attended their crack-of-dawn donors’ breakfasts and mediated their disputes for the good of the party.
New York Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: vi. 跳跃
时态：cavorted, cavorting, cavorts
分布：骑马腾跃(50%)，嬉闹(50%)
→可能来自ca-, 同com-, 强调。-vort, 来自vault, 拱，跳。
【反】trudge（v 跋涉；吃力走）
US [-'vɔ:rt] verb intransitive
■to jump or move around in a playful way, sometimes noisily, and often in a sexual way 雀跃；嬉戏玩闹；（常指）调情玩乐
• They were spotted cavorting beside the swimming pool. 有人看见他们在游泳池边嬉戏。
vi. 腾跃；欢跃
 - prance

Word: cavern
Front: cavern
[ˈkævən] (托宝 11041/12350 -1)
Vocabulary: cavern
(once / 494 pages)
nv
A cavern is a large cave or a large chamber in a cave. Or, if your bedroom is very dark, your mother might want you to open the blinds and let some light into that cavern.
The word cavern is a late Middle English word that comes from the Latin root cavus, meaning “hollow.” Cavern typically describes a cave, but it can refer to any large enclosed space, especially a space that's dark like a cave. You might sit in a vast cavern when you go to the opera. Cavern can also be used figuratively — you could explore the dark cavern of your mind.
WORD FAMILY
cavern: caverned, caverning, cavernous, caverns+/ cavernous: cavernously
USAGE EXAMPLES
A few years earlier, they were our warm-up band, when we headlined the Cavern in Liverpool.
The Guardian(Dec 23, 2016)
Cut into the walls of one cavern are hundreds of small, rectangular niches where ancient residents once raised pigeons for meat, eggs and ritual sacrifice.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
The Beatles Story also features a recreation of how Liverpool’s Cavern Club looked when the lads firsts started making their wonderful noise.
Washington Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. 大山洞; 凹处
v. 挖空; 置…于山洞中
时态：caverned, caverning, caverns
分布：大洞穴(64%)，挖空(27%)，置于洞穴中(9%)
大洞[cav=hole,表示"洞"]
洞穴(cave洞)[-ern 1.表形容词"…方向的"2.表名词"…场所"]
【记】cave（n 洞）
【参】cavity （n 身体上、牙齿等的洞、腔）
US [-ɚn] noun countable
■a large cave 大洞穴；大山洞
n. [地质] 洞穴；凹处
 - recession, cavity, hole
vt. 挖空；置…于洞穴中
 - hollow out

Word: borehole
Front: borehole
[ˈbɔ:həʊl] (30552/17542)
Back: n. 地上凿洞
分布：钻孔(100%)
US ['bɔ:r.hoʊl] noun countable
■a deep hole made in the ground when looking for oil, gas or water （为寻找石油、天然气或水而钻的）钻井，钻孔
• We must sink a borehole so that people will have water. 为了让大家有水喝，我们必须掘井。
• They obtained information about the rock by drilling boreholes. 他们透过钻孔获得了关于岩石的资料。

Word: bullock
Front: bullock
[ˈbʊlək] (25126/16261)
Back: n. 阉牛，一岁半以下的小公牛
分布：阉牛(50%)，小公牛(50%)
noun countable
■a young male cow that has had its testicles removed 阉牛，阉过的小公牛
n. 小公牛；阉牛
 - stott

Word: chirpy
Front: chirpy
[ˈtʃɜ:pi] (34930/32874)
Back: adj. 嚓嚓叫的，快活的，活泼的
分布：活泼的(49%)，快活的(37%)，啁啾叫的(14%)
US ['tʃɝ:-] adjective
■happy and active 快活的；活泼的；轻松愉快的
• She seemed quite chirpy this morning. 她今天早上好像很开心。
adj. 快活的；活泼的；啁啾叫的
 - alive, lively, activated, sunny

Word: composure
Front: composure
[kəmˈpəʊʒə(r)] (托宝 12757/12402 -1)
Vocabulary: composure
(once / 814 pages)
n
When you stay calm under pressure, you keep your composure. Keeping your composure for a skinned knee? Easy. Keeping your composure during an avalanche? Not so easy.
The word composure is from the related word composed, but don't think of the word in the musical sense. In this case, composed means calm. What's the difference between the two? Well, composed is an adjective, so you simply are composed. Composure, on the other hand, is a noun, so you can lose, keep, regain, or maintain your composure — your ability to stay calm. If you lose your composure, you're freaking out.
WORD FAMILY
composure: composures+/ component: components/ compose: component, composed, composer, composes, composing, composition, compositor, composure, decompose, discompose/ composed: composedly / composer: composers/ composition: compositional, compositions/compositional: compositionally, decompositional/compositor: compositors/decomposable: undecomposable/ decompose: decomposable, decomposed, decomposes, decomposing, decomposition / decomposition: decompositions/discompose: discomposed, discomposes, discomposing, discomposure/discomposed: discomposedly/discomposure: discomposures
USAGE EXAMPLES
And even George Washington, so renowned for his composure, quivered during his address to the Senate after nervously improvising in his first inauguration.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
But this was also a show of composure under pressure from Chelsea’s closest challengers at the top of the Premier League.
The Guardian(Dec 27, 2016)
Yet they defied low expectations based on gender and race with composure.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: n. 镇静，沉着; 头脑镇定或沉着的状态
分布：镇静(60%)，沉着(40%)
→来自compose, 组成，安置，使调和的。
镇静,沉着(com一起+pos+ure→[精神]放到一起→镇静)[pos,posit=put表示"放"]
镇定,沉着(com共同+pos放...精神放到一起)[-ture表名词,通常在单词或词根以t结尾时使用,表示"一般状态,行为"…ature","iture"注:-ture在s结尾的词根后变成-sure]
US [-'poʊ.ʒɚ] noun uncountable
■calmness and control 镇静，沉着，泰然自若
• I didn't want to lose my composure in front of her. 我不想在她面前失态。
n. 镇静；沉着
 - sedation, calmness

Word: chortle
Front: chortle
[ˈtʃɔ:tl] (宝 21740/25557)
Vocabulary: chortle
(once / 11343 pages)
nv
A chortle is a joyful, partly muffled laugh. If you have a toddler, you will recognize the sound of a delighted chortle, sort of louder and a bit more raucous than a giggle.
In 1871, Lewis Carroll, who wrote "Alice in Wonderland," coined the word chortle in the poem "Jabberwocky," about a son who slays a monster and comes back to his relieved and happy father: "'O frabjous day! Callooh! Callay!' He chortled in his joy." Experts consider the word a blend of the words chuckle and snort and the laugh itself is also a cross between the two. You may chortle in glee if you find out your work nemesis just got a new job in another office — out of state.
WORD FAMILY
chortle: chortled, chortles, chortling
USAGE EXAMPLES
Jurors on Friday were shown video of him confessing to F.B.I. agents — calmly, clinically and occasionally chortling.
New York Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Many of those currently chortling away could find their personal circumstances significantly deteriorate as a result of decisions taken by the politicians they support.
The Guardian(Nov 24, 2016)
His fans make pilgrimages to the tent-lined strip beneath the 110 Freeway near the Coliseum — he calls it “Paradise Lane” — to chortle and take selfies.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: n. 哈哈大笑
时态：chortled, chortling, chortles
分布：咯咯地笑(50%)，咯咯的笑(50%)
→来自chuckle和snort的合成词。
【源】chortle源于chuckle（n 吃吃的笑声）
【记】cho臭，le乐：当别人放了一个臭P时，你的笑声肯定是哈哈大笑。
US ['tʃɔ:r.tˌl] verb intransitive
■to laugh, showing pleasure and satisfaction, often at someone else's bad luck （常指幸灾乐祸地）哈哈大笑，咯咯地笑
• She chortled with glee at the news. 听到这个消息她高兴得哈哈大笑。

Word: coda
Front: coda
[ˈkəʊdə] (宝 20731/26361)
Vocabulary: coda
(once / 16081 pages)
n
A coda is a concluding segment of a piece of music, a dance, or a statement. It's usually short and adds a final embellishment beyond a natural ending point. Like this.
Coda comes from the Italian word couda, and it's good to think of it as a tail tacked onto something that in and of itself is already a whole. If you tell a story about your crazy experience getting lost in the country and sleeping at a farmer's house, you might add, as a coda, that the farmer ended up visiting you too, a year later.
WORD FAMILY
coda: codas
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the Plaza gathering was a personal milestone for me, too, and the coda to a long career reporting on Clinton Inc.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
In “As,” this gritty register also arrives wildly disconnected from the style that preceded the coda.
Slate(Dec 20, 2016)
Its coda, “Praise the Lord and Pass Me My Commission,” caught his commander’s attention.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 乐章结尾部，完结部，终曲
分布：乐章结尾部(100%)
→来自拉丁词cauda, 动物尾巴。
【记】co共同，da打：音乐演的不好，观众就会共同往上扔鸡蛋，所以知趣的乐队就会赶快进入尾声部分。听到了coda，大家都coma昏迷了
【反】prelude（n 序曲）；overture（n 前奏）
US ['koʊ-] noun countable specialized
■a piece of music at the end of a longer piece of music, which is usually separate from the basic structure （乐曲、乐章的）结束乐段，结尾，尾声
• The coda is often more technically difficult than the rest of the piece. 乐章的尾声在演奏技巧上的难度一般比其他部分要高。
■formal
■the final or extra part of a speech, event or piece of writing （演讲、事件、文章的）结尾，尾声，附加部分
• In a coda to the main exhibition are various works which were once attributed to Rembrandt. 作为主展览的附加展览，还展出了许多曾被认为出自林布兰之手的作品。
n. 结尾部分；终结句；尾声；终曲
 - outro, concluding paragraph

Word: chessboard
Front: chessboard
[ˈtʃesbɔ:d] (23620/35214)
Back: n. 棋盘
分布：国际象棋棋盘(100%)
US [-bɔ:rd] noun countable
■a square board divided into 64 smaller squares, half of which are light and half dark in colour, which is used for playing the game of chess or draughts 国际象棋棋盘
n. 棋盘
 - checkerboard

Word: conquistador
Front: conquistador
[kɒnˈkwɪstədɔ:(r)] (21028/37441)
Vocabulary: conquistador
(once / 12820 pages)
n
A conquistador is a person who is out to conquer new territory.
A conquistador was the name given to the Fifteenth-to-Seventeenth century Spanish and Portugese soldiers who conquered much of the world, most famously the Central and Southern Americas. Not nice guys, but effective, and the term is still used today to describe certain people — ruthless business types, etc — who are brutally efficient at what they do. The most famous conquistador was the Spanish adventurer, Hernando Cortes, who subdued the mighty Aztec Empire of Mexico. The word comes, not surprisingly, from the Spanish verb conquistar, "to conquer."
WORD FAMILY
conquistador: conquistadores, conquistadors
USAGE EXAMPLES
One drawing appears to be a conquistador raising a sword and wearing an armored chest plate.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 22, 2016)
And for silliness, there was Procol Harum’s “Conquistador” with the Forces of Nature dancers in bell-bottoms and fringed tops, prancing like some 1960s shindig.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
The addition will prominently feature stories of real life sea raiders through a permanent display called, “Treasure Seekers: Conquistadors, Pirates & Shipwrecks.”
Washington Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: n. 西班牙征服者，征服者
分布：征服者(55%)，西班牙征服者(45%)
→来自西班牙语，词源同conquest,征服。
US [kɑ:n'ki:.stə.dɔ:r] old use
noun countable
■one of the Spanish people who travelled to America in the 16th century and took control of Mexico and Peru （16世纪前往美洲并占领墨西哥和秘鲁的）西班牙征服者
n. 征服者；西班牙征服者
 - vanquisher, enslaver

Word: crease
Front: crease
[kri:s] (雅宝 12719/14754 -1)
Back: n. 皱褶，折缝; 折痕; （皮肤上，尤指脸上的）皱纹; 板球运动（投球手和击球手的）位置线
vt. 使有皱褶，弄皱; 表面被子弹擦伤或击伤
vi. 起皱
时态：creased, creasing, creases
分布：折痕(56%)，起皱(21%)，弄皱(16%)，皱痕(4%)，使某人乐不可支(3%)
→来自crest的拼写变体。
【记】create（v 创造，引起）：create a creasecr哭，ease＝easy：很轻松就哭了，就是老哭，脸上能没有皱纹吗？
【参】grease（n 油脂）
noun
FOLD 折叠
countable
■a line on cloth or paper where it has been folded or crushed （布或纸上的）褶痕，皱褶
• He ironed a crease down the front of each trouser leg. 他在每条裤腿的正面熨出一条褶痕来。
[kri:s] noun
CRICKET 板球
only singular UK specialized
■a line drawn on the ground where the player stands to hit the ball in cricket （板球打击手击球的）区域线，击球线
[kri:s] verb intransitive or transitive
■If cloth, paper, etc. creases, or if you crease it, it gets a line in it where it has been folded or crushed 压皱；（使）起褶皱
• The seatbelt has creased my blouse. 安全带把我的衬衫弄皱了。
• It's a nice dress, but it creases very easily. 这条裙子很漂亮，但很容易起皱。
[kri:s] verb intransitive or transitive
  Phrasal Verbs  crease (sb) up UK informal
■to laugh a lot, or make someone else laugh a lot （使）（某人）大笑
• The look on his face just creased me up. 他脸上的表情真把我笑死了。
n. 折痕；折缝
 - fell, fold
vi. 起皱
 - wrinkle
vt. 弄皱；使起折痕
 - crush, crumple

Word: crockery
Front: crockery
[ˈkrɒkəri] (宝 26562/19829)
Vocabulary: crockery
(once / 3801 pages)
n
Dishes — plates, bowls, and cups — are crockery. If you don't have a dishwasher, you'll have to wash all the crockery from your dinner party by hand.
Crockery most often refers to everyday ceramic tableware, rather than fine, expensive china. You'll set the table with crockery when the occasion is too formal for paper plates but not fancy enough for porcelain. The word crockery arose in the eighteenth century from the now-obsolete crocker, or "potter," which in turn came from the Old English croc, "pot or vessel."
WORD FAMILY
crockery: crockeries
USAGE EXAMPLES
He nearly died of tetanus a few years ago after getting cut by broken crockery in a customer’s latrine.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
The Potus seal appears on crockery, napkin rings and seatbelts.
The Guardian(Dec 07, 2016)
The crockery was heavy and brown and the air was always thick with fag smoke.
The Guardian(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: n. 陶器; 瓦罐
分布：陶器(77%)，瓦器(23%)
→来自crock, 陶器。
【记】不住！不过中间有个rock岩石，跟粘土差不多，最终做成陶器。
US ['krɑ:.kɚ-] UK old-fashioned
noun uncountable
■cups, plates, bowls, etc., used to serve food and drink, especially made of china 陶器；瓦器 Compare cutlery
n. 陶器；瓦器；土器
 - earthenware, pottery ware

Word: curt
Front: curt
[kɜ:t] (六托宝 18407/16308 -1)
Vocabulary: curt
(once / 932 pages)
adj
I’m sorry to be curt, but let's get right to the point. You should use the adjective curt to describe a way of speaking that’s brief and blunt.
Curt often just means "terse." In fact it comes from the Latin word curtus, which means “cut short, abridged.” But sometimes it has the added sense of being rudely short, like when you’re irritated that someone’s asking a stupid question so you give a brusk, curt response.
WORD FAMILY
curt: curter, curtest, curtly, curtness+/curtness: curtnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Pitching legend Curt Schilling waged a fight against oral cancer not long after retiring from baseball.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
The curt utterances of Donald Trump recall those of the oracle at Delphi, except that its enigmas were clever.
The Guardian(Dec 23, 2016)
Curt Spalding, the office’s regional administrator, said the settlement will help protect New England’s waterways and natural environment.
Washington Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 简短的; 三言两语的; 草率的; 敷衍了事的
分布：简短的； 草率的(100%)
→来自sker, 剪，切，词源同shear, short. 后主要形容人的唐突。
(说话)短而粗暴的[curt=short(短)]
US [kɝ:t] disapproving
adjective
■If someone's manner or speech is curt, it is rude as a result of being very quick （态度或说话）简短失礼的，唐突的，草率的
• to give a curt nod/reply 草草点了点头／三言两语地回答
• The boss was rather curt with him. 老板对他很是粗暴无礼。
concise, succinct, curt, brief
这组词都有“简短的”的意思，其区别是：
concise: a. (文字等的)简要、精练，常含有保留主要部分的意思。
 • His letter was concise, omitting everything not pertinent to the job.   他的信写得简明扼要，省略掉了所有与该项工作无关的部分。
succinct: a.简明的，简洁的，简练的，尤指用词简练，除含有concise的意思外，还有经过压缩的或简化的意思。
 • succinct summary of the argument   论点的概要
curt: a.三言两语的，简短的，常含有"草率"的意思。
 • He asked his boss a question, but got a curt reply , "I have no time for you now!"   他问老板一个问题，但是老板草率的说："我没时间搭理你。"
brief: a.简明扼要的，简短的，指时间短暂，办事利索，态度明了等；有时含有"虽短但却不失全面"的意味。
 • The manager made a brief statement to open the meeting.   经理致了简短的开幕词。
adj. 简略的；简要的；草率的；简单粗暴的
 - brief, compendiary

Word: convivial
Front: convivial
[kənˈvɪviəl] (托宝 26618/20153)
Vocabulary: convivial
(once / 3621 pages)
adj
Use the adjective convivial to describe your friend who is "the life of the party."
The Latin word convivium means "a feast," and when convivial was first coined in the 1660s, its meaning related to the excess of food and drink during such celebrations. You can also see convivial in convivere, meaning "to carouse together." Just when it seemed all convivial could ever do was describe people who overindulge, a new shade of meaning emerged: loving to be around people. After all, a big part of feasting is being with people you care about.
WORD FAMILY
convivial: conviviality, convivially+/conviviality: convivialities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Party food should be friendly, not too fussy, casual and convivial.
The Guardian(Nov 28, 2016)
The crowd of spectators was small and convivial, with local families bringing their children to enjoy the performance.
The Guardian(Nov 25, 2016)
Convivial, with a pixie-like demeanor and soft Southern accent, his gentle manner belies his hard-line positions.
Reuters(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 好交际的; 随和的; 活跃的; 欢乐的
分布：好交际的(60%)，联欢的(20%)，愉快而随和的(20%)
→con-, 强调。-viv, 生命，词源同vivacity, vital.
欢乐的;欢宴的(con共同+viv+ial→共同活跃→欢乐)[vivvitvig=life,表示"生命"]
欢乐的(con共同+viv活+ial)[-ial表形容词"有…的"]
【记】con共同，viv活 －一起活跃起来－欢乐的；狂欢的
【参】vivid（adj 生动的；鲜艳的）；revive（v 使苏醒；使再生效）；
adjective
■friendly and making you feel happy and welcome 友好的；欢乐的，愉悦的
• a convivial atmosphere/host 欢乐的气氛／热情的主人
adj. 欢乐的；欢宴的；酒宴的
 - festive, rollicking

Word: defray
Front: defray
[dɪˈfreɪ] (宝 22079/32925)
Vocabulary: defray
(once / 2631 pages)
v
If your mother says she will defray the cost of your next move, say thank you. She means she will take on some of the expenses for you.
Your school band might hold a bake sale fundraiser to defray the cost of new band uniforms. When they do this, the amount raised will be taken off the total cost of the uniforms so that each individual band member has to pay less. If you live in New York and are invited for a job interview in California, the company may defray the expenses of your plane ticket and hotel, especially if they really want to hire you.
WORD FAMILY
defray: defrayal, defrayed, defraying, defrayment, defrays
USAGE EXAMPLES
He says the money will defray the costs for delegates traveling to the nomination convention.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Under Wyoming’s tax code, the 1 percent fee is intended to “defray the costs of collecting the tax and administrative expenses.”
Washington Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The cost is roughly $265 a week, with scholarships and subsidies from Fairfax County helping to defray the tuition for Homestretch families.
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: vt. <正>支付，付给
时态：defrayed, defraying, defrays
分布：支付(100%)
→来自古法语defrayer, 成本，支付，来自 de-, 向下，支出。frai-, 破碎，花费，词源同break, 原义为破坏和平的罚金。后词义通用化。
【记】de表示一种卑劣的行为，fray读：free：要想卑劣的free一下（想象），不花钱行吗？
formal
verb transitive
■(especially of an organization) to pay the cost of something 尤指组织支付，承担（费用）
• The company will defray all your expenses, including car hire. 公司将承担你的全部费用，包括租车费。
vt. 支出；支付
 - foot, disburse

Word: defeatism
Front: defeatism
[dɪˈfi:ˌtɪzəm] (33011/33965)
Back: n. 失败主义
分布：失败主义(100%)
失败主义(defeat+ism)[fac,fact,fect,fic,fig=make,do,表示"做,制作"]
US [-tˌɪ-] disapproving
noun uncountable
■a way of thinking or behaving that shows that you feel you have no hope and expect to fail 失败主义
• There is a spirit of defeatism among some members of the party. 党内某些人有失败主义情绪。

Word: derogatory
Front: derogatory
[dɪˈrɒgətri] (宝 17206/19106)
Vocabulary: derogatory
(once / 5536 pages)
adj
Something that's derogatory is insulting or disrespectful. If you make derogatory comments, that means you say things that are unflattering, unkind, or demeaning.
Derogatory means about the same as insulting. Derogatory language is meant to hurt, and it usually does. If you feel offended or insulted by what someone says, the person probably said something derogatory. Racial, sexist, and homophobic slurs are all derogatory. Insults that mean someone is stupid or crazy are derogatory. Making a joke about someone's mother is derogatory.
WORD FAMILY
derogatory: derogatorily+/derogate: derogated, derogates, derogating, derogation, derogative, derogatory /derogation: derogations/derogative: derogatively
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Boston forward says he replied to the Twitter user, writing: “This derogatory statement is offensive to so many people around the world.”
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Its origin is unclear, but netizens often use this - sometimes derogatorily - to describe a passive group of bystanders at a major incident or event.
BBC(Dec 26, 2016)
The Oregon City High School students also refer to transgender people in a derogatory way.
Washington Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 贬低的; 贬义的
分布：贬损的(57%)，贬义的(29%)，毁谤的(7%)，侮辱的(7%)
贬低的(derogate+ory)[Rog=ask表示"要求,问"]
US [-'rɑ:.gə.tɔ:r-] adjective
■showing strong disapproval and not showing respect 诋毁的，贬损的，贬低的
• He made some derogatory comment/remark about her appearance. 他对她的相貌贬低了一番。
adj. 贬损的
 - uncomplimentary

Word: deadweight
Front: deadweight
[ˌdedˈweɪt] (36522/27093)
Back: n. 重负，重担
分布：重货(100%)
n. 自重；载重量；重负
 - tax, self-respect

Word: derrick
Front: derrick
[ˈderɪk] (22958/25083)
Vocabulary: derrick
(once / 1901 pages)
n
A derrick is either a crane for lifting material or a framework over an oil well that allows the drilling machinery to be raised and lowered.
A 17th century English hangman named Derrick led to a gallows being called a derrick. From there, a crane with a moveable arm came to be called a derrick because it resembled a gallows. Later, another kind of derrick was created: the kind of framework you can probably picture if you think of an oil well. That derrick allows the drilling tubes to move up and down, and all these types of derricks have a similar, up-and-down purpose.
WORD FAMILY
derrick: derricks
USAGE EXAMPLES
Rookie Derrick Henry, the 2015 Heisman Trophy winner, got the bulk of the workload late with 15 carries for 65 yards and a touchdown.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
That huge tailback wearing a single-digit jersey number for Alabama probably reminds you of Derrick Henry.
Seattle Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Texans linebacker Brian Cushing called Murray one of the best running backs in the league backed up by rookie Derrick Henry.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. 起重机; （油井的）井架
分布：动臂起重机(45%)，进线架(22%)，油井架吊杆(22%)，飞机的起飞塔(11%)
→来自17世纪初期伦敦泰伯恩刑场执行绞刑的刽子手姓氏Derrick，后通用化作为绞刑架的代称，现词义转臂起重机因形似绞刑架而得名。比较guillotine.
['der.ɪk] specialized
noun countable
■a type of crane (= machine with a part like an arm) used for moving things on and off ships （港口装卸货物的）长臂吊车，长臂起重机
■a tower above an oil well which supports the drill (= machine for making a hole in the ground) （钻井）井架，钻塔
n. [机] 起重机，转臂起重机；油井的铁架塔
 - crane, lifting machine

Word: domestication
Front: domestication
[dəˌmestɪ'keɪʃn] (24398/35241)
Back: n. 驯养，驯化
分布：教化(63%)，驯服(37%)
n. [生物] 驯养；教化
 - cultivation, enlightenment

Word: digestible
Front: digestible
[daɪˈdʒestəbl] (29125/23636)
Back: adj. 易消化的; 可摘要的，容易了解的
分布：易消化的(74%)，可吸收的(19%)，较易理解的(7%)
adjective
FOOD 食物
■easy to digest 容易消化的
[daɪ'dʒes.tə.bl] adjective
INFORMATION 资讯
■easy to understand 容易理解的，易懂的

Word: dissimilar
Front: dissimilar
[dɪˈsɪmɪlə(r)] (托 16241/11683)
Vocabulary: dissimilar
(once / 2496 pages)
adj
If your sister has dark skin and dark hair, and you have fair skin and fair hair, people might say that your looks are dissimilar or not alike.
Inside of dissimilar you find similar which means alike. By now, you've probably figured out that dis at the beginning of a word tells you the word means the opposite of whatever comes after. That rule holds here. Dissimilar is the opposite of similar. You've probably heard that you should not use double negatives. Well with dissimilar, it's okay to say something like, "Art is not dissimilar to music in that it is a creative activity. Here, "not dissimilar" means similar.
WORD FAMILY
dissimilar: dissimilarity, dissimilarly+/dissimilarity: dissimilarities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Theresa May finds herself in Number 10 for not dissimilar reasons.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
Despite The Mission’s inclusion on the Holy See’s 45 great films list, its conclusion isn’t that dissimilar to that of Predator.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
But Pence appears determined to try to convince his party that Trump is not all that dissimilar from him — and them.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 不同的，不相似的
分布：不同的(100%)
→dis-, 不，非，使相反。similar, 一致的。
不同的(dis不+similar相同的)[simil,simul,sembl=alike,same表示"相类似,一样"]
US [-lɚ] adjective
■different 不同的，不相似的，有区别的
• The new house is not dissimilar (= is similar) to our old one except that it's a bit bigger. 新房子与我们的旧房子相比并没有甚么不同，只是稍大一些。
adj. 不同的
 - different, diverse, unlike, varying, another

Word: dishearten
Front: dishearten
[dɪsˈhɑ:tn] (宝 18344/33758)
Vocabulary: dishearten
(once / 1595 pages)
v
If someone tells you not to be disheartened, they want you to stay upbeat and positive. Something that brings you down or steals your sense of hope disheartens you.
Uncracking the code of the verb dishearten couldn't be easier. Just take it apart, and it quickly reveals its meaning. Dis- is a prefix that means "not, un-, take away." Heart in its figurative sense means love, care, and good feelings. And the -en at the end shows the word is a verb with the sense of causing something to be. So dishearten means "to cause someone's 'heart' to be taken away." We were disheartened by the news of still more home foreclosures.
WORD FAMILY
dishearten: disheartened, disheartening, disheartenment, disheartens+/ disheartened: disheartenedly/disheartening: dishearteningly/disheartenment: disheartenments/ hearten: dishearten, heartened, heartening, heartens/ heartening: hearteningly
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s an effort that grows more difficult with each disheartening defeat.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
She was grateful for the emotional support, but she, her family and the first responders were disheartened after receiving news from the intensive care unit.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
When you see the state of the country these days, are you disheartened?
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: vt. 使失去勇气，使失去信心
时态：disheartened, disheartening, disheartens
分布：使沮丧(84%)，使泄气(16%)
→dis-, 不，非，使相反。hearten, 鼓励。
【记】dis离开，heart心：使灰心
US [-'hɑ:r.tˌən] verb transitive
■to make a person lose confidence, hope and energy; to discourage 使泄气，使绝望，使沮丧
vt. 使灰心，使沮丧，使气馁
 - disanimate, discourage

Word: driveway
Front: driveway
[ˈdraɪvweɪ] (4769/14706 -1)
Vocabulary: driveway
(once / 3643 pages)
n
A driveway is a small private road in front of a house or garage. If there's no parking allowed on your street, you can tell visiting friends to park their cars in your driveway.
Some driveways are only a few feet long, while others stretch for many yards to houses set far back from the public road. Homeowners are responsible for their driveways, including plowing or shoveling the snow that falls in the driveway during the winter months. You can also call your driveway a drive, and both words emerged in the late 19th century.
WORD FAMILY
driveway: driveways
USAGE EXAMPLES
Driveway and garage owners say enforcement ultimately falls to them.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Hackney was hit while walking in a driveway on the south side of the city.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Huge neon arrows and signs hang from trees in the driveway.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. 马路，汽车道; 马车道
分布：名词(100%)
noun countable
■a drive (ROAD)
n. 车道
 - carriage drive, driftway

Word: etonian

Word: drugstore
Front: drugstore
[ˈdrʌgstɔ:(r)] (9245/47056 -K1)
Back: n. 药房（兼售化妆品等）; 〈美〉杂货店
分布：杂货店(54%)，药房(46%)
US [-stɔ:r] noun countable
 ADVANCED US for
■ chemist (= a shop where you can buy medicines, make-up, sweets, cigarettes, etc.) （兼售化妆品、糖果、香烟等的）药房
n. [药] 药房（常兼售化妆品、杂志等杂货）；（美）杂货店
 - pharmacy, dispensary

Word: ennoble
Front: ennoble
[ɪˈnəʊbl] (宝 25832/33617)
Vocabulary: ennoble
(once / 1876 pages)
v
To ennoble someone is to make them a Lord or a Baroness — to bestow a noble title upon them. The Queen of England has the power to ennoble people, turning Paul McCartney into Sir Paul McCartney, for example.
One way to use the verb ennoble is to mean, literally, "make someone a noble or a member of the nobility." It can also mean "bestow or lend dignity to" or "make dignified." You could say, "Reading great books ennobles the mind," or "Treating others with kindness ennobles a person." Ennoble comes from the Old French ennoblir, from the prefix en-, "put in," and the Latin root nobilis, "excellent, superior, or splendid."
WORD FAMILY
ennoble: ennobled, ennoblement, ennobles, ennobling+/ennobling: ennoblingly/ nobility: nobilities/ noble: ennoble, nobility, nobleness, nobler, nobles, noblest, nobly/nobleness: noblenesses/nobly: noblys
USAGE EXAMPLES
But even some of the president’s critics say his presence ennobled their injuries and made them feel part of a larger plan.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
On Thursday, a government minister referred to Trump as a peer of the realm, before quickly dampening speculation that he could be ennobled.
The Guardian(Nov 17, 2016)
So is ennobled suffering, though he imbues his characters with enough flawed humanity that they come across as people, not icons.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: vt. 封…为贵族，使高贵
时态：ennobled, ennobling, ennobles
分布：授予爵位(44%)，使高贵(28%)，使杰出(14%)，使尊贵(14%)
→en-, 进入，使。noble, 高贵的。
【反】debase（vt 贬低；降低）
US [-'noʊ-] verb transitive
■to make someone a member of the nobility (= highest social rank) 封…为贵族
■literary
■to make something or someone better so that people admire it or them more 使更崇高，使更高尚；使更尊贵
• He has this theory that suffering can ennoble a person's character. 他认为苦难可以使一个人的人格变得高尚。

Word: dozy
Front: dozy
[ˈdəʊzi] (-/24310)
Back: adj. 想睡的; 令人困倦的; 愚笨的; 迟钝的
级别：dozier, doziest
分布：愚蠢的(58%)，困倦的(42%)
US ['doʊ-] adjective informal
■tired and wanting to sleep 又累又困的；昏昏欲睡的
• Drinking a beer at lunchtime makes me feel dozy all afternoon. 午饭时我喝了一杯啤酒，结果整个下午都昏昏欲睡。
■UK informal
■mentally slow and often not noticing what is happening around you 头脑迟钝的，呆头呆脑的
• He'd have driven straight into me if I hadn't seen him first - the dozy idiot! 要不是我先看到他，我一定让他开车撞个正着——这个呆头呆脑的白痴！
adj. 想睡的，困倦的；愚蠢的
 - foolish, stupid

Word: forester
Front: forester
[ˈfɒrɪstə(r)] (18009/10741)
Back: n. 林务员，林务官
分布：林务员(46%)，护林人(29%)，林蛾(25%)
US ['fɔ:r.ɪ.stɚ] noun countable
■a person who is in charge of taking care of a forest 林务员；护林人

Word: exhilaration
Front: exhilaration
[ɪɡˌzɪlə'reɪʃn] (宝 16673/18488)
Vocabulary: exhilaration
(once / 3447 pages)
n
Exhilaration is great joy, and excitement and liveliness! When you ride an ocean wave, hear a favorite song, or have a long and uncontrollable laugh with friends, there's a feeling of exhilaration, an overflow of happiness.
Most people have moments of exhilaration (egg-zill-uh-RAY-shun), sometimes during life's big moments, like a graduation or wedding, and often while just walking down the street and feeling great about the day and being alive. And exhilaration is contagious: when you witness someone else's exhilaration, it usually makes you full of warmth and joyousness too. Some synonyms of exhilaration also sound close to it, like "exultation," "exaltation," and "elation." As they say, it's all good.
WORD FAMILY
exhilaration: exhilarations+/ exhilarate: exhilarated, exhilarates, exhilarating, exhilaration / exhilarating: exhilaratingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The experience left me with the exhilaration of life enhanced.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
Eclipsed only by the exhilaration of marrying my soulmate, the march was one of the greatest days of my life.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
Cooling in air-tight conditions produces a wild array of colors, and there’s exhilaration in unveiling each piece.
Washington Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 愉快的心情，高兴; 豪兴
分布：兴奋(86%)，高兴(14%)
noun uncountable
■excitement and happiness 激动；兴奋；高兴
n. 愉快；令人高兴
 - sunshine, brightness

Word: fiendish
Front: fiendish
[ˈfi:ndɪʃ] (29368/22124)
Vocabulary: fiendish
(once / 2793 pages)
adj
To be fiendish is to be cruel or evil. You might choose not to watch horror films — or soap operas — if you're not a fan of seeing people do fiendish things to each other.
Fiendish behavior is terrible and vicious, and fiendish people behave without kindness or conscience. An informal, less serious way to use the adjective is to mean "complicated or difficult." You might, for example, describe your fiendish calculus exam or rave about the fiendish plot in your favorite book. Fiendish comes from fiend, "evil spirit," with its Old English root feogan, "to hate."
WORD FAMILY
fiendish: fiendishly+/ fiend: fiendish, fiends
USAGE EXAMPLES
On the drink menu, his fiendish nickname applies to a $13 cocktail with herbal liqueur, vermouth and other ingredients.
New York Times(Oct 23, 2016)
It’s almost as if there’s a group of wild-eyed, under-slept goofballs in a lab just off-site, hatching fiendish schemes and doubling over in guffaws.
Washington Post(Aug 30, 2016)
Last summer, pop radio began playing a fiendish earworm about two young men who feared the ordinary demands of adulthood.
The New Yorker(Aug 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 残酷的; 刁钻的; 非常不愉快的; （困难、机敏等）非常的
adv. 残酷地; 凶猛地; 刁钻地
n. 棘手
分布：残忍的(40%)，凶恶的(30%)，恶魔似的(30%)
极凶恶的(fiend魔鬼)[-ish 1.表形容词"像…一样,有的..."通常放在一具体名词后2.表动词"造成…"3.表示"国家的或语言"]
adjective
■evil and cruel 恶魔般的；残忍的
• a fiendish attack 残忍的进攻
■clever and difficult, sometimes in a bad way 巧妙困难的；刁钻的，棘手的
• a fiendish crossword 复杂的填字游戏
• a fiendish plot/scheme 险恶的阴谋／诡计
■UK old-fashioned
■very great 极度的
• a fiendish price 天价
• I'm in a fiendish hurry. 我非常急。
adj. 恶魔似的，残忍的；极坏的
 - cruel, brutal

Word: framer
Front: framer
['freɪmə] (16866/35825)
Back: n. 制定者，创作者
分布：组成者(40%)，筹划者(40%)，构成者(20%)
n. 组成者；筹划者
 - contriver

Word: fluster
Front: fluster
[ˈflʌstə(r)] (托 20669/23089)
Vocabulary: fluster
(once / 4805 pages)
vn
To fluster someone is to make them feel upset or agitated. A challenging math problem might fluster you, or even a glance from an admirer.
If your coworker is about to give the biggest presentation of his life, you’ll probably only fluster, or upset, him if you point out that his socks don’t match. Use the adjective form, flustered, to describe someone when they’re feeling this way. Most of us get flustered once in a while, but if you’re “easily flustered,” it happens to you quite often. Don’t worry, though; that just gives you more opportunities to practice using this vocabulary word.
WORD FAMILY
fluster: flustered, flustering, flusters+/ flustered: unflustered
USAGE EXAMPLES
But then the singer, surrounded by dancers and a sea of humanity, appeared flustered and complained of technical difficulties.
Reuters(Jan 01, 2017)
I was too surprised and flustered to be impressed.
Salon(Dec 31, 2016)
I got really flustered and my husband and I left early.
Slate(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: vt. 使慌乱，使不安
n. 慌乱，不安
时态：flustered, flustering, flusters
分布：混乱(35%)，慌乱(25%)，狼狈(16%)，使酩醉(16%)，慌张(8%)
→来自辅音丛fl, 扑腾，拍打，拟声词，词源同flap, flip, flutter. 引申词义忙乱，紧张等。拼写比较bluster,cluster.
【记】源于：flush（v 脸红）是由慌乱引起的
US [-tɚ] verb transitive
■to make someone upset and confused, especially when they are trying to do something 使心烦意乱；使紧张
UK ['flʌs.tər] US [-tɚ] noun only singular
■an upset and confused state 使心烦意乱；使紧张
• The important thing when you're cooking for a lot of people is not to get in a fluster. 为许多人准备饭菜重要的一点是不要紧张。
vt. 使激动；使慌张；使酩醉
 - heat, impassion
n. 慌乱，混乱；狼狈；激动
 - chaos, disorder, confusion, involvement, warmth
vi. 慌慌张张的行动；混乱
 - out of joint, get mixed up

Word: gotta
Front: gotta
[ˈgɒtə] None
Back: v. 必须
分布：名词(100%)
US ['gɑ:.tˌə] not standard
short form
■'have got to' or 'have got a' 应该，必须
• I gotta go now. 我要走了。
• He's gotta be kidding. 他一定是在开玩笑。
• Gotta (= Have you got a) cigarette? 你有烟吗？
UK ['gɒt.ə] US ['gɑ:.tˌə] not standard
short form
A man's gotta do what a man's gotta do. mainly humorous saying
■said to mean that you will do whatever you have to do, even if it is difficult or dangerous 该做的你就要做；上天入地也要做
adv. 必须（等于have got to）
 - perforce

Word: fulsome
Front: fulsome
[ˈfʊlsəm] (托宝 32604/21359)
Vocabulary: fulsome
(once / 8008 pages)
adj
Compliments usually make you feel pretty good, but fulsome compliments, which are exaggerated and usually insincere, may have the opposite effect.
Hundreds of years ago fulsome used to mean "abundant," but now it's more often used to describe an ingratiating manner or an excess of flattery that might provoke an onlooker to mime gagging. If you find fulsome to be a rather clunky word, there are several fun (if vaguely stomach-churning) synonyms, including buttery, oily, oleaginous, and smarmy.
WORD COUNT
The Story Behind "Fulsome"
Some words travel a winding path to their meanings, causing language users confusion over what they actually mean. A word whose definition or usage is so hotly contested that it never fails to draw attention to itself is called a skunked term. It may be that language users will resolve the problem over time, but until then, what's a writer to do? Today, the story behind fulsome and what to do with this stinky term.
The adjective fulsome can be defined as "unpleasantly and excessively suave or ingratiating in manner or speech." Historically, it has also meant "disgusting or offensive," or "copious or abundant."
Fulsome dates to the 1200s, when its components (ful + som) gave it the meaning "abundant, full," says the Online Etymology Dictionary. By the mid-1300s, it had come to mean "plump, well-fed." It morphed again in the 1600s to mean "overgrown, overfed" and "offensive to taste or good manners," a meaning it retains today.
In 1828, Noah Webster listed the only definition of fulsome in his dictionary as "disgusting or offensive," while The Oxford English Dictionary listed "excessively flattering" as the only current definition in 1897 — dating it to 1663 — labeling the others as obsolete.
Yet somewhere along the line, the original neutral meaning came back.
By the 1940s and 1950s, says Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of English Usage (MWDEU), there was an outcry against using fulsome to mean "abundant." Usage mavens began urging the "disgusting or offensive" use, some mistakenly referring to it as its traditional sense. But language speakers haven't listened.
Within the first 20 results on search for fulsome on the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), we get three uses of the "excessively flattering" meaning, two uses of the "offensive" meaning, and 12 uses of the "abundant" meaning.
Sometimes, it's difficult to tell in context which meaning is intended, though the "abundant" meaning is usually clear. Garner's Modern American Usage notes that the "abundant" meaning is at stage 4 of its Language Change Index: "The form becomes virtually universal but is opposed on cogent grounds by a few linguistic stalwarts." Even so, Garner's prefers the "offensive" meaning and notes that the term is probably skunked. It advises avoiding the term at best and being extremely clear in the desired meaning at worst. MWDEU is in rare agreement with Garner's because of the possible misunderstanding of the term and the probable firestorm from its use.
My guess is that in a generation or three, fulsome will be full accepted and understood as meaning "abundant," whether or not the other meanings stick around. Until then, however, the wise writer should avoid the word when possible and should be crystal clear about the intended meaning when it must be used.
What definition do you have for fulsome? Do you receive criticism for it? Share your word story in the comments section!
WORD FAMILY
fulsome: fulsomely, fulsomeness, fulsomest
USAGE EXAMPLES
General Mattis drew even more fulsome praise from diplomats, military commanders and intelligence officials in the region.
New York Times(Dec 12, 2016)
The price to go global, however, comes at a fulsome valuation.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 24, 2016)
“Not with a fulsome leap, but he’s definitely moved in that direction.”
Washington Post(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 过分恭维的
分布：令人生厌的(75%)，虚伪的(25%)
→来自full, 满的。-some, 形容词后缀。原义为充满的，大量的，后词义贬义化。
adjective formal
■expressing a lot of admiration or praise for someone, often too much, in a way that does not sound sincere 过分恭维的；谄媚的；言过其实的
• Her new book has received fulsome praise from the critics. 评论界对她的新书称赞得言过其实。
• Our guests were fulsome in their compliments about the food. 我们的客人对饭菜极尽溢美之词。
adj. 令人生厌的；过度的
 - unreasonable, hohum

Word: gerontocracy
Front: gerontocracy
[ˌdʒerənˈtɒkrəsi] (宝 42832/-)
Vocabulary: gerontocracy
(once / 196989 pages)
n
A gerontocracy is a society governed by old people. You might see a gerontocracy in a tribe where elders are esteemed for the perspective and wisdom they have acquired.
If your grandparents moved into your house and started telling everyone what to do, you might be outraged. Daily Metumucil doses for everyone! No loud music or reading of novels written after the First World War! A good thing then, that we live in a culture that worships youth––we're unlikely to be ruled by a gerontocracy.
WORD FAMILY
gerontocracy: gerontocracies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Younger Cubans are more likely to rail against gerontocracy, repression and lost opportunity.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
Biden, who at 72 shares the Democrats’ gerontocracy problem, is riding a wave of deserved sympathy.
Washington Post(Sep 03, 2015)
“They kept dying on me,” he said of the Moscow gerontocracy.
Time(May 16, 2015)
Back: n. 老人统治，老人政治，老人政府
分布：老人政治(58%)，老人政府(42%)
→geront-, 老人。-cracy, 统治，见democracy.
【记】geronto-表示“老人”之义，cracy统治ger＝germ，on，to头，cracy：头上有细菌的人的统治－老人统治
【参】gerontic（adj 老年的）；gerontology（n 老人病学）

Word: handmade
Front: handmade
[ˌhændˈmeɪd] (10222/20068 -1)
Vocabulary: handmade
(once / 11843 pages)
adj
Something that's handmade wasn't made by a machine, but formed, built, or constructed by an actual person. A handmade sweater from your grandma is one she knit herself.
Handmade items can look awkward and inexpertly constructed, but just as often they're more beautiful and special than their machine-made counterparts. Handmade pottery is unique, each bowl or mug looking slightly different since they're made and glazed individually, by hand. A handmade birthday card from a young relative is charming in a way its Hallmark equivalent could never be. Handmade comes from the sense of "made by hand."
WORD FAMILY
handmade
USAGE EXAMPLES
Each resident received handmade cards and hug from students.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Other elements this wave brings: Chinoiserie, ornate historic motifs, florals, organic patterns and the handmade.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
At the end of their afternoon in the lab, they got to light their handmade wands and watch them flare.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 手工做的
n. 手工制品
分布：手工制作的(100%)
adjective
■made using the hands rather than a machine 手工制造的
• handmade chocolates/paper/shoes 手工巧克力／工艺纸／鞋
adj. 手工的；手制的
 - manual, mechanic

Word: guffaw
Front: guffaw
[gəˈfɔ:] (宝 24747/25239)
Vocabulary: guffaw
(once / 5982 pages)
nv
A guffaw is a belly laugh: a laugh that bubbles up with good feeling and plenty of volume. At the end of a stressful day of work, it’s good to have some guffaws with your friends.
Guffaw operates just like the word laugh: you can give a guffaw, or you can guffaw. It comes from the Scottish word gawf, which is onomatopoetic, meaning that it’s spelled the way it sounds. Imagine a big happy Scotsman snorting "gawf, gawf, gawf" at the end of a joke, and you’ll know what a guffaw is. Refined ladies and gentlemen don’t guffaw––and are much the worse for it.
WORD FAMILY
guffaw: guffawed, guffawing, guffaws
USAGE EXAMPLES
And not the usual kind of tears, not sad tears, but moved, happy tears mixed with guffaws of— oh God, how this sounds!—wonder.
Slate(Dec 22, 2016)
Hilarity, or possibly at least a guffaw or two, ensues.
Washington Post(Nov 07, 2016)
She said she inherited her father's distinctive laugh - she called it "a big rolling guffaw" - and Americans have heard it frequently.
Reuters(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: n. 大笑，狂笑
时态：guffawed, guffawing, guffaws
分布：大笑(50%)，哄笑(50%)
→拟声词，模仿哄堂大笑的声音。
【记】从现在开始该词读：寡妇－狂笑（为了尊敬寡妇不作解释）
US [-'ɑ:] verb intransitive
■to laugh loudly, especially at something stupid that someone has said or done （尤指由于某人说了蠢话或做了蠢事而）大笑，狂笑
• He guffawed with delight when he heard the news. 他听到这个消息高兴得哈哈大笑。
n. 哄笑；狂笑
 - cachinnation
vi. 哄笑
 - cachinnate

Word: harbor
Front: harbor
['hɑ:bə] (研六托雅宝 5726/26500)
Vocabulary: harbor
(once / 242 pages)
nv
A harbor is a safe place providing refuge and comfort. If you're traveling, the harbor provided by a warm hotel is welcome. For ships, a harbor is a sheltered port area shielded from waves, where it's safe to dock.
Harbor can also be used as a verb, which describes maintaining a belief or a feeling. If you harbor ill-will toward your neighbor John, you don't like him much. Harbor can also mean you hold back your ideas and don't express them openly. John may have no idea you hate him if you harbor your true feelings deep inside, but pretend you like him to his face.
WORD FAMILY
harbor: harborage, harbored, harboring, harbors
USAGE EXAMPLES
Police say Caldwell failed a field sobriety test leaving the MGM National Harbor on opening night.
Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017)
“Right now, Charles Town needs to be looking to differentiate itself from the Maryland casinos including MGM National Harbor, located outside of Washington, D.C.,”
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
It was found near a private harbor in a small lakeside community.
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Back: n. 海港; 海湾; 避难所; 躲藏处
vt. & vi. 心怀; 庇护; 避入安全地; （船）入港停泊
时态：harbored, harboring, harbors
分布：海港(58%)，心怀(12%)，避难所(10%)，庇护(8%)，生存(6%)，窝藏(4%)，进入避祸所(2%)
n.(harbour)海港;避难所v.隐匿,窝藏During the gale the ships stayed in the harbor.刮大风时船只停泊在港内.
【反】evict（v 驱逐房客）
port, harbor, dock
port: 重心在陆地，包括其所在的城市，port city
harbor: 重心在水，指停泊船只、装卸货物的天然或人工港口，为避风港湾
dock: 码头
vt. 庇护；怀有
 - nourish
n. 海港；避难所
 - haven, home
vi. 居住，生存；入港停泊；躲藏
 - exist, belong, room, live, dwell

Word: heartbreaking
Front: heartbreaking
['hɑ:tbreɪkɪŋ] (12509/23112)
Back: adj. 令人心碎的，悲痛的
v. 心碎，断肠( heartbreak的现在分词 )
分布：令人心碎的(100%)
US ['hɑ:rt-] adjective
■causing extreme sadness 令人心碎的，令人断肠的
• a heartbreaking story 令人心碎的故事
• It is heartbreaking (for him) that he cannot see his children. 对他来说，不能见到自己的孩子是非常伤心的事。
⇒ See also heartrending

Word: haulier
Front: haulier
[ˈhɔ:liə(r)] (-/29880)
Back: n. 拖曳者，货运马车夫
分布：货运承运人(50%)，承运行(50%)
US ['hɑ:.li.ɚ] noun countable UK (US hauler)
■a business or a person involved in a business which transports goods by road 货运公司；货物承运人
n. 货运马车夫；拖曳者， [交] 承运人
 - freighter, common carriers

Word: hullabaloo
Front: hullabaloo
[ˌhʌləbəˈlu:] (29754/37663)
Vocabulary: hullabaloo
(once / 17537 pages)
n
Hullabaloo is a lovely term for a fuss or commotion, usually over something of little or no importance, like a celebrity's new hair style.
Save hullabaloo for the trivial fuss. Anything of real importance — a war, a murder, for example — merits a more serious term like "disturbance" or "outcry." Hullabaloo allegedly comes from the sound of lots of people saying "Hullo!" Hullo!" In other words, it's an onomatopoeic word, that is to say it sounds like its meaning, like hiss or tick tock or oink. Curious fact: there's no plural to hullabaloo: hullabaloos is not a word.
WORD FAMILY
hullabaloo: hullabaloos
USAGE EXAMPLES
The hullabaloo started last Thursday, when Alipay began testing a feature called Circles that lets users share messages and photos.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 30, 2016)
Predictably, the plan raised a hullabaloo at home.
Washington Post(Nov 02, 2016)
“I really shy away from all the hullabaloo,” Galanos told The Philadelphia Inquirer shortly after the inauguration.
Washington Times(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: n. 喧嚣
分布：嘈杂(50%)，喧闹(50%)
→来自hullo的韵律构词，叫喊，打招呼，词源同hello.
noun only singular old-fashioned
■a loud noise made by people who are angry or annoyed 喧嚣声，吵闹声
• There's a crowd of angry demonstrators making a real hullabaloo outside the Houses of Parliament. 一群愤怒的示威者在议会大楼外大声喧闹。
• The minister resigned after all the hullabaloo (= public disapproval) over his affair with an actress. 部长在他与女演员的绯闻受到大众非议后就辞职了。
n. 喧嚣；吵闹声；吵吵喊喊的争论（等于hullaballoo）
 - uproariousness, hurly-burly

Word: hyperion
Front: hyperion
[haiˈpiəriən] None
Back: n. <希神>亥伯龙神
分布：名词(100%)

Word: idiocy
Front: idiocy
[ˈɪdiəsi] (托 23256/22975)
Vocabulary: idiocy
(once / 5763 pages)
n
Idiocy is extreme stupidity. If you skied down a dangerous slope with little experience and no helmet, your friends would be right to comment on your idiocy.
When someone behaves in a foolish way, showing no evidence that they've thought about their actions, you can call it idiocy. You could scold your little brother, "Your idiocy in the bouncy house made it impossible for anyone else to have fun at the party," or criticize the idiocy of your governor's decision to refuse federal funds for school lunches. The noun idiot came before idiocy, and both words originally had psychiatric meanings that are now obsolete.
WORD FAMILY
idiocy: idiocies+/ idiot: idiocy, idiotic, idiots/ idiotic: idiotically
USAGE EXAMPLES
He literally can’t tell the difference between irony and idiocy.
Salon(Dec 31, 2016)
Still, Trump should recognize a sideshow when he sees it - and assign some very junior member of his communications team to mocking such idiocy.
Washington Times(Nov 30, 2016)
A catastrophic idiocy has informed Europe’s favoritism toward diesel cars: In return for trivial CO2 gains, it got dirtier air in its cities.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. 极度的愚蠢; 愚蠢的行为; 白痴状态
分布：愚蠢(70%)，白痴行为(30%)
→来自idiot,笨蛋，傻瓜，-acy,名词后缀。
愚蠢(idiot白痴)[-cy表名词,也作-acy,"性质,状态"]
noun countable or uncountable
■a stupid action, or stupidity 蠢行；愚昧
• the idiocies of war 战争的种种蠢行
• the idiocy of the whole scheme 整个计划的愚昧
n. [内科] 白痴；白痴的行为
 - natural, baichi

Word: hellfire
Front: hellfire
[ˈhelfaɪə(r)] (25182/37833)
Back: n. 地狱之火，严酷的苦难
分布：地狱之火(67%)，严酷的苦难(33%)
→hell,地狱，fire,烈火。即地狱烈火，对应天上纯火（三昧真火）ether,empyrean.比较inferno.
US [-faɪr] noun uncountable
■the punishment that some Christians believe bad people will suffer after they die 地狱火（一些基督徒认为坏人死后遭受的一种惩罚）
• He certainly believed in preaching hellfire and damnation. 他对地狱火和遭天讉的布道坚信不疑。

Word: iconoclasm
Front: iconoclasm
[aɪ'kɒnəklæzəm] (31816/35204)
Back: n. 破坏偶像得理论，对偶像攻击，打破旧习
分布：破坏偶像(51%)，打破旧习(37%)，迷信的破除(12%)

Word: immorality
Front: immorality
[ˌɪmə'rælətɪ] (19298/16553)
Vocabulary: immorality
(once / 2020 pages)
n
Immorality is evil, sinful, or otherwise wrong behavior. Immorality is often called wickedness and is a state avoided by good people.
Since morality refers to things that are right, immorality has to do with things that are wrong — like stealing, lying, and murdering. This is a tricky word, because people have their own idea of what's immoral. We can all agree killing is an example of immorality, but people disagree on whether things such as bad language are truly signs of immorality. Different religions have their own ideas of immorality too, but the word is always associated with wrongness and offensiveness.
WORD FAMILY
immorality: immoralities+/amoral: amoralism, amorality, amorally /amoralism: amoralist/amoralist: amoralists/ immoral: immorality, immorally/ moral: amoral, immoral, moralise, moralism, morality, moralize, morally, morals /moralisation: moralisations/moralise: moralisation, moralised, moralises, moralising/moralism: moralisms, moralist / moralist: moralists/moralistic: moralistically/ morality: moralistic, moralities/moralization: moralizations/ moralize: moralization, moralized, moralizes, moralizing/moralizing: moralizings
USAGE EXAMPLES
As written in the story, “The mechanism, it states, tend against peace and good order, encourage vice and immorality and constitute a nuisance.”
Washington Times(Dec 07, 2016)
There is also the little matter of distinguishing between big lies and little lies and between immorality and unwise actions - the two are not equivalent.
New York Times(Sep 16, 2016)
Islamic clerics in the north blame them for spreading immorality and bringing it into the home.
BBC(Oct 04, 2016)
Back: n. 不道德，淫荡
分布：不道德(89%)，无道义(11%)
【记】morality（adj 道德的n 道德）；moral（adj 道德的n 道德）
n. 不道德；无道义；伤风败俗的行为
 - wickedness, improbity

Word: illiberalism

Word: indenture
Front: indenture
[ɪnˈdentʃə(r)] (托宝 32727/26877)
Vocabulary: indenture
(once / 5511 pages)
1nv 2n 3n
An indenture is a formal legal agreement. Many earned passage to the British colonies by indenturing, or selling, themselves to a master for a period of seven years–-they were called indentured laborers.
Indenture can describe what you owe to someone else. If you promised your friend you would take her shopping for a prom dress, you might fulfill your indenture over the course of three trips to the mall. A detention is an indenture of a kind––for your crime, you owe time.
WORD FAMILY
indenture: indentured, indentures, indenturing+/ indent: indentation, indented, indenting, indents, indenture / indentation: indentations
USAGE EXAMPLES
The states were demoted from partners to indentured servants.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 09, 2016)
These white castaways, mainly indentured servants and convicted criminals, were shunned in the new society.
Salon(Nov 19, 2016)
Since the prisoners were working without payment, it was considered a form of indentured servitude.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 契约; 合同; 正式凭单; 文据
vt. <史>以契约束缚（学徒）
时态：indentured, indenturing, indentures
分布：契约(60%)，合同(16%)，锯齿状的边缘(6%)，以契约束缚(6%)，凹的部分(6%)，定期服务合同.(6%)
→来自indent,咬合，-ure,名词后缀。因古代师徒契约写于两张锯齿状凹痕的契约纸上而得名。
契约,合同(in+dent+ure→古代契约锯成锯齿状,一分为二,一人一半)[dent=tooth,表示"牙齿"]
【记】dent牙，原指古代师徒间分割成的带锯齿状边缘的契约，并且每人在契约上咬上牙印。
US [-tʃɚ] mainly old use
verb transitive
■to officially agree that someone, often a young person, will work for someone else, especially in order to learn a job 签订契约（尤指做学徒）
• He was indentured to a carpenter. 他签订契约成了木匠的学徒。
• The land was worked on by indentured labourers. 这块土地是由契约工人耕种的。
n. [法] 契约；合同
 - compact, covenant

Word: impurity
Front: impurity
[ɪmˈpjʊərəti] (六托 17928/15794)
Vocabulary: impurity
(once / 2396 pages)
n
An impurity is something that ruins the uncontaminated nature of something. If someone accuses you of impurity, they think you or your nature has been spoiled in some way by sin.
When water is pure, the only thing in that water is water. Add a contaminant, say salt or bleach, and you are introducing an impurity, something that turns the water impure. When used with people, the word has a religious overtone. Someone who is pure is unspoiled by sin. Think Snow White. If you convinced Snow White to rob a bank with you, you'd be spoiling her good nature with your wretched impurity.
WORD FAMILY
impurity: impurities+/impure: impurely, impureness, impurer, impurest, impurity / pure: impure, purely, pureness, purer, purest, purism, purity /purism: purisms, purist / purist: purists/ purity: purities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Winemakers also often use animal products, including gelatine or milk protein, to remove impurities.
BBC(Dec 07, 2016)
The buckets were first described as containing gold flakes, but actually, they held rough-edged bars, a mixture of scrap gold and impurities, from several locations.
New York Times(Dec 04, 2016)
This is supposed to remove nameless “impurities” from the soup, much as twisting in yoga positions is supposed to wring out “toxins.”
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: n. 污点，污染; 掺杂，不纯; 不道德，罪恶; 混杂物，粗劣品
分布：杂质(94%)，不纯(6%)
不纯;有罪(im+pur+ity)[Pur,purg=pure,表示"纯洁"]
【记】purity（n 纯净；纯度）
US [-'pjʊr.ə.tˌi] noun
MIXED 混杂
countable or uncountable
■when a substance is mixed with another substance and makes it dirty or lower in quality 杂质，不纯
• Impurities are removed from the blood by the kidneys. 肾脏将血液中的杂质去除。
• The impurity of the water is a health risk. 不洁的水质对健康是个威胁。
UK [ɪm'pjʊə.rɪ.ti] US [-'pjʊr.ə.tˌi] noun
BAD 劣质
uncountable literary or humorous
■sexual thoughts or behaviour that are wrong or not moral 不纯洁，淫秽
n. 杂质；不纯；不洁
 - foreign matters, nastiness

Word: insincere
Front: insincere
[ˌɪnsɪnˈsɪə(r)] (23720/22410)
Vocabulary: insincere
(once / 2460 pages)
adj
Someone who's insincere is a little bit fake or phony. Your classmate's insincere apology for interrupting you probably sounds like she doesn't really mean it.
When you're insincere, you're not being completely honest. A losing politician often gives an insincere-sounding concession speech, and a teacher who's having a terrible day might wear an insincere smile on her face. The adjective sincere, "coming from genuine, honest feelings," is at the root of insincere — the Latin prefix in, or "not," is combined with sincerus, "sound, pure, or whole."
WORD FAMILY
insincere: insincerely, insincerest, insincerity +/ insincerity: insincerities/ sincere: insincere, sincerely, sincerer, sincerest, sincerity / sincerity: sincerities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Israelis will be convinced that Western assurances of support are insincere and reversible.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
China criticized Mr. Abe’s visit as an insincere attempt to absolve Japan of its wartime aggression.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
They had been halfhearted tokens of penance, insincere, corrupt gestures meant more for his own appeasement than hers.
Khaled Hosseini, A Thousand Splendid Suns(2007)
Back: adj. 不诚恳的; 贰心; 二心
分布：不真诚的(55%)，虚伪的(45%)
→in-,不，非，sincere,真诚的。
US [-'sɪr] disapproving
adjective
■pretending to feel something that you do not really feel, or not meaning what you say 虚伪的；不诚恳的
• an insincere apology 虚情假意的道歉
• And all this praise just because the poor man has died - doesn't it strike you as a bit insincere? 所有这些赞扬仅仅是因为这可怜的人已经去世了——你不觉得这有点虚伪吗？
adj. 不诚实的；虚假的
 - dishonest, unfaithful

Word: iniquity
Front: iniquity
[ɪˈnɪkwəti] (宝 26690/19097)
Vocabulary: iniquity
(once / 661 pages)
n
An iniquity is a really unfair or really immoral act. If you're a journalist, you may uncover a terrible iniquity that forces a famous politician to step down.
Iniquity comes from Latin, combining the prefix in-, which means “not,” and aequus, which means “equal” or “just.” So iniquity literally means “not just.” Iniquity can also be used to say that something lacks moral or spiritual principles. Some would call Las Vegas a “den of iniquity,” implying that sinful or wicked behavior occurs there. Others would just call it a vacation.
WORD FAMILY
iniquity: iniquities, iniquitous +/ iniquitous: iniquitously
USAGE EXAMPLES
What if they didn’t evoke urban iniquity to excite exurban voters, or if they toned down the values overtures that play well in Utah?
New York Times(Nov 02, 2016)
You should trust him more, not less, because he has “gone through” a life of iniquity and predation captured, at age 59, in this videotape.
Slate(Oct 09, 2016)
Of course, all along there were forebodings, hints of the injuries and iniquities that so often seem to accompany utopias.
The New Yorker(Sep 26, 2016)
Back: n. 邪恶; 极不公正
分布：邪恶(64%)，不公正(22%)，罪行(14%)
→in-,不，非，-iqu,平等，公正，词源同equal,equality.
极不公正;邪恶(in不+equity公正→不公正→邪恶)[equ,equi=equal,even,表示"相等,平均"]
【记】in不，iquit＝equal平等的－不公正的
【参】iniquitous（adj 不公正的；邪恶的）
【反】rectitude（n 正直；公正；清廉）；disinterestedness（n 公正无私）
US [-tˌi] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■a very wrong and unfair action or situation 极其错误；极不公正
• They fought long and hard against the iniquities of apartheid. 他们为反抗不公正的种族隔离进行了长期艰苦的斗争。
• The writer reflects on human injustice and iniquity. 这位作家探讨了人类的不公正与邪恶。
n. 邪恶；不公正
 - evil, wrong, wickedness

Word: intensification
Front: intensification
[ɪnˌtensɪfɪ'keɪʃn] (19565/15947)
Vocabulary: intensification
(once / 23545 pages)
n
If you have a fear of flying, there might be an intensification of this feeling as you board the plane, and again when you take off. That is, your feelings of fear might increase or "intensify."
An intensification is an increase in strength or magnitude (or intensity). Agricultural intensification is an increase of productivity per acre. The intensification of a conflict, as in a war, usually means an increase in fighting. Gender intensification is an increasing preference by boys for "boy things" and by girls for "girl things."
WORD FAMILY
intensification: intensifications+/intensifier: intensifiers/ intensify: intensification, intensified, intensifier, intensifies, intensifying
USAGE EXAMPLES
The addition of the elite troops, also known as counterterrorism forces, marked a significant intensification of the fight for Iraq’s second-largest city.
Time(Oct 20, 2016)
The addition of the elite troops, also known as counter-terrorism forces, marked a significant intensification of the fight for Iraq's second-largest city.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 20, 2016)
Matthew behaved similarly, its intensification also unforeseen and sudden, occurring just two days before it overwhelmed Haiti.
New York Times(Oct 17, 2016)
Back: n. 激烈化，增强明暗度; 加厚
分布：强化(56%)，加强(26%)，增强(18%)
n. 强化；加剧；激烈化；增强明暗度
 - aggrandizement, potentialization

Word: intermarriage
Front: intermarriage
[ˌɪntə'mærɪdʒ] (22906/36215)
Back: n. 异族结婚; 近亲结婚
分布：通婚(76%)，近亲结婚(12%)，异族结婚(12%)
US [-tˌɚ'mer-] noun uncountable
■marriage between people who are from different social groups, races or religions, or who are from the same family （不同群体、种族或宗教间的）通婚；近亲结婚
• Have ethnic tensions in the area been reduced by intermarriage? 不同种族之间的通婚是否缓解了该地区的种族紧张局势？
• Intermarriage between close relatives is prohibited in most societies. 大多数社会禁止近亲结婚。
n. 联姻，异族结婚；近亲结婚
 - alliance, exogamy

Word: joyless
Front: joyless
[ˈdʒɔɪləs] (27797/33226)
Back: adj. 不高兴的，不快乐的; 忧悒不欢
分布：不快乐的(80%)，沉闷无趣的(20%)
→joy,欢乐，-less,无，没有。
adjective
■unhappy 不欢乐的，不快活的
• Jane is trapped in a joyless marriage. 简陷入不幸福的婚姻中。
adj. 不高兴的，不快乐的
 - unhappy, grouchy

Word: linguistical

Word: kruger

Word: leaven
Front: leaven
[ˈlevn] (宝 25138/34557)
Vocabulary: leaven
(once / 1841 pages)
nv
Leaven, as a noun, is that which causes transformation. It’s the source of yeast that makes your bread rise, it’s the risen bread, and it’s anything that changes the nature of something else.
Coming from the French verb levare, which means “to raise,” leaven changes everything. It makes dough go from flat to loaf, and it’s also the term to describe the risen dough before it’s baked. And leaven can be anything that causes transformation — "Winning the lottery will be the leaven that allows you to travel the world." Additionally it’s a verb: "When you bake bread, you leaven the dough to make it rise."
WORD FAMILY
leaven: leavened, leavening, leavens+/leavened: unleavened/leavening: leavenings
USAGE EXAMPLES
And while both are leavened with wit, they are fundamentally serious plays.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Yet the sorrow is leavened by plenty of righteous fury and biting humour.
Economist(Nov 29, 2016)
It was Obama at his finest: full of emotional power, oratorical grace and leavening wit.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: n. 酵母，面肥; 潜移默化的影响
vi. 使（面团）发酵; 在…中掺入改变的因素
时态：leavened, leavening, leavens
分布：酵母(38%)，发酵剂(25%)，影响(19%)，要素(6%)，影响力(6%)，使 ... 发酵(6%)
→来自拉丁语levare,升起，举起，变轻，词源同light,lever.引申词义发酵，酵母。
【记】leave把…留下，n想象成扣住发面的锅：把一团发面留在n里面－发酵。
verb transitive
■to add a substance to bread or another food made with flour to make it get bigger when it is cooked 使发酵
■formal
■to make something less boring 使变得有趣
• Even a speech on a serious subject should be leavened with a little humour. 即使是一篇题目很严肃的演讲也应该包含一些幽默的内容在里面。
vt. 使发酵；影响
 - affect, influence, impact of, impact on, reach
vi. 渐变
 - shadow, graduate
n. 酵母；酵素；潜移默化的影响
 - yeast, barm

Word: liveable
Front: liveable
[ˈlɪvəbl] (41742/-)
Back: adj. 适于居住的，可住的
分布：适于居住的(60%)，可住的(40%)
adjective
■ livable
adj. 适于居住的；可住的
 - livable, inhabitable

Word: louche
Front: louche
[lu:ʃ] (-/41803)
Vocabulary: louche
(once / 95318 pages)
adj
Someone with louche taste is decadent and flashy. It’s one thing to wear gold around your neck as jewelry, but louche to have all your teeth capped in the precious metal just for the heck of it.
Louche is an adjective that describes something “of questionable taste or morality" but is also kind of attractive. It comes from the French louche, which also means “squinting,” and that word comes from the Latin lusca, meaning “one-eyed.” Imagine a louche pirate with an eye patch that you just can't turn away from. It's pronounced like a little kid trying to say "loose," like "loosh." You can also use louche in place of words like decadent, shady, and sinister.
WORD FAMILY
louche
USAGE EXAMPLES
The clothes, with their drop-waists, louche sequins and nubbly, dressmaker tweeds, recalled the era when F Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald held court in the bar.
The Guardian(Dec 06, 2016)
The name is taken from the Droogs of A Clockwork Orange – young men, known for their louche and stylish violence.
The Guardian(Dec 01, 2016)
A couple of years ago he made The Canyons, a film set in the louche backwaters of LA, where sex is a communal activity.
The Guardian(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 品德有问题的，声名狼籍的
分布：品德有问题的(60%)，声名狼籍的(40%)
→来自法语louche,斜眼的，斜着眼看的。词义比较抽象，用来形容不为主流社会所认可但同时又带有某种吸引力的人。参照黄药师，韦小宝。

Word: metaphysics
Front: metaphysics
[ˌmetəˈfɪzɪks] (宝 14929/36573)
Vocabulary: metaphysics
(once / 828 pages)
n
Metaphysics is the philosophical study of being and knowing. If you have ever contemplated your own existence in the universe, you were dabbling in metaphysics.
Metaphysics comes from the Greek meta ta physika ("the works after the Physics"), which refers those of Aristotle's writings that followed the natural sciences. This field of inquiry was later understood as "the science of things transcending what is physical and natural," like the existence of god or the origin of human knowledge. Metaphysics must therefore rely on philosophical logic, rather than scientific experiments, in exploring these questions.
WORD FAMILY
metaphysics: metaphysical +/ metaphysical: metaphysically
USAGE EXAMPLES
The general impression is Hitchcockian or, perhaps because it’s at the National, I first thought Pinteresque, though without the metaphysics.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 10, 2016)
It’s simply the franchise’s obsessions — themes like royal dynasties, New Age metaphysics and introspective voyaging — laid across a naturalist’s canvas.
Time(Nov 28, 2016)
So, brace yourself for a surfeit of dubious sociology and worse metaphysics.
Washington Post(Sep 30, 2016)
Back: n. 形而上学，玄学
分布：形而上学(79%)，玄学(21%)
→来自希腊语ta metaphysika,写在物理学后面的作品，来自meta,在后，physika,物理，词源同Physics.原指古希腊哲学家亚里士多德的编辑者在编辑完其物理方面的作品之后编辑其它作品所用的标题，后来被拉丁学者误解为超越物理的学问，即玄学，引申词义玄而上学。并由该词衍生出科学名词前缀meta-,元，始，玄。
形而上学(meta上面+phys形体+ics)[-ics表名词、,"学科,学术"]
【记】meta后面，physics（n 物理学）－在物理之后的学科－形而上学源于：亚里士多德关于第一原则论文的题目，因其紧随他在物理学方面工作而得名
US [ˌmetˌ-] noun uncountable
■the part of philosophy that is about understanding existence and knowledge 形而上学，玄学
n. 玄学，形而上学
 - ontologies

Word: menopause
Front: menopause
[ˈmenəpɔ:z] (10584/15771 -1)
Back: n. [医]停经，经绝（期）; 活动终止期; 更年期; 绝经期
分布：更年期(94%)，停经期(6%)
→来自拉丁语menopausis,停经，来自menses,月经，词源同moon,pausis,暂停，停止，词源同pause.引申词义更年期。
US [-pɑ:z] noun uncountable (informal the change (of life))
■the time in a woman's life when she gradually stops having periods blood flow from her womb each month 停经，停经期；更年期
• Most women go through UKthe menopause] USmenopause between the ages of 45 and 55. 大多数妇女在45岁至55岁之间经历更年期。
n. 更年期；活动终止期
 - climacterium

Word: melancholic
Front: melancholic
[ˌmelənˈkɒlɪk] (24867/34412)
Vocabulary: melancholic
(once / 7849 pages)
adjn
Melancholic describes sadness, or a person who feels this way. Planning to go out dancing after seeing that melancholic movie? Don't be surprised if you feel more like sitting quietly, thinking, instead.
Melancholic means thoughtfully sad — your summer could be melancholic if you spent the whole season feeling blue, or you might have a melancholic friend who seems sad even when he swears he's having a good time. The Greek root melankholia means sadness, but it also means black bile, a bodily secretion believed in Medieval physiology to cause people to feel melancholic.
WORD FAMILY
melancholic: melancholia, melancholics+/ melancholia: melancholiac, melancholias/melancholiac: melancholiacs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Noah’s screen time was our and blandly melancholic.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
While subdued and melancholic, there is a deeper optimism at the core of Beck’s “Heart Is a Drum.”
Salon(Dec 31, 2016)
But it’s also brushed with melancholic shadows that cling.
Time(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: n. 忧郁症患者
adj. 忧郁的
分布：忧郁的(79%)，忧伤的(11%)，忧郁症的(5%)，忧沉症患者(5%)
→来自melancholy,忧郁，悲伤。
US [-'kɑ:.lɪk] adjective formal
■expressing feelings of sadness 忧郁的
• a melancholic expression 忧伤的表情
• melancholic songs 忧伤的歌曲
adj. 忧郁的；抑郁的；患忧郁症的
 - blue, dark
n. 忧郁症患者
 - hypochondriac

Word: megalomaniac
Front: megalomaniac
[ˌmegələˈmeɪniæk] (31669/33483)
Vocabulary: megalomaniac
(once / 44102 pages)
n
If you seriously think you’re the only person smart enough to solve the financial crisis, and you demand to be put in charge, people will think you’re a megalomaniac.
A megalomaniac is a pathological egotist, that is, someone with a psychological disorder with symptoms like delusions of grandeur and an obsession with power. We also use the word megalomaniac more informally for people who behave as if they're convinced of their absolute power and greatness. Your garden-variety egomaniac might be self-centered and overconfident but he's a little softy compared with the megalomaniac who wants to control the world.
WORD FAMILY
megalomaniac: megalomaniacal, megalomaniacs+/ megalomania: megalomaniac /megalomaniacal: megalomaniacally/megalomanic: megalomania
USAGE EXAMPLES
Let’s suppose, for a minute, that the Trump transition has some organizing principle beyond the chaotic, conflicting impulses of a megalomaniac.
The Guardian(Nov 14, 2016)
Trump is a megalomaniac, in addition to many, many other awful things.
Seattle Times(Nov 06, 2016)
Donald Trump is a dangerous, bigoted, misogynistic, narcissistic megalomaniac with fascist tendencies.
Salon(Oct 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 夸大狂的
n. 夸大狂患者
分布：夸大狂患者(53%)，夸大狂的(47%)
→来自megalomania,自大狂。
n. 夸大狂患者；妄自尊大的人
 - turkey-cock

Word: misnomer
Front: misnomer
[ˌmɪsˈnəʊmə(r)] (宝 19971/19303)
Vocabulary: misnomer
(once / 11119 pages)
n
A misnomer is a wrong or unsuitable name. It’s a misnomer to call your grandmother “Grandfather,” the same way it’s a misnomer to call a chair with four legs that doesn’t move unless you drag it across the floor, a rocking chair.
From the Middle-French misnomer “to misname” evolved our English misnomer, a noun indicating a lack of fit when it comes to naming. Synonyms include, predictably, misnamed, but also mistermed and miscalled. You’ll notice the repetition of the mis- at the front of all those words. It comes from the French mes-, which means “wrongly.”
WORD FAMILY
misnomer: misnomers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Pretending cyberspace is a different universe, populated by people who matter less, is a misnomer and a flagrant abandonment of our individual responsibility.
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
The growth of trolling, ugliness and threats is making the term “social media” a misnomer.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
The brown rat is sometimes called the Norway rat, but the new research confirms that the name is a misnomer.
New York Times(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: n. 使用不当的名字或名称
分布：用词不当(54%)，误称(46%)
→来自misname,命名不当。
US [-'noʊ.mɚ] noun countable
■a name that does not suit what it refers to, or the use of such a name 使用不当的名字（或名称）；名字（或名称）的误用；取名（或用词）不当
• It was the scruffiest place I've ever stayed in, so 'Hotel Royal' was a bit of a misnomer. 那是我住过的最不整洁的地方，叫它“皇家饭店”真有点取名不当。
• It's something of a misnomer to refer to these inexperienced boys as soldiers. 用“军人”来称呼这些没有经验的男孩有点用词不当。
n. 用词不当；误称；写错姓名
 - catachresis

Word: misrepresentation
Front: misrepresentation
[ˌmɪsˌreprɪzen'teɪʃn] (宝 16528/12758)
Vocabulary: misrepresentation
(once / 3199 pages)
n
A misrepresentation is when you misrepresent, or lie about, something that happened. If you say you were the quarter back of the football team but really you were the mascot, that’s a misrepresentation.
A misrepresentation is a misstatement of the facts. It’s more than casting a different light on something; it’s deceptive and untrue. It’s a misrepresentation to tell your parents you went to the principal’s office to talk about books if you really got sent there for talking in class. Misrepresentations are deliberately misleading. They’re lies.
WORD FAMILY
misrepresentation: misrepresentations+/ misrepresent: misrepresentation, misrepresented, misrepresenting, misrepresents/ represent: misrepresent, representable, representation, representative, represented, representing, represents/ representation: representational, representations/representational: nonrepresentational, representationally/ representative: nonrepresentative, representatively, representatives, unrepresentative/unrepresentative: unrepresentatively
USAGE EXAMPLES
“To think otherwise is a complete misrepresentation of the movement that united Americans from all backgrounds,” the statement said.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
Those misrepresentations might sound like a slight, but that couldn’t be further from the truth.
Time(Nov 29, 2016)
The scientists who deny endocrine disruption and dismiss the expert reviews on EDCs make many scientific inaccuracies and misrepresentations.
Nature(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 误传
分布：不实的陈述(50%)，误称(50%)
noun countable or uncountable
■something which misrepresents an idea, situation or opinion or when something is misrepresented （对思想、情况或意见的）歪曲，扭曲；歪曲（思想、情况或意见）的表述、报道等物
• The documentary was a misrepresentation of the truth and bore little resemblance to actual events. 这部纪录片是对事实的歪曲，几乎与事实毫无相符之处。
• The MP laughed off the remarks as media misrepresentation. 这名下议院议员对这些评论一笑置之，说是媒体歪曲事实。
n. 歪曲；误传
 - violence, falsification

Word: monochrome
Front: monochrome
[ˈmɒnəkrəʊm] (托宝 18726/21074)
Vocabulary: monochrome
(once / 14138 pages)
adjn
Things that are monochrome have different tones or shades of only one color. If you prefer to use monochrome film, it means that you love black and white photography.
Use the adjective monochrome to describe something that's a single color. If you've ever watched an old black-and-white movie, you know what monochrome film looks like. You can also call a black-and-white photograph a monochrome. The Greek root, monochromos, means "of a single color," from monos, "single or one," and khroma, "color." Originally, it referred to art drawn or painted in tones of one color.
WORD FAMILY
monochrome: monochromatic, monochromes, monochromic, monochromous
USAGE EXAMPLES
They are a real competitor to the colorful use of the voice, which doesn’t happen with a piano, which is monochrome.
New York Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Obviously, the Sharks weren’t entirely monochrome – their expansion uniforms also featured black, white and silver.
The Guardian(Nov 23, 2016)
De La Soul’s recent effort this year proved exactly how halfway attempts to modernize your sound can lead to it seeming monochrome.
Washington Post(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 单色画，单色照片，黑白照片
adj. 单色的，黑白的
分布：单色(61%)，单色的(20%)，黑白的(14%)，单色画法(5%)
→mono-,单个的，-chrome,颜色，词源同chromatic,chromosome.
单色的(mono单个+chrome颜色)[ehrom=color,表示"颜色"]
US ['mɑ:.nə.kroʊm] adjective
COLOUR 颜色
■using only black, white and grey, or using only one colour 黑白的；单色的
• Kodak still produces monochrome film. 柯达公司依然生产黑白胶片。
• The park in winter is a depressing monochrome brown. 冬季公园里是一片令人抑郁的单调棕色。
UK ['mɒn.ə.krəʊm] US ['mɑ:.nə.kroʊm] adjective
BORING 沉闷的 mainly UK not interesting or exciting 单调的，乏味的
• a monochrome, dreary existence 单调沉闷的生活
n. [光] 单色；单色画
 - homochromatism, solid color
adj. [光] 单色的；黑白的
 - unicolor, homochromous

Word: modulate
Front: modulate
[ˈmɒdjuleɪt] (六托宝 16415/15884)
Vocabulary: modulate
(once / 2649 pages)
v
Is your friend's voice so high-pitched that people are starting to stare? Sweetly ask, "Can you modulate your voice, please? To modulate is to change the pitch of something.
You can modulate things other than sound — it still refers to something that's being adjusted. Schools might modulate the number of students in the hallways at the same time by having each grade level start and end each at a different time. Traffic lights can modulate the number of cars that pass through an intersection in a certain interval. Computer modems modulate signals to allow computers to transfer information. In fact, modem gets its name from modulate/demodulate.
WORD FAMILY
modulate: demodulate, modulated, modulates, modulating, modulation +/demodulate: demodulator/modulated: unmodulated/ modulation: demodulation, modulations
USAGE EXAMPLES
This is the spirit of dissent, whether beautifully modulated or off the cuff.
Slate(Dec 26, 2016)
How do you extend joy, modulate it, introduce variations, without diminishing it?
Slate(Dec 22, 2016)
So one option is to develop medicines based on molecules that modulate these regulatory pathways.
Nature(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: v. 调整; 调制; 调节; 变调
时态：modulated, modulating, modulates
分布：调整(84%)，变调(16%)
→来自module,模块，单元，-ate,使。即使模块化，单元化，引申词义调节，调整。
调整,调节(mod+ulate→对模式进行调整→调整)[mod=mode,manner,表示"方式,模式,风度"]
US ['mɑ:.dʒə-] verb transitive
VOICE 声音
■to change the style, loudness, etc. of something such as your voice in order to achieve an effect or express an emotion 改变（嗓音）的音量（或音质等），调节（声音）
• His gentle introductory tone modulates into a football coach's pre-game pep talk. 他语气温和的开场白变成了足球教练赛前鼓舞士气的慷慨陈词。
UK ['mɒd.jʊ.leɪt] US ['mɑ:.dʒə-] verb transitive
PLAN/PROCESS 计划／过程 formal
■to change something, such as an action or a process, to make it more suitable for its situation 调节，调整
• An elected committee will meet monthly to modulate the council's energy policy. 一个选举产生的委员会将每月碰面以调整市政会的能源政策。
UK ['mɒd.jʊ.leɪt] US ['mɑ:.dʒə-] verb transitive
BROADCASTING 广播 specialized
■to mix an electrical signal which represents sounds or pictures with a radio signal so that it can be broadcast 调制（无线电波）；调谐
vt. 调节；（信号）调制；调整
 - regulate, coordinate

Word: nomadism
Front: nomadism
[nəʊ'mædɪzəm] None
Back: n. 游牧生活，流浪生活
分布：游牧(75%)，流浪(25%)
n. 游牧；流浪
 - vagrancy, vagabondage

Word: null
Front: null
[nʌl] (托雅 15008/12712)
Vocabulary: null
(once / 1273 pages)
adjn
Null means having no value; in other words null is zero, like if you put so little sugar in your coffee that it’s practically null. Null also means invalid, or having no binding force.
From the Latin nullus, meaning "not any," poor, powerless null is not actually there at all. Or if it was, it’s gone now. Because null is basically nothing, zip, zilch, nada, and nix. What could be worse? Maybe being "null and void," which is a legal term making something really, really null. Null is the base of the word nullify, which means to make something invalid or to cancel something out.
WORD FAMILY
null: nullity, nulls+/nullity: nullities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Of all possible outcomes in this case, a null result was among the most likely.
Slate(Dec 07, 2016)
Despite Welch’s null hypothesis, some conspiracy theorists still appear to believe Comet is a front.
Salon(Dec 07, 2016)
These flaws are nearly drowned out, though, by the upside of the music, played with propulsive authority by musical director Jake Null’s six-piece rock band.
Washington Post(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: adj. <术>零值的; 等于零的; （协议） 无法律效力; 失效的
时态：nulled, nulling, nulls
分布：空(78%)，零(14%)，无效的(5%)，无价值的(1%)，无效力的(1%)，使无效(1%)
无效的,等于零的[null=none,表示"没有"]
PHRASE
(协议、宣言或选举结果)无法律效力的，无效的
If an agreement, a declaration, or the result of an election is null and void, it is not legally valid.
例：A spokeswoman said the agreement had been declared null and void...女发言人称该协议已宣布无效。
例：The declaration was null and void as it was proclaimed in completely illegal circumstances.该声明无效，因为它是在完全非法的情况下宣布的。
adj. 无效的，无价值的；等于零的
 - useless, ineffective
n. 零， [数] 空
 - nothing, nought

Word: ostentation
Front: ostentation
[ˌɒstenˈteɪʃn] (雅宝 30755/32895)
Vocabulary: ostentation
(once / 1028 pages)
n
Ostentation is a pretentious or showy display (gaudy or flashy), usually designed to attract attention. Ostentation is a woman in a fur coat, covered in diamond jewelry, boarding a gold-plated private jet.
The noun ostentation stems from the Latin word ostentationem, meaning "vain display." It is often associated with material items that showcase one's wealth and luxury. Ostentation might come to the minds of the other parents if you drive a Lamborghini to drop your kids off at school. A movie star's gas-guzzling, 400-foot yacht may also be considered by many as a symbol of ostentation.
WORD FAMILY
ostentation: ostentations, ostentatious +/ostentate: ostentation / ostentatious: ostentatiously, ostentatiousness, unostentatious/unostentatious: unostentatiously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Most of the new generation of writing accouterments highlights quiet style over ostentation.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 15, 2016)
Philip Hammond, though friendly with Mrs May and outspoken on Brexit, eschews the imperial ostentations of most of his recent predecessors.
Economist(Dec 15, 2016)
Silverton has always shunned ostentation, celebrating her love of plebeian ingredients such as iceberg lettuce and popcorn, not to mention her passion for burgers.
Washington Post(Oct 24, 2016)
Back: n. 摆阔; 讲排场; 炫耀; 卖弄
分布：炫耀(35%)，卖弄(30%)，虚饰(26%)，讲排场(9%)
→os-,向前，朝向，-tent,伸出，延展，词源同extend,tense,content.引申词义炫耀，卖弄。
夸示的;虚饰的[ostens=appear(出现)]
US [ˌɑ:.stən-] disapproving
noun uncountable
■the quality of being ostentatious 炫耀；卖弄
• Her luxurious lifestyle and personal ostentation were both hated and envied. 她奢侈的生活方式和自我炫耀令人又恨又妒。
n. 卖弄；虚饰；虚有其表
 - hotdogger, frills

Word: oceanographic
Front: oceanographic
[əʊʃɪənəʊ'græfɪk] (23308/35988)
Back: adj. 海洋学的，有关海洋学的

Word: perseus

Word: phenomenally
Front: phenomenally
[fəˈnɒmɪnəli] (托 23802/32657)
Back: adv. 现象上地，明白地
分布：现象上地(50%)，明白地(50%)
adv. 现象上地；明白地；从感官认识到
 - explicitly, plainly

Word: personhood
Front: personhood
['pɜ:snhʊd] (20240/47862)
Back: n. 做人，人格
分布：人格(61%)，做人(39%)
n. 做人；人格；个性
 - kidney, individuality

Word: overstaff

Word: piraeus
Front: piraeus
[paiˈri:əs,piˈrei-] (-/39939)
Back: 比雷埃夫斯（希腊东南部港市）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: placenta
Front: placenta
[pləˈsentə] (19963/21927)
Vocabulary: placenta
(once / 8510 pages)
n
The organ that provides nourishment to developing fetuses before they're born is called a placenta. Most mammals get their nutrients from their mother through the placenta until birth; then they have to look elsewhere...
The placenta is commonly called the afterbirth, since it's expelled from the mother's body after a baby is born. A placenta has the unique position of acting as a temporary organ, growing along with the fetus (or fetuses) it feeds, but completely unnecessary after birth. Human placentas are round and flat, and maybe that's why they got their name from the Latin for "cake," placenta.
WORD FAMILY
placenta: placentae, placental, placentas, placentation+/placental: placentals, transplacental
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the womb, the placenta acts as the fetus’ lungs.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
A South Korean study in 2008 said women who received placenta extracts showed improvement in menopausal symptoms linked to reduced oestrogen levels.
Reuters(Dec 16, 2016)
CDC scientists found that Zika virus RNA persisted in fetal brains and in placentas for more than seven months after the mothers contracted Zika.
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 胎盘，胎座
分布：胎盘(97%)，胎座(3%)
→来自现代拉丁语placenta uterina,胎盘，来自placenta,面饼，糕饼，来自plak,平的，来自pele,展开，放平，词源同plan,place.因胎盘形如一个平的面饼而得名。
US [-tˌə] (plural placentas or placentae) specialized
noun countable
■the temporary organ which feeds a foetus (= developing baby) inside its mother's womb 胎盘
n. [胚] 胎盘； [植] 胎座
 - maza

Word: pontificate
Front: pontificate
[pɒnˈtɪfɪkeɪt] (宝 27260/30541)
Vocabulary: pontificate
(once / 8628 pages)
vn
To pontificate is to talk in a dogmatic and pompous manner. To pontificate properly, you need to be a know-it-all with very strong opinions and the urge to share them.
Pontificate comes from the French word pontiff, another word for the Pope, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church. As a verb (pronounced pon-TIF-i-kate), it meant "to perform the functions of the Pope or other high official in the Church." The noun pontificate (pronounced pon-TIF-i-kit) refers to the government of the Roman Catholic Church. Another word for this is the papacy.
WORD FAMILY
pontificate: pontificated, pontificates, pontificating+/pontifex: pontifexes, pontificate, pontifices
USAGE EXAMPLES
However the pope doesn’t summon him to a cathedral, but to a battlefield – barking military orders one minute and pontificating on art the next.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
This is not a book to be a stickler about; that would be like pontificating about microbrews instead of just getting drunk.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
The same aloofness marks the rest of Benedict’s account, from his start as a young-turk theologian to the tumultuous years of his pontificate.
The New Yorker(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 教皇的职位，主教的地位
vi. 装作教皇的说话
时态：pontificated, pontificating, pontificates
分布：武断地或自封为权威地谈论某事物(100%)
→来自拉丁语pontifex,主祭司，教皇，词源同pontiff,-ate,动词后缀。比喻用法。
【记】pon胖，tifi踢飞，cat猫，e：一个胖教皇踢飞一只猫－自大武断
【反】speak modestly（谦虚地说）；comment tentatively（试验性地评论）speak diffidently（缺乏自信地说）
US [pɑːn-] disapproving
■to speak or write and give your opinion about something as if you knew everything about it and as if only your opinion was correct 自以为是地发表意见；发表武断的意见
• I think it should be illegal for non-parents to pontificate on/about parenting. 我认为没有做过父母的人是没有资格自以为是地大谈为人父母之道的。
noun countable UK [pɒnˈtɪf.ɪ.kət] US [pɑːn-] formal
■the period of office of a pope (= leader of the Roman Catholic Church) 教皇任期
• The decision was made during the pontificate of Pope John XX. 这个决定是在教皇约翰二十世任期内作出的。

Word: profiteer
Front: profiteer
[ˌprɒfɪ'tɪər] (宝 28703/37981)
Vocabulary: profiteer
(once / 8510 pages)
nv
To profiteer is to take advantage of a situation or a person in order to make money. A landlord might profiteer during a housing shortage by doubling rents.
When you profiteer, you don't just profit — you profit more than you should at the expense of someone else. You can also call a person who does this a profiteer. Profiteers famously take advantage of things like scarce food or ongoing conflicts to make a lot of money. The word existed but wasn't commonly used in English until World War I, when journalists started talking about "war profiteers" who benefited financially from shortages and desperation.
WORD FAMILY
profiteer: profiteered, profiteering, profiteers+/ nonprofit: nonprofits/ profit: nonprofit, profitable, profited, profiteer, profiting, profitless, profits, profitting/ profitable: profitability, profitableness, profitabler, profitablest, profitably, unprofitable/profitless: profitlessly/unprofitable: unprofitability, unprofitableness, unprofitably
USAGE EXAMPLES
Perhaps this profiteering on the pain of working families is yet another reason why he refuses to show his taxes.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
The A.C.L.U. objects to private prisons as a matter of principle, he said, adding that they engage in “profiteering.”
New York Times(Dec 03, 2016)
Mr Modi has painted his critics as whiny profiteers who are running scared of his crusade.
Economist(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: vi. 投机，牟求暴利
n. [贸易] 奸商; 牟取暴利的人
时态：profiteered, profiteering, profiteers
分布：牟取暴利(51%)，奸商(38%)，获暴利的人(11%)
牟取暴利者(profit利润)[-eer表名词"…人员"]
【记】源于：profit（n 利润）
US [ˌprɑ:.fɪ'tɪr] disapproving
noun countable
■a person who takes advantage of a situation in which other people are suffering to make a profit, often by selling at a high price goods which are difficult to get （进行投机手段等）牟取暴利的人；投机商
• a war profiteer 发战争财的人
vi. 赚大钱；牟取暴利
 - make a killing, seek excessive profits
n. [贸易] 奸商；牟取暴利的人
 - sharp-shooter

Word: rater
Front: rater
['reɪtə] (17475/-)
Back: n. 定价人
分布：估价人(50%)，某一等级之人或物(50%)
n. 估价者；评定等级的人
 - valuer, quoter

Word: primal
Front: primal
[ˈpraɪml] (托 11733/13028 -1)
Vocabulary: primal
(once / 2498 pages)
adj
The adjective primal describes something that's essential or basic, like the primal urge to protect yourself and your family from harm.
The Latin root of primal is primus, which means first. If your friend talks about his primal self, he means the most basic, important part of who he is. You can think of this as a first priority, just as the primal urges of all animals is survival. Primal can also describe something that's original, or at its earliest stage, like a primal or primeval forest, the most ancient example of that kind of terrain.
WORD FAMILY
primal: primality, primally+/primality: primalities
USAGE EXAMPLES
He’s attracted to her “wildly freestyle” spirit and “primal, instinctive energy,” he said, a contrast to his own more controlled manner.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 17, 2016)
After Donald Trump’s election, some universities echoed with primal howls.
Seattle Times(Dec 16, 2016)
“Hopefully there’s a real emotional catharsis that is more primal than intellectual.”
The Guardian(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 第一的，最初的; 原始的; 首位的，主要的; 根本的
分布：原始的(58%)，最初的(30%)，主要的(12%)
→来自prime,第一的，最初的，首要的，-al,形容词后缀。
adjective [before noun]
■relating to the time when human life on Earth began 最初的，原始的
• The universe evolved from a densely packed primal inferno. 宇宙是从原始的炽热混沌状态演变而来的。
■formal
■basic and connected with an early stage of development 基本的，根本的；原始的
• a primal urge to connect with nature 与自然相通的原始冲动
• primal fears 本能的恐惧
adj. 原始的；主要的；最初的
 - original, major, central, premier, leading
vt. 释放（被压抑的童年情绪）
 - deliver, free, unhold

Word: postscript
Front: postscript
[ˈpəʊstskrɪpt] (雅宝 24579/13246)
Vocabulary: postscript
(once / 2931 pages)
n
A postscript is text added at the end of a book or other document. Your textbook is so long that by the time you finish it, you're too exhausted to read the postscript.
Postscript comes from the Latin word postscribere, with post meaning after and scribere meaning to write. A postscript especially refers to a note added after the signature of a letter. In this use, it's often abbreviated as P.S. A mother's favorite thing might be getting a letter from her kid at camp that says, "I love you, Mom," especially if there is a postscript adding hugs and kisses, written this way: "P.S. XOXOXOXOX."
WORD FAMILY
postscript: postscripts+/prescript: prescripts/rescript: rescripts/ script: postscript, prescript, rescript, scripted, scripting, scripts, scriptural, subscript/scripted: unscripted/scriptural: scripturally/subscript: subscripts
USAGE EXAMPLES
These are the Postscripts that we ran this year on newyorker.com, arranged chronologically.
The New Yorker(Dec 27, 2016)
The documentary features a postscript addressing Donald Trump’s victory, with Davis sharing his thoughts on the future.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
And to say what a pleasure it is to have “The Boxdale Inheritance” and its three siblings as postscripts to James’s oeuvre.
Washington Post(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: n. （信末签名后的）附言，又及; （正文后的）补充说明
分布：附笔(100%)
→post-,在后，-script,写，词源同description.
(信等)附言(post后+script→写在后面→附言)[scrib,script=write,表示"写"]
【记】post后，script写－后记
US ['poʊst-] noun countable (abbreviation PS)
■a short remark or message added to the bottom of a letter after you have signed your name, usually introduced by the abbreviation PS （信末签名后的）附笔，又及
• There was the usual romantic postscript at the end of his letter - PS I love you. 他的信末又是一贯浪漫的附笔——附： 我爱你。
■any written or spoken addition to something already finished （正文后的）附言，补充说明
• As a postscript to that story I told you last week, it turned out that the woman was his sister-in-law. 对上周我跟你讲的那件事补充一句，那个女人原来是他妻子的妹妹。

Word: relive
Front: relive
[ˌri:ˈlɪv] (10823/13928 -1)
Back: vt. （在想像中）重新过…的生活，再经历
时态：relived, reliving, relives
分布：再生(78%)，再次经历(22%)
→re-,再，重新，live,活，生活。
verb transitive
■to remember clearly an experience that happened in the past 重温；对…记忆犹新；回味
• Whenever I smell burning, I relive the final moments of the crash. 一闻到东西烧焦的味道，我就觉得好像又回到了那次撞车事故中最后几分钟的场景中。
vt. 再体验
 - recapture
vi. 复活；再生
 - come back to life again, resurge

Word: reboot
Front: reboot
[ˌri:ˈbu:t] (27449/47272)
Vocabulary: reboot
(once / 23734 pages)
v
To reboot is to reload the operating system of a computer: to start it up again.
Booting is starting a computer's operating system, so rebooting is to start it for a second or third time. Rebooting is usually necessary after a computer crashes, meaning it stops working because of a malfunction. Rebooting allows the computer to restart and get back to working normally. After a crash, the computer is useless until you reboot. This word has been extended to other types of second beginnings: when a movie series (like Spider-Man) starts over, it has been rebooted.
WORD FAMILY
reboot: rebooted, rebooting, reboots+/ boot: booted, booting, bootless, boots, reboot /bootless: bootlessly
USAGE EXAMPLES
George Miller, who directed other “Mad Max” films, was at the helm of this reboot, starring Tom Hardy and Charlize Theron.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
There were a few underwhelming reboots and sequels this year, both in quality and box office returns.
Seattle Times(Dec 31, 2016)
With the exception of superhero origin stories “Logan” and “Wonder Woman,” the list is comprised of either sequels or reboots of earlier films.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. 重新启动
时态：rebooted, rebooting, reboots
分布：重新启动(95%)，再引导(5%)
→re-,再，重新，boot,启动。
verb intransitive or transitive
■When a computer reboots, it switches off and then starts again immediately, and when you reboot a computer, you make it do this. （使）重新启动（当电脑重新启动时，它关闭后立即再次启动；当你重新启动电脑时，你就使电脑这样操作）
vt. 重新启动；再发动
 - reinitialize, restart

Word: rectangular
Front: rectangular
[rek'tæŋɡjələ(r)] (六托 9527/8012)
Back: adj. <数> 矩形的; 成直角的; 直角坐标的; 长方
分布：长方形的(58%)，矩形的(36%)，直角的(6%)
US [-gjə.lɚ] adjective
 ADVANCED
■shaped like a rectangle 长方形的；矩形的
adj. [数] 矩形的；成直角的
 - quartering

Word: recital
Front: recital
[rɪˈsaɪtl] (托雅宝 11952/12076 -1)
Vocabulary: recital
(once / 1094 pages)
1n 2n
The hardest part about piano lessons is having to give a recital, or to demonstrate what you've learned in front of an audience.
You can also use the noun recital to describe the telling of a story. Your uncle might be famous for boring people at parties with his recital of youthful Boy Scout adventures, for example. In the 1500s, recital was strictly a legal term, the "statement of relevant facts," but the musical meaning had come into use by the 1800s. The root is the Latin word recitare, "repeat from memory."
WORD FAMILY
recital: recitalist, recitals+/recitalist: recitalists/ recitation: recitations/ recite: recital, recitation, recited, reciter, recites, reciting/reciter: reciters
USAGE EXAMPLES
This festive recital from Boston’s superb early-music choir is the thinking listener’s Christmas program.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Never deliver a medical monologue, or as he puts it, “leave the organ recitals for the concert hall.”
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Informative notes, and full texts and translations, accompany this captivating recital by a significant talent.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 独唱会; 独奏会; 小型音乐会、舞蹈表演会等; 一系列事件等的详述
分布：独奏会(52%)，独唱会(20%)，详述(12%)，背诵(11%)，吟诵(5%)
→来自 recite,背诵，朗诵。
背诵;独奏(recite+al)[cit=quote,call,表示"引用,唤起"]
【记】源于：recite（v 背诵），re重新，cite引－重新引出一背诵
【参】incite（v 激动；煽动）；recitalist（n 独奏家）
US [-tˌəl] noun countable
■a performance of music or poetry, usually given by one person or a small group of people （通常指单人或一小群人表演的）独奏会，朗诵会
• I went to a violin recital today. 我今天听了一场小提琴独奏会。
• He is giving a recital of Bach's sonatas. 他将举办巴赫奏鸣曲个人演奏会。
■a detailed description of something or a list of things 详述；列举
• She gave us a long, boring recital of all her troubles. 她不停地跟我们念叨她所有的烦心事，真烦人。
n. 朗诵，吟诵；独奏会；背诵；独唱会
 - oral reading, repetition

Word: sanskrit

Word: rhinoceros
Front: rhinoceros
[raɪˈnɒsərəs] (托 22710/24164)
Back: n. 犀牛; 脸皮和犀牛皮一样厚
分布：犀牛(100%)
→rhin,鼻子，-cer,角，词源同 horn.因这种动物鼻子如角而得名。
犀牛[rhin=nose(鼻子)]
US [-'nɑ:.sɚ-] (plural rhinoceros or rhinoceroses) (informal rhino)
noun countable
■a very large thick-skinned animal from Africa or Asia, which has one or two horns on its nose 犀牛
• a population of black/white rhinoceros 黑／白犀牛种群

Word: ruddy
Front: ruddy
[ˈrʌdi] (宝 16676/16588 -1)
Vocabulary: ruddy
(once / 905 pages)
adj
Ruddy is used to describe something that is reddish — like the color of red hair, tomatoes, or your cheeks on a cold winter's day.
Ruddy is commonly used to describe someone's complexion. In this case, it describes a healthy, reddish glow. Your skin might have a ruddy tone from working outside. You may hear someone use ruddy as a negative adjective, as well. In Britain it is a substitute for words like bloody or darn: "The ruddy door is stuck again. I'm going to take an axe to it!"
WORD FAMILY
ruddy: ruddier, ruddiest, ruddily, ruddiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Karen Ruddy told county commissioners that new computer software is a mess.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
And at last, on the ruddy faces of the five spectators, faint smiles appeared.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
Rick Minns, nicknamed Ruddy Muddy, creates his works of arts in the mud, grease and dust on unwashed vans.
BBC(Dec 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 红润的，血色好的; 〈俚〉可恶的
adv. 非常
vt. 使变红
级别：ruddier, ruddiest
分布：红润的(55%)，红的(45%)
adjective
■red 红色的，发红的；红润的
• He was ruddy-cheeked from the walk in the cold. 大冷天他在外面走，脸冻得红红的。
• Her face was ruddy and healthy-looking. 她脸色红润，看上去很健康。
['rʌd.i] adjective [before noun] adverb UK old-fashioned informal
■used to avoid saying bloody to express anger （用于代替 bloody，表示气愤或恼怒）可恶的，讨厌的，该死的
• "Ruddy hell!" “该死的！”
adj. 红的；红润的
 - beet-faced, ruber
adv. 极度；非常
 - extremely, badly, highly, greatly, too
vt. 使变红
 - redden
vi. 变红
 - go red, redden

Word: ricin
Front: ricin
[ˈraɪsɪn] (31352/-)
Back: n. 篦麻毒素，篦麻蛋白
分布：篦麻毒素(100%)
→来自拉丁语 ricinus,蓖麻。后用于指蓖麻毒素。
noun uncountable
■a poisonous powder obtained from the bean of the castor oil plant 蓖麻毒素，蓖麻毒蛋白（从蓖麻籽中提取的有毒粉末）

Word: sentient
Front: sentient
[ˈsentiənt] (宝 16780/33396)
Vocabulary: sentient
(once / 5160 pages)
adj
Someone sentient is able to feel things, or sense them. Sentient usually occurs in phrases like "sentient beings" and "sentient creatures," making it clear that things that don’t have life don’t have feelings. Explain that to a pet rock.
Sentient comes from the Latin sentient-, "feeling," and it describes things that are alive, able to feel and perceive, and show awareness or responsiveness. Having senses makes something sentient, or able to smell, communicate, touch, see, or hear. Whether or not plants and living things other than animals and people are sentient depends on whom you ask.
WORD FAMILY
sentient: insentient, sentience, sentiency, sentiently+/insentient: insentience
USAGE EXAMPLES
She is a sentient being who grips the gilt-edged rim and stares into the ewer’s depths like a priestess awaiting divination from the gods.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
One sentient branch of the tree of life is descended from the animals that crawled onto dry land hundreds of millions of years ago.
Economist(Dec 15, 2016)
Bernard has taken his own “life” after becoming sentient.
Time(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 有感觉能力的; 有知觉力的
分布：有感情的(53%)，有知觉的(47%)
→来自拉丁语 sentire,感觉，感知，词源同 sense.-ent,形容词后缀。
有知觉的(sent感觉+I+ent)[-ent 1.表示形容词"…的"2.表名词"…药剂"3.表名词"…人"]
【记】sent感觉，ient－有感觉的
【参】sentimental（adj 感伤性的）
【反】unconscious（adj 不省人事的；无意识的）
['sen.tɪ.ənt] ['sen.tʃənt] formal
adjective
■able to experience physical and possibly emotional feelings 有知觉力的；有感觉力的
• It is hard for a sentient person to understand how any parents could treat their child so badly. 通人情的人很难理解一些父母怎么能如此虐待自己的孩子。
adj. 有感情的；有感觉力的；意识到的
 - aware, conscious

Word: shifty
Front: shifty
[ˈʃɪfti] (24677/21979)
Vocabulary: shifty
(once / 5949 pages)
adj
To be shifty is to be sneaky and devious. Shifty behavior is untrustworthy.
Sometimes people shift around when they're nervous. That can help you remember the meaning of shifty, which describes someone who may not be literally shifting around, but they’re acting in a way that makes you think they're up to no good. Lying is shifty behavior. A fake ID is shifty. Asking a lot of questions about where money is kept is shifty too. Shifty actions and words are deceitful or suspicious. When someone acts shifty, others distrust them.
WORD FAMILY
shifty: shiftier, shiftiest, shiftily, shiftiness+/ shift: shifted, shifter, shifting, shiftless, shifts, shifty /shifter: shifters/ shifting: shiftingly, shiftings/shiftless: shiftlesser, shiftlessly, shiftlessness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Last week , the Packers had eight hits on shifty Colts quarterback Andrew Luck.
Washington Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Used-car salesmen have a stereotype, valid or not, for being shifty, sleazy types exploiting a don’t-tell approach to problems with their goods.
Washington Post(Oct 21, 2016)
Navy’s running game is tricky, shifty and just about unstoppable for teams not accustomed to chasing the quarterback, fullback and slotback all over the field.
Washington Times(Oct 22, 2016)
Back: adj. <非正>看着不可靠的，贼眉鼠眼的，显得心里有鬼的; 善于应变
级别：shiftier, shiftiest
分布：诡诈的(67%)，多变的(20%)，不可靠的(13%)
→shift,转移，-y,形容词后缀。比喻用法。
adjective
■looking or seeming dishonest （看起来）不老实的，诡诈的
• He's got shifty eyes. 他的眼睛贼溜溜的。
• You're looking very shifty. What have you been up to? 你看起来鬼鬼祟祟的。你想干甚么?
• There's a couple of shifty -looking people standing on the street corner. 街角站着几个贼头贼脑的人。
adj. 变化的；诡诈的；机智的
 - changed, sliding, varying, metabolic, variational

Word: rumple
Front: rumple
[ˈrʌmpl] (宝 20081/34675)
Vocabulary: rumple
(once / 3885 pages)
v
To mess something up or disarrange it is to rumple it. Even if you make your bed neatly in the morning, your dog might jump up and rumple it as soon as you leave for school.
When you take something smooth or neat and make it wrinkled or crumpled, you rumple it. A dad might have the annoying habit of always wanting to rumple his son's perfectly combed hair, for example. And if you fall asleep in your tuxedo, you'll rumple it too. Experts think that rumple started as a variation on the now-obsolete verb rimple, "to wrinkle."
WORD FAMILY
rumple: rumpled, rumples, rumpling
USAGE EXAMPLES
Williams plays his ex-wife; she is sassy, rumpled, no-nonsense, with splotchy roots.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
That was the night that, in a gesture that for some viewers said more about the host than the guest, Fallon rumpled Trump's hair.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 18, 2016)
He wore a faded green polo with a rumpled collar, lightly patterned across the midsection with dark bands of drying sweat.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 弄皱，使凌乱
n. 褶纹，皱褶
时态：rumpled, rumpling, rumples
分布：弄皱(44%)，弄乱(28%)，皱褶(14%)，皱纹(14%)
→来自古英语 hrympel,弄皱，来自 Proto-Germanic*hrimp,卷起，弯起，来自 sker,弯，转， 收缩，词源同 ring,ramp,rampage.
【记】源于：ruffle（v 弄皱；n 皱边）
【反】preen（v 把自己打扮漂亮）；glaze（v 使表面光滑）
verb transitive
■to make something become creased (= not smooth) or untidy 弄皱；弄乱；使凌乱
• You'll rumple your jacket if you don't hang it up properly. 你要是不把你的外套挂好，它就会起皱的。
vt. 弄皱；弄得乱七八糟
 - crush, crumple
vi. 弄皱；变凌乱
 - rivel
n. 皱褶；皱纹
 - goffer, rugosity

Word: spangle
Front: spangle
[ˈspæŋgl] (托宝 31956/38446)
Vocabulary: spangle
(once / 2554 pages)
nv
Do you like your outfits to have flair? A little sparkle? Then you're probably a fan of spangles, or small, shiny decorative things like sequins.
Vegas showgirls and beauty queens know all about spangle. Their outfits are usually covered in the sequins, crystals, golden beads and sparkly frills that are all considered kinds of spangles. And if you want to use spangle as a verb, go right ahead — as in, "all that glitter certainly makes those showgirls spangle up on stage."
WORD FAMILY
spangle: spangled, spangles, spangling, spangly
USAGE EXAMPLES
She will sing hits, she will wear spangles — and she will be nervous.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Franklin’s “Star Spangled Banner” clocked in at 4-minutes, 35 seconds on Thursday.
Seattle Times(Nov 25, 2016)
These are silk button spangle galls, and each has a minute larva inside, which will develop during winter.
The Guardian(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: n. 闪光的饰片，小而亮的东西
vt. 用闪光饰片等小物件布满或装饰某物，使闪烁发光
时态：spangled, spangling, spangles
分布：镶金属小片(50%)，闪光金属片(50%)
→来自中古英语 spang,闪光装饰，闪光金属片，来自古英语 spang,扣子，夹子，词源同 span, 扎牢，绑紧。-le,小词后缀。
【记】s死pang胖le乐：死胖子乐－穿在身上的金属亮片就闪闪发光
noun countable
■a small piece of shiny metal or plastic, used especially in large amounts to decorate clothes; a sequin （尤指衣服上装饰用的）闪光金属片，闪光塑胶片

Word: sire
Front: sire
[ˈsaɪə(r)] (24753/22353 -1)
Vocabulary: sire
(once / 392 pages)
nv
A sire is an animal's father. A newborn foal might look very much like his sire, with a white stripe on his brown face.
Every once in a while, the word sire is used for a human — your dad is your sire — but it's much more common to find this word describing an animal's male parent. It's also a verb, meaning "to father," as in "My prize pig sires the cutest piglets." In the old days, you'd also use sire to directly address a nobleman or a king. It comes from the Latin word senior, "elder."
WORD FAMILY
sire: sired, sires, siring
USAGE EXAMPLES
Police are now at the sire of the emergency, which can only be reached overland because of poor visibility.
The Guardian(Nov 29, 2016)
Castro bore little of that attachment to his own family, despite siring nine children.
Time(Nov 26, 2016)
Survivors include the thousands of children he sired, all male, each by a different woman.
Washington Post(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. 陛下，大人; 男性祖先; 雄性牲畜
vt. 做…的父亲，生产
时态：sired, siring, sires
分布：产生(56%)，雄性种兽(44%)
→来自 sir 对词形式，古代用于对国王的称呼。
US [saɪr] noun countable
FATHER 父亲
■a male parent of an animal, especially a horse 雄性种兽；（尤指）种马
UK [saɪər] US [saɪr] noun countable
KING 国王 old use
■used as a form of address to a king 陛下
• I will serve you always, sire. 我将永远为您效劳，陛下。
UK [saɪər] US [saɪr] verb transitive
■to become the male parent of an animal or the father of a child （雄性动物）繁殖；成为（孩子）的父亲
• The foal was sired by a cup-winning racehorse. 那匹马的父亲是一匹获得过奖杯的赛马。
• old use or humorous At the age of 70, he married a much younger woman and went on to sire two more children. 70岁时，他和一个比他年轻许多的女子结婚并且又生了两个孩子。
n. 陛下；大人；男性祖先；雄性亲畜
 - Huzoor, Monsignor
vt. 做…的父亲；生产
 - produce, turn out

Word: slop
Front: slop
[slɒp] (22921/21211 -1)
Back: vi. 溢出，泼出; 在泥浆（或雪泥）中走
vt. （液体）晃出; 使（某物）溢出或泼出; 休息，放松，偷懒
n. 污水; 粪便与废水; 宽松的罩衣; 剩菜屑
时态：slopped, slopping, slops
分布：溢出(46%)，溅出(36%)，排泄物(9%)，感情迸发(9%)
→来自辅音丛 sl-,黏滑的，淤泥的，泥浆的，比较 slop,slosh,slough,sludge.用于指泔水，剩饭菜。
US [slɑ:p] verb intransitive or transitive [+ adv/prep] (-pp-)
■to cause a liquid to flow over the edge of a container through not taking care or making a rough movement （使液体）晃荡；（使）溢出，溅出
• Careful, you've just slopped coffee all over the carpet! 小心，你刚才把咖啡溅得地毯上到处都是！
• Water slopped out of the bucket as he carried it up the stairs. 他拎着水桶上楼的时候，水溅了出来。
UK [slɒp] US [slɑ:p] verb intransitive or transitive [+ adv/prep] (-pp-)
  Phrasal Verbs  slop about/around informal
■to relax and do very little 放松，无所事事
• Jeans are all right just for slopping around the house, but I don't wear them for work. 在家里没事时穿牛仔裤还可以，但我上班不穿。
UK [slɒp] US [slɑ:p] verb intransitive or transitive [+ adv/prep] (-pp-)
  Phrasal Verbs  slop out UK
■When prisoners slop out, they empty the containers they use as toilets during the night in the rooms where they sleep. （囚犯）倒马桶
UK [slɒp] US [slɑ:p] noun
uncountable informal disapproving
■food that is more liquid than it should be and is therefore unpleasant 流体味差的食物
• Have you tried the slop that they call curry in the canteen? 你吃过食堂里他们称作咖喱饭的那个软呼呼的东西了吗?
slops [plural] (also slop)
■liquid or wet food waste, especially that which is fed to animals （残液；尤指喂食动物的）馊水，剩饭菜
• We feed the slops to the pigs. 我们把馊水拿来喂猪。
• There's a tray under each tap to catch the beer slops. 每个水龙头下都有一个盘子来接溢出的啤酒。
vt. 溢出，使溅出
 - flood, spill over
vi. 溅出；泼洒
 - spill out

Word: smudge
Front: smudge
[smʌdʒ] (宝 15864/20510 -1)
Back: vt. 弄脏; 使冒浓烟; 使模糊; 用浓烟熏
vi. 被弄脏; 形成污迹
n. 污点，污迹; 浓烟; 冒浓烟的火堆; 模糊的字迹
时态：smudged, smudging, smudges
分布：污点(80%)，浓烟(12%)，渍痕(8%)
→来自动词 smogen,弄脏，弄黑，玷污，可能来自 sme,涂抹，词源同 smear.拼写受-dge 影 响俗化。
【记】s死mud泥巴ge哥哥：哥哥死在泥巴里面－弄脏
noun countable
■a mark with no particular shape that is caused, usually by accident, by rubbing something such as ink or a dirty finger across a surface （擦拭后留下的）污迹，污痕
• Her hands were covered in dust and she had a black smudge on her nose. 她的手上沾满了灰尘，鼻子上也有黑漆漆的一块。
• figurative She said we were nearly there, but the island was still no more than a distant smudge on the horizon. 她说我们快到了，但那个岛依然只是地平线上遥远的一个小黑点。
[smʌdʒ] verb intransitive or transitive
■If ink, paint, etc. smudges or if someone smudges it, it becomes dirty or not clear because someone or something has touched it （墨迹、画作等）被弄脏，被弄模糊；把…弄脏
• She was crying and her mascara had smudged. 她正在哭，睫毛膏都哭花了。
vt. 弄脏，涂污；用浓烟熏
 - soil, mud, spot, dirty
vi. 被弄脏；形成污迹
 - smear
n. 污点，污迹；烟熏火堆
 - jaup, tainture

Word: socratic
Front: socratic
[sɔˈkrætik] (23836/40299)
Back: n. （古希腊哲学家）苏格拉底的信徒
adj. 苏格拉底（哲学）的
分布：苏格拉底的信徒(40%)，苏格拉底的(40%)，苏格拉底问答法的(20%)

Word: sprinkler
Front: sprinkler
[ˈsprɪŋklə(r)] (13261/20891)
Vocabulary: sprinkler
(once / 15951 pages)
n
A sprinkler is a garden device that sprays water onto your grass or plants. You can attach a small lawn sprinkler to a hose in your yard when your flowers are looking droopy.
Sprinklers are mainly used to irrigate, or provide water, to plants. There are complex systems of sprinklers that can be installed in the ground for a large area, like a public park or an estate's acres of lawns. The more common type of sprinkler hooks up to a hose and can be moved wherever it's needed — including in the middle of a yard for kids to run through in their bathing suits.
WORD FAMILY
sprinkler: sprinklers+/ sprinkle: sprinkled, sprinkler, sprinkles, sprinkling/sprinkling: sprinklings
USAGE EXAMPLES
The building contains 24 units and was equipped with sprinklers.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
There were no signs of sprinklers, fire extinguishers or a second exit.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 31, 2016)
“The fire sprinklers were not installed in the proper locations,” he said.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: n. 洒水器，喷洒器; （建筑物内的）自动喷水灭火装置
分布：洒水车(78%)，洒水装置(22%)
→sprinkle,撒，洒，喷，-er,表物。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a piece of equipment for putting water onto fires in a lot of small drops to put them out 撒水灭火装置
■a device with a lot of small holes which you put on the end of a hose in order to water plants, grass, etc. （用于灌溉植物等的）洒水器，喷洒器
n. [环境] 洒水车； [建] 洒水器
 - watering cart, watercart

Word: sulphurous
Front: sulphurous
['sʌlfərəs] (44672/22188)
Back: adj. 硫磺的，含有硫磺的
分布：亚硫的(39%)，硫磺的(33%)，地狱般的(19%)，=sulfurous.(9%)
adj. 含硫磺的；地狱般的
 - sulfuretted

Word: swimsuit
Front: swimsuit
[ˈswɪmsu:t] (13524/22800 -1)
Back: n. （女式）游泳衣
分布：名词(100%)
US [-su:t] noun countable
■a piece of clothing that you wear for swimming 游泳衣，泳装
n. 游泳衣（女式）
 - bathing dress

Word: svalbard

Word: telomere
Front: telomere
['teləmɪə] (28207/-)
Back: n. 端粒（在染色体端位上的着丝点）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: tenancy
Front: tenancy
[ˈtenənsi] (雅 30122/6751 -1)
Vocabulary: tenancy
(once / 12123 pages)
n
Tenancy is the act of living somewhere, especially in a house, building, or apartment. You could say, for example, that your tenancy in the little white farmhouse lasted for six years, until you moved to the city.
The noun tenancy means a period of living in a certain place or having a business in a specific building. If you give up your tenancy, you move to a new place, and if your tenancy ends earlier than you expected, you may owe your landlord some money. The word tenancy is closely related to tenant, with its earliest meaning of "one who holds land," from a Latin root — tenere, "to keep" or "to hold."
WORD FAMILY
tenancy: tenancies+/ tenant: tenancy, tenanted, tenanting, tenantry, tenants/tenanted: untenanted/tenantry: tenantries
USAGE EXAMPLES
The billionaire’s White House tenancy begins on 20 January.
The Guardian(Dec 25, 2016)
Fights, raucous parties and complaints about thefts drew police to the scene numerous times during the collective's tenancy.
Reuters(Dec 08, 2016)
In London, homelessness after the ending of a private tenancy accounted for 39% of all cases last year.
Economist(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 租用，租赁; 租屋; 租期
分布：租用(38%)，租期(31%)，租用权(18%)，占有(13%)
→来自 tenant,租客，-ancy,状态名词后缀。
租赁(期限)[tain,ten,tin=hold表示"拿住"]
noun
countable or uncountable
■the right to use land or live in a building in exchange for rent （土地、房屋等的）租赁，租用
countable
■the period of time for which you have the right to use a building or piece of land 租赁期限
• a two-year tenancy 两年租赁期
n. 租期；租用
 - lease, hire

Word: twirl
Front: twirl
[twɜ:l] (10782/20580 -1)
Back: vt. （使）快速转动; （使）快速旋转; 扭动; 卷曲
n. 旋转，转动; 万能钥匙; 捻弄; 旋转的东西
vi. 旋转，转动
时态：twirled, twirling, twirls
分布：快速转动(48%)，扭转(26%)，旋转的东西(26%)
US [twɝ:l] verb intransitive or transitive [usually + adv/prep]
■to (cause to) give a sudden quick turn or set of turns in a circle （使）旋转；（使）转动；（使）缠绕
• She danced and twirled across the room. 她在房间里转着圈跳舞。
• He twirled the ribbon round the stick. 他把丝带缠绕在棍子上。
• He twirled his umbrella as he walked. 他边走边旋转伞子。
• She twirled her baton high in the air as she led the parade. 导引受阅方队时，她高高旋动司仪杖。
n. 转动，旋转；旋转的东西；万能钥匙
 - revolution, rotation, rolling, turning, wheel
vi. 旋转，转动
 - wheel, circle, screw, turn, roll

Word: underfoot
Front: underfoot
[ˌʌndəˈfʊt] (14105/15265)
Back: adv. 在脚下; 在地上; 碍事地; 挡路地
分布：在脚下面(60%)，踩着地(20%)，碍手碍脚地(20%)
US [-dɚ-] adverb
■under your feet as you walk; on the ground 在脚下；在地上
• The grass was cool and pleasant underfoot. 脚下的草地凉爽宜人。
• Many people were trampled/crushed underfoot when the police tried to break up the demonstration. 当员警试图驱散游行队伍时，许多人被踩在脚下／挤倒在地。

Word: ulama
Front: ulama
['u:lə'mɑ:] (29860/-)
Back: n. 乌力马（穆斯林的学者或宗教、法律的权威）

Word: uncensored
Front: uncensored
[ʌnˈsensəd] (26122/40463)
Back: adj. 未经审查的，无保留的
分布：未经审查的(81%)，无保留的(15%)，不拘束的(4%)
adj. 未经审查的；无保留的；无约束的
 - abandoned, unedited

Word: turkestan

Word: unsightly
Front: unsightly
[ʌnˈsaɪtli] (20126/14832 -1)
Vocabulary: unsightly
(once / 4220 pages)
adj
Unsightly is a gentler way of saying ugly. Often something that is described as unsightly sticks out like a sore thumb in an otherwise attractive environment.
A yard full of weeds and broken-down cars in a well-groomed neighborhood is unsightly. Magazine advertisements highlight products that promise to remove or hide unsightly blemishes and scars, restoring your skin to its previous beauty.
WORD FAMILY
unsightly: unsightliness+/sightly: sightlier, sightliest, unsightly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The working theory back in September and October was that gameplay was so unsightly because NFL rosters were younger than ever.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
New York's offense was unsightly much of the night, blanked at halftime with only 84 net yards.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 11, 2016)
New York’s offense was unsightly much of the night, blanked at halftime with only 84 net yards.
The Guardian(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 不美观的，难看的; 不好看的
分布：难看的(87%)，丑的(13%)
[ʌn'saɪt.li] slightly formal
adjective
■not attractive; ugly 不吸引人的，丑陋的，难看的
• He had undone the buttons of his shirt, exposing an unsightly expanse of white flesh. 他解开衬衫纽扣，露出一片白花花的肉，很不雅观。
adj. 难看的；不雅观的
 - ill-favored, malformed

Word: undernourished
Front: undernourished
[ˌʌndəˈnʌrɪʃt] (31216/32666)
Back: adj. 营养不良的
分布：营养不良的(100%)
US [-dɚ'nɝ:-] adjective
■not eating enough food to continue to be in good health 营养不足的；未吃饱的
• Many of the children are undernourished and suffering from serious diseases. 许多孩子营养不良，患有严重疾病。
adj. 营养不良的，营养不足的
 - ill-nourished, malnourished

Word: unoccupied
Front: unoccupied
[ˌʌnˈɒkjupaɪd] (19103/14432)
Back: adj. 空的; 未被占用的; 未被占领的; 空闲的
分布：空闲的(63%)，没人住的(37%)
ADJ
空置的；没人居住的
If a building is unoccupied, there is nobody in it.
例：The house was unoccupied at the time of the explosion...爆炸发生的时候房子里没有人。
例：The fire broke out in two unoccupied cabins.两间空置的棚屋里发生了火灾。
adj. 空闲的；没人住的；未占领的；无人占领的
 - available, leisure, off

Word: unfeasible
Front: unfeasible
[ʌnˈfi:zəbl] (32784/44422)
Vocabulary: unfeasible
(once / 89541 pages)
adj
Something that's unfeasible just won't work, no matter what you try. You might decide after many attempts that fitting a sofa into the trunk of your car is unfeasible.
Use the adjective unfeasible to describe things that are impossible. Your plans to travel around the world might turn out to be unfeasible if you haven't saved enough money. It's also unfeasible to get around many cities and towns without a car. The word's been around since the 1500's, a combination of the prefix un, or "not," and feasible, which means "possible" or "easy," from the Latin root facere, "do or make."
WORD FAMILY
unfeasible: unfeasibility+/ feasibility: feasibilities/ feasible: feasibility, feasibleness, feasiblest, feasibly, infeasible, unfeasible / infeasible: infeasibility
USAGE EXAMPLES
In those days, I wore long-sleeved shirts at all times, until it became unfeasible, or just absurd.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
Protecting shipwrecks may be difficult, but it is not unfeasible.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
Most options floated so far are unfeasible or create safety issues.
Seattle Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 不能实行的，难实施的
分布：不能实行的(75%)，难以行得通的(25%)
adjective
■not feasible (= able to be done or achieved) 不可行的，行不通的
adj. 难实施的，不能实行的
 - unworkable, impractical

Word: wanderer
Front: wanderer
[ˈwɒndərə(r)] (18662/15481)
Back: n. 流浪汉; 闲逛者; 游走动物
分布：流浪者(100%)
N-COUNT
流浪汉;闲逛者
A wanderer is a person who travels around rather than settling in one place.
n. 流浪者；漫游者；迷路的动物
 - rover, Vagabonds

Word: woollen
Front: woollen
['wʊlən] (高四六 41582/8656 -1)
Back: adj. 羊毛制的; 毛织的; 呢绒的
n. 毛线，绒线; 毛织品; 呢绒; 呢绒衣服
分布：毛织品(56%)，羊毛制的(44%)
(US usually woolen) ['wʊl.ən] adjective
■made of wool 羊毛制成的
• a woollen scarf 羊毛围巾
n. [纺] 毛织品
 - haircloth

Word: watermark
Front: watermark
[ˈwɔ:təmɑ:k] (26477/33442)
Back: n. 水印
分布：压制水印(50%)，水位标记(50%)
US ['wɑ:.tˌɚ.mɑ:rk] noun countable
PAPER 纸
■a mark which is made on some types of paper during its production which can only be seen if it is held against the light （某些纸张上的）浮水印
UK ['wɔ:.tə.mɑ:k] US ['wɑ:.tˌɚ.mɑ:rk] noun countable
RIVER/SEA 河／海
■a mark showing the highest or lowest level that a river or the sea reaches 水位标志

Word: versatility
Front: versatility
[ˌvɜ:sə'tɪlətɪ] (12349/15333)
Vocabulary: versatility
(once / 4083 pages)
n
The word versatility describes having many different skills or qualities. Versatility allows you to adapt to many different situations. Your versatility in sports means that you can play soccer, tennis, and basketball.
The noun versatility derives from the Latin word versatilis, meaning "turning, revolving, moving, capable of turning to varied subjects or tasks." Companies seek employees who have versatility so they can adapt to different work situations. A soccer player with versatility can play forward, defense, and goal keeper exceptionally well. A master chef's versatility means she has extensive knowledge of French, American bistro, Italian, and Spanish cuisine.
WORD FAMILY
versatility: versatilities+/ versatile: versatilely, versatility
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some doctors remain skeptical about whether a cheaper scope will provide the high-quality images and versatility they need to diagnose and treat patients effectively.
Seattle Times(Jan 01, 2017)
“One thing that Browning doesn’t get enough credit for is his versatility,” Allen said.
Seattle Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Surveys show that foreign visitors are universally impressed with the cleanliness and versatility of Japan’s public toilets.
The Guardian(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 多才多艺; 多用途; 可转动性; 易变
分布：多功能(60%)，多才多艺(25%)，多样性(15%)
多才多艺[ver,ert=turn,表示"转"]
ADJ-GRADED
有多种技能的;多才多艺的
If you say that a person is versatile, you approve of them because they have many different skills.
例：He had been one of the game's most versatile athletes.他是这项运动中技术最全面的运动员之一。
ADJ-GRADED
有多种用途的;多功能的
A tool, machine, or material that is versatile can be used for many different purposes.
例：Never before has computing been so versatile.计算机的用途从没像现在这么广泛过。
例：...a versatile blue chambray skirt.多用途的蓝条纹裙子
n. 多功能性；多才多艺；用途广泛
 - multifunctionality

Word: warpath
Front: warpath
[ˈwɔ:pɑ:θ] (31860/46466)
Vocabulary: warpath
(once / 13356 pages)
n
A warpath is either the road to a battle or a hostile, aggressive mood. Note: there's probably going to be trouble when someone is on either warpath.
This was originally a Native American term for a real path: a warpath was the route taken on the way to a known or planned conflict. The warpath was the way to war. From there, this became a general term for being angry or combative — usually preceded by the words on the. A volatile, swearing boss is on the warpath. An angry driver swearing at other drivers is on the warpath. It's best to avoid people when they're on the warpath.
WORD FAMILY
warpath: warpaths
USAGE EXAMPLES
But on Wednesday night, Brooks could only watch with his hands on his hips as his team became the next to fall in Westbrook’s warpath.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
Or she’s become a monster, and so have I. The women of Westeros are on the warpath.
The New Yorker(Jun 20, 2016)
Never underestimate a mother on the warpath A few days later, a friend points to the algae-coloured shape in the kitchen sink.
The Guardian(May 21, 2016)
Back: n. 出征路途，敌对行动
分布：敌对行动(77%)，出征路途(23%)
US ['wɔ:r.pæθ] informal mainly humorous
noun
on the warpath
■angry and likely to argue or punish 怒不可遏；寻衅
• If there was one thing she couldn't face in the morning it was her mother on the warpath. 如果说早上有一件事让她无法面对的话，那就是她母亲挑事发火。

Word: acupuncture
Front: acupuncture
[ˈækjupʌŋktʃə(r)] (托 15282/17248 -1)
Back: n. 针灸（疗法）
vt. 用针灸术治疗，用针刺法麻醉，对…施行针灸治疗
分布：针灸(92%)，针治(8%)
→词根ac, 尖。puncture, 刺。
针炙(acu尖＋punct点＋ure→用尖(针)点→针炙)[acid,acri,acrid,acu=sour,sharp,表示"尖,酸,锐利"]
针灸(acu尖+punct+ure→用针尖点→针灸)[point,punct=point,make sharp,表示"点,变尖"]
US [-tʃɚ] noun uncountable
■a treatment for pain and illness in which thin needles are positioned just under the surface of the skin at special nerve centres around the body 针刺疗法；针炙
• Acupuncture originated in China. 针炙疗法起源于中国。
n. [中医] 针刺；针刺疗法
 - needling, pinprick

Word: aero
Front: aero
['eərəʊ] (-/26954)
Back: adj. 航空的，飞行的，飞机的
分布：飞机的(47%)，飞行的(33%)，航空的(20%)
adj. 航空的； [航] 飞机的；飞行的
 - flying, aviatic

Word: aeronautic
Front: aeronautic
[ˌeərə'nɔ:tɪk] (41935/-)
Back: adj. 航空（学）的
分布：=aeronautical.(50%)，航空学的(50%)
adj. 航空的
 - aviatic, aerial

Word: adrenalin
Front: adrenalin
[əˈdrɛnələn] (-/11801 -1)
Back: n. 肾上腺素; “adrenaline”的变体
分布：肾上腺素(100%)
(also adrenaline) [ə'dren.əl.ɪn] noun uncountable
■a hormone produced by the body when you are frightened, angry or excited, which makes the heart beat faster and prepares the body to react to danger 肾上腺素
• These arguments always get my adrenalin going (= make me excited or angry). 我一参加这些争论就热血沸腾。
n. 肾上腺素
 - epinephrine

Word: zoologist
Front: zoologist
[zəʊˈɒlədʒɪst] (23306/22821)
Vocabulary: zoologist
(once / 7960 pages)
n
A zoologist is a scientist who studies animals. Zoologists are experts on everything about animals, from their cells to the history of their evolution.
If you love and are fascinated by animals, you might decide to become a zoologist. Your major in college will probably be zoology, which is a branch of biology focusing on all animals — even those that are extinct. A zoologist may end up doing research, or work as a zookeeper in a zoo. Zoologist shares a root with zoology, the Latin zoologia, which combines the Greek words zoion, "animal," and logia, "study."
WORD FAMILY
zoologist: zoologists+/ zoological: zoologically/ zoology: zoological, zoologies, zoologist
USAGE EXAMPLES
We highly recommend this book for the budding zoologist or curious young mind in your own life.
Nature(Dec 06, 2016)
My father, a zoologist, had no more money than his modest salary from an English university; Mother taught at the local girls’ school.
The New Yorker(Nov 27, 2016)
Victorian zoologist and surgeon Frank Buckland occupies a peculiar place in science history.
Nature(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 动物学家
US [zoʊ'ɑ:lə-] noun countable
■a person who scientifically studies animals 动物学家

Word: bremerhaven
Front: bremerhaven
[ˌbreimərˈ'heɪvn] None
Back: 不来梅港（德意志联邦共和国北部港市）

Word: briny
Front: briny
[ˈbraɪni] (托 26904/-)
Back: adj. 海水的，盐水的，咸的
n. <俚>海洋
分布：咸的(36%)，海水的(32%)，盐水的(32%)
adjective
■describes water that contains a lot of salt （水）多盐的
['braɪ.ni] noun only singular
the briny UK old-fashioned humorous
■the sea 海
• Do you fancy a dip in the briny? 你想不想到海里去泡一会儿？
adj. 海水的；咸的；盐水的
 - salty, salinous

Word: brio
Front: brio
[ˈbri:əʊ] (34364/46907)
Back: n. 元气充沛，生动
分布：生动(45%)，活泼(34%)，活力(21%)
→意大利语。来自PIE *bhergh, 高，词源同berg, 高山。指音调高的，精神愉悦的。
n. 生动
 - vividness, lifelikeness

Word: bta

Word: candidature
Front: candidature
[ˈkændɪdətʃə(r)] (-/26278)
Back: n. 候选人身份，候选人资格
分布：候选人的资格(100%)

Word: capote

Word: carlsbad

Word: carnal
Front: carnal
[ˈkɑ:nl] (托 19233/22423)
Vocabulary: carnal
(once / 2003 pages)
adj
Carnal is an adjective meaning "of the flesh." This makes carnal relations a subject that kids want to know more about, but one that both kids and parents may be embarrassed to talk about with each other.
Another use for carnal is to describe something that is worldly (as opposed to spiritual) — "He didn't have much use for religion, preferring the more carnal pursuits of gambling, drinking, and partying." The phrase "carnal knowledge" is often used euphemistically to refer to sexual relations, but the phrase has also been used in the legal sense to describe a specific sex crime.
WORD FAMILY
carnal: carnalise, carnality, carnalize, carnally+/carnalise: carnalised/carnality: carnalities/carnalize: carnalized, carnalizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I don’t think that it would be worth the larger income for all the stress,” Carnal said.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
In sympathy, I let him follow me to the beige-carpeted living room, a companion in the carnal exploration.
Salon(Dec 28, 2016)
The title track addressed a litany of societal ills, and “If I Was Your Girlfriend” represented Prince at his carnal best.
New York Times(Apr 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 世俗的; 肉体的; 性欲的; 好色的
分布：肉体的(80%)，世俗的(20%)
【记】carn肉（读：卡恩－德国守门员）
【反】spiritual（adj 精神上的）
US ['kɑ:r-] formal
adjective
■relating to the physical feelings and wants of the body; sexual 肉体的；肉欲的；性欲的
• carnal desires 肉欲
adj. 肉体的；肉欲的；淫荡的；性欲的
 - material, fleshly

Word: cate
Front: cate
[keɪt] (-/45196)
Back: n. <古>佳肴，美食
分布：美食(64%)，佳肴(36%)
n. 美食；佳肴；外购食物
 - gourmet food, gourmandise

Word: cayenne
Front: cayenne
[keɪ'en] (12846/45622)
Vocabulary: cayenne
(once / 3564 pages)
n
Cayenne is a hot pepper plant. A cayenne is related to a green bell pepper, but it's much spicier.
Most cayenne is eaten as a spice — seeds from the plant are dried and ground, then judiciously sprinkled in dishes like chili and Buffalo wings. In its dry form, cayenne is a bright red powder. The word cayennne was mistakenly associated with the capital of French Guiana, Cayenne, though there's actually no relation between the place and the plant. Instead, the root is the Tupi word kyynha.
WORD FAMILY
cayenne
USAGE EXAMPLES
In my recipe, I use all three, along with cayenne, garlic and thyme.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Teas, spices, cayenne pepper is very important in my life — helps get rid of mucus and things of that sort.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 03, 2016)
The bogey here is the Cayenne, which is way strong.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: n. 辣椒
分布：名词(100%)
→来自南美土著语。
n. 辣椒
 - capsicum, pimiento

Word: cee

Word: centralism
Front: centralism
[ˈsentrəlɪzəm] (38317/28101)
Back: n. 中央集权制
分布：中央集权制(100%)
noun uncountable
■the principle or action of putting something under the control of one central place 中央集权制；集中制
n. 中央集权制；中央集权主义
 - statism

Word: chiba
Front: chiba
[ˈtʃibə] None
Back: 千叶（日本本州岛东南部城市）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: chromium
Front: chromium
[ˈkrəʊmiəm] (17129/22644 -1)
Back: n. [化学] 铬
分布：铬(100%)
US ['kroʊ-] noun uncountable
■a hard blue-grey element used in combination with other substances to form a shiny covering on objects 铬

Word: cleopatra
Front: cleopatra
[kliəˈpɑ:trə] (-/19282)
Back: abbr. comprehensive language for elegant operating system and translator design 一流操作系统与翻译构思的综合性语言
分布：名词(100%)

Word: cloying
Front: cloying
[ˈklɔɪɪŋ] (宝 22489/23328)
Vocabulary: cloying
(once / 15865 pages)
adj
If you’re a cynic who favors dark, edgy humor and thrillers, you probably find romantic comedies with their hearts, flowers, and sappy happy endings cloying — so sweet and sentimental that they make you want to retch.
Whether you’re talking about dessert wine or love notes, cloying means sickeningly sweet. It’s how folks who love espresso feel about Frappuccino. Cloying comes in handy to describe things that are too sweet both literally. "Don’t worry about him trying to kiss you; your cloying perfume is sure to keep him at arm’s length." Or figuratively. "Your incessant flattery and cloying way of hanging on my every word was charming at first, but now I wish you’d go away."
WORD FAMILY
cloying: cloyingly+/cloy: cloyed, cloying, cloys
USAGE EXAMPLES
Writing in The Times, A. O. Scott called the film “noisy, cloying and altogether marvelous.”
New York Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Writing in The New York Times, A. O. Scott called the film “noisy, cloying and altogether marvelous.”
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
But it’s so sweet, and dry in parts, that even the dessert die-hards put down their forks after a cloying bite or two.
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: adj. <正>（食物、气味等）甜得发腻的，使人腻烦的; （感情过于外露而） 令人腻烦的
v. <正>发腻，倒胃口( cloy的现在分词 )
分布：甜得发腻的(40%)，因过量而厌烦的(30%)，过于感性的(15%)，动词cloy的现在分词形式.(15%)
【记】源于cloy（v 因过食油腻的甜的东西而发腻）读：可乐。可乐喝多了，肯定会甜的发腻
adjective
TOO SWEET 甜得发腻的 literary disapproving
■too sweet and therefore unpleasant 甜得发腻的
• This is a wonderful wine - honeyed and rich without being remotely cloying. 这酒真棒——甘甜醇香，一点都不腻。
['klɔɪ.ɪŋ] adjective
TOO EMOTIONAL 太过多愁善感 disapproving
■too good or kind, or expressing feelings of love in a way that is not sincere 令人腻烦的；腻味的；假惺惺的
• She criticized the cloying sentimentality of the film. 她批评这部电影太过多愁善感，令人腻烦。
adj. 厌烦的；倒胃口的；因过量而厌烦的
 - tired, harassed

Word: cognizant
Front: cognizant
['kɒɡnɪzənt] (宝 18735/-)
Vocabulary: cognizant
(once / 2068 pages)
adj
If you are cognizant of what's going on at the table behind you in the lunchroom, that means you know they're plotting to throw peas at your head. If you are cognizant of something, you are aware of or informed about it.
This 19th century adjective derives from Latin cognōscere "to learn." For the English adjective and noun, an older pronunciation with a silent g was in use in legal contexts up until the early 20th century. In law, these terms refer to jurisdiction, or the right of a court to hear a case.
WORD FAMILY
cognizant: cognizance, cognizantly, incognizant+/ cognitive: cognitively, precognitive/cognizable: cognizably, incognizable/ cognizance: cognizances, recognizance /cognize: cognitive, cognizable, cognizant, cognized, cognizes, cognizing/incognizant: incognizance/ recognizance: recognizances
USAGE EXAMPLES
It also means staying cognizant of how food and alcohol affect your liver’s timers.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The irony is that Uber and Lyft are cognizant that being everyone’s private driver, at current prices, is not a sustainable business model.
Slate(Dec 14, 2016)
By creating a goal, you will be more cognizant of how much you are consuming.
Washington Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 察知的，认识（某事物）的
分布：已认识(50%)，晓得(25%)，既知道(25%)
知晓的(cogn+ize+ant)[cogn=know,表示"知道"]
【反】oblivious（adj 遗忘的）；unaware（adj 不知道的；没觉察到的）
ADJ-GRADED
认识到的；察知的;了解的
If someone is cognizant of something, they are aware of it or understand it.
例：We are cognizant of the problem.我们意识到了这个问题。

Word: comm
Front: comm
[kɒm] (-/26451)
Back: abbr. communication 通信; commerce 商业; commodity 商品; commercial 商业的
分布：委员会(100%)

Word: comparably
Front: comparably
['kɒmpərəblɪ] (23629/35128)
Back: adv. 可比较地，同等地
分布：可比较地(75%)，相似地(25%)

Word: conservatorship

Word: contemplative
Front: contemplative
[kənˈtemplətɪv] (14870/16782)
Vocabulary: contemplative
(once / 2296 pages)
adjn
The contemplative life is one filled with deep and serious thought, and is often associated with monks, nuns, philosophers, and theorists.
The adjective contemplative means "pensive," "meditative," or "brooding." Contemplative moments, of course, aren't restricted to white-bearded hermits living in caves on mountaintops. You might also hear the word when people are talking about yoga or meditation, as these are quiet activities meant to be thoughtfully performed. Some kinds of poetry and music are described as contemplative, especially if they give you space to daydream or think about their themes. A walk through nature can also be a contemplative activity.
WORD FAMILY
contemplative: contemplatively, contemplativeness, contemplatives+/ contemplate: contemplated, contemplates, contemplating, contemplation, contemplative / contemplation: contemplations, self-contemplation
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Whereas traditional portraits attempt to capture contemplative, relaxed moments.”
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Garfield’s dutiful, contemplative Rodrigues faces the most grueling trial of all.
Time(Dec 22, 2016)
It is a contemplative concert work — utterly mesmerizing, despite modern-leaning harmonies — and enchanting.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 沉思的，出神的（尤指感觉上帝同在的）
分布：沉思的(54%)，冥想的(40%)，爱默想的(6%)
ADJ-GRADED
沉思的;冥思的
Someone who is contemplative thinks deeply, or is thinking in a serious and calm way.
例：Martin is a quiet, contemplative sort of chap...马丁是个不爱讲话、喜欢沉思默想的小伙子。
例：I went for long, contemplative walks by the river...我沿着河走了很久，默默沉思着。
adj. 沉思的；冥想的；默想的
 - reflecting, meditating

Word: convection
Front: convection
[kənˈvekʃn] (托 16075/17640)
Vocabulary: convection
(once / 49871 pages)
n
Convection is the circular motion that happens when warmer air or liquid — which has faster moving molecules, making it less dense — rises, while the cooler air or liquid drops down.
Convection is a major factor in weather. The sun heats the earth’s surface, then, when cooler air comes into contact with it, the air warms and rises, creating an upward current in the atmosphere. That current can result in wind, clouds, or other weather. Convection currents within the earth move layers of magma, and convection in the ocean creates currents. Convection ovens use fans to circulate heat so that whatever you're cooking cooks faster and more evenly.
WORD FAMILY
convection: convections+/convect: convected, convection
USAGE EXAMPLES
As Earth cooled after its formation, mantle convection may have slowed.
Nature(Nov 01, 2016)
Much of the energy absorbed by the composite was being swept away by convection, heat lost to the air moving above the beaker.
Science Magazine(Aug 22, 2016)
Whether the resulting conductivity is consistent with a geodynamo driven by thermal convection requires further detailed calculations; the results will be reported elsewhere.
Nature(Apr 12, 2016)
Back: n. 传送，对流; 运流
分布：名词(100%)
→con-, 强调。-vect, 携带，移动，词源同vector, vehicle.
[kən'vek.ʃən] specialized
noun uncountable
■the flow of heat through a gas or a liquid （热透过液体或气体的）对流
• Warm air rises by the process of convection. 热空气透过对流上升。
n. [流] [气象] 对流；传送
 - transmission, convective flow

Word: copybook
Front: copybook
[ˈkɒpibʊk] (39976/39502)
Back: adj. <英>典范的，样板的
分布：字帖(43%)，习字簿(30%)，陈腐的(15%)，陈腔烂调的(6%)，复写簿(6%)
US ['kɑ:.pi-] UK approving
adjective [before noun]
■agreeing exactly with what is expected or with the rules that are connected with a situation 精确的，准确的；典范的
• a copybook musical performance 经典的音乐剧演出
• a copybook military exercise 精确的军事演习
n. 字帖；习字簿
 - copying book
adj. 陈腐的
 - banal, trite

Word: cote
Front: cote
[kəʊt] (35068/33913)
Back: n. 棚，栏，窝
分布：棚(34%)，窝(33%)，栏(33%)
n. 栏；棚；窝
 - nest, shed

Word: counterfactual
Front: counterfactual
[ˌkaʊntə'fæktʃʊəl] (33428/-)
Back: adj. 反事实的（指在不同条件下有可能发生但违反现存事实的）

Word: amphibian
Front: amphibian
[æmˈfɪbiən] (雅宝 16433/17256)
Vocabulary: amphibian
(once / 8118 pages)
1nadj 2n
An amphibian is a cold-blooded vertebrate animal that is born in water and breathes with gills. As the larva grows into its adult form, the animal's lungs develop the ability to breathe air, and the animal can live on land. Frogs, toads, and salamanders are all amphibians.
The word amphibian comes from the Greek word amphibios, which means to live a double life. The noun amphibian has its roots in the words amphi, meaning of both kinds, and bios, meaning life. The word is used for the class of animals that spend part of their lives in water and part on land. The word can also be used as an adjective to describe the animals that lives this way. You might be interested to know that the largest amphibian weighs about 140 pounds and the smallest weighs only a few grams.
WORD FAMILY
amphibian: amphibians
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some fish and amphibians lose teeth as they grow, as do platypuses.
BBC(Dec 22, 2016)
The serpentine baby boom is a rarity for the zoo, said Ian Recchio, the facility’s curator of reptiles and amphibians.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 20, 2016)
The tiny amphibian species faces threats from developmental forces, like logging and agricultural expansion.
Time(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: n. 两栖动物; 水陆两用车; 水旱两生植物; 水陆两用飞行器
adj. 两栖（类）的; 水陆两用的; 具有双重性格的
分布：两栖动物(66%)，水陆两用飞机(16%)，两栖类的(10%)，水陆两用车(4%)，水陆两用的(4%)
→前缀amphi-, 同ambi-, 两，二。 -bi, 同词根bio, 生命。
两栖动物(amphi+bi生命+an→两个生命→两栖动物)[amphi-表示"两个,两种"]
两栖动物(的)(amphi二个+bl生命+an)[-an表名词和形容词"…地方,...人]
noun countable
■an animal, such as a frog , which lives both on land and in water but must produce its eggs in water 两栖动物
n. [脊椎] 两栖动物； [车辆] 水陆两用飞机；具有双重性格的人
 - Batrachia, amphibious plane

Word: allowable
Front: allowable
[əˈlaʊəbl] (16708/16005)
Back: adj. 允许的，正当的，可承认的; 许用
分布：容许的(100%)
adjective
■allowed according to the rules or laws that control a particular area of activity （法律或规定）允许的，准许的
• A certain level of error is allowable (= permitted to happen). 一定程度的错误是容许的。
• UK allowable expenses (= expenses on which no taxes are paid) 可免税的消费
adj. 许可的；正当的；可承认的；可获宽免
 - valid, legitimate

Word: aussie

Word: aye
Front: aye
[aɪ] (10386/1801 -1)
Back: n. 赞成票; 投票赞成者; （回答）是
adv. 赞成
分布：是(50%)，赞成票(27%)，永远(13%)，=ay.(5%)，赞成者(5%)
→yes的口语发音。
adverb mainly UK
■another word for 'yes' yes 的另一种说法
• "Would you prefer not to work?" "Oh aye, I'd stop tomorrow if I could." “你想要不工作吗？”“哦，是的。如果可以的话我明天就不想上班。”
• All those who support this proposal say "Aye". 支持这项建议的人请说“赞成”。
[aɪ] noun countable
■a vote or voter in support of a suggestion, idea, law, etc. 赞成票；投赞成票者
• The ayes have it (= The people who voted 'yes' have won). 投赞成票者占多数。
n. 赞成票；投赞成票者
 - affirmative vote, placet

Word: ajar
Front: ajar
[əˈdʒɑ:(r)] (托 16792/21238)
Vocabulary: ajar
(once / 2565 pages)
adj
The adjective ajar describes something that is slightly open. A door that has been left ajar is easily pushed open by the wind or a nosy person.
To correctly pronounce ajar, say "uh-JAR." People in a hurry leave drawers and cabinet doors ajar, or hanging open. If a chime starts ringing when you start a car, a door or the trunk may be ajar. Check that everything is securely closed before taking off. But don't describe a mouth that is open in surprise as ajar. A better word choice is agape.
WORD FAMILY
ajar
USAGE EXAMPLES
The next morning, the same neighbor noticed the gate was still ajar and the front door wide open.
Seattle Times(Nov 30, 2016)
“The door is ajar for the first time,” says Stephen Hauser, a neurologist at the University of California, San Francisco.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
Papa was in the bathroom, with the door ajar.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Back: adj. 半开着的
adv. 微开着; 不协调地; 不和谐地
分布：半开的(33%)，微开的(31%)，微开地(18%)，半开地(18%)
→来自短语on char. char, 转，同chore, 家务杂事（像陀螺一样干不完）。
US [-'dʒɑ:r] adjective [after verb]
■describes a door that is slightly open （门）微开的，半开的
• We left the door ajar so that we could hear what they were saying. 我们把门留了一条缝，这样就能听见他们说些甚么。
adj. 半开的；微开的；不和谐的
 - semi-open, discordant
adv. 半开地；微开地；不协调地
 - agee

Word: autarky
Front: autarky
['ɔ:tɑ:kɪ] None
Back: n. 自给自足
分布：自给自足(91%)，=autarchy.(9%)
n. [经] 自给自足
 - self-sufficiency

Word: bcc
Front: bcc
None None
Back: abbr. Blind Carbon Copy 隐蔽副本
■written abbreviation for
■blind carbon copy: a copy of a letter or email that is sent to someone without the knowledge of the other person or people it is sent to 密件副本，副本密送

Word: bisect
Front: bisect
[baɪˈsekt] (19926/22693)
Vocabulary: bisect
(once / 10535 pages)
v
When you cut something in half or in two pieces, you bisect it. You can bisect a cupcake so that you and a friend get equal pieces.
In Latin, bi means "two" and secare means "to cut." That's why the verb bisect means "divide into two equal pieces." You might bisect your garden, planting half with vegetables and half with flowers, or tape a line on your bedroom floor to bisect the space into two sides — yours and your horrible sister's. In geometry, the word bisect means the same thing, to split something into equal halves.
WORD FAMILY
bisect: bisected, bisecting, bisection, bisects+/bisection: bisections
USAGE EXAMPLES
Referring to a boulevard that bisects West Hollywood, Mills told me, “I only cross La Cienega if I need money or actors.”
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
UK researchers explored an area of the Southwest Indian Ridge, which bisects the ocean between Africa and Antarctica, in 2011.
BBC(Dec 14, 2016)
Shopping excursions to the store are typically bisected by a break in the elegant restaurant.
New York Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: vt. 把…一分为二，把…二等分; 与…相交叉
时态：bisected, bisecting, bisects
分布：平分(70%)，交叉(18%)，切分为二(12%)
→前缀bi-, 二。词根sect, 切，见section, 部分。
二分(bi二+sect)[Sect,seg=cut,divide,表示"切,割"]
verb transitive
■to divide something into two, usually equal, parts 把…分为两部分；把…二等分
• The new road will bisect the town. 新马路将把城市分成两部分。
vt. 平分；二等分
 - go halves with sb. in sth.

Word: busybody
Front: busybody
[ˈbɪzibɒdi] (27267/21634)
Vocabulary: busybody
(once / 10610 pages)
n
A busybody is a nosy, meddling person, who's very interested in what other people say and do. If you're a busybody, you can't help offering advice to friends, whether they want it or not.
Busybodies are known for trying to help with situations in which they're not necessarily welcome or needed. You could describe your mom as a busybody if she asks prying questions and tries to orchestrate your romantic life. The word busybody comes from a now-obsolete meaning of busy, "prying" or "meddlesome."
WORD FAMILY
busybody: busybodies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Another passing motorist pulls over, summoning Jimmy to the window for a brief chat in that hushed, conspiratorial manner of small-town busybodies the world over.
Slate(Oct 24, 2016)
Your father could have grieved his lost love 49.5 years ago, for all the busybodies know.
Seattle Times(Sep 07, 2016)
Your father could have grieved his lost love 49½ years ago, for all the busybodies know.
Washington Post(Sep 06, 2016)
Back: n. 好管闲事的人
分布：好事的人(55%)，爱管闲事的人(45%)
US [-ˌbɑ:.di] informal
noun countable
■a person who is too interested in things that do not involve them 多事者
• Some interfering busybody had rung the police. 某个好事者打电话叫来了员警。
n. 好事的人；爱管闲事的人
 - pragmatist, meddler

Word: butchery
Front: butchery
[ˈbʊtʃəri] (29042/32928)
Back: n. 屠场，肉贩
分布：屠杀(66%)，屠宰业(20%)，屠场(14%)
US [-ɚ-] noun uncountable
■the preparation of meat for sale 屠宰工作
■cruel killing 屠杀，残杀
n. [畜牧] 屠场；肉贩； [贸易] 肉食店
 - meatman

Word: caprice
Front: caprice
[kəˈpri:s] (宝 26827/34007)
Vocabulary: caprice
(once / 552 pages)
n
On a whim, he sold everything and left the city for the beautiful wilderness of Alaska, but his act of caprice felt a lot less whimsical when he realized how freezing cold Alaska is.
The word caprice has its roots in the French for "whim," which comes from the Italian word capriccio for "fright" or "sudden start." A caprice can be just a fun impulsive act, but it also can be something done on a quick whim, without thinking it through or preparing for the change in direction. Having a sudden liking, or caprice, for someone or something can be short-lived too.
WORD FAMILY
caprice: caprices, capricious +/ capricious: capriciously, capriciousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
The other contestants will include fellow Olympians Louis Smith and Jade Jones, and model Caprice Bourret.
BBC(Jan 02, 2017)
It was an image shaped largely by the R.M.P.s of an earlier era: Chevrolet Caprices and Ford Crown Victorias.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
It is that he may make it harder for Europe to manage Mr Putin’s caprices.
Economist(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 反复无常; 任性的想法; 随想曲; 充满幻想力的作品
分布：任性(55%)，反复无常(36%)，异想天开(9%)
→来自拉丁词caper, 山羊。因山羊喜欢踏踏跳跳和突然踢出后腿，因而引申此义。
任性(capr山羊+ice...像山羊一样乱蹦...任性)[-ice表名词"行为,状态"]
突变;任性[capr=goat(山羊)]
【源】来自意大利语 capriccio 奇想曲，随想曲
【记】price（n 价格）－联想股票的价格－反复无常cap帽子，rice大米：有关系吗？没有！－突如其来的念头
【参】capriciousness（n 反复无常）
【反】confirmation（n 证实，确认，批准）
[kə'pri:s] literary
noun countable or uncountable
■(the quality of often having) a sudden and usually silly wish to have or do something, or a sudden and silly change of mind or behaviour; a whim 异想天开；反覆无常；突发奇想
• The $300 million palace was built to satisfy the caprice of one man. 用三亿美元建造这座宫殿就是为了满足一人的心血来潮。
n. 任性，反复无常；随想曲
 - willfulness, waywardness

Word: binational
Front: binational
[bɪ'neɪʃnəl] (24401/-)
Back: adj. 两个国家的，两个民族的
分布：由两个国家组成的(100%)

Word: changeover
Front: changeover
[ˈtʃeɪndʒəʊvə(r)] (23764/19037)
Back: n. （生产方法、装备等的）完全改变，（方针的）转变
分布：转换(82%)，逆转(10%)，大变更(8%)
US [-ˌoʊ.vɚ] noun countable usually singular
■a complete change from one system or method to another （体制或方法的）完全改变，大转变，更改
• The changeover to the new taxation system has created a lot of problems. 彻底改用新的税收制度产生了许多问题。
n. 转换；逆转；（方针的）转变
 - conversion, transformation, switching

Word: chaff
Front: chaff
[tʃɑ:f] (宝 25449/23677)
Vocabulary: chaff
(once / 1318 pages)
1n 2n 3v
The proverbial phrase "separate the wheat from the chaff" may not be terribly meaningful to you — unless you happen to be a grain farmer. The chaff is the husk surrounding a seed, the part of the grain that is generally thrown away.
In cereal crops like rice, barley, oats, and wheat, the seed — the part of the plant that we eat — is surrounded by a husk. This waste material has been called chaff since the twelfth century at least, but the word has a long history as a metaphor meaning "objects and ideas of little or no value," as well. The Internet is full of misinformation as well as facts so you might have a hard time separating the wheat from the chaff. Their nasty comments are just a lot of chaff — don't even listen to them.
WORD FAMILY
chaff: chaffed, chaffing, chafflike, chaffs, chaffy
USAGE EXAMPLES
What both purveyors of fact and fiction agree on is that separating wheat from chaff in the intelligence business is very difficult.
Seattle Times(Dec 07, 2016)
Amaka would divide the rice into smaller portions to blow the chaff out afterward.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Mencken mocked the earnestness of communities like Chautauqua; Lewis described this survey-course learning as “nothing but wind and chaff and ... the laughter of yokels.”
New York Times(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: n. 谷壳; 逗弄; 切碎的干草或稻草; 无价值的东西
vt. 打趣，开玩笑
时态：chaffed, chaffing, chaffs
分布：糠(62%)，谷壳(23%)，开玩笑(9%)，揶揄(3%)，戏弄(3%)
→来自gep, 咬，咀嚼，词源同jaw, jowl.
【记】chaf＝chafe摩擦，f肤：把谷物的皮肤摩擦掉就是－谷壳
US [tʃæf] noun uncountable
■the outer layer which is separated from grains such as wheat before they are used as food, or dried grass and stems when used to feed cattle 谷壳，糠；碎干草饲料
n. 糠；谷壳；无价值的东西
 - mud, bran
vi. 开玩笑；打趣
 - fool, kid around
vt. 开玩笑；逗趣
 - kid around, to play a joke

Word: castries

Word: counterinsurgency
Front: counterinsurgency
[ˌkaʊntərɪn'sɜ:dʒənsɪ] (15973/-)
Back: n. 镇压叛乱（暴动），反破坏
adj. 反游击战与破坏的
分布：反叛乱(84%)，反暴乱(16%)
US [-tˌɚ.ɪn'sɝ:-] noun uncountable
■military action taken by a government to prevent attacks by small groups of soldiers or fighters that are opposed to it （政府的）反暴动，反叛乱 Compare insurgency

Word: choreographer
Front: choreographer
[ˌkɒrɪ'ɒɡrəfə(r)] (托 13604/13389)
Back: n. 编舞者
分布：舞蹈指导(64%)，编舞者(36%)
舞蹈动作设计者(chor+eo+graph写+er人→写舞蹈的人)[chor=sing,dance,表示"歌,舞"]
N-COUNT
舞蹈设计者;编舞(者)
A choreographer is someone who invents the movements for a ballet or other dance and tells the dancers how to perform them.

Word: condescension
Front: condescension
[ˌkɒndɪ'senʃn] (19400/21000)
Vocabulary: condescension
(once / 1893 pages)
n
Condescension is an insulting way of talking to other people, as if they were stupid or ignorant. Condescension is rude and patronizing.
Treating someone with condescension is the opposite of treating them with respect. Condescension is full of arrogant and snooty attitude, and people who practice condescension treat others like inferior idiots. Sarcasm goes well with condescension if you're trying to be a jerk. You can almost hear the word descent in condescension, so think of someone acting all high and mighty, looking down at everyone else.
WORD FAMILY
condescension: condescensions+/ condescend: condescended, condescending, condescends, condescension / condescending: condescendingest, condescendingly, condescendingness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Films too often treat children as either far too smart for their age or with utter condescension.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Duca herself acknowledges the condescension evident in this double-edged feedback.
Salon(Dec 24, 2016)
His election was greeted with a degree of shocked condescension by a large segment of the city’s permanent establishment.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. <正>屈尊，俯就
分布：屈尊俯就(59%)，自以为高人一等(41%)
屈尊;贬低(condescend,d变s+ion)"[scend,scens,scent=climb,表示"爬,攀"]
n. 谦虚；屈尊；傲慢态度
 - arrogance, abasement

Word: dauphin
Front: dauphin
['dəʊfæ̃] (31400/28401)
Back: n. 法国皇太子的称号（用于1349年至1830年间）
分布：法国皇太子(100%)
→来自法语dolphin的拼写形式。最早来自法国Viennois领主称号“the Dauphin of Viennois”,因其纹章上有三只海豚而得名。后其最后一任领主在1349年割让这块土地时，其条件就是这个称号要由法国长王子永久继承，因而传承下来。

Word: croesus

Word: destruct
Front: destruct
[dɪs'trʌkt] (45322/-)
Vocabulary: destruct
(once / 40478 pages)
v
When you destruct something, you destroy or wreck it. A developer might buy an old building in order to destruct it and build a shiny new one in its place.
The verb destruct isn't as common as its relatives, destructive, destruction, and self-destruct, but you can use it to mean "wipe out" or "destroy." Your doctor might worry that your lack of sleep and frequent soda drinking will destruct your health, and a kindergartner will probably wail in frustration if her little brother destructs her Lego creation. Destruct comes from destruction, most likely as 1950's US defense industry jargon.
WORD FAMILY
destruct: destructed, destructing, destructs, self-destruct+/self-destruct: self-destructed, self-destructing
USAGE EXAMPLES
To Self Destruct has entered at number two, while Bruno Mars's 24K Magic has debuted at three.
BBC(Nov 25, 2016)
The process is gradual but damages the tissues and organs progressively destructing cells.
Washington Times(Oct 16, 2016)
There is something oddly memorizing about watching a steamroller unable to completely destruct a golf ball.
Golf Digest(Oct 05, 2016)
Back: adj. 破坏的
n. 故意或有计划的破坏
vi. 破坏
时态：destructed, destructing, destructs
分布：自毁(65%)，摧毁(20%)，毁灭(15%)
vi. [航] 自毁
 - self-destruct
n. [航] 自毁
 - self-destruction

Word: dawson

Word: deathly
Front: deathly
[ˈdeθli] (20234/21197)
Vocabulary: deathly
(once / 3298 pages)
adjadv
Something that's deathly reminds you of death. If you dress up as a ghost for Halloween, the makeup on your cheeks might turn your face a deathy shade of gray.
A spooky silence can be described as deathly silent, and an unhealthy skin color is often called a deathly pallor. When you shiver, your friend might take your hand and say, "You have a deathly chill." An older meaning of deathly, used especially in literature, was "causing death." The Old English root word is deaþlic, "mortal."
WORD FAMILY
death: deathless, deathlike, deathly, deaths+/deathless: deathlessly/ die: death, died, dies, dying / dying: dyingly, dyings, undying/undying: undyingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Tales of Beedle the Bard play a crucial role in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, the final novel in Rowling’s fantasy series.
The Guardian(Dec 13, 2016)
He barraged her with texts, sometimes telling her that she needed to talk to him because his mother was deathly ill.
The New Yorker(Nov 27, 2016)
“I didn’t think that she was deathly ill. There was no way of telling that she was deathly ill,” he said in court.
Washington Post(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adv. & adj. 死一般的/地，让人想到死亡
分布：死一般的(58%)，致死的(28%)，死一般地(7%)，极其(7%)
adjective adverb
■extreme in a way that is unpleasant 极端（的），非常（的）
• After he had spoken, a deathly silence/hush fell on the room. 他说完后，房间里一片沉寂。
• She went deathly pale. 她的脸色变得苍白。
adj. 死一般的；致命的
 - kill, fatal, deadly
adv. 死了一样地；非常
 - extremely, badly, highly, greatly, too

Word: demystify
Front: demystify
[ˌdi:ˈmɪstɪfaɪ] (宝 21025/33125)
Vocabulary: demystify
(once / 56016 pages)
v
To demystify something is to make it much easier to understand or see. Your favorite math teacher might be the one who manages to demystify calculus for you.
When you demystify things, you remove any mystery or secrecy connected with them. You might feel the need to demystify complicated or difficult ideas, subjects, or tasks. A car repair class can demystify the idea of working on your own engine, and traveling to France often helps language learners demystify the French language. To mystify is to bewilder or perplex, from the Latin root mysticus, "mystical, mystic, or secret."
WORD FAMILY
demystify: demystified, demystifies, demystifying+/mystification: mystifications/mystifier: mystifiers/ mystify: demystify, mystification, mystified, mystifier, mystifies, mystifying/mystifying: mystifyingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ken Opalo, from Georgetown University in the US, says there needs to be a process of demystifying elections.
BBC(Dec 26, 2016)
The idea was to demystify the weight room, a spokeswoman says.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 07, 2016)
The prize aims to "demystify" contemporary sculpture, with visitors to the exhibition being encouraged to debate and judge it for themselves.
BBC(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: vt. 使非神秘化
时态：demystified, demystifying, demystifies
分布：使非神秘化(100%)
→de-, 不，非，使相反。mystify, 神秘的。即使不再神秘。
【记】de去掉，mystify（v 使迷惑）一去掉迷惑一澄清
【反】obfuscate（vt 使迷乱）
verb transitive
■to make something easier to understand 使易懂
• What I need is a book that will demystify the workings of a car engine for me. 我需要的是一本通俗易懂地讲解汽车引擎运作原理的书。
vt. 使非神秘化；阐明；启发
 - suggest, illustrate

Word: depopulate
Front: depopulate
[ˌdi:ˈpɒpjuleɪt] (30212/39411)
Back: v. （使）人口减少
时态：depopulated, depopulating, depopulates
分布：使人口减少(100%)
→de-, 不，非，使相反。populate, 人口聚居。即使人口减少。
[de-除去,去掉,popul人民→人口,-ate使...]使(某地)人口减少,减少人口[popul-人民;dem(o)人民]
减少人口(de去掉+popul+ate→去掉人口)[Popul,publ=people,表示"人民"]
US [-'pɑ:.pjə-] verb transitive
■to cause a country or area to have fewer people living in it 使人口减少，使居民减少
• The region was depopulated by disease/famine/war. 该地区的人口因疾病／饥饿／战争而减少。

Word: dia
Front: dia
None (-/29537)
Back: abbr. diagram 图表; diamond 钻石; date of initial appointment 开始任命日期; diameter 直径

Word: dyslexia
Front: dyslexia
[dɪsˈleksiə] (宝 20476/25850)
Vocabulary: dyslexia
(once / 53725 pages)
n
Dyslexia is a reading disorder. For people who have it, letters seem to move on the page or reverse themselves. If you have dyslexia, you may read '12' as '21,' or 'b' as 'd' or even 'p.'
Dyslexia is from the Greek roots dys "difficult," and lexis "word." Although dyslexia literally means difficulty with words, someone who suffers from dyslexia may also have trouble in other areas like math, telling time, or even telling left and right. Famous dyslexics include Thomas Edison, John Lennon, and Whoopi Goldberg.
WORD FAMILY
dyslexia: dyslectic+/dyslectic: dyslectics/ dyslexic: dyslexia
USAGE EXAMPLES
Even relatively benign neurological quirks – say, learning disabilities such as dyslexia – attract cynicism and suspicion.
The Guardian(Dec 30, 2016)
The writer is executive director of the Atlantic Seaboard Dyslexia Education Center.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
He struggled in school and was later diagnosed with dyslexia.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 读写困难
分布：阅读障碍(100%)
→dys-, 不好的。-lex, 阅读，词源同legible, lexicon.
阅读障碍(dys不良+lex+ia病→对词汇不良的病→阅读障碍)[lex,lexic=word,speech,表示"词汇"]
阅读障碍(dys坏+lex词语+ia)[-ia 1.表名词"某种病"2.表名词"总称,状态"]
【记】dys不良，lex词语，ia病一阅读障碍症
【参】dysfunction（n 机能不良）；dysphoria（n 烦躁不安）；lexicon（n 词典）
noun uncountable
■a difficulty with reading and writing caused by the brain's being unable to see the difference between some letter shapes （因无法分清字形而造成的）读写障碍
n. 难语症； [医] 诵读困难；阅读障碍
 - mogilalia, reading disability

Word: dispirited
Front: dispirited
[dɪˈspɪrɪtɪd] (29039/33806)
Vocabulary: dispirited
(once / 3755 pages)
adj
Dispirited means being down in the dumps or depressed. Losing his girlfriend and job on the same day could make someone dispirited — feeling gloomy and absolutely miserable.
You could describe people who are dispirited as having no "spirit." Whether they've broken up with someone they loved or failed to get a promotion they've been working hard to earn, they feel sad, blue, and lack any sort of enthusiasm.
WORD FAMILY
dispirited: dispiritedly, dispiritedness+/dispirit: dispirited, dispiriting, dispirits/dispiriting: dispiritingly/ spirit: dispirit, spirited, spiriting, spiritise, spiritism, spiritize, spiritless, spirits, spiritual /spirited: spiritedest, spiritedly, spiritedness/spiritless: spiritlessly, spiritlessness/spirits: spiritous, spirituous/ spiritual: spiritualise, spiritualism, spirituality, spiritualize, spiritually, spirituals/spiritualise: spiritualisation, spiritualised, spiritualises, spiritualising/spiritualism: spiritualisms, spiritualist, spiritualistic/spiritualist: spiritualists/spiritualistic: spiritualistically/ spirituality: spiritualities/spiritualize: spiritualization, spiritualized, spiritualizes, spiritualizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
"The brisk upswing in mortgage rates and not enough inventory dispirited some would-be buyers," the NAR said in a statement accompanying the figures.
Reuters(Dec 28, 2016)
The silver lining on a presidential election that left much of the country shocked and dispirited?
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
But knowing the score won’t win the cooperation of dispirited individuals often tormented by addiction and mental illness.
Washington Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 沮丧的; 没有精神的; 意气消沉的
分布：沮丧的(84%)，动词dispirit的过去式和过去分词.(16%)
→dis-, 不，非，使相反。spirited, 有精气神的。
US [-tˌɪd] adjective
■not feeling hopeful about a particular situation or problem 沮丧的，灰心的，垂头丧气的
• The troops were dispirited and disorganised. 部队士气低落，纪律涣散。
adj. 沮丧的；没有精神的；意气消沉的
 - blue, disappointed, depressed

Word: drivel
Front: drivel
[ˈdrɪvl] (宝 27601/34571)
Vocabulary: drivel
(once / 7572 pages)
nv
Drivel is useless, boring, nonsensical information. Your parents might think the articles in your favorite fashion magazine are drivel. As a verb, drivel means to talk stupidly or to actually drool.
Etymologists suspect drivel comes to us from the Old Norse word draf, meaning "malt dregs." This would make sense, given that drivel is usually talk or writing about as useless as dregs. If you don't prepare for an oral report, the unfortunate result may be that your teacher finds your disorganized ramblings to be pure drivel. Drivel also means to dribble saliva. If a friendly dog licks your hand, leaving it wet and gooey, you can assume he driveled on it.
WORD FAMILY
drivel: driveled, driveling, drivelled, driveller, drivelling, drivels+/driveller: drivellers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Proving definitively that slapping Mr. Franco’s scenery-eating grin on any old drivel doesn’t guarantee entertainment, “Why Him?” is trite, crass and insultingly moronic.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
This baseless drivel is fake news at its most patently absurd.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
“It is also theologically suspect, and large parts of it are leftist drivel,” he added.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: v. 淌口水，说傻话，胡说
n. 流口水，胡言乱语，糊涂话
时态：drivelled, drivelling, drivels
分布：胡说(27%)，口水(25%)，胡言(20%)，傻话(12%)，流口水(8%)，胡写(8%)
→来自dher, 使泥泞，污浊，词源同dregs, dross. 引申义流鼻涕，胡说，废话。
【记】drive＋l：做过北京的面的就会有体会：北京的driver是最能胡说的，一不留神就上了中央一了。
【区】draw＋l＝慢慢说；gave＋l＝小木槌
['drɪv.əl] disapproving
noun uncountable
■nonsense or boring and unnecessary information 胡说，瞎扯，废话
• You don't believe the drivel you read in the papers, do you? 你不会相信报纸上的胡言乱语，对吧？
• You're talking drivel as usual! 你又和往常一样开始胡说八道了！
n. 鼻涕；口水；糊涂话
 - nasal discharge, snot
vi. 淌口水；流鼻涕；说傻话
 - run at the nose
vt. 浪费
 - lose, spend, waste on, trifle away, hurl away

Word: eightfold
Front: eightfold
['eɪtfəʊld] (37485/43685)
Back: adj. 八倍的; 八层的; 八倍地; 八层地
adv. 八倍地，八层地
分布：八倍的(28%)，八倍地(27%)，八层地(27%)，八层的(18%)
adj. 八倍的；八层的
 - octuple

Word: edmonton
Front: edmonton
['edməntən] (-/23993)
Back: 埃德蒙顿（加拿大西南部城市）（阿尔伯达省省会）

Word: eros

Word: entropy
Front: entropy
[ˈentrəpi] (19607/13494)
Vocabulary: entropy
(once / 63889 pages)
1n 2n
The idea of entropy comes from a principle of thermodynamics dealing with energy. It usually refers to the idea that everything in the universe eventually moves from order to disorder, and entropy is the measurement of that change.
The word entropy finds its roots in the Greek entropia, which means "a turning toward" or "transformation." The word was used to describe the measurement of disorder by the German physicist Rudolph Clausius and appeared in English in 1868. A common example of entropy is that of ice melting in water. The resulting change from formed to free, from ordered to disordered increases the entropy.
WORD FAMILY
entropy
USAGE EXAMPLES
Founded in 2009, Jukin is a market leader in a strange new industry that is organizing and monetizing the entropy of web video.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
But anything it might construct defies entropy in miraculous ways.
Washington Post(Nov 09, 2016)
“When we think about very large communities such as nations, the challenge is extraordinary and the threat of moral entropy is intense.”
Seattle Times(Oct 21, 2016)
Back: n. 熵，平均信息量; 负熵
分布：熵(57%)，平均信息量(19%)，统一性(12%)，一致性(12%)
→en-, 进入，使。-trop, 转，混乱，词源同turn, tropical. 即进入混乱状态，后用于科学术语，指无序状态的测量。
['en.trə.pi] specialized
noun uncountable
■the amount of order or lack of order in a system 熵；混乱，无序

Word: elasticity
Front: elasticity
[ˌi:læˈstɪsəti] (托 14233/10700 -1)
Vocabulary: elasticity
(once / 2513 pages)
n
Something with elasticity can be stretched or pulled and will return to its original size and shape. The elasticity of a balloon means that if you pop it, it shrinks back to the size it was before you blew it up.
Rubber bands have elasticity, and so do tennis balls and even human skin. The quality of something that stretches and then returns to its initial shape — its elasticity — is also a term in physics. Physicists describe it as the tendency of a solid object, after being deformed by forces applied to it, to return to its original shape when those forces are taken away. The Greek root of elasticity is elastos, or "flexible."
WORD FAMILY
elasticity: elasticities+/ elastic: elastically, elasticised, elasticity, elasticized, elastics, inelastic/inelastic: inelastically, inelasticity
USAGE EXAMPLES
One method for attacking this problem is to consider the very simple concept of income elasticity.
New York Times(Dec 05, 2016)
What’s more, Trump has shown some elasticity when it comes to his promises.
Seattle Times(Nov 16, 2016)
The point of all this elasticity is pattern preemption—to destabilize players who’d otherwise slip into comfortable ruts.
Time(Oct 25, 2016)
Back: n. 弹性; 弹力; 灵活性; 伸缩性
分布：弹性(91%)，弹力(6%)，灵活性(2%)，伸缩性(1%)
【反】lack of resilience（缺乏弹性）
US [-ə.tˌi] noun uncountable
■the ability to stretch 弹性；弹力
• As the skin grows older it loses its elasticity. 随着皮肤老化，弹性会慢慢丧失。
■the ability to change 灵活性；顺应性
• There is some elasticity in our plans - nothing has been firmly decided yet. 我们的计划有一定的灵活性——没有甚么是定死的。
n. 弹性； [力] 弹力；灵活性
 - flexibility, give

Word: equanimity
Front: equanimity
[ˌekwəˈnɪməti] (宝 22634/19309)
Vocabulary: equanimity
(once / 2500 pages)
n
If you take the news of your parakeet's death with equanimity, it means you take it calmly without breaking down. Equanimity refers to emotional calmness and balance in times of stress.
If equanimity reminds you of equal, that's because the words have a lot in common. The noun equanimity was borrowed from Latin aequanimitās, from aequanimus "even-tempered, fair," formed from aequus "even, level, equal" plus animus "mind." The archaic phrase to bear with equal mind means "to bear with a calm mind," and is a translation from the Latin. The phrase a level mind also refers to calmness. A near synonym is composure.
WORD FAMILY
equanimous: equanimity
USAGE EXAMPLES
This will give you the chance to prepare yourself, and those you care about, and thus approach your death with some equanimity.
BBC(Nov 30, 2016)
Of course, mindfulness meditation isn’t the only way to achieve equanimity in political life.
Time(Nov 30, 2016)
Over on Florida’s other coast, another first-year head coach, Dirk Koetter, is viewing things with equal equanimity, if for different reasons.
The Guardian(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 平和，镇静
分布：平静(59%)，镇定(41%)
→equ-, 平等，相等。-anim, 呼吸，心境，词源同animal, animation.
平静;沉着(equ平等＋anim生命＋ity→生命平等→平静)[anim=life,spirit,表示"生命,精神"等]
镇静,沉着(equ+anim生命+ity→生命平静→沉着)[equ,equi=equal,even,表示"相等,平均"]
镇定,沉着(equ平等+anim生命)[-ity表名词,指具备某种性质]
【记】equ平等，anim精神，生命－精神平等－沉着e出，quan拼：圈－圈外人，即旁观者清－镇定沉着
【参】animate（v 鼓舞；adj 生气勃勃的）；unanimous（adj 意见一致的）
【反】excitability（n 激发性；兴奋性）；agitation（n 激动；兴奋）；perturbation（n 动摇；混乱）
US [-tˌi] formal
noun uncountable
■calmness and self-control, especially after a shock or disappointment or in a difficult situation （尤指处于震惊、失望或困境时的）镇静，沉着，冷静
• He received the news of his mother's death with remarkable equanimity. 他接到母亲去世的噩耗时表现得异常镇静。
• Three years after the tragedy she has only just begun to regain her equanimity. 悲剧已经过去三年了，她才刚刚开始恢复心情的平静。
n. 平静；镇定
 - peace, equilibrium

Word: electrocute
Front: electrocute
[ɪˈlektrəkju:t] (23224/33805)
Back: vt. <美>处电刑，触电致死
时态：electrocuted, electrocuting, electrocutes
分布：使触电致死(50%)，用电刑处死(25%)，通电致死(25%)
→来自electric和execute的合成词。
verb transitive often passive
■to kill someone by causing electricity to flow through their body 使触电死亡；用电刑处死
• He was electrocuted when he touched the bare wires. 他碰到了那根裸线，触电身亡。

Word: eviscerate
Front: eviscerate
[ɪˈvɪsəreɪt] (托宝 23773/44644)
Vocabulary: eviscerate
(once / 22176 pages)
1vadj 2v 3v
Eviscerate is not a pretty word. To eviscerate can mean to remove the entrails of a creature. On the Discovery Channel you can watch a vulture eviscerate or take out the guts of a dead animal.
The word eviscerate comes from the Latin evisceratus, meaning "to disembowel." It's not strictly used in such a gruesome sense though. Sure, you can eviscerate a chicken by gutting its insides, but eviscerate can also be used to describe when you deprive something of its most important quality. If you take away the disco ball, it could eviscerate the spirit of your dance party.
WORD FAMILY
eviscerate: eviscerated, eviscerates, eviscerating, evisceration+/evisceration: eviscerations
USAGE EXAMPLES
In an upcoming book, “Furious George,” Karl eviscerates seemingly everyone in the league.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Lawyers for the city called the suit a “last-minute ploy to nullify a legislative directive and eviscerate” the city’s promise to protect applicants’ privacy.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
DJ Shadow’s video for Nobody Speak, featuring the vitriolic, eviscerating presence of Run the Jewels, was directed by Sam Pilling and produced by Pulse Films.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: vt. 切除…的内脏
时态：eviscerated, eviscerating, eviscerates
分布：除去精华(50%)，取出内脏(50%)
→e-, 向外。viscera, 内脏。
【记】e出，viscera（n 内脏；内容）－取出内脏e出，viscer读：visa签证：出国时取出签证，也就是取出最重要的东西。
[ɪ'vɪs.ə.reɪt] specialized
verb transitive
■to remove one or all of the organs from the inside of a body 切除…的内脏；移去…的内部器官
vt. 取出内脏；除去精华
 - gut

Word: farsi

Word: experimentally
Front: experimentally
[ɪkˌsperɪ'mentəlɪ] (六 16281/12401)
Back: adv. 实验（性）地; 实际上，实际证明，通过实验; 用实验方法
分布：实验上(60%)，实验性地(40%)
ADJ-GRADED
试验性的
Something that is experimental is new or uses new ideas or methods, and might be modified later if it is unsuccessful.
例：...an experimental air conditioning system...试验性的空调系统
例：He tends to write bizarre and highly experimental pieces of music...他倾向于创作高度试验性而且风格奇异的音乐作品。
ADJ
实验的;用于实验的;根据实验的
Experimental means using, used in, or resulting from scientific experiments.
例：...the main techniques of experimental science.实验科学的主要技术
例：...the use of experimental animals...实验动物的使用
ADJ
（行动）试验性的，试探性的
An experimental action is done in order to see what it is like, or what effects it has.
例：The British Sports Minister is reported to be ready to argue for an experimental lifting of the ban.据报道，英国体育大臣准备争取试行取消那条禁令。

Word: fatalistic
Front: fatalistic
[ˌfeɪtəˈlɪstɪk] (22569/23321)
Vocabulary: fatalistic
(once / 13477 pages)
adj
Use the adjective fatalistic to describe someone who believes outcomes are determined in advance and can't be changed. If you think there’s no way you can pass your math exam and studying won’t change anything, then you’re fatalistic.
When you pronounce fatalistic, you can hear the word fate. That’s a clue that fatalistic is in some way related to fate — as in destiny. A fatalistic person believes in destiny: whatever is meant to happen will happen. Fatalistic often relates to bad things. If someone has a fatalistic attitude toward a situation, chances are that means the person is expecting things to turn out badly and sees no point in trying to change that outcome.
WORD FAMILY
fatalistic: fatalistically+/ fatal: fataler, fatalest, fatalism, fatality, fatally, nonfatal/ fatalism: fatalisms, fatalist, fatalistic / fatalist: fatalists/ fatality: fatalities/nonfatal: nonfatally
USAGE EXAMPLES
Tolstoy’s fatalistic heroine aside, the small and sprightly McCauley usually played the cheerful ingenue.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
This fatalistic stance relies on widely held but mistaken assumptions about what constitutes normal aging.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
“I was pretty fatalistic about it,” he said.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 宿命论的
分布：宿命论的(100%)
adj. 宿命论的
 - necessitarian

Word: eyelid
Front: eyelid
[ˈaɪlɪd] (8666/9060 -1)
Vocabulary: eyelid
(once / 750 pages)
n
Your eyelid is the piece of skin that closes over your eyeball when you blink. The purpose of your eyelids is to protect your eye (and, of course, to be decorated with eye shadow).
When you close your eyes to go to sleep, you're actually closing your eyelids — and they are making it easier for you to sleep by blocking any light from your eyes. Humans actually have upper and lower eyelids that keep dust, sweat, and other substances out of their eyes, and also spread moisture across the entire eye with each blink.
WORD FAMILY
eyelid: eyelids
USAGE EXAMPLES
Few would dare start to learn Latin dance here, but if you do, no one will bat an eyelid.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
The lights surprise most travelers, who are typically staring into phones, computers or closed eyelids.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
They were like tiny pimples, each with whitish pus at the tips, and they covered the whole of his face, even his eyelids.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Back: n. 眼睑; 眼皮
分布：眼睑(66%)，眼皮(34%)
noun countable
■either of the two pieces of skin which can close over each eye 眼睑，眼皮
n. [解剖] 眼睑；眼皮
 - palpebrae, lid

Word: flute
Front: flute
[flu:t] (8833/8923 -1)
Vocabulary: flute
(once / 813 pages)
1n 2n 3nv
A flute is a thin woodwind instrument: you blow into it and put your fingers over the holes to make music.
There are many types of instruments, such as percussion, brass, and woodwind. One of the most popular woodwind instruments is the flute, which is thin and makes high-pitched sounds. The flute looks like a type of thin tube or pipe with a hole on each end and holes on the body: your fingers go up and down over the holes and you blow into the flute to make music. A flute player is called a flautist.
WORD FAMILY
flute: flautist, fluted, flutes, fluting, flutist+/flautist: flautists/fluting: flutings/flutist: flutists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sure enough, we discover that our ancestors crafted one of the hapless bear’s bones into a flute, one of the oldest artifacts of human ingenuity.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Mozart was working in a theater and writing songs for a company that was almost like a circus when he wrote “The Magic Flute.”
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Massive Attack brought everyone down, then Patrick played African drums and guitar and then a flute and we all laid on yoga mats.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: n. 长笛，长笛吹奏者; 细长香槟杯; （柱上的）凹槽; （女服的）管状裙褶
v. 吹长笛，发笛声; 用长笛吹，用长笛般的声音歌唱; 在…上刻凹槽
时态：fluted, fluting, flutes
分布：长笛(78%)，吹长笛(16%)，凹槽(4%)，发出笛声(1%)，刻凹槽(1%)
→词源不确定。可能为拟声词或来自辅音丛bl, fl, 吹，鼓起，词源同blow, flatulent. 用来指一种木管乐器。
noun countable
■a tube-shaped musical instrument with a hole that you blow across at one end while holding the tube out horizontally to one side of you 长笛

Word: fettle
Front: fettle
[ˈfetl] (-/34258)
Vocabulary: fettle
(once / 23782 pages)
1n 2v
Fettle is the state or condition you're in, especially if it's positive. You might describe your bouncy, healthy puppy as being in fine fettle.
You'll almost always see the adjective "fine" describing the noun fettle. Being in fine fettle means feeling good, being healthy, or having an energetic approach to something. A powerful speaker who gives a particularly rousing speech is in fine fettle, and an 80 year old marathon runner is also in fine fettle. In 1700s Lancashire dialect, fettle meant "to make ready," or "to prepare for battle," from the Old English word fetel, "belt or girdle."
WORD FAMILY
fettle: fettled, fettles, fettling
USAGE EXAMPLES
Now Clinton has rebounded in a fine fettle, just in time to make the case for her candidacy as Ohio wraps up its voter-registration period.
Time(Oct 03, 2016)
Even so, the industry does not look in fine fettle.
Economist(Aug 18, 2016)
Lastly, the sound system wasn’t in the finest fettle either.
Los Angeles Times(Aug 05, 2016)
Back: n. 状态，情绪
vt. <英>殴打，修补，整顿
时态：fettled, fettling, fettles
分布：状态(100%)
→词源不确定。可能来自古英语fetel, 带子，腰带，来自fetor, 链子。通常用于短语in fine fettle, 身心俱佳。原用于战争行话，即上战场前扎好腰带，比喻准备妥当。
US ['fetˌ-] old-fashioned informal
■in fine/good fettle
■healthy or strong, or in good condition 健康的；身强体壮的；状况良好的
• "How was Jane?" "Oh, she was in fine fettle." “简怎么样？”“她身体很好。”
vt. （英）修补
 - piece up, patch up
n. 情绪；身体状况
 - mood, emotion, spirit, feeling, sentiment

Word: fife
Front: fife
[faɪf] (24130/10579)
Back: n. 横笛，吹横笛
v. 吹横笛
分布：横笛(100%)
→来自德语Pfeife, 管，横笛。拟声词，模仿吹笛的声音。

Word: fisticuff

Word: firing
Front: firing
[ˈfaɪərɪŋ] (6587/9519)
Back: n. 开火; 生火; 烧窑; 烘烤
v. 开火，射击( fire的现在分词 ); <口>解雇; 射（箭）; 激励
分布：开火(43%)，解雇(39%)，生火(8%)，燃料(5%)，加热(3%)，动词fire的现在分词.(2%)
US ['faɪ.rɪŋ] mainly US
noun countable
■an act of removing someone from their job 解雇，开除
• hirings and firings 聘用和解雇
n. 开火；烧制；解雇；生火
 - discharge, dismissal
v. 开火；烧制；解雇（fire的ing形式）；点燃；激励
 - lighting, urging

Word: flammable
Front: flammable
[ˈflæməbl] (宝 18206/25367)
Vocabulary: flammable
(once / 3781 pages)
adj
Don't smoke when you're getting gas at the gas station! Gasoline is flammable, as is dry grass, old wood, cloth and mattresses.
Flammable is a pretty straightforward word with one odd fact about it. The word, inflammable, which sounds like the opposite of flammable, actually means the same thing — easily catching on fire. If you want to say that something won't catch fire easily, use fireproof and you'll be sure to be right.
WORD FAMILY
flammable: flammability, inflammable, nonflammable+/inflammability: inflammabilities/ inflammable: inflammability, inflammablest, inflammably
USAGE EXAMPLES
In response to the lie, the Finns sarcastically named their own bombs — bottles filled with flammable fuel — Molotov cocktails.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
He compared the flammable nature of a Christmas tree to a chip pan and said they burned ferociously if they caught fire.
BBC(Dec 26, 2016)
Security camera footage shows the person enter the store and spray an unknown flammable liquid, dousing Wicks and the area around him, authorities say.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 易燃的，可燃的
分布：易燃的(68%)，易燃品(20%)，可燃性的(12%)
→来自flame, 燃烧。
易燃的(flame+able)[flam,flagr=blaze,表示"火焰"]
【记】flam火，mable能－易燃的；
adjective
■describes something that burns easily 易燃的
• Caution! This solvent is highly flammable. 小心！这种溶剂是高度易燃品。
adj. [物] 易燃的； [热] 可燃的；可燃性的
 - combustible, tindery
n. [物] 易燃物
 - tinderbox, inflammable

Word: glassy
Front: glassy
[ˈglɑ:si] (托 15665/16151)
Vocabulary: glassy
(once / 2188 pages)
1adj 2adj
If your eyes are glassy, they're lifeless, glazed and emotionless. A stuffed teddy bear has glassy eyes, and so does an overtired toddler.
You might spend a glassy-eyed hour every morning before you've completely woken up and are ready to start your day. You can also describe shiny, glossy substances as glassy: "The glassy surface of the ice-covered sidewalk made her walk with tiny, careful steps." Glassy comes from the Old English glæs, "glass," and its Proto-Indo-European root ghel-, "to shine."
WORD FAMILY
glassy: glassier, glassiest, glassily+/ glass: glass-like, glassed, glassful, glassing, glassless, glassy /glassful: glassfuls
USAGE EXAMPLES
After estimating sulfur's crystallization rate, they could then compare how much was preserved in the glassy blobs to the amount of uranium.
Science Magazine(Nov 30, 2016)
Jeff Barker sat on the curb outside a shelter Tuesday afternoon, his eyes bloodshot and glassy with tears.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
Seattle is crane city, a tech-fueled construction site of glassy high-rises.
Seattle Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 似玻璃的; 像玻璃一样光滑的; （眼神）呆滞的; 无生气的
adv. （目光）呆滞地，无生气地
级别：glassier, glassiest
分布：如镜的(53%)，呆滞的(47%)
US ['glæs.i] adjective
SURFACE 表面 literary
■describes a surface which is smooth and shiny, like glass （表面）光亮的，光滑的
• a glassy sea/lake 明净的海面／湖面
UK ['glɑ:.si] US ['glæs.i] adjective
EYES 眼睛（的）
■describes a person's eyes when they have a fixed expression and seem unable to see anything （目光）呆滞的，木然的
• Her eyes were glassy and her skin pale. 她目光呆滞，面色苍白。
adj. 像玻璃的；光亮透明的；呆滞的
 - dull, inert

Word: gallantry
Front: gallantry
[ˈgæləntri] (托 26400/20964)
Vocabulary: gallantry
(once / 993 pages)
1n 2n
Gallantry is an old-fashioned word for brave behavior in a man, especially on the battlefield.
Another meaning for gallantry is an extreme form of courtesy and respect towards women, often referred to as chivalry, and the two words are used interchangeably. The most famous examples of gallantry and chivalry can be found in the stories of the mythical King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table, who were always fighting other knights for the favor of a fair princess's hand.
WORD FAMILY
gallantry: gallantries
USAGE EXAMPLES
Art Duncan transferred to the Royal Flying Corps, where he was twice decorated for conspicuous aerial gallantry.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Gallantry might be nice, but women need to feel both equal and safe.
New York Times(Nov 12, 2016)
In the Tharp, especially, he seemed elated, his movements clean and muscular, his partnering illuminated by an easy charm and gallantry.
New York Times(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: n. 勇敢; （对女子的）殷勤; 礼貌的言行
分布：殷勤(75%)，勇气(25%)
n. 勇敢；殷勤；风流；勇敢的行为
 - bravery, hospitality

Word: ghoulish
Front: ghoulish
['ɡu:lɪʃ] (23706/24222)
Vocabulary: ghoulish
(once / 16885 pages)
adj
Ghoulish things are scary or morbid. A ghoulish sense of humor favors jokes about death and gore.
An interest in other people's misfortune could be called ghoulish, and so could a fascination with deadly car accidents or plane crashes. The horrified feeling you might get when you think about death is the essence of something ghoulish. This adjective comes from ghoul, an evil spirit, from the Arabic ġūl , a mythological corpse-eating demon.
WORD FAMILY
ghoulish: ghoulishly+/ ghoul: ghoulish, ghouls
USAGE EXAMPLES
Not so Edward Gorey, who was almost as eccentric as his ghoulishly humorous drawings, with their mysterious black-clad ladies, long-suffering children and ominous menageries.
New York Times(Dec 19, 2016)
If the concept sounds ghoulish, the effect of the show is anything but.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
On a wrong turn yesterday I came upon a grand juxtaposition of ghoulish Halloween decorations beside an oversized campaign sign.
The Guardian(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 食尸鬼似的，残忍的
分布：食尸鬼似的(70%)，恐怖的(30%)
adjective
■ugly and unpleasant, or frightening 丑恶的；令人憎恶的；可怕的
• ghoulish faces 狰狞可怕的脸
■disapproving
■connected with death and unpleasant things 有关死亡的；恐怖的
• He takes a ghoulish delight in reading about horrific murders. 他有一种病态嗜好，热衷于阅读与恐怖谋杀案有关的东西。
adj. 食尸鬼似的；令人毛骨悚然的
 - creepy, spine-chilling

Word: frat
Front: frat
[fræt] (19132/-)
Vocabulary: frat
(once / 22818 pages)
n
A frat is a club for male college students. The stereotypical frat boy is a rich kid on spring break drinking beer, doing chest bumps, and crashing Daddy’s Mercedes. But of course some frat boys are very nice. Seriously, bro.
The word frat is short for fraternity, and both words mean "body of men associated by common interest," from the Latin root fraternitatem, or "brotherhood." A frat will usually have their own house and a name made up of two or three Greek letters. A frat can be a close-knit community of young men who live, work, and volunteer in the community together. Some frats, however, are exclusionary societies that haze new members and throw drunken campus parties.
WORD FAMILY
frat: frats
USAGE EXAMPLES
John Landis’ comedy classic hosts the best frat party of all time.
Salon(Dec 31, 2016)
The banners were to promote the pub’s New Year’s Eve “frat party”, billed as an event “sure to anger the neighbours”.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
A software developer who acts like a frat boy.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 兄弟会
分布：兄弟会(76%)，大学男生联谊社(16%)，=fraternity.(8%)
noun countable US informal for
■fraternity (= a social organization for male university students in the US and Canada) （美国或加拿大的）男大学生联谊会

Word: gastronomic
Front: gastronomic
[ˌgæstrəˈnɒmɪk] (26812/24599)
Back: adj. 美食（烹饪）法的，烹任学的
分布：烹饪法的(51%)，烹任学的(33%)，=gastronomical.(16%)
US [-'nɑ:.mɪk] adjective (also gastronomical)
■relating to the preparation and consumption (= eating) of good food 美食的；烹饪法的
• This dish is a gastronomic delight. 这道菜令人大快朵颐。

Word: geostationary
Front: geostationary
[ˌdʒi:əʊ'steɪʃnrɪ] (36464/43917)
Back: adj. 与地球的相对位置不变的
分布：与地球旋转同步的(100%)

Word: glutton
Front: glutton
[ˈglʌtn] (29632/33746)
Vocabulary: glutton
(once / 3828 pages)
1n 2n
Do you like to eat and drink — I mean, really like to eat and drink? Then you might be a glutton.
We all have our favorite foods and drinks, but some people are a little more into it than others — these people are gluttons. Someone who's a glutton because they just eat too much is different from a gourmet or gourmand, who enjoys only the best food. This word also is used in phrases like "glutton for punishment," which you might say about a student who asks for extra homework.
WORD FAMILY
glutton: gluttonise, gluttonize, gluttonous, gluttons+/gluttonize: gluttonized/ gluttonous: gluttonously
USAGE EXAMPLES
In a sense, they were all better people when they were hungry, and they took down many overly confident gluttons in their journey.
Salon(Oct 23, 2016)
The old man is lucky to be surrounded by so many gluttons for punishment.
Washington Post(Oct 20, 2016)
Queen Victoria, who was something of a glutton, was able to put away seven courses in less than half an hour.
BBC(Oct 15, 2016)
Back: n. 贪食者; <口>贪图者; 酷爱…的人; 狼獾
分布：贪吃者(100%)
→来自gwele, 喉咙，吞食，词源同gullet.
贪吃者(glut吞吃)[-on表名词,指人,物和一些物理学上的名词]
【记】glut（v 过食），ton吨－吃一吨东西的人－贪吃者
【反】gluttonous（adj 贪吃的）－abstentious（adj 节制的）
US ['glʌtˌ-] disapproving
noun countable
■a person who regularly eats and drinks more than is needed 贪吃的人；暴饮暴食者
UK ['glʌt.ən] US ['glʌtˌ-] disapproving
noun countable
be a glutton for sth
■to like something very much 酷爱；贪图；对…如饥似渴
• Sophie is a glutton for books. 苏菲酷爱读书。
UK ['glʌt.ən] US ['glʌtˌ-] disapproving
noun countable
be a glutton for punishment
■to be someone who seems to enjoy doing something that you consider unpleasant 刻苦耐劳的人；任劳任怨的人
• He's a real glutton for punishment, taking on all that extra work without getting paid for it. 他真是个任劳任怨的人，不计报酬地承担所有额外的工作。
n. 酷爱…的人；贪吃的人
 - chowhound, swallower

Word: gobi
Front: gobi
['gəʊbɪ] (-/43196)
Back: n. 戈壁，戈壁沙漠，戈壁滩
分布：戈壁(100%)
n. 戈壁沙漠
 - Gobi Desert

Word: gomorrah

Word: hither
Front: hither
[ˈhɪðə(r)] (25331/21659)
Back: adv. <古>到此处，向此处
分布：附近的(100%)
→来自Proto-Germanic*hi,这里，来自ki,这里，词源同here,he,-ther,工具格后缀。
US [-ɚ] adverb old use or formal
■to or towards this place 到这里；向这里
• Come hither, young sir! 到这里来，少爷！
UK ['hɪð.ər] US [-ɚ] adverb old use or formal
hither and thither (literary hither and yon)
■in many directions 到处
• In clearer water, one encounters shoals of tiny fish, which dart hither and thither like flights of arrows. 在清澈的水中可以见到一群群的小鱼，它们像箭一样飞快地游来游去。
adv. 到这里；在这里
 - here

Word: gradualism
Front: gradualism
[ˈgrædʒuəlɪzəm] (33293/36494)
Back: n. 渐进主义，按步就班主义
分布：渐进主义(100%)
n. 渐进主义；按步就班主义
 - Incrementalism

Word: hourglass
Front: hourglass
[ˈaʊəglɑ:s] (20742/-)
Back: n. 沙漏
分布：水漏(50%)，砂漏(25%)，时漏(25%)
→一种含沙子的玻璃容器，沙子全部漏完刚好一小时。后用于形容体型丰满的女人，如美国模特金.卡戴珊。
US ['aʊr.glæs] noun countable
■a glass container filled with sand that takes one hour to move from an upper to a lower part through a narrow opening in the middle, used especially in the past to measure time （用于计时的）沙漏
n. 沙漏； [计量] 水漏
 - sandglass

Word: homogeneity
Front: homogeneity
[ˌhɒmədʒəˈni:əti] (宝 15566/16385)
Vocabulary: homogeneity
(once / 15410 pages)
n
Homogeneity is the sameness of things. If you're looking for homogeneity in your wardrobe, you'll want shirts and jeans that all have something similar about them.
Homogeneity can also mean that something is the same throughout. Plain yogurt has a homogeneity about it — it's white all the way through and it should be the same texture throughout. On the other hand, yogurt with fruit at the bottom can be described as having heterogeneity — different textures and different colors. The Greek root homo-, means "same," and genos means "race" or "kind" — so homogeneity is the quality of being "the same kind."
WORD FAMILY
homogeneity: homogeneities+/ homogeneous: homogeneity, homogeneously, homogeneousness, homogenise, homogenize, inhomogeneous/homogenise: homogenisation, homogenised/homogenised: unhomogenised/ homogenize: homogenization, homogenized, homogenizes, homogenizing/homogenized: unhomogenized/homogeny: homogeneous, homogenous /inhomogeneous: inhomogeneity
USAGE EXAMPLES
But because, in encouraging that homogeneity, it locks English soccer — as opposed to the multinational Premier League — in stasis.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
The most visible trend in recent awards seasons has to do not with lapels or lace but with the overwhelming homogeneity of nominees.
Time(Nov 30, 2016)
All else equal, homogeneity and solidarity are linked.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. 同种，同质，同次性; 一致性; 齐性; 均匀性
分布：同质(82%)，同种(10%)，同次性(8%)
→来自homogenize,同质，同质化处理。
N-UNCOUNT
同种;同质
Homogeneity is the quality of being homogeneous.
例：The government panicked into imposing a kind of cultural homogeneity.政府在恐慌下开始强制实施某种文化统一政策。

Word: hunker
Front: hunker
[ˈhʌŋkə(r)] (15585/41816)
Vocabulary: hunker
(once / 14521 pages)
v
To hunker is to crouch: to bend your body into a low, small shape. When you're playing hide and seek, you may decide to hunker in the back of a closet until you're found.
You hunker physically when you're hiding or making space for other people or squatting to talk to a small child. You can also hunker figuratively, like when you hunker down in your house during a snowstorm, waiting to venture out until the roads have been plowed. Another way to hunker down is to focus on a task and work extra hard. We know hunker is a Scottish word, but beyond that its origins aren't clear.
WORD FAMILY
hunker: hunkered, hunkering, hunkers
USAGE EXAMPLES
And fear that something even worse might lie ahead caused consumers to hunker down and stop spending.
Time(Dec 22, 2016)
Solar power companies, meanwhile, are hunkering down for a rough 2017.
Reuters(Dec 15, 2016)
In the northeast, you quickly find yourself in Irish countryside: ash trees, low stone walls, thick-walled homes hunkered down against the chill.
The New Yorker(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: vi. 盘坐
n. 守旧者
时态：hunkered, hunkering, hunkers
分布：蹲(54%)，蹲坐(46%)
→来自苏格兰语，词源不详，或同huckster.
US [-kɚ] verb
  Phrasal Verbs  hunker down US
■to sit down on your heels 蹲着；蹲坐
• We hunkered down round the campfire, toasting marshmallows. 我们蹲在营火旁烤棉花糖。
■to make yourself comfortable in a place or situation, or to prepare to stay in a place or position for a long time, usually in order to achieve something or for protection 蹲守；准备长期逗留在某处
• The press have hunkered down for the night outside the palace, waiting for news of the royal birth. 媒体在王宫外守候了一夜，等候王室添丁的消息。
vi. 蹲下，盘坐
 - bend down, squat down
n. 守旧者
 - conservative, frump

Word: hooker
Front: hooker
[ˈhʊkə(r)] (13264/10568 -1)
Back: n. 渔船; 妓女
分布：妓女(95%)，小渔船(5%)
→来自hook,钩，比喻用法。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
SEX 性 informal
■a prostitute (= woman who has sex for money) 妓女
UK ['hʊk.ər] US [-ɚ] noun countable
SPORT 体育运动
■a rugby player who pulls the ball out of the scrum with his foot （英式橄榄球赛中并列争球时的）钩球队员
n. 妓女；渔船
 - sporting woman, hetaerae

Word: html

Word: inquisitor
Front: inquisitor
[ɪnˈkwɪzɪtə(r)] (22971/27120)
Vocabulary: inquisitor
(once / 4788 pages)
n
Inquisitor is what you call someone who asks questions in an aggressive way, like a prosecutor in a courtroom, or a parent who wants to know everything you did last night.
This word comes from 4th century Rome, where the Church hired religious detectives, called Inquisitors, to root out people who disobeyed the Church's rules. So inquisitors have always been aggressive, even though there's nothing particularly harsh or aggressive about the Latin root quærere, which simply means "ask" or "seek."
WORD FAMILY
inquisitor: inquisitorial, inquisitors+/inquisitorial: inquisitorially
USAGE EXAMPLES
Film Critics for his remarkable turn as the inquisitor.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 05, 2016)
He told his inquisitors that the ethics charges were “ridiculous.”
Time(Sep 30, 2016)
In the novel, the inquisitor collects tales about the children and the dog from other travelers.
Washington Post(Sep 27, 2016)
Back: n. 询问者; 检察官; 审理者; （尤指天主教对异教徒的）审判者
分布：检察官(42%)，询问者(33%)，审问者(25%)
→词源同inquisition,盘问，责难。
US [-tˌɚ] formal disapproving
noun countable
■someone who asks a lot of questions 调查人；询问者；盘问者
• The prime minister found himself arraigned before the media inquisitors. 首相发现自己遭到媒体记者的责问。
n. 检察官；询问者；审问者
 - law officer, procurator

Word: incredulous
Front: incredulous
[ɪnˈkredjələs] (14129/16217 -1)
Vocabulary: incredulous
(once / 728 pages)
adj
If you are incredulous that means you can't or won't believe something. If you tell people about those aliens you met the other night, they'll probably give you an incredulous look.
Incredulous is the opposite of credulous, which means "believing too easily." Both words come from the Latin word credere, which means "to believe." Incredulous is stronger than skeptical; if you're incredulous of something, you refuse to believe it, but if you're skeptical, you're doubtful but you haven't ruled it out completely. If someone insists that your best friend is actually an underworld spy, you'll probably look at them with incredulous anger.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
incredible / incredulous
Incredible describes something you can't believe because it's so right, like an incredible double rainbow. Incredulous describes how you feel when you can't believe something because it's so wrong, like when someone tells you leprechauns left two pots of gold.
If you pay attention to advertising, we live in an incredible world: Your local team had an incredible comeback. The latest movie is an incredible adventure. Wash your hair with this new shampoo and get incredible shine.
It's enough to make you incredulous, or skeptical.
Incredible isn't just an empty modifier for some new product. The adjective means that what it describes is hard to believe. People use it to mean it's so awesome you can't even believe it. It's usually something good, but bad stuff, like earthquakes, can be hard to believe, too:
He is an incredible player: Hall of Fame talent combined with world-class relentlessness. (New York Times)
Japanese earthquake, tsunami causes incredible damage; effects felt in U.S. (North Jefferson News)
The brain drain out of rural America has been incredible. (Reuters)
Incredulous describes someone unable to believe something, someone being super skeptical. Put your fists on your hips and say "no way!"when you're incredulous. It comes from the Latin incredulous, meaning not believing. Incredulous describes people, and their reactions to things they can't believe:
Asked whether writing the book forced him to seize on moments that he might otherwise have passed over he looked incredulous. (New York Times)
"Do you mean," he began, and paused, scrutinizing her tortured face with disconcerted, incredulous eyes. (F.E. Mills Young)
Something incredible is not credible; it's unbelievable.People, rainbows, and other things can be described as incredible (just check that shampoo label), but only people can feel incredulous, or unbelieving and a little irked.
WORD FAMILY
incredulous: incredulity, incredulously +/ credulity: credulities, overcredulity/ credulous: credulity, credulously, credulousness, incredulous, overcredulous/ incredulity: incredulities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Let’s say they were Dutch – watched amused and incredulous.
The Guardian(Dec 28, 2016)
Incredulous children often ask parents or teachers, “Is it real?”
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
The police chief said the owner was “incredulous” that police broke the window to rescue the mannequin.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 表示怀疑的，不相信的
分布：怀疑的(53%)，不轻信的(47%)
→in-,不，非，credulous,轻信的。
不轻信的(in不+credulous轻信的→不轻信的)[creed,cred=believe,trust,表示"相信,信任"]
【记】credulous（adj 轻信的）cred相信，ulous多－多相信的
【区】incredible（adj 难以置信的）
adjective
■not wanting or not able to believe something, and usually showing this 不愿相信的；不能相信的；表示怀疑的
• A few incredulous spectators watched as Paterson, ranked 23rd in the world, beat the champion. 一些观众观看了世界排名第23位的派特森击败世界冠军，他们简直不敢相信。
incredible, incredulous, credulous, unimaginable, credible
incredible: adj 不可相信的（前两个含被动意味）；
incredulous: 不轻易相信的（后两个含被动意义）；
credulous: 轻信的，易受骗的；
unimaginable: 不能想象的，想不到的，难以理解的
credible: adj 可信的；
adj. 怀疑的；不轻信的
 - skeptical, suspicious

Word: immunise

Word: imponderable
Front: imponderable
[ɪmˈpɒndərəbl] (宝 35424/34561)
Vocabulary: imponderable
(once / 16038 pages)
adjn
Imponderable describes a situation that isn't able to be completely explained. "Where did we come from?" is one of those imponderable questions that defy human's ability for understanding.
If something is ponderable, it is capable of being assessed or weighed; stick im- in front and you get the opposite effect. Use imponderable to describe something that is elusive and vague, perhaps even evasive. When your question doesn't have a definitive answer, you are in imponderable territory: "Life has many imponderable questions, such as why you park in a driveway and drive on parkway."
WORD FAMILY
imponderable: imponderables, imponderably+/ ponder: ponderable, pondered, ponderer, pondering, ponders/ponderable: imponderable, ponderably/ponderer: ponderers/pondering: ponderingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her United Parcel Service Inc. driver showed up so often to her New Hampshire home that her 8-year-old daughter started pondering the imponderable.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 23, 2016)
As the world started to ponder the imponderables of the coming Donald Trump Administration, the U.F.C. had reason to cheer.
The New Yorker(Nov 11, 2016)
The planning is thorough, the intentions are good, but there are many imponderables.
BBC(Oct 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 不可衡量的，不可估量的; 极轻的
n. 无法估量的事物
分布：无法估量的事物(30%)，无法计算的(28%)，无重量的(28%)，不可估价的(14%)
→im-,不，非，ponderable,可衡量的，可估量的。
【记】ponder（v 沉思；考虑）
【参】ponderous（adj 沉重的；笨重的）
US [-'pɑ:n-] formal
noun countable
■something that cannot be guessed or calculated because it is completely unknown （效果或结果）无法预测（或估量）的
• There are too many imponderables to make an accurate forecast. 无法估量的事情太多，因而难以作出准确的预测。
adj. 无重量的；无法计算的
 - weightless

Word: illegitimacy
Front: illegitimacy
[ˌɪlə'dʒɪtəməsɪ] (19287/25170)
Back: n. 不法; 私生; 反常; 不合逻辑
分布：私生(46%)，不法(23%)，不合理(20%)，不规则(11%)
非法,不正当(il+legitim+acy)[leg,legis=law,表示"法律"]
n. 私生；不法；反常，不合逻辑
 - deregulation, perversion

Word: interferometer
Front: interferometer
[ˌɪntəfɪə'rɒmɪtə] (23857/-)
Back: n. 干涉仪
分布：干涉仪(100%)

Word: katanga

Word: interfaith
Front: interfaith
[ˈɪntəfeɪθ] (16266/-)
Back: adj. 不同宗教信仰者（间）的，不同宗教团体（间）的
分布：不同宗教信仰者的(60%)，多种信仰的(40%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，faith,信仰。
US [-tˌɚ-] adjective
■relating to activities involving members of different religions 不同宗教信仰者（间）的
• interfaith prayers/services/relations 不同宗教信仰者的祷告／礼拜／关系

Word: kale
Front: kale
[keɪl] (16822/43677)
Vocabulary: kale
(once / 8834 pages)
1n 2n
Kale is a green leafy vegetable that's a close relative of cabbage and broccoli. Kale is tough and bitter when raw, but it can be yummy when you prepare it the right way.
If you're a fan of green smoothies, there's almost certainly some kale in them. Marinating kale, roasting it with olive oil and salt, and throwing it in a stir fry are all great ways to make kale tasty. Long ago, kale was also a slang term for "money," as in, "Hand over the kale, sweetheart, and nobody gets hurt." Kale comes from a Scottish variation on cole, which meant "cabbage" in Middle English.
WORD FAMILY
kale: kales
USAGE EXAMPLES
And it’s unlikely that kale chips will become more delicious than pizza.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
Other names include white beet, strawberry spinach, seakale beet, leaf beet, Sicilian beet, spinach beet, Chilean beet, Roman kale and silverbeet.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Those may include strawberries, bananas, blueberries, Greek yogurt, apples, kiwi or kale.
Washington Post(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: n. 羽衣甘蓝; 无头甘蓝
分布：甘蓝类蔬菜(100%)
→来自cole苏格兰拼写变体，白菜，词源同collard,coleslaw,cauliflower.
noun uncountable
■a type of cabbage with green or purple tightly curled leaves 羽衣甘蓝
n. [植] 羽衣甘蓝；蔬菜汤
 - collard, vegetable soup

Word: kiribati

Word: kochi

Word: magnanimous
Front: magnanimous
[mægˈnænɪməs] (雅宝 23690/20899)
Vocabulary: magnanimous
(once / 950 pages)
adj
A magnanimous person has a generous spirit. Letting your little sister have the last of the cookies, even though you hadn't eaten since breakfast, would be considered a magnanimous act.
Magnanimous comes from Latin magnus "great" and animus "soul," so it literally describes someone who is big-hearted. A person can show that over-sized spirit by being noble or brave, or by easily forgiving others and not showing resentment. It implies superiority, and is something you should say of others rather than of yourself. Being magnanimous doesn't require doling out tons of cash — just being an understanding and tolerant soul will do the trick.
WORD FAMILY
magnanimous: magnanimity, magnanimously, magnanimousness+/ magnanimity: magnanimities
USAGE EXAMPLES
He struck a tone that was meant to be both magnanimous and statesmanlike.
The Guardian(Dec 30, 2016)
“The United States was magnanimous after defeating Japan. It did not impose harsh terms. If anything, the U.S. provided very generous support, humanitarian and economic.”
Seattle Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Despite Bush’s bitter disappointment at his loss to Democrat Bill Clinton, he left a magnanimous handwritten letter in the Oval Office.
The Guardian(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 宽宏大量的，有雅量的; 弘量; 宽大; 落落大方
分布：高尚的(33%)，有雅量的(31%)，宽大的(26%)，度量大的(10%)
→magn-,大的，-anim,思想，精神，灵魂，词源同animal,unanimous.引申词义宽宏的，大度的。
心胸博大的(magn大＋anim生命＋ous→大生命→心胸博大)[anim=life,spirit,表示"生命,精神"等]
【记】magn大，anim生命，ous－宽宏大量的
【参】equanimity（n 镇静）；magnify（v 放大）；magnate（n 大资本家）
adjective formal
■very kind and generous towards an enemy or someone you have defeated （对敌人或失败者）宽宏大量的，大度的
• Arsenal's manager was magnanimous in victory, and praised the losing team. 兵工厂队的主教练在胜利后展现风度，称赞了落败的对手。
adj. 宽宏大量的；有雅量的；宽大的
 - generous, liberal

Word: madras
Front: madras
[məˈdræs] (28163/22347 -1)
Vocabulary: madras
(once / 168848 pages)
n
Madras is a type of cotton cloth that's patterned with a colorful plaid design. If you're headed to a preppy country club, you might want to wear your favorite madras shorts.
Madras is a fabric that's commonly worn during the warmest months and can be spotted in the form of golfers' pants, men's summer jackets, and women's sundresses. This distinctive cloth is named for the place it was originally made, the Indian city once called Madras, which is known today as Chennai.
WORD FAMILY
madras
USAGE EXAMPLES
For men, there were plenty of fashions in madras plaid, including shirts, pants and vests.
Seattle Times(Sep 10, 2016)
The care home will host a celebratory curry night this week which will include including Mrs Phillips' favourite prawn madras.
BBC(Apr 05, 2016)
They feel they’ve made a big effort to get “dressed up” when they’re in pressed dark jeans, a crisp madras shirt and a quilted vest.
Wall Street Journal(Mar 16, 2016)
Back: n. 马德拉斯布（一种薄棉布），一种结实耐用的丝绸
分布：马德拉斯布(50%)，马德拉斯头巾(50%)
→来自印度南部泰米尔邦首府Chennai旧称Madras.该城市名可能来自阿拉伯语madrasa,学校。

Word: lesion
Front: lesion
[ˈli:ʒn] (宝 8422/6820 -1)
Vocabulary: lesion
(once / 4180 pages)
n
A lesion is an injury to the living tissue on your body, like your skin or an organ. Usually a lesion involves a break or wound to the skin, so protect it with a bandage so that it heals quickly.
Lesion, pronounced "LEE-zhun," comes from the Latin word laesionem meaning "injury." Lesions on the skin are usually not very nice to look at, the kind of wounds that might make you grimace — things like open sores, cuts, deep scrapes or puss-filled gashes. Lesions also are a concern of doctors because if lesions develop without explanation, it can be a sign that your immune system is dangerously weak.
WORD FAMILY
lesion: lesions
USAGE EXAMPLES
After her arrival, they began flushing the wound with a saline solution and treating it with antibiotic ointments, but the lesion wouldn’t heal.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Symptoms on infected trees include leaf loss, lesions in the wood and on the bark and ultimately the dieback of the crown of the tree.
BBC(Dec 26, 2016)
There, doctors found a cyst developing in her brain near problematic lesions, and decided to operate.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 损害; 身体器官组织的损伤; 感染性的皮肤
分布：损伤(53%)，损害(43%)，障碍(4%)
→来自拉丁语laedere,击，伤害，词源同elide,collide.
【记】读：利刃－用利刃割出伤口
['li:.ʒən] specialized
noun countable
■an injury to a person's body or to an organ inside their body （对人体或体内器官的）伤害，损伤
• skin/brain lesions 皮肤／大脑损伤
n. [医] 损害；身体上的伤害；机能障碍
 - injury, harm, damage

Word: marian

Word: masturbation
Front: masturbation
[ˌmæstə'beɪʃn] (15272/16709)
Vocabulary: masturbation
(once / 7007 pages)
n
Masturbation is the act of bringing yourself to orgasm. It's sex with yourself, usually by yourself.
In slang, there are hundreds and maybe thousands of vulgar terms for masturbation, almost all of which are inappropriate in most situations. Society's attitude towards masturbation has changed a lot over time. People used to think it was unhealthy, and some religions considered it a sin. Some still consider it wrong, and not everyone wants to talk about it, but most people now understand that masturbation is a harmless part of life.
WORD FAMILY
masturbation: masturbations+/ masturbate: masturbated, masturbates, masturbating, masturbation, masturbator/masturbator: masturbators
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I’m not allowed to say ‘masturbation,’” the singer replied, stroking his artfully shaped mustache.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 26, 2016)
A: Masturbation might be the answer to your problems, just not in the way that you think.
Slate(Dec 12, 2016)
He admitted to regular sexual contact, including fondling and masturbation, with his victims.
The Guardian(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: n. 手淫，自淫; 自渎
分布：手淫(98%)，自淫(2%)
VERB
自慰;手淫
If someone masturbates, they stroke or rub their own genitals in order to get sexual pleasure.
n. [医] 手淫
 - handjob, ipsism, manustupration

Word: meddler
Front: meddler
[ˈmedlə(r)] (38671/44874)
Back: n. 爱管闲事的人，干涉者
分布：爱管闲事的人(54%)，干涉者(46%)
→来自meddle,管闲事。
n. 干涉者；爱管闲事的人
 - intervener, pragmatist

Word: mealy
Front: mealy
[ˈmi:li] (28901/42132)
Vocabulary: mealy
(once / 10323 pages)
adj
Mealy things contain or resemble flour or any other grain that's been ground into a powdery substance (i.e., meal). Good cornbread is moist and cake-like, instead of dry and mealy.
You'll usually find the adjective mealy describing food that doesn't taste great, whether it's an undercooked, mealy sauce or an overripe, mealy apple. In both of these examples, the food tastes dry and bland, and has a crumbly feeling on the tongue. Other mealy things might look like meal, like a mealy sandbox or the mealy bark of a tree. The Old English source of mealy is melu, "meal or flour."
WORD FAMILY
mealy: mealier, mealiest, mealyer+/ meal: meals, mealy
USAGE EXAMPLES
Christina Reynolds: We had this mealy mouthed answer in there that we all agreed to as step one.
Washington Post(Nov 09, 2016)
“This happened around the time that music, which had been considered one of the sciences, became about language and discourse,” Mr. Mealy said.
New York Times(Oct 26, 2016)
“But then, some also turn a bit mealy while their full tomato flavor develops.”
Wall Street Journal(Sep 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 粉状的
级别：mealier, mealiest
分布：苍白的(34%)，不坦率的(33%)，有斑点的(33%)
→来自meal,粉。
adjective
■dry and powdery 干软的，粉的，松软干爽的
• mealy potatoes 干软的马铃薯
• a mealy apple 干软的苹果
adj. [粮食] 粉状的
 - floury, pulverulent

Word: misspend
Front: misspend
[ˌmɪsˈspend] (45001/-)
Back: vt. 浪费
时态：misspent, misspending, misspends
→mis-,坏的，错的，不好的，spend,花费。引申词义挥霍，浪费。
[ˌmɪs'spend] (misspent, misspent)
verb transitive
■to use time or money in a manner that is wasteful or unwise 滥用；乱花；浪费
• We must stop public money being misspent in this way. 我们必须制止公款被这样滥用。
• Being a good pool player is usually a sign of a misspent youth. 落袋撞球打得好通常也是虚度青春的标志。
vt. 浪费；滥用（时间、金钱等）
 - lose, spend, abuse, strain

Word: methyl
Front: methyl
['meθɪl] (20638/17793)
Back: n. 甲基，木精
分布：甲基(98%)，木精(2%)

Word: nemo
Front: nemo
['ni:məʊ] (-/45464)
Back: n. 现场转播节目
分布：室外广播(100%)

Word: ogre
Front: ogre
[ˈəʊgə(r)] (21141/27637)
Vocabulary: ogre
(once / 2892 pages)
n
An ogre is a big, ugly monster. In many myths and fairytales, ogres are giant, unintelligent, human-like creatures that eat people. However, the ogre Shrek comes off as a right jolly fellow.
The grotesque, awkwardly large ogre has been a figure in mythology for many years, a close relation to evil giants and other frightening creatures. In many stories, ogres eat babies, and they're usually quite ugly, with strangely colored skin, large heads, and strong bodies. The word ogre is also sometimes used to describe despicable, evil people. Ogre comes from the French, coined by the French fairy tale writer, Charles Perrault.
WORD FAMILY
ogre: ogres
USAGE EXAMPLES
American sports writer Bud Collins wrote: "Sonny is an ogre I miss."
BBC(Nov 22, 2016)
She also loved to tell stories about “fairies and gnomes, ogres, dragons and lake monsters” to her four younger siblings.
Washington Post(Oct 25, 2016)
What incentive is there to read all these repellent passages about a heartless ogre?
New York Times(Oct 17, 2016)
Back: n. 吃人巨妖; 极可怕的人; 女妖魔
分布：怪物(76%)，食人魔鬼(24%)
→来自法语ogre,来自拉丁语Orcus,魔鬼，地狱食人魔，词源同orc,半兽人。
US ['oʊ.gɚ] noun countable
■a large frightening character in children's stories who eats children （童话中的）吃人怪物，食人恶魔
■informal
■a fierce and frightening person 凶残可怕的人，凶恶的人
• The headmaster at my junior school was a real ogre. 我的小学校长是个百分百的恶魔。
n. 食人魔鬼，怪物（童话等中的）；令人害怕的人
 - monster, bugbear

Word: nosy
Front: nosy
['nəʊzɪ] (20011/26568)
Vocabulary: nosy
(once / 37285 pages)
adj
Someone nosy has a hard time minding their own business. A nosy person pokes their nose into other people’s affairs.
Do you know anyone who is always asking personal questions and loves to hear gossip? That person is nosy. Nosy people are a little too concerned with what other people are up to, and they tend to invade the privacy of others. A neighbor who keeps looking in your window is being nosy. Being nosy is always considered a negative trait. Nosy people are snoopy and prying.
WORD FAMILY
nosy: nosier, nosiest, nosily, nosiness+/ nose: nosed, noseless, noses, nosey, nosing, nosy
USAGE EXAMPLES
While he talks with his customers, he said he didn’t like to be “too nosy.”
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Another common strategy is to set up hotlines, where nosy neighbours can report suspected misdeeds.
Economist(Oct 14, 2016)
Another read, “Sometimes late at night I dig a hole in the back yard to keep the nosy neighbor’s guessing.”
Washington Post(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: adj. <口>好管闲事的; 包打听; 有香味（或臭味）的; 大鼻子的
分布：好管闲事的(75%)，爱追问的(25%)
→来自nose,鼻子。引申词义向狗一样乱嗅的，爱打听的。
US ['noʊ-]
adjective disapproving
■too interested in what other people are doing and wanting to discover too much about them 好管闲事的；爱打听的
• She was complaining about her nosy parents. 她在抱怨她父母爱管闲事。
adj. 好管闲事的；爱追问的；大鼻子的
 - nosey

Word: ointment
Front: ointment
[ˈɔɪntmənt] (宝 16710/20036 -1)
Vocabulary: ointment
(once / 2205 pages)
n
Ointment is an oily kind of cream that you use to soothe or heal your skin. You might want to apply a bit of ointment to that festering flesh wound on your forehead. Just saying.
Ointment is viscous — in other words, it's somewhere between a solid and a liquid, with a slippery, oily texture. Some medications come in ointment form, while other ointments might be lip balm, a moisturizer for dry skin, or even a cosmetic. The Old French oignement came from the Latin unguentum, from the stem unguere, "to anoint or salve."
WORD FAMILY
ointment: ointments
USAGE EXAMPLES
After her arrival, they began flushing the wound with a saline solution and treating it with antibiotic ointments, but the lesion wouldn’t heal.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 20, 2016)
It’s a very simple song with simple chords, although a minor key puts a fly in the ointment.
The Guardian(Dec 22, 2016)
“This is so I don’t get ashy,” she said, as her legs and arms were slathered with ointment.
The New Yorker(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 软膏，药膏，油膏
分布：软膏(49%)，药膏(39%)，油膏(12%)
→来自古法语oignement,油膏，来自拉丁语unguentum,油膏，来自ongw,涂抹，抹油，词源同unguent,unctuous.-ment,名词后缀。
油膏,软膏(oint=oil油)[-ment 1.表名词"行为或结果"2.表示具体物]
noun uncountable
■a thick oily substance, usually containing medicine, which is put on the skin where it is sore or where there is an injury, in order to cure it 药膏，软膏，油膏
• eye ointment 眼药膏
n. 药膏； [药] 油膏
 - unguent, factice

Word: nightingale
Front: nightingale
[ˈnaɪtɪŋgeɪl] (23363/16174)
Vocabulary: nightingale
(once / 3419 pages)
n
A nightingale is a very small bird with a beautiful, loud song. If you hear the distinctive whistles of the nightingale, it is most likely a male bird seeking a mate.
Nightingales got their name because of the unattached male's habit of singing long into the night (although nightingales also sing during the day). Its song is distinctive and powerful, with trills, whistles, and gurgling sounds punctuating it. The nightingale has inspired writers of all sorts throughout history, including ancient Greeks, the poet Chaucer, and T.S. Eliot in "The Waste Land." The name nightingale combines night with the Proto-Germanic galon, "to sing."
WORD FAMILY
nightingale: nightingales
USAGE EXAMPLES
On stage, Cohen called himself “a broken-down nightingale” who had sold his poetry for celebrity.
The Guardian(Nov 11, 2016)
He reportedly trained one nightingale to hop inside the horn of a gramophone so that he could collect a higher-fidelity recording of its voice.
The New Yorker(Jul 25, 2016)
He was Cain, Ulysses, the Flying Dutchman; he was Lot in Sodom, Deirdre of the Sorrows, Sweeney in the nightingales among trees.
Joseph Heller, Catch-22(1961)
Back: n. 夜莺
分布：夜莺(100%)
→night,夜晚，-gale,唱，词源同yell.用来指夜莺。
US [-tˌɪŋ-] noun countable
■a small brown European bird known especially for the beautiful song of the male bird which is usually heard during the night 夜莺
n. 夜莺
 - Philomela, bulbul

Word: papuan

Word: pasha
Front: pasha
['pɑ:ʃə] (22992/36735)
Back: n. 帕夏（旧时奥斯曼帝国和北非高级文武官的称号，置于姓名后），高级文（武）官
n. 巴夏（旧指土耳其古代对大官的尊称）
 - pacha

Word: paramedic
Front: paramedic
[ˌpærəˈmedɪk] (10384/36164)
Vocabulary: paramedic
(once / 15192 pages)
n
A paramedic is someone trained to assist medical professionals. The workers in an ambulance are paramedics.
Just as a paralegal works with the law but isn't a lawyer, a paramedic is involved with medicine while not quite being a nurse or doctor. Rather, paramedics help doctors and nurses: paramedics are assistants. Paramedics are most well-known for working in ambulances. If you have a medical emergency — such as choking or a heart attack — paramedics will be there to help if you call 911. Paramedics save many lives every day.
WORD FAMILY
paramedic: paramedical, paramedics
USAGE EXAMPLES
The sheriff’s office says a deputy arrived on the scene and applied a tourniquet to the officer until paramedics arrived.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Jesus is returning to college, where he is on a pre-med track and wants to be a paramedic.
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
The man, aged in his 20s, was treated by paramedics but died at the scene.
BBC(Dec 31, 2016)
Back: n. <美>护理人员，医务辅助人员
分布：护理人员(100%)
→para-,辅助，准，-med,医疗，词源同medical,medicine.
US [ˌper.ə'med-] noun countable
■a person who is trained to do medical work, especially in an emergency, but who is not a doctor or nurse （非医生或护士的）护理人员，医务辅助人员
n. 护理人员；伞兵军医；伞降医务人员
 - nursing staff, nursing personnel

Word: passover

Word: otter
Front: otter
[ˈɒtə(r)] (宝 11888/12659 -1)
Back: n. （水）獭; 水獭皮; 一种钓具
分布：水獭(83%)，水獭皮(17%)
→来自古英语otor,来自Proto-Germanic*utraz,来自udros,水生物，来自wed,水，词源同water,hydra.
US ['ɑ:.tˌɚ] noun countable
■a mammal with four legs and short brown fur which swims well and eats fish 水獭
n. [脊椎] 水獭；水獭皮
 - tter

Word: onboard
Front: onboard
['ɒn'bɔ:d] (-/35809)
Back: adj. 随车携带的
分布：机上的(56%)，装载的(22%)，在板子上(22%)
adv. 在船上；在飞机上；在板上
 - aboard, ashipboard

Word: panther
Front: panther
[ˈpænθə(r)] (六宝 14654/15378 -1)
Back: n. 豹，黑豹; 美洲豹
分布：黑豹(59%)，美洲豹(41%)
→来自希腊语panther,豹，黑豹，词源不详。俗词源解读为pan-,全部，所有，-ther,野兽，词源同fierce,ferocity.字面意思即具备所有野兽特征的动物。
US [-θɚ] (plural panthers or panther)
noun countable
■a black leopard (= large wild cat) 黑豹
n. [脊椎] 豹；黑豹；美洲豹
 - leopard, pard

Word: pelican
Front: pelican
[ˈpelɪkən] (19846/18790)
Back: n. <动>鹈鹕
分布：鹈鹕(100%)
→来自希腊语pelekan,鹈鹕，来自pelekas,啄木鸟，词源同pelekys,斧子。
noun countable
■a large bird which catches fish and carries them in the lower part of its beak, which is like a bag 鹈鹕，塘鹅

Word: poole

Word: planemaker

Word: pheasant
Front: pheasant
[ˈfeznt] (13771/12192 -1)
Back: n. 雉，野鸡; 野鸡肉
分布：雉(50%)，野鸡(50%)
→来自希腊语phasianos,雉，野鸡，字面意思即来自Phasis河边的鸟，Phasis河为古河流名，位于今东欧格鲁吉亚西部，现名Rioni River.
['fez.ənt] (plural pheasants or pheasant)
noun countable or uncountable
■a large bird with a rounded body and long tail, which spends a lot of time on the ground and is often shot for sport and food 雉，野鸡，山鸡

Word: penelope
Front: penelope
[piˈneləpi,pə-] (-/13094)
Back: n. <希神>珀涅罗珀; Odysseus的忠实妻子; 丈夫远征20年; 期间她拒绝了无数求婚者
分布：忠贞之妻子(100%)

Word: preordain
Front: preordain
['pri:ɔ:'deɪn] (31129/42981)
Vocabulary: preordain
(once / 21569 pages)
v
To preordain something is to decide that it is going to happen in the future, or to influence it to happen. You might believe that your genes preordain you to be a great math student if both of your parents are brilliant mathematicians.
A magician might preordain the sudden appearance of a rabbit from an empty hat — in other words, she predicts or decides that she'll magically produce the rabbit. Other things preordain certain results by simply pointing in that direction or making the outcome seem inevitable. Torrential rain preordains a soggy croquet course the next day, and a plane's flight plan preordains exactly where (and approximately when) it will land. Pre- means "before," and ordain means "decide" or "order."
WORD FAMILY
preordain: preordained, preordaining, preordains, preordination+/foreordain: foreordained, foreordaining, foreordains, foreordination/ ordain: foreordain, ordained, ordainer, ordaining, ordains, ordinance, ordination, preordain / ordained: ordainedly/ordainer: ordainers/ ordinance: ordinances/ ordination: ordinations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Will Johnny settle into a preordained life of crime, or follow his musical dreams?
Washington Times(Dec 19, 2016)
As the espionage plot surges toward its nail-biting conclusion, the path it’s traveling feels less open-ended than preordained.
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
Nothing about this process is preordained, of course.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: vt. 预先规定，注定
时态：preordained, preordaining, preordains
分布：预先注定(67%)，预定(33%)
US [-ɔ:r-] formal
verb transitive
■(especially of a power thought to be greater than ordinary people) to decide or fix what will happen in a way that cannot be changed or controlled （尤指超越凡人的力量）预先决定，预先规定，注定
• [+ to infinitive] Illness and suffering seemed (to be) preordained to be her lot. 看来她命中注定了要遭受疾病和苦难。
• His life seems to have followed a preordained path/direction. 他的人生似乎遵循着冥冥中业已注定的轨迹／方向前行。
vt. 注定；预先决定
 - fate, predestine

Word: pott

Word: quarterback
Front: quarterback
[ˈkwɔ:təbæk] (3302/28399)
Vocabulary: quarterback
(once / 667 pages)
nv
In American football, the quarterback is in charge of the team's offense. When football players huddle in a circle to plan their plays, the quarterback usually decides which strategy to use.
In many ways, a quarterback is a team's leader, although ultimately the coach is in charge. When an NFL team wins the Super Bowl, the quarterback accepts the winning trophy. As a verb, to quarterback either means, literally, to play the position of quarterback, or to lead a team or project: "The teacher asked me to quarterback the class Halloween party." Quarterback comes from the starting field position, between the center and the halfback.
WORD FAMILY
quarterback: quarterbacked, quarterbacking, quarterbacks
USAGE EXAMPLES
They fought with jabs from a kid quarterback, roundhouses from acrobatic receivers and knockdowns by giant linemen.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Oakland already was without its quarterback and league MVP candidate, Derek Carr, after he suffered a broken bone in his leg.
Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017)
That’s not exactly, “I want to be the quarterback of this team until I retire.”
Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017)
Back: n. （美式足球）（指挥进攻的）四分卫，枢纽前卫
vi. （美式足球）打四分卫，担任枢纽前卫
vt. 指挥，组织
分布：担任四分卫(85%)，指挥...的行动(15%)
→quarter,四分之一，back,后面。用于指足球比赛或其它运动的四分位，多为组织位。
US ['kwɑ:.tˌɚ-] mainly US
noun countable
■(in American football) the player who receives the ball at the start of every play and tries to move it along the field （橄榄球比赛中发动进攻的）四分卫
vt. （以四分卫）指挥进攻；领导；操纵
 - lead, man, guide

Word: pyrenees

Word: quicksand
Front: quicksand
[ˈkwɪksænd] (22101/25690)
Back: n. 流沙，敏捷，危险而捉摸不定的事物; 悬浮体; 流砂
分布：流沙(97%)，陷阱(3%)
→来自quick,活的，sand,沙子。比喻用法，引申词义困境。
noun uncountable
■deep wet sand that sucks in anyone trying to walk across it 流沙
n. [水利] 流沙，危险状态
 - shifting sand

Word: rambunctious
Front: rambunctious
[ræmˈbʌŋkʃəs] (宝 20609/-)
Vocabulary: rambunctious
(once / 20809 pages)
adj
Rambunctious means "noisy and out of control," like a rambunctious child who is so hard to handle that no babysitter has ever come back a second time.
People who are rambunctious, pronounced "ram-BUNK-shus," can be fun — to a point. Laughing a little too loudly, or too often, seems refreshing at first — so what if people sitting at other tables have started to look over? But after a while, rambunctious behavior makes you feel tired. You never know when the high energy of the rambunctious is going to cross over to obnoxiousness, when things will spill, feelings get hurt, and apologizes need to be made.
WORD FAMILY
rambunctious: rambunctiously
USAGE EXAMPLES
This rambunctious show, which weds the Elizabethan theater and the brassy Broadway musical, dances dangerously on the line between tireless and tedious.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
But as the parent of two rambunctious toddlers, I applaud this seismic breakthrough.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 07, 2016)
The question was about controversial and rambunctious cornerbacks.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: adj. <美><口>粗暴的，喧闹的
分布：喧闹的(38%)，粗暴的(31%)，放纵的(31%)
→可能来自 rumbustious 受 ram 影响的拼写变体词。
【记】ram羊，bunctious＝bumptious（adj 傲慢的）一羊都傲慢了一难控制的
【反】quiescent（adj 静止的）
[ræm'bʌŋk.ʃəs] mainly US
adjective
■full of energy and difficult to control 精力过剩的；难以控制的；桀骜不驯的
• rambunctious children 精力过剩的孩子
• a lively and rambunctious puppy 活泼而不驯服的小狗
adj. 难控制的；喧闹的；粗暴的；骚乱的
 - turbulent, noisy

Word: refashion
Front: refashion
[ri:'fæʃən] (25142/35853)
Back: vt. 再做，重制
时态：refashioned, refashioning, refashions
分布：再作(58%)，改变(42%)
vt. 重制；再作；重新设计
 - redesign

Word: radiant
Front: radiant
[ˈreɪdiənt] (研六托 9731/14368 -1)
Vocabulary: radiant
(once / 466 pages)
adj
The adjective radiant is useful for describing anything that glows with warmth or light. When you open your eyes on a sunny summer morning and see your curtains glowing with sunlight, you can call them radiant.
Something that shines or glows is radiant, and you can also describe anything that's bright as radiant, like a smile or a powerful emotion ("a radiant sense of happiness"). In science, radiant means "transmitted by radiation," and it usually describes heat, like the radiant heat from an oven. The Latin root is radiantem, "shining," and sometime around 1500 it started being used to describe physical beauty, which Shakespeare did in "Twelfth Night": "Most radiant, exquisite, and unmatchable beauty..."
WORD FAMILY
radiant: radiantly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The gigantism of the ’30s and ’40s lives on in the massing of all those radiant beauties, moving as one.
Washington Post(Dec 25, 2016)
“Perhaps we focused too much on the radiant image of humanity, on the good,” he said in an interview broadcast Sunday.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 25, 2016)
For many people in America’s far north, the old-fashioned wood stove — crackling and radiant, and usually cast-iron black — is as Alaskan as it gets.
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 照耀的; 辐射的; 容光焕发的
n. 光点; [天]流星群的辐射点
分布：辐射的(41%)，发光的(35%)，明亮的(24%)
→来自 radiate,放射，流露自信。
发光的[rabies 狂犬病radi=ray(光线)]
a.发光的,辐射的,容光焕发的She was radiant with joy.她因高兴而精神焕发.
【记】源于：radiate（v 放射；辐射）
【反】lackluster（n 无光泽）
adjective
HAPPY/BEAUTIFUL 开心的／美丽的
■obviously very happy, or very beautiful 喜气洋洋的；容光焕发的；光彩照人的
• He gave a radiant smile when he heard her news. 当他听到她的消息时，脸上绽放出灿烂的笑容。
['reɪ.di.ənt] adjective
HEAT/LIGHT 光／热
[before noun]
■producing heat or light （使热和／或光）辐射的，放射的，发散的
• a radiant heater 辐射加热器
• the radiant heat of the sun 太阳的辐射热
radiant, bright, brilliant, glowing, luminous
这组词都有“明亮的”的意思，其区别是：
radiant: 侧重光线的射击，也可指像太阳或星星一样发光的东西。
bright: 常用词，与昏暗相对应，侧重形容光线的强度，指一切自身发光明亮或反射光的事物。
brilliant: 指非常亮或亮得引人注目，多含闪耀或反光闪烁之意。
glowing: 指稳定光源发出的明亮持久的光，或燃烧最后阶段产生的红光。
luminous: 着重指发出持续稳定的亮光；可指在黑暗中的发光物。
adj. [核] [物] 辐射的；容光焕发的；光芒四射的
 - roseate, pearlescent
n. 光点；发光的物体
 - bright spot, luminescent spot

Word: rectangle
Front: rectangle
[ˈrektæŋgl] (高研六托雅宝 10058/10208 -1)
Vocabulary: rectangle
(once / 1902 pages)
n
A rectangle is any shape with four sides and four right angles. All squares are rectangles but not all rectangles are squares (all the sides in a square have to be the same length).
The rect in rectangle comes from the Latin rectus, which means "right" or "straight." Because of its right angles, a rectangle has straight sides. Another word with the same root is rectitude, which means moral uprightness. A morally upright person is someone who does the right thing, but doing the right thing doesn't make you a square — or a rectangle.
WORD FAMILY
rectangle: rectangles, rectangular+/rectangular: rectangularity, rectangularly/rectangularity: rectangularities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Each frame holds a rectangle of Harwood’s grow cloth, about two and a half feet by five feet in size.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
She limited herself to two or three colours, painting interlocking abstractions where ovals met rectangles and triangles and semicircles, often set within a circular whole.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
She outlines a modest-sized rectangle in the air with her hands.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. [数]长方形，矩形
分布：矩形(81%)，长方形(19%)
→rect-,直的，正确的，angle,角。
矩形(rect+angle角→[四个角]都是直角→矩形)[rect=stright,right,表示"正,直"]
n.[数]矩形,长方形He drew a rectangle on the blackboard.他在黑板上画了个矩形.
【记】rect正，直，angle（n 角）一四角都是直角－矩形
noun countable
 ADVANCED
■a flat shape with four 90° angles and four sides, with opposite sides of equal length 长方形；矩形
n. [数] 矩形；长方形
 - orthogon

Word: redneck
Front: redneck
[ˈrednek] (17332/43146)
Back: n. 乡下人，农人
分布：农人(100%)
→red,红色的，neck,脖子。比喻用法。
['red.nek] mainly US informal
noun countable
■a poor white person without education, especially one living in the countryside in the southern US, who has prejudiced (= unfair and unreasonable) ideas and beliefs （尤指美国南部农村地区偏执的）乡巴佬，农民，红脖人
n. 乡下人；红脖子（指美国南方保守的露天劳动者）
 - peasant, provincial, countryman

Word: requisition
Front: requisition
[ˌrekwɪˈzɪʃn] (30051/20556)
Vocabulary: requisition
(once / 1708 pages)
nv
Requisition is a very official-sounding word that usually means "to take or seize." We're sorry that your luxury suite has been requisitioned by the mayor's office. No, we have no idea what he's doing in there.
Requisition looks a little like "request" and, in fact, it comes from the Old French word meaning exactly that. It can still be used that way, like when you make a requisition for a new office desk because the old one has three broken drawers. If a police officer requisitions your car for use in a high speed chase, it will initially require less paperwork.
WORD FAMILY
requisition: derequisition, requisitioned, requisitioning, requisitions+/ require: required, requirement, requires, requiring, requisition / requirement: requirements
USAGE EXAMPLES
George W Bush ran his from hastily requisitioned office space in Washington DC.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
In a desperate attempt to save lives, the government has requisitioned army health workers though most patients were still languishing without care.
Washington Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Its only legal use would be when data need to be requisitioned.
BBC(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: n. 征用，（财产或材料的正式）征用令; 申请书
vt. 征用，征发
时态：requisitioned, requisitioning, requisitions
分布：征用(59%)，要求(29%)，请求(12%)
→来自 requisite,必要的，必需的，-ion,名词后缀。引申词义要求，征用。
要求,请求(re再+quis寻求)[-iteon表名词"行为过程,状态"]
verb transitive
■to officially request or take 征用
• The army requisitioned all the cars and trucks they could find. 军队征用了他们能够找到的所有轿车和货车。
[ˌrek.wɪ'zɪʃ.ən] noun countable or uncountable
■when you officially request or take something 征用
• The staff made a requisition for new chairs and desks. 职员提交了一份新桌椅需求单。
n. 征用；要求； [法] 申请书；引渡要求
 - do, desire, need, demand
vt. 征用；申请领取
 - commandeer, expropriate

Word: sentry
Front: sentry
[ˈsentri] (托宝 14786/12861 -1)
Vocabulary: sentry
(once / 710 pages)
n
A sentry is someone who stands guard or watches against some intrusion or unwelcome activity. Your dog stands sentry over your house, but he would be more effective if he barked at strangers instead of licking their hands.
The noun sentry came from the French sentinelle, which has a similar meaning. It was in the 17th Century that the word was first associated with someone on a watchtower as a military guard. You could only enter the dreaded ice fortress after sneaking past the sentry posted outside. Don't let his button eyes and carrot nose fool you — he's a sharp one!
WORD FAMILY
sentry: sentries
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sentries at Faslane naval base were ordered to shoot suspected intruders after three people broke into a nuclear submarine, cabinet papers show.
BBC(Dec 29, 2016)
Sentry, an investigative arm of the Enough Project, disclosed the documents.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 19, 2016)
Park ranger Jan Stock said in a statement that the hoodoo looked like a sentry or protector of the peace gazing to the east.
Washington Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 哨兵; 警卫
分布：哨兵(87%)，卫兵(13%)
→可能缩写自 sentinel,-ry,表地点或人，比较 bakery,cavalry.原义为眺望塔，后与 sentinel 词义融 合。
noun countable
■a soldier who guards a place, usually by standing at its entrance 岗哨；哨兵
• My squad were on sentry duty last night. 我的班昨天晚上在站哨。
n. 哨兵；岗哨
 - piquet, watcher
vi. 放哨
 - keep watch

Word: richelieu

Word: secondhand
Front: secondhand
['sekənd'hænd] (高 -/15042)
Back: adj. 旧的; 用过的; 二手的; <贬>（消息、信息等）间接得来的
分布：二手的(48%)，间接地(16%)，间接的(12%)，做旧货买卖的(8%)，作为旧货地(8%)，古旧的(8%)
adj. 二手的；旧的；间接获得的；做旧货生意的
 - used, auld
adv. 间接地；间接听来；以旧货
 - indirectly

Word: sheathe
Front: sheathe
[ʃi:ð] (托宝 18691/24327)
Vocabulary: sheathe
(once / 2140 pages)
1v 2v
The verb sheathe means to place in a sheath. What's a sheath? Well, that's any kind of protective covering.
With that extra "e" on the end sheathe gives off a very old English vibe. Perhaps that's because all those knights were often sheathing their swords so as not to scare the fair ladies. Those knights were also sheathed in armor when going into battle or setting off to joust. These days, with medieval armaments in low demand, not much gets sheathed — except maybe the kitchen knives in the knife block or your cat's claws when they retract.
WORD FAMILY
sheathe: sheathed, sheathes, sheathing, unsheathe+/sheathing: sheathings/unsheathe: unsheathed, unsheathes, unsheathing
USAGE EXAMPLES
It is sheathed in stainless steel, and dry air is circulated around structural supports to prevent them from rusting.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
A: Wrapping electrical tape around the wound is a common way to mend a cable whose sheathing is intact but compromised.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 23, 2016)
Exterior work will include replacing rotten wood and repairing the plaster sheathing on brick walls.
Washington Times(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: vt. 将（刀、剑等）插入鞘; 包，覆盖
时态：sheathed, sheathing, sheathes
分布：包(40%)，插入鞘(33%)，覆(16%)，=sheath.(11%)
→来自 sheath 的动词形式，比较 bath,bathe.
【记】源于：sheath（n 鞘），shea＝shear，th死：从sheath中拿出shear把人剪死。
verb transitive
■to put a knife back inside its sheath 把（刀剑）插入鞘中
■literary
■to cover something in a thick or protective layer of a substance （厚厚地或保护性地）包，覆盖
• The landscape was sheathed in ice. 大地为冰雪所覆盖。
vt. 覆盖；插入鞘；包装
 - invest, house, sheet, roof, cap

Word: shiva
Front: shiva
['ʃɪvə] (29731/29720)
Back: n. 七日服丧期
分布：七日服丧期(40%)，=shivah(20%)，印度教的湿婆神(20%)，shibah.(20%)

Word: slime
Front: slime
[slaɪm] (托 15734/15639)
Back: n. 黏质物; 黏液; 黏泥; 软泥
v. （用稀泥等）涂，糊; 分泌黏液使黏滑; 清除黏液[稀泥等]; 〈英俚〉滑脱，用狡猾手段脱身溜掉 (away through etc.)
时态：slimed, sliming, slimes
分布：黏液(66%)，烂泥(29%)，涂上黏泥(5%)
→来自古英语 slim,污泥，淤泥，来自 Proto-Germanic*slimaz,滑的，黏滑的，来自 slei,滑 的，黏滑的，词源同 lime,slip.
noun uncountable
■a sticky liquid substance which is unpleasant to touch, such as the liquid produced by fish and snails and the greenish brown substance found near water （令人不快的）黏液
• There was a revolting green slime in between the bathroom tiles. 浴室的瓷砖缝里有一摊令人作呕的绿色黏液。
• You could see trails of slime where the slugs had been. 你可以看见蛞蝓爬过后的黏液痕迹。
n. 黏液；烂泥
 - sludge, mucus

Word: simba

Word: sequential
Front: sequential
[sɪˈkwenʃl] (宝 12014/10797)
Vocabulary: sequential
(once / 23267 pages)
adj
Use the word sequential to describe something that has a particular order, like a recipe for chocolate chip cookies whose steps must be followed in a sequential order.
If you make a list of things you need to do, starting with number 1 and continuing until all your tasks are accounted for, then you’ve made a sequential list. Something that is sequential often follows a numerical or alphabetical order, but it can also describe things that aren’t numbered but still need to take place in a logical order, such as the sequential steps you follow for running a program on your computer.
WORD FAMILY
sequential: sequentially+/ sequence: sequenced, sequencer, sequences, sequencing, sequential /sequencer: sequencers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Since 1978, the 20 biggest, sequential gains in the sentiment survey came during months when the S&P 500 averaged a 1.5% gain.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 22, 2016)
There was a logical and sequential aspect to these efforts.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 13, 2016)
“Sequential Drawings,” though very different from “Here,” shares that project’s warmth, intelligence, and humanity.
The New Yorker(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 按次序的，相继的，构成连续镜头的; 时序; 序贯
分布：形容词(84%)，名词(16%)
连续的(sequ+ent+ial)[secut,sequ=follow表示"跟随"]
[sɪ'kwen.ʃəl] formal
adjective
■following a particular order 按特定顺序的；连续的
• The publishers claim that the book constitutes 'the first sequential exposition of events and thus of the history of the revolution'. 出版商称这本书是“对革命大事及革命历史的首度系统化的阐释”。
adj. 连续的；相继的； [数] 有顺序的
 - continuing, straight, endless, running, serial

Word: sniffer
Front: sniffer
[s'nɪfər] (27555/26564)
Back: n. 嗅探器，以鼻吸毒者
分布：嗅探器(95%)，嗅探者(5%)
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■someone who sniffs chemicals for the feelings of pleasure it causes 用鼻子吸毒者
• a glue/paint sniffer. 吸食强力胶毒／漆毒者

Word: sikkim

Word: stonk

Word: synod
Front: synod
[ˈsɪnəd] (24605/12767 -1)
Back: n. 宗教会议; 讨论会，集会
分布：宗教会议(55%)，集会(25%)，讨论会(20%)
→来自希腊语 synodos,集会，会议，来自 syn-,一起，hodos,走，路程，词源同 method,anode,proceed. 后用于指教会会议。
['sɪn.əd] [-ɒd] specialized
noun countable
■a regular meeting of church members for the discussion of religious matters 宗教会议
n. 大会；宗教会议；教会法院
 - convention, eisteddfod

Word: thermoelectric
Front: thermoelectric
['θɜ:məʊɪ'lektrɪk] (37534/-)
Back: adj. 热电的
分布：热电的(100%)
adj. [电] 热电的（等于thermoelectrical）
 - pyroelectric

Word: taurus

Word: terrifying
Front: terrifying
['terɪfaɪŋ] (托 8585/8739)
Back: adj. 可怕的; 极大的
v. 使恐怖，使惊吓; 恐吓(terrify的现在分词)
分布：可怕的(97%)，动词terrify的现在分词.(3%)
adjective
■very frightening 很可怕的
• a terrifying experience/ordeal 可怕的经历／严峻的考验
adj. 令人恐惧的；骇人的；极大的
 - tremendous, infinite, frightening

Word: tactful
Front: tactful
[ˈtæktfl] (24229/15447 -1)
Vocabulary: tactful
(once / 2771 pages)
adj
If you are tactful, you have a knack for saying the right thing at the right time. A tactful person is appropriate and sensitive, never rude or careless.
Tactful means "full of tact." What's tact? It's the gift for saying the right thing because you understand what the situation calls for. So, if you are tactful, you wouldn't tell your friend that the food at her party was awful — you'd talk about the interesting conversation you had and the great music. But even when tactful people have to give criticism, they do it in such a way that the other person doesn't get offended.
WORD FAMILY
tactful: tactfulest, tactfully, tactfulness, untactful+/ tact: tactful, tactless, tacts/ tactless: tactlessly, tactlessness/untactful: untactfully
USAGE EXAMPLES
That assessment was more tactful, perhaps, than that of the filmmakers and other students of the “Jackie look.”
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Lithuanian leaders have been much more tactful than that.
BBC(Nov 17, 2016)
Of course, a fruitful intervention needs to be sensitive and tactful.
Time(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 机智的，机敏的; 得体的; 老练的，圆滑的; 婉转
分布：机智的(59%)，老练的(41%)
→来自 tact,老练，得体。
圆滑的(tact手腕,圆滑)[-ful 1.表形容词"有…的"2.表名词"满,量"]
adjective
■careful not to say or do anything that could upset someone 圆滑的，乖巧的，机敏的
• Mentioning his baldness wasn't very tactful. 提起他的秃头不太得体。
adj. 机智的；圆滑的；老练的
 - experienced, diplomatic

Word: trusty
Front: trusty
[ˈtrʌsti] (19081/19720)
Back: adj. 可信赖; 可靠的
n. 模范囚犯; 可信赖的人
级别：trustier, trustiest
分布：可靠的(50%)，可信赖的(19%)，可信任的(19%)，可信赖的人(9%)，受优待的囚犯(3%)
['trʌs.ti] mainly humorous
adjective [before noun]
■able to be trusted, especially because of having been owned and used for a long time 可信任的，可信赖的；可靠的
• I did the entire three hundred miles on my own - just me and my trusty bike. 整个300英里的路程都是我独自骑过来的——就只有我和我那让人放心的脚踏车。
adj. 可靠的；可信任的
 - responsible, reliable, tried, honest, sure
n. 模范囚犯；可信赖的人
 - standby

Word: unconsciously
Front: unconsciously
[ʌnˈkɒnʃəsli] (11730/9930)
Back: adv. 未意识到地; 不知道地; 失去知觉地; 神志不清地
分布：无意识地(75%)，不知不觉地(25%)
ADJ
不省人事的；失去知觉的；神志不清的
Someone who is unconscious is in a state similar to sleep, usually as the result of a serious injury or a lack of oxygen.
例：By the time ambulancemen arrived he was unconscious...救护人员到达时他已经不省人事了。
例：He was dragged from his van and beaten unconscious by a gang of salmon poachers.他被一帮盗猎大麻哈鱼的家伙从货车里拽出来打得不省人事。
ADJ-GRADED
不知道的；未觉察的；没注意到的
If you are unconscious of something, you are unaware of it.
例：He himself seemed totally unconscious of his failure...他本人似乎对自己的失败全然不知。
例：Mr Battersby was apparently quite unconscious of their presence.巴特斯比先生显然没有注意到他们在场。
ADJ
潜意识的；无意识的
If feelings or attitudes are unconscious, you are not aware that you have them, but they show in the way that you behave.
例：Unconscious envy manifests itself very often as this kind of arrogance...潜意识里的嫉妒常表现为这种傲慢自大。
例：'You're well out of it,' Christopher said with unconscious brutality.“幸亏没你什么事儿，”克里斯托弗无意中冷冷地说道。
N-SING
无意识
Your unconscious is the part of your mind that contains feelings and ideas that you do not know about or cannot control.
例：In examining the content of the unconscious, Freud called into question some deeply-held beliefs.在审视无意识的内容时，弗洛伊德对一些根深蒂固的看法提出了质疑。
unaccountably, disproportionately, unconsciously, indefinitely
unaccountably: 无法解释的，不能说明的
disproportionately: 不成比例的
unconsciously: 无意识的，不知不觉的
indefinitely: 不确定的，无期限的
adv. 不知不觉；无意识地
 - automatically, senselessly

Word: transplantation
Front: transplantation
[ˌtrænzplɑ:n'teɪʃn] (宝 15416/17665)
Back: n. 移植; 移植法; 移居; 移民
分布：移植(99%)，移植法(1%)
N-VAR
(器官)移植
A transplant is a medical operation in which a part of a person's body is replaced because it is diseased.
例：He was recovering from a heart transplant operation.他做了心脏移植手术，正在康复。
例：...the controversy over the sale of human organs for transplant.出售移植用人体器官引起的争议
VERB
移植(器官)
If doctors transplant an organ such as a heart or a kidney, they use it to replace a patient's diseased organ.
例：The operation to transplant a kidney is now fairly routine.肾脏移植手术如今已相当常见。
例：...transplanted organs such as hearts and kidneys.类似心脏、肾脏这样的移植器官
VERB
使迁移;使移民;移种
To transplant someone or something means to move them to a different place.
例：Marriage had transplanted Rebecca from London to Manchester...因为结婚，丽贝卡从伦敦移居到了曼彻斯特。
例：In the 19th century, the Santa Claus tradition seems to have been transplanted back to Europe…19 世纪，圣诞老人的习俗似乎又传回了欧洲。
n. [外科] 移植；迁移；移民
 - migration, implantation

Word: unbend
Front: unbend
[ˌʌnˈbend] (宝 28359/33856)
Back: vi. 变直; 变得不一本正经; 变得随意; 松弛
vt. 弄直; 伸直; 放直; 使轻松
时态：unbent, unbending, unbends
分布：放松(53%)，伸直(35%)，解开(12%)
→un-, 使相反，bend, 弯。原义为松开弓弦，引申词义放松，拉直。
[ʌn'bend] (unbent, unbent)
verb intransitive
■to relax and become less formal and serious in your manner 放松，变得随意
• I'd hoped that after a glass or two of wine she might unbend a little. 我曾希望一两杯酒下肚后她可能会放松一点儿。
vt. 弄直；使松弛；卸下
 - discharge, relax
vi. 变直；松弛，变融洽
 - relax, loosen up

Word: uda

Word: underrate
Front: underrate
[ˌʌndəˈreɪt] (宝 24204/22967 -1)
Vocabulary: underrate
(once / 4427 pages)
v
To underrate something is to underestimate its value. If critics underrate a great movie, they don't give it enough credit for its brilliant acting and well-written script.
If most people underrate the Polish restaurant in your neighborhood, they'll be pleasantly surprised once they give it a try. High school football players tend to underrate the importance of gracefulness in their sport, and your math teacher may underrate the amount of time it takes you to do your calculus homework. The verb underrate has been around since the 1640's, although back then it was generally spelled with a hyphen: under-rate.
WORD FAMILY
underrate: underrated, underrates, underrating+/overrate: overrated, overrates, overrating/ rate: overrate, rateable, rated, rates, rating, rationed, underrate /rateable: rateability, rateably/ rating: ratings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Nobody would describe Garbage as an underrated band.
Salon(Dec 30, 2016)
Research shows that a lack of sleep is grossly underrated as a problem by most.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Miami quarterback Brad Kaaya will be underrated once again but still become a high NFL draft pick and settle in for a long pro career.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: vt. 对（某人或某事物）评价过低; 看轻，轻视
时态：underrated, underrating, underrates
分布：低估(72%)，看轻(28%)
verb transitive
■to fail to understand how skilful, important, etc. someone or something is 对…估计过低，低估
• The company has consistently underrated the importance of a well-trained workforce. 这个公司一贯低估一支训练有素的员工队伍的重要性。
vt. 低估；看轻
 - disappreciate, sell short

Word: undervaluation
Front: undervaluation
['ʌndəˌvæljʊ'eɪʃən] (44809/46204)
Back: n. 低估，看轻
分布：低估(94%)，看轻(3%)，低估 ... 之价值(3%)
n. 低估；轻视；低估…之价值
 - despite, disappreciation

Word: unexploited
Front: unexploited
['ʌnɪks'plɔɪtɪd] (34774/40361)
Back: adj. 未被利用的，未经开发的
分布：未被利用的(75%)，未经开发的(25%)
adj. 未开发的；未被利用的
 - unemployed, undeveloped

Word: underside
Front: underside
[ˈʌndəsaɪd] (11090/9970 -1)
Back: n. 下侧; 下部表面; 底面; 阴暗面
分布：下面(83%)，阴暗面(17%)
US [-dɚ-] noun countable usually singular
■the side of something that is usually nearest the ground 下面；底部
• The car had turned over in the ditch, and its underside was covered in oil and mud. 车翻倒在沟里了，车底上满是油污和泥巴。
n. 下面；阴暗面
 - dark side, dark face

Word: useable
Front: useable
['ju:zəbl] (30836/40711)
Back: adj. 可用的，合用的，便于使用的
分布：可用的(76%)，有效的(8%)，=usable.(8%)，可使用的(8%)
adj. 可用的；便于使用的（等于usable）
 - practicable, usable

Word: vientiane
Front: vientiane
[vjenˈtjæn] None
Back: 万象（老挝首都）（或译永珍在湄公河中游北岸，隔河为泰国）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: varnish
Front: varnish
[ˈvɑ:nɪʃ] (托宝 15169/12321 -1)
Vocabulary: varnish
(once / 1301 pages)
nv
Varnish is a shiny coating that's painted on a floor or piece of furniture and then dries clear and luminous. After refinishing an old oak chair, you might apply a coat of varnish. (Just don't sit on it until it's dry.)
Varnish gives artwork, furniture, and other objects a finished, glossy look, and it also protects the surface. Most varnish is made from oil, solvent, and resin. You can also use the word as a verb, meaning "to coat with varnish." Many people decide to varnish their wood floors or their wooden kitchen counters. The Medieval Latin root word is vernix, "odorous or fragrant resin."
WORD FAMILY
varnish: varnished, varnisher, varnishes, varnishing+/varnished: unvarnished/varnisher: varnishers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Officials complained that the nail varnish prevented them from applying the indelible ink correctly.
BBC(Dec 23, 2016)
Finally, several layers of varnish were applied with a brush, and a final coat with a spray.
New York Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Varnish is entitled to see her records under the Data Protection Act.
BBC(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 清漆，罩光漆; 光泽面; 假漆; 虚饰，外表
vt. 在（某物）上涂清漆; 使…有光泽; 装饰，粉饰
时态：varnished, varnishing, varnishes
分布：油漆(41%)，指甲油(29%)，光泽面(12%)，粉饰(7%)，掩饰(5%)，使光亮(3%)，涂油漆于(3%)
→来自拉丁语vernix,芳香树脂，可能来自希腊语Berenike，利比亚古城名，原产地，其字面意思为bring victory(Nike).
【记】外来语：凡立水varnish后就不会tarnish（v 使失去光泽）
US ['vɑ:r-] noun countable or uncountable
■a liquid which is painted onto wood or paintings to protect the surface, or the hard shiny surface it produces when it dries 清漆；罩光漆；亮光漆
• Polyurethane varnish provides a tough, scratch-resistant finish. 聚胺酯罩光漆可以形成一层坚硬防划的表面。
• a final coat of (clear) varnish 最后一层清漆
• The varnish had been deliberately scratched. 清漆层被故意刮花了。
UK ['vɑ:.nɪʃ] US ['vɑ:r-] verb transitive
■to put varnish on a surface 为…上清漆
• They decided to spend the weekend varnishing their boat. 他们决定用周末的时间给他们的船上清漆。
UK
■to use nail varnish 涂指甲油
n. 亮光漆，清漆；虚饰；光泽面
 - vernis, frills
vt. 装饰，粉饰；在…上涂清漆；使…有光泽
 - colour, paint, hang, sugar

Word: unreadable
Front: unreadable
[ʌnˈri:dəbl] (19604/20390)
Back: adj. 不引起兴趣阅读的; 难念的; （字迹等）难以认清的; 难以理解的
分布：不值一读的(44%)，不能读的(26%)，枯燥的(10%)，难辨认的(10%)，难以捉摸的(10%)
adjective
■too boring, complicated or badly written to be worth reading （因内容枯燥、晦涩或文笔拙劣）难以阅读的，不适合读的，不值得一读的
• I found James Joyce's 'Ulysses' totally unreadable. 我发现詹姆斯•乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》不好读。
■ illegible (= impossible to read because not clear or untidy) 字迹模糊的；无法辨识的
• completely unreadable handwriting 完全无从辨认的笔迹
adj. 不值一读的；难以辨认的；难以理解的
 - intangible

Word: watermelon
Front: watermelon
[ˈwɔ:təmelən] (中高 10944/36234)
Back: n. 西瓜
分布：西瓜(100%)
→即多水的甜瓜，用于指西瓜。
US ['wɑ:.tˌɚ-] noun countable or uncountable
■a large round or oval-shaped fruit with dark green skin, sweet watery pink flesh and a lot of black seeds 西瓜
n. [园艺] 西瓜
 - sandia

Word: watchmaker
Front: watchmaker
[ˈwɒtʃmeɪkə(r)] (28668/25384)
Back: n. 表的制造人，钟表匠
分布：钟表匠(100%)
n. 钟表匠；表的制造人
 - jeweller

Word: womanise

Word: xingu

Word: alger
Front: alger
[ˈældʒə] None
Back: <法>阿尔及尔（阿尔及利亚首都）

Word: amplifier
Front: amplifier
[ˈæmplɪfaɪə(r)] (研 15529/9205 -1)
Vocabulary: amplifier
(once / 16624 pages)
n
An amplifier is a device that makes an electronic signal stronger, and it's most often used to increase the volume of musical instruments. If you play electric guitar in a rock band, you use an amplifier.
In scientific terms, an amplifier can increase (or amplify) any type of signal, including magnetic signals and optical signals. When people talk about amplifiers, they usually mean the ones used by musicians and sound engineers. If you plug your electric bass guitar into an amplifier, you can make the sound loud enough that your next door neighbors will be able to hear it. You can call an amplifier an amp for short.
WORD FAMILY
amplifier: amplifiers+/amplification: amplifications/ amplify: amplification, amplified, amplifier, amplifies, amplifying
USAGE EXAMPLES
She looked like a mannequin under a pile of charred wreckage about a dozen feet high, among pianos, drum kits and amplifiers coated with soot.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 18, 2016)
That was it: the power and magic of distorted guitars. blasting through loud Marshall amplifiers.
Washington Times(Dec 10, 2016)
In the moments leading up to a Pig Destroyer show I once caught, Hull tested his amplifier with three choppy strums of the guitar.
Washington Post(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 扩音器; 放大器; 扩大的人; 详述者
分布：放大器(99%)，扩音机(1%)
扩音器(amplify扩音)[-fier表名词"人和物",由-ify转化而来]
n.放大器,扩大器According to the pamphlet, the current in the amplifier can be amplified to 3 amperes.根据小册子,在放大器里的电流可以被放大到3安培.
US [-ɚ] (informal amp)
noun countable
■an electrical device which makes sounds louder 扩音器，扬声器
n. [电子] 放大器，扩大器；扩音器
 - mike, microphone

Word: apotheosis
Front: apotheosis
[əˌpɒθiˈəʊsɪs] (宝 23615/23012)
Vocabulary: apotheosis
(once / 5573 pages)
n
If your teacher says the term paper you handed in last week is a work of genius that sets a new gold standard for the school, he's telling you your work is the apotheosis of term papers. The epitome. Perfection.
Hidden in the middle of apotheosis you'll find the Greek theos, meaning god. (Theology, the study of religion, has the same root.) Combine theos with apo "from" and you get a person, place, or thing that is so out-of-this-world amazing that it seems as if it's "from God." It's divine. You could make the assertion that Leonardo da Vinci was the apotheosis of genius and that the Mona Lisa is the apotheosis of all his paintings.
WORD FAMILY
apotheosis: apotheoses, apotheosise, apotheosize+/apotheosise: apotheosised/apotheosize: apotheosized, apotheosizes, apotheosizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
I’m referring to his recent “60 Minutes” interview, the apotheosis of all of his tongue biting and conscience snuffing to date.
Seattle Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Earlier this year he appeared in Jason Bourne, but in many ways Rogue One marks the apotheosis from plucky indie actor to mainstream Hollywood player.
The Guardian(Dec 04, 2016)
Mr Trump’s campaign was the apotheosis of this personality-centred operation.
Economist(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: n. 尊为神圣; 神化; 美化; 颂扬
分布：神化(42%)，典范(34%)，顶峰(13%)，尊为神(11%)
→前缀apo-, 从，从...离开，此处用于加强语气，指变成。词根theo, 神，见theology, 神学。即从人变神。或者可能来自于一种宗教概念，本自来于神，化身为人，又重归神位。参照基督教耶稣，印度教avatar, 中国济公。
神化(apo离开+theo+sis→离开人变成神→神化)[the(a)=god表示"神"]
【记】1）apo变更，theos神－变更为神－神化2）a一个，pot小瓶子－装着可以满足你三个愿望的神－神话
【参】theology（n 神学）；atheism（n 无神论）；deify（v 神化）
US [-ˌpɑ:.θi'oʊ-] (plural apotheoses) formal
noun countable usually singular
■the best or most extreme example of something 典范；最完美的榜样；极致
• Most people agree that her acting career achieved its apotheosis in this film. 多数人认为她的演艺事业透过这部电影达到了巅峰。
• Bad taste in clothes reached its apotheosis in the 1970s. 20世纪70年代，人们对于衣着的恶俗品味已经无以复加。
the apotheosis of sb
■the act of making someone into a god 尊奉（某人）为神`（圣）；神化（某人）
• One of the large paintings showed the Apotheosis of the Emperor Trajan. 其中一幅大型图画描绘的是册封罗马皇帝图拉真为神的场景。
n. 神化；崇拜，颂扬；尊奉为神
 - praise, worship, celebration

Word: angular
Front: angular
[ˈæŋgjələ(r)] (托宝 10062/10317 -1)
Vocabulary: angular
(once / 1731 pages)
adj
Whether it’s a face with strikingly lean bone structure, a tall rectangular building, or something written in Arabic script, anything that is characterized by sharp angles can be described as angular.
The word angular describes objects that have sharp angles, such as something with many corners and few soft curves. You’ll also hear it used to describe a person’s face or body. A tall, thin person with prominent bones can be described as angular. The word can be used figuratively to describe movements that are jerky and not smooth, such as the angular dance moves that go with a fast rock song.
WORD FAMILY
angular: angularest, angularity, angularly+/ angle: angled, angler, angles, angling, angular, angulate/ angler: anglers/angling: anglings/angularity: angularities/angulate: angulated, angulating, angulation
USAGE EXAMPLES
She is tall, thin, with dark hair combed off her angular face.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Above the Space Needle in the team’s angular crest hovered a gold star.
Seattle Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Those images of monumental debris—angular masses that appear to emerge from sediment like alien geology—remain transfixing.
The New Yorker(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 有角的; 用角测量的，用弧度测量的; 生硬的，笨拙的; （人）瘦削的
分布：有角的(49%)，有尖角的(34%)，消瘦的(17%)
【记】an一块，gu拼：骨，lar读：了－就剩下一块骨头了－消瘦的
US [-lɚ] adjective
■having or relating to one or more angles 有角的，与角有关的
■having a clear shape with sharp points 有尖角的；尖的；有棱角的
• Her features were too angular, her face a little too long for beauty. 她的相貌棱角太突出，脸型有点长，说不上漂亮。
adj. [生物] 有角的；生硬的，笨拙的；瘦削的
 - abrupt, awkward

Word: aztec
Front: aztec
[ˈæztek] (16548/32875)
Back: n. 阿芝台克人，阿芝台克语
adj. 阿芝台克人的
分布：阿芝特克人的(30%)，阿芝特克语(28%)，阿芝特克人(28%)，阿芝特克语的(14%)

Word: archangel
Front: archangel
[ˈɑ:keɪndʒl] (26622/35648)
Vocabulary: archangel
(once / 2469 pages)
1n 2n
In religious writing, an archangel is the most important angel of all, sometimes described as ranking above the regular angels.
You'll come across the noun archangel if you're reading Christian, Judaic, or Islamic religious texts. In the Christian Bible, the word archangel is only used twice, once generally and once to refer to Michael, although there are many other figures in Christianity considered to be archangels. The Greek root word, arkhangelos, is made up of arkh, "first or chief," and angelos, "angel."
WORD FAMILY
archangel: archangelic, archangelical, archangels+/ angel: angelic, angelical, angels, archangel / angelic: angelically
USAGE EXAMPLES
The saplings were grown by the Archangel Ancient Tree Archive, a Michigan nonprofit saving the genetics of ancient trees by cloning and planting.
Seattle Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Michalski was raised Catholic and among his paintings is one of Michael, the archangel.
Washington Times(Dec 09, 2016)
And Williamson owns many beautiful moments as Troy’s brother, who, after a head injury suffered during the war, believes he is the archangel Gabriel.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: n. 天使长，大天使
分布：大天使(55%)，天使长(42%)，=Arkhangelsk.(3%)
US [ɑ:r-/ UK ['-ˌ--] noun countable
■an angel of high rank 天使长，大天使
• the Archangel Gabriel 天使长加百列

Word: baccalaureate
Front: baccalaureate
[ˌbækəˈlɔ:riət] (20925/-)
Vocabulary: baccalaureate
(once / 45990 pages)
1n 2n
The noun baccalaureate means the same thing as a bachelor's degree from college. It can also refer to a "baccalaureate service," which is a like a farewell ceremony for graduating seniors from high school or college.
You can “receive a baccalaureate” or you can “attend a baccalaureate.” If you receive a baccalaureate that means you have received a bachelor's degree for undergraduate studies in college. When you attend a baccalaureate, that means you are attending a ceremony celebrating graduating seniors. Traditionally, a baccalaureate was a religious service held the Sunday before graduation, but in modern times it doesn’t necessarily have a religious meaning.
WORD FAMILY
baccalaureate: baccalaureates
USAGE EXAMPLES
During Brown’s tenure, the system expanded the number of applied baccalaureate degrees it offers from 12 to 75.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
By contrast, the school district lets anyone into its best high school courses, Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate.
Washington Post(Dec 04, 2016)
Even affluent suburban high schools usually do not require AP or International Baccalaureate for all students.
Washington Post(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: n. （法国等国家以及一些国际学校的）中学毕业会考; （美国为中学或大学毕业生举行的）宗教礼仪，布道
分布：学士学位(70%)，告别训辞(30%)
→词源同bachelor, 学士。俗词源认为来自拉丁词bacca laure, 桂树叶， bacca , 莓子，同Bacchus, 酒神. laure, 同laurel. 即类似桂冠诗人。
n. 学士学位；对毕业班的致辞
 - Bachelor Degree, bachelor's degree

Word: bah
Front: bah
[bɑ:] (19704/42291)
Back: int. 呸
分布：呸(100%)
old use
exclamation
■an expression of anger or disapproval （表示恼怒、不赞同）呸！
int. 呸
 - foh, phooey, faugh

Word: beige
Front: beige
[beɪʒ] (11013/15161 -1)
Vocabulary: beige
(once / 13857 pages)
adjn
Beige is a tan color with a reputation for being neutral, if not boring. Khaki pants and coffee with lots of cream might be beige.
Beige does not sound the way it looks. The "ei" is pronounced like a long "a" (as in "cake") and the "g" is a soft "zh" sound. This is because beige comes straight out of French, where it originally meant a fabric of the color we now know as beige. See? Beige has some interesting qualities for such a boring color.
WORD FAMILY
beige: beiger, beiges
USAGE EXAMPLES
On Monday, Dallas Cowboys quarterback Dak Prescott also wore the model, but in a beige colorway.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 28, 2016)
No, Bet Hatikva begins with a B, as in “basically bleak and beige and blah blah blah.”
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Air Force One is less lavish but there is plenty of wood and leather and a similar predominance of beige and taupe.
The Guardian(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: n. 米黄色; 淡棕色; 原色哔叽呢
adj. 米色的，淡棕色的
分布：米黄色(60%)，米黄色的(32%)，薄斜纹呢(8%)
→词源不详。
adjective noun uncountable
■(of) a pale creamy brown colour 米色（的）

Word: beep
Front: beep
[bi:p] (13285/25769)
Vocabulary: beep
(once / 13462 pages)
nv
A beep is a brief warning sound. You might give a quick beep on your car horn to let a bicyclist know you're passing her on the road.
Your friend's voice mail might say, "Leave a message after the beep!" and your smoke alarm might emit an annoying series of beeps when its battery is dying. In either case, you'll hear a high-pitched, brief tone. The word is imitative — it sounds like what it means — and relatively new, only as old as the car horns it imitates. Beep was first an interjection in the 1920s, and a noun and a verb by the end of the decade.
WORD FAMILY
beep: beeped, beeper, beeping, beeps+/beeper: beepers
USAGE EXAMPLES
As soon as the person hears the beep, she jots notes about what was in her mind at that moment.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
Now, technology is being applied to difficulty in sleeping caused in an increasing number of Americans by the beeps and Day-Glo lights of tech devices.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Four quick beeps means they should hop on the No. 4 square.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. 哔哔声
v. 嘟嘟响
时态：beeped, beeping, beeps
分布：哔哔声(51%)，发出哔哔声(33%)，吹号(16%)
→拟声词。
verb
intransitive or transitive
■to cause to make a short loud sound （使）发出嘟嘟声
• The taxi-driver beeped (his horn) impatiently at the cyclist. 计程车司机不耐烦地向骑脚踏车人嘟嘟按喇叭。
• I don't like those watches that keep beeping every hour. 我不喜欢那些一到整点就嘀嘀响的手表。
transitive US (UK bleep)
■to call someone, for example a doctor, by sending a signal to a beeper which they carry 呼叫（某人）；给（某人）发信息

Word: augusta
Front: augusta
[ɔ:'ɡʌstə] (-/17712)
Back: n. 奥古斯塔（美国缅因州首府）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: bma

Word: bicentennial
Front: bicentennial
[ˌbaɪsenˈteniəl] (20469/43063)
Back: n. 二百年，二百周年纪念
分布：两百周年纪念(78%)，两百周年的(22%)
noun adjective US for bicentenary
• bicentennial celebrations 200周年庆祝活动

Word: breadbasket
Front: breadbasket
[ˈbredbɑ:skɪt] (28101/-)
Back: n. <俚>胃，腹; 谷仓
分布：装面包的篮子(75%)，谷物主产地(25%)
n. 胃；面包篮；产粮地区；大型空投炸弹
 - stomach, gastro

Word: betterment
Front: betterment
[ˈbetəmənt] (21004/23226)
Back: n. 改好，改良，改进
分布：改善(93%)，〈法律〉房客修缮房屋(7%)
US ['betˌ.ɚ-] noun uncountable
■improvement
• Several changes have been made for the betterment of the sport. 为了使该项运动变得完善，已作出了一些变革。
n. 改善，改进；改良；涨价
 - improvement, reform, amendment, refining

Word: bora
Front: bora
['bɒrə] None
Back: n. 吹袭亚德里亚海沿岸的季节性东北冷风，澳洲土人男孩成人仪式
分布：吹袭亚德里亚海沿岸的季节性东北冷风(100%)

Word: breen

Word: buccaneering
Front: buccaneering
[ˌbʌkəˈnɪərɪŋ] (-/42925)
Back: n. 海盗行为，掠夺
adj. 海盗的
分布：海盗行为(100%)
n. 海盗行为；掠夺
 - piracy, rapine
adj. 海盗的
 - piratical

Word: capillary
Front: capillary
[kəˈpɪləri] (托宝 21650/22884 -1)
Vocabulary: capillary
(once / 4370 pages)
1nadj 2adj
You are probably most familiar with the word capillary as a minute vessel that transports blood to larger vessels in the body, but a capillary can actually mean any tiny tubelike device that moves a liquid from point to point.
Capillary comes from the Latin word capillaris, meaning "of or resembling hair." The meaning stems from the tiny, hairlike diameter of a capillary. While capillary is usually used as a noun, the word also is used as an adjective, as in "capillary action," in which a liquid is moved along — even upward, against gravity — as the liquid is attracted to the internal surface of the capillaries.
WORD FAMILY
capillary: capillaries, capillarity
USAGE EXAMPLES
Actual organs, she says, will require a more complex pattern of veins and capillaries of varying sizes.
Nature(Dec 06, 2016)
The presence of enlarged or malformed capillaries in this area, the nail fold, indicate an underlying connective tissue disease.
New York Times(Dec 05, 2016)
I tried crying until capillaries broke in my eyelids.
The Guardian(Oct 06, 2016)
Back: n. 毛细管; 毛细血管; 微管
adj. 毛细管的; 毛状的; 表面张力的; 细长的
分布：毛细管(97%)，毛细管的(2%)，毛状的(1%)
→来自词根cap, 头。-ille, 小词后缀。原指头上的细长毛发，后指毛细血管。
【记】cap头，ill病－头得病，比如脑血栓，就是血管堵塞的结果。
US [-ɚ-] specialized
noun countable
■a very thin tube, especially one of the smaller tubes that carry blood around the body 毛细管；（尤指）毛细血管
adj. [解剖] [物] 毛细管的；毛状的
 - hairy, ciliary

Word: burlesque
Front: burlesque
[bɜ:ˈlesk] (宝 25695/37858)
Vocabulary: burlesque
(once / 1800 pages)
nvadj
In contemporary usage, burlesque is a playfully nostalgic form of striptease — think fans and feather boas rather than explicit nudity — but this is just the latest form of an ironic style of entertainment dating back to medieval times.
Burlesque comes from burla, Spanish for "joke." Comedy has always been an essential part of burlesque art, but it's comedy of a particular kind. Burlesque is satirical, and it uses exaggeration that can be extreme. Early examples of burlesque in English literature can be found in the Canterbury Tales. By the eighteenth century, the word was used to describe often risqué parodies of serious operas or plays. Burlesque became associated with striptease in the music halls and vaudeville theaters of nineteenth-century America.
WORD FAMILY
burlesque: burlesqued, burlesquely, burlesques, burlesquing
USAGE EXAMPLES
From kitchen sinks to chancellors and immigrants to burlesque queens, these four photography shows light up the season.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
In a profile on his retirement, The Seattle Times described his lectures as “part burlesque, part improv, totally unforgettable and always enlightening.”
Seattle Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Offerings include stargazing, surfing, embroidering, food tasting, truffle hunting, burlesque dance lessons, mountain biking, samurai-sword classes and murder mystery tours.
The Guardian(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: n. 滑稽模仿; <美>（包括脱衣舞的）滑稽歌舞杂剧
adj. 嘲弄地模仿的; 滑稽剧的，用滑稽剧的
vt. & vi. （嘲弄地）模仿，（通过模仿）取笑
时态：burlesqued, burlesquing, burlesques
分布：滑稽模仿(28%)，滑稽表演的(18%)，讽刺性作品的(18%)，嘲讽性作品(18%)，滑稽模仿的(18%)
→来自拉丁词burra, 羊毛，粗糙的布。词源同bur, 芒刺，形容布粗糙。可能来自一种披着糙布表演的滑稽舞台剧。
讽刺的(戏剧)(burl嘻笑+esque)[-esque表形容词"如…的"]
【记】1）burle＝burla[玩笑]－滑稽戏；参考：burly（adj 魁伟的）2）读：不来死磕－不是真打－假打就是演戏－滑稽戏剧
US [bɝ:-] noun
countable or uncountable
■a type of writing or acting that tries to make something serious seem stupid 滑稽讽刺作品（或表演）
uncountable US
■a theatrical entertainment in the US in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that had funny acts and a striptease (= a performance in which someone removes their clothes) 滑稽歌舞杂剧（包含脱衣舞等，盛行于19世纪末至20世纪初的美国）
n. 作戏；滑稽戏
 - antimasque
adj. 滑稽的；可笑的
 - funny, ridiculous

Word: carver
Front: carver
['kɑ:və] (托 13713/24183)
Back: n. 雕刻师，雕工; 切肉的人; 切肉刀，切肉用具; 卡佛（人名）
分布：雕工(38%)，雕刻匠(23%)，雕刻工具(17%)，切肉用具(11%)，切肉人(11%)
US ['kɑ:r.vɚ] (also electric carver)
noun countable
■a knife which has a blade that is moved very quickly by electricity, and is used for cutting cooked meat 电动切肉刀
n. 切肉刀； [口腔] 雕刻者；切肉的人
 - cleaver, sculpsit

Word: catalyse
Front: catalyse
[ˈkætəlaɪz] (-/25099)
Back: v. 催化，促成
时态：catalysed, catalysing, catalyses
分布：催化(93%)，促使(7%)
→cata-, 向下，强调。-lyse, 同lose,松开。即使松开的，起催化作用的。
vt. 催化；促成（等于catalyze）
 - katalyze

Word: cathartic
Front: cathartic
[kə'θɑ:tɪk] (19984/33415)
Vocabulary: cathartic
(once / 9657 pages)
adjn
A movie, play, or song that makes you cry is called cathartic. Most good writers try to create work that causes you to experience a strong rush of emotion.
If you've been feeling like you need a good cry, you should watch a cathartic movie like Bambi — or any film that's sure to make you weep. Things that are cathartic don't always call up tears. Things that makes you scream, like a roller-coaster ride or a boxing match, are also cathartic. Whatever causes you to release a sudden flood of feelings is cathartic. Some therapies ask you to hit a pillow or break dishes, because those are cathartic activities.
WORD FAMILY
cathartic: cathartically, cathartics
USAGE EXAMPLES
It seemed like a cathartic moment for Noah.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Even without listening to the lyrics, the sound itself is cathartic and calming.
Salon(Dec 31, 2016)
“It’s cathartic the way a good, sad movie is cathartic,” she said.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 通便的，导泻的
n. 泻药
分布：泻药(55%)，通便的(23%)，利泻的(11%)，起宣泄作用的(11%)
泻药(cathar净化+tic[=ic])[-ic 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人或学科"3.表名词"某种病"]
泻药[cathar=pure(纯洁)]
adj. 导泻的； [药] 通便的
 - aperient
n. 泻药； [药] 通便药
 - jalap, purger

Word: carcinogen
Front: carcinogen
[kɑ:ˈsɪnədʒən] (宝 14825/28722)
Vocabulary: carcinogen
(once / 26266 pages)
n
A carcinogen is anything that causes cancer. Cigarette smoke, car exhaust, asbestos: all of these are known carcinogens. Don't even ask about the ones we don't know about...
When you see the suffix "-gen" you know you're dealing with something that produces, causes, or generates something. Think of the Book of Genesis, or the beginning of all things. "Carcinoma," the name of a specific type of cancer, comes from the Greek karkinos, which means "crab" and "ulcer," as well as the animal associated with the astrological sign of Cancer. So you can see that carcinogen simply means "generating cancer."
WORD FAMILY
carcinogen: carcinogenic, carcinogens
USAGE EXAMPLES
If this were merely an issue of a few pro athletes deciding to expose themselves to deadly carcinogens, it would not be a public-health issue.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
Asbestos was declared a human carcinogen by the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer in 1987.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
An addiction and carcinogen–free society would be ideal.
Slate(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. 致癌物
分布：致癌物(100%)
→carcin, 癌，同cancer, 字母r,n音变。-gen, 产生。
【记】cancer（n 癌，毒瘤），gen产生－致癌物
【参】carcinoma（n [医]癌科）
US [kɑ:r-] noun countable
■a substance which causes cancer 致癌物质
• The American government classifies both asbestos and environmental tobacco smoke as class one carcinogens. 美国政府将石棉和环境中的香烟烟雾列为第一类致癌物。

Word: coinage
Front: coinage
[ˈkɔɪnɪdʒ] (托 27919/13272)
Back: n. 货币制度
分布：造币(47%)，硬币(30%)，货币制度(19%)，创造新词(4%)
noun
MONEY 钱
uncountable
■a set of coins of different values used in a country's money system 货币系统，货币制度
• decimal coinage 十进位币制
['kɔɪ.nɪdʒ] noun
NEW WORD 新的词语
countable or uncountable
■(the inventing of) a new word or phrase in a language 新造的词（语）；新词语的创造
• The expression 'boy band' is a nineties coinage. boy band（男孩乐队）是20世纪90年代的新词语。
n. 造币； [金融] 货币制度；新造的字及其语等
 - monetary system, mintage

Word: celluloid
Front: celluloid
[ˈseljulɔɪd] (21953/20218)
Vocabulary: celluloid
(once / 9842 pages)
1n 2adj
Celluloid is a type of plastic that’s transparent and flammable. Until recently, most movies were filmed on celluloid.
Celluloid is a name for film used in shooting movies. Because of its use in making films, this term came to stand for movies in general. Its days in the projection room are now pretty much finished — due to the rise of digital filming — but the figurative meaning lives on, wherever stars aspire. For example, you could say a TV actor was making the move from the small screen to celluloid. Besides movies, celluloid is used in shooting x-rays.
WORD FAMILY
celluloid: celluloids
USAGE EXAMPLES
It tells the story of scrappy young people striving to make it big in the city of celluloid dreams.
Time(Dec 01, 2016)
There were other experiments with frame rates in the celluloid era.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Although this retrospective, which continues through Nov. 29, isn’t all celluloid, many titles are showing in their original 35-millimeter format.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 赛璐珞，电影胶片; 假象牙
分布：赛璐珞(52%)，电影(30%)，假象牙(10%)，明胶(8%)
→来自cellulose,纤维素。-oid, 类，相似，见anthropoid, 类人。
noun uncountable old-fashioned
■films or the cinema generally （总称）电影
• Critics called it 'The most seductive image of woman ever committed to celluloid' (= put in a film). 评论家称之为“最具诱惑力的女性银幕形象”。
■a type of plastic used to make many things, especially, in the past, photographic film （尤指旧时用于制作电影胶片的）赛璐珞，明胶
n. [塑料] 赛璐珞；（美俚）电影（胶片）
 - movie, film, cinema

Word: crete
Front: crete
[kri:t] (-/13000)
Back: n. 克利特岛（位于地中海东部，属希腊）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: confetti
Front: confetti
[kənˈfeti] (19366/22733)
Vocabulary: confetti
(once / 12287 pages)
n
Confetti is the small bits of paper that you festively throw at a celebration. People at New Year's parties often mark the stroke of midnight by tossing confetti into the air.
It's traditional to throw rice at the newly married couple after a wedding ceremony, but sometimes guests throw confetti instead. Other places you might see (or throw) confetti are parades, game shows, sporting events, and parties. Confetti is usually made of paper, though sometimes it's plastic or shiny mylar. Confetti is the plural form of the Italian confetto, "sweetmeat," and the tradition began with small candies thrown during Italian parades and celebrations.
WORD FAMILY
confetti
USAGE EXAMPLES
We kick a path through piles of confetti from room to room.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
“They kept falling out of the ballots and they were all over the floor, like confetti.”
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
In one, confetti is shown being thrown over the newly-weds outside an AA two star hotel.
BBC(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. （婚礼时撒在新娘新郎身上的）五彩纸屑
分布：五彩纸屑(84%)，碎花纸(16%)
→来自confection, 甜食。词义由甜食到五彩纸屑，以与甜食相配。字母c脱落，比较benefit, benefactor.
US [-'fetˌ-] noun uncountable
■small pieces of coloured paper which you throw at a celebration, especially over two people who have just been married （尤指结婚等庆典时抛撒的）五彩碎纸
n. （婚礼、狂欢节中抛撒的）五彩纸屑；（旧时狂欢节或庆祝场合抛撒的）糖果
 - sweet, comfit

Word: cosmologist
Front: cosmologist
[kɒz'mɒlədʒɪst] (19284/47813)
Vocabulary: cosmologist
(once / 77759 pages)
n
A cosmologist is a scientist who studies the universe. If you hope to become a cosmologist one day, you'll want to take a lot of astronomy classes in college.
It's easy to confuse the words cosmologist and cosmetologist, though the jobs themselves are completely different. A cosmologist focuses her studies on the structure and history of the entire universe — how it formed, how it's changed, and what exists within it. A cosmetologist, on the other hand, is an expert at hair styling and applying makeup. The Greek roots of cosmologist are kosmos, "order or orderly arrangement," and logia, "discourse or dialog."
WORD FAMILY
cosmologist: cosmologists+/ cosmology: cosmological, cosmologies, cosmologist
USAGE EXAMPLES
While Hawking thinks technology has the capacity to ensure mankind's survival, previous statements suggest the cosmologist is simultaneously grappling with the potential threat it poses.
Washington Post(Nov 17, 2016)
Cosmologists today collect vast amounts of exquisite data in surveys of large parts of the sky, costing billions of dollars.
Nature(Nov 01, 2016)
“CHIME is a stunning bargain,” says Halpern, an experimental cosmologist at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada.
Nature(Sep 27, 2016)
Back: n. 宇宙学家，宇宙论者
分布：宇宙学家(81%)，宇宙论者(19%)

Word: consecrate
Front: consecrate
[ˈkɒnsɪkreɪt] (托宝 20656/16071 -1)
Vocabulary: consecrate
(once / 449 pages)
vadj
Consecrate means to make holy or to dedicate to a higher purpose. You need to consecrate a building to turn it into a church, but you can also consecrate a week in New York City to the pursuit of the perfect bagel.
The secr part of consecrate comes from the Latin sacer "sacred." Remember that something consecrated is dedicated to God and thus sacred. And then remember that the meanings of words tend to stretch; over time this one moved from "dedicated to God" to "dedicated to whatever": jelly donuts, the perfect tan, finding a solution to Rubik's Cube.
WORD FAMILY
consecrate: consecrated, consecrates, consecrating, consecration, deconsecrate, reconsecrate+/ consecrated: consecratedly, unconsecrated/ consecration: consecrations/deconsecrate: deconsecrated/reconsecrate: reconsecrated, reconsecrating
USAGE EXAMPLES
Consecrated in 1895, long before the Second World War, it was built to celebrate Germany’s victory in the Franco-Prussian War.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Environmental activists concerned about the viability of the planet and the way our fossil-fuel dependence gets consecrated in our infrastructure.
Slate(Dec 11, 2016)
It consecrates the soldier’s sacred purpose as surely as the one Dürer painted on his Virgin Mary, mother of sorrows.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: vt. 把…奉为神圣，给…祝圣; 奉献，献祭; 使就圣职; 举行圣体礼使
adj. 神圣的; 被献给神的
时态：consecrated, consecrating, consecrates
分布：奉献(50%)，使神圣(17%)，神圣的(11%)，被献给神的(11%)，供神用(11%)
→con-, 强调。-secr, 神圣，神源同saint, sacred.
【记】con，socd神圣－使…神圣con共同，se色，crate板条箱：有颜色的板条箱的共同点是用来祭祀的－把…视为神圣
【参】desecrate（vt 亵渎；污辱）；sacrifice（n /v 牺牲）
US ['kɑ:nt-] verb transitive
■to officially make something holy and able to be used for religious ceremonies 使圣化；把…奉为神圣；给…祝圣
• The new cathedral was completed and consecrated in 1962. 新的大教堂于1962年竣工并祝圣。
■to officially give someone the title of bishop in the Christian Church in a religious ceremony 宣布（某人）任主教
vt. 奉献；使神圣；供神用；献身于
 - be dedicated to, devote to
adj. 神圣的；被献给神的
 - sacred, divine, blessed

Word: colt
Vocabulary: colt
(once / 1880 pages)
n
A colt is a male horse that's younger than four years old. When your colt is older than four, you can call him a stallion, gelding, or simply a horse.
There are many terms for horses, depending what age they are and whether they're male or female. While colt can only refer to a young male, and a female of a similar age would be called a filly, you can talk about a horse of either sex that's between one and two years old as a yearling. The word colt comes directly from Old English, and it originally meant "young ass," or "young camel."
WORD FAMILY
colt: coltish, colts+/ coltish: coltishly, sportively
USAGE EXAMPLES
Rico, the nuzzling colt, likes his new human friends and the feed bucket, but his mom is not so quick to trust again.
Washington Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Hall of Fame jockey Mike Smith piloted the three-year-old colt past the celebrated field in a dramatic stretch run to win America's richest race.
Reuters(Nov 05, 2016)
Named for New York Mets pitcher Noah Syndergaard, the colt broke second out of the starting gate and quickly went to the lead.
Washington Times(Nov 05, 2016)

Word: curly
Front: curly
[ˈkɜ:li] (六雅 9234/10308 -K1)
Vocabulary: curly
(once / 988 pages)
adj
Something that's curly is wavy, coiled, or spiral-shaped. While you might envy your friend's straight, shiny hair, she may be equally envious of your wild, curly hair.
You can add curly ribbons to a plain package to dress it up, or buy kale in different varieties, including one with curly leaves. You're most likely to use the adjective curly, however, to describe someone's hair, if it falls in ringlets. Curly comes from curl, which was originally crulle, probably from the Middle Dutch word krul, "curly."
WORD FAMILY
curly: curlier, curliest, curliness+/ curl: curled, curler, curling, curls, curly, uncurl/curler: curlers/curling: curlingly, curlings/uncurl: uncurled, uncurling, uncurls
USAGE EXAMPLES
“A good-looking kid with curly hair. He was just too sweet. I didn’t want to crush him.”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Favorites include wild arugula, “Freckles” romaine and “Red Sails” curly leaf.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 17, 2016)
Eaton wore his new jersey with the curly W and a red No. 2 on it.
Washington Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 有卷发的，长卷毛的; （木材）有皱状纹理的; 蜷缩的; （植物）有卷叶病的
级别：curlier, curliest
分布：卷曲的(100%)
US ['kɝ:-] adjective
■having curls or a curved shape 卷曲的
• He has blond curly hair. 他有一头金色鬈发。
• These pigs all have curly tails. 这些猪都是卷尾巴。
adj. 卷曲的；卷毛的；（木材）有皱状纹理的；蜷缩的
 - frizzy

Word: deodorant
Front: deodorant
[diˈəʊdərənt] (17089/22129 -1)
Vocabulary: deodorant
(once / 33770 pages)
n
Deodorant is a substance that covers up the smell of sweat. You might use deodorant in the summer, applying it under your arms every morning.
Deodorant is used to mask the smell of body odors or perspiration, either by keeping you from sweating or by killing the bacteria that can grow in sweaty areas of the body. Most deodorants also have a flowery or musky smell that's meant to overwhelm less pleasant smells. In the mid-1800s, a deodorant was "a substance meant to quell the odor of manure" on a farm or in a garden.
WORD FAMILY
deodorant: deodorants+/deodorise: deodorised, deodorises, deodorising/ deodorize: deodorized, deodorizing/inodorous: inodorously/ odor: deodorant, deodorise, deodorize, odorize, odorless, odorous, odors/odorize: odorized/odorless: odorlessly/ odorous: inodorous, odorously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Winning is a great deodorant and a playoff berth is like cologne.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Their efforts are visible even in the school’s supply closets, where toothbrushes and deodorant are stored along with pencils and paper.
New York Times(Jun 06, 2016)
I could smell the chalky deodorant under her arms.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Back: n. 除臭剂，防臭剂
adj. 除臭的，防臭的
分布：除臭剂(93%)，可除臭的(7%)
→de-, 向下，除去。odor, 气味。
除臭剂(de去掉+odor气味)[-ant 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"…人"3.表名词"…剂"]
US [-'oʊ.dɚ-] noun countable or uncountable
■a substance that you put on your body to prevent or hide unpleasant smells 除味剂，除臭剂

Word: deceitful
Front: deceitful
[dɪˈsi:tfl] (托 21623/20151)
Vocabulary: deceitful
(once / 1696 pages)
adj
Do you like to tell lies? Then you're deceitful — someone who's untrustworthy, two-faced, or fraudulent.
Being called deceitful is not a compliment: deceitful words are misleading and deceitful people tend to lie or deceive others. You can say a corrupt business is deceitful, and a two-faced politician is deceitful. A deceitful story is meant to trick you in some way, and a deceitful friend is no friend at all — they're someone you shouldn't trust. Deceitful is the opposite of honest.
WORD FAMILY
deceitful: deceitfulest, deceitfully, deceitfulness+/ deceit: deceitful, deceits, self-deceit
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mining this background, LeRoy wrote extraordinary books – Sarah, Harold’s End and The Heart is Deceitful Above All Things – to widespread acclaim.
The Guardian(Dec 27, 2016)
If they become law following votes in European Parliament, as currently drafted, that path forward would be paved with deceitful accounting practices.
Salon(Dec 25, 2016)
Judge Michael Kay QC told her: "You are a violent, dishonest and deceitful person and ultimately a selfish, heartless killer."
BBC(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 不诚实的，骗人的
adv. 惯于欺骗地，不诚实地
分布：欺诈的(52%)，欺骗的(48%)
adj. 欺骗的；欺诈的；谎言的；虚伪的
 - artificial, false

Word: decibel
Front: decibel
[ˈdesɪbel] (宝 -/20427)
Back: n. <物>分贝
分布：名词(100%)
→deci-, 十分之一。bel, 音量单位，来自19世纪苏格兰电话设计工程师Alexander Bell.
noun countable
■a unit for measuring the loudness of sound 分贝（衡量声音强度的单位）
• The typical lawn mower makes about 90 decibels of noise. 普通割草机产生的噪音约为90分贝。

Word: demarcation
Front: demarcation
[ˌdi:mɑ:ˈkeɪʃn] (19340/15681)
Vocabulary: demarcation
(once / 4768 pages)
n
A demarcation is a line, boundary, or other conceptual separation between things. Geographically, a demarcation might be the border that separates two countries or the river that divides two regions.
Demarcation comes from the German word for mark. Although it's often used as a term regarding geographical borders and boundaries, it can also be used to describe lines between categories or groups. For example, a definite demarcation exists between people who love the Boston Red Sox and those who love the New York Yankees.
WORD FAMILY
demarcation: demarcations+/ demarcate: demarcated, demarcates, demarcating, demarcation
USAGE EXAMPLES
A constitutional amendment to transfer control over their demarcation from the executive to the legislature is poised for a vote in the lower house.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
O'Brien said, showing a picture he took on a desert road in Bluff, Utah where the demarcation between the road and ground is barely visible.
Reuters(Mar 31, 2016)
The greatest threat today is a border between Russia and Estonia—traditionally more of a suggestion than a demarcation—that divides the Setos.
National Geographic(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 划界，立界; （工会对哪个工作由哪个工会来做的）分工; 定界
分布：划界(81%)，限界(19%)
边界,分界(demarcate+ion)[mark=sign,表示"记号,符号"]
US [-mɑ:r-/ (US also demarkation)
noun countable or uncountable
■a border or a rule that shows the limits of something or how things are divided （界线或规则）分界；分界线
• The river serves as the line of demarcation (= the line showing the separation) between the two counties. 那条河是两国的分界线。
• In some schools, there is little demarcation between subjects (= subjects are not taught separately). 在某些学校里，各学科之间几乎没有明确界限。
• On this map, demarcations between regions are shown with dotted lines. 这张地图用虚线标出了地区分界线。
n. 划分；划界；限界
 - partition, compartmentalization

Word: dissociate
Front: dissociate
[dɪˈsəʊʃieɪt] (宝 21909/15065)
Vocabulary: dissociate
(once / 4780 pages)
v
To dissociate is to break apart from someone, such as an employee leaving a business or a spouse leaving a marriage.
Dissociate is the opposite of associate. It comes from the Latin dissociare, which means basically "to disunite." To dissociate is to stop associating with someone. If a relationship ends, the two people are dissociated from one another. When you see the word dissociate, think "break-up."
WORD FAMILY
dissociate: dissociable, dissociated, dissociates, dissociating, dissociation, dissociative+/dissociation: dissociations
USAGE EXAMPLES
The picks come as Trump works to dissociate himself from the alt-right, a movement of white supremacists who continue to cheer his election.
Time(Nov 24, 2016)
Emotionally, our first response is anger, if we don’t completely dissociate and turn off feelings altogether.
Time(Nov 07, 2016)
He has issued a statement dissociating himself from anyone naming the woman in the case.
BBC(Oct 24, 2016)
Back: vt. 使分离
vi. 分离
时态：dissociated, dissociating, dissociates
分布：分离(40%)，游离(28%)，分裂(20%)，使脱离关系(12%)
→dis-, 不，非，使相反。-soc, 联系，词源同social, society. 即不再联系，否认联系。
分离;断绝关系(dis分开＋soci+ate→伙伴分开→分离)[soc=companion表示"同伴",引申为"社会"]
US [-'soʊ-] (also disassociate)
verb transitive
■to consider as separate and not related 单独考虑，将…分开考虑
• I can't dissociate the man from his political opinions - they're one and the same thing. 我无法把这个人和他的政见分开考虑——这两者是个统一体。
UK [dɪ'səʊ.ʃi.eɪt] US [-'soʊ-] (also disassociate)
verb transitive
  Phrasal Verbs  [R] dissociate yourself from sth
■to make it publicly known that you are not in any way connected to, or responsible for someone or something, often to avoid blame or embarrassment 公开表明自己与…无关
• Most party members are keen to dissociate themselves from the extremists. 大多数党员都急于表明自己与极端分子没有任何瓜葛。
vt. 游离；使分离；分裂
 - separate, divorce
vi. 游离；分离；分裂
 - split off, separate from

Word: essen

Word: dogfight
Front: dogfight
[ˈdɒgfaɪt] (27214/36647)
Back: n. 混战; 空战; 狗咬狗; 缠斗
vi. 在空中缠斗
分布：混战(46%)，空战(31%)，斗狗(13%)，进行混战(10%)
→即狗战，用来形容激烈的战斗。
US ['dɑ:g-] noun countable
■a fight between two military aircraft in which they fly very fast and very close to each other （两架战斗机之间的）空中格斗，激战
■a fight between dogs, usually organized as an illegal entertainment 斗狗（通常为非法娱乐）
n. 混战；空战；狗咬狗
 - melee, mix-up

Word: fecundity
Front: fecundity
[fɪ'kʌndətɪ] (托宝 22711/25096)
Vocabulary: fecundity
(once / 8079 pages)
n
Fecundity means fruitfulness and fertility, the ability to produce abundant healthy growth or offspring.
What a wonderful word fecundity is! It refers to a powerful productivity, usually in the area of natural growth, either from the earth or by human reproduction. But it can also be used to describe great mental ability and creativity, the ability to create intellectual products. In any case, fecundity has a positive sense, suggesting healthy growth of life-forms and mental abilities.
WORD FAMILY
fecundity: fecundities+/ fecund: fecundity
USAGE EXAMPLES
They questioned the fecundity of Rauner’s caps on rate hikes.
Washington Times(Dec 06, 2016)
“The idea was, all these things happen simultaneously in our lives — decay and fecundity,” Mr. Sultan said.
New York Times(Jul 14, 2016)
The gestures conceal her sex and fecundity yet simultaneously draw attention to those attributes, both physical and conceptual.
Los Angeles Times(Jun 17, 2016)
Back: n. 多产; 富饶; 肥沃; <动>产卵力
分布：繁殖力(60%)，多产(27%)，富饶(13%)
多产,富饶(fec做+und+ity→出产的[粮食]像波浪→富饶)[und=wave,表示"波动"]
肥沃;多产(果实很多)[fecund=fruit(果实)]
【记】fecund（adj 生殖力旺盛的；多产丰饶的；肥沃的）＝childingund丰富；参：abundant（adj 丰富的）fe佛，und＝under：地下有佛爷保佑－多产丰饶的
【反】deprivation（n 剥夺）
n. [生物] 繁殖力；多产；肥沃
 - pregnancy, fertility

Word: fangle

Word: excommunicate
Front: excommunicate
[ˌekskəˈmju:nɪkeɪt] (24645/25124)
Back: vt. 开除…的教籍，把…逐出教会
adj. 被逐出教会的
n. 被逐出教会的人
时态：excommunicated, excommunicating, excommunicates
分布：被逐出教会的人(51%)，把 ... 逐出(25%)，已被逐出教会的(12%)，开除教藉(12%)
→ex-, 向外。-commun, 公共，共同，词源同common, community. 即排除在公共之外，后用于宗教用语。
verb transitive
■When the Christian Church, especially the Roman Catholic Church, excommunicates someone, it refuses to give them communion and does not allow them to be involved in the Church. （尤指罗马天主教）开除…的教籍，把…逐出教会
adj. 被逐出教会的
 - unchurched

Word: exhale
Front: exhale
[eksˈheɪl] (托宝 11798/22570 -1)
Vocabulary: exhale
(once / 1560 pages)
v
When you breathe, you inhale and exhale. In other words, you breathe in and out. When you breathe out, you exhale.
If you exhale on a cold winter day, your breath looks like smoke in the frigid air. Yoga classes, with their emphasis on breathing, involve a lot of inhaling and exhaling. When you exhale, your lungs push air out, reducing the carbon dioxide in your body and making room for you to inhale oxygen. The Latin root exhalare combines ex, "out," and halare, "breathe."
WORD FAMILY
exhale: exhalation, exhaled, exhales, exhaling+/exhalation: exhalations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Exhale deeply, then inhale while depressing the handle of the machine, filling your lungs with nitrous oxide instead of oxygen.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
It was — and I found this shocking because socializing is usually stressful for me — an exhale moment.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
It was Glenn’s own voice, a short time later, that allowed the world to exhale.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: vt. 发散出; 放出，放射; 使蒸发; [医]渗出
vi. 呼气; 放出; 发散
时态：exhaled, exhaling, exhales
分布：呼气(93%)，散发(7%)
→ex-, 向外。hale, 呼气。
呼气(ex+hale气→出气→呼气)[ex-①表示"出,出去"②表示"前面的,前任的"]
呼气(ex出+hal+e)[hal,halit=breathe,表示"呼吸']
【记】ex出，hale气－呼气；参：inhale（v 吸气）
【参】exhalation（n 呼出；呼气；发散物）
US ['--] formal
verb intransitive or transitive
■to send air out of your lungs 呼出，吐出（肺中的空气），呼气
• Take a deep breath in then exhale into the mouthpiece. 深呼吸，然后将气吹入吹口中。
Compare inhale
vt. 呼气；发出；发散；使蒸发
 - emit, to send out
vi. 呼气；发出；发散
 - to send out, give off

Word: fleck
Front: fleck
[flek] (托宝 15214/16064 -1)
Vocabulary: fleck
(once / 2780 pages)
1nv 2n
A fleck is a small patch that is different and stands out from the background, like the flecks of green in your blue eyes. A fleck can also be a fragment of something, like the flecks of peeling paint you might see on the floor in an old building.
The noun fleck can describe a color or a spot of light that stands out, like a fleck of orange in a brown and white plaid, or the little bits of light reflected off a sequined top. It can also describe a particle, such as a fleck of dirt you track into your house on your shoe. Fleck can also be a verb that means dotting or marking something with little spots, like when you fleck paint on the wall to produce a random dotted effect.
WORD FAMILY
fleck: flecked, flecking, flecks
USAGE EXAMPLES
Fleck said showing emotion after the game was nothing new for him.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
That was exactly the response Fleck hoped to get from his players.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Fleck says he talks to recruits about the playoff system and the possibility of Western Michigan playing for a national title.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Back: n. 斑纹，斑点; 微粒
vt. 使有斑点; 使形成条纹
时态：flecked, flecking, flecks
分布：斑点(66%)，微粒(23%)，使有斑点(11%)
→词源不详。
【记】读：fly磕－飞起来往墙上磕－磕一脸斑点
【区】freckle（n 雀斑）：free抠－没事儿老抠－雀斑
noun countable usually plural
■a small mark or spot 斑点
• Blackbirds' eggs are pale blue with brown flecks on them. 画眉的蛋呈淡蓝色，上面有褐色斑点。
• I got a few flecks of paint on the window. 我的窗户沾上了几点油漆。
n. [皮肤] 斑点；微粒，小片
 - spot, molecule

Word: fractional
Front: fractional
[ˈfrækʃənl] (宝 20398/20434)
Back: adj. [数]分数的，小数的; 微小的，极小的; 部分的，少量的; 零碎的
分布：分数的(51%)，小数的(27%)，断片的(11%)，微不足道的(11%)
碎片的(fraction+al)[fract,frang=break,表示"打碎"]
adjective
■extremely small 极小的，微小的
• The fall in the value of the yen might result in a fractional increase in interest rates of perhaps a quarter of one per cent. 日元贬值可能会引起0.25%的小幅加息。
adj. [数] 部分的；分数的，小数的
 - part, segmental

Word: garrulous
Front: garrulous
[ˈgærələs] (托宝 26070/32810)
Vocabulary: garrulous
(once / 3222 pages)
adj
A garrulous person just won’t stop talking (and talking, and talking, and talking...).
Garrulous comes from the Latin word garrire for "chattering or prattling." If someone is garrulous, he doesn't just like to talk; he indulges in talking for talking’s sake — whether or not there’s a real conversation going on. If you discover that you have a garrulous neighbor sitting next to you on the plane, you might just want to feign sleep, unless you really want to hear everything going through his mind for the entire trip.
WORD FAMILY
garrulous: garrulity, garrulously, garrulousness+/garrulity: garrulities
USAGE EXAMPLES
But plenty of false stories do circulate on Brazil’s garrulous internet.
The Guardian(Dec 02, 2016)
There are the well-behaved young matrons seated next to their garrulous husbands.
Washington Times(Nov 29, 2016)
It was like arriving with a seal of “original product,” and El Diablito, clever and garrulous, quickly parlayed that into a position of power.
New York Times(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 饶舌的; 多嘴的; 话多的; 喜欢讲话的
分布：喋喋不休的(100%)
→来自gar, 呼喊，呼叫，拟声词。
唠叨的[garr=chatter(唠叨)]
【记】garr聊，ulous多－唠叨的gar嘎嘎叫，rul＝rule（n 规则），ous多：鸭子规则－唠叨的
【反】laconic（adj 说话简洁的）
US ['ger-] adjective
■having the habit of talking a lot, especially about things which are not important （尤指对鸡毛蒜皮的事情）喋喋不休的，絮叨的，饶舌的
adj. 唠叨的；喋喋不休的；多嘴的
 - talking, longwinded

Word: floodlight
Front: floodlight
[ˈflʌdlaɪt] (21032/19269 -1)
Back: n. 泛光灯; 照明灯; 探照灯
v. 泛光照明; 用泛光灯照亮
时态：floodlit, floodlighting, floodlights
分布：泛光灯(72%)，用泛光灯照亮(28%)
→比喻用法。
noun countable usually plural
■a large powerful electric light used for lighting outside areas, such as sports fields or buildings, in the dark （用于体育场、建筑物等室外区域照明的）泛光灯，泛光照明灯
• This evening's match will be played under floodlights. 今晚的比赛将在泛光灯下进行。
n. 照明灯； [电] 泛光灯；探照灯
 - lighting lamp, head lamp

Word: gimmicky
Front: gimmicky
['ɡɪmɪkɪ] (-/36425)
Back: adj. 诡计的，骗人的
分布：巧妙手法的(60%)，噱头的(20%)，耍花招的(20%)

Word: footling
Front: footling
[ˈfu:tlɪŋ] None
Back: adj. <口>愚昧的，无价值的，微不足道的
v. <非正>闲混( footle的现在分词 )
分布：无价值的(46%)，无关紧要的(9%)，无用的(9%)，笨拙的(9%)，微小的(9%)，不熟练的(9%)，动词footle的现在分词形式.(9%)
US [-tˌl-] adjective old-fashioned
■silly or not important 愚蠢的；无足轻重的
• He could always do something useful instead of wasting my time with footling queries. 他总还可以找些有益的事情来做，而不是拿些愚蠢的问题来浪费我的时间。
adj. 无价值的；无能的；无足轻重的；愚昧的
 - worthless, helpless

Word: haemoglobin
Front: haemoglobin
[ˌhi:məˈgləʊbɪn] (31369/13392 -1)
Back: n. 血色素; 血红蛋白
分布：血红蛋白(89%)，血色素(11%)
→haemato-,血，血液，globin-,小球，词源同global.用于指血红蛋白。
US [-gloʊ-] noun uncountable
■a substance in red blood cells which combines with and carries oxygen around the body, and gives blood its red colour 血红蛋白
n. 血红蛋白；血色素
 - hemoglobin, hematoglobin

Word: grinder
Front: grinder
[ˈgraɪndə(r)] (13050/19898)
Back: n. 研磨机，粉碎机; 研磨者，磨刀匠; 臼齿; 〈口〉用功学生
分布：磨床(79%)，磨工(12%)，研磨器(9%)
US [-dɚ] noun
countable
■a machine used to rub or press something until it becomes a powder 碾磨器械；研磨机；磨
• a coffee/pepper grinder 咖啡豆／辣椒碾磨机
UK ['graɪn.dər] US [-dɚ] noun
knife grinder
■a device for making knives sharper, or a person whose job is to do this 磨刀的器械；磨刀匠
n. [木] [机] 研磨机；研磨者；磨工；臼齿
 - muller, lapper

Word: governable
Front: governable
['gʌvənəbl] (42036/-)
Back: adj. 可统治的，可控制的，可支配的
分布：可统治的(38%)，可控制的(31%)，可支配的(31%)
adj. 可控制的；可支配的；可统治的
 - controllable, regulable

Word: homesick
Front: homesick
[ˈhəʊmsɪk] (托 17844/18857 -1)
Vocabulary: homesick
(once / 1801 pages)
adj
When you're away from home and you miss it terribly, you're homesick. Most kids get homesick when they first go to summer camp.
Everyone feels homesick sometimes, but it's probably most common for kids to get homesick when they're on their first sleepover or visiting their grandparents, or even when they leave for college as freshmen. There is a wistful yearning included in the idea of being homesick — a longing to be back where you started. Homesickness came first, from the German heimweh, "home woe" or "home pain."
WORD FAMILY
homesick: homesicker, homesickest, homesickly, homesickness
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I like the old statement ‘Heaven is my home, but I’m not homesick.’
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
One of scurvy’s characteristics was a type of homesick nostalgia.
Slate(Dec 08, 2016)
On Thanksgiving Day, wandering around Iran, I became rather dramatically homesick, and desperate to hear my parents’ voices.
New York Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 想家的，患思乡病的; 莼鲈之思
分布：形容词(92%)，名词(8%)
→home,家，sick,病的。比喻用法。
US ['hoʊm-] adjective
■unhappy because of being away from home for a long period 思乡的，想家的
• As I read my mother's letter, I began to feel more and more homesick. 我在读妈妈的来信时开始觉得越来越想家。

Word: hazel
Front: hazel
[ˈheɪzl] (托 19936/7442 -1)
Back: n. [植]榛; 榛树; 榛木; 淡褐色
adj. 淡褐色的，黄褐色的; 榛树的，榛木制的
分布：淡褐色(48%)，淡褐色的(35%)，榛木(13%)，榛木的(4%)
→来自古英语haesl,来自koselo,榛树，榛子。
noun countable
■a small tree that produces nuts that can be eaten 榛树
['heɪ.zəl] adjective
■(especially of eyes) greenish brown or yellowish brown in colour （尤指眼睛）绿褐色的，黄褐色的
n. 淡褐色；榛子
 - filbert, ecru
adj. 淡褐色的； [园艺] 榛树的
 - tannish

Word: hotchpotch
Front: hotchpotch
[ˈhɒtʃpɒtʃ] (-/34945)
Back: n. 杂烩; 全家福; 大杂烩
分布：杂烩(84%)，混杂(16%)
→来自古法语hochepot,热罐，来自hocher,摇，pot,罐子。原指把肉，草药，香料，酒和其它调料加在一起炖的炖锅菜，引申词义大杂烩，杂乱无章。
US ['hɑ:tʃ.pɑ:tʃ] noun countable (US usually hodgepodge)
■a confused mixture of different things 大杂烩
• New Age thinking seems to be a hotchpotch of old and new ideas. 新时代思想似乎就是新旧思想的大杂烩。
n. 杂烩
 - olio, cento

Word: horned
Front: horned
[hɔ:nd] (托 19240/26035)
Back: adj. 有角的，角状的
分布：有角的(62%)，角状的(38%)
US [hɔ:rnd] adjective
■describes an animal with horns 长角的
• horned cattle 长角的牛
adj. 有角的；角状的
 - angular, cornuted

Word: hippy
Front: hippy
[ˈhɪpi:] (-/10535)
Back: n. 嬉皮士
adj. 臀部肥大的
分布：嬉皮士(92%)，=hippie.(8%)
→来自hip,时髦的，时尚的。字面意思即时尚的人，用于指上世纪60年代拒绝西方主流生活方式的人的代称，常为留长发，衣着鲜艳，吸毒的堕落的年青人。
n. 嬉皮士
 - flower people

Word: hummer

Word: huguenot

Word: humankind
Front: humankind
[ˌhju:mənˈkaɪnd] (11737/21112)
Back: n. 人类
分布：名词(100%)
→human,人的，kind,类型，类别。
noun uncountable
■the whole of the human race, including both men and women 人；人类
n. 人类（总称）
 - mankind, people, human beings, the human race

Word: idolatry
Front: idolatry
[aɪˈdɒlətri] (22843/25365)
Vocabulary: idolatry
(once / 989 pages)
n
Idolatry means the worship of images as if they were gods. Many religions prohibit idolatry, some even to the extent of forbidding any representational objects in houses of worship.
Idol sits at the head of the word idolatry. If you worship––or even just look up to––a person or a thing, you are said to idolize them. For some modern idolaters, money is their idol, while for others it is celebrities and for still others their jobs.
WORD FAMILY
idolatry: idolatries, idolatrous+/idolater: idolaters, idolatry /idolatrous: idolatrously
USAGE EXAMPLES
But we were wrong not to discourage the idolatry on the left.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
They claim the artefacts promote idolatry that violates their fundamentalist interpretation of Islamic law.
Time(Nov 13, 2016)
We do not believe in idolatry or that you should have intercession, i.e., a saint or a priest will get you closer to God.
National Geographic(Oct 30, 2016)
Back: n. 偶像崇拜
分布：偶像崇拜(79%)，邪神崇拜(17%)，盲目的崇拜(4%)
→idol,偶像，-latry,崇拜，词源同zoolatry.
偶像崇拜(idol+arty表名词)[idol=image,表示"形象,偶像"]
n. 偶像崇拜；盲目崇拜；邪神崇拜
 - idol worship, iconolatry

Word: inbreeding
Front: inbreeding
[ˈɪnbri:dɪŋ] (22965/41297)
Back: n. 同系繁殖，近亲交配
v. 生育，生产( inbreed的现在分词 )
分布：近亲交配(73%)，同系繁殖(22%)，动词inbreed的现在分词形式.(5%)
US ['-ˌ--] noun uncountable
■when plants, animals or people are produced by breeding between closely related plants, animals, or people 近亲繁殖；同系交配
• the dangers/effects of inbreeding 近亲繁殖的危险／后果

Word: immobility
Front: immobility
[ˌɪmə'bɪlətɪ] (托 23903/20681)
Vocabulary: immobility
(once / 5093 pages)
n
Immobility is the state of not being able to move around. If you fall out of a tree and break your arms and legs, then you will have to put up with months of immobility while your bones heal.
Immobility could mean the condition of not being able to move, like that poor mouse stuck in a glue trap whose immobility will lead to its starvation. Immobility can also just mean the state of not moving. If you are entranced by a beautiful sunset, you might stand with quiet immobility while watching the sky.
WORD FAMILY
immobility: immobilities+/demobilise: demobilised, demobilising/demobilization: demobilizations/demobilize: demobilization, demobilized, demobilizes, demobilizing/ immobile: immobilely, immobilise, immobility, immobilize /immobilise: immobilisation, immobilised, immobilising/ immobilize: immobilization, immobilized, immobilizes, immobilizing/ mobile: immobile, mobiles, mobilise, mobility, mobilize /mobilisation: demobilisation, mobilisations/mobilise: demobilise, mobilisation, mobilised, mobilises, mobilising/mobilization: mobilizations/ mobilize: demobilize, mobilization, mobilized, mobilizes, mobilizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s not only his awakening that baffles medical science; he is also in fine physical shape despite a dozen years of immobility.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
But the growing affection for the device is also linked to its immobility.
The Guardian(Dec 04, 2016)
Kaine allowed himself to show some frustration with Pence’s immobility early on, on both Russia and Trump’s tax returns.
Slate(Oct 04, 2016)
Back: n. 固定性，静止
分布：不动(60%)，固定(25%)，不动性(15%)
n. 不动，固定
 - fixation, fixing

Word: immeasurably
Front: immeasurably
[ɪ'meʒərəblɪ] (22139/18619)
Back: adv. 不能测量地，无限制地
分布：无限地(60%)，无法计量地(40%)
adv. 无限地；广大无边地；不能测量地
 - infinitely, unlimitedly

Word: initiation
Front: initiation
[ɪˌnɪʃiˈeɪʃn] (8102/9818 -1)
Vocabulary: initiation
(once / 2265 pages)
1n 2n
The initiation of something is the beginning. It's what sets events in motion, gets the party underway, or kicks off a new program.
An initiation can also be an introduction into something, formally or informally. You might undergo an initiation ceremony when you join the Girl Scouts for the first time, or have a rude initiation into the world of traffic law when you get your first speeding ticket. But beware of the initiation rituals for college frats — you could find yourself swallowing a live goldfish or streaking across campus in your tighty-whiteys.
WORD FAMILY
initiation: initiations+/ initiate: initiated, initiates, initiating, initiation, initiative, initiator, initiatory, uninitiate/initiated: uninitiated/ initiative: initiatives/ initiator: initiators/uninitiate: uninitiates
USAGE EXAMPLES
The annual dress up day is a tradition for rookies in an initiation practice called "hazing".
BBC(Dec 13, 2016)
They’ve also heard rumors that Joseph was killed as part of a gang initiation.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
"We have big parties for the initiations where we dance and sing, and feel good."
BBC(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: n. 开始; 启蒙; 入会仪式
分布：开始(58%)，启蒙(23%)，入会(19%)
→来自initiate,开始，启动。
noun
START 开始
uncountable formal
■when something starts 开始；发起；实施
• Lawyers for the couple have announced the initiation of divorce proceedings. 夫妇双方的律师已声明进入离婚诉讼程式。
[ɪˌnɪʃ.i'eɪ.ʃən] noun
INTRODUCTION 入门
countable or uncountable
■when someone is first introduced to an activity or skill （某项活动或技能的）入门，初学
• My initiation into the mysteries of home brewing was not a success. 我初学自家酿酒并不成功。
commencement, origin, founding, initiation
commencement: 学位颁授典礼
origin: 起点，开端，来源，作复数时指血统，背景，出身
founding: 弃儿
initiation: 开始，发起，initiation of sth
n. 启蒙，传授；开始；入会
 - threshold, conception, beginning, opening, fresh

Word: indolent
Front: indolent
[ˈɪndələnt] (托宝 26808/32787)
Vocabulary: indolent
(once / 799 pages)
adj
Indolent is an adjective meaning slow or lazy. It can take an indolent teenager hours to get out of bed on a weekend morning. Often it's noon before he finally comes shuffling down to breakfast in his pajamas.
An indolent person is slow and lazy — not the type of person you'd want running your corporation or competing with you in a relay race. Doctors use the word indolent to describe medical conditions that are slow to progress. If you're diagnosed with an illness, you'd prefer an indolent one over one that spreads quickly.
WORD FAMILY
indolent: indolence, indolently+/ indolence: indolences
USAGE EXAMPLES
The idea that this might emerge from Putin’s Russia, Trump’s America, Brexit Britain or the indolent European Union may seem fanciful.
The Guardian(Dec 16, 2016)
Trump may not have meant what he said in the campaign and will settle down to a presidency of indolent corruption.
The Guardian(Nov 12, 2016)
That it has become something else altogether, something more soft- edged and indolent.
Khaled Hosseini, A Thousand Splendid Suns(2007)
Back: adj. 懒惰的，懒散的，不活跃的
分布：懒惰的(88%)，慢性的(12%)
→in-,不，非，-dol,伤心的，悲伤的，词源同condole,doleful.即没有悲伤的，后引申词义不用忍受痛苦的，不用尝试做事的，懒惰的。
【记】in不，dol悲痛，ent－不因为浪费时间而悲痛的－懒隋的in不，do作，lent借钱－整天不做事，光借钱－懒惰的
【参】condolence（n 哀悼；吊唁）
['ɪn.dəl.ənt] literary
adjective
■lazy; showing no real interest or effort 懒散的；懒惰的
• an indolent wave of the hand 懒懒的一挥手
• an indolent reply 懒洋洋的答覆
adj. 懒惰的； [医] 无痛的
 - lazy, idle

Word: jailbird
Front: jailbird
[ˈdʒeɪlbɜ:d] (36211/43180)
Vocabulary: jailbird
(once / 33770 pages)
n
A jailbird is someone who's been in prison or is still there. Your parents might refer to your disgraced car thief cousin a jailbird.
Jailbird is a casual and derogatory term for a convicted criminal, especially one who's been in and out of jail several times. Following a prison escape, a local newspaper's headline might read "Jailbird on the Loose!" Jailbird, coined in the 17th century, equates the image of a bird in a cage with a prisoner in jail.
WORD FAMILY
jailbird: jailbirds
USAGE EXAMPLES
Santa’s delight at meeting jailbird Warwick Davis, whom he naively mistakes for an elf, is brilliantly handled.
The Guardian(Dec 18, 2016)
The jailbird appeared well behaved and was taken into custody without incident, authorities said.
Washington Post(Nov 15, 2016)
The Statue of Liberty is posing for pictures, along with Laurie Sanger, in an orange jumpsuit, a blond wig and handcuffs: a jailbird Hillary Clinton.
New York Times(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: n. <非正>长期坐牢的囚犯
分布：囚犯(67%)，惯犯(33%)
→jail,监狱，bird,鸟。比喻用法，用于指长期坐牢的囚犯。
US [-bɝ:d] noun countable informal
■a person who has been in prison 坐过牢的人，囚犯
n. 囚犯；累犯；恶痞
 - prisoner, galley slave

Word: innocently
Front: innocently
['ɪnəsntlɪ] (15413/12117 -1)
Back: adv. 无罪地; 纯洁地; 天真地; 无知无识地
分布：无罪地(60%)，纯洁地(40%)
ADV-GRADED
故作天真地;佯装无知地
If you say that someone does or says something innocently, you mean that they are pretending not to know something about a situation.
例：I caught Chrissie's eye, but she only smiled back at me innocently...我与克丽茜对视了一眼,但她只是一脸天真地对我微笑。
例：'Any chance you'd be heading out that way again, soon?' I asked innocently.“你很快会再往那边去吗?”我故作不知地问道。
adv. 纯洁地；无罪地
 - spotlessly, immaculately

Word: introverted
Front: introverted
[ˈɪntrəvɜ:tɪd] (30891/34696)
Vocabulary: introverted
(once / 34560 pages)
adj
You are probably introverted if you prefer solitude over socializing, or like to reflect upon your own perceptual experiences rather than seek adventure.
Introverted comes from the modern Latin introvertere, from intro-, meaning “to the inside,” and vertere, meaning “to turn.” Someone who is introverted prefers to turn inward toward their own thoughts and experiences, rather than to reach outward for experiences with other people.
WORD FAMILY
introvert: introversion, introversive, introverted, introverting, introvertive, introverts+/introversion: introversions/introversive: introversively
USAGE EXAMPLES
That quiet, introverted Fuente was the young man Johnson met.
Washington Post(Dec 28, 2016)
He is aware of his own introverted tendencies, and some of his research involves the strengths of introverts at work.
New York Times(Mar 27, 2013)
"However, he started becoming focused on his prayers, more introverted and silent after he became a policeman."
Reuters(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 内向的，含蓄的，闭关自守的
分布：形容词(100%)
adj. 内向的
 - endocentric, indrawn

Word: interbreed
Front: interbreed
[ˌɪntəˈbri:d] (27620/33459)
Back: v. （使）异种交配，（使）混种，（使）杂种繁殖
时态：interbred, interbreeding, interbreeds
分布：使异种交配(34%)，使杂种繁殖(33%)，使混种(33%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，breed,繁殖，生育。引申词义杂交繁殖。
US [-tˌɚ-] (interbred, interbred)
verb intransitive or transitive
■to breed or cause to breed with members of another breed or group （使）杂交繁殖
• Some of the wolves had interbred with domestic dogs. 其中有些狼与驯养的狗杂交过。

Word: jukebox
Front: jukebox
[ˈdʒu:kbɒks] (14461/24755)
Vocabulary: jukebox
(once / 17537 pages)
n
A jukebox is a machine that plays a song when you insert money. They’re rare now, but according to Joan Jett, in some places you can still “put another dime in the jukebox, baby” if you love rock and roll.
In the 1930’s, a juke was a small restaurant where people could eat, drink, and dance. “Juking” meant getting rowdy. When a music vending machine came along, people called it a jukebox because they could crank up the music and get rowdy. It's a large, cabinet-type device that you put money in and choose a song. Back in the day, a 45” vinyl single would play, and then there were CDs, but now that everything’s digital, jukeboxes have become quaint.
WORD FAMILY
jukebox: jukeboxes
USAGE EXAMPLES
The leather jacket he’d worn and the jukebox from “Faith.”
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
They laugh and haltingly converse until closing time, when Kevin turns to the jukebox.
Slate(Dec 28, 2016)
An Internet jukebox regularly fills the bare-bones space with music, sometimes by musicians south of the border and sometimes by Madonna.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: n. 自动唱片点唱机
分布：自动电唱机(100%)
→来自美国南部黑人俚语juke,混乱的，不整洁的，用来指路边的小酒馆，小酒吧，box,盒子，音乐盒。类似于卡拉OK的简陋的点唱机，投币后可以唱歌。
US [-bɑ:ks] noun countable
■a machine in a bar etc. which plays recorded music when a coin is put into it （丢进硬币后播放唱片的）自动点唱机

Word: lei
Front: lei
['leɪɪ] (36045/-)
Back: n. （夏威夷人戴的）花环，花冠; 列伊（罗马尼亚的货币单位）( leu的名词复数 )
分布：名词(100%)
noun countable (plural leis)
■a circle of flowers, usually worn around the neck （常戴在脖子上的）花环
n. 花环，花冠
 - crown, anadem

Word: lavender
Front: lavender
[ˈlævəndə(r)] (8172/9229 -1)
Vocabulary: lavender
(once / 1536 pages)
nadj
You know that sweet-smelling plant with tiny purple-blue flowers your grandmother has growing in her garden? Well that’s lavender, a sweet-smelling evergreen with 93 different species.
If you’re brave and look in your grandmother’s drawer you’ll probably find dried sachets of lavender flowers to keep her clothes smelling nice, as lavender is one of the most common natural scents of all, including an oil made from its essence. The plant has also given its name to the color lavender. So, a plant, a scent and a color — not bad for one little shrub!
WORD FAMILY
lavender: lavenders
USAGE EXAMPLES
The quality of the beer also varied widely: For every delicate lavender saison, there was a wheat beer that just didn’t taste right.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
Despite the eighty-six-degree heat, he wore a gray suit, a lavender dress shirt, a purple tie, and a City Council lapel pin.
The New Yorker(Dec 04, 2016)
The wide lapels of her blue, A-line dress smelled of lavender.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Back: n. 熏衣草; 淡紫色
adj. 淡紫色的
vt. 用熏衣草熏
分布：熏衣草(49%)，淡紫色(46%)，用薰衣草薰香(5%)
→可能来自拉丁语lividus,蓝色，青紫色，词源同livid.或来自leu,冲洗，涌出，词源同lavatory,dilute,antediluvian.因这种花草用于洗手间的清香剂而得名。
US [-dɚ] noun uncountable
PLANT 植物
■a plant which has grey-green leaves like needles and small, pale purple flowers with a strong smell, or its dried flowers and stems which have a pleasant smell 薰衣草
• a lavender bush 薰衣草丛
UK ['læv.ɪn.dər] US [-dɚ] noun uncountable
COLOUR 颜色
■a pale purple colour 淡紫色（的）
UK ['læv.ɪn.dər] US [-dɚ] adjective
■of a pale purple colour 淡紫色（的）
n. 薰衣草；淡紫色
 - lavande, lila
adj. 淡紫色的
 - violescent, orchid

Word: lawnmower
Front: lawnmower
[ˈlɔ:nməʊə(r)] (23292/22803)
Back: n. 剪草机
分布：割草机(100%)
US ['lɑ:nˌmoʊ.ɚ] noun countable
■a machine used for cutting grass 割草机

Word: kimchi
Front: kimchi
[kɪmtʃi:] (37738/-)
Back: n. 朝鲜泡菜
分布：=kimchee.(100%)

Word: killjoy
Front: killjoy
[ˈkɪldʒɔɪ] (宝 39977/35863)
Vocabulary: killjoy
(once / 90224 pages)
n
A killjoy is a person who spoils all the fun for everybody. You may be a killjoy if everyone’s enjoying their meal at a restaurant and you complain constantly about the terrible service.
The first instance of the word killjoy was recorded in 1776, and its meaning kind of makes sense: a killjoy kills everyone else's joy. There are some other great old-style slang phrases to describe the person who pops your balloon or rains on your parade. The most popular among them are "party pooper," "wet blanket," and "stick in the mud."
WORD FAMILY
killjoy: killjoys
USAGE EXAMPLES
He dresses his characters in clothes that say things like “P.C. KILLJOYS,” “SCHEMING TROLLOPS,” and “INNOCENT RED-BLOODED MEN.”
The New Yorker(Oct 16, 2016)
Meanwhile women seem overreactive killjoys if they stand up to it.
Salon(Oct 14, 2016)
I hate to be a killjoy, but at this point it’s still unclear to me what is Virginian about this barbecue.
Washington Post(Aug 28, 2016)
Back: n. 扫兴的人，煞风景
分布：煞风景(50%)，扫兴的人(50%)
→kill,杀，joy,玩乐。比喻用法。比较spoilsport,wet blanket.
disapproving
noun countable
■a person who does not like other people enjoying themselves 令人扫兴的人；大煞风景的人
n. 令人扫兴的人；煞风景
 - grinch, dampener

Word: lumberjack
Front: lumberjack
[ˈlʌmbədʒæk] (宝 25565/36694)
Vocabulary: lumberjack
(once / 21297 pages)
1n 2n
A lumberjack is someone who cuts down trees professionally. Picture someone holding a chain saw and wearing a plaid flannel shirt and steel-toe boots, and you can picture a lumberjack.
These days, lumberjack sounds pretty old-fashioned — the same job is done today, but people who do it are typically called "loggers," and they use power tools like chain saws. Lumberjacks, particularly in the 19th and early 20th century, used hand saws and axes and were famous for being ruggedly independent and physically daring. Lumberjack was coined by Canadians.
WORD FAMILY
lumberjack: lumberjacks
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Golden Eagles led 30-22 at halftime before the Lumberjacks outscored them 24-16 in the first nine minutes of the second half.
Washington Times(Dec 23, 2016)
The Lumberjacks’ home winning streak was the third longest in the nation.
Washington Times(Dec 07, 2016)
Cattle ranchers and lumberjacks, college students and nurses, landscapers, investment bankers and a waitress from a Florida restaurant called Smokey Bones.
Washington Post(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 伐木工人，木材商的佣工，短茄克衫
分布：伐木工(88%)，吊木材机器(6%)，=lumberman.(6%)
→lumber,木头，jack,人名，代称。
US [-bɚ-] (also lumberman)
noun countable
■(especially in the USA and Canada) a person whose job is to cut down trees which will be used for building etc. or to transport trees which have been cut down （尤指美国和加拿大的）伐木工人，木材采运工
n. 伐木工人；木材商的佣工；短茄克衫
 - rosser

Word: lunge
Front: lunge
[lʌndʒ] (9514/16492 -1)
Vocabulary: lunge
(once / 2425 pages)
nv
To lunge is to move forward suddenly, often in a thursting manner. A parent might lunge to grab a runaway child.
Lunging is not usually a graceful movement. A lunge is quick and desperate. If it suddenly rains, people will lunge to get under an awning. In football, when the ball is hiked, the linemen lunge at each other. Lunging always involves moving forward.
WORD FAMILY
lunge: lunged, lunger, lunges, lunging+/lunger: lungers
USAGE EXAMPLES
He was hit hard at 1, spun and lunged toward the goal line.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Ameer Riley, the defensive coördinator, watched a defensive back lunge ineffectually at the M.V.P.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
According to Barbera, the man jumped up and lunged at the deputies attempting to arrest him.
Seattle Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Back: n. 突然刺（入）; 套马索
v. 刺; 戳; 突然向前冲[扑等]
时态：lunged, lungeing, lunges
分布：刺(52%)，刺进(13%)，跃进(13%)，踢(10%)，刺出(6%)，猛向前冲(6%)
→原为击剑术语，来自古法语allonger,刺，向前伸，来自al-,向，long,长的，伸长。引申词义猛冲，猛扑。
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to move forward suddenly and with force, especially in order to attack someone （尤指攻击某人时）冲，扑
• He suddenly lunged at her with a broken bottle. 他突然拿着破瓶子向她扑去。
n. 刺；跃进；刺进；套马索
 - thorn, thrust
vt. 刺；戳；使前冲
 - stick, pink
vi. 刺；突进
 - run through, poke

Word: lymphoma
Front: lymphoma
[lɪmˈfəʊmə] (16343/13551)
Back: n. 淋巴瘤
分布：淋巴瘤(100%)

Word: minicab
Front: minicab
[ˈmɪnikæb] (-/37264)
Back: n. 微型出租汽车
分布：微型出租汽车(100%)
noun countable UK
■a taxi which can only be called by telephone and which does not stop to collect passengers in the street （须电话预订并且不能自行揽客的）小型计程车

Word: miniaturise

Word: microbiology
Front: microbiology
[ˌmaɪkrəʊbaɪˈɒlədʒi] (雅 20658/25501)
Back: n. 微生物学
分布：微生物学(100%)
→来自microbe,微生物，-logy,学说。
微生物学(micro+bilolgy生物学)[micro-表示"微,小"]
US [-kroʊ.baɪ'ɑ:.lə-] noun uncountable
■the study of very small living things, such as bacteria 微生物学

Word: midget
Front: midget
[ˈmɪdʒɪt] (宝 17846/23081)
Vocabulary: midget
(once / 5589 pages)
nadj
Midget is an offensive term for someone who is much smaller than average. While it's acceptable today to describe an inanimate object with the adjective midget, it's never okay to use the word for a person.
Long ago, people felt free to describe little people as midgets — for example, the actors who played the Munchkins in the 1939 movie "The Wizard of Oz" were routinely described as midgets. Today we'd avoid describing these actors by their physical characteristics, but if we did they'd be called "little people," "dwarfs," "LP," or even "people of short stature." Save midget for midget crabapples or midget submarines.
WORD FAMILY
midget: midgets
USAGE EXAMPLES
Growing up in Minneapolis, Johnson coached Midgets when he was 13 and local high school teams when he was in college.
New York Times(Dec 24, 2016)
He recalled watching the Great Lakes Invitational college tournament there with his father and skating there while playing midget hockey.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Local news organizations report that Sunday’s fire destroyed equipment used by the Seth Midget Football League.
Washington Times(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 侏儒，小矮人
adj. 极小的，微型的
分布：侏儒(56%)，极小的(22%)，极小者(22%)
→来自midge,小虫，蠓，-et,小词后缀。比喻用法。
【记】mid中间，get得到－得到中间状态－没长高－侏儒et结尾的单词表示小：参gadget（n 小工具）
noun countable offensive
■a very small person 矮子，侏儒
['mɪdʒ.ɪt] adjective [before noun]
■describes an object that is much smaller than usual 极小的；小型的
• a midget submarine/car 小型潜艇／汽车
■US
■Midget sports are organized competitions for children 为儿童组织的（体育竞赛）
• Tyler wasn't interested in signing up for midget football. 泰勒对报名参加儿童足球比赛不感兴趣。
n. [内科] 侏儒；极小者
 - mannikin, manikin
adj. 小型的
 - pocket, miniative, baby-size

Word: modish
Front: modish
[ˈməʊdɪʃ] (宝 35861/35424)
Vocabulary: modish
(once / 10155 pages)
adj
Something modish is fashionable and stylish. It's a-la-mode, or right on top of the latest look. In the 1970s, it was considered modish to wear bell bottoms.
The word modish is a combination of the French mode meaning "fashion" and the suffix -ish meaning "very common." When something is modish, it's all the rage. A swanky restaurant where it's hard to get a table or a boutique selling the newest designer labels are considered modish, or in vogue. Open up the pages of Vogue and you'll be accosted with the latest modish looks.
WORD FAMILY
modish: modishest, modishly, modishness+/ mod: moder, modish, mods
USAGE EXAMPLES
Blue plastic chairs, of the kind you might expect to see in a modish European rehearsal room, are arranged on a mostly barren set.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Portland, Oregon is famous for its modish devotion to organic foods and craft beers.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 16, 2016)
In part it is an issue of tactics: the hard, high press of which Klopp is such a devotee is modish.
The Guardian(Oct 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 流行的，时髦的
分布：时髦的(56%)，流行的(44%)
→来自modern,现代的，-ish,形容词后缀。引申词义时髦的。
时髦的(mode时髦)[-ish 1.表形容词"像…一样,有的..."通常放在一具体名词后2.表动词"造成…"3.表示"国家的或语言"]
【记】源于：mode（n 方式；时尚）
【参】modulate（v 调整音量）mod方式－改变方式－调整。
【反】lacking style and fashionableness（缺乏风格和时尚的）
US ['moʊ-] adjective slightly formal
■fashionable 流行的，时髦的
adj. 流行的；时髦的
 - popular, fashionable, going, modern, ruling

Word: midpoint
Front: midpoint
['mɪdpɔɪnt] (16132/42041)
Back: n. 中点，正中央
分布：中点(90%)，正中央(10%)
noun countable usually singular
DISTANCE 距离
■a point half the distance along something such as a line （线等的）中点
• The driveway is 20m long, so the midpoint must be at 10m. 这条车道有20米长，所以中点一定在10米处。
['mɪd.pɔɪnt] noun countable usually singular
TIME 时间
■a point in the middle of a period of time （时间的）一半，中间时刻
• the midpoint of the football season 足球赛季过半的时候
n. 中点；正中央
 - mid-position

Word: mumps
Front: mumps
[mʌmps] (30056/37687)
Vocabulary: mumps
(once / 8129 pages)
n
Mumps is a highly contagious, fast-spreading disease. When someone gets mumps, they have a fever and swollen neck glands.
Mumps is one of many viral illnesses that can be prevented with immunizations. Before the vaccine was developed, mumps was a common childhood illness. It's spread through coughs and sneezes, and while it's often mild, there are complications that can be serious, like brain infections and deafness. The name mumps comes from the now-obsolete mump, "a grimace," from a previous meaning, "to whine like a beggar." In the seventeenth century, mumps also meant "a fit of melancholy."
WORD FAMILY
mumps
USAGE EXAMPLES
Treating anti-Semitism as a problem of free speech is like treating an outbreak of mumps as a problem of cosmetics.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
Officials say 64 percent of people in all the cases reported being vaccinated against the mumps.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Officials say mumps is usually not common in the United States because vaccination rates are generally good.
Washington Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 腮腺炎
分布：腮腺炎(100%)
→来自mump,含混的说话声，-s,复数后缀。用于指腮腺炎。
noun uncountable
■an infectious disease that causes painful swelling in the neck and slight fever 流行性腮腺炎
n. [内科] 流行性腮腺炎；愠怒；生气
 - vitality, animation, pet

Word: navigational
Front: navigational
[ˌnævɪ'ɡeɪʃənl] (18102/20984)
Back: adj. 航行的，航海的
分布：导航的(58%)，航行的(42%)
ADJ
航行的;飞行的
Navigational means relating to the act of navigating a ship or an aircraft.
例：The crash was a direct result of inadequate navigational aids.坠机是导航不力的直接后果。
adj. [水运] 航行的，航运的
 - sailing

Word: mousetrap
Front: mousetrap
[ˈmaʊstræp] (24713/34044)
Vocabulary: mousetrap
(once / 25310 pages)
1n 2n
A mousetrap is a device for catching or killing mice. If mice have overtaken your home, running around your living room at night and making nests in your silverware drawer, it might be time to get some mousetraps.
The most basic type of mousetrap has a metal bar that springs loose when a mouse steps on it and snaps hard enough to kill it. Other mousetraps trap a curious mouse so that you can release it (preferably far away from your house). Mice are tempted into any kind of mousetrap by edible bait like cheese or peanut butter. The word mousetrap was used figuratively in Shakespeare's "Hamlet" to mean a "trick intended to ensnare someone."
WORD FAMILY
mousetrap: mousetraps
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mousetrap agreed to repay the money and a $15,000 penalty.
Washington Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Spraying insecticide and putting out mousetraps are ultimately pointless and cause unnecessary suffering and death for small creatures who mean us no harm.
Washington Post(Nov 10, 2016)
Similar in concept to a mousetrap, enclosed foothold traps have a round bar that, when triggered, exerts pressure against the animal’s foot.
Washington Times(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: n. 捕鼠器
分布：捕鼠器(65%)，诱捕(13%)，诱饵(10%)，臭干酪(8%)，落入捕鼠器(4%)
noun countable
■a small device that is used in houses and other buildings for catching and killing mice 捕鼠器，捕鼠夹
n. [医] 捕鼠器；诡计
 - scheme, fraud
vt. 诱捕
 - trap, ensnare

Word: pancreatic
Front: pancreatic
[ˌpæŋkrɪ'ætɪk] (17940/9426)
Back: adj. 胰腺的
分布：胰脏的(100%)
ADJ
胰（腺）的
Pancreatic means relating to or involving the pancreas.
例：...pancreatic juices.胰液

Word: padlock
Front: padlock
[ˈpædlɒk] (21685/20064)
Vocabulary: padlock
(once / 4264 pages)
nv
A lightweight lock that attaches using a pivoting hook is called a padlock. Many high school students use lockers that can be locked with padlocks to keep their smelly gym clothes safe.
A padlock's hook or shackle is hinged so that it can fasten through an opening, clicking shut securely. Most padlocks require a key to open them, while others use a combination, a series of wheels that you turn and align to show a certain password before the padlock will open. You can use padlock as a verb, too: "Be sure to padlock the back gate when you leave!"
WORD FAMILY
padlock: padlocked, padlocking, padlocks
USAGE EXAMPLES
He unlocked the three heavy padlocks outside and pushed up the gate.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
The door to the room where she sat the day before is padlocked.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
In pilot parlance, Gilbert had “padlocked” onto his targets, so intent on completing his mission he ignored danger to himself.
Time(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 挂锁，扣锁
vt. （用挂锁）锁上
时态：padlocked, padlocking, padlocks
分布：挂锁(82%)，用挂锁锁上(18%)
→lock,锁，pad,词义不详，可能是来自pannier（篮子，筐）方言词。
US [-lɑ:k] noun countable
■a small metal lock with a U-shaped bar 挂锁，扣锁
UK ['pæd.lɒk] US [-lɑ:k] verb transitive
■to fasten something using a padlock 用挂锁把…锁上
• The box was securely padlocked and no one had the key. 箱子用挂锁牢牢地锁上了，没人有锁匙。
n. [五金] 挂锁；关闭；禁止进入
 - closure, shutting down
vt. 用挂锁锁上；关闭
 - close down, close up

Word: overextend
Front: overextend
[ˌəʊvərɪk'stend] (23623/-)
Back: vt. 过分张开，过分扩展，使（自己或别人）承担过多的工作
时态：overextended, overextending, overextends
分布：过分展开(34%)，过分延伸(33%)，使 ... 承担过多的义务(33%)

Word: panhandle
Front: panhandle
['pænˌhændl] (22308/-)
Vocabulary: panhandle
(once / 7933 pages)
1v 2n 3n
To panhandle is to beg for money outside, on a public street. Someone who needs money to buy a bus ticket home might panhandle.
When people panhandle, they ask passers-by for cash. A man who's lost his job might panhandle so he can get something to eat. and a college student might panhandle on a busy street for money to buy a ticket to a concert. Panhandle is also a noun meaning a long, thin geographical area that's shaped like the handle of a frying pan. Both meanings date from the mid-19th century.
WORD FAMILY
panhandle: panhandled, panhandler, panhandles, panhandling+/panhandler: panhandlers
USAGE EXAMPLES
The woman was first arrested for panhandling in June.
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
There will be two meetings in the Panhandle this month, and discussions about deer, elk and pronghorn are on the agendas.
Washington Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Only five counties in Florida got younger - and they were all located in the Panhandle.
Washington Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 锅柄，狭长的土地
v. 行乞，讨钱
时态：panhandled, panhandling, panhandles
分布：狭长地带(68%)，讨钱(16%)，行乞(16%)
noun countable US
■a long thin piece of land joined to a larger area （与较大区域相连的）狭长区域
• the Texas panhandle 德州的狭长地带
['pænˌhæn.dl] verb intransitive or transitive US informal
■to ask people that you do not know for money, especially in a public place （尤指在公共场合）乞讨
• He was arrested for panhandling. 他因行乞而被捕。
vi. 行乞
 - go begging

Word: obsolescence
Front: obsolescence
[ˌɒbsəˈlesns] (21095/23187)
Vocabulary: obsolescence
(once / 26924 pages)
n
Fashion trends come and go, and often return after a time. But gimmicky fads quickly fall into obsolescence, losing appeal and falling out of sight — do you know anyone who still has a pet rock?
The word obsolescence is the noun form of the more common obsolete, meaning "something no longer used." Both words stem from the Latin obsolēscere, which means, logically enough, "to fall into disuse." Your phone or your car may be designed for obsolescence, meaning they are meant to stop working or go out of style so you'll buy a newer model. More amusingly, TV personality Art Linkletter once commented, "The four stages of man are infancy, childhood, adolescence, and obsolescence.”
WORD FAMILY
obsolescence: obsolescences+/obsolesce: obsolescent, obsolescing/ obsolescent: obsolescence, obsolescently
USAGE EXAMPLES
These new things, in a race against mankind’s penchant for the ever new, against the threat of obsolescence, were also “sculpture” if understood correctly.
Washington Post(Nov 28, 2016)
As Salk told architecture writer Esther McCoy in 1967: “The building does guess tomorrow. The obsolescence is reduced by the investment in flexibility.”
Los Angeles Times(Nov 22, 2016)
To many Russian observers, Trump’s overtures stand out from those of previous U.S. presidents, especially his remarks on the obsolescence of NATO.
Time(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 废弃; 陈旧过时; <生>（器官的）废退
分布：过时(93%)，作废(7%)
→来自obsolescent,过时的，陈旧的。
US [ˌɑ:b-] noun uncountable
■the quality of being obsolete 荒废；退化
• Mobile phone technology is developing so quickly that many customers are concerned about obsolescence. 手机技术发展得如此迅速，以至于许多顾客担心淘汰的问题。
built-in/planned obsolescence
■when a product is intentionally designed and made so that it will not last for a long time （产品）内在的／有计划的淘汰（故意将产品设计得不耐用）
n. [生物] 退化；荒废
 - regression, degradation, deterioration, degeneration

Word: paring
Front: paring
['peərɪŋ] (27197/48355)
Back: n. 削下的皮
v. 削皮( pare的现在分词 ); 削掉; 修剪（指甲等）; 逐步减小（数量或体积）
分布：削皮(49%)，刨花(29%)，动词pare的现在分词形式.(11%)，削下的皮(11%)
US ['per.ɪŋ] noun countable usually plural
■a thin piece that has been cut away from something 削下的薄片，削下的皮
• We feed most of our vegetable parings to the guinea pigs. 我们削下的蔬菜皮大部分用来喂天竺鼠。

Word: pathos
Front: pathos
[ˈpeɪθɒs] (雅宝 17870/19075 -1)
Vocabulary: pathos
(once / 296 pages)
n
Pathos is a quality that stirs emotions. A song with a lot of pathos hits you right in the heart.
You ever notice how some songs or movies appeal to your brains, while others appeal to your feelings? The ones that are all about feeling are full of pathos, an appeal to emotions that originally meant "suffering" in Greek. Often, this word has to do specifically with pity and sympathy: when someone tells a story about people suffering that makes you feel for them, that's pathos.
WORD FAMILY
pathos: pathetic +/ pathetic: pathetically
USAGE EXAMPLES
Wearing a wig and gag false teeth, he crashes Ines' social obligations, creating numerous script opportunities for pathos, slapstick and surrealism.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Meanwhile Lawrence’s Aurora, through no fault of her own, is so banal that the movie’s pathos frosts over as soon as she begins talking.
Slate(Dec 20, 2016)
Instead it uses vulgar humor and pathos to interrogate the desires of black women with honesty.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 悲怆，哀婉，凄楚，伤感; 痛苦; 同情
分布：感伤(48%)，悲怅(29%)，悲情(23%)
→来自希腊语pathos,忍受，疾病，来自pei,伤害，词源同pathetic,patient.引申词义痛苦，同情，感染力等。
悲哀(path痛苦+os表名词)[path=feeling,suffering,illness,表示"感情,痛苦,病"]
US [-θɑ:s] literary
noun uncountable
■the power of a situation, piece of writing, work of art or person to cause feelings of sadness, especially because of sympathy （境况、文章、艺术品或人的）感染力
• There's a pathos in his performance which he never lets slide into sentimentality. 他的表演有一种感染力，而他从不让这种感染力变成过分的感伤。
n. 悲怅；痛苦；同情；哀婉动人的词句
 - smart, feeling, hurt, compassion, sympathy

Word: permeable
Front: permeable
[ˈpɜ:miəbl] (托宝 22049/23385)
Vocabulary: permeable
(once / 13873 pages)
adj
Something that is permeable can be passed through, especially by liquids or gases. "I wish I hadn't worn my permeable sweater to the picnic when the weatherman called for thunderstorms. The rain seeped right through the fabric, soaking me to the skin."
A permeable surface allows materials like liquids to pass through — either in or out. Inside the body, the walls of cells are permeable membranes that allow fluids and nutrients to get in and nourish the cells. A permeable shirt is good to wear in the summer, because it helps release the sweat sticking to the skin.
WORD FAMILY
permeable: impermeable, permeability, permeableness, semipermeable+/ impermeable: impermeability, impermeableness, impermeably/ permeability: permeabilities/ permeate: permeable, permeated, permeates, permeating, permeation, permeative/permeating: permeatingly/permeation: permeations
USAGE EXAMPLES
That means more rain gardens, stormwater vaults and permeable pavement for all new development in the county.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
In relapsing disease, this boundary becomes permeable, allowing immune cells — and the drugs that target them — to pass from the bloodstream into the brain.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
Wastewater is injected under pressure into disposal wells drilled into a sandstone or other permeable formation, and flows into the rock.
Seattle Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 可渗透的，具渗透性的
分布：可渗透的(87%)，可穿透的(13%)
→来自permeate,渗透。
【记】per读：泼，me，able－能泼我的－可渗透的
【参】permeate（v 弥漫；渗透）
【反】waterproof（adj 防水的）；diaphanous（adj 透明的）－impermeable of light（不透光的）impermeable（adj 不能渗透的）－easily penetrated（容易渗透的）
US ['pɝ:-] formal
adjective
■If a substance is permeable, it allows liquids or gases to go through it 可渗透的；可渗入的
• Certain types of sandstone are permeable to water. 某些类型的砂岩可透水。
• The solvent passes through the permeable membrane to the solution. 溶剂透过渗透膜与溶液混合。
• Soft and gas- permeable contact lenses are kinder to the eyes than hard lenses. 柔软透气的隐形眼镜比硬镜片的对眼睛更好。
Opposite impermeable

Word: pee
Front: pee
[pi:] (11106/21093 -1)
Vocabulary: pee
(once / 13906 pages)
vn
Pee is an informal but common word that means "to urinate." Of all the slang words for bodily functions, this is one of the least offensive.
Though it's not very naughty to talk about peeing or taking a pee, this term is a little childish. However, saying "I have to take a peepee!" or "My dog is going number one" are even more childish. No one will blink when you say you have to pee, but they're probably not thrilled to get this information either. Unless something in particular about peeing needs to be discussed, it's best to just say, "I have to go to the bathroom."
WORD FAMILY
pee: peed, peeing, pees, peing
Back: vi. 小便，撒尿
n. 小便，尿
时态：peed, peeing, pees
分布：小便(100%)
→来自piss委婉语或儿语。
verb intransitive or transitive informal for
■ urinate
[pi:] noun informal
uncountable
■urine 尿
only singular
■when you urinate 小便
• I must go for/must have a pee. 我必须去小便。
n. 尿；撒尿
 - urine, emiction
vi. 撒尿
 - urinate, piddle
vt. 小便
 - pass water, make water

Word: paulin

Word: psycho
Front: psycho
[ˈsaɪkəʊ] (16035/25615 -1)
Vocabulary: psycho
(once / 14450 pages)
n
Psycho is a slang term for someone who is mentally unstable or afflicted with a psychosis. Your best friend risks looking like a psycho if she keeps stalking her ex-boyfriend months after their breakup.
Psycho comes from the Greek word psykho, which means mental. Although the word has long been used as a prefix in words like psychologist, the pejorative term for a psychopath has only existed since the twentieth century. The word gained further notoriety after the 1960 release of Alfred Hitchcock's thriller, "Psycho." If you're always describing your boss as a psycho, you might want to think about looking for a new job.
WORD FAMILY
psycho: psychos
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her glamorous mother starred in Orson Welles’s Touch of Evil, but is forever the doomed woman in the shower in Psycho.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
His Royal Highness, the man who rules the nation of Sicilia, is a psycho.
New York Times(Dec 07, 2016)
Only the vocals remained in a version of Talking Heads’ “Psycho Killer,” although the Clash’s “Straight to Hell” was pruned less radically.
Washington Post(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: n. 精神病患者; 精神分析
adj. 神智不正常的; 发疯的
分布：精神病患者(53%)，心灵的(19%)，表示“精神的(19%)，心理的”(9%)
→缩写自psychopathic.
US [-koʊ] (plural psychos) informal
noun countable
■someone who is crazy and frightening 精神失常者，精神病人，变态人格者
• The man's a psycho. 那个男子是个精神病人。
n. 心理分析，精神分析；精神病患者
 - mental, madman
adj. 精神病的；精神病学的
 - insane, phrenetic

Word: pomposity
Front: pomposity
[pɒm'pɒsətɪ] (宝 31396/23383)
Vocabulary: pomposity
(once / 12709 pages)
n
The noun pomposity means super-sized self-confidence. A person who thinks he or she is better than every else suffers from pomposity — and everyone in that person's life suffers, too.
Pomposity, pronounced "pahm-POSS-ih-tee," isn't just for arrogant people. Things can have this unpleasant quality, too. For example, the pomposity of an award ceremony that presents the winners and judges as the most important people who ever lived will leave viewers cold. Language can also be a victim of pomposity — when someone says, "We dined at our beloved little bistro," another person would say, "We ate at our favorite neighborhood joint."
WORD FAMILY
pomposity: pomposities+/ pomp: pompous, pomps/ pompous: pomposity, pompously, pompousness, unpompous
USAGE EXAMPLES
They were ridiculed as the embodiment of pomposity and self-indulgence that rock supposedly eschewed.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
But what it proudly lacks in pomposity, Hillbilly makes up for in character.
Golf Digest(Nov 29, 2016)
I think, on the basis of the putative headlines pomposity alone, we should be gland it never saw the light of day.
New York Times(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. 浮华; 虚夸; 炫耀; 自负
分布：炫耀(37%)，自大(36%)，傲慢(27%)
自大,傲慢(pomp壮观,浮华)[-osity表名词,ose+ity组成,表示"多…的状态"]
n. 自大；炫耀；浮夸
 - display, arrogance

Word: progenitor
Front: progenitor
[prəʊˈdʒenɪtə(r)] (托宝 19980/22221)
Vocabulary: progenitor
(once / 2939 pages)
n
While any ancestor can be a progenitor, or previous member of a family line, the word is usually applied to someone who was an originator of or major contributor to the characteristics of that line.
The word progenitor can be traced to the Latin prōgignere, which means "to beget," and so is linked to the beginning of a genealogical line. The clue comes in the "gen" part, meaning "birth, procreation," and signifying the genetic contribution of an ancestor to a family line. Prō- means "forward," and the -tor suffix indicates someone doing an action — so a progenitor is someone who gives rise to a family line.
WORD FAMILY
progenitor: progenitors
USAGE EXAMPLES
A deep “progenitor” zone creates new cells, called neurons, which are guided by molecular signals to various specialized regions.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 15, 2016)
In some cases, scientists suspect, the virus crosses the placenta, infects the developing brain, and kills nerve progenitors.
The New Yorker(Aug 15, 2016)
The prolific British writer Peter Ackroyd is becoming a one-man progenitor of his own brief lives.
Washington Post(Oct 19, 2016)
Back: n. 祖先; 先驱; 前辈; 原本
分布：祖先(60%)，先驱(40%)
→来自pro-,向前，朝向，-gen,生育，词源同gene,generate.-or,表施动。引申词义祖先。
祖先(pro前面+gen产生)[-itor表名词"人"]
【记】pro前，gen产生，itor人－前面产生的人－祖先
【区】progenitor（n 祖先；起源）
US [proʊ'dʒen.ɪ.tˌɚ] formal
noun countable
■a person who first thinks of something and causes it to happen 先驱，前辈
• Marx was the progenitor of communism. 马克思是共产主义的创始人。
n. 祖先；原著；起源
 - birth, father, root

Word: questioner
Front: questioner
[ˈkwestʃənə(r)] (17753/18982)
Vocabulary: questioner
(once / 2868 pages)
n
A questioner is someone who asks questions, especially in an official or formal capacity. When a detective interviews a suspect, she acts as a questioner.
A questioner is also an interviewer, so if you're producing a radio piece, asking people on the street various questions, you are a questioner. An FBI agent trying to get to the bottom of a case is also a questioner, and so is someone who asks a question at a public event, like a lecture. You are also a questioner if you are having doubts about something, especially religious tenets — you're questioning them.
WORD FAMILY
questioner: questioners+/ question: questionable, questioned, questioner, questioning, questions/ questionable: questionablest, questionably, unquestionable/questioned: unquestioned/ questioning: questioningly, questionings, unquestioning/unquestionable: unquestionability, unquestionableness, unquestionably/unquestionably: unquestionablys/unquestioning: unquestioningly
USAGE EXAMPLES
When asked during a debate whether he should distance himself from Austria’s nationalistic fraternities long linked to racists, Hofer, for instance, attacked the questioner.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
I suspect that the questioner has already just made the first of 67 installments, the average auto loan term, according to Edmunds.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
He told questioners that his goal was to infiltrate the BfV to warn his “brothers in faith” of operations against them.
Seattle Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 发问者，质问者
分布：发问者(65%)，质问者(35%)
→来自question,问题。即提问题的人。
US [-nɚ] noun countable
■a person who asks a question 提问者，发问人
n. 发问者；质问者
 - interrogator, asker

Word: polystyrene
Front: polystyrene
[ˌpɒliˈstaɪri:n] (25571/15376)
Back: n. 聚苯乙烯
分布：聚苯乙烯(100%)
→poly-,多，复，聚，styrene,苯乙烯。
US [ˌpɑ:.lɪ'staɪ-] (US usually trademark Styrofoam)
noun uncountable
■a light usually white plastic used especially for putting around delicate objects inside containers to protect them from damage, or for putting around something to prevent it from losing heat 聚苯乙烯（泡沫塑料）；保丽龙
• polystyrene cups/plates 保丽龙杯／盘
• The ceiling was covered with polystyrene insulation tiles. 天花板上覆着保丽龙隔热瓦。

Word: rehouse
Front: rehouse
[ˌri:ˈhaʊz] (-/19516)
Back: v. 给（某人）提供新住房
时态：rehoused, rehousing, rehouses
分布：供以新住宅(60%)，移往新居(40%)
verb transitive
■to move someone to a new and usually better place to live 为…提供新住房
• The local residents demanded to be rehoused. 当地居民要求给他们提供新住房。

Word: reawaken
Front: reawaken
[ˌri:əˈweɪkən] (23950/32637)
Vocabulary: reawaken
(once / 8571 pages)
v
To reawaken is to revive or to wake up again. A block party may be just the thing to reawaken your neighborhood's community spirit.
You'll almost always find reawaken used to talk about a state, emotion, or feeling, rather than a literal waking up from sleep. It's true, if you hit your alarm's snooze button, it will reawaken you in ten or fifteen minutes. But more often, you'll see your brother's interest in sports reawaken or your dad's sympathy for a cranky friend reawaken.
WORD FAMILY
reawaken: reawakened, reawakening, reawakens+/ awake: awaked, awaken, awakes, awaking, awoke, awoken/ awaken: awakened, awakening, awakens, reawaken /awakened: unawakened/ awakening: awakenings
USAGE EXAMPLES
For investors, however, the repeated tests erode confidence and reawaken existential questions.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 06, 2016)
Indian leaders have talked about the pipeline protests at the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation in North Dakota as a reawakening for tribes.
Washington Post(Nov 21, 2016)
Newberry last erupted about 1,300 years ago, and geologically recent lava flows indicate that it could reawaken at any time.
Seattle Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: vt. &vi. 再度觉醒
时态：reawakened, reawakening, reawakens
分布：使想起(35%)，使回忆(33%)，动词rewake的过去分词形式.(16%)，再度唤醒(16%)
vt. 使想起，使回忆；再次唤醒
 - remind, call up

Word: relativism
Front: relativism
[ˈrelətɪvɪzəm] (14243/27236)
Vocabulary: relativism
(once / 64236 pages)
n
Relativism is the belief that there's no absolute truth, only the truths that a particular individual or culture happen to believe. If you believe in relativism, then you think different people can have different views about what's moral and immoral.
Understandably, relativism makes a lot of people uncomfortable. Is it morally okay for some cultures to have slaves, for example? Cultural relativists might argue yes. Einstein, in particular, caused a lot of problems with his Theory of Relativity that stated that even time and space were relative concepts depending on where an observer happened to be. Of course, you might argue that relativism itself is a belief only a certain individual or culture happens to believe in. Tough stuff, philosophy.
WORD FAMILY
relative: relatively, relatives, relativise, relativism, relativity, relativize+/interrelate: interrelated, interrelating, interrelation/ interrelated: interrelatedness/interrelation: interrelations, interrelationship/interrelationship: interrelationships/ relate: interrelate, related, relates, relating, relation, relative / related: relatedly, relatedness, unrelated / relation: relational, relations, relationship /relational: relationally/ relationship: relationships/relativistic: relativistically/ relativity: relativistic, relativities/relativize: relativizes/ unrelated: unrelatedly, unrelatedness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some of us write about epistemic relativism, the view that truth can vary depending on the context.
Nature(Nov 27, 2016)
While his ex-wife warns him, “Truth depends on how you shape and present it,” for Danlin such relativism is anathema.
Washington Post(Oct 31, 2016)
First, FGC is often seen as a challenge to moral relativism — the claim that cultures have different, but equally worthy, moralities2, 3.
Nature(Oct 11, 2016)
Back: n. 相对论，相对主义
分布：相对主义(72%)，相对论(28%)
→来自 relative,相关的，-ism,主义，思想。
N-UNCOUNT
相对论;相对主义
Relativism is the belief that the truth is not always the same but varies according to circumstances.
例：Traditionalists may howl, but in today's world, cultural relativism rules...传统卫道士们也许会叫嚣反对，但在当今世界，文化相对论确实是占据着统治地位。
例：Bennett launched a crusade for 'moral values' against decadent 'liberal relativism.'贝内特发起了一场捍卫“道德价值”、反对腐朽堕落的“自由相对论”的战争。
n. 相对主义；相对论
 - theory of relativity, principle of relativity

Word: reforestation
Front: reforestation
[ˌri:fɒrɪˈsteɪʃn] (24077/45887)
Back: n. 重新造林
分布：重新造林(100%)

Word: retinue
Front: retinue
[ˈretɪnju:] (宝 25207/16191)
Vocabulary: retinue
(once / 1902 pages)
n
A retinue is a group of people that accompany an important person. If you're a king or queen, you can think of a retinue as your royal crew or posse.
Retinue shares a root with retain. This fact can help you remember the word. If you hire someone to help you out while you travel, you are retaining their services. When their services are retained, they become part of your retinue. The Secret Service could be thought of as the U.S. President's retinue. Another example: A celebrity's retinue might include a hair dresser, a personal assistant, and a toy poodle.
WORD FAMILY
retinue: retinues
USAGE EXAMPLES
But a presidential retinue is much larger, and the security protocols will be different.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
A retinue of research assistants works at his gray brick complex in an artist enclave not far from the city center.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
He flies in his private Boeing 757 — fancifully nicknamed Trump Force One — with its 24-karat gold taps and retinue of advisers.
New York Times(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: n. 一批随员
分布：侍从(69%)，随员(31%)
→词源同 retain,保持，保留。引申词义随行人员。
【记】re反复，tin拿，ue－反复拿东西的人－随从re反复，ti踢，nu牛，e：主人在牛的身上，随从反复踢牛帮助赶牛。
US ['retˌ.ən.u:] noun countable usually singular [+ sing/pl verb]
■a group of people to help who travel with an important person to help them （要人的）随行人员，扈从
• The President travels with a large retinue of aides and bodyguards. 总统外出有一大群助手和保镖等随从。
n. 随行人员；扈从
 - lictor

Word: reuter
Front: reuter
[ˈrɔitə] (-/9402)
Back: n. 路透社
分布：名词(100%)

Word: reload
Front: reload
[ˌri:ˈləʊd] (16397/23959)
Back: vt. 再装，重新装
时态：reloaded, reloading, reloads
分布：再装入(100%)
→re-,再，重新，load,装填。
US [-'loʊd] verb intransitive or transitive
■to put more bullets in a gun 重装子弹；给（枪）再装填子弹
• to reload a gun/rifle/pistol 重新给枪／步枪／手枪装子弹
• He reloaded and fired a second shot. 他重新装入子弹又开了第2枪。

Word: reposition
Front: reposition
[ˌri:pə'zɪʃən] (16232/20297)
Back: n. 重新配置，复位; 贮藏，放回
vt. 使复位; 改变…的位置; 使变换阵地
时态：repositioned, repositioning, repositions
分布：新位置(34%)，调换位置(22%)，保存(22%)，储藏(22%)
VERB
重新放置;调换位置;重置
To reposition an object means to move it to another place or to change its position.
例：It is not possible to reposition the carpet without damaging it.想要挪动地毯又不让它损坏是不可能的。
VERB
重新定位(产品或服务)
To reposition something such as a product or service means to try to interest more or different people in it, for example by changing certain things about it or the way it is marketed.
例：The sell-off is aimed at repositioning the company as a publisher principally of business information...出售公司部分业务的目的是将公司重新定位为以商业信息类出版物为主的出版商。
例：Mazda needs to reposition itself if it is to boost its sales and reputation.要想提升销量和声誉，马自达公司需要对自己重新定位。
vt. 使复位；改变…的位置；使变换阵地
 - reseat
n. 复位；贮藏；放回
 - replacement, store, restoration

Word: rhapsody
Front: rhapsody
[ˈræpsədi] (宝 26202/34189)
Vocabulary: rhapsody
(once / 3547 pages)
n
A rhapsody is an impassioned speech or sentiment. Your rhapsody about the desserts at your city's new restaurant has all of your friends drooling and dying to try them.
A rhapsody is also part of an epic poem that is suitable for reciting. The word comes from the Greek word rhapsodios, which means a person who recites epic poems, and whose root is rhaptein, meaning to stitch. A rhapsody is also a musical piece noted for its improvisational nature and irregular form. Perhaps the most famous of this type of music is George Gershwin's "Rhapsody in Blue," composed in 1924.
WORD FAMILY
rhapsody: rhapsodies, rhapsodise, rhapsodize +/rhapsodise: rhapsodised, rhapsodises, rhapsodising/ rhapsodize: rhapsodized, rhapsodizes, rhapsodizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
His development of symphonic jazz and his association with George Gershwin, from whom he commissioned “Rhapsody in Blue,” left a permanent mark on American music.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Each concert has its own arc and character, balancing deep rhapsody against thorny dissonance.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Bohemian Rhapsody has been in production for eight years, with Queen members Brian May and Roger Taylor on board as music producers.
The Guardian(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: n. 狂热赞词，狂文; 狂想曲
分布：狂文(50%)，狂言(50%)
【记】r，hap（n 运气），sody：有运气－赞美rhapso缝，ody＝ode（n 颂歌）一把颂歌缝起来一赞美
noun countable specialized
■a piece of music which has no formal structure and which expresses powerful feelings 狂想曲
• Rachmaninov's 'Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini' 拉赫马尼诺夫的《帕格尼尼主题狂想曲》
■formal
■a speech or piece of writing that contains powerful feelings and enthusiasm 充满激情的演讲（或文章）；热情洋溢的发言（或文章）
['ræp.sə.di] noun countable
go into rhapsodies
■to express very great enthusiasm and admiration for something 大加赞赏，热情称颂
• She went into rhapsodies over/about the chocolate cake. 她对那件巧克力蛋糕赞不绝口。
n. 狂想曲；狂诗
 - capriccio

Word: rightwards

Word: saucy
Front: saucy
[ˈsɔ:si] (20929/21243)
Vocabulary: saucy
(once / 1614 pages)
adj
You can use saucy to describe someone who likes to cause trouble, but usually in a playful and funny way. Saucy is also a good word for a person who really likes to flirt.
In the novel Oliver Twist, the character the Artful Dodger goes to court for stealing. During his hearing, the ten-year-old screams, “I am an Englishman; where are my rights?” Saucy words from a saucy child. A saucy comment makes people gasp because it’s surprising and a little dangerous, like talking about witchcraft in front of a priest. Saucy also describes a person who flirts with very sexual language, which can be fun, unless your grandparents are nearby, which is awkward.
WORD FAMILY
saucy: saucier, sauciest, saucily, sauciness+/sauce: sauced, sauces, saucing, saucy /sauciness: saucinesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Shoe designer Charlotte Dellal said she designed the saucy polka-dot mules for her label Charlotte Olympia to reflect the collection’s “happy mood.”
Wall Street Journal(Dec 15, 2016)
The original Maggie was a somewhat worldly, saucy character, a publicist for a maternity lingerie company.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Wanda Saucier, 90, worked for the Griffins for 24 years as a parts clerk, and she helped with layaways at Land O’ Toys at Christmas.
Washington Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: adj. 粗鲁的; 粗俗的; 不雅的; 开色情玩笑的
级别：saucier, sauciest
分布：无礼的(39%)，活泼的(33%)，莽撞的(28%)
→sauce,粗俗行为，-y,形容词后缀。
US ['sɑ:-] old-fashioned
adjective
■rude and showing no respect, or referring to sex, especially in a humorous way 无礼的，粗鲁的；色情的（尤指以一种幽默的方式）
• a saucy remark/manner/look 粗鲁的言谈／举止／表情
• a saucy postcard/magazine 色情明信片／杂志
adj. 漂亮的；活泼的；莽撞的；俏丽的
 - alive, pretty, lively, smart, pushing

Word: semite

Word: shaggy
Front: shaggy
[ˈʃægi] (14385/16386 -1)
Vocabulary: shaggy
(once / 1145 pages)
adj
Shaggy things are messy, thick, and rough. Your long-haired mixed breed dog might be shaggy, while your sister's sleek Siamese cat isn't shaggy at all.
Shaggy almost always describes an animal's fur or a person's unruly hair. A well-loved stuffed animal might be soft and shaggy, and your brother's curly hair is especially shaggy when he first rolls out of bed in the morning. On the cartoon "Scooby Doo," Scooby's best friend is a goofy, shaggy-haired guy named Shaggy. Shaggy followed the earlier adjective shagged, from the Old English sceacgede, or "hairy."
WORD FAMILY
shaggy: shaggier, shaggiest, shaggily, shagginess+/shag: shagged, shagging, shaggy, shags
USAGE EXAMPLES
When the young black woman went South, she shed some of her proper bourgeois upbringing and began to feel the shaggy earth beneath her feet.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
They lined State Street when the park became too full, holding children and shaggy dogs.
New York Times(Nov 20, 2016)
Speaking by phone from the Izalco penitentiary, Chiki, who was serving time for extortion, ordered Shaggy to make a pickup of an extortion payment.
New York Times(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 多粗毛的，票面蓬松的; 毛发蓬松的; [动，植]有绒毛的; 粗野的，不整洁的
分布：表面粗糙的(40%)，毛发蓬松的(40%)，长浓而粗的(20%)
adjective
■having or covered with long, rough and untidy hair, or (of hair) long, rough and untidy 毛发粗长而蓬乱的；（毛发）粗长而蓬乱的
• a shaggy dog/pony 毛粗长而蓬乱的狗／小马
• the shaggy coat of a sheep 绵羊的粗长绒毛
• a shaggy rug 粗毛小地毯
adj. 蓬松的；表面粗糙的；毛发粗浓杂乱的
 - fluffy, towheaded

Word: sheng
Front: sheng
[ʃeŋ] (37415/-)
Back: n. 笙（中国的一种民族乐器）

Word: seagull
Front: seagull
[ˈsi:gʌl] (高 18503/15932 -1)
Back: n. 海鸥
分布：海鸥(100%)
['si:.gʌl] (also gull)
noun countable
■a bird which lives near the sea and has short legs, long wings and white and grey feathers 海鸥
• a flock of seagulls 一群海鸥
n. 海鸥
 - sea mew, shearwater

Word: slake
Front: slake
[sleɪk] (托宝 31425/33560)
Vocabulary: slake
(once / 4944 pages)
v
When you slake something, such as a desire or a thirst, you satisfy it. A big glass of lemonade on a hot summer day will slake your thirst.
The word slake traces back to the Old English word slacian, meaning to “become less eager.” If you slake something, like thirst, you become less eager to drink. In other words, you are less thirsty. Like satisfy and quench, close relatives of slake in meaning, the word is used to indicate that a craving is made less intense by getting whatever it is that you crave.
WORD FAMILY
slake: slaked, slakes, slaking
USAGE EXAMPLES
Growing aware that his “love for his friend” may be “something else,” he turns to casual gay trysts to slake his desires.
Washington Post(Oct 27, 2016)
But those studies hardly slake people’s thirst for answers to questions about how to eat or how much to exercise.
New York Times(Aug 11, 2016)
Though I’ll probably get sick later, for the present moment it has slaked my thirst.
Slate(Aug 04, 2016)
Back: vt. 解（渴）; 消除; <文>满足
时态：slaked, slaking, slakes
分布：满足(64%)，消除(36%)
→来自古英语 slacian,使无力，使懈怠，使缓慢，词源同 slack.引申比喻义消除，平息，缓和等。
【记】s死在lake湖里了，因为解渴过分，撑死了。
[sleɪk] literary
verb transitive
■to satisfy a thirst or a wish 满足
• After our long game of tennis, we slaked our thirst with a beer. 打了很长时间的网球之后，我们去喝啤酒解渴。
• I don't think Dick will ever manage to slake his lust for power. 我认为迪克对权力的欲望永远也不会得到满足。
vt. 消除；熄灭；使清凉
 - eliminate, avoid
vi. （石灰）熟化；消除；平息
 - cool, smooth out

Word: spectroscopy
Front: spectroscopy
[spekˈtrɒskəpi] (19379/17867)
Back: n. [光] 光谱学
分布：名词(100%)
→spectro-,光谱，-scopy,看的学说。

Word: sophisticate
Front: sophisticate
[səˈfɪstɪkeɪt] (六 28011/37736)
Vocabulary: sophisticate
(once / 772 pages)
nv
To sophisticate is to make someone or something less innocent. A sophisticate is also a worldly, cultured person.
The root soph in sophisticate has to do with knowledge, and if a person gets sophisticated, they learn new things, especially about the social world. Parents sophisticate their children by teaching them table manners. Going to college sophisticates many people by exposing them to new ideas and other cultures. After becoming sophisticated, people are less natural and innocent, but more cultured. A sophisticate is also a worldly person. Sophisticates do things like go to the opera and drink fine wine.
WORD FAMILY
sophisticate: sophisticated, sophisticates, sophisticating, sophistication +/ sophisticated: sophisticatedly, unsophisticated/ sophistication: sophistications
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Communists coveted the far more sophisticated American weapons.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
But none of those sophisticated earthbound films were able to attract anything close to the turnout for the top-performing weekend offerings.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Students used a sophisticated meter provided by the Hubbard Foundation to do the work.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Back: n. 老于世故的人; 见多识广的人
时态：sophisticated, sophisticating, sophisticates
分布：弄复杂(30%)，久经世故的人(28%)，玩弄诡辩(23%)，掺合(19%)
使精致;使老于世故(sophist+icate→成为诡辩家→老于世故)[Soph=wise,表示"智慧,聪明"]
[sə'fɪs.tɪ.kət] formal
noun countable
■a person who is sophisticated 老练世故的人，精明练达的人
vt. 弄复杂；使变得世故；曲解
 - misinterpret, read into
vi. 诡辩
 - prove that black is white and white black

Word: snowmobile
Front: snowmobile
[ˈsnəʊməbi:l] (13718/-)
Back: n. 摩托雪橇，雪地机动车; [亦称作 skimobile, snowcat] 摩托雪橇；雪地机动车
vi. [亦称作 skimobile, snowcat] 摩托雪橇；雪地机动车
时态：snowmobiled, snowmobiling, snowmobiles
分布：雪地车(100%)
US ['snoʊ-] noun countable
■a small motor vehicle for travelling on snow and ice 摩托雪橇 ； 雪地机车

Word: subconscious
Front: subconscious
[ˌsʌbˈkɒnʃəs] (18135/15809 -1)
Vocabulary: subconscious
(once / 2500 pages)
adjn
Subconscious describes something that is just below your awareness, like at a subconscious level hoping your friend's boyfriend breaks up with her — you didn't even realize you felt that way until it happened.
If you are aware of something, you are conscious of it, like being conscious of your tendency to talk too much when you are nervous: you watch for it and try to control it. Most words that start with the prefix sub- are something “under” the root word: something subconscious is under or below your awareness. Maybe in time, it will surface — you might get to the root of why you get so nervous in the first place.
WORD FAMILY
subconscious: subconsciouses, subconsciously, subconsciousness+/ conscious: consciously, consciousness, nonconscious, self-conscious, semiconscious, subconscious, unconscious / consciousness: consciousnesses/ self-conscious: self-consciously, self-consciousness/semiconscious: semiconsciously, semiconsciousness/ unconscious: unconsciously, unconsciousness/unconsciousness: unconsciousnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ms. Gillingham asks clients to activate the subconscious through close script readings and dream analysis.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
It brings a smile as it percolates from my subconscious.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The challenge was to mimic aspects of human intuition, like subconscious pattern matching.
The Guardian(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 下意识的; 潜意识的
分布：潜意识(78%)，潜意识的(17%)，下意识的(5%)
→sub-,在下，conscious,有意识的。
潜意识的(sub下面+conscious有意识的→在意识之下→潜意识的)[sci=know,表示"知道"]
US [-'kɑ:n-] noun only singular
■the part of your mind which notices and remembers information when you are not actively trying to do so, and which influences your behaviour although you do not realize it 潜意识，下意识
• The memory was buried deep within my subconscious. 那段记忆深深埋藏在我的潜意识里。
UK [ˌsʌb'kɒn.ʃəs] US [-'kɑ:n-] adjective [before noun]
■relating to this part of your mind 下意识的
• subconscious thoughts/fears 下意识的想法／恐惧
• Such memories exist only on/at the subconscious level. 这些记忆只存在於潜意识层次。
• Our subconscious mind registers things which our conscious mind is not aware of. 我们的潜意识会记录意识中并未注意到的东西。
Compare conscious
adj. [心理] 潜意识的；下意识的
 - unconsious

Word: straggler
Front: straggler
[ˈstræglə(r)] (20557/22101)
Back: n. 落伍士兵; 蔓生的枝叶; 游荡者; 流浪者
分布：流浪者(50%)，游荡者(25%)，落后者(25%)
→straggle,掉队，-er,人。
US [-lɚ] noun countable
■a person or animal that is last in a group to do something or the last to get to or leave a place 落后者，脱队者；落在队伍后面的人（或动物）
• We watched the last of the stragglers come in, three hours after the first runner. 我们看到落在最后面的选手跑过来了，他整整落后第一名选手三个小时。
n. 流浪者；落伍的士兵；离群的动物； [植] 蔓生的枝叶
 - Vagabonds, Nads

Word: stamford

Word: starfish
Front: starfish
[ˈstɑ:fɪʃ] (托 20725/24503)
Back: n. 海星（一种海洋动物）
分布：海星(100%)
→star,星星，fish,鱼。因海星形如星星而得名。 starfruit 杨桃
US ['stɑ:r-] (plural starfish or starfishes)
noun countable
■a flat animal that lives in the sea and has five arms which grow from its body in the shape of a star 海星
n. [无脊椎] 海星
 - sea star, asteroidean

Word: stipulation
Front: stipulation
[ˌstɪpjʊ'leɪʃn] (托宝 16026/14812)
Vocabulary: stipulation
(once / 2312 pages)
n
If all stipulations aren't met, the deal's off. By not reading the contract's fine print, you overlooked the stipulation that you perform in a clown suit. At least you can juggle.
The Latin root of stipulation is stipulat-, meaning “demanded as a formal promise.” The judge might allow you to go free, with the stipulation that you never again go swimming in a public fountain. A nightly foot massage could be one of many stipulations detailed in your “dating agreement.” Right or left tonight?
WORD FAMILY
stipulation: stipulations+/ stipulate: stipulated, stipulates, stipulating, stipulation, stipulatory
USAGE EXAMPLES
The only stipulation of the Kucera gift is that the museum keeps at least one tractor on display.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
One of the stipulations will be his tenure with his current team.
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
One major limitation was the stipulation that devices must be operated remotely by a human pilot.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 契约，规定，条文; 条款说明
分布：规定(80%)，条款(16%)，契约(4%)
【反】tacit requirement（心照不宣的要求）
[ˌstɪp.jʊ'leɪ.ʃən] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■when someone says exactly how something must be done 规定，约定；明确要求
• Is there any stipulation as regards qualifications? 资格方面有甚么明确要求吗？
• [+ that] The only stipulation is that candidates must be over the age of 35. 唯一的规定是候选人必须年满35岁。
n. 规定；约定； [法] 条款；契约
 - provision, item, convention, do, appointment

Word: sumerian

Word: tamp
Front: tamp
[tæmp] (宝 21027/41920)
Back: vt. 捣固; 填充; （用炮泥）封炮眼口; 夯实
时态：tamped, tamping, tamps
分布：夯实(73%)，减少(16%)，夯具(11%)
→回构自 tampion,塞子，炮栓，引申词义捣实，压紧，鼓捣。
【记】源于：tap（n /v 轻打）
verb transitive
■to press something such as soil or tobacco down firmly 夯实；捣紧
vt. 夯实，砸实；填塞
 - stuff up, obturate

Word: tinned
Front: tinned
[tɪnd] (33422/14560 -1)
Back: adj. 镀锡的，包锡的; <英>罐装的，听装的; 罐头的; 听装的
v. 包以马口铁(tin的过去分词)
分布：包马口铁的(44%)，罐装的(42%)，动词tin的过去式和过去分词.(14%)
adjective UK (US canned)
■Something, especially food, which is tinned is put in a tin in order to preserve it （尤指食品）罐装的
• I don't like tinned tomatoes/spaghetti/milk. 我不喜欢罐装的番茄／义大利面条／牛奶。
adj. 罐头的；镀锡的，包马口铁的；听装的
 - terned

Word: swampy
Front: swampy
['swɒmpɪ] (托 20287/34867)
Back: adj. 沼泽的; 似沼泽的，软而湿的
分布：沼泽地的(50%)，沼泽似的(50%)
US ['swɑ:m-] adjective
■describes land that is soft and very wet （土地）湿软的，沼泽的
adj. [地理] [水文] 沼泽的；湿地的；沼泽多的；松软的
 - marshy, palustrine

Word: tetra
Front: tetra
['tetrə] (44245/31248)
Back: n. 脂鲤
分布：四(86%)，四原(7%)，四基(7%)

Word: subgroup
Front: subgroup
[ˈsʌbgru:p] (10695/13367)
Back: n. 小群，隶属的小组织，子群
vt. 给…加副标题
分布：子群(91%)，隶属组织(9%)
→sub-,分支，分部，分，group,群体。
N-COUNT
小分组;小分队;小团体;小集团
A subgroup is a group that is part of a larger group.
例：The Action Group worked by dividing its tasks among a large number of subgroups.行动小组通过将其任务分配给多个下属小组来完成工作。
n. 小群；隶属的小组织
 - grouplet
vt. 给…加副标题
 - subtitle

Word: toleration
Front: toleration
[ˌtɒləˈreɪʃn] (19290/20255)
Back: n. 容忍; 默认; 信仰自由; （对药物等效应的）耐受性
分布：宽容(64%)，容忍(36%)
n. 宽容，忍受，默认；耐受性
 - mercy, charity

Word: topsoil
Front: topsoil
[ˈtɒpsɔɪl] (托 16882/24100)
Back: n. 表土（层），耕作（层）; 耕层
分布：表层土(96%)，去掉表土(4%)
【记】top顶，soil土。
US ['tɑ:p-] noun uncountable
■(the soil which forms) the top layer of ground in which plants grow 表土（层） Compare subsoil

Word: turgid
Front: turgid
[ˈtɜ:dʒɪd] (宝 28808/20699)
Vocabulary: turgid
(once / 9866 pages)
adj
Turgid describes something that's swollen, typically by fluids, like a turgid water balloon that's way too big to resist dropping on your friend's head.
Turgid comes from the Latin word turgidus, meaning "swollen, inflated." Turgid can be used in a figurative sense to describe things that are overblown. That might remind you of some people's egos! If a famous singer wants to showcase his incredible vocal range and his love of yodeling in a single song, the result may well be turgid, something so swollen with notes and styles that it seems ready to burst.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
turbid / turgid
Pop quiz time! Choose the correct word in each sentence:
The rivers become so turbid/turgid that they turn a chocolate brown color.
If the writing is turbid/turgid, the story and its characters will not be clearly seen.
I just took my shoes off at midnight and found that I have little, turbid/turgid toes!
Leo's turbid/turgid, overblown prose won over his professor in the end.
In the first sentence, the rivers are so muddy, so opaque, that they are brown (makes you favor the environmentalists, doesn't it?). Turbid is the right choice here. It can refer to something thick with suspended matter, as with the rivers.
The second sentence refers to writing that is confused or opaque. Again, the correct word is turbid. The rivers in the first sentence were so muddy that you couldn't see to the bottom. The writing referred to in the second sentence also prevents you from seeing to the bottom.
Confused or opaque toes don't seem to work in the third sentence, so the answer must be turgid. Turgid means swollen or bombastic. One imagines the speaker of the third sentence taking her oh-so-fashionable shoes off after a long evening out and finding that her toes have become little sausages, thus the appropriateness of turgid.
You've probably figured out by now that the fourth sentence requires turgid as well. The prose in that sentence is a different type of swollen, one hinted at with overblown. Here, the writing isn't unclear but bombastic, pompous, full of itself, which describes a lot of academic writing.
To recap:
- turbid: muddy, opaque
- turgid: swollen, bombastic
WORD FAMILY
turgid: turgidity, turgidly, turgidness+/turgidity: turgidities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Tori Kelly whiffed too in “O Holy Night,” presented for some reason as a turgid alternative-rock tune.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 01, 2016)
A turgid communiqué summarising the outcome of the four-day conclave contained few other revelations.
Economist(Oct 27, 2016)
Nevertheless, everywhere, I see the potential for unleashing a female solidarity that could cut through turgid certainties and redraw ideological fault lines.
The Guardian(Oct 09, 2016)
Back: adj. 肿胀的; <贬>（散文）浮夸的，夸张的
分布：膨胀的(100%)
→来自拉丁语 turgere,膨胀，肿起，词源不详。可能来自 ter,转，旋转，词源同 turn,torch. 即卷成团的，卷在一起的。
浮肿的(turg肿大+id)[-id表形容词"如…的"]
【记】读：特级的，特级的烟酒一般都是吹出来的－浮夸的
【反】simple（adj 简单的；简朴的）
US ['tɝ:-] adjective
TOO SERIOUS 太严肃的 formal
■(of speech, writing, style, etc.) too serious about its subject matter; boring （讲话、写作、风格等）太严肃的，枯燥乏味的
• a couple of pages of turgid prose 几页枯燥乏味的散文
UK ['tɜ:.dʒɪd] US ['tɝ:-] adjective
NOT FLOWING 不流动的 formal
■(of water) not flowing easily （水）流动不畅的，不易流动的
• The river rolled darkly brown and turgid. 河水流动不畅，翻着浊黄浪花。
UK ['tɜ:.dʒɪd] US ['tɝ:-] adjective
SWOLLEN 肿胀的 specialized
■(of an organ or living tissue) swollen （器官或生物组织）肿大的，肿胀的，膨胀的
adj. [临床] 肿胀的；浮夸的；浮肿的
 - swollen, tumid

Word: trashy
Front: trashy
[ˈtræʃi] (21320/38590)
Back: adj. <非正>蹩脚的，无价值的
分布：垃圾似的(40%)，碎屑的(40%)，没用的(20%)
['træʃ.i] informal
adjective
■of low quality; with little or no value 垃圾似的，低劣的
• trashy programmes 垃圾节目
adj. 没用的；碎屑的；垃圾似的；无价值的
 - helpless, napoo

Word: unblemished
Front: unblemished
[ʌnˈblemɪʃt] (托 22353/21593)
Back: adj. （人的名声、记录或性格）无污点的，完美无缺的; 无瑕疵的
分布：清白的(80%)，无疵的(20%)
【记】un不，blemish（v 玷污；n 污点），ed：无暇的
adjective
■describes a reputation, character, etc. that has no faults and is not spoiled in any way （名声等）无瑕疵的，无污点的
• For six years his championship record was unblemished. 他的冠军纪录有六年无任何瑕疵。
adj. 无缺点的；清白的
 - pure, clean

Word: unambitious
Front: unambitious
[ˌʌnæmˈbɪʃəs] (37067/33347)
Back: adj. 无奢望的
分布：无野心的(44%)，无名利心的(42%)，不显眼的(14%)
无野心的(un+ambitious有雄心的)[un-①表示"不,无,非,没有"②表示"打开,解开,弄出"]
adj. 无野心的；无名利心的；谦虚的
 - modest, odest

Word: unguarded
Front: unguarded
[ʌnˈgɑ:dɪd] (宝 20902/19838)
Back: adj. 无防卫的; 无人守护的; 粗心的; 不留神的
分布：大意的(37%)，不留神的(36%)，无保护的(27%)
US [-'gɑ:r-] adjective
■not guarded or protected 未防备的；无警戒的；未受保护的
• You shouldn't leave your bag unguarded in a pub like that. 你不能就那样把你的包放在酒吧里没人管。
■If you make an unguarded remark or say something in an unguarded moment, you tell someone something that you would usually keep secret, sometimes in a way that shows bad judgment 不留心的；不谨慎的；不防备的
• In an unguarded moment, I said that I didn't trust Carlo. 一不留神，我脱口而出说我不信任卡洛。
adj. 大意的；不小心的；无防备的
 - uncareful, incautious

Word: undemanding
Front: undemanding
[ˌʌndɪˈmɑ:ndɪŋ] (30101/19894)
Back: adj. 容易的，要求不高的，不严格的
分布：容易的(38%)，要求不高的(37%)，不严格的(25%)
【记】un不，demanding（adj 过分要求的，苛求的）：要求不高的
adj. 要求不高的；容易的；不严格的
 - easy, light, relaxed

Word: unipolar
Front: unipolar
['ju:nɪ'pəʊlə] (29440/48238)
Back: adj. 单极的
分布：单极的(100%)
adj. [生物] [物] 单极的；单尾的（神经细胞等）
 - homopolar

Word: uncorrupt

Word: underemployment

Word: unpaved
Front: unpaved
['ʌn'peɪvd] (20498/35964)
Back: adj. 没有铺石砖的，没有铺柏油的
分布：动词unpave的过去式和过去分词.(100%)

Word: unnaturally
Front: unnaturally
[ʌn'nætʃrəlɪ] (19520/14933)
Vocabulary: unnaturally
(once / 3208 pages)
adv
The adverb unnaturally describes something that happens in an unusual or strange way. If you feel unnaturally hot in a cool room, you may have a fever.
A woman with unnaturally long fingernails might find it hard to tie her shoelaces or answer her phone. If your dog makes an unnaturally wolf-like sound in his sleep, you'll wonder what he's dreaming about. And an unnaturally calm and greenish sky sometimes signifies that a tornado is coming. The Latin root of unnaturally is naturalis, "by birth, or according to nature," from natura, or "nature."
WORD FAMILY
unnatural: unnaturally, unnaturalness+/denaturalise: denaturalised, denaturalises/denaturalize: denaturalized, denaturalizes, denaturalizing/ natural: naturalise, naturalism, naturalize, naturally, naturalness, naturals, nonnatural, supernatural, unnatural /naturalisation: naturalisations/naturalise: denaturalise, naturalisation, naturalised, naturalises, naturalising/naturalised: unnaturalised/ naturalism: naturalist, naturalistic / naturalist: naturalists/ naturalistic: naturalistically/ naturalization: naturalizations/ naturalize: denaturalize, naturalization, naturalized, naturalizes, naturalizing/naturalized: unnaturalized/naturalness: naturalnesses/ nature: ill-natured, natural, natures, naturism/naturism: naturist, naturistic/naturist: naturists/ supernatural: supernaturalism, supernaturally, supernaturalness, supernaturals/supernaturalism: supernaturalisms, supernaturalist, supernaturalistic/unnaturalness: unnaturalnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
The “D” setting proved to be the least intrusive, as the sportier choices seemed to hold the gears unnaturally long, unwilling to upshift.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Rogers, an unnaturally strong man with a mysterious implant in the back of his head, has to constantly fight his impulse to kill.
Washington Times(Nov 14, 2016)
And if it all sounds an unnaturally close relationship and as outrageously suspicious as it ever was … well, forget it.
The Guardian(Sep 14, 2016)
Back: adv. 违反习俗地; 不自然地; 勉强地; 不近人情地
分布：不自然地(51%)，不合乎自然规律地(33%)，非预期地(16%)
adv. 故意地；违反习俗地；不合乎自然规律地
 - deliberately, intentionally

Word: vacuous
Front: vacuous
[ˈvækjuəs] (宝 25788/20895)
Vocabulary: vacuous
(once / 5791 pages)
adj
Reserved for the harmlessly stupid and truly meaningless, vacuous is a smart-sounding way to describe something dumb. Celebrity gossip and reality TV are usually pretty vacuous, even if they're fun.
If someone smiles at you in a way that seems fake or empty, you could describe the smile as vacuous. An example of a vacuous comment would be a politician promising to make things better without explaining how. If something is vacuous, it's like a vacuum — hollow, empty, devoid of substance.
WORD FAMILY
vacuous: vacuity, vacuously, vacuousness+/ vacuity: vacuities
USAGE EXAMPLES
He also quotes Lillian Hellman’s great description of a vacuous actress: “Her face is unclouded by thought.”
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The president’s vacuous response to Mr. Castro’s death brilliantly reflected the moral cowardice of the “Obama Doctrine.”
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
For every unexpectedly juicy roundtable discussion, there’s been one featuring vacuous, fact-light commentary rife with false equivalencies, or debates incendiary for their own sake.
Time(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 空虚的; 愚蠢的; 茫然若失的; 无聊的
adv. 无意义地，茫然若失地，无所事事地
n. 空虚，无聊，愚蠢
分布：空的(56%)，心灵空虚的(22%)，发呆的(22%)
空虚的;无意义的[vac,van,void=empty表示"空"]
无意义的(vac空)[-uous表形容词"多…的"]
【记】vac空，uous：空虚的
【反】intelligent（adj 睿智的）；omniscient（adj 无所不知的）
['væk.ju.əs] formal
adjective
■not expressing or showing intelligent thought or purpose 空洞的；无知的
• a vacuous remark/question/expression/smile 空洞的评论／无知的问题／茫然的表情／傻笑
adj. [真空] 空的；空虚的；空洞的；无意义的
 - empty, hollow, blank, vacant, bare

Word: unwashed
Front: unwashed
[ˌʌnˈwɒʃt] (19519/19893)
Back: adj. 没有洗的，不清洁的，无知的
分布：未洗的(72%)，无知平民百姓的(28%)
US [-'wɑ:ʃt] adjective
■not washed 未洗的；不干净的
adj. 未洗的，不清洁的；平民百姓的；下层人民的
 - soapless

Word: upturned
Front: upturned
[ˌʌpˈtɜ:nd] (17744/14896)
Back: adj. 向上翘的，上下翻转过来的
分布：翻过来的(45%)，向上翘的(30%)，仰着的(15%)，动词upturn的过去式和过去分词形式.(10%)
US [-'tɝ:nd] adjective
■pointing or looking up, or having the part which is usually at the bottom turned to be at the top 向上翘的；面朝上的
• An upturned boat on the beach provided shelter. 沙滩上一只底朝天的船成了藏身之处。
adj. 朝上的；向上翘的；翻过来的
 - turnover, tip-tilted

Word: unspent
Front: unspent
['ʌn'spent] (34936/39307)
Back: adj. 没有用完的，未耗尽的，仍有效的
分布：未耗尽的(60%)，未用完的(40%)
adj. 未耗尽的；没有用完的；仍有效的
 - unconsumed

Word: yelp
Front: yelp
[jelp] (托 16317/23585)
Vocabulary: yelp
(once / 1814 pages)
nv
A yelp is a loud cry of pain, like what you’d hear after you step on a dog’s tail by accident. It was an accident, right?
The root of yelp is the Old English word gielp, which means “boast.” Clearly the meaning has changed over time, since yelping is nothing to boast about, as it usually involves pain of some kind. The word works as a noun and a verb, so you could say “I can hear a dog yelping,” or “The dog’s yelps kept me up all night.” You could also pet your dog a lot, which will help with the yelps.
WORD FAMILY
yelp: yelped, yelping, yelps+/yelping: yelpings
USAGE EXAMPLES
It also prompted a spike in both positive and negative reviews on the restaurant’s Yelp page.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
“Sometimes you get lucky with your 11 hours of Yelp research, but we’re trying to streamline that process,” Ms. Lambert said.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
“Keep on wiping me,” he sang, then yelped, “in private!”
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. （因痛苦、气愤、兴奋等的）短而尖的叫声
vi. 发出短而尖的叫声
时态：yelped, yelping, yelps
分布：叫喊(63%)，吠(25%)，叫喊声(12%)
→来自ghel,叫喊，呼喊，拟声词，词源同nightingale,yell.
verb intransitive
■to make a sudden, short, high sound, usually when in pain （因疼痛而）尖叫
• I accidentally trod on the dog's foot and it yelped. 我不小心踩到狗的脚，结果它尖叫起来。
vi. 叫喊；狗吠
 - bawl out
vt. （因痛而）叫喊，叫喊着说
 - cry, bawl out
n. 尖叫，大叫；吠声
 - outcry, screeching

Word: warbler
Front: warbler
[ˈwɔ:blə(r)] (20230/25185)
Back: n. 鸣鸟，用颤音歌唱的人
分布：莺(58%)，鸣鸟(19%)，用颤音歌唱的人(14%)，啭鸟(9%)
→来自warble,颤音。因莺如颤音般的啼叫而得名。
US ['wɔ:r.blɚ] noun countable
■a small bird that lives in trees and sings 刺嘴莺；莺
n. 啭鸟；鸣鸟；用颤音歌唱的人
 - song bird

Word: wangle
Front: wangle
[ˈwæŋgl] (宝 30780/34281)
Vocabulary: wangle
(once / 11832 pages)
nv
Wangle means to get something through deception or devious coaxing, like the time you tried to wangle your way into a concert by pretending to be the singer's sister.
Wangle, which rhymes with tangle is similar in meaning to manipulate, although wangle has a more informal feel. The word's playful sound hints at its origin — it came into English as slang. In the 1880s it was coined by British printers who used their skills to wangle, or fake, an image to look like something else. That tradition endures today with untrustworthy magazines that wangle photos of celebrities to deceive readers.
WORD FAMILY
wangle: wangled, wangler, wangles, wangling+/wangler: wanglers
USAGE EXAMPLES
She might also be able to wangle some additional spending on infrastructure and paid family leave.
Salon(Oct 21, 2016)
I was sent down to cover it, and wangled a chance to jog with Ali in the traditional predawn training regimen.
New York Times(Jun 04, 2016)
After the war, American friends arranged a view camera for her via the United States military, and she wangled rare permission to photograph the ruins.
New York Times(Mar 31, 2016)
Back: vt. <口>用计谋得到（好处等）; 伪造; 粉饰; 欺瞒
n. 巧计获得，哄骗
时态：wangled, wangling, wangles
分布：取得(100%)
→可能来自waggle拼写变体，摇摆。引申词义摇尾乞怜或欺骗，设法搞到。
【记】读：玩狗，玩狗的人可以轻松的依靠狗的嗅觉脱离困境。
informal
verb transitive
■to succeed in getting or doing something by persuading someone or by being clever in some way 用计获得；哄骗
• I'll be so jealous if you manage to wangle an invitation to his house. 假如你能设法弄到一张去他家的请柬，我会非常嫉妒的。
• He's only been here two months and already he's managed to wangle his way into the biggest property company in London. 他到这里才两个月就已混进伦敦最大的地产公司了。
• If I can think of some excuse to wangle my way out of going tonight I will do! 如果我能找个借口今晚不去的话，那我一定不会去！
n. 欺诈行为；哄骗；伪造
 - forging, falsification
vt. 扭身挤出；使用诡计；骗取
 - cheat, blag

Word: viscous
Front: viscous
[ˈvɪskəs] (六托宝 19766/17171)
Vocabulary: viscous
(once / 9665 pages)
adj
Viscous means sticky, gluey and syrupy. So if something is viscous, you usually don't want to stick your fingers in it — that goes for boogers and maple syrup alike.
Not quite a solid and not quite a liquid, scientists like to say that viscous things don't flow very easily. They glop and slug around slowly, sticking to whatever they come in contact with. Think of making a batch of Rice Krispie treats: One minute the marshmallows are solid little rounds; the next minute they're melted into a web of sticky white goo that's somehow attached itself to the Rice Krispies, the spoon, the countertops, your nose, the front door, and the dog.
WORD FAMILY
viscous: viscosity, viscously, viscousness+/ viscosity: viscosities
USAGE EXAMPLES
The multiple blazing flows resembled veins, and all around them was pahoehoe, a type of viscous lava that looks like scar tissue.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 22, 2016)
Usually it is sweet-smelling ones like roses, peaches and oranges, not generally black, viscous commodities.
New York Times(Dec 16, 2016)
At his best, his voice is viscous and rich, low and wide like a barge.
New York Times(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 黏的; 黏性的; 半流体的; 黏滞的
分布：粘性的(75%)，粘的(25%)
→来自viscid,粘稠的。
【反】glutinous（adj 粘性的）－non viscous（无粘性的）
['vɪs.kəs] specialized
adjective
■describes a liquid that is thick and sticky and does not flow easily 黏稠的；黏滞的
adj. [物] 粘性的；黏的
 - sticky, gummy

Word: vivax

Word: animus
Front: animus
[ˈænɪməs] (宝 21837/36306)
Vocabulary: animus
(once / 8407 pages)
n
Saying you have animus toward a person is a fancy way of saying that you hate their guts. You could also say that an animus exists between two people. That's when they hate each others' guts.
If you're familiar with the word animosity, meaning bad feelings, you're only a hop, skip, or jump away from understanding animus. But then it gets tricky. The word can also mean a motivating force––you could refer to the fear of infection as the animus behind a movement to sterilize public buildings.
WORD FAMILY
animus
USAGE EXAMPLES
Of the Evangelists, John is the most vindictive toward the Jews, and many Baroque settings of his Passion narrative preserve that animus.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
What it reveals clearly is the Obama Administration’s animus against the state of Israel itself.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 23, 2016)
Authoritarians with an animus against ethnic minorities are on the march across the Western world.
Seattle Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. <律>意图; 仇恨; （女性人格的）男性意向; 基本态度
分布：敌意(75%)，基本态度(17%)，主导精神(8%)
→来自词根anim, 呼吸，风，灵魂，有生命。该词指强烈的感情，词义发生反转，强烈的敌对情绪。
【源】原指：女性的男性意象（妇女所具有的男性个性），引申为敌意。
【记】anim＝animal动物，us我们。动物与我们之间有敌意。道理同上。把ani磨死－因为我们之间有敌意
【反】friendliness（n 友谊；亲密）
n. 敌意；意图；基本态度；女性的男性意向
 - intention, meaning, will, offer, hostility

Word: zodiac
Front: zodiac
[ˈzəʊdiæk] (26677/17046 -1)
Vocabulary: zodiac
(once / 3935 pages)
n
The zodiac is the circular arrangement of the 12 astrological signs. When someone asks, "What's your sign?", they are asking about your zodiac sign.
What's your sign? Depending on when you were born, it's Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, or Pisces. Those are called the signs of the zodiac, which stand for the twelve different constellations (groups of stars) the sun moves through each month. If you study astrology, you'll see what people think each sign of the zodiac means. Astrologers look at the zodiac and say things like, "a Pisces shouldn't marry a Leo.”
WORD FAMILY
zodiac: zodiacal, zodiacs
USAGE EXAMPLES
That’s just eight days before the newest Year of the Rooster starts, according to the rotating 12-animal Chinese zodiac denotation.
Time(Dec 29, 2016)
It all spells an inauspicious start to the year of the rooster, or chicken, according to the Asian zodiac.
Seattle Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Remember when we would say Ted Cruz was the Zodiac killer and laugh and laugh?
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 黄道带; 黄道十二宫图; <罕>一圈
→来自希腊语zodiakos kyklos,即zodiac circle,以动物命名的星座图，最初天蝎和其爪子占据了两个星座，后来其爪子被天秤座所代替。
黄道(由12个星座组成,几乎所有星座都用动物命名)[zoo=animal,表示"动物"]
US ['zoʊ-] noun
the zodiac only singular
■(in the study of the planets and their influence on life) an area of the sky through which the sun, moon and most of the planets appear to move, divided into twelve equal parts, each with a name and symbol, and each connected with an exact time of year 黄道带（指太阳、月亮和行星组成的假想带，分成十二个等份区，各有其名称和符号，并和一年中特定的时间相关）
• the signs of the zodiac 黄道十二宫
countable usually singular
■a representation of the zodiac in the form of a circular drawing 黄道十二宫图
n. [天] 黄道带，十二宫图
 - horoscope

Word: absolutism
Front: absolutism
[ˈæbsəlu:tɪzəm] (24365/24375)
Vocabulary: absolutism
(once / 4874 pages)
1n 2n
Absolutism is the principle of complete and unrestricted government power, usually in the hands of one person, a dictator or despot.
This word sounds big, but it's really just an extension of the word absolute. If you have absolute power, you control everything. The problem with this is that absolutism can survive only through dominance, threat of punishment, and violence — in other words, tyranny. And, as the British historian Lord Acton noted in 1887, "Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely."
WORD FAMILY
absolutism: absolutisms, absolutist, absolutistic+/ absolute: absolutely, absoluteness, absolutes, absolutism / absolutist: absolutists/absolutistic: absolutistically
USAGE EXAMPLES
The beliefs on the right happen to be a perfect wrapper for the drug since the right prides itself on faith in moral absolutism.
Salon(Nov 27, 2016)
Fine, but so much for moral absolutism, as with so many other conservative verities.
US News(Oct 14, 2016)
Flamed by a member of a white-power group, Turk’s anger grew into indiscriminate prejudice and hatred, though he wrestles with the absolutism of his beliefs.
Washington Post(Oct 12, 2016)
Back: n. 专制主义，绝对论
分布：专制主义(68%)，绝对论(28%)，专制政治论(4%)
专制政治(absolute绝对的+ism主义)[Solv,solu,solut=loosen,表示"松开"]
US [-tˌɪ-] noun uncountable
■a political system in which a single ruler, group or political party has complete power over a country 专制政体；专制制度；专制主义

Word: assessor
Front: assessor
[əˈsesə(r)] (17171/9079 -1)
Vocabulary: assessor
(once / 5196 pages)
n
An assessor is a person whose job involves determining how much a house or building is worth. After an assessor establishes the value of a property, it can be taxed appropriately.
An assessor, sometimes called a "tax assessor," works for a city or county, aiding the process of collecting taxes from people who own property there. In order to figure out how much someone owes, an assessor compares the person's house to the others in the neighborhood and tallies up things like square footage, number of rooms, and acres of land. In Latin an assessor is "an assistant," though in Late Latin it means "one who assesses taxes."
WORD FAMILY
assessor: assessors+/ assess: assessable, assessed, assesses, assessing, assessment, assessor, reassess / assessment: assessments/ reassess: reassessed, reassesses, reassessing, reassessment / reassessment: reassessments
USAGE EXAMPLES
Though he was town assessor for three decades he doesn’t mention his work much in his diaries.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
The Wisconsin Department of Revenue requires property tax assessors to account for the fair market value of a property.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Assessors will reassess the property over the next two years.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: n. 技术顾问; 评税员，估价员; 陪审法官，助理法官
分布：估价员(61%)，确定税款的人(26%)，估计财产的人(13%)
N-COUNT
估价员;（资产）评估师;估税员
An assessor is a person who is employed to calculate the value of something, or the amount of money that should be paid, for example in tax.
N-COUNT
专家;（尤指法庭的）陪审推事，顾问
An assessor is a person who is an expert in a subject, especially someone asked to advise a court of law on that subject.
例：Two judges and six lay assessors sentenced White to life in prison.两名法官和六名大众陪审推事判决怀特终身监禁。
N-COUNT
（考试、面试、体育赛事等的）评分者，评委
An assessor is a person who judges the performance of someone else, for example in an exam, at an interview or at a sporting event.
例：...external assessors of GCSE exam results.普通中等教育证书考试结果的外请评分者
n. 评审员；确定税款的人；顾问
 - consultant, adviser

Word: aba
Front: aba
[ˈæbə] (-/29882)
Back: n. 毛织物，（阿拉伯式）长袍

Word: accelerometer
Front: accelerometer
[əkˌseləˈrɒmɪtə(r)] (27842/-)
Back: n. 加速计
分布：加速表(79%)，测震仪(21%)
n. [航] [物] [仪] 加速计
 - g-meter

Word: batty
Front: batty
[ˈbæti] (28836/13428)
Vocabulary: batty
(once / 13602 pages)
adj
If someone's batty, she's eccentric or a little bit wacky. You might love it when your batty great aunt visits because she makes life so interesting.
The adjective batty can be derogatory — as when you dismiss a mentally ill person as batty — or fond, as when you praise your batty English teacher, who quotes Shakespeare while doing handstands. If someone says, "You are driving me batty," it means you're making them feel crazy. Batty originally meant "like a bat," with the "eccentric" meaning arising from the expression "bats in the belfry," which means "crazy" or "not right in the head."
WORD FAMILY
batty: battier, battiest
USAGE EXAMPLES
When the movie goes off the rails, as it often does, Beatty’s Hughes—delusional, batty, charming in a hypermanipulative fashion—helps focus our attention.
Time(Nov 23, 2016)
Mr. Beatty’s Hughes has his moments of monstrous egotism, but conveys a sly self-awareness even when Hughes’s battiest behavior leaves those around him visibly cringing.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
The series, which is windswept, watery, and a little batty—the umbrella looks like a spooky, flapping fledermaus—evokes Gorey and the hurricane both.
The New Yorker(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 疯狂的
级别：battier, battiest
分布：古怪的(40%)，疯狂的(30%)，蝙蝠的(30%)
→来自bat, 蝙蝠，像蝙蝠一样发狂的。
US ['bætˌ-] informal disapproving
adjective
■silly and slightly mad with confused behaviour 愚蠢的；糊涂的；神经错乱的
• my batty old aunt 我那疯疯癫癫的老婶婶
adj. 古怪的；疯狂的
 - crazy, odd, possessed, mad, curious

Word: beachfront
Front: beachfront
['bi:tʃfrʌnt] (19548/-)
Back: adj. （建筑物）面向海滩的，海滨的，湖边的
n. 海滩，湖边
分布：海滨地区(100%)
['bi:tʃ.frʌnt] US
noun countable
■a strip of land along a beach 海滩线；海滨地区
• a house on the beachfront 海边的房子
• a beachfront property 滨海地产

Word: boastful
Front: boastful
[ˈbəʊstfl] (托 26220/32816)
Back: adj. <贬>（人）好自夸的，（言辞）自吹自擂的; 夸诞; 虚夸
分布：自夸的(40%)，自负的(36%)，喜夸耀的(24%)
US ['boʊst-] disapproving
adjective
■praising yourself and what you have done 自吹自擂的，自夸的
adj. 自夸的；自负的；喜夸耀的
 - proud, conceited

Word: blackjack
Front: blackjack
[ˈblækdʒæk] (19015/44143)
Back: v. 以棒打，胁迫
n. 扑克牌的二十一点
时态：blackjacked, blackjacking, blackjacks
分布：包有皮革的软金属棒(100%)
noun
CARD GAME 扑克游戏
uncountable (also pontoon)
■a type of card game played for money 二十一点纸牌赌戏
['blæk.dʒæk] noun
WEAPON 武器
countable US
■a short thick metal stick covered in rubber or leather, used to hit people with （包革）金属棍棒，金属警棍
n. 闪锌矿；扑克牌的二十一点；包革金属棍棒
 - sphalerite, zincblende

Word: blustery
Front: blustery
[ˈblʌstəri] (20448/20733)
Back: adj. 大风的，吵闹的
分布：大风的(64%)，狂暴的(26%)，猛烈的(10%)
US [-tˌɚ-] adjective
■very windy 狂风大作的；起风暴的
• a blustery day 狂风大作的一天
• blustery weather 狂风怒吼的天气
adj. 大风的；狂暴的，吵闹的
 - angry, rude

Word: blurb
Front: blurb
[blɜ:b] (宝 24849/21880)
Vocabulary: blurb
(once / 27171 pages)
n
A blurb is a short piece of writing that describes or summarizes something longer and more complicated. You might browse in the library, reading blurbs on the backs of books to help you choose what to check out.
One type of blurb is written to sell or promote something. A movie's official website might include a blurb describing its plot as well as a short trailer and a cast list, and well-known authors often contribute blurbs full of praise to help other writers market their own books. Any brief written summary can also be called a blurb: in fact, right now you're reading a blurb about the word blurb.
WORD FAMILY
blurb: blurbs
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the Golf World issue dated Nov. 17, 1961, a cover blurb teased the story “Jack Nicklaus a Pro: Greatest amateur will play for pay.”
Golf Digest(Nov 17, 2016)
The promotional blurb claimed that the item was just like Mourinho himself: “The watch is provocative … the robust exterior hides the genius below.”
The Guardian(Oct 19, 2016)
The film’s marketing materials include a blurb by Donald Trump: “ ‘Death by China’ is right on.
The New Yorker(Oct 12, 2016)
Back: n. （尤指印在书籍等护封上的）简介，推荐广告
分布：简介(35%)，大肆宣传(30%)，吹捧性广告(15%)，短评(10%)，大做广告(10%)
→来自20世纪美国幽默学家Gelett Burgess 创造出来的词，讽刺当时图书出版商在封面上夸大其词的宣传。blurb, 拟声词，巴拉巴拉。
US [blɝ:b] noun countable
■a short description of a book or film, etc., written by the people who have produced it, and intended to make people want to buy it or see it 简介；推荐语
• The blurb on the back of the book says that it 'will touch your heart'. 封底上的简介称此书“将触动你心”。
n. 大肆宣传；吹捧性广告；商品信息
 - hype, ballyhoo
vt. 夸大；大肆宣传
 - aggrandize

Word: bricklayer
Front: bricklayer
[ˈbrɪkleɪə(r)] (宝 27474/20598)
Back: n. 砖匠
分布：砖匠(100%)
【记】brick（n 砖），layer（n 层）－把砖用一层水泥垒上－砖匠
US [-ɚ] (UK informal brickie)
noun countable
■a person who builds walls or buildings using bricks, especially as a job 砌砖工；瓦工

Word: bole
Front: bole
[bəʊl] (32652/37284)
Back: n. 树干; 干材; 原条; 金莲花
分布：树干(100%)
→来自PIE *bhel, 膨胀，生长。词源同ball.
US [boʊl] literary
noun countable
■the trunk of a tree 树干
n. [林] 树干； [地质] 红玄武土
 - stock, trunk

Word: buttock
Front: buttock
[ˈbʌtək] (-/12233 -1)
Back: n. 臀部，屁股; 艄，船尾; [跤]背摔
v. [跤]背摔
分布：臀部(100%)
→来自butt, 撞，屁股。-ock, 小词后缀，常含贬义。
US ['bʌtˌ-] noun countable usually plural
■either side of a person's bottom 屁股（的一边）
n. 半边臀部；船尾
 - stern

Word: campania

Word: brainstorm
Front: brainstorm
[ˈbreɪnstɔ:m] (20387/36600)
Vocabulary: brainstorm
(once / 16789 pages)
vn
As you would expect, the word brainstorm involves thought. A brainstorm can be an "Aha!" moment, while brainstorming is the process of trying to think of ideas.
If you've ever needed to find a topic for a paper and have just started listing every idea coming to you, you know what it's like to brainstorm. People brainstorm when they need a new idea. You can also say you had a brainstorm when a good idea or solution occurs to you. Often, this kind of brainstorm happens when you're not even working on the problem. For example, a scientist might have a brainstorm for a new project in the shower.
WORD FAMILY
brainstorm: brainstormed, brainstorming, brainstorms
USAGE EXAMPLES
The two developed a professional partnership, preparing lesson plans and brainstorming ideas together.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
She sat for a while brainstorming a plan to help local kids smile.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
During a brainstorming session, they discussed a host of nighttime entertainment possibilities.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. <英><非正> 脑猝病; 计上心头; 突来的灵感; 集体研讨
vt. 集中各人智慧猛攻
时态：brainstormed, brainstorming, brainstorms
分布：集思广益(65%)，脑猝病(21%)，好主意(14%)
US [-stɔ:rm] verb intransitive or transitive
■(of a group of people) to suggest a lot of ideas for a future activity very quickly before considering some of them more carefully 自由讨论；集思广益；脑力震荡
• The team got together to brainstorm (the project). 组员们聚集在一起（就这个企划）集思广益。
UK ['breɪn.stɔ:m] US [-stɔ:rm] noun countable UK informal
■a sudden state of being unable to think clearly 突然神志不清，一时糊涂
• I must have had a brainstorm - I went shopping and forgot to take any money. 我当时一定是傻了——我出去买东西却忘了带钱。
US for * brainwave
n. 集思广益；头脑风暴；灵机一动
 - four eyes see more than two, synectics
vt. 集体讨论；集思广益以寻找
 - group discussion
vi. 集体讨论；动脑筋；出主意
 - group discussion, work out ideas

Word: chinook
Front: chinook
[tʃɪˈnu:k] (22246/-)
Back: n. 奇奴克风（指从海上吹向美国西北部海岸一带的湿暖风或落基山脉东坡吹下的干暖风）
分布：切努克语(67%)，切努克风(33%)

Word: chainsaw
Front: chainsaw
[ˈtʃeɪnsɔ:] (18443/22605)
Vocabulary: chainsaw
(once / 57656 pages)
n
A chainsaw is a power tool that can quickly cut through tree trunks and branches. If a tree falls during a storm, blocking your driveway, you can cut it into pieces with a chainsaw.
While a hand saw works by being manually pulled back and forth, cutting wood with its sharp metal teeth, a chainsaw's cutting power comes from a metal chain that rotates around the blade. Most chainsaws have a small gasoline-powered motor and are very portable. The original chainsaw was an early 1800s surgical tool used to cut bone; by the 1830s, the word also included saws for cutting wood.
WORD FAMILY
chainsaw: chainsaws
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the chainsaws are usually only let loose on smaller trees, so taxpayers must cough up.
Economist(Dec 15, 2016)
Erickson starts up the chainsaw and begins his final cut.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 14, 2016)
“It was like, ‘How do you run a chainsaw?’
Washington Post(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: vt. 用链锯割，<喻>肢解
分布：电锯(100%)
vt. 肢解，用链锯割
 - dismember

Word: carnivorous
Front: carnivorous
[kɑ:'nɪvərəs] (托宝 20396/23095)
Vocabulary: carnivorous
(once / 5979 pages)
adj
Vegetables? Forget it. If you're into eating meat, meat and more meat, then you're carnivorous.
Not surprisingly, the adjective carnivorous can be traced back to the Latin word for "flesh." Carnivorous eaters get their fill of other animals, so they've also got a reputation for being savage or predatory. So anyone who stalks around like a lion on the hunt could also be described as carnivorous, even if they're a card-carrying vegetarian.
WORD FAMILY
carnivorous: carnivorously
USAGE EXAMPLES
For Canadians, another carnivorous year of war started in 1916 with a New Year’s address from their prime minister, Sir Robert Laird Borden.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Prepare to endure bad beginnings, survive a carnivorous carnival and climb slippery slopes.
Time(Dec 21, 2016)
Or hit Miller’s Guild for its carnivorous happy hour.
Seattle Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: adj. （动物）食肉的; 肉食
分布：肉食性的(53%)，食肉的(47%)
食肉类的[carn=flesh,表示"肉,肉欲"]
食肉的(carni肉+vor+ous→食肉的)[vor=eat,表示"吃"]
adj. [动] 食肉的；肉食性的
 - raptatorial, zoophagous

Word: churchgoing

Word: cystic
Front: cystic
['sɪstɪk] (17116/17543)
Back: adj. 胞囊的，膀胱的，胆囊的
分布：囊的(40%)，膀胱的(34%)，胆囊的(26%)
adj. [解剖] 囊的；膀胱的，胆囊的；胞囊的
 - bursal, vesicular

Word: communicable
Front: communicable
[kəˈmju:nɪkəbl] (22891/35242)
Vocabulary: communicable
(once / 16214 pages)
adj
A cold is a communicable disease, i.e. it's contagious, so you can pass it on to others. If you are a politician, your basic message should be communicable or communicated easily to others.
Whether a cold or a message, think of transmitting something when using the word communicable. In this word, you might see communicate, commune, and community. All of these words come from the Latin root communicare which means "to share." When something is communicable it is easily shared with a community of people.
WORD FAMILY
communicable: communicably, noncommunicable+/ communicate: communicable, communicated, communicates, communicating, communication, communicative, communicator, communicatory, intercommunicate/ communication: communicational, communications / communicative: communicatively, communicativeness, incommunicative, uncommunicative /communicator: communicators/intercommunicate: intercommunicating, intercommunication/intercommunication: intercommunications/ uncommunicative: uncommunicatively, uncommunicativeness
USAGE EXAMPLES
So far, no common factors have been identified among the affected children in Washington, said Dr. Scott Lindquist, Washington’s state epidemiologist for communicable diseases.
Seattle Times(Nov 29, 2016)
The absence of communicable diseases management had also increased the risk of outbreaks of cholera, measles, malaria and other endemic diseases, the UN agency warned.
BBC(Nov 07, 2016)
Police said Vance has a communicable disease that he "may attempt to spread".
BBC(Oct 26, 2016)
Back: adj. 可以传授的，会传染的
分布：可传达的(65%)，会传染的(35%)
→来自communicate, 交流，传播。
【记】communic＝common（adj 共有的），able能…－在公众场合下的能被人共有的－传染的
formal
adjective
■able to be given from one person to another 可沟通的；可传达的；传染性的
• In this period, there were 974 outbreaks of communicable disease attributed to the consumption of raw milk. 在此期间出现了974个由于饮用生牛奶而引起的传染性疾病病例。
• communicable ideas/emotions 可传达的想法／情感
adj. 可传达的；会传染的；爱说话的
 - taking, conveyable

Word: daydream
Front: daydream
[ˈdeɪdri:m] (16376/24655 -1)
Vocabulary: daydream
(once / 8921 pages)
nv
A daydream is a fantasy you have while you're awake. Daydreams are pleasant, and they can be so absorbing that they distract you from what's going on around you.
You might have a daydream about moving to a big city, or about how you'd spend your millions if you won the lottery. To do this — dream, muse, or fantasize — is also to daydream. Your math teacher might scold you, saying, "You can't daydream in the middle of the calculus final!" The word dates from the 17th century.
WORD FAMILY
daydream: daydreamed, daydreamer, daydreaming, daydreams+/daydreamer: daydreamers
USAGE EXAMPLES
The first scenario seems realistic, whereas the second seems like a lovely daydream.
Salon(Jan 01, 2017)
As I pondered the stakes of this new kind of labor, the conference room groaned, interrupting the daydream.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
The two donated a Google Pixel Android phone and a Google Daydream headset to the Pioneers’ Home.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. 白日梦; 幻想，空想
vi. 做白日梦
时态：daydreamed, day-dreamed, daydreaming, daydreams'
分布：白日梦(60%)，幻想(23%)，做白日梦(17%)
noun countable usually singular
■a set of pleasant thoughts about something you would prefer to be doing or something you would like to achieve in the future 美梦，幻想，白日梦
• He never paid attention in class and seemed to be in a permanent daydream. 他在课堂上总是集中不了注意力，好像一直在做白日梦似的。
• I was just enjoying a daydream about winning the Nobel Prize for literature. 我只不过在幻想着自己获得了诺贝尔文学奖。
vi. 做白日梦
 - chase the rainbows
n. 白日梦
 - Day Dreaming, fantasy

Word: difficile

Word: circuitous
Front: circuitous
[səˈkju:ɪtəs] (托宝 20890/22734)
Vocabulary: circuitous
(once / 3708 pages)
adj
Circuitous means indirect or roundabout. If you're in a hurry to get to the hospital where your wife is having a baby, you want to take the straightest, fastest way, not a circuitous one!
Circuitous comes from the Latin word circuitus meaning basically "a going around." If you're being circuitous it's like you're going around and around in circles. It can also refer to someone's manner or speech, if they are not being direct. For example, if you want someone to get you another piece of cake but just you sit there looking longingly at your empty plate, saying "More cake sure would be nice," then you're being circuitous. And annoying.
WORD FAMILY
circuitous: circuitously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Amri then traveled right under the noses of European authorities through a circuitous route.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
The machine is now more complex—the connection between Hollywood and the best movies is circuitous and intricate.
The New Yorker(Dec 09, 2016)
Mr. Williams came to fashion relatively late and, not surprisingly, by a circuitous route.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 迂回的，绕行的; 萦纡; 迂曲
分布：迂回的(72%)，绕行的(28%)
迂回的,绕圈子的(circuit+ous)[circ,cycl=ring,circle,表示"圆,环"]
迂回的(circuit迂回,循环)[-ous表形容词,通常放在一个完整的单词后,表示"…的"]
【参】circus（n 马戏团）；circuit（n 电路，周游，巡回）circulate（v 使流通；使运行；使循环；使传播）circulation（n 循环，流通，发行额）
US [sɝ:'kju:.ɪ.tˌəs] formal
adjective
■not straight or direct 迂回的，绕行的
• a circuitous route/path 迂回路线
• a circuitous (= long and indirect) explanation 转弯抹角的解释

Word: elucidate
Front: elucidate
[iˈlu:sɪdeɪt] (托宝 16285/15382)
Vocabulary: elucidate
(once / 2255 pages)
v
If you elucidate something, you explain it very clearly. If you don't understand fractions, a visit to the pie shop may elucidate the subject for you.
Elucidate is from Late Latin elucidare, from the Latin prefix e- "thoroughly" plus lucidus "clear, bright." This Latin adjective is the source of English lucid, which describes someone who thinks clearly or something that is clear enough to understand.
WORD FAMILY
elucidate: elucidated, elucidates, elucidating, elucidation, elucidative+/ elucidation: elucidations/elucidative: elucidatively/ lucid: lucidest, lucidity, lucidly, lucidness/ lucidity: elucidate, lucidities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sher delivers an eloquent performance in which words are caressed, sentences are elucidated, and the art of elocution is grandly paraded.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
From Wesley Lowery’s reportage on police shootings to Zadie Smith’s new novel, they elucidate and offer escape from the noisy politics of our times.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
The night-time city is full of opportunities to probe, examine and elucidate.
The Guardian(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: vt. 阐明，解释
时态：elucidated, elucidating, elucidates
分布：阐明(70%)，说明(30%)
→e-, 向外。-lucid, 照明，词源同light, lucid.
阐明,解释(e出+lucid清楚+ate→再清楚→阐明)[luc,lust=light,shine,表示"光,照亮"]
【记】lucid（adj 明晰的）；lucidity（n 清晰；透明）
【参】elucidation（n 说明；阐明）
【反】garble（vt 断章取义；混淆）；obfuscate（v 使模糊）；obscure（adj 暗的；模糊的vt 使暗；使不明显）
[ɪ'lu:.sɪ.deɪt] formal
verb intransitive or transitive
■to explain or make clear 阐明；解释
• I don't understand. You'll have to elucidate. 我不懂，你得解释一下。
• The reasons for the change in weather conditions have been elucidated by several scientists. 已经有好几位科学家对天气状况变化的原因作了解释。
vt. 阐明；说明
 - say, clarify

Word: disconcerting
Front: disconcerting
[ˌdɪskən'sɜ:rtɪŋ] (14170/13994 -1)
Vocabulary: disconcerting
(once / 2756 pages)
adj
Something is disconcerting if it makes you uneasy or unsettles you. Even if you don't give your little brother's dreams of conquering the world and enslaving humanity much chance of success, you may find them disconcerting.
Think of a concert as something that is organized and runs smoothly. Anything that interrupts that organization and causes concern is disconcerting. The fact that your band ends each rehearsal with a screaming match is disconcerting, unless they are a punk band. Your disconcerting habit of laughing hysterically during job interviews? That may prevent you from gaining employment.
WORD FAMILY
disconcerting: disconcertingly+/ disconcert: disconcerted, disconcerting, disconcertion, disconcertment, disconcerts/ disconcerted: disconcertedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
But he does a very good job of identifying them, providing a thorough if disconcerting tour d’horizon.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Those milestones themselves are a disconcerting harbinger of a warming world, but November brought an even more bizarre event.
Salon(Dec 29, 2016)
It’s a disconcerting moment even within a film grounded in the imperfect logic of memory.
Slate(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 困惑的，不安的，尴尬的
v. 使不安( disconcert的现在分词); 使为难; 使慌张; 使窘迫
分布：不安的(72%)，困惑的(17%)，动词disconcert的现在分词.(11%)
ADJ-GRADED
令人不安的;令人困惑的;令人尴尬的
If you say that something is disconcerting, you mean that it makes you feel anxious, confused, or embarrassed.
例：The reception desk is not at street level, which is a little disconcerting.接待处不在临街的这层，这多少让人有点想不通。
adj. 令人不安的；打扰人的
 - disturbing, worrisome

Word: dispersant
Front: dispersant
[dɪs'pɜ:sənt] (36879/-)
Back: n. 分散剂
分布：名词(100%)
n. [助剂] 分散剂
 - dispersing agent, dispersion agent

Word: dunce
Front: dunce
[dʌns] (托宝 27716/34321)
Vocabulary: dunce
(once / 4515 pages)
n
A dunce is a dummy — someone who isn't smart. You might be tempted to call your little brother a dunce when he walks out the door with his shoes on the wrong feet.
It's not nice to call someone a dunce, though you might call yourself one when you study the wrong chapter before a big history test or get pulled over for yet another speeding ticket. The word dunce comes from a thirteenth century Scottish philosopher, John Duns Scotus, whose resistance to new ideas and mystical beliefs inspired opponents to equate his followers, the "Duns disciples," to "dullards." Later, some teachers made children wear pointed paper "dunce caps" when they misbehaved.
WORD FAMILY
dunce: dunces, duncish
USAGE EXAMPLES
What followed was an exchange of errors longer than a dunce’s exam paper.
The Guardian(Nov 19, 2016)
Confession: While I concede that John Kennedy Toole’s “A Confederacy of Dunces” is remarkable, it’s never made me laugh.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 06, 2016)
But there’s nothing inherent in smartphones that turns us into dunces.
Washington Post(Sep 08, 2016)
Back: n. 蠢材，笨学生
分布：名词(100%)
→来自13世纪苏格兰神学家John Duns Scotus, 其思想后来遭到反对者强烈批判，其追随者也被讽刺为笨蛋，傻瓜。
【源】源自：Duns Scotus（丹思?斯克特斯）他的作品与哲学思想在16世纪被认为是滑稽可笑的；人们都称他作dunce
【记】dance跳舞跳到u（大坑）里了－dunce
[dʌnts] disapproving
noun countable
■a person who is slow to learn or stupid, especially at school 拙笨者；（尤指）迟钝的学生
n. 傻瓜；劣学生
 - stupid, fool

Word: doff
Front: doff
[dɒf] (宝 27016/34711)
Vocabulary: doff
(once / 3493 pages)
v
Use the verb doff to describe removing something. You probably always doff your cap before the playing of "The Star-Spangled Banner."
The word doff and its antonym don date to the mid-14th century. Doff is a contraction of "do (take) off," and don is short for "do (put) on." By 1755, these words were all but obsolete, but they came back into vogue thanks to Sir Walter Scott, author of works like Ivanhoe, Rob Roy, and The Lady of the Lake. The popular Scottish author used them frequently, and he and his readers kept doff and don alive.
WORD FAMILY
doff: doffed, doffing, doffs
USAGE EXAMPLES
She doffed her patient’s gown and donned her nurse’s uniform.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 07, 2016)
Doffing his camouflage, he dons a sleek suit and red-and-blue-striped tie.
New York Times(Oct 30, 2016)
Morales doffed his jersey in celebration following the goal and was handed a yellow card.
Washington Times(Oct 23, 2016)
Back: vt. <主文>脱去，（尤指）脱帽
时态：doffed, doffing, doffs
分布：脱(68%)，丢弃(16%)，废除(16%)
→来自do off, 脱下，来自do的古义，放置。
【记】与don一起记，off＝（take off）脱，on＝（put on）穿
【反】don（v 穿上）
US [dɑ:f] old-fashioned
verb transitive
■to remove your hat, usually to show respect （通常为表敬意）脱（帽） Compare don
UK [dɒf] US [dɑ:f] old-fashioned
verb transitive
doff your hat to sb/sth literary
■to show respect to someone or something 向…致意
• The song doffs its hat to the best soul traditions. 这首歌借鉴了最优秀灵歌的传统风格。
vt. 脱（衣，帽等）；丢弃，废除；落纱
 - reject, abolish

Word: doer
Front: doer
[ˈdu:ə(r)] (22704/22170)
Back: n. 行为者，实干家
分布：做某事的人(75%)，行动家(25%)
→来自do,做。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■someone who gets actively involved in something, rather than just thinking or talking about it 实干家，实干者
• There are too many thinkers and not enough doers in this office. 在这个办公室里，空想家太多，实干家太少。
n. 实干家；行为者
 - behaver

Word: entrenchment
Front: entrenchment
[ɪnˈtrentʃmənt] (30348/39698)
Back: n. 壕沟，防御设施
分布：壕沟(66%)，防卫工事(23%)，掘壕沟(11%)
[ɪn'trentʃ.mənt] mainly disapproving
noun uncountable
■the process by which ideas become fixed and cannot be changed 牢固确立；根深柢固；积重难返
• There has been a shift in opinion on the issue after a decade of entrenchment. 对这个问题人们曾囿于成见十年之久，现在终于改变了观点。
n. 堑壕；防卫工事
 - intrenchment

Word: europeanism

Word: epilogue
Front: epilogue
[ˈepɪlɒg] (宝 21855/26409)
Vocabulary: epilogue
(once / 4214 pages)
n
If you like to read the end of a book first, then maybe the epilogue is for you. The epilogue is a short piece that wraps up the end of a story.
The noun epilogue can also refer to the short speech at the end of a play that one of the characters speaks directly to the audience. In Shakespeare's play The Tempest, the epilogue is a 20-line monologue spoken by Prospero. Epilogue comes from the Greek word epilogus meaning the conclusion of a speech.
WORD FAMILY
epilogue: epilogues
USAGE EXAMPLES
Trump offers his followers the fascist bargain that Walter Benjamin described in the epilogue to The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction.
Slate(Nov 22, 2016)
There are some excellent action sequences and a moving epilogue.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Ultimately, however, Massa's three seasons at Williams will stand as the epilogue to his career, just as the three at Sauber were the foreword.
BBC(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: n. （文艺作品的）尾声; 后记; （戏剧等的）收场诗; 收场白
分布：收场白(50%)，结尾(50%)
→epi-, 在上，在中，在后。-log, 说，词源同lecture, legible. 即在后面补充的话。
后记,结尾部分(epi+lougue说→在后面说的话→后记)[epi-表示"在…上,在...周围,在...后面"]
尾声,后记(epi后面+logue→在后面说)[log,logu=speak,表示"说话"]
【记】epi在…后，logue说话－在后面说话－尾声
【反】prologue（n 序言）；preface（n 序文；绪言；前言）
US [-lɑ:g] noun countable
■a speech or piece of text which is added to the end of a play or book, often giving a short statement about what happens to the characters after the play or book finishes （戏剧的）收场白，收场戏；（书的）结尾部分，后记，跋 Compare prologue
n. 结语，收场白；尾声，后记
 - finale, endgame

Word: filmmaker
Front: filmmaker
['fɪlmˌmeɪkə] (6164/17998)
Back: n. 电影摄制者
分布：电影摄制者(100%)
N-COUNT
电影制作人
A film-maker is someone involved in making films, in particular a director or producer.
例：...Italian film-makers like Sergio Leone.诸如塞尔焦·莱昂内之类的意大利电影制作人

Word: fieldwork
Front: fieldwork
[ˈfi:ldwɜ:k] (11292/12934)
Back: n. 野战工事; 野外工作; 实地调查; 现场工作
分布：实地调查(45%)，野外工作(30%)，现场工作(25%)
→field, 野外。work, 工作。
US [-wɝ:k] noun uncountable
■study which consists of practical activities that are done away from your school, college or place of work 实地考察；野外研究
• They had to go to Africa to do their fieldwork. 他们必须去非洲做实地考察。

Word: expiration
Front: expiration
[ˌekspəˈreɪʃn] (宝 16118/27079)
Vocabulary: expiration
(once / 1749 pages)
1n 2n
Expiration is what happens when a lease or contract — or a period of time — has ended. The expiration of your library card means you need to sign up for a new one.
You might notice that your container of yogurt is marked with a date — it's the expiration date, or the day the product is no longer fresh enough to be sold or eaten. Other things with expiration dates include magazine subscriptions, rental agreements, and drivers' licenses. All of these are a sort of contract that eventually ends, or expires. When you breathe out, that's technically also expiration, from the Latin expirare, "breathe out," or "breathe one's last breath."
WORD FAMILY
expiration: expirations+/ expire: expiration, expiratory, expired, expires, expiring/expired: unexpired
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the meantime, the current contract will be extended beyond the Jan. 1 expiration.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
The five-year deal was agreed to Nov. 30, about 3½ hours before the expiration of the previous contract.
Seattle Times(Dec 13, 2016)
But expiration of the provision afterward does not mean that disclosure will necessarily follow.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 满期; 截止; 呼气; （气的）呼出
分布：期满(56%)，终止(26%)，呼气(12%)，呼出(6%)
断气;期满(expire+ation)[spir=breathe表示"呼吸"]
N-UNCOUNT
告终;期满;截止
The expiration of a fixed period of time is its ending.
例：...a few hours before the expiration of the midnight deadline.午夜最后期限截止前的几个小时
n. [生理] 呼气；终结；届期
 - expired air, aspiration

Word: firecracker
Front: firecracker
[ˈfaɪəkrækə(r)] (17139/40623)
Back: n. 爆竹，鞭炮
分布：爆竹(66%)，鞭炮(34%)
US ['faɪrˌkræk.ɚ] noun countable
■a firework that makes a loud noise when it explodes 爆竹；鞭炮
n. 鞭炮，爆竹
 - banger, cracker

Word: flounce
Front: flounce
[flaʊns] (29882/24922)
Vocabulary: flounce
(once / 4012 pages)
1vn 2n
To flounce is to move in an exaggerated, emphatic way, especially if your movement expresses anger or impatience. A young child who doesn't like what's for dinner might stand up and flounce away from the table.
If you feel you've been misunderstood, you might need to stifle the urge to flounce off in a huff — it's more mature to stay and try to explain yourself. Flounce is also a noun, meaning both the action of flouncing and a ruffle: "I'll make this dress look fancier by sewing a flounce on the bottom." The huffy movement meaning came first, possibly from a Scandinavian source.
WORD FAMILY
flounce: flounced, flounces, flouncing
USAGE EXAMPLES
A Britain flouncing blithely out of the EU with little regard for jobs, investment or liberal values is a workable case for Scoxit.
Economist(Oct 20, 2016)
Sketches by Mr. Bérard in the collection depict dancers in flounced costumes and vaulted rooms lined in fringed fabric.
New York Times(Oct 06, 2016)
Hermit crabs and octopuses flounce on furniture, burdened by all too human anxieties.
New York Times(Sep 22, 2016)
Back: vi. 暴跳，怒气冲冲地走动
n. 挣脱，挣扎; 衣裙上的荷边装饰
vt. 饰以荷叶边
时态：flounced, flouncing, flounces
分布：衣裙上的荷边装饰(34%)，急动(33%)，突然离去(22%)，断然离去(11%)
→来自辅音丛fl, 扑腾，拍打，拟声词，词源同flap, flag, flutter. 拼写受bounce影响。
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to walk with large noticeable movements, especially to attract attention or show that you are angry （尤指为吸引注意或表示生气）急动，大步走
• "Right, don't expect any help from me in future!" he said and flounced out of the room. “好吧，从今往后别再指望我能帮你！”他说完气冲冲地冲出了房间。
[flaʊnts] noun countable
■a wide strip of cloth sewn along the edge of especially a dress or skirt for decoration （尤指装饰衣裙用的）荷叶边
n. 挣脱；挣扎；衣裙上的荷边装饰
 - Must Get Out
vi. 挣扎；跳动；突然离去
 - pulse, struggle along

Word: flopper

Word: fragmentary
Front: fragmentary
[ˈfrægməntri] (托 18658/15364)
Back: adj. 碎片的; 片断的; 不完整的; 支离破碎的
分布：碎片的(41%)，零碎的(30%)，不完全的(15%)，碎块的(7%)，碎屑状的(7%)
US ['fræg.mən.ter-] adjective formal
■existing only in small parts and not complete 片断的；零星的；不完整的
• Reports are still fragmentary but it is already clear that the explosion has left many dead and injured. 虽然报道仍然是只言片语，但已经很清楚爆炸造成了大量伤亡。
adj. 碎片的；不完全的；断断续续的
 - incomplete, half

Word: galilee

Word: friar
Front: friar
[ˈfraɪə(r)] (21187/9207 -1)
Vocabulary: friar
(once / 543 pages)
n
A friar belongs to a religious order, a group within the Catholic church. A friar is similar to a monk.
Friars are like monks in that they are devoted to a religious life. The difference is that a friar lives and works among regular people in society, while a monk lives in a secluded, self-sufficient group of monks. The word friar developed in the thirteenth century from the Old French frere, "brother or friar." The Latin root is frater, or "brother."
WORD FAMILY
friar: friars
USAGE EXAMPLES
Georgetown faces the Friars on the road Wednesday night and the Bulldogs at Verizon Center on Jan. 7.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
Providence: The Friars entered the day holding opponents to 58.9 points per game.
Washington Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Bowie performed as Ziggy during gigs at the town's Friars music venue in the early 1970s.
BBC(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: n. （天主教的）男修士; 化缘修士
分布：名词(100%)
→来自古法语frere, 兄弟，词源同fraternity, 兄弟会。用来指宗教团体托钵修士会。
US [fraɪr] noun countable
■a man belonging to one of several Roman Catholic religious groups, whose members often promise to stay poor （天主教）托钵会修士

Word: gastric
Front: gastric
[ˈgæstrɪk] (宝 18960/3485 -1)
Back: adj. 胃的; 胃部的
分布：胃的(100%)
→来自gras, 吃，吞食，词源同gorge, voracity. 字母r脱落。
胃的[gastr=stomach(胃)]
【记】gas胃胀气，tric＝trick（n 诡计）－gas在stomach里有trick－胃胀气－胃的
【参】gastritis（n 胃炎）；gastrology（n 胃病学；美食学）；
['gæs.trɪk] specialized
adjective
■relating to the stomach 胃的；胃部的
• gastric juices 胃液
• a gastric ulcer 胃溃疡
adj. [生物] 胃的；胃部的
 - stomachal

Word: grenoble
Front: grenoble
[ɡrəˈnəubl] (-/24439)
Back: 格勒诺布尔（法国东南部城市）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: goa
Front: goa
['gəʊə] (-/28976)
Back: n. 西藏高原产的一种羚羊; 藏原羚

Word: godly
Front: godly
[ˈgɒdli] (23047/23497)
Back: adj. 正直的，神圣的
分布：神的(58%)，虔诚的(23%)，敬神的(19%)
US ['gɑ:d-] adjective
■showing obedience to God 敬畏上帝的；虔诚的
• a godly woman 一位虔诚的妇女
adj. 神圣的；对神敬虔的
 - sacred, divine, blessed

Word: greenwood

Word: godwin

Word: hearth
Front: hearth
[hɑ:θ] (六 10697/8936 -1)
Vocabulary: hearth
(once / 521 pages)
n
If you are warming yourself by the fireplace, you are sitting by the hearth. The noun hearth refers to a fireplace and the area around it.
Hearth refers specifically to the paved floor of a fireplace, which may extend out into a room. Hearths are associated with home and family because the hearth was historically the main source of heat in the home, as well as where the cooking was done. As a result, family members often gathered together around the hearth. The importance of the hearth has made it symbolic of the home, as in the phrase "hearth and home."
WORD FAMILY
hearth: hearths
USAGE EXAMPLES
This year, she included a fresh lime wreath propped up on her hearth.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
Original home of town harbor master; features original nine-over-nine windows, wood floors, multiple brick hearths.
Washington Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Stones in the hearth came even farther, from Arkansas.
Seattle Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 灶台，炉边; （高炉的）炉膛，炉缸; 〈比喻〉家庭; 壁炉地面
分布：炉边(58%)，炉床(22%)，灶台(20%)
→来自ker,燃烧，词源同carbon,crematorium,-th,名词后缀。引申词义火炉，壁炉。
US [hɑ:rθ] noun countable
■the area around a fireplace or the area of floor in front of it 壁炉炉床；壁炉边
• A bright fire was burning in the hearth. 壁炉里熊熊的炉火在燃烧。
■literary
■a home, especially when seen as a place of comfort and love （尤指充满温馨和爱意的）家
• They were reluctant to leave hearth and home. 他们很不愿意离开温馨的家。
n. 灶台；炉边；炉床； [建] 壁炉地面
 - cooking bench, ingleside

Word: hagen

Word: hothouse
Front: hothouse
[ˈhɒthaʊs] (23071/21871)
Back: n. 温室
分布：温室(70%)，温床(19%)，温室的(8%)，长于温室的(3%)
→hot,热的，house,屋子。用来指湿室，暖房。
US ['hɑ:t-] noun
FOR PLANTS 植物
countable
■a heated glass building in which plants are grown 温室，暖房
• hothouse tomatoes 温室番茄
UK ['hɒt.haʊs] US ['hɑ:t-] noun
EDUCATION 教育
countable usually singular often disapproving
■a place or environment in which people, especially children, are taught to develop skills and knowledge more quickly than usual （使受教育者，尤指儿童，迅速获取技能和知识的）优越环境，温室环境
• He was attracted by the hothouse atmosphere of Britain's top schools. 英国精英中学的优越环境吸引了他。
UK ['hɒt.haʊs] US ['hɑ:t-] noun
BUSY PLACE 繁忙的地方
countable
■a place where there is a lot of a particular activity （某活动比较集中的）地方，场所
• a literary/political hothouse 文学／政治的温室
n. [园艺] 温室；温床
 - greenhouse, soil, forcing house
adj. [园艺] 温室的；过分保护的；娇弱的
 - overprotective

Word: heterodox
Front: heterodox
[ˈhetərədɒks] (宝 30899/40925)
Vocabulary: heterodox
(once / 8762 pages)
adj
Heterodox is from the Greek root words heteros, meaning "the other," and doxa, meaning "opinion." The adjective heterodox was first applied to people who held a different religious opinion from the standard beliefs and teachings.
Today, although the religious meaning remains, the adjective heterodox can describe someone who adheres to any atypical beliefs, such as scientists who buck the current thinking or politicians who do not toe the party line. The word can be a synonym of heretical, which describes someone with contrary beliefs. If you are a teacher with a heterodox teaching style, you may win over students but alarm your more traditional colleagues.
WORD FAMILY
heterodox: heterodoxy+/heterodoxy: heterodoxies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Decius is a longtime conservative, though a heterodox one.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
Thiel’s politics are heterodox, but he shares with the President-elect an aversion to regulation and taxes and a skepticism about free trade.
The New Yorker(Dec 11, 2016)
A group of professors, frustrated by this trend, has compiled a Heterodox Academy ranking of colleges based on ideological diversity.
New York Times(Nov 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 异端的
分布：异端的(58%)，非正统的(42%)
→hetero-,相异的，-dox,教条，教导，词源同doctor,doctrine.引申词义异端的。
异端思想(hetero异+dox→异端思想)[dox=opinion,表示"观点"]
【记】hetero异，dox思想－异端的
【参】orthodox（adj 正统的；传统的）；heterogeneous（adj 不同种类的；异类的）＝incongruous
【反】canonical（adj 正统的；规范的）
US ['hetˌ.ɚ.ə.dɑ:ks] adjective formal
■(of beliefs, ideas or activities) different and in opposition to generally accepted beliefs or standards （信仰、想法或活动）非正统的，异端的
• His opinions have always been distinctly heterodox. 他的观点总是带有明显的异端色彩。
Compare orthodox
adj. 异端的；非正统的
 - unorthodox, heretical

Word: heritable
Front: heritable
[ˈherɪtəbl] (31045/36786)
Back: adj. 可遗传的，可继承的
分布：可遗传的(55%)，可继承的(40%)，可转让的(5%)
adj. 可继承的；可传让的
 - inheritable, hereditable

Word: herbivore
Front: herbivore
[ˈhɜ:bɪvɔ:(r)] (20159/28132)
Vocabulary: herbivore
(once / 73412 pages)
n
Given a choice between a sirloin steak and a pile of grass, an herbivore will take the grass every time. If grass isn't on the menu, a salad will do. Herbivores eat plants.
The herb in herbivore reminds you that herbivores eat plants rather than other animals. If you know any giraffes, deer, or vegetarians, you might have some herbivore friends. If you have a friend named Herb, let him know he's safe around them. Unless Herb is your favorite houseplant.
WORD FAMILY
herbivore: herbivores
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The biggest and strongest animals on the planet — elephants, gorillas, rhinos — are herbivores,” Carter says.
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
Nairobi National Park is home to Kenya’s most successful rhino sanctuary as well as many herbivores, lions and other big cats.
Seattle Times(Nov 28, 2016)
The herbivore species lived sometime between 156 and 145 million years ago and belongs to a group called sauropods, meaning 'lizard feet'.
Reuters(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. 食草动物
分布：草食动物(100%)
→herbi-,草，-vor,吃，词源同voracity,devour.
US ['hɝ:.bə.vɔ:r] noun countable
■an animal that eats only plants 食草动物，草食动物
• Cows and sheep are herbivores. 牛和羊是食草动物。
Compare carnivore
n. [动] 食草动物
 - phytophagans, primary consumer

Word: indivisible
Front: indivisible
[ˌɪndɪˈvɪzəbl] (23115/21271)
Vocabulary: indivisible
(once / 5483 pages)
adj
Something indivisible cannot be broken up or divided: it's rock solid.
The most common use of the word indivisible is in the Pledge of Allegiance, where it is used to show how our country is united and can't be broken up. But you can use this word for any group or organization that seems indestructible. Anything that can be broken up, separated, or smashed into pieces is divisible, not indivisible. In math, you can say that the number 9 is indivisible by 2: it can't be divided by 2 evenly.
WORD FAMILY
indivisible: indivisibly+/dividable: undividable/ divide: dividable, divided, divider, divides, dividing, divisible, division, subdivide/ divided: dividedly, undivided/divider: dividers/ divisible: divisibility, divisiblest, indivisible / division: divisional, divisions/divisional: divisionally/subdivide: subdivided, subdivider, subdivides, subdividing, subdivision/subdivided: unsubdivided/subdivider: subdividers/subdivision: subdivisions/undivided: undividedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
We pledge allegiance to a country that is “indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.”
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Maybe the Clinton picture represents a new brand of presidential portraiture, for a time when politics and entertainment are indivisible, heroes and rogues indistinguishable.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
The mission of a citizen, an American citizen, is to defend America, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 不可分的，不能除尽的; 不可分割; 除不尽
分布：不可分割的(95%)，不可分裂的(5%)
→in-,不，非，divisible,可分开的，可分割的。
【记】in不，divisible（adj 可分的）
【反】easily fragment（容易分割的）
adjective
■not able to be separated from something else or into different parts 不可分的
• He regards e-commerce as an indivisible part of modern retail. 他认为电子商务是现代零售业不可分割的一部分。
• A country's language is indivisible from its culture. 一个国家的语言与其文化是不可分割的。
adj. 不能分割的； [数] 除不尽的
 - impartible

Word: impoverishment
Front: impoverishment
[ɪm'pɒvərɪʃmənt] (22454/23039)
Vocabulary: impoverishment
(once / 15153 pages)
n
Impoverishment is the state or fact of being extremely poor. A neighborhood's impoverishment is sometimes obvious from its many abandoned buildings.
You can use the noun impoverishment to mean "poverty," and also the act of forcing someone into poverty. A despotic government's impoverishment of its own people can be a way to control the citizens. A situation can also cause impoverishment, such as a serious illness and lack of health insurance. The verb impoverish, or "make poor," comes from the Old French empoverir, "to make poor," from povre, "poor."
WORD FAMILY
impoverishment: impoverishments+/ impoverish: impoverished, impoverishes, impoverishing, impoverishment
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The unemployment rate is distressing; the impoverishment of the population is palpable everywhere; our social protection system is in deficit and is in peril.”
The Guardian(Jan 02, 2017)
Never mind that these men were responsible for the deaths of tens of millions and the impoverishment of hundreds of millions.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 23, 2016)
In the early 20th century, there was too much stigma attached to his impoverishment and mental illness, she said.
New York Times(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: n. 贫穷，穷困; 贫化
分布：贫穷(67%)，穷困(33%)
n. 贫穷；致使贫乏或贫瘠之事物
 - neediness, depauperation

Word: husbandry
Front: husbandry
[ˈhʌzbəndri] (托宝 22827/15663)
Vocabulary: husbandry
(once / 3053 pages)
n
Husbandry has nothing to do with being a husband, and a lot to do with being a farmer. If you cultivate the land or breed animals, you are practicing husbandry.
Long before husbands were hen-pecked guys who cut the grass on weekends and played with the kiddies after school, they were robust men of the Earth — farmers, in other words. That meaning died out, but its current meaning survives as a remnant of it. Today, you most often hear of "crop husbandry", which refers to raising crops; however, if you practice toad husbandry — you must be raising toads.
WORD FAMILY
husbandry: husbandries
USAGE EXAMPLES
The culprit, instead, was poor husbandry: ‘‘poor nutrition, inadequate veterinary care and lack of fly control.’’
New York Times(Jan 06, 2016)
Urban agriculture also can involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, urban beekeeping and horticulture.
Washington Times(Nov 19, 2016)
Cutting and preparing herbs for drying is one of the simplest acts of garden husbandry.
Washington Post(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 农业; 资源管理，妥善管理
分布：农牧业(65%)，耕作(21%)，农事(14%)
→来自husband的古义，农夫，耕作者，-ry,名词后缀。后引申词义农牧业，畜牧业。
农耕(husband丈夫...丈夫干农活)[-ry表名词,通常放在一个完整的单词后面1.表示"状态,性质"2.表示"行业,学科"3.表示集合名词4.表示"场地"]
【反】prodigality（n 浪费；挥霍）；waste（n 废物；浪费）
noun uncountable
FARMING 耕种 specialized
■farming 种植；养殖
• He gave a lecture on crop and animal husbandry. 他举办了一个关于农作物种植和动物养殖的讲座。
['hʌz.bən.dri] noun uncountable
CAREFUL USE 谨慎使用 old use
■the careful use of money, food, supplies, etc. （对金钱、食物、物资等的）妥善使用，节俭使用
n. 饲养；务农，耕种；家政
 - cultivation, breeding, soil, feed

Word: incontinence
Front: incontinence
[ɪnˈkɒntɪnəns] (17963/13266)
Vocabulary: incontinence
(once / 13922 pages)
n
Incontinence is a lack of control. Sometimes that means you can't help but pee your pants. Another, more pleasant type of incontinence has to do with being undisciplined and addicted to life's pleasures.
You probably don't want anything to do with incontinence. It could mean you're wetting the bed. It could also mean you're pooping your pants. Incontinence is something we expect of babies, but it can also happen to very sick or old people. Another kind of incontinence has to do with not being in control of your life. If you can't stop spending money, drinking, and staying out late, that's a type of incontinence, too.
WORD FAMILY
incontinence: incontinences+/ continent: continence, continency, continental, continently, continents, incontinent, subcontinent/continental: continentally, intercontinental, transcontinental /incontinency: incontinencies/ incontinent: incontinence, incontinency, incontinently/ transcontinental: transcontinentally
USAGE EXAMPLES
The procedure is used to ease incontinence and pelvic prolapse.
BBC(Dec 19, 2016)
There are also more than half a dozen medications that help to reduce urge incontinence.
New York Times(Dec 12, 2016)
More of us will dwindle away, and succumb to dementia, incontinence, loss of mobility and chronic or acute pain.
The Guardian(Oct 29, 2016)
Back: n. 不能自制，无节制，失禁
分布：失禁(100%)
→in-,不，非，continence,控制，节制。即无法控制的，后多用于指人的大小便失禁。
N-UNCOUNT
(大便或小便)失禁
Incontinence is the inability to prevent urine or faeces coming out of your body.
例：Incontinence is not just a condition of old age.大小便失禁不仅仅是一种老年病。
n. [医] 失禁；无节制；不能自制
 - excess, irretention

Word: intimation
Front: intimation
[ˌɪntɪˈmeɪʃn] (21089/18734)
Vocabulary: intimation
(once / 1156 pages)
n
The noun intimation means a hint or an indirect suggestion. Your teacher's intimation that there could be a quiz the next day might send you into a panic, while your friend sitting beside you might not even notice.
Intimation comes from the Latin word intimationem, which means an announcement. In English, intimation refers to a less direct form of communication. It's a suggestion or hint, rather than a blatant statement of fact. Your first intimation that your brother had a girlfriend was the amount of time he spent whispering into the phone. The second intimation was when he asked your parents for money for two movie tickets.
WORD FAMILY
intimation: intimations+/ intimacy: intimacies/ intimate: intimacy, intimated, intimately, intimates, intimating, intimatingly, intimation
USAGE EXAMPLES
This intimation is newly germane: a vague but feminine mysticism is in.
The New Yorker(Nov 20, 2016)
Many critics saw the songs on the album as an intimation of his own mortality.
BBC(Nov 10, 2016)
Back at the Harpa concert hall, Let’s Eat Grandma acquit themselves well before a big crowd, with their intimations of ritual and pagan strangeness.
The Guardian(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: n. 暗示，正式宣告
分布：暗示(74%)，通知(26%)
n. [心理] 暗示；告知；讽示
 - connotation, reminder, implication, allusion

Word: interregnum
Front: interregnum
[ˌɪntəˈregnəm] (宝 33467/35277)
Vocabulary: interregnum
(once / 12024 pages)
n
Interregnum describes the period between the reigns of two leaders. If you're a rebel leader, you may try to gain power during an interregnum.
Pronounce interregnum with the accent on the third syllable: "in-ter-REG-num." It comes from Latin: inter- means "between" and regnum means "kingship, dominion, rule, realm." An interregnum can be marked by no government at all, or it can refer to a different kind of leadership between two similar regimes.
WORD FAMILY
interregnum: interregna, interregnums
USAGE EXAMPLES
“It is too big to let go, and the interregnum in the United States is a good chance to press their advantage,” he said.
New York Times(Nov 20, 2016)
During the interregnum, seven states seceded from the Union.
The Guardian(Nov 07, 2016)
They show what the GOP, despite the Trump interregnum, could be—optimistic, forward-looking, inclusive.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 21, 2016)
Back: n. （新旧王朝或新旧政府）更迭的政权空白期; 过渡期; 中断; 停顿
分布：空位期(44%)，过渡期(36%)，间歇(20%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，-regn,统治，政权，词源同reign,regal.
【记】inter中间，reg＝reign（n /v 统治），num－两个国王统治之间的时期－无王时期
US [-tˌɚ-] formal
noun only singular
■a period when a country or organization does not have a leader （国家或组织的）权力空白期，空位期
n. 中断；空位期；过渡期；间歇
 - break, broken off

Word: intelligible
Front: intelligible
[ɪnˈtelɪdʒəbl] (研六托雅宝 17337/14873)
Vocabulary: intelligible
(once / 503 pages)
adj
Use the adjective intelligible to describe speech that is loud and clear, like the intelligible words of your principal which, thanks to a microphone, you were able to hear.
When your goal is to make your writing intelligible to anyone who reads it, you chose clear, precise words and give details that tell more about what you mean. You might also include examples. Intelligible comes from the Latin word intelligibilis, "that can understand or that which can be understood." The earlier meaning of intelligible was "able to understand," which today is closer to the meaning of intelligent.
WORD FAMILY
intelligible: intelligibility, intelligibly, unintelligible +/unintelligibility: unintelligibilities/ unintelligible: unintelligibility, unintelligibly
USAGE EXAMPLES
“It’s a pretty blunt instrument to be trying to say something intelligible on what his plans are,” he said.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
There are differences, because English is mixed with different languages in each country but they are usually mutually intelligible.
BBC(Nov 16, 2016)
They can make a wider world intelligible, alive, and urgent.
The Guardian(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: adj. 可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的
分布：可理解的(61%)，明白易懂的(25%)，清楚的(14%)
→intel-,在中间，来自inter-的变体，-leg,选择，选出，词源同collect,eligible.即可选出来的，可以分辨的，引申词义容易理解的。
可理解的(intellig理解+ible;参考:intelligent有才智的)[-ible形容词"能…的"]
a.可理解的,明白易懂的,清楚的The book is intelligible to everybody.这本书任何人都看得懂.
adjective
■(of speech and writing) clear enough to be understood （言语、文章）明白易懂的
• She was so upset when she spoke that she was hardly intelligible. 她讲话时心烦意乱，结果她的话几乎让人无法理解。
Opposite unintelligible
adj. 可理解的；明了的；仅能用智力了解的
 - accessible, comprehensible

Word: lacey

Word: jerky
Front: jerky
[ˈdʒɜ:ki] (15283/20482 -1)
Vocabulary: jerky
(once / 4145 pages)
1adj 2n
Something that's jerky has a bumpy, lurching kind of rhythm, like a jerky off-road ride in a jeep. Another kind of jerky is dried meat. You could chew your beef jerky to calm yourself on that jerky ride.
A jerky carnival ride starts and stops abruptly, and a jerky old movie might be choppy and shaky. When jerky is a noun, it's a dense, chewy type of dried meat. This second kind of jerky is an American word, adapted from the Spanish to originally be charqui, from an Incan root word, ch'arki, literally "dried flesh."
WORD FAMILY
jerky: jerkier, jerkies, jerkily, jerkiness+/ jerk: jerked, jerker, jerking, jerks, jerky /jerker: jerkers/jerking: jerkingly, jerkings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Our eyes will be beads of dried-up jerky by then, but at least there’s sweet relief on the horizon.
Salon(Dec 22, 2016)
Mr Coulter was killed when he left a Jerky Chicken restaurant.
BBC(Dec 17, 2016)
Desperate to hold onto large employers, Connecticut last month offered eight-figure retention inducements to two absurdly large and profitable hedge funds run by jerky libertarians.
Slate(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 急拉的; 忽动忽停的; 愚蠢的; 呆笨的
n. 肉干，牛肉干
级别：jerkier, jerkiest
分布：肉干(60%)，急动的(20%)，颠簸的(20%)
→来自西班牙语charqui,来自南美土著语ch’arki,干肉。
US ['dʒɝ:-] noun uncountable US
■meat that has been cut into long thin strips and dried in the sun （条状）肉干
• beef jerky 牛肉干
UK ['dʒɜ:.ki] US ['dʒɝ:-] adjective
■quick and sudden 忽动忽停的；抽动的，痉挛性的
• The disease causes sudden jerky movements of the hands and legs. 这种疾病会导致手、脚突然痉孪。
■not smooth and pleasant 不平稳的（让人不舒服的）
• I enjoyed the concert, although the playing was rather jerky at times. 尽管演奏时有不稳，但我仍然享受到音乐会的愉悦。

Word: irritable
Front: irritable
[ˈɪrɪtəbl] (托雅宝 14272/11965 -1)
Vocabulary: irritable
(once / 870 pages)
adj
If you're feeling on edge, like the smallest thing could bother you or make you lose your temper, you are irritable. Did I say something wrong?
Irritable means "easy to irritate or bother." If you have irritable skin, you get a rash from just about anything. An irritable person is not easy-going and often not very easy to be around. You might feel like you're "walking on eggshells," or being extra careful not to upset your brother when he's in an irritable mood. Is there anything I can do to make you less irritable? Fetch your favorite blanket? Maybe I'll just go away now.
WORD FAMILY
irritable: irritability, irritably+/irritability: irritabilities/ irritate: irritable, irritated, irritates, irritating, irritation, irritative/ irritated: irritatedly/ irritating: irritatingly/ irritation: irritations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Synergy Pharmaceuticals jumped 9.1 percent to $5.18 after the drug developer said data showed its irritable bowel syndrome- tablet met the main goal.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
You’re sad, apathetic and irritable for weeks or months at a time.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Utecht sustained hits so hard he says they erased many memories and left him foggy, forgetful and irritable for years afterward.
New York Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: adj. 易怒的，急躁的; 过敏的; 应激性的; 毛躁
分布：易怒的(66%)，急躁的(34%)
→来自irritate,刺激，使烦恼。
US [-tˌə-] adjective
■becoming annoyed very easily 易怒的，暴躁的
• Be careful what you say - he's rather irritable today. 说话小心点——他今天脾气很大。
• "Don't disturb me again," she said in an irritable (= angry) voice. “不要再打扰我，”她烦躁地说。
adj. 过敏的；急躁的；易怒的
 - passionate, hypersusceptible

Word: kursk

Word: jagger

Word: lacrosse
Front: lacrosse
[ləˈkrɒs] (14071/45753)
Vocabulary: lacrosse
(once / 8861 pages)
n
Lacrosse is a team sport in which players carry a ball in the net of a long-handled racket, throw it to each other, and try to score points by getting the ball into a goal.
Both men and women play lacrosse, mostly on high school and college teams. Lacrosse players carry a long stick with a netted head for cradling the small rubber ball. In women's lacrosse, the stick must be moving back and forth to keep the ball from falling out. The game now known as lacrosse was invented by indigenous people of North America as early as AD 1100. Lacrosse comes from the French Canadian jeu de la crosse, "game of the hooked sticks."
WORD FAMILY
lacrosse: lacrosses
USAGE EXAMPLES
The stadium will be home to men’s and women’s soccer, lacrosse, tennis and track and field.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
The James LaCrosse family, longtime donors to the museum, will pay for most of the restoration project.
Washington Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Which leads me to the newest generation of the Buick LaCrosse.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 长曲棍球（两队各十名队员，用带网兜的球棒接球、带球和传球）; 君越 （别克汽车品牌）; 兜球运动
分布：长曲棍球(100%)
→来自法语la crosse,曲棍，弯棍，词源同cross,cricket.后用来指一种曲棍球游戏。
US [-'krɑ:s] noun uncountable
■a game played by two teams in which the players each use a long stick with a net at the end to catch, carry and throw a small ball, and try to get the ball in the other team's goal 长曲棍球（运动）

Word: laker

Word: liturgy
Front: liturgy
[ˈlɪtədʒi] (11461/13036)
Vocabulary: liturgy
(once / 3965 pages)
n
A liturgy is like a script for a religious service, the official set of rules for performing a religious ceremony.
Liturgy has everything to do with the way people worship in public. In fact, this noun comes to us from the Greek word leitourgia, which means "public service, worship of the gods." In Christianity, The Liturgy is a specific service for the sacrament of the Eucharist. But every religion has their own form of liturgy or set way of performing certain worship rituals.
WORD FAMILY
liturgy: liturgical, liturgies, liturgist+/ liturgical: liturgically/liturgist: liturgists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some of them even use Aramaic, the language spoken by Jesus, in their liturgies.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 23, 2016)
A service of Holy Eucharist will be held in the parish hall, a casual environment following flexible forms of liturgy with contemporary music and visuals.
Washington Post(Nov 25, 2016)
Steeped instead in literary discipline, French chanson and Jewish liturgy, his work suggested old-fashioned patience.
The Guardian(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 礼拜仪式; （英国国教的）祈祷书
分布：圣餐仪式(82%)，礼拜形式(18%)
→来自拉丁语liturgia,公共仪式，公共祈祷，来自leito-,平民，公共，词源同lay,laity,-erg,工作，祈使，词源同work,synergy.引申词义向神祈福，礼拜仪式。
【记】读：litter鸡－随便乱丢一只鸡来做礼拜。
US ['lɪtˌ.ɚ-] noun countable or uncountable
■(a particular set of) the words, music and actions used in ceremonies in some religions, especially Christianity （尤指基督教等宗教的）礼拜仪式
n. 礼拜仪式；圣餐仪式；祷告文
 - communion

Word: loathsome
Front: loathsome
[ˈləʊðsəm] (托 22172/21183)
Vocabulary: loathsome
(once / 1750 pages)
adj
Loathsome things are things people hate — so much they make you want to throw up.
Something loathsome is disgusting, distasteful, foul, revolting, and yucky. It's probably gross and awful, too. Some loathsome things are even repellent and nauseating. Other times, this word has a more general meaning. A corrupt politician is considered loathsome because he has no morals. A murderer is loathsome because of his crimes. Anything you think is horrible could be called loathsome.
WORD FAMILY
loathsome: loathsomely, loathsomeness, loathsomer, loathsomest+/ loath: loathest, loathingly, loathsome /loathsomeness: loathsomenesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
The trouble with it, though — for Grays Harbor County — is that loathsome Seattle liberals were not on the ballot.
Seattle Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Even if he had his fingers crossed, Trump said too many loathsome things during the campaign for me ever to join his bandwagon.
Time(Nov 21, 2016)
But consider the “crooked” Hillary, “lock her up” vitriol and the loathsome misogyny.
The Guardian(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: adj. 令人憎恨的; 厌恶的; 讨厌的; 排斥的
级别：loathsomer, loathsomest
分布：讨厌的(51%)，可恶的(36%)，令人呕吐的(13%)
→来自loath,厌恶的，-some,形容词后缀。
令人作吐的(loath恶心,讨厌)[-some表形容词"充满…的,具有...倾向的"]
US ['loʊð-] adjective
■extremely unpleasant 恶心的，令人厌恶的
• He's a loathsome man. 他是个非常讨厌的家伙。
adj. 令人憎恶的；令人呕吐的
 - abominable

Word: landholding
Front: landholding
[ˈlændhəʊldɪŋ] (46071/34081)
Back: adj. 土地所有的
分布：土地所有的(100%)
US [-ˌhoʊl-] noun countable
■an area of land that someone owns or rents （某人拥有或租用的）土地，领地
n. 拥有土地；占有土地
 - landed property

Word: lymphocyte
Front: lymphocyte
[ˈlɪmfəsaɪt] (22531/11018)
Back: n. （出现在血液、淋巴液中的）淋巴球，淋巴细胞
分布：淋巴细胞(95%)，淋巴球(5%)
→lympho-,淋巴，-cyte,细胞。
noun countable specialized
■a type of white blood cell involved in fighting disease and infection in the body, some of which produce antibodies (= proteins that attack and kill harmful bacteria) 淋巴细胞（一种抵抗体内疾病和感染的白血球， 一些淋巴细胞还可以产生杀死有害细菌的抗体蛋白）
n. [免疫] 淋巴细胞；淋巴球
 - T cell

Word: mime
Front: mime
[maɪm] (托宝 20294/15707 -1)
Vocabulary: mime
(once / 934 pages)
nv
A mime is a performer who uses exaggerated facial expressions and body movements — instead of words — to communicate with his audience.
You may have seen a mime pretending she's trapped in an invisible box, using gestures to make it appear that she is pushing against walls and a ceiling. Many mimes also wear clown-like makeup, wear simple clothing, and refuse to speak. You can use the word mime as a verb as well, to describe what you do when you imitate your least favorite teacher for the amusement of your friends. The Greek root word is mimos, "imitator, actor, or buffoon."
WORD FAMILY
mime: mimed, mimer, mimes, mimic, miming+/ mimic: mimicing, mimicked, mimicker, mimicking, mimicry, mimics/mimicker: mimickers/ mimicry: mimicries
USAGE EXAMPLES
As the players ran onto the field, they mimed firing machine guns.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
Beloved Swiss clown and mime who studied under Marcel Marceau.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
McBurney put his hands in front of him, then mimed paddling a canoe over the rapids.
The New Yorker(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 笑剧，笑剧演员; 笑剧的表演对白; 滑稽演员; 哑剧，哑剧演员
vt. 模仿; 模拟
vi. 作模拟表演; 演滑稽角色
时态：mimed, miming, mimes
分布：哑剧(75%)，模仿(13%)，演出哑剧角色(4%)，做哑剧表演(4%)，丑角(4%)
→来自拉丁语mimus,模仿，来自希腊语mimos,模仿者，小丑，模仿表演艺术家，可能来自拟声词，模仿模仿的声音。引申词义模拟，哑剧等。
【记】原指：古希腊和古罗马的一种戏剧表演形式，剧中类似的人物或情景在舞台上以闹剧表演出来，通常伴有荒唐可笑的动作。Mi和me长得差不多，所以要通过手势表现出来。
【参】mimic（adj 模仿的；n 模仿者；v 模仿）
noun
uncountable
■when you use movements of your hands and body, and expressions on your face, without speech, to communicate emotions and actions or to tell a story 默剧表演
• The first scene was performed in mime. 第一场是以默剧形式演出的。
countable
■a short play without speech 默剧
[maɪm] verb intransitive or transitive
■to act or tell a story in mime 以默剧的形式表演
• The whole of the banquet scene is mimed. 整个宴会的场景是以默剧的形式演绎的。
■to pretend to sing, play or say something without making any sound （配合已录好的录音）做模拟动作，假唱，做口型
• Most of the bands that appear on the show just mime to a recording of their songs. 演出中大多数乐队只是伴随他们已经录好的歌曲假唱。
• He was miming something at me across the pub. 他在酒吧的另一头对着我做口型想告诉我甚么。
n. 哑剧；小丑；滑稽戏
 - dumb show, panto

Word: micronutrient
Front: micronutrient
[ˌmaikrəuˈnju:triənt] (30831/-)
Back: n. 微量营养素
分布：微量元素(57%)，微量营养素(43%)
n. [生化] 微量营养素
 - nutrilite

Word: mayonnaise
Front: mayonnaise
[ˌmeɪəˈneɪz] (11738/17123 -1)
Back: n. 蛋黄酱
分布：蛋黄酱(85%)，美乃滋(15%)
→来自法语sauce mayonnaise,可能来自Mahon,地中海西岸梅诺卡岛首府，-ais,法语形容词后缀，-e,表阴性。据说该酱料的配方来自该岛。
noun uncountable (informal mayo)
■a thick creamy sauce made from oil, vinegar and the yellow part of eggs, which is usually eaten cold （油、醋和蛋黄调制而成的）蛋黄酱
n. [食品] 蛋黄酱
 - Bearnaise, remoulade

Word: maronite

Word: maniac
Front: maniac
[ˈmeɪniæk] (雅 15044/14885 -1)
Vocabulary: maniac
(once / 2046 pages)
nadj
A maniac is a crazy person. Screaming like a maniac is never a good way to get your point across.
Long ago, the word maniac was an official psychiatric term that meant "a patient suffering from mania," or manic disorder, involving a euphoric mood and extreme energy. Maniac isn't used in a clinical way anymore, but only informally to mean "lunatic." You might describe yourself running around the house like a maniac looking for your car keys, or dismiss your sports-obsessed brother as "a football maniac." The Greek root is mania, or "madness."
WORD FAMILY
maniac: maniacal, maniacs+/ mania: maniac, manias/ maniacal: maniacally/ manic: mania, manically, maniclike
USAGE EXAMPLES
There’s more archaeology in the country than archaeologists will ever be able to get to grips with or maniacs will be able to destroy.
The Guardian(Dec 16, 2016)
But he also referred to Mr. Kim as “a maniac,” and Mr. Trump’s selection for national security adviser, retired Lt.
New York Times(Dec 11, 2016)
“Opposition’s bad,” mutters Shodir, a middle-aged man from Samarkand, who dismisses the regime’s foes as “maniacs”.
Economist(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 疯子; 癖好者; 狂人; 躁狂者
adj. 发狂的; 狂热的; 疯狂的
分布：疯子(87%)，躁狂者(9%)，热衷者(4%)
→来自mania的形容词形式，后用做名词，指发狂的人。
noun countable
STRONG INTEREST 强烈兴趣 informal
■a person who has a very strong interest in a particular activity 入迷的人，狂热爱好者
• a football/sex maniac 足球迷／色情狂
['meɪ.ni.æk] noun countable
MENTALLY ILL PERSON 疯子
■a person who behaves in an uncontrolled way, not worrying about risks or danger 疯子；狂人
• Some maniac was running down the street waving a massive metal bar. 有个疯子挥着一根粗粗的金属棒在街上奔跑。
• informal I won't get in the car with Richard - he drives like a maniac! 我不会坐理查的车——他开起车来像个疯子！
['meɪ.ni.æk] noun countable
like a maniac
■If someone works or exercises like a maniac, they work or exercise extremely hard. （工作或锻炼）狂热地，极其努力地
n. 疯子，躁狂者
 - nutcase, madman
adj. 发狂的；狂热的；癫狂的
 - crazy, wild, enthusiastic, nuts

Word: mil
Front: mil
[mɪl] (19799/27035)
Back: n. 千分之一寸; 角位; 毫英寸; 毫寸
分布：毫升(60%)，立方厘米(20%)，千分之一英寸(20%)
n. 毫升；密耳（千分之一寸）
 - milliliter

Word: mushy
Front: mushy
[ˈmʌʃi] (17585/23462)
Vocabulary: mushy
(once / 15552 pages)
adj
You might use the adjective mushy to describe an overripe banana or a tear-jerker of a commercial. Either way, it describes something soft.
Mushy is a good word for talking about something that's doughy or pulpy, whether it's a hunk of modeling clay or your out-of-shape belly. Another way to use mushy is to mean sticky and sentimental, like a mushy love scene in a terrible movie or a mushy greeting card. Either way, the word comes from mush, or porridge, which originated from mash, or "soft mixture."
WORD FAMILY
mushy: mushier, mushiest, mushily, mushiness+/ mush: mushed, musher, mushes, mushing, mushy / musher: mushers
USAGE EXAMPLES
The surface looked mushy late in the game, but that’s normal.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Love was not a mushy or easily dismissed emotion, but was central to the kind of community he envisioned.
Salon(Nov 20, 2016)
Hovering above the stage is a blue figure - nicknamed Mushy by the crew - a virtual version of Ariel, Shakespeare's shape-changing sprite.
BBC(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 糊状的; 感情脆弱的，感伤的
adv. 感伤地
n. 糊状物; 脆弱的感情，感伤
分布：感伤的(43%)，糊状的(36%)，含糊不清的(21%)
→来自mush,糊。
adjective
SOFT 软的
■soft and having no firm shape 烂糊的；软的
• Cook the lentils until they are mushy. 把扁豆煮到烂糊为止。
• disapproving The meat was mushy and tasteless. 这肉稀烂无味。
['mʌʃ.i] adjective
EMOTIONAL 多愁善感的 informal disapproving
■too emotional 多愁善感的，感伤多情的
• I hate those mushy love stories. 我不喜欢那些卿卿我我的爱情故事。
adj. 糊状的；感伤的，多愁善感的
 - melting, sentimental

Word: momentary
Front: momentary
[ˈməʊməntri] (研六 12036/11937 -1)
Vocabulary: momentary
(once / 427 pages)
adj
Something that lasts for a very short time is momentary. A flash of lightning is momentary, since it blazes across the sky for only a second or two.
Use the adjective momentary when you want to describe something brief or fleeting, like a momentary pause in a speech or a momentary flash of insight that pops into your head and disappears. If it lasts just a moment, it's momentary. The root word is the Latin momentarius, "of brief duration," which in turn comes from momentum, "short time, or instant."
WORD FAMILY
momentary: momentarily +/ moment: momentaneous, momentary, momentous, moments/ momentous: momentously, momentousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was the signature play on an unselfish night, providing a momentary reprieve from the uncertainty that Turgeon’s injury-prone team faces.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
The Knicks’ comeback in the fourth quarter was more a momentary fit of competency than the norm.
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Two brief power outages disrupted travelers Sunday evening at Los Angeles International Airport, and officials were investigating what caused the momentary loss of electricity.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 短暂的; 瞬间的; 随时会发生的; 时时刻刻的
分布：短暂的(50%)，瞬间的(34%)，时时刻刻的(10%)，刹那间的(6%)
→来自moment,片刻，瞬间。
US ['moʊ-] adjective
■lasting for a very short time 片刻的，瞬间的；短暂的
• a momentary hesitation 片刻的犹豫
immediate, prompt, momentary, instant
immediate: 目前的，当前的
prompt: （行动）立刻的，迅速的；
momentary: 瞬息间的；
instant: 即刻发生的
transient, temporary, momentary
这组词都有“短暂的，瞬息的”的意思，其区别是：
transient: 指停留或延续的时间很短。
temporary: 普通用词，其反义是permanent。指持续有限的可计时间，着重暂时的存在、应用或效应。
momentary: 指瞬时即逝的，也表明间很短的。
adj. 瞬间的；短暂的；随时会发生的
 - brief, little, passing, transient, instantaneous

Word: munificent
Front: munificent
[mju:ˈnɪfɪsnt] (托 38050/46840)
Vocabulary: munificent
(once / 2673 pages)
adj
If you give your best friend a bracelet for her birthday, then you’re a good friend. If you give her a diamond bracelet, a racehorse, and an oil well, then you’re a munificent friend, meaning you are very lavish when it comes to giving gifts. (And it’s possible you may also be broke.)
If you’re the generous type, you may already know that the word munificent traces back to the Latin word unificus, meaning “generous, bountiful, liberal,” which in turn originated from the word munus, meaning “gift or service.” Put those two concepts together and you have big-time gift giving on a lavish scale. Use the word munificent to describe instances of over-the-top generosity — think Oprah on a gift-giving binge at Christmastime.
WORD FAMILY
munificent: munificence, munificently+/ munificence: munificences
USAGE EXAMPLES
The initial awards for physics, for example, were followed by equally munificent prizes in life sciences and mathematics.
Economist(Dec 04, 2016)
His many munificent mutterings include: the Shadowy Shades of the Seraphim, the Seven Rings of Raggadorr and — who can forget? — the Hoary Hosts of Hoggoth.
New York Times(Oct 27, 2016)
The dictator fancied himself as a munificent overseer of the continent below.
Time(Oct 21, 2016)
Back: adj. （指送礼者）慷慨的，（指礼品）丰厚的
分布：慷慨的(78%)，大方的(22%)
→来自拉丁语munificus,慷慨的，大方的，来自munus,礼物，-fic,做，词源同fact,beneficial.即 送礼物的，准备大礼的。
慷慨的(muni+fic做+ent→做出来给大家→慷慨的)[muni,mun=public,表示"公共的"]
【记】muni公共，fic做，ent一为公共做一慷慨的mu木，ni你，fi飞，cent硬币：你象木头似的飞硬币－慷慨的
adjective formal
■very generous with money 慷慨的，大方的
• A former student has donated a munificent sum of money to the college. 一位校友向这所大学捐赠了一大笔钱。
adj. 慷慨的；丰厚的；宽宏的
 - generous, handsome, liberal

Word: multimillion

Word: outclass
Front: outclass
[ˌaʊtˈklɑ:s] (31094/23309)
Back: v. 比…高一等，大大超过
时态：outclassed, outclassing, outclasses
分布：远胜于(51%)，远高于(33%)，比 ... 更高级(16%)
→out-,超过，class,等级。即超过同一等级，胜于。
US [-'klæs] verb transitive
■to be much better than someone or something （大大）高出，超过，胜过
• The latest 500 cc road bike easily outclasses all the competition. 最新的500cc公路摩托车轻而易举地胜过了所有的竞争对手。

Word: ouagadougou

Word: orthopaedic
Front: orthopaedic
[ˌɔ:θə'pi:dɪk] (18599/15282)
Back: adj. 整形外科的
分布：=orthopedic.(100%)
US [ˌɔ:r.θə-] adjective [before noun] specialized
■relating to orthopaedics 整形的；矫形的
• an orthopaedic surgeon/specialist/hospital 矫形外科医生／专家／医院
■designed to prevent or treat bone injuries 用于矫形的
• an orthopaedic mattress 矫形床垫
• orthopaedic shoes 矫形鞋

Word: novella
Front: novella
[nəˈvelə] (18300/39014)
Vocabulary: novella
(once / 7741 pages)
n
Short novels are called novellas. If you don't want to write a novel, but have more to say than a short story, you could try writing a novella.
You've surely heard of plays, poems, short stories, and novels. But novellas? They're not as well known, but pretty simple: nothing more than short novels. Sometimes novellas are called novelettes, but whatever you call them, you'll probably read a few in English class. Sometimes it's easier to squeeze in a novella than a whole novel, so maybe you could start with Joseph Conrad's "Heart of Darkness" or Franz Kafka's "Metamorphosis."
WORD FAMILY
novella: novellas, novelle
USAGE EXAMPLES
Winner of a World Fantasy Award, this mosaic-like novella relates a half dozen stories about unusual libraries.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
The movie is an adaptation of "Story of Your Life," the Nebula Award-winning novella by author Ted Chiang.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 12, 2016)
To call the 1943 novella “beloved” would qualify as an understatement.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 短篇故事，中篇小说
分布：中篇小说(76%)，短篇故事(24%)
→来自意大利语，即novelette.
US [noʊ-] (plural novellas or novelle)
noun countable
■a short novel 短篇小说
n. 中篇小说；短篇故事
 - nouvelle, short stories

Word: opulence
Front: opulence
['ɒpjələns] (托 21823/21153)
Vocabulary: opulence
(once / 3878 pages)
n
Something with opulence is drenched in wealth and luxury. You'll need gold brocaded curtains, diamond-encrusted watches, and a world-renowned personal chef if you want to add some opulence to your life.
Not surprisingly, the noun opulence comes from the Latin opulentia, meaning “wealthy.” A word that suggests extravagant excess, opulence describes lavish and visibly over-the-top living. Synonyms include abundance, prosperity, and riches. Said the novelist Joseph Conrad, “Protection is the first necessity of opulence and luxury.” Meaning, first secure one’s riches and safety, and then enjoy without a care in the world!
WORD FAMILY
opulence: opulences+/ opulent: opulence, opulently
USAGE EXAMPLES
Every year around Christmas time, I don’t mind the silly displays of opulence and greed, or the flashing red and green abusing my eyes.
Time(Dec 22, 2016)
Solitary confinement, even amid opulence, is solitary torture.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
He was a bad man who tyrannized his own country, exported Communism and lived like a king in the lap of “state-secret” opulence.
Seattle Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 富裕，富饶
分布：富裕(80%)，丰富(20%)
n. 富裕； [经] 丰富
 - abundance, plenty, pregnancy, amplitude, richness

Word: nativism
Front: nativism
['neɪtɪvɪzəm] (28553/-)
Vocabulary: nativism
(once / 66030 pages)
1n 2n
People who oppose immigration because they feel their culture will be lost or blended in with a new one can be said to believe in nativism.
There have been times in history that nativism allowed a culture to survive, particularly Native American Indian tribes. When the dominant group practices nativism, however, the result looks a lot like a hatred or fear of people who look different, speak a different language, and hold different beliefs than the majority of people.
WORD FAMILY
nativism: nativisms, nativist, nativistic+/nativist: nativists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Reaction and nativism are on the rise everywhere.
The Guardian(Dec 27, 2016)
Nationalism, nativism, fundamentalism and identity — these were concepts that belonged in the 20th century.
New York Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Populism and nativism are frequently confused and combined, but they are separate and distinct.
Nature(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 先天论，本土主义
分布：先天论(60%)，天性论(20%)，土著保护政策(20%)

Word: ovum
Front: ovum
[ˈəʊvəm] (35016/27649)
Back: n. <生>卵子，卵细胞
分布：卵(64%)，卵子(30%)，卵形装饰(6%)
→来自拉丁语ovum,卵，词源同egg.
US ['oʊ-] (plural ova) specialized
noun countable
■a reproductive cell produced by a woman or female animal 卵，卵子；卵细胞
• If two ova are fertilized at the same time, the mother will have twins. 如果两个卵子同时受精，母亲就会生出双胞胎。
n. [细胞] [组织] 卵；卵子； [建] 卵形装饰
 - egg, spawn

Word: outspend
Front: outspend
[aʊt'spend] (33204/-)
Back: vt. 花费超过…范围，比（他人）花费多
分布：花费超过 ... 范围(100%)

Word: pampas
Front: pampas
[ˈpæmpəs] (33180/-)
Vocabulary: pampas
(once / 7048 pages)
n
If you travel to Argentina, you may have a chance to visit the pampas, the fertile lowlands that cover part of South America.
This noun is of American Spanish origin and ultimately from Quechua in the central Andes mountains in South America. Argentina is the country that is home to more pampas (treeless, grassy plains) than any other. The pampas may seem rather empty without the occasional gaucho, a cowboy of the pampas, and yet another word of South American Spanish origin.
WORD FAMILY
pampas
USAGE EXAMPLES
In South America, species are expected to migrate from central Argentina in the Pampas, Sierras de Cordoba, and Andes.
The Guardian(Sep 08, 2016)
Paynes Prairie in Gainesville contains grasslands rare in the U.S. that resemble the pampas of Argentina.
Los Angeles Times(Jul 22, 2016)
Laguna Beach considers pampas grass, known for its wiry stalks with feathery white flowers at the tips, an invasive species.
Los Angeles Times(Jun 04, 2016)
Back: n. 南美无树木的大草原
→来自南美土著语pampa,平原，草原，-s,复数后缀。
noun [S or U] [+ sing/pl verb]
■the large flat areas of land covered in grass in parts of South America （南美洲的）大草原
n. 草原；蒲苇（pampa的复数形式）
 - grasslands, leas

Word: patna

Word: pasty
Front: pasty
[ˈpeɪsti] (25359/23308)
Back: n. 肉馅饼
adj. 苍白的
分布：馅饼(52%)，苍白的(32%)，浆糊的(16%)
→来自古法语paste,面团，来自拉丁语pasta,面团，面食。引申词义面食制品。同时，用于形容词指像面团的，面色苍白的。
noun countable /ˈpæs.ti/
■a piece of food made of pastry with a savoury filling such as meat, vegetables or cheese 馅饼
• a cheese-and-onion pasty 起司洋葱馅饼
adjective]ˈpeɪ.sti/ disapproving
■(of someone's face or skin) very pale and unhealthy looking （人的面容或皮肤）苍白的，不健康的
• He's a rather unattractive man with long greasy hair and pasty skin. 他没甚么吸引力，头发长而油腻，肤色苍白。
adj. 苍白的；面糊似的
 - gray, pale, wan
n. 馅饼
 - pie

Word: petite
Front: petite
[pəˈti:t] (11652/15829 -1)
Vocabulary: petite
(once / 3003 pages)
adjn
If something is petite, it's tiny. Your mom might be so petite that she needs to sit on a telephone book when she drives the car.
The adjective petite is used to describe a small woman. When you call someone petite, it's usually meant as a compliment — implying that she is dainty and adorable. Many clothing stores offer petite sizes for women who are short. The word petite is the feminine form of little in French, and sometime in the 1700s it became used frequently in English literature to describe those who are small in stature.
WORD FAMILY
petite: petitely, petiteness, petites
USAGE EXAMPLES
Better to opt for the petite pool, where an inflatable gold swan bobs next to the chic lounge.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
A petite woman with an infectious enthusiasm, she spoke passionately about the lessons she was learning with Swades.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
A big man, Jim fell often and required petite Virginia’s help to get back on his feet.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: adj. <法>（女子）娇小的，柔弱的
n. 小号妇女服装
分布：小号妇女服装(100%)
→来自法语petit,小的，-e,表阴性。引申词义娇小的。
adjective approving
■If a woman or girl is petite, she is small and thin in an attractive way （女子）娇小的
• She was dark and petite, as all his wives had been. 她就像他以前的那些妻子一样，皮肤黑黑的，个子小小的。
■of a clothing size that is for small women （妇女服装）小号的

Word: potty
Front: potty
[ˈpɒti] (21453/16914)
Back: adj. 微不足道的，琐碎的
n. 便壶
分布：着迷的(43%)，愚蠢的(33%)，微小的(16%)，疯癫的(8%)
→来自pot,壶，罐，-y,小词后缀。
US ['pɑ:.tˌi] adjective UK informal
■silly or slightly mad 愚蠢的
• She must have been potty to sell that car so cheaply. 她肯定是傻了，把那辆车那么便宜就卖了。
• I'd go potty if I had to work here all the time. 如果我得一直在这里工作的话，我会变傻的。
be potty about sth/sb
■to like something very much 对…着迷，迷恋
• He's potty about old cars. 他对老车很着迷。
UK ['pɒt.i] US ['pɑ:.tˌi] adjective UK informal
drive sb potty
■to annoy someone a lot 使（某人）非常恼火；使（某人）很烦恼
• The noise from our next-door neighbours is driving us potty. 我们隔壁邻居家传出来的噪音使我们很烦恼。
UK ['pɒt.i] US ['pɑ:.tˌi] noun countable (also pot) mainly UK
■a bowl, sometimes with a handle, which young children sit on and use as a toilet 幼儿用便盆
• Don't forget to sit Jamie on the potty before you take him to the zoo. 带杰米去动物园之前别忘了让他在便盆上个厕所。
adj. 傻气的；微不足道的；着迷的；势利的
 - crazy, bit
n. 便壶；小孩用的拉屎座椅（等于potty chair）；小孩用的厕所（等于pottie）
 - waterpot

Word: peripatetic
Front: peripatetic
[ˌperipəˈtetɪk] (宝 25907/23347)
Vocabulary: peripatetic
(once / 12416 pages)
1adjn 2adj
If you're reading this on a treadmill or while taking a walk, you may know about the peripatetic, or walking, philosopher Aristotle, who taught while strolling with his students. Or, maybe you just like being a peripatetic, a walking wanderer.
Peri- is the Greek word for "around," and peripatetic is an adjective that describes someone who likes to walk or travel around. Peripatetic is also a noun for a person who travels from one place to another or moves around a lot. If you walk in a circle, you are peripatetic, or walking, but you aren’t a peripatetic, or wanderer, unless you actually go somewhere.
WORD FAMILY
peripatetic: peripatetically, peripateticism, peripatetics
USAGE EXAMPLES
And that’s thanks to the efforts of a peripatetic citizen-scientist named Russ George who tried to turn plankton blooms into gold.
Slate(Nov 16, 2016)
It’s a new, peripatetic phase in his life, which he feels blurs his art with politics to advocate against injustice.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 03, 2016)
He was a big, talented, peripatetic TV star, who, at times, was his own worst enemy, too often clashing with management.
New York Times(Oct 23, 2016)
Back: adj. （教师）在多所学校兼课的; 徒步游历的; 漫游的; 巡回的
分布：巡游的(30%)，兼职的(14%)，巡游(14%)，亚里士多德学派的(14%)，巡行者(14%)，亚里士多德信徒(14%)
→来自希腊语peripatein,走动，讲学，授课，来自peri-,在周围，-pat,走动，词源同path,foot.该词原用于形容古希腊哲学家亚里士多德给弟子讲课时，喜欢边走边讲，后引申词义巡回工作的，流动的等。
巡游的(peri周围+pat走+etic)[-etic表形容词"属于…的"]
巡回 走动的(peri来回+pat+etic)[pat=walk(走)]
【源】原指：亚里士多德学派的，即，逍遥派的，他常在古雅典学园中边来回走动边指导问题讨论
【记】peri周围，patet走，ic－巡游的
【反】stationary（adj 固定不动的）；rooted（adj 根深蒂固的）；sedentary（adj 久坐的；不移栖的）
US [-'tetˌ-] formal
adjective
■travelling around to different places, usually because you work in more than one place （通常指因工作而）巡回的，流动的；漫游的
• a peripatetic music teacher 流动的音乐教师
adj. 漫游的；逍遥学派的
 - vagile, wandering

Word: polygamous
Front: polygamous
[pə'lɪɡəməs] (29317/43441)
Vocabulary: polygamous
(once / 14830 pages)
1adj 2adj
Someone who's polygamous has more than one husband or wife. Polygamous societies still exist, but it's more common for most people today to be married to one person at a time.
You can describe someone with seven husbands as polygamous, and you can also use the word to describe an animal with several mates as well as a plant with a particularly varied reproductive system. The Late Greek source is polygamos, "often married," which combines the roots polys, "many," and gamos, "marriage."
WORD FAMILY
polygamous: polygamously+/ polygamist: polygamists/ polygamy: polygamies, polygamist, polygamous
USAGE EXAMPLES
Prosecutors say his sermons were part of a scheme to use the benefits to fund polygamous leaders’ lavish lifestyles.
Washington Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The federal government said in a court filing on Friday evening that it wants the police department that serves two polygamous communities to disband.
Washington Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Members of the polygamous group are accused of diverting food-stamp money to front companies and using it buy a truck and a tractor.
Seattle Times(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 一夫多妻的，一妻多夫的
分布：一夫多妻的(70%)，一妻多夫的(30%)

Word: policewoman
Front: policewoman
[pəˈli:swʊmən] (26303/16690 -1)
Back: n. 女警察; 女警官
分布：女警察(100%)
noun countable
■a female member of a police force 女员警

Word: presumptuous
Front: presumptuous
[prɪˈzʌmptʃuəs] (托 19469/20705)
Vocabulary: presumptuous
(once / 1923 pages)
adj
When someone takes liberties, doing things too boldly, you can describe them with the adjective presumptuous.
Presumptuous comes from the Latin verb praesumere which means to take for granted. It means taking for granted your access to someone or power to do something. It's a very satisfying word and effective word because it belittles someone at the same time as criticizing him. In Shakespeare's "Henry VI," Northumberland calls Warwick "presumptuous and proud" for trying to get rid of the king. It's usually pronounced with all four syllables, pre-ZUMP-choo-us, although pre-ZUMP-chus is acceptable as well.
WORD FAMILY
presumptuous: presumptuously, presumptuousness+/presumable: presumably / presume: presumable, presumed, presumes, presuming, presumption, presumptive / presumption: presumptions, presumptuous / presumptive: presumptively
USAGE EXAMPLES
Jetnil-Kijiner says it’s presumptuous to assume that the islands are doomed.
The Guardian(Dec 06, 2016)
Their eyes were politely surprised, to show that they were not presumptuous, that they had not expected money.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
McCrory campaign spokesman Ricky Diaz countered that Cooper’s side is making “presumptuous statements” at a time when counties have postponed their final tabulations.
Washington Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 自以为是的，专横的，冒失的
adv. 自以为是地，专横地，冒失地
n. 自以为是，专横，冒失
分布：自以为是的(38%)，冒昧的(36%)，放肆的(20%)，自作主张的(6%)
→来自presumption,自以为是，妄自尊大。
【反】humble（adj 卑下的）
US [-'zʌmp.tʃu:.əs] adjective
■A person who is presumptuous shows little respect for others by doing things they have no right to do 冒昧的，专横的
• It would be presumptuous of me to comment on the matter. 我如果对这件事发表评论会很冒昧。
adj. 专横的；放肆的；冒昧的
 - imperious, masterful

Word: puberty
Front: puberty
[ˈpju:bəti] (宝 12576/15919 -1)
Vocabulary: puberty
(once / 4119 pages)
n
Puberty is a time of life when your sex organs start working like an adult's. During puberty, girls and boys start to become women and men.
One of the most difficult yet exciting times in life has to be puberty: it's an awkward period between childhood and adulthood when your body rapidly changes. You go through a growth spurt, hair sprouts in new places. Your sex organs start to work for the first time. Hormones are coursing through your veins. Your voice may change. So when you think of puberty, think "awkward stage."
WORD FAMILY
puberty: prepuberty, pubertal+/prepuberty: prepubertal
USAGE EXAMPLES
I thought I was trying to manage my weight, but what I was trying to manage was puberty.
Salon(Jan 01, 2017)
Many believe that their Islamic religion instructs fathers to marry off their daughters at puberty.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
There is a very sacred puberty ceremony, for example, of adolescent girls running in different directions to pay respect to nature.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 青春期，春情发动期; 开花期; 发身
分布：春情发动期(100%)
→来自拉丁语pubes的所有格形式pubertis,长大的，成年的，有男子汉气概的，-y,名词后缀。引申词义青春期。
【记】puber成年的，ty－进入成年的－青春期源于：liberty（n 自由）puberty的人都想liberty
US [-bɚ.tˌi] noun uncountable
■the stage in a person's life when they develop from a child into an adult because of changes in their body that make them able to have children 青春期
• At puberty, pubic hair develops and girls begin to menstruate. 青春期时，阴毛开始生长，女孩开始月经来潮。
n. [生理] 青春期；开花期
 - adolescence, youthhood

Word: racketeer
Front: racketeer
[ˌrækəˈtɪə(r)] (宝 31532/40586)
Vocabulary: racketeer
(once / 7086 pages)
nv
A racketeer is a criminal, especially one who's involved in organized white collar crime or dishonest business dealings. If a lawyer embezzles money from her clients, she is a racketeer.
Racketeers commit crimes in order to make money for themselves. In many cases, a racketeer is a business owner or professional who falsifies financial records to hide income or bills clients for more than they owe. A racket is a scam or fake service that's run by a racketeer — and the crime itself, if the racketeer is caught, is called racketeering. The source of all three words is thought to be racquet, and the idea of a scam as a "game."
WORD FAMILY
racketeer: racketeered, racketeering, racketeers+/ racket: racketed, racketeer, racketing, rackets, racketted, racketting, rackety/rackety: racketiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Cole entered a guilty plea under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Jurors are discussing three months of evidence in the racketeering conspiracy trial of six alleged Hobos leaders.
Seattle Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Gregory “Bowlegs” Chester and five co-defendants are charged with racketeering that prosecutors say included murders.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 干非法勾当者，骗子
时态：racketeered, racketeering, racketeers
分布：敲诈者(80%)，获取不正当钱财的人(20%)
→来自 racket,诈骗。
【记】racket（n 球拍），eer人：用球拍把人的钱拍出来的人－敲诈者
n. 骗子； [法] 敲诈者
 - fraud, sharp
vi. 敲诈
 - shark up, black mail

Word: radiotherapy
Front: radiotherapy
[ˌreɪdiəʊˈθerəpi] (20379/17680)
Back: n. 放射疗法
分布：放射线疗法(100%)
→radio-,放射的，therapy,治疗。
US [-oʊ-] noun uncountable
■the use of controlled amounts of radiation (= a form of energy) aimed at a particular part of the body, to treat disease 放射治疗
n. [特医] 放射疗法
 - radiation treatment

Word: reappearance
Front: reappearance
[ˌri:ə'pɪərəns] (23890/19888)
Back: n. 再现
分布：再现(91%)，再发(9%)
n. 再现
 - resurgence

Word: rampart
Front: rampart
[ˈræmpɑ:t] (宝 19772/16375)
Vocabulary: rampart
(once / 937 pages)
n
If you are building a sand castle and want it to be extra realistic, don’t forget the rampart. This protective wall may not keep the ocean away, but it might intimidate a few hostile hermit crabs.
This noun is derived from the French verb remparer, meaning “to fortify,” and dates back to the 16th century. This usually refers to a large defensive wall surrounding a castle, but can be a barrier built along a road or an embankment constructed alongside a river. This word is famously used in the lyrics of "The Star-Spangled Banner," the national anthem of the United States: “O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming...”
WORD FAMILY
rampart: ramparts
USAGE EXAMPLES
The event will be rounded off with a fireworks display from the ramparts of Edinburgh Castle.
BBC(Dec 29, 2016)
Or do what the locals do, and grab a six-pack and sit at the edge of the ramparts for the best views in the city.
Seattle Times(Dec 23, 2016)
But its ramparts, now home to an army barracks, also guarded one of the region’s most holy Hindu temples.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. （城堡等周围宽阔的）防御土墙; 防御，保护
分布：垒(40%)，壁垒(29%)，城墙(26%)，防御(5%)
→来自古法语 rempart,城堡矮墙，来自 re-,再次，em-,进入，使，-par,准备，词源同 prepare,parry.
【记】ram羊，part读：怕他，羊怕防御土墙，因为犄角没有它坚固。
US [-pɑ:rt] noun countable usually plural
■a large wall built round a town, castle, etc. to protect it （城市、城堡等周围的）防御土墙，壁垒
n. 壁垒；垒；防御土墙
 - base, vallum
vt. 用壁垒围绕；防卫
 - protect, defend against

Word: reinterpret
Front: reinterpret
[ˌri:ɪnˈtɜ:prɪt] (24936/34548)
Vocabulary: reinterpret
(once / 24675 pages)
v
If you re-examined the meaning of something and found something new or different, you reinterpreted it. You thought that when Brian said, "I love you," he meant as a friend, but you may want to reinterpret the meaning of those words since he bought you a diamond ring.
The verb reinterpret also means to re-explain or interpret from a different point of view. Each year, historians try to reinterpret the primary source material in historical cases. For example, in 1892, Lizzie Borden's father and step-mother were killed with an ax. Lizzie was acquitted. Did she commit the crime? Well, historians examine and reexamine the evidence and interpret it and reinterpret it. Some think she did it and some think she was innocent. We may never know.
WORD FAMILY
reinterpret: reinterpretation, reinterpreted, reinterpreting, reinterprets+/ interpret: interpretable, interpretation, interpretative, interpreted, interpreter, interpreting, interpretive, interprets, misinterpret, reinterpret / interpretation: interpretations/ interpretative: interpretatively/ interpreter: interpreters/interpreting: interpretings/ misinterpret: misinterpretation, misinterpreted, misinterpreting, misinterprets/ misinterpretation: misinterpretations/ reinterpretation: reinterpretations
USAGE EXAMPLES
His second signing statement, issued March 11, identified five parts of a spending bill that he said he would reinterpret to his liking.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Here are some of your stories about reconciling, reclaiming and reinterpreting racist objects.
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
China wielded broader power over Hong Kong after reinterpreting the Basic Law, a kind of mini-constitution agreed before the handover.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: vt. 重新解释
时态：reinterpreted, reinterpreting, reinterprets
分布：重新解释(100%)

Word: riser
Front: riser
[ˈraɪzə(r)] (17784/24825)
Back: n. 起床者，起义者，叛乱者
分布：冒口(56%)，竖板(18%)，起义者(13%)，起床者(13%)
→来自 rise,立起，-er,表物。比喻用法。
US [-zɚ] noun
PERSON 人
early/late riser
■a person who usually gets out of bed early/late in the morning 起床早／晚的人
UK ['raɪ.zər] US [-zɚ] noun
STEP 踏板
countable specialized
■the vertical part of a step 楼梯踏步立板
risers [plural] US
■a group of steps on which people sit or stand to see or be seen better （台阶式的）看台
n. 起床者；起义者；竖板；叛徒
 - rat, insurrectionist

Word: reprogram
Front: reprogram
[rɪ'prəʊgræm] (21557/38045)
Back: v. 改编，程序重调
分布：改编 ... 的编码指令序列(50%)，为 ... 重编程序(50%)

Word: rooster
Front: rooster
[ˈru:stə(r)] (高六托 11564/35410)
Vocabulary: rooster
(once / 2651 pages)
n
A rooster is a male chicken. If your cute baby chick grows up to crow loudly first thing every morning, he's probably a rooster.
The word rooster is an American invention, inspired by the rooster's habit of roosting, or standing up on a perch while sleeping or while on the lookout for danger. In the UK, a rooster is more likely to be called a cock or cockerel. In a flock of birds, the rooster's job is to defend the chickens and their nests from predators and other roosters.
WORD FAMILY
rooster: roosters+/ roost: roosted, rooster, roosting, roosts
USAGE EXAMPLES
In Chinese culture, this will be the year of the rooster.
Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017)
As the Year of the Rooster approaches in China, a 23-foot-tall statue of one was installed in the northern Chinese city of Taiyuan.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
They appeared on a giant rooster statue, just above some three-toed feet and a blood-red wattle that hangs below a gilded nose and mouth.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. 公鸡; [美]狂妄自负的人，好斗者
分布：公鸡(88%)，狂妄自负的人(8%)，雄禽(4%)
→来自 roost,栖息，-er,表物。后用于委婉语代指 cock,公鸡，因该词赋予了过多的粗俗俚语义。
US [-stɚ] noun countable US for cock (BIRD)
n. [禽] 公鸡；狂妄自负的人
 - coq, chanticleer

Word: rouser
Front: rouser
['raʊzə] (43358/-)
Back: n. 唤醒者，激励者
分布：唤醒者(60%)，激励者(40%)
n. 激励者；唤醒者
 - actuator, inspirator

Word: reminiscence
Front: reminiscence
[ˌremɪˈnɪsns] (17145/11711 -1)
Vocabulary: reminiscence
(once / 852 pages)
n
A reminiscence is a memory, or the act of recovering it. A visit to your old elementary school may flood your brain with reminiscences––things you hadn't thought of in years coming suddenly back.
Many people find that when they travel or have quiet time to think, their brain becomes occupied with reminiscence. You can see how close the word reminiscence is in meaning to the word remember––you might think of the word reminiscence as a remembering.
WORD FAMILY
reminiscence: reminiscences+/ reminisce: reminisced, reminiscence, reminiscent, reminisces, reminiscing/ reminiscent: reminiscently
USAGE EXAMPLES
People began to arrive, and the reminiscences flowed over soft Hawaiian music on the hi-fi.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
The whole thing is more like the compulsive re-enactment of a trauma than the inscription of a fond reminiscence.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
The book includes reminiscences about her crush on co-star Harrison Ford and other behind-the-scenes doings.
Time(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: n. 旧事，回忆; 回忆录
分布：回忆(78%)，回想(13%)，记忆力(9%)
[ˌrem.ɪ'nɪs.ənts] formal
noun
uncountable
■the act of remembering events and experiences from the past 追忆往事；追忆；怀旧
reminiscences [plural]
■Your reminiscences are the experiences you remember from the past, often written in a book 回忆录；想起的往事
• The novel contains endless reminiscences of/about the author's youth. 作者在这部小说中没完没了地叙述了对自己年轻时光的回忆。
n. 回忆；怀旧；引起联想的相似事物
 - memory, recall

Word: sala
Front: sala
[ˈsɑ:ˈlɑ:] (-/39073)
Back: n. 大厅，起居室，接待室; 娑罗树
分布：撒拉族(45%)，大厅(28%)，接待室(9%)，起居室(9%)，撒拉族人(9%)
n. 大厅
 - lobby, salle

Word: slavish
Front: slavish
[ˈsleɪvɪʃ] (托 28912/32864)
Back: adj. 奴隶似的，奴性的; 没有独创性的
分布：盲从的(43%)，奴隶的(35%)，效仿的(11%)，奴隶性的(11%)
→slave,贩卖奴隶，-ish,形容词后缀。引申比喻义奴性的，盲从的。
disapproving
adjective
■obeying completely and having no original thoughts or ideas 唯命是从的，盲从的
• a slavish devotion to duty 盲目忠于职守
• a slavish translation 刻板的翻译
adj. 奴隶的；奴性的；卑屈的；盲从的
 - servile, implicit

Word: seamstress
Front: seamstress
[ˈsi:mstrəs] (18034/33212)
Vocabulary: seamstress
(once / 5677 pages)
n
A seamstress is a person whose job involves sewing clothing. You could be a seamstress if you hem your own pants, but most seamstresses work in factories sewing garments using sewing machines.
Traditionally, a seamstress was a woman who sewed seams in clothes using a machine, or occasionally by hand. Seamstresses weren't considered as skilled as a dressmaker, who makes custom clothing, or a tailor, who alters clothes to fit a specific person. Each of these titles is a distinct job, but they are commonly used interchangeably. Some people use the newer, unisex term sewist instead of seamstress.
WORD FAMILY
seamstress: seamstresses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Seamstresses also worked overtime, devoting 300 hours to Lily Donaldson’s outfit, hand set with more than 2,500 stones.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
His mother supported the family as a seamstress.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 25, 2016)
Can factories full of professional seamstresses and tailors not handle a pattern that includes a pocket?
BBC(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 女裁缝，做针线活的妇女
分布：女裁缝(100%)
→来自古英语 seamestre,女裁缝，来自 seam,裁缝，-ster,表阴性，词源同 spinster.后该词性别指 示逐渐消失，为避免歧义，又附加后缀-ess,表阴性。
女裁缝(seamster裁缝;seam衣服上的缝)[-ress 1.表名词,指"女性"2.表名词,指"物品"]
【记】seam（n /v 缝），stress女一缝衣服的女人
['si:m.strəs] ['sem-] old-fashioned
noun countable
■a woman whose job is sewing and making clothes 女裁缝
n. 女裁缝师；做针线活的妇女
 - couturier

Word: shogun
Front: shogun
[ˈʃəʊgən] (36989/30066)
Back: n. <日>幕府时代的将军

Word: sash
Front: sash
[sæʃ] (宝 14607/15168)
Back: n. 腰带，肩带
分布：腰带(48%)，饰带(18%)，窗框(16%)，肩带(9%)，系上腰带(5%)，装以窗框(4%)
→来自阿拉伯语 shash,布带。引申诸相关词义。sash 窗格，窗框
【记】s死，ash灰：死在炮灰里面的军人应该授予sash。
noun countable
CLOTHING 服装
■a long narrow piece of cloth worn round the waist and fastened at the back, or a strip of cloth worn over the shoulder, which is often worn with a uniform at official ceremonies 腰带；饰带；肩带；绶带
[sæʃ] noun countable
WINDOW 窗
■a frame with a piece of glass in it which is used to make windows and doors （门窗上镶玻璃的）窗框
n. 腰带；肩带； [服装] 饰带；框格
 - hip girdle, waist belt

Word: starlight
Front: starlight
[ˈstɑ:laɪt] (16180/23953)
Back: n. 星光
分布：星光(100%)
US ['stɑ:r-] noun uncountable
■the light produced by stars 星光

Word: solder
Front: solder
[ˈsəʊldə(r)] (托宝 24452/24210)
Vocabulary: solder
(once / 3547 pages)
vn
If you want to be a metalsmith you’ll have to become familiar with solder, which is the substance you use to fuse two metal surfaces.
The word solder traces back to the Latin word solidare, meaning “to make solid.” That’s what you use solder for: to make something solid. In this case you are joining two metal surfaces so they appear as one solid piece. The word also has a verb form, also solder, to describe the act of joining the metal pieces. You might use solder, for example, to solder a metal piece on a computer's motherboard.
WORD FAMILY
solder: soldered, solderer, soldering, solders, unsolder+/soldering: solderings/unsolder: unsoldered, unsoldering, unsolders
USAGE EXAMPLES
“That’s instead of a bunch of guys sitting here with soldering irons and capacitors and resistors using that old trial and error approach.”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
“It’s better this way,” Iraqi special forces solder Omar Zeidan said of the the decision not to bury the dead.
Seattle Times(Dec 19, 2016)
“They bring a lot of challenges,” Patriots left tackle Nate Solder said.
Washington Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: n. 焊料，焊锡
vt. & vi. （使）焊接，焊合
时态：soldered, soldering, solders
分布：焊接(94%)，接合物(4%)，焊接剂(2%)
→来自古法语 solder,连接，焊接，使成整体，来自拉丁语 solidare,使成整体，词源同 solid,完整 的，整个的。
【记】源于：solid（n 固体；adj 固体的；坚固的）由solder形成。Soldier（n 士兵）solder自己的枪。
【反】breach（n /v 断裂；违背）
US ['sɑ:.dɚ] noun uncountable
■a soft metal that is melted in order to join together pieces of metal so that they stick together when it cools and becomes hard again 焊锡，焊料
UK ['səʊl.dər] US ['sɑ:.dɚ] verb intransitive or transitive
■to join pieces of metal together using solder 焊接
vt. 焊接；使联接在一起
 - weld
n. [机] 焊料；接合物
 - filler metal, jointer

Word: smorgasbord
Front: smorgasbord
[ˈsmɔ:gəsbɔ:d] (20789/-)
Vocabulary: smorgasbord
(once / 53482 pages)
n
A smorgasbord is an assortment of different things — a magazine might feature a smorgasbord of stories on a wide variety of subjects.
Use the noun smorgasbord when you're talking about a selection of things, like a fabulous breakfast buffet, a long list of college classes you could take, or a motley group of camping companions. In Swedish, a smörgåsbord is a table full of different sandwich offerings. It literally means "butter goose table," from smörgås, which alternately means "bread and butter," and "bread and goose," plus bord, or "table."
WORD FAMILY
smorgasbord: smorgasbords
USAGE EXAMPLES
There is no easy way to sum up the rich smorgasbord that was culture in 2016.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Indeed, Parsi surnames provide a veritable smorgasbord of edible associations.
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
The breathtaking smorgasbord of tax-and-spend ideas Inslee unveiled last week outlines some interesting proposals as the Legislature begins crafting a reasonable and sustainable solution.
Seattle Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 自助餐; 大杂烩
分布：瑞式自助餐(100%)
→来自瑞典语 smorgasbord,自助餐，来自 smorgas,三明治，黄油面包，字面意思为抹黄油的鹅 肉，来自 smor,黄油，词源同 smear,gas,鹅，词源同 goose,代指三明治面包，bord,板，桌子， 词源同 board.
US ['smɔ:r.gəs.bɔ:rd] noun
countable
■a mixture of many different hot and cold Scandinavian dishes which are arranged so that you can serve yourself （包含不同热菜和冷菜的）斯堪的纳维亚式自助餐
countable usually singular
■many different types of something 很多，大量
• a smorgasbord of choices 很多选择
n. 瑞典式自助餐（餐前冷菜及冷菜宴会）；大杂烩
 - salmagundi, potpourri

Word: statehouse

Word: subliminal
Front: subliminal
[ˌsʌbˈlɪmɪnl] (宝 19571/23916)
Vocabulary: subliminal
(once / 15573 pages)
adj
Each of your five senses constantly sends new information to your brain. And there’s another way your brain receives information: through subliminal messages. The unconscious mind picks up on things you don’t even realize.
Faint humming might make you irritated. Red lights can raise your blood temperature. Usually, subliminal methods are used to control people, like flashing words quickly during a television program. If you’re worried, there’s not much you can do, because subliminal literally means “below the threshold” or surface of your conscious mind, and you probably will never even notice that you’re being controlled. Try reading only the capital letters of this definition for an example of a subliminal message.
WORD FAMILY
subliminal: subliminally
USAGE EXAMPLES
One edge of the knife-blade-shaped hotel tower is aligned with the Mall, too far away to be anything but a subliminal reference.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
That’s an athletic jump from the subtle to the stark, from the subliminal to the egregious.
Time(Nov 29, 2016)
At the same time, they are flooded with messages — and not even subliminal ones — that tell them that white is beautiful.
New York Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: adj. <心>阈下的，潜意识的; 太弱或太快以至于难以觉察的
分布：潜意识的(50%)，下意识的(50%)
→sub-,在下，-lim,门槛，界线，词源同 limit. 即界线下的，引申词义下意识的，潜意识的。
潜意识的(sub+limin门槛＋al→在门槛下→在意识之下→潜意识的)[sub-①表示"在下面,次一等,副手"②表示"接近,靠近"]
潜意识的(sub下面+limin+al→在门槛下→在意识下→潜意识的)[limin,lim=threshold,表示"门槛,限制"]
adjective
■not recognized or understood by the conscious mind, but still having an influence on it 下意识的，潜意识的
• The Prime Minister was interviewed in front of a factory to give the subliminal message that he was a man of the people. 首相在一家工厂前接受采访，暗示自己和老百姓打成一片。
■describes advertising that uses indirect ways of influencing people to be attracted to a product, such as using a picture of a farm to advertise food to suggest that it is fresh （广告）隐性的
adj. [生理] 阈下的；潜在意识的；微小得难以察觉的
 - subthreshold
n. 潜意识；阈下意识
 - subconsciousness

Word: tester
Front: tester
[ˈtestə(r)] (7037/16490 -1)
Back: n. 测试员; 检测器; 华盖
分布：测试器(46%)，测试员(40%)，华盖(10%)，试用装(4%)
US [-tɚ] noun countable
■a person or a machine which tests something 测试员；试验员；测试器，测试仪
■a small container of a product which you can try in order to see if you like it 小包装试用品，试用装
n. 天盖； [电] 检验器； [试验] 试验员
 - baldaquin

Word: supplemental
Front: supplemental
[ˌsʌplɪ'mentl] (10279/28409)
Vocabulary: supplemental
(once / 7736 pages)
adj
You can use the adjective supplemental to describe something extra. You could volunteer to donate your collection of markers and colored pencils to a local school that needs supplemental art supplies.
Something that's supplemental is added when there's a lack or deficiency. You might feed the runt from a litter of puppies supplemental milk because he can't get enough from his mother. Teachers are famous for assigning supplemental reading to round out the information in a textbook. Supplemental comes from the Latin supplementum, "added to supply a deficiency."
WORD FAMILY
supplement: supplemental, supplementary, supplementation, supplemented, supplementing, supplements+/ supplementary: supplementarily
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Bureau of Land Management called for either a revised or supplemental statement.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
They’re supplemental material, the additional texts you need to read to truly be a fan of the show.
Slate(Dec 21, 2016)
In a statement Monday, Abbott said the money was awarded as part of supplemental Zika funding approved by Congress to increase preparedness and response efforts.
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: adj. 补足的，追加的
分布：补充的(60%)，增补的(29%)，不定期的(11%)
ADJ
同supplementary
Supplemental means the same as supplementary .
例：You'll probably be able to buy supplemental insurance at an extra cost...再额外多付一些钱的话，你或许就能买到附加险。
例：Large supplemental doses of vitamin E can slightly raise blood pressure.大剂量补充维生素E可能会造成血压偏高。
adj. 补充的（等于supplementary）；追加的
 - complementary, adscititious

Word: suborbital
Front: suborbital
[sʌ'bɔ:bətl] (31269/-)
Back: adj. 眼眶下的

Word: swindler
Front: swindler
['swɪndlə(r)] (27354/36401)
Vocabulary: swindler
(once / 3833 pages)
n
If you know someone is a swindler, stay away from him. Swindlers are scammers who con people to make a buck.
Unfortunately, there are many types of people in the world who will try to get your money. Somewhere between a used car salesman and an outright thief is a swindler — someone who lies to get your money, sometimes by suggesting you invest in something phony. Many people on the Internet asking for money are swindlers, and if anyone tries to sell you a bridge, that's likely another swindler. Swindlers are also called grifters, scammers, and con artists. The last person in the world you should give money to is a swindler.
WORD FAMILY
swindler: swindlers+/ swindle: swindled, swindler, swindles, swindling
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Trump’s unwise confrontation with China demonstrated his swindler mentality,” posted another.
Time(Dec 06, 2016)
What to Dothan with all the out of work swindlers?
New York Times(Oct 24, 2016)
The fact that the swindlers on Wall Street who engineered the disaster escaped with their millions, unindicted and unpunished, was a twist of the knife.
Washington Times(Sep 17, 2016)
Back: n. 骗子
分布：骗子(100%)
n. [法] 骗子
 - fraud, sharp, bilker, confidence man, cajoler

Word: subjugation
Front: subjugation
[ˌsʌbdʒʊ'ɡeɪʃn] (托 20410/23063)
Vocabulary: subjugation
(once / 3826 pages)
n
Subjugation is like oppression or conquest: one group takes control over another and forces them to do as they're told.
Subjugation is one of many types of injustice in the world. It has to do with one group of people dominating another group by taking away their freedom. When slavery was legal in the U.S., that was a clear-cut case of subjugation: African-Americans were forced to live without rights, under the control of their white owners. To remember this word, think of its Latin root subjugat, which means "brought under a yoke."
WORD FAMILY
subjugation: subjugations+/ subjugate: subjugable, subjugated, subjugates, subjugating, subjugation, subjugator/subjugator: subjugators
USAGE EXAMPLES
There is no middle ground between equality and racism, or women’s humanity and women’s subjugation.
The Guardian(Dec 13, 2016)
This economic subjugation allowed white Southerners and the white supremacist state to reassert their control over life in the South.
Salon(Dec 13, 2016)
There were scenes of joy and humor, but also strife and subjugation.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 镇压，平息，征服
分布：征服(55%)，镇压(26%)，克制(19%)
n. 征服；镇压；克制
 - restraint, conquest

Word: tosh
Front: tosh
[tɒʃ] (-/27160)
Back: n. 废话，胡说
分布：胡说(51%)，梦话(37%)，缓球(12%)
→词源不详，可能来自口语 nonsense,tsk tsk!
US [tɑ:ʃ] old-fashioned informal
noun uncountable
■nonsense 胡说
• It's just a lot of tosh. 那不过是一派胡言。
n. 胡说；梦话；废话
 - bullshit, kibosh

Word: textual
Front: textual
[ˈtekstʃuəl] (9231/10731)
Vocabulary: textual
(once / 10844 pages)
adj
Anything textual has to do with writing. A textual analysis, comparison, or interpretation, has something to do with what is in a particular piece of writing (or text).
Textual comes from the Latin word textualis, the adjective form of textus, ("text"). If you see the word, it is always related to some written material. This word is most commonly used in the study of religion, literature, philosophy, or the law — any field requiring the careful examination of various texts. A textual tattoo is one that features writing instead of an image.
WORD FAMILY
textual: textually+/ text: texts, textual
USAGE EXAMPLES
There are some musical and textual differences, especially the last three, four pages.
New York Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Falstaff’s intricate wit is perhaps better suited to the kind of textual explication Sher specializes in.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
It’s America’s paper trail, wide open for anyone to see, textual government transparency in action.
Washington Post(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 正文的，版本的，原文的
分布：本文的(66%)，原文的(34%)
→来自 text,文本，篇章，-al,形容词后缀。
US [-tʃu-] adjective
■relating to written or printed material 文本的；原文的；正文的
■related to the way in which something has been written 文本结构的
• textual analysis 文本分析

Word: truancy
Front: truancy
[ˈtru:ənsi] (宝 23712/17536)
Vocabulary: truancy
(once / 34160 pages)
n
If you pretend you're sick to stay home from school and then sneak out to a baseball game, that's truancy, meaning it’s an unauthorized absence.
In Middle English, truant — the root of truancy — referred to a vagabond or an idler. That meaning still holds true: if you’re accused of truancy, some may say you’re a vagabond or an idler — meaning you’re shirking your duties. Truancy can refer to any absence without permission, but it often refers to being absent from school. If you stay home from school without good reason, you might be hauled into the principal’s office to explain your truancy.
WORD FAMILY
truancy: truancies+/ truant: truancy, truantly, truants
USAGE EXAMPLES
That included truancy and the occasional theft and no concerns about securing money in illicit ways.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
His mother scolded him for his truancy, but it was not enough to improve his attendance.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Sandoval cited Jones’ work as a court-ordered mediator and arbitrator with experience working with at-risk youth as a Family Court truancy diversion judge.
Washington Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 逃避责任; 玩忽职守; 逃学; 旷课
分布：旷课(43%)，逃学(40%)，玩忽职守(17%)
→来自 truant,逃学者，-ancy,名词后缀。
['tru:.ənt.si/ (UK also truanting)
noun uncountable
■the problem or situation of children being absent from school regularly without permission; when children play truant 翘课，旷课（小孩经常未经许可而缺席课堂的问题或情况）
• My daughter's school has very good exam results and hardly any truancy. 我女儿所在的学校考试成绩很好，几乎没有逃学的。
• Truanting was a serious problem in a fifth of the schools surveyed. 在1／5被调查的学校中，逃学是一个严重问题。
n. 旷课，逃学；玩忽职守
 - malpractice, absenteeism

Word: undertone
Front: undertone
[ˈʌndətəʊn] (18524/18589)
Back: n. 低调; 低声地; 淡色; 潜在的感情
分布：低音(46%)，底色(25%)，浅色(22%)，潜在的含义(7%)
US [-dɚ.toʊn] noun
CHARACTERISTIC 特征
countable
■a particular but not obvious characteristic that a piece of writing or speech, an event or a situation has （文章或讲话的）含意，弦外之音；（事件或情况的）蕴含意义
• I thought her speech had slightly sinister undertones. 我认为她的话里有点儿不祥的意味。
• It was a comedy act with an undertone of cruelty. 这是一个有点儿残忍的喜剧节目。
UK ['ʌn.də.təʊn] US [-dɚ.toʊn] noun
QUIET VOICE 轻声
in an undertone
■in a very quiet voice 轻声地，低声地
• Freddie muttered something to me in an undertone. 弗雷迪轻声向我嘀咕了些甚么。
n. 低音；浅色；小声；潜在的含意
 - bourdon

Word: ulan

Word: tweedy
Front: tweedy
[ˈtwi:di] (30868/40559)
Back: adj. 粗花呢制的，爱穿粗花呢服装的
分布：爱穿粗花呢服装的(34%)，衣着随便的(33%)，粗花呢制的(33%)
adjective
■of or like tweed 粗花呢的，似粗花呢的
• a tweedy sports jacket 花呢运动短上装
■describes the life of rich people with homes in the countryside and an interest in sports like hunting （乡绅）喜好户外活动的；乡绅生活的
• We met a tweedy man walking a couple of dogs. 我们遇到一个在遛几条狗的乡绅。
adj. 松散悠闲的；穿花呢服的；男子气概的；好游乐的
 - masculine

Word: turbofan
Front: turbofan
['tɜ:bəʊfæn] (40292/-)
Back: n. <空>涡轮风扇喷气发动机; 涡轮风扇喷气式飞机
分布：名词(100%)
US ['tɜ:.boʊ-] noun countable
■a turbine used as an engine, especially for an aircraft, which provides some force for movement from the gas that it pushes out, and some by turning a large special wheel with blades which also pushes air out, or an aircraft driven by this type of engine 涡轮风扇引擎，内外函喷气引擎；涡轮风扇式飞机

Word: underserved
Front: underserved
[ʌndə'sɜ:vd] (18614/-)
Back: adj. 服务不周到的，服务水平低下的
分布：服务不周到的(100%)

Word: uncommitted
Front: uncommitted
[ˌʌnkəˈmɪtɪd] (宝 23244/21332)
Back: adj. 不受（某政策、做法、团体等）约束的; 未做承诺的; 未遂的; 未被监禁的
分布：不受约束的(38%)，未被监禁的(21%)，自由的(21%)，不承担责任的(10%)，未承诺的(10%)
不承担责任的(un+committed担责任的)[un-①表示"不,无,非,没有"②表示"打开,解开,弄出"]
【记】un不，committed（adj 效忠的；敬业的）：不承担义务的
US [-'mɪ-] adjective
■having made no promise to support any particular group, plan, belief or action 未表态的；未承诺的
• Twenty-five senators have admitted they are still uncommitted on the taxation question. 有25位参议员承认他们还未就税收问题表明立场。
adj. 不受约束的；（犯罪）未遂的；未被监禁的；自由的；不负义务的
 - independent, free

Word: undisciplined
Front: undisciplined
[ˌʌnˈdɪsəplɪnd] (21011/20507)
Back: adj. 无训练的; 训练不足的; 无修养的; 任性的
分布：无修养的(25%)，未受过训练的(25%)，难控制的(25%)，不遵守纪律的(25%)

Word: unwary
Front: unwary
[ʌnˈweəri] (23762/18817)
Vocabulary: unwary
(once / 4291 pages)
adj
Someone who's unwary isn't careful — in fact, an unwary person might be a little bit reckless. When your unwary cousin travels to China, he might end up being overcharged for a rickshaw ride.
When you don't know the potential dangers or challenges that lie in front of you, you're unwary. While unwary people aren't overly suspicious or cautious, they run the risk of being taken advantage of or even getting hurt. To be wary is to be very watchful or cautious — it comes from the Old English root wær, "prudent, aware, or alert," and unwary combines it with un, or "not."
WORD FAMILY
unwary: unwarily, unwariness+/unwariness: unwarinesses/ wary: unwary, warier, wariest, warily, wariness
USAGE EXAMPLES
In fact the play, focused as it is on nothing but talk, is so intrinsically theatrical that the material lays traps for the unwary.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Looming icebergs can fatally wound an unwary or unarmored vessel.
Slate(Nov 16, 2016)
At the Caracas airport, unwary travellers are robbed, and worse, by taxi-drivers.
The New Yorker(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 不注意的; 粗心的; 不警惕的; 易受骗的
分布：不小心的(80%)，疏忽的(20%)
US [-'wer.i] adjective
■not conscious of or careful about possible risks and dangers 不警惕的，不警觉的；不设防的
• Meanwhile, the cowboy trader is free to carry on ripping off unwary customers. 同时，那些不法商贩肆无忌惮地敲诈缺乏警惕性的顾客。
• A range of tax and technical issues can trip up the unwary (= unwary people). 一系列的税务和技术问题会使粗心大意的人出错。
adj. 粗心的；不警惕的；不谨慎的
 - careless, sloppy

Word: valet
Front: valet
[ˈvæleɪ] (13435/22245)
Vocabulary: valet
(once / 872 pages)
nv
A valet is like a butler: a servant who attends to his employer's needs.
A valet is a personal attendant to his employer, who might run errands, clean, cook, drive, or perform other tasks as needed. A valet works very closely with his employer and might even live on the premises. If you go to a fancy restaurant or hotel, you might have a valet park your car — but don't expect him to do your laundry!
WORD FAMILY
valet: valeted, valeting, valets
USAGE EXAMPLES
Amenities include a stroller valet, moon bounces, face painters, roaming stilt walkers and magicians, crafting stations and much more.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Police say they found 25-year-old Xavier Smith of New York shot near valet parking at Tropicana Hotel and Casino early Sunday.
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
VIP visitors access it from a valet parking porte-cochere at one end, while “self-park” visitors enter through the elevators at the opposite end.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 男子的贴身男仆; （旅馆中洗熨衣服的）侍者; 伺候客人停车、用车的人; 衣帽架
vt. 做贴身男仆; 为…管理衣物，替…洗熨衣服
vi. 伺候，服侍; 清洗（汽车）
时态：valeted, valeting, valets
分布：贴身男仆(100%)
→来自古法语vaslet,仆人，字母s脱落，来自拉丁语vassus,仆人，封臣，词源同vassal, varlet,引申词义代客泊车，代驾。
US [vəˈleɪ/
■someone in a hotel who cleans clothes （饭店中）清洗衣物的服务员
■US
■someone at a hotel or restaurant who puts your car in a parking space for you （饭店或餐厅的）代客泊车者
■the personal male servant of a rich man, especially in the past （尤指旧时富人的）贴身男仆
verb transitive UK [ˈvæl.eɪ/
    UK [-ɪt] US [vəˈleɪ] UK to clean, especially the inside of, something 清洗（尤指内部）
• There's a service which will valet your car for you while it is parked. 有一项代客洗车服务是趁车停泊在那里时进行的。
vi. 清洗汽车；服侍
 - wait on, attend upon

Word: unmake
Front: unmake
[ˌʌn'meɪk] (33105/35389)
Back: vt. 使消失; 使恢复原状; 撤回; 毁灭
时态：unmade, unmaking, unmakes
分布：改变(35%)，废除(25%)，使还原(20%)，毁坏(20%)
[ʌn'meɪk] (unmade, unmade)
verb transitive
■to destroy a reputation or a career 破坏（名誉或事业）
• Actors' reputations have been made and unmade on this London stage. 就在这个伦敦的舞台上，某些演员建立了名声，另一些演员则落得名誉扫地的下场。
vt. 使恢复原状；使消失；撤回；毁灭；改变
 - influence, fashion, shift

Word: unsay
Front: unsay
[ʌn'seɪ] (23772/33595)
Back: vt. 取消，收回，撤回
时态：unsaid, unsaying, unsays
分布：取消(100%)
vt. 撤回，收回；取消
 - recall, withdraw

Word: vitae
Front: vitae
['wi:taɪ] (-/23167)
Back: n. 个人简历; 生活; 生命(vita的复数); 展望; 个人简历，生活，生命( vita的名词复数 )
分布：个人简历(100%)

Word: verbatim
Front: verbatim
[vɜ:ˈbeɪtɪm] (宝 20217/24631)
Vocabulary: verbatim
(once / 5363 pages)
advadj
Repeat something you've read or heard precisely word-for-word, and you have just quoted it verbatim. That's great if what you deliver verbatim is the directions on how to defuse a bomb, but not a good idea if you're cheating on a test and copying someone's answer verbatim.
As a word, verbatim is powerful for its precision. When you can say that you are repeating someone's words verbatim, it means every single word is exactly what was said. If you write something down verbatim, you can rely on it being a duplicate of the original document, recreated. Repeating words verbatim in your own writing can be tricky business. Without attributing the original author, verbatim can be the damning evidence of plagiarism.
WORD FAMILY
verbatim
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr. Trump said a lot of things on the campaign trail, and he probably couldn’t repeat them all verbatim if he were asked.
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
The directions are verbatim from the cookbook — reflecting the style, perhaps, of another era:
Washington Times(Nov 23, 2016)
They both resorted to long-standing talking points, and even repeated verbatim statements they had made in previous debates.
Salon(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: adj. & adv. （完全）照字面的（地），逐字的（地）
n. 逐字翻译
分布：逐字的(67%)，逐字地(33%)
→来自verb,言语，-itim,副词后缀，逐，挨着，词源同nominatim,litteratim.
逐字的ad,逐字地(直接来自拉丁文,wordforword)[verb=word,表示"词语"]
【记】verb词语，atim：逐字的
【参】verbal（adj 口头的；字面上的）；verbiage（n 空话；冗长）
【反】argot（n 暗语）－common verbalism（公共的言词）
US [vɝ:'beɪ.tˌəm] adverb
■using exactly the same words as were originally used 一字不差地；逐字地
• She had an amazing memory and could recall verbatim quite complex conversations. 她记忆力惊人，能够一字不差地回想起很复杂的谈话内容。
adv. 逐字地
 - literally
adj. 逐字的
 - word-for-word, literal

Word: venturesome
Front: venturesome
[ˈventʃəsəm] (托 34155/-)
Vocabulary: venturesome
(once / 5892 pages)
adj
The adjective venturesome describes someone who is willing to take risks, someone brave. If you have a venturesome child, you may worry because she's the one you find on top of the playhouse instead of inside it.
The root word of venturesome is venture, and venture is short for aventure, which is a form of adventure, which we understand to be an interesting or exciting experience. Some people are more venturesome than others. You may thrive on mountain climbing or going to the top of the Eiffel Tower, or your idea of adventure may be occasionally trying a strawberry jelly with your peanut butter instead of grape.
WORD FAMILY
venturesome: venturesomely, venturesomeness+/ venture: ventured, venturer, ventures, venturesome, venturing, venturous /venturer: venturers/ venturous: venturously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Here’s hoping that some venturesome, well-endowed university or cultural institution is seeking a beautiful home.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Simultaneously, as Amar Bhidé argues in his book “The Venturesome Economy,” with growing incomes, retail customers become more confident, demanding more innovative consumer products.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 15, 2016)
Philharmonic’s season opener, which featured a tribute to Beethoven that included a venturesome rendition of John Adams’ “Absolute Jest.”
Los Angeles Times(Oct 07, 2016)
Back: adj. （人）好冒险的; 胆大的; （行动）有危险的; 冒险（性）的
分布：冒险的(87%)，不顾一切的(13%)
冒险的(venture+some有点...的)[ven,vent=come,表示"来"]
US [-tʃɚ-] formal
adjective
■describes a person who is willing to take risks, or an action or behaviour that is risky 爱冒险的；冒险的，有风险的
• He has become more venturesome this season with dress designs that incorporate a variety of ethnic influences. 这一季他的服装设计更加大胆，吸收了丰富的民族元素。
adj. 冒险的；危险的；好冒险的
 - dangerous, critical, risky, hazardous

Word: vera
Front: vera
[ˈviərə] (-/12265)
Back: adv. <苏格兰>很; 甚; 及其; 非常
adj. 真正的; 真实的; 恰好的; 绝对的
分布：名词(100%)

Word: wolverhampton

Word: xenophobe
Front: xenophobe
['zenəfəʊb] (宝)
Back: n. 仇外，惧外者
分布：仇外(56%)，惧外者(44%)
【记】xeno外国人，phobe恐惧
【参】xenomania（n 外国迷）
US [-foʊb] noun countable
■a person who strongly dislikes or fears foreigners, their customs, their religions, etc. 排外者；恐外者
n. 仇外；害怕生人者；畏惧和憎恨外国人的人
 - zenophobia

Word: adulterate
Front: adulterate
[əˈdʌltəreɪt] (宝 32009/40534)
Vocabulary: adulterate
(once / 2689 pages)
vadj
If you adulterate something, you mess it up. You may not want to adulterate the beauty of freshly fallen snow by shoveling it, but how else are you going to get to work?
The verb adulterate comes from the Latin word adulterare, which means “to falsify,” or “to corrupt.” Whenever something original, pure, fresh, or wholesome is marred, polluted, defaced, or otherwise made inferior, it has been adulterated. Your grandfather may, for instance, believe that bartenders adulterate the name “Martini” by applying it to combinations of vodka, chocolate or anything other than a mixture of five parts gin to one part dry vermouth, on the rocks, with a twist.
WORD FAMILY
adulterate: adulterated, adulterates, adulterating, adulteration, adulterator+/adulterated: unadulterated /adulteration: adulterations/adulterator: adulterators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Meanwhile, concerns about poisonous air, adulterated food and an ultracompetitive education system loom large in many people’s lives.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
Tyson and Perdue are both cited in Oxfam’s report on the industry’s grim bathroom facilities, though neither company was accused of adulterating its product.
The Guardian(Dec 22, 2016)
The FDA in April 2004 declared supplements containing ephedrine alkaloids to be adulterated because they carry an unreasonable risk of illness or injury.
Washington Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: vt. （尤指食物）掺假; <废>奸污，诱奸
adj. 掺杂的; 掺假的; 不纯的; 通奸的
n. 掺假
时态：adulterated, adulterating, adulterates
分布：通奸的(45%)，掺假的(33%)，搀 ... 使品质变劣(22%)
→前缀ad-, 去，往。词根ulter, 改变, 同alter, 改变。指掺假，欺骗。
【记】adult+er成年人＋ate吃的过去式＝成年人吃饭－喜搀假。成年人吃饭必有酒，但不是人人都巨能喝，而且男人总是好面子的，所以总有人偷偷向酒里掺点儿茶呀、水呀什么的。
【区】adulate（v 谄媚，奉承）
【反】tainted（v 感染n 污点）－unadulterated（adj 没有搀杂的）；unalloyed（adj 纯粹的）
verb transitive always passive
■to make food or drink weaker or to lower its quality, by adding something else （在饮食中）掺杂，掺假
• There were complaints that the beer had been adulterated with water. 有多人投诉说这啤酒里面混了水。
adj. 通奸的；搀杂的
 - extramarital

Word: abeyance
Front: abeyance
[əˈbeɪəns] (宝 29581/19462)
Vocabulary: abeyance
(once / 4862 pages)
n
An abeyance is a temporary halt to something, with the emphasis on "temporary." It is usually used with the word "in" or "into"; "in abeyance" suggests a state of waiting or holding.
The word abeyance has a legal ring to it, and for a good reason — appearing in English in the 16th century, it comes from the Anglo-French word abeiance, a legal term for waiting or hoping to receive property. Nowadays, the word is used in a similar way. Different legal rights, like property rights, can be held in abeyance until matters are resolved.
WORD FAMILY
abeyant: abeyance
USAGE EXAMPLES
As suggested by the general tenor of the discussion, near-perfect information is in abeyance.
New York Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Lord Carlile has said he will report his findings next summer but until then, the reputation of Bishop George Bell will remain in abeyance.
BBC(Nov 22, 2016)
His attorney, Kathleen Zellner, filed a motion Friday with the 2nd District Court of Appeals asking the court to hold his latest appeal in abeyance.
Washington Times(Aug 26, 2016)
Back: n. （法律、规则、习俗等）中止; 暂停; （法律、规则等）暂时失效; 处于暂时搁置（或中止）状态
adj. 暂时搁置的，所有权未定的，暂缓执行的
分布：暂时无效或停用(50%)，暂时中止(50%)
→前缀a-同ad-. -bey同词根bat,张嘴。指吃惊，反应不过来，后指暂停，中止。
暂停,中止(a在+bey+ance-在期待中-观望,暂停)[bey=expect(期待)]
【记】ab离开，ey＝eye眼睛，ance名词后缀。何谓离开眼睛？大家小时候是不是在老师、家长的监督下做作业（不是也得是，想不想背单词了，别抬杠！）。当他们的眼睛盯着你的时候，作的特别认真是吧！一旦他们的眼睛离开了，不在家了，你是不是就放风了，你是不是就中止、搁置了做作业这项神圣的活动了。读：我被摁死！－想不停止也不行了
【反】continuance（n 继续）【九阴真经第三章】变本加"利"。俗话说：分、分、分，学生的命根；我说：变、编、辩，背词儿的法宝。变是基础。像eat到ate，像ey到eye!还有很多的变，大家慢慢体会，培养敏感细胞。编是纽带。编故事谁都会，关键是联系中英文，关键是印象深刻！辩是没有办法的办法。辩是狡辩的辩，譬如：cinder（n 煤渣，矿渣）。发音酷似：辛迪（克劳夫）－世界名模，我就说他是渣滓，因为网上有很多不堪入目的图片。你不能因为盲目崇拜而放弃一个背单词的机会！
[ə'beɪ.ənts] formal
noun uncountable
■a state of not happening or being used at present 搁置；暂时中止；暂缓
• Hostilities between the two groups have been in abeyance since last June. 从去年六月份以来，这两支军队一直处于休战状态。
• The project is being held in abeyance until agreement is reached on funding it. 在达成融资协议前，这个企划案被暂时搁置。
n. 中止，停顿；归属待定，暂搁
 - hang, discontinuation

Word: anglophile
Front: anglophile
['æŋɡləʊ.faɪl] (35125/36530)
Vocabulary: anglophile
(once / 65663 pages)
n
If you're a huge fan of England, you can call yourself an Anglophile. Anglophiles love English culture, accents, food, and people.
If you're American but prefer British spellings of words, like colour and fibre, or have all the British monarchs memorized, or insist on ordering things like "bubble and squeak" when you go to restaurants, you're an Anglophile, a person who loves all things English or British. The word first referred to French fans of England during the 1860s, its roots a combination of the Latin Angli, "the English" and the Greek philos, "loving."
WORD FAMILY
anglophile: anglophiles
USAGE EXAMPLES
A perfect streaming service for the Anglophile in your life, Acorn features TV shows from Britain, Australia and other Commonwealth nations.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
He is a complete Anglophile and also absolutely adores Scotland, which he thinks is one of the most beautiful places on Earth.
The Guardian(Nov 21, 2016)
Masters has created a unique and special work that will appeal to amateur detectives, Anglophiles and lovers of humanity everywhere.
Seattle Times(Oct 30, 2016)
Back: n. 亲英派的人
分布：亲英派的人(75%)，=Anglophil.(25%)
→Anglo, 词源同England. 词根phile, 爱，同philosophy, 哲学（爱思考之人）。
US [-glə-] noun countable
■a person who is not British but is interested in, likes or supports Britain and its people and customs 亲英者，崇英者

Word: apprehensive
Front: apprehensive
[ˌæprɪˈhensɪv] (研宝 13421/11267 -1)
Vocabulary: apprehensive
(once / 1225 pages)
1adj 2adj
If you're apprehensive, you're anxious or fearful. If you just got run over by a crazy bicyclist, you might be a bit apprehensive crossing the street.
Apprehensive is from a Latin word meaning "to seize," and it originally meant "quick to seize impressions or ideas, perceptive, intelligent." Now it means "anticipating something bad, fearful of what may happen." Synonyms are afraid, which suggest a more immediate fear, and fearful, which suggests a more general temperament ("a fearful child"). You can be apprehensive about a situation while being an optimistic and courageous person in general.
WORD FAMILY
apprehensive: apprehensively, apprehensiveness, unapprehensive+/ apprehend: apprehended, apprehender, apprehending, apprehends, apprehensible, apprehension, apprehensive, misapprehend /apprehender: apprehenders/apprehensible: apprehensibly/ apprehension: apprehensions/ misapprehend: misapprehended, misapprehending, misapprehends, misapprehension / misapprehension: misapprehensions
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Estonians are not nervous — at best, apprehensive in the face of ambiguous messages,” he said.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
I became increasingly apprehensive but eventually, one organisation - Rusta - reassured me a bit.
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
For someone who grew up with a famous dad and was a star at Kansas State in college, Lockett is, by nature, apprehensive of attention.
Seattle Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 忧虑的; 有理解力的; 惶惑
分布：忧虑的(47%)，善于领会的(30%)，知晓的(23%)
【反】intrepid（adj 大无畏的）
adjective
■feeling worried about something that you are going to do （对将要做的事情）担忧的，担心的
• I'm a bit apprehensive about tomorrow's meeting. 想到明天的会议，我就有些惴惴不安。
• I've invited a lot of people to the party, but I'm a bit apprehensive that no one will come. 我邀请了很多人来参加聚会，但我有些担心，怕没人会来。
adj. 忧虑的；不安的；敏悟的；知晓的
 - troubled, uncomfortable

Word: auburn
Front: auburn
[ˈɔ:bən] (16356/25053)
Vocabulary: auburn
(once / 1504 pages)
adj
Auburn is a reddish-brown color. If you ask a hairdresser to color your hair auburn, you'll be disappointed to end up with bright red curls.
Auburn almost always describes hair color — you might talk about your favorite childhood doll's long auburn hair, for example. The earliest meaning of auburn was "yellowish-white," not "reddish-brown," from the Medieval Latin alburnus, "off-white" or "whitish," from the Latin albus, or "white." In the 16th century it was influenced by the Middle English word brun, "brown," and the meaning changed.
WORD FAMILY
auburn: auburnly
USAGE EXAMPLES
South Carolina plays its first SEC road game of the season when it travels to Auburn on Thursday night.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Sean White missed the Tigers’ final two regular-season games with a shoulder injury, and without him, Auburn becomes very one dimensional.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Seventh-ranked Oklahoma enters Monday’s Sugar Bowl against No. 17 Auburn on a nine-game winning streak that includes an undefeated run through the Big 12.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Back: adj. 赤褐色的; 红褐色的
n. 赤褐色; 红褐色
分布：赤褐色(46%)，赤褐色的(24%)，赭色(17%)，赭色的(13%)
→来自词根alb, 白色的，见albumen,蛋白。字母l弱化成u, 词义受brown影响。
US ['ɑ:.bɚn] adjective
■(of hair) reddish brown （头发）红褐色的
• auburn-haired 红褐色头发的
n. 赤褐色
 - titian
adj. 赤褐色的，赭色的
 - copper-colored, foxy

Word: aryan

Word: aragon

Word: antisocial
Front: antisocial
[ˌæntiˈsəʊʃl] (六 11089/24620 -1)
Vocabulary: antisocial
(once / 20773 pages)
adj
When someone is antisocial, they're either rude and unmannered or they avoid other people. Either way, they're not the life of the party.
This is a word that describes people and behaviors that are not very welcoming to others. Yelling, swearing, pushing, and generally being a jerk are all antisocial behaviors. Being a hermit and avoiding contact with other people is antisocial, too. Though this is a negative word, it's not entirely bad. We all need to get away from others once in awhile, and people who seem antisocial may just need a little space.
WORD FAMILY
social: antisocial, nonsocial, sociable, socialise, socialism, sociality, socialize, socially, socials, unsocial+/sociability: sociabilities/ sociable: sociability, sociableness, sociables, sociably, unsociable/socialise: socialisation, socialised, socialiser, socialising/ socialism: socialisms, socialist, socialistic/ socialist: socialists/socialistic: socialistically/sociality: socialities/ socialization: socializations/ socialize: socialization, socialized, socializer, socializes, socializing/socializer: socializers/unsociable: unsociability, unsociableness, unsociably/unsocial: unsocially
USAGE EXAMPLES
Three people were arrested over “antisocial behavior,” according to the police.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Scientists are helping to stop antisocial behaviour in the world's most popular online game.
Nature(Dec 15, 2016)
The students’ antisocial behavior, casual racism, penchant for violence and, worst of all, self-hatred horrify the new teacher, whose colleagues expect little of the pupils.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 反社会的; 危害社会安宁的; 违反公益的; 不喜欢社交的
分布：反社会的(76%)，不擅社交的(16%)，非社交的(8%)
ADJ-GRADED
不爱交际的；孤僻的；不合群的
Someone who is anti-social is unwilling to meet and be friendly with other people.
例：...teenagers who will become aggressive and anti-social.将会变得好斗、孤僻的青少年一代
ADJ-GRADED
（行为）反社会的，危害社会的，令人讨厌的
Anti-social behaviour is annoying or upsetting to other people.
例：Playing these games can lead to anti-social behaviour.玩这类游戏会引发反社会行为。
adj. 反社会的；扰乱社会的；不爱交际的
 - sociopathic, dissocial

Word: billing
Front: billing
[ˈbɪlɪŋ] (8811/14826)
Back: n. （节目单或戏院大门上的）演员表; （演员表上的）演员次序; 开具账单; 营业额
分布：记帐(46%)，演员表(30%)，广告(18%)，编制帐单(6%)
noun uncountable
REQUEST FOR PAYMENT 要求付帐
■the process of sending people bills asking them to pay money owed 寄发帐单（要求付帐）
• itemized (= detailed) billing 详细的帐单
['bɪl.ɪŋ] noun uncountable
SHOW INFORMATION 宣传
■information, especially about a performance （尤指演出的）广告，宣传
• Unfortunately, the show never lived up to (= was not as good as) its billing. 不幸的是，演出不像宣传的那样好。
star/top billing
■in a show or film, etc. when someone is advertised as the most important actor 主演，领衔
n. 广告；记帐；开发票；演员表；总账款
 - advertisement, publicity

Word: bellicosity
Front: bellicosity
[ˌbelɪ'kɒsətɪ] (42097/-)
Back: n. 好战，好打架
分布：好战(100%)
n. 好斗；好战
 - pugnacity, truculency

Word: blandly
Front: blandly
['blændlɪ] (25145/23154)
Back: adv. 温和地，殷勤地
分布：温和地(44%)，柔和地(28%)，殷勤地(28%)
adv. 温和地；殷勤地；温柔地
 - gently, friendly, soft

Word: bloke
Front: bloke
[bləʊk] (23886/4245 -2)
Back: n. 〈俚〉人，家伙; 男人
分布：家伙(100%)
→词源不详。可能来自block的变体，指大块头的家伙。
US [bloʊk] UK informal
noun countable
 ADVANCED
■a man, often one who is considered to be ordinary 人，家伙
• Paul's a really good bloke (= I like him a lot). 保罗是个真正的好人。
• He's a funny (sort of) bloke (= slightly strange). 他是个有点儿古怪的人。
n. 家伙；小子
 - apple, customer, fellow, guy, bird

Word: aureus
Front: aureus
['ɔ:rɪəs] (22030/47602)
Back: n. 奥里斯（古罗马和罗马帝国的基本金质货币单位）
分布：一种古罗马金币(100%)

Word: besotted
Front: besotted
[bɪˈsɒtɪd] (37566/22738)
Back: adj. 愚蠢的，糊涂的
v. 使烂醉，使迷糊，使沉醉( besot的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：愚蠢的(39%)，糊涂的(31%)，沉迷的(10%)，动词besot的过去式和过去分词.(10%)，昏迷的(10%)
→前缀be-, 强调。sot, 变傻，着迷。
US [-'sɑ:.tˌɪd] adjective
■completely in love with someone and always thinking of them 迷恋的；爱得发狂的
• He was so completely besotted with her that he couldn't see how badly she treated him. 他对她如此迷恋，根本不管她对他的态度有多恶劣。
adj. 愚蠢的；糊涂的；醉的
 - foolish, stupid, silly, confused, mad

Word: caledonian

Word: bonobo
Front: bonobo
[bɒ'nəʊbəʊ] (28133/-)
Back: n. （产于非洲刚果河以南的）倭黑猩猩[源自非洲当地语]
分布：倭黑猩猩(100%)

Word: calumny
Front: calumny
[ˈkæləmni] (宝 33531/36024)
Vocabulary: calumny
(once / 1200 pages)
n
Use the noun calumny to characterize verbal attacks that are meant to destroy reputations or friendships. You've probably seen political ads during election time that rely on calumny to move voters.
Calumny comes from the Latin word calvi, meaning "to trick, deceive," which is why it can also describe falsely accusing someone or quoting them out of context with the intent to do them harm. Some political candidates use this tactic against opponents in the hope that voters will be tricked into thinking that the accusations are true.
WORD FAMILY
calumny: calumniate, calumniation, calumnies, calumnious+/ calumniate: calumniated, calumniates, calumniating/calumniation: calumniations/calumnious: calumniously
USAGE EXAMPLES
This is a calumny of the most disgusting order.
The New Yorker(Dec 16, 2016)
But I am above that sort of calumny.
Washington Post(Nov 16, 2016)
These are now attacking minority rights and progressive values, with anti-PC guerrillas out and about looking for, or making up, cultural calumnies.
The Guardian(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 诬蔑，诽谤，中伤（的话）
分布：中伤(54%)，诽谤(46%)
→来自PIE *kel, 欺骗，责备，词源同cavil, challenge。-mn, 抽象名词后缀，见column.
【记】读：凯伦摸你。你要是走在大街上说：“凯伦摸你！”绝对没人信。这是中伤凯伦的话（这么漂亮的凯伦怎么可能摸你呢？）calu＝call，mny读：摸你：我叫一个人来摸你，我是有目的的，比如：我叫人摸小布什，我的目的是诽谤他与别人有染，这样我就可以勒索他，就不用考GRE了。
【反】flattering（adj 奉承的）－calumnious（adj 诽谤的）；approbation（n 嘉许）
['kæl.əm.ni] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■(the act of making) a statement about someone which is not true and is intended to damage the reputation of that person 诽谤，诬蔑，中伤
• He was subjected to the most vicious calumny, but he never complained and never sued. 他遭受了最恶毒的诽谤，但从未抱怨也从未起诉。
n. 诽谤；中伤；诬蔑
 - scandal, defamation

Word: bootleg
Front: bootleg
[ˈbu:tleg] (23417/33874 -1)
Vocabulary: bootleg
(once / 6498 pages)
1nadjv 2n
Use the adjective bootleg to describe something that is sold illegally, usually because it was stolen in the first place. If you download a movie on your computer and then sell it to a friend, it's a bootleg film.
Bootleg is good for describing something that's stolen, smuggled, or pirated. You can use it as a verb, too, when you're talking about selling something illegal or obtained in a sneaky way, like secret recordings of a rock concert or contraband candy at summer camp. The word bootleg, which originally meant simply "the leg of a boot," refers to alcohol smugglers' trick of hiding flasks inside their boots.
WORD FAMILY
bootleg: bootlegged, bootlegger, bootlegging, bootlegs+/bootlegger: bootleggers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ryan struggled to adapt to Shanahan’s system, reliant on zone running and bootlegs, and threw 16 interceptions in the worst season of his career.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
They keep you off balance with some bootlegs and those type of things.
Seattle Times(Dec 31, 2016)
I once paid an enormous amount of money for the Manchester concert back when it was a bootleg.
Salon(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: v. 非法制造或贩卖; 违禁卖[贩，酿，运]酒; 偷安线路; 假传进攻
adj. 非法制造或贩卖的; 违法的; 违禁的; 私酿的
n. （尤指在音乐会上录制的）私制唱片; 违禁的酒; 靴帮; 四分卫假传进攻
时态：bootlegged, bootlegging, bootlegs
分布：私货(40%)，风口小弯管(15%)，靴帮(15%)，非法制造或售卖的(10%)，非法制造或售卖(10%)，盗版的(10%)
→boot, 靴子。leg, 腿。来自于美国19世纪末禁酒时期用长靴非法贩卖私酒。比较moonshine, 月光，非法酿造私酒。
adjective
ILLEGAL 非法的
■illegally made, copied or sold 非法制造（或贩卖）的；盗版的
• bootleg CDs/liquor 盗版光碟／私酒
['bu:t.leg] adjective
TROUSERS 裤子 (also boot cut)
■describes trousers which are slightly wider at the ankle than at the knee （裤子）靴形剪裁的，膝下稍加宽的
• bootleg jeans 靴形牛仔裤
['bu:t.leg] verb intransitive or transitive (-gg-)
■to illegally make, copy or sell something 非法制造（或复制、贩卖）
adj. 违法的；偷运或非法制造并销售的
 - illegal, illicit

Word: blouse
Front: blouse
[blaʊz] (高研六雅 6586/8160 -1)
Vocabulary: blouse
(once / 1522 pages)
n
A blouse is a shirt usually worn by a woman. Your grandmother's favorite silk blouse might have pearl buttons down the front.
A dressy item of clothing worn on the top of the body, mainly by girls or women, is sometimes called a blouse. Some military and historical garments are also blouses, and you can use the word as a verb meaning "to puff out or hang in folds," the way many blouses do. In French the word means "workman or peasant's shirt," but beyond that its origin is mysterious.
WORD FAMILY
blouse: blouses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sort clothes by type, grouping pants together, then shirts or blouses, jackets or dresses.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
In the back of the building, under hangers strewn with blouses, pants, wedding dresses and blankets, I talked with Amy and Mark about stains.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
It is fitting that the career of the woman who will always be respected for valuing Hollywood costumes began with a blouse.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Back: n. 宽松的上衣; 女衬衫; 短上衣; 工装
vt. 使…宽松下垂
分布：女衬衫(100%)
→来自法语，词源不详。
n.女衬衣,短上衣,宽阔的罩衫The mouse's tearing the blouse and trousers aroused the housewife's anger.老鼠撕咬短衫和裤子激起了主妇的怒火.
【记】blo＝blow吹，use用－用来吹的－宽松的衣服就是用来吹的－容易透风，比较凉快。
US [blaʊs] noun countable
■a shirt for a woman or girl 女装衬衫，罩衫
• a white silk blouse 女装白色丝绸衬衫

Word: bromide
Front: bromide
[ˈbrəʊmaɪd] (宝 21697/26429)
Vocabulary: bromide
(once / 7611 pages)
1n 2n
A bromide is a common saying or proverb that is obvious and not that helpful, like "When life hands you lemons, make lemonade."
Some people love to say things like "Follow your dreams" and "Love takes hard work." Such trite, clichéd sayings are bromides. A bromide isn't very helpful or specific, and people tend to say them over and over again. The word bromide comes from the chemical compound made of the element bromine and another metal. This kind of bromide was historically used as a sedative, a medicine that dulls your senses, just as figurative bromides are boring and dull.
WORD FAMILY
bromide: bromides
USAGE EXAMPLES
The second drug in the protocol is rocuronium bromide to stop breathing.
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
In this context, “We know who we are” is more than a Disney bromide; it’s a poignant rallying cry.
Slate(Nov 22, 2016)
For one, our delusions of progressiveness in the mainstream were exactly that: bromides at the box office, milestones at an awards event or multiplex marquee.
Salon(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: n. 溴化物; 溴化物镇静剂; 安眠药; 陈词滥调
分布：陈词滥调(50%)，令人讨厌的人(25%)，平庸的人(25%)
→来自希腊词bromos, 发臭。-ide, 化学名词后缀。用做镇静剂使用。
【记】读：不如买的。买的都是好东西，新潮的东西。不如买的就是过时的东西－陈词滥调
【反】unhackneyed（adj 新奇的）
US ['broʊ-] noun
DRUG 药
countable or uncountable old-fashioned
■a drug used to calm people who are very unhappy or worried 溴化物镇静剂
• He took a/some bromide to calm his nerves. 他服用一些镇静剂来松弛神经。
UK ['brəʊ.maɪd] US ['broʊ-] noun
COMMENT 意见
countable formal
■a remark or statement which, although it might be true, is boring and has no meaning because it has been said so many times before 陈腐的话语
n. [无化] 溴化物；庸俗的人；陈词滥调
 - lousy cliches, platitude

Word: cashless
Front: cashless
[ˈkæʃləs] (41941/-)
Back: adj. 无现款的，无现金的，无钱的
分布：无现金的(44%)，无钱的(32%)，无现款的(24%)
adjective
■using or operating with credit and debit cards and electronic systems, not money in the form of coins or notes 不用现金的；划（刷）卡的
• a cashless society 不用现金的社会

Word: castile

Word: celsius

Word: coder
Front: coder
['kəʊdə] (22248/-)
Back: n. 编码器，编码装置
分布：编码器(100%)
n. [计] [通信] 编码器；编码员
 - encoder

Word: comandante
Front: comandante
[kəʊmən'dænti:] (37029/-)
Back: n. 司令官，指挥官
分布：指挥官(100%)
n. 指挥官
 - commander

Word: chipper
Front: chipper
[ˈtʃɪpə(r)] (22244/-)
Back: adj. 爽朗的，活泼的，爽快的
n. 切东西的人或工具
v. （使）高兴起来，吱吱叫，喋喋而言
分布：活泼的(25%)，爽朗的(24%)，精力充沛的(18%)，木材削片机(9%)，薯条机(6%)，鸟唧唧叫(6%)，薯条店(6%)，喋喋不休地说(6%)
→来自chip, 碎条，碎块。
US [-ɚ] informal
adjective
■very happy 兴高采烈的；欢快的
• You seem mighty chipper this morning - what's up? 你今天早上看上去开心极了——有甚么喜事？
adj. 爽朗的；活泼的
 - alive, lively, activated
n. [木] 削片机；凿子；削东西的人；唧唧喳喳
 - firmer
vt. 使愉快；使振作
 - delectate, pep up
vi. 吱吱地叫；唠叨
 - rabbit on

Word: chlorophyll
Front: chlorophyll
[ˈklɒrəfɪl] (托 22096/26603)
Vocabulary: chlorophyll
(once / 15844 pages)
n
Chlorophyll makes plants green. It's basically a group of green pigments used by organisms that convert sunlight into energy via photosynthesis.
First used in 1819, the noun chlorophyll derives from the Greek words khloros, meaning "pale green" and phyllon, meaning "a leaf." Plants use chlorophyll to trap energy from the sun. Without this energy, plants would be unable to initiate the process of photosynthesis, which converts water and carbon dioxide into starches that plants can use for food.
WORD FAMILY
chlorophyll: chlorophyllous, chlorophylls
USAGE EXAMPLES
Nature exploits a number of common metals in biochemistry: notable cases include iron in red blood cells and magnesium in chlorophyll.
Nature(Nov 23, 2016)
From chlorophyll pills to cholrophyll energy bars, the green pigment has been showing up in all sorts of products lately.
Time(Nov 21, 2016)
Inside the palisade cells, in structures called chloroplasts, most of the leaf’s business of photosynthesis is carried on using the familiar green pigment called chlorophyll.
New York Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 叶绿素
分布：叶绿素(100%)
→chloro, 绿色，词源同chlorine, gold。-phyll, 叶子，词源同foliage, folio.
US ['klɔ:r.ə-] noun uncountable
■the green substance in plants, that allows them to use the energy from the sun 叶绿素

Word: chaperone
Front: chaperone
[ˈʃæpərəʊn] (22384/33493)
Vocabulary: chaperone
(once / 6274 pages)
nv
High school dances always have at least one chaperone to keep an eye on things. A chaperone is someone who looks after and supervises another person or a group of people.
Chaperone can also be spelled chaperon, without the e. It originally meant a woman whose duty was to accompany a younger woman and make sure she wasn't harmed and didn't get into trouble, especially when she was with a man. These days, chaperone is most often used to describe an adult who supervises a group of kids or teenagers. The Old English meaning was "protective hood or head covering," and today the word chaperone retains that "protective" quality.
WORD FAMILY
chaperone: chaperoned, chaperones, chaperoning
USAGE EXAMPLES
He also played Gator in “Memphis,” Underling in “The Drowsy Chaperone” and Sebastian in “The Little Mermaid.”
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
The chaperone later turned down a State Department request to post a photo of the meeting on Twitter.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
SUN Queen City Yacht Club cruise for adults with developmental disabilities and chaperones, 1:30 p.m.
Seattle Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 年长女伴（以前在英国，未婚女子出入社交场所必须有年长的女性陪同，以监督她的行为。）; （尤指儿童表演时的）保护人; 监护人; （未成年人舞会上的）行为监督人
vt. 作女子陪伴人，作监护人
时态：chaperoned, chaperoning, chaperons
分布：女伴(47%)，伴护(40%)，陪伴人(13%)
US [-ɚ.oʊn] noun countable
■(especially in the past) an older person, especially a woman, who goes with and takes care of a younger woman who is not married when she is in public （尤指旧时在公共场所陪伴未婚少女的）年长女伴
• humorous She's asked me to go to the cinema with her and Andrew, I think as a sort of chaperone. 她要我跟她和安德鲁去看电影，我想是去做年长女伴。
■a female nurse who is in the same room when a female patient is examined by a male doctor, or a police officer who protects a person injured by a criminal when they are in public （医院的）陪检护士；监护警官
■US
■an older person who is present at a social event for young people to encourage correct behaviour （青年社交活动中在场监护的）年长者；行为监督人
• Several parents acted as chaperones for the school disco. 有几位家长在学校的迪斯可舞厅做行为监督人。
(also chaperon) UK ['ʃæp.ə.rəʊn] US [-ɚ.oʊn] verb transitive
■(especially in the past) to go with and take care of a young woman who is not married when she is in public （尤指旧时在公共场所陪伴未婚少女的）年长女伴
• mainly humorous Do you trust him on your own or do you want me to chaperone you? 你是信任他自己去呢，还是想让我陪你去？
■US
■to be present as an adult at a social event for young people to encourage correct behaviour （青年社交活动中在场监护的）年长者；行为监督人
• Several parents volunteered to chaperone class bus trips. 班级的公车旅游活动有几位家长自愿陪同。

Word: commonsense
Front: commonsense
['kɒmən'sens] (六托宝 21690/11759)
Back: adj. 常识的，具有常识的
分布：常识(85%)，有常识的(12%)，明白事理的(3%)

Word: dacha
Front: dacha
[ˈdætʃə] (25369/28363)
Back: n. <俄>俄国郊外的别墅
分布：俄国郊外的别墅(100%)
→来自俄语。来自do, 给予，词源同date, donate. 即礼物。

Word: daredevil
Front: daredevil
[ˈdeədevl] (宝 22673/36286)
Back: n. 蛮勇的人; 冒失鬼; 胆大妄为; 蛮干
分布：鲁莽大胆的人(51%)，蛮勇的(33%)，冒失的人(16%)
→来自dare和devil的组合词。既可以理解成敢于挑战魔鬼的人，也可以理解成有勇气的小鬼。
【记】dare（v 胆敢）；devil（n 魔鬼；恶魔）－胆敢和恶魔牛－胆大的
US ['der-] informal
noun countable
■a person who does dangerous things and takes risks 莽撞汉，蛮勇的人；冒失鬼

Word: cropper
Front: cropper
[ˈkrɒpə(r)] (31461/21350)
Back: n. 种植者; 农作物; 修剪机; 割草机
分布：农作物(39%)，种植者(31%)，分成制佃农(10%)，惨败(10%)，栽跟头(10%)
US ['krɑ:.pɚ] informal
noun
come a cropper
■to fail badly, or to fall from a horse or have a bad accident in a vehicle 惨遭失败；（从马上）摔下；发生严重车祸
• Having reached the final, the British have come a cropper against the more experienced German team. 英国队进入了决赛，与经验更为丰富的德国队相遇，结果惨败。
• She came an almighty cropper when her back wheels hit an icy patch. 她的后车轮轧上了一块结冰的路面，出了严重的车祸。
n. 种植者；农作物；收割机；修剪机
 - harvester, planter

Word: deadpan
Front: deadpan
[ˈdedpæn] (宝 17045/23897)
Vocabulary: deadpan
(once / 11476 pages)
adjadv
Use the word deadpan to describe someone who uses no expression when speaking, such as the deadpan way some comedians deliver even their funniest jokes — which can make them even funnier.
Deadpan dates to 1928, when pan was slang for "face." So if you seem to have a "dead face" as you say something, it means your face looks very blank — no energy or animation. Deadpan is associated with sarcasm, and like sarcasm, if you use it for comic effect, there's a risk your audience won't pick up on it. Nevertheless, deadpan humor can be funny and popular — witness the success of deadpan humor in the sitcom Seinfeld.
WORD FAMILY
deadpan: deadpans
USAGE EXAMPLES
His wit — usually deadpan and dry — wasn’t for sissies, to borrow from his vernacular.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
“It’s an important part of the end of the game,” said a deadpan Boston coach Brad Stevens.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 20, 2016)
“I was struck by how pale he was in person,” Short said slowly with a wide-eyed deadpan as Martin reacted with mock horror.
Washington Post(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: n. <俚>无表情的脸
分布：面无表情的人(44%)，面无表情地表达(28%)，冷面孔(14%)，表情冷淡的的(14%)
→dead, 死的。pan, 俚语义，脸。
【记】dead死，pan平底锅：面部表情象死了的平底锅－冷若冰霜
adjective
■looking or seeming serious when you are telling a joke 故作严肃的；假装正经的；不动声色的
• a deadpan expression/voice 故作严肃的表情／声线

Word: dalliance
Front: dalliance
[ˈdæliəns] (宝 25219/33652)
Vocabulary: dalliance
(once / 7514 pages)
n
A dalliance is a playful flirtation, one that might lead to a casual romance. The king's public dalliance toward the lady in waiting shocked everyone in the court except for the queen.
First appearing in Middle English, the noun dalliance stems from the verb dally, meaning "to waste time, to act playfully, especially in a flirtatious way." Dalliance often describes a casual flirtation — generally something short-term and not very serious. Your aunt may blush when you mention her dalliance with the rugby player she met that time in Dublin. Dalliance can also refer to goofing off when you should be working. Your coworker's continued dalliance can result in missed deadlines.
WORD FAMILY
dalliance: dalliances+/dallier: dalliers/ dally: dalliance, dallied, dallier, dallies, dallying
USAGE EXAMPLES
Victoria’s Secret’s dalliance with France kicked off in October when it posted a short film to promote its holiday line.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
And he sent his wife an audio recording of him bragging to a co-worker about his dalliances.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Dalliances in China underwent a resurgence as the country opened up.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 嬉戏; 戏弄; 调情; 调戏
分布：闲混(63%)，戏弄(37%)
→来自dally引申的幽默词义。
noun countable or uncountable mainly humorous
■(involvement in) a short sexual relationship which is not lasting or serious 逢场作兴；调戏
■an interest or involvement in an activity or belief which only lasts for a very short period （短时间的）亲近，信奉
• The 1970s witnessed the first of the pop-star's dalliances with communism. 20世纪70年代出现首位信奉共产主义的流行歌手。
n. 嬉戏；闲混；调情
 - larkishness, merriment

Word: disinvestment
Front: disinvestment
[ˌdɪsɪnˈvestmənt] (33460/-)
Back: n. 蚀本，收回投资
分布：蚀本(54%)，收回投资(46%)
n. 收回投资；蚀本
 - loss capital

Word: dis
Front: dis
[dɪs] (-/27130)
Back: abbr. disconnect 分离; disconnection 分离; dispense 分配; distribute 分配
分布：反对(34%)，加强语气的重要词首(22%)，除去(22%)，否定(22%)
→缩写自disrespect或dismiss.
[dɪs] (-ss-) US slang
verb transitive
■ diss
n. 冥府；污辱
 - Hades, Sheol

Word: deliberative
Front: deliberative
[dɪ'lɪbəˌreɪtɪv] (20447/36593)
Back: adj. （尤指大会等）审议的; 供审议的; 慎重的
分布：审议的(61%)，慎重的(26%)，考察的(13%)
adj. 审议的；慎重的
 - measured, circumspective

Word: dorm
Front: dorm
[dɔ:m] (研四六 8314/35169)
Vocabulary: dorm
(once / 9704 pages)
n
A dorm — short for dormitory — is a place where college or university students live. You'll find a lot of bunk beds in most dorms.
If you go away to college, you’ll probably live in a dormitory — or dorm. It's much more common for students to say dorm because it's shorter and slangier. A dorm is where students live, often with roommates. Dorms have laundry rooms and rec rooms, and it's a place where many friendships are made. Students often study or try to avoid studying in the dorm. It's their home away from home. Dorms are also called residence halls and student residences.
WORD FAMILY
dorm: dorms
USAGE EXAMPLES
After a year at cozy Williams, the empty dorm felt cavernous and overwhelming to the Robinson family.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Accommodation ranges from dorm rooms to self-contained air-conditioned bungalows , high up in the jungle hills.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
Children from other regions of Argentina who lived at the dorms were especially vulnerable and often targeted by the abusers.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 宿舍
分布：名词(100%)
n.(dormitory)[美][口]宿舍
N-COUNT
同 dormitory
A dorm is the same as a dormitory .
n. 宿舍（等于dormitory）
 - lodging house, lodging quarters

Word: drifter
Front: drifter
[ˈdrɪftə(r)] (19501/25765)
Back: n. 漂流物，流浪者，漂网渔船
分布：漂网渔船(43%)，漂流物(36%)，漂流者(21%)
US [-tɚ] disapproving
noun countable
■someone who moves from one place to another or from one job to another without any purpose 漂泊者，流动工
n. 流浪汉；漂流物；漂网渔船
 - Little Tramp, gangrel

Word: dumpling
Front: dumpling
[ˈdʌmplɪŋ] (中高 14302/22551)
Vocabulary: dumpling
(once / 4129 pages)
n
A dumpling is a delicious, bite-sized food that's made of savory ingredients wrapped in dough and cooked. Chinese dumplings can be steamed, boiled, or fried.
If you order dumplings in a Chinese restaurant, you'll get a filling made with vegetables, meat, or fish — it might be a wonton, cooked in a soup, or a potsticker, steamed and then lightly fried. Most cultures have some version of a savory dumpling, and many have sweet dumplings as well, like apple dumplings, which have a fruit filling wrapped in pastry.
WORD FAMILY
dumpling: dumplings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Set it next to a pile of dumpling wrappers.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
People meet at about about 6pm on New Year's Eve and they will start preparing dumplings with meat inside.
BBC(Dec 23, 2016)
Entrepreneurs are jockeying to be the Shake Shack of Chinese dumplings, of vegan food, of Lebanese flatbread, of Japanese ramen noodles, of artisanal fried chicken.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 汤团，饺子; 水果布丁; 矮胖的人; [用于爱称]宝贝
分布：饺子(100%)
→可能来自lump, 大块。-ling, 小词后缀。
noun countable
■a small ball of dough (= flour and water mixed together) cooked and eaten with meat and vegetables 团子；饺子
■a small amount of fruit covered in a sweet dough and baked 水果布丁
• apple dumplings 苹果布丁
n. 饺子，汤团；面团布丁
 - jiaozi, tortellini

Word: economise

Word: doodle
Front: doodle
[ˈdu:dl] (宝 21799/26555)
Vocabulary: doodle
(once / 5013 pages)
nv
A doodle is a casual little drawing you do, often while you're doing something else, like talking on the phone or listening to a teacher's lecture. Your history notebook might be equal parts notes and doodles.
A doodle can vary from a meaningless scribble or scrawl to a detailed picture of a dog. You never draw a doodle for some specific purpose — to doodle is to draw in an aimless, haphazard way. In the 1600s, a doodle was a "simple fellow," from the German dudeltopf, "simpleton." It came to mean "foolish designs on paper" by the early 20th century.
WORD FAMILY
doodle: doodled, doodles, doodling
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Today’s Doodle shows Macintosh enjoying a Scottish rain shower whilst testing his ingenious invention,” Google said in their tribute.
Time(Dec 29, 2016)
Both Instagram and Snapchat also let you doodle and place text on top of the ephemeral photos and videos you share.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 20, 2016)
His doodles, he tells us, often depicted some kind of godlike heroism.
The New Yorker(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: vi. 心不在焉地乱写乱画
n. 乱写乱画（出的东西）
时态：doodled, doodling, doodles
分布：乱画(48%)，乱写(42%)，信手涂鸦(10%)
→可能来自dawdle, 游荡，闲逛，引申词义乱涂乱抹。
【记】读：肚兜－在你穿肚兜的年龄画画，指望你画国画是不可能的，张大千也是如此，只有涂鸦的能力。
【区】dawdle（v 闲逛）读：兜兜；dodder（v 蹒跚）
verb intransitive
■to draw pictures or patterns while thinking about something else or when you are bored （心不在焉或心烦时）随手乱画
• She'd doodled all over her textbooks. 她在课本上到处随手乱画。
vi. 涂鸦；闲混；随意弹奏
 - lounge away, drone away
n. 涂鸦；蠢人
 - ass, conehead
vt. 乱涂出；闲混；随意弹奏
 - lounge away, drone away

Word: escapee
Front: escapee
[ɪˌskeɪˈpi:] (20785/25333)
Back: n. 逃脱者，逃亡者，逃犯
分布：逃亡者(50%)，逃犯(50%)
noun countable
■a person who has escaped from a place 逃离者；逃脱者
• The escapees were recaptured after three days on the run. 这些人在脱逃三天后又重新被捕。
n. 逃避者；逃亡者
 - evader, runagate

Word: especial
Front: especial
[ɪˈspeʃl] (28397/18694)
Vocabulary: especial
(once / 40 pages)
adj
Something especial is even greater or more than it usually is. The letters you get from your Japanese pen pal will be of especial interest to your brother, who collects foreign stamps.
You can use the adjective especial to emphasize the unusual or singular nature of something, or its importance. Doctors and nurses need to take especial care to wash their hands often, and it might give your grandmother especial joy to see all of her thirteen grandchildren pose for a photograph together. Especial is less common than its near-relation, special, and both words come from the Latin specialis, "particular."
WORD FAMILY
especial: especially
USAGE EXAMPLES
It is applied with notably especial enthusiasm to black women.
The Guardian(Nov 12, 2016)
Trump’s ties to the Kremlin and Russian President Vladimir Putin have faced especial scrutiny of late.
Salon(Nov 01, 2016)
The bulk of its sales now comes from Mexican beers like Corona Extra and Modelo Especial, which it bought for the U.S. market in 2013.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 特别的，突出的
分布：特殊的(54%)，特别的(38%)，特有的(8%)
→e-, 缓音字母。special, 特殊的。
[ɪ'speʃ.əl] formal
adjective [before noun]
■special 特别的；特殊的；特有的
especial, peculiar, distinctive, unique, particular, special
especial: 特别的，含有优越或偏好的意义，多用于书面语。
peculiar: 独特的，独有的，强调某一个体或某一集团所独有的、与众不同的，常与介词about, in, to等搭配。
distinctive: 特别的，有特色的
unique: 独特的，强调独一无二的
particular: 特殊的，过于讲究的，强调同类中某一个体所具有的独特性质，常与介词about, as to, over, to搭配。
special: 特设的，专门的，着重指某事物具有自己特有的性质、性格或个性，与同类明显相异的，常与介词about, to搭配。
peculiar, especial, specific, particular, special, exceptional, extraordinary
这组词都有“特殊的，特别的”的意思，其区别是：
peculiar: 强调指与众不同或独特的意思。
especial: 和special含义很接近，较正式，但侧重有特殊的意义或重要性。
specific: 着重指某种、某类事物具有的特殊或特定的属性，也可指专门提出作特别考虑的事物。
particular: 侧重不同于普遍性的个性或特殊性。
special: 普通用词，指不同于一般、与众不同，着重事物的专门性，突出与一般不同。
exceptional: 指不同于一般，本身是特别的或异常的事物。
extraordinary: 语气比exceptional强，指极大地超过一般或正常情况。
adj. 特殊的，特别的
 - specific, extraordinary, particular, peculiar

Word: equivocation
Front: equivocation
[ɪˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃn] (宝 25752/33961)
Vocabulary: equivocation
(once / 9941 pages)
n
If your boss asks you where all the merchandise went and you say, "someone took it," omitting that the "someone" in question is you, that's equivocation: using ambiguous language to hide the truth.
Equivocation comes from the Latin for "equal" and "naming," and in equivocation, you use a word that could have a few different meanings, all technically equal, in order to mask what you really mean. It's a great way to not-quite lie, but still avoid taking the blame for something you did, which is why equivocation is never a good thing. You may recognize this kind of speech from watching (some) politicians on TV.
WORD FAMILY
equivocation: equivocations+/ equivocate: equivocated, equivocates, equivocating, equivocation, equivocator/equivocator: equivocators
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I’m not saying whether it’s good or bad, it kind of is what it is” is a spectacular piece of equivocation.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 22, 2016)
“There must be no equivocation or ignoring the seriousness of the intelligence community’s conclusion about Russia’s actions.”
Seattle Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Clarity and truth-telling, not equivocation and abstention, are what is needed now more than ever.
Time(Oct 28, 2016)
Back: n. 模棱两可的话，含糊话
分布：含糊其辞(75%)，模糊话(25%)
【反】clarity（n 清楚；透明）
n. 含糊话；模棱两可的话
 - ambiguity

Word: extrovert
Front: extrovert
[ˈekstrəvɜ:t] (宝 27717/19137 -1)
Vocabulary: extrovert
(once / 36706 pages)
nadj
An extrovert is a friendly person who enjoys talking to and being with other people. Extroverts love parties, talking on the phone, and meeting new people.
This noun has a specialized sense in psychology, and its opposite is introvert.. Psychologists sometimes kick it old school and spell it extravert. As a psychological term, it was borrowed from German extravertiert, from the prefix extra- "outside, beyond" plus Latin vertere "to turn." Thanks, Carl Jung! Its opposite is introvert, which means shy or turned inward.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
introvert / extrovert
These two personality types are opposites — introverts focus inward, into their own thoughts, and extroverts focus outward, into the world. But don't get too excited; most people are a little bit of both.
Introverts are mostly concerned with what's going on inside their own heads, so an introvert is a quiet person who likes people but doesn't feel the need to go to parties every night. In fact, nightly parties would be decidedly un-fun for an introvert. Introverts are often but not always shy. Don't be shy about reading these examples:
"He could be an introvert but was also funny, sharp, observant, and spoke with piercing accuracy." (The Guardian)
"The first original song she released was 'Here' — an ‘introvert's anthem' about feeling alienated at a house party." (BBC)
Let's have a party for the extroverts! They'll all be there. Extroverts pay more attention to what's going on around them than what is in their heads. They love to get out and about. If the phone rings, an extrovert can't wait to answer it. Ring ring! Here are some examples:
"They tend to be extroverts and love getting attention from others." (Salon)
"The archetypal extrovert prefers action to contemplation, risk- taking to heed-taking, certainty to doubt." (Forbes)
Though different, introverts and extroverts hang out all the time, even in these bits from the news:
"Extroverts who promote themselves and introverts who keep their heads down are paid the same for jobs of the same value to the company." (New York Times)
"Introverts prefer much less stimulating environments than extroverts." (US News)
So, if we pretend we're batteries, introverts recharge alone, but extroverts get energy from other people. If you get them mixed up, remember that introverts turn inward and extroverts like external action.
WORD FAMILY
extrovert: extroversion, extroverted, extroverts+/extroversion: extroversions
USAGE EXAMPLES
There is nothing extrovert, let alone exhibitionist, about him, so I wonder if it feels exposing to reveal so much of himself and his past.
The Guardian(Nov 25, 2016)
There have been crooks and honest brokers, scholars and graduates of the school of hard knocks, introverts and extroverts.
Washington Post(Nov 09, 2016)
No. 1 was a magnificent extrovert, performing his brilliance, steamrolling his colleagues, blowing away admirers with gusts of charm.
New York Times(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: n. 外向; 性格外向的人; <口>活跃、愉快、爱交际的人
分布：性格外向的人(82%)，=extravert.(18%)
→extra-, 外面的，超过的。-vert, 转，词源同versus, introvert.
性格外向的(extra+vert转→(性格)向外转→外向)[extra-表示"以外的,超过的"]
【记】extro外，vert转－向外转的人－性格外向者
【参】introvert（n 格性内向的人）；extroversion（n 外向；外倾）
US [-vɝ:t] noun countable
■an energetic, happy person who enjoys being with other people 性格外向的人
• Most sales people are extroverts. 大多数推销员都是性格外向的人。
Compare introvert

Word: extraterritorial
Front: extraterritorial
[ˌekstrəterəˈtɔ:riəl] (27065/-)
Back: adj. 治外法权的，在疆界以外的，不受管辖的
分布：治外法权(100%)
→extra-, 外面的，超过的。territorial, 领土的，领地的。即在本土之外的。
US [-'tɔ:r.i-] adjective
■outside (the laws of) a country 境外的；法外权的
• extraterritorial possessions 境外财产
adj. 治外法权的；不受管辖的；在疆界以外的
 - exterritorial

Word: fermi

Word: feint
Front: feint
[feɪnt] (托宝 27424/35586)
Vocabulary: feint
(once / 3333 pages)
nv
Did you ever tell your parents you were going off to school, grabbed your book bag, and headed out the door... only to spend the rest of the day hanging out with your friends? Well, that was a feint, a super sneaky move designed to fool someone.
Although military and political tactics are big on feints, their most common use is probably in sports — particularly boxing, where opponents are continually trying to fake each other out. As in Dundee's account of an Ali-Frazier match: "Ali feinted with a jab, and Frazier threw one of his own, missing." Not to be confused with faint, meaning "weak or feeble." However, a feint can be deliberately faint, as Ali knew and Frazier found out when the real right hook made contact.
WORD FAMILY
feint: feinted, feinting, feints
USAGE EXAMPLES
He found him, instead, on the sideline, alone with a ball, thoroughly absorbed as he went through his repertory of flicks and feints.
New York Times(Nov 21, 2016)
No amount of feints will change one fact: “Bleed for This” has no new moves.
Washington Post(Nov 17, 2016)
This is followed by a rally to a level not quite as high as where the sell-off began, with attendant minor feints and parries.
Washington Post(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 佯攻
vi. 佯攻，声东击西
时态：feinted, feinting, feints
分布：佯攻(75%)，伪装(13%)，佯击(6%)，佯装攻击(6%)
→来自法语，词源同feign. 字母g过去分词格-ct，字母c脱落。用来指假动作。
verb intransitive or transitive
■(especially in football or boxing) to pretend to move, or to make a move, in a particular direction in order to deceive a competitor （尤指足球或拳击运动中）做假动作，佯攻，虚晃
• [+ to infinitive] Callas feinted to pass the ball and then shot it into the net. 卡拉斯假装传球，随后直接射球入网。
• He feinted a shot to the left. 他假装要从左侧射门。
n. 佯攻；伪装
 - dissemblance, stalking-horse
vi. 佯攻；假装
 - act, put on
vt. 佯攻
 - juke
adj. 假的
 - spurious, unreal

Word: facsimile
Front: facsimile
[fækˈsɪməli] (托宝 18332/12590)
Vocabulary: facsimile
(once / 3151 pages)
1n 2nv
A facsimile is a copy or reproduction of something. Many parents hope their children will be facsimiles of themselves; many children have other plans in mind.
Facsimile comes from two Latin roots: facere, meaning "to make," and simile, meaning "like." Fax machines are so called because they copy and transmit facsimiles of documents, or faxes for short, over phone lines. Grammatically speaking, photocopiers also make facsimiles, but oddly enough those are referred to as copies — not faxes.
WORD FAMILY
facsimile: facsimiled, facsimiles
USAGE EXAMPLES
But police would soon learn that King’s weapon was a BB gun — a facsimile of the gun Mason used to shoot and kill the teen.
Washington Post(Dec 18, 2016)
To understand how fiendishly effective this tactic might be, it’s worth considering the facsimile of “business” presented on Trump’s reality show.
Slate(Dec 04, 2016)
Next door, a facsimile of a shop celebrates the Cuban national drink, guarapo, made with juice pressed from freshly cut sugar cane stalks.
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. （文字、图画等的）副本，传真
分布：传真(82%)，摹本(9%)，摹写(9%)
→来自拉丁语fac simile, 即do something similar. 用来指传真，通常缩写为fax.
复写,传真(fac+simile相同→做出相同的东西→传真)[fac,fact,fect,fic,fig=make,do,表示"做,制作"]
誊写,摹写(fac事实+simile→实际一样→誊写)[simil,simul,sembl=alike,same表示"相类似,一样"]
【记】fac制作，simile相同－制作相同的东西－复制本，传真图象face脸，simile相同－脸相同－复制本，传真图象
noun countable
■an exact copy, especially of a document （尤指文件的）摹本，复制本
• a facsimile of the original manuscript 原始手稿的复制本
formal * a fax
model, facsimile, duplicate, reproduction, copy
这组词都有“复制品”的意思，其区别是：
model: 可指按某物式样制造、按比例缩小的模型，也可指某物未制成之前做出的模型。
facsimile: 含义与copy大体相同，但较文雅。
duplicate: 常指完全一模一样，可代替原件的复制品。
reproduction: 批按原物复制的产品，着重复制品与原物相似。
copy: 普通用词，含义广泛，指精确的或不精确的复制品。
n. [通信] 传真；复写
 - fax, electrical transmission
adj. 复制的
 - reproductive, copied
vt. [通信] 传真；临摹
 - fax, copy from

Word: filial
Front: filial
[ˈfɪliəl] (宝 22430/25332)
Vocabulary: filial
(once / 1848 pages)
adj
If you describe something as filial, you're saying it's offspring-related. Depending on who your parents are, your filial duties might include taking out the trash, or washing dishes, or ruling empires.
The word filial comes from the Latin words filius, which means "son," and filia, or daughter. In other words, filial is the filius of filius. One way of remembering the word is to the think of a filly, a young horse. The two words aren't related, but it's fun to put them in the same sentence: "The filly's filial love made the mare a happy mom."
WORD FAMILY
filial: filially
USAGE EXAMPLES
"Be filial to your parents, affectionate to your brothers and sisters," they chant.
Reuters(Dec 08, 2016)
The incentive follows a recent push by the authorities to encourage filial piety.
BBC(Dec 05, 2016)
State-media reports list penalties for not being filial to one’s parents.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 子女的
adv. 子女地
分布：孝顺的(60%)，子女的(40%)
→来自拉丁语filius, 儿子，filia, 女儿，来自拉丁词根fe, 吮吸，喂奶，词源同fetal, fecund.
【记】fili儿子－儿子的－子女的
【参】affiliation（n 联系；从属关系）
adjective formal
■of a son or daughter 子女的
• filial duty/respect/affection 子女的义务／尊敬／亲情
adj. 孝顺的；子女的，当做子女的
 - obedient

Word: flay
Front: flay
[fleɪ] (托宝 21222/25260)
Vocabulary: flay
(once / 3274 pages)
v
Nasty word, flay. It means to peel or beat the skin of a person or animal, and not necessarily a dead one, either. Nowadays it more commonly means to criticize harshly someone or something, usually in public, leaving them raw and wounded.
To be flayed alive was a common punishment in ancient times for political enemies or traitors. The ancient Assyrians and the Chinese were particularly good at it. Today, if you want to have your skin — metaphorically — peeled in public, you go on reality TV. It can be equally nasty.
WORD FAMILY
flay: flayed, flaying, flays
USAGE EXAMPLES
We are invited to sit back and watch as these two and their offspring plot and scheme and verbally flay the skin off each other.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
As Mr. Christie’s reputation was repeatedly flayed in federal court this month, Mr. Cuomo declined to pile on.
New York Times(Oct 30, 2016)
Her speech condemning him was in the rhetorical league of Cicero flaying Catiline, and with better reason.
The Guardian(Oct 29, 2016)
Back: vt. 痛打; 把…打得皮开肉绽; 剥（通常指动物）的皮; 严厉批评
时态：flayed, flaying, flays
分布：剥皮(44%)，去皮(28%)，痛责(14%)，抢夺(14%)
→来自pleik, 撕，剥，词源同flesh.比较carnal, corium. 进一步可能splei, 撕，分开，词源同split, spill.
【记】f放，lay躺的过去式：把他放趴下，然后再抢劫；把他放趴下，准备吃人肉，但是要先剥皮！
【区】fray（n 吵架；冲突）中的r象嘴，可以吵架flay中的l像刀，可以剥皮，抢劫
verb transitive
■to remove the skin from a person's or animal's body 剥（死人或动物尸体的）皮
■to whip a person or animal so hard that some of their skin comes off 把（人或动物）打得皮开肉绽
• figurative The critics really flayed (= severely criticized) his new book. 评论家们把他的新书批得体无完肤。
[fleɪ] verb transitive
flay sb alive informal
■to punish or tell someone off severely 严厉惩罚（或批评）（某人）
• I'll be flayed alive when she finds out! 她要是发现了会活剥了我的皮！
vt. 剥皮；掠夺；严厉批评
 - skin, harry, shell

Word: flannel
Front: flannel
[ˈflænl] (六宝 11931/12072 -1)
Vocabulary: flannel
(once / 1013 pages)
1n 2n 3n
Flannel is a warm, soft cotton or wool fabric. Plaid work shirts are commonly made of flannel.
Flannel has been around since the 1700s, when it was created in Welsh textile mills. Pants made of flannel became popular throughout Britain by the early 20th century, particularly in sports like cricket — these trousers are often called flannels. Another kind of flannel is a washcloth or cloth for cleaning. The word flannel is probably related to the Welsh gwlanen, "woolen cloth."
WORD FAMILY
flannel: flannelled, flannels
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her husband, in a flannel shirt and khakis, sat beside her.
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
I switch to flannel sheets as soon as the outside temperature at night drops below 50.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
“We use pillowcases, of course. Look. I’ve got these red flannel ones.”
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. 法兰绒，绒布; 法兰绒衣服; 毛巾; <俚>花言巧语
adj. 法兰绒的
vt. 用法兰绒擦[包]; 使穿法兰绒衣服
分布：法兰绒(78%)，花言巧语(8%)，毛巾(8%)，法兰绒男裤(4%)，说或写兜圈子的话(2%)
→来自wele, 羊毛，词源同wool.字母 f，w音变。用来指法兰绒。
【记】音译词
noun
PIECE OF CLOTH 一块布
countable UK for
■ facecloth (= a small cloth used to wash the body, especially the face and hands) 面巾，擦脸巾
['flæn.əl] noun
TYPE OF CLOTH 布的一种
uncountable
■a light cloth usually made from wool, used especially for making clothes 法兰绒
• flannel trousers 法兰绒长裤
flannels [plural] UK
■trousers made of flannel 法兰绒裤
• Traditionally, white flannels are worn when playing cricket. 按照传统，打板球时要穿白色法兰绒裤。
['flæn.əl] noun
UNNECESSARY WORDS 不必要的话
uncountable UK informal
■speech containing a lot of words which is used to avoid telling the truth or answering a question, and is often intended to deceive 兜圈子的话；应付性的话
• Leave out the flannel and answer the question! 别兜圈子了，回答问题吧！
['flæn.əl] verb intransitive or transitive (-ll-) UK informal
■to use a lot of words to avoid telling the truth or answering a question, often in order to deceive 兜圈子的话；应付性的话
n. [纺] 法兰绒；法兰绒衣服；法兰绒巾
 - caroset

Word: geisha
Front: geisha
[ˈgeɪʃə] (20776/40508)
Back: n. <日>艺妓，歌妓
分布：歌妓(100%)
→来自日语，最终来自汉字。

Word: gauche
Front: gauche
[gəʊʃ] (托宝 26552/22412)
Vocabulary: gauche
(once / 13206 pages)
adj
Use the word gauche when you want to call something tacky, graceless, tactless, rude, boorish, or awkward and foolish. Have you just pointed out someone's misuse of this word? Oh dear, how gauche!
Gauche was used for a long time to refer to things that were just so wrong, it almost hurt to talk about them, like publicly asking someone why they don’t like you. That is so gauche, it could induce a cringe! Gauche is almost a gauche word, as it is comes from a French word meaning left (as opposed to right). It would be gauche to call left-handed people tacky!
WORD FAMILY
gauche: gaucheness, gaucher
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sorry to be gauche, but what do you do with the money?
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Literally, I’m not trying to be gauche: I do not understand the argument.
Slate(Nov 16, 2016)
I own a couple of items, but I prefer to detach the badge; there can be something gauche about it.
New York Times(Oct 26, 2016)
Back: adj. 不善交际的，笨拙的
分布：笨拙的(49%)，粗鲁的(29%)，不善交际的(22%)
→来自weng, 弯，转，词源同winch, wind. 引申义偏离，笨拙。
【记】读：狗吃（屎）－会见小江摔了个gauche－不善交际的
【反】polished（adj 擦亮的；优美的）
US [goʊʃ] adjective
■awkward and uncomfortable with other people, especially because young and without experience （尤指因年轻且经验不足而）笨拙的，不善社交的，不老练的
• She had grown from a gauche teenager to a self-assured young woman. 她从一个笨嘴拙舌的小姑娘变成一位自信的年轻女性。
adj. 笨拙的；粗鲁的；不善交际的；偏转的
 - robust, crude, rude, awkward, clumsy

Word: freemason

Word: gamekeeper
Front: gamekeeper
[ˈgeɪmki:pə(r)] (38669/19879)
Back: n. （私人土地上防止偷猎的）猎场看守人; 偷猎者成了猎物保护人; 角色易位的人; 当年造反今天掌权的人
分布：猎场看守人(100%)
US [-pɚ] noun countable
■a person whose job is to take care of wild animals and birds that are kept especially for hunting 猎物看守人；猎场看守人

Word: galician

Word: ghent

Word: gnome
Front: gnome
[nəʊm] (宝 23254/16998 -1)
Vocabulary: gnome
(once / 3731 pages)
1n 2n
Ever seen pictures in children’s books of wizened little trolls with red caps and wrinkled faces? Those are gnomes, imaginary characters popular in fairy tales and folklore. For some reason, they’ve lately become popular as garden statuary.
The gnome, a dwarf-like inhabitant of the earth, has long captured the imagination of children and adults alike — witness the popularity of gnome statues in gardens. Appropriately, the word gnome is perhaps (just perhaps!) from gēnomos, an unrecorded Greek word for "earth-dweller." Credit for the word is given to 16th-century Swiss alchemist Paracelsus. The red-capped creatures entered German and Swiss folklore, and in the 19th century became part of children's literature, usually serving as the guardians of various treasures.
WORD FAMILY
gnome: gnomes, gnomic, gnomish+/gnomic: gnomically
USAGE EXAMPLES
And keep your eyes on that garden gnome.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 10, 2016)
New or enlarged entitlements always overwhelm projections, because of so-called “woodwork effects” where added benefits draw out people the budget gnomes weren’t expecting.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 18, 2016)
It’s a little figure of a gnome you can put in a garden.
New York Times(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. 格言; 土地神; 侏儒
分布：土地神(40%)，矮子(28%)，土地神像(25%)，实力雄厚的国际银行家(7%)
→词源不确定。可能来自希腊语*genomos, 地下居住者，来自ge-, 土地，词源同geology. -nomos, 居住，词源同nomad. 或词源同gnomic, know, 有见解，有知识的。
【记】gno知道；参：agnostic（n 不可知论者）g哥哥，nome＝name：哥哥的名字叫不择手段背单词－警句
【参】gnomic（adj 格言的）＝aphoristic
US [noʊm] noun countable
■an imaginary, very small, old man with a beard and a pointed hat, in traditional children's stories （童话中的）土地神，地下宝藏守护神
■a model of a gnome used as a garden decoration （花园中装饰用的）守护神塑像，守护神石像
• I don't think garden gnomes are in very good taste. 我觉得在花园中摆设守护神塑像品味有点低俗。
■US
■a person who works by using their mind, but does not talk to, and is not known by, the public 低调的脑力工作者；不作张扬的才子
• The gnomes in the back room are putting the finishing touches to the new software. 后面房间内的那些低调才子正为新软体做最后的润饰工作。
the gnomes of Zurich literary
■the powerful bankers (= people who own or control banks) from Switzerland who control a lot of money, much of it belonging to foreign governments 苏黎世的大银行家
n. 土地神；格言；箴言
 - motto, maxim

Word: gettysburg
Front: gettysburg
['ɡetɪzbɜ:ɡ] (-/48928)
Back: n. 盖茨堡
分布：名词(100%)

Word: gimme
Front: gimme
[ˈgɪmi] None
Back: n. <口>给我（或把它给我）
分布：一杆进球(100%)
short form not standard
■give me 给我
• Gimme that pen back! 把那支笔还给我！
['gɪm.i] noun countable usually singular US slang
■something which is extremely easy to do 极容易做的事
• That first test question was a gimme, for sure. 第一条试题非常容易，真的。
adj. 贪得无厌的
 - insatiable, sateless
n. 贪心，贪婪
 - greed, cupidity

Word: gringo
Front: gringo
[ˈgrɪŋgəʊ] (20040/46155)
Back: n. （敌意或轻蔑用语）外国佬
→来自拉丁美洲西班牙语。来自Greek, 引申义难懂的。
US [-goʊ] (plural gringos) informal disapproving
noun countable
■a foreigner in a Latin American country, especially one who speaks only English （拉丁美洲国家的人尤对只会说英语者的称呼）外国佬
n. 外国佬（敌意或轻蔑用语）
 - dago, wog

Word: sulphuric
Front: sulphuric
[sʌl'fjʊərɪk] (41850/24123)
Back: adj. 硫磺的，含多量硫磺的
adj. 硫磺的；含多量硫磺的
 - sulfuric

Word: stopover
Front: stopover
[ˈstɒpəʊvə(r)] (21719/33938)
Back: n. （尤指飞行旅程中的）中途停留
分布：中途停留(100%)
US ['stɑ:pˌoʊ.vɚ] UK (US layover)
noun countable
■a short stay in a place that you make while you are on a longer journey to somewhere else 中途停留
• Our tickets to Australia include a stopover for two nights in Singapore. 我们去澳大利亚的机票包括在新加坡停留两晚的费用。

Word: spud
Front: spud
[spʌd] (26210/26981)
Back: n. 小锄，剥树皮的铲凿，马铃薯
vt. 用小锄锄
时态：spudded, spudding, spuds
分布：马铃薯(49%)，用小锄头挖掘(18%)，小锄头(15%)，剥取树皮用的刀(12%)，开始钻(6%)
→俚语，可能来自 spade,铲子，挖洞，种土豆。比较 pork,猪肉，原义猪，字面意思为喜欢拱 的动物，词源同 furrow,沟，垄。
[spʌd] informal
noun countable
■a potato 马铃薯
n. 马铃薯；小锄头；剥取树皮用的刀
 - murphy, tater

Word: spectrometer
Front: spectrometer
[spekˈtrɒmɪtə(r)] (18712/29338)
Back: n. 分光计，分光仪; 谱仪
分布：光谱仪(80%)，分光计(20%)
→spectro-,光谱，-meter,仪器。

Word: avocado
Front: avocado
[ˌævəˈkɑ:dəʊ] (10371/20058 -1)
Vocabulary: avocado
(once / 17230 pages)
nadj
An avocado is a fruit with a thick green skin and mild, creamy flesh. If you've ever eaten guacamole, you've tasted avocado.
It might seem strange that an avocado is a fruit, because it's not sweet. Avocados have to be cut open before you eat them, and the hard pit in the middle needs to be removed. The inside of an avocado is firm but soft, a pale green shade. The word avocado is Spanish, from aguacate, and rooted in a Proto-Aztecan word, *pawa, that also meant avocado.
WORD FAMILY
avocado: avocados
USAGE EXAMPLES
One orange and avocado vendor offered to buy them up for 80 bolivars.
Reuters(Dec 16, 2016)
Combine the chickpeas, avocado, oil and lemon juice in a medium bowl.
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
Garlic, she said, is a rarity, while avocado, a treat she enjoyed once in a while, is all but absent from her table.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. <植>鳄梨，鳄梨树; 暗黄绿色
adj. 暗黄绿色的
分布：鳄梨树(100%)
→来自南美土著语ahuakatl, 梨，从西班牙传入英国，讹误成alligator, 鳄鱼，以讹传讹，最后翻译成了鳄梨。拼写爱advocate的影响。
US [-doʊ] (plural avocados) (UK also avocado pear)
noun countable
■a tropical fruit with thick green or purple skin and oily green flesh that can be eaten and which has a large round seed at the centre 鳄梨

Word: attenuate
Front: attenuate
[əˈtenjueɪt] (宝 19661/21122)
Vocabulary: attenuate
(once / 3390 pages)
vadj
Attenuate is a verb that means to make or become weaker. The effects of aging may be attenuated by exercise (or by drinking from the fountain of youth).
The versatile word attenuate denotes a weakening in amount, intensity, or value. As a verb, attenuate is usually transitive, meaning it needs an object to be complete, such as in the sentence: "This tanning process tends to attenuate the deer hide, making it softer." The word can be intransitive in past tense, as in "The rain attenuated, ending the storm." And it can even be used as an adjective to describe something weakened: "Even an attenuated solution will remove the stain."
WORD FAMILY
attenuate: attenuated, attenuately, attenuates, attenuating, attenuation, attenuator+/ attenuation: attenuations/attenuator: attenuators
USAGE EXAMPLES
And the big tires’ road noise seeped into the cabin despite all efforts to attenuate.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 02, 2016)
“If you are dealt a bad hand, there are things you can do to attenuate the risk.”
New York Times(Nov 13, 2016)
As important, their postcard beauty and rented emotions also attenuate some of the less palatable aspects of their conspiracy theories.
New York Times(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. （使）变细; （使）变薄; （使）变小; 减弱
adj. 稀薄的; 细小的; 减弱的; 减少的
时态：attenuated, attenuating, attenuates
分布：变弱(34%)，细的(18%)，薄的(12%)，减少的(12%)，稀释(12%)，变细(12%)
→前缀at-同ad-. 词根ten, 持有，握住，见tenure. 引申义伸长，拉伸，见tend, 引申义变细，减轻，见该词，或extenuate, 减轻。
弄薄;弄细(at使+tenu+ate→使....细薄→弄薄)[tenu=thin,表示"细,薄"]
变薄,变弱(at+tenu薄,细+ate;参考:tenuous纤细的)[-ate 1.表动词"做,造成"2.表形容词"具有…的"3.表名词"人或地位"]
【记】1）at一再，ten拉－一再拉－变薄2）at在，ten十，ate吃的过去式－在10:00吃饭。有两大坏处，其一：说明你没吃过早饭；其二：到了中午也不会饿，就不吃午饭了。再加上一顿晚饭，一天只吃两顿饭，你能不变薄，能不变弱吗？3）一个饼被ten个人ate：使变薄
【参】attenuation（n 变薄，变细，衰减）tenable（adj 守得住的）；tenacity（n 顽固，固执）
【反】strengthen（v 加强，巩固）；intensify（v 加强；强化）
[ə'ten.ju.eɪt] formal
verb transitive
■to make something smaller, thinner or weaker 使减少；使减弱；使降低
• Radiation from the sun is attenuated by the Earth's atmosphere. 地球大气层减轻了太阳幅射。
adj. [微] 减弱的；稀薄的；细小的
 - rare, thin, fine, subtle
vt. 使减弱；使纤细
 - deaden
vi. 变纤细；变弱
 - moderate, weaken

Word: astrological
Front: astrological
[ˌæstrə'lɒdʒɪkl] (26252/26317)
Vocabulary: astrological
(once / 10697 pages)
adj
Something that's astrological has to do with the movement of planets and other celestial objects, and the supposed influence they have on human lives. An astrological reading gives you advice based on the exact moment of your birth.
If someone asks, "What's your sign?" she probably wants to know your astrological symbol, so if you were born in the middle of October, you might reply, "My astrological sign is Libra." Originally, astrology, the root of astrological, meant the same as astronomy, the real science of celestial bodies. By the 17th century, astrology meant only "reading influences of the stars," similar to its Greek root, astrologia, "telling of the stars."
WORD FAMILY
astrological: astrologically+/astrologer: astrologers/astrologist: astrologists/ astrology: astrologer, astrological, astrologies, astrologist
USAGE EXAMPLES
The next section contains circular diagrams of the kind often found in medieval zodiacal texts; scholars call this part “astrological,” which is generous.
The New Yorker(Nov 30, 2016)
She has made us aware of how much personal matter we invest in the astrological bodies orbiting above our human lives.
Slate(Nov 11, 2016)
There are the 12 astrological signs, the four playing card suits, a “no smoking” symbol, a bathroom sign.
New York Times(Oct 26, 2016)
Back: adj. 占星的，占星术的
分布：占星的(43%)，占星术的(37%)，占星学的(20%)
adj. 占星的；占星学的，占星术的
 - horoscopic, Chaldaean

Word: circumcise
Front: circumcise
[ˈsɜ:kəmsaɪz] (25918/34888 -1)
Back: vt. 割包皮; 割阴蒂; 〈古〉使（心）净化，清除（罪孽）
时态：circumcised, circumcising, circumcises
分布：割包皮(67%)，割阴蒂(33%)
→circum-,圈，周围，-cise,切，见concise,excise.
环割(circum+cise切→环切)[circum-表示"环绕,周围"]
行割礼,割包皮[cid,cis=cut,kill,表示"切开,杀"]
US ['sɝ:-] verb transitive
■to cut the protecting loose skin off a boy's penis, or to cut away a girl's clitoris and the skin around it, for medical, traditional or religious reasons （出于医疗、传统或宗教原因）割去（男孩的）包皮，对（男孩）行割礼，割除（女孩的）阴蒂

Word: silvery
Front: silvery
[ˈsɪlvəri] (11870/12257 -1)
Back: adj. 银色的; 清脆的; 银铃般的; 银白
分布：银铃般的(60%)，银色光泽的(20%)，含银的(20%)
→silver,银，-y,形容词后缀。
US [-vɚ-] literary
adjective
COLOUR 颜色
■like silver 似银的；银色的
• The grass was silvery with frost. 结霜的草地泛着银光。
UK ['sɪl.vər.i] US [-vɚ-] literary
adjective
SOUND 声音
■having a pleasant clear musical sound
• We were woken early by the peal of silvery bells. 我们一大早就被一阵清脆的铃声吵醒了。
adj. 银色的；清脆的；银铃一般的；似银的
 - argentate, bell-like

Word: spiteful
Front: spiteful
[ˈspaɪtfl] (24282/19511)
Vocabulary: spiteful
(once / 1792 pages)
adj
When you're spiteful, you act in a mean way, with a desire to hurt someone. If your little brother was driving you crazy, you could calmly ignore him — or you could give him a spiteful pinch.
If you act or speak with the desire to hurt, bother, or infuriate someone, you are being spiteful. You could deliberately hurt someone's feelings or embarrass them with your spiteful words, or you could watch a jealous child give her friend a spiteful shove. The Latin word despectus, or "scorn or contempt," became the English despite, later shortened to spite, or "a desire to hurt someone."
WORD FAMILY
spiteful: despiteful, spitefully, spitefulness+/despiteful: despitefully/ spite: spited, spiteful, spites, spiting
USAGE EXAMPLES
It also says that Remini is an “obnoxious, spiteful ex-Scientologist” who is bitter that she was expelled from the church.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
Inoculate her with a pre-emptive pardon, and protect the country from having to endure such spiteful, dangerous and distracting antics.
Seattle Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Yes, Mr. Trump’s spiteful rhetoric drew their support - and not just from the fringe.
Washington Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 恶意的，居心不良的，故意使人苦恼的; 刻毒
分布：恶意的(68%)，怀恨的(32%)
→spite,恶意，怨恨，-ful,形容词后缀。
adj. 怀恨的，恶意的
 - malicious, vicious

Word: sinew
Front: sinew
[ˈsɪnju:] (宝 23614/20296)
Vocabulary: sinew
(once / 1261 pages)
n
The tendon that connects muscles to bone is also called sinew. The noun is also used to suggest strength and resilience, and is sometimes used as a literary term for muscle, literal or metaphorical, as in “a nation’s sinew.”
Sinew derives from before 900 A.D., with relatives found in the Dutch zenuw and the Old High German senawa, indicating a Germanic origin, and our present spelling worked its way through the Old English seonowe to become the Middle English sinewe. Aside from its anatomical meaning, the word is often used to present an image of strength and power, evident in filmmaker Ingmar Bergman’s statement, “I write scripts to serve as skeletons awaiting the flesh and sinew of images.”
WORD FAMILY
sinew: sinews, sinewy
USAGE EXAMPLES
Several were for packaging and food-preparation associates, but many hinted at how Amazon is building the sinews of an ambitious platform.
Seattle Times(Dec 10, 2016)
His anterior cruciate ligament, the sinew that keeps the shin bone in place under the thigh bone, was torn.
Washington Post(Dec 09, 2016)
Several were for packaging and food preparation associates, but many hinted at how Amazon is building the sinews of an ambitious platform.
Seattle Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 腱; 肌肉; 精力; 体力
adj. 无腱的; 无肌肉的; 无精力的; 无体力的
分布：精力(40%)，支持(18%)，肌肉(18%)，赋予力量(12%)，原动力(12%)
→来自古英语 sinu,肌腱，跟键，神经，来自 Proto-Germanic*sinwo,肌腱，来自 sne,编织， 织线，词源同 snood,needle,nerve.引申比喻义关键，要害等。
【记】si死，new新：死后的肌肉还是新的－生前强有力si死，new读：牛：这人死牛死牛的－强有力
【反】weakness＝frailty（n 虚弱；软弱）
noun
countable
■a tendon (= strong band of tissue in the body connecting a muscle to a bone) 腱，筋肉
countable usually plural
■a part of a structure or system that provides support and holds it together 支架，支柱
• These steel posts form the sinews of the building. 这些钢柱构成了该大楼的骨架。
['sɪn.ju:] noun
sinews of war mainly UK literary
■the money needed for weapons and supplies during a war 战争原动力（战争过程中用于购买武器和补给的钱）
n. 筋；肌腱；体力；精力
 - main, steam, vigor
vt. 加强；使牢固
 - enhance, cement, muscle, firm, build up

Word: sluice
Front: sluice
[slu:s] (宝 27590/21555)
Vocabulary: sluice
(once / 4168 pages)
nv
Anything that resembles a water slide with a gate is a sluice — a narrow channel that controls water flow.
The word originally comes from an old English word meaning a narrow channel that controlled a flow of water, usually to a watermill, and it still has that meaning. A sluice can also mean a splash — often with cold water and usually done with some vigor. A rude, watery slap in the face. Torture victims in movies inevitably have their faces sluiced to bring them round for further questioning.
WORD FAMILY
sluice: sluiced, sluices, sluicing
USAGE EXAMPLES
The storm roared ashore, overwhelmed the beaches, sluiced through cropland and ripped new docks from their marshy holdings.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 04, 2016)
More serious miners might consider investing in a suction dredge and sluice box - where legal - that allows them to process much more material.
Washington Times(Oct 13, 2016)
More serious miners might consider investing in a suction dredge and sluice box — where legal — that allows them to process much more material.
US News(Oct 13, 2016)
Back: n. 水闸; （用水闸控制的）水; 有闸人工水道; 漂洗处
vt. 冲洗; （指水）喷涌而出; 漂净; 给…安装水闸
时态：sluiced, sluicing, sluices
分布：水闸(58%)，冲洗(14%)，泄洪(12%)，奔流(6%)，堰(4%)，斜水槽(3%)，开水闸放水(3%)
→来自早期拼写 scluse,来自古法语 escluse,来自拉丁语 exclusa,水闸，闸门，来自 ex-,向外，-claus, 关闭，阻挡，词源同 close,conclusion.引申动词词义冲洗，流泻。
【记】s，lu露，ice冰－打开水闸，泄洪，就会露出下面的ice。
noun countable (also sluiceway)
■an artificial channel for carrying water, which has an opening at one end to control the flow of the water 水门；水闸； 排水道
[slu:s] verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■If water sluices out from somewhere, it flows in large amounts （水）大量溢出，泄出
• Water sluiced out from the pipes. 水从管道里大量溢出。
[slu:s] verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
  Phrasal Verbs  [M] sluice sth down/out
■to wash something with a large amount of running water 冲洗
• We had to sluice out the garage to get rid of the smell of petrol. 我们不得不冲洗车库，以除去汽油味。
n. [水利] 水闸；蓄水；洗矿槽
 - milldam, water gate
vt. 冲洗；开闸放水
 - syringe, irrigate

Word: stimulative
Front: stimulative
['stɪmjʊlətɪv] (33962/-)
Back: n. 刺激，促进因素
adj. 刺激的，激励的，促进的
分布：促进的(40%)，刺激的(30%)，激励的(30%)
adj. 促进的；刺激的；激励的
 - accelerating, incentive
n. 刺激；促进因素
 - incentive, excitement, needle, irritation

Word: strangulation
Front: strangulation
[ˌstræŋgjuˈleɪʃn] (宝 22171/26850)
Back: n. 扼死; 绞死; 勒死; 窒息
分布：勒死(55%)，扼杀(45%)
→strangle,使窒息，扼杀，勒死，-ation,名词后缀。
【记】strangle（v 扼死）你的一般都是stranger（n 陌生人）
noun uncountable
■the action of killing someone by pressing their throat so that they cannot breathe, or the act of dying in this way 勒死，掐死
• The post-mortem showed that the boy had died from strangulation. 尸体解剖显示男孩是被人勒死的。
n. [医] 绞窄；勒杀；钳制；压缩
 - compression, hitting

Word: condensation
Front: condensation
[ˌkɒndenˈseɪʃn] (托 15298/11952)
Vocabulary: condensation
(once / 3632 pages)
1n 2n 3n
Condensation can describe the act of making something shorter, like the condensation of the unabridged dictionary to one that is geared to elementary school students.
In addition to meaning "shortening," condensation also describes the act of changing a gas to a liquid or solid. You have seen this in summer, when the outside of your glass of ice water feels wet in your hand. As the heated air reaches the cold water, the surface of that water begins to evaporate, but it turns back to liquid. This moisture is also called condensation.
WORD FAMILY
condensation: condensations+/ condense: condensate, condensation, condensed, condenser, condenses, condensing/condenser: condensers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Selected Poems, 1968–2014, gathering five poems apiece from his 12 major collections, offers the clearest condensation of that history to date.
Slate(Dec 08, 2016)
Butler said it’s highly likely that the lack of a diffuser is what’s causing the condensation problem.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
His language was precise, his narratives marvels of condensation.
New York Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 冷凝; 冷凝液; 凝结的水珠; 节略
分布：凝结(79%)，浓缩(16%)，液滴(5%)
【反】rarefaction（n 稀薄）
US [ˌkɑ:n-] noun uncountable
■the drops of water that appear on cold windows or other surfaces, as a result of hot air or steam becoming cool 凝结的水珠
• We get a lot of condensation on the walls in the winter. 冬天，墙上会凝结很多水珠。
specialized
■the act or process of changing from a gas to a liquid or solid state （气体的）冷凝，凝结
n. [物] 冷凝；凝结； [声] 压缩
 - compression, hitting

Word: confectioner
Front: confectioner
[kənˈfekʃənə(r)] (16315/23981)
Back: n. 糖果制造人，糖果店
分布：糖果店(54%)，糖果制造人(46%)
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a company or person that makes or sells sweets or chocolates 甜食店；糖果店；甜点师傅；糖果商
n. 糖果制造人；糖果店；甜食商
 - sweet shop, tuck-shop

Word: crematorium
Front: crematorium
[ˌkreməˈtɔ:riəm] (29766/21558)
Back: n. 火葬场
分布：火葬场(100%)
US [-'tɔ:r.i-] (plural crematoriums or crematoria) (US also crematory)
noun countable
■a building where dead people's bodies are burnt, usually as part of a funeral ceremony 火葬场

Word: crispin

Word: controllable
Front: controllable
[kənˈtrəʊləbl] (20309/20324)
Back: adj. 可管理的，可操纵的，可控制的
分布：可控制的(72%)，能操纵的(15%)，可管理的(13%)
adj. [数] 可控制的；可管理的；能操纵的
 - governable, administrable

Word: cosie

Word: misogyny
Front: misogyny
[maiˈsɔdʒini] (22341/25112)
Vocabulary: misogyny
(once / 15192 pages)
n
Misogyny is the hatred of women. Whenever someone thinks that all women share one trait — usually something negative — that’s misogyny.
The noun misogyny, pronounced "miss-AH-jih-nee," comes from the Greek word misogynia, which means “woman-hater.” Misogyny is prejudice — like bigotry or racism — that’s directed toward women. Misogyny takes many forms, from hiring a less-qualified male job candidate instead of a woman to excluding women from joining a club, just because of their gender.
WORD FAMILY
misogyny: misogynic, misogynies, misogynism, misogynist, misogynous +/ misogynism: misogynisms, misogynistic / misogynist: misogynists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Melania Trump’s barely hidden misogyny revealed itself in her softball interview with Anderson Cooper in October.
Salon(Jan 01, 2017)
But Trump’s win and Clinton’s loss simply represented millions of voters’ failure to confront misogyny, however latent or overt.
Salon(Dec 26, 2016)
Most pro-lifers do not realize how often they participate in misogyny — just like the rest of us.
Salon(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 厌恶女人; 厌女癖
分布：厌女症(50%)，厌恶女人(50%)
厌恶女人(miso+gyny女人)[mis(o)=hate,表示"恨"]
US [-'sɑ:.dʒɪ-] noun uncountable
■the hatred of women 厌女症，女性贬抑

Word: pomerania

Word: prefix
Front: prefix
[ˈpri:fɪks] (23652/16214)
Vocabulary: prefix
(once / 1586 pages)
nv
A prefix is affix that's added in front of a word and often changes the meaning of it. Common prefixes include re-, un-, and mis-.
Lots of words have a prefix, and it's sometimes easier to figure out the meaning of those words if you know the meaning of the prefix. For example, the super- means "above" or "over"; hypo- and infra- mean "under." Prefix itself has a prefix: pre-, which means "before." In fact, the Latin root of prefix is praefixus, meaning "fixed in front." (Note our word's opposite here, suffix, which describes what is fixed at the back of a word.)
WORD FAMILY
prefix: prefixation, prefixed, prefixes, prefixing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Barred by German rules that forbid naming teams after corporate sponsors, the prefix “RB” was chosen.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
This new prefix is a number with history.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
The high street lender is now offering the non-binary "Mx" prefix on its forms.
BBC(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. <语>前缀; 人名前的称谓; 前置代号（置于前面的单词或字母、数字）
时态：prefixed, prefixing, prefixes
分布：前缀(98%)，置于前面(1%)，加 ... 作为前缀(1%)
→pre-,在前，fix,固定。引申词义前缀。
前缀(pre+fix固定→固定在前面→前缀)[pre-表示"...前的,预先"]
前缀(pre在前面+fix→在前面固定→前缀)[fix=fix,表示"固定"]
noun countable
GRAMMAR 文法
 ADVANCED
■a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a word to make a new word 前缀
• In the word 'unimportant', 'un-' is a prefix. 在单词 unimportant 中，un- 是前缀。
⇒ See also affix
['pri:.fɪks] noun countable
TELEPHONE 电话 UK a dialling code

Word: propagation
Front: propagation
[ˌprɒpə'ɡeɪʃn] (六宝 15569/12741)
Vocabulary: propagation
(once / 2364 pages)
1n 2n 3n
If your dog is about to have puppies, then she's is engaged in the propagation of dogs, the creation of new life to further the species.
Propagation has two main uses, both having to do with multiplying something. If it's used in relation to creatures, that means that the creatures are multiplying — having kids. A synonym for this is procreation. We also propagate ideas. Use propagation for anything that multiplies and spreads through larger and larger numbers or spaces — from the propagation of weeds in your garden to the propagation of belief in the divinity of snowmen. In physics, propagation is wave movement.
WORD FAMILY
propagation: propagations+/ propagate: propagated, propagates, propagating, propagation, propagative, propagator/propagator: propagators
USAGE EXAMPLES
The propagation of “fake news” for political purposes, one is reminded again reading Mr. Smith’s book, did not begin with the reign of Vladimir Putin.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
The propagation of such information through social networks bears many similarities to the evolution and transmission of infectious diseases.
Nature(Dec 20, 2016)
Like many trees, for oaks propagation is a numbers game.
Washington Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 传播，传输，蔓延，扩展，波及深度; 〔生〕繁殖法，〔地〕传导; 宣传; 培养
分布：传播(61%)，繁殖(34%)，增殖(4%)，传送(1%)
【反】extirpation（n 消灭；毁灭）
VERB
宣传；传播；使普及
If people propagate an idea or piece of information, they spread it and try to make people believe it or support it.
例：They propagated political doctrines which promised to tear apart the fabric of British society.他们鼓吹能颠覆英国社会结构的政治学说。
VERB
繁殖，培植（植物）
If you propagate plants, you grow more of them from the original ones.
例：The easiest way to propagate a vine is to take hardwood cuttings...栽培葡萄最简便的方法就是硬条扦插。
例：The pasque flower can be propagated from seed.欧白头翁可以通过种子进行繁殖。
n. [物] 传播； [生物] 繁殖；增殖
 - circulation, breeding, diffusion, spread, reproduction

Word: hammam

Word: heckler
Front: heckler
['heklə(r)] (22688/35794)
Vocabulary: heckler
(once / 15451 pages)
n
Have you ever screamed horrible things during a sports event, or taunted someone with cruel jokes? You might be a heckler, and you’re probably not very well-liked.
The word heckler is rooted in an old Dutch verb that means “to irritate, prickle,” and hecklers can be irritating indeed. They sit at baseball games and yell insults at the players, or start booing during a spelling bee. Some comedians love hecklers and often will start heckling them back. Other comedians will jump off stage and attack a heckler — so keep that in mind if you feel like adding heckler to your résumé.
WORD FAMILY
heckler: hecklers+/ heckle: heckled, heckler, heckles, heckling/heckling: hecklings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Rocco Mediate says Tiger Woods once physically held him back from going after a heckler at the 1999 Phoenix Open.
Golf Digest(Nov 22, 2016)
James Soderholm, professor of humanities at the school, told BBC that a heckler’s veto was essentially imposed on the school.
Washington Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Open tennis championships who did a nice job of ejecting some hecklers.
Washington Post(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: n. 诘问者
分布：诘问别人之人(100%)

Word: hubei

Word: headlight
Front: headlight
[ˈhedlaɪt] (8074/10508 -1)
Vocabulary: headlight
(once / 6538 pages)
n
If you’re driving a car at night, you’re using your car’s headlights to light up the road in front of you. Headlights are the eyes of a car or train, beaming light to help you see what is ahead.
The headlight is an important part of an automobile, and without it you could only drive at night where there are lots of street lights. On unlit roads, a deer might jump in front of your car and just stand there — staring into the light from your headlights. That’s where the expression “like a deer in headlights” comes from, and it means being really still after a shock, like you’re frozen in place.
WORD FAMILY
headlight: headlights
USAGE EXAMPLES
At 5:39 a.m., more than a dozen tow trucks, headlights on, paraded down Colorado, horns blaring.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 02, 2017)
It’s absurd how many cars and trucks are driving with only one functioning headlight.
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
As his father described it, he looked “like a deer in headlights.”
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
Back: n. （汽车等）的前灯; 照明灯
分布：前灯(91%)，桅灯(9%)
noun countable usually plural (UK also headlamp)
■a large powerful light at the front of a vehicle, usually one of two （车辆的）头灯，前灯
• I could see a car's headlights coming towards me. 我看见一辆车的车头灯离我越来越近。
• It was foggy, and all the cars had their headlights on. 天气雾蒙蒙的，所有的车都开着前灯。
• Dip your headlights (= Make them shine downwards) when you see another car coming towards you. 当看见迎面有另一辆车向你驶来时，你要把前灯调成近光。
Compare sidelight
['hed.laɪt] noun countable usually plural (UK also headlamp)
be like a deer / rabbit caught in the headlights
■to be so frightened or surprised that you cannot move or think 吓傻了，惊呆了
• Each time they asked him a question he was like a deer caught in the headlights. 每次他们问他问题时，他都一副吓傻了的样子。

Word: ignoble
Front: ignoble
[ɪgˈnəʊbl] (托宝 28022/33181)
Vocabulary: ignoble
(once / 1654 pages)
adj
Ignoble means not noble, but for those of us that don’t live in feudal England and don’t worry about lords or peasants, ignoble just means base, or low, like that dude in Biology who’s always telling fart jokes.
Ignoble means low, common, or humble, but we tend to use it to describe the lows of human nature, rather than economically humble people or places. So a picturesquely crumbing rustic cottage or a cool old diner is not ignoble, but perhaps a sketchy roadside bar is. Those that think that the human mind is the treasure of the world disdain ignoble animals like pigs or dogs––after all, they can’t compose lovely poems like we can.
WORD FAMILY
ignoble: ignobility, ignobleness, ignobler, ignoblest, ignobly+/ignobility: ignobilities
USAGE EXAMPLES
The most sublime and insightful words, more often than not, emerge from decidedly ignoble creatures.
Slate(Dec 20, 2016)
But it is more likely a more ignoble combination of populism and panic.
The Guardian(Dec 02, 2016)
Ginzburg, who grew up privileged but endured years of privation, calls money “an ignoble thing.”
The New Yorker(Sep 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 卑鄙的; 可耻的; 出身低微的; 地位低下的
分布：卑鄙的(40%)，不光彩的(33%)，卑贱的(17%)，平民的(10%)
→ig-,不，非，来自in-在字母g开头前的拼写异化，noble,高贵的，来自拉丁语gnobilis,高贵的，字母g脱落。即不高贵的，引申词义不光彩的。
【记】ig不，noble（adj 高尚的；贵族的；n 贵族）－不高贵的－卑鄙的
US [-'noʊ-] formal
adjective
■morally bad and making you feel ashamed 卑鄙的，可耻的
• an ignoble action/idea 卑鄙的行为／想法
adj. 不光彩的；卑鄙的；卑贱的
 - poor, mean, low, base, dirty

Word: hegemonic
Front: hegemonic
[ˌheɡɪ'mɒnɪk] (13606/27524)
Back: adj. 支配的，霸权的
分布：支配的(60%)，掌握霸权的(40%)
adj. 霸权的；支配的
 - dominant, ruling

Word: hatchery
Front: hatchery
[ˈhætʃəri] (托 15731/40138)
Back: n. （尤指鱼的）孵化场
分布：孵卵处(100%)
→hatch,孵化，-ery,名词后缀。
US [-ɚ-] noun countable
■a place where large numbers of eggs, especially fish eggs, are hatched and the young are taken care of （尤指鱼的）孵化场

Word: infantryman
Front: infantryman
[ˈɪnfəntrimən] (19265/26334)
Back: n. 步兵
分布：步兵(100%)
noun countable
■a soldier who fights on foot 步兵，步兵团
n. 步兵
 - fantassin, doughboy

Word: indra

Word: incredulity
Front: incredulity
[ˌɪnkrə'dju:lətɪ] (托宝 22402/15360)
Vocabulary: incredulity
(once / 2240 pages)
n
Incredulity is the state of not believing. I greeted the stranger's story about needing bus fare with incredulity. "I just don't believe you," I said. "The bit about your diabetic cat was a little over the top."
In Latin, credere means "to believe." You'll see it at the roots of creed "statement of belief," credible "believable," credulous "a person who readily believes," and incredulous "a person who doesn't."
WORD FAMILY
incredulity: incredulities+/ credulity: credulities, overcredulity/ credulous: credulity, credulously, credulousness, incredulous, overcredulous/ incredulous: incredulity, incredulously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Today, the poem reads like an eerie anticipation of liberal incredulity at Brexit and Trump and the other recent upheavals.
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
I followed up, masking my incredulity as I’ve been trained to do as a journalist.
The Guardian(Dec 28, 2016)
In a follow-up post, she expressed incredulity at how she was censored in the first place.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: n. 怀疑
分布：不轻信(100%)
不轻信(incredulous去掉ous,加上ity)[creed,cred=believe,trust,表示"相信,信任"]
n. 怀疑；不轻信，不易相信
 - doubt, challenge, suspicion

Word: impetuous
Front: impetuous
[ɪmˈpetʃuəs] (托宝 23230/21687)
Vocabulary: impetuous
(once / 633 pages)
adj
Someone impetuous acts too hastily or carelessly. Hotheaded, impulsive folks are impetuous.
If you're a careful person who thinks everything through and doesn't act rashly, then you're not very impetuous. Impetuous has to do with doing things on the spur of the moment — and not good things. Being impetuous usually goes along with being impatient and easily angered. If you're impetuous, you act quickly and thoughtlessly when you should just take a deep breath, relax, and think about the best thing to do.
WORD FAMILY
impetuous: impetuosity, impetuously, impetuousness+/impetuosity: impetuosities
USAGE EXAMPLES
She’s impetuous, calculating, extraordinary: It’s the kind of debut that promises great things.
Time(Dec 27, 2016)
“Nureyev was impetuous, glamorous, ardent,” Alastair Macaulay, the chief dance critic for The New York Times, recounted in an email.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Yet the elegant Mr. Tharaud’s version, at once probing and impetuous, is exceptional.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 冲动的; 鲁莽的; 猛烈的; 迅疾的
分布：冲动的(51%)，猛烈的(35%)，轻率的(14%)
→来自impetus,推动，刺激。
冲动的(impetus+ous)[pet=seek,表示"追寻,寻求"]
【反】deliberate（adj 深思熟虑的）；unobtrusive（adj 不唐突的）
adjective
■likely to act on a sudden idea or wish, without considering the results of your actions 冲动的，鲁莽的
• He's so impetuous - why can't he think things over before he rushes into them? 他太冲动了——为甚么他急着做事前不能仔细考虑一下呢？
■An impetuous word or action is said or done suddenly, without considering the likely results 轻率的，草率的
• The Prime Minister may now be regretting her impetuous promise to reduce unemployment by half. 首相现在可能后悔她轻率地承诺要将失业人数减少一半。
adj. 冲动的；鲁莽的；猛烈的
 - fierce, violent, hard, impulsive

Word: implantable
Front: implantable
[ɪm'plɑ:ntəbl] (27505/-)
Back: adj. 可植入的，可移植的
分布：可移植的(100%)
adj. 可移植的，可植入的
 - Portable, transplantable

Word: keyhole
Front: keyhole
[ˈki:həʊl] (19860/19664)
Back: n. 锁眼，钥匙孔
分布：钥匙孔(90%)，内幕的(5%)，偷偷打听的(5%)
→key,钥匙，hole,孔。
US [-hoʊl] noun countable
■a hole in a lock that you put a key into 锁眼，锁匙孔

Word: invertebrate
Front: invertebrate
[ɪnˈvɜ:tɪbrət] (托宝 18039/17362)
Vocabulary: invertebrate
(once / 10894 pages)
nadj
An invertebrate is an animal without a backbone. Invertebrate animals include fruit flies and sea sponges.
Your backbone allows you to stand up straight, and it also allows you to be grouped with the other vertebrates: animals with backbones. Invertebrates are the opposite: they have no backbone. These are the two major groups of animals. Also, this word is used for people who are spineless in the sense of having no courage. You could say a coward acts in an invertebrate way. Whether it's a backbone-free animal or a courage-free person, all invertebrates lack spines.
WORD FAMILY
invertebrate: invertebrates+/ vertebrate: invertebrate, vertebrates
USAGE EXAMPLES
Glenn Frei, a keeper of invertebrates who works closely with Miller and Mills, also said he supported the title.
Washington Times(Dec 02, 2016)
In 1986, construction of LACMA’s Japanese Pavilion was shut down for six weeks when excavation uncovered a major deposit of invertebrate fossils.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
The scientists looked for evidence of virus infection in a group of animals called invertebrates, which includes insects and spiders.
BBC(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 无脊椎的
n. 无脊椎动物
分布：无脊椎动物(83%)，无脊椎的(17%)
→in-,不，非，vertebrate,脊椎动物。
【记】vertebrate（n /adj 有脊椎动物）；vert转，ebrate＝elaborate（adj 精细复杂的）－一节一节的精细复杂的转在一起－有脊椎动物
US [-'vɝ:.tˌə-] specialized
noun countable
■an animal with no spine 无脊椎动物
• Invertebrates, such as worms, are the main diet of these water birds. 蠕虫之类的无脊椎动物是这些水鸟的主要食物。
Compare vertebrate
adj. [无脊椎] 无脊椎的；无骨气的
 - spineless
n. [无脊椎] 无脊椎动物；无骨气的人
 - Invertebrate Zoology

Word: infestation
Front: infestation
[ˌɪnfe'steɪʃn] (16718/22880)
Vocabulary: infestation
(once / 21335 pages)
n
An infestation is an invasion of insects on a place like a house or an attack by insects on a plant.
If you're scared of bugs, you're not going to like learning about an infestation, which is a huge amount of insects going where they're not supposed to be. If a house is full of cockroaches or other bugs, that's an infestation. One or two bugs doesn't count: an infestation means lots of bugs are invading, and it's a huge problem. Also, when plants are attacked by lots of swarming insects, that's called an infestation or plague.
WORD FAMILY
infestation: disinfestation, infestations+/ infest: disinfest, infestation, infested, infesting, infests
USAGE EXAMPLES
New York, Massachusetts and Ohio are already fighting longhorned beetle infestations.
Washington Times(Jan 03, 2017)
A MedFly infestation several years ago caused billions of dollars in damage to crops in California.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Experts say that to keep those trees alive through the looming infestation would require $150 chemical treatments every two years.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: n. （害虫、盗贼等）群袭，出没，横行
分布：名词(100%)
VERB
(昆虫、老鼠等)大批出没于,侵扰
When creatures such as insects or rats infest plants or a place, they are present in large numbers and cause damage.
例：...pests like aphids which infest cereal crops.像蚜虫这样大肆侵害谷物的害虫
VERB
遍布于;充斥
If you say that people or things you disapprove of or regard as dangerous are infesting a place, you mean that there are large numbers of them in that place.
例：Crime and drugs are infesting the inner cities.市中心充斥着犯罪与毒品。
n. 感染；侵扰
 - affection

Word: intermingle
Front: intermingle
[ˌɪntəˈmɪŋgl] (宝 22330/22363)
Vocabulary: intermingle
(once / 2685 pages)
v
Things that intermingle get mixed up with each other. Tall grasses and daisies might intermingle in your parents' backyard, but your parents may choose not to intermingle with their neighbors.
When kids from diverse backgrounds intermingle in school, they learn more about people who are different from themselves, and when several different flavors intermingle successfully in a recipe, the taste is complex and delicious. Intermingle intermingles the prefix inter-, "among or between" and mingle, from the Middle English myngen, "to mix," from a Proto-Germanic root meaning "to knead together."
WORD FAMILY
intermingle: intermingled, intermingles, intermingling+/ mingle: intermingle, mingled, mingles, mingling/mingled: unmingled/mingling: minglings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Throughout the story, mundane anxieties—always being early, tongue fungus—intermingle with larger world events, such as two bombings.
The New Yorker(Dec 26, 2016)
Intermingled memories of their mother are always with them.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
“The natural causes are the inside, the human causes are the outside, and they intermingle, causing heavy pollution,” Mr. Xu said.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. （使）混合，混在一起
时态：intermingled, intermingling, intermingles
分布：混合(70%)，搀和(20%)，交织(10%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，mingle,混合。
【记】mingle（v 使混合）读：民工－混合了各地的人。
US [-tˌɚ-] verb intransitive
■to become mixed together 混合，混在一起
• The flavours intermingle to produce a very unusual taste. 多种味道混合在一起产生了一种非常独特的口味。
• Fact is intermingled with fiction throughout the book. 写实和虚构交织在一起，贯穿整本书的始终。
vt. 使混合；使搀和
 - composite, babelize
vi. 混合；掺杂
 - mix together, to blend

Word: koestler

Word: kibbutz
Front: kibbutz
[kɪˈbʊts] (20674/47515)
Vocabulary: kibbutz
(once / 29329 pages)
n
A kibbutz is a cooperative Israeli farming community. Kibbutzim provide about forty percent of Israel's agricultural output.
The first kibbutz was formed in 1909, and back then farming was even more important than it is in today's kibbutzim (yes, this is the plural form of kibbutz). The original philosophy of kibbutzim was somewhat utopian, a belief in the creation of a perfect, equal society, and based in socialist ideals of shared ownership and a communal lifestyle. The word comes from the Modern Hebrew qibbus, "a gathering."
WORD FAMILY
kibbutz: kibbutzes, kibbutzim
USAGE EXAMPLES
His plot of land, on the outskirts of the kibbutz, sits way below sea level in the humid and dusty Jordan Valley.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
“It was like a kibbutz, all of us living in little bungalows, beautiful and green with no cars,” says Gadot.
Time(Dec 19, 2016)
For a while she worked on a kibbutz, then moved to Jerusalem and joined the Haganah, a Jewish defense organization.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: n. 以色列的集体农场
分布：以色列的集体农场(100%)
→以色列的共同生活、工作、决策、和分配收入的合作农场或工厂。来自希伯来语qibbus,聚集，集中。
[kɪ'bʊts] (plural kibbutzim or kibbutzes)
noun countable
■a farm or factory in Israel where profits and duties are shared and all work is valued equally 基布兹，集体农场（以色列的合作农场或工厂）
• to work on a kibbutz 在合作农场工作

Word: lusty
Front: lusty
[ˈlʌsti] (托宝 19459/20919)
Vocabulary: lusty
(once / 1064 pages)
1adj 2adj
Someone who's lusty is healthy and passionate. A lusty young farm worker is strong and energetic, tackling each new challenge enthusiastically.
You can be lusty in love, yearning for or infatuated with another person. You can also be lusty for life, filled with great strength and eager to live each day to the fullest. As time has gone by, lust and lusty have gained the "full of desire" meaning and lost some of the thirteenth century "joyful" sense of the words.
WORD FAMILY
lusty: lustier, lustiest, lustily, lustiness+/ lust: lusted, lustful, lusting, lusts, lusty /lustful: lustfully, lustfulness/lustfulness: lustfulnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
There is a coffee-table book, Lost Seattle, featuring deceased landmarks from the Lusty Lady strip joint to the Fun Forest amusement park.
Seattle Times(Nov 25, 2016)
It’s a land of lusty men’s choirs, salty harbors, slate-roofed villages, stunning mountains.
Seattle Times(Nov 15, 2016)
Less obvious, until you look, is the poetry of pleasure, the delight in the beauty of the world and the lusty pursuit of sexual satisfaction.
Washington Post(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 健壮的，强壮的; 又高又粗
级别：lustier, lustiest
分布：精力充沛的(46%)，健壮的(38%)，贪欲的(11%)，欢乐的(5%)
→来自lust原义，欲望，追求，引申词义动力，精力。即有动力的，有精力的，健壮的。
精力充沛的(lust+y→人有光→满面红光→精力充沛的)[luc,lust=light,shine,表示"光,照亮"]
adjective
■healthy; energetic; full of strength and power 强而有力的；精力充沛的，体力旺盛的
• a baby's lusty cry 婴儿响亮的哭声
• We could hear the lusty singing of the church choir. 我们能听到教堂唱诗班那高亢的歌声。
adj. 精力充沛的；健壮的
 - live, energetic, vigorous, restored

Word: merciful
Front: merciful
[ˈmɜ:sɪfl] (高六托 17622/19546)
Vocabulary: merciful
(once / 441 pages)
1adj 2adj
Use the adjective merciful to describe someone who has compassion for other people, especially when he is in a position to punish them or treat them harshly.
If you're caught cheating on a math test, your best hope is that your teacher will be merciful, or that she will forgive you for what you've done. Forgiving someone or relieving a person's pain are both merciful acts. The word merciful also has religious connotations which come from the root word mercy, used since the 12th century to mean "God's forgiveness of his creatures' offenses." The origin is the Old French merci, "pity or thanks."
WORD FAMILY
merciful: mercifuler, mercifully, mercifulness, unmerciful+/ merciless: mercilessly, mercilessness/ mercy: mercies, merciful, merciless /unmerciful: unmercifully, unmercifulness
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The merciful Lord looks at us all without any distinction,” Mr. Andrino said.
New York Times(Sep 03, 2016)
“Death is a thousand times more merciful than being wounded,” he said.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 09, 2016)
A miserable season will come to a merciful end soon enough.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 仁慈的，宽恕的，温和的，（情形）良好的，顺利的，（处罚）宽大的
分布：仁慈的(78%)，宽大的(22%)
→mercy,宽大，怜悯，仁慈。
US ['mɝ:-] approving
adjective
PERSON 人
■describes someone who shows kindness and forgiveness to people who are in their power 宽大的；慈悲的，仁慈的
• "God is merciful," said the priest. “上帝是仁慈的，”神父说道。
• a merciful ruler 仁慈的统治者
UK ['mɜ:.sɪ.fəl] US ['mɝ:-] approving
adjective
EVENT/SITUATION 事件／情况
■describes an event or situation which you are grateful for because it stops something unpleasant 令人解脱的；使人松一口气的
• After such a long illness, her death came as a merciful release. 经历了如此漫长的病痛折磨之后，她的死算是一种幸运的解脱。
tolerantj, merciful
这两个形容词均含“宽容的”之意。
tolerantj: 指不固执己见，能够宽容或谅解他人的开明态度。
merciful: 指同情或怜悯。
adj. 仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的
 - kind, humane

Word: manhood
Front: manhood
[ˈmænhʊd] (11813/14957 -1)
Vocabulary: manhood
(once / 458 pages)
n
The word manhood describes both the adult period in a male human's life, and the qualities that make him a man. Some people believe that a boy reaches manhood when he hits puberty, while others maintain that manhood is based on becoming independent and responsible. Peter Pan just opted out.
Teenage boys sometimes do dangerous things to "prove their manhood," like driving recklessly or getting in fights. It's not uncommon to equate manhood with "macho" characteristics and behavior, but the true proof of manhood lies in things like being a good father or becoming a responsible and caring adult. In the thirteenth century, manhood applied to both men and women, "state of being human," from the Old English man, "person."
WORD FAMILY
manhood: manhoods+/foreman: foremanship, foremen/ man: foreman, maned, manful, manhood, maning, manlike, manly, manned, manning, mannish, mans, men, superman, unman/manful: manfuler, manfully, manfulness, unmanful/manlike: manlikely, unmanlike/manliness: manlinesss/ manly: manlier, manliest, manliness, unmanly/manned: undermanned/mannish: mannishly/ men: mens/superman: supermen/unman: unmanned, unmanning, unmans/unmanful: unmanfully/unmanly: unmanliness
USAGE EXAMPLES
His rigid ideas about work, responsibility and manhood constitute not a demand for attention, but an assertion of dignity.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
This way of imagining manhood amplifies the worst messages our culture offers – that men should not demonstrate pain and vulnerability or seek help.
Salon(Dec 14, 2016)
For whatever reason, most golfers view letting others ahead as a shot to their manhood.
Golf Digest(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. 成年; 男子; 男子气概; 刚毅之气
分布：成年(63%)，男子气概(26%)，勇气(11%)
→man,男人，-hood,名词后缀。比喻用法。
成年[-hood表名词"时期,性质等"]
noun
uncountable
■the state of being a man （男性的）成年（期）
• The story is seen through the eyes of a boy on the verge of manhood. 故事是从一个快成年的男孩的角度写的。
• A celebration is held for the boy at the age when he is considered to have reached manhood. 男孩到了公认为已届成年的年龄时，人们会为他举行一个庆祝仪式。
uncountable
■the qualities that are considered typical of a man 男子气概，男子气
• Tall, square-jawed and handsome, this young actor is Hollywood's ideal of manhood. 这个青年男演员高大英俊、下巴方正，是好莱坞男子汉形象的模范。
uncountable literary
■men, especially all the men of a particular country 男子（尤指某一国家的全部男子）
• The flower of the nation's manhood (= the best young men in the country) was killed in the war. 这个国家最优秀的青年男子都死于战争。
uncountable mainly humorous
■a man's ability to express or experience sexual feelings （男子的）性能力
• Why do you think he needs to have so many women around him - is it just a way of proving his manhood? 你觉得他需要那么多女人在身边是为甚么——只是为了证明他的性能力？
only singular humorous
■penis 阴茎
• Careful you don't trap your manhood in your zip! 小心拉拉链，别夹住你的命根子！
n. 成年；男子；男子气概
 - majority, adulthood

Word: kyle
Front: kyle
[kaɪl] (-/13115)
Back: n. 狭海峡
n. （苏）狭海峡，海峡
 - neck, narrow, channel, sound

Word: lucre
Front: lucre
[ˈlu:kə(r)] (宝 36563/37670)
Vocabulary: lucre
(once / 6274 pages)
n
Lucre is another word for money, or profit. It's most often used to describe money gotten illegally or immorally.
Well-heeled bankers and lawyers make profits; drug dealers and bank robbers get filthy, rotten lucre. You might think of lucre as the term that gets at the dark side of capitalism. Some people will do anything in the pursuit of lucre. Political groups that call Hollywood immoral still accept the lucre that it offers. We all love money, except when it causes us to do terrible things to ourselves and others. Then it's lucre.
WORD FAMILY
lucre: lucres
USAGE EXAMPLES
The lucre that purchases, and the people who buy these assets are anathema to the notion of revealing their identity.
New York Times(Jul 11, 2016)
Boy, that's a tough one for anyone interested in winning, no matter how much lucre Dolan ponies...
New York Times(Jul 09, 2016)
America is much safer for legally earned wealth that is evading taxes than for lucre that was filthy from the start.
Economist(Feb 18, 2016)
Back: n. <贬>金钱收益，利润
分布：利润(100%)
→来自拉丁语lucrum,财富，收益，常用于贬义指不义之财。可能来自rei,撕，抢，词源同rob,rip.比较loot.
US [-kɚ] old-fashioned disapproving or humorous
noun uncountable
■money or profit 金钱；利润
• filthy lucre 不义之财
n. 收益；钱财；利润
 - margin, profit, gain, proceeds, yield

Word: mantel
Front: mantel
['mæntl] (13454/34757)
Vocabulary: mantel
(once / 2234 pages)
n
A mantel is a shelf that sticks out just above a fireplace. People often put trophies and pictures on their mantel.
If your house has a fireplace, chances are you also have a mantel. A mantel is a handy place to display anything you like looking at or want to show off to visitors. Trophies and prizes are common things to find on a mantel, as are pictures of family and friends. If you want people to see something, put it on the mantel.
WORD FAMILY
mantel: mantels, overmantel+/overmantel: overmantels
USAGE EXAMPLES
He notes that this kind of conjuring is widespread among novelists, and cites examples including Charles Dickens, Joseph Conrad, Virginia Woolf, and Hilary Mantel.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
They’ve mastered his signature dance move and hang pictures of him on their mantel between Grandpa and white Jesus. And why not?
Salon(Dec 26, 2016)
Many of the materials for the centerpieces and mantel decorations in the dining room and other rooms are recycled from previous years, Tomblin said.
Washington Times(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: n. 壁炉架，壁炉台
分布：壁炉架(100%)
N-COUNT
壁炉架;壁炉台
A mantel is a mantelpiece.
例：On the mantel were photographs of a man and a woman.壁炉架上面是一对男女的一些照片。
n. 壁炉架
 - chimney piece

Word: methuselah

Word: mhc

Word: methodological
Front: methodological
[ˌmeθədə'lɒdʒɪkl] (10971/9331)
Vocabulary: methodological
(once / 87551 pages)
adj
Use the adjective methodological when you want to describe something that relates to the methods and practices of a certain discipline. As a doctor, you should always follow best methodological practices. If a patient has a headache, don't treat him for a sore foot or vice versa.
The roots of the adjective methodological can be broken into parts. Working backwards, -ical means "of or pertaining to," -ology means "branch of knowledge," and method is from both the Latin and Greek words methodus, meaning "a way of teaching or scientific inquiry." If you don't limit the variables, your research may have poor methodology. If you want to look at genes in blue-eyed people, but you study green-eyed people as well, you will have methodological problems.
WORD FAMILY
methodological: methodologically+/ methodology: methodological, methodologies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Research started up again in the 1990s, but it has been hampered by strict regulations and methodological issues.
Science Magazine(Dec 01, 2016)
A controversial early draft accused research critics of “methodological terrorism”; it was later revised.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
“The methodological leaders are using things like R markdown,” he says.
Nature(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 方法的，方法论的; 教学法的
分布：方法论的(52%)，方法的(48%)
N-VAR
（进行教学、研究等的）方法论,方法学，一套方法
A methodology is a system of methods and principles for doing something, for example for teaching or for carrying out research.
例：Teaching methodologies vary according to the topic...题目不同，教学法也不一样。
例：In their own work they may have favored the use of methodology different from mine.他们在做自己的工作时，也许更喜欢使用和我不一样的一套方法。

Word: mixer
Front: mixer
[ˈmɪksə(r)] (六 8987/12301 -1)
Back: n. 搅拌器; 混合器; 调音师
分布：混频器(54%)，搅拌器(30%)，调酒用的饮料(8%)，声音混合操作员(4%)，交际家(4%)
→来自mix,搅拌。
US [-sɚ] noun
MACHINE 机器
countable
■a machine which mixes substances 搅拌器
• a cement mixer 水泥搅拌机
• an electric (food) mixer 电动（食物）搅拌器
UK ['mɪk.sər] US [-sɚ] noun
DRINK 饮料
countable
■a drink which does not contain alcohol and which can be mixed with an alcoholic drink, especially a spirit (= strong alcoholic drink) 调酒用的饮料
• We have ginger ale, tonic water and various other mixers. 我们有姜汁汽水、奎宁水和其他各种调酒饮料。
UK ['mɪk.sər] US [-sɚ] noun
SOCIALIZE 交际
a good/bad mixer
■someone who is good/bad at socializing 善于／不善于交际的人
• You get to know lots of people at college if you're a good mixer. 如果你善于交际，在大学里会认识许多人。
■US old-fashioned
■a party or dance which has been organized so that people in a group can get to know each other （旨在让人们互相认识的）舞会，派对
• The school always holds a mixer on the second week of the term. 学校总是在学期的第二周举行舞会。
n. [电影] [广播] [电子] [地物] [通信] 混合器； [机] 搅拌器；混频器
 - commingler, hybrider

Word: nihilism
Front: nihilism
[ˈnaɪɪlɪzəm] (宝 22340/34302)
Vocabulary: nihilism
(once / 5194 pages)
n
If you're one of those people who believe there's nothing worth believing in, your doctrine is nihilism. In philosophy, nihilism is the complete rejection of moral values and religious beliefs.
It is such a negative outlook that it denies any meaning or purpose in life. In political theory, nihilism is carried to an even greater extreme, arguing for the destruction of all existing political and social institutions. The term nihilism was borrowed from German Nihilismus, since the doctrine was developed by the German philosopher Friedrich Jacobi. The German word is formed from Latin nihil "nothing" plus the suffix –ismus "a doctrine or theory."
WORD FAMILY
nihilism: nihilisms, nihilist, nihilistic +/ nihilist: nihilists/ nihilistic: nihilistically
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s as dense in nihilism as Schoolboy Q’s past work, but with a difference — the sliver of light.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
If not, then what path is there but nihilism, fatalism, and resignation?
Slate(Dec 26, 2016)
He stated that the prize "celebrates ugliness, nihilism and narcissism" and "the tragic emptiness of now".
BBC(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 虚无主义，极端怀疑论
分布：无政府主义(100%)
→来自拉丁语nihil,什么都没有，虚无。
虚无主义(nihil+ism主义)[nihil=nothing,表示"无,不存在"]
【记】nihil无，ism一虚无主义
【参】annihilate（v 消灭）；nihil（n 虚无）；nil（n 零）
['naɪ.ə.lɪ.zəm] specialized
noun uncountable
■a belief that all political and religious organizations are bad, or a system of thought which says that there are no principles or beliefs which have any meaning or can be true 虚无主义
n. 虚无主义；无政府主义；恐怖行为
 - anarchism

Word: nonchalance
Front: nonchalance
['nɒnʃələns] (宝 22289/25257)
Vocabulary: nonchalance
(once / 5378 pages)
n
Nonchalance is a casual lack of concern, a relaxed state without anxiety or enthusiasm. Like how you'd act if the girl you've had a secret crush on since grade school asks you to the prom. (Or maybe not.)
It's hard to achieve nonchalance. If you're like most people, there's always going to be something that will rattle you. And you can forget about behaving with chalance, because chalance isn't a word. Sometimes you hear people say that so-and-so acted with "studied nonchalance," which means to sort of fake it. Oddly, the word's origins go back to the Latin calere, which is the same word as the root of calorie. A calorie is a unit of energy, and to act with nonchalance is to refrain from showing too much energy or excitement, so actually, it makes sense.
WORD FAMILY
nonchalant: nonchalance, nonchalantly
USAGE EXAMPLES
They began meeting once a week for drinks, dates and sleeping over, always with a show of nonchalance.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
Talking to reporters on other newspapers was sometimes difficult too, if you wanted to conform to the required “savvy” nonchalance of the modern profession.
The Guardian(Nov 13, 2016)
The nonchalance of the former Tri-Pro Forest Products employee and father of five children disguised very real stress.
Washington Times(Nov 12, 2016)
Back: n. 漠不关心，无动于衷，冷淡
分布：冷淡(53%)，不关心(28%)，无动于衷(19%)
n. 冷淡；漠不关心；冷静
 - indifference, pococurantism

Word: omnibus
Front: omnibus
[ˈɒmnɪbəs] (20139/19049)
Vocabulary: omnibus
(once / 1453 pages)
nadj
An omnibus is another word for a bus, as in a large vehicle carrying lots of passengers. Other names are autobus and coach.
This word has bus in it, and that's the main meaning of omnibus. As a book, an omnibus is collection of articles either all on the same subject or written by a single author. An omnibus of Joyce Carol Oates would fill more shelves than all of Shakespeare’s plays. A third meaning is something that covers a lot of different subjects at once, like an omnibus bill that has legislation about gun control, transportation, and parking meters.
WORD FAMILY
omnibus: omnibuses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Consider, for instance, “The Library,” included in the omnibus “Impossible Stories I.”
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
Both could complicate agreement on FDA changes and NIH funding, essentially making the bill into an omnibus health-care measure.
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
As if to mark the sea change that had occurred, Converse self-recorded an omnibus tape of all her guitar songs to date.
The New Yorker(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. <正>公共汽车; 文库; 选集; 汇编
adj. 综合的; 包括多项的; 普通人; 老百姓
分布：公共汽车(46%)，公共马车(19%)，综合性的(13%)，总括的(11%)，精选集(11%)
→来自拉丁语omnibus,全部，所有，来自omnis的复数与格形式。引申词义汇编。原也用于指公共马车，现用于指公共汽车，通常缩写为bus.
US ['ɑ:m-] noun countable
SEVERAL PARTS 几部分
■a book consisting of two or more parts that have already been published separately （若干已发表作品的）选集，汇编 Compare anthology UK a programme consisting of two or more parts that have already been broadcast separately （由曾播出的节目组成的）综合节目
• the omnibus edition of a soap opera 连续剧的多集连播版
UK ['ɒm.nɪ.bəs] US ['ɑ:m-] noun countable
TRANSPORT 交通 old use
■a bus 公共汽车，公车
UK ['ɒm.nɪ.bəs] US ['ɑ:m-] noun countable
the man / woman on the Clapham omnibus UK old-fashioned
■an imaginary person whose opinions or ideas are considered to be typical of those of ordinary British people 普通英国人
• The man on the Clapham omnibus probably knows nothing about Rwanda. 一般的英国人很可能对卢旺达一无所知。
n. 公共汽车；精选集；文集
 - bus, motorcoach
adj. 综合性的；总括的；（包括）多项的
 - syntaxic, all-around

Word: offstage
Front: offstage
[ˌɒfˈsteɪdʒ] (宝 32806/34042)
Vocabulary: offstage
(once / 13744 pages)
1adjadvn 2adjadv
Offstage describes something that happens in the area of a theater stage that the audience can't see. An actor who's getting ready for his cue to stride onstage and say, "To be or not to be!" stands offstage.
Offstage is a handy adverb when you're talking about a play. Things that happen offstage might not be visible to the audience, but they're vital to the show: costumers sew on missing buttons offstage, stagehands move parts of the set offstage during scene changes, and actors practice their lines offstage. Offstage works as an adjective or noun as well. You can use it figuratively too, for anything that goes on out of public sight.
WORD FAMILY
offstage
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ms. Reynolds, offstage, was a gift she reserved for her daughter and family alone.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
“She captivates when she does nothing. She captivates when she scurries offstage, leaving her audience staring at the detritus of a solo.”
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
On the night of July 29, 2015, Leadon and Frey huddled together offstage in Bossier City, La., as the crowd cheered.
Washington Post(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: n. 舞台内部，舞台后面
分布：不在舞台上的(25%)，不在舞台上地(25%)，戏外(25%)，戏外的(25%)
US [ˌɑ:f-] adjective
■off the stage, or happening behind or at the side of the stage, so that people who are watching cannot see 不在舞台上的；台后的；幕后的
• The main characters are offstage for most of the second act. 第二幕的大部分时间主角都没有上场。
■describes a performer when they are not performing in a play or film, etc （演员）在舞台之外的，舞台下的，现实生活中的
• Though best known for the funny and outspoken roles that she plays on screen, offstage she is shy and rather serious. 虽然在银幕上她以扮演滑稽可笑、口无遮拦的角色而闻名，但在现实生活中，她既腼腆又相当严肃。

Word: numerate
Front: numerate
['nju:mərət] (-/37322)
Vocabulary: numerate
(once / 408 pages)
vadj
To numerate is to count, number, or list. You might numerate your ten New Year's resolutions, starting with number one.
As a verb, numerate is often used as a less-common synonym for enumerate, "to name in a list." You can also use this word as an adjective to mean "fluent in understanding numbers." If you're literate, you can read, and if you're numerate, you can count, add, subtract, and generally use numbers. The Latin root word is numerus, "a number."
WORD FAMILY
numerate: innumerate, numerable, numeracy, numerated, numeration+/ innumerable: innumerableness, innumerably/numerable: denumerable, innumerable, unnumerable/numeration: numerations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Millions enter the workforce every year who are barely literate or numerate.
Economist(Jun 02, 2016)
Millions enter the workforce every year who are barely literate or numerate.
Economist(Jun 02, 2016)
"They won't be numerate or literate in their own language, let alone English," he told Sky News.
BBC(May 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 识数的，有计算能力的
vt. 数，列举; 数，列举
时态：numerated, numerating, numerates
分布：数(55%)，列举(23%)，数学基础好的(15%)，点(7%)
US ['nu:-] specialized
adjective
■able to add, subtract, etc 有计算能力的
• Geography graduates are literate and numerate and have very good IT skills. 地理系的毕业生具备读写和计算能力，而且精通网际网路技能。
vt. [数] 数，列举；读（数）
 - specify, enumerate

Word: nitrous
Front: nitrous
['naɪtrəs] (23402/26663)
Back: adj. 氮的，含氮的，硝石的
分布：含有三价氮的(100%)
adj. [化学] 氮的；硝石的；含氮的
 - azo

Word: panellist
Front: panellist
[ˈpænəlɪst] (-/36633)
Back: n. 小组辩论，猜谜参加者
分布：猜谜参加者(60%)，小组辩论(40%)
(US panelist) ['pæn.əl.ɪst] noun countable
■a member of a panel (TEAM) 陪审团成员
• Panellists on the Arts Review Board serve for a maximum of three years. 艺术评审委员会的成员任期最长为三年。

Word: parentage
Front: parentage
[ˈpeərəntɪdʒ] (24279/19414 -1)
Back: n. 出身，门第; 父母亲的身份; 起源; 亲子关系
分布：出身(49%)，血统(27%)，亲子关系(24%)
→来自parent,父母，-age,名词后缀。比喻用法。
US ['per.ən.tˌɪdʒ] noun uncountable
■When you refer to a person's parentage, you mean their parents and/or their parent's country and social class 出身，世系，家世
• The novel starts when a child of unknown parentage is left at the house of the local priest. 小说是以一个双亲不明的孩子被遗弃在当地牧师的家门前开始的。
• She is of mixed Australian and Japanese parentage. 她既有澳大利亚血统又有日本血统。
n. 出身；亲子关系；门第；起源
 - origin, birth, extraction

Word: overconfidence
Front: overconfidence
['əʊvə'kɒnfɪdəns] (27241/-)
Back: n. 过分相信，自负
分布：自负(89%)，自信过强(11%)
n. 自负；过分相信
 - ego, conceitedness

Word: paediatric
Front: paediatric
[ˌpi:dɪ'ætrɪk] (29026/22301)
Back: adj. 儿科的，儿科医学的
分布：儿科医学的(100%)
UK (ALSO US pediatric) [ˌpi:.di'æt.rɪk] adjective
■relating to the medical care of children 儿科学的，小儿科的
• paediatric medicine 小儿科
• a paediatric hospital 小儿科医院

Word: pedantic
Front: pedantic
[pɪˈdæntɪk] (26651/20086)
Vocabulary: pedantic
(once / 2101 pages)
adj
There's nothing wrong with focusing on the details, but someone who is pedantic makes a big display of knowing obscure facts and details.
Pedantic means "like a pedant," someone who's too concerned with literal accuracy or formality. It's a negative term that implies someone is showing off book learning or trivia, especially in a tiresome way. You don't want to go antique-shopping with a pedantic friend, who will use the opportunity to bore you with his in-depth knowledge of Chinese porcelain kitty-litter boxes.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
didactic / pedantic
Both words relate to teaching, but didactic teaches a lesson and pedantic just shows off the facts.
Didactic describes anything that tries to teach a lesson, sometimes a moral one. People don't always want a lesson. Didactic comes from the Greek didaktikos for "apt at teaching." Although being didactic is perfect for a teacher, it can be annoying when movies and books get into teacher mode. See below:
"Being Here is tough to absorb in one take, and it borders on being too didactic." (New York Times)
"It's not didactic or propagandistic in its approach, but it's honest. It makes you want to know more. It makes you want to get involved." (Washington Post)
Didactic also refers to a method of teaching that involves repetition:
"This is unnecessarily repeated, but fortunately such didactic intrusions are kept to a minimum." (Los Angeles Times)
The word pedantic is from the Italian pedante for "teacher." What a coincidence. Teachers aren't usually pedantic, but sticklers are. Pedantic music snobs list twenty bands from Iceland that you have to go listen to now. Pedantic grammar nerds say to never split an infinitive. Pedantic is not a compliment. Check out these examples:
"Tristram Shandy makes fun of nearly everything, but especially the pompous and pedantic." (Slate)
"I know that some readers may find my language-stickler columns pedantic, or, even worse, tedious." (The Guardian)
"Readers responded: They found this arbitrary, arrogant, pedantic and just plain wrong." (Washington Post)
It's cool if a teacher leads a didactic discussion on Hamlet, but it's not cool if the teacher's pet takes over with a pedantic rant about how it should always be referred to as The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark.
WORD FAMILY
pedantic: pedantically, pedantry +/ pedant: pedantic, pedants/ pedantry: pedantries
USAGE EXAMPLES
In his introduction, he explains that when he first heard of this feud, and their pedantic exchanges, he couldn’t help but laugh.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
There is a fussily pedantic side to the project.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 06, 2016)
Genuine discussions over criticism, identity and censorship were paralysed and waylaid by Twitter voices obsessed with rhetorical fallacies and pedantic debating practices.
The Guardian(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 卖弄学问的; 学究式的，迂腐的; 卖弄笔墨
分布：迂腐的(40%)，学究式的(33%)，卖弄学问的(27%)
【记】ped脚，ant蚂蚁，ic：脚踩了蚂蚁是书呆子的正面特征，因为一边走路一边看书。
【参】pedal（n 踏脚板；脚蹬）；peddle（v 叫卖）源于蹬着小车叫卖；peddler（n 小贩）
US [ped'æn-] disapproving
adjective
■giving too much attention to formal rules or small details 迂腐的，学究式的，书呆子气的
• They were being unnecessarily pedantic by insisting that Berry himself, and not his wife, should have made the announcement. 他们太拘泥于形式，坚持要求由贝利本人而不是他妻子来宣布，这实在没有必要。
adj. 迂腐的；学究式的；卖弄学问的；假装学者的
 - donnish

Word: phage
Front: phage
[feɪdʒ] (27167/30924)
Back: n. 抗菌素，噬菌体
分布：噬菌体(100%)
n. [病毒] 噬菌体
 - bacterial virus, bacteriophage

Word: pitiless
Front: pitiless
[ˈpɪtiləs] (宝 24846/34039)
Vocabulary: pitiless
(once / 1467 pages)
adj
Pitiless means "without mercy" or "cruel." Movie critics are often described as pitiless, because if they hate a film, they don't hold back or consider the feelings of the people who poured their hearts into making it.
The root word of the adjective pitiless is pity. If someone lacks all sympathy or tenderness, you can describe them as pitiless. People who are annoyed that they have to step out of the way of homeless people who huddle against buildings in winter are probably pitiless — they just don't care about the plights of others. How can you tell if your friends are pitiless? They seem bored or annoyed when you are upset about something.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
pitiable / pitiful / piteous / pitiless
We don't often look at four words that can be easily confused for each other, but this pack is an exception. Let's start with our base word: pity. Pity is to feel sorrow or compassion for someone's misfortunes or sorrows. It can also be something that causes sorrow or disappointment:
Pity the misunderstood conifer: Evergreens' many benefits overlooked
Pitiless, then, is without (-less) pity, lacking compassion. Pitiless can be cruel or merciless:
Hell, on the other hand, will be like having to read an unauthorised biography of yourself written by a pitiless researcher who has exposed your secrets.
Pitiable, piteous, and pitiful all mean some shade of deserving pity. Let's see if we can untangle the differences. Piteous and pitiable both mean being deserving of pity:
A single drought could spell the end of a society and doom its inhabitants to piteous deaths.
Barb tried to comfort me as Rusty looked on, giving me a pitiable shake of the head.
Pitiable is found 10 times as often, however, as piteous in Google News search results. Because of this difference, piteous has become a more archaic, poetic word, while pitiable remains more common. The latter also means scornfully small or poor:
All of these foods proffer very pitiable nutritional value, and it consequently makes no sense at all to carry on eating them.
Which brings us to pitiful. It, too, means deserving of pity and carries that second meaning of scornfully small or poor. It's used, though, in a much more negative sense, giving rise to feelings of contempt rather than compassion:
They are asking what is this pitiful circus financed with millions of their tax dollars.
Maine Gubernatorial Coverage: Sloppy, Pointless, Pitiful
Union chief endorses 'pitiful' bonus deal for Palm Beach County
If you want to say, then, that something deserves pity, pitiable is your best choice. If you're looking for a more poetic phrasing, go with piteous. A contemptuous meaning wants pitiful. And if you're all out of pity, go with pitiless.
WORD FAMILY
pitiless: pitilessly, pitilessness+/ piteous: piteously/ pitiable: pitiablest, pitiably/ pitiful: pitifulest, pitifully/ pity: piteous, pitiable, pitied, pities, pitiful, pitiless, pitying, self-pity /pitying: unpitying/unpitying: unpityingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
One is a tycoon and television star; the other a pitiless product of the KGB.
The Guardian(Jan 02, 2017)
It’s an exhausting, Darwinian life he is describing — endlessly adapting to a changing, pitiless world.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
It is so pitiless and I am afraid for you when I look at it.
BBC(Nov 12, 2016)
Back: adj. 没有怜悯心的，无情的; 忍心
分布：无情的(65%)，冷酷的(31%)，无怜悯心的(4%)
→来自pity,可怜，同情，-less,无，没有。
【记】pity（v 可怜）；参：pitiful（adj 令人同情的）
【反】clement（adj 和蔼的；仁慈的）
US ['pɪtˌ-] adjective
■cruel and having no pity 残酷的，无情的
• the dictator's pitiless rule 独裁者的暴政
• a pitiless critic 无情的批评家
■severe and unpleasant 严酷的，令人不快的
• He told us his story in pitiless detail. 他向我们讲他的经历，细述了其中令人不快之处。
• Few people were out in the pitiless midday sun. 那天正午太阳酷热，很少人待在外面。
adj. 冷酷的，无情的；无同情心的
 - frozen, grim

Word: philander
Front: philander
[fɪ'lændə] (33343/46364)
Vocabulary: philander
(once / 4017 pages)
v
To philander is to flirt or casually date a large number of people. If you philander, you don't have one steady, serious relationship, but instead dabble in many casual ones.
It's most common to say that a man philanders when he is excessively flirtatious or cheats on his partner with many other people. The word has both a sense of sneakiness and lightheartedness, and it comes from the now-obsolete noun philander, "husband" or "lover." The name Philander, in fact, was popular in 18th century literature for the character of a lover, from the Greek word philandros, "with love for the people."
WORD FAMILY
philander: philandered, philanderer, philandering, philanders+/ philanderer: philanderers
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the other principal role, of the loving but philandering Flap, Mr. Milord at least does not face the uphill battle the other actors do.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
When Clinton’s philandering past came out, she wondered whether that should be such a big deal.
Washington Post(Nov 05, 2016)
The prosecution began its cross examination of Taylor on Monday afternoon, delving into Harris' double life and admitted philandering.
Reuters(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: vi. 调戏，玩弄女性
时态：philandered, philandering, philanders
分布：调戏玩弄女人(100%)
【记】phil爱，ander男子－乱爱的男子－调戏phil爱，ander下面－喜欢下面（想象）－调戏
vi. 玩弄女性；调情；轻率地对待
 - toy
n. 玩弄女性；调情；玩弄女性者（等于philanderer）
 - lovemaking, flirtation

Word: pedicab
Front: pedicab
['pedɪkæb] (40974/-)
Back: n. （载客的脚踏）三轮车
分布：三轮车(100%)
n. [车辆] 三轮车
 - tricycle, trike, trishaw

Word: profitless
Front: profitless
[ˈprɒfɪtləs] (托 41709/41465)
Back: adj. 无益的; 无用的; 无利的; 无利可图的
分布：无益的(60%)，无利的(40%)
adj. 无益的
 - unprofitable, unhelpful

Word: prance
Front: prance
[prɑ:ns] (宝 20998/21891)
Vocabulary: prance
(once / 2042 pages)
vn
When you prance, you swagger around with exaggerated, proud movements. If you've seen many rock concerts, you've seen people prance around onstage.
When people prance, they're showing off, strutting for the benefit of their audience. Horses prance too, with a gait that's also a little artificial, using high, springy steps. You might prance a little when you run up on stage to accept an award, and a show horse might be equally inclined to prance as it moves past the judges. The horse gait definition is the original meaning of prance, and it probably comes from the Middle English pranken, "to show off."
WORD FAMILY
prance: pranced, prancer, prances, prancing+/prancer: prancers
USAGE EXAMPLES
And for silliness, there was Procol Harum’s “Conquistador” with the Forces of Nature dancers in bell-bottoms and fringed tops, prancing like some 1960s shindig.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Many of them sport stylized renderings of leaping fish, lumbering elephants, soaring birds, prancing female nudes and prowling or preening panthers.
Seattle Times(Dec 19, 2016)
The “s” struggling to hang on at the end of “Happy Holidays” fell, exhausted, and was trampled beneath thousands of tiny, pawing, prancing reindeer hooves.
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: vi. （马）腾跃
n. （马的）腾跃，欢蹦乱跳，昂首阔步
时态：pranced, prancing, prances
分布：昂首阔步(44%)，腾跃(43%)，欢跃(13%)
→来自中古英语pranken,昂首阔步走，词源同prank.
【源】原指：马后足立地的腾跃
【记】挺难记的，有好方法请来信zhangqunbzsd@sina com
US [prænts] verb
intransitive + adverb or preposition
■to walk in an energetic way and with more movement than necessary 蹦蹦跳跳；昂首阔步；趾高气扬地走
• It's pathetic to see fifty-year-old rock stars prancing around on stage as if they were still teenagers. 看到50岁的摇滚歌星们还像十几岁的青少年一样在舞台上蹦蹦跳跳是很可悲的。
• She pranced into the office and demanded to speak to the manager. 她昂首阔步地走进办公室，要求和经理说话。
intransitive
■When a horse prances it takes small, quick steps and raises its legs higher than usual. （马）腾跃，腾跳
n. 昂首阔步；（马）后足立地腾跃
 - strutting
vi. 腾跃；昂首阔步；欢跃
 - cavort
vt. 使腾跃
 - curvet

Word: podgorica

Word: professorship
Front: professorship
[prəˈfesəʃɪp] (22230/25806)
Back: n. 教授职位
分布：教授职位(100%)
US [-ɚ-] noun countable
■the position of professor in a university 教授职位

Word: rabbinical
Front: rabbinical
[rəˈbɪnɪkl] (25786/39677)
Vocabulary: rabbinical
(once / 10225 pages)
adj
Anything that's rabbinical has to to with Jewish law or with rabbis. If you go to a religious school and plan to become a rabbi, you are getting a rabbinical education.
You can more or less use the adjectives rabbinical and rabbinic interchangeably. A rabbinical scholar is learning how to be a rabbi, or a Jewish religious leader; and the Hebrew or Jewish calendar can also be called the rabbinical calendar. In Mishnaic Hebrew, rabbi, the root of rabbinical, means "my master," from the Aramic rabh, "master" or "teacher."
WORD FAMILY
rabbi: rabbinic, rabbinical, rabbis+/rabbinic: rabbinically
USAGE EXAMPLES
He became the European director of the World Union for Progressive Judaism and, for many years, lectured at a rabbinical college in London.
BBC(Dec 19, 2016)
Yet his supervision was delegitimated by Israel’s Supreme rabbinical court.
Time(Dec 09, 2016)
Douglas excelled at Hebrew studies and, according to the Hollywood Reporter, his parents briefly considered sending him to rabbinical school.
Time(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: adj. 希伯莱语的
分布：犹太法学博士的(67%)，希伯来的(33%)
→来自rabbi,拉比。

Word: promissory
Front: promissory
['prɒmɪsərɪ] (26499/25644)
Vocabulary: promissory
(once / 10025 pages)
adj
Anything promissory has to do with a promise or agreement. Little kids who say "You promised!" are very interested in promissory matters.
A promise is an agreement to do something, so anything promissory is related to a promise. A handshake is often a promissory gesture. Legally, a promissory note is an agreement to pay someone money. In court, lawyers might argue about whether a certain statement was promissory – that is, whether it was a promise that must be fulfilled. Whenever this word comes up, be sure to read the fine print.
WORD FAMILY
promise: promised, promisee, promiser, promises, promising, promisor, promissory +/promised: unpromised/promiser: promisers/ promising: promisingly, unpromising /promisor: promisors/ unpromising: unpromisingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
As “street brokers” working outside an established firm, the friends dealt in stocks, mortgages and promissory notes.
New York Times(Oct 25, 2016)
The family had signed a promissory note to pay the smuggler about $4,000 for his brother’s trip.
Los Angeles Times(Sep 27, 2016)
The men were to pay in promissory notes and would be repaid later in cash or dividends from the casino.
US News(Sep 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 应允的，承诺的，约定的
分布：形容词(100%)
adj. 约定的；允诺的；约定支付的
 - appointed

Word: rabbinate
Front: rabbinate
['ræbɪnɪt] (38170/-)
Back: n. 犹太法学博士的身份[职位]，犹太法学博士们
分布：犹太法学博士们(100%)

Word: readmit
Front: readmit
[ˌri:ədˈmɪt] (28815/23963)
Vocabulary: readmit
(once / 13633 pages)
v
When you let someone back in after they've left, you readmit them. Most museums and movie theaters will readmit you later if you save your ticket.
If you leave an outdoor concert to grab a sweater from your car, they'll readmit you when you show the ink stamp on your hand. A hospital might readmit a patient who's been released only to have their symptoms get much worse. And colleges often readmit students who've taken a leave of absence. Readmit uses the "again" prefix re-, with admit, from the Latin root admittere, "to allow to enter."
WORD FAMILY
readmit: readmission, readmits, readmitted, readmitting+/ admission: admissions/admissive: admissively/ admit: admission, admissive, admits, admittable, admittance, admitted, admitting, readmit /admittance: admittances/admitted: admittedly/readmission: readmissions
USAGE EXAMPLES
Released from the hospital in August, she was readmitted two days later for treatment of unspecified complications.
Seattle Times(Dec 18, 2016)
Then in February 2016, she was readmitted to hospital for a complication related to the infection, doctors said.
Washington Times(Oct 30, 2016)
Studies show that patients of lower socioeconomic status are more likely to need to be readmitted for a whole host of reasons.
US News(Oct 26, 2016)
Back: vt. 重新接纳，允许再次加入; 再次接收…住院

Word: recline
Front: recline
[rɪˈklaɪn] (雅宝 15819/20129 -1)
Vocabulary: recline
(once / 1156 pages)
v
When you recline, you lounge or lean back. It isn't safe to recline while you're driving a car. However, it's perfectly safe to recline on your couch while you watch TV.
When you lie back in your hammock, you recline, and when you tilt your airplane seat into the lap of the person sitting behind you, you recline it. You might even have a special chair that reclines when you lean back in it, magically providing you with a footrest — it's called a recliner. Recline, from the Latin reclinare, "to bend back," shares a Proto-Indo-European root with lean.
WORD FAMILY
recline: reclined, recliner, reclines, reclining+/ recliner: recliners/reclining: reclinings
USAGE EXAMPLES
More than once, Crystal found one reclining on the couch backward, legs climbing up the wood paneling like vines, talking to Carmen’s portrait.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
As I was working and reclining, I felt myself de-stressing, and starting to appreciate the season.
Slate(Dec 23, 2016)
“We recline on our own satin and ebony.”
Time(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: vi. 斜倚，倚靠，躺卧; 依赖
vt. 使躺下; 使斜倚; 靠; 依靠，信赖
时态：reclined, reclining, reclines
分布：斜倚(35%)，躺(27%)，依赖(25%)，靠在(8%)，倚靠(5%)
→re-,向后，往回，-clin,弯，倾斜，词源同 incline,decline.
【记】re反，cline倾斜一倾斜回去一斜靠
[rɪ'klaɪn] formal
verb
intransitive or transitive
■to lean or lie back with the upper part of your body in a nearly horizontal position （使）斜倚；（使）斜躺；（使）向后倚靠
• She was reclining elegantly on the sofa. 她优雅地斜倚在沙发上。
• He reclined his head against/on my shoulder. 他把头靠在我的肩上。
transitive
■If you recline a chair, you change the position of its back so that it is in a leaning position. 使（坐椅靠背）向后倾斜
vi. 靠；依赖；斜倚
 - build on, depend upon
vt. 使躺下；使斜倚
 - couch

Word: revisionism
Front: revisionism
[rɪˈvɪʒənɪzəm] (23998/36685)
Back: n. 修正主义
分布：修正主义(100%)
→来自 revision,修正，-ism,主义。
noun uncountable
■asking questions about, and attempting to change, the existing beliefs of a political or religious system, especially the Marxist political system （尤指标对马克思主义政治制度的）修正主义

Word: repulsion
Front: repulsion
[rɪˈpʌlʃn] (宝 24076/25014)
Vocabulary: repulsion
(once / 2933 pages)
1n 2n
Repulsion is getting grossed out. If the thought of great green globs of greasy grimy gopher guts makes you recoil in horror, then you've experienced repulsion, or an intense aversion to something.
Where there's repulsion, there's disgust. Maybe gagging. Perhaps a few screams. In physics, repulsion describes how two magnets with the same charge jump away from each other, kind of like how most of us leap from the table when mom puts down a plate of Brussels sprouts.
WORD FAMILY
repulsion: repulsions+/ repulse: repulsed, repulses, repulsing, repulsion
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her hyper-texturized, sticky, steamy images play with the concepts of desire and repulsion as bedfellows.
Time(Nov 22, 2016)
I would say, however, that Roman Polanski’s film Repulsion had a huge effect on me.
The Guardian(Oct 29, 2016)
But racism is more like magnetism: capable of both attraction and repulsion.
New York Times(Oct 25, 2016)
Back: n. 厌恶; 反感; <物>推斥; 排斥力
分布：斥力(58%)，反感(25%)，厌恶(17%)
【反】attraction（n 吸引；吸引人的事物）
noun uncountable
DISLIKE 不喜欢
■strong dislike or disapproval; disgust 厌恶；反感；憎恶
• to feel repulsion 感到厌恶
• A look of repulsion flashed across her face. 她脸上闪过一丝厌恶的表情。
[rɪ'pʌl.ʃən] noun uncountable
PUSHING AWAY 推开 specialized
■the force in physics that pushes two objects apart 排斥力；斥力；推斥
• magnetic repulsion 磁拒斥
n. 排斥；反驳；反感；厌恶
 - contradiction, hate

Word: revivalist
Front: revivalist
[rɪˈvaɪvəlɪst] (29841/35803)
Back: n. 信仰复兴运动者，领导宗教复兴运动者
分布：信仰复兴运动者(50%)，信仰复兴运动者的(25%)，领导宗教复兴运动者(25%)

Word: restorative
Front: restorative
[rɪˈstɔ:rətɪv] (宝 18355/26517)
Vocabulary: restorative
(once / 5866 pages)
adjn
Restorative things give you energy or make you feel better. Your dad might have a favorite restorative chicken soup he makes you whenever you have a cold.
Antibiotics can be restorative to a patient with an infection, and a good night's sleep is almost always restorative, no matter how tired you are. If something brings you back to life or helps you recover, it's restorative. Sometimes people use this word as a noun, to mean "medicine for strength." Restorative has a Latin root, restaurare, "repair, rebuild, or renew."
WORD FAMILY
restorative: restoratives+/ restoration: restorations/ restore: restoration, restorative, restored, restorer, restores, restoring/restorer: restorers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Cooking like this is sometimes called comfort food, but I think of the menu and everything else about the Odeon as restorative.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Barnips Lozenges, Coltsfoot Rock, and Teddy Gray's Herbal Tablets are among the old-fashioned restoratives still occupying a place in our medicine cabinets.
BBC(Dec 26, 2016)
The officer with the most opportunities to refer youth to restorative justice is the school resource officer.
Washington Times(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 有恢复健康作用的，滋补的
n. 滋补品，补药; 兴奋剂
分布：恢复的(44%)，恢复药(28%)，使恢复的东西(14%)，恢复健康和体力的(14%)
US [-'stɔ:r.ə.tˌɪv] old-fashioned
noun countable
■something which makes you feel better or more energetic if you are feeling tired or ill 有恢复作用的事物；使恢复精力的事物；促进健康恢复的事物
• After a hard day at the office, a hot bath is a welcome restorative. 在办公室辛苦工作了一天后，泡个热水澡真是舒爽提神。
adj. 滋补的，有助于复元的； [医] 恢复健康的
 - tonic

Word: sceptre
Front: sceptre
['septə(r)] (41872/23626)
Back: n. （尤指象征君主权位的）权杖; 王权，君权
分布：权杖(80%)，君权(20%)
US [-tɚ] UK
noun countable
■a decorated stick which is carried by a queen or king during some official ceremonies as a symbol of their authority （象征君主权位的）权杖
n. 权杖；王权
 - crown, mace

Word: seismologist
Front: seismologist
[ˌsaɪzmə'lɒdʒɪst] (25071/-)
Back: n. 地震学家，地震专家
分布：地震学家(100%)

Word: sarcastic
Front: sarcastic
[sɑ:ˈkæstɪk] (研托宝 13030/14939 -1)
Vocabulary: sarcastic
(once / 1015 pages)
adj
Sarcastic humor mocks or ridicules, usually by saying the opposite of what is actually meant. The talent-show judge who rolls his eyes at your dancing, smirks, and says, "You ought to be on Broadway" is a sarcastic person.
Sarcastic comes from the Greek word sarkazhein, which literally means "tear the flesh." Maybe that's why we also refer to our talent-show judge's remark as "cutting." When someone's being sarcastic, sometimes it's the tone, facial expression, or body language that let you know — like when our talent-show judge says exaggeratedly, "Great job! I almost confused you for Pavarotti," as he gives you a thumbs-down.
WORD FAMILY
sarcastic: sarcastically, unsarcastic+/ sarcasm: sarcasms, sarcastic
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I’m trying to be a good sport here,” she said, adding her own sarcastic review of the performance.
Seattle Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Unlike “sarcastic” or “snarky,” which imply a certain authority, “sassy” suggests impudence.
The New Yorker(Dec 31, 2016)
Pope’s sarcastic rules to achieving bathos in poetry were a clear attack on the aesthetic and moral climate of his time.
The New Yorker(Dec 31, 2016)
Back: adj. 讥讽的，讽刺的，挖苦的
分布：讽刺的(100%)
→来自 sarcasm,讽刺，挖苦，-astic,形容词后缀。
a.讽刺的Her sarcastic remarks hurt me badly.她讥讽的话严重地伤了我的心.
US [sɑ:r-/ (UK informal sarky)
adjective
■using sarcasm 讽刺的，嘲笑的，挖苦的
• a sarcastic comment/remark 尖刻的评论／话
• Are you being sarcastic? 你这是在挖苦吗？
adj. 挖苦的；尖刻的，辛辣的
 - bitter, spicy

Word: somersault
Front: somersault
[ˈsʌməsɔ:lt] (23286/21180)
Back: n. 翻筋斗; （意见、观点、态度等）180度的转变
vi. 翻筋斗
时态：somersaulted, somersaulting, somersaults
分布：翻筋斗(44%)，跟斗(39%)，颠倒(17%)
→来自中古法语 sombresault,翻筋斗，鼻音化自 sobre,在上面，词源同 super-,-sault,跳，翻滚， 词源同 salient,result.
US [-ɚ.sɑ:lt] noun countable
■a rolling movement or jump, either forwards or backwards, in which you turn over completely, with your body above your head, and finish with your head on top again 筋斗
• She was so happy she turned three somersaults on the lawn. 她太高兴了，在草坪上连翻了三个筋斗。
vi. 翻筋斗
 - loop, summersault
n. 筋斗；（意见、观点、态度等）180度的转变
 - summersault

Word: slurp
Front: slurp
[slɜ:p] (宝 19312/26201)
Vocabulary: slurp
(once / 44434 pages)
v
If you suck your food noisily into your mouth, you slurp it. In Japan, it's considered good manners to slurp your noodles. Don't try that in England!
There are some foods and drinks that you'll almost inevitably slurp, like hot soup and thick, cold milkshakes. Although fastidious eaters in the US might consider it bad form to slurp the foam off your cappuccino or slurp up the last few ramen noodles from your bowl, in some cultures it shows appreciation for your food. Slurp comes from the imitative Dutch word slurpen.
WORD FAMILY
slurp: slurped, slurping, slurps
USAGE EXAMPLES
A few minutes later, hunters quietly slurp down with plastic spoons the first course: warm, rich broth, tender pasta, hearty meat.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
The babies are actually RealCare Infant Simulators - high-tech dolls that cry, burp, slurp, giggle, and send data to Currie to analyze for grades.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
I slurped her concoction, then sipped my wine.
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 啧啧吃的声音
v. 啜食
时态：slurped, slurping, slurps
分布：吃喝的声音(50%)，饮食出声(50%)
【记】吃饭slurp是说话就会slur。
US [slɝ:p] verb
intransitive or transitive informal
■to drink a liquid noisily as a result of sucking air into the mouth at the same time as the liquid 咕嘟咕嘟地喝，出声地喝
• Do try not to slurp. 喝东西时尽量别出声音。
• I wish you wouldn't slurp your soup like that. 我希望你喝汤时不要发出那种声音。
• He slurped down his coffee. 他咕嘟咕嘟地把咖啡喝完了。
intransitive UK informal
■When a thick liquid slurps, it makes loud noises （黏稠的液体）发出咕噜声，汩汩作响
• The lava slurped and bubbled down the mountainside. 熔岩汩汩地流下山坡。

Word: slink
Front: slink
[slɪŋk] (16685/24253)
Vocabulary: slink
(once / 1761 pages)
v
When you slink, you move in a deliberately quiet and sneaky way. You might slink into your physics class, hoping the teacher won't notice how late you are.
Kids playing hide and seek will sometimes slink around the house, quietly searching for good hiding spots, and wild animals tend to slink through the woods or fields when they're stalking prey or trying to avoid becoming prey themselves. Slink comes from the Old English word slincan, "to creep or crawl," which was mostly used to describe the movements of reptiles.
WORD FAMILY
slink: slinked, slinking, slinks, slunk
USAGE EXAMPLES
The proteins allow a neuron to recognize the surfaces and cells that it needs to slink over—and where it must stop to connect.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 15, 2016)
Fosse’s dancers slunk across the stage, nearly frozen by their self-control and their disaffection.
The New Yorker(Nov 27, 2016)
The saw-toothed ridgelines of mountain firs poked at the bellies of soft clouds slinking through the pass.
Seattle Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: vi. 偷偷溜走
vt. 早产
时态：slinked, slunk, slinking, slinks
分布：早产的(26%)，早产的动物(23%)，早产(23%)，偷偷溜走(17%)，扭捏招摇地走(11%)
→来自古英语 slincan,爬行，来自 Proto-Germanic*slinkan,爬行，来自 slei,滑的，词源同 slip,slime.引申比喻义偷偷摸摸的走，溜走。
【记】s死，link连接：使铁链子死了就可以潜逃
【反】walk openly（公开地走）
[slɪŋk] (slunk, slunk)
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to walk away from somewhere quietly so that you are not noticed （悄悄）溜走
• I tried to slink out of the room so that nobody would see me go. 我试图偷偷溜出房间，免得有人看到我离开。
• disapproving He usually slinks off (= leaves) at about 3.30. 他通常在下午三点半左右开溜。
vi. 潜逃；溜走
 - escape, absquatulate
n. 早产的动物；鬼鬼祟祟的人
 - sneak
adj. 早产的
 - premature

Word: soulless
Front: soulless
[ˈsəʊlləs] (23693/23706)
Back: adj. （事物或处所）没有生气的; 呆板的; 乏味的; （人）不懂感情的
分布：没有灵魂的(55%)，没有精神的(26%)，淡漠的(11%)，无生气的(8%)
US ['soʊl-] disapproving
adjective
■showing no human influence or qualities 没有生气的；缺乏感情的
• a soulless building of grey concrete 毫无生气的灰色混凝土建筑
adj. 没有灵魂的；没有精神的；卑鄙的；无情的
 - poor, mean, base, dirty

Word: stammer
Front: stammer
[ˈstæmə(r)] (六宝 14314/16868 -1)
Vocabulary: stammer
(once / 509 pages)
vn
To stammer — or to have a stammer — is to speak haltingly and to have trouble getting the words out. A stammer is also called a "stutter."
Stammering (or stuttering) has a couple of related meanings. A stammer is a serious problem for some people who have great difficulty speaking. They have trouble getting the words out, and their language does not flow. They might get stuck repeating one sound over and over again. This is a difficult problem to overcome. However, we all stammer sometimes, often because we're confused, scared, tired, or unsure of what to say.
WORD FAMILY
stammer: stammered, stammerer, stammering, stammers+/stammerer: stammerers
USAGE EXAMPLES
‘What are you saying?’— as the cameras roll and the Russian president’s quarry stammers and squirms,” the article explains.
Washington Post(Dec 01, 2016)
Trump’s team objected and stammered that they won.
Time(Dec 01, 2016)
“Are you crazy?” “What are you saying?”— as the cameras roll and the Russian president’s quarry stammers and squirms.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 结巴地说出; 口吃
n. 口吃，结巴
vi. 口吃; 结结巴巴地说
时态：stammered, stammering, stammers
分布：口吃(59%)，结巴(31%)，结结巴巴地说(10%)
→来自古英语 stamerian,口吃，结巴，来自 Proto-Germanic*stamro,口吃，可能为拟声词，模仿 说话不清的声音，-er,表反复。
【记】stam荷兰著名后卫斯塔姆，以耐力和结巴出众闻名。
US [-ɚ] verb intransitive or transitive
■to speak or say something with unusual pauses or repeated sounds, either because of speech problems or because of fear and anxiety 口吃；结结巴巴地说
• [+ speech] "Wh-when can we g-go?" she stammered. “我们甚……甚么时候能……能走？”她结结巴巴地说道。
• He dialled 999 and stammered (out) his name and address. 他拨了999，结结巴巴地报出了自己的名字和地址。
Compare stutter
vi. 口吃；结结巴巴地说
 - titubate, stumble over
n. 口吃；结巴
 - impediment, mogilalia

Word: stocky
Front: stocky
[ˈstɒki] (托宝 14898/14562 -1)
Vocabulary: stocky
(once / 4610 pages)
adj
The adjective stocky means wide and sturdy. The big, strong guy who works tossing heavy boxes up on a loading dock at a warehouse is stocky.
People who are stocky tend to be somewhat short and fairly heavy. Your stocky next-door neighbor is strong and solid, and his stocky bull dog is too. Interestingly, stocky meant "made of wood" back in 1400, and it was also used to distinguish "weedy" plants from more woody ones. Stocky has evolved since then to describe people with bodies "like tree trunks."
WORD FAMILY
stocky: stockier, stockiest, stockily
USAGE EXAMPLES
Jaguars — spotted, stocky and stealthy — once roamed freely throughout the wilds of the Western United States.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
A stocky, middle-aged man with short blond hair, Day had been made Free State Project chairman in 2014.
Slate(Nov 30, 2016)
“Where are we supposed to unwind?” said Samer Ballout, a stocky 35-year-old civil servant who was meditating on the beach.
Seattle Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 矮壮的; 健壮结实的
级别：stockier, stockiest
分布：健壮结实的(53%)，矮胖的(47%)
US ['stɑ:.ki] adjective
■describes a person, especially a man, whose body is wide across the shoulders and chest and who is short; thickset （尤指男子）矮壮的，结实的
• The man was described as short and stocky and very strong. 据描述，那个男人矮个子，结实粗壮。
Compare sturdy

Word: stradivari

Word: tidings
Front: tidings
[ˈtaɪdɪŋz] None
Vocabulary: tidings
(once / 466 pages)
n
Tidings is an old-fashioned word for recent news. If someone says "I bring you good tidings!" it means they have information to share that you'll probably like.
Even though this word appears to be related to tide, tidings is actually thought to come from the Old English word tidan, which means "to happen." This term is a little unusual since it’s almost always in the plural form; you would never say, "I bring you a good tiding"!
WORD FAMILY
tiding: tidings +/tidal: intertidal/ tide: tidal, tided, tides, tiding, undertide/undertide: undertides
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the novel, a teen-ager named Theo, worn down with grim tidings, frames the problem of modern optimism in terms of scale.
The New Yorker(Dec 31, 2016)
The merry tidings get a wry, ominous undercurrent.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
They meant that leaders were cooperating and that transparency prevailed, no matter how banal the particular tidings.
Slate(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. <古>消息; 音
分布：消息(84%)，音信(16%)
→来自 tide,随潮而来，-ing,动名词后缀，-s,表复数。引申词义消息，音讯。比较古诗“早知潮 有信，嫁与弄潮儿”。
['taɪ.dɪŋz] old use
plural noun
■news 消息
• tidings of great joy 令人欣喜若狂的消息
n. 消息；音信
 - news, message, word

Word: sweeper
Front: sweeper
[ˈswi:pə(r)] (20013/15566)
Back: n. 打扫者，清洁工; 清道夫; 清扫器; 扫海船，扫雷艇
分布：清洁工(100%)
→sweep,清扫，打扫，-er,人。
US [-pɚ] noun countable
CLEANING 清扫
■someone or something that sweeps something clean 清扫工；扫除机，清扫机
• a carpet sweeper (= a machine for cleaning carpets) 吸尘器
• a road sweeper (= a person whose job is cleaning the roads) 清道夫，马路清洁工
UK ['swi:.pər] US [-pɚ] noun countable
FOOTBALL 足球
■In football, a sweeper is a player whose position is behind the other defenders (= players whose main aim is to stop points from being scored). （足球）清道夫，自由中卫
n. 清洁工；清扫夫；清扫器
 - garbageman, garbage collector

Word: superhuman
Front: superhuman
[ˌsu:pəˈhju:mən] (18506/20062)
Back: adj. 超人的; 超出常人能力的; 非凡的; 超常的
分布：超人的(90%)，超出常人的(10%)
→super-,超过，human,人的，人类的。
US [-pɚ-] adjective
■having more powers than, or seeming outside the powers of, a human 超人的，超乎常人的，非凡的
• I'll never get all this work done in a week - I'm not superhuman! 我怎么也不可能在一周之内完成这些工作——我不是超人！
• Thanks to the superhuman efforts of local volunteers, aid is now getting through to the disaster areas. 多亏当地义工的全力以赴，如今救援物资正运抵灾区。
adj. 超人的；人类能力所不能及的；属于神仙的
 - preterhuman
n. 超人
 - suprahuman, mahatma

Word: underhand
Front: underhand
[ˌʌndəˈhænd] (34295/23652)
Back: adj. 暗中或秘密进行的，诡诈的; （球赛时投球）低手的
adv. 秘密地，不正当地; （投球时）低手地
分布：秘密的(33%)，阴险的(30%)，下投的(23%)，低手地(7%)，秘密地(7%)
US [-dɚ-] adjective (US usually underhanded) disapproving
■done secretly, and sometimes dishonestly, in order to achieve an advantage 秘密的，偷偷摸摸的
• What really angered her was the dirty underhand way they had tricked her. 真正使她愤怒的是他们竟用卑鄙手段欺骗她。
UK [ˌʌn.də'hænd] US [-dɚ-] adjective adverb US for underarm
adj. （球赛时投球）下投的；阴险的
 - sinister, insidious
adv. 欺诈地；以下手投
 - false, trickily

Word: unawares
Front: unawares
[ˌʌnəˈweəz] (28358/19469)
Back: adv. 出其不意地; 意外地; 突然地; 不知不觉地
分布：出其不意地(80%)，无意中(20%)
US [-'werz] adverb
■suddenly and unexpectedly without any warning 出其不意地，意外地，冷不防地
• The overnight invasion took the military experts unawares. 突然入侵令军事专家们始料不及。
• The prime minister seemed to have been caught unawares by (= was not expecting) this sudden attack of criticism. 首相似乎对这突然发起的抨击猝不及防。
adv. 不知不觉地；出其不意地；不料
 - only, unknowingly

Word: umpteenth
Front: umpteenth
[ˌʌmp'ti:nθ] (26900/23912)
Back: adj. <口>第无数次（个）的
分布：经过无数次后又一次的(100%)

Word: tryst
Front: tryst
[trɪst] (21801/34286)
Vocabulary: tryst
(once / 4874 pages)
n
A meeting is when people get together for any reason. But when they are sneaking to meet, notably as secret lovers, it's called a tryst.
The origin of the word tryst comes from Middle English, and originally referred to a designated hunting station. Today it has come to refer to mainly romantic meetings, often with a secretive feel to it. (That's appropriate — aren’t we all hunting for love?) The word tryst might also suggest a hint of danger or intrigue. Perhaps the most romantic tryst in literature was the meeting between Romeo and Juliet — and just look where they ended up!
WORD FAMILY
tryst: trysts
USAGE EXAMPLES
He called them the “harem,” according to the complaint, and said they were having “affairs” and “trysts” with Livingston.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
Arguably that’s deterrent enough for future trysts of opportunity.
Washington Post(Nov 24, 2016)
In a new production, “Celtic Jazz Tryst,” she adds additional ingredients: swing, tap and jazz vocals, courtesy of Tara O’Grady and the Black Velvet Band.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: n. <古>约会，幽会; 幽会地点
vt. 与…幽会; 约定（幽会时间、地点等）
分布：幽会(92%)，幽会处(8%)
→可能来自古诺斯语 treysta,相信，信任，词源同 trust.后用于文学语言指约会，幽会。
【记】try努力，st＝est最高级：特别努力，为了参加情人的约会。
[trɪst] old use or humorous
noun countable
■a meeting between two lovers, especially a secret one 约会；（尤指）幽会
n. 幽会，约会
 - date, engagement
vt. 约会，约定；与…幽会
 - make an appointment, appoint for
vi. 约会
 - make an appointment

Word: uncivil
Front: uncivil
[ˌʌnˈsɪvl] (31050/-)
Back: adj. 不文明的，失礼的，粗鲁的
分布：失礼的(40%)，未开化的(15%)，粗鲁的(15%)，无礼貌的(15%)，野蛮的(15%)
[ʌn'sɪv.əl] formal
adjective
■not polite 不礼貌的，无礼的
• He was most uncivil to your father - called him an old fool. 他对你父亲极其无礼——称他为老傻瓜。
⇒ See also incivility
adj. 不文明的；粗野的；失礼的
 - robust, gross, rough, country, bush

Word: undress
Front: undress
[ʌnˈdres] (12150/12641 -1)
Back: vt. 脱…衣服; 使卸下装饰; 暴露; 从（例如伤员）脱去绷带
vi. 脱衣服
n. 便服; 裸体; 衣服未穿完整
时态：undressed, undressing, undresses
分布：脱掉(37%)，使脱衣服(27%)，暴露(18%)，使卸去装饰(18%)
脱衣服(un+dress衣服)[un-①表示"不,无,非,没有"②表示"打开,解开,弄出"]
verb intransitive or transitive
■to remove your clothes or remove the clothes from someone else 脱去（…的）衣服
• Could you undress the kids for bed, Steve? 史蒂夫，你给孩子们脱衣服准备睡觉好吗？
• He undressed and got into the bath. 他脱掉衣服进入浴缸开始洗澡。
[ʌn'dres] verb intransitive or transitive
undress sb with your eyes informal
■to look at someone's body with strong, and often unpleasant, sexual desire 直勾勾地盯住（某人）看，色迷迷地打量（某人）
[ʌn'dres] noun formal or humorous
in a state of undress
■not wearing many or any clothes 衣不蔽体；赤身裸体
• He came to the door in a state of undress. 他光着身子走到门口。
vt. 使脱衣服；使卸去装饰；暴露
 - come to light, divulge
vi. 脱衣服
 - shed one's clothes, unrobe
n. 便服；裸体
 - civies, civilian clothes

Word: unprovoked
Front: unprovoked
[ˌʌnprəˈvəʊkt] (宝 24814/22823)
Vocabulary: unprovoked
(once / 7457 pages)
adj
Something that's unprovoked is done for no good reason, with no real cause. A slap across your face is unprovoked if you did nothing to make the slapper mad at you.
President Franklin D. Roosevelt famously described the 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese, which brought the US into World War II, as "unprovoked and dastardly." A military action that isn't reacting against a previous attack is unprovoked, and a furious outburst from your friend is also unprovoked if you gave him no reason to be angry. Unprovoked comes from the verb provoke, to deliberately incite anger or annoyance in someone. The Latin root is provocare, "call forth or challenge."
WORD FAMILY
unprovoked: unprovokedly+/ provocation: provocations/ provocative: provocatively, unprovocative/ provoke: provocation, provocative, provoked, provoker, provokes, provoking/provoked: unprovoked /provoker: provokers/provoking: provokingest, provokingly, unprovoking
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the judge called the shooting callous and unprovoked and noted that some victims were shot in the back.
Washington Times(Dec 20, 2016)
The man stabbed by Mr. Laufer, he added, was left with “permanent scars and a daily reminder of the heinous, unprovoked attack.”
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
As reporters mingled near his locker, “Pacman” Jones launched an unprovoked verbal attack on Pryor, his former teammate in Cincinnati.
Washington Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: adj. （尤指暴力言行）未受招惹而自发的，无缘无故的
分布：形容词(100%)
【记】un不，provoke（v 激怒；煽动），d：无缘无故的生气的
US [-'voʊkt] adjective
■describes an unpleasant action or remark when it has not been caused by anything and is therefore unfair （令人不快的言行）无端的，无缘无故的
• an unprovoked attack on her character 无缘无故攻击她的人格

Word: unstructured
Front: unstructured
[ʌnˈstrʌktʃəd] (19913/19413)
Vocabulary: unstructured
(once / 85648 pages)
adj
Unstructured is an adjective describing something that lacks structure or form. Some things should never be left unstructured, like a schedule for building a house or a timeline for retirement.
A popular phrase that's currently associated with this adjective is unstructured time, which is another way of saying "there's nothing on the schedule." Unstructured time might encourage daydreaming, creativity, or stress management, but for extremely organized people who like to follow schedules and have everything in order, unstructured anything can make them feel lazy or crazy.
WORD FAMILY
structured: unstructured +/ restructure: restructured, restructures, restructuring/ structure: restructure, structured, structures, structuring, substructure, superstructure, understructure/substructure: substructures/superstructure: superstructures/understructure: understructures
USAGE EXAMPLES
The second semifinal was a bit more unstructured.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 31, 2016)
To say that this is a somewhat messy, unstructured way of engaging with an important issue would be an understatement.
Time(Nov 28, 2016)
I asked if there would be any unstructured time.
Washington Post(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 无社会组织的，未组织的
分布：无组织的(56%)，自由的(44%)
adj. 无社会组织的；松散的；非正式组成的
 - incompact, unconsolidated

Word: unscripted
Front: unscripted
[ʌnˈskrɪptɪd] (25325/41504)
Back: adj. 不用稿子的，不用剧本的
分布：不用草稿的(100%)
adjective
■describes a speech or broadcast that has not been written before it is made （演讲或广播）不用讲稿的；脱稿的

Word: weatherman
Front: weatherman
[ˈweðəmæn] (高 19246/34137)
Back: n. 气象员，天气预报员
分布：天气预报员(90%)，气象工作者(10%)
US [-ɚ-] noun countable
■a man on a television or radio programme who gives a weather forecast 男天气预报播音员（或主持人）

Word: yalta

Word: acrobatic
Front: acrobatic
[ˌækrəˈbætɪk] (22066/33278)
Vocabulary: acrobatic
(once / 6671 pages)
adj
Acrobatic describes something that's an amazing physical feat, especially if it involves agility and balance. An acrobatic dance routine might include back flips and handstands.
If you're acrobatic, you're good at gymnastics or physical circus tricks. A border collie might make a particularly acrobatic Frisbee catch, twisting and spinning in the air, and a little boy could perform acrobatic cartwheels across the living room. The adjective comes from acrobat, which in French — acrobate — means "tightrope walker," from a Greek word, akrobates, "rope dancer," related to akrobatos, "going on tip toe" or "climbing up high."
WORD FAMILY
acrobatic: acrobatically, acrobatics
USAGE EXAMPLES
Gerstein’s recording is an admirable achievement, but it does not quite transcend Liszt’s keyboard acrobatics to reach a higher plane of musical expression.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
“It was a wonderful device for lifting the veil” on the park’s structural acrobatics.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
We watched a slightly botched acrobatic routine to Rihanna’s song Jump.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 杂技的，杂技般的，杂技演员的
分布：杂技的(100%)
US [-'bætˌ-] adjective
■involving or able to perform difficult and attractive body movements 杂技技艺的
• an acrobatic leap into the air 矫捷地跃入空中
• an acrobatic young dancer 技艺娴熟的年轻舞蹈演员
adj. 杂技的；特技的
 - trick

Word: yom

Word: woodstock
Front: woodstock
['wʊd.stɒk] (-/17080)
Back: n. 伍德斯托克音乐节（每年8月在纽约州东南部Woodstock举行的摇滚音乐节）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: abominable
Front: abominable
[əˈbɒmɪnəbl] (22568/20502)
Vocabulary: abominable
(once / 852 pages)
adj
Abominable is as bad as it gets. So if the food at camp is abominable, the campers might start to shout, "Ick! Ick! Your stew is making us sick!"
Abominable is an adjective that should be used only when something is exceptionally bad or threatening, like a gigantic furry snowman who is terrorizing a village. Abominable is so absolutely awful that it causes physical revulsion. So odious that it brings even the toughest of tough guys to tears. Which is a bummer, because it's a surprisingly fun word to say out loud.
WORD FAMILY
abominable: abominablest, abominably +/ abominate: abominable, abominated, abominates, abominating, abomination, abominator/ abomination: abominations/abominator: abominators
USAGE EXAMPLES
When Sherlock is hallucinating in “The Abominable Bride,” an imagined Moriarty calls himself the virus in the hard drive that is Sherlock’s mind.
Time(Dec 25, 2016)
Just like the Abominable Snowman in the Rudolph TV special, but with hair spray and no friends.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
With few exceptions, the American corporate news media has willing participated in the repackaging and normalizing of Bannon’s, and by extension, Trump’s abominable politics.
Salon(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 讨厌的; 可恶的; 糟糕的; 令人极为不快的
n. 讨厌，可恶
adv. 恶劣地，令人厌恶地
分布：讨厌的(51%)，令人憎恶的(38%)，糟糕的(11%)
US [-'bɑ:.mɪ-] adjective
■very bad or unpleasant 极坏的；恶劣的；可恶的；讨厌的
• The prisoners are forced to live in abominable conditions. 犯人被迫生活在恶劣的环境中。
• The weather's been abominable all week. 本周的天气一直很糟糕。
adj. 讨厌的；令人憎恶的；糟透的
 - evil, rank, unpleasant, poisonous

Word: wicket
Front: wicket
[ˈwɪkɪt] (27333/4660 -3)
Back: n. 小门，边门; 窗口; 水闸门; 三柱门
分布：小门(80%)，一局(10%)，两座三柱门之间的场地(10%)
→来自weik,弯，转，编织，词源同wicker,vicarious.引申词义小门，篱笆门，后用于指板球的三柱门。词义演变比较hurdle.
noun countable
■in cricket, a set of three vertical sticks with two small pieces of wood balanced across the top of them, at which the ball is aimed. There are two wickets on a cricket field. （板球运动中的）三柱门
■in cricket, the length of ground between two sets of wickets 两个三柱门之间的场地
■in cricket, a turn that a player has to hit the ball （板球中的）一轮击球
• Five wickets have fallen since tea time (= Five players have been caused to finish their turn). 从午茶时间开始一共进行了五轮击球，五位选手被淘汰。
• As a fast bowler, he took many wickets (= caused many players to finish their turns). 他是个投快球的好手，在许多轮击球中淘汰了击球手。
n. [建] 小门；三柱门；边门； [铁路] 售票窗
 - postern

Word: alonso

Word: altercation
Front: altercation
[ˌɔ:ltəˈkeɪʃn] (19011/22464)
Vocabulary: altercation
(once / 2912 pages)
n
Altercation is a nicer word for "quarrel," which is a nicer word for "fight."
Fight is a simple, effective one-syllable word, while quarrel is a softer, two-syllable word, and altercation is a very civilized-sounding four-syllable word for the same uncivilized thing: a noisy argument between people that are mad at each other. Two cowboys fighting in a saloon probably won’t talk about their altercation, but someone who gets a black eye fighting for a parking spot might — after cooling down — describe the incident as an altercation rather than as a knock-down, drag-out brawl.
WORD FAMILY
altercation: altercations+/altercate: altercated, altercates, altercating, altercation
USAGE EXAMPLES
Schnorenberg was hurt during the altercation and treated at a hospital.
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Superintendent Eddie Johnson tells reporters that the officer shot the man several times during a “verbal altercation” shortly after 9 a.m.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Police say the 37-year-old victim was shot inside the club after an altercation with at least two people.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Back: n. 争辩，争吵
分布：口角(52%)，争论(48%)
→alter, 争吵，改变。字母c 来自形容词后缀-ic, 字母i脱落。
【记】alter改变，cat猫，ion名称后缀－变成猫了。猫科动物有好斗的性格，像豹子、老虎什么的－争吵，口角。
US [ˌɑ:l.tˌɚ-] formal
noun countable
■a loud argument or disagreement 争辩；争吵；口角
• According to witnesses, the altercation between the two men started inside the restaurant. 据目击者说，两人之间的口角是在餐厅内开始的。
n. 争执
 - difference, conflict, bustup

Word: anyhow
Front: anyhow
[ˈenihaʊ] (高研四雅 9909/9090 -1)
Vocabulary: anyhow
(once / 297 pages)
1adv 2adv
Use the adverb anyhow to emphasize or support something you've just said. You might say, "I'm not going to bother studying those dates for history class — they're not going to be on the test anyhow."
The word anyhow is usually just another way to say anyway. You could say, for example, "I won't be going for a run today, not if it's as hot as yesterday anyhow." Another way to use anyhow is to mean "in a haphazard way" or "randomly." Your mom might complain that people just toss things in the fridge anyhow. The word has been used in American English since the mid-1700s.
WORD FAMILY
anyhow: anyhows
USAGE EXAMPLES
Anyhow, why should the players be held accountable when the padrones who recruited them aren’t?
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
Indeed, what is modern art but a march of signs—shocks of the new—that point to better or anyhow different futures?
The New Yorker(Dec 24, 2016)
Seems that way, anyhow, until you widen the lens.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adv. 总之; 无论如何; 不管怎样; 随随便便
分布：无论如何(55%)，不管怎样(45%)
ad.不管怎么说,无论如何;不论用何种方法It may snow, but anyhow I will go shopping.可能要下雪,但我无论如何要去购物.
adverb
ANYWAY 无论如何
■ anyway
['en.i.haʊ] adverb
WITHOUT CARE 随便 (informal also any old how)
■without care or interest; in an untidy way 随随便便地；杂乱无章地
• He looked a complete mess - dressed anyhow with hair sticking up on end. 他那样子邋遢透顶，衣衫不整，头发翘着。
adv. 总之；无论如何；不管怎样
 - anyway, however

Word: amritsar

Word: anorak
Front: anorak
[ˈænəræk] (32608/12644 -1)
Vocabulary: anorak
(once / 124414 pages)
n
An anorak is a very warm, waterproof jacket with a hood. Another word for an anorak is a parka.
Many anoraks are lined with fur or some other warm, wooly material. Arctic explorers and climbers wear anoraks, as well as Inuits and other native people in very cold regions. Inuits, in fact, invented the anorak for hunting and fishing, from seal and caribou skin coated with fish oil. The Kalaallisut language, from Greenland, used the word anoraq, which became anorak in the 1930s.
WORD FAMILY
anorak: anoraks
USAGE EXAMPLES
A Big Mac is just an oversized anorak.
BBC(Dec 28, 2016)
Someone might, as Daily Politics reporter Adam Fleming finds out what to buy for a political anorak.
BBC(Dec 01, 2016)
The Leicester manager, Claudio Ranieri, dressed in fetching anorak, will surely be pleased after his side’s stuttering start to the season.
The Guardian(Sep 17, 2016)
Back: n. （严寒地带人所穿）带风帽的厚茄克; 皮猴; 防水布; 滑雪衫
分布：厚夹克(100%)
→来自爱斯基摩语。后词义向怪人转化。
noun countable
COAT 外套 mainly UK (US usually parka)
■a short coat that protects the wearer against cold, wet and windy weather, usually with a part for covering the head （通常指带有风帽的）防寒短上衣，短风雨衣
['æn.ə.ræk] noun countable
PERSON 人 UK disapproving
■a boring person who is too interested in the details of a hobby and finds it difficult to meet and spend time with other people （对一些无关紧要的细节着迷的）难相处的家伙，有怪癖的人
• There are enough facts and figures in this book to keep even the most obsessive anorak fascinated for hours. 这本书内容翔实，数据丰富，就连那些最热衷于钻牛角尖的读者也会沉迷其中，数小时不能释手。
n. 厚夹克；防水布； [纺] 滑雪衫
 - tarp, waterproofer

Word: aphrodite
Front: aphrodite
[ˌæfrəˈdaiti] (-/28013)
Back: 镁泡石
分布：北美豹蝶(100%)

Word: archival
Front: archival
[ɑ:'kaɪvəl] (13327/22962)
Vocabulary: archival
(once / 30620 pages)
adj
Anything archival relates to an archive, which is a record or collection of historical materials. Archival resources document the past. Most libraries have a special place for archival documents, like old newspapers and photos.
An archive is a collection of older things such as books, music, or documents. Many librarians and curators collect and care for archives. Anything archival relates to an archive. An archival record documents everything in an archive, such as an archive of 19th century poetry. An archival search is a search of an archive, such as an archive of birth certificates. This word has to do with historical collections. Scholars who study the past often have to do archival research.
WORD FAMILY
archive: archival, archived, archives, archiving, archivist+/archivist: archivists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Wrap fragile ornaments in leftover tissue paper or newspaper, or invest in storage containers like archival ornament boxes from the Container Store.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
The backs of each page contain several paragraphs of Kirzinger’s research, archival photos of agency personnel and other documents.
Washington Post(Dec 28, 2016)
The programming will include archival footage and documentaries, along with original Team USA programming contributed by the USOC.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 关于档案的
分布：档案的(78%)，档案室的(22%)
ADJ
档案的
Archival means belonging or relating to archives.
例：...his extensive use of archival material.他对档案资料的广泛应用

Word: assyrian

Word: aqaba

Word: azure
Front: azure
[ˈæʒə(r)] (托宝 20844/21483)
Vocabulary: azure
(once / 1447 pages)
adjnv
Looking for a fancier way to describe the deep blue sky on a crisp fall day or the jewel-toned waters of the Caribbean? Try azure.
Some people might describe the color azure as sapphire in hue, but in fact there's another gem responsible for this word. At its root, azure comes to us from a French mistranslation of the Arabic word (al)-lazaward, which means “lapis lazuli” — the dazzling deep blue stone that's very common in Afghanistan. The Arabic word actually refers to an area of Turkestan where Marco Polo collected lapis lazuli for friends back home.
WORD FAMILY
azure: azured, azures, azuring
USAGE EXAMPLES
And not just because it’s devastatingly pretty with an azure bay circled by palm trees.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
It’s the same story at Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud Platform, the other two big cloud companies.
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Azure was difficult to use, and despite its “Windows Azure” branding, it couldn’t run off-the-shelf versions of Windows Server.
Seattle Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: adj. & n. 蔚蓝（的），天蓝色（的）
分布：蔚蓝的(44%)，天蓝色(34%)，碧空(22%)
→来自阿拉伯语lazaward, 对应英文lapis lazuli, 指一种在Lajward（地名）发现的天蓝色石头。词根lap, 石头，见lapidary, 宝石的，优雅的。
【记】a一个，zure拼：足热。一个足够热的天气。一定是阳光暴晒，万里无云，所以天是蔚蓝的。
UK ['æz.jʊər] US [-ɚ] adjective noun uncountable
■(having) the bright blue colour of the sky on a sunny day 天蓝色（的），蔚蓝色（的）
• The once azure skies of Athens have been ruined by atmospheric pollution. 由于大气污染，雅典曾经蔚蓝的天空已经面目全非。
adj. 蔚蓝的
 - cerulean
n. 天蓝色；碧空
 - ciel, ethereal blue

Word: astrophysicist
Front: astrophysicist
[ˌæstrəʊ'fɪzɪsɪst] (16158/40937)
Vocabulary: astrophysicist
(once / 29041 pages)
n
An astrophysicist is a scientist who specializes in studying space, stars, planets, and the universe. If you want to be an astrophysicist one day, you'll have to pay close attention in your physics class.
Today the terms astrophysicist and astronomer tend to be used interchangeably — if you make a career of being an expert on space, you'll need to know a lot about the physics of celestial bodies. The prefix astro- comes from the Greek word astron, "the stars," and physicist is rooted in physics, or "natural science," from ta physika, "the natural things" in Greek.
WORD FAMILY
astrophysicist: astrophysicists+/astrophysical: astrophysically/ astrophysics: astrophysical, astrophysicist
USAGE EXAMPLES
If future measurements confirm this more-even distribution of dark matter, astrophysicists might need to revise their models of how the Universe evolved.
Nature(Dec 13, 2016)
Astrophysicist France Córdova took over in March 2014, and plans to serve out the remainder of her term.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
Studying the polarization would then enable astrophysicists to infer properties such a neutron star’s size and the strength of its gravity at its surface.
Science Magazine(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 天体物理学家
分布：天体物理学家(100%)
N-COUNT
天体物理学家
An astrophysicist is someone who studies astrophysics.

Word: baldly
Front: baldly
[ˈbɔ:ldli] (29342/32648)
Vocabulary: baldly
(once / 19732 pages)
adv
When you do something baldly, you do it in a blunt or straightforward way. When you get right to the point in a conversation, you speak baldly.
People who state their feelings baldly sometimes get a shocked response from others, since they tend to simply say exactly what they mean rather than adding detail or explanations. The adverb baldly comes from the sense of the adjective bald that means "plain or blunt," a meaning that comes from the "plainness" of a bald — or hairless — head.
WORD FAMILY
bald: balded, baldest, balding, baldly, baldness, balds+/ balding: baldinger/baldness: baldnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Rolling Stone baldly told the jury that they heard and respected the verdict in this case,” Locke wrote to The Post.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
The play also enunciates its points a little too baldly in places.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 09, 2016)
Trump summed it up baldly at the Convention: “I am your voice. I alone can fix it.”
The New Yorker(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: adv. 坦率地
分布：露骨地(58%)，率直地(28%)，无隐饰地(14%)
US ['bɑ:ld-] adverb
■in plain or basic language, without unnecessary words or details 直截了当地，说白了
• To put it baldly, I can't afford to take the risk. 坦白地说，我承担不起这个风险。
adv. 露骨地；直截了当地，率直地
 - broadly, straightforwardly

Word: barnsley

Word: balding
Front: balding
[ˈbɔ:ldɪŋ] (14407/20501 -1)
Vocabulary: balding
(once / 10000 pages)
adj
If your dad is losing his hair, you can describe him as balding — although it may hurt his feelings if he's sensitive about his looks.
Someone who's balding is well on his way to being bald. He may have a shiny bald patch on the back of his head or just extremely thin wisps of hair all over — either way, he's balding. Both balding and bald probably originated from the Celtic root word bal, which means "white patch or blaze," especially one that's found on a horse or another animal's head.
WORD FAMILY
balding: baldinger+/ bald: balded, baldest, balding, baldly, baldness, balds/baldness: baldnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Matthew, in “Gold” you gained a lot of weight and you're kind of balding.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The appeal, fronted by television presenter Clare Balding, was launched on TV and radio last week.
BBC(Dec 20, 2016)
The appeal, fronted by television presenter Clare Balding, will be launched on TV and radio on Tuesday.
BBC(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 变秃的
分布：变秃的(87%)，动词bald的现在分词形式.(13%)
US ['bɑ:l-] adjective
■becoming bald
• Eammon was plump and balding. 埃蒙发福了，头发也日渐稀疏。

Word: baboon
Front: baboon
[bəˈbu:n] (托 15908/17111)
Vocabulary: baboon
(once / 3704 pages)
n
A baboon is a type of African monkey. Baboons have long snouts that resemble dogs' muzzles.
Baboons have thick fur, short tails, and prominent noses. They are ground-dwelling monkeys, and in the wild they form complex families and groups with higher- and lower-ranking members. If you visit a zoo with a primate area, you'll probably see baboons. The Old French word for baboon is baboin, or "ape," which might come from baboue, "muzzle" or "grimace."
WORD FAMILY
baboon: baboonish, baboons
USAGE EXAMPLES
She also worked on plays such as Tom Stoppard’s “Jumpers,” John Guare’s “Four Baboons Adoring the Sun” and a revival of “The Front Page.”
Seattle Times(Dec 24, 2016)
The acquisitions included three yellow baboons from Somalia, two white kangaroos from Australia and a two-toed sloth named Sylvester, donated by a U.S.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Visitors should be warned not to feed or fraternise with the baboon troop that calls the mountains above Smits their home.
The Guardian(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 狒狒
分布：狒狒(100%)
→可能来自拟声词，模仿狒狒发出的声音。
noun countable
■a type of large monkey found in Africa and Asia, which has a long pointed face like a dog and large teeth 狒狒
n. [脊椎] 狒狒
 - gelada, hamadryas

Word: bloodhound
Front: bloodhound
[ˈblʌdhaʊnd] (25731/35175)
Back: n. 猎犬; 侦探
分布：侦探(42%)，侦探犬(35%)，间谍(23%)
noun countable
■a large dog that has a very good ability to smell things, and is used for hunting animals or finding people who are lost 大猎犬，大警犬
n. 侦探猎犬；毫不放松的追赶着；侦探
 - dick, tec

Word: bleat
Front: bleat
[bli:t] (22920/21990)
Vocabulary: bleat
(once / 2613 pages)
nv
The sound a lamb or calf makes is a bleat. If you hear tiny bleats coming from your barn, you'll know the new baby goats were born at last.
Many animals might bleat, though a bleat is a slightly weak, high-pitched sound, which is why it's typically made by young animals. When baby animals bleat, their mothers naturally go to them to feed or comfort them. You might also describe a human's cry or whine as a bleat, if it's particularly pitiful. The word comes from a Germanic root, and it's imitative of the sound itself.
WORD FAMILY
bleat: bleated, bleating, bleats
USAGE EXAMPLES
Outside our high gates, I could hear goats bleating and cocks crowing and people yelling greetings across mud compound walls.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
The lack explains so many of their baffling and second-guessable decisions that leave their fans bleating, “Why?”
Washington Post(Nov 24, 2016)
Goats bleated in the distance, while swallows and myna birds darted out of the palm trees.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: vi. （羊，小牛）叫; 哭诉; 发出羊叫似的声音; 轻声诉说
vt. 咩咩地发出; 以颤抖可怜的声音说出; 愚蠢地讲
n. （小羊）咩咩的叫声
时态：bleated, bleating, bleats
分布：哀鸣(46%)，发出羊叫声(18%)，哭诉(18%)，羊的鸣声(18%)
→拟声词。
verb intransitive
■When a sheep or goat bleats, it makes a high, shaking sound. （羊）咩咩叫
■informal
■to complain in an annoying way 喋喋不休地抱怨
• She's always bleating (on) about how badly she's been treated. 她总是喋喋不休地抱怨别人对她多么不好。
vi. 咩咩叫；胡扯；抱怨
 - baa, beef about

Word: blinding
Front: blinding
[ˈblaɪndɪŋ] (11939/15054 -1)
Vocabulary: blinding
(once / 1385 pages)
adj
If something is blinding, it's so bright that it makes you lose your vision temporarily. The blinding light of a camera flash can be very annoying.
The bright or dazzling light of fireworks, a flashlight, or even light glinting off of a mirror or a diamond necklace can all be blinding, rendering you briefly unable to see. Anything you can't see through can be described this way, like blinding rain or the blinding white of a blizzard, and even pain is sometimes blinding. The word shares an Old English root with blind, blendan, "to deprive of sight."
WORD FAMILY
blinding: blindingest+/ blind: blinded, blinder, blindest, blinding, blindingly, blindly, blindness, blinds/blinder: blinders/blindness: blindnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s been building up for years, and now the contrasts in America are so glaring as to be blinding.
Salon(Jan 02, 2017)
Thousands of shows, each aglow with however dim a wattage, generate a collective, steady glare, blinding memory.
The New Yorker(Dec 29, 2016)
There were washboard abs and dad bods, tattooed torsos and blinding white chests that seemed as if they hadn’t seen the sun this millennium.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 炫目的，耀眼的; 使人眼花缭乱的; 使人昏聩的; 刺眼的
v. 使失明，使眩晕(blind的现在分词)
n. 碎石子，细沙
分布：刺眼的(36%)，耀眼的(30%)，使盲的(26%)，动词blind的现在分词.(8%)
adjective
■extremely bright 炫目的，耀眼的
• There was loud bang and a sudden blinding light. 随着一声巨响，突然出现了一道耀眼的光。
['blaɪn.dɪŋ] adjective
a blinding flash
■an idea or answer that suddenly becomes obvious （主意或答案）在脑海中突然闪现
• The answer came to her in a blinding flash. 答案突然闪现在她脑海中。

Word: bumptious
Front: bumptious
[ˈbʌmpʃəs] (宝 38476/40349)
Vocabulary: bumptious
(once / 13311 pages)
adj
Someone bumptious is cocky, aggressive, and loud. Bumptious people jump ahead of everyone in line at the ice cream truck and steal subway seats from pregnant women.
It's good to speak your mind and stand up for yourself, but it's not good to be bumptious. When you're bumptious, you're obnoxious. Someone who dominates a conversation without listening to others is bumptious. Someone who takes more than their fair share of something is bumptious. To be bumptious is to be selfish and annoying. Bumptious people are often arrogant and usually thoughtless, and bumptious behavior shows no concern for other people.
WORD FAMILY
bumptious: bumptiously, bumptiousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
A clear-eyed view of young Churchill as a bumptious self-promoter whose exploits in Africa were as farcical as they were courageous.
Washington Post(Nov 17, 2016)
Nowadays, the US is the status quo power and China the bumptious usurper.
The Guardian(Sep 25, 2016)
Particularly effective is her clear-eyed view of the young Churchill as a bumptious self-promoter whose exploits in Africa were as farcical as they were courageous.
Washington Post(Sep 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 盲目自夸的，盲目自大的，傲慢的; 自以为是
分布：傲慢的(85%)，自吹自擂的(15%)
→来自bump, 撞，形容横冲直撞的。
【记】混合了bump（v 碰撞），presumptuous（adj 专横的）：喜欢顶撞的专横的人－傲慢的
【反】humble（adj 谦逊的）
['bʌmp.ʃəs] disapproving
adjective
■unpleasantly confident 自以为是的
• a bumptious young man 自以为是的年轻人
adj. 傲慢的；瞎自夸的
 - assuming, arrogant

Word: boilerplate
Front: boilerplate
[ˈbɔɪləpleɪt] (28889/-)
Back: n. 样板文件; 公式化，陈词滥调
分布：样板文件(87%)，锅炉钢板(13%)
→来自20世纪初以类似锅炉板的金属板做为模具的印刷技术。
n. 样板文件；引用
 - citing, citation

Word: bootstrap
Front: bootstrap
[ˈbu:tstræp] (25448/37150)
Back: n. 解靴带; 引导程序; 靴袢; 自益
分布：拔靴带(44%)，自力更生的(28%)，自力更生(28%)
n. [计] 引导程序，辅助程序；解靴带
 - housekeeping routine

Word: calorific
Front: calorific
[ˌkæləˈrɪfɪk] (-/34008)
Vocabulary: calorific
(once / 41913 pages)
adj
Calorific is a good word for describing something that generates heat. A motorcycle race can be calorific in at least two ways: The engines get burning hot, and watching the race can make you burn with excitement.
In today's diet-obsessed world, you'd be forgiven for thinking that calorific means "filled with calories." In fact, when you do something calorific you don't load up on calories; you get rid of them. Say you drink a bottle of soda and then jump on the treadmill. All those calories you just poured down your throat? You're burning them up, turning them into heat. Running is a calorific activity. And a sweaty one.
WORD FAMILY
calorific
USAGE EXAMPLES
Even if it was reclassified, Nutella would still be twice as calorific as most jams, which contain around 50 calories per tablespoon.
BBC(Nov 03, 2016)
When the presenter points out it's actually well over one euro, Mr Cope jokingly responds that he doesn't buy them often because they're too calorific.
BBC(Oct 24, 2016)
Modern sedentary, high calorific life styles are certainly not helping.
BBC(Sep 26, 2016)
Back: adj. 生热的
分布：生热的(58%)，发热的(42%)
→来自calorie, 热量。
adjective
■containing calories (= units of energy provided by food) 含卡路里的，含热量的
• Fatty foods have a high calorific value. 高脂肪食物热量很高。
• Although it's only a quick snack, a hamburger is very calorific (= it contains a lot of calories.) 汉堡包尽管是速食，可热量很高。
adj. 发热的，生热的
 - burning, febrile

Word: cannibalism
Front: cannibalism
['kænɪbəlɪzəm] (托 17002/23143)
Vocabulary: cannibalism
(once / 6724 pages)
n
Cannibalism is when people eat people, or another animal eats that type of animal.
Of all the bizarre things in the world, cannibalism is near the top of the list. For humans, cannibalism means eating human flesh. This occurs in some primitive societies and among disturbed people such as serial killers. Also, if a group of people are stranded somewhere long enough, they might have to resort to cannibalism to survive. Animals that eat their own kind are also examples of cannibalism. People who engage in cannibalism are called cannibals.
WORD FAMILY
cannibalism: cannibalisms+/ cannibal: cannibalic, cannibalise, cannibalism, cannibalistic, cannibalize, cannibals/cannibalise: cannibalising/cannibalistic: cannibalistically/cannibalize: cannibalized, cannibalizes, cannibalizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
This year, Dr. Ohsumi won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for illuminating the importance of cell cannibalism.
New York Times(Dec 04, 2016)
A museum exhibit about cannibalism, a nonthreatening escape room, and a new dining and shopping destination.
Seattle Times(Dec 01, 2016)
At least 18 people offered the cannibalism tale of “The Grad U Ate.”
Washington Post(Oct 26, 2016)
Back: n. 吃人肉，同类相食
分布：同类相食(90%)，吃人肉的习性(10%)
同类相食(cannibal原指加勒比土著,为一食人族)[-ism名词1.表示"主义,宗教"2.表示"学术,流派"3.表示"行为,现象,状态"4.表示"疾病"5.表示"具备某种牲质"]
N-UNCOUNT
同类相食;食人肉
If a group of people practise cannibalism, they eat the flesh of other people.
例：They were forced to practise cannibalism in order to survive.为了活命,他们只好吃人肉。
n. 食人；嗜食同类；残忍的行为
 - anthropophagy

Word: ceuta

Word: causeway
Front: causeway
[ˈkɔ:zweɪ] (20171/19190 -1)
Back: n. 堤道; 公路
vt. 筑堤道于…
分布：堤道(95%)，在 ... 修堤道(5%)
→来自词根calc, 石子，石灰，词源同calculate, chalk. 指用石子或石灰铺的路。
US ['kɑ:z-] noun countable
■a raised path, especially across a wet area （尤指穿越湿地的）堤道

Word: cardiologist
Front: cardiologist
[ˌkɑ:diˈɒlədʒɪst] (宝 13262/37603)
Vocabulary: cardiologist
(once / 12723 pages)
n
A cardiologist is a heart doctor. He or she is the one to visit if you feel a tightness in your chest and shortness of breath.
We know that the suffix -ologist refers to someone who studies some area. To that, we add cardio-, which comes from the Greek kardia, meaning "heart," and we get "someone who studies the heart." The actual study of the heart is called cardiology, with cardiologist coming along a few years later. Besides treating the heart, a cardiologist is also concerned with the circulatory system, including arteries and veins.
WORD FAMILY
cardiologist: cardiologists+/cardiology: cardiologist
USAGE EXAMPLES
Following a February emergency room visit, she saw a cardiologist and learned that her heart was barely pumping blood.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
One year ago, during her routine sports physical before freshman year, her pediatrician heard a heart murmur and sent Davis to see a cardiologist.
Washington Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Topol, a cardiologist and professor of genomics at the Scripps Research Institute, is the author of “The Patient Will See You Now.”
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: n. 心脏病专家
分布：心脏病学家(100%)
US [ˌkɑ:r.di'ɑ:.lə-] specialized
noun countable
■a heart specialist 心脏病专家

Word: chock
Front: chock
[tʃɒk] (30368/38755)
Vocabulary: chock
(once / 11599 pages)
1nv 2adv
A chock is a wedge of wood or metal that you place behind a wheel to keep a vehicle from rolling. Mechanics often use a chock as a safety measure while they're working on a car.
Even if you've set the parking brake on your car, it's safer to also use a chock while you're working on it to ensure it doesn't move. There are special chocks for motorcycles, airplanes, and heavy trucks. You can also use chock as a verb, to mean "stop from rolling forward." The word's original meaning was "lumpy piece of wood," from Old North French choque, or "block."
WORD FAMILY
chock: chocked, chockful, chocking, chocks
USAGE EXAMPLES
Every now and again, a brilliant film chock full of excellent women threatens to change things for actresses in Hollywood.
The Guardian(Dec 18, 2016)
Asteroids are typically chock full of iron, nickel, cobalt, platinum and titanium.
The Guardian(Dec 06, 2016)
The new Surgeon General’s new report, Facing Addiction, is chock full of statistics intended to startle people into action.
The Guardian(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 木楔; 楔形木垫
vt. 收放定盘上; 用楔子垫阻
adv. 满满地
时态：chocked, chocking, chocks
分布：楔子(34%)，楔形木垫(19%)，木楔(19%)，用楔子垫阻(19%)，紧紧地(9%)
US [tʃɑ:k] noun countable
■a block of wood that can be put under a wheel or a heavy object to prevent it from moving （防止车轮或重物滑动的）楔子，垫木
n. 木楔；楔形木垫
 - wooden wedge
adv. 满满地
 - abrim

Word: chump
Front: chump
[tʃʌmp] (24070/39711)
Vocabulary: chump
(once / 5056 pages)
n
A chump is a sucker or a fool — someone who is very gullible. If a con artist cheats you out of money, you may end up feeling like a chump.
Chump is a very informal word for someone who falls for every trick and scheme, or who believes everything you tell them. If you get an email from an African prince asking for your bank account information so he can give you a lot of money, and you respond excitedly, ready to collect the cash, you're a chump. This meaning of chump first appeared in the 1880s — earlier, the word meant "short, thick piece of wood."
WORD FAMILY
chump: chumps
USAGE EXAMPLES
Not exactly chump change, but Clinton raised double that: The campaign alone raised nearly $500 million; $700 million including allied outside groups.
Salon(Dec 26, 2016)
Often the chump is too embarrassed to complain.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Trump needs to send Putin a blunt message today: “I am not your chump.”
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 傻瓜，笨蛋; 短而厚的木块
分布：笨蛋(62%)，呆子(16%)，羊腰部的厚肉(11%)，短而厚的木块(11%)
→来自拟声词，模仿大块物件落地的声音，词义由大块外延至笨蛋。
[tʃʌmp] old-fashioned informal
noun countable
■a silly or stupid person 傻瓜，笨蛋，呆子
• [as form of address] You chump! Why did you tell her that? 你这个呆子！干吗告诉她那件事？
[tʃʌmp] old-fashioned informal
noun countable
be off your chump UK old-fashioned informal
■to be extremely silly or stupid 发疯，发傻，呆头呆脑
n. 大肉片；笨蛋； [木] 大木片
 - simple, turkey, put

Word: cheerless
Front: cheerless
[ˈtʃɪələs] (29952/32779)
Back: adj. 沉闷的; 无乐趣的; 不快乐的; 阴郁的
分布：阴郁的(54%)，无乐趣的(23%)，沉闷的(23%)
US ['tʃɪr-] adjective
■not bright or pleasant and making you feel sad 阴暗的；阴郁的；惨澹的
• a cold and cheerless winter afternoon 寒冷阴郁的冬日午后
• a bare, cheerless apartment 四壁空空、阴暗惨澹的公寓
adj. 阴郁的；惨淡的，无精打采的
 - sad, gray

Word: classless
Front: classless
[ˈklɑ:sləs] (30544/16153 -1)
Back: adj. 无阶级的; 无阶级差别的; “class”的派生
分布：无阶级的(88%)，无阶级差别的(12%)
US ['klæs.ləs] adjective
■not belonging to a particular social class 不属于某一特定阶级（或阶层）的
• Her accent is classless. 她的口音不带任何社会阶层的特征。
■having no different social classes 无阶级的，无阶级区分的
• The prime minister claims that he wants to create a classless society. 首相声称他想创建一个无阶级社会。
adj. 无阶级的；不属于任何阶级的
 - casteless

Word: conga
Front: conga
[ˈkɒŋgə] (26514/44763)
Back: n. （起源于拉丁美洲的）康茄舞，康茄舞曲
vi. 跳康茄舞
时态：congaed, congaing, congas
分布：康加舞(40%)，康加鼓(30%)，康加舞曲(15%)，跳康加舞(15%)
→来自南美土著语。
US ['kɑ:ŋ-] noun countable
■a Latin American dance in which a chain of people hold each other around the waist and follow the leader around using simple steps and kicks 康加舞（一种拉丁美洲舞蹈）
■a piece of music for the conga 康加舞乐曲

Word: decennial
Front: decennial
[dɪ'senɪəl] (38870/47812)
Back: adj. 十年一度的
分布：十年间的(47%)，十周年纪念(30%)，每十年一次的(23%)
adj. 十年间的
 - decadal

Word: deterministic
Front: deterministic
[dɪˌtɜ:mɪ'nɪstɪk] (23481/24394)
Back: adj. 确定性的
分布：确定的(88%)，宿命的(12%)
adj. 确定性的；命运注定论的
 - conclusive

Word: dialectic
Front: dialectic
[ˌdaɪəˈlektɪk] (13710/17318)
Vocabulary: dialectic
(once / 2972 pages)
nadj
Dialectic is a formal system of reasoning that arrives at the truth through the exchange of logical arguments.
Dialectic is a process of examining an issue using very careful steps. A "thesis," or argument, is offered, followed by the "antithesis," or counterargument. The goal is to extract the best points from each of these to form a "synthesis." This in turn is used as a new argument, followed by counterargument, and the process continues, hopefully getting closer and closer to the truth, or at least something everyone can agree upon.
WORD FAMILY
dialectic: dialectical, dialectically, dialectician, dialectics+/dialectician: dialecticians
USAGE EXAMPLES
More even than most science fiction, near-future sci-fi offers a kind of dialectic between what is right now and what might be.
The Guardian(Nov 21, 2016)
A protracted dialectic on shades of blue ensues.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 03, 2016)
The moral struggle that follows fuels a sophisticated dialectic that presents both sides of the gun debate before descending, ultimately, into polemics.
Los Angeles Times(Jul 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 辩证的
n. 辩证法
分布：辩证法(80%)，辩证的(16%)，逻辑论证法(4%)
→来自dialect,交流，对话。引申为辩证的。
辩证法(dia+lect讲+ic→二人对讲→辩证法)[dia-表示"穿过,二者之间"]
[ˌdaɪ.ə'lek.tɪk] (also dialectics) specialized
noun uncountable
■a way of discovering what is true by considering opposite theories 辩证法
n. 辩证法；逻辑论证
 - logical argumentation

Word: decorator
Front: decorator
[ˈdekəreɪtə(r)] (13646/14596)
Vocabulary: decorator
(once / 6797 pages)
n
A decorator is a person whose job involves decorating rooms — fixing them up, painting, arranging furniture, and so on. Your uncle might hire a decorator to help him furnish his brand new, fancy vacation home.
You can also call a decorator a designer or an interior designer. Skilled decorators are particularly good at combining colors, fabrics, rugs, and furniture styles to make a good-looking space. Even if you're not a professional decorator, you could offer to help a friend decorate her apartment, painting her walls bright orange and sewing fuzzy green pillows for her sofa. Decorator comes from the Latin word decorare, "to adorn, embellish, or beautify."
WORD FAMILY
decorator: decorators+/ decor: decorate, decors/ decorate: decorated, decorates, decorating, decoration, decorative, decorator, redecorate /decorated: undecorated/ decoration: decorations/ decorative: decoratively, decorativeness/ redecorate: redecorated, redecorates, redecorating
USAGE EXAMPLES
“She’s been an unsolicited stylist, interior decorator and marriage counselor.”
Time(Dec 27, 2016)
Although not an event organizer or decorator by trade, Anderson said he enjoys the planning and preparation, which begin in November — before Thanksgiving.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Gerdy Troost, Hitler’s interior decorator, played an important role in conveying an image of her client as a man of taste and culture.
Salon(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 室内装饰师，油漆匠
adj. 适于室内装饰的
分布：室内装潢师(62%)，装饰者(38%)
US [-ɚ.eɪ.tˌɚ] noun countable
■a person whose job is to paint the inside or outside of buildings and to do other related work 装修工；粉刷匠
• a firm of painters and decorators 油漆装修公司
n. 装饰者；室内装潢师
 - decker, trimmer

Word: dotage
Front: dotage
[ˈdəʊtɪdʒ] (宝 34799/40752)
Vocabulary: dotage
(once / 8191 pages)
n
The noun dotage describes the mental decline that many elderly people eventually experience. Those in their dotage sometimes act silly or forgetful.
The first syllable in dotage rhymes with go: "DOE-tage." The verb dote means "to be silly" and also "to be infatuated," both of which can at times describe those in their dotage (including a renewed interest in romance that many may not have experienced since they were giddy teenagers, in love for the first time).
WORD FAMILY
dotage: dotages
USAGE EXAMPLES
Please stay healthy and prosperous as you finance my dotage.
Washington Post(Nov 16, 2016)
I am a happy childless never married woman who is having a great time in my dotage.
New York Times(Oct 07, 2016)
For as more people enter and live longer in their dotage, demand increases for two costly types of care.
Economist(Sep 08, 2016)
Back: n. 老年糊涂; 年老昏聩，年老糊涂
分布：溺爱(50%)，老迷糊(30%)，老耄(20%)
→来自dote, 糊涂。
老年昏愦(dot打盹+age)[-age名词反缀1.表示"状态,总称"2.表示"场所,物品"3.表示"费用"]
【记】dote溺爱，到了溺爱小孙子的年龄－老糊涂
US ['doʊ.tˌɪdʒ] noun uncountable
■old age, especially with some loss of mental ability 年迈（尤指年老糊涂）
n. 溺爱；老耄；老迷糊
 - fondness, maternalism

Word: domesticity
Front: domesticity
[ˌdəʊmeˈstɪsəti] (19895/19288)
Back: n. 家庭生活
分布：顾家(100%)
US [ˌdoʊ.mes'tɪs.ə.tˌi] noun uncountable
■life at home looking after your house and family 持家，家庭生活
• She married young and settled happily into domesticity. 她结婚早并且家庭幸福。
n. 家庭生活；专心于家务；对家庭的挚爱
 - family life, domestic life

Word: dissertation
Front: dissertation
[ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃn] (托雅宝 9303/12720 -1)
Vocabulary: dissertation
(once / 2476 pages)
n
A dissertation is a long piece of writing that uses research to bring to light an original idea. Don't go to grad school unless you're prepared to write, say, a 300-page dissertation on some topic.
In everyday speech, we sometimes accuse people of delivering dissertations when they overload us with dull information. If you're annoyed with a long memo from your office manager about keeping the kitchen clean, you could mutter to a coworker, “How’d you like that dissertation Felix posted about rinsing out our mugs?”
WORD FAMILY
dissertation: dissertations+/dissertate: dissertated, dissertates, dissertating, dissertation
USAGE EXAMPLES
“One of them just finished her dissertation on women rescuers and perpetrators in Rwanda. She wrote to me and said, ‘This is all about Marion.’
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
His doctoral dissertation in 1998 on oil transport networks drips with contempt for market forces.
Economist(Dec 15, 2016)
A doctoral dissertation at the University of California at Santa Barbara uses “feminist methodologies” to understand how Girl Scout cookie sales “reproduce hegemonic gender roles.”
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 专题论文，学位论文; 学术演讲
分布：论文(100%)
→dis-, 分开，散开。-sert, 安排，连接，词源同series, insert. 即分开安排，各个讨论，引申词义专题论文。比较discuss, discourse, disquisition.
【记】dissert（vi 论述）
US [-ɚ-] noun countable
■a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one that is done as a part of a course at college or university 专题论文；学位论文
• Ann did her dissertation on Baudelaire. 安的论文写的是波德莱尔。
article, paper, theme, composition, dissertation, essay, prose, thesis
这组词都有“文章”的意思，其区别是：
article: 多指在报刊、杂志上发表的非文艺性的文章，包括新闻报导、学术论文等。
paper: 正式用词，多指在学术刊物上发表或在学术会议上宣读的专题论文，也指高等学校的学期论文，或学校里的作文练习。
theme: 一般指大学或高中生作为作业所写的篇幅有限、较完整论述某个观点的文章。也可指作品或谈话的主要论题。
composition: 多指学校里老师给学生的作文练习。
dissertation: 书面语用词，指独立研究后所写的较为详细的专题文章；也可指学位论文。
essay: 指任何一种非小说性的，篇幅不长、结构简练的文章，如论说文、报道、评论、讽刺性杂文等。
prose: 专指散文。
thesis: 既可指毕业论文、学位论文，又可指一般的为阐述学术观点而写的论文。
n. 论文，专题；学术演讲
 - thesis, tractate

Word: dinghy
Front: dinghy
[ˈdɪŋi] (21132/9270 -1)
Vocabulary: dinghy
(once / 7510 pages)
n
A long journey by sea requires a large ship, but if you’re out for an afternoon on the pond, you may want to take the dinghy, a small boat.
A dinghy, pronounced "DING-ee," is a lifeboat found on board of a ship in case of emergency, but it can also be a rowboat used for fishing or just relaxing out on the water. The unusual spelling of this word reflects its exotic origins, in the Hindi word ḍiṅgī. Be sure to remember to include the silent “h” when you spell dinghy.
WORD FAMILY
dinghy: dinghies
USAGE EXAMPLES
At the town beach, a small cove with anchored dinghies, we changed into bathing suits and scrambled over boulders for a swim.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
Another 40 people were feared dead from another dinghy also carrying about 120 people.
The Guardian(Dec 23, 2016)
Elvstrom’s final three gold medals were won in the Finn, involving a single-handed dinghy with no crew.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 无篷小船，小艇; 救生艇
分布：小船(58%)，救生艇(42%)
→来自印度语。
【记】由于敞舱，导致船舱里特别的dingy（见下）
noun countable
■a small open boat 无篷小船
• an inflatable/motorized dinghy 充气船／电动艇
• He was transferred to the ship by dinghy. 他被小船接到了大船上。
■a small sailing boat 小帆船
• a dinghy race 帆船比赛
n. 小艇；小船
 - boat, tender

Word: diametrically
Front: diametrically
[ˌdaɪəˈmetrɪkli] (21718/19793)
Back: adv. 作为直径地，直接地
分布：完全地(50%)，直径地(25%)，正相反地(25%)
adverb
■completely 完全地，完整地
• The two politicians have diametrically opposite points of view/are diametrically opposed. 这两位政治家的观点截然相反。
adv. 完全地；作为直径地；直接地；正好相反地
 - totally, entirely, completely, absolutely, thoroughly, strictly, fully

Word: disembark
Front: disembark
[ˌdɪsɪmˈbɑ:k] (18513/18924)
Vocabulary: disembark
(once / 2504 pages)
v
Use the verb disembark to describe leaving a ship, airplane or other type of vehicle, like making sure you haven't left anything in the plane's overhead compartment before you disembark.
Embark means "putting passengers in a plane or on a boat." Disembark is its opposite. When you disembark, you leave a ship or a plane, like when you can't wait to disembark at the port in order to go sight-seeing. When you disembark, there is a transition — you walk down a gangplank to go from water to land or down a special corridor to get from the runway to the airport terminal — unlike when you get out of a car. That's why you wouldn't use disembark for getting out of a car.
WORD FAMILY
disembark: disembarkation, disembarked, disembarking, disembarkment, disembarks+/disembarkation: disembarkations/ embark: disembark, embarkation, embarked, embarking, embarkment, embarks/embarkation: embarkations/embarkment: embarkments
USAGE EXAMPLES
Without a word she remained by his side as they disembarked the boat and stayed close by as he walked through downtown.
Seattle Times(Dec 30, 2016)
He invoked the magic message — essentially them vs. us — and the demons disembarked from their dark hiding places.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
The 60 or travelers — all black, mostly young men, but also several women and children — disembark and gather up their backpacks and bags.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. （使）登陆[上岸]; 卸下
时态：disembarked, disembarking, disembarks
分布：下车下飞机(100%)
→dis-, 不，非，使相反。embark, 上车，船，飞机等。
【记】bark＝bank岸边
【参】embark（v 上船；上飞机；从事）
US [-'bɑ:rk] formal
verb intransitive
■to leave a ship, aircraft, etc. after a journey 下船，下飞机，下车
vi. 登陆，下车；上岸
 - land, go ashore

Word: earthbound
Front: earthbound
[ˈɜ:θbaʊnd] (19899/34052)
Back: adj. 固着于土地的，为世俗利益所束缚的，讲实际的
分布：世俗的(32%)，缺乏想象力的(23%)，行向地球的(15%)，扎根于地的(15%)，接地的(15%)
US ['ɝ:θ-] adjective
■unable to leave the surface of the Earth 不能离开地球表面的；只在地球（或陆地表面）上的
• The space shuttle remained earthbound because of a technical fault. 因为出现技术故障，太空穿梭机尚未能升空。
■not exciting or showing much imagination 平淡无奇的；缺乏想像力的
• an uninspired and earthbound performance 毫无创意、平淡无奇的演出

Word: duet
Front: duet
[djuˈet] (宝 12125/16219 -1)
Vocabulary: duet
(once / 2382 pages)
n
A duet is two people singing or playing musical instruments together. You and your brother might be a popular sidewalk duet with your fiddle-accordion combo.
If you have tickets for a musical duet, you'll be watching and listening to two performers. You can also call the composition that's written for the two of them a duet, since it has parts for two instruments. Two dancers can also perform a duet, a dance especially choreographed for a couple. Duet stems from the Italian duetto, "musical composition for two voices," from duo, or "two."
WORD FAMILY
duet: duets
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ms. Damrau and Mr. Grigolo were especially inspired during the four duets that form the dramatic crux of Gounod’s opera.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Instead, the movie proves that at this moment, an effervescent, tap-danced duet is just what we need. —
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
In others, she sings duets with Gérard Depardieu and Julio Iglesias.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: n. 二重奏，二重唱; 一对
分布：二重唱(54%)，二重奏(41%)，演奏二重奏或二重唱(5%)
→来自拉丁语duo, 二。用于音乐名词。比较quartet, quintet.
【区】duel（v /n 决斗）用的是l剑duet用的是t小提琴
US [du:-] noun countable
■a song or other piece of music sung or played by two people 二重唱（曲），二重奏（曲）
n. 二重奏
 - duo

Word: dyer

Word: embalm
Front: embalm
[ɪmˈbɑ:m] (托 22768/17815)
Vocabulary: embalm
(once / 2852 pages)
v
To embalm is to prepare a body for a funeral or burial. Part of a funeral director's job is to embalm the bodies of people who have died.
Various traditions of death and burial require a dead body to be preserved with chemicals, and when someone does this, she's said to embalm the body. Occasionally, there are also medical research or educational reasons to embalm a body. Embalm has an Old French root, embaumer, "preserve a corpse with spices."
WORD FAMILY
embalm: embalmed, embalmer, embalming, embalmment, embalms+/embalmer: embalmers/embalmment: embalmments
USAGE EXAMPLES
Demand also is on the rise for so-called “green burials,” in which no embalming is done and biodegradable burial materials are used.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Myrrh was used for embalming – it prefigures Christ’s death.
The Guardian(Dec 23, 2016)
The person being buried must not be embalmed and should be clad in light, biodegradable clothing.
BBC(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: vt. 保存（尸体）不腐; 使不被遗忘; 使充满香气
时态：embalmed, embalming, embalms
分布：防腐(40%)，使不朽(33%)，铭记(16%)，使弥香气(11%)
→em-, 进入，使。balm, 芳香。
保存尸体;铭记(em进入+balm→古人用香油等保存尸体,引申为铭记)[balm=balsam,表示"香油"]
verb transitive
■to use chemicals to prevent a dead body from decaying （用药物等）对（尸体）进行防腐处理
vt. 铭记于心；使不朽；防腐；使充满香气
 - immortalise, eternalize

Word: effusive
Front: effusive
[ɪˈfju:sɪv] (22056/33069)
Vocabulary: effusive
(once / 4243 pages)
adj
Getting a compliment from your effusive Aunt Sally can be a little embarrassing. Since she's so effusive, Aunt Sally holds nothing back, gushing with enthusiasm.
The adjective effusive means "extravagantly demonstrative," and if you know someone who expresses positive emotions in a heartfelt, bubbly way, you understand just what the word means. The word effusive has a surprisingly similar definition in geology; it describes a particular kind of volcanic eruption, one in which lava bubbles up out of the volcano and flows around it.
WORD FAMILY
effusive: effusively, effusiveness +/effuse: effused, effuses, effusing, effusion, effusive / effusion: effusions
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Downing Street file reveals that while global leaders were loudly singing her praises her own cabinet colleagues were notably less effusive.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
USC offensive coordinator Tee Martin was more effusive in his praise of Pry’s defense.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
On the other hand, her challenger, the eventual winner, Donald J. Trump, was effusive in his praise for the Russian leader.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 流露感情的; 溢于言表的; 流出的; 喷出的
分布：溢于言表的(58%)，感情奔放的(42%)
→ef-, 向外。-fus, 流，词源同confuse, fusion.
热情洋溢的;溢出的(ef出+fus+ive→[感情]流出的)[fus=pour,表示"流,泻"]
【记】ef出，fus流－流出的
【参】effusion（n 流出物；泻出）
【反】lack of emotion（无感情的）；reticent（adj 沉默寡言的）
[ɪ'fju:.sɪv] formal
adjective
■expressing welcome, approval or pleasure in a way that shows very strong feeling 热情的，热情洋溢的；奔放的
• They gave us such an effusive welcome it was quite embarrassing. 他们的欢迎仪式搞得如此热烈，倒让我们颇有些不好意思。
adj. 流出的；感情横溢的
 - excurrent, exudative

Word: fense

Word: econometric
Front: econometric
[ɪkɒnə'metrɪk] (27087/17912)
Back: adj. 计量经济学的
分布：计量经济学的(100%)

Word: encyclopedic
Front: encyclopedic
[ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpi:dɪk] (宝 20268/43852)
Vocabulary: encyclopedic
(once / 21335 pages)
adj
Something that's encyclopedic includes everything — it's vast and complete. Your encyclopedic knowledge of insects means you can identify every single bug you come across.
You're most likely to find the adjective encyclopedic describing the word knowledge. If your knowledge about any subject is encyclopedic, it means you know as much about it as an encyclopedia — a book crammed full of information — could tell you. In fact, encyclopedic comes from encyclopedia, a modern Latin word that's based on a misreading of the Greek enkyklios paideia as "general education." The phrase actually means "training in a circle."
WORD FAMILY
encyclopedic: encyclopedically
USAGE EXAMPLES
The result is a jumping, roiling collage that’s both crazed and encyclopedic.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
The Washington Post praised Nesteroff’s “encyclopedic knowledge, talent for vivid anecdotes and tireless gusto.”
Seattle Times(Nov 24, 2016)
The information is in far simpler form than the sometimes encyclopedic texts of the exhibition labels that more than a few visitors seem to ignore.
New York Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 百科全书般的，学识渊博的; 百科全书的
分布：百科全书的(77%)，知识渊博的(23%)
【记】encyclo包围，ped儿童－对儿童教育用encyclopedia（n 百科全书）
【参】pediatrics（n 小儿科）
(also encyclopaedic) [ɪnˌsaɪ.klə'pi:.dɪk] adjective
■containing a lot of information 信息量大的；知识渊博的
■covering a large range of knowledge, often in great detail 百科全书似的；包罗万象的；博学的
• her encyclopedic knowledge of France 她关于法国的广博知识
adj. 渊博的；知识广博的
 - profound, cyclopaedic

Word: exclamation
Front: exclamation
[ˌekskləˈmeɪʃn] (六宝 13840/12396)
Vocabulary: exclamation
(once / 395 pages)
n
If you need a word to call other "words" like "Yay!" or "Rats!", then exclamation is your word. An exclamation is usually followed by an exclamation point. Go Figure.
The shocked cry you made when your friends jumped out and yelled, "Surprise!" at your birthday party? You could call both your yelp and their "Surprise! exclamations. The Latin word exclamare, or "cry out loud," is at the root of the noun exclamation. An exclamation doesn't need to be a literal "cry," though — it can be a surprised "Wow!" or an angry "No!" Anything you say with abrupt excitement, pain, fear, or anger is an exclamation.
WORD FAMILY
exclamation: exclamations+/ exclaim: exclaimed, exclaiming, exclaims, exclamation, exclamatory /exclaiming: exclaimings/ exclamatory: exclamatorily
USAGE EXAMPLES
Conner is cancer free and wants to put the exclamation point on a fantastic personal and playing season in his final game.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Wham back then, complete with exclamation point, seemed the clear antithesis of the miner-supporting Red Wedge.
Slate(Dec 27, 2016)
The Bryant-to-Witten connection put an exclamation point on the Cowboys' domination of the third quarter.
Reuters(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: n. 呼喊，惊叫; 感叹; 感叹语; 感叹词
分布：惊呼(54%)，惊叹词(46%)
→来自exclaim, 惊叫。
叫喊;感叹[claim,clam=cyrout,shout,表示"呼喊,叫喊"]
大喊,感叹(exclaim大喊)[-ation表名词"行为,过程,结果"]
noun countable
 ADVANCED
■something you say or shout suddenly because of surprise, fear, pleasure, etc （因吃惊、害怕、喜悦等而发出的）呼喊，惊叫
• an exclamation of delight 高兴的大叫
n. 感叹；惊叫；惊叹词
 - plaint

Word: enfranchise
Front: enfranchise
[ɪnˈfræntʃaɪz] (34840/35526)
Vocabulary: enfranchise
(once / 2562 pages)
v
The verb enfranchise is used when a group of people are given voting rights or freedoms they didn't have before. Many people under the age of 18 would like lawmakers to enfranchise their peer group so they can vote.
Enfranchise traces back to the Old French word enfranchiss, a combination of en-, meaning "make, put in," and enfranchir, meaning "to set or make free." In the 1680s, enfranchise came to mean "to admit to membership in a state," something that usually came with the right to vote. You may know the word disenfranchised, an adjective that describes people who lack rights or liberties. To enfranchise is to give or restore rights to the disenfranchised.
WORD FAMILY
enfranchise: disenfranchise, enfranchised, enfranchisement, enfranchises, enfranchising+/ disenfranchise: disenfranchised, disenfranchisement, disenfranchises, disenfranchising/disfranchise: disfranchised, disfranchisement, disfranchises, disfranchising/disfranchisement: disfranchisements/enfranchisement: enfranchisements/ franchise: disfranchise, enfranchise, franchised, franchises, franchising
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the suffragists who fought for a woman’s right to vote were invested in enfranchising a particular kind of woman.
New York Times(Nov 15, 2016)
“If they check they’re 18 and a U.S. citizen, we have to accept that. We err on the side of enfranchising the voter.”
Los Angeles Times(Oct 25, 2016)
“That messaging is designed to enfranchise voters, not to disenfranchise voters,” Augino said.
Seattle Times(Oct 24, 2016)
Back: vt. 给予选举权; （从奴隶制中）解放
时态：enfranchised, enfranchising, enfranchises
分布：解放(80%)，给与选举权(20%)
→en-, 进入，使。franchise, 选举权，词源同free.
【记】franchise（n 选举权；v 赋予公民权）；franc法国，chise中国
【参】disfranchise（vt 剥夺公民权）
【反】enfetter（vt 上脚镣；使为奴隶；束缚）；resubject（v 使再臣服）；subjugate（vt 使屈服；征服）
[ɪn'fræn.tʃaɪz] formal
verb transitive
■to give a person or group of people the right to vote in elections 给…选举权
• Women in Britain were first enfranchised in 1918. 英国妇女在1918年首次获得选举权。
vt. 给予选举权；给予自治权；解放，释放
 - deliver, emancipate

Word: exertion
Front: exertion
[ɪgˈzɜ:ʃn] (托 12337/14183)
Vocabulary: exertion
(once / 326 pages)
n
Exertion is effort. Exercise requires physical exertion. Listening to great jazz requires mental exertion. What kind of exertion does jazzercise require? Perhaps too much.
Ex– means out. Exertion means energy is coming out—so much so that when you’re done, you may feel exhausted. The opposite of ex- is in-, as in inertia—something you need exertion to overcome.
WORD FAMILY
exertion: exertions+/ exert: exerted, exerting, exertion, exerts, overexert/overexert: overexerted, overexerting, overexertion, overexerts/overexertion: overexertions
USAGE EXAMPLES
In “Silence,” Scorsese borrows the genre’s stripped-down framework in order to observe the physical exertion of brutal power.
The New Yorker(Dec 27, 2016)
One minute of all-out exercise may provide the benefits of 45 minutes of moderate exertion.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
But Mr. Evans was also engaged in an enigmatic ritual of physical exertion and formal control.
New York Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 努力; 费力; （能力、权力等的）运用; 行使
分布：发挥(45%)，努力(32%)，运用(23%)
→来自exert, 行使，竭力。
US [-'zɝ:-] noun
EFFORT 努力
countable or uncountable
■when you make a lot of mental or physical effort 尽力；努力；费力
• I get out of breath with any kind of physical exertion. 我一做些体力劳动的工作就会上气不接下气。
• We were exhausted after our exertions. 我们用尽全力，最后个个精疲力尽。
UK [ɪg'zɜ:.ʃən] US [-'zɝ:-] noun
USE 运用
uncountable
■when you use something such as authority, power, influence, etc. in order to make something happen 运用；行使（权威、权力等）；施加（影响等）
• the exertion of influence over who was appointed to the job 对获授予该职位的人施以影响
n. 发挥；运用；努力
 - effort, use, trial, pain, struggle

Word: extremity
Front: extremity
[ɪkˈstreməti] (托 13554/13959)
Vocabulary: extremity
(once / 377 pages)
1n 2n 3n
An extremity is a limb or appendage of the body, particularly the hands and feet. If the weather is cold, you have to be sure to protect your extremities from frostbite by wearing gloves, warm socks, and boots.
The noun extremity also means the outermost point or part — the one that's farthest away. Nauset Light Beach on Cape Cod, for example, is the easternmost extremity in the state of Massachusetts. Extremity can also refer to the greatest degree, especially of an emotion or physical feeling. The extremity of the pain in your ankle might make you realize you should go to the emergency room for x-rays.
WORD FAMILY
extremity: extremities+/ extreme: extremely, extremeness, extremes, extremest, extremism, extremity /extremeness: extremenesses/ extremism: extremisms, extremist / extremist: extremists
USAGE EXAMPLES
There was a moving, human beauty in the extremity of that bond.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
What may jolt even those who supported Mr. Trump is the extremity of Mr. Price’s views on women’s health.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Meanwhile, Turkish and Kurdish democrats are sandwiched between extremities, unable to challenge the insanity of ultranationalism, unable to breathe.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: n. 端点; 尽头; 手和足; 极窘迫的境地
分布：极端(30%)，尽头(21%)，绝境(21%)，极度(16%)，非常手段(9%)，手足.(3%)
非常手段(extreme+ity表名词→极端手段)[extr(e),exter=out表示"出去"]
【记】extreme（adj 尽头的；极端的；极度的n 极端）
【参】extremist（n （在政治上）极端主义者）
US [-ə.tˌi] noun
countable
■the furthest point, especially from the centre 末端的，尽头的；（尤指）离中心最远的
• The wood lies on the southern extremity of the estate. 树林位于庄园的最南边。
extremities [plural] formal
■the parts of the human body furthest from the heart, for example, the fingers, toes and nose （身体的）末处，末梢（如手指、脚趾、鼻子等）
n. 极端；绝境；非常手段；手足
 - radicalness, Desperate Remedies

Word: fightback
Front: fightback
[ˈfaɪtbæk] (-/28558)
Back: n. <英>回击，反攻
分布：反攻(100%)
n. （英）回击；反攻
 - counteroffensive

Word: filipina

Word: fez
Front: fez
[fez] (30732/39601)
Vocabulary: fez
(once / 17356 pages)
n
A fez is a round hat with a tassel on the top. Your town's July fourth parade might feature men wearing fezzes and driving very small cars.
A fez is a short, round, red hat with a flat top. Years ago, the fez was the official national hat of Turkey, and before that the Ottoman Empire. Today fezzes are typically worn by certain groups of Muslims and members of fraternal organizations such as the Shriners and the Elks. Fez is a French word that comes from the city of Fez in Morocco, where most of the hats were once made.
WORD FAMILY
fez: fezes, fezzes
USAGE EXAMPLES
According to legend, Tommy Cooper began wearing a fez when he lost his army-issue helmet while performing in Cairo during World War Two.
BBC(Dec 05, 2016)
A garish blue sculpture of Ganesh, the Hindu god of luck, is in the lobby across from a statue of a monkey wearing a fez.
Washington Times(Sep 11, 2016)
The winner with the most impressive facial hair will take home a fez trophy.
New York Times(Sep 01, 2016)
Back: n. 土耳其毡帽
分布：名词(100%)
→来自土耳其语，最终来自摩洛哥港口城市Fez, 因产自该地而得名。
noun countable (plural fezzes)
■a high, cone-shaped hat with a flat top and no brim , usually made of red material and with threads hanging from the top, especially as worn in the past by men in some Muslim countries 土耳其帽（尤指过去一些穆斯林国家男性戴的平顶有缨无边红色圆帽）

Word: finalist
Front: finalist
[ˈfaɪnəlɪst] (10177/12938)
Vocabulary: finalist
(once / 4548 pages)
n
A finalist is a competitor who reaches the final game, match, or tournament. If your favorite sports team wins in the semi-finals, it means they're a finalist in the last game.
A spelling bee finalist is likely to face some really tricky words, and a finalist in a pie-eating contest must be unbelievably good at quick chewing and swallowing. If you don't expect to win even one game in a chess competition, you'll be shocked to find yourself a finalist. An earlier meaning of the word was "one who believes the end has been reached."
WORD FAMILY
finalist: finalists+/ final: finalise, finalist, finality, finalize, finally, finals, semifinal/finalise: finalisation, finalised/ finality: finalities/ finalize: finalization, finalized, finalizes, finalizing/semifinal: semifinalist, semifinals/semifinalist: semifinalists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Arts in Action was one of ten nonprofits recently selected nationally as finalists for BB&T’s “Shine a Light” contest.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
The book was one of three finalists for the Pulitzer in biography in 2007.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Rickey Smith, an “American Idol” finalist was killed in an automobile crash in Oklahoma City.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: n. 决赛选手，决赛队
分布：参加决赛者(100%)
决赛选手(final最后的+ist)[fin=end,boundary,表示"结束,范围"]
noun countable
■a person or group competing in a final 入围决赛者，决赛选手

Word: forfeiture
Front: forfeiture
[ˈfɔ:fɪtʃə(r)] (宝 23734/24182)
Back: n. （财产等的）没收，（权利、名誉等的）丧失
分布：名词(100%)
→来自forfeit, 没收。
US ['fɔ:r.fɪ.tʃɚ] noun countable or uncountable legal
■the loss of rights, property or money, especially as a result of breaking a legal agreement （尤指因违反法律协定造成的）丧失，没收
• He was deep in debt and faced with forfeiture of his property. 他负债累累，面临财产被没收的窘境。
n. （财产等的）没收；（权利、名誉等的）丧失
 - seizure, confiscation

Word: flagellation
Front: flagellation
[ˌflædʒə'leɪʃn] (38302/41120)
Back: n. 鞭打，鞭挞; 鞭身
分布：鞭打(100%)
n. 鞭打；鞭毛形成
 - flogging, fladge

Word: foursquare
Front: foursquare
['fɔ:'skweə] (34300/48395)
Back: adj. 正方形的，直爽的，坚定的
分布：正方形的(23%)，正方形地(22%)，坚定的(22%)，正直地(11%)，坚定地(11%)，直爽的(11%)
adj. 正方形的；坚定的；直率的
 - committed, square, firm, confirmed, stable
adv. 正方形地；直率地
 - freely, forthrightly
n. 正方形；四角
 - square

Word: garble
Front: garble
['gɑ:bl] (宝 34558/48393)
Vocabulary: garble
(once / 8330 pages)
v
When you garble something, you warp or distort it, making it hard to understand. Talking with marbles in your mouth is one sure way of garbling your speech.
When garble first emerged on the scene in the early 15th century, it meant "to sift" or "sort through." So imagine a sentence so scrambled that you have to sort through each word, trying to figure out what everything means. Garbling can happen by accident, like when your radio signal is bad and the songs get all distorted. But spies often jumble up their secret messages on purpose to protect them from prying eyes and ears.
WORD FAMILY
garble: garbled, garbles, garbling
USAGE EXAMPLES
First, the researchers played a very distorted, garbled sentence to each subject, which almost no-one was able to understand.
BBC(Dec 20, 2016)
The official explanation for this delay was a bit garbled.
The New Yorker(Dec 13, 2016)
But once the rocket’s third stage began firing, radio transmissions became garbled, leaving the fate of the Progress capsule unclear.
Reuters(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: vt. 对（事实）歪曲，对（文章等）断章取义，窜改
时态：garbled, garbling, garbles
分布：断章取义(47%)，混淆(45%)，曲解(8%)
【记】嘎崩（garble）一声使东西弯曲－曲解
【反】elucidate（v 说明；阐明）；report accurately（精确的报告）
vt. 断章取义；歪曲； [通信] 混淆
 - colour, out of context
n. 断章取义； [通信] 混淆；篡改
 - confusion, manipulation

Word: freudian

Word: halcyon
Front: halcyon
[ˈhælsiən] (宝 28036/21136 -1)
Vocabulary: halcyon
(once / 9720 pages)
nadj
An old man watching his grandchildren play might look back fondly on his halcyon days, remembering the peaceful, happy time of his youth.
The word halcyon comes from a story in Greek mythology about the halcyon bird, which had the power to calm the rough ocean waves every December so she could nest. Like those calm waters, halcyon has come to mean a sense of peace or tranquility. People often use the phrase halcyon days to refer idyllically to a calmer, more peaceful time in their past.
WORD FAMILY
halcyon: halcyons
USAGE EXAMPLES
So much effort for something they'd never see, a halcyon dream they clutched while the skies boiled with ash.
Nature(Nov 22, 2016)
In her mind, those were the halcyon days.
Salon(Oct 24, 2016)
In her mind, those were the halcyon days.
Salon(Oct 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 平静的，平稳的; 翠鸟的，翠鸟产卵期的; 愉快的; 繁荣的
n. 翡翠鸟; 传说中的太平鸟
分布：平稳的(30%)，翡翠鸟(28%)，宁静的(28%)，传说中的太平鸟(14%)
→来自希腊语halkyon,希腊神话中形如翠鸟的神鸟，来自hal-,海，词源同salt,halogen,-kyon,孕育，来自keue,膨胀，词源同cave,cumulus.传说在冬至前后的两周时间，这种鸟在海面上筑巢孕育下一代，平时惊涛骇浪的大海会风平浪静，因此，引申词义太平的。
【记】原指神翠鸟－一种神话中的鸟，据说当它在冬至期间在海上筑巢时，具有平息风浪的力量hal＝hall（n 会堂；大厅；礼堂）需要平静，安静根hal是呼吸的意思－只能听见呼吸的声音－安静的
【反】miserable（adj 痛苦的；悲惨的）；stormy（adj 暴风雨的）；tempestuous（adj 有暴风雨的；暴乱的）
adj. 宁静的；平稳的
 - smooth, restful

Word: harmonic
Front: harmonic
[hɑ:ˈmɒnɪk] (托 14496/13270 -1)
Back: adj. [乐]和声的，悦耳的; [物]谐波的; 和睦的，融洽的; [数]调和的
n. [物] 谐波; [乐]泛音，和声; [数]谐函数，调和函数
分布：和声的(48%)，调和的(16%)，音乐般的(16%)，和音(12%)，调波(8%)
→来自harmony,和谐，和声。
US [hɑ:r'mɑ:.nɪk] noun countable specialized
■a special note that a musical instrument can play which sounds different from the usual notes 谐音
adj. [数] [声] 和声的； [物] 谐和的；音乐般的
 - singing, symphonic
n. [物] 谐波； [声] 和声
 - symphony, fourier component

Word: humanism
Front: humanism
[ˈhju:mənɪzəm] (15197/16804 -1)
Vocabulary: humanism
(once / 2652 pages)
1n 2n
Do you think humans should use their brains and reason to be the best they can be, instead of relying on religion? Then you believe in humanism.
Humanism comes from the Latin humanitas, which means "education that befits a civilized man." This belief system or cultural movement bubbled up during the Renaissance, promoting classical Greek and Roman values like reason, justice and ethics instead of supernatural religious ideas. People who follow humanism are called humanists, and they've probably studied a lot of literature, philosophy and history.
WORD FAMILY
humanism: humanist, humanistic +/dehumanise: dehumanisation, dehumanised, dehumanising/dehumanize: dehumanization, dehumanized, dehumanizes, dehumanizing/ human: humanise, humanism, humanity, humanize, humanlike, humanly, humanness, humans, inhuman, nonhuman, subhuman, superhuman, unhuman/humanise: dehumanise, humanisation, humanised, humanises, humanising/ humanist: humanists/ humanistic: humanistically/ humanitarian: humanitarianism, humanitarians/ humanity: humanitarian, humanities / humanize: dehumanize, humanization, humanized, humanizes, humanizing/ inhuman: inhumanity, inhumanly/inhumanity: inhumanities/superhuman: superhumanly/unhuman: unhumanly
USAGE EXAMPLES
His campaign slogan was “heart and reason”, a cry for more humanism and social politics.
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
In his preface to “The Passenger,” Shostakovich called the opera a “perfect masterpiece” whose “spiritual format and humanism impress the listener without fail.”
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
In Renaissance Europe, as humanism and individualism flourished, people began to put themselves, rather than spiritual forces, at the center of their journeys on Earth.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 人道主义，人本主义，人文主义; 人文学
adj. 人文主义的，人道主义的
分布：人道主义(100%)
→human-,人的，人文的，-ism,主义。
人性(human人)[-ism名词1.表示"主义,宗教"2.表示"学术,流派"3.表示"行为,现象,状态"4.表示"疾病"5.表示"具备某种牲质"]
noun uncountable
■a belief system based on the principle that people's spiritual and emotional needs can be satisfied without following a god or religion 人本主义，人文主义

Word: hoo

Word: immaterial
Front: immaterial
[ˌɪməˈtɪəriəl] (19669/14522 -1)
Vocabulary: immaterial
(once / 2490 pages)
1adj 2adj
Things that are immaterial have no physical form (like a ghost) or are unimportant (like most ghost stories).
Something that’s material has substance, right? You can touch it or it's important. So the opposite is the word immaterial, which means something that doesn't matter, or has no physical substance, or which adds nothing to the subject at hand. This word is heard a lot in court, where "It's immaterial!" dismisses evidence or testimony as meaningless or beside the point. You could say the wind is literally immaterial, though windiness is not immaterial if you’re going kiting.
WORD FAMILY
immaterial: immaterialise, immateriality, immaterialize, immaterially+/dematerialise: dematerialised, dematerialises/dematerialize: dematerialized, dematerializes, dematerializing/immaterialise: immaterialised/immaterialize: immaterialized, immaterializes/ material: immaterial, materialise, materialism, materiality, materialize, materially, materials, nonmaterial/materialisation: materialisations/materialise: dematerialise, materialisation, materialised, materialises, materialising/ materialism: materialisms, materialist, materialistic /materialist: materialists/ materialistic: materialistically/materiality: materialities/materialization: materializations/ materialize: dematerialize, materialization, materialized, materializes, materializing
USAGE EXAMPLES
A tiny, immaterial industrial outpost marking naught but the dwindling Texas shoreline as it slopes and surrenders on its muddy fall to Mexico.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
My colleagues across the court look almost immaterial.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
With the NFL, he says, “I worry the least” and said a dip in a game’s ratings “is immaterial to us.”
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 不重要的; 非实质的; 非物质的; 无形的
分布：非物质的(39%)，无形的(34%)，不重要的(20%)，精神的(7%)
→im-,不，非，material,物质的，重要的。
【记】material（adj 物质的；肉体的；具体的；重要的；实质性的）
【反】relevant（adj 有关的；相关的）；corporeal（adj 肉体的；物质的）
US [-'tɪr.i-] adjective
■not important, or not relating to the matter you are interested in 不重要的，无关紧要的
• Whether the book is well or badly written is immaterial (to me) - it has an important message. （我觉得）这本书写得是好是坏并不重要——它给了我们一个重要的启示。
adj. 非物质的；无形的；不重要的；非实质的
 - small, invisible, intangible

Word: hydrothermal
Front: hydrothermal
[ˌhaɪdrə'θɜ:məl] (27103/45801)
Back: adj. 热水的，热液的; 水热
分布：热液的(72%)，水热作用的(28%)

Word: impala
Front: impala
[ɪmˈpɑ:lə] (25849/46391)
Back: n. 黑斑羚（产于非洲中南部）
分布：黑斑羚(100%)

Word: incarnate
Front: incarnate
[ɪnˈkɑ:nət] (宝 19696/24563)
Vocabulary: incarnate
(once / 878 pages)
adjv
Incarnate means “having a bodily form.” If you encounter someone who pulls off butterflies’ wings for fun, you might describe that person as “evil incarnate.”
The meaning of incarnate is precisely what its Latin roots suggest. The prefix in- means “in” and caro means “flesh,” so incarnate means “in the flesh.” The word can be used in positive or negative situations, but it always describes an unusual, possibly miraculous instance in which something that can’t normally be seen or touched assumes a bodily form. For example, the Christian religion was founded on the belief that Jesus was God incarnate.
WORD FAMILY
incarnate: disincarnate, incarnated, incarnates, incarnating, incarnation, reincarnate+/disincarnate: disincarnated/ incarnation: incarnations/reincarnate: reincarnated, reincarnates, reincarnating, reincarnation / reincarnation: reincarnationism, reincarnations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Memphis opened by outscoring Incarnate Word 15-3 in the first 5:14.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
A prolific and, in his time, wildly popular author of novels, biographies and political tracts, Zweig incarnated the interwar ideal of the cultivated European.
Economist(Dec 20, 2016)
Incarnate Word was up 76-68 with 2:28 left in regulation.
Washington Times(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 人体化的; 拟人化的; 肉色的，粉红色的
vt. 使成化身; 使具体化; 成为…典型
时态：incarnated, incarnating, incarnates
分布：化身的(40%)，人体化的(28%)，体现(25%)，使 ... 具体化(7%)
→in-,进入，使，-carn,肉，词源同carnal,carnage.即肉体化，引申词义具体化，拟人化。
【记】in进入，carn肉，ate－变成肉体化身
【参】carnage（n 大屠杀）；carnal（adj 肉欲的）
【反】incorporeal（adj 非物质的；无实体的）
US [-'kɑ:r-] adjective [after noun]
■in human form 化身的；人体化的
• One survivor described his torturers as devils incarnate. 一名生还者形容拷打他的那些人是魔鬼的化身。
adj. 化身的；人体化的；肉色的
 - flesh-coloured, carneous
vt. 体现；使…具体化；使实体化
 - embody, concretise

Word: trance
Front: trance
[trɑ:ns] (宝 12432/15165 -1)
Vocabulary: trance
(once / 1411 pages)
nv
If your eyes are open but you're not fully awake and in control, you may be in trance. Someone might have hypnotized you, or just a glimpse of your latest heartthrob might send you into a trance.
Trances don’t have to be magic or mysterious — when you avoid facing your problems head-on, you’re creating your own trance. President Obama once said, speaking of America's decades-long dependence on foreign oil, "We cannot keep going from shock when prices go up, to trance when they go back down." He meant that when prices rise, we all complain, but when they fall, we forget we ever had a problem and refuse to change a thing.
WORD FAMILY
trance: semitrance, tranced, trancelike, trances, trancing
USAGE EXAMPLES
A few weeks later, I drove to his new apartment in a trance of happiness.
Salon(Dec 29, 2016)
Pearl of wisdom: We spend most of our lives in a reactive trance, not really thinking about why we do what we do.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 28, 2016)
The original was already a masterpiece of art and engineering, melding a trance soundtrack with psychedelic explosions of light and color.
The New Yorker(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. 出神; 恍惚; [医]迷睡，神志昏迷; 着迷，入迷
vt. 使恍惚; 使出神; 使发呆
时态：tranced, trancing, trances
分布：恍惚(66%)，出神(24%)，发呆(10%)
→来自古法语 transe,昏迷，来自拉丁语 transire,昏迷，来自 trans-,跨越，转移，ire,走，词源同 exit,transit.拼写受后缀-ance 影响俗化。其原义为进入死亡状态，引申词义昏迷，恍惚等。
【记】源于：entrance（n 入口；v 使神智恍惚）
US [trænts] noun
MENTAL CONDITION 心理状态
countable
■a temporary mental condition in which someone is not completely conscious of and/or not in control of themselves and of what is happening to them 昏睡状态；催眠状态
• First she goes/falls into a deep trance and then the spirit voices start to speak through her. 首先，她陷入深度昏睡状态，然后神灵开始透过她说话。
• When a hypnotist puts you in(to) a trance, you no longer have conscious control of yourself. 当催眠师使你陷入催眠状态后，你就不能再清醒地控制自己了。
• He sat staring out of the window as if in a trance. 他坐在那里，两眼凝视着窗外，好像在发呆似的。
UK [trɑ:nts] US [trænts] noun
MUSIC 音乐
uncountable
■fast, electronic dance music with a regular beat, keyboards, but usually no singing 迷幻音乐，睡房音乐（一种快节奏的电子舞曲）
n. 恍惚；出神；着迷，入迷
 - possession, absentmindedness
vt. 使恍惚；使发呆
 - bemuse

Word: tubular
Front: tubular
[ˈtju:bjələ(r)] (16998/12602 -1)
Back: adj. 管系组织的; 管子形的，管状的; 管子做成的; 发吹管般声音的
分布：管状的(83%)，管子做成的(17%)
→来自 tube,管子，管道。
US ['tu:.bjə.lɚ] adjective
■made in or having the shape of a tube 管子构成的；管状的
• tubular steel 管钢
adj. 管状的
 - tubiform, fistuliform

Word: traipse
Front: traipse
[treɪps] (20684/23591)
Vocabulary: traipse
(once / 24624 pages)
v
To traipse is to walk around with a sloppy or aimless attitude. A bored high school student might traipse through a museum on a class trip, for example.
When you traipse, you trudge in an exhausted or reluctant way. Picture several kids dutifully following their dad along a hiking path or walking a mile to school, and you'll have a good idea of what traipse means. We've used the word since the 16th century, but its origin isn't certain. Some scholars think traipse comes from the French trepasser, "to pass over," while others believe it started as an example of onomatopoeia, a word that sounds like what it means.
WORD FAMILY
traipse: traipsed, traipses, traipsing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sometimes, though, it was just Bill walking alone in the woods as Hillary traipsed around the world or campaigned across the country.
Washington Post(Dec 17, 2016)
Although we spent most our waking hours outside it, the ability to traipse “home” in minutes was gold.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
Hundreds of Venetians, carrying suitcases to symbolize their steady exodus from their beloved city, walked through Venice Saturday, traipsing over the bridges that crisscross canals.
Washington Times(Nov 12, 2016)
Back: v. 漫步; 拖曳; 在…游荡; 走过
n. 闲逛，长途跋涉
时态：traipsed, traipsing, traipses
分布：闲荡(48%)，闲逛(20%)，游荡(16%)，无精打采者(16%)
→词源不详，可能来自法语方言 trepasser,侵犯，打扰，擅自闯入，词源同 trespass.或来自日耳 曼某语言，如德语 traben,流浪，词源同 trap,tramp.-s,表反复或过去分词。
[treɪps] informal
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to walk from one place to another, often feeling tired or bored （常指疲惫或无聊地）走，逛，晃荡
• I spent the day traipsing round the shops, but found nothing suitable for her. 我逛了一天商店，但是没有发现适合她的东西。
• It was awful having the builders traipsing through our home every day. 每天都有建筑工人在我们住的地方穿行，真是可怕。
vi. 疲惫地走；闲荡；拖曳
 - moon, drag
n. 闲荡；漫步；无精打采者
 - mopery, fooling around
vt. 在…游荡；走过
 - step by, walk through

Word: toiletry
Front: toiletry
['tɔɪlɪtrɪ] (21079/19363)
Back: n. 化妆品，化妆用具
分布：化妆品(60%)，化妆用具(40%)
n. 化妆品；化妆用具
 - cosmetic products, make-up

Word: authorship
Front: authorship
[ˈɔ:θəʃɪp] (16130/16329)
Vocabulary: authorship
(once / 1867 pages)
n
If you write something, you are engaged in authorship. If you want a fancy way of asking "Who wrote that letter?" — try, "Who is responsible for the authorship of that letter?" Fancy, indeed!
Authorship can refer to anything, not just the creation of written text; you can have authorship of a new idea, a new cocktail, a new fashion style — anything. And just as doctors practice medicine, or architects architecture, so writers practice authorship; in other words, authorship also means the actual act of authoring or writing.
WORD FAMILY
authorship: authorships+/ author: auctorial, authored, authorial, authoring, authorized, authors, authorship, co-author/authorial: authorially/authorized: unauthorized/co-author: co-authored
USAGE EXAMPLES
The conversation mainly focused on aesthetics and authorship.
Washington Post(Nov 21, 2016)
Another trend is that the meaning of authorship in massive science projects is getting fuzzier.
Economist(Nov 24, 2016)
Back in July, Harris sounded off on Twitter about Swift’s authorship when he called her an “amazing lyric writer.”
Time(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: n. 作者身份
分布：来源(53%)，作家职业(28%)，著述(19%)
US ['ɑ:.θɚ-] noun uncountable
■the state or fact of being the person who wrote a particular book, poem, document, etc. （书、诗、文章等作品的）作者（身分）
• The article is of unknown authorship (= It is not known who wrote it). 这篇文章的作者不详。
• She is being attacked for her authorship of the policy document. 她因起草这一政策性档而受到抨击。
n. （书等的）原创作者，来源；作者的身份；著述业
 - source, provenience

Word: appendage
Front: appendage
[əˈpendɪdʒ] (宝 15598/20262)
Vocabulary: appendage
(once / 2103 pages)
n
Use the noun appendage to describe something that’s attached to something larger. Your arm is an appendage to your body.
Appendage often describes body parts, either on humans or animals. If it’s something that sticks out — like a finger, tail, or leg — chances are it can be called an appendage. The word can also be used figuratively to refer to something that’s associated with something larger or more important, like a husband who’s a mere appendage to his famous wife. In this sense, the word takes on a negative connotation: the appendage is not important.
WORD FAMILY
appendage: appendages+/ append: appendage, appendant, appended, appending, appends
USAGE EXAMPLES
The resulting book was, in Beam’s words, “a sleek little vehicle with a Winnebago-size appendage in tow.”
Slate(Dec 20, 2016)
I think my favorite image is of a leg poking out from behind a pillar, the appendage of an unseen man.
Washington Post(Nov 28, 2016)
The first are the Afghan Taliban and its appendage the Haqqani network whose leaders remain ensconced in Peshawar and Quetta.
BBC(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: n. 附属物; 依附的人; <生>附属器官; 附属肢体（如臂、腿、尾等）
分布：附加物(66%)，附属品(23%)，附属器官(11%)
附属物(append附上+age表示名词→附上的东西)[pend,pens=hang,表示"悬挂"]
附属物(append附属)[-age名词反缀1.表示"状态,总称"2.表示"场所,物品"3.表示"费用"]
【记】app读：我怕，end结束，age时候。我怕结束的时候。看金庸小说和琼瑶电视剧的时候大家一定有这种体会，当它们快结束的时候，你不希望它们结束，你还想继续看下去，这就出现了续集，其实就是原作的一种附加物。
【参】appendix（n 附录，[解]阑尾）；pendulum（n 钟摆）
formal
noun countable
■something which exists as a smaller and less important part of something larger 附加物，附属物
• The committee is a mere appendage of the council and has no power of its own. 这个委员会只是政务会的一个附属机构，本身没有任何权力。
• The organism has small leaf-like appendages. 这种生物长有很小的叶状附属器官。
■an arm, leg or other body part 附肢；附（属）器（指臂、腿或身体其他部位）
• He had a tattoo on every visible appendage. 他四肢裸露的地方都刺有纹身。
n. 附加物；下属； [动] [解剖] 附器（如植物的枝叶和动物的腿尾）
 - affixture, annexment

Word: unbuilt

Word: unreservedly
Front: unreservedly
[ˌʌnrɪˈzɜ:vɪdli] (35516/21669)
Back: adv. 未被预定地，无保留地，完全地
分布：率直地(44%)，不客气地(42%)，无限制地(14%)
adv. 率直地；不客气地
 - ingenuously, candidly

Word: apposite
Front: apposite
[ˈæpəzɪt] (宝 34890/20118)
Vocabulary: apposite
(once / 9610 pages)
adj
Something apposite is fitting or relevant. It is apposite that radio stations play Christmas carols on Christmas Eve, and that your tax accountant takes vacation after April 15th. It all makes sense.
The adjective apposite is derived from the Latin terms appositus and apponere. Ponere means to place, and thus apponere is "well-placed or well-put." Don't confuse apposite with opposite; they have almost opposite meanings!
TASTY MORSELS
Vocabulary Shout-Out: Peter Schjeldahl for "Apposite"
In "Heaven on Earth," a review of the Frick Collection's Piero della Francesca show in last week's New Yorker, art critic Peter Schjeldahl deftly tossed out apposite.
Apposite's a word you don't hear every day. Meaning "fitting and relevant," it is derived from the Latin terms appositus and apponere. Ponere means to place, and thus apponere is "well-placed or well-put."
Schjeldahl found apposite use for apposite when describing how the 15th century artist Piero grew popular more than 500 years after his death.
The great Renaissance expert Bernard Berenson...cited Impressionism and, especially, the phlegmatic, intellectually bracing method of Cézanne as spurs to the new appreciation of Piero. That’s apposite. His style also resonates in the marmoreal figures of Picasso’s neoclassical period; and his way of seeming to capture something fundamental, once and for all, reminds me of abstract paintings by Piet Mondrian.
You'll notice that Schjeldahl uses two other great vocabulary words: phlegmatic, which means "not showing emotion" and marmoreal, which means "of or related to marble." Explore those words further, or check out "Real Life Examples Help Words Stick in Your Brain" to learn how paying attention to usage examples is one of the best ways to learn new words on (and off) Vocabulary.com.
WORD FAMILY
apposite: appositely, appositeness, inapposite+/inapposite: inappositely, inappositeness
USAGE EXAMPLES
There are various ways a corporate name can seem apposite.
The New Yorker(Nov 06, 2016)
It seemed that West had been granted a couple of minutes by the network to pontificate about whatever he felt was apposite to the moment.
The New Yorker(Aug 29, 2016)
Because the gas station once housed a car wash—Lava Jato—prosecutors had the perfectly apposite, perfectly catchy moniker for the Youssef scheme.
Slate(Aug 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 适当的，合适的，贴切的
分布：适当的(70%)，恰切的(30%)
→前缀ap-同ad-. 词根pon, 放置，-s, 过去分词格, 见position.
适当的,得体的(ap加强动作+posite→放到(合适的位置)→适当的)[pos,posit=put表示"放"]
【记】ap朝向，pos放，site地点－放在同一地点－适当的
【反】opposite（adj 相反的）；extraneous（adj 无关系的）
['æp.ə.zɪt] [-zaɪt] formal
adjective
■suitable and right for the occasion 适当的；恰当的；贴切的
• an apposite phrase/quotation/remark 恰当的说法／引语／话
• The film starts in a graveyard, an apposite image for the decaying society which is the theme of the film. 这部电影以坟地的场景开场，这个恰如其分的意象揭示了电影的主题——一个走向衰亡的社会。
adj. 适当的；贴切的
 - suitable, appropriate, proper, adequate, becoming

Word: amoral
Front: amoral
[ˌeɪˈmɒrəl] (宝 22966/33241)
Back: adj. 不属于道德范畴的; 没有道德原则的; 无道德感的; 无从区分是非的
分布：与道德无关的(64%)，无从区分是非的(36%)
→前缀a-, 没有。moral, 道德。
非道德性的(a+moral道德的;注意:immoral不道德的)[a-①加在单词或词根前面,表示"不,无,非"②加在单词前,表示"在…,...的"]
【记】a不，非，moral道德的－没有道德辨别能力－不知好歹
【区】immoral（adj 不道德的，淫荡的），该词比较常见，以前学过。amoral 比较罕见，现在才学。
US [ˌeɪ'mɔ:r-] adjective
■without moral principles 毫无道德观念的；没有道德的
• Humans, he argues, are amoral and what guides them is not any sense of morality but an instinct for survival. 他认为：人类无德，其行为不是出于道德感，而是出于生存的本能。
Compare immoral ; moral
adj. 与道德无关的；无从区分是非的；超道德的
 - nonmoral

Word: anchorman
Front: anchorman
[ˈæŋkəmæn] (20305/40851)
Vocabulary: anchorman
(once / 23085 pages)
n
An anchorman is a television news reporter. An anchorman typically reports from a news studio, reading the news from behind a desk.
You can use the words anchorman and anchorwoman to talk about studio-based TV newscasters, but it's becoming more common to use one word to refer to either a man or a woman. News anchor or just anchor are increasingly common names for an anchorman. In the early 20th century, an anchorman was "the last man on a tug-of-war team," but by 1958 the word described a news presenter on TV or radio.
WORD FAMILY
anchorman: anchormen
USAGE EXAMPLES
The anchorman to whom Mr. Carell was reporting was Mr. Stewart, who pretended to embody the voice of reason and the audience’s point of view.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
The 'Anchorman' news team watches the @Cubs win the World Series.
Time(Nov 17, 2016)
The great new institutions of the 20th century, print newspapers, the evening broadcast news, the trusted anchorman, are fading relics.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. （电视或广播电台新闻节目的）男主持人
分布：接力赛中的最后一棒(50%)，新闻节目主播(50%)
US [-kɚ-] US
noun countable
■a man who is the main news reader on a television or radio news programme （广播、电视节目的）主持人
• The late-night current affairs programme has a new anchorman. 晚间时事节目换了个新的主持人。

Word: columbine
Front: columbine
['kɒləmbaɪn] (24171/-)
Back: adj. 鸽的，鸽似的，鸽色的
n. 耧斗菜
分布：耧斗菜(100%)
→来自拉丁词columba, 鸽子，因花瓣朝下，形如5只鸽子而得名。同时为意大利传统喜剧女主角，字面义即小鸽子。词源同Columbus，哥伦布。
US ['kɑ:.ləm-] noun countable
■a plant which has brightly coloured flowers with five pointed petals that hang down 耧斗菜
n. 耧斗菜
 - aquilegia

Word: conjugal
Front: conjugal
[ˈkɒndʒəgl] (宝 21505/22615)
Vocabulary: conjugal
(once / 2999 pages)
adj
The adjective conjugal describes all husband-and-wife matters, so if someone who is married says, "Single people don't understand how I feel," you can be sure it's a conjugal situation.
The word conjugal comes from the Latin word, conjux, meaning "husband, wife." You’ve no doubt heard of the term “conjugal visits,” to describe private visits between a prisoner and a spouse. But it can describe anything that happens between married people, such as conjugal obligations, which are the things you do to keep a marriage going, or just general conjugal, or married, life.
WORD FAMILY
conjugal: conjugally
USAGE EXAMPLES
At the start Rick and Michonne woke in a sunny bed, the apparent image of conjugal bliss.
The Guardian(Nov 14, 2016)
Many of these communities sought to regulate conjugal relations.
The New Yorker(Sep 26, 2016)
Neither are allowed to have conjugal visits under California law.
Time(Sep 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 婚姻的，夫妻之间的
分布：婚姻的(58%)，夫妻间的(42%)
→con-, 强调。-jug, 连接，词源同join, jugular.
婚姻的;夫妻的(com共同+jug+al→共同在轭下→共同承担夫妻责任)[jug=yoke,表示"牛轭"]
【记】源于conjoincon共同，ju读：住，gal读：狗－共同住在一起，还养了一条狗，典型的美国小夫妻生活，也就是你们向往的“未来”。Con，ju，gal＝goal目标：目标是住在一起－结婚（不要记成同居＝cohabit）
【参】conjugate（结合，配对）；subjugate（征服，抑制）
US ['kɑ:n-] formal
adjective
■connected with marriage or the relationship between husband and wife, especially their sexual relationship 婚姻的；夫妻间的（尤指性生活）
• conjugal happiness 婚姻的美满
• Some prisoners who want to start a family are to be permitted conjugal visits. 一些想要孩子的囚犯将获准配偶探监同房许可。
adj. 婚姻的；结婚的；夫妻之间的
 - married, marital

Word: cordless
Front: cordless
[ˈkɔ:dləs] (高 15786/17375)
Vocabulary: cordless
(once / 65663 pages)
adj
A small electronic device or power tool that doesn't have a cord and a plug for an electrical outlet, but instead is powered by a battery, is cordless.
A cordless tool or device requires power to work but doesn't use wall-outlet electricity. Drills, vacuum cleaners, hair dryers, and irons can all be cordless, often by using rechargeable batteries. Since cordless appliances don't need to be attached to an outlet, they are more mobile and handy. Telephones were first available in cordless versions in the 1980's — before that, the handset was always attached to a base by a cord.
WORD FAMILY
cord: corded, cording, cordless, cords
USAGE EXAMPLES
That apparently explains deals like the one for a G.E. cordless phone battery sold by an outfit called Sale Stores and shipped by Amazon.
New York Times(Apr 13, 2016)
Dyson’s cordless vacuum cleaner is powerful and easy to use.
Seattle Times(Nov 25, 2016)
From his pocket, he produced a small black cordless phone and a scrap of paper with a number scribbled on it.
Khaled Hosseini, A Thousand Splendid Suns(2007)
Back: adj. （电话或电动工具）不用电线与电源相连的，无电线的，无塞绳式的
分布：无线的(100%)
→cord, 绳，线。-less, 无，没有。
US ['kɔ:rd-] adjective
■describes an electrical tool or piece of equipment that operates without needing to be permanently connected by a wire to an outside electrical supply 无线的，无绳的
• a cordless telephone/drill/iron 无线电话／电钻／熨斗
adj. 无线的（副词cordlessly）
 - wireless, threadless

Word: crevice
Front: crevice
[ˈkrevɪs] (托雅宝 13625/14847)
Vocabulary: crevice
(once / 1349 pages)
n
A crevice is a long, tight space often found on the face of a mountain or other geological formation. A crevice can be large or small, but because it is usually hard reach, it is a great hiding place for all things like reptiles, bugs, and lost climbers.
The word crevice often refers to a natural formation, but it can be used to describe any long, narrow space that’s hard to access. If you’ve lost something you might say, “I’m going to look in every crack and crevice,” to describe the search. Chances are you’ll find that lost item in the long narrow space — the crevice — between the cushions of your sofa, along with other things you didn't even know were missing!
WORD FAMILY
crevice: crevices
USAGE EXAMPLES
Nocturnal, solitary and sedentary, tarantulas live concealed in wooded burrows and tree crevices in tropical and subtropical climates.
Washington Times(Dec 18, 2016)
As adults, they live alone in crevices or burrows and will attack other crabs that try to enter.
Reuters(Nov 23, 2016)
A second company, Spokane, Washington-based Crevice Mining Group, is seeking permission to explore for gold near Jardine, just over Yellowstone’s northern boundary.
Washington Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. （尤指岩石的）裂缝，缺口
分布：名词(100%)
→来自词根crep, 嘎吱作响，词源同decrepit, discrepancy.词义由嘎吱作响引申为裂缝。
裂缝(crev裂开+ice;参考:crevasse裂隙)[-ice表名词"行为,状态"]
【参】crevasse（n 破口；裂缝；vt 使裂缝）
noun countable
■a small narrow crack or space, especially in the surface of rock （尤指岩石表面的）裂缝，裂隙
■a deep line in an old person's face, or a deep fold in someone's body 深的皱纹，或身体上的皱痕
• The harsh light revealed every crevice and wrinkle in his face. 他脸上每条深浅不一的皱纹在强光下都清晰可见。
• Sweat poured out of every crevice of the fat man's body. 那个胖子身上的每一条褶皱都涌出了汗水。
n. 裂缝；裂隙
 - crack, split

Word: crossbow
Front: crossbow
[ˈkrɒsbəʊ] (20969/25519)
Back: n. （昔日的）石弓，弩
分布：弩(74%)，石弓(26%)
US ['krɑ:s.boʊ] noun countable
■a weapon used, especially in the past, for shooting a short arrow with great force 十字弓，弩

Word: criminology
Front: criminology
[ˌkrɪmɪˈnɒlədʒi] (25542/13510 -1)
Back: n. 犯罪学，刑事学
分布：犯罪学(100%)
US [-'nɑ:.lə-] noun uncountable
■the scientific study of crime and criminals 犯罪学

Word: cursor
Front: cursor
[ˈkɜ:sə(r)] (20176/10955)
Back: n. 光标
分布：光标(100%)
→来自词根cur, 跑，词源同current, course.
US ['kɝ:.sɚ] noun countable
■a marker (= small sign) usually an arrow or a vertical line, on a computer screen which moves to show the point where work is being done （电脑的）游标
• You can move the cursor either by using the mouse or by using the arrow keys on the keyboard. 你可以使用滑鼠或键盘上的箭头键来移动游标。
n. [计] 光标；（计算尺的）游标，指针
 - index, finger

Word: docket
Front: docket
[ˈdɒkɪt] (18821/40632)
Vocabulary: docket
(once / 9456 pages)
nv
If someone asks you what’s on your docket for the day, she really just wants to know what you’re doing today. Likewise, if someone complains that he has a full docket, he’s saying that he is very busy.
While docket, as used above, is another word for agenda or schedule, it is most commonly used to mean the calendar for a court of law, specifically, the schedule of pending cases. In the United Kingdom, a docket is a list or label affixed to the outside of a package detailing what is inside.
WORD FAMILY
docket: docketed, docketing, dockets
USAGE EXAMPLES
Pretrial officials are supposed to report the infraction, although those records are not filed on the public docket.
Washington Post(Dec 28, 2016)
There were 58 videos still on the docket.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
The Post wrote software to extract data on every criminal case available in electronic dockets on the Superior Court’s website.
Washington Post(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. 摘要，记事表，（待判决的）诉讼事件表
vt. 在…上附加摘要
时态：docketed, docketing, dockets
分布：标签(68%)，单据(16%)，附上标签(16%)
→词源不详。可能来自词根duc, 引导，词源同duck, conduct. 用来指单据文件。
US ['dɑ:.kɪt] noun countable UK an official document describing something that is being delivered or transported and giving details of where it is coming from and where it is going to 交接记录，移交记录
US
■a list of cases to be dealt with in a law court, or an agenda in business 待审案件目录表；商业日程表；议事日程
n. 摘要；记事表；（待判决的）诉讼事件表
 - abstract, brief, summary, resume

Word: dynast
Front: dynast
['daɪnəst] (40642/-)
Back: n. 王朝的君主，统治者（尤指世袭的）
分布：王朝的君主(55%)，元首(45%)
君主(dyn+ast人→力量之人→君主)[dyn,dynam=power,表示"力量"]
n. 元首；统治者；王朝的君主
 - governor, ruler

Word: doghouse
Front: doghouse
[ˈdɒghaʊs] (22670/43211)
Back: n. 狗窝，犬舍
分布：狗舍(100%)
US ['dɑ:g-] noun countable US for kennel (= a small shelter for a dog to sleep in) 狗窝
UK ['dɒg.haʊs] US ['dɑ:g-] noun countable
in the doghouse UK and US informal
■If you are in the doghouse, someone is annoyed with you and shows their disapproval 惹祸，惹麻烦
• I'm in the doghouse - I broke Sara's favourite vase this morning. 我惹麻烦了——今天早晨我把莎拉最喜爱的花瓶给打碎了。

Word: psychopathy
Front: psychopathy
[saɪ'kɒpəθɪ] (41654/-)
Back: n. 精神变态，心理变态
分布：精神病(63%)，精神变态(37%)
n. 精神变态，精神病
 - mental illness, mental disease

Word: polyclinic
Front: polyclinic
[ˈpɒliklɪnɪk] None
Back: n. 联合诊所，综合医院
分布：综合医院(54%)，联合诊所(46%)
→poly-,多，复，聚，clinic,诊所。
n. 综合医院，联合诊所
 - general hospital

Word: propane
Front: propane
[ˈprəʊpeɪn] (14905/34512)
Vocabulary: propane
(once / 30780 pages)
n
Propane is a portable fuel you can heat your house, your barbeque, or a portable stove with. It's found in natural gas and petroleum, and it's flammable.
Propane is a gaseous hydrocarbon that is both useful and dangerous. It's useful because it’s a portable fuel that you can heat anything from a camping stove to your entire house with. But propane is dangerous because it's highly flammable. That’s why houses heated by propane have propane tanks outside. Propane must be stored and handled carefully and away from flames.
WORD FAMILY
propane
USAGE EXAMPLES
Bullock’s order lifts those restrictions for truckers hauling propane, heating oil and diesel fuel until Jan. 27.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
The bus, whose driver was operating on a suspended license, was carrying two fully charged, unsecured propane tanks.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The Thurston County Sheriff’s Office and fire investigators say a malfunctioning propane heater caused the blast and resulting fire.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 丙烷
分布：丙烷(100%)
→来自propionic acid,丙酸，-ane,化学名词后缀，烷，词源同methane.
US ['proʊ-] noun uncountable
■a colourless gas used as fuel, especially in cooking and heating 丙烷（气）
n. [有化] 丙烷
 - dimethylmethane

Word: pont

Word: rematch
Front: rematch
[ˈri:mætʃ] (19053/37425)
Back: v. （运动竞赛、桥牌等的）重赛
分布：重赛(50%)，复赛(50%)
→re-,再，重新，match,比赛。
N-COUNT
(因为平局或有争议而进行的)复赛，再赛，重赛
A rematch is a second game that is played between two people or teams, for example because their first match was a draw or because there was a dispute about some aspect of it.
例：Duff said he would be demanding a rematch.达夫说他将要求重赛。
N-COUNT
(比赛或竞赛对手之间的)复赛，二次交手
A rematch is a second game or contest between two people or teams who have already faced each other.
例：Stanford will face UCLA in a rematch...斯坦福队将与加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校队展开第二回合较量。
例：The debate this week was a rematch of last year's.这个星期的辩论还是在去年的两个对手之间进行。
n. 复赛；再匹配
 - semi-final

Word: roguish
Front: roguish
[ˈrəʊgɪʃ] (31041/33140)
Vocabulary: roguish
(once / 3530 pages)
adj
To be roguish is to be up to no good, which could mean being untrustworthy like a criminal or playful and mischievous. If someone gives you a roguish smile, he’s totally flirting with you.
You can't trust someone who acts roguish in the bad way, like the roguish crook who picks your pocket while telling you how lovely you look. On the other hand, you might like someone who acts roguish in the second sense, which means playfully mischievous. Being roguish in this way might mean playing pranks, telling racy jokes, and being a little wild. Roguish behavior like this can still be annoying, like if your roguish roommate at camp short-sheets your bed.
WORD FAMILY
roguish: roguishly, roguishness+/ rogue: roguery, rogues, roguish /roguery: rogueries
USAGE EXAMPLES
I've enjoyed the actor on other shows, where he mostly played the roguish love interest, and looked forward to his take on Negan.
New York Times(Nov 13, 2016)
From such roguish tales, Edwards derives rules for living that he calls the Ten Principles of Bill.
Washington Post(Sep 20, 2016)
“War Dogs” stresses that David and Efraim are a long way from being the charmingly roguish Robin Hoods they think they are.
Economist(Aug 25, 2016)
Back: adj. <褒>（人）调皮捣蛋的; 顽皮的; 无赖的; 不道德的
分布：无赖的(56%)，捣蛋的(44%)
→来自 rogue,无赖，恶棍，-ish,形容词后缀。现常用于褒义。
【记】来自rogue（无赖），ish
US ['roʊ-] adjective
■(of a person) looking as if they are going to laugh because of slightly bad behaviour 调皮捣蛋的；顽皮的
• His eyes were bright blue with a roguish twinkle in them. 他明亮的蓝眼睛里闪烁着调皮的光芒。
adj. 流氓的；恶作剧的，淘气的
 - scampish, blackguardly

Word: spongiform
Front: spongiform
[ˈspʌndʒɪfɔ:m] (33634/41337)
Back: adj. 海绵状（组织）的，与海绵同类的
分布：形容词(82%)，名词(18%)
→spongi-,海绵，form,形体。

Word: stalker
Front: stalker
[ˈstɔ:kə(r)] (16890/26843)
Vocabulary: stalker
(once / 16326 pages)
n
You might joke about your neighborhood stalker who always seems to know where you've been and what time you get home from work every day, but it can actually be a little creepy to know that someone's watching you.
A stalker can describe anyone who sneaks around, but it usually means a person who follows one specific individual obsessively. The word wasn't used this way until the early 1990s. Before that, it was mostly used interchangeably with "poacher" to mean "someone who pursues and steals game animals." The Old English word stelan lead to the English word steal, which is most likely the root of stalk.
WORD FAMILY
stalker: stalkers+/ stalk: stalked, stalker, stalking, stalkless, stalks/ stalking: stalkings
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Perfect Stalker Danielle Savre and Jefferson Brown star in this new thriller about a mentally unstable woman who becomes obsessed with her new neighbor.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
I considered my sixth grade English class and Poe’s light-footed night stalker.
Salon(Dec 28, 2016)
As the Stalker, as he is called, Jorge Paniagua does much the same, with a sprinkling of menace on top.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 网子的一种; 高视阔步者; 暗恋者; 暗恋别人的人
分布：跟踪者(51%)，高视阔步者(37%)，打猎者(12%)
→stalk,跟踪，盯梢，-er,人。
US ['stɑ:.kɚ] noun countable
■a person who illegally follows and watches someone, especially a woman, over a period of time 跟踪者；（尤指）跟踪骚扰女性者
• Several well-known women have been troubled by stalkers recently. 最近有几位知名的女性遭人跟踪骚扰。

Word: sunlit
Front: sunlit
[ˈsʌnlɪt] (托 16959/20191)
Back: adj. 阳光照射的; 日耀
分布：被日光照射的(100%)
adjective
■(of a room, etc.) receiving a lot of light from the sun （房间等）阳光充足的，阳光照耀的
• a sunlit room/courtyard/patio 阳光充足的房间／庭院／露台

Word: stroud

Word: stencil
Front: stencil
[ˈstensl] (宝 20471/27438 -1)
Back: n. 蜡纸; 模板; 用模板印出的文字或图案
vt. 用模板印刷; 用蜡纸印刷
时态：stencilled, stencilling, stencils
分布：蜡纸(54%)，模版(30%)，用模版印刷(8%)，型版(8%)
→来自中古英语 stencellen,装饰以明亮图案，来自中古法语 estencele,闪光片，火星，火花，来 自通俗拉丁语*stincilla,置换自 scintilla,火星，火花，词源同 scintilla,scintillate.引申诸相关词 义。
【记】源于：pencil（n 铅笔）也是用来写字的
noun countable
■a piece of card, plastic, metal, etc. into which shapes have been cut, and which is used to draw or paint patterns onto a surface （绘制或印刷图案用的）镂空范本
■a picture made by drawing or painting through the holes in such a piece of card, etc. onto a surface （用镂空范本绘制或印刷的）图案，图画
• She did a stencil of a rainbow on her daughter's bedroom wall. 她用镂空范本在女儿睡房的墙上画了一道彩虹。
['stent.səl] verb transitive (-ll- or US USUALLY -l-)
■to draw or paint something using a stencil 用镂空范本画
n. [印刷] 模版，蜡纸
 - waxed paper

Word: wicker
Front: wicker
[ˈwɪkə(r)] (11690/15264 -1)
Back: n. 柳条（编制品）; （编制筐篓的）枝条
adj. 枝条[柳条]编的; 装在柳条编织物里的
分布：柳条(87%)，枝条(8%)，柳条制品(5%)
→来自weik,弯，转，编织，词源同wicket,vicarious.用于指柳条。
US [-ɚ] adjective
■made of very thin pieces of wood twisted together 柳条编的；枝条编的
• a wicker basket/chair 柳条篮／藤椅
n. [林] 柳条；枝条；柳条制品
 - rod, vergo

Word: incommunicado
Front: incommunicado
[ˌɪnkəˌmju:nɪˈkɑ:dəʊ] (36680/43848)
Vocabulary: incommunicado
(once / 49454 pages)
adj
Someone who's incommunicado can't communicate with other people, either because they don't want to or because they're not able to. If you spend the weekend on an island with no cell service or Internet, you'll be incommunicado for a couple of days.
When someone is arrested, they're briefly incommunicado, although legally they will eventually be able to make at least one phone call. Your parents will worry about you if you're suddenly incommunicado, especially if they're used to hearing from you several times a day and reading your regular social media posts. Incommunicado was coined in the U.S., from the Spanish incomunicado, "deprived of communication."
WORD FAMILY
incommunicado
USAGE EXAMPLES
But for every such high-profile case in Gambia, countless other people remain incommunicado, often for unknown reasons.
Seattle Times(Dec 06, 2016)
“They are often held incommunicado and indefinitely, facing the risk of being subjected to torture and ill-treatment, extrajudicial killings or being disappeared.”
The Guardian(Nov 30, 2016)
“She has done nothing wrong, committed no criminal act and is now being held incommunicado in a holding cell.”
New York Times(Oct 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 无法与外界交流的，单独监禁的
分布：被单独监禁的(40%)，被单独监禁地(40%)，不能与他人接触的(20%)
→来自西班牙语，in-,不，非，-commun,交流，接触，词源同common,communicate.即不接触的，引申词义禁止接触。
US [-doʊ] formal
adjective [after verb] adverb
■not communicating with anyone else because you do not want to or are not allowed to 不愿（或不得）与他人接触的（地）
• His secretary says he will be incommunicado for the rest of the day. 他的秘书说他当天余下的时间都没空。
• He was held incommunicado for the first 48 hours after he was arrested. 他被捕后的最初48小时被禁止与外界接触。

Word: incision
Front: incision
[ɪnˈsɪʒn] (宝 12456/20991)
Vocabulary: incision
(once / 3318 pages)
n
An incision is a surgical cut. A doctor uses a scalpel to make an incision in a patient's skin.
An incision usually refers to a cut that's made during surgery, like an abdominal incision made by a surgeon during a gall bladder operation. A decorative or artistic cut can also be called an incision, such as a cut in carved wood or marble. Incision can also describe the power of sharp observation, like the incision of your friend who can always tell when you're upset, even when you try to hide it.
WORD FAMILY
incision: incisions+/ incise: incised, incising, incision, incisive, incisure/ incisive: incisively, incisiveness/incisure: incisures
USAGE EXAMPLES
Middlesbrough’s need for urgency and incision was apparent to all.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
Cellphone lights were used to illuminate the area of Coughlin’s incision and the procedure was successfully completed.
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
“Patriots outfit Gronk with protective cone collar to prevent him from licking his incision wound.”
Seattle Times(Dec 03, 2016)
Back: n. 切开，切口
分布：切口(92%)，切割(8%)
→来自incise,雕刻，切入。
【参】incise（vt 切割；雕刻）cise切；concise（adj 简明的；简练的）
【反】suture（n /v 缝合）
noun countable or uncountable
■an opening that is made in something with a sharp tool, especially in someone's body during an operation （尤指手术的）切口
• The surgeon makes a small incision into which a tube is inserted. 外科医生切开一个小口把管子插了进去。
n. 切口；雕刻，切割； [外科] 切开
 - sculpture, carving

Word: indigestible
Front: indigestible
[ˌɪndɪˈdʒestəbl] (31665/20989)
Back: adj. 难消化的，无法消化的
分布：难消化的(53%)，难理解的(47%)
→来自indigestion,消化不良。
adjective
FOOD 食物
■describes food that is difficult or impossible for the stomach to break down 难消化的；不能消化的
• a tough and indigestible piece of steak 一块咬不动、难消化的牛排
[ˌɪn.dɪ'dʒes.tɪ.bl] adjective
INFORMATION 讯息 disapproving
■describes information that is difficult or impossible to understand 难懂的；不能理解的
• The statistics are virtually indigestible presented in this form. 这个表格里的统计资料简直是叫人看不懂。
adj. 难消化的；难理解的
 - impalpable, unfathomed

Word: inexcusable
Front: inexcusable
[ˌɪnɪkˈskju:zəbl] (21493/33180)
Vocabulary: inexcusable
(once / 4362 pages)
adj
Something inexcusable doesn't have an excuse, justification, or reason. Inexcusable things are horribile and unforgivable.
Getting sick is an excuse for missing school. When an action is inexcusable, there is no excuse for it. Inexcusable actions and words don't have a justification. Also, this word is used for things that are just plain awful. Most people would say crimes like murder are inexcusable. If a good friend lied to you, you might consider that inexcusable. This is a harsh word for things that we can't forgive or condone.
WORD FAMILY
inexcusable: inexcusably+/ excusable: excusably, inexcusable / excuse: excusable, excusatory, excused, excuser, excuses, excusing/excused: unexcused/excuser: excusers
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The incident was unacceptable and inexcusable,” Krzyzewski said in a statement.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 22, 2016)
Krzyzewski called Allen’s actions “unacceptable and inexcusable” in the statement.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
His invitation to Russia to try to hack Clinton’s emails, issued last summer during the Democratic National Convention, was inexcusable, even if in jest.
Washington Post(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 不可原谅的，不可宽恕的; 百口莫辩
分布：不可原谅的(76%)，不可宽恕的(24%)
→in-,不，非，excusable,可原谅的。
【记】excuse（vt 原谅n 理由；借口）
adjective
■(of behaviour) too bad to be accepted （行为）不可原谅的，不可宽恕的
• His drunken outbursts during the mayor's speech were inexcusable. 市长讲话时他醉酒闹事是不可原谅的。
• It 's inexcusable that such young children were left in the house alone. 把这么小的孩子单独留在家里是不可原谅的。
adj. 不可原谅的；没法辩解的；不可宽恕的
 - unforgivable, unpardonable

Word: ingratitude
Front: ingratitude
[ɪnˈgrætɪtju:d] (30727/25050)
Back: n. 忘恩负义; 得鱼忘荃
分布：忘恩负义(100%)
→in-,不，非，-grat,致意，恩情，感谢，词源同congratulation,gratitude.即没有感恩之心，忘恩负义。
US [-'grætˌ.ə.tu:d] noun uncountable
■when someone is not grateful for something 忘恩负义
n. 忘恩负义
 - ungratefulness

Word: insouciant
Front: insouciant
[ɪn'su:sɪənt] (宝 33214/39590)
Vocabulary: insouciant
(once / 11963 pages)
adj
Only people with no real troubles can afford to be insouciant during times like these. Runway models are great at looking insouciant, strolling the catwalk apparently without a care in the world.
Some prefer their musical idols to be insouciant, seeming not to care what their fans think or want. Others like them more eager to please, happy to take requests and engage. The two obvious examples are Louis Armstrong and Miles Davis. Armstrong would smile and encourage the audience to participate, while Davis was the insouciant master who showed no concern for or interest in what his listeners might prefer: some people found his insouciant manner irresistible.
WORD FAMILY
insouciant: insouciance, insouciantly+/ insouciance: insouciances
USAGE EXAMPLES
In “District Merchants,” Posner latest act of insouciant reconstruction, the source of dramatic inspiration is “Shakespeare’s “The Merchant of Venice.”
Los Angeles Times(Oct 10, 2016)
It was a little shimmy of her shoulders — cheeky, insouciant — accompanied by a big, toothy grin.
New York Times(Sep 27, 2016)
With insouciant abruptness, Williams can sketch an entire scene or season of feeling.
The New Yorker(Aug 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 无忧无虑的，漠不关心的
分布：漫不经心的(63%)，漠不关心的(37%)
【记】in不，souci使烦恼，ant：不会烦恼－漫不经心的souci是日本的外来语读：寿司（一种美味食品）在in寿司souci上的蚂蚁ant－有好吃的，所以无忧无虑的
adj. 漫不经心的，漠不关心的；无忧无虑的
 - indifferent, careless

Word: internationale

Word: inviolable
Front: inviolable
[ɪnˈvaɪələbl] (宝 26584/33058)
Vocabulary: inviolable
(once / 3455 pages)
adj
Wedding vows and vault combinations that can’t be broken are considered inviolable. (Of course, divorce lawyers and bank robbers consider this a challenge.)
The word can refer to a physical structure (a fortress, for instance) or something more conceptual (human rights or morals, perhaps). Inviolable has changed little from its Latin origin of inviolabilis, which combines the prefix in- (meaning "not") with the verb violare ("to violate"). Inviolable turns up in religious settings too, usually in reference to texts or rites. In that context, it means "sacred." No surprise: the antonym of inviolable is violable ("accessible or penetrable").
WORD FAMILY
inviolable: inviolably+/ inviolate: inviolately/violable: inviolable / violate: inviolate, violable, violated, violates, violating, violation, violative, violator / violation: violations/ violator: violators
USAGE EXAMPLES
However, the country's constitution says the king is "inviolable" - or too significant to be treated with disrespect.
BBC(Jan 02, 2017)
In a speech in Berlin on December 6th she reiterated that Europe’s “four freedoms” are inseparable and inviolable.
Economist(Dec 08, 2016)
US journalists, politicians and public intellectuals are engaged in impassioned debates about the balance between inviolable liberties and social obligations, diversity claims and national unity.
The Guardian(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 不可侵犯的
分布：不可侵犯的(72%)，不可亵渎的(28%)
→in-,不，非，violable,易受侵犯的。
不侵犯的(in不+viol冒犯+able;参考:violate违反,冒犯[-able表形容词"可…的,能..."]
【记】violate（vt 违犯；亵渎；强暴）；inviolate（adj 未亵渎的）
【反】profane（adj 亵渎的）；impure（adj 不纯的）
formal
adjective
■which must not or cannot be broken, damaged or doubted 不容侵犯的；无法破坏的；不容置疑的，神圣的
• Everyone has an inviolable right to protection by a fair legal system. 人人都享有受公平法律制度保护的神圣权利。
adj. 不可侵犯的；神圣的；不可亵渎的
 - sacred, blessed

Word: kerbside
Front: kerbside
[ˈkɜ:bsaɪd] (-/35235)
Back: n. 街道边，马路边
分布：马路边(56%)，街道边(44%)
US ['kɝ:b-] UK (US curbside)
noun countable usually singular
■the area near where a road and the raised path next to it join （靠近路缘的）行人道区域，路边

Word: interwar

Word: kaohsiung
Front: kaohsiung
[ˈgaʊˈʃjʊŋ] None
Back: n. 高雄（中国台湾西部一海港）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: loach

Word: longitude
Front: longitude
[ˈlɒŋgɪtju:d] (研六托雅 16823/25761)
Vocabulary: longitude
(once / 733 pages)
n
In geography, longitude refers to the imaginary lines that bisect the globe through the North and South Poles (the ones that run vertically, as opposed to the lines of latitude that run horizontally, parallel to the equator).
If you state your exact longitude, you are describing how far east or west you are of the Prime Meridian, the imaginary line of longitude which runs through Greenwich, England. When you add your latitude, anyone with a map can pinpoint exactly where you are in the world. If you're standing at a latitude of 40°41.3'N and a longitude of 74°02.7'W, for example, you are at the Statue of Liberty.
WORD FAMILY
longitude: longitudes, longitudinal +/ longitudinal: longitudinally
USAGE EXAMPLES
“This is not really what they’re going to take away from me,” she said, pointing to the chapter about longitude and latitude.
Washington Times(Nov 20, 2016)
The “up” and “down” do not refer to north and south but to the westerly latitude/longitude coordinates.
New York Times(Nov 14, 2016)
The Longitude, with a 3,500-nautical-mile range, is due to be certified next year.
Reuters(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. 经度，经线; [天]黄经
分布：经度(100%)
→来自long,长的。即长度，用于地理经度，比较latitude.
经线(long+itude状态)[long,leng表示"长"]
精度(long长)[-itude表名词"性质,状态等"]
n.经度Prolong the sponge along the longitude and latitude at an altitude.沿着经度和纬度在一高度延长海绵.
US ['lɑ:n.dʒə.tu:d] (written abbreviation long)
noun countable or uncountable
■the distance of a place east or west of an imaginary line from the top to the bottom of the Earth, measured in degrees 经度 Compare latitude
n. [地理] 经度；经线
 - lon, shute

Word: laconic
Front: laconic
[ləˈkɒnɪk] (宝 23248/20481)
Vocabulary: laconic
(once / 2553 pages)
adj
Laconic is an adjective that describes a style of speaking or writing that uses only a few words, often to express complex thoughts and ideas. A more laconic way to write that last sentence might be this: laconic means brief.
There’s a friend of yours who doesn’t talk very much, and when he does, he says maybe three words and then becomes quiet again. You could describe that friend as laconic. The word comes from Laconia, a region in ancient Greece where the local Spartan rulers gave very short speeches. Being laconic can be bad when it sounds rude to be so brief, but it can be good if you’re in a rush to get somewhere.
WORD FAMILY
laconic: laconically, laconicism, laconism+/laconism: laconisms
USAGE EXAMPLES
In “Paterson,” Driver plays a laconic bus driver who writes plain-spoken poetry, and in “Silence,” he and Andrew Garfield portray 17th-century Jesuit priests.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
From the start, Archer’s voice exhibits the laconic factuality and low-keyed wit we associate with Hammett and Raymond Chandler:
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
"He was also a very funny guy and a very laconic guy and a very laid back guy."
BBC(Nov 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 简洁的，简明的
adv. 简短地，简洁地
分布：简洁的(80%)，言简意赅的(20%)
→来自希腊语Lakon,地名，斯巴达属地，以说话简练著称。参照电影《三百勇士》。
【记】来自古希腊王国拉哥尼亚，以说话简洁而闻名
【反】garrulous（adj 多嘴的）verbose（adj 冗长的）；loquacious（adj 多话的）；voluble（adj 爱说话的）
US [-'kɑ:.nɪk] formal
adjective
■using very few words to express what you mean （语言）简洁的，言简意赅的
• She had a laconic wit. 她说话言简意赅。
adj. 简洁的，简明的
 - brief, concise, compact, succinct

Word: libido
Front: libido
[lɪˈbi:dəʊ] (宝 17995/21817)
Vocabulary: libido
(once / 10111 pages)
n
Libido is a person's sexual desire. Once a year? Once a week? Once a day? There is no correct answer, because everyone's libido is different. However, you hope your partner's is similar to yours!
Libido has only been a word for about 100 years, though the urge to have sex has been around, well, as long as we have. It is Latin for “desire, lust.” You may have heard that the libido changes over the course of a person's life, and that you can even "lose" it if you are, for example, depressed or taking certain medications. People often think famous psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud coined the term. It isn't true, though he did popularize it in his writings on sexual urges.
WORD FAMILY
libido: libidinal, libidinous, libidos+/ libidinous: libidinously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some suffered from depression and acne; others had to contend with soaring libidos.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
Him she marries, and while he proves companionable as a husband, from the get-go she notices a certain sluggish quality to his libido.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Also: I have a heightened libido, but I don’t have a woman.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 本能冲动，性欲
分布：性欲(89%)，欲望(6%)，生命力(5%)
→来自拉丁语libido,欲望，渴望，词源同love.引申词义爱的冲动，性欲。
【记】“利比多”是弗洛伊德心理分析学中的精神动力，实际是性的本能lib＝lip，I，do：我要do你的lip－性欲
US [-doʊ] (plural libidos)
noun countable
■a person's sexual energy 性欲，性冲动
• Symptoms include weight gain, sleep disorders and loss of libido. 症状包括体重增加、睡眠失调以及性欲消失。
n. [心理] 性欲；生命力
 - vitality, sexual desire

Word: lifelike
Front: lifelike
[ˈlaɪflaɪk] (18755/22115)
Vocabulary: lifelike
(once / 7032 pages)
adj
Lifelike things look real, but they're not. A lifelike wax figure might look just like Queen Elizabeth, but it's actually a realistic statue.
An artist whose style is described as "realism" probably paints very lifelike scenes, producing paintings that look a lot like photographs. A child's doll might be disturbingly lifelike, made to look like a real live baby. As with many words, this one started life in the seventeenth century with a completely different meaning, "likely to live." The current definition came along about a hundred years later.
WORD FAMILY
lifelike: unlifelike+/ life: lifeless, lifelike, lifer, lifes, lives, pro-life/ lifeless: lifelessly, lifelessness/lifer: lifers/pro-life: pro-lifer/pro-lifer: pro-lifers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some may find her more lifelike than the UN’s latest women’s ambassador, Wonder Woman, just retired after an in-house petition and protest.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
Changing it into film introduces an element of science fiction or fantasy — the movies are too lifelike to be explained by special effects.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
The lifelike, life-size dinosaurs were designed by The Creature Technology Co., which created the enormous creatures for the “Walking with Dinosaurs” arena shows.
Seattle Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 活像真的，栩栩如生的; 逼真; 传神
分布：栩栩如生的(69%)，逼真的(31%)
adjective
■describes something that appears real or very similar to reality 逼真的，维肖维妙的
• a lifelike portrait of the queen 逼真的女王画像
• The mask was so lifelike it was quite frightening. 这个面具如此维肖维妙，还真是吓人。
adj. 栩栩如生的；逼真的
 - visual, realistic, living

Word: kidd
Front: kidd
[kɪd] (-/26865)
Back: n. （姓氏） 基德
分布：名词(100%)

Word: leu

Word: menstrual
Front: menstrual
[ˈmenstruəl] (13880/21796 -1)
Back: adj. 月经的; 每月的
分布：月经的(100%)
→来自menses,月经。
adjective slightly formal
■connected with the time when a woman menstruates 月经的
• menstrual pain 经痛
• the menstrual cycle 月经周期
⇒ See also premenstrual
adj. 月经的；每月的；一月一次的
 - monthly

Word: madly
Front: madly
[ˈmædli] (13638/16025 -1)
Vocabulary: madly
(once / 1125 pages)
1adv 2adv
To do something madly is to do it in a frenzied or crazy way. If you oversleep, you might throw your clothes on and run madly out the door to catch your bus.
If your sister has a demented, angry expression on her face, you could say that her eyes are glowing madly. If your brother is rushing around the house, trying to hastily clean it up before your parents get home, you might say that he's madly throwing things in the garbage. Madly sometimes also means "intensely" or "excessively." In Shakespeare's famous play, Romeo and Juliet love each other madly.
WORD FAMILY
mad: madded, maddest, madding, madly, madness +/ madness: madnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
It just felt so madly wonderful to be free.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
But then my friend proceeded to madly customize her bowl, like some Dr. Phokenstein.
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
But something unexpected happens: Mendel falls madly in love with Trina, further entangling this skein of classic New York neurotics.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: adv. 发疯似地; 疯狂地; 精神失常地
分布：疯狂地(59%)，非常(31%)，狂热地(10%)
adverb
QUICKLY 匆忙地
■If you do something madly, you do it very quickly because you have little time 匆忙地，赶紧地
• I was rushing around madly tidying up the flat before they arrived. 我在他们到达之前忙不迭地把公寓打扫了一番。
['mæd.li] adverb
ENTHUSIASTICALLY 热情地
■with a lot of energy and enthusiasm 猛烈地；尽情地
• We cheered madly as the team came out onto the field. 球队进场时，我们拚命欢呼。
• She's madly (= extremely) in love with David. 她和大卫正在热恋之中。
adv. 疯狂地；发狂地；精神失常地
 - wild, insanely

Word: mahogany
Front: mahogany
[məˈhɒgəni] (9785/8143 -1)
Back: n. 桃花心木，红木; 赤褐色，红褐色; 餐桌; 搀蜜的杜松子酒
分布：红木(51%)，桃花心木(41%)，赤褐色(5%)，红褐色的(3%)
→来自西班牙语mahogani,可能最终来自南美土著语。
US [-'hɑ:.gən-] noun uncountable
■a dark red-brown wood used to make furniture （造家俱用的）红木，桃花心木
• a handsome mahogany desk. 美观大方的红木书桌
n. 桃花心木， [木] 红木；红褐色
 - sipo, rosewood

Word: marauder
Front: marauder
[mə'rɔ:də(r)] (25639/26406)
Vocabulary: marauder
(once / 3066 pages)
n
A marauder is someone who roams around looking for things to steal. You might hear news reports about a marauder breaking into cars in your neighborhood.
The word marauder entered English in the 17th century, from the Middle French word maraud, meaning "rascal." Even in modern times, if you’re a marauder you’re certainly a rascal — probably even a criminal. A marauder doesn’t target a victim and plan a crime — instead a marauder is on the move looking for opportunities to rob people or steal things. Marauders often travel in groups, looting whatever they can.
WORD FAMILY
marauder: marauders+/ maraud: marauded, marauder, marauding, marauds
USAGE EXAMPLES
They would later endure the merciless pillaging and wars of Mongol marauders.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
The surrounding hills and fields aren’t the lair of marauders but a silently regulated and governed paradise.
The New Yorker(Dec 02, 2016)
He wants to master the shotgun only to pick off wild apocalyptic marauders who may someday come after his stuff.
Washington Post(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. 掠夺者
分布：掠夺者(100%)
US [-'rɑ:.dɚ] noun countable
■a person or animal that goes from one place to another looking for something to kill or steal （流动作案的）强盗，抢劫者；到处猎食的动物
n. 掠夺者；抢劫者；猛虎
 - reiver, plunderer

Word: lubber

Word: microeconomics
Front: microeconomics
[ˌmaɪkrəˌi:kə'nɒmɪks] (44631/-)
Back: n. 微观经济学
分布：微观经济学(100%)
US [-kroʊ.i:.kə'nɑ:.mɪks] noun uncountable
■the study of the economic problems of businesses and people and the way particular parts of an economy behave 微观经济学（对企业和人们的经济问题，以及经济特定方面的行为方式的研究）

Word: momentarily
Front: momentarily
[ˈməʊməntrəli] (8468/7976)
Vocabulary: momentarily
(once / 1424 pages)
adv
Use the adverb momentarily to mean "very soon." A waiter might say to a hungry customer, "Your food will be ready momentarily."
When something is just about to happen, it will happen momentarily. Just before a concert begins, an announcer will often tell the audience it's starting momentarily, and minutes before your friend arrives at your house, she might call you and say, "I'll be there momentarily." The original meaning of momentarily, from the 1650's, was "lasting for a moment." It wasn't used to mean "at any moment" until the 1920's.
WORD FAMILY
momentary: momentarily +/ moment: momentaneous, momentary, momentous, moments/ momentous: momentously, momentousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
He lost the turtle momentarily, then circled back.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
And that created what was a momentarily awkward and uncomfortable scene as Reed pushed Clark and then Clark pushed back before teammates intervened.
Seattle Times(Jan 01, 2017)
The extra second will occur as clocks strike midnight and a time of 23:59:60 will be recorded, delaying 2017 momentarily.
BBC(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: adv. 顷刻之间，<美>马上，立刻
分布：暂时地(44%)，随时地(28%)，立刻地(14%)，时时刻刻地(14%)
US [ˌmoʊ-] adverb
■for a very short time 片刻地；短暂地
• She was momentarily confused by the foreign road signs. 她一时被那些外国路标搞糊涂了。
■US
■very soon 立即，立刻
• I'll be ready to leave momentarily. 我马上就要走了。
adv. 随时地；暂时地；立刻
 - briefly, soon, immediately, now, shortly

Word: mockingly
Front: mockingly
['mɒkɪŋlɪ] (24783/23217)
Back: adv. 嘲弄地，取笑地
分布：取笑地(50%)，愚弄地(50%)
adv. 取笑地；愚弄地
 - quizzically

Word: mermaid
Front: mermaid
[ˈmɜ:meɪd] (宝 17705/19422 -1)
Vocabulary: mermaid
(once / 2236 pages)
n
If you see a beautiful woman with a fish tale instead of legs, you can call that woman a mermaid — a mythical creature that lives in the ocean. If you're looking to avoid buying shoes for your whole life, become a mermaid.
Mermaids appear in folklore from around the world, from the ancient Greek sirens who were said to lure sailors to a watery death, to the Mami Wata water spirits from African mythology. The Disney version of mermaids comes from the Hans Christian Andersen story "The Little Mermaid," about a mermaid who trades her life in the sea for love with a human. Mermaid means "maid of the sea," from mere, "sea" in Middle English.
WORD FAMILY
mermaid: mermaids
USAGE EXAMPLES
Gouthière’s mermaid, for example, does not simply adorn her porphyry ewer by passively assuming the form of a handle.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
His only hobby was watching Disney movies—“Peter Pan,” “The Little Mermaid,” and so on—on rewind.
The New Yorker(Dec 22, 2016)
He also played Gator in “Memphis,” Underling in “The Drowsy Chaperone” and Sebastian in “The Little Mermaid.”
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 美人鱼; 女子游泳健将
分布：美人鱼(100%)
→mer-,海，词源同marine,mere,maid,少女。引申词义美人鱼。
美人鱼(maid女人)[mer=lake(湖)]
【记】mer海，maid（n 女仆；少女）－美人鱼
US ['mɝ:-] noun countable
■an imaginary creature described in stories, with the upper body of a woman and the tail of a fish 美人鱼
n. 美人鱼（传说中的）；女子游泳健将
 - sea-maiden

Word: microscopy
Front: microscopy
[maɪˈkrɒskəpi] (19770/17653)
Back: n. 显微镜（使用）; 显微手术; 显微术
分布：显微镜学(70%)，用显微镜检查(30%)
US [-'krɑ:.skə-] noun uncountable specialized
■the use, design or production of microscopes 显微术，显微镜学（显微镜的使用、设计或生产）
• Microscopy is an invaluable technique for studying the structure of cells. 显微术对于研究细胞结构是一项宝贵的技术。
n. [光] [临床] 显微镜检查；显微镜使用；显微镜学
 - microscopic examination

Word: obtuse
Front: obtuse
[əbˈtju:s] (宝 23968/25360)
Vocabulary: obtuse
(once / 2876 pages)
1adj 2adj 3adj
The adjective obtuse is good for describing someone slow on the uptake: "Don't be so obtuse: get with the program!"
The adjective obtuse literally means "rounded" or "blunt," but when it's used for a person, it means "not quick or alert in perception" — in other words, not the sharpest tool in the shed. It's not just for dull people, but also dull angles: in geometry, an obtuse angle is one that is not so sharp (between 90 and 180 degrees).
WORD FAMILY
obtuse: obtusely, obtuseness, obtuser, obtusest
USAGE EXAMPLES
Anyone who finds Russia’s motivation mysterious is being intentionally obtuse.
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
Swift shared news of the single with her 82.2 million Twitter followers, with only the obtuse comment: “Z | T | 50”.
The Guardian(Dec 09, 2016)
Last year, he attacked the call by Pope Francis for action on climate change as “scientifically ill-informed, economically illiterate, intellectually incoherent and morally obtuse.”
Los Angeles Times(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 迟钝的; （疼痛）不剧烈的; （印象）不鲜明的; 钝角的
分布：钝的(56%)，钝角的(28%)，愚钝的(8%)，不尖的(8%)
→来自obtund,使迟钝，-s,过去分词后缀。引申词义迟钝的，愚蠢的。
【记】读：我被兔死，我被兔子弄死了－迟钝的
【反】insightful（adj 富有洞察力的）；obtuseness－acumen（n 敏锐）
US [ɑ:b'tu:s] adjective
ANGLE 角度 specialized (of an angle) more than 90° and less than 180° （角度）钝角的 Compare acute ; reflex
UK [əb'tju:s] US [ɑ:b'tu:s] adjective
STUPID 愚蠢的 formal
■stupid and slow to understand, or unwilling to try to understand 愚笨的；迟钝的；迟缓的
• Surely the answer's obvious - or are you being deliberately obtuse? 答案当然很明显——要不你们就是在故意装傻？
adj. [植] [数] 迟钝的；圆头的；不锋利的
 - slow, dull

Word: mythological
Front: mythological
[ˌmɪθəˈlɒdʒɪkl] (16106/20197)
Vocabulary: mythological
(once / 3452 pages)
adj
Anything mythological is related to a fable, legend, or other traditional story. As much as some of us don’t want to admit it, mythological creatures aren't real.
A mythology is a collection of traditional stories about characters such as deities, heroes, and fanciful creatures. Anything related to a mythology is mythological. Creatures such as unicorns and the Kraken are mythological, as are elves, dragons, and goblins. This word applies to beings and events that can't be verified by facts. Something mythological can also be described as mythic, mythical, or mythologic.
WORD FAMILY
mythology: mythologic, mythological, mythologies, mythologise, mythologist, mythologize +/demythologise: demythologised/demythologize: demythologization, demythologized, demythologizes, demythologizing/mythologic: mythologically/mythologisation: demythologisation/mythologise: demythologise, mythologisation, mythologising/mythologist: mythologists/ mythologize: demythologize, mythologization, mythologized, mythologizes, mythologizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
He is a genuinely mythological figure, I think, though not in a pop star way.
The Guardian(Dec 11, 2016)
“As this history recedes into the background and fewer and fewer people remember it, the more mythological it becomes,” he said.
Seattle Times(Dec 10, 2016)
Mr. Sun’s “Mythological Time” depicts his hometown, Fuxin in Liaoning, a frigid province wedged between North Korea and Inner Mongolia.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 神话的; 虚构的
分布：神话的(63%)，神话学的(37%)
US [-ə'lɑ:.dʒɪ-] adjective
■connected with myths 神话学的；神话（中）的
• a mythological hero/creature 神话中的英雄／动物
adj. 神话的；神话学的；虚构的
 - fictitious, imaginary

Word: motivational
Front: motivational
[ˌməʊtɪ'veɪʃənl] (9220/23171)
Vocabulary: motivational
(once / 24936 pages)
adj
Anything motivational makes you want to do something — or at least be willing to do it. When you're training your dog, the treats in your pocket can be used as motivational tools.
If someone gives a motivational speech, their purpose is to try to get people excited about doing or trying something. A football coach's motivational talk to his team, for example, is intended to inspire the players to win the game. In other words, what the coach says motivates the team to play well. Both motivate and motivational come from the Old French motif, "drive or motivation," from motivus, "moving" in Medieval Latin.
WORD FAMILY
motivational: motivationally+/ motivate: motivated, motivates, motivating, motivation, motivator/ motivated: unmotivated / motivation: motivational, motivations/motivator: motivators/ motive: motivate, motiveless, motively, motives, motivity/motiveless: motivelessly
USAGE EXAMPLES
So maybe About Schmidt is my favourite motivational film.
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
"He's an incredibly hard worker. He's very motivational to be around. Everything he does is team first. He's a great leader."
Reuters(Dec 30, 2016)
Still, it is both a gamble and a relatively straightforward motivational tactic – the question now is whether it will work.
The Guardian(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 动机的，动力的
分布：动机的(78%)，激发性的(22%)
US [ˌmoʊ.tˌɪ-] adjective [before noun]
■giving you motivation (= enthusiasm) 激发积极性的
• a motivational speaker 讲话鼓舞人心的演讲者

Word: neapolitan
Front: neapolitan
[niəˈpɔlitən] (26390/34519)
Back: adj. 那不勒斯的，那不勒斯人的
分布：名词(81%)，形容词(19%)

Word: overground
Front: overground
[ˈəʊvəgraʊnd] (-/41679)
Back: adj. 地上的
分布：地上的(58%)，公开的(42%)
adj. 地上的；为社会所接受的；公开的
 - open, sublunary

Word: penicillin
Front: penicillin
[ˌpenɪˈsɪlɪn] (托雅宝 17121/16486)
Vocabulary: penicillin
(once / 13032 pages)
n
If you have an ear infection, your doctor may give you penicillin. It's a common kind of antibiotic medicine.
Penicillin was discovered in 1928 by a Scottish scientist who proved it could treat and cure all kinds of troublesome bacterial infections. The idea of using various molds to combat illness had actually been around since the Middle Ages, but penicillin was the first such medicine to be made on a large scale. The Latin root, penicillus, or "paintbrush," describes the shape of the mold cells that were used to created the original penicillin.
WORD FAMILY
penicillin: penicillins
USAGE EXAMPLES
Unlike some other antibiotics such as penicillin, which prevent bacteria from dividing, aminoglycosides kill bacteria.
Washington Times(Nov 25, 2016)
“During one break, he took a cab uptown to get his doctor to shoot him full of penicillin,” Shapero said.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
He has likened the proliferation of medical pot to telling patients to chew on mold instead of taking penicillin.
Washington Post(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 青霉素，盘尼西林
分布：青霉素(100%)
→来自拉丁语penicillus,刷子，画家用小毛刷，毛笔，来自penis,尾巴，词源同penis,pencil.
[ˌpen.ə'sɪl.ɪn] specialized
noun uncountable
■a type of medicine which kills bacteria; a type of antibiotic 盘尼西林，青霉素

Word: onside
Front: onside
[ˌɒnˈsaɪd] None
Back: adj. （在某些运动比赛中）没有越位的
分布：不越位的(40%)，不越位地(40%)，正规位置的(20%)
US [ˌɑ:n-] adjective adverb
■(in football and some other sports) in a position where you are allowed to kick, throw or receive the ball or puck （足球和其他运动中）非越位（的），没有越位（的） Compare offside

Word: radiologist
Front: radiologist
[ˌreɪdiˈɒlədʒɪst] (17826/36247)
Vocabulary: radiologist
(once / 33578 pages)
n
A radiologist is a doctor who detects and treats conditions using medical imaging, like x-ray machines. If you think you've broken your arm after a fall at the roller rink, you may need to see a radiologist.
A radiologist can x-ray your arm or leg and get a picture of the bones inside. Other tools available to radiologists include CT scans, MRIs, and ultrasound. These are all imaging techniques, and the word radiologist comes from the radiation that x-rays and CT scans use to create an image (from the Latin radiationem, "a shining"). Instead of radiation, ultrasounds use sound waves and MRIs use magnetic fields and radio waves.
WORD FAMILY
radiologist: radiologists+/ radiology: radiological, radiologist
USAGE EXAMPLES
Today, there is no radiologist and no urologist.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Radiologists are extensively trained and extremely well paid, and we think of their skill as one of professional insight — the highest register of thought.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
With the assistance of a radiologist friend who was alarmed by her deterioration, the X-ray galvanized Camp to push for an answer.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: n. 放射线学者
分布：放射线学者(100%)
US [-'ɑ:.lə-] noun countable
■a person who specializes in radiology 放射学家；放射医疗研究人员

Word: pox
Front: pox
[pɒks] (18241/22442)
Back: n. 发疹的疾病; 痘; 疹; 瘟疫
分布：梅毒(61%)，痘疮(26%)，使感染梅毒(13%)
→改写自中古英语pockes,痘痕，麻子，来自pocke,痘痕，麻子，-es,表复数，词源同pock,pocket.后用于指梅毒。
N-SING
梅毒
People sometimes refer to the disease syphilis as the pox .
n. [皮肤] 痘；疹；发疹的疾病；瘟疫
 - blain, exanthema

Word: prologue
Front: prologue
[ˈprəʊlɒg] (雅宝 19104/15608 -1)
Vocabulary: prologue
(once / 2018 pages)
n
With the lines, "Two households, both alike in dignity," Shakespeare begins the prologue to Romeo and Juliet, setting up the idea of two families who hate each other before introducing the lovers in the opening scene.
Like its buddy epilogue, which tells you what happens after the end of a story, a prologue is concerned with setup of a story. "As a prologue to what happened in the gym, I'll tell you about the food fight in the cafeteria earlier that day."
WORD FAMILY
prologue: prologise, prologize, prologs, prologues, prologuize+/prologise: prologises/prologize: prologizes, prologizing/prologuize: prologuizes, prologuizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
The prologue is not just an effective way to frame the show and cushion the impact of its more offensive elements.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
A new prologue features the composer and librettist planning their next opera and admiring some Japanese objects.
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
That eventful period, an entire career for most artists, was but a prologue.
Slate(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: n. 序言，开场白
vi. 作序言，作开场白
分布：序幕(41%)，序言(35%)，开场白(24%)
→pro-,在前，-log,说话，词源同dialogue,lecture.即在前面说的话，序言，开场白。
前言,序言(pro+logue说→在前面说→前言)[pro-①表示"向前,在前"②表示"很多…"③表示"赞同,亲..."]
开场白(pro在前+logue→在前面说)[log,logu=speak,表示"说话"]
【记】pro前面，logue话－前面说的话－开场白
【反】epilogue（n 结束语；收场白）
US ['proʊ.lɑ:g] noun
countable
■a part that comes at the beginning of a play, story or long poem, often giving information about events that have happened before the time when the play, story or poem begins （戏剧的）开场白，开场诗，引子 Compare epilogue
only singular literary
■a series of events related to the main event and which happen before it （重大事件的）开端，序幕
• informal A series of internal struggles was the prologue to full-scale civil war. 一系列的内部斗争是爆发全面内战的序幕。
n. 开场白；序言
 - opening remarks, introductory remarks

Word: quechua

Word: philistine
Vocabulary: philistine
(once / 19126 pages)
nadj
A philistine is a person who doesn’t think a lot and isn't interested in learning. Your uncle Marvin, who's only interested in eating, sleeping, and watching game shows, could be considered a philistine.
In the late 17th century, during a conflict in Jena, Germany, between townspeople and students, someone referred to the townspeople as “Philistines.” Since then, philistine has described someone who stands against learning and the arts. And if you don’t start reading the great Russian authors, someone might suggest that you have a philistine attitude toward literature — the word can also be used as an adjective describing a person or thing that displays indifference to the arts and intellectual pursuits.
WORD FAMILY
philistine: philistines, philistinism+/philistinism: philistinisms
USAGE EXAMPLES
Pence, unlike his philistine boss, was at least going to see Hamilton.
The Guardian(Nov 24, 2016)
Until then, McGregor’s film must take its place alongside a long list of cherished books which have been wantonly manhandled by philistine film-makers.
The Guardian(Oct 20, 2016)
A philistine might look at this and say, who cares?
Washington Post(Oct 14, 2016)

Word: rennes

Word: razzmatazz
Front: razzmatazz
[ˌræzməˈtæz] (44328/33014)
Vocabulary: razzmatazz
(once / 110461 pages)
n
The noun razzmatazz is a colorful way to talk about activity that's meant to impress or distract people with its showiness. Your brother's magic trick might be truly remarkable, or it may be nothing but a bunch of razzmatazz.
The razzmatazz of a politician's television ads can hide the fact that she doesn't really have anything new to say about the issues, and the razzmatazz of a marching band's fancy uniforms might distract from the fact that the instruments are all out of tune. The noun razzmatazz probably came from razzle-dazzle, or "showiness," and it's probably also connected to jazz, both the word and the music itself.
WORD FAMILY
razzmatazz
USAGE EXAMPLES
In fact, it quietly launched a third — a quantum-science project — earlier this year, without the razzmatazz of the public competition that accompanied the first round.
Nature(Dec 20, 2016)
At first, he was taken aback by the razzmatazz and the vehemence, the cries of “Lock her up.”
The New Yorker(Nov 30, 2016)
With all the razzmatazz of American football, the games are finished in three hours.
Economist(Sep 08, 2016)
Back: n. <俚>活力，精力
分布：兴奋(38%)，狂欢(25%)，华丽炫耀(25%)，令人眼花缭乱的场面(12%)
['ræz.mə.tæz] (also razzamatazz)
noun uncountable
■noisy and noticeable activity, intended to attract attention 令人眼花缭乱的活动；热闹喧嚣的宣传
• The new car was launched with great razzmatazz: champagne, food, free gifts and dancers. 推出这款新轿车时活动搞得热闹非凡、五花八门——开香槟酒、提供膳食、散发礼品，还有舞蹈演员助兴。
n. 兴奋；活泼；华丽堂皇
 - animation, excitement, brightness
adj. 使人眼花缭乱的（等于razzle-dazzle）
 - foudroyant

Word: reincarnate
Front: reincarnate
[ˌri:ɪnˈkɑ:neɪt] (宝 26272/36625)
Back: vt. 赋予新形体，使转世化身
adj. 转世化身的
时态：reincarnated, reincarnating, reincarnates
分布：转生(45%)，使化身(33%)，转世的(22%)
→re-,再，重新，incarnate,化身。
化生,转生(re+in入＋carn肉＋ate→重新进入肉体→产生)[re-①表示"向后,相反,不"②表示"一再,重新"]
再具肉体,转生[carn=flesh,表示"肉,肉欲"]
【记】re重新，incarnate（v 使成化身；adj 人体化的），其中carn是“肉”的词根。参：carnival（n 狂欢节）肉体的节日
US [-'kɑ:r.neɪt] verb
transitive always passive
■If a dead person or animal is reincarnated as someone or something else, their spirit returns to life in that person or animal. 使投胎；使再生；使转世化身
transitive
■If something is reincarnated, it appears in a different form, especially after it has disappeared for a period of time 再生（如果某物再生，则它以不同的形式出现，尤指它曾消失一段时间后）
• Compared to the old model, the reincarnated Mini Cooper has a more powerful engine and looks more streamlined. 与其旧型号比较，新款 Mini Cooper 的引擎动力更强，线条也更圆润。

Word: ravine
Front: ravine
[rəˈvi:n] (托宝 11413/16488 -1)
Vocabulary: ravine
(once / 576 pages)
n
In a Western, outlaws will lie in wait at the top of a ravine, or narrow valley, until they see a traveler entering at the bottom. Then, the outlaws will come pounding down the ravine's steep sides.
Ravines can be lonely and violent places averse to settlement as nothing can be built along their steep sides. The word ravine itself derives from the archaic rapin, which is a violent seizure of property. During times of heavy rains and snow melt, a ravine may be filled with violent, rushing water.
WORD FAMILY
ravine: ravines
USAGE EXAMPLES
Imagine, if you will, in place of Seneca, a ravine.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The burning vehicle was found in a ravine in northern Franklin County.
Washington Times(Dec 01, 2016)
More than 60 years later, in 2007, an independent investigator discovered aircraft wreckage in a deep ravine in India.
Washington Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 沟壑，深谷; 〈诗〉劫掠
分布：峡谷(55%)，沟壑(33%)，溪谷(12%)
→来自古法语 ravine,急流，洪水，来自拉丁语 rapina,抢劫，掠夺，来自 rapere,抓走，夺走，词 源同 rape,rapid.比喻用法。
【记】river冲刷形成ravine
noun countable
■a deep narrow valley with steep sides 峡谷；深谷
n. [地理] 沟壑，山涧；峡谷
 - canyon, quebrada

Word: rattlesnake
Front: rattlesnake
[ˈrætlsneɪk] (托 14908/34852)
Back: n. 响尾蛇
分布：响尾蛇(100%)
→rattle,吧嗒声，snake,蛇。
US ['rætˌ-] (informal rattler)
noun countable
■a poisonous snake found in southern parts of the US which, when annoyed, produces a loud noise by shaking its tail 响尾蛇
n. [脊椎] 响尾蛇
 - Crotale, cascabel

Word: rutted
Front: rutted
[ˈrʌtɪd] (21172/25307)
Back: adj. 有车辙的
分布：有车辙的(100%)
US ['rʌtˌ-] adjective
■If a surface is rutted, it has deep narrow marks in it made by wheels 有车辙的
• a deeply/badly rutted road 一条被轧出了深深车辙／满是车辙坑洼不平的道路

Word: reunify
Front: reunify
[ˌri:ˈju:nɪfaɪ] (28619/44842)
Vocabulary: reunify
(once / 9525 pages)
v
To reunify is to bring a divided group back together in agreement or peace. Peace talks between feuding former allies are meant to reunify them.
The verb reunify is generally used in a political context, to describe what happens when two countries at war sign a truce, or when a divided territory is brought back together. Various events of the 1980s helped East and West Germany reunify, for example. The roots of this word are the "again" prefix re- and the Late Latin unificare, "make one."
WORD FAMILY
reunify: reunification, reunified, reunifies, reunifying+/ disunion: disunions/ reunion: reunify, reunions/ union: disunion, nonunion, reunion, unionise, unionism, unionize, unions/unionise: unionisation, unionised/unionised: nonunionised/unionism: unionist/unionist: unionists/unionize: unionization, unionized, unionizing/unionized: nonunionized
USAGE EXAMPLES
Negotiations to reunify ethnically divided Cyprus are back on track, according to the United Nations, after they nearly fell apart two weeks ago.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 02, 2016)
The talks are aimed at reunifying Cyprus, a Mediterranean island whose division remains one of the world’s longest-running political disputes.
The Guardian(Nov 21, 2016)
Numerous rounds of United Nations-brokered talks aimed at reunifying the island of roughly 1.1 million people as a federation have gone nowhere.
Seattle Times(Nov 05, 2016)
Back: vt. （使）重新统一
时态：reunified, reunifying, reunifies
→re-,再，重新，unify,统一，使一致。
verb transitive
■to join together into one country, parts of a country that were divided 使（分裂的国家）重新统一

Word: rollout
Front: rollout
['rəlˌaʊt] (21399/-)
Back: n. 首次展示
分布：首次展示(100%)

Word: sabine

Word: retrieval
Front: retrieval
[rɪˈtri:vl] (14002/7463)
Vocabulary: retrieval
(once / 28828 pages)
n
The act of bringing something back is called retrieval. When you throw a tennis ball to Fido and he brings it back to you, that's retrieval.
When you lose something and get it back, that's retrieval, whether it's a tote bag you accidentally left at the library or a file you can't find on your computer. In fact, the word retrieval is a common one in computer science, meaning "the act of accessing information." The word comes from the verb retrieve, which was first used in the fifteenth century to describe a hunting dog bringing a dead bird back from a field.
WORD FAMILY
retrieval: retrievals+/ irretrievable: irretrievably/retrievable: irretrievable, unretrievable/ retrieve: retrievable, retrieval, retrieved, retriever, retrieves, retrieving/retriever: retrievers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Clot retrieval can restore blood flow to the brain, preventing some lasting damage, but currently only 600 patients a year get this therapy, they estimate.
BBC(Nov 28, 2016)
It promises a national rebirth, a return to an idealised past and the retrieval of an “authentic” native identity.
Economist(Nov 17, 2016)
As someone who underwent many IVF cycles, I think these articles wildly overstate the symptoms of stimulation and egg retrieval.
New York Times(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: n. 收回，挽回; 检索
分布：恢复(55%)，挽回(25%)，取回(20%)
N-UNCOUNT
检索
The retrieval of information from a computer is the process of getting it back.
例：...electronic storage and retrieval systems.电子存储和检索系统
N-UNCOUNT
取回;找回
The retrieval of something is the process of getting it back from a particular place, especially from a place where it should not be.
例：Its real purpose is the launching and retrieval of small aeroplanes in flight.它真正的用途是发射和收回飞行中的小型飞机。
n. 检索；恢复；取回；拯救
 - recovery, restoration, renewal, salvation

Word: rubella
Front: rubella
[ru:ˈbelə] (31885/39968)
Back: n. 风疹
分布：名词(100%)
→来自拉丁语 ruber,红色的，-ella,小词后缀，词源同 red,ruby.用于指风疹。
specialized
noun uncountable
■ German measles
n. [内科] 风疹
 - German measles

Word: scrubland
Front: scrubland
[ˈskrʌblənd] (34114/35038)
Back: n. 灌木丛林地
分布：灌木丛林地(100%)

Word: silicone
Front: silicone
[ˈsɪlɪkəʊn] (12538/16439 -1)
Back: n. 硅树脂; （聚）硅酮
分布：硅酮(100%)
→silica,硅石，-one,酮。
US [-koʊn] noun uncountable
■any of a number of compounds of silicon that are used in making artificial rubber, paint, polish , varnish , etc. 硅酮；硅基树脂； 硅胶

Word: seditious
Front: seditious
[sɪ'dɪʃəs] (宝 29647/22828)
Vocabulary: seditious
(once / 3730 pages)
adj
Something seditious works against a government. When countries overthrow authoritarian dictators, often the people engage in seditious protests until the dictator has to leave.
Seditious, pronounced "si-DI-shes," comes from the Latin seditionem meaning "civil disorder, dissention." A seditious act rebels against a government or authority. In some countries just saying seditious remarks against a government can land you in jail, especially if what you say is likely to get people to rise up against the government. If you plot against the current power structure in any way, you're being seditious.
WORD FAMILY
seditious: seditiously+/ sedition: seditions, seditious
USAGE EXAMPLES
Their task was to report on “seditious and disloyal utterances,” which could make life especially difficult for anyone unlucky enough to have German ancestry.
The New Yorker(Dec 01, 2016)
His crime was “seditious conspiracy” – plotting against the US state in the furtherance of Puerto Rican independence.
The Guardian(Oct 16, 2016)
In August, authorities banned two private radio stations for broadcasting allegedly seditious material, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists.
Seattle Times(Oct 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 煽动性的; 参与煽动的
分布：煽动性的(100%)
煽动叛乱的(sed+it+ious)[it=go,表示"行走"]
adj. 煽动性的；扰乱治安的；参与煽动的
 - inflammatory, agitative

Word: sapling
Front: sapling
[ˈsæplɪŋ] (宝 15669/21214)
Vocabulary: sapling
(once / 2471 pages)
n
A young tree with a slender trunk is known as a sapling. Just as a young duck is called a "duckling," a young tree is called a sapling.
The suffix "-ling" comes from Old English and often shows up today at the end of words to mean "young" or "youngster." Brothers and sisters are called siblings. A baby goose is called a gosling. Someone who works under you is called an underling. The way to remember the meaning of sapling is that trees make "sap" — the sweet, sugary liquid that, in sugar maples, gets turned into syrup. A young tree, then, is known as a sapling. One day, it'll make sap.
WORD FAMILY
sapling: saplings
USAGE EXAMPLES
He looked at a lean sapling of a forward and asked quietly: “Elijah, you tired? No mas?”
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
A sapling, morphing into a seedling, his bark showed no memories, but pain to him was an entity.
Washington Times(Dec 17, 2016)
The saplings were grown by the Archangel Ancient Tree Archive, a Michigan nonprofit saving the genetics of ancient trees by cloning and planting.
Seattle Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 幼树，树苗
分布：树苗(57%)，小树(27%)，年轻人(16%)
→sap,汁液，-ling,小词后缀。引申词义树苗，幼树。
小树苗(sap树液)[-ling表名词"小东西或某种人"]
【记】sap（n 树液），ling小－小树苗
noun countable
■a young tree 树苗，小树，幼树
n. 树苗；年轻人
 - seedling, young adult

Word: saunter
Front: saunter
[ˈsɔ:ntə(r)] (宝 14855/16023 -1)
Vocabulary: saunter
(once / 1004 pages)
vn
To saunter is to stroll at a leisurely pace. The next time someone accuses you of dragging your feet and asks you to speed it up, calmly tell them that you’re perfecting your saunter.
A verb of unconfirmed origin, saunter means to “walk with a leisurely gait.” As a noun, saunter describes that leisurely gait. Henry David Thoreau once said “it is a great art to saunter.” So while crossing a busy street may not be the best time to test out your sauntering abilities, feel free to practice when you're not in a hurry.
WORD FAMILY
saunter: sauntered, saunterer, sauntering, saunters+/saunterer: saunterers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Zach Banner sauntered into the dining room at Lawry’s The Prime Rib on Thursday evening for a Rose Bowl tradition.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Critics deride the policy as a contrived excuse to overpay for over-the-hill stars who saunter through their final years before retirement.
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Is he still reprogrammed, and is there a walking gold mine of code sauntering around the real world?
Los Angeles Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: n. 漫步; 闲逛; 混日子; 闲荡
vi. 闲逛; 漫步
时态：sauntered, sauntering, saunters
分布：闲逛(52%)，漫步(48%)
【记】s＝see，aunt姑奶奶，er：看姑姑去－闲逛而去读：散ter－散步
US ['sɑ:n.tˌɚ] verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to walk in a slow and relaxed way, often in no particular direction 闲逛，漫步
• He sauntered by , looking very pleased with himself. 他悠闲漫步，怡然自得。
n. 漫步；闲逛
 - bummel, stroll
vi. 闲逛；漫步
 - lig, knock around

Word: sodom

Word: sonata
Front: sonata
[səˈnɑ:tə] (宝 20594/17340 -1)
Vocabulary: sonata
(once / 1982 pages)
n
A sonata is a long piece of classical music that's usually made up of several parts. A sonata can be played by an orchestra or just one instrument, like a piano.
If you're a classical music fan, you've probably heard sonatas played in concert halls or on recordings. Beethoven and Mozart famously composed sonatas for the piano, and modern composers continue to write sonatas for many different instruments. The Italian word sonata has come to mean "piece of instrumental music," although its literal translation is "sounded" or "played." This is in contrast to another Italian musical term, cantata, which means "sung," or "musical piece that is sung."
WORD FAMILY
sonata: sonatas
USAGE EXAMPLES
Festivals are still organized around his works; his solo and accompanied sonatas are continually performed landmarks of the repertoire.
Seattle Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Schumann’s beautiful and impassioned D-minor Violin Sonata was hampered by a lack of vivid contrasts, leaving the psychological complexities of the work largely unrealized.
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
There was more evidence in the Franck A Major Sonata that the two shared a common vision.
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. <音>奏鸣曲
分布：奏鸣曲(100%)
→来自意大利语 sonata,发出声音的，阴性格于*sonatus,过去分词格于 sonare,发出声音，回响， 词源同 sound.后词性由形容词作名词，引申词义奏鸣曲。
【记】son声音，ata，a结尾是意大利语，与艺术有关－奏鸣曲
US [-tˌə] noun countable
■a piece of music in three or four parts, either for a piano or for another instrument, such as a violin, sometimes also with a piano 奏鸣曲

Word: sonny
Front: sonny
[ˈsʌni] (-/17061)
Back: n. <昵><口>宝贝，小家伙
分布：小弟弟(100%)
→来自 son 的昵称。
['sʌn.i] old-fashioned
noun only singular
■a form of address used by an older person to a boy or a young man （年长者对男孩或年轻男子的称呼）孩子，小伙子
• Look here, sonny, you've got a lot to learn! 看着，小伙子，你要学的东西多着呢！
n. 小家伙；宝贝（口语昵称）
 - sweet, honey

Word: singularity
Front: singularity
[ˌsɪŋgjuˈlærəti] (宝 16837/10975)
Vocabulary: singularity
(once / 3855 pages)
n
The singularity of something is a quality that's unusual or unique. You might note the singularity of a Hollywood movie that features a female lead role and no romance, for example.
You can use the noun singularity when something is literally "one of a kind," like your grandmother's strange macrame wall art, or to mean exceptional or striking, like your nephew's bright red hair. He stands out among the other kindergartners, so his hair has a singularity, though he's not the only red-headed kid in the world. The Latin root is singularis, which means "single or solitary."
WORD FAMILY
singularity: singularities+/ singular: singularise, singularity, singularize, singularly, singulars/singularize: singularizes, singularizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The mark of the writer is . . . nothing more than the singularity of his absence,” Weinberger writes, later in the piece.
The New Yorker(Dec 14, 2016)
Already the centre has prompted exciting insights on the reality of naked singularities in space-time, the prospects for imaging black-hole silhouettes and the information paradox.
Nature(Nov 01, 2016)
All the vitality and hope that had vanished into the singularity slammed back into him so hard his whole body trembled.
Nature(Oct 04, 2016)
Back: n. <正>异常; 奇怪; 奇特; 奇点
分布：奇异(98%)，单独(2%)
→singular,奇特的，奇异的，-ity,名词后缀。
US [-'ler.ə.tˌi] formal
noun uncountable
■the quality of being strange 奇怪，古怪
• He has been behaving with great singularity. 他的举止一直都相当怪异。
n. [数] 奇异；奇点；突出；稀有
 - projection, oddity

Word: snowbird
Front: snowbird
[ˈsnəʊbɜ:d] (30406/-)
Back: n. （产于北美洲的雀科小鸟）雪鸟
分布：雪鸟(100%)

Word: ticklish
Front: ticklish
[ˈtɪklɪʃ] (宝 28399/33694)
Back: adj. （指人）怕痒的; 需要小心处理的; 难对付的; 棘手的
adv. 怕痒地
n. 怕痒，小心处理
分布：怕痒的(42%)，难对付的(33%)，易怒的(25%)
【记】源于：tickle（v 胳肢；使发痒），tick＝stick（n 小棍），le乐：用小棍使你乐－使发痒。
【参】tickler（n 记事本；使人发痒的人）
【反】imperturbable（adj 沉着冷静的）
/-lɪʃ] adjective
SKIN 皮肤
■If someone is ticklish, they quickly feel uncomfortable when someone lightly touches their skin to make them laugh. 怕痒的
['tɪk.l.ɪʃ] /-lɪʃ] adjective
DIFFICULT 困难的
■describes a situation that needs to be dealt with carefully （局面、形势）需小心处理的，棘手的
• This leaves me with the ticklish job of explaining to Debbie that she is not invited. 这样就给我出了一个难题：如何向黛比解释她没有被邀请。
adj. 不安定的，不稳定的；难对付的；易倒的；易痒的；忌讳的
 - tender, unstable

Word: troubleshooter
Front: troubleshooter
[ˈtrʌblʃu:tə(r)] (28926/37369)
Vocabulary: troubleshooter
(once / 28481 pages)
n
A troubleshooter is a person who fixes things or solves problems after zeroing in on their sources. When your car refuses to start, you may need to pay a mechanic to act as a troubleshooter.
Computer experts often act as troubleshooters for big companies, diagnosing and repairing any trouble that arises in the computer network. Editors can be troubleshooters for filmmakers, deleting extra scenes and combining others in ways that solve problems with the narrative. In either case, troubleshooters deal with problems. The original troubleshooter, from the 1890's, was a telegraph or telephone line repairman.
WORD FAMILY
troubleshooter: troubleshooters+/ troubleshoot: troubleshooter, troubleshooting, troubleshoots
USAGE EXAMPLES
McDonald said his aptitude for such activities stems from his role as a troubleshooter.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Before doing that, however, there are other things to try, including a hardware troubleshooter offered by Microsoft.
Seattle Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Consumer advocate and travel troubleshooter Christopher Elliott helps you navigate the coming weeks.
Seattle Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: n. 纷争解决者，调解纷争专家
分布：故障检修员(50%)，排解纠纷者(50%)

Word: thematic
Front: thematic
[θɪˈmætɪk] (宝 11588/10807)
Vocabulary: thematic
(once / 15865 pages)
1adj 2adj
When you visit a museum and the cat paintings are grouped together in one room, and the fruit paintings in another, you could conclude that the curator favors a thematic arrangement, meaning grouped by topic, rather than chronologically or by artist.
Thematic relationships are everywhere. You could apply a thematic arrangement to your closet, putting the 1970s disco-wear in one section and your motorcycle gear in another. When you're studying the works of Charles Dickens, finding the thematic similarities across all the novels helps you remember them more easily. That song your garage band has been working on has a thematic development, too, starting with a line of melody, changing it a little, taking it in a different direction, then returning to the theme.
WORD FAMILY
thematic: thematically, unthematic+/ theme: thematic, themed, themes, theming
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s a simple statement, but one that sums up a thematic trend in Hollywood right now.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 02, 2017)
The thematic point is still murky, but the piece sort of works as a celebration of female power and solidarity.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Sports enjoys thematic support from the government, which is big on hosting international events like the Olympics and promoting sports like soccer.
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 词干的; 题目的; 主题的; 论题的
分布：主题的(100%)
→来自 theme,主题，题目，-atic,形容词后缀。
US [θi:'mæ-] adjective
■relating to or based on subjects or a theme 主题的；议题的
• In her study, the author has adopted a thematic rather than a chronological approach to the French Revolution. 作者采用了按主题而非按时间顺序的方法研究法国大革命。

Word: telex
Front: telex
[ˈteleks] (六雅 33037/19541 -1)
Back: n. 用户直通电报; 电传; 电传收发机
vt. 用直通电报拍发
vi. 发电传
时态：telexed, telexing, telexes
分布：电传(93%)，发电传(7%)
noun countable or uncountable
■a method of sending written messages down a telephone line from one teleprinter to another, the machine which does this, or the message itself 电传；电传打字机；电传电报
• The details were sent by telex. 详细资料用电传发送过去了。

Word: unimpeachable
Front: unimpeachable
[ˌʌnɪmˈpi:tʃəbl] (宝 30271/33426)
Vocabulary: unimpeachable
(once / 6570 pages)
adj
Unimpeachable describes someone or something that is totally, completely, without any doubt, innocent and good, like an unimpeachable role model who avoids bad influences and sketchy situations.
Impeach means "to accuse, or charge with a crime." It is a verb usually reserved for when high-ranking officials like presidents do something wrong. So, when you add the prefix im- and the suffix -able, the result is an adjective that means "not able to be accused," in other words, beyond doubt or question. If you run for public office and your past is unimpeachable, your opponents will have nothing to use against you in their advertisements.
WORD FAMILY
unimpeachable: unimpeachably+/ impeach: impeachability, impeached, impeaches, impeaching, impeachment, unimpeachable / impeachment: impeachments
USAGE EXAMPLES
This engendered an outpouring of Democratic encomiums about Comey’s unimpeachable integrity and Solomonic wisdom.
Washington Post(Nov 03, 2016)
As I wrote in July, Comey’s “reputation for integrity is as unimpeachable as it gets.”
Washington Post(Oct 29, 2016)
“A Lowcountry Heart” offers unimpeachable evidence that Pat Conroy was wrong about that: He loved just about everyone he met.
Washington Post(Oct 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 无可指责的，无可怀疑的，可靠的
adv. 无可怀疑地，可靠地
分布：无懈可击的(52%)，无可指责的(31%)，可靠的(17%)
【记】un不，impeachable（adj 可控告的；受责备的）：无可置疑的
【反】open to question（易受质疑的）
formal approving
adjective
■describes a personal quality of honesty and morality that is so complete that it cannot be doubted or criticized （品格）无可怀疑的，无可指责的，无可挑剔的
• Lord Fletcher, said the Bishop, was a man of unimpeachable integrity and character. 主教说，弗莱彻勋爵是一个正直无私、品格高尚的人。
adj. 无可指责的；无可怀疑的；无懈可击的；无过失的，无罪的
 - clear, innocent

Word: undersecretary
Front: undersecretary
[ˌʌndəˈsekrətri] (18207/41512)
Back: n. 副部长; 次长; 副国务卿; 次官（政府部长的副职）
分布：副部长(60%)，次长(40%)
N-COUNT
次长；副部长
An under-secretary is a senior official with an important post in a government department.
例：...Under-Secretary of State Reginald Bartholomew.副国务卿雷金纳德·巴塞洛缪
例：...the under-secretary for Foreign Affairs.外交部副部长
n. 副部长；次长
 - Vice Minister

Word: unaltered
Front: unaltered
[ʌnˈɔ:ltəd] (25537/14952)
Vocabulary: unaltered
(once / 4220 pages)
adj
Unaltered means unchanged. If your parents’ poor opinion of your boyfriend remains unaltered no matter how polite he is or how early he brings you home, it may be because of his tattoos and motorcycle.
Unaltered is the opposite of altered, meaning to adjust or change. If you meet a friend you haven't seen in ten years, and she looks the same as you remember, you might exclaim at how unaltered she seems. If you buy a pair of pants that need to be hemmed, you won't be able to wear them in their unaltered state.
WORD FAMILY
altered: unaltered +/ alter: alterable, alteration, alterative, altered, altering, alters/ alterable: alterability, inalterable, unalterable / alteration: alterations/altering: alterings/inalterable: inalterably/ unalterable: unalterability, unalterably
USAGE EXAMPLES
We left lengthy passages essentially unaltered, but fully rewrote others.
Slate(Nov 25, 2016)
A purist, he played records from beginning to end, untouched and unaltered.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
That provision remains unaltered in the new deal.
The Guardian(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. <书>未改变的，未被改变的; （动物）未阉割的
分布：不变的(51%)，未被改变的(37%)，依然如此的(12%)
adj. 不变的；未被改变的；照旧的
 - constant, permanent, steady

Word: unfaithful
Front: unfaithful
[ʌnˈfeɪθfl] (18240/19868 -1)
Back: adj. 不忠实的; 不正直的; （翻译等）不可靠的; 不贞洁的
分布：不忠实的(43%)，不可靠的(31%)，不诚实的(26%)
adjective
■having a sexual relationship or experience with a person who is not your husband, wife or usual sexual partner 不忠的，通奸的
• If a man was unfaithful to me I'd leave him no matter what the circumstances. 如果一个男人对我不忠，无论如何我都会离开他。
adj. 不忠实的；不诚实的；不准确的
 - faithless, dishonest

Word: unwell
Front: unwell
[ʌnˈwel] (28247/13760 -1)
Back: adj. 不舒服的; 有病的; 〈婉辞〉月经期的; 不适
分布：不舒服的(72%)，身体不好的(14%)，不爽快的(14%)
adjective [after verb]
■not well; ill 染病的；不健康的；不适的
• I hear you've been unwell recently. 我听说你最近身体不舒服。
adj. 不舒服的；生病的
 - ill, uncomfortable, uneasy

Word: urinal
Front: urinal
[jʊəˈraɪnl] (19360/25886)
Back: n. 尿壶; 小便处，小便池
分布：尿壶(62%)，小便处(38%)
→词源同urine, 尿。
尿壶;小便池[wrin,ur=urine,表示"尿"]
US ['jʊr.ən.əl] noun countable
■a device, usually fitted to a wall, into which men or boys can urinate, or a building which contains one or more of these devices （男用）小便池；男厕所
n. 尿壶； [建] 小便处
 - jordan

Word: untamed
Front: untamed
[ˌʌnˈteɪmd] (托 21786/22966)
Back: adj. 未驯服的，不能抑制的，难控驭的; 野性
分布：不能抑制的(60%)，难控驭的(40%)
adj. 不能抑制的；难控驭的；未驯服的
 - undomesticated, tameless

Word: upriver
Front: upriver
[ˌʌpˈrɪvə(r)] (17971/27518)
Back: adj. 上游的，向水源的
adv. 在上游，向上游，从上游
分布：上游的(47%)，向水源的(40%)，向上游地(13%)
US [-ɚ] adverb adjective [before noun]
■towards the place where a river starts 向上游（的）
• We paddled upriver for a couple of hours. 我们朝上游划了几个小时。
adv. 在上游；从上游；向上游
 - upwards, upstream

Word: viceroy
Front: viceroy
[ˈvaɪsrɔɪ] (23723/24152)
Vocabulary: viceroy
(once / 917 pages)
1n 2n
A viceroy is appointed by a king to be in charge of a country or province.
When a country is ruled by a monarch — a king or queen — and controls colonies or provinces, the monarch can’t govern all those remote areas personally. That's where a viceroy comes in. The king or queen appoints a representative to rule over the colony or province. This viceroy is the most powerful person in this region, kind of like a king or president. The difference is that the viceroy has to answer to the monarch, his boss back in the mother country.
WORD FAMILY
viceroy: viceregal, viceroys, viceroyship+/viceroyship: viceroyships
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was listed on the menu in Mandarin as Zuo Zongtang’s farmyard chicken, and in English as chicken à la viceroy.
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
In the process, he became known as the American “viceroy.”
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
The restaurant at the Viceroy L’Ermitage Beverly Hills will serve dinner between 4 and 10 p.m.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. （代表国王管辖行省或殖民地等的）总督
分布：总督(91%)，副王峡蝶(9%)
→vice,代理，roy-,皇室，国王，词源同royal,即代理国王管理海外殖民地的官员，总督。
noun countable
■a representative of a king or queen who rules for them in another country （代表君主在外国行使权力的）总督
• the viceroy of India 印度总督
n. 总督；（北美）一种黑色蝴蝶
 - dey, doge

Word: warder
Front: warder
[ˈwɔ:də(r)] (28651/20879)
Back: n. 监狱看守; 法警; 狱吏; 杖
分布：看守(40%)，狱吏(29%)，守卫(17%)，看门人(14%)
→来自ward,看管，看护，用于指看守，狱吏。
US ['wɔ:r.dɚ] (female old-fashioned also wardress) male
noun countable UK
■a person who is in charge of people in prison 监狱看守，狱吏
n. 看守；守卫；典狱官
 - guard, gaolor

Word: viola
Front: viola
[viˈəʊlə] (18470/13441 -1)
Back: n. 中提琴; 中提琴演奏者; <植>堇菜属植物; [女名]维奥拉
分布：中提琴(100%)
→来自拉丁语vitula,弦乐器，可能来自Vitula,罗马欢乐女神。
【记】源于：violin（n 小提琴）
US [vi'oʊ.lə] noun countable
■a wooden musical instrument with four strings, which is held against the neck and played by moving a bow across the strings. It is slightly larger than the violin. 中提琴

Word: veracity
Front: veracity
[vəˈræsəti] (托宝 17927/20894)
Vocabulary: veracity
(once / 1890 pages)
n
Veracity sounds like some kind of disease you don't want to catch, but in fact, it means truthfulness. If you question the veracity of a statement or story, you wonder whether it is truthful or accurate.
Veracity is linked to the adjective veracious or "truthful." But don't confuse veracious with voracious. A voracious person eats very large amounts of food. If you were veracious, or "truthful," you'd tell them they look fat.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
veracious / voracious
Voracious describes someone super hungry, like a zombie or a wolf. A voracious appetite makes you want to eat a whole cake. Veracious (with an "e") means truthful, as in a veracious first president who cannot tell a lie.
Voracious is spelled with an "o" for an open mouth or the hole in your stomach you're trying to fill if you have a voracious appetite. It's used to describe appetites, but not always for food — a voracious reader devours books by reading one after the other. Here are some unrelenting examples:
The fish are such voracious eaters that they have crowded out other species and disrupted ecosystems. — Wall Street Journal
A voracious reader, he became a self-educated art historian and a well-informed generalist whose knowledge awed his friends, including well-known artists. — New York Times
The more formal word veracious comes from the Latin root verus for "truth." You might recognize that root in words like verify "to show something's true," or verisimilitude for "seeming true to life." Veracious means truthful, so a veracious author, for example, is one who tells the truth. Here are more examples:
This interesting, although not very veracious author, gives the following account of the process. — J.G. Millingen
I ought to have bought up all sorts of memories, and written the most veracious novel the world has seen. — Israel Zangwill
If you had to hang out with either a voracious person or a veracious one, choose the veracious, or truthful, one. The voracious one would definitely eat all of your French fries, and your brains if you hang out with zombies.
WORD FAMILY
veracity: veracious, veracities+/ veracious: veraciously
USAGE EXAMPLES
House Speaker Paul Ryan pointedly declined to say anything about the veracity of Trump’s allegation, saying “I’m not really focused on these things.”
Salon(Dec 19, 2016)
The process involved in establishing the veracity of stories is also complicated.
The Guardian(Dec 16, 2016)
If people still want to share it, they will see a pop-up that reminds them that the veracity of the information is in question.
New York Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 诚实，真实
分布：真实性(57%)，诚实(43%)
→来自拉丁语verus,真实的，词源同verify,very.
真实;可靠(ver+acity)[uer=true,表示"真实"]
真实(ver真)[-acity表名词"有…倾向"]
【记】ver真实，acity性质：真实性
【反】prevarication（n 支吾其词）
US [vɚ'æs.ə.tˌi] formal
noun uncountable
■the quality of being true, honest or accurate 真实；诚实；实事求是
• Doubts were cast on the veracity of her alibi after three people claimed to have seen her at the scene of the robbery. 当有三人宣称曾在抢劫现场看见她时，她的不在场证据的真实性开始受到怀疑。
n. 诚实；精确性；老实；说真实话
 - honesty, truth, integrity, good faith

Word: viaduct
Front: viaduct
[ˈvaɪədʌkt] (宝 28602/15777)
Vocabulary: viaduct
(once / 9825 pages)
n
A viaduct is a bridge made of connected sections. Most viaducts are a series of arches that span a road.
Some viaducts stretch across train tracks, while other carry traffic across valleys, gorges, or bodies of water. What's distinctive about older viaducts is that they're usually made of equal-sized arches all linked into one long bridge. Newer viaducts can look simply like an elevated road or highway. The word viaduct combines the Latin via, or "road," with ducere, "to lead something."
WORD FAMILY
viaduct: viaducts
USAGE EXAMPLES
Attorneys for a Seattle bike commuter argued the main cause of the accident was blocked views where city bridge columns support the Spokane Street Viaduct.
Seattle Times(Dec 19, 2016)
After the four-lane, tolled tunnel opens, the viaduct would be demolished, over nine months.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
City crews quickly and efficiently dismantled the homeless tent city under the Main Street viaduct in South Bend last week.
Washington Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. 高架桥（通常有多孔）
分布：高架桥(100%)
→via,路，duct,管道。引申词义高架桥。
高架桥(via路+duct_引导路的路→高架桥)[duc,duct=lead,bring,表示"引导,带来"]
高架桥(via+duct引导→引导路的桥)[vi,via,voy=way,表示"道路"]
noun countable
■a long high bridge, usually held up by many arches , which carries a railway or a road over a valley 高架桥
• a railway viaduct 高架铁路桥
n. [交] 高架桥；高架铁路
 - high level bridge, elevated railroad

Word: wellspring
Front: wellspring
[ˈwelsprɪŋ] (22113/-)
Back: n. 水源，泉源
分布：泉源(58%)，水源(42%)
→well,泉，spring,喷涌，引申义源泉。
literary
noun only singular
■the place something comes from or starts at, or the cause of something; the source 源头；泉源
• the wellspring of the creative spirit 创新精神的泉源
n. 泉源；水源
 - source, fountainhead

Word: whiting
Front: whiting
[ˈwaɪtɪŋ] (25155/23559)
Back: n. 牙鳕; 石首鱼; （用于粉刷等的）白垩粉; 白粉
分布：牙鳕(55%)，白垩粉(36%)，动词white的现在分词形式.(9%)
US [-tˌɪŋ] (plural whiting or whitings)
noun countable or uncountable
■a small black and silver sea fish, eaten as food 牙鳕（一种海鱼，可食用）
n. 白粉； [鱼] 牙鳕
 - white powder
v. 涂白；粉刷（white的ing形式）
 - stuccoing

Word: accompaniment
Front: accompaniment
[əˈkʌmpənimənt] (托 11320/8637 -1)
Vocabulary: accompaniment
(once / 928 pages)
n
If your menu tonight consists of grilled pork and savory apples, then the pork is the main item and the apples are the accompaniment, meaning they complement the main dish.
The noun accompaniment entered English in the eighteenth century and originally was used in a musical sense to describe a part in a song that supports or acts as background for another more prominent part. Its meaning later expanded to include not only musical assistance but other things that completes or make better the main thing. You’ll often hear it used to describe a food that supports the main item on a plate.
WORD FAMILY
accompaniment: accompaniments+/accompanied: unaccompanied /accompanist: accompanists/ accompany: accompanied, accompanies, accompaniment, accompanist, accompanying, accompanyist
USAGE EXAMPLES
A different kind of ambiguity arises in the solo arias, where tensions between voice and accompaniment often conjure the desperation of the beleaguered soul.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
Familiar carols will be led by the Youth Choir with organ accompaniment and a Christmas story will be read by the rector.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
Now they seemed independent of any music, now they seemed connected to their accompaniment.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 伴奏; 伴随物
分布：伴随物(74%)，伴随情况(13%)，补充物(13%)
noun
MUSIC 音乐
countable or uncountable
■music that is played with someone who is singing or playing the main tune 伴奏音乐
• a song with piano accompaniment 由钢琴伴奏的歌曲
• humorous We worked to the accompaniment of (= while hearing the sound of) Mr French's drill. 我们工作时，弗伦奇先生打电钻的声音一直不绝于耳。
[ə'kʌm.pən.ɪ.mənt] noun
FOOD AND DRINK 食物和饮料
countable
■something that you eat or drink with something else 佐餐食品或饮料；配料
• A dry champagne makes the ideal accompaniment for/to this dish. 吃这道菜时，一杯干香槟是理想的佐餐酒。
n. 伴奏；伴随物
 - obbligato

Word: abstemious
Front: abstemious
[əbˈsti:miəs] (宝 41055/37943)
Vocabulary: abstemious
(once / 7558 pages)
adj
Reserve abstemious for someone who exercises restraint, especially with regard to alcohol. A rock musician may sing about enjoying wine and women, but in his private life he may be abstemious.
You might get the idea that abstemious is a relative of abstain with a change of consonant, but in fact the two words only share the abs- prefix, meaning "away." The -temious bit in this adjective is from Latin temetum, "intoxicating drink," so it came to refer to someone who keeps alcohol (or other temptations) at arm's length. This word has the vowels a, e, i, o and u in alphabetical order; the adverb abstemiously adds the y!
WORD FAMILY
abstemious: abstemiously, abstemiousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
For people with children, the idea of an abstemious festive season might prove difficult.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
Today’s teenagers might be our most abstemious yet.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
But the mini-scandal seemed to be fueled by a wish for Hannity to comport himself according to the abstemious norms of Serious Journalism.
Slate(Aug 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 适中的; （生活等）以节制为特点的; （饮食等）简单而有节制的; 节俭的
adv. 适中地，有节制地
n. 适中，有节制
分布：有节制的(73%)，节省的(27%)
→前缀abs-为ab-变体，离开。词根tem,喝，酒。罕见词根。
【记】ab离开，tem（拉丁文temetum＝mead蜜酒）－不喝酒－节制的ab离开，stem（植物的茎），ious多：离开植物很多的－不吃饭了－饮食适度的。
【反】indulgent（adj 纵容的）
[æb'sti:.mi.əs] formal
adjective
■not doing things which give you pleasure, especially not eating good food or drinking alcohol （尤指对饮食或饮酒）戒绝的，有节制的
adj. 节约的，节省的；有节制的
 - economical, managing, saving, moderate

Word: whiz
Front: whiz
[wɪz] (16509/43111)
Back: n. 飕飕声; 能手; 专家; 有吸引力的东西
vi. 发出飕飕声; <口>高速移动
时态：whizzed, whizzing, whizzes
分布：奇才(41%)，能手(26%)，飕飕声(17%)，=whizz(8%)，飕飕掠过(8%)
n. 飕飕声；奇才
 - wiz, hot stuff

Word: accretion
Front: accretion
[əˈkri:ʃn] (宝 17492/22082)
Vocabulary: accretion
(once / 11140 pages)
n
The process of increasing can be called accretion. Although you may say that stalactites "grow" from the ceilings of caves, they actually form from an accretion of limestone and other minerals.
So what's the difference between an addition and an accretion? Addition implies adding to something that already exists, such as an addition to the cast (when a new actor joins an existing show). The noun accretion, on the other hand, implies an accumulation that causes increase, such as "an accretion of frost on the windows" or "an accretion of plaque on your teeth." The latter, of course, is why the dentist always begs you to floss and brush.
WORD FAMILY
accretion: accretionary, accretions+/accrete: accreted, accretes, accreting, accretion, accretive
USAGE EXAMPLES
The accretion of detail is a windup for a piercing moral observation.
The New Yorker(Dec 14, 2016)
Bogs are generally more open, characterized by an abundance of sphagnum, a superabsorbent moss, and the accretion of peat.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Many Americans now view “power, talent and wealth” as accretions of systems that confer status in unfair ways.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: n. 堆积; <植>连生; 添加生长; <天>吸积
分布：增加(43%)，生长(24%)，连生(17%)，添加物(10%)，积累而成的东西(6%)
→前缀ac-同ad-. 词根cre, 生长，见create,生长，创造。指长到一起，堆积。
【反】reduction in substance caused by erosion（由侵蚀引起的物质减少）
[ə'kri:.ʃən] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■gradual increase or growth by the addition of new layers or parts 堆积，积聚；逐渐的增加，增大
• The fund was increased by the accretion of new shareholders. 由于新股东的逐渐加入，资金增加了。
• The room hadn't been cleaned for years and showed several accretions of dirt and dust. 房间多年没有打扫，积了厚厚的灰尘。
n. 添加；增加物；连生；冲积层
 - addition, adjunction

Word: airily
Front: airily
[ˈeərəli] (31724/23401)
Vocabulary: airily
(once / 4696 pages)
adv
When you do something airily, you do it in a casual, offhanded way. You might hide your excitement at meeting a movie star by airily saying, "Oh, hi."
If you speak or behave airily, you give the impression that you don't really care. If a local politician responds airily to a citizen's legitimate concerns about crime, she's likely to suffer some criticism for not taking her constituents seriously enough. Airily comes from airy, originally defined as "with ostentatious air."
WORD FAMILY
airy: airier, airiest, airily, airiness+/ air: aired, airing, airless, airlike, airs, airy, midair/aired: unaired/airing: airings/airless: airlessly/ airs: airss/midair: midairs
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I don’t care if you get hurt,” she responded airily.
New York Times(Oct 19, 2016)
“Tell them the truth if you like,” responded Kit airily, knowing quite well that Judith, for all her disapproval, would never give her away.
Elizabeth George Speare, The Witch of Blackbird Pond(1958)
"People were literally breaking their necks with the selfie sticks over there, so I came off really quite normal doing this," she says airily.
BBC(Jul 12, 2016)
Back: adv. 活泼地; 快活地; 轻率地
分布：轻率地(45%)，快活地(33%)，轻描淡写地(22%)
adv. 轻盈地，快活地
 - blithely, sunnily

Word: albino
Front: albino
[ælˈbi:nəʊ] (宝 25420/36907)
Vocabulary: albino
(once / 9610 pages)
n
An albino is someone who is born with an absence of skin and hair pigmentation. This usually results in an albino having pale hair, eyes, and skin.
Some people who are considered to be albinos find the term offensive, although there are many different opinions about this in the community. For most people with albinism — or lack of pigmentation — if the word albino is used respectfully, it's perfectly acceptable. The disorder is genetic, and it can affect just the eyes, or the eyes and the skin. The word albino has a Latin root, albus, or "white."
WORD FAMILY
albino: albinic, albinos+/albinic: albinism/albinism: albinistic, albinotic
USAGE EXAMPLES
Grandfather was very fight-skinned, almost albino, and it was said to be one of the reasons the missionaries had liked him.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
A riveting account of two albino African-American brothers who were exhibited in a circus.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Police are investigating a snake theft, after an albino python was taken from a Sydney pet shop on Sunday.
BBC(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. 白化病者，白化变种
分布：白化变种(42%)，白化病者(35%)，白化的(23%)
→来自词根alb, 白色。
白化病(alh+ino表示某种病)[alb=white,表示"白色"]
【记】al读：I will，bino读：病哦＝I will 病哦，我得了白化病了。
US [-'baɪ.noʊ] (plural albinos)
noun countable
■a person or animal with white skin and hair and pink eyes 患白化病的人（或动物）

Word: acton
Front: acton
['æktən] (-/15853)
Back: n. 铠衣(13及14世纪时穿在铠甲里的短袄)，皮铠衣
分布：名词(100%)
n. 铠衣（13及14世纪时穿在铠甲里的短袄）；锁子甲
 - hauberk

Word: anemone
Front: anemone
[əˈneməni] (21547/16775)
Vocabulary: anemone
(once / 4691 pages)
1n 2n
An anemone is a brightly colored flower. Another name for an anemone is a "windflower."
You might decide to plant anemones in your garden if you want a colorful, summer-blooming plant. Another kind of anemone is a "sea anemone," which is not a plant at all, but a flower-like sea creature that attaches itself to a surface and feeds on fish and crustaceans. Anemone is a Greek word that means "windflower," or literally, "daughter of the wind," from anemos, "wind," and the feminine suffix -one.
WORD FAMILY
anemone: anemones
USAGE EXAMPLES
Restoring the beds gives other species, from blue crabs to shrimp and anemones, a chance to come back too.
The Guardian(Nov 17, 2016)
The seven-legged aliens, called heptapods, have no front, no back, no faces; they move like elephant trunks, insects, anemones, angry brooms.
The New Yorker(Nov 16, 2016)
I think I saw a sea anemone tear up.
New York Times(Aug 21, 2016)
Back: n. 银莲花; 海葵
分布：海葵(95%)，银莲花属植物(5%)
→词根anem, 呼吸，空气。古人认为该花风吹而开，因而得名。
noun countable
■any of several types of small plant, wild or grown in gardens, with red, blue or white flowers 银莲花
n. 银莲花；银莲花属
 - windflower

Word: arabica
Front: arabica
[əˈræbɪkə] (41365/-)
Back: n. 阿拉伯咖啡
分布：阿拉伯咖啡(100%)

Word: amputee
Front: amputee
[ˌæmpjuˈti:] (16868/40774)
Vocabulary: amputee
(once / 32382 pages)
n
A person who's had an arm or a leg surgically removed is an amputee. Some amputees get artificial limbs that allow them to be nearly as mobile as before the loss of a limb.
Some amputees lose a limb in an accident, while others have surgery to stop a disease, like gangrene, from spreading from an arm or leg to the rest of the body. The surgery to remove a limb is called an amputation, and it's also the word amputee comes from. An amputation was originally "a cutting off of tree branches," from the Latin amputare, "cut off, cut around, or prune."
WORD FAMILY
amputee: amputees
USAGE EXAMPLES
After lunch, the golf pros hit the Highland Oaks practice facility to get tips on how to work with amputees.
Washington Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Their studies ranged from infectious disease to amputee care to rehab issues, Gilman said in an interview.
Washington Post(Dec 09, 2016)
When Michalski finally woke from the coma, he was greeted with a new reality: life as an amputee.
Washington Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 被截肢者
分布：被截肢者(100%)
noun countable
■a person who has had an arm or leg cut off 被截肢者

Word: agave
Front: agave
[əˈgeɪvi] (25256/-)
Back: n. 龙舌兰属植物
分布：龙舌兰属植物(100%)
→来自古希腊神话中的女神名，字面意思是高贵的，植物学家以此命名该植物。
n. 龙舌兰，龙舌兰属植物
 - century plant, maguey

Word: arse
Front: arse
[ɑ:s] (27264/8291)
Back: n. 〈俗〉屁股; 笨蛋，饭桶
时态：arsed, arsing, arses
分布：笨蛋(84%)，举动愚蠢(16%)
→同词根oura, 尾巴，指屁股，同cynosure, 狗尾巴，指北极星。
US [ɑ:rs] noun countable UK (US ass) offensive
■the part of your body that you sit on 屁股
• She's got a huge arse. 她的屁股好大。
UK [ɑ:s] US [ɑ:rs] noun countable UK (US ass)
get off your arse (also get your arse in gear) offensive
■to force yourself to start doing something or to make yourself hurry （用于强迫自己开始做事情）做起来，快行动
• Tell him to get off his arse and do some work for once. 告诉他别再只坐在那里不动了，他总要有那么一次工作吧。
• If she doesn't get her arse in gear she's going to be late. 如果她再继续磨蹭，她就要迟到了。
UK [ɑ:s] US [ɑ:rs] noun countable UK (US ass)
go arse over tit/ tip UK (US go ass over (tea)kettle) offensive
■to lose your balance suddenly and fall over 摔个正着
• I fell off my bike and went arse over tit. 我从脚踏车上掉了下来，摔个正着。
UK [ɑ:s] US [ɑ:rs] noun countable UK (US ass)
Move/shift your arse! offensive
■used to rudely tell someone to hurry up or to get out of your way （用于不礼貌地催促某人）赶快！；（用于粗鲁地叫人让路）滚开！
UK [ɑ:s] US [ɑ:rs] noun countable UK (US ass)
My arse! offensive
■said when you do not believe what someone has just said （表示不相信）放屁！胡说！
• "She says she's got food poisoning." "Food poisoning, my arse! She just drank too much last night." “她说她食物中毒了。”“食物中毒？胡说！她昨晚只是喝多了。”
UK [ɑ:s] US [ɑ:rs] noun countable UK (US ass)
not know your arse from your elbow offensive
■to be stupid and unable to understand very simple things 狗屁不懂，愚蠢
UK [ɑ:s] US [ɑ:rs] verb
  Phrasal Verbs  arse about/around UK offensive
■to act in a silly way or waste time 鬼混；游荡
• I wish he'd stop arsing around and actually do some work. 我真希望他别再鬼混了，正正经经做点事情。
n. 屁股；笨蛋；饭桶
 - behind, simple, turkey, put, rear
vi. 闲混
 - lounge away, drone away

Word: argon
Front: argon
[ˈɑ:gɒn] (25600/39270)
Back: n. 氩
分布：氩(100%)
→前缀a-, 没有。词根erg, 驱动，同urge, work. 指一种惰性元素。
US ['ɑ:r.gɑ:n] noun uncountable
■a gas which is found in the air and is sometimes used to make electric lights 氩
n. [化学] 氩（18号元素）
 - ary

Word: bloat
Front: bloat
[bləʊt] (23882/45709)
Vocabulary: bloat
(once / 2576 pages)
nv
Both as a noun and a verb, bloat refers to being swollen, puffed up, or overfilled. You can bloat something by filling it up to the point where it swells.
You use bloat to make the point that something is more than just fat or large — it's too puffed up or swollen and seems like it might burst. Most often you'll see bloat used to describe things that are filled up with liquid or gas — as in that feeling you get after eating too much. But you might also see the meaning extended to include things like budgets, egos, and expensive shoe collections. Anytime someone has way too much of something, you might see bloat used to describe the situation.
WORD FAMILY
bloat: bloated, bloater, bloating, bloats+/bloater: bloaters
USAGE EXAMPLES
Bloated, profligate and corrupt, for many healthcare was indicative of all that was wrong with the country and, as such, badly in need of reform.
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
He concluded: “The defence of the UK is far too important to tinker with just to satisfy Alex Salmond’s bloated ego.”
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
They created a bloated bowl system to increase television content, ticket sales and, ultimately, revenue.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: vt. 使膨胀; 使肿起; 使自大; 腌熏（鱼）
vi. 膨胀，肿起
n. 膨胀的东西，肿胀的人; 自满的人
时态：bloated, bloating, bloats
分布：膨胀(88%)，自傲(4%)，肿胀的(4%)，使肿胀(4%)
→词源同ball, 球，鼓起来的。
US [bloʊt] verb intransitive or transitive
■to swell up, or to make someone or something swollen （使）膨胀；（使）臃肿
• If I eat it, my stomach bloats up. 我要是吃了它就会胀肚。
vt. 使膨胀；（使）肿胀；腌制
 - expand, plim
vi. 膨胀；肿起；得意
 - fill, swell with

Word: biff
Front: biff
[bɪf] (38803/31652)
Back: n. 猛击
vt. 打
时态：biffed, biffing, biffs
分布：棍刺(58%)，击打(42%)
→拟声词。
[bɪf] informal
verb transitive
■to hit someone, especially with the fist (= closed hand) 拳打，拳击
• I biffed him on the jaw. 我用拳头打了他的下巴。
[bɪf] informal
noun countable
■a hit or punch 打，击
• a biff on the nose 鼻子上挨的一拳
vt. 强打
 - tonk
n. 强打
 - thwack

Word: baritone
Front: baritone
[ˈbærɪtəʊn] (14164/21529 -1)
Vocabulary: baritone
(once / 3704 pages)
nadj
A baritone is a singer with a deep, rich voice. The male star of an opera is usually a baritone.
You can use the word baritone to mean the singer himself, or as an adjective to describe his voice. A baritone singing voice is the most common one for a man, falling in between the higher tenor and lower bass registers. Baritone comes from the Italian baritono, with its Greek root word barytonos, "deep-voiced," combining barys, "heavy or deep" and tonos, "tone."
WORD FAMILY
baritone: baritones
USAGE EXAMPLES
“It’s like the difference between a bass singer and a baritone,” she added.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
With his jutting jaw, wavy hair, commanding size and operatic baritone voice, Mr. Irving was a formidable stage presence.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Tall, handsome and well-spoken, the man looks as if he were designed in a lab, complete with rich baritone.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. 男中音，男中音歌手; 上低音部; 上低音乐器
分布：男中音(78%)，男中音歌手(12%)，=barytone.(5%)，上低音部(5%)
→词根bar, 重，同gravity, 重力。tone, 音调。
男中音(bari+tone声音→压下去的声音→男中音)[bar=weight表示"重,压"]
US [-toʊn] noun countable
■a man with a singing voice that is lower than a tenor but not as low as a bass , or a musical instrument with this range 男中音歌手；上低音号
n. 男中音；男中音歌手
 - barytone

Word: behove
Front: behove
[bɪˈhəʊv] (-/33418)
Back: v. <英>理应，应该，理所当然
时态：behoved, behoving, behoves
分布：有必要(34%)，理应(33%)，应该(33%)
US [-'hoʊv] UK (US behoove)
verb old-fashioned formal
it behoves sb to
■it is right for someone to do something 对（某人）来说应该（或理应）
• It ill behoves you to (= You should not) speak so rudely of your parents. 你不应该如此粗鲁地谈论自己的父母。
vi. 理所当然
 - go without saying
vt. 应该；理应（等于behoove）
 - want, would have

Word: blender
Front: blender
[ˈblendə(r)] (8894/24963)
Back: n. 掺和器，搅拌机
分布：搅拌器(59%)，果汁机(23%)，混合器(15%)，混合的人(3%)
US [-dɚ] noun countable
■an electric machine used in the kitchen for breaking down foods or making smooth liquid substances from soft foods and liquids 搅拌机
n. （美）搅拌机；掺和者；混合物
 - mixture, hybrid, mix, compound

Word: bawdy
Front: bawdy
[ˈbɔ:di] (宝 21928/20774)
Vocabulary: bawdy
(once / 11773 pages)
adjn
Bawdy describes humor that is off-color: about sex, going to the bathroom, or other naughty, vulgar topics.
Things that are bawdy are a little inappropriate, intended to be funny, and definitely not the kind of things you want to say in school. Still, they're not the worst sort of things you could say. This is a playful word for things that are vulgar and funny, but not nearly as bad as an x-rated movie. Bawdy jokes are inappropriate, because they discuss things that are sexual or gross, but they're not totally explicit. Being bawdy is a little like being slangy and jokey at the same time. Whether such bawdiness is appropriate all depends on who you're talking to.
WORD FAMILY
bawdy: bawdier, bawdiest, bawdily, bawdiness+/bawd: bawds, bawdy /bawdiness: bawdinesses
Back: adj. 低级下流的
n. 粗话，下流作品
级别：bawdier, bawdiest
分布：下流的(70%)，淫猥的(30%)
【记】读：body，body，body。想象，想象，再想象—妓女的。
【参】bawd（n 鸨母，娼主）
【反】decorous（adj 正派得体的）
US ['bɑ:-] adjective
■containing humorous remarks about sex 淫秽的，猥亵作乐的，下流的
• bawdy humour/songs 黄色笑话／歌曲
adj. 猥亵的；下流的；卖淫的
 - blue, dirty, salt

Word: blather
Front: blather
[ˈblæðə(r)] (31181/49218)
Vocabulary: blather
(once / 24779 pages)
vn
To blather is to talk on and on without saying anything very important or wise. If you blather all afternoon, it might be a welcome distraction to your friend who's grieving the death of her cat.
You can use the word blather as a noun too: you might hate riding the bus home from school because of all the silly blather around you. At a job, it might be acceptable to blather during your lunch break, but not once you get back to work. The verb came first, and it was originally Scottish, probably from the Old Norse word blaðra, "mutter or wag the tongue."
WORD FAMILY
blather: blathered, blathering, blathers
USAGE EXAMPLES
He fills his complaint with blather about how Justice is sticking up for a “beloved” local sports franchise.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 19, 2016)
That's not even a question but a command for me to start blathering.
Golf Digest(Oct 28, 2016)
It was always “for the health of our democracy,” or because without a concession, the state wouldn’t “come together and heal,” or some such blather.
Seattle Times(Oct 21, 2016)
Back: n. 蠢话
vt. 说蠢话，胡说
时态：blathered, blathering, blathers
分布：胡说(55%)，废话(27%)，喋喋不休地讲(9%)，=blether.(9%)
→拟声词，类似于巴拉巴拉。
US [-ɚ] (also blether) informal
verb intransitive
■to talk for a long time in a silly or annoying way 喋喋不休地胡说；唠叨
• What on earth are you blathering on about? 你究竟在胡说些甚么？
• Stop blethering, woman! 别再唠唠叨叨了，娘们儿！
n. 胡说；废话
 - bullshit, kibosh
vi. 说废话；喋喋不休地说
 - rattle on, rattle away
vt. 滔滔不绝地讲
 - spout

Word: burp
Front: burp
[bɜ:p] (20341/26883)
Vocabulary: burp
(once / 31519 pages)
nv
A burp is a belch, or the loud release of trapped air loudly through your mouth. The sound of a burp during a quiet moment makes some people frown and others giggle.
The sound you make when you reflexively let air or gas escape from your mouth is a burp — and to make this noise is to burp. The typical cause of a burp is swallowed air, with some people being able to gulp air and make themselves burp on purpose. Drinking fizzy soda can also make you burp. The word comes from the sound of a burp — it's imitative, and it first appeared in the 1930s.
WORD FAMILY
burp: burped, burping, burps
USAGE EXAMPLES
The babies are actually RealCare Infant Simulators - high-tech dolls that cry, burp, slurp, giggle, and send data to Currie to analyze for grades.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
She tried burping the doll and checked the diaper.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
My wife noticed every tummy bubble, gurgle and burp, hoping against hope that it was the sound of a new life stirring in her womb.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: vi. 打嗝
n. 打嗝，饱嗝
时态：burped, burping, burps
分布：打嗝(89%)，饱嗝儿(11%)
→拟声词。
US [bɝ:p] verb
intransitive
■to allow air from the stomach to come out through the mouth in a noisy way 打嗝
transitive
■to gently rub a baby's back to help air to come out of its stomach （轻拍婴儿背）使打嗝
n. 打嗝；饱嗝儿
 - gurk, eructation
vi. 打嗝；打饱嗝
 - hiccough, eruct

Word: canvasser
Front: canvasser
['kænvəsə(r)] (38608/34771)
Back: n. 检票员，游说者，推销员
分布：游说者(50%)，兜揽生意的人(50%)

Word: brill
Front: brill
[brɪl] (-/34165 -1)
Back: n. 一种可食用的欧洲比目鱼; 鲽类鱼
分布：鲽之类(100%)
adjective exclamation UK informal for
■ brilliant (VERY GOOD)
• You should buy this CD - it's brill! 你应该买这张唱片——它太棒了！

Word: brocade
Front: brocade
[brəˈkeɪd] (宝 19335/21764)
Vocabulary: brocade
(once / 2140 pages)
nv
Brocade is a thick, weighty, fancy material with a raised pattern. You might see an opera singer wearing a dress made of brocade fabric, or you might see it used to create ornate silk cushions.
Brocade comes from the Italian word brocco, meaning "twisted thread." Brocade fabric has a rich, ornate slightly old-fashioned feel to it. You might hear the word brocade used to describe the curtains in the homes of wealthy old women who may or may not have bodies or other horrible secrets in the unused upstairs rooms. Brocade can also be verb that describes the action of weaving a design into fabric.
WORD FAMILY
brocade: brocaded, brocades, brocading
USAGE EXAMPLES
Most, resembling orthopedic supports, were laced over and under almost everything in the show, from pea coats to brocade evening dresses.
New York Times(Nov 25, 2016)
“I loved the fact that they looked like Romantic poets with lace trim sleeves and brooches and brocaded jackets,” Ms. Sui said.
New York Times(Nov 09, 2016)
That would represent a 47 percent premium to the Brocade’s closing price on Friday before media reports that the companies were in talks.
New York Times(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: n. 凸花纹织物，锦缎
vt. （织物上）织成浮花织锦
时态：brocaded, brocading, brocades
分布：织锦(100%)
→来自拉丁词brocca, 针，刺。针织品。
【记】读：不如K他，就是不如打他的意思，因为他穿了一身的织锦，这种公子哥最讨厌了，总是欺负良家妇女，K他！！！
【参】cascade（n 小瀑布）；facade（n 表面，正面）
noun uncountable
■heavy cloth with a raised design often of gold or silver threads 锦缎，织锦
• curtains of rich brocade 用华丽锦缎做成的窗帘
n. [纺] 织锦；锦缎
 - baldachin, tapis

Word: cadence
Front: cadence
[ˈkeɪdns] (托宝 12193/21748)
Vocabulary: cadence
(once / 1910 pages)
1n 2n 3n
The word cadence has its own lovely cadence — rhythm of sound as it's spoken.
Cadence has come to mean "the rhythm of sounds" from its root cadere which means "to fall." Originally designating falling tones especially at the end of lines of music or poetry, cadence broadened to mean the rhythms of the tones and sometimes even the rhythm of sounds in general. Think of the cadence of the marching band at a football game or the cadence of the crickets on a warm spring night. You can remember the "fall" idea by thinking of one of the only words that contains it — decadence — which has the prefix de- at the front to mean down, or downfall.
WORD FAMILY
cadence: cadences+/cadency: cadencies/cadent: cadence, cadency
USAGE EXAMPLES
Here, he drinks a cocktail called the Hudson Duster — rye, lemon juice, amaretto — and contemplates the cadence of the average Drynuary.
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
The singing is spectral, the cadence is practically spoken, and, as a bonus, the beat is ghost-EDM, with thumps that flicker on and off.
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Ralph’s accompaniment is as spare as a prison cell: A lone piano, sounding naked notes with the occasional deceptive cadence.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. （声音的）抑扬顿挫; 节奏; 韵律; 调子
分布：节奏(61%)，抑扬顿挫(18%)，韵律(18%)，降调句(3%)
→来自词根cid, 掉落。词源同case, accident.
【记】cad无赖，ence读：按死。把无赖按死的时候发出的声音－既是终曲，又是抑扬顿挫（鬼哭狼嚎）的
noun countable
VOICE 声音
■the regular rise and fall of the voice （嗓音的）抑扬顿挫，起落
['keɪ.dənts] noun countable
MUSIC 音乐 specialized
■a set of chords (= different notes played together) at the end of a piece of music （乐曲的）收束，终止
n. 节奏；韵律；抑扬顿挫
 - rhythm, meter

Word: broccoli
Front: broccoli
[ˈbrɒkəli] (7853/21277 -1)
Back: n. 花椰菜; 西兰花
分布：花椰菜(65%)，西兰花(34%)，甘蓝花(1%)
→来自拉丁词brocca, 针，刺。形容该蔬菜如同一根根尖刺。
US ['brɑ:.kəl-] noun uncountable
■a vegetable with a thick green stem and a tree-like dark green top 西兰花，花椰菜；球茎甘蓝
n. [园艺] 花椰菜；西兰花
 - cauliflower, Brokkoli

Word: carcinogenic
Front: carcinogenic
[ˌkɑ:sɪnəˈdʒenɪk] (21304/24094)
Vocabulary: carcinogenic
(once / 102777 pages)
adj
Something is carcinogenic if it has the potential to cause cancer. Cigarettes, for example, are carcinogenic because studies show that smokers are more likely than non-smokers to develop certain kinds of cancer.
To correctly pronounce carcinogenic, accent the fourth syllable: "car-sih-nuh-JEN-ick." Carcinogenic is related to the noun carcinogen, meaning "a cancer-causing substance." Both words come from carcinoma, or "malignant tumor" and -gen, a suffix that means "something produced." So something that is carcinogenic produces malignant tumors — cancer.
WORD FAMILY
carcinogen: carcinogenic, carcinogens
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some say the devices help people wean themselves off the habit without the harmful, carcinogenic byproducts of regular cigarettes.
Washington Times(Dec 08, 2016)
But he said the risk is less than combining nicotine with carcinogenic combustion in traditional cigarettes.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Would the NYT print a headline from a doctor denying the carcinogenic effects of tobacco during the Tobacco trials a “contrarian?”
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 致癌物（质）的
分布：致癌的(100%)
US [ˌkɑ:r.sən.oʊ-] adjective
■describes a substance which causes cancer 致癌的
adj. [肿瘤] 致癌的；致癌物的
 - cancerigenic

Word: chilli
Front: chilli
['tʃɪlɪ] (托 38267/17038 -2)
Back: n. （干）辣椒，辣椒粉; chili的英式拼写; 红辣椒
(plural chillies) UK (ALSO US chili (plural chilies)) ['tʃɪl.i/
noun countable or uncountable
 ADVANCED
■the small red or green seed case from particular types of pepper plant that is used to make some foods very hot and spicy 辣椒
n. 红辣椒
 - chili pepper, red pepper

Word: chary
Front: chary
[ˈtʃeəri] (托宝 40272/37856)
Vocabulary: chary
(once / 7296 pages)
adj
Being chary (pronounced CHAIR-ee) is being wary or cautious. If you lost two teeth in last year’s rugby season, you should be chary of signing up again this year.
Chary comes from the Old English word cearig for "sorrowful, careful," which is basically what you are if you’re chary. If you’re a little suspicious of something and mulling it over, you’re being chary. A synonym of chary is wary, and both include caution, but some definitions suggest that it's obvious when someone is wary — it shows — while being chary is more of an inside, or hidden, distrust.
WORD FAMILY
chary: charier, chariest, charily, chariness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Back at the house, McTeer told me that she is chary of media attention.
The New Yorker(Oct 17, 2016)
If investors become chary of risky assets again, even those with half-decent fundamentals will get dumped.
Economist(May 05, 2016)
However, any kind of social cohesiveness outside CCP parameters makes the Party very chary, including demonstrations of civic solidarity such as Gay Pride events.
Time(Feb 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 小心的; 谨慎的; 节省的; 舍不得的
分布：谨慎的(60%)，节俭的(40%)
→来自care.
【记】char茶，y外：给外国人喝茶一定要小心谨慎，用点儿好茶叶，端稳点儿，别给咱中国人丢脸。读：查－需要小心谨慎的
【反】bold（adj 大胆鲁莽的）；rash（adj 轻率卤莽的）
US ['tʃer.i] adjective
■uncertain and frightened to take risks; unwilling to take action 小心的，谨慎的；不愿采取行动的
• I'm a bit chary of using a travel agency that doesn't have official registration. 选择没有正式注册的旅行社我有点不放心。
adj. 谨慎的；仔细的；吝啬的；怕羞的
 - careful, tight, cautious, prudent, wary

Word: castilian

Word: cartographer
Front: cartographer
[kɑ:ˈtɒgrəfə(r)] (宝 25094/36320)
Vocabulary: cartographer
(once / 43137 pages)
n
Unless you’re the one guy in America who actually asks for directions, you’ve probably broken down and used a map at some point in your life. The cartographer is the person you should thank for getting you un-lost — the mapmaker.
A cartographer is a person who creates maps, whether they’re of the world, the local bus routes, or buried pirate treasure. It comes to us from the Latin word charta-, which means “tablet or leaf of paper,” and the Greek word graphein, meaning to write or draw. These days, a cartographer doesn’t have to work on paper––it's all computers, making electronic maps as part of GPS software. Technically, a cartographer can make charts, too.
WORD FAMILY
cartographer: cartographers+/ cartography: cartographer, cartographical
USAGE EXAMPLES
Novelist Vladimir Nabokov is not only one of the midcentury masters of prose but also, arguably, our greatest literary cartographer.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Whereas Ms Temelkuran seethes on the front line of Turkey’s culture war, Mr Genc is a cartographer of the battlefield.
Economist(Nov 10, 2016)
“In many ways Mars is better mapped than Earth, as no features are hidden from study,” says National Geographic’s planetary cartographer Matt Chwastyk.
National Geographic(Oct 19, 2016)
Back: n. 制图者
分布：制图师(75%)，地图制作者(25%)
【记】cart＝card纸，图，graph写，er人：制图师cartoon graph－画卡通地图－绘制地图者
US [kɑ:r'tɑ:.grə.fɚ] noun countable
■someone who makes or draws maps 绘制地图者；制图员
n. [测] 制图师；地图制作者
 - mapmaker

Word: christchurch
Front: christchurch
['kraɪstʃɜ:tʃ] (-/16231)
Back: n. 克莱斯特彻奇（或译基督堂市）（新西兰城市）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: cob
Front: cob
[kɒb] (宝 16839/20571 -1)
Back: n. 雄天鹅; 玉米的穗轴; 壮实的矮脚马; 小圆块
v. 捣碎; 打碎; 打臀部
分布：雄天鹅(51%)，玉米棒子(25%)，圆锥(8%)，短腿马(8%)，柴泥灰墁(8%)
→来自geu, 块，圆块，词源同cod, cog, cudgel. 含有多种词义，用于指各种圆块状物体。
【记】读：科比（布莱恩特）（美国NBA球星）－长得就像玉米棒子
US [kɑ:b] noun countable
HORSE 马
■a strong horse with short legs 结实的矮脚马
UK [kɒb] US [kɑ:b] noun countable
BIRD 鸟
■a male swan 雄天鹅
UK [kɒb] US [kɑ:b] noun countable
BREAD 面包 UK a round loaf of bread 圆面包
⇒ See also corn on the cob
n. 雄天鹅；玉米穗轴；结实的矮脚马；圆块
 - corncob
vt. 捣碎
 - contuse, quash

Word: countess
Front: countess
[ˈkaʊntəs] (19451/10690 -1)
Back: n. 女伯爵; 伯爵夫人
分布：伯爵夫人(81%)，女伯爵(19%)
→count, 伯爵。-ess, 表女性。
US [-tˌəs] noun countable
■a woman of high social rank, or the wife of a count or earl 女伯爵；伯爵夫人
• the Countess of Abingdon 阿宾顿伯爵夫人
n. 伯爵夫人；女伯爵
 - landgravine, comtesse

Word: cordoba
Front: cordoba
[ˈkɔ:dəbə] (41002/40096)
Back: n. 科多巴（尼加拉瓜的货币单位）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: crooner
Front: crooner
[ˈkru:nə(r)] (23238/41124)
Vocabulary: crooner
(once / 14924 pages)
n
A crooner is a singer, especially a man who sings jazz standards. Frank Sinatra was a well-known crooner.
The noun crooner describes a silky-voiced singer of sentimental jazz favorites, particularly a male singer. Crooners were especially popular from the late 1920s until the early 1950s. The increased use of microphones and radio broadcasting made it possible for crooners to sing softly and emotionally even when backed by a band. The rise of rock n roll helped bring the era of the crooner to an end. Crooner comes from the verb croon, "to sing softly and sadly."
WORD FAMILY
crooner: crooners+/ croon: crooned, crooner, crooning, croons/crooning: croonings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Nurses, meanwhile, were rushing to glimpse her father, the crooner Eddie Fisher.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Then, throw in the suave, good looks of crooner Michael Bublé and multiply by 10.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Instead, like an old crooner, he is reprising the hits.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: n. 低声唱歌的人或歌手
分布：低声唱歌的人或歌手(100%)
US [-nɚ] old-fashioned
noun countable
■a singer, especially a man, who sings slow love songs 低声哼唱者，低吟歌手（尤指男歌手）

Word: chute
Front: chute
[ʃu:t] (10638/16220)
Back: n. 斜槽，滑道; 降落伞
vt. 用斜槽或斜道运送
vi. 顺斜道而下，在斜槽或滑道中滑行
时态：chuted, chuting, chutes
分布：降落伞(45%)，斜槽(25%)，瀑布(16%)，用斜槽进料(7%)，泻物架(7%)
→来自词根cad, 滑，掉落，词源同case, accident.
noun countable
SLIDE 滑
■a narrow, steep slope down which objects or people can slide 滑道；滑梯；斜槽
• a water chute 水上滑梯
• a laundry chute 洗衣槽
• a garbage/rubbish chute 垃圾道
• an emergency chute 紧急滑梯
[ʃu:t] noun countable
CLOTH DEVICE 布制设备 informal for
■ parachute （降落伞的）伞衣
n. 瀑布；斜槽；降落伞；陡坡道
 - fall, waterfall

Word: degeneration
Front: degeneration
[dɪˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn] (16383/19689)
Vocabulary: degeneration
(once / 3771 pages)
n
Degeneration is a process of decline. Anything that’s getting worse is going through degeneration. A grand old mansion that’s now abandoned and covered with weeds is in a state of degeneration.
When something degenerates, it gets worse in some way, like a house that’s slowly sinking in the mud. This process of decline is called degeneration. The word is from the Latin word degenerare which means "to be inferior to one's ancestors.” Ouch. Now degeneration refers to anything in a state of decline, such as a friendship that was strong and now barely exists.
WORD FAMILY
degeneration: degenerations+/degeneracy: degeneracies/ degenerate: degeneracy, degenerated, degenerately, degenerates, degenerating, degeneration, degenerative
USAGE EXAMPLES
In MS, inflammatory flare-ups strip neurons of their protective myelin sheaths, leaving them vulnerable to degeneration.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
An alternative theory is that progressive MS does not result from inflammation at all, but rather from the degeneration that follows the early inflammatory injury.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
The disease causes brain degeneration, emaciation, abnormal behavior, loss of bodily functions and death.
Washington Times(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: n. 变性; 退化; 恶化; 变质
分布：堕落(66%)，恶化(29%)，动词degenerate的名词形式.(5%)
noun [S or U]
■the process by which something gets worse 恶化；衰退；退化
• There has been a gradual degeneration of the judicial system in the last few years. 近些年来司法制度日渐腐败。
• High blood pressure can cause degeneration of the heart muscles. 高血压可引起心肌变性。
n. [生物] 退化； [医] 变性；堕落；恶化
 - regression, corruption, degradation, deterioration

Word: debater
Front: debater
[dɪˈbeɪtə(r)] (24149/37210)
Back: n. 讨论家，讨论者
分布：辩论家(72%)，讨论者(28%)
n. 讨论者；辩论家
 - discussant, polemist

Word: deliverance
Front: deliverance
[dɪˈlɪvərəns] (18030/15805)
Vocabulary: deliverance
(once / 746 pages)
n
If you’re seeking deliverance, you want to be set free or removed from a bad situation. If you're taken hostage in a bank heist, you might pray for deliverance.
You probably notice that deliver makes up a big chunk of deliverance. One meaning of deliver is “to set free” — and that’s what deliverance is: the act of setting someone free. Deliverance often has religious connotations, but the word can be used for other kinds of rescue or liberation. You might want deliverance from the hardship of working on your uncle’s farm all summer, or at least deliverance from the smell of manure.
WORD FAMILY
deliverance: deliverances+/ deliver: deliverable, deliverance, delivered, deliverer, delivering, delivers, delivery /deliverable: deliverables/deliverer: deliverers/ delivery: deliveries
USAGE EXAMPLES
At the moment, I don’t even think of my phone as a phone any more, but just a device for the deliverance of horrors.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
It’s more like ‘Deliverance,’ ” he said, referring to the movie.
Washington Post(Dec 17, 2016)
Sherman Pitt, pastor of the Kingdom Tabernacle Deliverance Center, was pulled over after forgetting to wear his seat belt.
Washington Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. <文>解救，解脱
分布：解救(38%)，释放(33%)，救助(12%)，判决(10%)，正式意见(7%)
→来自deliver, 解救，拯救。
N-UNCOUNT
解救;拯救;解脱
Deliverance is rescue from imprisonment, danger, or evil.
例：The opening scene shows them celebrating their sudden deliverance from war...开场的一幕是他们在庆祝自己突然从战争中解脱了出来。
例：She prayed to God for deliverance.她向上帝祈祷以求得拯救。
n. 释放，解救；救助；判决
 - liberation, release, sentence, rescue, award

Word: cuckold
Front: cuckold
[ˈkʌkəʊld] (36637/43217)
Vocabulary: cuckold
(once / 7061 pages)
nv
A cuckold is a man who has been betrayed by his wife. If your wife cuckolds you, she is cheating on you with a different man.
This is an old-fashioned word you can find in many Shakespeare plays, though cuckolding is certainly older than Shakespeare and will always exist as long as there are marriages. A man can't cuckold a woman: only a wife can cuckold her husband. By sleeping with another man, she makes her husband a cuckold.
WORD FAMILY
cuckold: cuckolded, cuckolding, cuckoldom, cuckolds+/cuckoldom: cuckoldoms
USAGE EXAMPLES
It is derived from cuckold and signifies the target is in some way weak.
BBC(Nov 16, 2016)
It's a portmanteau of "conservative" and "cuckold" used to describe Republicans who are perceived to be emasculated or "selling out."
Los Angeles Times(Nov 15, 2016)
The doomed cuckold, our narrator’s father, is a poet, who isn’t around much and seems to have forgotten his heir.
Seattle Times(Oct 09, 2016)
Back: n. 妻子与人通奸的人，“乌龟”
vt. 使戴绿帽子
时态：cuckolded, cuckolding, cuckolds
分布：有不贞妻子的男人(75%)，使戴绿帽子(25%)
→词源同cuckoo,布谷鸟。因布谷鸟喜欢把卵下在其它鸟巢里而得名。
US [-oʊld] old-fashioned disapproving
noun countable
■a man whose wife deceives him by having a sexual relationship with another man 戴绿帽子的人，妻子有外遇的人
UK ['kʌk.əʊld] US [-oʊld] old-fashioned disapproving
verb transitive
■If a man or woman is cuckolded, their wife or husband has a sexual relationship with another person. 给…戴绿帽子；与…的妻子（或丈夫）通奸

Word: curia
Front: curia
['kjʊərɪə] (30958/30071)
Back: n. 地区元老院，法庭，元老院
分布：元老院(43%)，地区元老院(38%)，法庭(19%)
n. 元老院；地区元老院；中世纪法庭
 - senate

Word: declaim
Front: declaim
[dɪˈkleɪm] (托宝 25530/21390)
Vocabulary: declaim
(once / 1631 pages)
v
Use the verb declaim when someone is speaking very passionately against something, like when you declaim having to be home at an early hour.
Declaim can also describe reciting words aloud for practice. If you're learning a new language, you might declaim a sentence until it sounds clear and natural when you say it. Declaim was originally spelled declame, similar to the Latin word declamare, meaning "to practice public speaking," but later became declaim as its other meaning came into greater use.
TASTY MORSELS
Vocabulary Shout-Out: Gina Bellafante for "Declaim"
Writing in response to Wall Street Journal editorial board member Dorothy Rabinowitz's deununciation of the Citi Bike bike-sharing program in New York City, New York Times "Big City" columnist Gina Bellafante referred to Rabinowitz's "crazy-lady assertions about cycling’s hold on New York" as "declaimed absurdities."
Declaim means to speak publicly, or or speak out passionately against. Its synonyms include inveigh and protest, and along with proclaim (announce), exclaim (cry or utter aloud), acclaim (praise vociferously), and disclaim (to deny), it's a proud member of the family of words that claim claim in the sense of "profess" as a root. (Claim can also mean "to express a right to something," as when you claim a prize you won, stake a claim to a piece of land, or reclaim what once was yours.)
It makes sense that claim has so many offspring — it's been around a long time. It came into English around 1300 from the French clamer "to call or name," which in turn descended from the Latin clamare "to cry out, shout, proclaim," and likely existed before that in a Proto-Indo-European language form as the root kele-, meaning "to shout." Kele- shows up in cognate form through references to roosters crowing and dawn breaking in languages all over the map. Etymonline.com provides this catalog:
Sanskrit usakala "cock," literally "dawn-calling;" Latin calare "to announce solemnly, call out;" Middle Irish cailech "cock;" Greek kalein "to call," kelados "noise," kledon "report, fame;" Old High German halan "to call;" Old English hlowan "to low, make a noise like a cow;" Lithuanian kalba "language").
Thinking about the ancient roots of this well-pedigreed verb puts the bike-sharing controversy into perspective, doesn't it?
WORD FAMILY
declaim: declaimed, declaiming, declaims, declamation+/declamation: declamations
USAGE EXAMPLES
What an opening Brahms crafted for this concerto, with timpani roaring and the rest of the orchestra declaiming abrupt, emphatic shouts of confidence.
Washington Post(Nov 20, 2016)
That declaimed, chantlike text setting! — yield work that is superficial or boring.
Washington Post(Nov 14, 2016)
The eight-minute “Retribution” starts with her calmly declaiming about materialism despoiling Mother Earth.
New York Times(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. （像演讲般）说话
vi. 抨击; （在公共场合）大声抗议
时态：declaimed, declaiming, declaims
分布：雄辩(63%)，高谈阔论(25%)，大声说(12%)
→de-, 向下，强调。claim, 叫喊，声称。引申义慷慨陈词。
朗诵[claim,clam=cyrout,shout,表示"呼喊,叫喊"]
【记】de向下，claim喊－在台上向下喊－慷慨激昂地演说或朗诵
【参】proclaim（vt 宣布；声明）；acclaim（v 欢呼，称赞）
[dɪ'kleɪm] formal
verb intransitive or transitive
■to express something with strong feeling, especially in a loud voice or with forceful language 朗诵；（尤指）大声宣布，慷慨激昂地声称
• [+ speech] "The end of the world is at hand!" the poster declaimed. “世界末日就要来了！”那张传单上写着。
• She declaimed against the evils of capitalism. 她声称反对资本主义的种种罪恶。
vi. 慷慨陈词；演讲；朗读
 - speak, give a lecture
vt. 演讲；慷慨激昂地发表
 - give a lecture, discourse upon

Word: determinism
Front: determinism
[dɪˈtɜ:mɪnɪzəm] (18526/17030)
Back: n. 决定论; 宿命论
分布：决定论(99%)，命定性(1%)
→来自determine, 确定，明确。
US [-'tɝ:-] specialized
noun uncountable
■the theory that everything which happens must happen as it does and could not have happened any other way 决定论

Word: drawdown
Front: drawdown
[ˈdrɔ:daun] (23658/-)
Back: n. （抽水后）水位降低，水位降低量; 垂伸; 牵伸
分布：减少(80%)，水位下降(12%)，消耗(8%)
n. （美）减少； [水文] 水位降低
 - reduction, loss, decrease

Word: dystopian
Front: dystopian
[dɪs'tɒpiən] (35362/-)
Vocabulary: dystopian
(once / 68717 pages)
adj
"Utopian" describes a society that's conceived to be perfect. Dystopian is the exact opposite — it describes an imaginary society that is as dehumanizing and as unpleasant as possible.
George Orwell's "Animal Farm," for example, describes a dystopian society in which Napoleon, a pig, represents Joseph Stalin in a farmyard satire on Stalinist Russia and how power corrupts. Other famous dystopian authors include Aldous Huxley, Kurt Vonnegut, and Ray Bradbury. The adjective dystopian describes anything that pertains to or resembles a society such as those described in this sort of literature.
WORD FAMILY
dystopia: dystopian, dystopias
USAGE EXAMPLES
Yes, we are really living in a dystopian future where we can’t be sure of what is true and what isn’t.
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
This was a year in which vulgarity, divisiveness and exclusion won – a triumph for dystopian visions of race, nation and ethnicity.
The Guardian(Dec 30, 2016)
Free for the first time in 20 years, he was living on Los Angeles Skid Row, a dystopian dead end where drugs are used openly.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 反面乌托邦的，反面假想国的
n. 反面乌托邦的鼓吹者（或描写者）
分布：反面乌托邦的(40%)，反面假想国的(40%)，可怕的(20%)

Word: edwardian

Word: elegiac
Front: elegiac
[ˌelɪˈdʒaɪək] (26724/33068)
Vocabulary: elegiac
(once / 8647 pages)
adj
If there's one song on your playlist that always brings tears to your eyes, maybe it's because it has an elegiac quality. Elegiac means "mournful or sad."
The adjective elegiac is useful when you're talking about music, a movie, a book, or another work of art that has a sorrowful tone. Sometimes elegiac specifically refers to something or someone that's gone: a person who's died, or a time in the past, especially if you feel a sense of longing for it. You can speak in an elegiac way, or sing an elegiac tune. The word comes from the Greek elegos, "poem or song of lament."
WORD FAMILY
elegiac: elegiacally+/elegise: elegising/elegist: elegists/elegize: elegized, elegizes/ elegy: elegiac, elegies, elegise, elegist, elegize
USAGE EXAMPLES
A first book often ends childhood: Prikryl’s gorgeous, elegiac work borrows from folklore its bright aesthetic and swift, severe logic of causation.
The New Yorker(Dec 19, 2016)
But the late, 22-year-old Cash Askew’s band Them Are Us Too is so gorgeous and elegiac that it’s almost too painful to listen too now.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 14, 2016)
The men fleeing our helicopter were transformed by his camera, their escape now framed as an elegiac narrative: solitary figures traversing an apocalyptic topography.
The New Yorker(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 挽歌的，哀悼的，伤感的
分布：挽歌的(45%)，哀歌(31%)，悲伤的(12%)，=elegiacal.(12%)
【记】以露出大腿开头的就这两个单词：一个是优雅，一个是挽歌只剩下e个leg了－哀悼的
US [ɪ'li:.dʒi.æk] literary
adjective
■relating to an elegy 挽歌（体）的
adj. 挽歌的；哀悼的，哀伤的
 - monodic, condolent
n. 挽歌，哀歌
 - keen, threnode

Word: elemental
Front: elemental
[ˌelɪˈmentl] (六 14054/12930 -1)
Back: adj. 基本的，主要的; 自然力的; [化]元素的; 强大的，可怕的
n. （古希腊）四元素的精灵; 基本原理
分布：元素的(54%)，基本的(33%)，自然力的(13%)
adjective literary
■showing the strong power of nature 自然力的
• elemental force/fury 大自然的威力／狂暴
■basic or most simple, but strong 初级的，基础的；主要的，重要的
• elemental needs/desires/feelings 基本需要／欲望／情感
primary, elemental, elementary
这组词都有“基本的”的意思，其区别是：
primary: 可与作“初步的，初级”的elementary换用。
elemental: 强调属于事物的基础或本质。
elementary: 指属于事物的初步或起始阶段
adj. 基本的；主要的；自然力的；四大要素的（土、水、气、火）
 - basic, fundamental, essential, primary, major

Word: embryology
Front: embryology
[ˌembriˈɒlədʒi] (32492/35239)
Back: n. 胚胎学
分布：胚胎学(100%)
US [-'ɑ:.lə-] noun uncountable
■the study of animal development between the fertilization of the egg and the time when the animal is born 胚胎学

Word: enslavement
Front: enslavement
[ɪn'sleɪvmənt] (21763/33373)
Back: n. 奴役，强制
分布：奴役(100%)
n. 奴役
 - slavery, bondage

Word: fearfully
Front: fearfully
['fɪəfəlɪ] (22475/23394)
Back: adv. 可怕地; 害怕地; <口>非常; 极为
分布：可怕地(34%)，胆怯地(25%)，非常地(25%)，极(16%)
US ['fɪr-] adverb
■with fear 害怕地；畏惧地
• Fearfully, he walked closer to the edge. 他心惊胆战地朝崖边走近了一点。
■UK old-fashioned
■extremely 极其
• These cakes are fearfully good. 这些蛋糕好极了。
adv. 可怕地；非常地；颇
 - pretty, considerably, remarkably, horribly, tremendously

Word: fecund
Front: fecund
[ˈfi:kənd] (宝 26800/36013)
Vocabulary: fecund
(once / 6140 pages)
adj
The adjective fecund describes things that are highly fertile and that easily produce offspring or fruit. Rabbits are often considered to be fecund animals, and you may hear jokes in poor taste about people reproducing like rabbits if they have a lot of children.
The word fecund comes from the Latin word fecundus, meaning fruitful. But the English word does not just describe something or someone fertile, the adjective fecund can also be used to describe someone who is innovative or highly intellectually productive. Your fecund imagination will be an asset if you have to tell ghost stories around the fire at camp while eating s'mores but that same fecund imagination could be less helpful if you're at home alone on a stormy night and you think you hear a knock at the door!
WORD FAMILY
fecund: fecundity +/ fecundity: fecundities
USAGE EXAMPLES
There is no comparison on land – even the fecund Amazon isn’t as a complex an ecosystem – nor is there an easy solution.
The Guardian(Sep 06, 2016)
The overwhelming attribute of Sher’s portrayal was the lucidity he brought to Falstaff’s fecund wit.
Los Angeles Times(Aug 16, 2016)
Democracy, therefore, provides a fecund environment for the reproduction of demagogues.
Time(Jun 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 多产的; 生殖力旺盛的; 富饶的; 肥沃的
分布：多产的(40%)，肥沃的(39%)，丰饶的(21%)
→来自拉丁词根fe, 吮吸，吸奶，乳汁，拟声词，词源同female, felicity. 原义为多奶的，引申词义多产的，肥沃的。
adjective formal
■able to produce a lot of crops, fruit, babies, young animals, etc 多产的；肥沃的；生殖力旺盛的
• fecund soil 肥沃的土壤
■active and productive 活跃的；旺盛的
• a fecund imagination 丰富的想像力
adj. 肥沃的；多产的；丰饶的；生殖力旺盛的
 - rich, productive

Word: esperanto

Word: endearing
Front: endearing
[ɪnˈdɪərɪŋ] (宝 15909/19104 -1)
Vocabulary: endearing
(once / 3455 pages)
adj
Endearing describes something or someone extremely lovable, like a kitten or your friend's sense of humor.
The adjective endearing was originally used in the 1500s to mean "enhancing the value of," and by the 1640s it also meant "making dear or precious." It can still be used both ways, although the second meaning of endearing is most common. Any time you talk about a person or thing that's adorable or extremely likable, you can describe it as endearing.
WORD FAMILY
endearing: endearingly+/ dear: dearer, dearly, dearness, dears, endear /dearness: dearnesses/ endear: endeared, endearing, endearment, endears/ endearment: endearments
USAGE EXAMPLES
Like Canada itself, the gray jay is a pleasant surprise, comforting for its lack of pushiness and dramatics, endearing for its wit and poise.
Slate(Dec 30, 2016)
But the core of the xx — an endearing insecurity — hasn’t disappeared.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
All human life was there, for better, for worse, in victory and defeat, chaotic, corrupt, endearing, enraging, inspiring.
The Guardian(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 使人喜欢的，讨人喜欢的
v. 使某人（自己）受某人喜欢(endear的现在分词); 令…喜欢某人/自己; “endear”的现在分词
分布：可爱的(67%)，惹人喜爱的(26%)，动词endear的现在分词形式.(7%)
【记】dear（adj 昂贵的；亲爱的）
【参】endearment（n 亲爱；钟爱）
US [-'dɪr.ɪŋ] adjective
■making someone like you 使人喜爱的；引人爱慕的
• She laughs at herself a lot which is always endearing. 她经常自嘲，大家都很欣赏她这一点。
adj. 可爱的；讨人喜欢的；引起爱情的
 - lovely, favorable, pleasant, pretty, taking

Word: entomology
Front: entomology
[ˌentəˈmɒlədʒi] (22993/45153)
Vocabulary: entomology
(once / 4153 pages)
n
Entomology is the study of insects. If you want to know all about ants, roaches, scorpions, and skeeters, entomology is for you.
From the Greek word for “knowledge,” the suffix -logy literally means “the study of,” and you see it often. Theology is the study of divine beings, anthropology is the study of human cultures, psychology is the study of the mind. Add the Greek prefix entomon, for insect, and you have the branch of biology that focuses on bugs.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
entomology / etymology
Don't bug out! Entomology is the study of insects, but etymology is the study of words. They sound similar and both end in -logy, which means "the study of," but don't mix them up unless you like completely confusing people.
Entomology comes from the French entomologie and the New Latin entomologia. These come from the Greek éntomon, for insect, and logia, for study. Entomology, then, is the study of insects:
From the department of entomology you expect to learn something about the troublesome insects, which are so universal an annoyance. (A.W. Latham)
Entomology: that branch of Zoology that deals with insects and, specifically, the Hexapods. (John B. Smith)
The etymology of the word etymology is that it comes from the Old French ethimologie and the Latin etymologia. Both come from the Greek etymologia, from etymon, for "true sense," and logos, word. Today's etymology is the study of a word's history:
Dictionaries take decades to compile, while slang terms come in and out of fashion faster than you can say etymology. (Time)
In fact, Metcalf devotes a whole chapter to the various false etymologies of OK, including several you may have heard. (The Globe and Mail)
Thinking about the etymology of these words made me think about exactly why we, as designers, were originally inspired by these ideas. (Co. Design)
Remember, entomology is the study of insects, like ants. If you're talking about words and where they came from, use etymology.
WORD FAMILY
entomology: entomologic, entomological, entomologist +/entomologic: entomologically/ entomologist: entomologists
USAGE EXAMPLES
But that’s not really why he speaks at infectious-disease meetings, entomology conventions, and international conservation workshops.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
Entomology specialist Tawny Simisky describes the moths as “pesky critters.”
Seattle Times(Nov 22, 2016)
“To me, it’s kind of like the exploration of Mars on earth,” said Paul E. Marek, an assistant professor of entomology at Virginia Polytechnic Institute.
New York Times(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. 昆虫学
分布：昆虫学(100%)
→en-, 进入，使。-tom, 砍，切，词源同tome, atom. 即切成一段一段的，后指昆虫。
昆虫学(entomo昆虫+log+y)[log=science,表示"科学,学科"]
昆虫学[entom=insect(昆虫)]
【记】entom昆虫，ology学科－昆虫学en进入，tom＝tomb坟墓，ology学科：进入坟墓的学科，研究《木乃伊归来》中的死人身上的昆虫。
US [-tˌə'mɑ:.lə-] specialized
noun uncountable
■the scientific study of insects 昆虫学
n. [昆] 昆虫学
 - insectology

Word: grader
Front: grader
[ˈgreɪdə(r)] (7142/44901)
Back: n. 分类机，分级机; 平路机
分布：分类机(100%)
COMB in N-COUNT
（美国英语用法，用于first, second等词后构成名词）表示“…年级学生”
-grader combines with words such as 'first' and 'second' to form nouns which refer to a child or young person who is in a particular grade in the American education system.
例：...a sixth-grader at the Latta School.拉塔学校的六年级学生
n. 分级机；分类机；（美）（中小学的）…年级学生
 - grading machine, sorting machine

Word: glister
Front: glister
[ˈglɪstə(r)] None
Back: n. <古>灿烂，光辉; 闪烁，华丽，灿烂
vi. 闪烁
分布：闪烁(80%)，闪闪发亮(20%)
→来自ghel, 照耀，发光，词源同glass, gold.
n. 闪烁；华丽；灿烂
 - scintillation, lambency
vi. 闪烁
 - spark, coruscate

Word: grabber
Front: grabber
['græbə] (29835/40618)
Back: n. 强夺者，强取者
分布：贪心汉(34%)，抢夺者(33%)，抓帧器(33%)
n. [法] 强夺者；强取者；掠夺者
 - ravisher, predator

Word: grasshopper
Front: grasshopper
[ˈgrɑ:shɒpə(r)] (六托 15296/22546)
Back: n. 蚱蜢，蝗虫，蚂蚱; [空]小型侦察机
分布：蚱蜢(60%)，蝗虫(36%)，蚱蜢鸡尾酒(2%)，轻型飞机(2%)
→grass, 草。hopper, 跳。
US ['græsˌhɑ:.pɚ] noun countable
■a plant-eating insect with long back legs that can jump very high and makes a sharp high noise using its back legs or wings 蚱蜢，蝗虫
n. 蚱蜢； [植保] 蝗虫；小型侦察机
 - locust

Word: nth
Front: nth
[enθ] (24207/34684)
Back: adj. 第n个的
分布：第n个的(60%)，极度的(40%)
informal
adjective [before noun]
■used to describe the most recent in a long series of things, when you do not know how many there are （经过无数次后）又一次的，第
• I glanced at my watch for the nth time that morning. 那天早晨我看了无数次手表。
[entθ] informal
adjective [before noun]
to the nth degree
■as much or as far as possible 极度；无穷
• We were questioned to the nth degree. 我们被仔仔细细盘问了无数遍。
adj. 第n个的；n倍的；最近的
 - recent, late, current, last, nearest

Word: guardianship
Front: guardianship
[ˈgɑ:diənʃɪp] (20713/24339)
Back: n. 保护，守护，监护人的职责
分布：监护(74%)，守护(14%)，保护(12%)
→来自guard, 监护。
US ['gɑ:r-] noun uncountable
■the state or duty of being a guardian 监护人（或保护者）身份（或职责）
n. [法] 监护；监护人的责任
 - custody, tutelage

Word: happenstance
Front: happenstance
[ˈhæpənstæns] (22408/-)
Vocabulary: happenstance
(once / 52068 pages)
n
A happenstance is a coincidental event. If you call your brother on the phone, that's intentional. If you bump into him in a restaurant, it's happenstance.
Happenstance is a combination of the words, happen and circumstance. Whereas circumstances are the conditions that surround an event, happenstance is the event itself. If you have no food at home so you go out to eat and sit next to a charming person who you end up marrying, your meeting was happenstance and your being hungry and having no food at home were the circumstances.
WORD FAMILY
happenstance: happenstances
USAGE EXAMPLES
By happenstance, one of his hospital roommates was Robert Clement, the father of future Gov. Frank Clement.
Washington Times(Nov 20, 2016)
Kryptowire discovered the problem through a combination of happenstance and curiosity.
New York Times(Nov 15, 2016)
But Wilson can’t rely on happenstance to fix this problem.
Washington Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: n. 偶然事件，意外事件
分布：偶然事件(67%)，偶然的(33%)
→happen,发生，-stance,情况，来自circumstance.引申词义偶然情况。
US [-stænts] noun countable or uncountable mainly US
■chance or a chance situation, especially one producing a good result （尤指出现好结果的）偶然情况，机遇
• By (a strange) happenstance they were both in Paris at the same time. 凑巧他们俩当时都在巴黎。
n. 意外事件，偶然事件
 - accident, fortuity

Word: icarus

Word: illustrator
Front: illustrator
[ˈɪləstreɪtə(r)] (12176/16181)
Vocabulary: illustrator
(once / 4734 pages)
n
An illustrator is an artist who draws the pictures in a book. Some children's book authors are also illustrators, while others work with an illustrator.
Picture books have to be well-written and well-illustrated: it's up to an illustrator to interpret the story through pictures (or illustrations). Illustrators sometimes also draw or paint pictures for comic books, advertisements, magazines, greeting cards, and graphic novels. In the 16th century, an illustrator was "one who enlightens," from a now-obsolete meaning of illustrate, "light up." The Latin root is illustrare, "light up," and also "adorn."
WORD FAMILY
illustrator: illustrators+/ illustrate: illustrated, illustrates, illustrating, illustration, illustrative, illustrator / illustration: illustrations/ illustrative: illustratively
USAGE EXAMPLES
His mask - which he painted himself, based on drawings by a local illustrator - features caricatures of the team’s other equipment men.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
His mask — which he painted himself, based on drawings by a local illustrator — features caricatures of the team’s other equipment men.
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
He attended a progressive boarding school in Letchworth before studying at several art schools and embarking on a seven-year career as a painter and illustrator.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. 插图画家
分布：插图画家(100%)
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable
■a person who draws pictures, especially for books （尤指书籍的）插图画家
n. 插图画家；说明者；图解者
 - elucidator, expositor

Word: impermeable
Front: impermeable
[ɪmˈpɜ:miəbl] (托宝 26837/33124)
Vocabulary: impermeable
(once / 29184 pages)
adj
If you have a waterproof raincoat, you could say that your coat is impermeable to the rain. Something that is impermeable does not allow water or liquid to pass through it.
Made up of the prefix im-, meaning “not,” and the adjective permeable, meaning “allowing to pass through,” impermeable is used in much the same way as impervious or impenetrable. However, more so than these words, impermeable is especially associated with liquids and is often used in a scientific or technical context. Some gadgets, like waterproof watches and underwater cameras, are designed to be impermeable.
WORD FAMILY
impermeable: impermeability, impermeableness, impermeably+/ permeability: permeabilities/ permeable: impermeable, permeability, permeableness, semipermeable/ permeate: permeable, permeated, permeates, permeating, permeation, permeative/permeating: permeatingly/permeation: permeations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Typically, fracking involves injections into impermeable rock layers that inhibit the spread of fluid and increase pore pressure.
Science Magazine(Nov 18, 2016)
No wall is impermeable, and more Mexicans have left the United States than entered since the Great Recession of 2008.
Washington Post(Nov 13, 2016)
Fossilized bones have been subject to mineralization — the organic material is literally replaced with rock — which makes them impermeable to most X-rays.
Washington Post(Sep 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 不可渗透的，透不过的
分布：不能渗透的(54%)，不渗透性的(46%)
→im-,不，非，permeable,可渗透的。
US [-'pɝ:-] adjective
■not allowing liquid or gas to go through 不可渗透的；不透气的
• an impermeable membrane 防渗薄膜

Word: honeycomb
Front: honeycomb
[ˈhʌnikəʊm] (22513/23000)
Back: n. 蜂窝，蜂巢
vt. 使成蜂巢状；把…弄得千疮百孔
adj. 似蜂巢的
vi. 变成蜂巢状
时态：honeycombed, honeycombing, honeycombs
分布：蜂窝(96%)，成蜂窝状(2%)，使布满小孔(1%)，蜂窝状物(1%)
→honey,蜂蜜，comb,梳子，梳齿。比喻用法。
US [-koʊm] noun
countable or uncountable
■a wax structure containing many small holes which is made by bees to store their honey 蜂巢，蜂窝
countable
■something with a similar structure 蜂巢状物
• The hotel complex was a honeycomb of rooms and courtyards (= there were many small rooms and passages). 这家饭店像一个由房间和庭院组成的蜂巢。
n. [纺] [蜂] 蜂巢，蜂巢状之物
 - comb

Word: helmsman
Front: helmsman
[ˈhelmzmən] (26879/26357)
Back: n. 舵手
分布：舵手(94%)，操舵员(6%)
→即转舵的人。
noun countable
■a person who directs a ship or boat, using a handle or wheel 舵手
n. 舵手
 - timoneer, steersman

Word: indeterminate
Front: indeterminate
[ˌɪndɪˈtɜ:mɪnət] (宝 16129/15116)
Vocabulary: indeterminate
(once / 5108 pages)
adj
Indeterminate means not known or decided. When someone contracts a rare stomach parasite but has not been traveling internationally, you might say it had indeterminate origins.
It's important to distinguish indeterminate from undetermined, which means not yet decided. When you buy an antique vase and don't know when it dates from, you might describe it as of an indeterminate era. If you are traveling and don't know when you plan to return home, you could say that your return is as yet undetermined.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
indeterminate / indeterminable
Understanding the nuances of this word pair, indeterminate and indeterminable, hinges on understanding the words' parts. The root word, determine, means to establish something. The prefix in- in this case means not. Both –ate and –able create adjectives, -ate meaning having the characteristics of and –able meaning to be able.
Indeterminate, then, means not (in-) having the characteristics of (-ate) being fixed (determine): not fixed. Indefinite. Not determined. As in:
Prisoners on indeterminate sentences 'left in limbo' over parole dates
A man of indeterminate age peeks out of a cut-glass window.
For no discernibly good reason, I am back on Twitter for an indeterminate period of time.
Indeterminable means not (in-) able to (-able) establish (determine): incapable of being fixed or determined. Such as:
This equated to 1082 votes for and 102 against, with two ballots indeterminable.
However, there are those movies that fall into that rare category of indeterminable.
I said before how if B existed inside of the mold by itself, B's size would be indeterminable because it rests inside of infinity, which it can't be compared to.
Remember: if something isn't fixed, it's indeterminate. If it can't be fixed, it's indeterminable.
WORD FAMILY
indeterminate: indeterminable, indeterminacy, indeterminately, indeterminateness+/ determinate: determinately, determinateness, determinative, indeterminate /determinative: determinatively, determinatives/ indeterminable: indeterminably
USAGE EXAMPLES
He believes we should allow for three categories on passports and other documents: “male, female, and indeterminate.”
New York Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Set in an artfully cluttered attic, the piece is about a woman of indeterminate age who revisits Christmases of her past.
New York Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Larrain delights in the beauty of bringing an audience to “that indeterminate place.”
Seattle Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 不定的，不明确的; 模糊的
分布：不确定的(86%)，含混的(14%)
→in-,不，非，determinable,可确定的。
US [-'tɝ:-] adjective
■not measured, counted or clearly described 不确定的；不明确的
• An indeterminate number of workers have already been exposed to the danger. 一些工人已处在这种危险中，具体人数尚不清楚。
• a man of indeterminate age 年龄不详的男子
adj. [数] 不确定的；模糊的；含混的
 - fuzzy, dark, vague, unsure

Word: inbox
Front: inbox
[ˈɪnbɒks] None
Back: n. 收信信箱
分布：收件箱(100%)
→in-,进入，使，box,盒子。用于指电子邮件收件箱。

Word: inarticulate
Front: inarticulate
[ˌɪnɑ:ˈtɪkjələt] (21990/20680)
Vocabulary: inarticulate
(once / 2156 pages)
adj
Use the adjective inarticulate to describe poor communication skills, like at your most inarticulate moments when you nervously fumble to find the right word and completely forget to make your most important point.
Inarticulate sounds — a grunt, cry, scream, snort, wail, howl, moan, sob, snicker — are heard but not easily understood. If something is inarticulate, it is hard to get the meaning, like an inarticulate speech whose main idea can't be found. Creative works can also be inarticulate, when it isn't clear what — if anything — they are trying to express, like a painter whose gallery show that is called "inarticulate" by a critic: You can't grasp what the artist is trying to say.
WORD FAMILY
inarticulate: inarticulately+/ articulate: articulated, articulately, articulateness, articulates, articulating, articulation, articulative, articulator, articulatory, disarticulate, inarticulate, unarticulate/ articulated: unarticulated/ articulation: articulations/articulator: articulators/disarticulate: disarticulated, disarticulating
USAGE EXAMPLES
There is more of a bromance —  if an inarticulate, kind of embarrassed one —  between the partners than in other versions.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 31, 2016)
He may be handsome and charming and mechanically adept, but he’s rather dull and inarticulate with no defined personality.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
He spoke like an inarticulate ninth-grader with Pakistan’s prime minister, according to that country’s readout.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 不善辞令的; 笨口拙舌; 嘴笨
分布：说不出话的(51%)，不善言辞的(25%)，含糊其辞的(12%)，非言语能表达的(12%)
→in-,不，非，articulate,连贯的。
US [-ɑ:r-] adjective
■unable to express feelings or ideas clearly, or expressed in a way that is difficult to understand 不善辞令的，口齿不清的
• When it comes to expressing their emotions, most men are hopelessly inarticulate. 大多数男人在表达自己的感情时显得笨嘴拙舌。
• His speech was inarticulate and it was obvious he had been drinking. 他讲话口齿不清，很明显他喝酒了。
adj. 口齿不清的；说不出话的； [动] [无脊椎] 无关节的
 - speechless, jointless

Word: ingest
Front: ingest
[ɪnˈdʒest] (宝 14304/21569 -1)
Vocabulary: ingest
(once / 11398 pages)
v
When you ingest something, you swallow it or otherwise consume it. If you don't ingest enough iron, you'll feel tired and weak and you'll look pale.
Trees ingest carbon dioxide, and humans ingest the oxygen that trees in turn produce. We also ingest a lot of other things, like French fries, ice cream, and root beer. You can also use this word to mean "take in information," like when you ingest the details of your history book. Ingest has a Latin root, ingestus, "poured in," from in-, "into," and gerere, "to carry."
WORD FAMILY
ingest: ingested, ingesting, ingestion, ingests+/ingestion: ingestions
USAGE EXAMPLES
On New Year’s Day in 1961, Leary’s team ingested mushrooms in his living room.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
The plant is highly toxic to people and most animals if ingested.
Seattle Times(Dec 23, 2016)
When ingested by humans, paraquat is often fatal.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: vt. 咽下; 获取（某事物）; 吸收; 接待
时态：ingested, ingesting, ingests
分布：摄取(85%)，咽下(15%)
→in-,进入，使，-gest,拿，带，词源同digest,gesture.引申词义摄入，吸收。
【记】in里面，gest带，管子－带进肚子里面－咽下
【参】congestion（n 拥塞；充血）；digest（v 消化）
【反】expel（v 驱逐；发射）；disgorge（v 吐出；呕吐）；excrete（vt 排泄）
[ɪn'dʒest] specialized
verb transitive
■to eat or drink something 摄取，咽下（食物）
• The chemicals can be poisonous if ingested. 这些化学制品如果摄入体内可能会引起中毒。
vt. 摄取；咽下；吸收；接待
 - absorb, receive

Word: indium
Front: indium
[ˈɪndiəm] (36456/-)
Back: n. 铟
分布：名词(100%)

Word: intravenous
Front: intravenous
[ˌɪntrəˈvi:nəs] (12812/10864 -1)
Vocabulary: intravenous
(once / 14924 pages)
adj
If you're severely dehydrated, your nurse will rig up an intravenous drip to get liquid into you: she'll skip your mouth and plug directly into your veins.
Intravenous can be broken down to intra-, meaning "within" or "via," and venous, meaning "of the veins." Often in hospitals you will be given water or nutrients from intravenous drips — you've surely seen these on TV if not at the hospital: plastic bags of liquid connected to a tube going into someone's arm. It's a way to get needed stuff into your body without waiting for the digestive system to handle it.
WORD FAMILY
intravenous: intravenously
USAGE EXAMPLES
He needed intravenous fluids to combat a virus early in the week.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
In other countries, methadone programs are used both to treat and to monitor patients infected by intravenous needles.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
In other countries, methadone programs are used both to treat and to monitor patients infected by the sharing of intravenous needles.
Seattle Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 进入静脉的; 静脉注射的
分布：静脉注射的(70%)，静脉的(30%)
→intra-,在内，-ven,静脉，词源同vein,venous.
[ˌɪn.trə'vi:.nəs] (abbreviation IV)
adjective
■into or connected to a vein 进入静脉的；静脉的
• intravenous feeding/fluids 静脉进食／输液
• an intravenous drip/injection. 静脉滴注／注射
• Intravenous drug users are at particular risk of contracting the disease. 使用静脉注射的吸毒者特别容易感染这种病。

Word: inheritor
Front: inheritor
[ɪnˈherɪtə(r)] (24736/22249)
Back: n. 继承人，后继者
分布：继承人(84%)，后继者(16%)
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable
■a person who has been given something by someone who is dead 继承人
• figurative We are the inheritors of Greek and Roman culture. 我们是希腊罗马文化的继承者。
n. [法] 继承人；后继者
 - heir, haeres

Word: invidious
Front: invidious
[ɪnˈvɪdiəs] (宝 26230/21156)
Vocabulary: invidious
(once / 4702 pages)
adj
Something can be described as invidious when it is resentful, discriminatory or envious, as in: "Fred was angered by the invidious gossip about his divorce being spread by his ex-wife's allies."
The adjective invidious is used to describe an act, thought, opinion or critique that is full of ill will or prejudice. It comes from a Latin word that means "hostile." When the captain of a cheerleading squad says nasty things about an opposing cheer captain's new party dress, those are invidious comments.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
insidious / invidious
Neither insidious nor invidious are happy words: insidious describes something that lies in wait to get you, and invidious is something offensive or defamatory. Cancer can be insidious, lurking in your body without your knowing it. Invidious doesn't hide; it's hateful right away.
Insidious didn't fall too far from the tree – it comes directly from the Latin word insidiosus meaning "deceitful, cunning, artful," from insidiae  "plot, snare, ambush."  Something insidious can even be attractive while doing harm, like an insidious plot to befriend your crush's girlfriend, so you can break them up. But often it's not attractive, just sneaky:
Storms like Agnes and Irene are insidious, often striking slowly over time in ways that can be unpredictable and far more damaging than anticipated. (Salon)
An insidious new email virus infiltrated high-profile US companies Thursday. (Toronto Star)
Rather, it is the insidious silence and insensitivity that surrounds so many of the most excruciating diseases of the mind that so often trigger suicide. (CNN)
Invidious comes from the Latin for ill will or envy. Some bouncers probably love the invidious task of not letting good-looking people into their clubs. It's often paired with segregation, but other things can be invidious as well:
Arnold is in an invidious position, and has tried to create a very different type of museum on the proverbial shoestring. (New York Times)
"After an old-fashioned, all-round team performance ... it might seem invidious to single out one player," admits the paper before singling out one player. (Guardian)
The cheap shots against the Democrats and Obama at the beginning were unnecessary and invidious. (Washington Post)
Joining the cheerleading squad so you can poison the football team is insidious. Yelling, "Teams like yours always lose!" at the game is invidious.
WORD FAMILY
invidious: invidiously
USAGE EXAMPLES
One reason may be that it finds itself in an invidious position.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 14, 2016)
That ruling also invoked the Equal Protection Clause, which bars the government from engaging in irrational or invidious discrimination.
Slate(Oct 30, 2016)
It’s about invidious distinctions, the ways men compare themselves to other men and come up short.
New York Times(Oct 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 会招致不满的，激起怨恨的
分布：招人嫉妒的(60%)，惹人反感的(40%)
→词源同envy,羡慕。引申词义羡慕的，引人反感的，招人嫉妒的等。拼写比较inimical,enemy,imperial,empire.
招嫉妒的;有害的(in不+vid+jous→看上去不好的→有害的)[vis,vid=see表示"看"]
【记】in不，vid看，ious－不值得看的－招人反感的
【参】provident（adj 有远见的）
【反】beneficial（adj 受益的；有益的）
[ɪn'vɪd.i.əs] formal
adjective
■likely to cause unhappiness or be unpleasant, especially because unfair （尤指由于不公）可能招致不满的，易引起反感的
• Such a difficult choice placed her in an invidious position. 如此为难的选择使她处于一个易招人反感的境地。
adj. 诽谤的；不公平的；引起反感的；易招嫉妒的
 - partial, unfair

Word: itchy
Front: itchy
[ˈɪtʃi] (18715/21021)
Vocabulary: itchy
(once / 24220 pages)
adj
If you're itchy, you've got a rash or a spot on your skin that you really want to scratch. Mosquito bites are notoriously itchy, and the least fun thing about summer time.
Poison ivy, hives, bug bites, sunburn, lice — all of these things make you itchy, and it might even make you feel itchy just to think about them. A figurative way to be itchy is to be antsy or restless, and if someone has "itchy feet," it means they like to roam or travel, staying on the move. If, on the other hand, they have "itchy palms," they can't be trusted not to steal things.
WORD FAMILY
itchy: itchily, itchiness+/ itch: itched, itches, itching, itchy /itching: itchings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Dry, itchy skin is a common companion when the humidity drops, especially as we get older.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
The itchy biters, nightmarishly difficult to eradicate, almost drove her back to Silver Spring right then and there.
Washington Times(Dec 17, 2016)
According to the internet, in Estonian her name means “itchy”.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: adj. （使）发痒的; 渴望旅行（或搬家、换工作等）
级别：itchier, itchiest
分布：痒的(100%)
adjective
■having or causing an itch
• The sweater was itchy (= made me itch). 这件羊毛衫使人发痒。
• The dust made me feel itchy all over. 尘土使我浑身发痒。
['ɪtʃ.i] adjective
get itchy feet UK informal
■to start to want to travel or do something different 开始渴望旅行（或做别的事情）
• After three years in the job she began to get itchy feet. 这份工作做了三年后，她开始想换工作。
adj. 发痒的；渴望的
 - eager, hungry, desired, anxious, sick

Word: lakh
Front: lakh
[læk] None
Back: n. 十万，十万卢比
分布：十万(50%)，多数(50%)
number
■an Indian English word for one hundred thousand 十万
• The total cost of the project is around Rs 50 lakh. 这项工程的总造价约为500万卢比。
n. （印）十万；十万卢比；多数
 - majority, multitude

Word: joiner
Front: joiner
[ˈdʒɔɪnə(r)] (22500/15604)
Back: n. 工匠
分布：木匠(70%)，社团活跃分子(30%)
→来自join,连接，接合。
US [-nɚ] noun countable
■a skilled worker who makes the wooden structures inside buildings, such as doors and window frames 木匠，木工
■informal
■a person who likes to get involved in activities and become a member of organizations 热衷团体活动的人
• I don't think you'll persuade David to come along to tonight's meeting - he's not much of a joiner. 我认为你不大可能说服到大卫来参加今晚的会议——他不是很热衷聚会活动。
n. 接合者；工匠
 - craftsman, workman

Word: lathe
Front: lathe
[leɪð] (六托宝 21462/16188 -1)
Back: n. 车床，机床
vt. 用车床加工
分布：车床(99%)，用车床加工(1%)
→词源不详，可能来自lade,装载，承载，原用来指钻子，后引申词义车床。
【记】读：累死。让你累死得工作－车床。
noun countable
■a machine for changing the shape of a piece of wood, metal, etc. which works by turning the material while a sharp tool is pressed against it 车床，旋床
n. [机] 车床；机床
 - tool, turning machine

Word: lacquer
Front: lacquer
[ˈlækə(r)] (17476/21568 -1)
Vocabulary: lacquer
(once / 4462 pages)
nv
Lacquer is a clear liquid that is painted on a surface and dries hard and shiny. Lacquer can be used to protect wood.
Wooden furniture or art objects made from wood are sometimes coated with lacquer. The lacquer makes the wood glossy and protects it from scratches and nicks. In Eastern Asia, there is a tradition of making decorative objects called "lacquerware," boxes, buttons, and other items that are made of wood and coated in lacquer. Lacquer comes from a now-obsolete French word, lacre, a type of sealing wax, and is ultimately rooted in the Sanskrit laksha, "red dye."
WORD FAMILY
lacquer: lacquered, lacquering, lacquers
USAGE EXAMPLES
The place was snugly feral, lacquered with graffiti, some of it added during shooting.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
The lacquer is light reflective while the desert horizon progressively blurs.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 14, 2016)
What we got was an oval plate of lacquered, skin-on bird parts — and nothing else.
Washington Post(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: n. 漆，天然漆; 漆器
vt. 涂漆于; 使…表面或外观光滑
时态：lacquered, lacquering, lacquers
分布：漆(81%)，漆器(16%)，涂漆(1%)，天然漆(1%)，使 ... 表面或外观光滑(1%)
→词源同lac,紫胶，后用来指红漆，漆。
US [-ɚ] noun uncountable
WOOD/METAL 木材／金属
■a liquid which is painted on wood or metal and forms a hard, shiny, protective surface when it dries （用于木材或金属表面的）漆，亮漆
UK ['læk.ər] US [-ɚ] noun uncountable
HAIR 头发 (also hair lacquer) UK for
■ hair spray
vt. 涂漆；使表面光泽
 - paint coating
n. [涂料] 漆；漆器
 - japan, lacker

Word: keyword
Front: keyword
[ˈki:wɜ:d] (15397/8378)
Back: n. 关键字; 关键词
分布：关键字(100%)
→key,关键，word,词。
n. [计] [图情] 关键字
 - reserved words

Word: linn
Front: linn
[lɪn] None
Back: n. 瀑布，峡谷，绝壁
分布：瀑布(38%)，溪谷(37%)，绝壁(25%)
n. 溪谷；绝壁；瀑布
 - valley, fall, cliff

Word: lederhosen
Front: lederhosen
['leɪdəˌhəʊzən] (39854/-)
Back: n. 皮短裤
分布：皮短裤(100%)

Word: legalese
Front: legalese
[ˌli:gəˈli:z] (32056/-)
Back: n. 法律措辞，法律术语
分布：法律术语(66%)，法律措辞(34%)
→来自legal,法律的，-ese,语言。
[ˌli:.gəl'i:z] disapproving
noun uncountable
■language used by lawyers and in legal documents, which is difficult for ordinary people to understand 法律用语，法律术语
n. 法律术语，法律措辞
 - legal terms

Word: leninism

Word: libertine
Front: libertine
[ˈlɪbəti:n] (宝 34433/43454)
Vocabulary: libertine
(once / 4026 pages)
adjn
If you drink a lot, eat a lot, and live a wild and unrestrained life, you might be called a libertine.
A libertine is someone who lives life unencumbered by morals. Although it can be used neutrally, often if someone calls you a libertine, they disapprove of your lack of morality. In the fourteenth century, a libertine was "a freed slave," from the Latin liber, "free." Starting in the mid-1500s, libertine had a religious and political connotation, referring to group that opposed Calvinism. By the nineteenth century, the word became strongly associated with immorality and debauchery.
WORD FAMILY
libertine: libertines
USAGE EXAMPLES
And one of the first examples comes Friday night on that most libertine of cable outlets, HBO.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
“It can get to minus 40,” said Ellen Libertine, Stanley’s chamber coordinator.
Washington Times(Nov 06, 2016)
The evolution of Smith—from libertine upstart to respectable mogul—in many ways mirrors the rehabilitation of Villa Ruchello, following decades of hard use.
Wall Street Journal(Sep 06, 2016)
Back: n. 放荡不羁的人，淫荡的人
adj. 放荡的，自由思想的
分布：浪荡子(32%)，性行为放纵者(26%)，放荡的(26%)，持自由思想者(8%)，不务正业的(8%)
→来自liberty,放肆，引申词义放肆无礼的人，浪荡公子。
浪荡子(liber+tine→自由之人→浪荡子)[liber=free,表示"自由"]
放荡者(liberty自由+ine)[-ine 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人或女人"3.表名词"状态,药物等"]
【记】liber自由，tine－自由人－浪荡子
【反】ascetic（n 禁欲者；adj 苦行的）
US [-ɚ-] formal disapproving
noun countable
■a person, usually a man, who lives in a way that is not moral, having sexual relationships with many people 放荡鬼，浪荡子
n. 浪荡子；性行为放纵者；放荡不羁者；玩乐者；自由思想家
 - debauchee, dissipater
adj. 放荡的
 - gay, dissolute

Word: layabout
Front: layabout
[ˈleɪəbaʊt] (39536/33575)
Back: n. 无业游民，游手好闲之徒
分布：游手好闲的人(100%)
→比喻用法。
['leɪ.əˌbaʊt] informal
noun countable
■a person who is unwilling to work 游手好闲的人
n. 懒汉；游荡的人
 - soldier, idler

Word: luna
Front: luna
[ˈlu:nə] (-/27534)
Back: n. 月亮；月神
分布：月神(55%)，月(45%)
n. 月亮；月神
 - moon, parish lantern

Word: lotion
Front: lotion
[ˈləʊʃn] (10544/15208 -1)
Back: n. 洗液，洗剂; 护肤液，乳液
分布：洗剂(40%)，乳液(33%)，洗液(21%)，护肤液(6%)
→来自拉丁语lotio,清洗，词源同lava,dilute,antediluvian.引申词义洁肤液，润肤乳等。
US ['loʊ-] noun countable or uncountable
■a liquid that you put on your skin in order to protect it, improve its condition or make it smell pleasant 护肤油，润肤露
• suntan lotion 防晒油
n. 洗液；洗涤剂
 - washing liquor, washer liquid

Word: manhandle
Front: manhandle
[ˈmænhændl] (24564/20956)
Vocabulary: manhandle
(once / 24023 pages)
v
When you manhandle something, you pick it up, push it, or pull it roughly. You might gasp watching movers manhandle your fragile furniture as they load it into a moving van.
You can manhandle things, and you can also manhandle people, shoving or grabbing them. If security workers at the airport manhandle a little old lady, nearby passengers will probably speak up in her defense. This current meaning arose in the late nineteenth century — earlier, manhandle meant "attack an enemy," and before that, "wield a tool."
WORD FAMILY
manhandle: manhandled, manhandles, manhandling
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Manhandled,” Gruden said of what happened to his own ground attack.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
Wilson was sacked five times in the first half as the Cardinals simply manhandled the Seahawks up front.
Seattle Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Nebraska tried to get physical with the Bruins only to get manhandled in the final minutes.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: vt. 粗暴地对待，虐待; 撕打
时态：manhandled, manhandling, manhandles
分布：人工推动(34%)，粗暴地对付(33%)，用人力搬动(33%)
→man,人，男人，handle,操纵，操作。原指挥舞武器，攻击敌人，后用于航海术语用人力或蛮力移动或举起，并由此引申俚语词义粗暴对待。
verb transitive
HANDLE ROUGHLY 粗暴处理
■to touch or hold someone roughly and with force, often when taking them somewhere （粗暴地）对待，推挤
• There were complaints that the police had manhandled some of the demonstrators. 有人投诉警方粗暴对待一些示威者。
[ˌmæn'hæn.dl] verb transitive
MOVE 移动
■to move something using the physical strength of the body 用人力搬动
• Several pieces of heavy equipment had to be manhandled into the lorry. 几件重型设备必须由人力搬上卡车。

Word: mackerel
Front: mackerel
[ˈmækrəl] (16460/15554 -1)
Back: n. 鲭（产于北大西洋），马鲛鱼
分布：鲭鱼(58%)，鲭(42%)
→来自古法语maquerel,皮条客，中介，中间人，进一步词源不详。可能来自古日耳曼语，词源同make，-erel,小词后缀。取make做爱词义，因这种鱼在夏季会成群游到海岸附近产卵，场面壮观，给古人留人一种这种鱼情爱习惯特别热烈的印象，因而得名。
noun countable or uncountable (plural mackerel or mackerels)
■a sea fish that can be eaten and which has a strong taste 鲭，鲐（一种味道很浓的食用海鱼）
• smoked mackerel 熏鲭鱼

Word: loopy
Front: loopy
[ˈlu:pi] (23073/35056)
Vocabulary: loopy
(once / 39530 pages)
1adj 2adj
Someone who's loopy is batty or nutty — in other words, not the picture of mental health. You might get so tired after staying up late to study for a test that you start to act goofy and giggly and a little bit loopy.
Even if you are completely sane, you can still act loopy when you're embarrassed or tired or just being silly. You might love the circus because of the loopy music and the painted-on, loopy smiles of the clowns. Or maybe you're a fan of loopy comedies, films that feature characters with harebrained ideas that backfire in ridiculous ways. This informal meaning dates from the early 20th century — earlier, the word meant "deceitful."
WORD FAMILY
loopy: loopier, loopiest+/ loop: looped, looper, looping, loops, loopy /looper: loopers/looping: loopings
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The Mikado: Re-Imagined,” which opens at the Kaye Playhouse at Hunter College on December 28th, leaves Gilbert & Sullivan’s music and loopy story line unchanged.
The New Yorker(Dec 27, 2016)
The Clippers finished with 14 turnovers that knocked them loopy.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 07, 2016)
But this year’s aggressively silly 1980s amusement park setting - with David Hasselhoff playing a DJ - is worth repeat visits to uncover its loopy secrets.
Washington Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 多圈的，一圈的
级别：loopier, loopiest
分布：多圈的(30%)，疯狂的(30%)，糊涂的(25%)，十分愤怒的(15%)
→来自loop,圈，环，即多圈的，多环的，后用于比喻义把人逼疯的，发疯的。
['lu:.pi] informal
adjective
■strange, unusual or silly 怪异的；傻的
• He must have gone completely loopy to give up a job like that. 他肯定傻了，竟然放弃那样的好工作。
adj. 多圈的；呆头呆脑的
 - multiturn, leather-headed

Word: mal
Front: mal
[mɑ:l] (-/25719)
Back: n. <法>病，疾病，不适
分布：不正常的(50%)，坏的(50%)
n. （法）病，不适
 - illness, disease

Word: mounty

Word: misspell
Front: misspell
[ˌmɪsˈspel] (40940/-)
Vocabulary: misspell
(once / 10278 pages)
v
When you misspell something, you spell it worng. Whoops. Sorry about that — When you misspell something, you spell it wrong.
When you have the letters in the wrong order or you don't have the right letters, you misspell. How humiliating it would be to misspell this word! Just remember that you need two s's — the one in mis- (as in mistake or mishandle), meaning to do something the wrong way, and the s in spell.
WORD FAMILY
misspell: misspelled, misspelling, misspells, misspelt+/misspelling: misspellings/ spell: misspell, spelled, speller, spelling, spells, unspell/speller: spellers/spelling: spellings/unspell: unspelled
USAGE EXAMPLES
A previous version of this story misspelled Shurtz’s last name.
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
The first version of the tweet misspelled unprecedented as "unpresidented," which is not a word.
Washington Post(Dec 19, 2016)
“There were a lot of policy wonks involved, not branding people, and that shows. I’ve misspelled the word “indivisible” several times.”
The New Yorker(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: vt. 拼写错
n. 拼写错误
时态：misspelt, misspelling, misspells
分布：拼错(100%)
→mis-,坏的，错的，不好的，spell,拼写。
拼写错误(mis+spell拼写)[mis-表示"错误,坏"]
[ˌmɪs'spel] (misspelled or UK misspelt, misspelled or UK misspelt) UK
verb transitive
■to fail to spell a word correctly 拼错，写错

Word: melilla

Word: mercado

Word: mournful
Front: mournful
[ˈmɔ:nfl] (托宝 15738/19876 -1)
Vocabulary: mournful
(once / 460 pages)
adj
A mournful person is someone who is full of sorrow, like a little girl who has just lost her new puppy.
Mournful is a word that is often associated with someone who has experienced the death of someone close to them. A person would feel mournful if their loved one had just died. Mournful can also describe the expression of sad feelings, like a person dressed in black and sobbing into a handkerchief. You would not be mournful if you had just failed a quiz, but you would be mournful if your twenty-year marriage had just failed.
WORD FAMILY
mournful: mournfulest, mournfully, mournfulness+/ mourn: mourned, mourner, mournful, mourning, mourns/mourned: unmourned/ mourner: mourners/ mourning: mourningly, mournings
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I would like to get the frog off the hate database,” Furie said, in perhaps the most mournful quotation of the year.
The Guardian(Dec 30, 2016)
But his commercial instincts and pop craftsmanship were still in evidence, from the Beatles-esque harmonies of Heal The Pain to the mournful Praying For Time.
BBC(Dec 26, 2016)
Russia observed a national day of mourning on Monday, with the main government television channels repeatedly playing mournful music and eulogizing those killed.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: adj. 哀痛的，令人伤心的; 悲伤的; 使人伤心（沮丧）的; 凄凄切切
分布：悲哀的(72%)，悲恸的(14%)，令人惋惜的(14%)
→来自mourn,哀悼，悲伤。
【记】源于：mourn（v 哀悼；服丧）
【反】jovial（adj 快活高兴的）；revelry（n 狂欢）－mournfulness
US ['mɔ:rn-] adjective
■very sad 忧伤的；悲痛的；凄楚的
• a mournful expression 忧伤的表情
• mournful music 哀婉的乐曲
adj. 悲哀的；令人惋惜的
 - sad, threnetical

Word: midwinter
Front: midwinter
[ˌmɪdˈwɪntə(r)] (22636/23717)
Back: n. 仲冬，冬至; 隆冬
分布：冬至(45%)，仲冬(36%)，冬至期(19%)
→mid-,中间的，winter,冬天。
US [-tˌɚ] noun uncountable
■the middle of the winter 仲冬
• Temperatures can drop well below freezing in midwinter. 仲冬时，温度有时会下降至比零度还要低得多的程度。
■the winter solstice , the particular day of the year on which it is light for the shortest period of time (22 December in northern parts of the world, 21 June in southern parts of the world) 冬至
• They celebrate midwinter by lighting candles. 他们点燃蜡烛庆祝冬至。
n. 仲冬；冬至；冬至期
 - December solstice

Word: nobleman
Front: nobleman
[ˈnəʊblmən] (21602/15283)
Back: n. 贵族
分布：贵族(100%)
US ['noʊ-] noun countable
■a member of the nobility (= the highest social rank in a society) 贵族（成员）
n. 贵族
 - prince, nobility, aristocrat

Word: nitride
Front: nitride
['naɪtraɪd] (35073/-)
Back: n. 氮化物
分布：氮化物(100%)

Word: musty
Front: musty
[ˈmʌsti] (宝 15457/21016)
Vocabulary: musty
(once / 2709 pages)
adj
Musty is an unclean, stale and possibly moldy smell. If something smells musty that means it’s probably been sitting in a damp corner without any air for a little too long.
Musty smells take time to develop: they’re caused by dampness and mold, and signal some amount of decay. You might also call the smell of a musty old basement rank or foul. But people also use musty to insult someone’s writing, or their ideas. A musty speech wouldn’t just be old-fashioned, it would be old in a bad way: rotten and boring.
WORD FAMILY
musty: mustier, mustiest, mustily, mustiness+/ must: musts, musty
USAGE EXAMPLES
Far from being musty, the book spills over with astonishing moments.
The New Yorker(Dec 28, 2016)
The wellness centre stocks plentiful detox books locked in a cabinet that smells musty.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
“Office Christmas Party” is basically a musty old gift wrapped in shiny new paper.
Washington Post(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 发霉的; 陈腐的; 乏味的; 陈旧的
级别：mustier, mustiest
分布：发霉的(76%)，落伍的(12%)，霉臭的(12%)
→可能来自moist,潮湿的，有湿气的，-y,形容词后缀。引申词义受潮的，发霉的，散发霉臭味的。
adjective
■smelling unpleasantly old and slightly wet 发霉的；有霉味的
• musty old books 发霉的旧书
• a musty smell 霉味
• a musty room 有霉味的房间
adj. 发霉的；落伍的；冷淡的
 - cold, moldy

Word: musket
Front: musket
[ˈmʌskɪt] (宝 15068/24181 -1)
Vocabulary: musket
(once / 480 pages)
n
A musket is a long, front-loaded, over-the-shoulder gun. Muskets have been used in many wars, such as the American Civil War.
There are many types of guns. One that's gone out of style is the musket. This weapon of choice for infantrymen was distinctive in a few ways. It was fired over your shoulder (or sometimes mounted on a stand), and it had a very long barrel. It was also muzzle-loaded, which means it was loaded through the front of the gun, not the back, like most contemporary guns.
WORD FAMILY
musket: musketeer, muskets+/musketeer: musketeers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Most notorious, tribal warriors seized muskets from the battlefield dead.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Also, Pilgrims are shown with muskets, and Native Americans are shown with spears.
Washington Post(Nov 17, 2016)
The fort had capacity for a garrison of 1,600 infantrymen with access to numerous cannon, muskets, pikes and swords.
BBC(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: n. <史>火枪，（尤指）滑膛枪
分布：滑膛枪(100%)
→来自中古法语mousquette,雀鹰，来自拉丁语musca,蚊子，苍蝇，词源同midge,mosquito.因高飞的鹰看起来如同一只蚊子而得名。后用这种雀鹰来命名17，18世纪发明的一种新式火枪，即毛瑟枪。比较dragoon,dragon.
【记】音译词，读：毛瑟（枪）
【区】musky（adj 有麝香味的）musket是用有musky的木头做的；musty（adj 发霉的）must肯定，y外（国人）：身上有霉味。
noun countable
■a gun with a long barrel , used in the past 火枪，滑膛枪
n. 步枪；滑膛枪，毛瑟枪
 - rifle, Mauser

Word: palau

Word: nomenclature
Front: nomenclature
[nəˈmenklətʃə(r)] (19821/16744)
Vocabulary: nomenclature
(once / 3946 pages)
n
When adjusting to a new job, you may have trouble understanding the nomenclature, or system of naming things, in the workplace. Just remember: they’re “guests,” not “customers," and they push a “purchase buggy,” not a “shopping cart.”
The nomen- in nomenclature comes from the Latin word for name. Nomenclature is a system for giving names to things within a particular profession or field. For instance, you may have heard of binomial nomenclature in biology class. It refers to the way of referring to living things by two names, like calling humans Homo sapiens. Biologists all follow the same nomenclature so that they are easily understood by each other.
WORD FAMILY
nomenclature: nomenclatures
USAGE EXAMPLES
Critics say proponents deliberately minimize the dangers, starting with their use of sanitizing nomenclature like “ECT.”
Seattle Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Critics say proponents deliberately minimize the dangers — starting with their use of sanitizing nomenclature like “ECT.”
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
We’d say “that’s a lot of monkey business” were it not an unforgivable misuse of biological nomenclature.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
Back: n. 系统命名法; 命名（过程）; （某一学科的）术语; 专门名称
分布：命名(55%)，术语(28%)，命名法(17%)
→来自拉丁语nomen,名字，词源同name,clat-,呼叫，叫唤，词源同call.用于指系统命名法。
US ['noʊ.men.kleɪ.tʃɚ] specialized
noun countable or uncountable
■a system for naming things, especially in a particular area of science （尤指某一科学领域的）命名法
• (the) nomenclature of organic chemicals 有机化学物的命名法
n. 命名法； [语] 术语
 - technology, onym

Word: obediently
Front: obediently
[ə'bi:dɪəntlɪ] (19275/17125)
Back: adv. 服从地，顺从地，忠顺地
分布：顺从地(60%)，服从地(40%)
adv. 顺从地；服从地；忠顺地
 - submissively, conformably

Word: outfox
Front: outfox
[ˌaʊtˈfɒks] (宝 32225/-)
Vocabulary: outfox
(once / 85648 pages)
v
To outfox someone is to defeat them at something using quick thinking or sneaky tricks. Some of the most popular fictional detectives cleverly outfox their foes.
You can attempt to outfox your opponent at poker using tricky strategies and bluffs. A political candidate can also try to outfox a rival, either through smart debate tactics or sneakier, more underhanded means. Outfox has been used in this way since the 1930s, from the old-fashioned verb fox, "to delude or deceive," which stems from the idea (popular in folklore) of foxes being wily or tricky.
WORD FAMILY
outfox: outfoxed, outfoxes, outfoxing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Neither Bears for Leadership Reform nor anyone else concerned should be outfoxed by initial reform ideas crafted for Baylor University’s embattled Board of Regents.
Washington Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Trump outfoxed the system and won the whole thing without even getting a majority.
Salon(Nov 17, 2016)
Hillary Clinton is widely seen as having outfoxed and baited him in their first encounter, on Sept. 26.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 19, 2016)
Back: vt. <非正>智胜，以计谋胜过，比…更狡猾
时态：outfoxed, outfoxing, outfoxes
分布：以机智胜过(100%)
→out-,超过，fox,狐狸，智慧。

Word: patriarchy
Front: patriarchy
[ˈpeɪtriɑ:ki] (14962/25619 -1)
Vocabulary: patriarchy
(once / 90918 pages)
n
A patriarchy is a social system or organization run by men. If Dad always gets the last word in your house, then you're living under a patriarchy!
A patriarchy is a social or political system with one or several men in charge. It may refer to society at large or to one segment, such as the Catholic Church, with the Archbishop and Pope in positions of power. The word can also describe family systems, especially when relationships and property are determined by males. In modern times patriarchy is often considered to be oppressive to women; if you’re a feminist, then you’re definitely not a fan of patriarchy.
WORD FAMILY
patriarchy: patriarchic, patriarchies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Perhaps the reason for the disconnect isn’t just a reflection of deeply entrenched patriarchy.
Salon(Dec 26, 2016)
Mrs. Clinton’s “makeup free look,” she wrote, is “one last middle finger to the patriarchy.”
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
If fascism “now just means aggressive nationalism, racism, patriarchy and authoritarianism, then maybe it is back on the agenda,” Bosworth continues.
The Guardian(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 父权制（社会）; 家长制，家长统治; 族长政治; 族长管区
分布：父系社会(50%)，家长统治(50%)
父权政治(patri+archy)[patr(i)=father,表示"父亲"]
US [-ɑ:r-] noun countable or uncountable
■a society in which the oldest male is the leader of the family, or a society controlled by men in which they use their power to their own advantage 父权社会；男权社会
• Patriarchy has not disappeared - it has merely changed form. 父权制并没有消失——只不过是改变了形式。
• She rails against patriarchy and hierarchy. 她抨击父权制度和阶级制度。
Compare matriarchy

Word: polarise
Front: polarise
['pəʊləraɪz] (-/22856)
Back: vt. 极化（等于polarize）
时态：polarised, polarising, polarises
分布：极化(100%)

Word: patriarchate
Front: patriarchate
[ˈpeɪtriɑ:kət] (31251/44167)
Back: n. 主教的职位、任期、管区等，族长政治
分布：族长政治(67%)，主教的任期与职位等(33%)
n. 任期；宗主教区；主教的职位
 - tenure, abbacy

Word: phytoplankton
Front: phytoplankton
[faɪtəʊ'plæŋktən] (21785/30271)
Back: n. 浮游植物
分布：浮游生物(100%)

Word: penitent
Front: penitent
[ˈpenɪtənt] (宝 26032/24587)
Vocabulary: penitent
(once / 500 pages)
adjn
Penitent means deeply sorry, ashamed, and full of remorse. If you feel sorry––or just want to appear to––you should adopt a penitent manner.
Penitent comes from the Latin word paenitere, which means to repent. It can be either noun or adjective. Though it's not restricted to them, penitent often pops up in religious contexts, particularly as a noun, as in, "The penitent threw herself at the bishop's feet and begged forgiveness for her sins."
WORD FAMILY
penitent: impenitent, penitence, penitently, penitents+/ impenitent: impenitence, impenitency, impenitently/ penitence: penitences, penitential, penitentiary /penitential: penitentially/ penitentiary: penitentiaries
USAGE EXAMPLES
At the end of it all, Gabor appeared anything but penitent--or unhappy.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 19, 2016)
He is master and journeyman, penitent and shaman, depending on the moment.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
I looked at the candles in my basket — that penitent purple and that perky pink.
Washington Post(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 悔罪的，悔过的
n. 后悔者; 忏悔者
分布：忏悔的(45%)，悔罪者(28%)，悔悟的(11%)，忏悔的人(11%)，改过迁善的人(5%)
→来自拉丁语paenitere,感到遗憾，感到歉意，可能来自poena,惩罚，处罚，补偿，弥补，词源同pain,penal,punish.引申词义悔罪，忏悔。
后悔的(penit[=pen惩罚],引申为受惩罚而后悔→后悔的)[pen,pun=penalty,表示"处罚"]
【记】pen笔，it他，ent结束－他用笔把自己扎结束了－后悔
【参】penitentiary（n 监狱；adj 忏悔的）ary表示地点，后悔的地点－监狱
【反】impenitent（adj 不悔悟的；顽固的）－contrite（adj 深感懊悔的）
['pen.ɪ.tənt] formal
adjective
■showing that you are sorry for something you have done because you feel it was wrong 悔过的，忏悔的
• "I'm sorry," she said with a penitent smile. “对不起，”她歉疚地笑着说。
• It was hard to be angry with him when he looked so penitent. 当时他看来是那么懊悔，很难对他发火。
['pen.ɪ.tənt] formal
noun countable
■a person who is performing a formal religious act to show that they are sorry for something they have done wrong 悔罪者，忏悔者
adj. 忏悔的，悔过的
 - confessional
n. 悔罪者，忏悔者
 - confessor, mourner

Word: quad
Front: quad
[kwɒd] (11082/24445)
Vocabulary: quad
(once / 3723 pages)
1n 2n 3n 4n
A quad is a rectangular shaped area, especially on a university campus, that's enclosed by buildings. Your college friend might tell you to meet her in the quad after lunch.
Quad is an abbreviation, most commonly short for quadrangle, a kind of four-sided courtyard usually defined by a large lawn and surrounded by buildings. Another kind of quad — also an abbreviation — is the large muscle in the top of your thigh, more formally known as a quadriceps muscle. Quadrangle and its nickname, quad, were 1800's Oxford slang, from the Latin root quadri, or "four."
WORD FAMILY
quad: quads
USAGE EXAMPLES
By way of comparison, in one year, 2011, the United States used about 97 quads.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
He missed two of the final three games with an injury to his left quad and didn’t even log a carry in the first game.
Washington Times(Dec 20, 2016)
The seventh-year power forward played in just 35 games last season because injuries to his left quad and right hand.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: n. 四倍; 空铅; （大学的）四周有建筑物围绕的方院; 四胞胎之一
vt. 在…填补空铅
分布：用空铅填(25%)，空铅(25%)，四方院子；四胞胎之一；嵌条；成套的四件东西(25%)，四组(25%)
US [kwɑ:d] noun countable
PERSON 人 informal for
■ quadruplet
UK [kwɒd] US [kwɑ:d] noun countable
SQUARE SPACE 四方场地，方形场地 (formal quadrangle)
■a square space outside, which has buildings on all four sides, especially in a school or college （尤指中小学或大学中周围有建筑物的）四方院，四方场地
n. 四方院子；四胞胎之一；嵌条；成套的四件东西
 - platband

Word: pullout
Front: pullout
['pu:lˌɑʊt] (14704/-)
Back: n. 撤退; 拔; 拉; 离去
分布：撤离(42%)，拔出(34%)，可撤离的(6%)，飞机从俯冲改为水平飞行的动作(6%)，可取出的(6%)，书刊中可取下的部分(6%)
n. 拔；撤离；飞机进场重新飞起；折叠的大张插页
 - evacuation

Word: poplar
Front: poplar
[ˈpɒplə(r)] (14967/15027 -1)
Back: n. 杨树; 杨木
分布：白杨(82%)，白杨木(18%)
→来自古法语poplier,来自拉丁语populus,杨树，词源不详。
US ['pɑ:.plɚ] noun countable
■a tall tree with branches that form a thin pointed shape 白杨树
• a tall row of poplars 一排高大的白杨树
n. [林] 白杨； [木] 白杨木
 - alamo

Word: preferment
Front: preferment
[prɪˈfɜ:mənt] (43252/24062)
Back: n. 优先
分布：升迁(40%)，晋升(38%)，大官(22%)
→来自prefer,偏好，-ment,名词后缀。引申词义晋升，升职。
n. 晋升；优先权；酶原
 - promotion, priority

Word: protean
Front: protean
[ˈprəʊtiən] (宝 26145/34680)
Vocabulary: protean
(once / 16601 pages)
adj
When Picasso is described as a protean genius, it means that not only was he brilliant, but he changed the way he worked many times. Protean means able to change shape.
Proteus was a Greek god who could tell the future, but when he was asked a question he didn't want to answer, he would change shapes. With someone or something protean, you get all the power of shape-shifting, plus some of the menace of a god you cannot control.
WORD FAMILY
protean
USAGE EXAMPLES
And Mr. Larraín’s eye for the rugged beauty of Chile’s protean landscapes implies a similar argument.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
It also reflects the protean nature of the show itself.
New York Times(Nov 20, 2016)
His self-effacing style is less gritty naturalism than the protean largesse of a Chekhov or Shakespeare; he is constantly upstaged by his characters.
Seattle Times(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: adj. 多变的，易变的，变化多端的
分布：千变万化的(78%)，变化不定的(22%)
→来自希腊语Proteus,海神，能化身为各种形状。引申词义多变的。
【记】源于：Proteus普罗特斯，一个能任意改变自己外形的海神
【反】static（adj 静态的）
US ['proʊ.tˌi-] literary
adjective
■easily and continuously changing; variable 变化多端的，多变的
• the protean talents of this comedian 这位喜剧演员多才多艺的天赋
adj. 千变万化的；一人演几个角色的；变形虫的
 - kaleidoscopic, ever-changing

Word: refundable
Front: refundable
[rɪ'fʌndəbl] (28071/36960)
Back: adj. 可归还的，可退还的
分布：可偿还的(82%)，可退费的(18%)
adj. 可退还的；可偿还的
 - repayable, redeemable

Word: reflation

Word: quincy
Front: quincy
[ˈkwinsi] (-/44976)
Back: n. [地名] [美国] 昆西; [男子名] [英格兰人姓氏] 昆西 Quincey的变体
分布：名词(100%)

Word: regicide
Front: regicide
[ˈredʒɪsaɪd] (42271/41436)
Vocabulary: regicide
(once / 7212 pages)
n
Regicide is the killing of a king (or queen.) From the Latin regis, meaning "king" and the ancient French cide, meaning "killer." Today it can also be applied to politicians who topple a president or prime minister.
People had been killing kings and queens (think Cleopatra) long before the term regicide really took off, which was after the execution of King Charles I in England in 1649. The guy had his head chopped off, but a far worse fate awaited those who had signed off in Parliament on the head-chopping. They were hung, drawn, and quartered — i.e., cut up and hanged while still alive. Dangerous profession, regicide.
WORD FAMILY
regicide: regicides
USAGE EXAMPLES
Put bluntly, Labour has always been rubbish at regicide.
BBC(May 05, 2016)
After the regicide, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth grow further apart until not even word of her death can move him.
Los Angeles Times(Feb 28, 2016)
It must be remembered that no demon proposes regicide as the way to realize the witches' prophecy.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 28, 2015)
Back: n. 弑君者，弑君
分布：弑君(65%)，弑君者(35%)
→reg-,国君，国王，词源同 regal,-cid,杀，词源同 herbicide,suicide.
杀害国王[reg=king(国王)]
['redʒ.ɪ.saɪd] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■a person who kills a king, or the act of killing a king 弑君者；弑君

Word: quadrennial
Front: quadrennial
[kwɒd'renɪəl] (29658/-)
Back: adj. 继续四年的，每四年一次的
分布：第四周年纪念(100%)

Word: raving
Front: raving
[ˈreɪvɪŋ] (31047/32879 -1)
Back: adj. 说胡话的; 疯狂的，怒吼的; 非常漂亮的; 令人醉心[痴心]的
v. 胡言乱语(rave的现在分词)
n. 胡话; 疯话
adv. 胡言乱语地; 疯狂地
分布：疯狂的(34%)，非凡的(21%)，胡说(17%)，胡说的(14%)，动词rave的现在分词形式.(7%)，疯话(7%)
→来自 rave,发狂，发疯。
informal
adjective [before noun] adverb
■complete or extreme, or completely or extremely 十足的，绝对的；极其，完全
• He must be a raving idiot/lunatic. 他肯定是个不折不扣的白痴／疯子。
• Her last book was a raving best-seller/ success. 她最近出版的一本书非常畅销／成功。
• She's no raving beauty. 她可算不上甚么绝代美人。
• I think you're (stark) raving mad to agree to do all that extra work without being paid for it. 我觉得你答应无偿地做所有这些额外工作，纯粹是发了疯。
adj. 胡说的；疯狂的；非常漂亮的
 - crazy, possessed, mad
n. 胡说；怒吼
 - bullshit, kibosh

Word: riparian
Front: riparian
[raɪˈpeəriən] (17770/-)
Vocabulary: riparian
(once / 43776 pages)
adj
Riparian refers to anything located on or related to the banks of a river, such as riparian wildlife.
The roots of the word riparian are related to rivers, and that's exactly what this word refers to: riparian things have something to do with the banks of a river or stream. A person selling fishing lures by the river has a riparian business. A frog that lives by the river bank is a riparian critter. A riparian state is located alongside a river.
WORD FAMILY
riparian
USAGE EXAMPLES
In contrast to many countries, liberal Paraguay lets anyone purchase riparian property to set one up.
Economist(Dec 20, 2016)
But with no predator to keep them in check, elk multiplied, overgrazing the land and riparian zones.
Seattle Times(Sep 29, 2016)
India wants to increase dam-building on its side, something that could affect the flow of water to lower riparian Pakistan.
Wall Street Journal(Sep 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 河边的，水滨的; 河岸拥有人
分布：河岸的(67%)，生于河岸的(33%)
→来自拉丁语 ripa,河岸，海岸，来自 rei,撕，砍，刮，词源同 rive,river,rift.
adj. 河边的；水滨的
 - riverine

Word: resplendent
Front: resplendent
[rɪˈsplendənt] (宝 20564/18764)
Vocabulary: resplendent
(once / 1864 pages)
adj
Someone or something that is resplendent has great beauty and is a pleasure to behold. "She was there, at the base of the stairs, resplendent in her flowing gown and jewels."
When people or things are resplendent, they are dazzling, splendiferous, glorious, or lovely. The adjective resplendent comes from a Latin word that means “to shine brightly.” The gilded entranceway was resplendent in the golden glow of the afternoon light. When he flashed his resplendent smile, she was helpless against his charms.
WORD FAMILY
resplendent: resplendence, resplendency, resplendently+/resplend: resplendent /resplendency: resplendencies
USAGE EXAMPLES
The clean, sunny cafeteria is edged with stalls framed by vivid photos of meal options as well as resplendent plastic models.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Huppert glows as if lit from within by some kind of unholy sunlight: she’s defiant, resplendent, teasing–and impossible to turn away from.
Time(Nov 10, 2016)
The goat, who was resplendent in a tartan scarf, wasn’t enthused about the future commander in chief, a classic goat move, although the crowd was.
Time(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 华丽灿烂的，辉煌的; 靡丽; 光芒万丈; 鲜艳夺目
分布：辉煌的(60%)，灿烂的(40%)
→re-,表强调，-splend,灿烂，词源同 splendid,splendor.
辉湟的(re+splend光辉＋ent→再光辉→辉煌的)[re-①表示"向后,相反,不"②表示"一再,重新"]
【记】re反复，splend闪耀，ent：反复闪耀－辉煌的
【反】dull（adj 迟钝的；阴暗的）；lack luster（缺乏光泽）
[rɪ'splen.dənt] literary
adjective
■having a very bright or splendid appearance 辉煌的；灿烂的；华丽的
• the queen's resplendent purple robes 女王华贵的紫袍
• I saw Anna at the other end of the room, resplendent in a red sequined cocktail dress. 我看到安娜在房间的另一头，身穿缀满闪光圆饰片的红色晚礼服，光彩照人。
adj. 光辉的；华丽的
 - magnificent, brave, gorgeous

Word: respiration
Front: respiration
[ˌrespəˈreɪʃn] (托雅宝 17458/20623)
Vocabulary: respiration
(once / 2132 pages)
n
Respiration is the act of breathing. You wear a ventilator if you need help with your respiration.
Everyone who breathes has the power of respiration. There is, however, another type of respiration which occurs in cells. This is the process of taking in certain substances and putting out others that a cell undergoes to produces energy. One single breath, the inhale and the exhale together, is also called a respiration.
WORD FAMILY
respiration: respirations+/ respirator: respirators/ respire: respiration, respirator, respiratory, respired, respires, respiring
USAGE EXAMPLES
Second, it inhibits the process of respiration in mitochondria, cells’ powerhouses.
Science Magazine(Dec 07, 2016)
The height at which the leaves are trimmed influences the respiration of the vines and the evaporation of water from the vineyard.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Boyles says it’s likely the four took something that suppressed their respiration.
Washington Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 呼吸，一次呼吸; （植物的）呼吸; 一息
分布：呼吸(99%)，植物呼吸作用(1%)
呼吸[spir=breathe表示"呼吸"]
[ˌres.pɪ'reɪ.ʃən] formal or specialized
noun uncountable
■breathing 呼吸
• Her respiration was slow and difficult. 她呼吸缓慢、吃力。
• The diaphragm is the principal muscle of respiration. 膈膜是主要的呼吸肌。
⇒ See also artificial respiration
n. [生理] 呼吸；呼吸作用
 - breath, wind

Word: rollicking
Front: rollicking
[ˈrɒlɪkɪŋ] (宝 23733/34676)
Vocabulary: rollicking
(once / 4375 pages)
adj
Something that's rollicking is really fun and playful. When you throw a party, you hope your friends will describe it as rollicking.
Parties with live music and great food are usually rollicking, and a wonderful game of charades with your family can also be rollicking. You might even describe a funny movie or a song you can dance to this way. The root of rollicking is a nineteenth century verb that we don't use much these days, rollick, "to behave exuberantly." It, in turn, is most likely a combination of frolic and roll.
WORD FAMILY
rollicking: rollickingly+/rollick: rollicked, rollicking, rollicks
USAGE EXAMPLES
This is a “Nutcracker” so woven with story threads and rollicking details that the spectator sees new aspects with every viewing.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 10, 2016)
U.K. glam’s camp hearkened to the rollicking, tongue-in-cheek excesses of English music hall and panto dames, rather than the brittle irony of the Warhol Factory.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
As a rollicking game drew to a close Sunday night, Coach Gary Kubiak and the Denver Broncos had a decision to make.
New York Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 快活的; 欢闹的; 兴高采烈的; 狂欢的
v. 欢闹( rollick的现在分词 )
分布：动词rollick的现在分词和动名词形式.(50%)，喧闹而欢乐的(50%)
→来自 roll 和 frolic 的合成词，-ing,动名词后缀。
【记】roll（v 滚动），lick（v 舔），ing：一个接一个的lick－狂欢的
US ['rɑ:-] adjective [before noun] old-fashioned
■happy, energetic and often noisy 兴高采烈的；喧闹嬉戏的；欢闹的
• The play is described as 'a rollicking tale about love and lust'. 这部剧被描述为“一个关于爱与欲的快活故事”。
UK ['rɒl.ɪ.kɪŋ] US ['rɑ:-] noun countable usually singular UK informal
■when someone tells you in a very angry way that you have done something wrong 斥责
• We got a rollicking from the coach at half time. 中场休息时，我们挨了教练一通臭骂。
adj. 欢乐的；喧闹的
 - convivial, noisy
n. 申斥；责骂
 - talking-to, opprobrium

Word: rootless
Front: rootless
[ˈru:tləs] (28366/24290)
Vocabulary: rootless
(once / 35073 pages)
adj
Someone who's rootless doesn't have a permanent home or place to settle down. Your rootless cousin might save money for a ticket to India and then spend years backpacking around Asia.
Some plants are literally rootless, growing without a root system to absorb nutrients. Algae is one example of a rootless plant. Rootless far more commonly describes a person who wanders. An immigrant might feel a bit rootless the first few years in a new country, not quite at home yet but far from their original home. And if your family moves every couple of years, they're rootless too.
WORD FAMILY
rootless: rootlessly+/ root: rootage, rooted, rooter, rooting, rootless, rootlet, roots/rootage: rootages/rooted: rootedly/rooter: rooters/rooting: rootings/rootlet: rootlets
USAGE EXAMPLES
But unlike hairs with a root, rootless hairs will not deliver a full DNA profile, in most cases.
BBC(Dec 17, 2016)
The reality is that the company Tillerson runs, while based in Houston, is increasingly a rootless, cosmopolitan citizen of no country.
Slate(Dec 11, 2016)
Many people find it easy to aim their rage against an allegedly cosmopolitan and rootless cultural elite.
The Guardian(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 无根的，无根据的
分布：无根的(47%)，无所寄托的(28%)，无根据的(25%)
→root,根，-less,无，没有。引申词义漂泊的。
adjective
■describes a person without a home to return to 无家可归的，没有归宿的；漂泊不定的
adj. 无根的；无根据的；无所寄托的
 - unwarranted, baseless

Word: schoolmate
Front: schoolmate
[ˈsku:lmeɪt] (高 19024/33562)
Back: n. 同学，校友
分布：同学(74%)，校友(26%)
noun countable
■a friend who is at the same school as you at the same time 同学；校友
n. 同学；同窗
 - condisciple, kollegen

Word: rudder
Front: rudder
[ˈrʌdə(r)] (宝 16535/13060 -1)
Vocabulary: rudder
(once / 1636 pages)
n
A rudder is an important part of a ship, boat, or airplane's steering system. If your rudder is out of whack, you may end up somewhere that you don't want to be!
A ship's rudder is a flat sheet attached to the stern (or back), that moves back and forth as the captain steers. It works by directing the water to move past the ship in a certain way, pushing the front of the vessel to the right or left. On an airplane, the rudder works the same way, but by directing the flow of air instead, so the plane turns to the left or right. The word rudder comes from the Old English roðor, "paddle or oar," from a Germanic root meaning "tool for steering."
WORD FAMILY
rudder: rudder-like, rudderless, rudders
USAGE EXAMPLES
At 21:05 he dropped the torpedo which hit its target, jamming the rudder of Hitler's flagship.
BBC(Dec 12, 2016)
It uses pallets dropped by parachute and guided by GPS navigation and a rudder.
The Guardian(Dec 07, 2016)
Spencer is due to speak at Rudder Tower on the university campus.
The Guardian(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: n. 船舵; [航]方向舵; [动]尾羽; 指导人
分布：舵(78%)，方向舵(20%)，指导原则(2%)
→来自古英语 rothor,舵，来自 Proto-Germanic*rothru,舵，来自*ro,划，划船，词源同 row,-thor, 工具格后缀，词源同 tether,weather.古英语-th-简化为-d-,比较 burden,来自古英语 byrthen.
【记】rudder当“舵”讲大家很熟，掌舵的人就是企业的领导者。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a flat piece of wood or metal at the back of a boat or aircraft, which is moved from side to side in order to control the direction of travel 舵；方向舵

Word: scribbler
Front: scribbler
[ˈskrɪblə(r)] (32810/35406)
Back: n. 潦草写字的人，三流作家，小文人
分布：小文人(39%)，三流作家(33%)，潦草书写的人(28%)
→scribble,乱写，乱画，-er,人。引申诸相关词义。
US [-lɚ] disapproving or humorous
noun countable
■a writer of books or articles in newspapers or magazines, especially one who is not thought to be very good 拙劣的作者；无足轻重的作者

Word: shorty
Front: shorty
['ʃɔ:tɪ] (34154/-)
Back: n. 矮子，特别短的东西（尤指衣，裤）
分布：矮子(53%)，特别短的东西(28%)，短小的(19%)
矮子(short矮)[-y 1.加在名词后变成形容词2表名词,加在形容词或以r结尾的单词后3表名词"人或小东西"常带有戏谑性和爱称]
US ['ʃɔ:r.tˌi] informal
noun countable (UK offensive also short-arse)
■a short person 矮子，矮冬瓜
• That coat reaches your ankles, shorty! 那件外套长得都拖到你的脚踝了，矮冬瓜！

Word: serviceable
Front: serviceable
[ˈsɜ:vɪsəbl] (宝 20461/18703)
Vocabulary: serviceable
(once / 1251 pages)
adj
When something is serviceable, it's useful just the way it is. You might describe your rusty old car as perfectly serviceable if it always gets you where you need to go.
If your eccentric grandmother insists on buying you a full-length fur coat, you could argue that all you need is a serviceable winter jacket — simply one that will do its job and keep you warm. On the other hand, you might long for a beautiful pair of leather boots despite having a serviceable pair of rubber galoshes. Serviceable was spelled the same way in Old English, although it originally meant "willing to be of service," and only later came to mean "usable or useful."
WORD FAMILY
serviceable: serviceability, serviceableness, serviceably, unserviceable+/ service: self-service, serviceable, serviced, services, servicing
USAGE EXAMPLES
“We fix them up as best as they can be to get them like new and serviceable,” Stevens said.
Washington Times(Nov 30, 2016)
So we ended up with a solid tart flambée with ham and a serviceable salad with pumpkin and mushrooms.
New York Times(Nov 25, 2016)
She herself is gawky, her frizzy hair pulled back in a serviceable puff above a narrow, long-nosed face.
The New Yorker(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 有用的，可供使用的; 耐用的
分布：耐用的(39%)，有用的(35%)，可用的(21%)，易于服务的(5%)
→service,服务，-able,表能够。引申词义可用的。
有用的;便利的(service服务+able)[serv=serve,keep表示"服务,保持"]
US ['sɝ:-] adjective
■suitable for the situation in which something is used; effective 合用的；耐用的
• You're wearing some serviceable-looking footwear, Johnny. 约翰尼，你穿的鞋子看起来挺耐穿的。
adj. 有用的，可供使用的；耐用的
 - useful, be of use

Word: silky
Front: silky
[ˈsɪlki] (11723/12609 -1)
Vocabulary: silky
(once / 2292 pages)
adj
Silky is an adjective describing something smooth, soft, and glossy — like your friend's silky hair or the silky fabric of a formal gown.
Silky is a textural description, and it can be used to describe food, fabric, or hair. The word can also be used to describe vocal textures, as well. Someone might say about Frank Sinatra, "His silky smooth voice and his innovative lyrics will be around for quite some time."
WORD FAMILY
silky: silkier, silkiest, silkily, silkiness+/ silk: silken, silklike, silks, silky /silken: silkenly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The wine perks up this silky and delicate soup.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
A lot of seemingly reasonable people are talking in silky tones about the importance of “unity” and “compromise” and “empathy” right now.
The Guardian(Dec 13, 2016)
They were a declaration of surrender — or, at their silky best, an affectation.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 丝一样的，像绸缎的; 柔软的，光滑的; 优雅的; （酒）舐着舒服的
级别：silkier, silkiest
分布：温和的(65%)，丝制的(21%)，像丝一样柔滑的(14%)
→silk,丝，-y,形容词后缀。
['sɪl.ki] usually approving
adjective
■soft and smooth, like silk 丝绸一样的，柔软光滑的
• Persian cats have long, silky fur. 波斯猫有一身柔软光滑的长毛。
• figurative The villain leans over and speaks to her in a silky persuasive voice. 那个恶棍靠过来用一种软绵绵、甜言劝诱的声调和她交谈。
adj. 丝的；柔滑的；温和的；丝绸一样的
 - pacific, soft, moderate, gentle, mild

Word: scurrilous
Front: scurrilous
[ˈskʌrələs] (宝 27124/22709)
Vocabulary: scurrilous
(once / 5727 pages)
adj
If something is scurrilous, it's meant to offend. Scurrilous rumors can give you a bad rep, and scurrilous stories sell tabloid magazines.
If something is scurrilous, it doesn't necessarily mean it isn't true: that celebrity may well be pregnant, on drugs, or getting divorced — or possibly all three — but it does suggest a certain indifference to the truth on the part of the person being scurrilous.
WORD FAMILY
scurrilous: scurrility, scurrilously+/scurrility: scurrilities
USAGE EXAMPLES
They believed outrageous and scurrilous tales about Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton, stories that lacked even a shred of truth.
Washington Post(Nov 28, 2016)
So have celebrity worship, scurrilous partisanship, a yearning for “outsider candidates,” and Trump’s own thirst for power.
The New Yorker(Nov 04, 2016)
There’s been plenty of whispered scurrilous talk about Guardiola in the past year or so, verging on a smear campaign.
The Guardian(Oct 19, 2016)
Back: adj. 粗俗的，下流的
分布：下流的(47%)，说话粗鄙恶劣的(25%)，无礼的(22%)，恶言诽谤的(6%)
→来自 scurrile,粗俗的笑话，黄段子，来自拉丁语 scurrilis,小丑一样的，来自 scurra,二流子， 流氓，小丑。引申词义诽谤的，恶语中伤的。
【记】scur＝scar伤疤，ril，ous多－伤疤多是因为说话下流被打的。
US ['skɝ:-] formal
adjective
■expressing unfair or false criticism which is likely to damage someone's reputation 诋毁的，诽谤的
• a scurrilous remark/attack/article 诋毁的话／攻击／文章
adj. 下流的；说话粗鄙恶劣的；无礼的
 - dirty, blue

Word: serendipitous
Front: serendipitous
[ˌserən'dɪpətəs] (22960/-)
Vocabulary: serendipitous
(once / 48841 pages)
adj
Serendipitous is an adjective that describes accidentally being in the right place at the right time, like bumping into a good friend in some unusual location, or finding a hundred dollar bill on the ground.
The root of serendipitous comes from the fairy tale "The Three Princes of Serendip," in which three princes make one lucky and surprising discovery after another. A serendipitous moment happens by accident, usually when you’re doing something completely unrelated, like digging a hole in your yard to bury your hamster and finding a treasure chest of jewels. That’s a sad but serendipitous funeral.
WORD FAMILY
serendipitous: serendipitously+/ serendipity: serendipities, serendipitous
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Amélie” is the type of offbeat musical that is best appreciated if stumbled upon serendipitously.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 17, 2016)
Today, in one of those serendipitous coincidences that buoy his poetry, Muldoon’s forecast sounds like utter understatement.
Slate(Dec 08, 2016)
The pairing of the two men was serendipitous.
New York Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 偶然发现的
分布：偶然发现的(64%)，侥幸得到的(36%)
【记】源于：英国作家霍勒斯?沃尔浦尔创造的单词serendipity（n 有意外发现珍宝的运气）。这个词源自斯里兰卡的旧称Serendip。这是一个朴素的神话故事《The Three Princes of Serendip（斯里兰卡的三个王子）》：当这些殿下旅行时，总是通过意外和精明地发现他们并没有寻求的东西。Se色，ren人，dip掉，it，ous：从天上掉下来一个色情的人－偶然发现珍宝的

Word: shawl
Front: shawl
[ʃɔ:l] (宝 11627/12685 -1)
Back: n. 围巾，披肩
分布：披肩(60%)，围巾(32%)，用围巾(5%)，用披肩(3%)
→来自波斯语 shal,披巾，披肩，来自梵语 sati,布，词源同 sari,莎丽。
US [ʃɑ:l] noun countable
■a large piece of cloth worn especially by women or girls over their shoulders and/or head （尤指女用的）披巾，披肩
n. 围巾，长方形披巾
 - muffler, neckcloth

Word: splashy
Front: splashy
[ˈsplæʃi] (宝 21281/48723)
Back: adj. <口>惹人注目的; 容易溅开的; 遍布斑点的; 颇获好评的
分布：引人注目的(72%)，大而显眼的(28%)
【记】源于：splash（v 溅水），在水中溅水，炫耀自己的身材！
['splæʃ.i] US
adjective
■more expensive, exciting, etc. than necessary 奢华的；轰动的
• Hollywood tends to make splashy films with lots of star actors. 好莱坞惯于拍一些耗资巨大、明星云集的大片。
adj. 泥泞的；容易溅开的；遍布斑点的；引人注目的
 - attractive, dramatic

Word: soporific
Front: soporific
[ˌsɒpəˈrɪfɪk] (宝 34106/33164)
Vocabulary: soporific
(once / 14592 pages)
adjn
Something that is soporific is sleep-inducing. Certain medicines, but also extreme coziness, can have a soporific effect.
In the 1680’s, soporific, which doubles as both adjective and noun, was formed from the French soporifique. That word, in turn, came from the Latin sopor “deep sleep.” Beloved Peter Rabbit author Beatrix Potter once noted that, “It is said that the effect of eating too much lettuce is 'soporific'."
WORD FAMILY
soporific: soporifically, soporifics
USAGE EXAMPLES
Exposure to sunlight prevents the brain from producing melatonin and other natural soporifics.
Science Magazine(Nov 23, 2016)
Over the weekend I heard a commentator on the usually soporific NPR news advise listeners to stock up on bottled water.
The Guardian(Nov 03, 2016)
But these “Tordre” solos are on the cusp of the soporific.
New York Times(Oct 14, 2016)
Back: n. 催眠的物质、药剂等
分布：催眠的(51%)，催眠剂(33%)，想睡的(16%)
→sopor,睡觉，昏睡，-fic,做，使，词源同 fact,efficient.引申词义催眠的。
安眠药(sopor睡眠+ific)[-ic 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人或学科"3.表名词"某种病"]
催眠的(sopor睡觉+ific)[-ific表形容词"产生…的"]
【记】使用sop（安慰剂）过分就会sopor（n 昏睡）so，por＝poor，ific：太穷了，没钱买吃的，所以－昏昏欲睡的
【反】invigorating（adj 精力充沛的）；stimulant（n 刺激物）；provocative（adj 煽动的；n 刺激物）；exhilarating（adj 令人喜欢的）；bracing（adj 令人鼓舞的）
US [ˌsɑ:.pə'rɪf-] adjective
■causing sleep or making a person want to sleep 催眠的，使人昏昏欲睡的
• the soporific effect of the heat 炎热天气的催眠作用
n. 催眠剂； [药] 安眠药
 - hypnagogue, sleeping pill
adj. [药] 催眠的；想睡的
 - somnolent, hypnogenetic

Word: slurry
Front: slurry
[ˈslʌri] (20922/16900)
Back: n. 泥浆，浆
分布：泥浆(100%)
→来自辅音丛 sl-,黏滑的，淤泥的，泥浆的，比较 slop,slosh,slough,sludge.
US ['slɝ:-] noun uncountable
■a mixture of water and small pieces of a solid, especially such a mixture used in an industrial or farming process （由水和固体物质混合而成的）泥浆；（尤指用于工业或农业的）浆液
n. [建] 泥浆；悬浮液
 - suspending liquid, muld

Word: tailing
Front: tailing
['teɪlɪŋ] (25943/-)
Back: n. 残渣; 尾料; 嵌入墙中砖石突出部; 屑
分布：残渣(75%)，动词tail的现在分词形式.(25%)
n. 尾料；屑；残渣；谱尾
 - residual, scran

Word: stiffness
Front: stiffness
[stɪfnəs] (六 11547/14589)
Back: n. 僵硬; 生硬; 强直; 顽固
分布：僵硬(62%)，硬度(38%)
noun uncountable
NOT RELAXED 拘谨
■the quality of being very formal and not relaxed 生硬，拘谨
• Her initial stiffness began to wear off as we got to know her. 随着我们渐渐了解她，她起初的拘谨也慢慢消失了。
['stɪf.nəs] noun uncountable
FIRM 坚实
■the quality of being firm, hard or unable to bend 坚实；刚硬
• the stiffness of her muscles 她的肌肉扎实。
['stɪf.nəs] noun uncountable
SEVERE 严厉
■the quality of being very severe, strong or difficult 严重；艰难
• Everyone was surprised at the stiffness of the sentence/punishment/penalty/sanctions. 每个人都对判决／惩罚／处罚／制裁之重感到吃惊。
n. 僵硬；坚硬；不自然；顽固
 - hardness, rigidity

Word: sycophant
Front: sycophant
[ˈsɪkəfænt] (宝 30961/37093)
Vocabulary: sycophant
(once / 5425 pages)
n
A sycophant is a person who tries to win favor from wealthy or influential people by flattering them. Also known as brown-nosers, teacher's pets or suck-ups.
Sycophant is from Latin sycophanta, from Greek sykophantēs, from sykon "fig" and phainein "to show, make known." The original sense was that of an informer, a person who gives information about criminal activities. "Showing the fig" was a vulgar gesture made by sticking the thumb between two fingers. The gesture was used to taunt an opponent or to make an accusation against someone.
WORD FAMILY
sycophant: sycophancy, sycophantic, sycophants+/sycophancy: sycophancies/ sycophantic: sycophantically
USAGE EXAMPLES
But they got their dream team of hold-back-the-clock fossil fools and corporate sycophants.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Then Mrs. Cross' own character and story emerged as an abject sycophant  who will be ill-used by her friend-mistress.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 22, 2016)
“I’m prepared to say that he’s filled his Cabinet with a bunch of lackeys and sycophants and idiots,” the conservative said.
Washington Post(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. 谄媚者，拍马屁者
分布：马屁精(100%)
→来自拉丁语 sycopanta,来自希腊语 sykophantes,告密者，诽谤者，字面意思为展示无花果的人， 来自 sykon,无花果，-phant,显现，展示，词源同 epiphany,phantasm.其词源说法不一，其中两
马屁精(eyco[=flg无花果]+phant→显示无花果→献上无花果→拍马屁)[phan=show,表示"显示"]
马屁精(syco无花果+pha显出...献无花果...拍马屁)[-ant 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"…人"3.表名词"…剂"]
【记】读：塞口饭t－塞我一口饭吧，求求你了，美女！！－拍马者
n. 谄媚者；奉承者
 - toadeater, flatterer
adj. 奉承的；拍马的
 - flattering, subservient

Word: tonal
Front: tonal
[ˈtəʊnl] (15307/17047)
Back: adj. 声调的，调性的
分布：音调的(49%)，色调的(35%)，音色的(16%)
→来自 tone,音调，-al,形容词后缀。
US ['toʊ-] specialized
adjective
MUSICAL QUALITY 音质
■relating to the quality of sound of a musical instrument or singing voice 音色；音质
UK ['təʊ.nəl] US ['toʊ-] specialized
adjective
MUSICAL NOTES 音符
■Tonal music is music that is based on major and minor keys (= sets of notes). （音乐）调性的

Word: telematic

Word: tithe
Front: tithe
[taɪð] (28549/19393)
Vocabulary: tithe
(once / 1506 pages)
nv
To tithe is to make a contribution equal to one-tenth of your income, usually to a church or religious institution. Devout church-goers usually tithe, even in years when their finances are very tight.
Tithe comes from the Old English word teogotha, which means “tenth.” To tithe is to relinquish one-tenth of your personal income, either as a mandatory contribution, a voluntary donation, or as a levy. In ancient times farmers were required to tithe a portion of their crops. You may suspect that some of the wealthiest members of your church don’t really tithe as expected.
WORD FAMILY
tithe: tithed, tither, tithes, tithing+/tither: tithers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Through the internet, homebound worshippers can watch church services live and contribute through virtual tithing.
Washington Times(Nov 27, 2016)
Has she been duped, she wonders, into tithing all of her hard-earned money?
Washington Post(Nov 24, 2016)
He declined to answer whether people gave tithes or offerings to the church.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. （宗教捐税）什一税，什一的教区税，小部分
v. 课什一税，缴什一税
时态：tithed, tithing, tithes
分布：小部分(58%)，十分之一税(28%)，征收或交纳十分之一税(14%)
→特殊用法，词源同 tenth 或 tenth 拼写变体。
noun countable
■a tenth part of someone's produce or income which they give or pay as tax to a church 什一税，教区税（某人产值或收入的十分之一，用作支付给教堂的税）
n. 什一税；小部分
 - fraction, subsection

Word: throwaway
Front: throwaway
[ˈθrəʊəweɪ] (20298/23654)
Back: n. （使用后抛弃的）广告传单，散单，宣传小册子
分布：用后即扔的(22%)，遗弃的(17%)，传单(17%)，临时利用件(11%)，弃儿(11%)，漫不经心说出的(11%)，浪费的(11%)
US ['θroʊ-] adjective [before noun]
■made to be destroyed after use 一次性使用的，用后即弃的
• throwaway cups and plates 即弃杯子和碟子
• We live in a throwaway society. 我们生活在一个充斥着即弃物品的社会。
throwaway comment/line/remark
■something which someone says without thinking carefully and which is not intended to be serious 信口而作的评论／即兴的台词／脱口而出的话
n. 废品；广告传单；脱口而出的话
 - waster, waste product
adj. 抛弃型的；脱口而出的；漫不经心的
 - unmindful, insouciant

Word: telemarketing
Front: telemarketing
[ˈtelimɑ:kɪtɪŋ] (26790/-)
Back: n. 电话销售，电话推销
分布：电话销售(55%)，电话推销(45%)
→tele-,电话的，marketing,营销。
US [-əˌmɑ:r.kə.ɪŋ] noun uncountable mainly US for telesales
n. 电话推销，电话销售
 - cold calls

Word: turki

Word: twang
Front: twang
[twæŋ] (20385/25887 -1)
Back: n. 鼻声; 弦声; 砰然一声; 遗迹，痕迹，迹象
vt. 用鼻音讲; 使发拨弦声
vi. 发出拨弦声; 带鼻音讲话; 砰然一声响
时态：twanged, twanging, twangs
分布：鼻音(57%)，弦声(17%)，带鼻音讲话(9%)，砰然一声(9%)，砰然响声(4%)，使发出拨弦声(4%)
verb intransitive or transitive
■to make a noise like that of a tight string being sharply pulled and released （使）发出弹拨声；（使）发出砰的一声
• He twanged the guitar string/his braces. 他弹拨吉他弦／拨弄他的背带。
• The springs twanged. 弹簧发出砰的一声。
[twæŋ] noun countable usually singular
SOUND 嗓音
■a noise like that of a tight string being sharply pulled and released （使）发出弹拨声；（使）发出砰的一声
• We heard a twang as the cable broke. 缆绳断时，我们听到砰的一声。
[twæŋ] noun countable usually singular
VOICE 嗓音
■a quality of the human voice, produced by air passing out through the nose as you speak 鼻音
• a nasal/southern twang 鼻音／带南方口音的鼻声
n. 鼻音；弦声；砰然一声
 - nasal sound, rhinolalia

Word: uncork
Front: uncork
[ˌʌnˈkɔ:k] (24199/35024)
Back: vt. 拔去塞子，开口，泄漏
时态：uncorked, uncorking, uncorks
分布：拔去塞子(40%)，泄漏(40%)，开口(20%)
US [-'kɔ:rk] verb transitive
■to open a bottle by pulling out its cork (= cylindrical piece of soft wood used to close it) 拔掉（瓶子）的软木塞
• "Who's for some more wine?" asked Polly, uncorking another bottle. 波莉又打开一瓶酒，问道：“谁还要再喝点？”
vt. 泄漏；透露；发泄；拔去塞子
 - reveal, leak out

Word: trite
Front: trite
[traɪt] (宝 20823/19962)
Vocabulary: trite
(once / 4050 pages)
adj
When you want to indicate that something is silly or overused, you would call it trite. A love song with lyrics about holding hands in the sunshine? Totally trite.
Trite has a Latin root, the past participle of terere, meaning "wear out." An old-fashioned or outdated definition of the word is "frayed or worn out by use," and you can see how the meaning for an object that is worn out can be applied to an idea that has been used to the point of being meaningless. The antonym of this word is original.
WORD FAMILY
trite: tritely, triteness, tritest
USAGE EXAMPLES
Even the most trite Netflix drama is too slickly done to be easily switched off.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
Somehow, and it might sound trite but who cares – she’d say it as it was – less alone.
The Guardian(Dec 28, 2016)
Notwithstanding trite dismissals from the chattering class, it is hard to find a more powerful, life-giving injunction than, “Drain the swamp!”
Wall Street Journal(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: adj. （言语、想法等）老生常谈的，陈腐的，老一套的
级别：triter, tritest
分布：平庸的(50%)，陈腐的(50%)
→来自拉丁语 tritus,穿旧的，过去分词格于 terere,转，刮，磨下，词源同 turn,throw.引申词义陈 腐的，老套的。
陈腐的(像被磨破了一样)[trit=rud,表示"磨擦"]
【记】tri三流，te小：三流的小话语－陈词滥调的读：踹他－整天说陈词滥调的人就用脚踹他。
【反】original（adj 有新意的）；unbanal（adj 不迂腐的）；fresh（adj 新鲜的；无经验的）；unhackneyed（adj 未陈旧的）
[traɪt] disapproving
adjective
■expressed too often to be interesting or seem sincere 陈腐的；老一套的
• His lyrics about love and peace are too trite for me to take them seriously. 他写的关于爱情与和平的歌词太陈腐了，我可不拿它当回事。
• I know it will sound trite, but I've loved being part of this club. 我知道这听起来很老套，可我还是要说，加入这个俱乐部给我带来了快乐。
adj. 陈腐的；平庸的；老一套的
 - banal, bromidic

Word: ulterior
Front: ulterior
[ʌlˈtɪəriə(r)] (宝 22083/21706)
Vocabulary: ulterior
(once / 4659 pages)
adj
An ulterior interest, argument, or revelation is one you try to keep hidden, like your ulterior motive for weeding your grandmother's garden is to have a conversation with your crush — and Grandma's neighbor — who happens to be outside, too.
The adjective ulterior is a Latin word which means “more distant” or “future.” Something that is ulterior may lay the groundwork for what comes later, like a new friend who hangs out with you at your house but whose ulterior motive is to date one of your siblings, or the incredible popularity of a series of novels set in a real place having the ulterior consequences of that place becoming a tourist destination.
WORD FAMILY
ulterior: ulteriority, ulteriorly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The scoreboards of prestige were ostensibly built to guide those conversations, but their ulterior motive is to end them.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
Some people in Myanmar sense ulterior motives for the government’s rule change.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 21, 2016)
He or she has ulterior motives, and is hiding the truth in order to advance an agenda or to signal moral superiority.
The Guardian(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 隐秘的; 不可告人的; 秘密的; 矢口否认的
分布：别有用心的(69%)，隐秘的(14%)，将来的(9%)，遥远的(4%)，进一步的(4%)
→ulter-, 词源同ultra-,那边的，-or, 比较级后缀，词源同interior. 引申词义隐秘的。
较晚的,较远的(ulter远)[-ior表形容词"较…的"]
【记】ult远的，erior更－较晚的
【参】superior（adj 高级的）；inferior（adj 下级的；自卑的）；ultimate（adj 最后的；根本的）；ultimatum（n 最后通谍）
US [-'tɪr.i-] adjective
ulterior motive/reason/purpose, etc.
■a secret purpose or reason for doing something 不可告人的动机／原因／目的等
• He claims he just wants to help Lisa but I suspect he has an ulterior motive. 他声称只是想帮助莉萨，但我怀疑他有不可告人的动机。
adj. 将来的，较远的；在那边的；隐秘不明的
 - future

Word: transcendental
Front: transcendental
[ˌtrænsenˈdentl] (研宝 16575/20189)
Vocabulary: transcendental
(once / 2480 pages)
adj
Transcendental describes anything that has to do with the spiritual, non-physical world. You could describe the time you spend in the woods hiking as a physical and a transcendental experience.
When something is transcendental, it's beyond ordinary, everyday experience. It might be religious, spiritual, or otherworldly, but if it's transcendental, it transcends — or goes beyond — the regular physical realm. The adjective transcendental is used to describe a particular kind of meditation, a specific school of philosophy, and even a type of number in mathematics. Transcendental and transcend come from the Latin word transcendere, or climb over or beyond.
WORD FAMILY
transcendental: transcendentalism, transcendentally+/ transcend: transcended, transcendent, transcending, transcends/ transcendence: transcendences/transcendency: transcendencies/ transcendent: transcendence, transcendency, transcendental, transcendently/ transcendentalism: transcendentalisms, transcendentalist / transcendentalist: transcendentalists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Liszt’s “Transcendental Études” are indeed all of these things.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
“I sent Bob Roth to her,” he said, referring to a teacher of Transcendental Meditation.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Because his is a unique, transcendental talent, he can succeed in a variety of positions and against Sweden he played well shielding the back four.
The Guardian(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: adj. <数>超越的; 卓越的; 先验的; 抽象的
分布：先验的(39%)，超凡的(31%)，形而上学的(18%)，超越经验的(12%)
US [-tˌəl] formal
adjective
■describes an experience, event, object or idea that is extremely special and unusual and cannot be understood in ordinary ways 超验主义的；超凡的，玄奥的
• a transcendental vision of the nature of God 对上帝本质的超验主义看法
adj. 先验的； [数] 卓越的，超越的；超自然的
 - remarkable, excellent, prominent

Word: truant
Front: truant
[ˈtru:ənt] (雅宝 27319/22672)
Vocabulary: truant
(once / 3153 pages)
nadj
A truant is a student who is out of school without permission. If you skip school to go shopping with your friends, you are a truant.
A person can be a truant, and behavior can be described as truant too, since it's both a noun and an adjective. Your teacher might call you a truant if you skip school and if you didn't show up at your donut shop job, you would also be a truant donut slinger. In fact, anyone who's unexpectedly absent can be described as truant. The Old French truant describes a beggar, especially one who lives this way by choice.
WORD FAMILY
truant: truancy, truantly, truants+/ truancy: truancies
USAGE EXAMPLES
The other two have a reputation as regular truants.
The Guardian(Nov 12, 2016)
The ambassadors serve as peer counselors to truant students and mentor them to academic success.
Seattle Times(Oct 31, 2016)
“Are you aware that the school district has special police who go out searching for truants? They’re very good at their jobs, 1 assure you.”
Carl Hiaasen, Hoot(2002)
Back: n. 旷课的小学生; 逃学生; 逃避责任者; <旧>懒散的人
adj. 逃学的，玩忽职守的，懒散的
vi. 逃学，逃避责任，偷懒
分布：旷课者(34%)，偷懒(15%)，偷懒的(15%)，旷课的(15%)，旷课(7%)，游荡的(7%)，懒惰鬼(7%)
→来自古法语 truant,乞丐，无赖，后借用该词来指在某地附近流浪的人，尤其是逃课的小学生。
【记】tru＝truth真，ant蚂蚁：真正的蚂蚁是不上学的－逃学者
noun
countable
■a child who is regularly absent from school without permission 逃学者，旷课者
• Police reports showed that the vast majority of crime committed by children was carried out by truants. 警方的报告显示，绝大部分的青少年犯罪都是由逃学者所为。
play truant (US usually play hooky)
■to be regularly absent from school without permission 逃学，旷课
• Most parents are horrified when they discover their children have been playing truant from school. 当发现自己的孩子一直逃学时，大多数父母都感到很震惊。
['tru:.ənt] verb intransitive mainly UK
■Children who truant are regularly absent from school, usually while pretending to their parents that they have gone to school 逃学，旷课
• You'll fail all your exams if you carry on truanting. 如果继续逃学的话，你所有考试都会不及格。
n. 旷课者；懒惰的人
 - do-little
adj. 旷课的；偷懒的
 - shiftless
vi. 逃学；偷懒，逃避责任
 - spare oneself, mitch

Word: uncut
Front: uncut
[ˌʌnˈkʌt] (20705/20697)
Back: adj. （指宝石）未雕琢的; 未切的; （指织物）未剪毛的; （指书）书页未切开的
分布：未切的(25%)，未删节的(25%)，毛边的(25%)，未琢磨的(25%)
adjective
■complete and in its original form 未删节的；未剪的；原封未动的
• the original, uncut version of a film 电影未经删节的原始版本
• Uncut diamonds are worth less than those that have been cut and shaped. 未经雕琢的钻石不如那些切割好的值钱。
adj. 未切的； [印刷] 毛边的；未雕琢的；未割的
 - unedged

Word: underpowered
Front: underpowered
[ʌndə'paʊəd] (31104/37165)
Back: adj. 动力不足的，由动力不足的发动机驱动的
分布：动力不足的(100%)

Word: upstanding
Front: upstanding
[ˌʌpˈstændɪŋ] (23570/33975)
Vocabulary: upstanding
(once / 12778 pages)
adj
The adjective upstanding is good for describing someone who is a good and honorable person, like your trusted best friend.
A person with a reputation for honesty and strong morals can be called upstanding. The word is often paired with citizen, especially when someone's talking about a public or well-known figure: "Everyone knows the high school principal is an upstanding citizen." Its root is Old English, and the earliest meaning was literally "standing up." It wasn't until the 1860's that upstanding gained the meaning of "honest and respectable."
WORD FAMILY
upstanding: upstandingest
USAGE EXAMPLES
And Vineet is far too upstanding to play any games, she is sure of it.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Little wonder Mr Putin singled out the “upstanding” Mr Fillon for praise before the vote.
Economist(Dec 01, 2016)
He may be a good upstanding Mormon, but the guy just cannot get enough of this torture and domination.
Washington Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 直立的; 挺拔的; 强健的; 诚实的
n. 直立，诚实，正直
分布：正直的(59%)，挺拔的(25%)，强健而有活力的(16%)
slightly formal
adjective
■behaving in a good and moral way 正直的，正派的
• She is regarded as an upstanding citizen in the local community. 当地社区认为她是一位品行端正的好市民。
adj. 良好的；正直的；直立的；姿势笔直的
 - favorable, well, vertical, standing, straight

Word: uncounted
Front: uncounted
['ʌn'kaʊntɪd] (24214/40558)
Back: adj. 无数的，没有数过的
分布：没有数过的(50%)，无数的(50%)
adj. 无数的；没有数过的
 - thousand, countless, million, infinite, innumerable

Word: utopianism
Front: utopianism
[juˈtəupiənizəm] (29105/36613)
Back: n. 乌托邦的理想，空想的社会改革案
分布：乌托邦的理想(50%)，空想的社会改革案(50%)

Word: vapid
Front: vapid
[ˈvæpɪd] (宝 26818/37781)
Vocabulary: vapid
(once / 6238 pages)
adj
Reserve the adjective vapid for the airhead in your office who brings nothing to the table, except maybe the doughnuts. Vapid is an adjective to describe someone or something that is dull or uninspiring.
"We prefer not to consider the shockingly vapid and primitive comments uttered by athletes in postcontest interviews," David Foster Wallace wrote. The word was originally used in English in a much more literal sense, describing beverages that lacked flavor. It comes from the Latin word vapidus, literally "having exhaled its vapor."
WORD FAMILY
vapid: vapidity, vapidly, vapidness+/vapidity: vapidities
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was a celebration of masculine violence and vapid tradition, a pointless superficial contest.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Now they regard the phenomenon with bewilderment bordering on disgust, considering the content dumb and vapid.
Slate(Nov 11, 2016)
Many of the sentiments are vapid, like the title alone of “I Live to Make You Smile.”
Washington Times(Oct 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 乏味的; 无滋味的; 无趣味的; 无生气的
adv. 乏味地; 无滋味地; 无趣味地; 无生气地
分布：索然无味的(100%)
→来自vapor,蒸气，蒸发，用于指酒的酒精蒸发掉的，乏味的。
【记】vap＝vapor（n 蒸汽），id－像蒸气的－乏味的读：歪屁的－听着vapid的讲座就会歪屁坐。
【反】bracing（adj 令人鼓舞的）；zealous（adj 热情的）；pleasant（adj 令人愉快的）；piquant（adj 开胃的）；riveting（adj 迷人的）；stylish（adj 时髦漂亮的）；『inventive（adj 善于创造的）』；zesty（adj 兴致很高的）
['væp.ɪd] formal
adjective
■showing no intelligence or imagination 愚蠢的；无生气的；单调的；乏味的；
• a vapid television programme 枯燥乏味的电视节目
adj. 无趣味的；无生气的；索然乏味的
 - uninteresting, flavourless

Word: washy

Word: wristwatch
Front: wristwatch
[ˈrɪstwɒtʃ] (托 17164/23102)
Back: n. 手表
分布：手表(100%)
US [-wɑ:tʃ] noun countable
■a watch that is worn on the wrist 手表，腕表
n. 手表
 - watch

Word: ambrose

Word: ambience
Front: ambience
[ˈæmbiəns] (托宝 14090/14253 -1)
Vocabulary: ambience
(once / 28828 pages)
n
Ambience is another word for atmosphere in the sense of the mood a place or setting has. If an expensive restaurant has soft lighting and peaceful music, it has a pleasant, soothing ambience.
Ambience is one of those words that we've out and out stolen from French. In French, the word meaning the same thing is, you guessed it, ambience. This is a word you're going to want to know if you have any interest in restaurant reviews — they always want to talk about the ambience. As a funny quirk, the word has a positive feel to it; it can be used to mean nice atmosphere without even using the word, nice, as in, "Hey, this place really has ambience."
WORD FAMILY
ambient: ambience
USAGE EXAMPLES
Their latest album, Existentialism, is a collection of new songs recorded live in pubs to get that same rowdy, spontaneous, participatory ambience.
Slate(Dec 28, 2016)
A lone electric guitar is picked slowly in a sustained electronic ambience, mostly a drone that’s flecked with bits of voices run backwards.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
He’s slowly driven every inch of Route 66 through Tulsa to Sapulpa, observing the architecture and ambience of what was once called “The Mother Road.”
Washington Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 气氛，布景; 周围环境; “ambiance”的变体
分布：气氛(100%)
→前缀ambi-, 两边，周围。-ience构成拉丁词ire的现在分词, -it构成拉丁词ire的过去分词，ire, 走，见commence，开始，adit，进，exit，出.
【记】ambi两方面，ience名词后缀－从两方面感受－环境，气氛
【参】ambient（adj 周围的，四面八方的）
US [ˌɑ:m.bi'ɑ:nts] noun only singular literary
■the character of a place or the quality it seems to have 气氛；情调；环境
• Despite being a busy city, Dublin has the ambience of a country town. 尽管都柏林是一个繁忙的城市，但颇有乡村城镇的情调。
n. 气氛，布景；周围环境
 - atmosphere, mood, set

Word: zoological
Front: zoological
[ˌzəʊəˈlɒdʒɪkl] (21054/23247)
Vocabulary: zoological
(once / 2899 pages)
adj
Anything zoological is about animals. It’s logical that you’d use the word at a zoo, where critters and beasts hang out.
This is an easy word to remember if you think about zoos. In fact, zoo is short for Zoological Gardens, the first of which was created by the London Zoological Society to house the society’s wild animals. Zoo comes from the Greek word for animal, zoion, plus -ology for “the study of” and then -ical, an ending that makes the word an adjective. If you’re describing something that has to do with the study of animals, zoological is your word.
WORD FAMILY
zoological: zoologically+/ zoologist: zoologists/ zoology: zoological, zoologies, zoologist
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Wildlife Conservation Society, the Zoological Society of London and Panthera led the study, and many other conservation groups participated.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
At Breitscheidplatz, in a bustling commercial neighborhood near the Zoological Garden, Berliners and tourists gathered at the annual Christmas market.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
The old Griffith Park Zoo opened in 1912, spurred by fundraising and advocacy by the city’s zoological society.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: adj. 动物的，动物学的
n. 动物园

Word: affix
Front: affix
[əˈfɪks] (雅宝 13876/21256)
Vocabulary: affix
(once / 1577 pages)
vn
When you affix something, you stick it on to something else. You might affix a stamp to a letter or affix colorful stickers to your notebook.
The verb affix often refers to physically attaching something — like when you affix a label onto a folder — but it can be used more broadly to describe adding on something. You might affix your signature to a contract. If you like grammar, you might already know that the noun form of affix refers to letters or words that can be tacked onto other base words to alter their meaning. For example, the prefix un- is an affix.
WORD FAMILY
affix: affixal, affixation, affixed, affixes, affixial, affixing+/affixed: unaffixed
USAGE EXAMPLES
The archive contains typescripts of his novels, often affixed with alternate titles.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
To drown this in Sriracha would be like affixing emoticons to American Gothic.
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
“This bus stop exists because of Patrick’s generous spirit,” a plaque freshly affixed to the structure now reads.
Washington Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: vt. 附加; 粘贴; 加以; 盖（印章）
时态：affixed, affixing, affixes
分布：词缀(58%)，附加物(18%)，粘贴(11%)，署名(9%)，使附于(4%)
→前缀af-同ad-, 去，往。fix,固定。
附加;贴上(af加速+fix→固定上去)[fix=fix,表示"固定"]
【记】af朝向，fix系紧，固定－贴上
verb transitive /əˈfɪks/ formal
■to fix one thing to another 使固定；附上；黏上；贴上
• She affixed a stamp to the envelope. 她把一枚邮票贴在信封上。
noun countable /ˈæf.ɪks/
■a letter or group of letters which are added to the beginning or end of a word to make a new word 词缀
• The affixes un- and -less are often used to make negative words, such as 'unhappy' and 'careless'. 词缀 un- 和 -less 常用来构成表示否定意义的词，如单词 unhappy 和 careless。
vt. 粘上；署名；将罪责加之于
 - paste on
n. [语] 词缀；附加物
 - appendix, annexment

Word: amplification
Front: amplification
[ˌæmplɪfɪ'keɪʃn] (托 17701/12886)
Back: n. 扩大; 发挥; <物>振幅; 放大率
分布：扩大(42%)，增幅(14%)，详述(14%)，引申(10%)，推广(10%)，扩充(10%)
扩大(ample大的)[-ification表名词,由ific变化而来]
noun uncountable
■Amplification makes music or other sounds louder 扩音；放大
• electronic amplification 电子放大
■formal
■added detail 发挥，引申；阐述，详述
• The horror lies in the violence itself, which needs no amplification. 暴力行为本身就令人恐惧，对此无需作任何阐释。
n. [电子] 放大（率）； [数] 扩大；详述
 - extension, enhancement, specification, enlargement

Word: archie
Front: archie
['ɑ:tʃɪ] (-/12997)
Back: n. 高射炮
分布：高射炮(100%)
n. 高射炮（等于archibald）
 - ack-ack, flak

Word: arbitrate
Front: arbitrate
[ˈɑ:bɪtreɪt] (宝 28357/24965)
Vocabulary: arbitrate
(once / 1000 pages)
v
If your two best friends are fighting over the last piece of gum in the pack, you might arbitrate by telling them to split the last piece. Arbitrate is when a neutral third party helps end a conflict.
Arbitrate derives from the Latin arbiter "judge." (An arbiter of taste is a good judge of taste.) When you arbitrate, you are doing what a judge does in a court of law. In the US, to avoid litigation, many choose non-binding arbitration—where a neutral third party suggests a settlement.
WORD FAMILY
arbitrate: arbitrable, arbitrament, arbitrated, arbitrates, arbitrating, arbitration, arbitrator, arbitrement+/ arbiter: arbiters, arbitrate /arbitrable: nonarbitrable/arbitrament: arbitraments/ arbitration: arbitrational, arbitrations/arbitrator: arbitrators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Temer’s spokesman said Thursday night that the president simply intervened to arbitrate a dispute between Cabinet members.
Seattle Times(Nov 25, 2016)
McDonald’s said the suit was being filed with the administrative court, which arbitrates in governance disputes in Italy.
The Guardian(Nov 07, 2016)
It’s about a leader’s need to be able to synthesize, negotiate, and arbitrate between competing and conflicting environments, experts, and data.
Slate(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 仲裁，公断
时态：arbitrated, arbitrating, arbitrates
分布：仲裁(100%)
仲裁,公断(arbitr+ate)[arbit(r)=judge,表示"判断"]
【记】arbitr判断
US ['ɑ:r-] verb intransitive or transitive
■to make a judgment in an argument, usually because asked to do so by those involved （通常指在争议方要求下）仲裁，裁决，公断
• I've been asked to arbitrate between the opposing sides. 对立的双方请我作个公断。
• An outside adviser has been brought in to arbitrate the dispute between the management and the union. 请来一位协力厂商的顾问对资方和工会之间的争端进行仲裁。
vt. 仲裁；公断
 - umpire

Word: archivist
Front: archivist
[ˈɑ:kɪvɪst] (19864/17008)
Back: n. 档案保管员
分布：案卷保管人(50%)，档案管理员(50%)
US ['ɑ:r-] noun countable
■a person whose job is to take care of archives 档案保管员；档案员

Word: archery
Front: archery
[ˈɑ:tʃəri] (19386/22234)
Vocabulary: archery
(once / 5581 pages)
n
If you like to shoot arrows at a target with a bow, you're a fan of archery. Athletes who compete in archery are called archers.
If you decide to try archery, you'll need a bow and some arrows, and ideally a target. These days, archery is mainly a hobby or a sport, but archery was originally a way for people to hunt for food or defend themselves from enemies. In Anglo-French, the word is archerye, from the Latin root arcus, or "bow."
WORD FAMILY
archery: archeries+/ arch: arched, archer, arches, archest, arching, archly, archness, overarch/ archer: archers, archery / archness: archnesses/overarch: overarched, overarches, overarching
USAGE EXAMPLES
The archery season remains open through Sunday, Feb. 5.
Washington Times(Dec 23, 2016)
The money being invested dwarfs that spent on some other, bigger, sports in Russia such as archery and biathlon.
Reuters(Dec 09, 2016)
Later on, they offered her archery lessons in lieu of money.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 箭术
分布：箭术(100%)
US ['ɑ:r.tʃɚ.i] noun uncountable
■the art or sport of shooting arrows 射箭运动；射箭（术）

Word: arthritic
Front: arthritic
[ɑ:ˈθrɪtɪk] (19041/19501)
Back: adj. 关节炎的
分布：患关节炎的(100%)
US [ɑ:r'θrɪtˌ-] noun countable
■a person who suffers from arthritis 关节炎患者
• Many arthritics find it difficult to climb stairs. 很多关节炎患者感到爬楼梯非常困难。
UK [ɑ:'θrɪt.ɪk] US [ɑ:r'θrɪtˌ-] adjective
■suffering from or affected by arthritis 患有关节炎的
• Her hands were swollen and arthritic. 她的手患有关节炎，肿得厉害。
• arthritic joints 患关节炎的关节

Word: asmara

Word: arithmetical
Front: arithmetical
[ˌærɪθˈmetɪkl] (39575/23984)
Back: adj. 算术的，算术上的
分布：算术的(30%)，算术上的(28%)，算法(19%)，算数(14%)，=arithmetic.(9%)

Word: arty
Front: arty
[ˈɑ:ti] (23366/17346)
Back: adj. 装作爱好艺术的
级别：artier, artiest
分布：附庸风雅的(65%)，装作爱好艺术的(35%)
US ['ɑ:r.tˌi] adjective (US artsy) informal usually disapproving
■being or wishing to seem very interested in everything connected with art and artists 附庸风雅的；装作爱好艺术的
• She hangs out with a lot of arty types. 她经常和一些附庸风雅的家伙混在一起。

Word: biafra

Word: boatman
Front: boatman
[ˈbəʊtmən] (26945/16965)
Back: n. 船夫
分布：船夫(90%)，出租游艇者(10%)
n. 船夫；出租船的人
 - punter

Word: beekeeper
Front: beekeeper
['bi:ˌki:pə] (22118/44173)
Back: n. 养蜂人
分布：养蜂人(95%)，=apiarist.(5%)
US [-pɚ] noun countable
■someone who looks after bees in order to produce honey 养蜂人
n. 养蜂人
 - hiver, apiarist

Word: bohr

Word: boating
Front: boating
[ˈbəʊtɪŋ] (高 15104/21636 -1)
Back: n. 划船; 乘船（游玩）
v. 划船(boat的现在分词形式)
adj. 划船的
分布：划船(99%)，动词boat的现在分词.(1%)
US ['boʊ.tˌɪŋ] noun uncountable
■the activity of travelling on water in a boat for pleasure 划船
• We decided to go boating. 我们决定去划船。
• a boating accident 轮船事故
n. 划船
 - row

Word: bomblet
Front: bomblet
[bɒmb'let] (38820/-)
Back: n. 小炸弹
分布：小炸弹(100%)

Word: boorish
Front: boorish
[ˈbʊərɪʃ] (28436/33809)
Vocabulary: boorish
(once / 8516 pages)
adj
If your cousin tells revolting jokes, belches, and smells like he spent the winter in a cave, he could be described as boorish — an adjective used for people with bad manners and a sloppy appearance.
We almost always use the word boorish for men. This may be because it can be traced back to a 13th century word for “herdsman.” Herdsmen spent a lot of time alone with their sheep, sleeping in tents, and cooking over open fires, so it was no wonder that they didn't have the same refined manners as city folk. If someone offends you by acting boorishly — say, by cutting you off in traffic — you could exclaim, “What a boor!” Just don't confuse boor with bore: bad manners may be offensive, but they're rarely boring.
WORD FAMILY
boorish: boorishly, boorishness+/ boor: boorish, boors/boorishness: boorishnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the rest of us likewise have a right to note how boorish and self-congratulatory they were.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 22, 2016)
For years, Berlusconi’s boorish behaviour was a gift to political opponents and journalists who were free to ridicule him.
The Guardian(Nov 21, 2016)
And many feared that it signaled a tacit acceptance of Trump’s boorish behavior toward women, the name-calling, the vulgar language.
Washington Times(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 粗野的; 粗鲁的; 笨拙的; 乡巴佬的
分布：粗野的(100%)
粗野的(boor粗野之人)[-ish 1.表形容词"像…一样,有的..."通常放在一具体名词后2.表动词"造成…"3.表示"国家的或语言"]
adj. 粗野的；粗鲁的；粗鄙的；笨拙的；乡土气的
 - robust, gross, crude, rough, country

Word: bop
Front: bop
[bɒp] (23986/27824)
Vocabulary: bop
(once / 45285 pages)
1v 2nv
If you bop your little brother, you hit him lightly. If you do this, he's probably going to bop you right back.
The origin of the word bop is imitative: bop sounds like the noise your hand makes when you bop someone or something. You can also use bop to mean bebop, the fast-tempo jazz that became popular in the 1940s, after the swing era. The word comes from the jazz tradition of singing nonsense words like bebop and rebop.
WORD FAMILY
bop: bopped, bopping, bops
USAGE EXAMPLES
For a twelve-year-old girl ready to bop around, Wham! was just what the doctor ordered.
The New Yorker(Dec 26, 2016)
Our pad’s primo location allowed Sean to bop there and back in minutes, returning with our high chair slung over his shoulder.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
BOP spokesman Justin Long said, for privacy reasons, prison officials cannot release additional details.
Washington Times(Oct 29, 2016)
Back: n. 波普爵士乐; 一击，一掴; 防喷器
vt. 跳舞; 击，打; [俚] 去
时态：bopped, bopping, bops
分布：一击(34%)，博普舞(20%)，跳博普舞(20%)，敲打(13%)，=bebop.(13%)
→截取自bebop。
US [bɑ:p] verb (-pp-)
DANCE 跳舞
intransitive informal
■to dance to pop music （随流行音乐）跳舞
• They were all bopping to the music. 他们都在随着流行音乐翩翩起舞。
UK [bɒp] US [bɑ:p] verb (-pp-)
HIT 打
transitive usually + adverb or preposition humorous
■to hit someone or something, especially in a friendly way （尤指开玩笑地）击，打
• to bop someone on the head 敲打某人的头部
UK [bɒp] US [bɑ:p] noun
MUSIC 音乐
uncountable (also bebop)
■a type of jazz music first played by small groups in the 1940s 波普爵士乐（最初在20世纪40年代由小乐团演奏）
UK [bɒp] US [bɑ:p] noun
DANCE 跳舞
countable usually singular
■a dance to pop music （随着流行音乐）跳舞
• There are a couple of decent clubs where you can go for a bop. 有几家还不错的夜总会可以去跳舞。
n. 防喷器；（美口）波普爵士音乐；一击
 - blowout preventer, fisticuff

Word: brackish
Front: brackish
[ˈbrækɪʃ] (宝 21865/26170)
Vocabulary: brackish
(once / 6163 pages)
adj
Something that is brackish is unpleasant and harsh, like the coffee you left on too long or the water in a muddy pond.
The adjective brackish has roots in the Dutch word brac, meaning salty, and the word is used literally to describe water that is salty. You’ll often find brackish water in areas where salty seawater mixes with freshwater, such as "the brackish water of a Louisiana bayou." The word can be used more generally, however, to describe something that is distasteful and harsh, not just salty. When used in this way you’ll still most likely hear the term applied to liquids, such as a brackish tea that makes you wrinkle your nose when you taste it.
WORD FAMILY
brackish: brackishness
USAGE EXAMPLES
SWANSEA, Wales — From the brackish, brown water of the bay, Swansea’s past fortunes are plain to see.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
“No wake signs” warn cars to slow to a crawl so the brackish water does not inundate lawns.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
That signal slowly changes to the chemical signature of the more brackish river mouth, where the fish stop on their seaward migration.
Nature(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 有盐味的，可厌的
→词源不详。可能同bur, 芒刺，形容盐水如刺般的粗糙效果。比较brine , 盐水。
令人恶心的[brack=vomit(呕)]
【记】读：不爱口试。有个好办法，喝咸水，这样嗓子就哑了，就可以不参加口试了。
adjective
■Brackish water is salty, dirty and unpleasant. （水）又咸又脏的
adj. 含盐的；令人不快的；难吃的
 - painful, salt

Word: cobbler
Front: cobbler
[ˈkɒblə(r)] (宝 17611/15318)
Vocabulary: cobbler
(once / 1955 pages)
1n 2n 3n
A cobbler is someone who fixes shoes. A cobbler is also a type of fruit pie. Context is everything with this word! If you give a pie a broken shoe, don’t expect results.
Cobblers mend shoes. If your heel is falling off or there’s a rip in your shoe, a cobbler can help you out. These days, people are more likely to buy a new pair of shoes than fix an old one, but cobblers used to be very common. A cobbler is also a delicious pie with rich biscuit dough on top and fruit underneath. Apple cobbler and peach cobbler are extra yummy with ice cream on top.
WORD FAMILY
cobbler: cobblers+/cobble: cobbled, cobbler, cobbles, cobbling
USAGE EXAMPLES
His father worked as a shoe cobbler and candy maker.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 30, 2016)
On Thursday - a regular workday for the crew - Kimbrough will warm up pouches of sliced turkey, candied yams, and cherry and blueberry cobbler.
Washington Times(Nov 22, 2016)
On Thursday — a regular workday for the crew — Kimbrough will warm up pouches of sliced turkey, candied yams, and cherry and blueberry cobbler.
Seattle Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. 酥皮水果馅饼; 修鞋匠; 胡说; 废话
分布：补鞋匠(80%)，脆皮水果馅饼(20%)
【记】想象在修鞋的时候，把cob玉米棒子垫到鞋里。
【参】cobble（v 修；n 鹅卵石）；coddle（v 娇养，溺爱）
US ['kɑ:.blɚ] noun
JOB 职业
countable
■a person who repairs shoes 修鞋匠；鞋匠
UK ['kɒb.lər] US ['kɑ:.blɚ] noun
NONSENSE 胡言乱语
cobblers UK slang
uncountable
■nonsense or lies 胡言乱语，蠢话；假话，谎话
• a load of old cobblers 一派胡言
n. 补鞋匠；工匠；冷饮料；脆皮水果馅饼
 - craftsman, workman

Word: casket
Front: casket
[ˈkɑ:skɪt] (9601/16392)
Vocabulary: casket
(once / 1526 pages)
nv
A casket is a coffin, or a box in which the body of a dead person is buried. Some funeral traditions include a chance for mourners to see the deceased in the casket before burial.
Most caskets are made of wood — some plain, and others more ornamental. Many caskets are buried in cemeteries, although others are cremated, or burned to ash, depending on religious and personal preferences. You can also use the word casket to mean "small box," particularly a box for jewelry or other precious items, and this is the word's earliest meaning, from the Old French cassette, a diminutive form of case.
WORD FAMILY
casket: casketed, casketing, caskets
USAGE EXAMPLES
Diplomats and officials laid flowers at the open casket alongside an honorary guard.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
President Vladimir Putin arrived at the end of the ceremony, laid flowers at the casket, offered condolences to the ambassador’s widow and left.
Washington Times(Dec 22, 2016)
His casket arrives on a 7 p.m. flight.
Seattle Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 首饰盒，匣子，<美>棺材
分布：棺材(78%)，骨灰盒(10%)，首饰盒(10%)，把 ... 装进小箱子或棺材里(2%)
→来自cask. -et, 小词后缀。
US ['kæs.kɪt] noun countable
■a small decorative box, especially one used to keep jewellery in （尤指用于放珠宝的）小匣子，小盒子，小箱子
US for * coffin
n. 棺材；骨灰盒；小箱
 - coffin, bier

Word: cattleman
Front: cattleman
['kætlmən] (22511/49208)
Back: n. 牧场主人，牧牛者
分布：牧场主人(75%)，牧牛者(25%)
n. 牧畜者；牧场主人
 - cowman, estanciero

Word: cochabamba

Word: celibate
Front: celibate
[ˈselɪbət] (宝 17726/21292)
Vocabulary: celibate
(once / 2398 pages)
adjn
A person who refrains from being sexually active is celibate. "They dated for three years in high school but committed to staying celibate until marriage — something they were grateful for after breaking up and marrying others when they got older.
While celibate comes from a 17th-century Latin term for "unmarried," today it's used for all people who don't engage in sexual activity. Priests and nuns vow to remain celibate as part of their religious commitments, and many youth groups and religious organizations promote staying celibate until marriage. As a noun, a celibate refers to one who practices celibacy — like the priests and nuns we mentioned.
WORD FAMILY
celibate: celibacy, celibates
USAGE EXAMPLES
Oh, yeah, Cannon also said, in response to grilling by the show’s hosts, "I attempt to be celibate, but stuff always happens."
Los Angeles Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Roman leads a quiet, celibate life and devotes his day to prayer and work.
Washington Times(Nov 13, 2016)
“I was celibate for like a year,” he said.
New York Times(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: n. 独身者
adj. 独身者的
分布：禁欲的(35%)，独身的(31%)，独身者(28%)，无性生活的人(6%)
→来自拉丁词caelebs，未婚的。
独身者(celib不结婚)[-ate 1.表动词"做,造成"2.表形容词"具有…的"3.表名词"人或地位"]
独身生活的人a独身的[celib=single(单个)]
【记】celib未婚的－独身的人ce读：色，libate＝liberate（v 自由，解放）：在色上比较自由－因为没结婚，没人管。
【参】celibacy（n 独身生活；禁欲；贞洁）
adjective
■not having sexual activity, especially because of making a religious promise to do this （尤指因为宗教承诺）独身的，禁欲的，没有性生活的
['sel.ɪ.bət] noun countable formal
■a person who does not have sex 禁欲者，无性生活者
adj. 独身的；禁欲的
 - stoical

Word: committal
Front: committal
[kəˈmɪtl] (-/13351)
Back: n. 收监; 拘押; 送入医院
分布：收监(45%)，委托(33%)，承诺(11%)，拘押(11%)
US [-'mɪtˌ-] specialized
noun uncountable
■the process of sending someone to a prison or mental hospital 收监；送入精神病院
• The psychiatric team decided that committal would not be beneficial in her case. 精神病专家小组判定，以她的情况将她送入精神病院没有益处。
n. 委托；承担义务；赞助；收监；献身（等于commitment）
 - dedication, delegation, consignment

Word: complainant
Front: complainant
[kəmˈpleinənt] (25208/16367)
Back: n. 发牢骚的人，原告
分布：原告(100%)
[kəm'pleɪ.nənt] legal
noun countable
■a person who makes a formal complaint in a court of law 原告，起诉人
n. [法] 原告；发牢骚的人；抱怨者
 - plaintiff, claimant

Word: commercialism
Front: commercialism
[kəˈmɜ:ʃəlɪzəm] (19499/23248)
Vocabulary: commercialism
(once / 12377 pages)
n
Commercialism is an attitude or philosophy devoted to supplying goods and services and making profits.
The root of commercialism is commerce, which is the buying and selling of things. It can help you remember what commercialism is if you remember that commercials try to sell you things. Commercialism puts profits above all, so sometimes people use this word in a negative sense. For example, people complain about commercialism at Christmas, saying the religious meaning gets drowned out by the message to buy.
WORD FAMILY
commercialism: commercialisms+/ commerce: commerces, commercial / commercial: commercialise, commercialism, commercialize, commercially, commercials, noncommercial, uncommercial/commercialise: commercialisation, commercialised, commercialising/commercialised: uncommercialised/commercialize: commercialization, commercialized, commercializes, commercializing/commercialized: uncommercialized/noncommercial: noncommercially/uncommercial: uncommercially
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s how we describe people who criticize the commercialism of Christmas.
Washington Post(Dec 09, 2016)
They are warmly applauded for their service and also callously exploited, fodder for a spectacle that collapses the difference between patriotic sentiment and gross commercialism.
New York Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Those hoping to find policy and political answers to the overwhelming commercialism of civic and cultural life in America won’t find them here.
Washington Post(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: n. 商业主义，重商主义
分布：商业主义(76%)，营利主义(24%)
US [-'mɝ:-] noun uncountable
■the principles and activity of commerce , especially those connected with profit and not quality or morals 商业主义；重商主义；利润第一主义
n. [贸易] 商业主义；营利主义；重商主义
 - mercantilism, mercantile system

Word: compunction
Front: compunction
[kəmˈpʌŋkʃn] (宝 27278/23676)
Vocabulary: compunction
(once / 2656 pages)
n
When you feel compunction you feel very, very sorry, usually for something you did to hurt someone or mess something up. When you feel no compunction, you're not at all sorry.
The noun compunction comes from the Latin verb compungere, meaning “prick sharply.” When you feel compunction, you feel a sharp prick of your conscience. The word compunction is often used in the negative in phrases like “without compunction” or "no compunction." You might say that the burglar acted without compunction when he stole your baseball card collection.
WORD FAMILY
compunction: compunctions
USAGE EXAMPLES
In an interview in March, he had no compunction about threatening the kingdom’s survivability.
Seattle Times(Nov 09, 2016)
The military dictators of the 1970s had little compunction about flooding vast areas of forest and displacing thousands of families.
Economist(Nov 03, 2016)
Still, the compunction to throw open every window — to insist that all secrets are bad and that transparency is always good — has an obvious cost.
Washington Post(Oct 24, 2016)
Back: n. 内疚，后悔，懊悔
分布：后悔(64%)，悔恨(26%)，良心的责备(10%)
→com-, 强调。-punct, 刺，击，词源同impugn, puncture.
后悔,悔恨(com共同+punct+ion→浑身像针刺一样→悔恨)[point,punct=point,make sharp,表示"点,变尖"]
【记】com共同，punct刺－我的感觉象被万箭穿心－因为我良心不安，做了对不起她的事。
【参】punctual（adj 准时的）；acupuncture（n 针灸疗法）
【反】absence of misgiving（没有担忧）
[kəm'pʌŋk.ʃən] formal
noun uncountable
■when you feel slightly guilty for something you have done or might do 良心的不安；内疚；自责；后悔
• I wouldn't have any compunction about telling him to leave. 我不会因为叫他走开而觉得内疚。
n. 悔恨，后悔；内疚
 - the worm of conscience, repentance

Word: conciliator
Front: conciliator
[kənˈsɪlieɪtə(r)] (36726/35006)
Back: n. 安抚者，劝慰者
分布：调解人(54%)，抚慰者(35%)，仲裁者(11%)
n. 抚慰者；调解人
 - pacifier, soother

Word: defeatist
Front: defeatist
[dɪˈfi:tɪst] (宝 28702/23364)
Vocabulary: defeatist
(once / 44602 pages)
n
Having a defeatist attitude means that you give up before you've even started, like the runner who is so convinced he's going to lose the race that he doesn't even bother to go to the starting line.
A defeatist is the opposite of an optimist. A defeatist is convinced that he's going to fail, and he isn't surprised when he does fail. This is how a defeatist might propose to his girlfriend: "I'm sure you're going to say 'no,' so why don't you just go ahead and reject me now."
WORD FAMILY
defeatist: defeatists+/ defeat: defeated, defeating, defeatism, defeats/defeated: defeatedly, undefeated/defeating: self-defeating/defeatism: defeatist
USAGE EXAMPLES
This starts by putting the rise of the far right in proper perspective, and by creating an inspiring, rather than a defeatist, narrative.
The Guardian(Dec 07, 2016)
The gloom and doom reflected in these comments is defeatist and accomplishes nothing.
New York Times(Nov 08, 2016)
Now is not the time for defeatist attitudes.
Washington Times(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 失败主义者
分布：失败主义者(74%)，失败主义者的(26%)
US [-tˌɪst] disapproving
adjective
■having no hope and expecting to fail 失败主义的
• Being defeatist will get us nowhere. 失败主义将使我们一事无成。
• He's got such a defeatist attitude. 他竟然采取这样一种失败主义的态度。

Word: dada

Word: cusco

Word: cubism

Word: darby

Word: dank
Front: dank
[dæŋk] (托宝 16049/21252)
Vocabulary: dank
(once / 3930 pages)
adj
You can describe something that is unpleasantly cool, damp, and clammy as dank. If you have ever visited a cave or unfinished basement, you know how a dank place feels. Yuck.
The adjective dank is often used to describe places that would have moist or damp walls. A dank cave can provide hundreds of bats shelter, but you probably wouldn't want to visit them. Tunnels can also be choice dank locations: "The tunnel under the harbor was always dank, and the workers constantly had to battle mold and lichen on the tile walls." One way to remember dank's meaning is to think of dark since they share three letters and seem to go together; a dank place is often a dark one as well.
WORD FAMILY
dank: danker, dankest, dankly, dankness
USAGE EXAMPLES
The dank holes are dangerous places, he says, because sharp objects are sometimes thrown down.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Amidst the “dank memes” and “drugs that make the music suck less,” Crystal and Jack realize they may have more in common than they thought.
Time(Nov 29, 2016)
I was drunk, nearing my 35th birthday this past May, alone in a dank college dorm room, attending my five-year grad school reunion.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: adj. 阴湿的，阴冷的; 潮呼呼; 冒出
级别：danker, dankest
分布：潮湿(67%)，阴湿的(23%)，沼泽地(10%)
→词源不详。可能来自damp.-k, 加强音，比较hear, hark, tale, talk.
【记】读：蛋壳。你们没有留着蛋壳的癖好吧，用完了就扔到垃圾桶里，你们家的垃圾桶也不会放在阳光明媚的地方吧，垃圾桶里肯定是又阴又湿。因为sank（vi 沉下的过去式），所以dank
adjective
■(especially of buildings and air) wet, cold and unpleasant （尤指建筑物或空气）阴冷潮湿的，湿冷的
• a dank, dark cellar 阴暗湿冷的地窖
• In the cathedral vaults the air was dank and stale. 大教堂地窖里的空气湿冷并带有霉味。
adj. 潮湿的；阴湿的；透水的
 - wet, humid

Word: croon
Front: croon
[kru:n] (宝 15619/22173 -1)
Vocabulary: croon
(once / 2511 pages)
v
To croon is to sing a soft or emotional song. A father might croon a lullaby to his baby as she falls asleep. Elvis Presley was known to croon to the ladies.
The verb croon is originally a Scottish word, from the Middle Dutch root kronen, "to lament or mourn." When you croon, you hum or sing in a soft, low voice, like your heart is breaking. You might croon to your child or sweetheart, or maybe you croon in the shower. In the 1930s and 40s, a "crooner" was a singer who was known for specializing in sentimental jazz songs.
WORD FAMILY
croon: crooned, crooner, crooning, croons+/ crooner: crooners/crooning: croonings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Cyrus, 24, shed tears as the little girl crooned and Hemsworth, 26, said “Wow! You were amazing” after the song was over.
Time(Dec 31, 2016)
While  discussing “Singin’ in the Rain,” she started to croon “Moses Supposes.”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
“Some day, when I’m awfully low,” Sinatra crooned as “The Way You Look Tonight” began.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 低声歌唱; 柔情地轻哼﹑轻唱或低声述说; 深情地唱
n. 轻唱，轻哼; 低吟，低吟声
时态：crooned, crooning, croons
分布：轻哼(26%)，低吟(25%)，低声歌唱(21%)，低吟声(14%)，轻哼声(14%)
→拟声词，模仿浅吟低唱的声音。
【记】cr哭，roon＝room：一个人躲在屋子里哭，既然是躲在屋子里哭，肯定是不想让别人知道（可能是考了240），这样声音就会比较温柔。即使你不温柔，我在门外头听着也不会是很大的声音。
verb intransitive or transitive
■to sing or talk in a sweet low voice full of emotion 柔声低唱；吟唱；低语

Word: dowager
Front: dowager
[ˈdaʊədʒə(r)] (26408/22277)
Back: n. 继承亡夫爵位（或遗产的）遗孀，贵妇
分布：老年贵妇(100%)
→来自古法语douagere, 来自词根don, 给予，词源同data, donate. 用来指孀居贵妇。
US [-dʒɚ] noun countable specialized
■a woman of high social rank whose husband is dead but who has a title and property because of her marriage to him （继承了亡夫头衔和财产的）寡居贵妇
• a dowager queen 寡居的王后
literary
■an old woman who is, or behaves as if she is, of high social rank 贵妇人；气度不凡的老妇人
n. 贵妇；继承亡夫爵位的遗孀；老年贵妇人
 - senhora

Word: dispensable
Front: dispensable
[dɪˈspensəbl] (托宝 31261/34874)
Vocabulary: dispensable
(once / 528 pages)
adj
Something that's dispensable isn't necessary — you don't really need it. Your vintage typewriter is cool, but it's also dispensable, since you can type and print with your laptop.
If robots are invented to do most of the jobs in the world, human workers will become dispensable, or unneeded. Likewise, many home chefs might insist that if you have a really good, sharp knife, other tools like peelers and choppers and food processors are completely dispensable. The earliest definition of this word was "subject to dispensation," from the Latin dispensare, "disburse or distribute," although by the 1640s dispensable meant "that which can be done without."
WORD FAMILY
dispensable: dispensability, dispensableness, indispensable +/ dispensary: dispensaries/ dispensation: dispensations/ dispense: dispensable, dispensary, dispensation, dispensed, dispenser, dispenses, dispensing/dispenser: dispensers/indispensability: indispensabilities/ indispensable: indispensability, indispensableness, indispensably
USAGE EXAMPLES
And since they are not issued playbooks and therefore possess no secret institutional knowledge, they are – as Blair Walsh learned last week – dispensable.
The Guardian(Nov 23, 2016)
But if Pence is dispensable to the candidate he is essential to the candidacy.
The New Yorker(Oct 05, 2016)
Some might see Mr Maduro as dispensable, he said: a movement would not be sacrificed for “an already worn-out leadership.”
Economist(Sep 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 非必需的，可省去的; 不必要
分布：可有可无的(92%)，不是必要的(8%)
→来自dispense, 分配，分发。即可分发出去的，可有可无的。
可分配的;不重要的(dispense+able→能分送出去→不重要的)[pend,pens,pond=weight,expend,表示"称重量,称银子",引申为"花费"]
【记】indispensable（adj 必不可少的）
adjective
■more than you need and therefore not necessary; that can be got rid of 可有可无的，非必需的
• It seemed the soldiers were regarded as dispensable - their deaths just didn't matter. 那些士兵似乎被认为是可有可无——他们的死无关紧要。
Opposite indispensable

Word: demonic
Front: demonic
[diˈmɒnɪk] (15779/19351)
Vocabulary: demonic
(once / 15697 pages)
adj
Demonic is a word to describe behavior or people who are extremely evil or cruel.
It helps to understand this word if you know a demon is a creature of hell. Demonic has that same kind of hellish, diabolical, fiendish, infernal, satanic, unholy quality. This word should not be used lightly. Stealing a candy bar, though wrong, is not demonic. Truly evil behavior, like being a serial killer, is more likely to be described as demonic. In superhero movies, the supervillains are likely to be demonic, since they are more evil than common storybook villains.
WORD FAMILY
demonic: demonically+/ demon: demonic, demonise, demonism, demonize, demons/demonise: demonisation, demonised/demonism: demonolatry/demonization: demonizations/demonize: demonization, demonized, demonizes, demonizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
In this emergency without end, figures such as Gaza and his demonic dad will always offer to carry into paradise “those who’d escaped from hell”.
Economist(Dec 15, 2016)
The voice Donnie uses when he’s talking to Frank, the demonic bunny rabbit, was my choice.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
The seventh result is: “Jews are demonic souls from a different world.”
The Guardian(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 恶魔的，魔鬼似的，恶魔般的
分布：恶魔般的(62%)，疯狂的(23%)，=demonical.(15%)
US [-'mɑ:.nɪk] adjective
■wild and evil 凶恶的，恶魔般的
• He had a demonic (= cruel) gleam in his eye. 他眼里闪出一道凶光。
adj. 有魔力的，恶魔的
 - magic, diabolical

Word: dino
Front: dino
['di:nəʊ] (-/28639)
Back: n. 意大利人，流浪汉
分布：名词(100%)
n. 意大利人，流浪汉
 - italian, ginzo

Word: dislocate
Front: dislocate
[ˈdɪsləkeɪt] (宝 18786/18923 -1)
Vocabulary: dislocate
(once / 2040 pages)
v
To dislocate is to move something out of its correct or regular place, or disrupt it. When a family moves to a new town, it dislocates the kids, and if you throw a bowling ball, you might dislocate your shoulder.
A hurricane can dislocate boats, beach homes, and sea creatures, and a football injury can also dislocate your shoulder — moving the bone out of the joint in which it normally sits. It's painful to dislocate a bone, and it can be painful in a different way when circumstances dislocate your life. The Latin root is dislocare, "put out of place," from dis-, "away," and locare, "to place."
WORD FAMILY
dislocate: dislocated, dislocates, dislocating, dislocation+/bilocation: bilocations/dislocation: dislocations/ locate: dislocate, located, locater, locates, locating, location, locator, relocate /located: unlocated/locater: locaters/ location: bilocation, locations/locator: locators/ relocate: relocated, relocates, relocating, relocation / relocation: relocations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Film language is well equipped to convey the dislocated shifts in time that are characteristic of grieving.
The Guardian(Dec 30, 2016)
Bridgewater’s prognosis is uncertain after dislocating his left knee and tearing multiple ligaments, including the ACL, in practice in late August.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
John Fulkerson also was in Tennessee’s starting lineup before dislocating his elbow on Dec. 15.
Seattle Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: vt. 使关节脱位; 使（交通，事务等）混乱
时态：dislocated, dislocating, dislocates
分布：使脱臼(58%)，使混乱(42%)
→dis-, 不，非，使相反。locate, 位于，放置。即脱离原来位置，脱臼。
使脱节,移位(dis离开+locate位于→位置离开→移位)[loc=place,表示"地方"]
【记】locate（v位于；定位）
US [dɪ'sloʊ-] verb transitive
■to force a bone suddenly out of its correct position 使骨头错位（或移位、脱臼）
• She dislocated her knee falling down some steps. 她从几级台阶上摔下来，造成膝盖骨错位。
■to have a negative effect on the working of something 扰乱，干扰
vt. 使脱臼；使混乱
 - cloud, confuse

Word: dragnet
Front: dragnet
[ˈdrægnet] (26461/49543)
Vocabulary: dragnet
(once / 24171 pages)
n
If you suddenly start noticing police officers around every corner, you might be watching a dragnet in progress. A dragnet is a coordinated attempt to catch a criminal.
Dragnet originally referred to a kind of net for catching fish. It can now also indicate a less literal type of net: one that catches crooks. Police may use a dragnet if they know a wanted criminal is in a certain neighborhood. When cops set up a dragnet, they may call in extra officers, fence off areas from civilians, and arm themselves heavily. This word became famous because of the TV show Dragnet, which featured Sergeant Joe Friday.
WORD FAMILY
dragnet: dragnets
USAGE EXAMPLES
A similar dragnet at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory would yield plenty of genius-level fluid dynamicists responsible for computerized models of the Earth’s atmosphere.
Slate(Dec 27, 2016)
“The nature of the DHS’ requests delves into personal information, creating an information dragnet.”
Washington Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Some fear getting caught and even disappearing in the dragnet of government detentions.
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 拖网，搜索网
分布：拖网(53%)，搜索网(26%)，收集装置(21%)
→drag, 拉。net网。
noun countable
■a series of actions taken by the police which are intended to catch criminals 撒网行动，抓捕方案
• The police have widened their dragnet in their search for the killer. 警方已经把搜捕杀手的网张大了。
■a heavy net that is pulled along the bottom of a river or area of water when searching for something 拖网，拉网
n. 搜索网； [水产] 拖网；法网；收集装置（等于drawnet）
 - townet

Word: dramatise

Word: encamp
Front: encamp
[ɪnˈkæmp] (27686/25575)
Back: v. 扎营
时态：encamped, encamping, encamps
分布：扎营(52%)，露营(40%)，宿营(8%)
→en-, 进入，使。camp, 营地。
宿营(en进入+camp营地)[camp=field表示"田野"]
[ɪn'kæmp] mainly UK (US usually camp)
verb intransitive or transitive formal
■to make an encampment or put someone in an encampment （使）扎营；（使）宿营；（使）露营
vi. 扎营；露营
 - camp, sit down
vt. 露营；在…扎营
 - outlie

Word: embellishment
Front: embellishment
[ɪm'belɪʃmənt] (托 18280/19271)
Vocabulary: embellishment
(once / 3415 pages)
n
Does your cupcake have chocolate icing on top, plus chocolate sprinkles AND a swirl of white chocolate? If so, that swirl of white chocolate is considered an embellishment — an unnecessary decorative detail designed purely to attract you. Also, can we have a bite?
Anything can have an embellishment, not just a cupcake; a building can have an unnecessary decorative element, and so can an explanation or a story. There is often a sense of deception implied by the word: it may be a harmless swirl of white chocolate but it can also be a detail designed to fool someone. Real estate agents are experts at adding embellishments to their descriptions of properties that may not be entirely true. Watch out for embellishments.
WORD FAMILY
embellishment: embellishments+/ embellish: embellished, embellishes, embellishing, embellishment /embellished: unembellished
USAGE EXAMPLES
The movie, Washington says, allowed the filmmakers to supply a few embellishments.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
The problem with William McCrum’s penalty invention is that because it was so simple, it left little room for embellishment.
The Guardian(Dec 15, 2016)
With this footage, the shows offer a wonderful and detailed overview of sound capture and embellishment.
Washington Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 装饰，修饰，润色
分布：装饰(50%)，修饰(30%)，润色(20%)
N-VAR
装饰;修饰
An embellishment is a decoration added to something to make it seem more attractive or interesting.
例：...Renaissance embellishments.文艺复兴时期的装饰
例：...public buildings with little bits of decoration and embellishment.没有太多装潢的公共建筑
n. [服装] 装饰， [建] 修饰；润色
 - decoration, adornment

Word: drudge
Front: drudge
[drʌdʒ] (27341/43209)
Vocabulary: drudge
(once / 1430 pages)
nv
A drudge is someone who works very hard, especially at a job that is boring. To drudge is to work hard.
One thing just about everyone has in common is complaining about work. Drudges have a little more to complain about than others: a drudge is someone whose job is difficult but isn't very interesting. Factories and coal mines are full of drudges: diligent folks doing work that isn't super-interesting. Such work is often called drudgery. Also, when you're working hard at anything, you can call it drudging. We all drudge when we have something to do that we would rather avoid.
WORD FAMILY
drudge: drudged, drudgery, drudges, drudging+/ drudgery: drudgeries/drudging: drudgingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Matt Drudge wondered aloud Thursday evening whether his popular site was the object of a U.S. government cyberattack.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
He later served as D.C. bureau chief and White House correspondent for the New York Post and editor at the hugely influential Drudge Report.
Washington Times(Dec 18, 2016)
A few days later, the Internet upstart Drudge Report broke the news, instead.
Washington Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 做苦工的人，劳碌的人
vi. 做苦工，操劳
时态：drudged, drudging, drudges
分布：苦工(55%)，劳碌的人(15%)，劳碌(15%)，做苦差事(15%)
→可能来自endure, 忍受，忍耐。-dge, 拼写受judge, grudge,edge 等影响。
【记】读：抓纸－捡破烂的－苦工dredge（v 疏通）读：拽纸
vi. 做苦工，干苦力
 - swink
n. 做苦工的人
 - dogsbody, galley slave

Word: epileptic
Front: epileptic
[ˌepɪ'leptɪk] (25147/20380)
Back: adj. 由癫痫引发的
n. 癫痫病患者
分布：癫间性的(50%)，癫间的(25%)，癫间患者(25%)
adjective
■suffering from, or caused by epilepsy 患癫痫的；由癫痫引起的
• an epileptic fit 癫痫发作
• Her aunt is epileptic. 她姑姑患有癫痫。
[ˌep.ɪ'lep.tɪk] noun countable
■someone who has epilepsy 癫痫患者

Word: eskimo

Word: felicity
Front: felicity
[fəˈlɪsəti] (-/10891)
Vocabulary: felicity
(once / 693 pages)
1n 2n
Felicity is a state of happiness or the quality of joy. Sitting on the roof with a telescope and iced tea on a clear, starry night is one way to find perfect felicity — a happy place.
Felicity comes from the Latin fēlīcitās, meaning "happiness." A synonym for felicity is "blissfulness." People, places, and things can have felicity: "His personality was so warm and full of felicity that we felt at ease the minute we met him." Or you can be in a state of felicity: "A full stomach, a fluffy couch, and the felicity of a Sunday-afternoon nap."
WORD FAMILY
felicity: felicitate, felicities, felicitous, infelicity+/felicitate: felicitated, felicitates, felicitating, felicitation / felicitation: felicitations/ felicitous: felicitously, felicitousness/ infelicitous: infelicitously/infelicity: infelicities, infelicitous
USAGE EXAMPLES
Interview with Felicity Jones, heroine of 'Rogue One’
Los Angeles Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Felicity Jones’s awful “I rebel” line is absent.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
He and the team at Lucasfilm settled on English actress Felicity Jones, 33, to play the part.
Seattle Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. 幸福; 恰当，妥帖
分布：幸福(82%)，幸运(14%)，措辞得体恰当(4%)
→来自拉丁词根fe, 吮吸，吸奶，乳汁，词源同female, fecund. 原义为乳汁丰富的，引申词义多产，幸福，喜悦。后用于指语言的恰当，贴切，即使人满意。
幸福;得体[felic=happy(幸福)]
【记】fe佛，li立，city：佛爷立在city上，保佑大家的幸福，所以在和佛爷说话的时候要得体根：felic幸福
【区】felicitate（v 祝贺，庆祝＝congratulate；愿…幸福）；felicitous[SAT]（adj 在表达方面适当得体的＝appropriate）
US [-ə.tˌi] noun literary
HAPPINESS 幸福
uncountable
■happiness, luck, or a condition which produces positive results 幸福；幸运；令人幸福的事
• the dubious felicity of marriage 婚姻的忧喜未卜
UK [fə'lɪs.ɪ.ti] US [-ə.tˌi] noun literary
SUITABLE WORDS 恰当的文字
uncountable
■when words or remarks are suitable and express what was intended （文字或语言的）贴切，恰当，得体
• As a songwriter, he combined great linguistic felicity with an ear for a tune. 作为一名词曲作者，他既深谙乐曲的曲调又有着不俗的文采。
countable usually plural
■a word or remark which is suitable or right and expresses well the intended thought or feeling 恰当的语句；精妙的评论
• Her article contained one or two verbal felicities which will stay in my mind for years. 她的文章中有一两句精妙之语，会令我多年难以忘怀。
n. 幸福；快乐；幸运
 - happiness, welfare, pleasure, joy, mercy

Word: fart
Front: fart
[fɑ:t] (18709/22548 -1)
Vocabulary: fart
(once / 23686 pages)
vn
We don’t all like to admit it, but we all fart. That is, we all pass smelly gas out of our anus.
Kids — and a few adults too — find farting funny. If someone lets out a long fart during church or class, someone is bound to laugh. However, the teacher probably won’t laugh, and the culprit could be in big trouble. Be careful about accusing others of farting, because one of the oldest rules of the schoolyard is “He who smelt it, dealt it.” A less slangy word for fart is flatulence.
WORD FAMILY
fart: farted, farting, farts
Back: vi. <讳>放屁
n. <讳>放屁; 讨厌的人; 令人厌烦的人; 蠢人
时态：farted, farting, farts
分布：屁(54%)，放屁(42%)，闲荡(3%)，过时的人(1%)
→拟声词，模仿放屁的声音。
US [fɑ:rt] verb intransitive very informal
■to release gas from the bowels through the bottom 放屁
UK [fɑ:t] US [fɑ:rt] verb intransitive very informal
  Phrasal Verbs  fart about/around UK offensive
■to waste time doing silly or unnecessary things 闲荡；浪荡；无所事事
• Stop farting about and help me tidy up. 别闲荡了，来帮我收拾吧。
UK [fɑ:t] US [fɑ:rt] noun countable
PERSON 人 offensive
■a boring, annoying or unpleasant person 令人厌烦的人；讨厌的人
• He's a pompous old fart. 他是个自负又烦人的老东西。
UK [fɑ:t] US [fɑ:rt] noun countable
GAS 气体 very informal
■an escape of gas from the bowels 放屁
• to do a fart 放屁
n. 屁，放屁
 - broken wind, flatus
vi. 放屁
 - break wind, pass wind

Word: fiddler
Front: fiddler
[ˈfɪdlə(r)] (22951/21104)
Back: n. 拉提琴的人; 小提琴家; 爱玩乐的人，游手好闲的人; (账目等的弄虚作假
分布：游手好闲的人(60%)，拉小提琴的人(40%)
→来自fiddle, 用提琴演奏。
US [-lɚ] noun countable informal
■a violin player 小提琴手，小提琴家
n. 拉提琴的人；小提琴手；骗子；游荡者
 - fraud, sharp

Word: exoskeleton
Front: exoskeleton
[ˈeksəʊskelɪtn] (26060/-)
Back: n. 外骨骼
分布：皮骨骼(100%)
→exo-, 外面，来自ex-. skeleton, 骨骼。
US [ˌek.soʊ'skel.ə-] noun countable specialized
■a hard outer layer that covers, supports and protects the body of an invertebrate animal such as an insect or crustacean 外骨骼（昆虫和甲壳纲动物裸露在身体表面的用于支撑和保护身体的骨骼） Compare endoskeleton

Word: filer
Front: filer
['faɪlə] (23119/-)
Back: n. 文件编档员，锉磨工人，文件装订员; 锉工
分布：文件装钉员(44%)，锉磨工人(28%)，文件编档员(28%)

Word: fanny
Front: fanny
[ˈfæni] (22232/16835)
Back: n. 臀部，屁股
分布：Frances 的昵称)(50%)，范妮(女子名(50%)
→俚语词。据说来自丑闻小说“Fanny Hill or Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure”,其中Fanny为Frances昵称。或可能直接来自对法国人的恶搞。比较French letter.
noun countable UK offensive
■a woman's sexual organs 女性生殖器；阴部
US old-fashioned informal
■a person's bottom 屁股

Word: eunuch
Front: eunuch
[ˈju:nək] (23847/23867)
Vocabulary: eunuch
(once / 1611 pages)
n
Not a word for the faint-hearted, eunuch sounds like "you nick," and if you castrate a man you make him a eunuch by...uh...nicking the testicles with a knife or scalpel and removing them.
Eunuch comes from the Greek eunoukhos, meaning "bedroom guard." In history a eunuch was a man whose job was to guard the bedroom door of a royal woman to protect her. These guards were castrated to make them less threatening to the women they guarded. Later, some men underwent castration so their high voices wouldn't deepen during puberty, and these eunuch singers became famous in opera houses.
WORD FAMILY
eunuch: eunuches, eunuchs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Experiencing Ludlam in his Off Off Broadway camp epic “Eunuchs of the Forbidden City” was like being hit by a delirious tidal wave.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
The first-act bazaar, with its animated merchants, slaves, townspeople, eunuchs and pirates, bustles colorfully.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 20, 2016)
“My biggest concern now is those eunuchs will not give up the influence they used to have without protest,” Mr. Ma said.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. 太监，宦官
分布：太监(89%)，柔弱的男人(11%)
→来自希腊语eunoukhos, 床边侍者。来自eune, 床，词源不详，可能来自wen, 追寻，渴求，词源同 Venus. -okh, 持，握，词源同epoch, school. 后来用来指阉人，太监。
['ju:.nək] (plural eunuchs)
noun countable
■a man who has had his testicles removed 阉人，太监；去势者
n. 太监；阉人
 - gelding

Word: frivolity
Front: frivolity
[frɪˈvɒləti] (托 24829/21360)
Vocabulary: frivolity
(once / 2860 pages)
n
Frivolity is a type of clownishness or silliness. Frivolity is the opposite of getting down to business in a serious way.
If people are running around a classroom, throwing things, and laughing, the teacher might say, "Why all the frivolity?" This is a word for clowning or horsing around — not being serious. There's a happy flavor to this word. Giggling when you should be listening could be considered frivolity. Also, anything that's insignificant is a type of frivolity, as in "That's nothing! Just a bit of frivolity!"
WORD FAMILY
frivolity: frivolities+/ frivolous: frivolity, frivolously, frivolousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
The 30-year Christmas sweatshirt that is guaranteed to see you through three decades worth of festive frivolities.
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
Carrick, the older man by 15 years, was much too wise for that kind of frivolity.
The Guardian(Dec 11, 2016)
But preserving the frivolities associated with student-run newspapers and magazines is just as vital.
Slate(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 轻松的乐事，兴高采烈; 轻浮的举止
分布：轻浮(59%)，轻薄(31%)，轻佻(10%)
→来自frivolous, 愚蠢的，可笑的。
US [-'vɑ:.lə.tˌi] noun countable or uncountable
■silly and thoughtless behaviour, or silly and not important things 愚蠢轻率的行为；无关痛痒的事物
• You shouldn't treat such a serious subject with frivolity. 对待如此严肃的话题不能敷衍轻视。
• I'm far too busy to waste time on frivolities like going to the cinema. 我忙得不可开交，不会把时间浪费在看电影之类无聊的事上。
n. 轻浮；轻薄；轻率
 - levity, triviality

Word: fluorescence
Front: fluorescence
[flu:ə'resəns] (21753/26665)
Back: n. 荧光，荧光性
分布：荧光(99%)，发荧光(1%)
n. [光] [核] [物] 荧光；荧光性
 - fluorescent light

Word: fractal
Front: fractal
[ˈfræktl] (21211/41170)
Back: n. （经典几何学中没有表示的）不规则碎片形
→来自bhreg, 分开，破开，词源同break, fragment, fraction. 用于数学名词。
noun countable specialized
■a complicated irregular line or pattern in mathematics built from simple repeated shapes that are reduced in size every time they are repeated 碎形（数学里，利用简单的形状，将其不断重复，每次重复都把形状缩小，如此构成的复杂的不规则线条或图案）
• Fractals are used in the study of things like forked lightning and to produce some types of computer graphics. 碎形用于研究如叉状闪电的东西，或制作某些电脑图像。
• The way that the trunk of a tree divides into smaller and smaller branches and twigs is an approximate fractal pattern. 树干逐渐分成小树枝、嫩枝的方式和一个碎形图案相似。

Word: foreground
Front: foreground
[ˈfɔ:graʊnd] (8564/11693 -1)
Vocabulary: foreground
(once / 1788 pages)
nv
When you're watching a movie, you can describe what's happening up close to the camera as being in the foreground.
The foreground is the opposite of the background, which is the part of a photograph, painting, or scene that's farthest away from you. Some photographers tend to focus sharply on the foreground while letting the rest of the picture go blurry. The noun foreground was first used specifically for talking about painting, and it came from fore, "before" or "in front," and ground, or "foundation."
WORD FAMILY
foreground: foregrounds+/ ground: foreground, grounded, grounder, grounding, groundless, grounds, underground/grounder: grounders/grounding: foregrounding, groundings/groundless: groundlessly, groundlessness/underground: undergrounds
USAGE EXAMPLES
If the day is hazy, McKim finds every misty color at play in both his foregrounds and vanishing points.
Seattle Times(Dec 27, 2016)
In the foreground is a group of a dozen or so Japanese soldiers huddled around the rising-sun flag.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 06, 2016)
The vantage point of my drawing foregrounds the tower into its neighborhood context of St. Brigid’s church, school, and Tompkins Square Park.
Slate(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 前景; 突出的地方， 最显著的位置
时态：foregrounded, foregrounding, foregrounds
分布：前景(99%)，最显著的位置(1%)
US ['fɔ:r-] noun only singular
the foreground
■the people, objects, countryside, etc. in a picture or photograph that seem nearest to you and form its main part （图片或照片的）前景
• In the foreground of the painting is a horse and cart. 油画的前景是一架马车。
Compare background the area of most importance and activity, or which people pay attention to 重要位置；瞩目地位
• Historically, issues of this kind have not occupied the foreground of political debate. 从历史上看，这类问题在政治辩论中没有占据过显要位置。
UK ['fɔ:.graʊnd] US ['fɔ:r-] verb transitive
■to give the most importance to a particular subject, etc 强调，突出（某事物的重要性）
• His speech foregrounded the history of the decision. 他的演讲强调了这个决定的历史。
n. [摄] 前景；最显著的位置
 - prospects

Word: firefly
Front: firefly
[ˈfaɪəflaɪ] (宝 16424/23570)
Back: n. 萤火虫
分布：萤火虫(100%)
【记】fire，fly（蝇）－火蝇－萤火虫
US ['faɪr-] noun countable
■an insect which is active during the night and whose tail shines on and off in the dark 萤火虫
n. [昆] 萤火虫
 - glow-worm

Word: girder
Front: girder
[ˈgɜ:də(r)] (托宝 20797/21774)
Vocabulary: girder
(once / 5095 pages)
n
A girder is any of the many beams used in buildings and bridges that provide support and actually hold them up.
If you've ever seen a building going up, you know the first they do is put up a steel or wood skeleton that will eventually take the weight of the roof, the siding, the floors and all the rooms inside. That skeleton is made of girders. Bridges also are made with girders, but they usually remain visible long after the steel beams in buildings have been covered by glass, brick and wood.
WORD FAMILY
girder: girders
USAGE EXAMPLES
He is adding three feet of depth while also removing the center column, which involved installing a 4,000-pound girder across the ceiling for support.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Metal girders and the corrugated iron roof crashed onto worshippers as the structure collapsed.
Seattle Times(Dec 16, 2016)
While waiting for the crane, Eyibio helped a man whose legs were trapped under a girder.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 大梁
分布：名词(100%)
→来自gird, 围，绕，引申义支撑。
【记】读：咯噔（一声）大梁折了；garble一声，大梁弯曲了－曲解读：歌德－歌德是德国文学的大梁
US ['gɝ:.dɚ] noun countable
■a long thick piece of steel or concrete, etc. which supports a roof, floor, bridge or other large structure 大梁，纵梁
• steel roof girders 钢制屋梁
n. [建] 大梁，纵梁
 - sommer, carling

Word: glaringly
Front: glaringly
['ɡleərɪŋlɪ] (27906/33184)
Back: adv. 显而易见地; 耀目地，显目地
分布：耀目地(75%)，显著地(25%)

Word: gan
Front: gan
[ɡæn] None
Back: v. <古>gin的过去式
v. 开始；着手（gin的过去式）
 - began, launched, initiated

Word: girlie
Front: girlie
[ˈgɜ:li] (25995/32989)
Back: adj. <非正>（杂志或图片）以表现裸体女子为特色的， 色情的
n. 少女
分布：少女的(34%)，=girly.(33%)，衣着暴露的女子的(33%)
US ['gɝ:-] adjective
girlie magazine/picture/etc.
■a magazine/etc. which shows women wearing few or no clothes 刊载女子裸体（或半裸体）照片的杂志／女子裸体（或半裸体）的照片等
■informal
■typically feminine in character, or suitable for girls rather than boys 女孩子的；适合少女的
• My sister has always been a very girlie girl, not like me. 我姐姐一贯很淑女，跟我不一样。
• We had a real girlie chat. 我们一起聊了很多女孩子们感兴趣的话题。
• We do lots of girlie things together. 我们常在一起做些女生们喜欢做的事情。
• disapproving Sometimes she speaks in this silly, girly voice. 有时候她用这种傻乎乎的小女孩腔调说话。
n. 少女
 - jill, burd, bobby-soxer
adj. 色情的
 - pornographic, sexy

Word: grapevine
Front: grapevine
[ˈgreɪpvaɪn] (17269/18814 -1)
Vocabulary: grapevine
(once / 8907 pages)
n
The grapevine is a word for gossip. Anything heard on the grapevine was learned by word of mouth.
In the Civil War, a grapevine telegraph was a gadget used for communicating. From there, people started talking about "the grapevine" as a source of information, especially gossip. If you heard from a friend of a friend that another friend is getting married, you heard it on the grapevine. If your cousin's cousin told you about a family scandal, you heard it on the grapevine. The grapevine is unofficial and full of hearsay: what you hear might not be accurate.
WORD FAMILY
grapevine: grapevines
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Grapevine was closed for periods in recent weeks because of heavy snowfall, and some motorists were temporarily stranded on mountain roads.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 02, 2017)
And a grapevine that snaked up the window of my basement office.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
They replaced the Milnes’ grapevines with all new rootstock.
Washington Times(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: n. 葡萄藤; 谣传，流言; 小道消息; 消息的秘密来源
分布：葡萄藤(69%)，葡萄树(25%)，秘密信息来源(6%)
→来自18世纪初电报系统初问世时，铺设的线路杂乱无章形如葡萄藤而得名。由电报引申词义小道消息。
['greɪp.vaɪn] (also vine)
noun countable
■a type of climbing plant on which grapes grow 葡萄藤；葡萄属植物
['greɪp.vaɪn] (also vine)
noun countable
hear (sth) on/through the grapevine
■to hear news from someone who heard the news from someone else 从传闻中听说；透过道听途说获悉；听小道消息知道
• I heard on the grapevine that he was leaving - is it true? 我听到传闻说他要离开了——是真的吗？
n. 葡萄树；葡萄藤；小道消息；秘密情报网
 - vine

Word: habitation
Front: habitation
[ˌhæbɪˈteɪʃn] (17865/14815)
Vocabulary: habitation
(once / 657 pages)
n
Habitation is the state of living somewhere. When an area has no human habitation, it means that no people live there.
Use the noun habitation to talk about the place where a person or animal lives, or the process or act of living in a specific spot. You can say that your family's habitation in Oregon lasted for five years, although it's more common to talk in a general way about habitation. The habitation of wolves in the American west, for example, has increased recently. The Latin root is habitationem, "act of dwelling," which comes from habitare, "to live or to dwell."
WORD FAMILY
habitation: habitations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Nearly 85 percent were sleeping in places not meant for human habitation, like apartment laundry rooms, abandoned porches or their cars.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
To keep his insurance policy, he scheduled meetings with agents at restaurants instead of a structure deemed unfit for habitation.
Washington Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Gallo said the neighborhood was once an industrial zone and that many warehouses and vacant commercial buildings unfit for habitation remain.
Time(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: n. 居住; 住宅，家
分布：居住(86%)，住所(14%)
noun uncountable formal
■the act of living in a building 居住
unfit for human habitation
■describes a house that is too dirty or dangerous for people to be allowed to live in it （房屋）不适合人居住
home, building, residence, shelter, dwelling, habitation, house
这组词都有“居住处”的意思，其区别是：
home: 指永久住家时，带有家庭所特有的温暖、情感等气息。
building: 泛指一切建筑物，不限于居住的房子。
residence: 指大而堂皇的寓所或公馆，也指法律上的居住点。
shelter: 可指长期或临时的住处，也指简陋或临时搭建的躲避风雨的场所。
dwelling: 正式用词，仅指人们居住的任何建筑物。
habitation: 指长久或固定的住所或居住地。
house: 中性词，泛指一切供居住的建筑物，尤指适合一家一户居住的房屋。
n. 居住；住所
 - residence, place, occupancy

Word: hearse
Front: hearse
[hɜ:s] (20323/22040)
Vocabulary: hearse
(once / 3790 pages)
n
A hearse is a long black car with a very specific purpose: carrying a coffin to a church or cemetery.
Some vehicles have very specific functions, and the hearse is one of them. It's only use is for carrying coffins, usually to or from a church or cemetery. As with most things surrounding funerals, a hearse is black. It's also long, so it can fit the coffin. Before cars were invented, hearses were pulled by horses. Of all the vehicles in the world, the hearse is probably the most depressing.
WORD FAMILY
hearse: hearses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Six airmen in battle fatigues, combat boots and white gloves slowly moved his casket from inside the cavernous cargo plane to a waiting hearse.
Time(Dec 01, 2016)
A hearse, repurposed as a taxi, happened to drive by.
New York Times(Nov 26, 2016)
When Ms. Nicol died in 2001, seven years after her husband, her hearse took a lap around the track en route to the cemetery.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 柩车，灵车
vt. 埋葬; 隐蔽
分布：灵车(81%)，柩车(19%)
→来自古法语herce,耙子，来自拉丁语hercia,耙子，来自古希腊方言Oscan语hirpus,狼。由狼引申词义狼牙，耙子，因形如狼牙而得名。后引申词义教堂大烛台，灵车前的灯烛，后代指灵车，灵柩。
US [hɝ:s] noun countable
■a vehicle used to carry a body in a coffin to a funeral 灵车，柩车
n. [车辆] 灵车；棺材
 - catafalque, coffin

Word: heedless
Front: heedless
[ˈhi:dləs] (托 23806/25281)
Vocabulary: heedless
(once / 1203 pages)
adj
Someone heedless is reckless or not paying attention. Heedless rhymes with needless, and someone who's heedless acts as if needed things are needless. If you head out to surf in a tsunami, you're heedless of the giant-wave warnings.
When you pay heed to something you pay attention to it or consider it, but if you’re heedless you do the opposite. Sometimes being heedless means being a risk-taker in an exciting way, or it can just mean losing track of time, but often it describes being inconsiderate. If you keep raising the volume when your brother asks you to turn down the music, you’re heedless of his need to study, and if you're heedless of the yellow tape that says "Do not cross," you disregard the law.
WORD FAMILY
heedless: heedlessest, heedlessly, heedlessness+/ heed: heeded, heedful, heeding, heedless, heeds/heeded: unheeded/heedful: heedfully, heedfulness/heeding: unheeding/heedlessness: heedlessnesses/unheeded: unheededly/unheeding: unheedingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Or so we thought, until we elected to the presidency a man consistently heedless of truth and impervious to fact-checking.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
He is the kind of heedless traveller who somehow avoids the food poisoning that befalls his companions.
The New Yorker(Nov 20, 2016)
They sorted themselves into now empty seats as the heedless doors shut, ready or not to be transported, basso profundo, to the next station stop.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 不加注意的; 苟
分布：不注意的(60%)，不留心的(40%)
→heed,留心，-less,表否定。即不留心的，掉以轻心。
adjective formal
■not giving attention to a risk or possible difficulty 掉以轻心的；不注意的
• Heedless destruction of the rainforests is contributing to global warming. 对雨林的肆意破坏正在加速全球暖化的趋势。
• Journalists had insisted on getting to the front line of the battle, heedless of the risks. 记者们不顾危险坚持来到战争前线。
adj. 不注意的；不留心的
 - unobservant, forgetful

Word: heirloom
Front: heirloom
[ˈeəlu:m] (宝 13144/21872)
Vocabulary: heirloom
(once / 5060 pages)
n
An heirloom is something passed down in a family for generations. Your grandma's prized necklace could be an heirloom.
If you know that an heir is a younger person in a family who will inherit things when relatives die, you have a clue to the meaning of heirloom. An heirloom is a special thing that's handed down, sometimes through a will, but often just from person to person. A portrait of an ancestor could be an heirloom. Many families pass down heirloom jewelry. If you hear someone say, "This belonged to my great-great-grandfather" they're probably talking about an heirloom.
WORD FAMILY
heirloom: heirlooms
USAGE EXAMPLES
One cherished heirloom in her studio is a mahogany desk that her grandfather fashioned in the 1950s.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
Some families burned heirlooms rather than leave them for pro-government forces.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Some of you told us about your family heirlooms.
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 祖传遗物，传家宝
分布：传家宝(95%)，〈法律〉动产继承物(5%)
→heir,继承，loom,宝贝。
【记】heir（n 继承人）；heiress（n 女性继承人）
US ['er-] noun countable
■a valuable object that has been given by older members of a family to younger members of the same family over many years 传家之宝，祖传之物
• This ring is a family heirloom. 这枚戒指是家里祖传的。

Word: homeopathy
Front: homeopathy
[ˌhəʊmiˈɒpəθi] (25382/41321 -1)
Back: n. <医>顺势医疗论，类似医疗论
分布：顺势疗法(100%)
→来自homeopath,顺势治疗。
【记】源于home家里用的疗法－以毒攻毒
【区】allopathy（n 对抗疗法）源于all所有医院用的疗法，比较正常。
US [ˌhoʊ.mi'ɑ:.pə-] noun uncountable
■a system of treating diseases in which ill people are given very small amounts of natural substances which, in healthy people, would produce the same effects as the diseases produce 同种疗法
n. [临床] 顺势疗法；同种疗法
 - homoeopathy

Word: hobart
Front: hobart
['həʊbɑːt] (-/24531)
Back: 霍巴特（澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚岛东南岸港市）
分布：霍巴特(姓氏(50%)，男子名)(50%)

Word: hydroelectricity
Front: hydroelectricity
[ˌhaɪdrəʊɪˌlek'trɪsətɪ] (36746/-)
Back: n. 水力电; 水电
分布：水力电气(100%)

Word: impecunious
Front: impecunious
[ˌɪmpɪˈkju:niəs] (宝 37761/32953)
Vocabulary: impecunious
(once / 10120 pages)
adj
If you are hard up, broke, penniless, or strapped for cash, you could describe yourself as impecunious. Then maybe you could make some money teaching vocabulary words.
Impecunious comes from the old Latin word for money, pecunia, combined with the prefix im, meaning not or without. But impecunious doesn’t just mean having no money. It means that you almost never have any money. If you go into the arts, you are most likely facing an impecunious future. If you gamble away your cash instead of saving it for rent, your landlord might throw you out for being impecunious.
WORD FAMILY
impecunious: impecuniously, impecuniousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
The formal study of the history of art, with its generally impecunious career prospects, may well remain a niche subject.
New York Times(Oct 29, 2016)
It is an unabashed account of the dismal lodgings, awful food, and terrible smells that make up the day-to-day existence of any impecunious twentysomething.
The Guardian(Sep 27, 2016)
But the Potter producers seem to be more worried about impecunious wizarding fans losing out than about the prospect of touts swiping surplus.
Economist(Aug 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 没钱的，不名一文的
分布：贫穷的(53%)，没有钱的(27%)，身无分文的(20%)
→im-,不，非，-pecun,金钱，词源同pecuniary,fee.
【记】im无，pecu钱，nious－无钱的im进入，pe破，cu裤，ni你，ous：你有很多破裤子－身无分文的
【参】peculate（v 挪用；盗用）；pecuniary（adj 金钱的；应罚款的）
【反】wealthy（adj 富有的；充分的）；prosperous（adj 繁荣的）；affluent（adj 丰富的；富裕的）；lavish（adj 过分丰富的）
[ˌɪm.pə'kju:.ni.əs] formal
adjective
■having very little money; poor 没钱的，贫穷的
• I first knew him as an impecunious student living in a tiny bedsit. 我刚认识他时，他还是个穷学生，住在一个睡房兼起居室的狭小单间里。
adj. 没有钱的；贫穷的
 - poor, needy

Word: horticultural
Front: horticultural
[ˌhɔ:tɪ'kʌltʃərəl] (17625/12543)
Vocabulary: horticultural
(once / 5007 pages)
adj
Did you know Memorial Day weekend is the biggest horticultural event of the year? It's the time many people plant their flower and vegetable gardens. The adjective horticultural describes anything related to gardening.
The Latin word for garden is hortus and cultura means "planting and cultivation." You might be familiar with the word horticulture as a formal way to describe the science of growing plants of all kinds. Horticultural is just the adjective form of that word. If you’re headed to a plant show over the weekend, to impress your gardening club you could say you are attending a horticultural event.
WORD FAMILY
horticultural: horticulturally+/ horticulture: horticultural, horticulturist/horticulturist: horticulturists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr. Ball, the chairman and CEO of W. Atlee Burpee Company, is a past president of the American Horticultural Society.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 26, 2016)
I hope he is right, though “dry gardening” may be a better contemporary term for this horticultural niche.
Washington Post(Nov 21, 2016)
Yet when he was 8, his mom bought him a set of horticultural encyclopedias, which he promptly memorized.
Seattle Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 园艺的
分布：园艺的(100%)
ADJ
园艺（学）的
Horticultural means concerned with horticulture.
例：...Monkton horticultural show.芒克顿园艺展览会

Word: hyphenated
Front: hyphenated
['haɪfəneɪtɪd] (27384/38741)
Back: adj. 带有连字符号的
v. 以连字符号连接( hyphenate的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：带有连字符号的(100%)
US [-tˌɪd] adjective
■written with a hyphen 带有连字号的
• hyphenated compounds 带连字号的复合词

Word: immodest
Front: immodest
[ɪˈmɒdɪst] (28104/36420)
Vocabulary: immodest
(once / 9163 pages)
1adj 2adj
If you're immodest, you tend to brag about your abilities — you're not at all humble. It would be immodest to boast about your experience making movies, especially if all you've actually done is take videos of your dog in the back yard.
There are two ways to be immodest: the first is to gloat and show off, essentially being the very opposite of modest. The other way is to lack good taste and restraint. Years ago, it would have been considered immodest to wear a bikini to the beach — while today, it's only immodest if you wear one to school or a restaurant. The "arrogant" meaning came before the "improper" one, both from the Latin modestia, "moderation," and "correctness of conduct."
WORD FAMILY
immodest: immodestest, immodestly+/ modest: immodest, modester, modestest, modestly, modestness, overmodest/overmodest: overmodestly
USAGE EXAMPLES
While she says she only publishes photos with her clients' permission, for some religious Jews the exposure is viewed as immodest and inappropriate.
BBC(Nov 20, 2016)
“Don’t you think that’s being rather immodest?” the lawyer asked.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
"Don't you think that's being rather immodest?" the lawyer asked.
Reuters(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 不谦虚的; 自负的; 不正派的; 下流的
分布：不谦虚的(67%)，不端庄的(22%)，自高自大的(11%)
→im-,不，非，modest,谦虚的，端庄的。
US [-'mɑ:.dɪst] formal disapproving
adjective
■showing too much self-confidence 自负的，不谦虚的
• He makes these immodest statements of his own brilliance. 他说了这些自负的话，夸奖自己的聪明才智。
■showing too much of the body 过分暴露身体的
• showing an immodest amount of leg 过分暴露大腿
adj. 不谦虚的；不庄重的
 - undignified

Word: incorruptible
Front: incorruptible
[ˌɪnkəˈrʌptəbl] (托宝 30321/34761)
Back: adj. 不会腐烂的，不受腐蚀的
分布：不可摧毁的(100%)
→in-,不，非，corruptible,腐败的。
【记】corrupt（adj 腐败的；贪污的v 使腐烂；堕落）
【反】venal（adj 贪污的）
adjective
■morally strong enough not to be persuaded into doing something wrong 廉洁的；正直的
• Most politicians genuinely believe they are incorruptible. 大多数政治家真的相信自己是正直的。
■formal
■If something is incorruptible, it will not decay or be destroyed 不会腐蚀的；不可毁灭的
• Some people think the soul, unlike the body, is incorruptible. 有些人认为灵魂不像身体，是不可摧毁的。
adj. 清廉的；不能收买的；不腐败的
 - cleanhanded, uncorrupt

Word: inoffensive
Front: inoffensive
[ˌɪnəˈfensɪv] (托 28791/22093)
Vocabulary: inoffensive
(once / 3010 pages)
adj
Things that are inoffensive are perfectly pleasant — they don't disturb or upset anyone.
Your next door neighbor may annoy you with his late-night drumming sessions and wild parties, while your neighbor on the other side is completely inoffensive, living a quiet life and waving to you each morning in a friendly way. Things that bother, upset, or offend you are offensive, from the Latin root offendere, "to strike against," or "to displease or provoke." When you add the "not" prefix in- to it, you get inoffensive.
WORD FAMILY
inoffensive: inoffensively+/counteroffensive: counteroffensives/ offend: offended, offender, offending, offends, offensive / offended: offendedly/ offender: offenders/offending: unoffending/ offensive: counteroffensive, inoffensive, offensively, offensiveness, offensives/unoffending: unoffendingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
This seemingly inoffensive portrait of a smiling young royal in a sensible hat was to become the focus of controversy.
The Guardian(Dec 22, 2016)
It is inoffensive, bland and can provide a good half-hour's chat, if done well.
BBC(Nov 23, 2016)
Elsewhere, LG’s interface changes are mostly inoffensive, but they result in a phone that feels less smooth than the Pixel.
The Verge(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: adj. 无害的，不伤人的
分布：无害的(59%)，没恶意的(31%)，不讨厌的(10%)
→in-,不，非，offensive,冒犯的。
【记】offensive（adj 讨厌的；攻击性的）
adjective
■(especially of a person or their behaviour) not causing any harm or offence （尤指人或其行为）无害的，不冒犯人的
• an inoffensive article 不得罪人的文章
• He seemed like a quiet, inoffensive sort of a guy. 他看上去像一个安静随和的人。
adj. 不触犯人的；无害的；没恶意的
 - harmless, innocuous

Word: inequitable
Front: inequitable
[ɪnˈekwɪtəbl] (24251/23971)
Back: adj. 不公平的，不公正的
分布：不公平的(55%)，不公正的(45%)
US [-wə.tˌə-] formal
adjective
■not fair; good for some and bad for others 不公正的，不公平的
• The current health care system is inequitable and unjust, with huge disparities between rich and poor. 当前的医疗保健体系对待穷人和富人差距悬殊，非常不公平。
adj. 不公平的；不公正的
 - partial, unfair, unjust, unequitable

Word: impute
Front: impute
[ɪmˈpju:t] (托宝 23721/21023)
Vocabulary: impute
(once / 786 pages)
v
The verb impute can be used to blame someone for doing something bad, give credit for good work, or just tell it like it is, like when you impute your lateness to my not telling you where to meet me.
When you impute something, you name the cause of something that has happened. For example, you might impute your ability to sing well to the thousands of dollars your parents spent in voice lessons. In other words, you name the source. You can also impute a person, like imputing to a teacher your love of learning — he or she helped you become more interested in school and your classes.
WORD FAMILY
impute: imputable, imputation, imputed, imputes, imputing+/imputable: imputably/ imputation: imputations
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s possible to impute political motives to the computer scientists, some of whom have criticized Trump on social media.
Slate(Oct 31, 2016)
But imputing them loosely to large numbers of people, and dismissing those people with contempt, isn’t helpful.
Slate(Oct 05, 2016)
Essentially, the Europeans propose judging anticompetitiveness on the basis of something with imputed value, the uses of which aren’t fully understood yet.
New York Times(Sep 30, 2016)
Back: vt. 把（错误等）归咎于
时态：imputed, imputing, imputes
分布：归罪于(76%)，嫁祸(12%)，负责任(12%)
→im-,进入，使，-put,考虑，思考，计算，词源同compute,repute.即经过考虑的，引申词义归因于，归咎于。
归咎于(im进+pute→把...放进思考中→归因于)[put=think,表示"认为,思考"]
verb
  Phrasal Verbs  impute sth to sb
ACCUSE formal
■to say that someone is responsible for something that has happened, or that something is the cause of something else 把…归咎于（某人）；把…归于（某人）
• They imputed the error to the lawyer who was handling her case. 他们把错误归咎于负责处理她案子的那位律师。
BELIEVE formal
■to believe that someone or something has a particular characteristic, quality or meaning 认为…具有
• He arrogantly imputed stupidity to anyone who disagreed with him. 他傲慢地认为那些与他意见相左的人都是愚蠢的。
imputation /ˌɪm.pjʊˈteɪ.ʃən] noun countable or uncountable formal 2. imputations of dishonesty 对不诚实的种种指责
vt. 归罪于，归咎于；嫁祸于
 - blame, charge upon

Word: insubordination
Front: insubordination
[ˌɪnsəˌbɔ:dɪˈneɪʃn] (25028/34309)
Vocabulary: insubordination
(once / 4378 pages)
n
People in charge — like bosses and teachers — hate insubordination, which means that someone is defying their authority.
When a student is disrespectful to a teacher or says something like "I won't do this homework!", that's an act of insubordination. If a teacher didn't do what the principal wanted, that would also be insubordination. This word is often used in relation to the military, where giving and taking orders is extremely important. A soldier who commits insubordination — by disobeying an order — can be in a lot of trouble. Anywhere there's insubordination, someone with less power (a subordinate) is giving someone with more power a whole lot of trouble.
WORD FAMILY
insubordination: insubordinations+/ insubordinate: insubordinately/ subordinate: insubordinate, subordinated, subordinately, subordinateness, subordinates, subordinating, subordination / subordination: insubordination, subordinations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Piazza was fired as elections director four years ago, allegedly for misconduct and insubordination.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Carroll indicated Sherman’s response during the meeting determined whether there would be any discipline for what some might view as insubordination.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
He channels the dangerous nuclear politics of Douglas MacArthur, whom President Truman famously relieved of his command for insubordination.
Slate(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 不顺从，反抗
分布：反抗(58%)，不顺从(42%)
→in-,不，非，subordinate,服从。
US [-ˌbɔ:r-] disapproving
noun uncountable
■refusing to obey orders from people in authority 不服从，不顺从，违抗命令
• an act of insubordination 不服从的行为
• Several officers were arrested for insubordination. 几名军官因违抗命令而被捕。
n. 反抗，不服从
 - resistance, rebellion

Word: jilin

Word: judah
Front: judah
[ˈdʒu:də] (-/35807)
Back: n. 犹大，犹大所出的后裔; [人名] 朱达
分布：犹大(82%)，犹大所出的后裔(18%)

Word: auguste

Word: bourne
Front: bourne
[bʊən] (-/16909)
Back: n. 小溪，目的地
分布：目的地(33%)，终点(26%)，小河(21%)，边界(范围(10%)，溪流)(10%)
n. 小溪；目的地；边界
 - destination, boundary, border, creek

Word: bimbo
Front: bimbo
[ˈbɪmbəʊ] (22410/21423 -1)
Back: n. <美俚>妓女、荡妇，蠢女人; [俚语]无知的人
分布：轻浮女人(100%)
→来自儿语babe, 婴儿。
US [-boʊ] (plural bimboes or bimbos) slang disapproving
noun countable
■a young woman considered to be attractive but not intelligent 头脑简单的美人
• He went out with a succession of blonde bimbos. 他不断与傻里傻气的金发美女约会。
n. 女人（尤指行为不检点者，如妓女）；男人（尤指名誉不好者，如流氓）
 - boy, female, she, guy, he

Word: fratricide
Front: fratricide
[ˈfrætrɪsaɪd] (34728/-)
Back: n. 杀害兄弟（或姐妹）罪; 杀害兄弟（或姐妹）者; 杀害同胞罪; 杀害同胞者
分布：杀害兄弟者(75%)，兄弟杀害(25%)
→frater, 兄弟。-cid, 杀，词源同herbicide.
noun uncountable formal
■the crime of murdering your brother, or killing members of your own group or country 杀害兄弟罪；杀害同类罪；杀害同胞罪

Word: montage
Front: montage
[ˌmɒnˈtɑ:ʒ] (宝 15549/25648)
Vocabulary: montage
(once / 18212 pages)
n
Romantic comedies always seem to include a montage of scenes showing the main characters falling in love while sharing a hot dog, playfully throwing snowballs at each other, and taking a romantic ride on a boat. A montage is a film sequence made up of many short scenes edited together.
A montage is a kind of collage, often assembled from many different movie scenes, resulting in a single overall theme or image. You can also make a montage of photographs or music, editing or pasting together various bits to form one continuous whole. In the movie business, the word montage was originally used to mean "edit," the process of cutting and pasting pieces of film together to form a finished product.
WORD FAMILY
montage: montages
USAGE EXAMPLES
Their stories are accompanied by montages of period photos intended to create an air of credence.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
My memories of those months are a softly lit montage of romance and adventure.
Salon(Dec 29, 2016)
In their montage, they managed to squeeze every major pop hit of 2016 into a musical collage that runs just three minutes long.
Time(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: n. 蒙太奇; （电影、电视的）镜头组接; 合成画; 叠化剪辑
分布：蒙太奇(70%)，剪辑(21%)，拼集的照片(5%)，混成画(2%)，运用或结合用蒙太奇手法的(2%)
→来自法语montage,安装，镶嵌，嵌入，词源同mount,mountain.原为建筑学术语，一种建筑装配风格，后用于指电影的剪辑手法。
【记】外来语montage就读成蒙太奇
US ['mɑ:n-] noun countable or uncountable
■a piece of work produced by combining smaller parts, or the process of making such a work 蒙太奇，剪辑；蒙太奇手法
• The ads feature a montage of images - people surfing, playing football and basketball. 这些广告是一组剪辑在一起的影像——人们在冲浪、踢足球和打篮球。

Word: minimalism
Front: minimalism
[ˈminiməlizm] (21610/41318)
Vocabulary: minimalism
(once / 8881 pages)
n
Minimalism is a style of art that's extremely simple and pared-down. In the late 1950s, the first works of art described as examples of minimalism included abstract paintings of geometric shapes.
In visual art, minimalism takes the form of simplified figures, shapes, and colors, while musical minimalism focuses on repetition of notes and phrases. In addition to the art movement, the word has grown to describe a style of decorating and living that avoids decoration and clutter. The Latin root of minimalism is minimus, "smallest or least."
WORD FAMILY
minimalism: minimalist +/ minimal: minimalism, minimally/ minimalist: minimalists
USAGE EXAMPLES
We recently watched the excellent documentary “Minimalism,” which is either the obverse of Hallmark’s conservative messaging or runs parallel to it.
Salon(Jan 02, 2017)
The songs on “I See You” no longer insist on the austere minimalism of the band’s first two albums.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Inspired by ’60s minimalism, much of the furniture is more akin to geometric sculptures than functional objects.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: n. 最低纲领，极保守行动
分布：名词(100%)

Word: mise
Front: mise
[mi:z] None
Back: n. 协定
n. 协定；争论点
 - convention, issuing, pact

Word: monogamy
Front: monogamy
[məˈnɒgəmi] (宝 20622/28143)
Vocabulary: monogamy
(once / 6900 pages)
n
Monogamy is when you are married to, or in a sexual relationship with, one person at a time. Humans are one of the few species that practice monogamy. Well, sometimes.
You may have heard of something called polygamy, which is having more than one spouse at a time. The difference between monogamy and its antonym, polygamy, lies in the prefixes. In Greek, poly means "multiple," while mono means just the opposite: "single." Therefore, if you are committed to one romantic partner at a time, you are in a monogamous relationship.
WORD FAMILY
monogamy: monogamist, monogamous +/monogamist: monogamists/ monogamous: monogamously, monogamousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Perhaps the most challenging discovery Emma would make: Her husband had a keen aversion to monogamy.
New York Times(Nov 06, 2016)
Though she had spent the ensuing months hooking up with various acquaintances, her hopes were set on long-term monogamy.
The New Yorker(Oct 10, 2016)
Monogamy is a higher order skill and requires those things in spades.
Time(Aug 29, 2016)
Back: n. 一夫一妻制
分布：一夫一妻制(100%)
→mono-,单个的，-gamy,配对，词源同gamete,bigamy.
一夫一妻制(mono+gamy婚姻)[mono-表示"单个,一个"]
一夫一妻制(mono一个+gam+y→结婚一次→一夫一妻制)[gam=marriage,表示"婚姻"]
US [mə'nɑ:.gə-] noun uncountable
■when someone has a sexual relationship or marriage with only one other person at a time 一夫一妻制 Compare bigamy ; polygamy

Word: mong

Word: monoglot

Word: moto

Word: polka
Front: polka
[ˈpɒlkə] (18036/33512 -1)
Back: n. 波尔卡舞; 女用紧身短上衣
v. 跳波尔卡舞
时态：polkaed, polkaing, polkas
分布：波尔卡舞(71%)，跳波尔卡舞(29%)
→来自法语polka,波尔卡舞，来自德语Polka,波兰女人，来自Polak,波兰男人，-a,表阴性。该舞蹈于上世纪于1835年在捷克首都开始流行成为时尚，后流行于整个西方社会。
US ['poʊl-] noun countable
■a fast active dance that was popular in the 19th century, or a piece of music that can be used for this dance 波尔卡舞（19世纪流行的轻快舞蹈）；波尔卡舞曲

Word: pout
Front: pout
[paʊt] (宝 17350/16111 -1)
Vocabulary: pout
(once / 1814 pages)
1vn 2n
When something doesn’t go your way and you get annoyed about it, that’s a pout. And when you let the world know about it by thrusting out your lower lip, you are pouting. Get over it.
When you pout, you’re expressing annoyance or displeasure. It’s a sulky kind of gesture, one that involves a facial expression more than words — in fact, a pout is often accompanied by a moody silence. The verb form of pout describes the action, and the noun form describes the facial expression. Maybe it's not a coincidence that a pout is also a type of fish. Pouting faces are a bit fish-like in their expressions.
WORD FAMILY
pout: pouted, pouter, pouting, pouts+/pouter: pouters
USAGE EXAMPLES
Taylor initially pouted after his parents told him to turn off his tablet.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Despite his occasional pouts — is the original “Roots” really such a chore to re-watch? — the British author presents readers with one clever observation after another.
Seattle Times(Dec 10, 2016)
Aunty Ifeoma took Papa-Nnukwu to the University Medical Center in the morning and came back shortly afterward, her mouth set in a full pout.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Back: vt. & vi. 撅嘴; 噘着嘴说; 发脾气; 鼓起，膨胀
n. 撅嘴; 生气，不高兴; [动]大头鱼类
时态：pouted, pouting, pouts
分布：噘嘴(51%)，生气(27%)，绷脸(11%)，伸出(11%)
→词源不确定，可能来自Proto-Germanic*pud,膨胀，鼓起，来自bu,膨胀，词源同pudding.
【记】读：泡她，可惜她是冷美人，不理你，还撅嘴；生气
【反】grin（v /n 露齿笑）
verb intransitive or transitive
■to push the lower lip forward to show you are annoyed, or to push both lips forward in a sexually attractive way （生气或性感地）噘嘴；嘟嘴巴
• Vanessa always pouts if she doesn't get what she wants. 瓦妮莎得不到自己想要的东西时总是把嘴嘟得高高的。
• Caroline pouts her lips when she's putting on lipstick. 卡洛琳涂口红时总是噘起嘴。
n. 撅嘴；生气
 - vitality, animation, pet

Word: slammer
Front: slammer
[ˈslæmə(r)] (27642/47801)
Back: n. 监狱
分布：监狱(100%)
→俚语，来自 slam,关门，猛关，猛摔。
n. [法] 监狱
 - prison, jail, big house, correctional facility

Word: subsea
Front: subsea
[sʌb'si:] (44685/-)
Back: adj. 海底的
adv. 在海底
分布：在海底(56%)，海底的(44%)
adj. 海底的
 - benthonic, submarine

Word: surrealism
Vocabulary: surrealism
(once / 11843 pages)
n
Surrealism is a wild painting and writing style that creates images that might come from dreams, like a landscape with gold pocket-watches bending, or an eyeball with clouds inside.
Salvador Dali is one of surrealism's most famous painters. The surrealism movement attracted writers and painters between World War I and World War II. The artists wanted to get beyond reason and logic. Instead, they looked to dreams and the power of the unconscious mind, which is weird, odd, bizarre, illogical, and fantastic. In surrealism, anything can happen—it’s the opposite of realistic art. We recognize the objects of surrealism, but they’re not following the rules of our world.
WORD FAMILY
surrealism: surrealisms, surrealistic+/ surreal: surrealism, surreally/surrealistic: surrealistically
USAGE EXAMPLES
Wearing a wig and gag false teeth, he crashes Ines' social obligations, creating numerous script opportunities for pathos, slapstick and surrealism.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
His fashion photography and work for various publications, including The New York Times Magazine, demonstrated an emerging penchant for wit and surrealism.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Contemporary American movies could use more s’wonderful, more music and dance, and way, way more surrealism.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)

Word: syrupy
Front: syrupy
[ˈsɪrəpi] (23344/34208)
Back: adj. 糖浆似的，像糖浆的
分布：糖浆的(67%)，似蜜糖的(33%)
→syrup,糖浆，-y,形容词后缀。
adjective
■thick and sweet 甜而黏稠的，似糖浆的
■disapproving
■too good or kind or expressing feelings of love in a way which is not sincere 过分多情的，令人感到腻的
• syrupy love songs 过于缠绵的情歌
adj. 糖浆的；糖浆似的
 - sirupy

Word: autobahn
Front: autobahn
['ɒtəʊba:n] (30546/26463)
Back: n. （德国、奥地利或瑞士的）高速公路
分布：名词(100%)
US ['ɑ:.tˌoʊ-] noun countable
■a motorway in German-speaking countries （说德语国家的）高速公路
n. （德国的） [公路] 高速公路；干线道路
 - expressway, freeway

Word: ataman

Word: clostridium
Front: clostridium
[klɒs'trɪdɪəm] (37117/46994)
Back: n. 梭菌，梭菌属
分布：梭菌属(100%)
n. 梭菌；梭菌属
 - fusobacterium

Word: clubhouse
Front: clubhouse
[ˈklʌbhaʊs] (8351/15995 -1)
Back: n. 俱乐部会所，俱乐部; 运动员更衣室
分布：俱乐部(100%)
noun countable
■a building where members of a club meet and have social events 俱乐部会所
n. 俱乐部会所，俱乐部
 - casino

Word: corny
Front: corny
[ˈkɔ:ni] (宝 15231/22732)
Vocabulary: corny
(once / 4683 pages)
adj
If your Uncle Marvin has a habit of telling corny jokes, they probably make you groan every single time. Corny describes something that's either worn out and tiresome or overly sentimental — and sometimes both.
It can be hard to talk about something emotional without becoming corny. Try describing love at first sight without becoming trite or stickily sentimental and you'll know first-hand how easily you can find yourself sounding corny. For years corny simply meant "full of corn," or "tasting of malt." Sometime in the 1930s it became popular slang meaning "appealing to country folk," who were also described at the time as corn-fed, because of their supposed connection to farms.
WORD FAMILY
corny: cornier, corniest, cornily+/ corn: corned, corning, corns, corny
USAGE EXAMPLES
The show mixed corny jokes and novelty songs with performances by some of the biggest names in country music.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Not to be corny, but that thing in the air?
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
I just didn’t want it to be cheesy or corny.
Time(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: adj. <非正>平淡的，过时的，陈旧的
级别：cornier, corniest
分布：陈词滥调(45%)，谷类的(22%)，平淡无奇的(11%)，长鸡眼的(11%)，乡巴佬的(11%)
→来自corn, 谷物。俚语词，即种田的人谈的，乡巴佬的。
【记】corn角：整天呆在小角落里的人没有见过世面－乡巴佬的corn（n 玉米，鸡眼）陈腐平庸的东西！
US ['kɔ:r-] informal
adjective
■(especially of jokes, films, stories, etc.) showing no new ideas and not sincere; too often repeated and therefore not funny or interesting （尤指笑话、电影、故事等）陈腐的，老套的；平淡的，乏味的
• corny jokes 老掉牙的笑话
• I couldn't watch the whole movie - it was just too corny. 我无法看完整部电影——简直太老套了。
adj. 谷类的；粗野的；陈腐的；乡下味的
 - robust, gross, rough, country, bush

Word: confidante
Front: confidante
[ˌkɒnfɪ'dænt] (20215/21163)
Vocabulary: confidante
(once / 5744 pages)
n
If you're a confidante, two things must be true: you have to be female, and you must be someone who people feel comfortable telling secrets to.
If you have a confidante, you're lucky. She is a friend you can confide in, someone you trust with your private thoughts, and who you're sure can keep a secret. If your trusted friend is male, you call him your confidant. In fact, you could call a male or a female "secret keeper" your confidant (without the "e"). Both versions of the word come from the same root as confident — which you can trace back to the Latin word meaning "to trust or confide," confidentem.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
confident / confidant(e)
Confident is how you feel on a good hair day, but a confidant is the person you tell when you're secretly wearing a wig. It's no wonder that these words are so easily confused: they were once both confident.
If you're looking and feeling good, you're confident. Confident is a feeling of self-reliance or of certainty about something. It comes from Middle French, confident, which in turn comes from Latin, cōnfidentem, meaning "trusting or bold." If you're not confident, you turn tail and go home. Hold your head up high to read these confident examples:
He appeared confident that he could get to any spot, setting up lanes by running with patience and vision. (New York Times)
Both camps say they are confident of winning. (Reuters)
A confidant, with an a, is the person you trust to spill your guts to. It also comes from the French confident, which came from the Latin confidente, for "a trusted friend." Confidante has been used to refer to a female trusted friend, parallel to the French confidente, but that usage has fallen largely out of favor as an unnecessary feminine version, like authoress. You can add that e if you want, either way say it with a sultry French accent:
They were friends, confidants, inseparable companions as well. (Frederick William Robinson)
 "I'm not talking about just two or three of my closest confidants." (New York Times)
Try remembering that if you are confident, the person you believe in is "me." If you have a confidant, you are putting your trust in another. If you're confident your friend won't tell all your business, she can be your confidant.
WORD FAMILY
confidante: confidantes
USAGE EXAMPLES
One of Margaret Thatcher's closest confidantes throughout the 1980s, Cecil Parkinson was one of the nearly men of British politics.
BBC(Jan 02, 2017)
Trump’s advisers and close confidantes chant his name and offer one-worded encouragements.
Time(Dec 11, 2016)
It rather broke my heart as I consider her one of my closest confidantes.
The Guardian(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 知己的女友
分布：红粉知己(100%)

Word: detoxify
Front: detoxify
[ˌdi:ˈtɒksɪfaɪ] (25459/38126)
Back: vt. 使解毒
时态：detoxified, detoxifying, detoxifies
分布：使戒毒(50%)，使解毒(50%)
解毒(de去掉+tox+ify→去掉毒)[tox=poison表示"毒"]

Word: domesday

Word: distinguishable
Front: distinguishable
[dɪ'stɪŋɡwɪʃəbl] (20103/14333)
Vocabulary: distinguishable
(once / 1375 pages)
adj
Something that's distinguishable can be detected or observed, especially as being separate or different from something else. The one chocolate sea salt doughnut in the box will be easily distinguishable from the plain doughnuts.
In some people with color blindness, red isn't distinguishable from green — in other words, it can't be perceived as a different, separate color. You might complain that the policies of your city's new mayor, despite her promises, are barely distinguishable from those of her predecessor. The verb distinguish is at the heart of this adjective, and it comes from the Latin distinguere, "to separate between."
WORD FAMILY
distinguishable: distinguishably, indistinguishable, undistinguishable+/ distinguish: distinguishable, distinguished, distinguishes, distinguishing/ distinguished: distinguishedly, undistinguished/ indistinguishable: indistinguishability, indistinguishably/undistinguishable: undistinguishably
USAGE EXAMPLES
The most persuasive religious leaders will be those who, like Russell Moore, remain distinguishable from everyone else.
Washington Post(Dec 25, 2016)
To his right, a chair was the only item distinguishable amid a pile of his possessions.
Reuters(Nov 10, 2016)
Sperms whales cluster into varied cultural groups, distinguishable to scientists by different whale dialects.
National Geographic(Oct 19, 2016)
Back: adj. 可区别的，可辨别的; 可分辨
分布：可区别的(59%)，可辨别的(41%)
adj. 可区别的；辩认得出的；可辨识的
 - diacritical, cognizable

Word: divvy
Front: divvy
[ˈdɪvi] (30500/-)
Vocabulary: divvy
(once / 33964 pages)
1v 2n
To divvy something is to split it up between two or more people. You might divvy up a pizza among four friends, giving everyone two slices.
If you and a friend have a lemonade stand, you'll divvy up the proceeds at the end of the day, sharing the money. You can also divvy other things: "Let's divvy this painting job — you do the trim, and I'll paint the walls." As a noun, a divvy is a share or a part of something — the word, from American English, is a shortened version of dividend, a divided payment, from the Latin dividendum, "thing to be divided."
WORD FAMILY
divvy: divvied, divvies, divvys
USAGE EXAMPLES
Executives discussed how to divvy up market share to avoiding competing with each other for business, according to the complaint.
Seattle Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Republicans might be able to divvy up the Democratic Party if they look first to infrastructure or tax reform.
Slate(Dec 05, 2016)
Save your sanity and make something in a large batch, and divvy it up for your various friends.
Seattle Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: v. 分配
n. 分摊，分配，部分
分布：分配(40%)，分摊(36%)，部分(12%)，分享(12%)
→来自dividend的口语。
noun countable /ˈdɪv.i/ (also div) UK informal
■a stupid person 傻瓜，蠢货
• Don't be such a divvy! 别犯傻了！
verb[ˌdɪv.i/
  Phrasal Verbs  [M] divvy sth up mainly US informal
■to share something between a number of people 分享；分担，分摊
• They haven't yet decided how to divvy up the proceeds from the sale. 他们还没决定好如何分配销售收入。
n. 部分；分配
 - allocation, distribution, part, portion, proportion
vt. 分摊
 - proportion, apportion

Word: disunion
Front: disunion
[dɪs'ju:njən] (43095/-)
Vocabulary: disunion
(once / 4515 pages)
n
Disunion describes what happens when a club disbands or a marriage breaks up. The disunion of your book group means all the members have gone their separate ways.
The noun disunion means the coming apart of some connection or alliance, and because it's such a formal word it's often used to talk about governments or business federations. You could say that the disunion of Britain and India resulted in Partition, or that the US Civil War nearly ended in disunion. The word combines dis, "lack or not," and union, with its Latin root of unionem, "oneness or unity."
WORD FAMILY
disunion: disunions+/ reunify: reunification, reunified, reunifies, reunifying/ reunion: reunify, reunions/ union: disunion, nonunion, reunion, unionise, unionism, unionize, unions/unionise: unionisation, unionised/unionised: nonunionised/unionism: unionist/unionist: unionists/unionize: unionization, unionized, unionizing/unionized: nonunionized
USAGE EXAMPLES
Americans hoped that commerce, ignited by infrastructure, would weld the nation’s sections, defusing the danger of disunion.
Washington Post(Nov 25, 2016)
Garrison, the Massachusetts abolitionist, advocated “disunion” from the start.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
But their soundings revealed more disunion than harmony, so expectations for Bratislava were played down.
Economist(Sep 17, 2016)
Back: n. 分裂; 不愈合
分布：不统一(37%)，分裂(36%)，分离(27%)
n. 分裂；分开；不统一
 - separation, disrupture

Word: dockyard
Front: dockyard
[ˈdɒkjɑ:d] (36838/15856)
Back: n. 造船所，修船所
分布：造船所(50%)，海军工厂(50%)
US ['dɑ:k.jɑ:rd] (also shipyard)
noun countable
■a place where ships are built, serviced (= kept in good condition) and repaired 船厂；船坞
n. [船] 造船厂；海军工厂
 - shipyard, navy yard

Word: extortionist
Front: extortionist
[ɪk'stɔ:ʃnɪst] (34130/-)
Back: n. 敲诈者; 勒索者; 强求者
分布：勒索者(67%)，强求者(33%)
n. 勒索者；勒索钱财
 - blackmailer, wringer

Word: exclave

Word: lamentation
Front: lamentation
[ˌlæmənˈteɪʃn] (六 23933/22161)
Vocabulary: lamentation
(once / 2244 pages)
n
Lamentation usually occurs when someone dies or a tragedy occurs. At the funeral, you could hardly hear the speaker above the wails of lamentation.
From the Latin lamenta, meaning “weeping” or “wailing,” lamentation means more than just shedding a few tears. Lamentation is when grief pours out. If you lose a nice pencil that's no cause for lamentation, but if you lose all your money in a stock market crash, that might be. If someone tells you you'll be late to your own funeral, you can always say: “At least I'll get to enjoy the lamentation!”
WORD FAMILY
lament: lamentable, lamentation, lamented, lamenter, lamenting, laments+/ lamentable: lamentablest, lamentably/ lamented: lamentedly, unlamented/lamenting: lamentingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Throughout all this, the focus is very much on Garfield, and on his open young face, so easily stirred to tears or lamentation.
The New Yorker(Dec 22, 2016)
But Christenberry rejected the idea that his work was a lamentation or an elegy.
The New Yorker(Dec 06, 2016)
To have her also do “Lamentation” — the idea of interpretation through the same magnificent dancer really appealed to me.
New York Times(Oct 28, 2016)
Back: n. 悲叹，哀悼
分布：哀悼(51%)，悲痛(28%)，痛哭(21%)
悲伤(lament哀悼)[-ation表名词"行为,过程,结果"]
[ˌlæm.en'teɪ.ʃən] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■sadness and feeling sorry, or something that expresses these feelings 悲叹，伤感，惋惜
• For all the lamentations that schools do not teach the game, it is still played in some areas. 很可惜学校不教这项运动，但在某些地区这项运动还在进行。
n. 悲叹，哀悼；恸哭
 - regret, jeremiad

Word: jingoism
Front: jingoism
[ˈdʒɪŋgəʊɪzəm] (宝 33392/39773)
Vocabulary: jingoism
(once / 25751 pages)
n
Jingoism is fanatical, over-the-top patriotism. If you refuse to eat, read, wear, or discuss anything that wasn't made in your own country, people might accuse you of jingoism.
Jingoism comes from the word jingo, the nickname for a group of British people who always wanted to go to war to prove the superiority of Britain. Now we use jingoism for that kind of aggressive, chauvinistic behavior in any country, or for things intended to stir up war-thirst and blind patriotism. If you see a TV show tries to get viewers to support a military cause without a critical look at whether war is necessary, call it jingoism.
WORD FAMILY
jingoism: jingoisms, jingoist, jingoistic +/ jingoist: jingoists/ jingoistic: jingoistically
USAGE EXAMPLES
It got so bad that Republicans and conservatives just stopped listening to the media, because we made everything about jingoism.
New York Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Perhaps unsurprisingly, given the jingoism, many Chinese now see international affairs as a zero-sum game, believing that for China to rise, others must fall.
Economist(Nov 17, 2016)
Such jingoism was predictable, given the fierce competition for ratings among India’s news groups.
Economist(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: n. 沙文主义，侵略主义，武力外交政策
分布：沙文主义(76%)，侵略主义(24%)
→来自19世纪克里米亚战争后英国与俄国国际关系紧张时候的一首流行歌曲，其中的一段歌词为：“We don’t want to fight,But by Jingo!if we do,We’ve got the ships,we’ve got the men,We’ve got the money too.”大意即我们不想打战，我们爱好和平，但是上帝啊，如果你想打，我们奉陪，并由此创造出jingoism.比较chauvinist.
US [-goʊ-] disapproving
noun uncountable
■the extreme belief that your own country is always best, which is often shown in enthusiastic support for a war against another country 极端爱国主义；侵略主义；沙文主义
• Patriotism can turn into jingoism and intolerance very quickly. 爱国主义可以很快转化为沙文主义和极端排外。
n. 侵略主义；沙文主义；武力外交政策
 - chauvinism, kultur

Word: kowtow
Front: kowtow
[ˌkaʊˈtaʊ] (27978/35359)
Vocabulary: kowtow
(once / 30941 pages)
vn
Kowtow, which describes the act of kneeling and touching one’s head to the ground to show respect, used to be a custom in Chinese culture. Now it refers to acting like you're doing that, whether you actually bow or not.
Kowtow is derived from the Chinese word k’o-t’ou, which literally means “knock the head.” As a verb, kowtow has the sense of “sucking up” or "flattering." Maybe you’re wondering when it would be appropriate to kowtow. The answer? When you want to worship, show respect, gain favor, or flatter. You might need to kowtow to your teacher if you failed a test, but if you kowtow to all your neighbor's requests, you might wind up mowing his lawn all summer.
WORD FAMILY
kowtow: kowtowed, kowtowing, kowtows
USAGE EXAMPLES
Social media was quick to criticize the reporters, who appeared to be normalizing Trump and kowtowing to his communications team.
Salon(Dec 19, 2016)
But then I realised that Schumer was unlikely to kowtow to this vision of femininity, especially not if she is involved in the writing process.
The Guardian(Dec 07, 2016)
The cost of kowtowing to the union is continued shoddy service.
Washington Post(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: vi. 叩头; 顺从; 惟命是从; （对…）卑躬屈膝
时态：kowtowed, kowtowing, kowtows
分布：叩头(100%)
→来自汉语。
disapproving
verb intransitive
■to show too much respect to someone in authority, always obeying them and changing what you do in order to please them 卑躬屈膝，唯命是从
vi. 叩头；卑躬屈膝
 - grovel

Word: lamely
Front: lamely
[ˈleɪmli] (24944/24736)
Back: adv. 一瘸一拐地，不完全地
分布：一瘸一拐地(64%)，不完全地(36%)
adv. 一瘸一拐地；不完全地
 - incompletely

Word: longhorn
Front: longhorn
[ˈlɔŋhɔ:n] (30600/-)
Back: n. 长角牛，音乐探测器
分布：长角牛(67%)，音乐探测器(22%)，切德干酪(11%)
→即长的角，用于指长角牛。

Word: leitmotif
Front: leitmotif
[ˈlaɪtməʊti:f] (27561/37668)
Vocabulary: leitmotif
(once / 104596 pages)
n
If you notice the subject of freedom coming up again and again in a book you're reading for English class, you can impress your teacher by calling it a leitmotif, or a theme that recurs.
The noun leitmotif is most useful for talking about music, and it usually comes up in the context of classical music, whenever a particular phrase or tune is repeated. The word comes from the German Leitmotiv, which literally means "lead motif," or "guiding motif." Though leitmotif makes music experts think of Wagner's operas when they hear it, it's been around at least since Mozart's time.
WORD FAMILY
leitmotif: leitmotifs
USAGE EXAMPLES
The first entry in the series looks at leitmotifs in the score for Alfred Hitchcock’s “Foreign Correspondent.”
The New Yorker(Nov 30, 2016)
Through the scores for the seven films of the Jedi saga, the composer John Williams wove the same leitmotif.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Every character in "Rebel" has a Wagnerian leitmotif.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 主乐调，乐旨
分布：中心思想)(50%)，主题(主要目的(50%)
→来自德语leitmotiv,主旨，leit-,引导，词源同lead,motiv-,动机，词源同motive.
n. 主乐调；主题；主旨
 - topic, substance, theme, subject

Word: lather
Front: lather
[ˈlɑ:ðə(r)] (21239/23085)
Vocabulary: lather
(once / 5075 pages)
1nv 2n 3n 4v
A lather is the froth soaps and detergents produce. Lathering also means to soap yourself up, and a lather can be a state of extreme agitation.
When you're taking a shower, you make the soap frothy: this is a lather, and you're lathering when you create it. Rubbing soap on your body is also called lathering. Since lather is a stirred-up form of soap, it can also apply to emotions that have been stirred up. Someone upset is in a lather. Getting in a lather usually results from worry or anger, and it's an unpleasant state of mind.
WORD FAMILY
lather: lathered, lathering, lathers, lathery
USAGE EXAMPLES
“You need to lather him from nose to tail!” she commanded, before suddenly clicking off her shears.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Then, the day before the first presidential debate, Mr. Trump was in a lather again, Ms. Kelly writes.
New York Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Songs include originals performed by Ariana Grande and Mr. Timberlake, among others, as well as covers of radio chestnuts lathered in studio gloss.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. 肥皂泡; 紧张; 激动; （马的）汗沫
vi. （指肥皂）形成泡沫
vt. 用皂沫覆盖; <口>狠狠地打
时态：lathered, lathering, lathers
分布：起泡沫(50%)，激动(40%)，涂上肥皂沫(10%)
→来自leu,冲洗，词源同lava,lavatory,-ther,工具格后缀。引申词义用肥皂清洗，肥皂泡。
US ['læð.ɚ] noun
only singular
■a pale, usually white, mass of small bubbles produced especially when soap is mixed with water 皂沫，（皂液的）泡沫
• Wet the hair, apply shampoo and massage into a rich lather. 先把头发弄湿，然后抹上洗头水揉搓直至产生大量泡沫。
uncountable
■small bubbles of sweat on a horse's skin, produced by physical effort （马的）汗珠
UK ['lɑ:.ðər] US ['læð.ɚ] noun
be in a lather informal
■to be very worried or nervous about something 焦急，焦虑
• She was in a lather when I left because she couldn't find her ticket. 我走的时候她正为找不到票而着急呢。
UK ['lɑ:.ðər] US ['læð.ɚ] noun
get into a lather informal 2. It's not worth getting into a lather over. 不值得为此焦虑不安。
UK ['lɑ:.ðər] US ['læð.ɚ] verb intransitive or transitive
■to produce a lather from soap, or to cover something or someone in lather 形成皂沫；在…上涂皂沫
• [R] He stood under the shower lathering him self with the soap. 他站在淋浴喷头下往身上抹肥皂。
n. 肥皂泡；激动
 - warmth, excitation
vt. 涂以肥皂泡；使紧张；狠狠地打
 - tension, stress
vi. 起泡沫
 - foam, spume

Word: manger
Front: manger
[ˈmeɪndʒə(r)] (20505/20957)
Back: n. （动物的等）食槽; 占马槽的狗，占着茅坑不拉屎的人; 槽子
分布：名词(100%)
→来自古法语mangier,吃，来自拉丁语manducare,吃，咀嚼，来自拉丁语mandere,咀嚼，词源同mandible,mouth.引申词义马槽，牛槽，饲料槽。
US [-dʒɚ] noun countable old use
■an open box from which cattle and horses feed （牛马的）食槽，饲料槽
n. 马槽；牛槽；挡水板
 - weir plate

Word: majoritarian
Front: majoritarian
[məˌdʒɒrɪ'teərɪən] (29559/-)
Back: n. 多数主义者
分布：多数主义者(100%)

Word: magnolia
Front: magnolia
[mægˈnəʊliə] (17308/22273 -1)
Back: n. [植] 木兰; 木兰花; 玉兰类的植物; 奶白色
adj. 木兰科的
分布：木兰(86%)，木兰属植物(14%)
→来自17世纪法国园艺学家Pierre Magnol,以表达对他的敬意。
US [-'noʊ-] noun
TREE 树木
countable
■a type of tree with large, usually white or pink flowers 木兰（一种树木，通常开白色或粉红色的大花朵）
UK [mæg'nəʊ.li.ə] US [-'noʊ-] noun
COLOUR 颜色
uncountable UK
■a pale cream colour 玉兰色（淡乳白色）

Word: middleware
Front: middleware
[ˈmɪdlweə(r)] (42127/-)
Back: n. 中间设备，中间件
分布：中间件(100%)

Word: mendacious
Front: mendacious
[menˈdeɪʃəs] (宝 33502/42893)
Vocabulary: mendacious
(once / 15552 pages)
adj
A mendacious person is one who tells lies habitually and intentionally. Don't get stuck at the water cooler or bus stop next to someone you consider mendacious!
People may tell "white lies" if they forgot your birthday or really don't like your new haircut, but if you catch someone intentionally manipulating you with a falsehood, that person is just plain mendacious. So think of the most deceptive, insincere, perfidious, duplicitous, false person you've ever met, and then add the word mendacious to that list.
WORD FAMILY
mendacious: mendaciously+/ mendacity: mendacious, mendacities
USAGE EXAMPLES
“American allies and partners in the region have been disheartened by a foreign policy that has veered from feckless to mendacious.”
Washington Post(Nov 19, 2016)
Gove and his colleagues went on to unleash a blizzard of patently mendacious claims, contributing, along with Trump, to the murky realm of “post-truth politics.”
The New Yorker(Nov 14, 2016)
It will remain at best a fiction, a mendacious myth, while reality has gone beyond satire.
The Guardian(Nov 12, 2016)
Back: adj. 撒谎的，虚假的
分布：撒谎的(82%)，〈文〉虚假的(18%)
→来自拉丁语mendax,撒谎，欺骗，来自mens,思想，思考，词源同mind,mania.其词义引申来自语言的词义转移现象，即经过思考后想出来的谎言。也有观点认为来自mendicare,乞讨，词源同mendicant.即为了讨要而撒的谎言。
【记】mend（v 修补），aci，ous多－修补太多－撒谎的
【反】honest（adj 诚实的；正直的）；veracious（adj 说实话的）
adjective formal
■not telling the truth 虚假的，捏造的，不真实的
• Some of these statements are misleading and some downright mendacious. 这些陈述有些有误导性，有些完全是捏造的。
adj. 虚假的；说谎的
 - lying, deceptious

Word: matador
Front: matador
[ˈmætədɔ:(r)] (宝 25858/34046)
Back: n. 斗牛士
分布：斗牛士(100%)
→来自西班牙语matador,斗牛士，来自matar,杀，来自波斯语mat,死，杀死，词源同checkmate.-dor,人。
【记】mat席子，ador＝adore（v 崇拜）：令人崇拜的手持席子的人－斗牛士。
US ['mætˌ.ə.dɔ:r] noun countable
■a man who fights and kills bulls (= male cows) at a bullfight 斗牛士 Compare picador ; toreador
n. 斗牛士；王牌
 - bullfighter, toreador

Word: mannequin
Front: mannequin
[ˈmænɪkɪn] (14904/24912)
Vocabulary: mannequin
(once / 17080 pages)
n
A mannequin is a human-like figure that's usually used to display clothing in a store. A mannequin in a department store window can look quite normal, but a mannequin in someone's home can look downright creepy.
Any store that sells clothes is likely to have at least a few mannequins, so shoppers can see what dresses and sweaters and hats look like on a (fake) person's body. Another kind of mannequin, more often called a "dressmaker's dummy" is helpful to someone who's sewing a skirt or piecing together a suit. Still other mannequins are used to practice emergency techniques, from CPR to water rescues by the Coast Guard.
WORD FAMILY
mannequin: mannequins
USAGE EXAMPLES
The challenge is a viral Internet video trend where people "freeze" like mannequins for the camera.
BBC(Dec 30, 2016)
The Mannequin Challenge was a big viral hit in the latter half of 2016.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
The Mannequin Challenge, elf on the shelf style.
Time(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 时装模特儿; 人体模型
分布：人体模型(75%)，时装模特儿(25%)
→来自法语mannequin,来自荷兰语manneken,小人，词源同manikin.用于指展示衣服的人体模型，后引申词义时装模特。
【记】manne＝manner，quin＝queen－有风度的女王－时装模特儿
noun countable
■a large model of a human being, used to show clothes in the window of a shop （商店橱窗里的）服装模特儿，人体模型
old-fashioned for * model (PERSON)
n. 人体模型；服装模特儿
 - homunculi

Word: mistral
Front: mistral
[ˈmɪstrəl] (宝 29469/42404)
Back: n. （法国南部干冷而强劲的北风或西北风）密史脱拉风，干燥寒冷的北风
→来自法语普罗旺斯方言mistral,主风，字面意思即占统治地位的冬季风，来自master,主人。用于指法国南部出现于冬季的寒冷强风。
【记】源于：密史脱拉风（mistral）以暴风形式吹向法国南部地中海岸的干燥、寒冷的北风

Word: miscellany
Front: miscellany
[mɪˈseləni] (宝 30265/22834)
Vocabulary: miscellany
(once / 3311 pages)
n
Miscellany is a collection of different sorts of things. If organization is not one of your strong points, your purse may contain a miscellany of surprising items.
Miscellany comes from the Latin for "mix," and a miscellany is a mixture of things. If you don't clean your car out very often, there may be a miscellany of relics in the backseat: a flip flop left over from your last trip to the beach, a few stale French fries, your last report card, and maybe a magazine or two.
WORD FAMILY
miscellany: miscellanies
USAGE EXAMPLES
He mentioned “a growing miscellany of ex ante regulations that frequently work against the entrepreneurs and consumers the rules are intended to help.”
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
“Comics and Stories” is a miscellany of rare “Peanuts” art, including storybooks and advertising.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
And The End, which harbors the new Elytra, will include End Cities, End Ships and decorative miscellany like Chorus Plants and Purpur blocks.
Time(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. 混合物，大杂烩; 文学著作汇编
分布：杂集(50%)，文集(25%)，混合物(25%)
→来自拉丁语miscere,混合，词源同mix,medley.引申词义混合体。
【记】mis混合，cell细胞，any－有很多种细胞的人可以写杂集
noun only singular
MIXTURE 混合物
■a mixture of different things 混合物，大杂烩
• The museum houses a fascinating miscellany of nautical treasures. 这家博物馆收藏了一批令人着迷的各式航海珍宝。
[mɪ'sel.ə.ni] noun only singular
BOOK 书籍
■a book containing a collection of pieces of writing either by different writers or by one writer on different subjects 杂记
• She's just finished editing "A Miscellany of English Cookery". 她刚刚完成了《英国烹饪术》一书的编辑工作。
n. 杂录，杂集；混杂；混合物
 - mixture, hybrid, compound

Word: misgovern
Front: misgovern
[ˌmɪsˈgʌvn] None
Back: vt. 管理不当
时态：misgoverned, misgoverning, misgoverns
分布：管理不当(100%)
→mis-,坏的，错的，不好的，govern,管理。
US [-ɚn] verb transitive
■to govern a country badly （国家）治理不当

Word: nasal
Front: nasal
[ˈneɪzl] (宝 7721/12271 -1)
Vocabulary: nasal
(once / 2193 pages)
adjn
Anything nasal relates to the nose, including a nasal voice that you can make by pinching your nose.
Just as optical things relate to the eyes, nasal things relate to the nose. Your nostrils lead to your nasal passages, and if your septum (the middle part of your nose) needed to be repaired, it would require nasal surgery. Also, this word is commonly used to describe a kind of exaggerated, wheezy tone of voice that you can imitate by pinching your nose. Some people's voices are naturally nasal, like the singer Bob Dylan.
WORD FAMILY
nasal: nasalise, nasality, nasalize, nasally, nasals+/nasalise: nasalisation, nasalised/nasality: nasalities/nasalize: nasalization, nasalized, nasalizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Symptoms include fever, nasal secretions, poor balance, anorexia and aborted pregnancies.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Symptoms include fever, nasal secretions, trouble with balance and anorexia, as well as aborted pregnancies.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Nasal swab and blood tests were confirmed positive for Equine Herpes Virus-1 neurogenic strain.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 鼻的; 鼻音的
n. 鼻音字母，鼻音; 鼻骨
分布：鼻音(64%)，鼻的(18%)，鼻音字(8%)，鼻声的(5%)，护鼻的(5%)
→来自nose,鼻子。
adjective
■related to the nose 鼻的
• nasal passages 鼻道
• nasal congestion 鼻塞
• the nasal cavity 鼻腔
• a nasal spray 鼻腔喷剂
■usually disapproving
■If a person's voice is nasal, it has a particular sound because air is going through their nose when they speak 有鼻音的，鼻音重的
• a nasal accent 鼻音
• She spoke in nasal tones. 她说话带鼻音。
adj. 鼻的； [语] 鼻音的
 - rhinal
n. 鼻骨； [语] 鼻音；鼻音字
 - rhinolalia

Word: monotheistic
Front: monotheistic
[ˌmɒnəʊθɪ'ɪstɪk] (26378/38270)
Vocabulary: monotheistic
(once / 19634 pages)
adj
If you are monotheistic, then you believe in one god. Christianity, Judaism, and Islam are monotheistic religions.
These days the monotheistic religions — ones that believe in one god — are the most popular. But other religions, like Buddhism and Hinduism, are polytheistic — meaning they believe in many gods. Usually in a monotheistic religion, God (with a capital G) is an all-powerful being who created the universe and knows everything. Monotheistic religions tend to look at other types of believers as pagans, heathens, and heretics.
WORD FAMILY
monotheistic: monotheistically+/ monotheism: monotheisms, monotheist, monotheistic /monotheist: monotheists
USAGE EXAMPLES
The drivers are followers of Sikhism, a monotheistic religion that originated during the 15th century in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 15, 2016)
The message named Muhammad prophet of a new monotheistic religion and explained its tenets and beliefs to him.
New York Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Sikhism is a different monotheistic faith founded more than 500 years ago in South Asia.
Seattle Times(Oct 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 一神论的
分布：一神论的(100%)

Word: morose
Front: morose
[məˈrəʊs] (宝 21545/19684)
Vocabulary: morose
(once / 2157 pages)
adj
A morose person is sullen, gloomy, sad, glum, and depressed — not a happy camper.
When someone is morose, they seem to have a cloud of sadness hanging over them. This word is stronger than just sad — morose implies being extremely gloomy and depressed. We all can be morose at times, like after the death of a friend or family member. Whether you're morose due to an event or just because you're feeling blue, you should try skipping or whistling a little tune to perk things up.
WORD FAMILY
morose: morosely, moroseness, morosest+/moroseness: morosenesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
But Weekly Standard editor Bill Kristol was morose: “It’s all boring and slightly dispiriting. Everything in the ’90s is becoming sort of like Jell-O.”
Washington Post(Nov 04, 2016)
The show stays just as morose through its first two episodes, during which it also becomes a murder mystery and an attempted noir thriller.
New York Times(Oct 17, 2016)
With just one phone call, Lawrence shifts from vaguely depressed to downright morose.
New York Times(Oct 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 闷闷不乐的，阴郁的
分布：郁闷的(67%)，抑郁的(22%)，难相处的(11%)
→来自拉丁语moris,习惯，风俗，举止，词源同moral,mores,moody.即合乎举止的，按风俗的，引申词义无所适从的，忧郁的，闷闷不乐的。
脾气坏的(mor脾气,习惯)[-ose表形容词"多…的"]
【记】mo摸，rose玫瑰－没事儿摸玫瑰上的刺－不高兴的
【反】cheerful（adj 愉快的）；lighthearted（adj 心情愉快的）；sanguine（adj 乐天的）；jovial（adj 快活高兴的）；jocund（adj 欢乐的）；rejoice（v 使高兴）
US [-'roʊs] adjective
■unhappy, annoyed and unwilling to speak or smile; sullen 阴郁的；脾气不好的；孤僻的
• a morose expression 阴郁的表情
• Why are you so morose these days? 你这几天为甚么总是闷闷不乐？
adj. 郁闷的；孤僻的
 - adusted, dissocial

Word: moneyed
Front: moneyed
[ˈmʌnid] (28406/36413)
Vocabulary: moneyed
(once / 6844 pages)
adj
Someone who's moneyed is wealthy or affluent — in other words, they're rich. If you have a great business idea for expanding your lemonade stand, you should run it by your moneyed aunt to see if she's willing to invest.
A moneyed university has plenty of funds and investments, and a moneyed lifestyle might be characterized by big houses, fancy cars, and luxurious vacations. A reference to the "moneyed class," or a "moneyed neighborhood" might be intended to draw attention to different economic groups within the same society. Moneyed comes from the Old English verb monien, "to supply with money."
WORD FAMILY
moneyed
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sensitive and perceptive as he is, he becomes, in his new moneyed condition, a snob, amused by the new deference which greets him everywhere.
The New Yorker(Dec 28, 2016)
The room was filled with moneyed elites, such as Paul Singer, the hedge-fund billionaire and extremist laissez-faire ideologue.
Salon(Dec 25, 2016)
For companies trying to entice moneyed customers, that means identifying and anticipating what they want.
New York Times(Apr 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 有钱的（作定语用）
分布：富有的(58%)，金钱上的(28%)，=monied.(14%)
adjective formal
■rich 富裕的，有钱的
• a moneyed family 富裕的家庭
adj. 有钱的；金钱上的
 - monied, deep-pocketed

Word: napkin
Front: napkin
[ˈnæpkɪn] (研六 7155/12892 -1)
Vocabulary: napkin
(once / 1335 pages)
1n 2n
A napkin is a piece of cloth used for wiping your mouth while you're eating or drinking. Your grandmother might insist that everyone put their napkins in their laps before dinner is served.
You can use the word napkin for a fancy linen cloth or a cheap paper one, although in many English-speaking countries it's instead called a "serviette." Napkins have been around since ancient Rome, while some stories have the ancient Greeks using pieces of bread as napkins. The invention of paper napkins dates back to China in the second century BCE. Napkin comes from the now-obsolete nape, "tablecloth."
WORD FAMILY
napkin: napkins
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s never acceptable etiquette to “wear” a napkin.
Washington Post(Dec 19, 2016)
Inside were trunks packed with perfectly preserved Victorian-age garments and goods, hand-sewn men’s shirts, painstakingly embroidered napkins and homespun baby clothes.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The peach tones complement Conner’s upholstered dining chairs and napkins.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 餐巾，餐巾纸; 尿布; （女士）卫生巾
分布：餐巾(94%)，卫生巾(5%)，一小块布或毛巾(1%)
→来自拉丁语mappa,布，词源同map,-kin,小词后缀。引申词义餐巾布，餐巾纸。
餐巾(nap桌布)[-kin表名词"小…"]
n.餐巾,餐巾纸,尿布You'd better use a napkin at the table.你吃饭时最好用餐巾.
['næp.kɪn/ (UK also serviette)
noun countable
■a small square piece of cloth or paper used while you are eating for protecting your clothes or to clean your mouth or fingers 餐巾；餐巾纸
n. 餐巾；餐巾纸；尿布
 - serviette, mokador

Word: neurosurgeon
Front: neurosurgeon
[ˌnjʊərəʊ'sɜ:dʒən] (17879/38535)
Back: n. 神经外科医生
分布：神经外科医生(100%)
US ['nʊr.oʊˌsɝ:-] noun countable
■a doctor who performs operations involving the brain or nerves 神经外科医生

Word: overconfident
Front: overconfident
[ˌəʊvəˈkɒnfɪdənt] (托 27552/48356)
Vocabulary: overconfident
(once / 17459 pages)
adj
If you're overconfident, you're so sure of yourself that you're pushy and obnoxious. It's important to be confident at a job interview, but if you're overconfident, you may come across as downright rude.
There's a fine line between confidence and overconfidence: being confident is attractive and appropriate. When someone seems overconfident, though, they appear to be unrealistically sure of themselves, more arrogant than poised. Overconfident combines the prefix over-, "too much," and confident, from the Latin confidentem, "firmly trusting or self-confident."
WORD FAMILY
overconfident: overconfidence, overconfidently+/ confidence: confidences, confidential, self-confidence/ confident: confidence, confidenter, confidently, overconfident, self-confident / confidential: confidentiality, confidentially
USAGE EXAMPLES
Because your conscious mind is basically an overconfident storyteller.
Time(Dec 13, 2016)
Jordan strongly suggested after the Brooklyn defeat that the Clippers were showing signs of being an overconfident group for no good reason.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 01, 2016)
“At the time, I would consider myself a big shot - overconfident. It was bad,” he said.
Washington Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 过于自信的，自负的; 不自量
分布：自负的(56%)，过于自信的(44%)
adj. 过于自信的；自负的
 - proud, conceited

Word: nothingness
Front: nothingness
[ˈnʌθɪŋnəs] (16067/21469)
Back: n. 无; 虚无; 不存在; 无生命
分布：虚无(76%)，不存在(20%)，毫无意义(4%)
→nothing,无，-ness,抽象名词后缀。引申词义虚无。
noun uncountable
■a state where nothing is present, or where nothing exists that is important or gives meaning to life 虚无；空虚
n. 虚无，不存在；空白；不存在的状态
 - gap, blank

Word: opener
Front: opener
[ˈəʊpnə(r)] (高 7761/10456 -1)
Back: n. 开启者; 开启工具
分布：开端(51%)，开启工具(31%)，揭幕赛(18%)
→比喻用法。
US ['oʊ.pən.ɚ] noun
bottle/can/tin, etc. opener
countable
■a device for opening closed containers 开瓶器／罐头起子等
UK ['əʊ.pən.ər] US ['oʊ.pən.ɚ] noun
for openers informal
■first 首先
• Just for openers, I'd like to ask a question. 首先，我想提个问题

Word: omniscient
Front: omniscient
[ɒmˈnɪsiənt] (宝 21274/24909)
Vocabulary: omniscient
(once / 3562 pages)
adj
To be omniscient is to know everything. This often refers to a special power of God.
If you combine the Latin roots omnis (meaning "all") and scientia (meaning "knowledge"), you'll get omniscient, meaning "knowledge of all." It would be nice to be omniscient: then you would know absolutely everything in the world. Many religions have a god who is all-powerful and omniscient. This is how a god is supposed to know when you sinned, or what's going to happen in the future.
WORD FAMILY
omniscient: omniscience, omnisciently
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Bull” is prototypical network prime-time chum: Each self-contained episode revolves around a single legal case; the protagonist is an omniscient, infallible, borderline unethical white man.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Her anxiety was structurally related to her ambition; her vigilance resembled the omniscient uncertainty of immigrant parents.
The New Yorker(Nov 27, 2016)
What makes Home special is its tie to Google’s omniscient search engine.
Seattle Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 无所不知的
分布：无所不知的(73%)，全知的(27%)
→omni-,全，总，-sci,知道，知晓，词源同science.引申词义全能的。
无所示在的(omni+scient知道的)[omni-表示"全部,到处"]
无所不知的(omni所有+sci+ent)[sci=know,表示"知道"]
【记】omni全，scient知道一全知道的
【参】prescient（adj 预知的）；conscience（n 良心）
【反】vacuous（adj 空虚的）
US [ɑ:m'nɪʃ.ənt] formal
adjective
■having or seeming to have unlimited knowledge 无所不知的，全知的
• the omniscient narrator 全知叙述者
adj. 全知的；无所不知的
 - all-knowing, pansophic
n. 上帝；无所不知者
 - lord, Creator

Word: overproduction
Front: overproduction
[ˌəʊvəprə'dʌkʃn] (28413/33791)
Back: n. 生产过剩
分布：生产过剩(79%)，过量生产(21%)
生产过度(over+productoin生产)[over-①表示"过度,过分"②表示"在……之上"③表示"翻转"]

Word: phlegmatic
Front: phlegmatic
[flegˈmætɪk] (托宝 33350/22374)
Vocabulary: phlegmatic
(once / 4823 pages)
adj
Yes, phlegmatic has roots in that colorless, mucousy stuff called phlegm, but people who are phlegmatic aren't called that because they have lots of mucus. They are just a little dull in expressing feelings or showing emotion.
It may be their training more than their natural behavior, but those palace guards who wear the red coats and big hats and show absolutely no expression on their faces are phlegmatic. Attempts to make them laugh, smile, or twist their faces in irritation won’t work, because being phlegmatic is important to their role as stone-faced keepers of the palace. Phlegmatic people show less emotion on the outside — but who knows, they may be jumping up and down on the inside.
WORD FAMILY
phlegmatic: phlegmatically+/ phlegm: phlegmatic, phlegmatical, phlegms, phlegmy
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her talkative enthusiasm meshes with his phlegmatic skepticism.
The New Yorker(Dec 30, 2016)
More phlegmatic than their cousins in mainland Greece, many Cypriots simply accepted the draconian terms of the deal, although there were protests.
The Guardian(Nov 19, 2016)
Speaking at Goodyear's future of mobility seminar in October, Prof David Metz of University College London's Transport Institute was phlegmatic about driverless cars.
BBC(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 冷静的; 镇定的; 迟钝的; 冷漠的
分布：冷淡的(40%)，冷漠的(30%)，冷静的(30%)
→来自phlegm,冷淡，迟钝，冷静，镇定。
冷静的,冷漠的(phlegm冷淡,痰,古人认为痰多者冷漠)[-atic表形容词"有…性质的"]
【记】ph读：腐，leg，mat，ic：腐烂的腿在席子上流脓－含痰的－西方人认为痰多的人不易动感情－冷淡的
【反】vivacious（adj 活泼的）；spirited（adj 生气勃勃的）；sprightly（adj 轻快的）；lively（adj 活泼的）
US [-'mætˌ-] formal
adjective
■describes someone who doesn't usually get emotional or excited about things 冷静的，沉着的，镇定的
• As a footballer his great asset was his calm, phlegmatic manner. 作为一名足球运动员，他最大的优点是他在场上沉着冷静的大将之风。
adj. 冷淡的；迟钝的；冷漠的
 - cold, distant, slow, lukewarm

Word: peasantry
Front: peasantry
[ˈpezntri] (20539/9322 -1)
Back: n. （总称）农民; 农民阶级; 农民的状况、地位或行为
分布：名词(100%)
农民(peasant农民)[-ry表名词,通常放在一个完整的单词后面1.表示"状态,性质"2.表示"行业,学科"3.表示集合名词4.表示"场地"]
noun uncountable
■especially in the past, all the people who were peasants （尤指过去的）农民（总称）
n. 农民（总称）；农民身分
 - farmer, granger

Word: platonic
Front: platonic
[plə'tɒnɪk] (宝 17216/19396)
Vocabulary: platonic
(once / 14414 pages)
adj
Platonic describes a relationship that is purely spiritual and not physical. If a guy and a girl hang out all the time but aren't boyfriend and girlfriend, they'd describe their friendship as platonic.
This word platonic refers to the writings of Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher who wrote on the interesting subject of love. Platonic love and platonic friendships are marked by the absence of physical or sexual desire. Plato did acknowledge physical desire, but thought that if two people truly inspired each other, their spiritual or ideal love would bring them closer to God.
WORD FAMILY
platonic: platonically
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was the platonic ideal of a Bryant game, in other words.
The Guardian(Dec 30, 2016)
Buchanan taught us not to think of government officials behaving in accordance with some platonic ideal of the public good.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 07, 2016)
Despite their differences, Moana and Maui turn out to need each other desperately, though that need is refreshingly platonic in nature.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 柏拉图（哲学）的; 理想的; 不切实际的; （两性之间关系）纯精神友谊的
分布：柏拉图哲学的(40%)，理想的(30%)，不切实际的(20%)，柏拉图主义的(10%)
→来自希腊语Platon,古希腊哲学家柏拉图，字面意思为宽肩的，来自platys,宽的，词源同plate.因柏拉图在一本文集里面系统论述了爱情中的性爱和情爱的区别，在欧洲文艺复兴时期就借用他的名字表达这一概念。
US [-'tɑ:.nɪk] adjective
■A platonic relationship or emotion is loving but not sexual （恋爱或感情）纯精神而无性爱的，柏拉图式的
• She knew he fancied her, but preferred to keep their relationship platonic. 她知道他喜欢她，但她更愿意与他保持纯友谊的关系。
adj. 理想的；柏拉图哲学的；不切实际的；纯精神友谊的
 - ideal, unreasonable, dream, perfecting

Word: pomegranate
Front: pomegranate
[ˈpɒmɪgrænɪt] (15378/33051)
Vocabulary: pomegranate
(once / 2958 pages)
n
A pomegranate is a large, red-skinned fruit with delicious, juicy seeds. Eating a pomegranate can be messy.
You can probably find a pomegranate at a large grocery store in the produce section. It won't look very enticing, with its rough, leathery peel, but once you cut it open and pop out the ruby red seeds, you'll understand why it's many people's favorite fruit. The Latin root of pomegranate is pomum granatum, literally "apple with many seeds." Pome means "apple," and granatum comes from the Latin word for "seed or grain," granum.
WORD FAMILY
pomegranate: pomegranates
USAGE EXAMPLES
A doctoral candidate at UC Riverside’s Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Chater is cultivating and studying the same pomegranates his grandfather once grew.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
The cocktail menu will include an emphasis on rosewater, orange blossom, mint, pomegranate and fig.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 06, 2016)
The first is people selling local produce at the side of the road: pyramids of pomegranates, caskets of plump radishes.
The Guardian(Dec 03, 2016)
Back: n. 石榴; 石榴树
分布：石榴(89%)，石榴树(11%)
→pome,苹果，水果，-gran,颗粒，词源同grain.即有籽的苹果，用于指石榴。
US ['pɑ:mˌgræn-] noun countable
■a round thick-skinned fruit containing a mass of red seeds and a lot of juice 石榴
n. [园艺] 石榴
 - megranate

Word: pocketbook
Front: pocketbook
[ˈpɒkɪtbʊk] (托 12623/-)
Vocabulary: pocketbook
(once / 3026 pages)
1n 2n
Pocketbook is another name for a purse or wallet, a place to keep money or other essentials. Pocketbook can also refer to the amount of money you have, even if it’s in your mattress.
In the UK, pocketbook is a pocket-sized notebook, but in the US it's usually a small bag typically carried by women. Figuratively, your pocketbook is your budget: "Those shoes are way too expensive for my pocketbook." In the early 1600s, a pocketbook was "a book small enough to fit in a pocket," and by 1722 it became "a booklike leather folder for papers." In the early 1800s, it came to mean "woman's handbag."
WORD FAMILY
pocketbook: pocketbooks
USAGE EXAMPLES
The responses, though, raised questions for some on social media about Mexico's priorities and Mexicans' supposed obsession with pocketbook issues rather than other social indignities.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
“Pocketbook and economic issues is pretty much all I campaigned on,” he says.
Science Magazine(Dec 21, 2016)
Democrats must, therefore, pester Republicans where it hurts: the pocketbook.
Time(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 皮夹; 小本子; 女用钱袋; <美>必须花费的钱
分布：袖珍本(39%)，皮夹子(36%)，财力(15%)，经济收益的(10%)
US ['pɑ:.kɪt-] US
noun countable
■a woman's handbag 女用手提包
• I need a new pocketbook to go with these shoes. 我需要一个新手提包来配这双鞋。
sb's pocketbook
■the money that someone has or their ability to pay for things 财力，购买力
• These new tax arrangements will hit everyone's pocketbook. 这些新的税收政策将会影响每个人的经济利益。
• Voters don't all realize how much the results could affect their pocketbooks. 并非所有的选民都意识到投票结果对他们的经济利益会有多大影响。
n. 钱包；笔记本；经济来源；皮夹
 - bag, wallet

Word: pollan

Word: plenary
Front: plenary
[ˈpli:nəri] (宝 20877/21759)
Vocabulary: plenary
(once / 8277 pages)
adj
If something is full or complete, you can describe it as plenary. When you get to be a teenager, your parents can give you plenary responsibility for your siblings when they go out. They pay pretty well to boss the kids around!
Although the adjective plenary can be used to describe anything that is full or complete, it most often describes a full meeting session, as in a political meeting or a board meeting. The school board met in a plenary session today to discuss the purchase of land for a new high school. When you got asked to be the plenary speaker at the board meeting, you made sure to put it on your resume right away.
WORD FAMILY
plenary: plenarily+/plenum: plena, plenary, plenums
USAGE EXAMPLES
The rare reconsideration of a rule agreed to in 2013 by 41 countries was derailed at the plenary’s annual December meeting in Vienna.
Seattle Times(Dec 19, 2016)
A parliamentary official reported the motion to a plenary session Thursday.
Seattle Times(Dec 07, 2016)
No one was openly critical of Trump during the morning plenary sessions.
Washington Post(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 全体出席的; 无限的; 完全的; 绝对的
n. 全体会议，全会
分布：全体会议(81%)，全体出席的(9%)，充分的(7%)，完全的(3%)
→plen-,全体的，-ary,形容词后缀。引申词义全体的，全民的。
【记】plen＝plete满，ary－权力和人都满－权力无限的；全体出席的
US [-nɚ.i] specialized
adjective
■describes a meeting at which all the members of a group or organization are present, especially at a conference 全体的，全体出席的
• a plenary session of the UN Security Council 联合国安理会全体会议
UK ['pli:.nə.ri] US [-nɚ.i] specialized
noun countable
■a plenary meeting 全体会议
adj. 充分的；全体出席的
 - sufficient, wealthy

Word: platter
Front: platter
[ˈplætə(r)] (7214/16206 -1)
Back: n. <美>大浅盘; 唱片; 不图回报地（给予）; 拱手相让
分布：大浅盘(75%)，一盘食物(15%)，留声机唱片(10%)
→来自plate,盘子。
US ['plætˌ.ɚ] noun countable
■a large plate used for serving food or a meal with one type of food served on a large plate 大浅盘
• a fish platter 鱼盘
UK ['plæt.ər] US ['plætˌ.ɚ] noun countable
give / hand sth to sb on a (silver) platter
■to allow someone to get something very easily, without having to work for it 轻易让步；拱手相让
• If you sell your share in the company now, you're handing the ownership to him on a silver platter. 如果你现在出售你在公司的股权，就等于把所有权拱手让给他了。
n. [轻] 大浅盘；唱片；唱机转盘
 - disk, disc

Word: ploughshare
Front: ploughshare
[ˈplaʊʃeə(r)] (-/38612)
Back: n. （犁）铧，铧头
分布：犁铧(100%)
US [-ʃer] noun countable
■the sharp blade of a plough 犁头，犁刀
n. 犁头
 - plowshare, colter

Word: procreation
Front: procreation
[ˌprəʊkrɪ'eɪʃn] (19345/23417)
Back: n. 生产，生殖
分布：生殖(72%)，生产(28%)
n. 生殖；生产
 - generation, production, get, reproduction

Word: quai

Word: prejudge
Front: prejudge
[ˌpri:ˈdʒʌdʒ] (26180/24753)
Vocabulary: prejudge
(once / 19126 pages)
v
To prejudge is to make a decision about something before you have all the facts. If you prejudge a game, you decide who’s going to win before it starts. Better hold off on the victory party until it’s over.
When you judge someone or something, you "form an opinion or a conclusion" about it. Adding the "before" prefix pre- to that means you come to this conclusion before you should. If an actual judge in a court of law were to prejudge her cases, she'd make her decisions before hearing any evidence at all. When you prejudge, you count your chickens before they hatch.
WORD FAMILY
prejudge: prejudged, prejudges, prejudging+/ judge: judged, judges, judgeship, judging, judgment, misjudge, prejudge /judged: ill-judged/judgeship: judgeships/judging: judgings/ judgment: judgmental, judgments/ judgmental: nonjudgmental / misjudge: misjudged, misjudges, misjudging/ nonjudgmental: nonjudgmentally
USAGE EXAMPLES
Not to prejudge or impose an outcome, but to provide a possible basis for serious negotiations when the parties are ready.
Time(Dec 28, 2016)
I don’t want to prejudge the guy, but that’s a bit unnerving.”
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
“I don’t want to prejudge the guy, but that’s a bit unnerving.”
Washington Post(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: v. 预先判断
时态：prejudged, prejudging, prejudges
分布：预先判断(100%)
→pre-,在前，早于，预先，judge,判断。引申词义偏见，成见。
预先断定(pre预先+judge)[judg,judic=judge,表示"判断"]
disapproving
verb transitive
■to form an opinion about a situation or a person before knowing or considering all of the facts （未经了解全部情况）对…预先作出判断，凭预想判断
• Let's not prejudge the situation - we need to hear both sides of the story first. 我们先别对情况作出判断——我们首先得听听双方的说法。

Word: rationalism
Front: rationalism
[ˈræʃnəlɪzəm] (19529/22658)
Vocabulary: rationalism
(once / 2461 pages)
n
Rationalism is a doctrine that prioritizes reason over emotion. If you're scared of the dark and convinced there's a monster in your closet, your parents will beg you to be rational, and rely on what you know (empty closet) instead of what your fear (monster!).
French philosopher René Descartes, who wrote "I think therefore I am," is considered the father of rationalism. He believed that eternal truths can only be discovered and tested through reason. The "scientific method" is one of rationalism's great gifts to mankind––if something cannot be proven through a repeatable experiment, you do not consider it to be true.
WORD FAMILY
rationalism: rationalist, rationalistic+/ irrational: irrationality, irrationally, irrationals/irrationality: irrationalities/ rational: irrational, nonrational, rationalise, rationalism, rationality, rationalize, rationally, rationalness, rationals/rationalisation: rationalisations/rationalise: rationalisation, rationalised, rationalises, rationalising/rationalist: rationalists/rationalistic: rationalistically/ rationality: rationalities/ rationalization: rationalizations/ rationalize: rationalization, rationalized, rationalizes, rationalizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Admitted to the University of Chicago Divinity School, he became intrigued by the scientific rationalism propounded by Henry Nelson Wieman, an influential liberal theologian there.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
For Rousseau, the “imperious dogmatists” prescribing rationalism to all of humanity were self-interested and undemocratic.
The New Yorker(Nov 14, 2016)
And to stand up for the idea of rationalism, and an enlightened approach to policy and ideas.
Slate(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 理性主义，唯理论
分布：理性主义(89%)，唯理论(11%)
→来自 rational,合理的，经过思考的，-ism,主义，思想。
noun uncountable
■the belief or principle that actions and opinions should be based on reason rather than on emotion or religion 理性主义；唯理主义；理性至上

Word: recife

Word: rangoon
Front: rangoon
[ræŋˈɡu:n] (-/28451)
Back: n. 仰光（缅甸首都）
分布：仰光(100%)

Word: recalcitrance
Front: recalcitrance
[rɪ'kælsɪtrəns] (32737/37108)
Vocabulary: recalcitrance
(once / 101020 pages)
n
Recalcitrance is the habit or characteristic of being very stubborn and difficult. Your dog's recalcitrance might mean you always end up picking him up and carrying him home when he refuses to keep walking.
If lawmakers refuse to vote quickly on the President's bill, she might accuse them of recalcitrance. And, if soccer players stubbornly ignore their coach's advice and argue constantly with the referee, they'll also be accused of recalcitrance. If you tend toward recalcitrance, you're recacitrant, from the French récalcitrant, which literally means "kicking back."
WORD FAMILY
recalcitrate: recalcitrance, recalcitrated, recalcitrates, recalcitrating
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Everything that we know about this indicates that it is the parents who are directly supporting, enabling, aiding and abetting the husband’s recalcitrance,” Stern said.
Seattle Times(Nov 06, 2016)
Years of careful recalcitrance, and negative publicity have scorched it more than any fundamental flaw.
New York Times(Oct 28, 2016)
Theories abound about the true motivation for his recalcitrance.
Washington Post(Jul 19, 2016)
Back: n. 反抗，顽强，不听话
分布：固执(54%)，顽抗(46%)
n. 反抗，顽抗；固执，不听话
 - resistance, rebellion

Word: riff
Front: riff
[rɪf] (15730/27077 -1)
Vocabulary: riff
(once / 10639 pages)
1nv 2v
A riff is a short section of music, especially in jazz. When you're first learning to play the saxophone, you may just play the same riff over and over.
When one jazz musician in a band is improvising, the others are typically playing riffs in the background. Sometimes a riff introduces the start of a song or its chorus. To play this section is also to riff, and you can also talk about improvised speech using riff: "The stand-up comic decided to riff on the subject of his mom, since it was the only joke that was getting any laughs."
WORD FAMILY
riff: riffed, riffing, riffs
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Cincinnati zoo declared itself unimpressed with all the riffs on its dead animal - but that certainly didn't put an end to the jokes.
BBC(Dec 31, 2016)
Rather than recreate the props of “At the Hawk’s Well,” Mr. Starling riffs on its creators and their colleagues in wartime Dublin, Paris and Tokyo.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Some look like angled tides of digital lightning; others like riffs on Southwestern quilts; and some like pixelated Photoshop fails.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 反复乐节; 即兴重复段; 里弗族
v. 反复演奏即兴段
时态：riffed, riffing, riffs
分布：即兴重复段(60%)，反复乐节(40%)
noun countable
■in jazz or popular music, a tune which continues or appears regularly in a piece of music while other parts change or are added （爵士乐或流行音乐的）重覆乐段
• The song is punctuated by long guitar riffs. 这首歌中穿插着很长的吉他演奏的重覆乐段。

Word: rewind
Front: rewind
[ˌri:ˈwaɪnd] (高 20177/26999)
Back: v. 倒回（影片、录音带等）; 重绕
n. 重绕; 倒带器
分布：倒带(50%)，重绕(37%)，转回(8%)，倒带装置(5%)
→re-,向后，往回，wind,转动，缠绕。
[ˌri:'waɪnd] (rewound, rewound)
verb transitive
■to put a tape recording back to the beginning 倒回（磁带）；倒（带）；倒（片）
• Will you rewind the tape so we can hear it again? 你可不可以把磁带倒回去，让我们再听一遍？

Word: reconquest

Word: repertory
Front: repertory
[ˈrepətri] (托 13284/16160 -1)
Back: n. 仓库，贮藏所; （尤指知识等的）贮藏，搜集; 贮藏物; 全部剧目
分布：全部剧目(46%)，仓库(36%)，积贮(18%)
→来自拉丁语 repertorium,清单，目录，来自 reperire 的过去分词形式，来自 reperire,找到，得 到，来自 re-,表强调，parire,产生，带来，词源同 parent,prepare.引申诸相关词义。
US [-ɚ.tɔ:r-] (informal rep)
noun uncountable
■the repeated performance of several plays one after the other by one company of actors （演员阵容固定的）保留剧目轮演
• a repertory company/group/theatre 轮演剧目演出剧团／剧组／剧院
in repertory
■If a play is in repertory, it is one of several different plays being performed on particular days by the same company of actors （节目）轮演的；属于轮演节目的；在保留节目之中
• 'Macbeth' is in repertory at the RSC. 《马克白》是皇家莎士比亚剧团的保留剧目之一。
■If an actor is in repertory, they are working with a repertory theatre group. （演员）参加节目轮演的，轮演剧码演出剧团的
n. 储备；仓库；全部剧目
 - reserve, warehouse

Word: reclassify
Front: reclassify
[ˌri:ˈklæsɪfaɪ] (23581/34074)
Vocabulary: reclassify
(once / 36035 pages)
v
When you reclassify something, you change its category. A bookseller might reclassify a memoir as "fiction" after it's revealed that the author invented most of the people and events in it.
Your boss where you work part-time may reclassify you as a full-time worker in the summer, when you have more time for your job. And your school might consider cheerleading to be a club, while some others have decided to reclassify it as a sport. In both cases, something has changed categories. The verb reclassify adds the "again" prefix re- to classify, which means "put into a class or group."
WORD FAMILY
reclassify: reclassified, reclassifying+/ class: classed, classes, classify, classing, classless, classy, subclass, superclass, underclass/classifiable: classifiably, unclassifiable/ classification: classifications, reclassification/classified: classifieds, unclassified/classifier: classifiers/ classify: classifiable, classification, classificatory, classified, classifier, classifies, classifying, declassify, reclassify / classy: classier, classiest, classily/declassify: declassification, declassified, declassifying/reclassification: reclassifications/subclass: subclasses/underclass: underclasses
USAGE EXAMPLES
The commission reclassified lynx and the marbled murrelets, a small seabird, as endangered because of continuing loss of their habitat.
Seattle Times(Dec 25, 2016)
After that, the central government may do more to drive production, possibly reclassifying pick-ups as passenger cars rather than commercial vehicles, he said.
Reuters(Nov 30, 2016)
“The medicine allows them to look at things from a different place and reclassify them,” said Ms. Mithoefer, a psychiatric nurse.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: vt. 将…再次（重新）分类
时态：reclassified, reclassifying, reclassifies
分布：重新分类(74%)，重新安排等级(26%)
vt. 重新分类；重新安排等级
 - regrade

Word: roque

Word: shopfront

Word: seclusion
Front: seclusion
[sɪˈklu:ʒn] (托 16579/19046)
Vocabulary: seclusion
(once / 1139 pages)
n
Seclusion means being separate, and apart from others, in a quiet kind of way. If you want seclusion, try a private island.
The word seclusion implies privacy as well as separateness. An island with no other islands around it or a cabin in the middle of a forest will offer you seclusion if you need to get away from other people. Some nations have a policy of seclusion — they do not allow people, products, or ideas to cross their borders and enter the country.
WORD FAMILY
seclusion: seclusions+/ seclude: secluded, secludes, secluding, seclusion / secluded: secludedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
He will never be able to elude the often paralyzing seclusion of presidential leadership.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
The laws require the state Department of Education to develop a state policy on seclusion and restraint that is consistent with the bills.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
The book about seclusion and secret places was everywhere.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: n. 隔绝，隔离，隐居
分布：隐居(57%)，隔离(26%)，隔绝(17%)
→来自 seclude,隔离，隐居，-s,过去分词格，-ion,名词后缀。
noun uncountable
■when someone is alone, away from other people 与世隔绝；退隐
• He's been living in seclusion since he retired from acting. 自从他退出演艺圈以来，一直过着隐居的生活。
• In some societies women are kept in seclusion, so that they are hardly ever seen in public. 在有些社会里，女性深居简出，很少在公共场合露面。
• After being with a tour group all week I was glad to return to the seclusion of my own home. 跟团旅游一周之后，我很高兴又回到安静的家中。
n. 隔离；隐退；隐蔽的地方
 - insulation, isolation, segregation

Word: rutherford

Word: scuba
Front: scuba
['skju:bə] (托 13275/24752)
Vocabulary: scuba
(once / 26207 pages)
n
A scuba is a portable breathing device for deep sea divers. With the help of a scuba tank, divers can explore very deep parts of the ocean.
You can use scuba for the compressed air tank itself, or to describe the divers who use it — scuba divers. Most of these scuba divers use masks and wear rubber fins on their feet to propel themselves through the water. Scuba devices are useful for recreation and tasks like coast guard search and rescue operations or marine biology observations. Scuba is an acronym, standing for "self-contained underwater breathing apparatus."
WORD FAMILY
scuba
USAGE EXAMPLES
But that is changing as researchers use advanced scuba gear to dive far deeper.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
Did we mark the milestone by scuba diving off the Great Barrier Reef?
Washington Post(Dec 17, 2016)
The Foss Waterway Seaport’s Museum exhibits include “Puget Sound’s Mosquito Fleet,” maritime Lego display, “Rails to Sails,” a vintage scuba exhibition and classic recreational boats.
Seattle Times(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: n. 水肺，便携式水下呼吸器
分布：名词(100%)
n. [水运] 水肺；水中呼吸器
 - aqualung

Word: scallop
Front: scallop
[ˈskɒləp] (12363/24488 -1)
Back: n. 扇贝; 扇贝壳; 扇（贝）形
vt. 使成扇形
vi. 拾扇贝
时态：scalloped, scalloping, scallops
分布：扇贝壳(32%)，拾扇贝(23%)，使成扇形(23%)，=scollop.(11%)，扇形饰边(11%)
→来自古法语 escalope,贝壳，词源同 shell.
US ['skɑ:.ləp] noun countable
■a sea creature that can be eaten and which lives inside two joined flat round shells 扇贝； 干贝
n. [无脊椎] 扇贝， [水产] 干贝
 - scollop

Word: spinster
Front: spinster
[ˈspɪnstə(r)] (22068/14367)
Vocabulary: spinster
(once / 2332 pages)
1n 2n
A spinster, or an older, unmarried woman. Even if you're in awe of your Aunt Sally's glamorous, single life, your grandmother might dismiss her as a spinster.
Spinster originally meant "a spinner of thread," and as that was a job typically done by unmarried women, it came to have the meaning — even in legal documents — of "single woman." Another term for spinster is the equally old-fashioned sounding old maid. Either way, it means a woman who never got married. Spinster is not a word you should call anyone: it reduces single women to one detail about their lives.
WORD FAMILY
spinster: spinsterhood, spinsters
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Beauty Queen,” the story of an Irish spinster and her manipulative mother, begins performances on Jan. 11 at BAM’s Harvey Theater.
New York Times(Oct 25, 2016)
Mrs Morgan ran it with her daughters, who were elderly spinsters.
BBC(Sep 12, 2016)
“You know the type, some tight-laced spinster with a mouth like a cat’s ass.”
Patrick Rothfuss, The Name of the Wind(2007)
Back: n. 未婚女人，老处女
分布：老处女(77%)，未婚女人(23%)
→来自 spin,纺织，编织，-ster,表阴性。即纺纱者，后代指老处女，老姑娘，含强烈的暗示意 味。
未婚女人(spin纺纱...纺纱女人...少女)[-ster表名词"…人"]
US [-stɚ] old-fashioned
noun countable
■a woman who is not married, especially a woman who is no longer young and seems unlikely ever to marry 老处女，老姑娘

Word: sod
Front: sod
[sɒd] (宝 35742/10560)
Back: n. 草地，草皮; <俗，谑>人，家伙; 故乡，本国; <英俚>鸡奸者，兽奸者
v. 铺草皮; 以生草土覆盖; 铺草皮于
时态：sodded, sodding, sods
分布：草地(45%)，诅咒(19%)，鸡奸者(14%)，家伙(14%)，用草皮覆盖(4%)，困难的事(4%)
US [sɑ:d] noun
PERSON 人
countable UK offensive
■something or someone considered unpleasant or difficult 讨厌的事物（或人）；难办的事
• Apparently he's a sod to work for. 显然为他这种人做事很麻烦。
• What did you do that for, you stupid sod? 为甚么要那样做，你这愚蠢的讨厌鬼？
• It was a sod of a car to repair. 这辆车很难修理。
countable UK offensive
■used to show that you think that someone has done better than they should （认为某人的表现超出预期时）小子
• He's won again - the lucky sod! 他又赢了——这小子真走运！
countable UK informal
■used to or about someone that you feel sympathy for （表示对某人的同情）可怜的家伙
• The poor old sod - I don't suppose he's got a home. 这可怜的老头子——我认为他没有家。
UK [sɒd] US [sɑ:d] noun
GRASS 草
only singular specialized
■a rectangular piece which has been cut from an area of grass （移植的）草皮，草地
• He worked fast, cutting and slicing the turf neatly, heaving the sod to one side. 他做得很快，把草皮一块块整整齐齐地切割开来并拖到一边。
only singular literary
■soil or ground 土壤；土地
• She sleeps beneath the sod (= She is dead and has been buried). 她长眠九泉了。
UK [sɒd] US [sɑ:d] noun
not care/give a sod UK offensive
■to not be worried about other people's opinions or actions 不担心；不在意
• I'm leaving and I don't give a sod (about) what Margaret thinks. 我要走了，我才不在意玛格丽特怎么想呢。
• She doesn't care a sod about her reputation. 她一点都不在意自己的名声。
UK [sɒd] US [sɑ:d] verb
  Phrasal Verbs  [not continuous] sod off UK offensive
■to go away 滚开
• Oh sod off, you stupid git! 哦，滚开，你这白痴！
• She told him to sod off. 她叫他滚开。
UK [sɒd] US [sɑ:d] exclamation (also Sod it!) UK offensive
■used to express anger （表示恼火）该死
• Oh sod it - I've left my glasses behind! 哦，该死——我忘记拿眼镜了！
n. 草地；草皮
 - grass, lawn, meadow

Word: snout
Front: snout
[snaʊt] (14549/16040)
Vocabulary: snout
(once / 3189 pages)
n
An animal's long, protruding nose is often called a snout. The tricky part, though, is that not all long animal noses are called snouts.
An elephant has a very long nose, but we don't call it a snout, we call it a trunk. A horse's nose is rarely referred to as a snout, because it's really their whole face that's long. Birds have beaks. Most dogs have a snout, except for pugs and boxers and other dogs with smashed-in faces. Bears have snouts, as do rats. Do yourself a favor, though, and never tell a person that they have a snout, no matter how large their nose is. Believe it or not, snout may actually be a cousin of the word snot: that should help you remember it!
WORD FAMILY
snout: snouts
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the first version he calls the Japanese servants “muso,” which translates as “mug” or “snout”; snubs Japanese food; and satirizes Japanese customs.
New York Times(Dec 06, 2016)
The team then used a 3D printer to create the outer shell of a plastic “nose” fashioned after the snout of a Labrador retriever.
The Guardian(Dec 01, 2016)
And again I waved my arms and yelled and again it stopped, this time so close I could almost reach out and touch its snout.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. （猪等动物的）长鼻子，口鼻部
分布：鼻口部(46%)，猪嘴(36%)，鼻状物(18%)
→来自中古低地德语 snute,鼻子，口鼻部，来自 Proto-Germanic*snut,鼻子，拟声词，模仿鼻子 发出的声音。引申诸相关词义。
noun countable
■the nose and mouth which stick out from the face of some animals （一些动物突出的）口鼻部
• a pig's snout 猪鼻
■slang for
■a person's nose （人的）鼻子
• George has an enormous snout. 乔治有个大鼻子。
n. 鼻子；猪嘴；烟草；鼻口部；口吻状物
 - tobacco, nose

Word: softball
Front: softball
[ˈsɒftbɔ:l] (高 8130/-)
Back: n. 垒球（运动）
分布：垒球(100%)
US ['sɑ:ft.bɑ:l] noun uncountable
■a game similar to baseball but played with a larger softer ball 垒球（运动）

Word: strangeness
Front: strangeness
[streɪndʒnəs] (16884/19151)
Back: n. 奇怪; 古怪; 陌生; 生疏
分布：陌生(70%)，奇妙(20%)，不可思议(10%)
noun uncountable
UNUSUAL 不寻常
■the quality of being unusual, unexpected or difficult to understand 不寻常；奇怪；不可思议
['streɪndʒ.nəs] noun uncountable
NOT FAMILIAR 陌生
■the quality of not being familiar 陌生
• She was struck by the strangeness of her surroundings. 陌生的环境令她十分吃惊。
n. 陌生；冷淡； [高能] 奇异性
 - unfamiliarity, indifference

Word: stork
Front: stork
[stɔ:k] (20487/25271)
Back: n. <动>鹳
分布：名词(100%)
→来自古英语 storc,鹳，来自 Proto-Germanic*sturkaz,鹳，来自 ster,固定的，僵硬的，词源 同 stark,sterile.可能因这种鸟站立的姿势或因其瘦长的腿而得名。
US [stɔ:rk] noun countable
■a large white bird with very long legs which walks around in water to find its food 鹳

Word: sooty
Front: sooty
[ˈsʊti] (21058/20337)
Back: adj. 煤烟熏黑的，乌黑的
分布：乌黑的(82%)，煤烟熏黑了的(18%)
→来自 soot,煤灰，油灰，-y,形容词后缀。
adj. 乌黑的；煤烟熏黑的
 - raven

Word: tactile
Front: tactile
[ˈtæktaɪl] (托宝 13853/19870)
Vocabulary: tactile
(once / 13824 pages)
adj
Tactile has to do with the sense of touch. There's a huge tactile difference between smooth glass and rough sandpaper.
Anything to do with touch can be described as tactile. Ever notice how a dog would rather sleep on a soft blanket than a rubbery leather couch? That's because dogs have tactile preferences: the softer the better. Different textures of food are tactile — they feel different in your mouth, aside from how they taste. You deal with the world of tactile things every day — you use your tactile sense whenever you touch anything.
WORD FAMILY
tactile: tactilely, tactility, tactily
USAGE EXAMPLES
What’s more, when combined with virtual reality and tactile feedback, the systems even appear to promote a degree of recovery for people with paraplegia.
The Guardian(Dec 25, 2016)
In an increasingly digital age, Mr. Sax reminds us of the human craving for tactile, physical things, and the persistence of the real.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Thursdays at Noon: Portrait Insight Visualize art through a detailed verbal description of selected works; tactile objects may also be included.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 触觉的; 触觉感知的; 能触知的; 有形的
分布：触觉的(62%)，有触觉的(24%)，能触知的(14%)
→来自拉丁语 tactus,触摸，感觉，感知，来自 tangere,触摸，碰，词源同 tangent,contact.
【记】tact（n 触觉），ile－触觉的
【参】contact（n /v 接触；联系）
US [-təl] adjective
■related to the sense of touch 触觉的
■If something is tactile, it has a surface which is pleasant or attractive to touch 手感舒适的，富有质感的
• Her paintings have a very tactile quality. 她的画作具有很强的质感。
■describes someone who touches other people a lot 爱触碰他人的，喜欢动手动脚的
adj. [生理] 触觉的，有触觉的；能触知的
 - haptic

Word: surat

Word: substrate
Front: substrate
[ˈsʌbstreɪt] (13740/10923)
Vocabulary: substrate
(once / 46903 pages)
n
A substrate is the base layer of something, or a layer that's underneath another layer. It can also be a surface on which an organism grows or is attached.
Substrate also has a linguistic meaning: It's an indigenous language that contributes words or parts of speech to the language of an invading people who have imposed their language on the indigenous people. Throughout the United States, for instance, there are towns with Native American names, because Native American languages form a substrate to American English.
WORD FAMILY
substrate: substrates
USAGE EXAMPLES
Lava deltas are formed when lava enters the ocean and builds new land on loose and unstable substrate.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Printed PV devices are typically made from many layers of material on a substrate of conductive glass or plastic.
Nature(Nov 22, 2016)
Future studies will be required to define whether and how some of these substrates for LRRK2 kinase activity contribute to PD.
Nature(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 底物; 底层; 基底; 基层
分布：承印物(84%)，被酶作用物(16%)
→sub-,在下，-strat,地层，岩层，词源同 strategy,structure.
noun countable specialized
■a substance or surface which an organism grows and lives on and is supported by 基质，培养基（一种物质或表面，某种生物在其上成长并依靠它生存，且由它支撑）
■a substance which an enzyme (= chemical made by living cells) acts on to produce a chemical reaction 底物（一种物质，由活细胞释放的化学酶而产生的一种化学反应）
n. 基质；基片；底层（等于substratum）；酶作用物
 - matrix, ground substance

Word: stretcher
Front: stretcher
[ˈstretʃə(r)] (11654/12397 -1)
Back: n. 担架; 延伸器; 顺边砖; 框架结构的横档
分布：担架(95%)，伸张器(3%)，横档(2%)
→stretch,拉长，展开，-er,表物。引申词义担架。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a light frame made from two long poles with a cover of soft material stretched between them, used for carrying people who are ill, injured or dead 担架
• She was carried off the track on a stretcher. 她被人用担架抬下跑道。
n. [医] 担架； [机] 延伸器
 - litter

Word: summertime
Front: summertime
[ˈsʌmətaɪm] (12031/21397)
Back: n. 夏季，夏天
分布：夏季(95%)，全盛时期(5%)
US [-ɚ-] noun uncountable
■the season of summer 夏天，夏季
• You should see the garden in (the) summertime - it's beautiful. 你应该在夏天的时候来看看这个花园——非常漂亮。

Word: taxonomist
Front: taxonomist
[tækˈsɒnəmɪst] (宝 31621/37169)
Vocabulary: taxonomist
(once / 231752 pages)
n
A taxonomist is a biologist that groups organisms into categories. A plant taxonomist for example, might study the origins and relationships between different types of roses while an insect taxonomist might focus on the relationships between different types of beetles.
A taxonomist is not to be confused with a taxidermist, a person who specializes in the stuffing and mounting of dead animals. It's true, both words share their origins in the Greek taxis meaning "arrangement." But in the case of a taxonomist, it's not dead animals that are being arranged, its hierarchies of species.
WORD FAMILY
taxonomist: taxonomists+/taxonomic: taxonomically/ taxonomy: taxonomic, taxonomical, taxonomist
USAGE EXAMPLES
The health department has five mosquito trappers and five taxonomists who sort through the catch every day.
New York Times(Aug 21, 2016)
He admits that his catalog may not have been as meticulously put together as those constructed by taxonomists who organize organisms for a living.
New York Times(Jul 13, 2016)
Just when naturalist–taxonomists are needed most to expose the evidence, their position has become weak.
Nature(May 07, 2016)
Back: n. 分类学者
分布：分类学者(100%)
→来自 taxonomy,分类学，-ist,人。
【记】taxo税，nom＝name，ist：对税的名字分类的人。
【参】taxonomy（n 分类法；分类学）

Word: toga
Front: toga
[ˈtəʊgə] (25467/26770)
Vocabulary: toga
(once / 6102 pages)
n
A toga is the draped, dress-like garment worn by men in ancient Rome. Today, businessmen wear suits and ties, but thousands of years ago, the business suit of Rome was a toga.
The "toga party" is practically a rite of passage in college. What could be more fun than dressing in a drapy, one-piece, off-the-shoulder tunic like they did in ancient Rome, while chugging beer and acting like an idiot. Frankly, it's hard to understand what the toga adds to the party. Is it more fun to get drunk in a weird, ancient half-dress than it is to get drunk in your own pants and shirt? The statue of Julius Caesar shows him wearing his toga, but much of it is hidden under his armored chest-plate.
WORD FAMILY
toga: togas
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I must have looked like Julius Caesar’s last toga,” he says.
The New Yorker(Oct 06, 2016)
So what can the guys who invented the toga party teach us about living well?
Time(Sep 27, 2016)
Men—be they kings or paupers—drape themselves in two pieces of white unstitched cloth, a toga of sorts.
Wall Street Journal(Sep 08, 2016)
Back: n. 宽外袍，参议员的职位
分布：官服(100%)
→来自拉丁语 toga,斗篷，来自 teg,*steg,遮盖，词源同 tegular,protect.用于指古罗市民穿的 宽松大袍，在古罗马时期，该衣服具有象征意义，自由民或市民被要求穿着该袍以与奴隶穿 的短上衣(tunic)相区别，短上衣便于干活，而长袍则意味着社会地位。
US ['toʊ-] noun countable
■a piece of clothing worn by people in ancient Rome, consisting of a long piece of cloth wrapped around the body and hanging loosely from the shoulders （古罗马人穿的）托加袍

Word: tatar

Word: tittle
Front: tittle
['tɪtl] (35410/-)
Back: n. 一点
分布：微量(67%)，闲谈(33%)
n. 一点；微量；微小
 - suggestion, trace, drop

Word: tetanus
Front: tetanus
[ˈtetənəs] (21952/25210)
Vocabulary: tetanus
(once / 16934 pages)
n
Tetanus is a disease of the nervous system spread by bacteria. It's very serious and is usually contracted through an open wound.
You've probably had a tetanus shot at some point, and that's a good thing: tetanus is a serious infection that results in spasms and seizing up of parts of your body. Muscles you normally control become uncontrollable and rigid. That's why tetanus is also called lockjaw. People have the greatest chance of getting tetanus if they have an open wound. If you stepped on a nail, you'd better check with your doctor and make sure you've had a tetanus shot.
WORD FAMILY
tetanus
USAGE EXAMPLES
He nearly died of tetanus a few years ago after getting cut by broken crockery in a customer’s latrine.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Since 1900, a host of maladies—diphtheria, measles, whooping cough, polio, tetanus, typhoid and smallpox, among others—have been mostly controlled.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 29, 2016)
Make sure that your tetanus booster is up to date.
Seattle Times(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: n. 破伤风
分布：破伤风(100%)
→来自拉丁语 tetanus,破伤风，来自希腊语 tetanos,破伤风，原义为皮肤痉挛，皮肤强直，来自 ten,拉长，拉直，词源同 tend,extend.词首 te-为 tan-韵律重复。因破伤风的症状使皮肤硬
['tet.ən.əs] (old-fashioned informal lockjaw)
noun uncountable
■a serious disease caused by bacteria entering the human body through small cuts, causing the muscles, especially around the mouth, to become tight and stop working 破伤风
n. [内科] 破伤风；强直
 - lockjaw, trismus

Word: talkative
Front: talkative
[ˈtɔ:kətɪv] (17672/19328)
Vocabulary: talkative
(once / 2514 pages)
adj
A person who is talkative likes to talk — she's friendly and ready to gab at all times about just about anything.
We all have conversations, but some people enjoy talking more than others: those people are talkative. They find it easy to strike up a conversation, unlike others who may be shy. Being talkative is associated with being friendly. Talkative people can also be described as chatty, garrulous, loquacious, talky, and likely to talk your ear off. If you don’t feel like chatting, you'd better avoid talkative people. The root word of talkative is the Middle English tale, or "story."
WORD FAMILY
talkative: talkatively, talkativeness, untalkative+/ talk: talkative, talked, talker, talking, talks, talky/talker: talkers/talking: talkings/talky: talkier, talkiest, talkily
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her talkative enthusiasm meshes with his phlegmatic skepticism.
The New Yorker(Dec 30, 2016)
Describe him in three words Talkative, sincere, determined.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
Then, as always, he was talkative and cheerful: everybody's uncle.
Nature(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 健谈的，多嘴的，喜欢说话的; 喋喋
分布：健谈的(57%)，多嘴的(34%)，喜欢说话的(9%)
→来自 talk,讲话，谈话。引申词义多嘴的，饶舌的。
好说话的(talk讲话)[-arive表形容词."有…倾向(性质)的"]
【记】talk说话，ative过分－健谈的
US ['tɑ:.kə.ɪv] adjective
■talking a lot 爱说话的，健谈的；多嘴的
• She's a lively, talkative person. 她是个活泼健谈的人。
adj. 饶舌的；多话的；多嘴的；爱说话的
 - loquacious, gabby

Word: tay

Word: thieve
Front: thieve
[θi:v] (-/40567)
Vocabulary: thieve
(once / 2813 pages)
v
When someone steals something, they thieve. Your dog thieves when he puts his paws on the kitchen table and quietly grabs your cinnamon toast.
You're more likely to encounter the adjective thieving than the verb thieve, but it's a perfectly good way to say "take illegally." Your brother might think it's perfectly acceptable to thieve a few gummy bears from the candy store where he works, although the store's owner might have a different opinion. At the root of thieve is the Old English þeof, or "thief."
WORD FAMILY
thieve: thieved, thievery, thieving, thievish+/ thievery: thieveries/thieving: thievings/thievish: thievishly, thievishness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Speck of food the thieving Grinch left in the Who household, a speck that was “even too small for a mouse.”
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
“We are noticing a rise in criminality; we are seeing thieving and murders due to this rising influx.”
The Guardian(Nov 01, 2016)
Asked his reaction to needling about his horse thieving and alleged reckless killings, he notes he was about to lose his “cherubic demeanor.”
Seattle Times(Oct 02, 2016)
Back: v. 偷
时态：thieved, thieving, thieves
分布：偷(56%)，行窃(44%)
vt. 偷窃，行窃
 - steal, scrump

Word: turnip
Front: turnip
[ˈtɜ:nɪp] (四六 15232/19263 -1)
Vocabulary: turnip
(once / 1358 pages)
n
A turnip is a slightly bitter-flavored root vegetable. In Japan, it's common to pickle turnips and serve them as a cold snack or in a stir fry with other vegetables.
You can recognize a turnip by its roundish shape and its white color, often accented at the top by pink or purple. Turnips also have green leaves that can be cooked and eaten. Some people also call rutabagas turnips, although these are actually a cross between a turnip and cabbage. Experts think the turn part of turnip stems from the idea that it looks like it's been turned, or rotated and shaped, on a lathe.
WORD FAMILY
turnip: turnips
USAGE EXAMPLES
There are many delicious ways to serve turnips and parsnips as well.
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
We start with deep-fried spareribs marinated in fermented tofu, which play beautifully against spears of house-pickled turnips and carrots.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Fresh sorrel and pickled turnips added welcome astringency to the cheese and potato-filled dumplings, tinted ruby-red with beet juice.
Seattle Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 芜青，萝卜; 芜菁作物; <俚>怀表
分布：萝卜(65%)，芜菁(25%)，大头菜(10%)
→一种类似萝卜的根茎植物，来自中古英语 turnape,蔓菁，芜菁，可能来自 turn,旋转，neep, 萝卜。
US ['tɝ:-] noun countable
■a rounded white root which is eaten cooked as a vegetable, or the plant which produces it 芜菁（植株）
n. 萝卜；芜菁甘蓝，大头菜
 - daikon, neep

Word: transpose
Front: transpose
[trænˈspəʊz] (宝 19217/14972)
Vocabulary: transpose
(once / 3818 pages)
1vn 2v
If you transpose something, you change the order. You could transpose the phrases in that first sentence by writing, "You change the order if you transpose something."
In music, you also transpose when you change the key. When a song is a little high for you, you can transpose it to bring it down into your natural range. In math, to transpose is to move something from one side of an equation to another. In the equation x + 3 = 2y, you can solve for x by transposing the 3 to the other side of the equation, which will change its sign and give you x = 2y - 3.
WORD FAMILY
transpose: transposable, transposed, transposes, transposing, transposition+/transposable: transposability/transposition: transpositions
USAGE EXAMPLES
But if this was transposed to a modern setting there would be no story.
The Guardian(Dec 15, 2016)
That can detect errors that statcheck will not, such as transposing results.
Nature(Nov 24, 2016)
Further complications arise when we transpose this mapping to the nocturnal city, which may resist familiarity and congruence.
The Guardian(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: vt. <数>移项; 使变位; <音>使变调; 变换顺序
vi. 进行变换
n. 转置阵
时态：transposed, transposing, transposes
分布：调换(70%)，颠倒顺序(30%)
互换位置(trans转移+pose→[互相]移放)[pos,posit=put表示"放"]
US [-'spoʊz] verb transitive formal
■to change something from one position to another, or to exchange the positions of two things 使换位置；使互换位置
• In their latest production they have reworked 'King Lear', transposing it to pre-colonial Africa. 在最新的制作中，他们改编了《李尔王》，把故事发生的地点改在沦为殖民地之前的非洲。
• The confusion was caused when two numbers were accidentally transposed by a Social Security clerk. 这场混乱的起因是一个社会保障部门的职员无意中把两个数字调换了位置。
■specialized
■to play or write a piece of music in a different key (= set of musical notes based on a particular note) from the one used originally 使变调；使移调
• The pianist transposed the song into C. 钢琴家把这首歌改成C调。
vt. 调换；移项；颠倒顺序
 - counterchange

Word: unconscionable
Front: unconscionable
[ʌnˈkɒnʃənəbl] (宝 18598/36199)
Vocabulary: unconscionable
(once / 8559 pages)
adj
Something that is almost unimaginably unacceptable is unconscionable. Think of it as being something that no reasonable person would even think of doing or saying — something unbelievable, outrageous, and often horrible.
The word unconscionable is related to the word conscience. Add the un-, and you can see that it refers to something done without applying good moral judgment. The word first appeared in the mid-16th century — presumably everyone up until that time had high scruples and never did or said anything beyond the boundaries of conscience. Sadly, the antonym, conscionable, is rarely used, and, in fact, has been obsolete since the 18th century, though unconscionable remains in frequent use.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
unconscionable / unconscious
These two words look and sound similar. In fact, if you think too hard about them together, you might find your tongue tripping over them.
The older unconscionable, dating back to the 1560s, is the absence of reason or right; having no idea between right and wrong:
She said she finds WWE's simulated rape scenes "unconscionable.''
It is unconscionable that the Obama Administration is gambling with American lives.
Attempting to fence them out of their home is unconscionable.
Relative newcomer unconscious originated in 1712, meaning unaware. In the 1860s, it picked up the meaning to lose consciousness, to not be awake:
Fidgeting and Doodling Could Be Unconscious Focus Tools
Woman attacked and left unconscious under bridge in Edinburgh
Zsa Zsa Gabor is unconscious as she's been fitted with a feeding tube in the hospital.
Both words descend from the Old French conscience (inner knowledge), which in turn comes from the Latin conscientia, which means both inner knowledge and a knowledge of right and wrong.
How can you tell these cousins apart? Unconscionable's opposite would be the obsolete conscionable,and it sometimes seems right behavior is also obsolete in our society—just look at our example sentences! If that's not the word you're after, it must be unconscious.
WORD FAMILY
unconscionable: unconscionably+/ conscience: conscienceless, consciences, conscientious, conscionable/conscienceless: consciencelessly/ conscientious: conscientiously, conscientiousness, unconscientious/conscionable: conscionably, unconscionable /unconscientious: unconscientiously, unconscientiousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ted Cruz’s unconscionable defense of Senate’s despicable blocking of Obama Supreme Court appointment, and threat to continue under a Clinton administration.
Salon(Jan 01, 2017)
“Beyond the monetary damage his victims suffered pursuing the defendant’s fictional job opportunities, they endured emotional trauma and unconscionable loss of privacy through his deception.”
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
What is happening in North Carolina is unconscionable.
Time(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 昧着良心的，不合理的，过分的; 没良心
分布：不合理的(72%)，过度的(20%)，没有条理的(8%)
无节制的(un+conscionabe明智的)[un-①表示"不,无,非,没有"②表示"打开,解开,弄出"]
【记】un不，conscionable（adj 凭良心的；正直的）：不受良心控制的
US [-'kɑ:n-] formal disapproving
adjective
■An unconscionable size, amount, or length of time is too great and is unacceptable （尺寸、数量或时间）过大的，过多的，过长的
• They had both drunk an unconscionable quantity of red wine the previous night. 前一个晚上他俩都喝了太多的红酒。
adj. 不合理的；昧着良心的；肆无忌惮的；过度的
 - unreasonable, irrational

Word: untitled
Front: untitled
[ˌʌnˈtaɪtld] (17258/25322)
Back: adj. 无标题的，无称号的，无权利的
分布：无标题的(48%)，无权利的(26%)，无称号的(26%)
ADJ
无标题的
If something such as a book, film, or song is untitled, it does not have a title.
例：The full-length feature, as yet untitled, will include interviews plus footage of their live gigs.这部尚未定名的正规长度影片将包括对他们的采访和他们现场表演的片段。
ADJ
无头衔的；无爵位的
Someone who is untitled does not have a title such as 'Sir' or 'Lord'.

Word: unworldly
Front: unworldly
[ʌnˈwɜ:ldli] (宝 32764/23588)
Back: adj. 不谙世故的，不善于处世的
分布：天真的(50%)，超凡的(25%)，超脱世俗的(25%)
→un-, 不，非，worldly, 世界的，世俗的。
非尘世的(un+worldly世俗的)[un-①表示"不,无,非,没有"②表示"打开,解开,弄出"]
adj. 非尘世的；精神上的，非物质的；天真的
 - psychological, moral, simple

Word: unroll
Front: unroll
[ʌnˈrəʊl] (24145/34660)
Back: vt. & vi. 展开; 铺开; 展现; 显示
时态：unrolled, unrolling, unrolls
分布：显示(50%)，展现(50%)
US [-'roʊl] verb intransitive or transitive
■to open and become flat from a rolled position, or to cause something to do this （使）铺开；（使）展开
• She unrolled the most beautiful carpet. 她展开了这块精美绝伦的地毯。
vt. 展开，铺开；显示
 - reveal, prove, make clear, spread out
vi. 显露；展现
 - lie, develop, shine

Word: unimaginative
Front: unimaginative
[ˌʌnɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv] (24952/18532)
Back: adj. 缺乏创造力的; 缺乏想象力的; 乏味的; 无趣的
分布：无趣的(100%)
US [-tˌɪv] adjective
■not new, original or clever; not showing any imagination 缺乏想像力的；无创意的
adj. 缺乏想象力的；无趣的
 - dull, bored

Word: unscramble
Front: unscramble
[ˌʌnˈskræmbl] (36273/36299)
Back: vt. 整理，使回复原状，译出密码
时态：unscrambled, unscrambling, unscrambles
分布：解读(71%)，整理(29%)
→un-, 使相反，scramble, 搅乱，煎蛋。其原义是把煎好的蛋卷重新变成鸡蛋，引申义解码。
verb transitive
■to discover the meaning of information given in a secret or complicated way; to decode 将（资讯）还原；对…进行解码
• You need a decoding device to unscramble some of the signals sent out by satellite and cable TV. 你需要一个解码器来复原由卫星和有线电视发出的某些信号。
vt. 整理；使恢复原状；译出密码
 - arrange, sort things out

Word: ventilate
Front: ventilate
[ˈventɪleɪt] (研六托雅宝 23817/19165 -1)
Back: vt. 使通风; 通风; 公开; 公开讨论
时态：ventilated, ventilating, ventilates
分布：通风(91%)，使 ... 空气流通(9%)
→来自拉丁语ventus,通风，词源同wind,风。
通风(vent+ilate表动词)[vent=wind,表示"风"]
vt.使通风;给...装通风设备The new policy was freely ventilated in the press.新政策在报纸上公开讨论.
【记】vent通风，来，ilate－通风
【参】vent（n 通风孔；v 放出；发泄）
US [-tˌəl.eɪt] verb transitive
PROVIDE AIR 提供空气
■to cause fresh air to enter and move around a closed space 使通风；使空气流通
• I work in a very well-/poorly-ventilated building. 我工作的大楼通风非常好／差。
UK ['ven.tɪ.leɪt] US [-tˌəl.eɪt] verb transitive
MAKE KNOWN 使知道 formal
■to state an opinion or mention a subject so that it can be discussed by others 说出；提到；发表
• She used the meeting to ventilate all her grievances. 她利用那次会议说出了自己所有的委屈。
vt. 使通风；给…装通风设备；宣布
 - air, bill

Word: wanna
Front: wanna
[ˈwɒnə] None
Back: v. <美俚>想要，希望
分布：想要（仅能用于口语(50%)，相当于“want to”或者“want a”）(50%)
US ['wɑ:.nə] not standard
short form
■'want to' or 'want a' 想要
• [+ infinitive without to] D'you wanna go now? 你想现在就走吗?
• I wanna hamburger, Mom. 我想吃汉堡，妈妈。
vt. 想要（等于want to）
 - feel like, desire, mean, intend, Wanna Be

Word: washer
Front: washer
[ˈwɒʃə(r)] (11379/15321 -1)
Back: n. 洗涤者; 洗涤器; 洗衣机
分布：垫圈(89%)，洗涤机(6%)，洗衣者(5%)
洗衣机(wash洗)[-er 1.表名词"…人"2.表名词"物品,机器"3.表名词"反复做"]
US ['wɑ:.ʃɚ] noun countable
RING 圈
■a flat ring of metal, rubber or plastic which is put especially between a screw or bolt and a surface in order to improve the connection between them or between joined pipes to seal their connection （螺丝帽下或管道介面处的）垫圈，垫片
UK ['wɒʃ.ər] US ['wɑ:.ʃɚ] noun countable
MACHINE 机器 informal
■a washing machine
n. [机] 垫圈； [矿业] [车辆] 洗涤器； [电] 洗衣人
 - gasket, facing ring

Word: visualise
Front: visualise
['vɪzjʊəlaɪz] (-/11385)
Back: vt. & vi. 使可见; 使具体化; 设想; 想象
vi. 显现
时态：visualised, visualising, visualises
分布：预见(100%)
vt. 使…可见；使…具体化（等于visualize）
 - concretise, hypostatize
vi. 想象；显现
 - to fancy, to imagine

Word: verity
Front: verity
[ˈverəti] (25873/13508)
Vocabulary: verity
(once / 2834 pages)
n
If your friend tells you she saw a UFO yesterday afternoon, you might be inclined to question the verity, or truthfulness, of her statement. Everyone knows UFOs are only visible at night.
Verity can also be used to mean “a true idea, belief, or statement.” Abstract concepts like love and goodness are often referred to as verities, conveying the idea that they are universal truths. Verity is related to the word verify, meaning “to determine whether something is true." If your friend tells you that UFO story again, you should verify its verity!
WORD FAMILY
verity: verities
USAGE EXAMPLES
"It's great to see classic cooking being done again by a whole new generation," said Verity Mann.
BBC(Dec 17, 2016)
His films’ ambiguities and counter-clichés don’t so much challenge verities as muddy conspiratorial waters; it’s a cinema of disinformation masquerading as transgression.
The New Yorker(Nov 15, 2016)
Economics correspondent Andy Verity explains what the Bank of England's practice of quantitative easing means - against the clock.
BBC(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: n. 真实; 事实; 真理; 真实的陈述
分布：真理(100%)
真实;可靠(ver=vacity)[uer=true,表示"真实"]
US [-ə.tˌi] formal
noun
uncountable
■the quality of being true 真实；事实
• In the film, he plays a spy whose mission is to confirm the verity of a secret military document. 在电影中，他扮演一名间谍，肩负的任务是弄清一份秘密军事文件的真实性。
countable
■a belief, idea or principle that is generally accepted as being true （普遍认同的）信念，准则，真理
• She has spent her life in a search for eternal/scientific/universal verities. 她毕生致力于追求永恒的／科学／普遍的真理。
n. 真实；真理；事实；真实性
 - truth, reality, sincerity, true, actuality

Word: watering
Front: watering
['wɔ:tərɪŋ] (12555/14513)
Back: n. 洒水，浇水，（指动物）饮水
v. 给…水喝( water的现在分词 ); 在…浇水[洒水]; 往（酒里）掺水; （尤指江河）流经并供水给（某地区）
分布：浇水(90%)，洒水(6%)，流口水的(1%)，动词water的现在分词形式.(1%)，有饮水的(1%)，落泪的(1%)
N-UNCOUNT
水;雨水
Water is a clear thin liquid that has no colour or taste when it is pure. It falls from clouds as rain and enters rivers and seas. All animals and people need water in order to live.
例：Get me a glass of water.给我杯水。
例：...the sound of water hammering on the metal roof.雨水敲打金属屋顶发出的声响
N-PLURAL
海域;(尤指)领海
You use waters to refer to a large area of sea, especially the area of sea which is near to a country and which is regarded as belonging to it.
例：The ship will remain outside Chinese territorial waters.这艘船将继续呆在中国领海之外。
例：...the open waters of the Arctic Ocean.北冰洋的公共海域
N-PLURAL
困境
You sometimes use waters to refer to a situation which is very complex or difficult.
例：...the man brought in to guide him through troubled waters...被请来帮助他渡过难关的人
例：The British Government may be in stormy economic waters.英国政府可能陷入了动荡的经济困境中。
VERB
给(植物)浇水
If you water plants, you pour water over them in order to help them to grow.
例：He went out to water the plants.他出去给植物浇水。
VERB
流泪
If your eyes water, tears build up in them because they are hurting or because you are upset.
例：His eyes watered from cigarette smoke.他的眼睛被香烟熏得直流泪。
VERB
流口水
If you say that your mouth is watering, you mean that you can smell or see some nice food and you might mean that your mouth is producing a liquid.
例：...cookies to make your mouth water.令人垂涎的饼干
PHR-ERG
（孕妇）羊水破裂;（医生或接生员）给（孕妇）破羊水
When a pregnant woman's waters break, the fluid in her womb that surrounds the baby passes out of her body, showing that the baby is ready to be born. A doctor or midwife can break a woman's waters so that the birth can begin.
例：My waters broke at six in the morning and within four hours Jamie was born.我是凌晨6点破水的，不到4个小时杰米就出生了。
PHRASE
泼出之水;不可改变的既成事实;无法挽回的过去
If you say that an event or incident is water under the bridge, you mean that it has happened and cannot now be changed, so there is no point in worrying about it any more.
例：He was relieved his time in jail was over and regarded it as water under the bridge.他为服刑期满而感到如释重负，而且觉得既已无可更改，过去的就让它过去吧。
PHRASE
陷入困境;处境尴尬
If you are in deep water, you are in a difficult or awkward situation.
例：You certainly seem to be in deep water...你看起来无疑是陷入了困境。
例：I could tell that we were getting off the subject and into deep water.我觉得我们在跑题并已陷入尴尬境地。
PHRASE
(论点或理论)符合逻辑，站得住脚，经得起考验
If an argument or theory does not hold water, it does not seem to be reasonable or be in accordance with the facts.
例：This argument simply cannot hold water in Europe.这个论点在欧洲根本就站不住脚。
PHRASE
陷于困境;遇到麻烦
If you are in hot water, you are in trouble.
例：The company has already been in hot water over high prices this year.这家公司今年由于价格过高已经陷入困境。
PHRASE
给(想法或建议)泼冷水
If you pour cold water on an idea or suggestion, you show that you have a low opinion of it.
例：City economists pour cold water on the idea that the economic recovery has begun.伦敦金融城的经济学家给经济开始复苏的说法泼了冷水。
PHRASE
试探
If you test the water or test the waters, you try to find out what reaction an action or idea will get before you do it or tell it to people.
例：You should be cautious when getting involved and test the water before committing yourself.参与其中时一定要小心谨慎，表态之前最好试探一下。
n. 浇水；灌溉；排水沟
 - irrigation, drainage ditch
adj. 灌溉的；浇水用的
 - irrigative

Word: wrongfully
Front: wrongfully
['rɒŋfəlɪ] (21261/24840)
Back: adv. 不公正地; 不公平地; 不正当地; 不合法地
分布：不妥地(50%)，不正当地(50%)
adv. 不正当地；不妥地
 - unlawfully, unfairly

Word: whey
Front: whey
[weɪ] (26873/25688)
Back: n. 乳清; 苍白的脸，脸色苍白的人
分布：乳清(87%)，乳浆(13%)
→来自古英语hweg,可能来自kwei,堆积，建造，词源同poet。用来指堆积的乳清。
noun uncountable
■the watery part of milk which is separated from the solid curds during the process of making cheese 乳清（制造起司时分离出的含水成分）
n. [食品] 乳清，乳浆
 - serum, plasm

Word: willard

Word: absolutist
Front: absolutist
['æbsəlu:tɪst] (21735/26578)
Vocabulary: absolutist
(once / 21807 pages)
adjn
An absolutist is someone who believes that the best form of government allows one person to hold all the power. North Korea is an example of a country that's been run by an absolutist leader for many years.
In politics, the word absolutist is very closely related to the terms totalitarian and autocratic. In all of these types of governments, with a bit of variation, there is one all-powerful ruler who is in charge. Citizens of a country with an absolutist leadership don't have a say in any decisions the government makes — there is no democratic process, and no checks on the ruler's power. As a political term, absolutist has been around since the 1830's, from the noun absolutism.
WORD FAMILY
absolutist: absolutists+/ absolute: absolutely, absoluteness, absolutes, absolutism / absolutism: absolutisms, absolutist, absolutistic/absolutistic: absolutistically
USAGE EXAMPLES
“We need to be less absolutist on environmental issues, especially wetlands and endangered species,” he said.
The New Yorker(Nov 23, 2016)
Today’s judicial conservatives are more likely to be free-speech absolutists than judicial liberals.
Seattle Times(Nov 09, 2016)
Cusk’s assertion that “autobiography is increasingly the only form in all the arts” is an extreme, even absolutist, position.
New York Times(Oct 17, 2016)
Back: n. 专制主义者，专制政治论者，绝对论者
分布：绝对论者(37%)，专制主义者(27%)，专制政治论者(18%)，绝对论的(9%)，专制主义的(9%)

Word: agha

Word: zig
Front: zig
[ zɪg] (34335/45211)
Back: abbr. Ziegfield 齐格飞（女子名）; Zigfield 一种长角牛
分布：转弯(100%)
n. 急转；锯齿形转角
 - quirk, zag
vi. 转弯
 - make a turn, bend

Word: zaragoza

Word: adaptor
Front: adaptor
[ə'dæptə(r)] (36090/12922)
Back: n. <美>编剧者，改编者
分布：适配器(82%)，改编者(10%)，转换器(6%)，=adapter.(2%)

Word: accost
Front: accost
[əˈkɒst] (托宝 19030/20543)
Vocabulary: accost
(once / 1451 pages)
1v 2v
To accost is to approach someone aggressively or confront them in an inappropriate way.
Accost describes a confrontation — one that's often aggressive in nature. You're likely to be accosted by angry picketers if you wear your finest fur coat to a march against animal cruelty. The paparazzi make their living by accosting celebrities, pushing in close to snap candid photos as the stars leave their limos. The drunk man who accosts his attractive female co-worker at a company cocktail party is looking for more than conversation.
WORD FAMILY
accost: accosted, accosting, accosts
USAGE EXAMPLES
They are generally amiable and accommodating, but when they are high they become agitated and accost me, threatening harm if I call the police.
New York Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Many recounted stories of being followed and accosted on public transport.
BBC(Nov 25, 2016)
The next day, Hussein contacted Nature again: his wife had just been accosted at their local pharmacy.
Nature(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: vt. 走过去跟…讲话; 跟…搭讪; （乞丐等）上前向…乞讨; （妓女等）勾搭
vi. 贴近地面飞; <古>接界; 邻接; 交接
n. <罕>搭讪，攀谈
时态：accosted, accosting, accosts
分布：搭讪(73%)，搭话(27%)
→前缀ac-同ad-. -cost, 岸，同coast.原指军事行动中的渡海登岸，后词义缩小为搭讪。
向人搭话;调情[cost=side(旁边)]
【记】中间有cost（花费），和人（尤其是妓女）搭讪后要花钱。
US [-'kɑ:st] formal
verb transitive often passive
■to go up to or stop and speak to someone in a threatening way （贸然）上前搭讪；（唐突地）走近谈话
• I'm usually accosted by beggars and drunks as I walk to the station. 去车站的路上，经常有乞丐和酒鬼上前跟我搭讪。
vt. 勾引；引诱；对…说话；搭讪
 - induce, seduce

Word: amorous
Front: amorous
[ˈæmərəs] (18893/19261)
Vocabulary: amorous
(once / 1569 pages)
adj
If you are shot with a mythological arrow by Cupid, the Greek god of love, you may find yourself making amorous advances on the next person you meet. Amorous means having strong feelings of love, especially sexual love.
Amorous words or glances show love or sexual desire. This adjective is a Middle English word, borrowed from Middle French, from Medieval Latin amorosus, from Latin amor "love." A more literary and less common synonym is amatory.
WORD FAMILY
amorous: amorously, amorousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Would you rather be trapped in an elevator with an excessively amorous porcupine or have a Trump-Clinton rematch in four years?
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
And in the song’s main conceit — an amorous escape from the workweek grind — there’s something comfortingly routine, almost lulling.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Named for their slender, dangling legs, crane flies live life in an amorous whirlwind.
National Geographic(Sep 12, 2016)
Back: adj. 色情的; 多情的; 爱情的; 热情的
分布：多情的(76%)，恋爱的(17%)，表示爱情的(7%)
→来自词根am, 爱。
【源】1）拉丁语amor爱，ous多－爱太多－好色的2）读：爱摸rose。爱摸玫瑰。玫瑰是爱情的象征，它作为爱的讯号被互相传递。爱摸玫瑰－爱摸爱情－好色的。3）读：爱摸热死－又爱又摸又热又死……好色的
【参】amour（n 奸情，恋情）
US [-ɚ.əs] adjective
■of or expressing sexual desire 表示性爱的；色情的
• The film centres around the amorous adventures/exploits of its handsome hero. 这部电影以英俊的男主角的艳遇为主线。
• Amanda had rejected his amorous advances. 阿曼达拒绝了他的求爱。
adj. 多情的；恋爱的；热情的；色情的
 - intense, romantic, warm, loved, hot

Word: amour
Front: amour
[əˈmʊə(r)] (30347/34588)
Back: n. 奸情，恋情
分布：恋情(72%)，奸情(28%)
→来自词根am, 爱。
n. 恋情；偷情，奸情
 - illicit intercourse

Word: alternation
Front: alternation
[ˌɔ:ltə'neɪʃn] (托 24407/21330)
Back: n. 交替，轮流，间隔; 交替工作; 更迭; 变换
分布：交互(52%)，轮流(24%)，间隔(24%)
交互,交错(alternate+ion)[alter,altern,ali=other,to change表示"其他的,改变状态"]
fluctuate, alteration, change, modify, convert, shift（in）, alternation, alter, variations
fluctuate: 没有规律的上下波动
alteration: 强调细节的变化
change: 强调某种本质的变化
modify: “更改，修改”程度略小并有趋缓之意
convert: 用途上的改变，也作态度和信仰的变化
shift（in）: 转换，转变
alternation: 轮流，交替（take turn）
alter: 细枝末节的修改，而非脱胎换骨
variations: 指不规则的或断续的改变，或指一种东西改成了不同样式
n. 交替，轮流，间隔
 - separation, rotation, distance, interval

Word: allele
Front: allele
[əˈli:l] (21148/18135)
Vocabulary: allele
(once / 537242 pages)
n
An allele is one of a pair of genes that appear at a particular location on a particular chromosome and control the same characteristic, such as blood type or colorblindness. Alleles are also called alleleomorphs.
Your blood type is determined by the alleles you inherited from your parents. If your mother's blood type is A and you know she's homozygous (that is, her alleles are the same, both of them A) and your father's blood type is O (since type O is a recessive trait, he would have to be homozygous, too), then you’ve inherited an A and an O allele — and your blood type is A.
WORD FAMILY
allele: nonallele
USAGE EXAMPLES
But gene-drive technology tilts the odds, so that a specific change to one allele is inherited by a higher proportion of progeny.
Nature(Dec 20, 2016)
For each strain we chose the largest available number of individuals to obtain the best possible resolution of allele frequencies.
Nature(Nov 20, 2016)
When read depth for one allele was over 30, it was considered as ‘expressed’.
Nature(Oct 04, 2016)
Back: n. 等位基因，等位片段
分布：等位基因(100%)
→单词allelomorph的缩写。allelo, 相异的，不同的，同else. 词根morph, 形状，同form.
noun countable specialized
■a gene that is found in one of two or more different forms in the same position in a chromosome (= string-like structure containing genes) , and so produces a particular characteristic which varies between people, such as eye colour 等位基因，对偶基因（位于一对同源染色体的相同位置上控制某一性状的不同形态的基因）

Word: amygdala
Front: amygdala
[ə'mɪɡdələ] (24652/-)
Back: n. 扁桃形结构，如扁桃体
分布：桃子之类(50%)，杏仁之类(50%)
→来自almond的原型。解剖学上因该大脑区域有如两颗杏仁而得名。
n. 杏仁核； [解剖] [园艺] 扁桃腺；苦巴旦杏
 - amygdaloid nucleus, tonsil

Word: annulment
Front: annulment
[ə'nʌlmənt] (23520/27006)
Vocabulary: annulment
(once / 17909 pages)
n
An annulment is the cancellation of revocation of something, like a marriage. After an annulment, it's like the marriage never happened.
The root nul (from Latin nullum) of this word is a good clue to its meaning: the underlying verb annul originally meant "reduce to nothing." An annulment also reduces something to nothing by canceling or terminating it, usually in a legal sense. The most common use of the term is the annulment of a marriage, which not only ends the marriage, but legally makes it as if the marriage never happened. Annulment is like a legal eraser.
WORD FAMILY
annulment: annulments+/ annul: annulated, annuled, annuling, annulled, annulling, annulment, annuls
USAGE EXAMPLES
But it said she was guilty of negligence for not opting to seek an annulment of the decision.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 19, 2016)
In its written verdict, Cas said Blatter "requested the annulment of the ban but did not request a reduced penalty".
BBC(Dec 05, 2016)
The approach has scored Francis some victories, such as bypassing conservative bishops to streamline the procedures by which Catholics can obtain marriage annulments.
Reuters(Oct 26, 2016)
Back: n. 废除，取消，（法院对婚姻等）判决无效
分布：取消(43%)，废除(42%)，宣告婚姻无效(15%)
n. 取消；废除
 - cancellation, withdrawal, revocation, rescission, recision

Word: appellation
Front: appellation
[ˌæpəˈleɪʃn] (宝 23385/23155 -1)
Vocabulary: appellation
(once / 1579 pages)
n
Appellation means the name or title by which someone is known. Mark Twain is the famous appellation by which everyone remembers author and humorist Samuel Clemens.
An appellation is what people call a person or thing — essentially, its name or title. George Herman Ruth's parents may have known him as George, but the rest of the world knew this famous slugger by his appellation, Babe. If you use the word appellation in a discussion of wine, you'd mean the name of the region or vineyard where the wine originated. Champagne is an appellation for the bubbly white wine that comes from the Champagne region of France.
WORD FAMILY
appellation: appellations+/ appellate: appellately, appellation, appellative/appellative: appellatives
USAGE EXAMPLES
It also featured a subtle grittiness, the character known as “Rutherford dust” after the terroir of Napa Valley’s Rutherford appellation.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
“BREAKING NEWS,” that dreaded appellation, lived up to its billing for the first time in this never-ending 2016 election.
Washington Post(Oct 10, 2016)
The appellation Rust Belt rings true to a large degree for these states as old companies disappear and are not replaced with new ones.
New York Times(Sep 20, 2016)
Back: n. <正>名称，称号; 称呼; 名目
分布：名称(60%)，称呼(40%)
【记】读：我怕劳神。我既不知道小布什的老婆叫什么，我也不知道克林顿的老婆叫什么（太多），因为我怕劳神，所以凡是这种人叫她第一夫人（名称，称呼）就行了
[ˌæp.ə'leɪ.ʃən] formal
noun countable
■a name or title 名称，称号
• As a child, he received the appellation 'Mouse'. 他小时候有“老鼠”的称号。
n. 称呼；名称；名目
 - name, a form of address

Word: antediluvian
Front: antediluvian
[ˌæntidɪˈlu:viən] (宝 36562/39437)
Vocabulary: antediluvian
(once / 8431 pages)
adjn
Antediluvian means "before the flood" — that is, the Biblical flood with Noah's ark. Generally, though, the word is used — often humorously — to describe something really, really old.
In popular language, antediluvian is almost always used to exaggerate how comically, ridiculously old and out-of-date something is. You may laugh at your parents' antediluvian ideas of what's proper for going out on a date. And how about those antediluvian computers they still insist are fine! When the word was coined in the seventeenth century, however, it was meant literally. Back then, the science of reconstructing the Earth's history used the Bible as a frame of reference.
WORD FAMILY
antediluvian: antediluvians+/diluvian: antediluvian, postdiluvian/postdiluvian: postdiluvians
USAGE EXAMPLES
Western audiences, he said, “find them as antediluvian as the battle for workers’ rights in England in the time of Marx.”
New York Times(Oct 09, 2016)
Davis acknowledged that previously "we were still rather antediluvian in our technical abilities here."
US News(Sep 27, 2016)
Davis acknowledged that previously “we were still rather antediluvian in our technical abilities here.”
Seattle Times(Sep 27, 2016)
Back: adj. (<圣经>上说的)大洪水以前的; <口>非常古老的
n. 大洪水以前的人或事物; 年迈的人; 老朽; 远远落后于时代的人
分布：古老的(29%)，大洪水前的(22%)，老古董(14%)，大洪水以前的人(14%)，古风的(7%)，上古的(7%)，很老的人(7%)
→前缀ante-, 在前。diluvian, 大洪水。指诺亚方舟之前。
远古的(ante前+diluvian大洪水的→大洪水前的→远古的)[lav,luv,lut=wash,表示"洗,冲洗"]
【记】原指：《圣经》中所记载的大洪水前的－古老的
US [-tˌi-] mainly humorous
adjective
■extremely old-fashioned 早已过时的，十分老式的
• My mother has some hopelessly antediluvian ideas about the role of women. 我母亲对女性的角色持有一些老掉牙的观念。
adj. 大洪水前的；远古的；陈旧的；旧式的
 - old, primitive

Word: bagel
Front: bagel
[ˈbeɪgl] (11895/37938)
Vocabulary: bagel
(once / 18614 pages)
n
A bagel is a kind of baked good made by boiling and then baking a circle of dough until the inside is chewy and the outside is slightly crisp. New York is famous for having many great bagel shops.
A bagel is a traditional Jewish roll that's shaped like a doughnut and often served sliced in half, toasted, and spread with butter or cream cheese. New Yorkers claim that their city has the best bagels in the world, although Montreal is also known for its delicious bagels. The word is from the Yiddish beygl, with an Old High German root, boug, or "ring," which describes a bagel's shape.
WORD FAMILY
bagel: bagels
USAGE EXAMPLES
People keep bringing delicious doughnuts and bagels to work and leave them lying around for everyone to eat.
New York Times(May 02, 2016)
I learned my lesson from the last incident: Don’t deliberate over bagel flavors at the airport deli when your plane is boarding.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
The next morning, it attracted a line for bagels outside.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: n. 硬面包圈
分布：百吉饼(84%)，硬面包圈(16%)
→bag-,词源同bow,弯，-el,小词后缀。形容该面包外观。
noun countable
■a small, hard roll of bread in the shape of a ring 面包圈；贝果
• an onion bagel 洋葱贝果

Word: auditory
Front: auditory
[ˈɔ:dətri] (托 10885/16725)
Vocabulary: auditory
(once / 5356 pages)
adj
If you describe something as auditory, it is related to the process of hearing. If someone says "Surrender Dorothy" and you hear "Where's the laundry," you have an auditory problem.
The word auditory is based on the Latin word audire, meaning to hear. If you have an auditory processing disorder, you may have trouble discerning conversation in a noisy room, or hear a ringing sound at all times. Some teachers think there's something wrong with their students' auditory capacity, but actually they're just being ignored.
WORD FAMILY
auditory
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some speculate that it represents temporal-lobe epilepsy, others schizophrenia; auditory hallucinations are common in both conditions.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
Every time it circulates through the auditory canals of most Alabamians, an extra letter resonates profanely.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Auditory and speech processing areas then "lit up" and changed their pattern of activity over time, apparently tuning in to the words among the distortion.
BBC(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 听觉的，听觉器官的
n. 听众; 礼堂
分布：听觉的(68%)，听众(20%)，听众席(12%)
US ['ɑ:-] specialized
adjective
■of or about hearing 听的；听觉的
• It's an artificial device which stimulates the auditory areas of the brain. 这是个用来刺激大脑听觉区域的人工装置。
n. 听众；礼堂
 - listener, assembly room
adj. [生理] 听觉的；耳朵的
 - acoustic, aural

Word: bankable
Front: bankable
[ˈbæŋkəbl] (33360/40849)
Back: adj. （演员等）卖座的，富有号召力的
分布：可获利的(80%)，可做银行担保的(20%)
adjective
■likely to make money 可获利的
• She is currently Hollywood's most bankable actress (= Her films make large profits). 她现在是好莱坞最叫座的女演员。

Word: beachhead
Front: beachhead
[ˈbi:tʃhed] (22557/-)
Back: n. 滩头阵地，滩头堡
分布：滩头阵地(86%)，立足点(14%)
noun countable
■an area of land near the sea or a river that an attacking army has taken control of and from where it can move forward into enemy country （军队的）滩头阵地，滩头堡；立足地，据点
• The troops quickly established a beachhead and were preparing to advance. 部队很快建立了滩头阵地，准备继续向前推进。
Compare bridgehead

Word: bionic
Front: bionic
[baɪˈɒnɪk] (27672/40442)
Back: adj. 仿生学的，利用仿生学的
分布：仿生学的(82%)，仿生替代增强的(18%)
→合成词。词根bio, 生物。electronic, 电子。
US [-'ɑ:.nɪk] adjective
■using artificial materials and methods to produce especially a human activity or movement 仿生学的
• a bionic arm/leg 仿生手臂／腿
■humorous
■used to refer to a person who has greater powers of strength, speed etc. than seem to be possible for a human 神通广大的，能力超群的
• a bionic man/woman 神通广大的男子／女子

Word: bluegrass
Front: bluegrass
[ˈblu:grɑ:s] (15325/-)
Vocabulary: bluegrass
(once / 30860 pages)
1n 2n
Blurgrass is a type of country music that's quick and lively. Bluegrass is played with banjos and guitars.
About a hundred years ago, William Smith Monroe was born near Rosine, Kentucky. His style of music, which we call bluegrass today, probably got its name from the name of his band, the Blue Grass Boys, which was in turn named after his home state of Kentucky, the Bluegrass State. Bluegrass is similar to other country music with the exception of tempo: it's much faster. This makes bluegrass popular as dance music: bluegrass makes you want to move your feet.
WORD FAMILY
bluegrass
USAGE EXAMPLES
Another New Year’s tradition finds local bluegrass institution The Seldom Scene picking and singing in Alexandria.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
It was here that he launched his bluegrass side project, Old and in the Way.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Back in Boston he met Slezak, who grew up in Virginia playing old-time and bluegrass.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: n. 莓系属的牧草
分布：名词(100%)
US [-græs] noun uncountable
■a type of country music from the southern US played on stringed instruments such as guitars, banjos and violins 蓝草音乐（美国南部的一种乡村音乐，用吉他、班卓琴、小提琴等弦乐器演奏）

Word: brahmaputra

Word: brice

Word: bonkers
Front: bonkers
[ˈbɒŋkəz] None
Back: adj. 疯狂的，精神不正常的
分布：疯狂的(100%)
US ['bɑ:ŋ.kɚz] informal humorous
adjective [after verb]
■silly or stupid 愚蠢的，笨的，傻的
• She must be bonkers to do that. 她那么做真是蠢透了。
adj. 疯狂的；精神不正常的
 - crazy, possessed, mad, insane

Word: bridgehead
Front: bridgehead
[ˈbrɪdʒhed] (34399/33968)
Back: n. 桥塔，桥头堡
分布：桥头堡(90%)，立足点(10%)
noun countable
■a good position that an army has taken in enemy land, from which it can attack the enemy more effectively 桥头阵地，桥头堡（在敌占区内夺取的据点）
• The advance troops established a bridgehead early in the fighting. 先遣部队在战斗刚开始时就建立了桥头堡。
Compare beachhead
n. 桥头堡；桥塔
 - pylon

Word: boxy
Front: boxy
[ˈbɒksi] (19736/37772)
Back: adj. 箱子般四四方方的，矮胖的
级别：boxier, boxiest
分布：四四方方的(72%)，正方形的(14%)，盒状的(14%)
US ['bɑ:k-] disapproving
adjective
■shaped like a box 盒状的；四四方方的
• The trouble with many small houses is that they tend to be boxy. 许多小房子的问题是它们往往是四四方方的。
adj. 四四方方的；矮胖的
 - podgy, squatty

Word: canonical
Front: canonical
[kəˈnɒnɪkl] (宝 14227/17155)
Vocabulary: canonical
(once / 3897 pages)
1adj 2adj
If something's canonical, it follows a principle or rule, usually in a religious or church-related situation. It is also used in mathematics, music and can refer to something reduced to its most basic form.
The word canonical is from the root canon, with both evolving from the Latin cononicus, or "according to rule," a meaning applied to religion during the Middle Ages. However, the definition of "rules" also applies in other areas as well. In mathematics, the word is used to describe an equation reduced to its most basic form. In canonical music, a melody line is repeated at intervals throughout a piece. Perhaps the most familiar of these is Pachebel's "Canon in D."
WORD FAMILY
canonical: canonically+/ canon: canonic, canonical, canonise, canonist, canonize, canons/canonisation: canonisations/canonise: canonisation, canonised, canonises, canonising/canonist: canonists/canonization: canonizations/ canonize: canonization, canonized, canonizes, canonizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Speaking of Sherlock, here are essays, mainly by younger devotees of the great detective, on all 60 of his canonical cases.
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
Washington approaches the material with canonical reverence, but that isn’t the same as shaking it up and bringing it to life on-screen.
Time(Dec 19, 2016)
A “crime” is a transgression of law that carries with it a particular canonical, or legal, sanction.
Salon(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 权威的; 见于<圣经>正经篇目的; 大教堂教士的; 按照教规的
n. （教规所定）教士（或牧师）礼拜时穿的法衣
分布：权威的(41%)，牧师的(34%)，依教规的(17%)，圣典的(8%)
【反】heterodox（adj 异端的）；nontraditional（adj 非传统的）
ADJ
典范的;典型的;标准的
If something has canonical status, it is accepted as having all the qualities that a thing of its kind should have.
例：...Ballard's status as a canonical writer.巴拉德作为一名经典作家的地位
adj. 依教规的；权威的；牧师的
 - ministerial, ecclesiastical

Word: cabernet
Front: cabernet
[ˈkæbərnei] (-/29790)
Back: n. 红葡萄酒
分布：名词(100%)

Word: cheyenne

Word: caribou
Front: caribou
[ˈkærɪbu:] (13012/29608)
Vocabulary: caribou
(once / 2968 pages)
n
A caribou is a large animal with four legs, hooves, and big antlers. In Europe and Asia, a caribou is known as a reindeer.
In North America, caribou live in parts of Canada and Alaska, in both tundra and boreal forests. Many caribou migrate long distances, and all of them are herbivores, living to a great degree on a specific type of lichen. The word caribou is originally French Canadian, from the Micmac word kaleboo, "the one who paws," for the way caribou scratch the snow aside to find moss in the winter.
WORD FAMILY
caribou: caribous
USAGE EXAMPLES
From the top of Partridgeberry Hill, I spied a small herd of caribou, unaware of me watching.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
The new potato is called the Caribou Russet.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Caribou won the championship by besting the other finalist, Point Sebago, in a taste off.
Washington Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. （北美洲产的）驯鹿
分布：北美驯鹿(100%)
US ['ker-] (plural caribous or caribou)
noun countable
■a North American reindeer (= a large deer with long horns like branches) （北美）驯鹿

Word: brooch
Front: brooch
[brəʊtʃ] (宝 16633/12918)
Vocabulary: brooch
(once / 2498 pages)
nv
That fancy pin your Grandma used to wear on her blouse or lapel? It's a brooch, held in place by a sharp needle clasp.
Okay, it's a bit unfair to say Grandmothers alone wear brooches, but they do tend to be worn more by powerful older women — witness Margaret Thatcher and Madeleine Albright (both noted brooch wearers). Not surprisingly, brooch is derived from the old French word brooch, meaning "a long needle."
WORD FAMILY
brooch: brooched, brooches
USAGE EXAMPLES
She originally created the brooch for a 1998 traveling exhibit honoring then U.S.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
The Met has sold off other assets in recent years: In 2014 it sold a diamond brooch in its collection for $2.3 million.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
To cast their ballots, they had worn their grandmothers’ brooches, white in honor of the suffragists or pantsuits bought for the occasion.
New York Times(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. 胸针，饰针
分布：胸针(90%)，领针(10%)
→来自拉丁词brocca, 针，刺，词源同broach.
【记】读：布肉吃。胸针不是扎在布上就是扎在肉上。
US [broʊtʃ] noun countable
■a small piece of jewellery with a pin at the back that is fastened to a woman's clothes 胸针
• She wore a small silver brooch. 她戴着银制小胸针。
n. （女用的）胸针，领针
 - breastpin

Word: circumference
Front: circumference
[səˈkʌmfərəns] (研四六托雅宝 15774/15114)
Vocabulary: circumference
(once / 1280 pages)
n
The distance around a circle is called the circumference, and although circumference is often used when talking about round things, it can mean a boundary of any shape that completely surrounds something.
It’s no coincidence that the first part of circumference looks like circle. The Latin word circum means “around,” and the root ferre is the Latin verb for “carry,” so imagine carrying a puppy around a circle pit of lava: the path you walk is the circumference. If you want to buy a new hat, you’ll need to measure the circumference of your head, and patrolling the circumference of your castle is a good way to protect against dragons.
WORD FAMILY
circumference: circumferences, circumferential+/circumferent: circumference, circumferenter/circumferential: circumferentially
USAGE EXAMPLES
The first electrons are expected to complete their initial laps around its 133 metre circumference ring this month.
Economist(Dec 20, 2016)
It is 338 feet in diameter, slightly larger than the circumference of the outer ring at Stonehenge.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Everything from club length to grip circumference is up for consideration.
Golf Digest(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 周围，圆周; 胸围
分布：圆周(56%)，周长(31%)，周围(13%)
→circum-,圈，周围，-fer,带，携，词源同bring,conference.
周长(circum+fer带来→ence→带来一圈→周长)[circum-表示"环绕,周围"]
四周,周围(circum环境+fer+ence_→带来环绕→周围)[fer=bring,carry,表示"带来,拿来"]
n.圆周,周围The recruit made the current circulate in the circuit on the circumference.新兵使电流在周长上在电路内循环.
【记】circum圈，fer带来－带来一圈－圆周
US [sɚ'kʌmp.fɚ-] noun countable or uncountable
■the distance around a circle, or the distance around the widest part of a circular or round object; the line surrounding a circular space 圆周；周长；周线
• the circumference of a circle/an orange 圆／橙的周长
the circumference
■the outside edge of an area of any size or shape 周边；外圈
n. [数] 圆周；周长；胸围
 - periphery, chest/bust

Word: classically
Front: classically
['klæsɪklɪ] (16836/18530)
Back: adv. 古典主义地，拟古地
分布：古典主义地(44%)，拟古地(42%)，典型地(14%)
ADV
(在艺术、音乐、芭蕾舞等方面的训练)正规地，传统地
Someone who has been classically trained in something such as art, music, or ballet has learned the traditional skills and methods of that subject.
例：Peter is a classically trained pianist.彼得是受过正规训练的钢琴家。
ADV
基于古希腊和古罗马文化地;与古典文化有关地
Classically is used to indicate that something is based on or reminds people of the culture of ancient Greece and Rome.
例：...the classically inspired church of S. Francesco.受古典文化启发建立的圣弗朗西斯科教堂
ADV
(设计)传统地，古朴地，典雅地
Something that is classically designed is traditional, and beautiful in a simple way.
例：...five classically shaped vases...5只形状古朴的花瓶
例：Older women look best in classically elegant styles.年纪大一点的女性穿古朴典雅的服装最好看。
ADV
典型地;最常见地
You use classically to indicate that you are saying what usually happens in the case of a particular type of thing.
例：Classically, overweight people underestimate the volume of food that they consume.一般来说，超重的人往往低估自己摄入食物的量。

Word: collegial
Front: collegial
[kə'li:dʒɪəl] (19231/45397)
Vocabulary: collegial
(once / 56824 pages)
1adj 2adj
Collegial is an adjective describing a work environment where responsibility and authority is shared equally by colleagues. You know you work in a collegial environment when your co-workers smile at you, and you don’t have to hide from your supervisor.
Sharing its origins with college and colleague, collegial has senses relating to both words. A collegial office describes the shared responsibility or congenial relationship of colleagues, meaning people who happily or pleasantly work together. The word collegial can also be a synonym for collegiate, describing something that is like or typical of colleges or colleges students. But no frat parties at the office, okay? That may be collegiate, but it doesn’t always lead to collegial behavior.
WORD FAMILY
collegial: collegially+/ college: colleges, collegial
USAGE EXAMPLES
McCaleb says all the alumni groups share their space well, and there’s a collegial atmosphere on most football weekends.
Seattle Times(Dec 24, 2016)
“A more collegial style of leadership is too often characterised as a weakness,” he writes.
The Guardian(Dec 06, 2016)
I am encouraged by the legacies of these organizations and their spirit of collegial support.
Seattle Times(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 大学（学生），大学的组织的
分布：学院的(44%)，学会的(28%)，共同掌权的(28%)
adj. 学院的；社团的；大学生的
 - corporate, academic, undergraduate

Word: clarion
Front: clarion
['klærɪən] (宝 19890/24495)
Vocabulary: clarion
(once / 3744 pages)
1adj 2nv
If you hear the clarion call of the stage, it means you want to be an actor. Clarion means loud and clear, and a clarion call is a call to something that is hard to ignore.
A clarion is a medieval horn with a clear sound. Hard to ignore, but also pure and clear in tone. There's nothing shrill about a "clarion call." Martin Luther King Jr.'s clarion call for all races in the US to live together in peace and harmony has lived on after his death.
WORD FAMILY
clarion: clarioned, clarioning, clarions
USAGE EXAMPLES
I think a lot of people saw it as a clarion call articulating exactly the fear and anger that they felt in response to it.
BBC(Dec 16, 2016)
The phrase is the propagandist’s clarion call that captures our divided country and explains our broken system.
Slate(Dec 09, 2016)
She was found early Tuesday afternoon and taken to a hospital in Clarion.
Washington Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 号角
时态：clarioned, clarioning, clarions
分布：嘹亮的(45%)，号角声(33%)，尖音小号(22%)
【记】clar＝clear清晰，ion＝lion狮子：狮子发出的清晰声音－大声且清晰的
【反】soft and indistinct（低声难辨的）
n. 号角
 - horn

Word: claptrap
Front: claptrap
[ˈklæptræp] (35967/36755)
Vocabulary: claptrap
(once / 29184 pages)
n
Use the word claptrap when you're talking about overblown nonsense. You might read your English professor's new book and secretly feel that it's nothing but claptrap.
Writing that's grandiose or boastful is one kind of claptrap, and a ridiculous or absurd speech is another. Most claptrap involves ornate ways of talking or writing, involving rhetorical flourishes and a lack of deep meaning. The word comes from the idea of "a trick to 'catch' applause," and its meaning evolved to mean "showy, cheap talk" and also, to some degree, "nonsense."
WORD FAMILY
claptrap: claptraps
USAGE EXAMPLES
Governor Henry Wise of Virginia wrote back in 1856 that the “theatrical national claptrap of Thanksgiving” was merely a mask to aid “other causes”.
The Guardian(Nov 24, 2016)
That’s one reason why Virginia Governor Henry Wise said he would not support this “theatrical national claptrap that is Thanksgiving.”
Time(Nov 23, 2016)
He cannot take back all of the racist claptrap he's belched out over the years.
New York Times(Sep 15, 2016)
Back: n. 讨好的言语或行为
adj. 应景的，讨好的
分布：讨好的言语或行为(38%)，讨好的(23%)，噱头(17%)，应付场面的话(11%)，废话(11%)
→由clap 和trap 构成的合成词。原为舞台术语，指哗众取宠，吸引人鼓掌。
['klæp.træp] informal disapproving
noun uncountable
■silly talk that means nothing and should not be believed 胡言乱语；无聊的蠢话
• Don't believe a word of what he says. It's just a load of claptrap. 他的话一句也别信。那不过是一派胡言。
n. 讨好的言语或行为；哗众取宠的话
 - flubdub
adj. 讨好的
 - ingratiatory, propitiatory

Word: cometary
Front: cometary
['kɒmɪtərɪ] (托 26003/-)
Back: adj. 彗星的，彗星似的
分布：彗星似的(100%)

Word: curvy
Front: curvy
[ˈkɜ:vi] (23440/42467)
Back: adj. 弯曲的，曲线美的
级别：curvier, curviest
分布：弯曲的(62%)，曲线美的(38%)
US ['kɝ:-] adjective
■containing a lot of curves 弯弯曲曲的；曲折的
• a curvy line 波纹线
adj. 弯曲的；曲线美的（等于curvaceous）
 - winding, flexural, crooked

Word: curtailment
Front: curtailment
[kɜ:'teɪlmənt] (27953/22731)
Back: n. 缩减，缩短
分布：缩减(55%)，缩短(45%)
n. 缩减；削减；缩短；紧缩
 - cut, contraction

Word: contextual
Front: contextual
[kənˈtekstʃuəl] (11295/10846)
Vocabulary: contextual
(once / 96880 pages)
adj
Something contextual relies on its context or setting to make sense. If you touch someone and shout "You're it!" in a game of tag, people get it, but if you're in the grocery store tapping strangers on the shoulder and yelling at them, it's less contextual.
You can use the adjective contextual to describe what something means as it relates to a place, or meaning in a written text. If someone asks you what contextual reason you have for choosing an answer after reading a chapter, for example, you'll have an opinion in the context of what you read — it is contextual because it came out of the text. Activities are contextual too: riding a skateboard in a dance studio is not contextual, but doing ballet there would be.
WORD FAMILY
contextual: contextualism, contextually+/ context: contexts, contextual
USAGE EXAMPLES
A proper understanding of each side’s response demands more focus on a contextual translation, rather than a literal one, from the media.
Time(Dec 08, 2016)
This doesn’t mean simply helping countries copy the approaches of high-achieving peers, while neglecting contextual or cultural factors that contribute to their success.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 07, 2016)
Start by right-clicking on the desktop and choosing Personalize from the contextual menu.
New York Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 文脉上的，前后关系的
分布：上下文的(89%)，与语境有关的(11%)
adjective formal or specialized
■related to the context of something 上下文的；与语境相关的
• It's impossible to understand the nuances of an isolated word without some contextual clues. 没有上下文提示不可能弄清单个单词意义上的细微差别。

Word: corvette
Front: corvette
[kɔ:ˈvet] (33174/42247)
Back: n. 轻巡洋舰; 小型护卫舰; 木帆海防舰（旧时帆船战舰）
分布：轻型护卫舰(100%)
→可能来自拉丁词corbis, 篮子，来自sker, 转，编织，词源同crown, cradle. -ette, 小词后缀。词义由篮子引申为船，最后指战舰，小型护卫舰。

Word: depopulation
Front: depopulation
[ˌdi:ˌpɒpjʊ'leɪʃn] (29771/25188)
Back: n. 灭绝，减少居民
分布：人口减少(80%)，减少居民(20%)
n. 人口减少；灭绝
 - population decrease, annihilation

Word: cyborg
Front: cyborg
[ˈsaɪbɔ:g] (26600/-)
Back: n. 电子人，半机械人
分布：半机械人(78%)，靠机械装置维持生命的人(22%)
→来自cybernetic和organism的合成词。

Word: cypress
Front: cypress
[ˈsaɪprəs] (宝 11248/24092 -1)
Back: n. 柏属植物（原产北美、欧、亚），柏树; 柏树枝（用作哀悼的标志）; 似柏树树种; 柏木：这些树的木头
分布：丝柏(67%)，丝柏木(33%)
→词源不详。来自Cyprus, 或相反。
【记】sy＝see，press（v 压），看上去有被压的感觉。想象一下迎客松的样子。
noun countable
■a type of conifer (= tree that never loses its leaves) 柏树；柏属植物

Word: decontaminate
Front: decontaminate
[ˌdi:kənˈtæmɪneɪt] (29054/49817)
Back: vt. 净化，排除污染
时态：decontaminated, decontaminating, decontaminates
分布：净化(84%)，排除污染(16%)
→de-, 不，非，使相反。contaminate, 污染。
【记】de去掉，contamin污染－去掉污染复习：contaminate（con共同，tamin读：他们，ate吃：他们共同用一份餐具吃饭－污染自己；吃完了还乱扔－污染环境。）
verb transitive
■to remove dangerous substances from something 去除…的污染，清除（有害物质）；净化
• Estimates of the amount of money needed to decontaminate the heavily polluted chemical installations vary. 对受重污染的化工设施进行净化预计需要多少资金说法不一。
vt. 净化，给…去污
 - cleanse, purify

Word: cuss
Front: cuss
[kʌs] (19491/-)
Back: n. 诅咒，坏话，家伙
v. 乱骂，咒骂
时态：cussed, cussing, cusses
分布：诅咒(40%)，坏话(18%)，乱骂(18%)，家伙(18%)，咒(6%)
→来自curse的拼写变体。
verb intransitive mainly US old-fashioned informal
■to say words which are not polite because you are angry; to curse 诅咒，咒骂，骂人
[kʌs] noun countable US old-fashioned informal
■a person of the bad type mentioned …样的家伙
• Tom's an awkward/stupid/irritable (old) cuss! 汤姆是个难伺候／愚蠢／急躁的（老）家伙！
n. 诅咒；家伙；坏话
 - apple, customer, fellow, egg, guy
vi. 乱骂；咒骂
 - swear at
vt. 咒骂
 - drat, beshrew

Word: desegregate
Front: desegregate
[ˌdi:ˈsegrɪgeɪt] (23711/-)
Back: v. 废止种族隔离
时态：desegregated, desegregating, desegregates
分布：取消种族隔离(60%)，废除 ... 的种族隔离(40%)
→de-, 不，非，使相反。segregate, 种族隔离。
verb transitive
■to end segregation (= separation) between races or sexes in an organization 废除…的种族隔离；使消除性别隔离
• President Truman desegregated the American armed forces in 1948. 1948年杜鲁门总统废除了美国军队中实行的种族隔离。
• Plans to desegregate the schools/universities met with opposition. 在中学／大学中消除种族隔离的计划遭到了阻力。

Word: dishevel
Front: dishevel
[dɪ'ʃevəl] (宝)
Back: vt. 使蓬乱，使头发凌乱，使衣服弄皱
时态：dishevelled, dishevelling, dishevels
分布：使蓬乱(60%)，弄乱(40%)
vt. 使蓬乱；使头发凌乱；弄乱
 - mess, touse

Word: dosage
Front: dosage
[ˈdəʊsɪdʒ] (12335/20630 -1)
Back: n. （药物等的）剂量; （通常指药的）服法; 下药，配药
分布：服法(100%)
→来自dose, 剂量。
US ['doʊ-] formal
noun countable usually singular
■the amount of medicine that you should take at one time （一次的）剂量
• "What's the dosage?" "One spoonful three times a day." “服用多大剂量?”“每次一匙，一日三次。”
• You mustn't exceed the recommended dosage. 一定不要超过医生建议的剂量。
n. [药] 剂量，用量
 - dose, dosis

Word: eavesdropper
Front: eavesdropper
[ˈi:vzˌdrɔpə] (29857/36431)
Back: n. 偷听者
分布：偷听者(100%)

Word: diva
Front: diva
[ˈdi:və] (宝 13059/36016 -1)
Vocabulary: diva
(once / 5375 pages)
n
Technically, a diva is a big-time female opera star. Beverly Sills and Maria Callas were two of the world's most renowned divas. More commonly, though, we call anyone who thinks they're more fabulous than everyone else a diva.
The word diva was a compliment, one reserved for only the greatest singers in the world. Lately, though, diva has come to describe someone that's acting entitled or holier than thou. A person who acts like the world revolves around her is a diva. If you walk into a packed restaurant and demand the best table snapping, "Don't you know who I am?", well, that's diva behavior.
WORD FAMILY
diva: divas
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Well, happy New Year!” the pop diva told the crowd, not sounding particularly happy.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 01, 2017)
She was the diva of one of the grandest space operas of all time, and she owned it.
Time(Dec 27, 2016)
“No divas,” he says with a wry smile.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. 歌剧中的女主角; 主要女歌手; 著名女歌唱家
分布：歌剧女主角(56%)，著名女歌手(44%)
→来自dyeu, 照耀，词源同diva, divine,Zeus. 原义为女神，后来指女歌唱家。
【源】原指意大利著名歌手迪娃Diva
【记】读：帝王－在歌剧中的首席女主角都是演帝王的老婆diva总是diva，diva的唱歌
noun countable
■a very successful and famous female singer 著名女歌唱家
• an Italian opera diva 义大利歌剧女歌唱家
• a pop diva 流行乐女歌星

Word: edmond

Word: elliptical
Front: elliptical
[ɪˈlɪptɪkl] (六托宝 13889/20146)
Vocabulary: elliptical
(once / 5062 pages)
adj
The word elliptical is derived from the oval shape known as an ellipse. Many comets have an elliptical orbit around the Sun that brings them closer at some times and farther away at others.
The adjective elliptical refers to the shape of an ellipse, which is an elongated circle, stretched into an oval. While it is a mathematical shape, it also is used to describe a way of speaking that cuts out extra, unnecessary language. When this style is used (say in a poem an elliptical style) — because it doesn't shed any light on the meaning — it sometimes makes the work obscure and hard to interpret.
WORD FAMILY
ellipse: ellipsoid, elliptic, elliptical +/ellipsoid: ellipsoidal, ellipsoids/elliptic: elliptically, ellipticity
USAGE EXAMPLES
How often does vaporware materialize, after years of elliptical studio messaging, this lively and focused and fully realized?
Time(Dec 19, 2016)
The supermoon phenomenon occurs when the moon, which follows an elliptical orbit around the Earth, reaches a point closer than usual.
Seattle Times(Dec 13, 2016)
“I was at the gym. I’m on the elliptical and the guys next to me are talking about, ‘Hey, did you hear about Trump University?’”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 椭圆的; 像椭圆形的; 省略的
分布：椭圆的(48%)，省略的(37%)，简要的(15%)
→来自ellipse, ellipsis.
adjective
SHAPE 形体 (also elliptic)
■having an oval shape 椭圆（形）的
[ɪ'lɪp.tɪ.kəl] adjective
LANGUAGE 语言 formal
■Elliptical language has parts missing, so that it is sometimes difficult to understand （语言等）省略的，晦涩的，隐晦的
• His message was written in a deliberately elliptical style. 他的留言故意写得很隐晦。
adj. 椭圆的；省略的
 - oval, omissive

Word: emancipate
Front: emancipate
[ɪˈmænsɪpeɪt] (托宝 23235/24131 -1)
Vocabulary: emancipate
(once / 476 pages)
v
If you emancipate someone, you set them free from something. At the end of the Civil War, slaves were emancipated and became free men and women.
If you break down emancipate, you have e- "out," -man- from the Latin manus "hand," and -cip- from the Latin verb "to take." Put it together, and you have "to be taken out of someone's hands" — a good definition of freedom. The American Revolution was about colonists emancipating themselves from British rule. As a legal term, if a child is emancipated, he or she is declared independent from parental control.
WORD FAMILY
emancipate: emancipated, emancipates, emancipating, emancipation, emancipative, emancipator+/ emancipation: emancipationist, emancipations/emancipationist: emancipationists/emancipator: emancipators
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Digital technology virtually emancipated us,” said Mr. Diaz, who is known for his experimental slow-cinema style.
New York Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Lawyers wrote a “To Whom It May Concern Letter” that said the minor is emancipated without a court order.
Washington Times(Nov 16, 2016)
On Feb. 19, 1866, President Andrew Johnson vetoed an extension of the Freedmen’s Bureau, a pioneering federal agency that assisted emancipated African Americans.
Time(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: vt. 解放; 解脱（疑虑，迷信，偏见等）; [法]使（孩子）脱离父母的管束（获得行动自主权）
时态：emancipated, emancipating, emancipates
分布：解放(93%)，释放(7%)
→e-, 向外。-man,手，见manual. -cip, 拿，握，控制，见captive, capture. 即松手的。
解放(e出＋man手＋cip+ate提前抓住→预料)[cap,capt,cept,ceive,cip,cup=take,hold,seize,表示"拿,抓,握住"]
【记】e出，man人手，cip落下－手从锁链中出来，锁链落下－解放e出，man犯人－解放我强烈anticipate妇女的emancipate
【参】manuscript（n 手稿；原稿）；manumit（vt 解放；释放）
【反】shackle（vt 加桎梏；束缚）；emancipation（n 释放；解脱）－bondage（n 奴役；束缚）
verb transitive
■to give people social or political freedom and rights 解放；给予人们政治或社会的自由权利
vt. 解放；释放
 - deliver, manumit

Word: ermine
Front: ermine
[ˈɜ:mɪn] (31127/35633)
Vocabulary: ermine
(once / 2827 pages)
n
An ermine is a wild animal, a small mammal with a very soft winter coat. Ermines look a bit like large weasels, unless you are wearing them as outerwear.
You're likely to come across the noun ermine in connection with the way humans use them — in some areas of the world, they are commonly raised or hunted for their fur, which is prized for its softness and can be made into coats or hats. Another word for an ermine is a stoat. A coat made from an ermine's skin is also called an ermine.
WORD FAMILY
ermine: ermines
USAGE EXAMPLES
His nickname at court was "the white ermine" - explaining the animal's presence in her arms.
BBC(Dec 29, 2016)
The collection includes some 86,000 objects, among them da Vinci’s “Lady with an Ermine” and Rembrandt’s “Landscape with the Good Samaritan.”
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Flanked on the stage by twin columns of attendants, she was a galactic goddess in a white ermine cape.
New York Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 貂，貂的白毛皮
分布：貂(85%)，貂的白毛皮(15%)
→来自拉丁语mus Armenius，即Armenian mouse.
US ['ɝ:-] noun uncountable
■expensive white fur with black spots that is the winter fur of the stoat (= a small mammal) and is used to decorate formal clothes worn by kings, queens, judges, etc. （用于君主、法官等服饰中的）白鼬毛皮
n. 貂；貂的白毛皮
 - marten, mink

Word: effete
Front: effete
[ɪˈfi:t] (宝 28443/33535)
Vocabulary: effete
(once / 7420 pages)
adj
Effete is a disapproving term meaning decadent and self-indulgent, even useless. The stereotype of the rugged Westerner is just as false as the one of the effete East Coast liberal.
The origin of the word effete is a little unexpected. Coming from the Latin effetus "out of, past childbearing," effete meant "exhausted, spent" long before it acquired the sense of morally exhausted and overly refined. This is the main use of the word today. Do you ever wonder why some effete party girls are considered celebrities? Star athletes run the risk of losing their edge and becoming effete posterboys for their sports.
WORD FAMILY
effete: effetely, effeter
USAGE EXAMPLES
The show is fawned upon by effete elites such as myself.
Washington Post(Nov 21, 2016)
He pointed out how Duke Ellington turned black history into style, and how Ellington made white American composers, by contrast, sound like effete Europeans.
New York Times(Oct 20, 2016)
Loved that camp coup de grace, the effete Limey farewell.
The Guardian(Oct 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 虚弱无力的; 衰落的; 柔弱的; 女人气的
分布：贫瘠的(50%)，无能力的(25%)，衰弱的(25%)
→ef-, 向外。-fet, 婴儿，词源同fetus, female. 原义为刚生完孩子的，引申义虚弱的，软弱的。
【源】effete表示“女人气的”：ex出，fetus刚刚生产。fetus（n 胎儿）拉丁语 effetus指动物刚产幼仔所以精疲力竭
【记】ef出，fete（n 庆祝vt 宴请）：天天出去吃宴会，花天酒地，不锻炼身体，唯一的结果就是－不孕，精疲力竭回忆：barren（酒吧人－不孕的）
【反】hale（adj 老人强壮的）；sound（adj 健全的）
adjective literary disapproving
■weak and without much power 弱不禁风的；了无生气的；软弱无能的
• With nothing to do all day the aristocracy had grown effete and lazy. 贵族们终日无所事事，变得四体不勤，懒散乏力。
disapproving
■more typical of a woman than of a man 没有男子汉气概的；女人气的
adj. 衰老的；疲惫的；（土地）贫瘠的；（动植物）不育的
 - exhausted, decrepit

Word: falsification
Front: falsification
[ˌfɔ:lsɪfɪ'keɪʃn] (25840/25546)
Back: n. 弄虚作假，歪曲; 畸变; 证明为假
分布：伪造(75%)，歪曲(17%)，编造(8%)
伪造;曲解(falsify+ic+ation)[fall,fail,fault=err,deceive,表示"犯错误,欺骗"]
篡改(fals错,假)[-ation表名词"行为,过程,结果"]
n. 伪造；歪曲； [审计] 篡改；证明是假
 - violence, manipulation, forging

Word: extrude
Front: extrude
[ɪkˈstru:d] (托宝 25266/24602)
Vocabulary: extrude
(once / 21969 pages)
v
If you force material through an opening to give it form or shape, you are extruding the material. You can use a pasta maker to extrude the pasta dough in various shapes — from spaghetti to linguine to macaroni.
Extrude is from the Latin word extrudere, which itself can be broken into the roots ex-, meaning "out," and trudere, meaning "to thrust." In the noun form, the process is called extrusion. You can extrude all kinds of materials and products by forcing them through an opening, including cheese puffs, pasta, candy, plastic toys like the hula hoop, assorted pipes and hoses, and glass tubing.
WORD FAMILY
extrude: extruded, extrudes, extruding, extrusion, extrusive+/extrusion: extrusions
USAGE EXAMPLES
He extruded thin strands of the ink containing cartilage cells, and these grew together, forming a large piece of tissue1.
Nature(Dec 06, 2016)
Local sourcing is so important to him that he’s grinding wheat from upstate for pasta extruded in-house.
New York Times(Dec 06, 2016)
The door handles and trim look cast, not molded or extruded.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: v. 挤压出; 挤压成; 突出; 伸出
vt. & vi. （被）挤压出; 排出; 喷出
vt. （把金属或塑料）挤压成，压制
时态：extruded, extruding, extrudes
分布：挤出(58%)，逐出(21%)，压出(21%)
→ex-, 向外。-trud, 推，挤，词源同obtrude, thrush.
挤出;冲出(ex出+trud+e→往外推→冲出)[trud,trus=push,表示"推"]
【记】ex出，trude＝rude（adj 粗鲁的）－粗鲁的把你逐出去
[ɪk'stru:d] specialized
verb transitive
■to form something by forcing or pushing it out, especially through a small opening （尤指通过狭小的出口）挤压出，挤压成，压制
• extruded aluminium rods 压制成形的铝杆
vt. 挤出，压出；使突出；逐出
 - crowd out, squeeze out
vi. 突出，喷出
 - stand out, excel at

Word: femininity
Front: femininity
[ˌfeməˈnɪnəti] (12575/12487)
Vocabulary: femininity
(once / 8948 pages)
n
Femininity is a quality of acting in a typically womanly, girlish, or feminine way. Different cultures have different ideas of what femininity looks like.
If you're a gentle, sweet-natured person, your grandmother may praise your femininity. You might argue, however, that your brother is even sweeter and more soft-spoken than you are. Society has a particular idea and definition of exactly what femininity is, but this varies widely for individual women. Femininity comes from the adjective feminine, "relating to women," from the Latin femina, "woman."
WORD FAMILY
femininity: femininities+/defeminize: defeminized/ feminine: femininely, feminineness, feminines, femininity, feminise, feminize, unfeminine/feminise: defeminise, feminisation, feminised, feminising/feminize: defeminize, feminization, feminized, feminizing/unfeminine: unfemininely
USAGE EXAMPLES
Still, Siri’s responses seemed to refer to versions of femininity that were vintage, as if lifted from old movies.
The New Yorker(Dec 31, 2016)
Like many women of her generation she understood that femininity is always a performance and she performed it to the hilt.
The Guardian(Dec 19, 2016)
This is a caricature world where both femininity and racial diversity are highlighted with comic emphasis.
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 女性气质; 娇弱，温柔; 妇女的总称
分布：温柔(48%)，妇女(33%)，妇女特质(19%)
[femin女,-ality表示性质]女性,妇女的特性[女(1)gyn(o);gynec(o)(2)fem;femin]
[feminine(e)女性的,-ity表示性质]女子的气质,女人气,妇女总称[女(1)gyn(o);gynec(o)(2)fem;femin]
N-UNCOUNT
女性
A woman's femininity is the fact that she is a woman.
例：...the drudgery behind the ideology of motherhood and femininity.贤妻良母这一观念背后的繁重劳作
N-UNCOUNT
女性气质;女人特质;阴柔
Femininity means the qualities that are considered to be typical of women.
例：...this courageous German tennis star's unique blend of strength and femininity.这位勇气十足的德国网球明星融力量与柔美为一体，气质独特
n. 温柔；柔弱性；女子本性
 - softness, gentilesse

Word: exhibitor
Front: exhibitor
[ɪgˈzɪbɪtə(r)] (13472/16136 -1)
Back: n. 展出者; 参展商
分布：展出者(62%)，参展者(21%)，提出人(17%)
→来自exhibit, 展览。
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable
■someone who has made or owns something, especially a work of art, shown in an exhibition （尤指创作或拥有艺术品的）展出者，参展者
• Many of the exhibitors will be at the gallery to meet the public. 很多参展者将在艺廊与大众见面。

Word: fleshy
Front: fleshy
[ˈfleʃi] (14840/15965)
Back: adj. （似）肉的; 多肉的; 肥胖的; 肉质的
级别：fleshier, fleshiest
分布：肉的(65%)，多肉的(35%)
adjective
■having a lot of soft flesh 多肉的；肥胖的
adj. 肉的；肉质的；丰满的
 - fat, full

Word: franciscan

Word: gluten
Front: gluten
[ˈglu:tn] (24067/18095)
Vocabulary: gluten
(once / 5866 pages)
n
Gluten is a protein that's found in some grains, such as wheat. It's the gluten in wheat that makes bread dough strong and stretchy.
If you've ever kneaded dough for cinnamon rolls, or stretched pizza dough into a large circle, you know how elastic the combination of yeast, sugar, flour, and water comes to feel. People who are allergic or sensitive to gluten avoid eating grains that contain it, but those who aren't bothered by gluten enjoy the chewy texture of homemade wheat bread. In Latin, gluten means "glue."
WORD FAMILY
gluten: glutens, glutinous +/ glutinous: glutinosity, glutinously, glutinousness, nonglutinous
USAGE EXAMPLES
The fried chicken and biscuits are available with or without gluten, as are the mac and cheese, potpies, several sandwiches and some of the desserts.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Some versions of the diet even exclude gluten and grains and dairy.
BBC(Dec 13, 2016)
She explains that the cooked yolks prevent the gluten in the flour from becoming overdeveloped and thus produce a “meltingly tender” dough.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: n. 麸质; 面筋; 谷胶
分布：面筋(73%)，麸质(27%)
→词源同glue, 粘，胶水。因其粘性特征而得名。
US [-tˌən] noun uncountable
■a protein which is contained in wheat and some other grains 谷蛋白黏胶质
• a gluten-free diet 不含谷蛋白的饮食

Word: funnily
Front: funnily
[ˈfʌnəli] (41607/20349)
Back: adv. 有趣地，滑稽地
分布：有趣地(60%)，奇特地(20%)，古怪地(20%)
adverb
■strangely 真奇怪，奇怪的是
• If I'm talking a bit funnily it's because I've just had an injection in my mouth. 如果我说话有点异样，那是因为我嘴里刚打过针。
['fʌn.ɪ.li] adverb
funnily enough
■strangely, in a way that is surprising 甚是奇怪，令人惊讶
• Funnily enough, I was just thinking about you when you called. 真是奇怪了，我刚才正在想你呢，你就打电话过来了。
adv. 有趣地，滑稽地；古怪的
 - interestingly, intriguingly

Word: gumshoe
Front: gumshoe
[ˈgʌmʃu:] (33768/-)
Back: n. <美>橡皮套靴，胶底运动靴，<俚>侦察
vi. 悄悄走，秘密行走，侦察
adj. 偷偷做的
分布：侦探(30%)，胶底运动靴(22%)，悄悄走(16%)，套靴(16%)，当密探(11%)，秘密行动(5%)
noun countable US old-fashioned informal for
■ detective (= someone whose job is to discover facts about a crime) 密探

Word: hereafter
Front: hereafter
[ˌhɪərˈɑ:ftə(r)] (19051/20377)
Vocabulary: hereafter
(once / 395 pages)
advn
You can use the adverb hereafter to talk about what happens next, after this moment. For example, you might say, "I will hereafter get my homework done in time."
When you mean "from now on," you can say hereafter, like when you give a friend a new nickname: "You will hereafter be known as Brostache." Another kind of hereafter is what happens after death. When someone talks specifically about "the hereafter," he usually means heaven or life after death. This is the earliest meaning of the word, and it's often mentioned in religious contexts and at funerals.
WORD FAMILY
hereafter: hereafters
USAGE EXAMPLES
She had even signed a contract, which contained murky language about the company owning her performances, in all technologies “now known or hereafter developed.”
The New Yorker(Nov 27, 2016)
So as much as Eric Sillies thinks tonight and the near hereafter is his big moment, what it really might be is Wilson’s.
Golf Digest(Nov 23, 2016)
It’s also home to some 600,000 honeybees and a beekeeping operation that churns out honey sold under the brand name “The Sweet Hereafter.”
Washington Times(Nov 12, 2016)
Back: adv. 今后，从此以后
分布：来世(48%)，将来(33%)，此后(19%)
US [ˌhɪr'æf.tɚ] adverb (also hereinafter) formal or legal
■starting from this time; in the future 此后，今后
• Elizabeth Gaskell's novel 'Ruth' will hereafter be cited within the text as EG. 伊丽莎白‧盖斯凯尔的小说《露丝》在下文中提及时将以 EG 代替。
UK [ˌhɪə'rɑ:f.tər] US [ˌhɪr'æf.tɚ] noun only singular formal
the hereafter
■life after death 死后的生命；来世
• She had a firm conviction that they would meet again in the hereafter. 她坚信他们来世还会再见面。
n. 将来；来世
 - eternity, by-and-by
adv. 今后，从此以后
 - hence, forwards

Word: halley

Word: handyman
Front: handyman
[ˈhændimæn] (20661/23890)
Vocabulary: handyman
(once / 25583 pages)
n
Someone who's good at many things, especially fixing things around the house, can be called a handyman. If you need help unclogging a drain and repairing a hole in a window screen, you should call a handyman.
A handyman knows how to do minor repairs and odd jobs, and either tackles these on weekends in his own home or advertises his skills and is employed by other people. These days, it's not uncommon to use the word handyperson instead, since it includes both men and women who are handy at fixing and building things. In any case, a handyman or handyperson doesn't specialize in one skill, but dabbles in many.
WORD FAMILY
handyman: handymen
USAGE EXAMPLES
Dear Heloise: I am a handyman, and each year I install and remove dozens of window air conditioners.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
He works as a handyman in Boston but his life is jolted when he returns to his small hometown to care for a nephew.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 24, 2016)
An insulation contractor or even a home handyman should be able to help you if you don’t want to tackle the job yourself.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 受雇做杂事的人，做零活的人; 能工巧匠
分布：手巧的人(69%)，勤杂工(31%)
→比喻用法。
noun countable
■a man who is skilled at repairing and making things inside or outside the house and who does this in his own home or as a job 善于做室内外修理工作的人；杂活工
n. 手巧的人； [劳经] 杂务工；水手
 - sailor, Jacky

Word: headmistress
Front: headmistress
[ˌhedˈmɑ:stə(r)] (高 27070/12713 -1)
Vocabulary: headmistress
(once / 37642 pages)
n
A headmistress is the female principal of a school, particularly a private school. You might need to ask the headmistress of your high school for a college recommendation.
Private schools and prep schools often call the person in charge a headmaste if he's a man and a headmistress if she's a woman. It's more common to have a principal in the United States, especially in public schools. The word headmistress is commonly thought of as British, but it's increasingly likely that a British student will use the term head teacher instead, since it can refer to either a man or a woman.
WORD FAMILY
headmistress: headmistresses, headmistressship
USAGE EXAMPLES
The poll was carried out by Digital Awareness UK and the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.
BBC(Oct 05, 2016)
"They want to start studies in the first week," said William Richardson, general secretary of the Headmasters and Headmistresses Conference.
BBC(Oct 04, 2016)
Mike Buchanan, of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference, will say "forcing" the sectors to work together is "fraught with difficulties".
BBC(Oct 02, 2016)
Back: n. 女校长
分布：女校长(100%)
US ['-ˌ--] noun countable mainly UK
■a female headteacher 女校长
n. 女校长
 - schoolmistress, presidentess

Word: hafiz

Word: hesitancy
Front: hesitancy
[ˈhezɪtənsi] (22884/20682)
Back: n. 迟疑，踌躇
分布：犹豫(64%)，踌躇(36%)
→来自hesitate,犹豫，踌躇。
n. 踌躇，犹豫
 - vibration, vacillation

Word: immaturity
Front: immaturity
[ˌɪmə'tjʊərətɪ] (24658/21024)
Vocabulary: immaturity
(once / 14683 pages)
n
The state of immaturity suggests something that has not ripened or is not fully grown. Applied to humans, it is the state of being less than fully-grown, or at least of acting in a childish or silly manner.
With the Latin word immātūritās meaning "unripeness," as in a piece of fruit that is not yet fully developed, we can see the meaning of the modern word immaturity. Nowadays, the word is applied more often to people than to fruit, usually in referring to foolish behavior. Although the word is most often used to refer to adolescent behavior, it can still be applied to a physical state of development. And of course, it can still be applied to underripe produce.
WORD FAMILY
immaturity: immaturities+/ immature: immaturely, immatureness, immaturity /maturate: maturates, maturating, maturation / maturation: maturational / mature: immature, maturate, matured, maturely, maturement, matureness, maturer, matures, maturest, maturing, maturity / maturity: maturities, post-maturity
USAGE EXAMPLES
He detests the president-elect’s belligerence, his immaturity, his kooky cabinet picks, his arrogant rejection of intelligence briefings.
Salon(Dec 25, 2016)
Immaturity uses every tummy ache, flu, headache, fallen arch, hangnail or breakup as an excuse to slip the knot of accountability.
Seattle Times(Dec 12, 2016)
His immaturity is hurting him, and he cannot mature because he feels lost, anxious, competitive and angry in his family.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: n. 不成熟; 未充分成长; 未成熟; 粗糙
分布：不成熟(100%)
n. 未成熟；粗糙；未臻完美；不完全
 - roughness, granulation

Word: ibis
Front: ibis
[ˈaɪbɪs] (25024/40075)
Back: n. 朱鹭
分布：朱鹭(100%)
→来自希腊语ibis,来自埃及语hab,一种类似鹳的埃及神鸟。参照电影《木乃伊》。
n. 朱鹭
 - flinthead

Word: clang
Front: clang
[klæŋ] (18195/24280)
Back: n. 叮当声
v. （使）叮当地响
时态：clanged, clanging, clangs
分布：鹤鸣声(55%)，铿锵声(45%)
→拟声词。
verb intransitive or transitive
■to make a loud deep ringing sound like that of metal being hit, or to cause something to make this sound （使）叮当作响；（使）发出当啷声
• He woke up to hear the sound of bells clanging in the distance. 他醒来时听到远处铃儿叮当作响。
• [+ obj + adj] She clanged the metal gate shut behind her. 她哐啷一声把身后的大铁门关上了。
n. 叮当声；铿锵声
 - clonk, tintinnabulation

Word: color
Front: color
['kʌlə(r)] (研四雅 697/24372)
Vocabulary: color
(once / 53 pages)
1nvadj 2n 3nv 4n 5n 6nv
You may think the word color just means blue, pink, and the like, but the word can also refer to something of interest, especially of culture or behavior. If you want to see some local color in an Irish town, you should head to the pub where all the locals hang out.
As a verb, color can mean to give bias to something. A bad experience on the first day of school will color how you feel about school for the rest of the year. Another meaning of the verb color is to misrepresent or deceive. If someone colors their telling of a story in which they brought a cat down from a tree, they may make it seem like they rescued two little kids, three kittens and a parrot from a burning building.
WORD FAMILY
color: bicolor, coloration, colored, colorful, coloring, colorise, colorist, colorize, colorless, colors, decolor, discolor, multi-color, multicolor+/coloration: colorations/colored: bicolored, coloreds, multi-colored, multicolored, uncolored/ colorful: colorfully/coloring: colorings/colorise: decolorise, discolorise/colorist: colorists/colorize: colorized, colorizing, decolorize, discolorize/colorless: colorlessly, colorlessness/decolor: decolored/decolorise: decolorised, decolorising/decolorize: decolorized, decolorizing/ discolor: discoloration, discolored, discoloring, discolors/ discoloration: discolorations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Color is important too, and Mr. Hancock sometimes likes to use plants as accent points.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 01, 2017)
The bottle’s purple label with floral images was designed to attract female shoppers’ attention in a wine aisle dominated by dull colors.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
During a journaling activity with volunteers from the St. Cloud Times, Sarah colored pictures about herself and her life.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Back: n. <美>颜色，色彩; 肤色，脸色，血色; 颜料，染料; 本质
v. <美>给…涂颜色; 改变…的颜色; 粉饰，渲染，使带上色彩; 脸红
时态：colored, coloring, colors
分布：颜色(85%)，彩色(9%)，颜料(2%)，脸红(1%)，渲染(1%)，着色(1%)，把 ... 涂颜色(1%)
→来自kel, 隐藏，遮盖，词源同cell, hole.后词义由遮盖引申为颜色，色彩。
n.(=colour)颜色;颜料;肤色v.给...着色The columnist holds the colorful column of the colonial newspaper.那位专栏作家主持殖民地报纸的多彩专栏.
US [-ɚ] noun US for colour
n. 颜色；肤色；颜料；脸色
 - paint, farbe
vt. 粉饰；给...涂颜色；歪曲
 - sugar, prettify
vi. 变色；获得颜色
 - discolor

Word: interdependent
Front: interdependent
[ˌɪntədɪˈpendənt] (托 14814/15535)
Vocabulary: interdependent
(once / 7181 pages)
adj
When objects or people are interdependent, they come to rely on each other for survival. As business becomes more and more international, the world is increasingly interdependent, with countries needing each other's help to survive.
Interdependent comes from the Latin word inter meaning "among, between," and dependere which means "to hang from, be dependent on." When two people are interdependent, they have a sense of dependency between them. Married couples are often interdependent. They rely on one another — whether for income or child care or love — to get by.
WORD FAMILY
interdependent: interdependence, interdependency, interdependently+/ depend: dependable, dependant, depended, dependent, depending, depends, interdepend/ dependable: dependability, dependableness, dependably, undependable/ dependant: dependants/ dependence: dependences/ dependency: dependencies/ dependent: dependence, dependency, dependently, dependents, independent / independence: independences/independency: independencies/ independent: independence, independency, independently, independents/interdepend: interdependent / interdependence: interdependences/interdependency: interdependencies/undependable: undependability, undependableness
USAGE EXAMPLES
We are all interconnected, interdependent, but the fabric of our common tapestry is starting to unravel.
Time(Dec 01, 2016)
The fact that Barbados was independent did not excuse it from also having to be interdependent.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
The tragedy is that their tasks are more interdependent than they realise.
Economist(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 互相依赖的，互相依存的
分布：相互依赖的(77%)，互助的(23%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，dependent,依靠。
【记】inter相互，dependent（adj 依靠的；依赖的）
US [-tˌɚ-] adjective
■depending on each other 互相依赖的，互相依存的
• All living things are interdependent. 所有的生物都是互相依存的。
adj. 相互依赖的；互助的
 - coadjutant

Word: irredeemable
Front: irredeemable
[ˌɪrɪˈdi:məbl] (宝 36773/34694)
Vocabulary: irredeemable
(once / 17305 pages)
1adj 2adj
If something is beyond all hope, you can describe it as irredeemable — like your disastrously bad performance at the school talent show.
Use the adjective irredeemable when there's no way to fix or save a person or situation. You could describe your aunt whose house is so full of stuffed animals that the door barely opens as an irredeemable hoarder, or your friend's cheap jewelry as irredeemable junk. It comes from the word redeem, which is related to redemption, whose root word is the Latin redimere, "buy back."
WORD FAMILY
irredeemable: irredeemably+/ deem: deemed, deeming, deems, redeem / redeem: redeemable, redeemed, redeemer, redeeming, redeems, redemption, redemptive, redemptory/redeemable: irredeemable, unredeemable/redeemed: unredeemed/redeemer: redeemers/ redeeming: redeemingly/ redemption: redemptional, redemptions/ redemptive: redemptively/unredeemable: unredeemably/unredeemed: unredeemedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
You cannot fete Castro as a noble failure while deriding Tony Blair as irredeemable.
The Guardian(Nov 27, 2016)
Some have argued that casting a vote for Trump, given the hateful rhetoric he employed during his campaign, is irredeemable.
Slate(Nov 17, 2016)
“This just absolutely confirmed it ... They are irredeemable monsters.”
The Guardian(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 不能赎回的，不能兑现的，不可救药的; 不可弥补; 不可挽回
分布：不能恢复的(25%)，（指政府年金(25%)，不能挽救的(25%)，债券或股票等）不能藉偿还而终止的(25%)
→ir-,不，非，redeemable,可挽救的。
【记】redeem（vt 赎回；挽回）
formal
adjective
■impossible to correct, improve or change 无法改正的；无法改进的；无法改变的
• There are irredeemable flaws in the logic of the argument. 论证的逻辑存在无法弥补的漏洞。
adj. [金融] 不能赎回的；不能兑现的；不可救药的
 - unredeemable, hopeless

Word: scriptural
Front: scriptural
['skrɪptʃərəl] (17186/24006)
Back: adj. 手稿的，圣经的，依据圣经的
分布：圣经的(59%)，依据圣经的(41%)
ADJ
《圣经》中的;源自《圣经》的;根据《圣经》的
Scriptural is used to describe things that are written in or based on the Christian Bible.
例：...scriptural accounts of the process of salvation.《圣经》中关于灵魂得救的过程的记载
adj. 圣经的；手稿的；依据圣经的
 - Biblical

Word: sine
Front: sine
[saɪn] (20093/26174)
Back: prep. 无
n. 正弦
分布：名词(100%)
→来自拉丁语 sinus,弯，曲，词源同 sinus,sinuous.后用于几何学名词指正弦。sine 无，没有
[saɪn] (written abbreviation sin) specialized
noun countable
■(in a triangle that has one angle of 90°) the ratio of the length of the side opposite an angle less than 90° divided by the length of the hypotenuse (= the side opposite the 90° angle) 正弦 Compare cosine ; tangent
prep. （拉）无（等于without）
 - wanting, sans

Word: silkworm
Front: silkworm
[ˈsɪlkwɜ:m] (31565/41771)
Back: n. 蚕
分布：蚕(100%)
→silk,丝，worm,虫。即吐丝的虫，蚕。
US [-wɝ:m] noun countable
■a type of caterpillar (= a young worm-like form of an insect) which produces threads of silk from which it makes a cocoon (= a covering for its body) 蚕

Word: snuggle
Front: snuggle
[ˈsnʌgl] (宝 13775/16633)
Vocabulary: snuggle
(once / 4772 pages)
vn
To snuggle is to cuddle with someone. Snuggling is a little like hugging, and it often takes place in bed.
This is a cutesy word for cute behavior: nestling or nuzzling someone. People snuggle to warm each other up or to be affectionate. People dating or married often snuggle. Close friends or siblings might snuggle, and people definitely snuggle with their pets. Snuggling is only likely to happen with people who are close; if you try to snuggle a stranger, you'll probably get arrested.
WORD FAMILY
snuggle: snuggled, snuggles, snuggling+/snuggling: snugglings
USAGE EXAMPLES
We laughed, and I tried to snuggle up to her, but when I leaned in, she stayed put.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
She often climbs out of her crib near her parents’ bed and over her mother and snuggles up next to her father.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
As vaguely Arabic music played overhead, scores of partygoers lay down to snuggle on a platform covered with pillows.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 依偎; 舒适地蜷伏; 紧靠; 拥抱
时态：snuggled, snuggling, snuggles
分布：依偎(80%)，挨近(20%)
→snug,偎依，-le,表反复。
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to move yourself into a warm and comfortable position, especially one in which your body is against another person or covered by something 舒适地偎依，躺下
• The children snuggled up to their mother to get warm. 孩子们紧紧地偎依在母亲身边取暖。
• I was just snuggling down into my warm duvet when the telephone rang. 我刚刚要躺进温暖的羽绒被窝里，电话就响了起来。
vt. 使舒适温暖；紧抱；偎依
 - press, nestle up
vi. 偎依；舒服地蜷伏
 - nestle up

Word: snugly
Front: snugly
[snʌɡlɪ] (17724/20472)
Back: adv. 紧贴地; 贴身地; 暖和舒适地; 安适地
分布：紧紧地(40%)，贴身地(40%)，舒服地(20%)
ADJ-GRADED
(尤指寒冷天气中)暖烘烘的，温暖舒适的
If you feel snug or are in a snug place, you are very warm and comfortable, especially because you are protected from cold weather.
例：They lay snug and warm amid the blankets.他们舒舒服服、暖暖和和地躺在毯子里。
例：...a snug log cabin.舒适温暖的小木屋
ADJ-GRADED
(衣服等)紧身的，贴身的
Something such as a piece of clothing that is snug fits very closely or tightly.
例：...a snug black T-shirt and skin-tight black jeans...贴身的黑色T恤和紧身的黑色牛仔裤
例：Every dress is lined, ensuring a snug, firm fit.每条裙子都加了衬里，确保穿起来贴身而挺括。
N-COUNT
酒馆内的雅间
A snug is a small room in a pub.
adv. 舒适地；隐蔽地；贴身地；紧密地
 - closely, cozily

Word: sou
Front: sou
[su:] (34897/-)
Back: n. 苏（昔日法国的一种铜币），无价值之物
分布：无价值之物(100%)
→来自法语 sou,小铜钱，俚语分币，来自拉丁语 solidus,古罗马金币，词源同 solid. souffle 蛋奶酥
[su:] UK old-fashioned
noun only singular
■a very small amount of money 一点点钱，很少的钱
• I don't have a sou. 我一毛钱都没有。
n. 苏（昔日法国之一种铜币）；无价值之物
 - halfpennyworth, Fanny Adams

Word: skiff
Front: skiff
[skɪf] (宝 16271/36342)
Vocabulary: skiff
(once / 1888 pages)
n
A skiff is a small boat. If you decide to purchase a skiff instead of giant yacht, you're probably someone who prefers the quiet, simple life. (Or maybe you just didn’t want to spend the money on a yacht.)
A skiff may be powered by oars, sails, or a motor, but in any of these cases, a typical skiff can carry only a few passengers. Skiff originally referred to a small boat attached to a large ship; the skiff would have been used for communication with and transportation to other large ships and the shore. Winslow Homer, a 19th-century American artist, often portrayed skiffs in his depictions of marine scenes.
WORD FAMILY
skiff: skiffs
USAGE EXAMPLES
But all the while he was tinkering with his original invention, and also building trimarans, skiffs and catamarans, among other things.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
In October, pirates left Patino and his brother bound with twine in their small motorized skiff, miles from shore.
Seattle Times(Dec 07, 2016)
The men posed on the side of the skiff with big smiles.
New York Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 小艇，小型帆船; 摩托小快艇
分布：小船(86%)，轻舟(14%)
→来自意大利语 schifo,小船，词源同 ship.引申词义小划艇，小帆船等。
【记】只需要一点儿skill就是划skiff。
【参】skillet（n 煎锅）用skillet也需要一点儿et技术skill。
noun countable
■a small light boat for rowing or sailing, usually used by only one person （单人）小艇，轻舟
n. 小艇；小型帆船；轻舟
 - dinghy, cockboat

Word: soloist
Front: soloist
[ˈsəʊləʊɪst] (托 14603/12909 -1)
Back: n. 独唱者，独奏者，单飞者
分布：独奏者(56%)，独唱者(44%)
→solo,独奏的，独唱的，-ist,人。
US ['soʊ.loʊ-] noun countable
■a musician who performs a solo 独奏者；独唱者
• The soloist in the violin concerto was Yehudi Menuhin. 这首小提琴协奏曲的独奏者是耶胡迪‧梅纽因。
n. 独奏者；独唱者
 - chazan, cantor

Word: sprite
Front: sprite
[spraɪt] (25347/24188)
Back: n. 鬼怪，小妖精，调皮鬼
分布：精灵(100%)
→来自古法语 esprit,精灵，仙子，词源同 spirit,精灵，仙子。
[spraɪt] literary
noun countable
■a fairy (= small imaginary person with wings) especially one connected with water （尤指与水有关的）精灵，仙子
• a sea/water sprite 海中／水中精灵
n. 妖精，精灵；鬼怪；调皮鬼
 - peri, alluring woman

Word: stopper
Front: stopper
[ˈstɒpə(r)] (17714/21178)
Back: n. 阻塞物，（尤指）瓶塞
vt. （用瓶塞）塞住
时态：stoppered, stoppering, stoppers
分布：瓶塞(61%)，阻塞物(24%)，用塞子塞住(10%)，使某事停止之人或物(5%)
→stop,塞住，-er,表物。
US ['stɑ:.pɚ] noun countable
■an object which fits into the top of a bottle or other container 瓶塞
n. 塞子；阻塞物；制止者；妨碍物
 - plug, tampion
vt. 用塞子塞住
 - spile

Word: connote
Front: connote
[kəˈnəʊt] (17617/25336)
Vocabulary: connote
(once / 3727 pages)
v
Often your body language can connote or imply how you feel without you having to saying it directly. For example, if you fold your arms and look away from someone as he speaks to you, you are connoting your discomfort.
When you act a certain way to show how you feel rather than just outright saying it, you're connoting or suggesting that emotion. Words can often connote or suggest certain meanings or ideas. The word turbulent connotes the image of a bumpy ride on an airplane, for example. Connote is also used in formal logic. If A connotes B, then for A to be true, B has to also be true.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
connote / denote
Don't let the rhyme fool you — to connote is to imply a meaning or condition, and to denote is to define exactly. Connote is like giving a hint, but to denote is to refer to something outright.
To connote is to suggest a connection. The word red can connote danger; we use the color red in warning signs to signify danger. Only words and symbols can connote something; people imply it. Here are some hints:
The "Good Old Days" connote a fond remembrance of better times in the past. (Forbes)
"Dear is a bit too intimate and connotes a personal relationship," Ms Barry told the paper. (BBC)
The word red also denotes a color, and a blue wheelchair painted on a parking spot denotes handicap parking. A word's denotation is its literal meaning. You can also use denote to mean to indicate something or to be a sign of something:
With the meters no longer denoting each spot, drivers can fill up a parking lane as they see fit, whether efficiently or inconsiderately. (New York Times)
Blue colours denote wetter earth; yellow colours show drier conditions. (BBC)
According to Garner's Modern American Usage , use of connote for denote is at stage 3 of language change: it's common even among educated speakers and writers. To keep it straight remember that connote is like imply, and denote is telling you like it is.Musical notes denote sound. What's denote? It's a B-flat. Get it?
WORD FAMILY
connote: connotation, connotative, connoted, connotes, connoting+/ connotation: connotational, connotations/connotative: connotatively
USAGE EXAMPLES
Champagne is a remarkable food wine, excellent with much more than oysters and caviar, two traditional pairings that connote luxury.
Washington Post(Nov 17, 2016)
But these inferences are too facile, because some increases connote good news, while others do not.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Even their mode of creation — of plant matter decaying into crepuscular peat — seems to connote darkness and hostility to life.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: vt. 隐含，暗示，意味着
时态：connoted, connoting, connotes
分布：意味着(55%)，暗示(25%)，隐含(20%)
→con-, 强调。-note, 标记，备注。
VERB
(词或名字)隐含，暗示，使人联想到
If a word or name connotes something, it makes you think of a particular idea or quality.
例：The term 'organization' often connotes a sense of neatness. organization这个词常常让人想到整洁。
vt. 意味着；含言外之意
 - spell, portend

Word: corset
Front: corset
[ˈkɔ:sɪt] (17226/19387)
Vocabulary: corset
(once / 4466 pages)
nv
A corset is a fitted garment with stiff supports that cinch in the waist of the person who's wearing it. Corsets can be worn for back support, but women used to wear them to look skinny in their dresses.
Historians believe that corsets have been around for more than three hundred years. As fashion has changed over time, the shape and construction of corsets has also changed — today, while corsets are mainly worn as costumes or for medical reasons, many women still wear "foundation garments," which differ from corsets only in material — the modern version is made of stretchy fabric rather than stiff bones or metal. Corset is an Old French word, from cors, or "body."
WORD FAMILY
corset: corseted, corseting, corsets, corsetted
USAGE EXAMPLES
Already here, the corseted look is in place.
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
That is the brief explanation Miuccia Prada gave for her fall collection and the plentiful corsets she sent down the runway.
New York Times(Nov 25, 2016)
They could be composed of anything: a goat corseted by a tire; a stuffed bald eagle.
The Guardian(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. （妇女为衬托身体的）紧身胸衣
时态：corseted, corseting, corsets
分布：名词(97%)，动词(3%)
→cors, 同corp, 身体。-et, 小词后缀。
US ['kɔ:r-] noun countable
■a tight piece of underwear worn on the middle part of a woman's body to make her waist appear smaller, especially in the past （尤指过去女子用来束腰以显得苗条的）紧身褡 ，束腹

Word: condiment
Front: condiment
[ˈkɒndɪmənt] (托宝 16952/38372)
Vocabulary: condiment
(once / 6607 pages)
n
A condiment adds flavor to food. Ketchup and mustard are popular condiments.
Most people use condiments when they eat. There are lots of salad dressings, and they're all condiments. If you put relish on a hot dog, that's a condiment too. Barbecue sauce and blue cheese are condiments as well. If it's an extra thing — especially a sauce like ranch dressing — and it makes food taste better, it's probably a condiment.
WORD FAMILY
condiment: condiments
USAGE EXAMPLES
The soup itself was that rare bowl that requires no doctoring with tabletop condiments.
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
More Japanese condiments may earn a permanent in your pantry, such as ponzu, miso, and sesame oil.
Time(Dec 19, 2016)
The condiment, charged with honey, tamarind, horseradish and vinegar, proves unnecessary but intriguing.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 调味品，佐料
分布：调味品(75%)，佐料(25%)
→con-, 强调。-di, 给予，词源同donate, date. 即放到一起调制而成的，调料。
调味品(cond+I+ment→藏起[坏味道]→调味品)[cond=hide,表示"藏"]
【记】cond隐藏，ment读：闷他－藏到锅里把他（佐料）闷起来（广州煲汤的方法）
【参】abscond（v 潜逃）；recondite（adj 深奥的）
US ['kɑ:n-] formal
noun countable
■a substance, such as salt, that you add to food to improve its taste 调味品
n. [食品] 调味品；佐料
 - seasoning, dressing

Word: crystallography
Front: crystallography
[ˌkrɪstəˈlɒgrəfi] (33168/36177)
Back: n. 结晶学; 晶体学
分布：结晶学(53%)，晶体学(47%)

Word: premarital
Front: premarital
[ˌpri:ˈmærɪtl] (18747/41437)
Back: adj. 婚前的
分布：婚前的(100%)
→pre-,在前，早于，marital,婚姻的。
US [-'mer.ə.tˌəl] adjective [before noun]
■before marriage 婚前的
• premarital sex 婚前性行为
• premarital counselling 婚前咨询服务
adj. 婚前的
 - antemarital

Word: practicable
Front: practicable
[ˈpræktɪkəbl] (四六托雅 23062/8013)
Vocabulary: practicable
(once / 499 pages)
adj
Something that is practicable is something that can be reasonably done. Look at the word within the word, practice, plus the suffix -able, and you have something that is able to be put into practice, or practicable.
Practicable is an adjective built from the word practice and can thus be traced to the Medieval Latin verb practicare and the Medieval French pratiquer, both of which meant "to practice." With the addition of a "c" to remind us of "practice," the French praticable, "able to be put into practice," became the English practicable.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
practical / practicable
Choosing between practical ("sensible") and practicable ("possible") often depends on context.
Quiz time! Choose your words:
Luxury gifts are out this Christmas – with practical/practicable presents now topping most people's wish lists.
Health Amendment Act 2007 required councils to take all practical/practicable steps to ensure drinking water complied with drinking water standards.
The Torah contains 613 commandments, many of which we call ritual because they don't fulfill a practical/practicable or moral purpose.
In the first sentence, the presents on people's wish lists are sensible or reasonable. They're practical. Here's another example:
The problem with personal budgets is practical, not ideological.
The second sentence refers to steps that can actually be put into practice, steps that are achievable. They're practicable:
He failed to take all practicable steps to ensure his actions did not cause harm to any other persons.
‎The third quiz sentence talks about three types of commandments: those concerned with religious ceremonies (ritual), those concerned with a sense of right and wrong (moral), and those concerned with things able to be put to use. That last group was labeled practical in the original sentence. But if those commandments, such as returning lost objects, are ones that we can put into use, aren't they also practicable, commandments that are feasible? In a word: sometimes. Context can be everything.
When faced with a choice between practical and practicable, look at the context around the word. Do you mean to say that a thing is sensible? Choose practical. Do you want to say it is possible? Choose practicable. Out of context, sometimes either word will do.
WORD FAMILY
practicable: impracticable, practicability, practicableness, practicably+/impracticability: impracticabilities/impracticable: impracticability, impracticableness, impracticably/ impractical: impracticality, impractically/impracticality: impracticalities/practicability: practicabilities/ practical: impractical, practicality, practically / practicality: practicalities/ practice: practicable, practical, practiced, practices, practicing/practiced: unpracticed
USAGE EXAMPLES
It also says the winning applicants should be dispersed across the country “to the maximum extent practicable.”
Science Magazine(Dec 29, 2016)
Nothing was more to be desired than that every practicable obstacle should be opposed to cabal, intrigue, and corruption.
Salon(Dec 11, 2016)
Making data-return practicable might require building technical systems such as secure web interfaces.
Nature(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: adj. 切实可行的，行得通的; 实际的; 实用的; 可以通行的
分布：适用的(51%)，可实行的(38%)，可通行的(11%)
→来自practice,实践。
formal
adjective
■able to be done or put into action 能实行的，可行的
• The troops will be brought home as soon as practicable. 军队将尽快撤回。
• It is not practicable to complete the tunnel before the end of the year. 年底前这个隧道不可能竣工。
Opposite impracticable
possible, feasible, practicable
这组词都有“可行的”的意思，其区别是：
possible: 多用来消除对某事的怀疑，侧重从客观上看有存在或发生的可能。
feasible: 指完全可行，切实可行，强调成功的较大可能性。
practicable: 强调经过证明是有效的，合乎实际，行得通的。
practical, feasible, practicable, pragmatic
practical: a.实践的，实用的，实际的，指未经过实践检验的事物，如计划、项目等。
 • She felt that most of what she learned in the course was of no practical use.   她感到在课上学到的大部分知识都没有实际用途。
feasible: a.可行的，行得通的，用来表示实施后可以成功的。
 • Your work plan is feasible, so we can build the bridge immediately.   你的工作计划是可行的，所以我们可以马上修建那座桥。
practicable: a.能实施的，可行的，只表示一种可能性，但是实施后的效果不一定理想。
 • Their marriage was so bad that divorce seemed the only practicable solution.   他们的婚姻是如此的糟糕以至于离婚似乎是唯一可行的解决办法。
pragmatic: a.讲究实际的，实用的，务实的，强调用常识解决实际问题，不追求不切实际的目标。
 • He would like to be a doctor, but he has a pragmatic attitude and realizes that he cannot afford medical school.   他想成为一名医生，但是他很实际，知道自己上不起医学院。
adj. 可用的；行得通的；可实行的
 - feasible, usable

Word: praetorian
Front: praetorian
[pri:'tɔ:rɪən] (35665/41673)
Back: n. （古罗马）执政官阶级的人
adj. 执政官的，禁卫队的
分布：执政官的(60%)，禁卫队的(40%)
adj. 执政官的；禁卫队的
 - archontic

Word: porcupine
Front: porcupine
[ˈpɔ:kjupaɪn] (托宝 19692/25743)
Back: n. 豪猪，箭猪
分布：豪猪(70%)，箭猪(30%)
→来自古法语porc-espin,豪猪，刺猪，来自porc,猪，词源同pork,espin,刺，矛，词源同spine.
豪猪(pore+upine[=spine刺]→有刺的猪→豪猪)[porc=pig,表示"猪"]
豪猪(pore猪+upine[=spine刺]→有刺的猪→豪猪)[spin=thorn,表示"刺"]
【记】porcu猪，pine松针－有松针的猪－豪猪por＝pore毛孔，cu粗，pine：毛孔里有粗针的猪－豪猪
【参】pork（n 猪肉）
US ['pɔ:r-] noun countable
■an animal with a protective covering of long sharp quills (= stiff hairs like needles) on its back 豪猪，箭猪
n. 箭猪， [脊椎] 豪猪
 - hedgepig

Word: presto
Front: presto
[ˈprestəʊ] (45674/38380)
Vocabulary: presto
(once / 7553 pages)
advadj
Want a fast definition? Presto! Presto means suddenly, or super fast. Magicians love to yell presto! before a trick. In music, to play something presto is to play it at a very fast tempo.
Presto comes from Italian for “quickly.” Officially, presto is the second-quickest speed that music can be played (after prestissimo). To a pianist, presto means one thing, while to a magician it means another. In this case, presto still means "fast," but it refers to the speed at which an illusion is created. If you dabble in magic tricks, you might say, "Presto!" at the moment you make a rabbit disappear or turn a silk scarf into a bouquet of flowers.
WORD FAMILY
presto: prestos
USAGE EXAMPLES
The lost set sucked the wind out of the Falcons’ sails, Cavaliers setter Alyssa Presto said.
Washington Post(Nov 19, 2016)
Add a dash of ammonia, also common on Pluto, to lower the water’s freezing point, and Presto! you have an ocean.
Economist(Nov 17, 2016)
I focused in on my shoes and presto... it identified my shoes as Air Pegasus 83/30, from a board called “Amazing Shoes for Men.”
Wall Street Journal(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: adv. & adj. <音>急板地（的）
adv. 说变就变（表示完成某事如变戏法般迅速容易）
n. <音>急板，急板乐段
分布：急速(100%)
→来自意大利语presto,快的，迅速的，来自拉丁语praestus,准备好的，来自prae,在前，-st,站，站立，词源同stand.引申诸相关词义。
adj. 迅速的
 - rapid, fast, forward, ready, express
adv. 赶快
 - chop-chop

Word: probate
Front: probate
[ˈprəʊbeɪt] (20301/21983)
Vocabulary: probate
(once / 1301 pages)
1nv 2v
Probate is the act of proving the legal validity of a will. A will may require probate because the person that signed it isn’t around to verify his or her signature.
As Ambrose Bierce wrote, “Death is not the end. There remains the litigation over the estate.” So comes the need for the probate. Though probate, from the Latin probare, “to test or prove,” is usually used for wills, it can also be applied to other legal documents, as in the proving of the validity of a document, or an official certification proving the document is real. Probate is also a verb meaning “to place a convicted person on probation.”
WORD FAMILY
probate: probated, probates, probating, probation, probative+/ probation: probationary, probationer, probations/probationer: probationers
USAGE EXAMPLES
There’s a medical clinic that was recently built, a new Montgomery County probate office in the former Pier One Imports, new restaurants under construction.
Washington Times(Dec 18, 2016)
A closed hearing is set for Thursday in Carver County probate court.
Washington Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Wills and probate solicitor Naomi Pinder said wills containing instructions for managing the deceased's social media accounts were "a rapidly growing trend".
BBC(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 遗嘱检验，经检验的遗嘱文本
vt. [法] 遗嘱认证; 处以缓刑; 加以监护; 在遗嘱认证法庭证明…精神失常
adj. [法] 遗嘱认证的
时态：probated, probating, probates
分布：查验遗嘱(34%)，遗嘱查验(33%)，遗嘱查讫证(33%)
→来自拉丁语probare,检验，证实，词源同prove,probe.引申词义遗嘱认证，遗嘱检验。
US ['proʊ-] noun uncountable legal
■the legal process of deciding whether or not a person's will has been made correctly and that the information it contains is correct 遗嘱检验；遗嘱认证
• Before probate can be granted , all business assets have to be identified and valued. 在遗嘱认证得到承认之前，所有的企业资产都必须进行鉴定并估价。
Australian legal * death duty
UK ['prəʊ.beɪt] US ['proʊ-] verb transitive US legal
■to prove that a person's will has been made correctly and that the information it contains is correct 验证（遗嘱）的合法性

Word: prognostication
Front: prognostication
[prɒgˌnɒstɪˈkeɪʃn] (28705/37805)
Vocabulary: prognostication
(once / 10278 pages)
n
A prognostication is a prediction about the future. If you make gloomy prognostications about how much traffic there will be on the way home, you'll be pleasantly surprised to find the drive fast and easy.
Use the noun prognostication when someone's making a forecast or a guess about upcoming events. Your prognostication about whether or not it will rain tomorrow might lead to your family's picnic being cancelled. Another way to use the word is to mean a sign or portent: "I hope that black cat isn't a prognostication of bad luck!" The Latin root, prognostica, means "sign to forecast weather," and it comes from the Greek prognostikos, "foreknowing."
WORD FAMILY
prognostication: prognostications+/ prognosis: prognoses, prognostic, prognosticate /prognostic: prognostically, prognostics/ prognosticate: prognosticated, prognosticates, prognosticating, prognostication, prognosticative, prognosticator/prognosticative: nonprognosticative/prognosticator: prognosticators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Whether or not these dire prognostications prove correct, the fact they are being voiced is alarming.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Another lesson of the 2016 election: prognostication is a fool’s game.
The New Yorker(Dec 02, 2016)
Kayak, which searches multiple sources for airfares, offers price advice on trips where it has enough data to make a prognostication.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 预言
分布：预测(62%)，预言(23%)，前兆(10%)，预知(5%)
n. 预测；预言；预兆
 - prediction, forecast, warning, message

Word: prosthetics
Front: prosthetics
[prɒsˈθetɪks] (24312/-)
Back: n. 弥补术; 修复学; 装补学
分布：弥补术(59%)，修复术(41%)
→来自prosthesis,假肢，-ics,知识，学科。

Word: preservative
Front: preservative
[prɪˈzɜ:vətɪv] (托宝 17163/20370 -1)
Vocabulary: preservative
(once / 5866 pages)
adjn
Anything that's preservative keeps things alive, healthy, or fresh. Some cooks swear by the preservative powers of lemon juice, which can keep fruit tasting fresh and save avocado slices from turning brown.
Use preservative as an adjective — or a noun, for a chemical or other substance that keeps something from dying or breaking down. Food preservatives are sometimes added to make edible things last longer, and to items like medication and cosmetics, so they don't decay before you've finished using them. Preservative followed the verb preserve, which in the fourteenth century meant "to keep something safe."
WORD FAMILY
preservative: preservatives+/ preservation: preservationist, preservations, self-preservation/preservationist: preservationists/ preserve: preservable, preservation, preservative, preserved, preserver, preserves, preserving/preserver: preservers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Fat Grape, which makes only red wines and does not add sulfites, a preservative, offers free tastings; fatgrapewinery.com.
Seattle Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Orange blossom water is added for flavor and a splash of vodka or cognac as a preservative.
Seattle Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Most controversially, natural winemakers use little or no sulfur, a natural preservative that prevents the wine from going funky in the bottle.
Washington Post(Nov 05, 2016)
Back: n. 防腐剂; 预防法; 防护层
adj. 防腐的，（能）保存的; 储藏的; 有保护力的
分布：防腐剂(83%)，防腐的(5%)，预防法(5%)，有保存力的(3%)，保存的(3%)，预防药(1%)
→来自preserve,保护，保存。引申词义防腐剂。
防腐的(preserve保存)[-arive表形容词."有…倾向(性质)的"]
【记】源于：preserve（v 保护）
【参】reserve（v /n 储备）；conserve（v 保存）
US [-'zɝ:.və.tˌɪv] noun
countable or uncountable
■a substance used to prevent decay in wood （木材的）防腐剂，保护剂
• a timber/wood preservative 木材防腐剂
• The fence has been treated with preservative. 围栏经过防腐处理。
countable
■a chemical used to stop food from decaying （食品）防腐剂，保鲜剂
• This bread is completely free from artificial preservatives. 这种面包绝不含人工防腐剂。
• No added preservatives. 未添加任何防腐剂。
• natural preservatives 天然防腐剂
n. [助剂] 防腐剂；预防法；防护层
 - antiseptic agent, conserving agent
adj. [助剂] 防腐的；有保存力的；有保护性的
 - antirot, rotproof

Word: hoove
Front: hoove
[hu:v] None
Back: n. 家畜的臌胀症; 胃气胀
分布：家畜的鼓胀症(100%)

Word: impersonate
Front: impersonate
[ɪmˈpɜ:səneɪt] (托宝 18460/19941 -1)
Vocabulary: impersonate
(once / 2393 pages)
v
Impersonate means to pretend to be someone you're not. If you impersonate a bank teller in order to gain access to the money in the vault, you better hope nobody at the bank asks you any questions.
Impersonate comes from the Latin in and persona, meaning "to invest with a personality." It often is used to describe someone posing as someone else for criminal purposes, but you can also impersonate someone for comedic effect. You may have seen actors on television do this. They impersonate politicians and celebrities by wearing wigs and makeup and try to match the famous person's mannerisms and way of speaking as closely as possible.
WORD FAMILY
impersonate: impersonated, impersonates, impersonating, impersonation, impersonator+/ impersonation: impersonations/impersonator: impersonators/ persona: impersonate, personae, personas
USAGE EXAMPLES
Prosecutors say Cunha contacted her old firm and impersonated or pretended to be several people who held policies with that company.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Let’s turn our neighbours back into our neighbours, and turn our backs on those who impersonate them.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
The thieves impersonated more than 6,100 news and content publishers, stealing advertising revenue that marketers intended to run on those sites, White Ops said.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: vt. 扮演; 模仿; 拟人，人格化
adj. 被人格化了的; 体现…的
时态：impersonated, impersonating, impersonates
分布：模仿(51%)，扮演(39%)，假冒(10%)
→im-,进入，使，person,人。即变成另一个人的，冒充。
扮演,模仿(im+person人+ate→进入别人→扮演别人)[im-,in-①表示"不,无,非"②表示"向内,进入"]
【记】personate（vt 扮演；装扮）；person（n 人，角色）
【参】impersonator（n 演员；模拟名人的艺人）
US [-'pɝ:-] verb transitive
■to intentionally copy another person's characteristics, such as their behaviour, speech, appearance or expressions, especially to make people laugh （尤指为引人发笑）扮演，模仿
• She's the woman who impersonates the Queen on TV. 她是在电视上扮演女王的那个人。
■to attempt to deceive someone by pretending that you are another person 假冒，冒充
• He was fined for impersonating a police officer. 他因假冒员警而被罚款。
vt. 扮演；模仿；拟人，人格化
 - play, simulate, pattern, imitate

Word: insubstantial
Front: insubstantial
[ˌɪnsəbˈstænʃl] (宝 21275/19028)
Vocabulary: insubstantial
(once / 23498 pages)
adj
Insubstantial is an adjective that means lacking form, substance or nutritional value. If you're really hungry, a bowl of clear broth will seem pretty insubstantial.
If there is insubstantial evidence to convict an accused criminal, he will be set free. In the office, insubstantial expenses should be paid out of the petty cash draw. A thin blouse is too insubstantial to be worn in this cold weather. And a candy bar makes an insubstantial lunch — a sandwich and fruit would be more nutritious.
WORD FAMILY
insubstantial: insubstantiality, insubstantially+/insubstantiality: insubstantialities/ substance: substances, substantial / substantial: insubstantial, substantialer, substantiality, substantially, substantialness, unsubstantial/substantiality: substantialities/unsubstantial: unsubstantialise, unsubstantialize, unsubstantially/unsubstantialise: unsubstantialised
USAGE EXAMPLES
But instead he found himself face to face with none other than the insubstantial ghost of his old mentor.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
The idea of home, you see, is as tantalizingly insubstantial to Mr. Oliver as that of a father.
New York Times(Nov 01, 2016)
But what is it, this insubstantial, intangible inner… what, exactly?
The Guardian(Oct 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 无实体的，无实质的; 非实在的
分布：脆弱的(46%)，无实体的(40%)，非实质的(14%)
→in-,不，非，substantial,结实的，牢固的，实体的。
adjective
NOT ENOUGH 不够的
■not enough or not strong enough 不够的；不坚固的，脆弱的
• an insubstantial meal 吃不饱的一顿饭
• insubstantial evidence 不充分的证据
[ˌɪn.səb'stænt.ʃəl] [-'stɑ:n-] adjective
IMAGINARY 想像的 literary
■not existing as a physical person or thing; imaginary 非实体的；假想的，虚幻的
• She seemed somehow insubstantial - a shadow of a woman. 她好像并不真实存在似的——一个影子般的女人。
adj. 脆弱的；无实体的；幻想的，非真实的
 - tender, slight

Word: impressionable
Front: impressionable
[ɪmˈpreʃənəbl] (宝 20334/20484)
Vocabulary: impressionable
(once / 4694 pages)
adj
Someone who is impressionable is easily influenced. An impressionable person can be greatly changed by his or her experiences — not always in a good way.
When someone makes an impression on you, you remember them and are influenced by them. Likewise, someone impressionable is very susceptible to being influenced, almost like a sponge that soaks up ideas. This word almost always applies to kids who are often referred to as “young and impressionable." If you call someone impressionable, it usually implies that they could be easily led astray.
WORD FAMILY
impressionable: unimpressionable+/ impress: impressed, impresses, impressible, impressing, impression, impressive, impressment/ impressed: unimpressed/impressible: impressibly/ impression: impressionable, impressionistic, impressions/ impressionistic: impressionistically/ impressive: impressively, impressiveness, unimpressive/impressment: impressments/unimpressive: unimpressively
USAGE EXAMPLES
Arroyo and Bonnie Kramer, as an impressionable Jack and his beleaguered mother, offer up an endearing portrait of a folkloric child and parent at loggerheads.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
“This particular social activist is a very popular young lady and a lot of impressionable young people follow her,” he said of Ms. Zam.
New York Times(Dec 05, 2016)
In the new series, the dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald is a more pernicious and modern threat, who manipulates impressionable followers, the media and prominent politicians.
New York Times(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: adj. （人，尤指年轻人）易受影响的
分布：易受影响的(100%)
→来自impression,影响。尤指年青人易受到的影响。
often disapproving
adjective
■describes someone, usually a young person, who is very easily influenced by the people around them and by what they are told, and who sometimes copies other people's behaviour （通常指年轻人）易受影响的
• He's at that impressionable age when he's very easily led by other children. 他正处于那个易受影响的年龄，行为非常容易受其他孩子左右。
adj. 敏感的；易受影响的
 - sensitive, subtle

Word: integrator
Front: integrator
['ɪntɪgreɪtə] (22339/30157)
Back: n. 综合者
分布：积分器(79%)，综合者(12%)，合成者(9%)
n. [自] [数] 积分器； [电子] 积分电路；整合之人
 - integration circuit, integrating circuit

Word: irrefutable
Front: irrefutable
[ˌɪrɪˈfju:təbl] (20892/22718)
Vocabulary: irrefutable
(once / 11193 pages)
adj
Have you ever had to prove a point? If so, you probably needed to find evidence that could not be denied — that was absolutely true. That evidence would be considered irrefutable, impossible to disprove.
The adjective irrefutable comes from the Latin verb refutāre, "repel or beat," with the added negative prefix in-. Some things are simply irrefutable. These are things based in logic (if a=b and b=c, then a=c), or in fact (George Washington was the first president of the United States). But some things that are irrefutable, while maybe not logical, are simply not arguable, as when someone responds to "Why not?" with "Because I don't want to"!
WORD FAMILY
irrefutable: irrefutably+/refutable: irrefutable / refutation: refutations/ refute: refutable, refutation, refuted, refuter, refutes, refuting/refuter: refuters
USAGE EXAMPLES
At least one theory is irrefutable: Popular votes don’t decide presidential contests in this country; the electoral college does.
Salon(Jan 01, 2017)
I take these even knowing that irrefutable, scientifically established evidence for such benefits is lacking and I may be paying mightily for a placebo effect.
New York Times(Nov 21, 2016)
And while Mr. Macierewicz claimed over the years to have “irrefutable evidence” of explosives, his experts have yet to produce it.
New York Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 无可辩驳的，驳不倒的; 确凿; 无可争议
分布：不能反驳的(45%)，不能回答的(30%)，不可否认的(25%)
→ir-,不，非，refutable,可辩驳的。
无可反驳的(ir+refutable可反驳的)[il-,ir-①放在同辅音词根前表示"不,无"②表示"使…成为,进入"]
【记】refute（vt 驳倒；反驳）
US [-tˌə-] formal
adjective
■impossible to prove wrong 无可辩驳的，无可否认的
• an irrefutable argument 无可辩驳的论证
• irrefutable evidence of health risks 对健康造成威胁之无可辩驳的证据
adj. 不能驳倒的；不能回答的
 - unanswerable

Word: interracial
Front: interracial
[ˌɪntəˈreɪʃl] (11753/46248)
Back: adj. 人种间的，人种混合的
分布：人种混合的(75%)，不同种族间的(25%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，race,民族。
US [-tˌɚ-] adjective
■involving different human races 不同种族间的
• an interracial marriage/relationship 不同种族间的通婚／关系
• The government must act to stamp out interracial hatred and violence. 政府必须采取行动消除种族间的仇恨与暴力。

Word: jackal
Front: jackal
[ˈdʒækl] (20082/24130)
Back: n. 豺
分布：豺狼(37%)，走狗(27%)，胡狼(25%)，同谋(11%)
→来自土耳其语cakal,来自波斯语shaghal,来自梵语srgala-s,狼嚎，嚎叫，可能来自拟声词。
noun countable
■a wild animal like a dog that lives in Africa and southern Asia and eats animals which have died or been killed by others 豺，胡狼
n. [脊椎] 豺；走狗
 - running dog, henchman

Word: janitor
Front: janitor
[ˈdʒænɪtə(r)] (雅 11334/40302)
Vocabulary: janitor
(once / 3103 pages)
n
A janitor is someone whose job is cleaning and maintaining a building. If your school always looks clean and orderly, be sure to thank the janitor.
Another name for a janitor is a custodian, or in Britain, a caretaker. This job involves cleaning and caring for a school, hospital, apartment building, or workplace. Janitors may be responsible for cleaning bathrooms, hallways, and other common areas. Sometimes janitors will also sweep sidewalks, shovel snow, or do other outdoor maintenance. In the 16th century, a janitor was a "doorkeeper," from the Latin ianitor, "doorkeeper or porter," and the root ianua, "door."
WORD FAMILY
janitor: janitors
USAGE EXAMPLES
He studied there for at least five years, simultaneously working as the school janitor, before graduating in the 1930s.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
In 2013, stricken with arthritis, Ms. Thompson quit her job as a janitor.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Episode of the year: Start with the addictive first episode, in which Julian the janitor sets the scene.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 看门人; 看管房屋的人; 锅炉工
分布：管理员(48%)，门卫(34%)，门警(18%)
→来自拉丁语ianitor,看门人，词源同January.
看门人(jan门+itor)[-itor表名词"人"]
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable US and Scottish for caretaker (BUILDING WORKER)
n. 看门人；守卫；门警；幽门
 - guard, gatekeeper

Word: irkutsk

Word: lammy

Word: jeffersonian

Word: kawasaki
Front: kawasaki
[ˌkɑ:wɑ:ˈsɑ:ki:] (-/25001)
Back: 川崎（日本本州岛东南岸港市）

Word: kaduna

Word: laird
Front: laird
[leəd] (23925/16838)
Back: n. （苏格兰）地主，领主
[人名]莱尔德
分布：名词(100%)
→来自lord的苏格兰方言。
US [lerd] noun countable
■a Scottish man who owns a large area of land （苏格兰）地主
n. 领主，地主
 - landlord, seignior

Word: lemur
Front: lemur
[ˈli:mə(r)] (27452/37582)
Back: n. <动>狐猴
分布：狐猴(100%)
→来自拉丁语lemur,亡灵，死者灵魂，来自瑞典植物学家林奈命名，因这种狐猴昼伏夜出而得名。部分学者猜测是因为在马达加斯加传说中，狐猴是其祖先之魂，部分影响了林奈的命名。
US [-mɚ] noun countable
■a small animal similar to a monkey from Madagascar with thick fur and a long tail, which lives in trees and is active at night 狐猴

Word: levitate
Front: levitate
[ˈlevɪteɪt] (21330/34528 -1)
Vocabulary: levitate
(once / 19126 pages)
v
To levitate is to float in the air, defying gravity. It also means to cause something to do that. With a magnetic force — or a magic wand — you might be able to make your teacher levitate above your classroom.
Levitate comes from the Latin levis, meaning “light.” Something that is light can levitate easily. Magicians levitate things like pigs and snowmobiles and women as part of their shows. In architecture, certain structures can be raised or suspended so as to appear to levitate.
WORD FAMILY
levitate: levitated, levitates, levitating, levitation +/ levitation: levitations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Above him, lights in an enormous custom Leo Villareal LED sculpture levitated like bubbles of expensive champagne.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 19, 2016)
Rayonism predated Malevich’s levitating Suprematist abstractions, 14 examples of which lord it over the next gallery.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
At particularly dramatic moments, Gardner practically levitated off the podium, sometimes gripping his baton with both hands and flailing it as if wielding a weapon.
Seattle Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. （使）轻轻浮起; （使）飘浮空中
时态：levitated, levitating, levitates
分布：浮在空中(100%)
→来自拉丁语levare,升起，举起，词源同lever,light.引申词义使升空，漂浮。
使升在空中(lev+itate→使东西举起→升到空中)[lev,live=raise,lighten,表示"提高,举起,变轻"]
verb intransitive or transitive
■to (cause to) rise and float in the air without any physical support （使）飘浮

Word: lute
Front: lute
[lu:t] (23381/26506)
Back: n. 鲁特琴; 封泥; 古琵琶
分布：鲁特琴(58%)，古琵琶(14%)，水泥涂层(14%)，用泥封(14%)
→来自阿拉伯语。
noun countable
■a musical instrument which has a body with a round back and a flat top, a long neck and strings which are played with the fingers 诗琴，鲁特琴（拨弦乐器）

Word: loll
Front: loll
[lɒl] (雅宝 17433/16930)
Vocabulary: loll
(once / 2607 pages)
v
To loll means to hang around lazily without doing much at all. It's a great pleasure to loll about in the park instead of going to work. But your boss might have a problem with it.
Loll means to droop, or hang loosely. We usually use it to describe the behavior of hanging loosely, like lolling about on the beach reading a book. Sometimes it’s the perfect word for a drooping object. If you take your dog for a long run in the hot sun, its tongue will loll out of its mouth. If you fall asleep on the bus ride home, your head might loll onto your neighbor’s shoulder.
WORD FAMILY
loll: lolled, lolling, lolls
USAGE EXAMPLES
Their whiskery, puppy-like faces and lolling, seemingly serene behavior often delights onlookers.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
On one slope was an elephant seal rookery, with 500-pound juveniles lolling on the rocks.
Seattle Times(Dec 01, 2016)
He’s already been allowed to run around for a bit so he’s just lolling around now.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: vi. 懒洋洋地躺着[坐着、站着]; （头、舌等耷拉，下垂）; 懒洋洋地坐着（或躺着、站着）; 无所事事
时态：lolled, lolling, lolls
分布：伸出舌头(50%)，懒散地闲逛(50%)
→词源不详，可能来自拟声词，耷拉头的声音。
【记】源于：lull（v 使平静）
【参】lounge（n 闲逛；长沙发；v 闲荡；懒洋洋地躺卧）
【反】move vigorously（充满活力地走动）
US [lɑ:l] verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to lie, sit or hang down in a relaxed informal or uncontrolled way 懒散地躺／坐／吊着
• I spent most of the weekend lolling about/around on the beach. 周末的大部分时间我都懒洋洋地躺在海滩上。
• a dog with its tongue lolling out 伸着舌头的狗

Word: landfall
Front: landfall
[ˈlændfɔ:l] (18236/24770)
Vocabulary: landfall
(once / 15760 pages)
n
Landfall is the first glimpse of land when you're on a boat. It can also mean the moment your boat touches the shore, like when your kayak makes landfall on a remote island.
If you're traveling at sea, arriving at your destination is landfall. A child paddling a rowboat across a pond makes landfall when she reaches the far shore, and the captain of an ocean liner makes landfall at each remote stop on the route. A sailor might call out, "Landfall!" at the first sight of land on the horizon. The word landfall uses the sense of fall that means "happen."
WORD FAMILY
landfall: landfalls
USAGE EXAMPLES
Eleven officers pleaded guilty to charges related to deadly shootings on a bridge less than a week after Katrina’s landfall.
Washington Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Rain began battering the densely populated coast ahead of the storm's landfall.
Reuters(Dec 12, 2016)
A number of people are dead or missing in Costa Rica after Hurricane Otto made landfall as a Category Two storm.
BBC(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 着陆
分布：登陆(56%)，着陆(18%)，初见陆地(16%)，到达陆地(10%)
→land,土地，fall,滑落。即滑坡，同时也用于指着陆，特别是长期航海后回到陆地。
US [-fɑ:l] noun countable or uncountable
■(an arrival on) the first land that is reached or seen at the end of a journey across the sea or through the air （在海上或空中旅途中）到达（或见到）的第一块陆地
• Shannon Airport in Ireland was the first European landfall for airplanes flying from North America. 爱尔兰的香农机场是北美飞来的飞机进入欧洲的第一站。
n. 着陆； [水运] 初见陆地；到达陆地
 - touchdown, setdown

Word: lat
Front: lat
[lɑ:t] (25143/49399)
Back: n. 1940年前拉脱维亚的货币单位
分布：名词(100%)
noun uncountable written abbreviation for
■ latitude (POSITION) 位置

Word: manaus
Front: manaus
[mɑ:ˈnaus] (-/46665)
Back: 马瑙斯（巴西西北部城市）

Word: masonry
Front: masonry
[ˈmeɪsənri] (托 14873/11962)
Back: n. 石工工程，砖瓦工工程; 砖石建筑
分布：砖石建筑(63%)，石工行业(25%)，共济会(12%)
→来自mason,用砖瓦砌成，-ry,名词后缀。
noun uncountable
■the bricks and pieces of stone that are used to make a building （建筑上用的）砖，石材
• Several of the firefighters were injured by falling masonry. 几名消防员被下坠的砖石砸伤。
■the skill of building with brick and stone 石工技艺，砖瓦工技艺
n. 石工；石工行业； [建] 石造建筑
 - stoneworker

Word: materiel
Front: materiel
[məˌtɪərɪ'el] (24543/-)
Back: n. 物料，军品
分布：物资(59%)，装备(41%)
→来自material的法语形容词形式，后作为名词使用，引申词义武器装备。
n. （法）物资；军备
 - material assets, armament

Word: metallocene

Word: militarist
Front: militarist
['mɪlɪtərɪst] (30713/41574)
Back: n. 军国主义者，军事家
分布：军事家(55%)，军国主义者(45%)
US [-tˌə.rɪst] noun countable disapproving
■a person who wants more powerful armed forces in their country 军国主义者
n. 军事家；军国主义者
 - strategist

Word: multicellular
Front: multicellular
[mʌltɪ'seljʊlə] (托 31821/42403)
Vocabulary: multicellular
(once / 59997 pages)
adj
Something that's multicellular is a complex organism, made up of many cells. Humans are multicellular.
While single-celled organisms can't usually be seen without a microscope, you can see most multicelluar organisms with the naked eye. Plants and animals are multicellular — although they all, including humans, start as a single cell that reproduces into many. Multi means "many," and the Latin root of cellular is cellularis, "of little cells," from cella, "small room."
WORD FAMILY
cellular: cellularity, cellularly, intercellular, intracellular, multicellular, noncellular, unicellular +/ cell: cell-like, cells, cellular/cellularity: hypercellularity, hypocellularity
USAGE EXAMPLES
Plants and insects are the most diverse multicellular organisms on Earth, and they provide the foundation for most terrestrial food webs.
Washington Post(Nov 07, 2016)
When you consider the biology of cancer, it is no surprise to find it in early hominins or any form of multicellular life.
New York Times(Aug 22, 2016)
Over millions of years, they might evolve into multicellular organisms, and, perhaps eventually, plants and animals.
Science Magazine(Sep 09, 2016)
Back: adj. 多细胞的
分布：多细胞的(100%)
US [-tˌi'sel.jə.lɚ] adjective specialized
■A multicellular organism is made of many cells. 多细胞的
• Some green algae are multicellular. 一些绿藻是多细胞生物。
Compare unicellular
adj. [生物] 多细胞的；多空隙的
 - pluricellular, cellulous

Word: mislay
Front: mislay
[ˌmɪsˈleɪ] (33589/20273)
Vocabulary: mislay
(once / 48841 pages)
v
If you mislay something, you lose it temporarily. People who tend to mislay their house keys sometimes hide an extra key under a rock near the front door.
If you mislay your cell phone inside, you can ask your brother to call your number. If your grandmother mislays her hearing aid, you'll have to shout and gesture until she finds it again. Mislay implies that you've put the lost object down somewhere, and you'll find it again soon. The word adds the "bad" or "wrong" prefix mis- to lay, from the Old English lecgan, "to place on the ground."
WORD FAMILY
mislay: mislayed, mislaying, mislays+/interlayer: interlayers/ lay: laily, laity, layer, laying, lays, mislay, overlay, underlay / layer: interlayer, layered, layering, layers/laying: layings/ overlay: overlaid, overlayed, overlayer, overlaying, overlays/overlayer: overlayers/ underlay: underlaid, underlayed, underlaying, underlayment, underlays
USAGE EXAMPLES
Adjournments are common because police fail to provide evidence, mislay case files, or simply fail to bring prisoners to court at the right time.
Economist(Jul 30, 2015)
If you’re easily offended or confused, mislay this book and go back to “All the Light We Cannot See.”
Washington Post(May 12, 2015)
But after four cocktails the Coney Island jackanapes started to mislay its manners.
BBC(Aug 22, 2014)
Back: vt. 把（东西）放在记不起来的地方
时态：mislaid, mislaying, mislays
分布：遗失(60%)，随意搁置(40%)
→mis-,坏的，错的，不好的，lay,放置。
(mislaid, mislaid)
verb transitive
■to lose something temporarily by forgetting where you have put it 一时找不到；忘记把…放在何处
• Could I borrow a pen? I seem to have mislaid mine. 我能借一支钢笔吗？我好像忘记把我的放在哪里了。
vt. 放错；遗失
 - lose

Word: mirth
Front: mirth
[mɜ:θ] (宝 21285/15358)
Vocabulary: mirth
(once / 467 pages)
n
Mirth is a formal or literary term meaning fun and enjoyment as shown by laughter. If you and your friends stayed up all night at a sleepover laughing, you might refer to that as a night of mirth.
In 1905, Edith Wharton published a novel "The House of Mirth," whose title derives from Ecclesiastes: "The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning; but the heart of fools is in the house of mirth." But studies show that when human beings laugh, smile or otherwise engage in mirthful activity, our brains release hormones that help us live longer. Mirth may be foolish, but it's good for you.
WORD FAMILY
mirth: mirthful, mirthless, mirths+/mirthful: mirthfulest, mirthfully, mirthfulness/mirthless: mirthlessly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The message, as always on this show, is served with a brash brand of mirth.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Hammy as ever, festooned with zany skits and musical tidbits and tinseled with satire, the show is spreading mirth at ACT Theatre through Christmas Eve.
Seattle Times(Dec 19, 2016)
But it fostered a whole industry of mirth populated with cultural figures from hack jokesters to respectable writers slumming it as humorists.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. <书>欢乐，欢笑
分布：欢笑(55%)，欢乐(45%)
→来自merry,欢乐的，-th,名词后缀。
欢乐,高兴(mir＋th惊喜状态→欢乐)[mir=wonder,look,表示"惊奇,看"]
欢乐(mir快乐+th)[-th表名词,通常指抽象名词]
【记】mir惊奇，th死：令人惊奇的死亡，笑死了。
【参】mirthless（adj 忧郁的）
US [mɝ:θ] noun uncountable literary
■laughter, humour or happiness 欢笑；欢乐，高兴
• Her impersonations of our teachers were a source of considerable mirth. 她对老师的模仿给大家带来了莫大的欢乐。
n. 欢笑；欢乐；高兴
 - joy, festival

Word: mommy
Front: mommy
[ˈmɒmi] (9690/47154)
Back: n. <儿>妈咪
分布：妈咪(100%)
→来自mamma昵称。
US ['mɑ:.mi] noun countable
 IMPROVER US informal for
■ mummy (MOTHER)
n. 妈咪
 - mammy

Word: newsman
Front: newsman
[ˈnju:zmæn] (18063/26458)
Back: n. 新闻记者
分布：新闻记者(100%)
N-COUNT
新闻记者;报纸撰稿人
A newsman is a journalist for a newspaper or for a television or radio news programme.
例：As the pictures flashed on the screen, the newsman continued talking.随着屏幕上图片的切换，记者继续报道。
n. 新闻记者；送报者
 - news reporter, ragger

Word: nene

Word: muni

Word: niigata

Word: nourishment
Front: nourishment
[ˈnʌrɪʃmənt] (六托雅 14745/14274 -1)
Back: n. 食物; 滋养品，营养品; “nourish”的派生
分布：营养(84%)，养料(12%)，滋养品(4%)
→来自nourish,滋养。
US ['nɝ:-] noun uncountable
■food that someone needs to make them grow and keep them healthy 含有营养的食物；养分
• Young babies obtain all the nourishment they need from their mother's milk. 幼儿从母乳中汲取所需的营养。
n. 食物；营养品；滋养品
 - nutrition, diet, eating

Word: multiplication
Front: multiplication
[ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃn] (六 16434/12748)
Vocabulary: multiplication
(once / 2420 pages)
n
In math, multiplication is when you add a number to itself a certain number of times. The multiplication of 3 times 2 gives you an answer of 6. if you put two bunnies in a cage and end up with six, that's a different type of multiplication.
Multiplication falls under the mathematical category of arithmetic, and it's usually taught after addition and subtraction. When you memorize your times tables in school, you're learning multiplication. In science, the word multiplication is sometimes used to talk about the increase of an organism through generations of reproducing, like the multiplication of a farmer's sheep flock as more lambs are born. The Latin root word is multiplicare, "to increase."
WORD FAMILY
multiplication: multiplications+/ multiple: multiples, multiplicity, multiply /multiplicative: multiplicatively/ multiplicity: multiplicities/multiplier: multipliers/ multiply: multiplication, multiplicative, multiplied, multiplier, multiplies, multiplying
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s about the endless multiplication of vested interests that taxpayers and consumers are forced to support in our supposedly free society.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 09, 2016)
“One day when we all got in the car for a short trip, he blurted out ‘teach me multiplication.’”
Washington Times(Nov 21, 2016)
In class, they balance course loads that include drilling multiplication tables and writing kanji characters.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 增加，增殖，倍增; [数]乘法，乘法运算
分布：乘法运算(39%)，繁殖(31%)，增加(30%)
→来自multiply,乘。引申词义乘法。
N-UNCOUNT
乘法;乘法运算
Multiplication is the process of calculating the total of one number multiplied by another.
例：There will be simple tests in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.会有对加、减、乘、除运算的简单测试。
N-UNCOUNT
(数量方面的)增加，增多
The multiplication of things of a particular kind is the process or fact of them increasing in number or amount.
例：Increasing gravity is known to speed up the multiplication of cells.我们知道不断增加的引力会加速细胞的分裂。
n. [数] 乘法；增加
 - enhancement, increase, gain, rise

Word: occult
Front: occult
[ ə'kʌlt] (宝 18836/16624 -1)
Vocabulary: occult
(once / 1553 pages)
1nadj 2vadj
Dark and mysterious, the occult is a kind of supernatural power or magic. If you see your neighbor chanting over a giant vat of bubbling brew in the middle of the night, there's a chance he's dabbling in the occult.
The word occult has its roots in the Latin occultus, meaning “hidden, secret.” That's why it can also be used as both a noun referring to black magic and an adjective meaning "difficult to see." Quipped the famous physicist Heinz Pagels, “I like to browse in occult bookshops if for no other reason than to refresh my commitment to science.”
WORD FAMILY
occult: occultation, occulted, occulter, occulting, occultism, occultly, occults+/occultation: occultations/occultism: occultist/occultist: occultists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Though it’s a foundational text of the occult Rosicrucian Order, “The Chemical Wedding” interests Crowley mostly as an account of “truly bizarre and surprising events.”
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Doctor Strange added mysticism and the occult to the storyline, further recharging the novelty of the series.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
The sensitivity of these performances is all the more remarkable considering the level of occult tumult around them.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: abbr. optical covert communications using laser transceiver 采用激光收发机的隐蔽光通信
时态：occulted, occulting, occults
分布：神秘的(42%)，神秘学(32%)，超自然的(21%)，不可思议的(5%)
→oc-,在上，表强调，-cul,隐藏，覆盖，词源同hole,cellar,hell.即隐藏的，覆盖的，引申词义神秘的，玄妙的。
奥秘的,神秘的(oc+cult教派→在教派内不让别人知道→奥秘的)[cult=till,表示"耕种,培养"]
【记】读：我kao他－这是一件不能公开的事情。
【反】bare（adj 赤裸的；露出的）；patent（adj 特许的；显著的）；fathomable（adj 看得透的）；manifest（adj 显然的）
US [ɑ:'kʌlt] adjective
■relating to magical powers and activities, such as those of witchcraft and astrology 有魔力的，神秘的；玄妙的
• She claims to have occult powers , given to her by some mysterious spirit. 她声称拥有某一神秘精灵赐予的神秘魔力。
UK ['ɒk.ʌlt/ UK [-'-] US [ɑ:'kʌlt] noun
the occult only singular
■the study of magic or mysterious powers 玄学，神秘学
adj. 神秘的；超自然的；难以理解的
 - mysterious, arcane
vt. 掩蔽
 - screen

Word: overtax
Front: overtax
[ˌəʊvəˈtæks] (托 25504/36409)
Back: vt. 使负担过重，使过度疲劳; 对…征税过重
时态：overtaxed, overtaxing, overtaxes
分布：课税过重(34%)，负担过度(33%)，使工作过度(33%)
→over-,超过，过度，tax,税收，收税。
US [ˌoʊ.vɚ-] verb transitive
MONEY 钱
■to demand too much tax from someone or to put too much tax on goods 对…征税过重，对…课税过多
• I've been overtaxed this month. 这个月要我缴的税过多了。
• Food should not be overtaxed. 对食品不应该课税过重。
UK [ˌəʊ.və'tæks] US [ˌoʊ.vɚ-] verb transitive
DIFFICULTY 困难
■to cause to feel tired or confused as a result of doing too much or doing something too difficult 使负担过重，使超负荷工作；对…要求过高
• [R] Remember you've been ill, and don't overtax your self. 记住你正生病，别劳累过度。
• This problem is overtaxing my brain. 这个问题真是把我难住了。

Word: padre
Front: padre
[ˈpɑ:dreɪ] (19108/27115)
Back: n. 神父，<俚>随军牧师
分布：牧师(42%)，神父(34%)，随军牧师(24%)
→来自拉丁语pater,父亲，词源同father,paternal.引申词义牧师，神父等。
US [-dri] noun countable
■a Christian priest, especially in the armed forces （尤指随军的）牧师，神父
n. 神父；随军牧师
 - father, priest

Word: obstructionist
Front: obstructionist
[əb'strʌkʃənɪst] (26184/-)
Back: n. 故意妨碍议案通过者
分布：妨碍者(100%)
n. 妨碍者；蓄意阻挠者
 - preventer, interceptor

Word: pager
Front: pager
[ˈpeɪdʒə(r)] (13950/27347)
Back: n. 寻呼机
分布：呼机(62%)，寻呼机(38%)
→来自page,呼叫，传呼。
US [-dʒɚ] (UK also bleeper) (US also beeper)
noun countable
■a small device that you carry or wear, which moves or makes a noise to tell you that someone wants you to telephone them 传呼机；无线电呼叫器
n. 寻呼机，呼机
 - Beep-Pager

Word: oxidation
Front: oxidation
[ˌɒksɪ'deɪʃn] (18886/17458)
Vocabulary: oxidation
(once / 6376 pages)
n
An apple gone brown on the counter or a penny turned green over years have both gone through the process of oxidation, or exposure to air, which changes their properties — including color.
Oxidation is a word used to describe what happens when metal rusts or starts to disintegrate over time with exposure to air. But the process of oxidation — a word that looks very much like the word oxygen — isn't limited only to metals. Bananas turn brown over time because of the oxidation process. If you see an old car crumbling from all its rust, it's seen its fair share of the oxidation process.
WORD FAMILY
oxidation: oxidations+/oxidate: oxidated, oxidating, oxidation, oxidative
USAGE EXAMPLES
Such defects probably accelerate oxidation, so coatings could be improved by patching up imperfections and growing films with fewer defects, the authors suggest.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
This Great Oxidation Event transformed Earth and made intelligent life possible.
Nature(Nov 01, 2016)
Such a tiny, ordinary, simple thing to be utopian, futuristic—though its blue-green oxidation might incline one to imagine great antiquity.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: n. 氧化
分布：名词(100%)
N-UNCOUNT
氧化（作用）
Oxidation is a process in which a chemical substance changes because of the addition of oxygen.
例：Carbon dioxide is a necessary result of the oxidation of carbon compounds.碳化合物氧化后必然会产生二氧化碳。
n. [化学] 氧化
 - combustion, oxydation