Title: TheEconomist_1W8-2W

Word: panglossian

Word: pinball
Front: pinball
[ˈpɪnbɔ:l] (19898/37320)
Back: n. 钉球戏，弹球戏; 球针状插
分布：弹球游戏(89%)，快速移动(11%)
→pin,钉子，销子，ball,球。一种室内游戏。
US [-bɑ:l] noun uncountable
■a game played on a special machine like a large box on legs in which the player keeps a small ball bouncing between devices to win points 弹球游戏

Word: piedmont
Front: piedmont
['pi:dmənt] (27740/36307)
Back: n. 山麓地带
adj. 山麓的
分布：名词(57%)，形容词(43%)

Word: papyrus
Front: papyrus
[pəˈpaɪrəs] (宝 23504/26007)
Vocabulary: papyrus
(once / 3298 pages)
n
The word "paper" comes from papyrus, which is "the paper plant, or paper made from it." When the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans wanted to jot something down, they used papyrus.
Papyrus plants used to grow all over the Nile Delta in Egypt, which is why it was so popular with the King Tut set. They used it to make everything from mattresses to sandals, but papyrus is mostly famous as the thick paper ancient Egyptians wrote important documents on, like, say, a note from Cleopatra. It also refers to the paper itself, like the recently discovered papyrus of Cleopatra, on which she wrote "make it happen." Yes ma'am.
WORD FAMILY
papyrus: papyri, papyruses
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the first of these, Dejan investigates several inexplicable deaths at the Papyrus Bookshop.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
A strong smell hangs in the air - a swam of flies buzzes off dead goats in a kraal, or compound, fenced with papyrus reeds.
BBC(Dec 02, 2016)
Many artefacts — such as Egyptian mummies and delicate papyrus — are fragile and must be insured at high cost if they are to travel long distances.
Nature(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 纸莎草; 纸莎草纸
分布：纸莎草(64%)，纸草(28%)，草制成之纸(8%)
→来自拉丁语papyrus,纸莎草，纸莎草制的纸。最终来自埃及语。
【记】源于：paper
【参】papyrology（n 纸莎草学；古代文稿研究学）
US [-'paɪ-] (plural papyruses or papyri)
noun countable or uncountable
■a tall plant like a grass that grows in or near water, especially in North Africa, or paper made from this plant, especially by ancient Egyptians （尤指北非的）纸莎草，（尤指古埃及人制造的）纸莎草纸

Word: physiognomy
Front: physiognomy
[ˌfɪziˈɒnəmi] (26551/36470)
Vocabulary: physiognomy
(once / 2648 pages)
n
The word physiognomy means the look of your face. When traveling in Italy, you may be struck by the wide eyes and pleasing physiognomy of the Italian people you meet.
The reason physiognomy sounds like it should be something you study in school right after biology, geometry, and astronomy is that people used to think that it was a science by which you could tell someone's character through their facial features. If you've ever read any Nancy Drew stories, you will know how this plays out––anyone with "shifty eyes" is not to be trusted.
WORD FAMILY
physiognomy: physiognomies
USAGE EXAMPLES
When my parents lived in the Soviet Union, having a Jewish-looking “physiognomy,” as it was called, proved a daily liability.
The New Yorker(Nov 13, 2016)
Suddenly, he says, it “received its own spirit, its own life, its own definite and clearly expressed physiognomy.”
The New Yorker(Oct 24, 2016)
It also reflects Victorian England’s preoccupation with the pseudosciences of phrenology and physiognomy.
Slate(Apr 05, 2016)
Back: n. 人相学; 脸; 相面术
分布：地貌(59%)，外貌(26%)，相面术(15%)
→来自希腊语physiognomia,相面，由人的身体特征判断本性和性格，来自physo-,身体，躯体，gnomon,判断，词源同know,gnomic.因人的身体特征主要在于相貌，引申词义容貌，相貌。
【记】physi＝physical（adj 身体的），ognomy－根据身体判断性格－相面术
US [-'ɑ:.nə-] formal
noun uncountable
■the physical appearance of the face 相貌，容貌
n. [地理] 地貌； [植] 外貌；面相； [心理] 相面术
 - aspect, colour, exterior

Word: progressivism
Front: progressivism
[prəuˈɡresivizəm] (26927/47146)
Back: n. 进步主义，革新论
分布：进步主义(73%)，革新论(27%)

Word: pointy
Front: pointy
[ˈpɔɪnti] (18637/35570)
Back: adj. 有尖头的，尖的
级别：pointier, pointiest
分布：非常尖的(67%)，有明显尖状突出部分的(33%)
US [-tˌi] informal
adjective
■shaped into a point 有尖头的
• She was wearing a pointy hat. 她戴着一顶尖帽。
adj. 尖的；非常尖的
 - spiked, cuspidate

Word: prudish
Front: prudish
[ˈpru:dɪʃ] (宝 32927/33141)
Vocabulary: prudish
(once / 10332 pages)
adj
To be prudish is to be extremely proper, almost a little too proper. To be called prudish isn't a compliment.
To be proper is to be polite and have good manners. To be prudish is to take being proper to an exaggerated or ridiculous degree. For example, it's definitely a bad idea to use a naughty word in class, but a friend who scolds you when you use it privately could be considered prudish. They're going a little too far. Prudish behavior is also called priggish, prim, prissy, puritanical, and straight-laced. Others usually think prudish people should lighten up.
WORD FAMILY
prudish: prudishest, prudishly, prudishness+/ prude: prudery, prudes, prudish /prudery: pruderies
USAGE EXAMPLES
“In my own life I’m very prudish about my body, or at least I have been in the past,” Mulligan has said.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
It’s the most prudish place in the world, actually, at least according to a 2008 survey cited by the South China Morning Post.
Time(Nov 11, 2016)
My friends would agree I’m the last person to be prudish.
The Guardian(Nov 05, 2016)
Back: adj. 过分拘谨的
adv. 过分拘谨地
分布：过分拘谨的(61%)，装规矩的(26%)，过份规矩的(13%)
→来自prude,大惊小怪的人，-ish,形容词后缀。

Word: primus

Word: quantifiable
Front: quantifiable
['kwɒntɪfaɪəbl] (21739/19971)
Back: adj. 可以计量的
分布：可以计量的(50%)，可量化的(50%)
US ['kwɑ:n.tˌə-] adjective
■able to be measured 可度量的
• The benefits of the new policy are not easily quantifiable. 新政策所带来的好处不容易量化。

Word: punditry
Front: punditry
['pʌndɪtrɪ] (33496/-)
Back: n. 专家（或权威等）的学问（或方法、见解）

Word: pursuer
Front: pursuer
[pəˈsju:ə(r)] (17071/15815)
Vocabulary: pursuer
(once / 916 pages)
n
A pursuer is someone who is chasing someone or something. You could be a pursuer of truth and beauty, or perhaps a pursuer of the kid who took your lunch money.
To pursue is to chase something, like a dog pursuing a squirrel. In that situation, the dog is a pursuer. Someone who’s trying to ask someone else out on a date is a pursuer. When the police are on a manhunt for a criminal, the police are pursuers. You could also say someone is a pursuer of a goal, like a pursuer of a medical degree. All pursuers want something and they're going after it.
WORD FAMILY
pursuer: pursuers+/ pursuant: pursuantly/ pursue: pursuance, pursuant, pursued, pursuer, pursues, pursuing, pursuit / pursuit: pursuits
USAGE EXAMPLES
Smith became a dogged pursuer of information about the company, looking far and wide.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Carroll is believed to have driven away from his pursuers and headed back to the club's Rush Green training ground.
BBC(Nov 02, 2016)
Never once had she given her pursuers any reason to think her a traitor.
Time(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: n. 追赶者; 追捕者; 追求者; 从事者
分布：追赶者(55%)，追求者(45%)
US [pɚ'su:.ɚ] noun countable
FOLLOWING 追赶
■someone who is chasing you 追赶者，追捕者；追求者
• She made a sudden right turn off the road in order to escape her pursuers. 她突然向右转驶离公路，以甩掉跟踪她的人。
• figurative The team are ten points ahead of their closest pursuers in the league. 该队在联赛中领先紧随的对手十分。
UK [pə'sju:.ər] US [pɚ'su:.ɚ] noun countable
ATTEMPT 试图
■someone who is trying to achieve something 追求者
• He described himself as a pursuer of truth and justice. 他把自己说成是个追求真理和正义的人。
n. 追求者；追捕者；研究者；原告
 - plaintiff, investigator

Word: psychoanalyst
Front: psychoanalyst
[ˌsaɪkəʊˈænəlɪst] (20053/23965)
Back: n. 精神分析学家; 心理分析学家
分布：精神分析学家(100%)

Word: pylori

Word: reallocate
Front: reallocate
[ˌri:ˈæləkeɪt] (25674/24906)
Vocabulary: reallocate
(once / 48243 pages)
v
To distribute something again is to reallocate. If one kindergarten classroom has too many crayons and another kindergarten class doesn't have enough, the school may want to reallocate the art supplies.
If some resource needs to be handed out again in a different way, you'll have to reallocate it. Noticing that some of your party guests have two goody bags but several didn't even get one will inspire you to reallocate the party favors in a more fair way. Governments often find themselves in the position of having to reallocate money, resources, or services.
WORD FAMILY
reallocate: reallocated, reallocates, reallocating, reallocation+/ allocate: allocable, allocatable, allocated, allocates, allocating, allocation, allocator, reallocate / allocation: allocations/allocator: allocators/reallocation: reallocations
USAGE EXAMPLES
We are contracting ships; government money is being reallocated from other budgets.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
It also called for reallocating that savings to troops and weapons.
New York Times(Dec 06, 2016)
For the military, the major allure of the study was that it called for reallocating the $125 billion for troops and weapons.
Washington Post(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: v. 再分配，再指派
时态：reallocated, reallocating, reallocates
分布：再分配(60%)，再指派(40%)

Word: refreshment
Front: refreshment
[rɪˈfreʃmənt] (研四六托雅 14418/7812 -1)
Back: n. 提神，精神恢复; 提神物; 点心，茶点
分布：恢复(58%)，精神爽快(14%)，提神之事物(14%)，茶点.(14%)
→来自 refresh,恢复。比喻用法。
n.(pl.)点心,饮料;精力恢复,爽快A hot bath is a great refreshment after a day's work.在一天工作之后洗个热水澡真是舒畅.
[rɪ'freʃ.mənt] (also refreshments)
noun countable or uncountable
■(small amounts of) food and drink 茶点；点心和饮料
• He stopped at a bar for a little refreshment. 他在一家小吃店前停下买些点心饮料。
• Light refreshments will be available at the back of the hall. 会堂后面将会供应简单的茶点。
n. 点心；起提神作用的东西；精力恢复
 - dimsum, mug-up

Word: rehire

Word: resupply
Front: resupply
[ˌri:səˈplaɪ] (26755/-)
Back: v. 再供给，再补给
分布：再补给(56%)，再供应(44%)
→re-,再，重新，supply,供给。
vt. 再补给；再供应
 - reoffer
vi. 再补给；再供应
 - revictual

Word: recherche
Front: recherche
[rəˈʃeəʃeɪ] (-/28671)
Vocabulary: recherche
(once / 24122 pages)
adj
Something that's recherche is very fancy, and maybe a little bit rare. Taking an elegant ocean liner from New York to France would be a recherche way to travel.
Language can be recherche, when it's especially complicated. If you're writing a story and instead of "She said," you write "She opined" or "She emoted," your style is fairly recherche. And if everyone at a party is wearing jeans, but you wear a tuxedo, your outfit is recherche. In French, recherché means "carefully sought out," from chercher, "to search."
WORD FAMILY
recherche: rechercher
USAGE EXAMPLES
For all their recherché qualities, Mr. Renoird and his partner are decidedly warm and friendly.
New York Times(Jun 19, 2015)
The poems are full of allusions, recherché terms, and baroque devices.
The New Yorker(Jun 01, 2015)
But he’s equally at home with more recherché films as well.
New York Times(May 18, 2015)
Back: adj. <法>罕有的; 精选的; 太讲究的; 矫揉造作的
分布：精选的(37%)，珍贵的(27%)，矫揉造作的(27%)，过分讲究的(9%)
→来自法语 recherche,仔细搜寻，来自 re-,再，重新，chercher,搜寻，来自拉丁语 circare,环形搜 索，词源同 circle,circus.引申词义矫揉造作的，故作艰深的。
adj. 精心设计的；异国风味的；精选的；矫揉造作的
 - precious, picked, choice, chosen, select

Word: roadwork
Front: roadwork
['rəʊdˌwɜ:k] (38320/16680)
Back: n. 长跑运动训练
分布：道路维修施工(50%)，长跑运动训练(50%)

Word: rower
Front: rower
[ˈrəʊə(r)] (22889/27019)
Back: n. 划船者，划手
分布：桨手(56%)，划手(44%)
→row,划，划船，-er,人。
n. 桨手
 - oar

Word: rollback
Front: rollback
[ˈrəʊlbæk] (20628/-)
Back: n. 反转，压价
分布：回降(67%)，击退(33%)
n. 卷回；反转；（物价、利率等的）回降
 - reversal, reversing rotation

Word: rimmed
Front: rimmed
[rɪmd] (28739/- -1)
Back: adj. 有边缘的，有框的
v. 沿…边缘滚动; 给…镶边
分布：有边缘的(51%)，有框的(33%)，动词rim的过去式和过去分词.(16%)
adj. 有框的；有边缘的
 - marginatus

Word: riddance
Front: riddance
[ˈrɪdns] (23782/34142)
Vocabulary: riddance
(once / 11098 pages)
n
Riddance is the act of getting rid of something. People say "Good riddance!" when they're happy someone or something is gone.
When you're rid of something, it's gone. You're rid of a cold when it's over. Similarly, riddance is the action of getting rid of something. The police are dedicated to the riddance of crime. Librarians want riddance of noise so people can read. If you have bugs where you live, you're going to be interested in their riddance: they will have to be exterminated. Good riddance!
WORD FAMILY
riddance: riddances+/ rid: riddance, ridded, ridding, rids
USAGE EXAMPLES
The cleansing power of fire is exactly what we need to say good riddance to this relentlessly dreadful year.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
The general sentiment seems to be: Good riddance to this year.
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
While most people just wrote down their “good riddance” items on a piece of paper, others brought actual paper documents.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. （用以表示庆幸的感叹）谢天谢地，总算摆脱了
分布：摆脱(80%)，除去(20%)
→来自 rid,摆脱，-ance,名词后缀。
['rɪd.ənts] informal
noun
good riddance (to bad rubbish)
■said when you are pleased that a bad or unwanted thing or person, or something of poor quality, has gone 总算摆脱了，终于走掉了
• We've got rid of the old computer system, and good riddance to bad rubbish is what I say. 我们已经卸掉了旧的电脑系统，我得说谢天谢地，可算是去掉了大包袱。
n. 摆脱；驱逐；解除
 - shake-off, defusion

Word: sarcophagus
Front: sarcophagus
[sɑ:ˈkɒfəgəs] (21710/25416)
Vocabulary: sarcophagus
(once / 3790 pages)
n
If you want to go out in style, buy yourself a sarcophagus — a very fancy coffin usually decorated with elaborate carvings. If King Tut could arrange it, so can you!
Sarcophagus comes from the Greek word sarkophagos meaning "limestone used for coffins." But the Greek literally translates to mean "flesh-eating." Seems a bit gruesome, doesn't it? This translation makes sense when you figure that limestone was used in coffins because it quickly decomposed the body. These stone coffins are usually decorated with a sculpture or inscription and date back to the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Rome, and Greece.
WORD FAMILY
sarcophagus: sarcophagi, sarcophaguses
USAGE EXAMPLES
A few months later, Dutch museum curators were shocked to see the bodies of 47 mummified infant crocodiles lining the walls of a sarcophagus.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
Officials had long feared that the sarcophagus, always a makeshift solution, could someday collapse and expose a vast stretch of Europe to new contamination.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
The structure covers the reactor and the unstable sarcophagus hastily built by Soviet authorities in the immediate aftermath of the disaster 30 years ago.
The Guardian(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: n. 石棺
分布：石棺(100%)
→来自拉丁语 sarcophagus,石棺，来自希腊语 sarkophagos,石棺，石灰石制成的棺材，字面意思 为吃肉者，来自 sarx,肉，phagein,吃，词源同 anthropology,geophagy.比喻用法，因石灰石能 快速分解躯体。
US [sɑ:r'kɑ:.fə-] (plural sarcophaguses or sarcophagi)
noun countable
■a stone coffin , which was used in ancient times and is often decorated （常有纹饰的古代）石棺
n. （雕刻精美的）石棺；（古希腊人用来制石棺的）大理石
 - marble, mable

Word: sherwood

Word: shakeout
Front: shakeout
['ʃeɪkˌaʊt] (25917/-)
Back: n. 轻度经济衰退，股票市场震动; 落砂; 摊平
分布：行业调整；人员改组(34%)，同shake-out.(33%)，抖出(33%)
noun countable usually singular
■a situation in which people lose their jobs, or companies stop doing business, because of economic difficulties 萧条，衰退
• The shakeout in the labour market after Christmas usually makes January a bad month for unemployment. 圣诞节之后，劳动市场的衰退通常会加剧一月份的失业状况。
• There has been a shakeout of inefficient corporations. 一些效率低下的公司被淘汰。
n. [机] 落砂；轻度经济衰退；股票市场暴跌
 - ramoff

Word: segregationist
Front: segregationist
[ˌsegrɪˈgeɪʃənɪst] (22280/-)
Vocabulary: segregationist
(once / 16147 pages)
n
Someone who believes that people of different races shouldn't live, work, or go to school together is a segregationist.
As the laws about racial segregation have changed, it's become less and less socially acceptable to openly be a segregationist. Before the 1950s, there were many white segregationists who actively opposed the integration of schools, workplaces, and neighborhoods, and until 1967 it was still illegal for black and white people to marry each other in some US states. Segregationist comes from the Latin root segregare, "set apart, isolate, or divide."
WORD FAMILY
segregationist: segregationists+/desegregate: desegregated, desegregates, desegregating, desegregation / segregate: desegregate, segregated, segregates, segregating, segregation, segregator/ segregated: nonsegregated, unsegregated/ segregation: segregationism, segregations/segregationism: segregationist /segregator: segregators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Those segregationist rules and norms—and the personal attitudes and actions that sustained them—are unfolded with a clear, forceful, analytical, and unstinting specificity.
The New Yorker(Dec 23, 2016)
The day ended when he sat down to dinner each night with his father, an avowed segregationist.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Would Southern electors choose the faithless route, supporting a segregationist candidate instead?
Time(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: n. 隔离主义者
分布：隔离主义者(100%)
→segregation,隔离政策，-ist,人。

Word: slater

Word: soothsayer
Front: soothsayer
[ˈsu:θseɪə(r)] (27676/40906)
Vocabulary: soothsayer
(once / 5164 pages)
n
A soothsayer is someone who can foretell the future. If the convincing soothsayer at the state fair tells you you'll soon meet someone tall, dark, and handsome, you'll probably keep your eye out for someone who fits that description.
A fortune teller is also known as a soothsayer, or someone who claims to be able to predict the future. Long ago, a soothsayer might have been considered a useful consultant, even for a government, but today soothsayers are more likely to be scoffed at. Still, there are many soothsayers who have successful businesses telling people's fortunes and giving advice. Soothsayer comes from the Old English word for "truth," combined with "say," together meaning "an act of speaking the truth."
WORD FAMILY
soothsayer: soothsayers
USAGE EXAMPLES
In Hermann Hesse’s book “Siddhartha,” from 1922, the river is a mirror that reflects or reveals challenging truths—a numinous and unflinching soothsayer.
The New Yorker(Nov 15, 2016)
After all, this is a country where past leaders made crucial political decisions only after seeing their favorite soothsayers.
Seattle Times(Nov 14, 2016)
The existence of such an outfit is a reminder of how pervasive soothsayers and their like are in Asia.
Economist(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: n. 占卜者，预言家
分布：占卜者(54%)，预言者(46%)
→sooth,真实，事实，-say,说，-er,人。即说出事实真相的人，引申词义占卜者，预言家。
US [-ɚ] old use
noun countable
■a person who is believed to have the ability to know and tell what will happen in the future 预言家，占卜者
n. 算命者；预言者
 - prophet, mentalist

Word: somerville

Word: sorcery
Front: sorcery
[ˈsɔ:səri] (宝 17405/25153)
Vocabulary: sorcery
(once / 1205 pages)
n
Using spells, believing in evil spirits, and other examples of witchcraft are all part of sorcery. Sorcery is popular with wizards and witches and anyone else with a bubbling caldron.
The Latin sors for "fate" shows up in the word sorcery, which is a way to try to affect fate through unnatural, evil ways. If you've checked out any fantasy books or movies, you've probably seen sorcery in action, which is practiced by witches, warlocks, and members of the occult. Turning an annoying neighbor into a ferret would be an example of sorcery.
WORD FAMILY
sorcery: sorcerer, sorceries, sorcerise, sorcerize, sorcerous+/ sorcerer: sorcerers/sorcerize: sorcerized/sorcerous: sorcerously
USAGE EXAMPLES
The sorcery behind “Harry Potter and the Cursed Child” — the eighth story in the J.K.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 28, 2016)
"It says in the Bible have nothing to do with sorcery and witchcraft," Diane explains.
BBC(Nov 19, 2016)
But in any case, her glamour — in the old, root sense that aligns the word with sorcery and enchantment — is impossible to resist.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: n. 巫术，魔术; 魅力; 魔法; 妖术
分布：巫术(60%)，魔法(40%)
→来自古法语 sorcier,巫师，来自拉丁语 sortiarius,算命者，来自 sors,命运，抽签，抓阄，字面 意思为种类，分类，词源同 sort,分类，类型。-ery,名词后缀，表术。
【记】s，orc魔鬼，ery－魔法
【参】exorcise（v 驱邪；除怪）ex出，orc魔鬼，ise
US ['sɔ:r.sɚ-] noun uncountable
■a type of magic in which spirits (= people who cannot be seen) especially evil ones, are used to make things happen 魔法，妖术
• It seems that some people still believe in sorcery and black magic. 有些人似乎仍然相信魔法和巫术。
n. 魔术，巫术
 - medicine, conjuring

Word: stratification
Front: stratification
[ˌstrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃn] (18437/10917)
Vocabulary: stratification
(once / 13570 pages)
n
Stratification means arranging something, or something that has been arranged, into categories. By the time you figure out the complex social stratification of your high school class, from jocks to nerds and everything between, you’re ready to graduate.
Stratification is a system or formation of layers, classes, or categories. Stratification is used to describe a particular way of arranging seeds while planting, as well as the geological layers of rocks. But like so many science words, somehow it’s not content to stay in the scientific realm, and must also have a place in the social sphere, where its job is to categorize and arrange people into groups: upper, middle, and lower classes, for example.
WORD FAMILY
stratification: stratifications+/interstratify: interstratified/ stratified: unstratified/ stratify: interstratify, stratification, stratified, stratifies, stratifying/ stratum: strata, stratify, stratums, substratum, superstratum/substratum: substratums
USAGE EXAMPLES
Novartis, another Swiss pharmaceutical company, found a similar stratification of benefit in its trial of siponimod for secondary progressive MS.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
But there is no escaping the growing sense of stratification in the university sector and differences in status.
BBC(Nov 17, 2016)
The group’s President and CEO James Taylor says the numbers show the area’s increasing stratification of wealth.
Washington Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: n. 层理; 成层; 层化; 分层
分布：分层(97%)，成层法(3%)
→来自 stratify 的名词形式。
N-UNCOUNT
(尤指社会的)分层，形成阶层
Stratification is the division of something, especially society, into different classes or layers.
例：She was concerned about the stratification of American society.她很关注美国社会的阶层分化。
n. [地质] 层理；成层
 - layering

Word: sucre

Word: speakership
Front: speakership
['spi:kəʃɪp] (32358/-)
Back: n. 议长的职位
分布：议长的职位(100%)
n. 议长的职位
 - woolsack

Word: storehouse
Front: storehouse
[ˈstɔ:haʊs] (雅 19327/19734 -1)
Back: n. 仓库; 货栈; 知识宝库; 知识丰富的人
分布：仓库(91%)，宝藏(6%)，储藏所(3%)
→store,仓库，house,屋子。
US ['stɔ:r-] noun countable US for warehouse
n. [建] [经] 仓库，贮藏库；宝库
 - warehouse, treasury

Word: studious
Front: studious
[ˈstju:diəs] (23387/22707)
Vocabulary: studious
(once / 1325 pages)
adj
If you are studious, you study a lot and you probably even enjoy it. Your studious habits might bring you excellent grades and "your" table at the library.
You can see study in studious. Remember, being smart doesn't make you studious — unless you also hit the books. That's why studious people are sometimes also called bookish. Studious can also describe doing something carefully, with effort. If you are studious in your approach to baking, you read the recipe over and over, double-checked that you have all the ingredients and measure them down to the exact drop.
WORD FAMILY
studious: studiously, studiousness, unstudious+/student: students, studentship/studentship: studentships/ studied: studiedly, unstudied/ study: student, studied, studies, studious, studying, understudy/studying: studyings/understudy: understudied, understudies, understudying/unstudied: unstudiedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Childhood friends described el-Goarany as a studious history buff who practiced Islam but never proselytized.
Seattle Times(Dec 13, 2016)
But something was missing from this picture of studious nurturing.
Washington Post(Dec 09, 2016)
From here Southgate will be seen looking studious in various Premier League stands before the March double-header against Germany and Lithuania.
The Guardian(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 好学的; 用功的; 仔细的; 故意的
分布：好学的(50%)，有意的(16%)，努力的(16%)，仔细的(12%)，用心的(6%)
→来自 study,学习，-ous,形容词后缀。
US ['stu:-] adjective
LEARNING 学习
■describes someone who enjoys studying or spends a lot of time studying 好学的；勤奋的，用功的
• She was a studious child, happiest when reading. 她是个好学的孩子，特别喜欢看书。
UK ['stju:.di.əs] US ['stu:-] adjective
CAREFUL 精心
[before noun]
■very careful or thorough 审慎的；刻意的，有意的；精心安排的
• The report was obviously prepared with studious care and attention. 报告显然是经过精心准备的。
adj. 用功的；热心的；专心的；故意的；适于学习的
 - focused, eager, designed, intended, conscious

Word: swansea

Word: tacky
Front: tacky
[ˈtæki] (14393/18646 -1)
Vocabulary: tacky
(once / 18382 pages)
1adj 2adj
Things that are tacky are cheap, flashy, garish, gaudy, loud, tawdry, or trashy. Tacky clothes are a fashion nightmare, and tacky comments are embarrassing for everyone involved.
If you wore a bright orange suit to school, with a neon green hat, you'd be dressing in a tacky way. Tacky clothes are usually inexpensive yet flashy and showy — obnoxious. When people make tasteless, trashy comments, it's also considered tacky. But if you're in art class and someone says that your paper-mâché project is tacky, don't get mad — they probably just mean that it's not dry yet and still sticky to the touch.
WORD FAMILY
tacky: tackier, tackiest, tackily, tackiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Tongues wagged - wasn't the whole thing a little too tacky, a little too American?
BBC(Dec 30, 2016)
What would a holiday weekend be without a chance to don your tackiest apparel?
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
Let your husband do the dishes and you two settle down to some tacky TV, or scroll through Instagram together.
The Guardian(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 发黏的; 俗气的; 褴褛的; 缺乏教养或风度的
分布：俗气的(66%)，破烂的(26%)，发粘的(8%)
→来自 tack,钉子，-y,形容词后缀。即钉在一起的，引申词义发黏的，俗气的等。
adjective
LOW QUALITY 劣质的 informal disapproving
■of cheap quality or in bad style 品质低劣的；趣味低下的，俗气的
• The shop sold tacky souvenirs and ornaments. 这家店出售品质低劣的纪念品和装饰品。
['tæk.i] adjective
STICKY 黏的
■sticky; (especially of paint or glue) not completely dry 有黏着力的；发黏的；（尤指油漆、胶水等）未干的
adj. 俗气的；发黏的；缺乏教养或风度的
 - meretricious, Philistine

Word: tern
Front: tern
[tɜ:n] (18187/17271)
Back: n. 三个一组，燕鸥
分布：燕鸥(94%)，三桅纵帆船(6%)
→来自古诺斯语 therna,来自 Proto-Germanic*staraz,鸥，椋鸟，来自 stern,鸥，椋鸟，词源 同 starling.
US [tɝ:n] noun countable
■a small black and white sea bird with long pointed wings and a divided tail 燕鸥
n. 燕鸥；三个一组
 - scray, triplet

Word: surreptitious
Front: surreptitious
[ˌsʌrəpˈtɪʃəs] (宝 24477/22706 -1)
Vocabulary: surreptitious
(once / 2813 pages)
adj
When someone behaves in a surreptitious way, they're being secretive. They're doing something that they don't want to be seen doing.
While surreptitious means secret, it has the added sense of "sneaky" or "hidden." During the Jewish Passover meal of Seder, an adult will surreptitiously place a piece of matzoh somewhere in the house for the children to hunt for later in the meal. You'll see surreptitious applied mostly to actions, rather than to things or ideas. We do things surreptitiously. The members of the secret society hold surreptitious meetings because, well, they're a secret society. I was very surreptitious in how I organized the surprise party: she never knew!
WORD FAMILY
surreptitious: surreptitiously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ms. Kim’s lawyers called the plan of succession “surreptitious” and the resulting work situation “untenable.”
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The FBI sent a special Evidence Response Team trained in surreptitious searches.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 02, 2016)
But opponents denounced the surreptitious way it was carried out and said it could inspire continuing anger and resentment toward the Marcoses.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 鬼鬼祟祟的; 私下的，秘密的
分布：鬼鬼祟祟的(61%)，暗中进行的(26%)，保密的(13%)
→可能来自 sur-,在下，-rept,爬，词源同 reptile,爬行动物。引申词义秘密的，偷偷摸摸的。
鬼鬼崇崇的(sur+rept爬＋itious→在下面爬→鬼鬼崇崇的)[suc-,suf-,sup-,sur-等在同辅音词根前表示"在…下面"]
鬼鬼祟祟的(sur下面+rept+itious→在下面爬的→鬼鬼祟祟)[rept=creep,表示"聪"]
鬼鬼祟祟的(sur下面+rept爬;参考:reptile爬行动物)[-itious表形容词,-ition变化而来,表示"…的"]
【记】sur下面，rept＝creep爬，itious－在下面爬来爬去－偷偷的
【反】barefaced（adj 不隐瞒的）；aboveboard（adj 光明正大的）
US [ˌsɝ:-] adjective
■done secretly, without anyone seeing or knowing 秘密的，偷偷的；鬼鬼祟祟的
• She seemed to be listening to what I was saying, but I couldn't help noticing her surreptitious glances at the clock. 她看起来好像在听我说话，但我无意中注意到她偷偷朝钟表瞄了几眼。
adj. 秘密的；鬼鬼祟祟的；暗中的
 - secret, underground, chamber, inside, cabinet

Word: tattle
Front: tattle
[ˈtætl] (31533/-)
Back: n. 闲谈，闲聊
vt. 由闲谈而泄露（秘密），在闲谈中说出
时态：tattled, tattling, tattles
分布：闲谈(72%)，泄密(19%)，饶舌(9%)
US ['tæ-] noun See tittle-tattle
vi. 闲谈；泄露秘密
 - visit, dish
n. 闲谈
 - chinfest, chat

Word: supertanker
Front: supertanker
[ˈsu:pətæŋkə(r)] (30659/40905)
Back: n. 超级油轮
分布：超大型油轮(60%)，巨大型油轮(40%)
→super-,超级，tank,油桶。用于指超级油轮。
US [-pɚˌtæŋ.kɚ] noun countable
■a very large ship, which transports especially oil 超级巨轮；（尤指）超级油轮

Word: thalidomide
Front: thalidomide
[θəˈlɪdəmaɪd] (31862/34785)
Back: n. 镇静剂（安眠药的一种）; 反应停
分布：名词(100%)
noun uncountable
■a drug which was once used to help people relax or sleep, and which was found to cause damage to babies inside the womb , especially by stopping the development of their arms and legs, when it was taken by their mothers 沙利度胺，撒利多迈德胺，反应停（原用作镇静药，后发现孕妇服用后对胎儿的四肢发育有害）

Word: thoroughgoing
Front: thoroughgoing
[ˌθʌrəˈgəʊɪŋ] (26547/32656)
Vocabulary: thoroughgoing
(once / 8874 pages)
1adj 2adj
Anything thoroughgoing is comprehensive — it pays extremely careful attention to details. Your thoroughgoing research most likely involved endless hours of sifting through multiple sources.
A thoroughgoing paint job will be neatly edged and precisely done, and a thoroughgoing government reform will involve a huge, involved overhaul of the system. This adjective has an old-fashioned sound these days, when thorough usually works just as well. Both words come from the Old English þuruh, "from end to end and side to side."
WORD FAMILY
thoroughgoing
USAGE EXAMPLES
If nothing else, this is a thoroughgoing failure of Democratic messaging.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 06, 2016)
Repeal or thoroughgoing reform of that destructive law is certainly a key step toward an economic recovery.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 17, 2016)
The music of “Carousel,” in fact, hits our ears as a thoroughgoing consolation.
Washington Post(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 彻底的，完全的，十足的; 深; 澈底
分布：彻底的(74%)，完全的(26%)
UK ['--ˌ--] US [ˌθɝ:.ə'goʊ-] UK [-oʊ-] formal
adjective
■complete, detailed, careful 彻底的，完全的；仔细的
• a thoroughgoing reform of the economy 彻底的经济改革
adj. 完全的，彻底的
 - full, complete, absolute, total, round

Word: thermodynamics
Front: thermodynamics
[ˌθɜ:məʊdaɪˈnæmɪks] (托 24038/25741)
Vocabulary: thermodynamics
(once / 41472 pages)
n
Thermodynamics is the study of energy, particularly heat energy. A physicist who's interested in the way temperature relates to energy and work might concentrate on thermodynamics.
If you take a physics class, you'll come across the term thermodynamics. The study of heat energy and how it works originally focused on early steam engines, which powered trains in the 19th century. The word itself was coined in the mid-1800s and originally hyphenated, thermo-dynamics, from two Greek roots, therme, "heat," and dynamis, "power" or "energy."
WORD FAMILY
thermodynamics: thermodynamical+/thermodynamic: thermodynamically, thermodynamics
USAGE EXAMPLES
However experts say the app breaks the basic laws of thermodynamics.
The Guardian(Dec 02, 2016)
Hanson introduced the Gateway students to principles of thermodynamics using glass vials of colored liquid.
Washington Times(Nov 06, 2016)
One exception to time-reversal symmetry is thermodynamics, whose second law says that entropy always increases with time.
Nature(Sep 27, 2016)
Back: n. 热力学
分布：热力学(100%)
→therm-,热，dynamics,动力学。
US [ˌθɝ:.moʊ-] specialized
noun uncountable
■the area of physics connected with the action of heat and other types of energy, and the relationship between them 热力学

Word: thereabouts
Front: thereabouts
[ˌðeərəˈbaʊts] (26637/19149)
Back: adv. （地点、时间、数量等）大约; 上下; 附近; 左右
分布：大约(50%)，在那附近(50%)
→there,那里，about,大约，-s,副词所有格。
US ['ðer.ə.baʊts] adverb
■approximately 大约，左右，上下
• He's lived in Norwich for 40 years, or thereabouts. 他在诺里奇住了大约40年。
adv. 大约；在那附近（等于thereabout）
 - around, approximately, something

Word: toot
Front: toot
[tu:t] (22919/34069 -1)
Vocabulary: toot
(once / 2555 pages)
1nv 2n
Toot is both the act of blowing on a horn and the sound that comes out when you do. The word is fun to say, a favorite of children pretending to be cars. It suggests a kind of merry, or at least chipper, sensibility.
Speaking of merriment, toot can also refer to a night of drinking and carousing. Light, fun drinking: think 1920s flappers dancing in fountains, not hardcore alcoholics with bottles in paper bags. It's the car behind you letting you know the light has changed or the cheerful sound of a tugboat asking larger ships to make way. Even "tooting your own horn" is just not that serious — it's a lighthearted spin on the otherwise obnoxious act of bragging.
WORD FAMILY
toot: tooted, tooting, toots
USAGE EXAMPLES
Peters says with a toot of brassy laughter.
The Guardian(Dec 06, 2016)
St George's Hospital in Tooting, south London, said three patients remained in a serious condition following surgery.
BBC(Nov 12, 2016)
St George's Hospital in Tooting said on Wednesday it had treated 20 people, four of whom were seriously injured and 16 who were walking wounded.
BBC(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. 酒宴; 嘟嘟声; 闹饮，庆祝
v. 吹（喇叭，笛子等）; 使嘟嘟叫; 吹喇叭; 吹奏出
时态：tooted, tooting, toots
分布：吹奏(60%)，发出鸣声或嘟嘟声(40%)
verb intransitive or transitive
■to make a short sound or series of short sounds, especially with the horn of a car as a warning （使）（尤指汽车喇叭）发嘟嘟声
• The driver tooted (her horn). 驾驶员按了按喇叭。
n. 嘟嘟声；痛饮
 - hoptoad, blare
vi. 吹喇叭
 - play the trumpet, blow job

Word: torpid
Front: torpid
[ˈtɔ:pɪd] (托宝 32220/35344)
Vocabulary: torpid
(once / 4014 pages)
adj
While the adjective torpid sounds a lot like the noun torpedo, it actually describes something slow or even inactive, like the torpedo that's just sitting around before it's launched.
Torpid comes from the Latin word torpere, meaning "numb," which is exactly how torpid things act. A hibernating bear and a caterpillar holed up in a cocoon are two good examples. You might feel torpid sitting in front of the fire after a big meal. The mind, too, can become torpid. The writer Samuel Johnson said, “It is a man’s own fault, it is from want of use, if his mind grow torpid in old age.”
WORD FAMILY
torpid: torpidity, torpidly, torpidness
USAGE EXAMPLES
The mouse was in a torpid state – a very deep sleep.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
“The glue boogers in the binding are more captivating than Gilstrap’s torpid prose.”
Washington Post(Aug 30, 2016)
Lively one moment, torpid the next, the show is utterly overstuffed yet winsome anyway.
New York Times(Aug 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 麻痹的; 懒散的; 不活泼的; 冬眠（中）的
分布：迟钝的(62%)，无精打采的(19%)，冬眠的(19%)
→来自 torpor,懒散，无力。
呆板的[torp=numb(麻木)]
【记】读：脱皮的，在海边玩，因为懒散不下水只晒太阳－脱皮的－懒散的
【反】responsive（adj 响应的）；ebullient（adj 热情的）；ardent（adj 热心的）
US ['tɔ:r-] formal
adjective
■not active; moving or thinking slowly, especially as a result of being lazy or feeling like you want to sleep 不活泼的；（尤指因懒惰或困倦）迟钝的，呆滞的
• If you have a sudden loss of cabin pressure at 20 000 feet, passengers will become torpid and then lose consciousness. 如果在两万英尺的高空突然失去舱压，乘客会变得有气无力，继而失去知觉。
adj. 迟钝的，迟缓的；不活泼的；麻痹的； [生物] 蛰伏的
 - slow, obtuse

Word: tombstone
Front: tombstone
[ˈtu:mstəʊn] (宝 13593/19277 -1)
Back: n. 墓碑; 墓石; （华尔街的）新上市股票[证券]发行公告
分布：墓碑(100%)
【记】tomb墓，stone石头
US [-stoʊn] noun countable
■a gravestone
n. 墓碑；墓石
 - gravestone, headstone

Word: turret
Front: turret
[ˈtʌrət] (宝 14270/15097 -1)
Vocabulary: turret
(once / 1289 pages)
1n 2n
A turret is a small tower that is taller than the rest of the building. The long-haired fairy tale heroine Rapunzel had to stay in a turret.
The classic turret is perched at the very top of a stone castle and is often small and rounded, with tiny windows. Another meaning of turret is the structure on a tank or fort that's heavily protected with armor and contains a gun. Often this kind of turret is rounded and can rotate, in order to fire in different directions.
WORD FAMILY
turret: turrets
USAGE EXAMPLES
On May 13, 1895, workers discovered a man’s body at the base of one of the post office’s turrets.
Washington Post(Dec 31, 2016)
Alongside those figures it showed a picture of a smouldering tank, its turret blown off, next to a crater in the road.
Reuters(Dec 08, 2016)
“There’s all bombs and machine gun fire,” he said he told the turret captain.
Washington Post(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: n. 炮塔，转塔; 塔楼，角楼
分布：小塔(44%)，角楼(44%)，镜头转台(12%)
→来自拉丁语 turris,高塔，塔楼，高层建筑，词源同 tor,tower.-et,小词后缀。引申词义炮塔。
【记】读：塔ret，et结尾表示“小”－小塔
noun countable
TOWER 塔
■a small circular tower which is part of a castle or a large building （城堡或大型建筑物的）小塔楼，角楼
['tʌr.ət] noun countable
GUN PART 枪炮部件
■a part of a military vehicle which contains a large gun or guns and which can move to face any direction 回转炮塔；旋转枪架
n. 炮塔；角楼；小塔；攻城用仰冲车
 - casemate, barbette

Word: thrombosis
Front: thrombosis
[θrɒmˈbəʊsɪs] (22240/24154)
Back: n. 血栓症
分布：血栓症(100%)
→来自希腊语 thrombosis,血栓形成，来自 thrombos,血块，肿块，-osis,表状态。
US [θrɑ:m'boʊ-] (plural thromboses)
noun countable
■when the flow of blood in the body is blocked by a clot (= half solid mass) of blood 血栓形成

Word: umbilical
Front: umbilical
[ʌm'bɪlɪkəl] (16507/19895)
Back: adj. 脐带的，母系的
分布：脐带的(84%)，关系亲密的(16%)
adj. 脐带的；母系的；中央的
 - mid, centre

Word: unemployable
Front: unemployable
[ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪəbl] (32513/33309)
Back: adj. 不能受雇的
n. 不能受雇者
分布：不能受雇的(37%)，不能受雇者(36%)，不能使用的(27%)

Word: unearned
Front: unearned
[ˌʌnˈɜ:nd] (24039/33041)
Back: adj. 不劳而获的; 自然得到的; 不相称的; 不应得的
分布：不劳而获的(89%)，不应得到的(11%)
US [-'ɝ:nd] adjective
■earned or got without having been worked for 不劳而获的
• unearned income 不劳而获的收入
adj. 不劳而获的；非劳动所得的；不相称的
 - inappropriate, unsuitable

Word: unanswerable
Front: unanswerable
[ʌnˈɑ:nsərəbl] (24644/20266)
Back: adj. 不能回答的
分布：没有责任的)(50%)，无法回答的(无可辩驳的(50%)
US [-'ænt.sɚ-] adjective
CLEARLY TRUE 显然正确的 formal
■If an argument or claim is unanswerable, people cannot disagree with it because it is so clearly true （论点或说法）无可争辩的，不容反对的
• In economic terms the need to reduce inflation is unanswerable. 从经济学角度考虑，需要降低通货膨胀是毋庸置疑的。
UK [ʌn'ɑ:nt.sər.ə.bl] US [-'ænt.sɚ-] adjective
WITHOUT AN ANSWER 没有答案的
■(of a question) without an answer （问题）没有答案的，无法回答的
• As to how long this war will last, it's an unanswerable question. 至于这场战争会持续多久，没有人知道答案。
adj. 无法回答的；没有责任的；不能回答的；无法争辩的
 - irrefutable

Word: unreason
Front: unreason
[ˌʌn'ri:zn] (37359/44812)
Back: n. 无理性
分布：不合理(58%)，无理性的(42%)
n. 无理性；不合理；错乱
 - irrationality, inconsequence

Word: unlovely
Front: unlovely
[ˌʌnˈlʌvli] (32130/33135)
Back: adj. 不可爱的; 讨人嫌的; 不漂亮的; 丑的
分布：不可爱的(50%)，不漂亮的(40%)，丑恶的(10%)
adj. 不可爱的；讨人嫌的
 - loveless

Word: untruth
Front: untruth
[ˌʌnˈtru:θ] (24148/23877)
Back: n. 谎言; 不真实，虚假
分布：谎言(47%)，不真实(40%)，虚伪(13%)
noun
countable
■a statement that is not true 瞎话；假话；谎言
• It's not the first time that the paper has been in trouble for printing untruths about people's private lives. 这家报纸已经不是第一次因捏造人们私生活的新闻而惹上麻烦了。
uncountable
■when something is not true 虚假；不真实
• The untruth of this statement was immediately clear to me. 我立刻就看出来这份声明是假的。
n. 虚假，不真实；谎言
 - lie, fiction

Word: unpleasantness
Front: unpleasantness
[ʌnˈplezntnəs] (22929/21430)
Back: n. 煞风景的事，不愉快的事; 芥蒂
分布：不愉快(90%)，不快之事(10%)
n. 不愉快；不愉快的事，煞风景的事
 - displeasure, disamenity

Word: unread
Front: unread
[ˌʌnˈred] (26347/24226)
Back: adj. （书籍等）未读的; 未阅的; （人）不读书的; 无学识的
分布：无学问的(60%)，没有读过书的(20%)，没有人看的(20%)
adj. 未经阅读的；无学问的，读书不多的
 - unlettered

Word: wavy
Front: wavy
[ˈweɪvi] (托 13750/20222)
Back: adj. 波状的，有波纹的，起伏的
adv. 波状地，有波纹地，起伏地
n. 起浪，成波浪形，动摇
级别：wavier, waviest
分布：起伏的(58%)，波浪形的(42%)
→来自wave,水波，波浪。
adjective
■having a series of curves 卷曲的；波浪式的
• Sarah's got lovely wavy blond hair. 莎拉有一头迷人的金色鬈发。

Word: vacillation
Front: vacillation
[ˌvæsə'leɪʃn] (托 30662/32687)
Vocabulary: vacillation
(once / 7787 pages)
n
Vacillation is when you constantly change your opinion. It also refers to swinging back and forth physically.
Both meanings of vacillation involve moving back and forth in some way. The first sense is what happens when a person is wishy-washy. If you want to go to a movie, then say you don’t, then say you do after all, that’s an example of vacillation. Politicians who flip-flop are known for their vacillation because they constantly change their opinions. Also, something that is swinging or swaying in the wind is vacillating, so the movement is a vacillation.
WORD FAMILY
vacillation: vacillations+/ vacillate: vacillated, vacillates, vacillating, vacillation, vacillator/ vacillating: vacillatingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
PASADENA, Calif. — In mid-August, after prolonged vacillation, Southern California Coach Clay Helton declared the junior Max Browne his starting quarterback.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
To many of Obama’s Republican critics, the argument sounds like an excuse for vacillation and inaction.
The Guardian(Dec 06, 2016)
Some in the president’s own party appear committed to tipping the scales against her, after days of vacillation.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: n. 摇摆; 振荡; 波动; 犹豫不决
分布：动摇(50%)，踌躇(25%)，优柔寡断(25%)
【反】motionless balance（静态平衡）；tenacity（n 顽固）；pertinacity（n 顽固；执着）；equipoise（n 平衡）；impetuosity（n 激烈；鲁莽）
n. 踌躇；不果断；游移不定
 - hesitancy, backing and filling

Word: vermin
Front: vermin
[ˈvɜ:mɪn] (宝 20475/19321)
Vocabulary: vermin
(once / 2233 pages)
1n 2n
Vermin is a catch-all term that can be used for any small animals or insects that we think of as pests. The cockroaches you found in your bathroom were the grossest vermin you'd ever seen.
The word vermin originally came from the Anglo-French word of the same spelling, meaning "noxious animals" — definitely a negative term. Rats, mice, cockroaches, along with pests to farmers and the animals they raise, like coyotes and weasels, are vermin. Annoying people who cause problems are also sometimes called vermin, like the vermin who bully others.
WORD FAMILY
vermin: verminous, vermins+/verminous: verminously
USAGE EXAMPLES
“She looked at me like I was vermin,” Mr. Barron said.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Used as a draft excluder, it was encrusted with dirt and had been attacked by vermin and insects.
BBC(Nov 28, 2016)
The identity of who left cards by homes and schools saying "no more Polish vermin" remains unknown, police say.
BBC(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: n. 害兽及害鸟; 害虫; 危害社会或他人的人; 歹徒
分布：害虫(57%)，害兽(19%)，害人虫(13%)，害鸟(11%)
→来自拉丁语vermis,虫，词源同worm,引申词义害虫。
【记】verm＝worm（n 虫），in：害虫
【参】vermicide（n 驱虫剂）
US ['vɝ:-] plural noun
■small animals and insects that can be harmful and which are difficult to control when they appear in large numbers 害虫；害兽
• Flies, lice, rats, foxes and cockroaches can all be described as vermin. 苍蝇、虱子、老鼠、狐狸和蟑螂都可以被称作是害虫或害兽。
■offensive disapproving
■people who are unpleasant and harmful to society 危害社会的人，害人虫；歹徒
• He thought all terrorists were vermin and that prison was too good for them. 他认为所有恐怖分子都是害人虫，关进监狱都太便宜他们了。
n. 害虫； [动] 寄生虫；歹徒
 - insect pest, injurious insect

Word: villainous
Front: villainous
[ˈvɪlənəs] (宝 25669/32819)
Vocabulary: villainous
(once / 3325 pages)
adj
To be villainous is to be evil, wicked, and despicable, like a bad guy in a movie or a villainous bus driver who sees you but doesn’t stop.
Villains in stories are the bad guys, like Superman's enemy Lex Luthor or a mobster in a crime movie. Real-life bad people are also called villains, and anything evil is villainous. To murder someone is villainous. To steal a lot of money is villainous. This is a strong word for actions that are deliberately harmful and awful. You can’t be villainous by accident. The opposite of villainous is heroic.
WORD FAMILY
villainous: villainously, villainousness+/ villain: villainess, villainous, villains/villainess: villainesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
And will villainous Duke become healthy and whole enough for a run at what would be Krzyzewski’s sixth national title?
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
His villainous performance, writes Ben Brantley in the New York Times, is "embodied with gritty brilliance".
BBC(Dec 13, 2016)
In all of his roles, even the villainous ones, he tries to find something in the character to relate to.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: adj. <书>邪恶的; 凶恶的; 恶劣的; 可憎的
分布：邪恶的(60%)，恶毒的(22%)，坏透的(18%)
adjective [before noun]
■describes a person or an action that is evil 邪恶的；极坏的
• a villainous dictator 残暴的独裁统治者
adj. 罪恶的；恶棍的；恶毒的；坏透的
 - criminal, poisonous

Word: youngstown

Word: whimsy
Front: whimsy
[ˈwɪmzi] (宝 19674/33132)
Vocabulary: whimsy
(once / 1023 pages)
n
Whimsy is what a person who's a dreamer and out of step with the real world might have lots of. People who are full of whimsy are odd, but often fanciful and lovely, like Harry Potter's friend Luna Lovegood.
Whimsy is also a whim — something you do just because you want to. If you find a postcard of Alaska and take that as a reason to move there, that could qualify as whimsy. Whimsy is irrational, but playful. If you decorate your house with whimsy, you may have a wall decorated with butterflies and giant daisies with googly eyes, and a couch trimmed with peacock feathers and vinyl. It's amusing and witty, and you’re a master of whimsy.
WORD FAMILY
whimsy: whimsical, whimsies, whimsiest+/ whimsical: whimsicalest, whimsicality, whimsically/whimsicality: whimsicalities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Johnson displays flashes of whimsy, describing the kaleidoscope, for instance, as the “PlayStation of the late Georgian era,” but those moments are rare.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Many of these flyers in your book are colorful and some are explosions of whimsy.
Salon(Dec 21, 2016)
Last year’s vastly underrated Joy succeeded by embracing dreamlike whimsy over formula.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 怪念头; 异想天开; 怪脾气; 与众不同的幽默感
分布：怪念头(34%)，反复无常(30%)，异想天开(24%)，心情浮动(12%)
→词源不详，可能来自拟声词，风呼啸而吹的声音。引申义忽然而来的，忽然而去的，古怪的。
['wɪm.zi] disapproving
noun countable or uncountable
■something that is intended to be strange and humorous but in fact has little real meaning or value （无意义或无价值的）古怪事物；异想天开的东西
• Personally I've always considered mime to be a lot of whimsy. 我个人一直认为哑剧就是瞎胡闹。
n. 怪念头；反复无常
 - inconstancy, caprice

Word: wideband

Word: weedy
Front: weedy
[ˈwi:di] (19258/20207)
Back: adj. <非正，贬> 瘦弱的; 性格软弱的; 杂草丛生的
级别：weedier, weediest
分布：瘦弱的(39%)，尽是杂草的(33%)，似杂草的(28%)
adjective
WEAK 瘦弱的 UK informal disapproving
■describes a person who is thin and physically weak （人）瘦弱的，孱弱的
• a weedy child 瘦弱的孩子
■old-fashioned
■weak and not exciting or interesting 平淡无奇的
• The story had a rather weedy plot. 这个故事的情节很平淡。
['wi:.di] adjective
PLANT 植物
■containing a lot of weeds 杂草；野草
• a weedy pavement 杂草丛生的人行道
adj. 瘦弱的；似杂草的；尽是杂草的
 - scraggy, emaciated

Word: workless

Word: aberrant
Front: aberrant
[æˈberənt] (宝 21296/22869)
Vocabulary: aberrant
(once / 25639 pages)
adjn
Use the adjective aberrant to describe unusual conduct. Sitting in a bathtub and singing show tunes all day long might be considered aberrant behavior.
For conduct that departs from the norm, aberrant is at hand to describe it if you want to set a formal, or even scientific tone to the discussion. You can put the accent on either the first syllable (AB-er-ent) or the second (uh-BER-ent); both pronunciations are acceptable. The Latin root aberrare means "to go astray," from the prefix ab- "off, away" plus errare "to wander." Other descendants of errare in English, like error and errant, have that double -r- and also refer to something that's either not wanted or not expected.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
abhorrent / aberrant
Abhorrent describes something truly horrible like finding a dead rat in your soup, but something aberrant is just abnormal, like a cat in a pink fedora.
Abhorrent means disgusting or detestable. When you abhor something, you loathe it. Its Latin root means, "to shudder, recoil," which is what you do when faced with something abhorrent like a zombie, or or in these examples:
She said sanitary conditions in the emergency room were abhorrent. (Seattle Times)
If I thought monarchy abhorrent, for example, I would not seek British citizenship. (Washington Times)
Aberrant (no "h") means unusual, straying from a defined path. It's not necessarily nasty. It's from the Latin, aberrantem, "wandering away." It's related to err, a mistake, through Old French and Latin. If a behavior is aberrant, it's just not normal:
Weeks ago the nation witnessed the culmination of aberrant fan behavior when Bryan Stow was beaten in the Dodger Stadium parking lot. (Newsweek)
Upstairs the show gives way to delicious aberrant moments, like the gallery kitted out in beige walls and chunky red molding. (New York Times)
Illinois citizens will be subjected to another round of descriptions of aberrant behavior by a governor who freely dropped the f-bomb. (Quad-City Times)
If you can remember that the err in aberrant indicates an error and that you abhor something that is abhorrent, your word choice will be neither aberrant nor abhorrent. Wearing a feather boa to a funeral? Aberrant. Stealing the body? Abhorrent.
WORD FAMILY
aberrant: aberrancy, aberrantly, aberrants+/aberrancy: aberrancies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Regular season aberrant results are one thing, though – this was a season-ending catastrophe.
The Guardian(Dec 14, 2016)
His well-documented cruelty made little difference, even when acknowledged, for he was judged according to some aberrant ethical code that defied logic.
Washington Post(Nov 26, 2016)
The correlation between altered activity and cognitive performance suggests that these aberrant patterns of activity might be directly related to memory impairment.
Nature(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 离开正路的; 与正确（或真实情况）相背的; <生物>异常的; 畸变的
n. 离开正路的人; <生物>畸变生物（群）; 畸变器官; 反常
adv. 反常地，异常地
分布：脱离常轨的(44%)，畸变的(28%)，脱离正道的(14%)，变体的(14%)
→前缀ab-,离开。词根err, 偏离，见error,错误。
越轨的;异常的(ab离开+errant错误的→离开[正确]走向错误→越轨的)[err=wander,mistake,表示"漫游,犯错误"]
【参】errant（adj 错误的，离正道的）；erratic（adj 古怪的）
【反】normal（adj 正常的）；typical（adj 典型的）
[ə'ber.ənt] ['æb.ə.rənt] formal
adjective
■different from what is typical or usual, especially in an unacceptable way 违反常规的，反常的，异常的（尤指不能接受的）
• aberrant behaviour/sexuality 反常行为／变态性行为
adj. 异常的；畸变的；脱离常轨的；迷乱的
 - novel, variable, exceptional, exquisite

Word: acme
Front: acme
[ˈækmi] (托宝 28061/35464)
Vocabulary: acme
(once / 6424 pages)
n
When something is at the very peak of perfection, reach for this noun from Greek: acme. A brilliant violinist might reach the acme of her career, but eventually she might become unstrung.
This noun referring to the highest point of something might sound comical because it has shown up so often in cartoons as the name of a company, such as the one that makes Wile E. Coyote's contraptions in the old Warner Brothers cartoons. But the word is actually a serious-minded import from Greek. Near synonyms for high points include zenith, summit, pinnacle, apex, and peak, but acme has a special nuance for an ultimate point of perfection.
WORD FAMILY
acme: acmes
USAGE EXAMPLES
The new boss’s mandate eight years ago was to banish BAE’s old, buccaneering ways and make it the acme of squeaky-clean corporate governance.
Economist(Nov 10, 2016)
And then there is Germany, a country often epitomised as the acme of trouble-free planning and efficiency.
BBC(Oct 24, 2016)
A common subject line might read "Introduction to Acme Services."
US News(Oct 24, 2016)
Back: n. 最高点，顶点，极点; 极盛时期
分布：顶点(79%)，极点(21%)
→来自词根ac的最高级。-m最高级后缀。
顶点,顶峰(acumen的变体)[acid,acri,acrid,acu=sour,sharp,表示"尖,酸,锐利"]
顶峰[acm=top(顶端)]
【记】ac＝AC，me读：米，连读：AC米兰【AC米兰】迄今为止，AC米兰队共夺得16次意甲冠军，并在1991－2000这10年中获得5次冠军，达到了球队的历史最高点。
n. 顶点，极点；最高点
 - height, summit, sky, peak, pole

Word: admiralty
Front: admiralty
['ædmərəltɪ] (24790/12657)
Back: n. 海军上将职位，舰队司令职位
分布：海事法庭(100%)
n. 海军部；海事法庭；海军上将的职位
 - Navy Department, Admiralty Board

Word: acidly
Front: acidly
[ˈæsɪdli] (32639/25923)
Back: adv. 不悦地，心地不良地
分布：心地不良地(60%)，不和悦地(40%)
adverb
■in a way that is cruel or criticizes 尖酸的；尖刻的，刻薄的
• "I suppose you expect me to thank you for coming, " he said acidly. “我猜，你认为我会对你的到来千恩万谢。”他尖酸刻薄地说道。
adv. 尖刻地；不悦地；心地不良地
 - bitingly, scathingly

Word: actuator
Front: actuator
['æktʃʊeɪtə] (17084/48882)
Back: n. 激励者; [电脑]执行机构; [电]（电磁铁）螺线管; [机]促动器
分布：执行机构(76%)，制动器(14%)，传动装置(10%)
n. 执行机构； [电子] 激励者； [自] [电] [机] 促动器
 - topworks, actuating mechanism

Word: amah
Front: amah
[ˈɑ:mə] None
Back: n. （地中海以东国家的）奶妈，保姆，女仆
分布：名词(100%)
→来自PIE *am, 妈，最终来自婴儿语。衍生词根am, 爱，见amiable, 爱护的，温和的。
n. 奶妈；保姆；女仆（印度等一些东方国家的奶妈）
 - ayah, nursing mother

Word: advantaged
Front: advantaged
[ədˈvɑ:ntɪdʒd] (31682/38077)
Back: adj. 得天独厚的，有利的，占有利位置的
分布：得天独厚的(63%)，有利的(25%)，占有利地位的(8%)，动词advantage的过去式和过去分词形式.(4%)
adj. 得天独厚的；有利的；占有利位置的
 - favorable, beneficial

Word: adulterous
Front: adulterous
[ə'dʌltərəs] (22462/33814)
Back: adj. 通奸的，不贞的
分布：通奸的(50%)，不贞的(50%)
adj. 通奸的；不贞的
 - extramarital

Word: afterglow
Front: afterglow
[ˈɑ:ftəgləʊ] (22126/34964)
Vocabulary: afterglow
(once / 10460 pages)
1n 2n
An afterglow is a strip of rose-colored light in the sky that you sometimes see after the sun goes down. You should look for the afterglow after you watch the sunset.
While an afterglow is actually caused by dust in the atmosphere, the radiant, glowing effect in the sky is much more beautiful than this makes it sound. You can also use the word afterglow in a figurative way, to describe the way you feel after something really wonderful happens to you: "I basked in the afterglow that followed my successful opening night on Broadway."
WORD FAMILY
afterglow: afterglows
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her afterglow disappeared quickly amid the chaos and alarm.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 04, 2016)
The tournament might get a bit of extra attention in the afterglow of the world championship, but it is unlikely to amount to much.
The Guardian(Dec 01, 2016)
In the afterglow of the 2013 inauguration, sales have been spiraling downward.
Washington Post(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 晚霞，夕照; 余辉
分布：晚霞(50%)，夕照(25%)，回味(25%)
US ['æf.tɚ.gloʊ] noun countable usually singular
■a pleasant feeling produced after an experience, event, feeling, etc. 美好的回忆
• The team were basking in the afterglow of winning the cup. 球队沉浸在夺冠的喜悦中。
n. 夕照，晚霞
 - sunset glow, sunglow

Word: agincourt

Word: askew
Front: askew
[əˈskju:] (宝 18225/23055)
Vocabulary: askew
(once / 4557 pages)
advadj
Although it sounds like a sneeze, the word askew means lopsided or turned and tilted to the side. Like your glasses might be after, well, a sneeze.
The movie “Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events” tells the story of three orphans and their struggle to escape their wicked guardian, Count Olaf. In the story, the orphans are sent to stay with their Aunt Josephine, whose house sits perilously on the edge of cliff over a leech-infested lake. The floor of Josephine’s house is at an angle, pictures hang off-center, and in fact everything appears to be tilted and wildly askew, including their aunt’s mental condition.
WORD FAMILY
askew: askews
USAGE EXAMPLES
It starts with a call-to-attention fanfare, sputtering and slightly askew.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
But the late, 22-year-old Cash Askew’s band Them Are Us Too is so gorgeous and elegiac that it’s almost too painful to listen too now.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Cash Askew, 22, was an Oakland musician who was kind, gentle and a “total goofball,” said her girlfriend, Anya Taylor.
Washington Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adv. & adj. 歪，斜; 歪歪扭扭
分布：歪斜的(64%)，斜地(36%)
→可能同辅音根s-k, 表示歪，斜，见askance, 斜的。askew, 斜的。skew，斜的。
【记】ask＝？长得是弯曲的、歪斜的。参考：skew（adj 斜的）
【反】aligned（adj 排列成一行的）
adjective [after verb]
■not straight or level 不正（的），歪斜（的）
• Isn't that picture slightly askew? 那幅画是不是有点挂歪了？
• My hat was askew so I adjusted it in the mirror. 我的帽子戴歪了，于是我对着镜子把帽子弄正。
adj. 歪斜的
 - wry, wobbly
adv. 歪斜地，斜地
 - slantingly, agee

Word: augury
Front: augury
[ˈɔ:gjʊri] (宝 34266/43603)
Vocabulary: augury
(once / 4479 pages)
n
Is your team losing 15-0? Has your girlfriend just slapped your face? Dude, these are auguries — signs of how things are going to work out in the future. And these two examples don't look good.
In fact, not every augury is an ill omen, as the common phrase "augurs well for the future" suggests, but more often than not, it seems, an augury is a sign that the future will be none too rosy. Auguries are signs of what's to come, and it's wise not to ignore them.
WORD FAMILY
augury: auguries
USAGE EXAMPLES
Weeks before, our television critic referred to the event as “not an encouraging augury of the campaign to come.”
New York Times(Sep 26, 2016)
Still, for all this, the auguries are not good.
The Guardian(Sep 11, 2016)
But a month earlier, he offered a gentler message, quoting “Auguries of Innocence” by Romantic poet and religious visionary William Blake.
Washington Post(Sep 06, 2016)
Back: n. （古罗马）占卜术，占卜仪式; 预兆
分布：占卜(37%)，征兆(36%)，预言(27%)
预兆,征兆(augu+ry→[使事态扩大的]预兆,augur愿意是"鸟"的意思,古人根据看到什么"鸟"来做出预料)[aug=increase,表示"增加"]
【记】aug提高－显露出来－征兆
US ['ɑ:g.jɚ.i] formal
noun
countable
■a sign of what might happen in the future 预兆；征兆
• These sales figures are a good augury for another profitable year. 这些销售数字是个好兆头，预示着今年将继续盈利。
uncountable
■the skill of knowing what will happen in the future 占卜术；预知
• His remarkable recovery defied all medical augury. 他奇迹般地康复了，所有的医学预测都不攻自破。
n. 占卜；预言；预兆
 - prediction, warning, message

Word: americanisation

Word: barbican

Word: bahadur

Word: avenger
Front: avenger
[ə'vendʒə(r)] (22887/23906)
Vocabulary: avenger
(once / 2813 pages)
n
A person who seeks revenge can be called an avenger. If you pay your brother back for eating all the cookies by finishing the last of his ice cream, you are an avenger of sorts.
You may have heard of the comic book, TV, and movie superheroes called "The Avengers," but they're only one group of famous literary avengers. You could also call Shakespeare's Hamlet, who gets revenge for his father's death, an avenger. Most of the characters in the Greek classic "The Iliad" are avengers, too. The Old French root, avengier, means "to take revenge."
WORD FAMILY
avenger: avengers+/ avenge: avenged, avenger, avenges, avenging/avenged: unavenged
USAGE EXAMPLES
The list of token women is a long: Black Widow in The Avengers.
Time(Dec 23, 2016)
There are exceptions like the Fast and Furious series and, lately at least, the Avengers.
Time(Dec 23, 2016)
Like Civil War, Deadpool was comparatively modest when stacked next to the carnage depicted in Man of Steel or the Avengers movies.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 复仇者
分布：复仇者(100%)
报仇者(avenge+er)[venge=punish,表示"惩罚",引申为"报仇"]
n. 复仇者
 - Avengers The

Word: auld
Front: auld
[ɔ:ld] (-/24000)
Back: adj. 老的，古老的，旧的
分布：过去的(100%)
adj. 旧的；老的
 - second-hand

Word: breech
Front: breech
[bri:tʃ] (17694/16118)
Vocabulary: breech
(once / 6040 pages)
n
A breech is an opening in a gun where bullets are loaded. If you’re battling armed zombies, remember that the breech is in the rear. Speaking of rears, in a breech birth, a baby comes out feet, or rear, first.
Guns or rifles can either be loaded from the back part — called the breech — or from the front — called the muzzle. Most modern guns are loaded from the breech end. And if you’re single-handedly fighting a zombie army, you’d better hope your weapon is breech-loading; it’s much safer and faster to load a gun from the breech.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
breach / breech
If you break a contract, it's a breach. If you're talking about pantaloons, guns, or feet-first babies, use breech with a double "e."
A breach is a break — whether it's a breach in contract or a breach in a dam. Lawyers like it because they can help if there's a breach of the law. Whales break free from the water when they breach, but no one wants them to breach the side of their boat because that boat would sink. Just ask the Pequod. Other examples:
"It is impossible to tell if there is a specific breach of any conflict of interest laws." (New York Times)
"All 68 passengers and crew are safe, authorities said, and the vessel itself incurred only a small breach in its hull." (Time)
A breech, double "e," is an opening at back of the gun. It's also the word for hindquarters. The breech is on the butt of a gun, but it's also sometimes the buttocks of a human. Seriously. Breeches is an old word for pants, or britches, the kind George Washington rocked. You can still get breeches, though, for horseback riding. If a baby is born feet- or bottom-first, that's a breech birth. Examples:
"A 'magazine' is a chamber for holding a supply of cartridges to be fed automatically to the breech of a gun, according to Merriam-Webster's dictionary." (Forbes)
"Goforth said the first baby came out and then the second baby came out breech birth, meaning the baby was delivered feet first." (Washington Times)
Use breach is there's a break, but save breech for guns, pants, and babies.
WORD FAMILY
breech
USAGE EXAMPLES
Previously, Trump dismissed as sour grapes chatter that Vladimir Putin’s Russia orchestrated a large scale breech of Hillary Clinton campaign chair John Podesta’s emails.
Salon(Dec 16, 2016)
John Breech of CBSSports.com gave the Seahawks a D for their performance:
Seattle Times(Nov 28, 2016)
John Breech of CBSSports.com gave the Seahawks an A+ for their performance Sunday:
Seattle Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: n. 臀部
分布：后膛(85%)，给...穿上裤子(15%)
→词源同break, 分开。形容枪炮后膛的分叉状。
adjective
■If a baby in the womb is in a breech position, it is lying so that the lower part of its body will come out first （臀位、横位等）分娩异常的
• a breech birth/delivery 臀位分娩
n. 臀部；后膛
 - bottom, hip

Word: boob
Front: boob
[bu:b] (16713/27554)
Vocabulary: boob
(once / 13371 pages)
1n 2nv
Boob is a word for a woman's breast — it's also a word for an idiot. So if you're staring at a lady's boobs, you probably look like a boob.
This is a very common slang word that's not really inappropriate. Nobody is going to get too mad about you using the word boob, though breast is definitely more anatomically correct. The other meaning of boob is similar to dope, dumbbell, dummy, pinhead, and numbskull. This meaning is also pretty harmless. Calling someone a boob is only a little insulting — not quite fighting words.
WORD FAMILY
boob: boobed, boobing, boobs
USAGE EXAMPLES
I and anyone with any sense thinks he's a boob.
New York Times(Feb 09, 2013)
A top police officer who exposed her breast and mocked a colleague's "boob job" during a drunken tirade, committed "gross misconduct".
BBC(Dec 01, 2016)
Low point: From the show: “We Saw Your Boobs” in 2013.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 笨蛋; 蠢材; （女人的）乳房; 愚蠢的错误
时态：boobed, boobing, boobs
分布：笨蛋(59%)，蠢材(31%)，犯错(10%)
→来自booby的逆构词。
noun countable
MISTAKE 错误 UK informal
■a silly mistake 愚蠢的错误
• Forgetting the President's name was a bit of a boob. 把总统的名字忘了是个愚蠢的错误。
[bu:b] noun countable
BREAST 胸部 very informal
■a woman's breast （女人的）乳房
• You know her - blonde hair and big boobs. 你认识她的——金发，高耸的乳房。
[bu:b] verb intransitive
■to make a silly mistake 犯愚蠢的错误
• He boobed rather badly by getting her name wrong. 他犯了个十分愚蠢的错误，居然把她的名字搞错了。
n. 蠢材，笨蛋；女人的乳房
 - simple, turkey, put

Word: biosphere
Front: biosphere
[ˈbaɪəʊsfɪə(r)] (宝 14277/27240 -1)
Vocabulary: biosphere
(once / 61882 pages)
n
A biosphere is a place where organisms live. You wouldn't want to travel beyond the earth's biosphere, unless of course you are an astronaut.
From the Greek bios, "life," and sphaira, "sphere," biosphere came into English use in the 19th century. It means the life that occurs within a certain sphere or region around a planet. If you're reading this from Mars you probably have a biosphere all your own. You and other living things on Earth need oxygen and other substances to survive, and the biosphere fulfills those needs.
WORD FAMILY
biosphere: biospheres
USAGE EXAMPLES
Minor casualties on the road to a much more stable and less extinction-prone biosphere.
Nature(Dec 13, 2016)
It is, at certain times of the year, an easy access biosphere in inhospitable terrain.
The Guardian(Dec 14, 2016)
Biosphere reserves promote sustainable growth and protect ecosystems through the establishment of strongly protected core zones, together with as buffer zones and transition zones.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 生物圈; 生物界; 生物层
分布：生物圈(100%)
生物圈(bio+sphere圈→生命圈)[bio,bi=life,表示"生命,生物"]
【记】bio生命，sphere球，圈－生物圈
【参】atmosphere（n 大气层）；hemisphere（n 半球）
US [-oʊ.sfɪr] specialized
noun uncountable
■the part of the Earth's environment where life exists 生物圈
n. [生态] 生物圈
 - ecosphere

Word: boatload
Front: boatload
['bəʊtləʊd] (24866/42070)
Back: n. 船的载货量，一条船的货物
分布：船的载货量(34%)，大量(33%)，一条船的货物(33%)
US ['boʊt.loʊd] noun countable
■the number of people or the amount of something that can be transported by a boat 船载量
• a boatload of refugees/tourists 一船的难民／旅客
■informal
■a large amount 大量
• They made boatloads of money from that project. 他们从那个企划案中赚了大钱。
n. 一条船的货物；船的载货量
 - burden

Word: busload
Front: busload
[ˈbʌsləʊd] (22035/39421)
Back: n. 公共汽车运载量
分布：运载量(100%)

Word: cantonment
Front: cantonment
[kænˈtɒnmənt] (40524/47186)
Back: n. 宿营地; （临时性的）军营; 兵营; （印度的）兵站
分布：兵营(67%)，训练营地(33%)
→来自词根cant, 弯，转，角落，词源同decant, canteen. -on, 大词后缀。用于军事术语。
n. 宿营地；兵营
 - etape

Word: capacious
Front: capacious
[kəˈpeɪʃəs] (托宝 23330/22736)
Vocabulary: capacious
(once / 2639 pages)
adj
When something is really big and holds a lot it is capacious, like a woman's capacious purse that is so big, people mistake it for a piece of luggage.
Have you ever seen a Fourth of July hot dog eating contest? As you watch people wolf down 60 or more hot dogs in a matter of minutes, you must be thinking, "Where do they put all that food?" Well, it helps to have a capacious stomach. The suffix -ous adds "full of" to capacity; capacious is literally "full of capacity." If something is capacious, it has plenty of extra room.
WORD FAMILY
capacious: capaciously, capaciousness+/capacitate: capacitated, capacitates, capacitating, incapacitate / capacity: capacious, capacitate, capacities, incapacity/ incapacitate: incapacitated, incapacitates, incapacitating/incapacity: incapacities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Shakespeare’s work is more capacious than Lloyd’s interpretive scheme.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 19, 2016)
That ability is more capacious than he suggests.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
The sea of Cubans who came to say goodbye was massive, spilling out of the capacious plaza into the surrounding boulevards.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 宽敞的，气度宏大的
分布：宽敞的(44%)，广阔的(31%)，容量大的(25%)
宽阔的;容积大的(capacity形容词)[cap,capt,cept,ceive,cip,cup=take,hold,seize,表示"拿,抓,握住"]
宽敞的(cap能→的+acious;参考:capble有能力的)[-acious表形容词"有特征的,多...的"]
[kə'peɪ.ʃəs] formal
adjective
■able to contain a lot; having a lot of space 容量大的；空间大的
• a capacious pocket/handbag 大口袋／手提袋
adj. 宽敞的；广阔的；容积大的
 - extensive, vast, wider, spacious

Word: cavil
Front: cavil
[ˈkævl] (宝 44636/43052)
Vocabulary: cavil
(once / 4385 pages)
vn
If your only cavil to your family's trip to Disney World is that you don't like airline food, you're not representing the anti-Mickey side of the argument very well. A cavil is a small or petty objection.
Cavil is not a word that comes up all that often. You can replace it with the more commonly used word quibble and still have the same meaning. If you cavil over a restaurant bill, you argue about the minute, unimportant details of who owes what –– like whether your portion of the bill is $10.00 or $10.50.
WORD FAMILY
cavil: caviled, caviler, caviling, cavilled, cavilling, cavils+/caviler: cavilers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Journalists may cavil about Britain's "rickety constitutional arrangements", but how are ours doing these days?
New York Times(Oct 16, 2016)
There is much to cavil about along these lines.
New York Times(Sep 28, 2016)
Despite my few cavils, “Avid Reader” will be avidly read by anyone interested in the publishing world of the past 60 years.
Washington Post(Sep 14, 2016)
Back: vi. 挑剔，吹毛求疵
n. 吹毛求疵的意见
时态：cavilled, cavilling, cavils
分布：吹毛求疵(56%)，无端指摘(22%)，挑毛病(22%)
→来自kel, 欺骗，挑刺，词源同calumny, challenge.
【记】cav＝cave牙洞，il＝ill病了：给牙挑毛病－吹毛求疵civil（adj 全民的；市民的；有礼貌的）不会cavil
['kæv.əl] (-ll- or US USUALLY -l-)
verb intransitive formal
■to make unreasonable complaints, especially about things that are not important 无端指责，挑剔，吹毛求疵
vi. 吹毛求疵；挑剔
 - nit-pick, find quarrel in a straw
vt. 吹毛求疵；无端指摘
 - find quarrel in a straw, nibble at
n. 吹毛求疵；苛责；无端的指责
 - fault-finding, hypercriticism

Word: chaser
Front: chaser
[ˈtʃeɪsə(r)] (17437/20241 -1)
Back: n. 追赶者; 追猎者，猎人; [航]追击舰; 饮烈酒后喝的饮料
分布：驱逐舰(34%)，猎人(33%)，雕刻工(11%)，烈酒后饮品(11%)，螺纹梳刀(11%)
→来自chase，追逐，追加。
US [-sɚ] noun countable UK a small alcoholic drink which is drunk after a weaker alcoholic drink （饮过淡酒之后喝的）烈酒
• beer with a whisky chaser 喝过啤酒后接着喝一点威士卡
■US
■a drink with little or no alcohol in it which is drunk after a small strong alcoholic drink （饮过一点烈酒后喝的）淡酒，饮料
• whisky with a beer chaser 喝过威士卡后接着喝一点啤酒
• tequila with a grapefruit-juice chaser 饮过龙舌兰酒后接着喝一杯葡萄柚汁
n. 驱逐舰；猎人；饮烈酒后喝的饮料； [机] 螺纹梳刀
 - hunter, destroyer

Word: chittagong
Front: chittagong
[ˈtʃitəɡɔŋ] None
Back: n. 吉大港（位于孟加拉）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: childlike
Front: childlike
[ˈtʃaɪldlaɪk] (12874/18930 -1)
Back: adj. 孩子般的; 天真的
分布：孩子似的(60%)，天真烂漫的(40%)
孩子般的(child孩子)[-like表形容词"像…一样"]
adjective
■(of adults) showing the good qualities that children have, such as trusting people, being honest and enthusiastic （成人）孩子般的，单纯的，纯真无邪的
• a childlike innocence/quality 孩子般的天真无邪／气质
• All her life she had a childlike trust in other people. 她一辈子都对人怀有单纯的信任。
Compare childish
childish, childlike
childish: 幼稚的。如：It was very childish of him to lose his temper over something so unimportant.
childlike: 孩子般天真的。如：When she won the gold medal, there was childlike smile on her face.

Word: clipboard
Front: clipboard
[ˈklɪpbɔ:d] (13475/20658)
Back: n. 有纸夹的笔记板，剪贴板
分布：剪贴板(97%)，付有纸夹的笔记板(3%)
US [-bɔ:rd] noun
WRITING SURFACE 书写板
countable
■a board with a clip at the top which holds sheets of paper in position, and which provides a surface for writing on 写字夹板；带夹写字板
• A woman with a clipboard stopped us in the street to ask us some questions. 有一个手拿写字夹板的女人在街上拦住我们问了一些问题。
UK ['klɪp.bɔ:d] US [-bɔ:rd] noun
COMPUTING 电脑
countable usually singular
■an area for storing information temporarily in a computer when you are moving it from one position or document to another （电脑上的）剪贴板
• You draw the shape somewhere on your worksheet, click on it and copy it to the clipboard. 在工作表上画出图形，点击选中然后将其复制到剪贴板上。

Word: codex
Front: codex
[ˈkəʊdeks] (23082/38008)
Back: n. （圣书、古代典籍的）抄本; 法律; 规则; 药典
分布：药典(43%)，法典(38%)，古抄本(19%)
→拉丁词，原指树干，后指树干上书写的文字，帐本，医典，古书手抄本等。
US ['koʊ-] (plural codices) specialized
noun countable
■an ancient book which was written by hand （古代典籍的）手抄本
n. 法典；古抄本；药典
 - corpus juris, pharmacopoeia

Word: compensatory
Front: compensatory
[ˌkɒmpen'seɪtərɪ] (托宝 14201/16169)
Back: adj. 补偿性的; 代偿
分布：赔偿的(55%)，补偿的(45%)
ADJ
赔偿的;补偿的
Compensatory payments involve money paid as compensation.
例：The jury awarded $11.2 million in compensatory damages.陪审团裁定需要支付1,120万美元以赔偿损失。
ADJ
补偿性质的;弥补性质的
Compensatory measures are designed to help people who have special problems or disabilities.
例：Money should be spent on compensatory programmes for deprived pre-school and infant-school children.钱应该花在为不能享有学前班和幼儿学校教育的儿童设置的补偿教育项目上。
adj. 补偿的，赔偿的
 - saving, indemnificatory

Word: complimentary
Front: complimentary
[ˌkɒmplɪˈmentri] (托 13108/11238 -1)
Vocabulary: complimentary
(once / 1745 pages)
adj
If you say something complimentary, like "Grandma, that plastic flower looks so pretty in your hair," you are flattering, praising or admiring someone.
"Resembling a compliment" is one way to define the word complimentary, when you use it in the sense of giving praise. A second meaning of complimentary is "free." If your hotel includes breakfast with the price of your room, they may call it a complimentary breakfast. It's easy to get complimentary confused with complementary, which sounds exactly the same but means "filling in or completing."
WORD FAMILY
complimentary: complimentarily, uncomplimentary+/ compliment: complimentary, complimented, complimenting, compliments/uncomplimentary: uncomplimentarily
USAGE EXAMPLES
Lane argued it was a complimentary reference to physical strength and “was not accompanied by any overtly racial slurs.”
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Each ticket includes headset rental and one complimentary sparkling wine toast. 9 p.m.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
Mr. Muilenburg was also complimentary of Mr. Trump, saying “he’s a good man. And he’s doing the right thing.”
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 表示敬意的; 赞美的; 恭维的; 赠送的
adv. 崇敬地，赞美地，赞许地
分布：免费赠送的(45%)，称赞的(29%)，问候的(26%)
→来自compliment, 恭贺，道贺。现该词主要用于在基本服务基础上的免费升级，如免费升舱，免费早餐等。
【反】scathing（adj 尖刻的）；vituperative（adj 辱骂的）
US [ˌkɑ:m.plɪ'men.tˌɚ-] adjective
PRAISING 赞美的
■praising or expressing admiration for someone 赞美的；赞赏的；恭维的
• The reviews of his latest film have been highly complimentary. 评论文章对他的最新影片高度赞赏。
• She wasn't very complimentary about your performance, was she? 她对你的表演不怎么赞赏，是吗？
• Our guests said some very complimentary things about the meal I'd cooked. 我们的客人对我做的饭菜大加赞赏。
Opposite uncomplimentary
UK [ˌkɒm.plɪ'men.tər.i] US [ˌkɑ:m.plɪ'men.tˌɚ-] adjective
FREE 免费的
■If tickets, books, etc. are complimentary, they are given free, especially by a business. （尤指票、书等由公司）免费赠送的
adj. 赠送的；称赞的；问候的
 - laudatory

Word: damnation
Front: damnation
[dæmˈneɪʃn] (20189/20236)
Vocabulary: damnation
(once / 2105 pages)
n
Damnation is the act of damning, which is a lot like condemning. Damnation dooms people.
In many religious traditions, when someone is damned, it means they are doomed to suffer horribly in hell forever. Damnation, therefore, is the action of sending someone to hell. However, this word can refer to other forms of being condemned. Being sentenced to prison is a type of damnation. Being disgraced in public is a type of damnation. Anything that dooms you is damnation of a sort. Often, damnation comes from our own actions.
WORD FAMILY
damnation: damnations+/ damn: damnable, damnation, damnatory, damned, damnedly, damning, damningly, damns/damnable: damnablest, damnably/damned: damnedest
USAGE EXAMPLES
That human yearning for moral certainty and clarity, even at the risk of extinguishment or fiery damnation, runs through Cohen’s lyrics.
Salon(Nov 12, 2016)
Clinton “will be the damnation of America,” he said.
Seattle Times(Nov 05, 2016)
Very few of the ads from either party go so far as to mention the Republican, either with praise or damnation.
Time(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: n. 罚入地狱，遭天谴
分布：诅咒(72%)，非难(14%)，被罚下地狱(14%)
→来自damn, 诅咒，谴责。
noun uncountable
■the act of sending someone to hell or the state of being in hell 投进地狱；遭天谴，下地狱
• He believed that he would be condemned to eternal damnation for what he had done. 他相信由于自己的所作所为，会被打进地狱，永不得超生。
n. 诅咒；非难；被罚下地狱
 - curse, anathema
int. 糟了；该死
 - hell, Gadsbodikins

Word: cutlery
Front: cutlery
[ˈkʌtləri] (宝 22380/12080 -1)
Back: n. 刀具，刀叉; 刀剑制造业
分布：刀具业(100%)
→置换自拉丁语culter,刀，来自skel,砍，劈，词源同cleave,scale.-ery,集合名词后缀。拼写 受cut 影响俗化。
【记】cut切
US [-lɚ.i] UK (US usually silverware)
noun uncountable
■knives, forks and spoons used for eating food （刀、叉、匙等）餐具 Compare crockery
n. 餐具；刀剑制造业
 - silver, tableware

Word: demob
Front: demob
[ˌdi:ˈmɒb] (-/35530)
Back: n. 遣散，复员
时态：demobbed, demobbing, demobs
分布：使退伍(100%)
US [-'mɑ:b] verb transitive (-bb-) informal for
■ demobilize
UK [ˌdi:'mɒb] US [-'mɑ:b] noun uncountable informal for
■ demobilization
vt. 遣散；使复员
 - deactivate
n. 复员；遣散
 - disbandment

Word: deccan

Word: danzig

Word: debauchery
Front: debauchery
[dɪˈbɔ:tʃəri] (25940/23365)
Vocabulary: debauchery
(once / 3116 pages)
n
Debauchery is a noun meaning crazy partying and wild nights, usually accompanied by a lot of alcohol. So you probably don't want to engage in any kind of debauchery the night before an exam.
Debauchery is all about indulging in some of life's pleasures — overindulging, in fact. It stems from the Middle French word debaucher, which means to “entice from work or duty.” So imagine workers being tempted from another day at the office by the promise of a wild bender in Vegas. Or college kids putting down the books and heeding the siren call of the frat party downstairs.
WORD FAMILY
debauchery: debaucheries+/ debauch: debauched, debauchee, debaucher, debauchery, debauches, debauching/debauchee: debauchees/debaucher: debauchers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Participants are encouraged to donate to charity and to “follow the Santa code,” which requires a full Santa costume and condemns debauchery.
Time(Dec 09, 2016)
In the last two years, the Weeknd transformed from dark lord of debauchery and sin to bright lord of debauchery and sin.
New York Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Thanks to his newest music video, you can now experience the debauchery of a Drizzy gathering firsthand.
Time(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: n. 道德败坏; 淫荡; 放荡; 淫逸
分布：放荡(89%)，沉湎酒色(11%)
→来自debauch, 堕落。
US [-'bɑ:.tʃɚ-] noun uncountable
■bad sexual behaviour, drinking too much alcohol, taking drugs, etc. 糜烂的，放荡的；沉湎酒色的；嗜毒的
• a life of debauchery 糜烂的生活
n. 放荡；纵情酒色；堕落
 - corruption, degradation, deterioration

Word: darn
Front: darn
[dɑ:n] (12299/33103 -1)
Vocabulary: darn
(once / 1180 pages)
1vn 2n
To darn is to stitch up a small hole in a piece of clothing. Instead of throwing your worn-out socks away, you can just darn the holes in their toes.
When you darn your socks or sweaters, you use a needle and thread to close small holes in the woven fabric. There's even a specific stitch known as a "darning stitch," in which you first weave the thread with the grain of the fabric, and then fill in the other "woven" direction. The result is a sturdy patch made only of thread. Darn comes from the Middle French darner, "mend."
WORD FAMILY
darn: darned, darner, darning, darns+/darned: darnedest/darner: darners/darning: darnings
USAGE EXAMPLES
But she said the recount was consistent with a Wisconsin trait, she said: “the fact that we have so darn many elections.”
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
“I am trying to eat well. The law doesn’t give a darn,” Morgan said.
Washington Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Carmen and her pal are so darn horrified now, maybe they should have been a little less critical of Hunny Bunny when it mattered.
Washington Post(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 织补; 缝补; 补缀
n. 织补之处; 补丁
时态：darned, darning, darns
分布：织补(91%)，补钉(9%)
→1.织补，来自dher, 固定，支撑，词源同endure, firm. 引申词义织补。
【记】用yarn（n 纱线）来darn。读：大恩（人），设想你站在dais前讲话，突然裤子开了，这是，冲上一美女（帅男），只用了一秒钟就帮你封好了，不但避免了你的出丑，还展开了一段轰轰烈烈的……，你说，她（他）不是你的大恩人吗？
US [dɑ:rn] verb transitive
■to repair a hole or a piece of clothing with long stitches across the hole and other stitches woven across them 缝补；织补
• She still darns the holes in her socks. 她还穿补过的袜子。
UK [dɑ:n] US [dɑ:rn] exclamation informal
■used instead of damn to express anger （用于替代 damn）可恶，可恨，讨厌
• Darn it ! There goes my bus! 讨厌！我要坐的公车刚刚开走！
v. 织补，缝补
 - stitch up, knit up
n. 织补
 - dern

Word: disallow
Front: disallow
[ˌdɪsəˈlaʊ] (托 20751/16065 -1)
Vocabulary: disallow
(once / 7011 pages)
v
When you disallow something, you prohibit it. Teachers usually disallow cell phones in their classrooms.
You're most likely to come across the verb disallow in official or formal contexts, like a list of rules in a courtroom or within the wording of a law. Referees often disallow certain actions in sports matches, and prison wardens disallow many kinds of behavior by prisoners. The word comes from allow, with its root allouen, "to praise, approve of, or be pleased with," with the Latin prefix dis in front, here meaning "do the opposite of."
WORD FAMILY
disallow: disallowed, disallowing, disallows+/ allow: allowable, allowance, allowed, allowing, allows, disallow /allowable: allowably/ allowance: allowanced, allowances, allowancing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Bankruptcy Judge David T. Thuma concluded a Monday hearing by disallowing the claim by the Sisters.
Washington Times(Dec 15, 2016)
However, the goal was disallowed after a review showed Henrique kicked the puck in.
Washington Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Unfortunately for the Dane that effort was rightly disallowed for a combination of offside and handball.
The Guardian(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: vt. 不接受; 不准; 驳回
时态：disallowed, disallowing, disallows
分布：驳回(79%)，不许(21%)
verb transitive
■to state officially that something cannot be accepted because it has not been done in the correct way; to not allow something 不承认；驳回；不允许
• The England team had two goals disallowed. 英格兰队的两次进球被判无效。
vt. 驳回，不接受；不准许
 - wave sth. away, set aside

Word: diabolical
Front: diabolical
[ˌdaɪəˈbɒlɪkl] (宝 19967/19383)
Vocabulary: diabolical
(once / 1981 pages)
adj
Diabolical means "evil." This is a strong word. Too much math homework might seem unfair, but it probably isn't diabolical.
Diabolical is related to the Spanish word diablo, which means "devil." In many religions and mythologies, you can't get any more evil than a devil, so diabolical is a powerful term, stronger than even despicable, which is another strong word for things that are hateful. Diabolical things are also intentional. If you got hit by lightning, that's awful and harmful, but it's not diabolical. If someone deliberately runs you over with a car, that's much more diabolical.
WORD FAMILY
diabolic: diabolical, diabolically, diabolise, diabolize+/ devil: deviled, deviling, devilise, devilish, devilize, devilled, devilling, devilment, devilry, devils, deviltry, diabolic / devilish: devilishly/devilment: devilments/devilry: devilries/deviltry: deviltries/diabolise: diabolised, diabolising/diabolize: diabolized, diabolizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
This puts Washington fans in the diabolical position of possibly adopting Cowboys fandom for a night.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
He learns that they need money to stage their production, and he gets an angelically diabolical idea—he offers them the money, with a condition.
The New Yorker(Dec 16, 2016)
Mr. Maduro’s government alleges all manner of diabolical plots involving Venezuelan currency.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 恶魔的，残忍的
分布：残忍的(49%)，恶魔的(42%)，糟糕的(9%)
→来自拉丁语diabolus, 穿过，诽谤，攻击，词源同devil. 即魔鬼般的，糟糕透顶的。
【记】Diablo（暗黑破坏神，一个著名游戏的名称，又称恐惧）
【反】beneficent（adj 慈善的）－diabolic（adj 魔鬼似的）seraphic（adj 纯洁的；天使一般的）
US [-'bɑ:.lɪ.kəl/ (US also diabolic)
adjective informal
■extremely bad or shocking 糟糕透顶的，差得惊人的
• Conditions in the prison were diabolical. 该监狱里的条件差得惊人。
• His driving is diabolical! 他的开车技术差得要命！
■evil, or caused by the Devil 邪恶的，恶魔般的
adj. 恶魔的
 - demonic, infernal

Word: desiccated
Front: desiccated
[ˈdesɪkeɪtɪd] (24128/23936)
Vocabulary: desiccated
(once / 19699 pages)
adj
To be desiccated is to be dried out. If you like desiccated fruit, you like dried fruit — such as raisins or dried apricots.
Something that's described with the adjective desiccated is extremely dry, or parched. During a drought, the ground becomes cracked and desiccated. Removing moisture and humidity from something is what makes it become desiccated. The Latin root, desiccatus, means "to make very dry."
WORD FAMILY
desiccate: desiccated, desiccates, desiccating, desiccation
USAGE EXAMPLES
Why is a desiccated piece of fruit so important?
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
Burtynsky shot mesmerizing vistas of mountain reservoirs, desiccated lakes, agriculture, and suburban sprawl.
The New Yorker(Dec 11, 2016)
Maybe it was tiredness or the desiccated in-cabin air, but both times I got very emotional while working my way through the closing pages.
Slate(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 干的，粉状的
v. 使干燥(desiccate的过去式); 变干
分布：干燥的(60%)，脱水的(20%)，动词desiccate的过去式和过去分词形式.(20%)
→de-, 向下，强调，完全的。-sicc, 干，干旱，词源同siccative.
【反】sodden（adj 湿透的）
US [-tˌɪd] adjective
■dried 干的；干燥的；脱水的
• 100g of desiccated (= dried and broken into small pieces) coconut 100克椰子干
■disapproving
■not interesting or completely without imagination 干巴巴的；无趣的；毫无新意的
• All the party seems to have to offer is the same desiccated old ideas. 这个政党只会提些陈腔滥调。
adj. 干的（等于desiccate）；粉状的
 - dry, exsuccous
v. 使干燥（desiccate的过去式）；变干
 - unwatered

Word: dielectric
Front: dielectric
[ˌdaɪɪ'lektrɪk] (29485/30940)
Back: n. 电介质，绝缘体
adj. 非传导性的
分布：电介质(86%)，绝缘体(10%)，非传导性的(4%)
n. [电磁] [电] 电介质；绝缘体
 - insulator, isolater

Word: dolce
Front: dolce
[ˈdɒltʃeɪ] None
Back: n. 悦耳而柔和的记号，柔声音栓
adj. 温柔的
分布：悦耳而柔和的(75%)，轻柔甜美地(25%)
adj. 温柔的，甜美的；悦耳而柔和的
 - tender, soft, fond
n. 柔和，柔美；记号
 - marks, sign

Word: econometrics
Front: econometrics
[ɪˌkɒnə'metrɪks] (41269/-)
Back: n. 计量经济学
分布：经济计量学(100%)
US [-ˌkɑ:.nə-] specialized
noun uncountable
■the testing of the performance of economies and economic theories using mathematical methods 计量经济学

Word: electrocution
Front: electrocution
[ɪˌlektrə'kju:ʃn] (27673/41599)
Back: n. 电刑，电死; 电处死
分布：触电死亡(63%)，电刑处死(37%)
n. 电刑；电死
 - electric chair

Word: chuffed
Front: chuffed
[tʃʌft] (-/24570)
Back: adj. 高兴的，开心的
分布：开心的(100%)
[tʃʌft] UK informal
adjective [after verb]
■pleased or happy 满意的；高兴的，开心的
• He was really chuffed with his present. 他对收到的礼物确实非常满意。
adj. 高兴的
 - happy, pleased, glad, delighted, cheerful

Word: clapper
Front: clapper
[ˈklæpə(r)] (27583/34322)
Vocabulary: clapper
(once / 7917 pages)
1n 2n 3n
The tongue of a bell — the part inside that swings to make the bell ring — is called the clapper. The Liberty Bell cracked the first time the clapper struck the sides of the bell. The bell was recast twice, but eventually the clapper cracked that bell as well.
The noun clapper is based on clap, from the Old English word clappan, which means to clap, throb, or beat. The word is supposed to be imitative of the sound the thing makes. When the clapper strikes the inside of a bell, it makes the bell ring. If you need the bell to be silent, you have to muffle the clapper to keep it from striking the inside of the bell and making a sound.
WORD FAMILY
clapper: clappers+/ clap: clapped, clapper, clapping, claps/clapping: clappings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Director of National Intelligence James Clapper later directly attributed that attack to Iranian hackers.
Washington Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Two US officials have told the Guardian that the FBI was reluctant to sign off on Clapper and Johnson’s public allegation.
The Guardian(Nov 30, 2016)
Chelsea, going along like the clappers, unsurprisingly name an unchanged side.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: n. <英俚>飞快地; 拍板; 铃锤; 拍手者
分布：响板(29%)，拍手者(27%)，铃舌(24%)，钟锤(20%)
→来自clap,叮当作响。
【记】clap（v 鼓掌，轻拍），per表示人或东西－鼓掌者；铃锤
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a piece of metal which hangs inside a bell and makes the bell ring when it hits the sides 铃舌；钟锤
UK ['klæp.ər] US [-ɚ] noun countable
like the clappers UK old-fashioned informal
■extremely fast 飞快地
• You'll have to run like the clappers if you want to catch your train. 要是你想赶上火车就得飞奔。
n. 拍手者；铃舌；响板；唠唠叨叨的嘴巴
 - castanet, soundboard

Word: columba

Word: suffocation
Front: suffocation
[ˌsʌfə'keɪʃn] (24381/21571)
Back: n. 窒息
分布：窒息(100%)
n. 窒息；闷死
 - asphyxia, apnea

Word: spitfire
Front: spitfire
[ˈspitˌfaiə] (28138/13240)
Back: n. 极易生气的女子，脾气乖戾的女子，烈性子的女人; 喷火式战斗机
分布：喷火的东西(50%)，烈性子(50%)

Word: southwestern
Front: southwestern
[saʊθ'westən] (7465/25820 -1)
Back: adj. 西南的，西南部的
n. 西南人，住在西南部的人
分布：西南的(100%)
US [-tɚn] (written abbreviation SW)
adjective
■in or from the southwest 西南的；来自西南的
• The southwestern corner of Britain is the warmest. 英国的西南端最为温暖。

Word: spellbind
Front: spellbind
['spelbaɪnd] (-/46802)
Back: vt. 用符咒迷惑，迷住，使入迷
时态：spellbound, spellbinding, spellbinds
分布：迷惑(50%)，吸引(50%)
vt. 迷住；用妖术迷惑
 - possess, captivate

Word: punctilious
Front: punctilious
[pʌŋkˈtɪliəs] (宝 35050/24886)
Vocabulary: punctilious
(once / 4270 pages)
adj
A punctilious person pays attention to details. Are you always precisely on time? Is your room perfectly neat? Do you never forget a birthday or a library book's due date? Then you are one of the punctilious people.
The adjective punctilious, pronounced "punk-TIL-ee-us," is related to the Italian word puntiglio, meaning "fine point." For someone who is punctilious no point is too fine, no detail too small, to be overlooked. The word is often used to describe people, but it can be used more broadly to apply to observations, behavior, or anything else that is characterized by close attention to detail.
WORD FAMILY
punctilious: punctiliously, punctiliousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
In this and in other small ways I sensed a power struggle, which is at odds with the otherwise punctilious hospitality.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
In the end, Knopf declined to enter the lists, but other publishers were not so punctilious.
The New Yorker(Dec 04, 2016)
She came across as secretive and perhaps not quite punctilious in her observance of the law.
Economist(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 拘礼的; 拘谨的; 谨小慎微的; 拘泥形式的
分布：一丝不苟的(40%)，精密细心的(30%)，谨小慎微的(30%)
→来自拉丁语punctum,点，刺点，来自pungere,刺，击，词源同pungent,point.引申词义一丝不苟的。
谨小慎微的(punct+ilious→[做事]点滴不漏→小心的)[point,punct=point,make sharp,表示"点,变尖"]
【记】punct点，尖，ilious－注意每个点－小心的读：胖ctiliouis，胖子在吃东西的时候要小心。
【参】punctual（adj 准时的）；punctuate（v 加标点）；puncture（n 小孔；v 刺破）
【反】slipshod（adj 漫不经心的）；remiss（adj 玩忽职守的）
[pʌŋk'tɪl.i.əs] formal
adjective
■very careful to behave correctly or to give attention to details 一丝不苟的；循规蹈矩的
• He was always punctilious in his manners. 他的举止总是循规蹈矩。
adj. 一丝不苟的；精密细心的；拘泥形式的
 - meticulous, scrupulous

Word: mythic
Front: mythic
[ˈmɪθɪk] (12053/22198)
Back: adj. 神话的，虚构的
分布：形容词(100%)
→来自myth,神话。
ADJ
神话的;只存在于神话中的
Someone or something that is mythic exists only in myths and is therefore imaginary.
例：...the mythic figure of King Arthur.亚瑟王这一传奇人物
ADJ-GRADED
很著名的;很重要的
If you describe someone or something as mythic, you mean that they have become very famous or important.
例：...a team whose reputation has achieved mythic proportions...声名显赫的球队
例：His rapid rise to power has given him a near-mythic status in the industry.他迅速升任要职，这让他在业界近乎被神化了。
adj. 神话的；虚构的
 - fictitious, imaginary

Word: mucus
Front: mucus
[ˈmju:kəs] (17872/15902 -1)
Vocabulary: mucus
(once / 2864 pages)
n
Mucus is snot and other slime from inside your body. More specifically, mucus is a secretion of your body's mucus membranes that lubricates the inside of your body and helps protect you from bacteria. You’re welcome.
Even the history of the word mucus is gross — roots from Greek and Latin all mean “snot” and “slippery, slimy.” Mucus drips out of your nose and even slips down your throat when you’re sick. This happens because your membranes produce too much mucus when you’re sick. Mucus isn’t all bad though — your body uses it to help food go down your throat easier, and it keeps bacteria out. Mucus is gross, but germs are worse!
WORD FAMILY
mucus: mucous
USAGE EXAMPLES
Your airways are lined with hairlike cilia that consolidate microbes and mucus and help move it toward the exit.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
Cystic fibrosis causes a thick buildup of mucus in the lungs, pancreas and other organs.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
He explained that Wiggins was sent a drug called fluimucil, designed to break up mucus in the lungs, but offered no further proof.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. 粘液; （动植物的）黏液
分布：黏液(100%)
→来自拉丁语mucus,鼻涕，黏液，来自meug,黏的，黏滑的，词源同muggy,match,muck.
noun uncountable
■a thick liquid produced inside the nose and other parts of the body （黏膜分泌的）黏液
• This drug reduces mucus production in the gut. 这种药可以减少肠道的黏液分泌。
n. 粘液；黏液
 - grume, phlegm

Word: muckrake
Front: muckrake
['mʌkreɪk] None
Vocabulary: muckrake
(once / 22556 pages)
v
To muckrake is to write stories revealing scandals about politicians and other powerful people. If you want to muckrake for a living, try getting a job writing for a tabloid.
Someone who muckrakes is called a muckraker, and their job is to investigate public figures and expose anything they discover that's illegal or unethical. Many journalists muckrake during political campaigns, reporting on personal scandals, corruption, and sometimes simply gossip. The term muckrake initially meant, literally, "to rake muck," but in 1906 President Roosevelt popularized the "investigative reporting" meaning of the word.
WORD FAMILY
muckrake: muckraked, muckraker, muckrakes, muckraking+/ muckraker: muckrakers
USAGE EXAMPLES
In New Delhi, the well-known muckraking magazine Tehelka was forced to cease operations temporarily in the early aughts, after becoming the target of governmental investigations.
The New Yorker(Dec 20, 2016)
Amnesty has taken up the cases of such protesters as the art group Pussy Riot, in Russia, or the muckraking journalist Khadija Ismayilova, in Azerbaijan.
The New Yorker(Oct 12, 2016)
The magazine won a prestigious George Polk Award for reporting that year, with judges citing its “explosive revival of the great muckraking tradition.”
Washington Post(Aug 30, 2016)
Back: vi. （尤指在名人间）搜集并揭发丑事
时态：muckraked, muckraking, muckrakes
分布：揭发丑闻(100%)

Word: arrondissement
Front: arrondissement
[ɑ:rəndɪ'səmənt] (30252/39436)
Back: n. 郡（法国的政区）; （尤指巴黎等大城市的）区
分布：法国的行政区(100%)
n. 郡，法国的行政区
 - county, shire

Word: assuredly
Front: assuredly
[əˈʃʊərədli] (托 20165/21841)
Back: adv. 确实地，确信地; 管教
分布：确实地(60%)，确信地(40%)
无疑地[sur=sure表示"肯定"]
US [-'ʃʊr.ɪd-] adverb
CONFIDENTLY 自信地
■confidently
• After a disappointing first set, Hewitt played assuredly and went on to win the match. 尽管第一局表现令人失望，休伊特信心十足，稳扎稳打，最终反败为胜。
UK [ə'ʃɔ:.rɪd.li] US [-'ʃʊr.ɪd-] adverb
CERTAINLY 肯定地
■certainly
• These problems might not be solved by money alone, but they will assuredly not be solved without it. 仅仅靠钱或许解决不了这些问题，但是没有钱肯定不能解决。
adv. 确实地；确信地
 - strictly, undoubtedly, real

Word: attila

Word: avaricious
Front: avaricious
[ˌævə'rɪʃəs] (托宝 31040/32900)
Vocabulary: avaricious
(once / 3749 pages)
adj
Someone who is avaricious is greedy or grasping, concerned with gaining wealth. The suggestion is that an avaricious person will do anything to achieve material gain, and it is, in general, not a pleasant attribute.
The Latin verb avēre, meaning "to crave" provides the groundwork for the word avaricious and its definition as "greedy or covetous." The adjective is applied to anyone who "craves" great wealth, and suggests that desire for personal gain is an overriding influence in the avaricious person's life. The widespread quality of this selfishness was cleverly noted by Voltaire, who wrote, “Men hate the individual whom they call avaricious only because nothing can be gained from him.”
WORD FAMILY
avaricious: avariciously, avariciousness+/ avarice: avarices, avaricious
USAGE EXAMPLES
Previous—and poorer, less avaricious—presidents approached such matters like Caesar’s wife, so they would be beyond reproach on issues of conflict of interest.
Time(Dec 23, 2016)
In contrast, today’s widely held caricature of an avaricious, selfish and manipulative crook is to me just plain wrong.
Seattle Times(Nov 05, 2016)
A best-seller code, packaged and licensed to wannabe authors and ambitious/avaricious/or some such publishing houses, could be very useful.
The New Yorker(Sep 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 贪婪的，贪得无厌的; 狼贪虎视; 饕
分布：贪婪的(69%)，贪财的(31%)
【记】见avarice
【反】contented（adj 满足的）
adj. 贪婪的；贪得无厌的
 - greedy, grasping

Word: belgravia

Word: bighorn
Front: bighorn
['bɪɡhɔ:n] (24606/-)
Back: n. <美>大角羊，加拿大盘羊
分布：洛矶山羊(100%)

Word: bilious
Front: bilious
[ˈbɪliəs] (宝 32379/34198)
Vocabulary: bilious
(once / 5261 pages)
adj
If an unpleasant meal has left you feeling grumpy and looking green, you're bilious in several senses of the word. This adjective can mean both "troubled by indigestion" and "irritable," and it can also be used to suggest a sickly green shade.
The wonderfully descriptive word bilious comes from the root bile, which is a foul green fluid made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder — a fact that helps us picture something described as bilious as being really foul. Because of the connection with bile, we often refer to something that's an ugly shade of green as being bilious. Of course, the word can also be more kindly applied to someone who has a liver or gall bladder disorder.
WORD FAMILY
bilious: biliouser, biliously, biliousness+/ bile: biles, biliary, bilious
USAGE EXAMPLES
But as this uniquely bilious election comes into its final stretch, it was nonetheless striking how outsized and ferocious Waters' messaging was.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 17, 2016)
But it runs counter to the competitive, score-settling spirit of this frequently bilious book.
New York Times(Aug 29, 2016)
Excuse me, but if that bilious billionaire blowhard is a populist, then I’m a contender in his Miss Universe contest.
Salon(Sep 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 胆汁的; 胆汁（过多而致）病的; 脾气坏的
分布：胆汁的(48%)，坏脾气的(31%)，胆汁过多的(21%)
adjective
■relating to an illness caused by too much bile , which can cause vomiting 患胆病的；胆汁分泌过多的
• She suffered from bilious attacks. 她胆病发作了。
■If someone is bilious, they are always in a bad mood 易怒的，暴躁的
• a bilious old man 脾气乖戾的老人
■extremely unpleasant 令人十分不快的，使人厌恶的
• His shirt was a bilious shade of green. 他的衬衫是那种令人反感的绿色。
adj. 胆汁的；坏脾气的
 - cholic, ornery

Word: bir

Word: bolshevism

Word: braggadocio
Front: braggadocio
[ˌbrægəˈdəʊtʃiəʊ] (宝 31495/-)
Vocabulary: braggadocio
(once / 17511 pages)
n
Braggadocio means not only bragging, but bragging about something that’s not true. When your friend boasts of a private yacht, ten personal servants and nightly caviar dinners, that’s braggadocio, unless he happens to live on the French Riviera.
Braggadocio comes from the word brag, but saves you the trouble of calling someone's bragging a lie by giving you one word that does both. You might say that the new guy at work who keeps telling stories about his heroic genius for fixing any computer is full of braggadocio––since when you asked him for help with yours he had no idea what to do.
WORD FAMILY
braggadocio: braggadocios
USAGE EXAMPLES
What they settled for, by and large, was an aggressive brand of aimless braggadocio.
Washington Post(Dec 28, 2016)
It was as if it was a surprise to find Young Thug reverting to the egotistical, misogynistic braggadocio present in his entire discography.
The Guardian(Dec 13, 2016)
“Yes, there are still braggadocio lyrics and attitudes but I would say hip-hop has made great strides.”
The Guardian(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 自夸，吹牛大王
分布：自夸(54%)，吹牛大王(46%)
→来自英国著名小说家斯宾塞创作的人物Braggadocchio, 一个喜欢吹嘘而傲慢的人，来自brag, 吹嘘。
n. 自夸，吹牛；吹牛大王
 - self-praise, fanfaronade

Word: evangelism
Front: evangelism
[iˈvændʒilizəm] (20612/17487)
Vocabulary: evangelism
(once / 1835 pages)
n
If you've ever seen a street preacher, you know what evangelism is — it's the enthusiastic sharing of a religious belief.
You can use the noun evangelism to talk about the spreading of any idea that someone is passionate about, but it most often describes the Christian gospels specifically. Many branches of Christianity include evangelism as an important part of their religious practice — it's vital not just to believe, but to spread those beliefs among as many people as possible. Missionaries, who travel to foreign countries to convert people to Christianity, practice evangelism too.
WORD FAMILY
evangelism: Evangelist, evangelise, evangelist, evangelistic, evangelize +/Evangelist: Evangelists/evangelise: evangelised, evangelising/ evangelist: evangelists/evangelistic: evangelistically/ evangelize: evangelized, evangelizes, evangelizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
She is launching a company, called Thrive Global, that will take her wellness evangelism to a whole new level.
Time(Nov 30, 2016)
The C of E has launched a programme of evangelism in an attempt to stem the decline.
The Guardian(Nov 17, 2016)
My obsession with woodworking is one that I can’t seem to shake, but also my evangelism — encouraging my readership to make things with their hands.
New York Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: n. 福音传道，福音主义，福音传道者的工作
分布：福音传道(100%)
n. 福音传道；福音传道者的工作；福音主义；传道狂般的热情
 - kerygma

Word: episcopalian

Word: embroidery
Front: embroidery
[ɪmˈbrɔɪdəri] (六托 14265/11586 -1)
Vocabulary: embroidery
(once / 1149 pages)
n
Embroidery is the act of decorating a piece of cloth with a stitched design. You may have seen large medieval examples of embroidery hanging on the walls of museums depicting flowers and wild animals and the like.
Embroidery also has a common figurative meaning of something deceptive, or an excessive and unnecessary detail designed to mislead, or simply something vain and foolish (see embellishment.) The great American designer Buckminster Fuller summed up this sense of the word nicely: "Tombs are the clothes of the dead and a grave is a plain suit; while an expensive monument is one with embroidery."
WORD FAMILY
embroidery: embroideries+/ embroider: embroidered, embroiderer, embroidering, embroiders, embroidery /embroiderer: embroiderers
USAGE EXAMPLES
She sells them shoes and traditional glitzy, long chiffon suits, bedazzled with jewels and embroidery.
Washington Post(Dec 28, 2016)
The brand partnered with an Austin, Texas-based collective called Fort Lonesome to do the custom embroidery on the personalization tour.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 20, 2016)
The designs evoked the “Cafe Society” evening dresses once worn at the storied hotel - with glimmering embroideries, sunray pleats and marabou and ostrich feathers.
Washington Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 刺绣; 刺绣品; 粉饰，修饰
分布：刺绣(90%)，刺绣品(8%)，粉饰(2%)
刺绣(em使+broid[=braid]+ery→使[线]扭在一起→刺绣)[braid=twist,表示"扭"]
US [-dɚ-] noun
SEWING 缝纫
countable or uncountable
■patterns or pictures that consist of stitches sewn directly onto cloth 刺绣品；刺绣图案
• Let me show you Pat's embroideries. 我给你看看派特的刺绣作品。
• It was a beautiful piece of embroidery. 这是一件漂亮的刺绣作品。
uncountable
■the activity of decorating a piece of cloth with stitches sewn onto it 绣花，刺绣
• I'm not very good at embroidery. 我不擅长刺绣。
UK [ɪm'brɔɪ.dər.i] US [-dɚ-] noun
STORY 叙述，故事
uncountable
■when someone makes a story more entertaining by adding imaginary details to it （为故事所作的）渲染、润色
• comic embroidery 喜剧渲染
n. [纺] 刺绣；刺绣品；粉饰
 - stitchwork, broidery

Word: environs
Front: environs
[ɪnˈvaɪrənz] (宝 16512/19270)
Vocabulary: environs
(once / 2975 pages)
n
The environs are the areas surrounding a specific place. If you want to go to Boston and its environs on vacation, you might spend time in downtown Boston, but you may also visit Cambridge, Braintree, and Lexington.
In general, the environs are the areas surrounding a particular place or location. Environs is a plural noun taking a plural verb, and it comes from an Old French word, environer, meaning to enclose, surround, or encircle. When you book your hotel reservations, you should make sure the environs around the hotel are safe. No matter how clean the hotel is or how good the breakfast, you wouldn't want to stay in an area where you would be leery of going out at night.
WORD FAMILY
environ: environed, environing, environs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr. Washington slightly opened up the action to the three rooms of the house and environs.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
General Motors, Ford Motor and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles are all engaged in autonomous vehicle projects based in Detroit’s environs.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Her imagination is a fun-house mirror that magnifies the oddities, intensifies the colors and warps every random detail of her environs in Paris’ Montmartre.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: n. 郊区，近郊
v. 包围，环绕，（敌意地或保护性的）围住( environ的第三人称单数 )
分布：郊区(71%)，郊外(21%)，名词environ的复数形式.(8%)
→来自environment, 环境。
【记】environ（vt 包围；环绕）和environment一起记
US [-'vaɪr.ənz] formal
plural noun
■the area surrounding a place, especially a town （尤指城镇）附近的地方，周边地区
v. 围绕；包围（environ的第三人称单数）
 - circles, surrounds

Word: equine
Front: equine
[ˈekwaɪn] (宝 23325/25949 -1)
Vocabulary: equine
(once / 10085 pages)
adjn
Equine means having to do with horses. An equine saddle is one used for a horse, as opposed to one for a camel. An equine face is a horse face, and no, that's not a very nice thing to say.
Equine is connected to words that refer to animals—bovine means having to do with cows, porcine pigs, feline cats, canine dogs, etc. Many young girls go through an equine phase, where they are obsessed with all things horse—books, dolls, images, and, last but not least, actual horseback riding.
WORD FAMILY
equine: equines
USAGE EXAMPLES
Nasal swab and blood tests were confirmed positive for Equine Herpes Virus-1 neurogenic strain.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Hippotherapy is therapy provided with the help of equine movement.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Equine activities are big business in Loudoun, home to more horses than any other county in Virginia.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 马的，似的，似马的，马科的马的; [动]马的，似马的，马科的
n. 马; 马科动物
分布：马(63%)，马的(20%)，似马的(11%)，马科(6%)
→来自ekwo, 马，词源同hippo, hippopotamus.
马的[equ=horse(马)]
['ek.waɪn] formal
adjective
■connected with horses, or appearing similar to a horse 马的；似马的
• equine flu 马流感
• The portraits showed an aristocratic family with long equine faces. 这是一套贵族家庭的画像，所有人都长着长长的马脸。
adj. 马的；象马的
 - horsey, caballine
n. 马
 - horse, prad, yarraman, gee-gee

Word: fallback
Front: fallback
[ˈfɔ:lbæk] (23870/48596)
Back: n. 可依靠的东西，退却; 回降物
分布：撤退(46%)，应变的(16%)，后备计划(16%)，降落物(11%)，后退的(11%)
US ['fɑ:l-] adjective [before noun]
■describes a plan or position which can be used if other plans do not succeed or other things are not available （计划等）应变的，退一步的
• Do we have a fallback position for these negotiations? 这些谈判我们有应变方案吗？
n. 可依靠的东西； [军] 撤退，退却
 - withdrawal, retiral

Word: facile
Front: facile
[ˈfæsaɪl] (托宝 19319/19053)
Vocabulary: facile
(once / 249 pages)
adj
If someone does something easily, or shows ease, it is described as facile in a good way, but if someone takes the easy way out and shows a lack of thought or care, it is facile in a bad way.
While it is a lovely sounding French word, facile is both a compliment and an insult depending on how it's used. Something that shows ready skill is facile, such as being facile with text messaging. But if something is too simple and superficial, or shows little care, it can also be called facile, or lame. "Being too cowardly to tell the truth and admit he didn't do it, he used the facile and sarcastic excuse that the dog ate his homework."
WORD FAMILY
facile: facilely, facility +/ facility: facilities
USAGE EXAMPLES
In Trump, Navarro found a politician who shared his penchant for facile solutions to complicated problems.
Slate(Dec 22, 2016)
By anyone’s definition, Roof is a racist, but surely this is too facile an explanation.
Washington Post(Dec 09, 2016)
That may seem facile as a reading, but, well … who ever said humanity was subtle?
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 轻率作出的; 不动脑筋的; 轻易可得的
分布：易做到的(72%)，轻易完成的(14%)，麻利的(14%)
→来自dhe, 做，放置，语源同do, fact. 即好做的，简单的。后词义贬义化，用来指轻率的，肤浅的。
容易做的(fac+ile能...的)[fac,fact,fect,fic,fig=make,do,表示"做,制作"]
【记】fac（做），ile（能…的）－能做的－容易的
【反】arduous（adj 费劲的）；profound（adj 深刻的；意义深远的）
adjective
■describes a remark or theory which is too simple and has not been thought about enough （言语或理论）轻率的，未经深思熟虑的
• a facile explanation 信口开河的解释
• We must avoid facile recriminations about who was to blame. 我们必须避免随意指责、怪罪别人。
adj. 温和的；灵巧的；易做到的
 - pacific, gentle, moderate, soft, mild

Word: extinguisher
Front: extinguisher
[ɪkˈstɪŋgwɪʃə] (18594/20765)
Back: n. 熄火者; 消火者; 消火器; 熄火器
分布：灭火器(89%)，熄灭者(7%)，消除器(4%)
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a fire extinguisher
n. [安全] 灭火器；消灭者；熄灭者
 - fire-extinguisher, annihilator

Word: florid
Front: florid
[ˈflɒrɪd] (托宝 22727/19102)
Vocabulary: florid
(once / 2384 pages)
1adj 2adj
Something that's elaborate and full of extra flourishes is florid, whether it's your relatives' ornate decorating style or the way they talk, using a lot of unnecessarily long, complicated words.
Florid is an adjective that entered English in the 17th century, via the French floride, from the Latin flōridus, "blooming." You can probably guess how Florida and flourish are related! Something overly decorated, such as a fussy living room, is florid in the flowery sense, while pale-skinned people with rosy cheeks are florid because they appear to be flourishing with good health.
WORD FAMILY
florid: florider, floridity, floridly, floridness+/floridity: floridities
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the opening scene, which culminates in a violent eruption, is totally unconvincing in both its abstract theatricality and florid turn into soap opera.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Like the meadow, Left unattended, Overgrown, florid With fragrance and rye, Amid the harsh hum Of dirty flies.
The New Yorker(Nov 28, 2016)
Instead she uses her approach to generate increasingly rich and even florid experiments in pure composition and color.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 红润的; 华丽的; 炫耀的; 绚丽
分布：红润的(46%)，华丽的(45%)，过分装饰的(9%)
→来自词根flor, 花，词源同flower. 即像花一样的，形容脸色红润的。
(文章)华丽的(flor+id→像花一样→华丽的)[flor,flour=flower,表示"花"]
如花的(flor花+id)[-id表形容词"如…的"]
【记】flor（花），id－像花一样的－华丽的
【反】solemn（adj 庄严的）
US ['flɔ:r-] adjective
DECORATED 装饰过的
■with too much decoration or detail 过分装饰的；花哨的
• a florid architectural style 华丽的建筑风格
• florid prose/rhetoric 词藻华丽的散文／修辞
UK ['flɒr.ɪd] US ['flɔ:r-] adjective
RED 红色的 formal
■(of a person's face) too red, especially in a way that is unhealthy （脸）潮红的，通红的
• a florid complexion 潮红的脸色
adj. [建] 绚丽的；气色好的
 - flowery, ornate

Word: fruity
Front: fruity
[ˈfru:ti] (17221/15875 -1)
Back: adj. 有果味的; 果实状的; 圆润的
级别：fruitier, fruitiest
分布：果香的(100%)
US [-tˌi] adjective
SMELL/TASTE 气味／味道
■smelling or tasting of fruit 水果的；水果味的
• This wine has a delicious fruity flavour. 这种酒有一种可口的水果香味。
UK ['fru:.ti] US [-tˌi] adjective
REMARK 言语
■(of a remark) humorous in a slightly shocking way 低级趣味的
• He was well known for his fruity jokes. 他爱讲黄色笑话是出了名的。
UK ['fru:.ti] US [-tˌi] adjective
VOICE 嗓音 informal approving
■(of a voice) deep and pleasant 低沉圆润的
adj. 圆润的；有果味的；果实状的
 - pear-shaped, mellow

Word: gal
Front: gal
[gæl] (10748/22954 -1)
Back: n. 女孩，少女
→来自girl的俚语发音。
noun
GIRL 女孩
countable (plural gals) informal or humorous
■a woman or girl 女子；女孩，小妞
• You're just an old-fashioned gal, aren't you, honey! 你这小妞还挺守旧，是不是啊，宝贝！
[gæl] noun
UNIT OF MEASUREMENT 度量单位 (UK also gall) written abbreviation for
■ gallon
n. 加仑（重力加速度单位）；姑娘
 - girl, bride, gallon

Word: freehold
Front: freehold
[ˈfri:həʊld] (30011/12575)
Back: n. 自由保有，不动产
US [-hoʊld] noun countable
■legal ownership and control of a building or piece of land for an unlimited time （建筑物或土地的）自由保有权，终身保有权
• Who owns the freehold of/on the property? 谁拥有这一房产的终身保有权？
Compare leasehold

Word: flotsam
Front: flotsam
[ˈflɒtsəm] (24620/24242)
Vocabulary: flotsam
(once / 11343 pages)
n
Flotsam is the floating wreckage of a ship. You'll often hear it used with the word jetsam, which refers to floating objects that have been thrown from a ship, usually to lighten it before it sinks.
You can keep flotsam and jetsam straight by remembering that flotsam looks like the word, float, and jetsam looks like jettison which means to cast off. Usually it doesn't matter though as flotsam and jetsam are used together as an expression, mostly figuratively to mean to mean things or people who are unwanted or discarded. What about the things that are cast from a ship but sink to the ocean floor instead of floating? That's called lagan.
WORD FAMILY
flotsam
USAGE EXAMPLES
With so much flotsam and debris lying along the river bank, another jam is almost guaranteed to form after the next high-water event.
Washington Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Leaving locks and other flotsam on a bridge should not be one of them, she said.
New York Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Boats and other flotsam were wedged amid stores and homes.
Washington Post(Oct 05, 2016)
Back: n. 浮货; 废料; 零碎物; 流离失所者
分布：不值钱的零碎物(50%)，无业游民(50%)
→来自古法语flotaison, 漂浮，词源同float.-aison, 名词后缀，同-ation, 拼写受some影响。参照jetsam.
【记】flot＝float漂浮，sam＝some：漂浮着的一些东西－漂浮物
US ['flɑ:t-] noun uncountable (also flotsam and jetsam)
■pieces of broken wood and other waste materials found on the beach or floating on the sea （冲到海滩上或在海面上漂浮的）碎木，零碎杂物
• We wandered along the shore, stepping over the flotsam that had washed up in the night. 我们沿着海岸漫步，跨过夜晚冲上岸边的零碎杂物。
■anything or anyone that is not wanted or not considered to be important or useful 无用的东西；无价值的人
• The homeless sleep in doorways and stations - we step over their bodies like so much human flotsam. 无家可归的人睡在门口和车站——我们跨过他们的身体时就好像他们的存在毫无意义。
n. 废料；（遇难船的）漂流货物；浮货；零碎物
 - wastes, raff

Word: forgetful
Front: forgetful
[fəˈgetfl] (高 23938/19606)
Vocabulary: forgetful
(once / 834 pages)
adj
To be forgetful is to be absentminded. When you're forgetful, things tend to slip your mind. People can be forgetful if they really can’t remember things, or if they’re just not paying attention.
When you're forgetful, you forget all kinds of things! A forgetful person misses deadlines and forgets about their spouse's anniversary. Forgetful people are often spacy and careless; they're not mindful of what they should be doing. A forgetful gardener might forget to water the plants and go for a walk instead. If you’re late, you’re forgetful of the time. If you’re forgetful, don’t get a pet. Even goldfish need attention!
WORD FAMILY
forgetful: forgetfully, forgetfulness, self-forgetful+/ forget: forgetful, forgeting, forgets, forgettable, forgetting, forgot, forgotten /forgetfulness: forgetfulnesses/forgettable: forgettably, unforgettable / forgotten: forgottenly/ unforgettable: unforgettably
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Every moment is precious. It’s kind of endearing to me when he’s forgetful.”
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Utecht sustained hits so hard he says they erased many memories and left him foggy, forgetful and irritable for years afterward.
New York Times(Dec 19, 2016)
She landed the voice part of the determined but forgetful mother fish Dory, in the animated film Finding Nemo.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: adj. 健忘的; 好忘事的; <正>疏忽的; 不经心的
分布：健忘的(75%)，疏忽的(25%)
易忘的(forget忘记)[-ful 1.表形容词"有…的"2.表名词"满,量"]
US [fɚ-] adjective
■often forgetting things 健忘的，记性差的
• She's getting very forgetful in her old age. 她老了，变得非常健忘。
adj. 健忘的；不注意的；疏忽的；使遗忘的
 - oblivious, inadvertent

Word: gnash
Front: gnash
[næʃ] (28118/32870)
Vocabulary: gnash
(once / 3603 pages)
v
To gnash is to rub or grind your teeth together. A suspicious guard dog might growl and gnash its teeth.
When you angrily grit your teeth, you can say you gnash them. People almost always gnash their teeth from anger or frustration, or in a display of ferocity. A terrible ogre in a fairy tale might gnash his teeth, and your furious school bus driver might gnash her teeth at the ruckus her passengers are making. Gnash is a Middle English variation on gnasten, "grind the teeth together," from Old Norse gnasta, "gnash the teeth."
WORD FAMILY
gnash: gnashed, gnashes, gnashing
USAGE EXAMPLES
When I spoke with him last week, Mr. Kiernan did not sound like a man gnashing his teeth about the impending Trump era.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
The culture does not wail and gnash its teeth over civilian deaths, if those deaths advance the needs of Mother Russia.
Washington Times(Dec 15, 2016)
“Yes. Weeping and gnashing of teeth, and then they find other things to do.”
New York Times(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: vt. 咬（牙）
vi. （牙）磨咬; 上下叩击; （尤指因没有得偿所愿而）咬牙切齿; 非常愤怒（或沮丧）
时态：gnashed, gnashing, gnashes
分布：动词(88%)，名词(12%)
→词源不详。可能来自拟声词，咬牙齿的声音。
verb
gnash your teeth
■to bring your teeth forcefully together when you are angry （气得）咬牙切齿
• The monster roared and gnashed its teeth. 那怪兽咆哮，将牙磨得咯咯直响。
humorous
■to complain angrily and noisily about something 抱怨；发牢骚
• The villagers gnashed their teeth about the council's decision to build a car park. 村民纷纷抱怨地方委员会决定兴建停车场。
[næʃ] verb
gnashing of teeth (also teeth-gnashing) humorous
■angry noise and upset 怨忿声；怨恨和不满；咬牙切齿
• There has been much gnashing of teeth about the proposal to close the hospital. 听到要关闭医院的计划，大家怨声载道。
vt. 咬牙切齿
 - grind one's teeth
vi. 咬牙切齿
 - grind one's teeth
n. 咬
 - bite

Word: gosh
Front: gosh
[gɒʃ] (7644/10726 -1)
Back: int. <非正>（表示惊讶）哎呀！; 天啊
分布：糟了(56%)，唉(44%)
→来自god的委婉语。
US [gɑ:ʃ] informal slightly old-fashioned
exclamation
■used to express surprise or strength of feeling （表示惊奇或强烈感情）啊呀，天哪
• Gosh, I didn't expect to see you here! 天哪，没想到会在这儿看见你！
int. 天啊；唉；糟了；必定
 - lord, jiminy

Word: generalissimo
Front: generalissimo
[ˌdʒenrə'lɪsɪməʊ] (34633/41745)
Back: n. 大元帅，最高统帅
分布：大元帅(43%)，总司令(36%)，大总统(21%)
US [-ɚ.ə'lɪs.ɪ.moʊ] (plural generalissimos)
noun countable
■a leader of the armed forces, especially one who is also the ruler of the country 武装部队的统帅（尤指其又是一个国家的统治者）
n. 总司令，大元帅
 - commander-in-chief

Word: greenish
Front: greenish
[ˈgri:nɪʃ] (16399/20174)
Back: adj. 呈绿色的，微绿的
分布：带绿色的(100%)
adjective
■slightly green in colour 稍带绿色的；浅绿的
• greenish blue eyes 有点发绿的蓝眼睛

Word: genitalia
Front: genitalia
[ˌdʒenɪ'teɪlɪə] (20809/26498)
Back: n. 生殖器（尤指外阴部）
分布：名词(100%)
n. [解剖] 生殖器，外阴部
 - genital organ, sexual organ

Word: gawp
Front: gawp
[gɔ:p] (-/23358)
Back: vi. 直瞪瞪地注视
n. 呆人
时态：gawped, gawping, gawps
分布：直瞪瞪地注视(100%)
→来自gape的拼写变体。
US [gɑ:p] verb intransitive UK for gawk
n. 呆人；笨蛋
 - simple, turkey, put

Word: hagiography
Front: hagiography
[ˌhægiˈɒgrəfi] (30194/38645)
Vocabulary: hagiography
(once / 56016 pages)
n
A hagiography is a type of biography that puts the subject in a very flattering light. Hagiographies are often about saints.
The two halves of hagiography refer to holiness and writing, and it is something written about holy people. Originally, a hagiography was a biography of a saint written without skepticism or criticism. A hagiography idealizes the subject and puts them on a pedestal. These days, a hagiography is not necessarily written about a saint, but it still idolizes the subject. A hagiography makes the subject seems like a hero, or at least a wonderful, nearly perfect person.
WORD FAMILY
hagiography: hagiographer, hagiographies, hagiographist+/hagiographer: hagiographers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Immediately a narrative of hagiography arises, framing the rise to power as the journey of a committed, principled zealot.
The Guardian(Nov 29, 2016)
The hagiographies, like the hatchet jobs, will admit of no dissent, no balancing material.
The Guardian(Nov 29, 2016)
This is not a hagiography; it’s a history and often an unsparing one.
New York Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 圣徒传，圣徒言行录
分布：圣徒言行录(59%)，圣徒传(41%)
→hagio-,神圣的，圣徒，-graph,写。引申词义吹捧性的传记。
US [-'ɑ:.grə-] noun
countable or uncountable
■a biography in which the writer represents the person as perfect or much better than they really are, or the tendency to write so many admiring things about a person that it is not realistic 理想化的传记；美化主角的传记
uncountable specialized
■writings about the lives of holy people such as saints 圣徒传记

Word: gyrus
Front: gyrus
['dʒaɪrəs] (46936/-)
Back: n. 回转，脑回
分布：〈解〉脑回(100%)
n. [解剖] 脑回（形成大脑半球的组织）；回转
 - turning, circumgyration

Word: guayaquil
Front: guayaquil
[ˌɡwaiəˈki:l] None
Back: 瓜亚基尔（厄瓜多尔西南部港市）（在瓜亚斯河下游，瓜亚基尔湾之北） 瓜亚基尔湾（靠厄瓜多尔西南部）

Word: guan
Front: guan
[gwɑ:n] (42659/-)
Back: n. 冠雉（产于中美、南美，形如火鸡）
分布：形如火鸡)(50%)，冠雉(产于中美、南美(50%)

Word: hyperbolic
Front: hyperbolic
[ˌhaɪpəˈbɒlɪk] (22144/37648)
Vocabulary: hyperbolic
(once / 22134 pages)
adj
If someone is hyperbolic, they tend to exaggerate things as being way bigger deals than they really are. Hyperbolic statements are tiny dogs with big barks: don’t take them too seriously.
Hyperbolic is an adjective that comes from the word hyperbole, which means an exaggerated claim. The Greek root huperbolē means “excess,” and broken down even further the word literally translates as “throw above.” Imagine tossing a football to a friend, but you throw it way above their head and onto a roof. That’s an excess of throwing, and it’s not necessary, which is exactly what being hyperbolic is all about: making statements bigger than necessary.
WORD FAMILY
hyperbolic: hyperbolically+/ hyperbole: hyperboles, hyperbolic, hyperbolise, hyperbolize/hyperbolize: hyperbolized, hyperbolizes, hyperbolizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s natural to celebrate turning 20 with a hyperbolic social media post.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
Liberal critics, meanwhile, are sounding alarms, sometimes in hyperbolic terms.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
To the bureaucrats, policymakers and, yes, lobbyists who live here, the Washington of “Miss Sloane” and “House of Cards” is ludicrously overwrought and hyperbolic.
Washington Post(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adj. <几>双曲线的，<数>双曲线函数的; 夸张的
分布：双曲线的(53%)，夸张的(47%)
→来自hyperbola,双曲线，hyperbole,夸张。
adj. [数] 双曲线的；夸张的
 - exaggerative, melodramatic

Word: hairstyle
Front: hairstyle
[ˈheəstaɪl] (14737/15488 -1)
Back: n. 发型，发式
分布：发型(100%)
US ['her-] noun countable
■the style in which someone's hair is cut and arranged 发型，发式
n. 发型
 - coiffure

Word: huckster
Front: huckster
[ˈhʌkstə(r)] (宝 25069/46393)
Vocabulary: huckster
(once / 7002 pages)
nv
A huckster is someone who tries to sell you something that's not very well made, or isn't worth the price. If someone tries to sell you a bottle of Love Potion #9, call him a huckster.
While a huckster is primarily a seller of cheap goods, like the people who sell imitation luxury handbags and watches on city sidewalks, you can also use the word to talk about extremely pushy salespeople. If you feel so pressured to make an offer on a new car that you leave the dealership feeling frustrated and daunted, you might say, "There's no way I'm buying a car from that huckster."
WORD FAMILY
huckster: huckstered, huckstering, hucksters
USAGE EXAMPLES
So many cities saw their stewards die off, replaced by imperial CEOs, hucksters or branch managers.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Hucksters, scam artists and liars are nothing new.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
You want me to tell you Donald Trump’s a huckster and a fool.
Salon(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 大声叫卖的小贩; 大吹大擂的推销商
vi. 讨价还价，没完没了地争论; 叫卖（货物）
时态：huckstered, huckstering, hucksters
分布：叫卖(33%)，叫卖的小贩(23%)，小商人(23%)，贩卖(7%)，商业广告员(7%)，强行推销(7%)
→huck,蹲下，叫卖，词源同hawker,-ster,人。
叫卖小贩(huck叫卖)[-ster表名词"…人"]
【记】huck＝back背，ster人－背东西卖的人－小贩
US [-stɚ] noun countable US often disapproving
■a person who writes advertisements, especially for radio and television, or who sells things or brings ideas or people to the public's attention in a noisy annoying way （尤指电台或电视台的）广告撰写员，广告人；大声吆喝推销的人
vt. 叫卖；讨价还价
 - price bargain, bargain with
n. 叫卖的小贩；小商人；吃广告饭的人
 - cheap-jack, crier

Word: homeward
Front: homeward
[ˈhəʊmwəd] (24925/32699)
Back: adv. 向家，向本国
adj. 向家的，向本国的
分布：回家的(100%)
向家的(home家)[-ward表形容词+副词"向…" 注:ward可变成wards,但只能作副词用]

Word: incubation
Front: incubation
[ˌɪŋkjuˈbeɪʃn] (宝 19334/13345)
Back: n. 孵卵; 孵化; <医，生>（传染病的）潜伏期; <生>（细菌等的）繁殖
分布：孵化(97%)，熟虑(3%)
孵卵;潜伏期(incubate+ion)[cub,cumb=liedown,表示"躺";cumber=barrier,表示"躺的东西,障碍"]
【记】incubate（v 孵卵）；in里面，cub睡，躺－睡在里面－孵化
【参】incubus（n 梦魇；沉重的负担）；concubine（n 情妇）
n. [动] 孵化； [病毒] [医] 潜伏；抱蛋
 - latency, hatch

Word: inaudible
Front: inaudible
[ɪnˈɔ:dəbl] (6808/21657)
Vocabulary: inaudible
(once / 2685 pages)
adj
Inaudible is another way of saying "hushed" or "silent." If you thought the bad words you muttered under your breath were inaudible, perhaps you should've turned off that microphone in front of you!
In Latin, audire means “to hear,” so it makes sense, then, that inaudible means “imperceptible by the ear,” since in- means “not.” You should strive to speak in a near-inaudible whisper if you need to talk to your seatmate at the opera, but in normal, everyday conversation, you won’t get your point across unless you talk at a louder volume. Synonyms for inaudible range from faint and muffled to uncommunicative and voiceless.
WORD FAMILY
inaudible: inaudibility, inaudibleness, inaudibly+/ audible: audibility, audibleness, audibler, audibles, audiblest, audibly, inaudible
USAGE EXAMPLES
The final section was dominated by long sustained chords that would crescendo and then subside into almost inaudible calm.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
That was inaudible in the debate hall, where the microphone was an issue.
Time(Sep 30, 2016)
Rice responded but her comments were inaudible to reporters standing underneath the wing of Air Force One.
Reuters(Sep 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 听不见的
分布：听不见的(100%)
→in-,不，非，audible,听得到的。
听不见的(in不＋audi+ible)[audi,audit=hear,表示"听"]
US [-'nɑ:-] adjective
■unable to be heard 听不见的
• The noise of the machinery made her voice inaudible. 机器的噪音淹没了她的声音。

Word: incomparably
Front: incomparably
[ɪn'kɒmprəblɪ] (30010/33525)
Back: adv. 无比地，无敌地; 不能比较地
分布：无比地(60%)，无敌地(40%)
adv. 无比地；无敌地
 - invincibly

Word: instigation
Front: instigation
[ˌɪnstɪˈgeɪʃn] (28276/18956)
Back: n. 煽动; 教唆
分布：教唆(47%)，煽动(41%)，刺激(12%)
→来自instigate,唆使，煽动。
n. 煽动，鼓动；教唆；刺激
 - stimulus, incentive, excitement, needle

Word: insomnia
Front: insomnia
[ɪnˈsɒmniə] (托雅宝 12706/21022 -1)
Vocabulary: insomnia
(once / 5301 pages)
n
A person who has trouble falling or staying asleep is suffering from insomnia. If after a hot bath, a glass of warm milk, and hours of counting sheep, you still find yourself lying wide awake in bed, it's time to admit you have insomnia.
There's no cure for insomnia, but people with insomnia are advised to go to bed at the same time every night and to try to avoid stress. The noun insomnia was borrowed from Latin insomnis "sleepless," from the prefix in-, "not," plus somnus, "sleep." Somnus is actually related to Greek hypnos "sleep," the source of English words such as hypnosis and hypnotic.
WORD FAMILY
insomnia: insomniac, insomnias+/ insomniac: insomniacs
USAGE EXAMPLES
For people with insomnia—one third of the population—new recommendations this year called for managing it with cognitive behavioral therapy rather than medications.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 28, 2016)
Insomnia is also proved to cause a litany of problems, such as deadly motor vehicle accidents, heart disease and difficulty in concentrating.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Shakespeare wrote eloquently — and chillingly — about pre-Trump insomnia in “Macbeth.”
Salon(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: n. [医]失眠，失眠症
分布：失眠(79%)，失眠症(21%)
→in-,不，非，-somn,睡觉，词源同somnolent,somnambulist.即没法睡觉，引申词义失眠。
失眠症(in不+somn+ia病)[Somn=sleep,表示"睡眠"]
失眠症(in不+somn睡眠+ia)[-ia 1.表名词"某种病"2.表名词"总称,状态"]
【记】in不，somn睡觉，ia病症－不睡的病－失眠症
【参】somniferous（adj 催眠的）；somnolent（adj 催眠的；想睡的）
US [-'sɑ:m-] noun uncountable
■when someone is unable to sleep, over a period of time 失眠（症）
• Holly suffered from insomnia for months after her daughter was born. 霍利在女儿出生后失眠了好几个月。
n. [内科] 失眠症，失眠
 - sleeplessness, agrypnia

Word: interplanetary
Front: interplanetary
[ˌɪntəˈplænɪtri] (19826/36214)
Back: adj. 行星之间的，行星际的
分布：行星间的(100%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，planet,行星。
US [-ter.i] adjective [before noun]
■between planets 行星间的
• interplanetary space 行星际空间

Word: interoperable
Front: interoperable
[ˌɪntərˈɒpərəbl] (45591/-)
Back: adj. 能共同操作的，能共同使用的
分布：彼此协作的(100%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，operable,可操作的。

Word: jig
Front: jig
[dʒɪg] (11263/16441 -1)
Vocabulary: jig
(once / 2866 pages)
1nv 2n
A jig is a lively, festive kind of dance. When you do a jig, you spend a lot of time hopping, kicking, and shuffling your feet.
The jig is mainly associated with Ireland and Scotland, and it plays a big role in both traditional Irish dancing and Scottish country dancing. The jig also influenced 20th century African American tap and soft-shoe dance styles. You can also call the type of tune that's played to accompany the dance a jig. The source of jig is most likely the Middle French giguer, "to dance" or "to jump."
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
gig / jig
Gig with a hard "g" is a job. Jig, on the other hand, is a dance. The kind a band might do when they land a gig headlining Madison Square Garden.
A gig is basically freelance job. The word comes from jazz and often refers to a musical performance. If your band has a gig, you could say you're gigging. It's also short for "gigabyte," a unit of measurement in computer land. Gig likes to get around:
"Eagles of Death Metal's frontman has said he feels a deep responsibility to resume the gig which came under attack from terrorists." (BBC)
"He eventually retired from his job as an EMS for the Baltimore fire department and found a teaching gig near Hampton." (Washington Post)
"They have one job or two—or else they race from gig to gig and chore to chore as rapidly as they can." (New Yorker)
A jig has roots in traditional Irish folk dancing. Jig is also the name of the kind of song that you dance a jig to. Is a jig also a fishing lure? Sure! And, it's the name of a tool that comes in handy if you're making a jigsaw puzzle. It used to mean "trick," so if you catch someone breaking a rule, you tell 'em "the jig is up." Examples:
"It prompted Garcia to dance a jig of delight on the green." (New York Times)
"A new law goes into effect June 1 prohibiting the sale or use of lead sinkers and jigs that weigh less than an ounce." (Washington Times)
"There was also a less complex dolly jig designed to make a small doll dance." (Washington Times)
If you get them mixed up, remember that gig usually has a hard "g" for cold hard cash, and a jig makes people feel jolly.
WORD FAMILY
jig: jigged, jigging, jigs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Instead of carrying on, she performed a strange jig while the music continued, then eventually left the stage.
Time(Jan 01, 2017)
White bass are fair jigging Tiny Traps and Curb’s crappie jigs along main lake points and creek bluffs in 15-25 feet.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Most of the decor is traditional: white lights, red velvet bows, wreaths, electric candlesticks, a jigging snowman.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 吉格舞; 吉格舞曲; 玩笑，诡计; [矿]筛选机
vi. 跳吉格舞，演奏吉格舞曲; 急动，蹦蹦跳跳; 用鱼钩钓
vt. 上下晃动; 用夹具辅助加工（一物件）; 淘汰选矿，筛选
时态：jigged, jigging, jigs
分布：带锤子的钓钩(20%)，捷格舞(18%)，乱跳(13%)，跳捷格舞(13%)，选筛(9%)，上下晃动(9%)，用夹具辅助加工(9%)，用钩钓鱼(9%)
→可能来自中古法语giguer,扭动，跳舞，词源同gig.
noun countable
DANCE 舞蹈
■an energetic traditional dance of Great Britain and Ireland, or the music that is played for such a dance 捷格舞；捷格舞曲
[dʒɪg] noun countable
TOOL 工具 specialized
■a piece of equipment for holding a tool or piece of wood, etc. firmly in position while you work with it 夹具
[dʒɪg] verb intransitive or transitive [usually + adv/prep] (-gg-)
■to move quickly up and down or from side to side, or to make someone or something do this （使）上下（或左右）急动；使蹦跳：
• Stop jigging about , Billy, and just stand still for a moment! 别蹦来跳去的，比利，安静地站一会儿！
vi. 跳吉格舞；抖动；加工用钩钓鱼；用夹具或钻模等加工
 - dirl
n. [机] 夹具；吉格舞，吉格舞曲；带锤子的钓钩
 - holding device, clamping fixture

Word: lav
Front: lav
[læv] (45904/39584)
Back: n. <美口>盥洗室
→来自lavatory的口语。
noun countable informal for
■ lavatory (= toilet) 厕所
n. 洗手间；厕所；盥洗室（等于lavatory）
 - john, convenience, bathroom, toilet, washroom

Word: lanky
Front: lanky
[ˈlæŋki] (14028/21184)
Vocabulary: lanky
(once / 3903 pages)
adj
Use the adjective lanky to describe someone who’s tall, thin, and a little bit gawky.
A lanky person is not only tall and thin but also a little bit awkward. You wouldn’t use lanky to describe a tall, slender person who moves gracefully. Instead use lanky to describe someone who moves clumsily on his long limbs. You’ve probably seen a lanky basketball player who moves awkwardly but is still able to make the play, or a lanky teenager who seems to be made up entirely of long legs and long arms.
WORD FAMILY
lanky: lankier, lankiest, lankily, lankiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
In each photo, the lanky Morris was impeccably and boldly dressed.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
Mr. Pons, lanky and self-deprecating, lives in Los Angeles with his wife and is the five-person company’s primary contact with studios.
New York Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Lanky law professor who played a decisive role in restoring Chile’s democracy after 17 years of brutal dictatorship and was later elected president.
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 过分瘦长，瘦长得难看
分布：瘦长的(100%)
→来自lank,头发稀疏瘦长的，后形容人瘦长而笨拙。
adjective
■tall and thin and often moving awkwardly as a result 瘦高的，细长的
• I was your typical lanky teenager. 以前我和你们一样，是典型的又瘦又高的少年。
adj. 瘦长的
 - elongated, attenuated

Word: laity
Front: laity
[ˈleɪəti] (宝 16071/13164 -1)
Vocabulary: laity
(once / 3335 pages)
n
If you are a member of a religious group, but you are not an ordained minister or priest, then you are a member of the laity. Sometimes members of the laity will play a role in the church service, for example, doing one of the readings or running a youth group.
The noun laity is from the word lay, and lay person has a similar church meaning. The word lay itself is from the Greek word laikos meaning "of the people." The meaning of the word laity is sometimes expanded to refer to non-professionals workers, as opposed to professionals in a field. Volunteers are the laity of elementary education, and if you volunteer at a school, you can make a huge difference in a child's life.
WORD FAMILY
lay: laily, laity, layer, laying, lays, mislay, overlay, underlay +/interlayer: interlayers/ layer: interlayer, layered, layering, layers/laying: layings/ mislay: mislayed, mislaying, mislays/ overlay: overlaid, overlayed, overlayer, overlaying, overlays/overlayer: overlayers/ underlay: underlaid, underlayed, underlaying, underlayment, underlays
USAGE EXAMPLES
With a few statistical sleights of hand and enormous heaps of professional contempt for the laity, academics helped to shut down that debate.
The Guardian(Nov 29, 2016)
He calls this the “Reformation moment” for the health-care industry, in which “the laity get access to their records and can interpret them for themselves”.
Economist(Nov 17, 2016)
Francis in August named him to head the big new Vatican secretariat for laity, family and life issues.
Washington Times(Oct 09, 2016)
Back: n. 俗人; 普通信徒; 门外汉，外行
分布：外行人(53%)，普通信徒(47%)
→来自lay,世俗的，非神职人员的，-ity,名词后缀。
【记】源于：layman（n 外行）躺着的人。lai拼：赖。整天赖皮的人－俗人；外行
N-SING-COLL
（参与教会工作的）俗人，俗众
The laity are all the people involved in the work of a church who are not clergymen, monks, or nuns.
例：The Church and the laity were increasingly active in charity work...教会与俗众越来越积极参与慈善工作。
例：Clergy and laity alike are divided in their views.神职人员和信众同样都观点各异。
n. 俗人；外行人；门外汉
 - vulgarian, temporality

Word: ladle
Front: ladle
[ˈleɪdl] (17083/26293)
Vocabulary: ladle
(once / 3596 pages)
nv
A ladle is a large spoon with a deep bowl for scooping and serving soup and other liquids. If you make clam chowder, it might be messy to serve it without using a ladle.
The serving implement is called a ladle, and you can also use this word as a verb: "Will you ladle some of that tomato soup into my bowl?" The Old English version was hlædel, from hladan, "to load," plus the "tool" suffix -le (like in thimble or handle).
WORD FAMILY
ladle: ladled, ladles, ladling
USAGE EXAMPLES
Skim the fat off the top with a ladle and discard.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
The larger the toxic stew in the pit, the larger the ladle needed.
Washington Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Ladle into cups and pop on to a little tray for bedtime.
The Guardian(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: n. 长柄勺
vt. （用勺）舀或盛很多（食物）; 慷慨地施予某物
时态：ladled, ladling, ladles
分布：杓子(53%)，长柄杓(26%)，以杓舀取(21%)
→来自lade,装载，-le,小词后缀。用来指长柄勺。
noun countable
■a very big spoon with a long handle and a deep cup-shaped part, used especially for serving soup （尤指盛汤用的）大汤匙
• a soup ladle 大汤匙
['leɪ.dl] verb transitive (also ladle out)
■to put soup or other liquid food into bowls to give to people, using a ladle （用汤匙）盛，舀
['leɪ.dl] verb transitive (also ladle out)
  Phrasal Verbs  [M] ladle sth out informal
■to give money or goods in a (too) generous way to a lot of people （过于）大量地给予（钱或物）
• In those days doctors ladled out antibiotics to patients. 那时候医生给患者使用大量的抗生素。
n. 钢水包；杓子；长柄杓
 - piggin

Word: kisangani

Word: meridian
Front: meridian
[məˈrɪdiən] (托 22120/22028)
Vocabulary: meridian
(once / 2405 pages)
1n 2nadj 3adj
The word meridian describes a gigantic imaginary circle that runs north and south on the earth's surface, from the North Pole to the South Pole. If you stood on the meridian at the North Pole, you would be at the earth's northernmost point.
Meridian can also refer to the highest stage of development. The meridian of your chess career may have been when you took out the champ from a rival school. Used as an adjective, meridian can describe something that's at the best stage of development. Your favorite skater was at his meridian form when he won the Olympic gold medal. Meridian can also mean something takes place at noon, like your meridian boat voyage that launched precisely at noon.
WORD FAMILY
meridian: antemeridian, meridians, meridional, postmeridian
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Admiral Peary crossed every meridian,” he said judiciously.
New York Times(Oct 14, 2016)
The homeless camp out on the meridians dividing traffic on Broadway, or squat in prewar apartments.
The New Yorker(Jun 30, 2016)
Naval Observatory, crosses the meridian 22 minutes after midnight and sets at 6:43 a.m.
Washington Post(Feb 27, 2016)
Back: n. 子午圈; 子午线; 顶点; （权力，成就等的）全盛时期
分布：子午线(48%)，经线(19%)，子午线的(8%)，顶点(8%)，正午(7%)，顶点的(5%)，正午的(5%)
→来自拉丁语meridies,中午，来自medius,中间的，词源同middle,字母d被r音化，dies,天，词源同diurnal.引申词义中午的太阳，并用于地理学术语子午线，经线。
日中,正午(meri中间+di+an→在日子中间→正午)[di=day,表示"日,日子"]
noun countable
■an imaginary line from the North Pole to the South Pole, drawn on maps to help to show the position of a place 子午线，经线
• The prime meridian of longitude is in Greenwich, South London. 本初子午线位于伦敦南部的格林尼治。
n. 子午线， [天] 经线；顶点
 - height, sky, summit, peak, crown

Word: lollipop
Front: lollipop
[ˈlɒlipɒp] (19762/22302)
Vocabulary: lollipop
(once / 19472 pages)
n
A lollipop is hard candy on a stick that you lick or suck. You may suck on a lollipop and be surprised to find candy or gum in its center. Bonus!
Some lollipops are small, round, and fruity, while others are swirls of color as big as your head. Still other lollipops are long and skinny, or filled with liquid or bubble gum centers. The thing they all have in common is the stick you hold while eating them. Guesses about the origin of the lolli or lolly part of this word include to loll, or "dangle" the tongue, or the north England dialect "tongue" meaning of lolly.
WORD FAMILY
lollipop: lollipops
USAGE EXAMPLES
Green’s mother works as a lollipop and dinner lady, while her daughter trains for 20 hours a week over six days.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
Festive fashion outfits are displayed between rock candy, large lollipops and cotton candy.
Reuters(Dec 01, 2016)
The windows, the “Land of 1,000 Delights,” mix eye candy with real candy: over-the-top outfits alongside lollipops twice the size of the mannequins.
New York Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 棒棒糖
分布：棒棒糖(100%)
→词源不确定，lolli可能来自方言lolly,舌头，舔的声音，pop,砰，爆裂声。后引申词义棒棒糖，即模仿小孩舔棒棒糖的声音。
US ['lɑ:.li.pɑ:p] noun countable
■a hard sweet on a stick 棒棒糖
n. 棒棒糖
 - Lolipop, bonbon

Word: materialistic
Front: materialistic
[məˌtɪəriəˈlɪstɪk] (16990/19707)
Vocabulary: materialistic
(once / 4459 pages)
adj
Who doesn’t love the nice things that money can buy? But if all you care about is the stuff you have and the stuff you want to buy, you are materialistic.
Anyone who is obsessively focused on money, or cares deeply about owning luxury goods can be described as materialistic. Material is a synonym for matter: anything that exists. Originally, materialism was a philosophy that "only matter exists." But in 1851, American fiction writer Nathaniel Hawthorne tweaked the definition to mean “a way of life based entirely on consumer goods," a meaning that endures.
WORD FAMILY
materialistic: materialistically+/dematerialise: dematerialised, dematerialises/dematerialize: dematerialized, dematerializes, dematerializing/ immaterial: immaterialise, immateriality, immaterialize, immaterially/immaterialise: immaterialised/immaterialize: immaterialized, immaterializes/ material: immaterial, materialise, materialism, materiality, materialize, materially, materials, nonmaterial/materialisation: materialisations/materialise: dematerialise, materialisation, materialised, materialises, materialising/ materialism: materialisms, materialist, materialistic /materialist: materialists/materiality: materialities/materialization: materializations/ materialize: dematerialize, materialization, materialized, materializes, materializing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Most Americans are too materialistic to choose a saner way of life that would keep them healthier and happier.
New York Times(Feb 09, 2013)
Pope Francis has criticized capitalism for contributing to income inequality, the destruction of the environment and a pernicious materialistic worldview.
Washington Times(Nov 20, 2016)
She is the mother of a feckless loser of an adult son bullied by his brazenly materialistic girlfriend.
The Guardian(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 唯物论的，唯物主义的
分布：唯物主义的(67%)，唯物论的(25%)，贪图享乐的(8%)
US [-ˌtɪr.i-] adjective
■believing that having money and possessions is the most important thing in life 拜金的，物质主义的

Word: lighthearted
Front: lighthearted
['laɪt'hɑ:tɪd] (-/33056)
Vocabulary: lighthearted
(once / 9752 pages)
adj
Someone who tends to be happy and upbeat is lighthearted. When you are shopping for greeting cards, the lighthearted ones are the ones with the corny jokes, not the ones with pictures of dramatic sunsets.
Words like joyful, blithe, and happy-go-lucky capture the sense of lighthearted. People can be lighthearted, and so can entertaining things, like lighthearted movies, your uncle's lighthearted teasing, or a lighthearted family sing-along. The "full of cheer" meaning of lighthearted dates from about 1400, from both senses of light: "bright" and "not heavy."
WORD FAMILY
lighthearted: lightheartedly, lightheartedness
USAGE EXAMPLES
“There are lots of instances in blackface minstrelsy that are lighthearted and funny — and also offensive,” she said.
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
She can’t help but insert some pointed commentary about the prison-industrial complex, but her main point is more lighthearted, at least on the surface.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Our list this week is heavy — but lighthearted too! — on books about the visual and performance arts.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 轻松愉快的; 无忧无虑的; 随便的; 漫不经心的
分布：无忧无虑的(60%)，心情愉快的(40%)
【记】light轻，heart心，ed－心情比较轻松－无忧无虑的
【反】morose（adj 郁闷的）
adj. 快乐的，心情愉快的；无忧无虑的
 - festival, cheerful, enjoyable, gay

Word: matron
Front: matron
[ˈmeɪtrən] (16474/10328 -1)
Vocabulary: matron
(once / 810 pages)
n
A matron is a dignified, serious-minded married woman. The warden in a women's prison is also called a matron, which may lead you to conclude that the term is often not a glowing compliment.
In a wedding, you can have a maid of honor (the bride’s unmarried attendant) or a matron of honor (one who’s married). Matron includes the Latin root mater, "mother" — as in “maternal,” “maternity,” and “matrimony.” You may imagine matrons as gray-haired and stern, like Nurse Ratched in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, and to avoid negative stereotypes, the title matron, for the woman who runs a nursing home or boarding school, is often replaced with the gender-neutral “director.”
WORD FAMILY
matron: matronly, matrons
USAGE EXAMPLES
Respectable matrons were lured with such “dignity acts” as opera singers from Europe.
Economist(Dec 01, 2016)
There are the well-behaved young matrons seated next to their garrulous husbands.
Washington Times(Nov 29, 2016)
His wife at the time, the former Joan Roberts, was matron of honor.
New York Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: n. （受人尊敬的）已婚老妇人; 夫人; 女看守; 女警卫
分布：护士长(41%)，女总管(23%)，主妇(19%)，保姆(17%)
→matri-,母亲，-on,大词后缀。即像母亲一样的女人或年长的女性，引申词义女舍监，女护士长等。
(mart母,-on表示人)主妇,老妇[母matr(i);mater;metro]
主妇;保姆(matr+on→母亲,主妇)[matern,matr=mother,表示"母性,母亲"]
noun countable
SCHOOL 学校 UK old-fashioned
■a female nurse in a school （学校的）女舍监
['meɪ.trən] noun countable
HOSPITAL 医院 UK old-fashioned for
■ senior nursing officer
['meɪ.trən] noun countable
PRISON 监狱 US a woman who is in charge of female prisoners （监狱的）女看守
['meɪ.trən] noun countable
MARRIED WOMAN 已婚妇女 US a married woman, especially one who is old or a widow (= a woman whose husband has died) 上年纪的已婚妇女；孀妇
n. 主妇；保姆；妇女；女舍监
 - woman, homemaker

Word: minerva
Front: minerva
[miˈnə:və] (-/25342)
Back: n. 智慧和技术及工艺之神
分布：名词(100%)

Word: mineworker
Front: mineworker
[ˈmaɪnwɜ:kə(r)] (37500/23486)
Back: n. 矿工
分布：矿工(100%)
n. 矿工
 - collier, pitman

Word: microsecond
Front: microsecond
[ˈmaɪkrəʊsekənd] (28479/46545)
Back: n. 一百万分之一秒，微秒
分布：微秒(100%)
→micro-,微小的，second,秒。
US [-kroʊ-] noun countable
■0.000 001 of a second 微秒，百万分之一秒

Word: monoculture
Front: monoculture
[ˈmɒnəkʌltʃə(r)] (28170/38245)
Vocabulary: monoculture
(once / 218877 pages)
n
When a farmer grows just one crop — like wheat, or corn — it's called monoculture. On big, industrial farms, monoculture tends to be the current mode of choice (for better or for worse!).
Monoculture makes it easier for farms to produce huge amounts of a crop, and the simplicity of planting and harvesting, as well as pest control, makes things easier for workers and farmers. However, monoculture has become controversial because it hurts the quality of the soil over time, as well as allowing the fast and devastating spread of pests or disease. Polyculture, when many different crops are planted together, is healthier for the environment. Mono means "one" in Greek, while poly means "many."
WORD FAMILY
monoculture: monocultures
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some blue-collar neighborhoods that supported Trump have been portrayed as monocultures, the opposite of supposedly more diverse, cosmopolitan cities that favored Clinton, the Democratic candidate.
Seattle Times(Nov 19, 2016)
“The intention is to replace pluralism with a religious monoculture.”
The Guardian(Nov 15, 2016)
“Monoculture is not agriculture,” he said stroking one of the cows under her chin.
New York Times(Oct 25, 2016)
Back: n. 单一栽培，单作
分布：单作(62%)，单一栽培(38%)
→mono-,单个的，culture,文化，栽培。

Word: neologism
Front: neologism
[niˈɒlədʒɪzəm] (宝 31909/43566)
Vocabulary: neologism
(once / 49248 pages)
n
A neologism is a made-up or new word. Neologisms can be fun-ti-ful, but the problem is making sure others understand what you mean.
The word neologism was once a neologism itself. It was created by gluing the French prefix neo- onto the Greek logos or "word." People coin neologisms all the time, linguists track which ones stick, and eventually, we all feel they're old friends. Or maybe not: random samples from words coined in 2003 include: adultolescence, pastability, pre-zactly, and neomaxizoomdweebie.
WORD FAMILY
neologism: neologisms, neologist+/neologist: neologists
USAGE EXAMPLES
The names themselves, with their strange Greek neologisms, suggest just how far the language strained to tout the novelty of the experiences.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Still running — deadline Monday night, Oct 17: our Hyphen the Terrible neologism contest.
Washington Post(Oct 13, 2016)
Your neologisms don’t all have to come from the same day’s paper.
Washington Post(Oct 06, 2016)
Back: n. 新词; 旧词新义; 新词[新义]的使用; 新词[新义]的创造者[使用者]
分布：新语(55%)，新语症(30%)，新字(15%)
→neo-,新，-log,说，字，词，词源同legible,logo.
新词(neo+log词语+ism→新词语)[neo-表示"新的"]
US [-'ɑ:.lə-] formal
noun countable
■a new word or expression, or a new meaning for an existing word 新词；新语汇；旧词新义
n. 新词；新义；新词的使用
 - new words

Word: nickelodeon
Vocabulary: nickelodeon
(once / 19095 pages)
n
A nickelodeon is an old fashioned coin-operated machine that plays music. You can also call a nickelodeon a "jukebox."
In the US, it's common to refer to an old-timey jukebox or player piano (or any music machine that operates with a coin or token) as a nickelodeon, although the original meaning was a movie theater or cinema that cost five cents. The movie theater definition dates from the late 1800s, from the Greek oideion, "building for performances," and the jukebox meaning was first used in the 1930s.
WORD FAMILY
nickelodeon: nickelodeons
USAGE EXAMPLES
She speaks to me from LA between auditions at Disney and Nickelodeon.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
This week in oral histories: The obstacle course from Nickelodeon’s Double Dare.
Slate(Dec 02, 2016)
They have a successful ongoing kids program in “Mutt and Stuff” on Nickelodeon.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)

Word: montpellier

Word: multiplex
Front: multiplex
[ˈmʌltɪpleks] (21688/38907)
Back: adj. 多元的，多倍的，复式的; 多部的，复合的，多样的，多重的; ；[电讯]多路传输的
n. 多厅影院，多剧场影剧院; 多路
v. 多路传输，多路复用; 多重发讯
分布：多样的(31%)，多路传输(29%)，多元的(22%)，多厅电影院(12%)，多路传输的(6%)
→multi-,许多，多个，-plex,倍数，词源同imply,complex.
US [-tˌɪ-] noun countable
■a very large cinema that has a lot of separate cinemas inside it 多厅影院
adj. 多样的，多元的； [通信] 多路传输的
 - diversiform, variant

Word: nautilus
Front: nautilus
[ˈnɔ:tɪləs] (26809/-)
Back: n. 鹦鹉螺，缸鱼，鹦鹉螺号
分布：鹦鹉螺(82%)，舡鱼(18%)
→来自拉丁语naus,船，词源同navigate,navy.用于指多种海洋头足纲动物，如章鱼，海螺等，后用于指鹦鹉螺，现多见于轮船船名。
n. 鹦鹉螺；鹦鹉螺号
 - ramshorn

Word: nipple
Front: nipple
[ˈnɪpl] (8851/10590 -1)
Back: n. 乳头; <美>（奶品的）橡皮奶头; （枪炮的）火门; [机]喷灯喷嘴，螺纹接套
分布：乳头(99%)，牛奶瓶的奶嘴(1%)
→可能来自nib，鸟嘴，喙，-le,小词后缀。用于俚语乳头，奶嘴。
noun countable
■the dark part of the skin which sticks out from the breast of a mammal and through which milk is supplied to the young 乳头
US for * teat (BOTTLE)
n. [解剖] 乳头，奶头；奶嘴
 - niple, tit

Word: opioid
Front: opioid
[əʊ'pi:əʊɪd] (25836/18263)
Back: adj. 类鸦片（引起）的
n. 类鸦片活性肽
分布：类鸦片(82%)，类鸦片的(18%)

Word: origination
Front: origination
[əˌrɪdʒɪ'neɪʃən] (26944/37110)
Back: n. 发源; 起始; 鼻
分布：起源(86%)，开始(14%)
n. 起源；开始；起始
 - birth, threshold, conception, beginning, opening

Word: nightfall
Front: nightfall
[ˈnaɪtfɔ:l] (14003/15356)
Vocabulary: nightfall
(once / 1068 pages)
n
Nightfall is the part of a day when the sun goes down and evening begins. In suburban neighborhoods, parents often call their kids to come home for dinner at nightfall.
It gets dark at nightfall, marking the end of the day. You can also all this time dusk or twilight. If your dad warns you to be home from your bike ride by nightfall, he wants you home before sunset. Nightfall has a bit of an old fashioned, poetic sound, and it dates from the early eighteenth century, a combination of night, from the Old English niht, or "darkness," and fall, or "come suddenly."
WORD FAMILY
nightfall: nightfalls
USAGE EXAMPLES
One of the men texted his girlfriend after nightfall and said they needed help.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
My curiosity grew further when, at nightfall, three women in their 20s walked in.
BBC(Dec 23, 2016)
Our Sabbath starts as the sun begins to set on Friday and continues until after nightfall Saturday.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 黄昏，傍晚; 曛
分布：黄昏(65%)，傍晚(35%)
→即夜晚降临，黄昏。
US [-fɑ:l] noun uncountable
■the time in the evening when it becomes dark 黄昏，傍晚，日暮
n. 黄昏；傍晚；日暮
 - dark, sunset

Word: orifice
Front: orifice
[ˈɒrɪfɪs] (宝 22407/22991)
Vocabulary: orifice
(once / 3466 pages)
n
An orifice is an opening or a hole, most often in the body, such as your mouth or your nostril.
We most often use orifice to describe a natural opening in our bodies, but it can an opening into any cavity, such as a hollowed out tree trunk, or the vent of a heating system. Other definitions of orifice include a type of nozzle used in plumbing applications and a plate used to measure the flow of liquid.
WORD FAMILY
orifice: orifices
USAGE EXAMPLES
“You guys are going to find this gel in every one of your orifices after you’re done!” instructor Daniel Ford Beavis shouts gleefully.
Seattle Times(Oct 27, 2016)
There are a great many men who don’t behave like Trump, who do treat women like human beings and not walking orifices.
Time(Oct 08, 2016)
You might think I’m some highfalutin media hotshot with connections exploding out of all of my orifices, but I’m not.
The Guardian(Sep 30, 2016)
Back: n. 孔; 洞口
分布：孔(100%)
→来自拉丁语orificium,开口，来自ori-,嘴，词源同oral,-fic,做，词源同do,fact.引申词义孔，穴，腔。
【记】ori＝ora嘴，说，fice＝face一脸上的小嘴一小孔
US ['ɔ:r.ə-] noun countable
■an opening or hole, especially one in the body, such as the mouth （尤指身体的）孔，窍，穴，腔
• humorous I was stuffing cake into every available orifice. 我身上能塞的地方全都塞满了蛋糕。
• formal The driver was bleeding from every orifice. 司机七孔流血。
n. [植] [机] 孔口
 - ostiole

Word: peaceably
Front: peaceably
['pi:səblɪ] (28004/32946)
Back: adv. 息事宁人地; 和平地，温和地
分布：温和地(50%)，和平地(50%)
adv. 和平地；温和地
 - gently, friendly, soft

Word: parkland
Front: parkland
[ˈpɑ:klænd] (21661/14973 -1)
Back: n. 公用场地; 稀树高原
分布：公用场地(78%)，适合修建公园的土地(22%)
US ['pɑ:rk-] noun uncountable
■an area of open land with grass and trees 有树丛的开阔草地，公园绿地
• The college is surrounded by 70 acres of parkland. 该学院周围有70英亩的公园绿地。

Word: parchment
Front: parchment
[ˈpɑ:tʃmənt] (11356/12374)
Vocabulary: parchment
(once / 1257 pages)
n
Parchment is what people used to write on before paper was common, hundreds of years ago. Instead of being made from trees, parchment was made from animal skins.
As early as the second century BC, ancient Greeks invented a method of treating animal skins to make a writing surface, parchment, that was less expensive than the papyrus they used before that. Parchment continued to be used through the 1400s, when Europeans began making paper. These days, you're most likely to see parchment in a museum or historical movie. The word comes from the name of the city where it was invented, Pergamon.
WORD FAMILY
parchment: parchments
USAGE EXAMPLES
Kristy Parchment was arrested on charges of being an accessory to armed robbery.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Line two baking sheets with parchment paper and set them aside.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 21, 2016)
One person wiped down a banana leaf and placed it on parchment paper.
Washington Post(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: n. 羊皮纸; 文凭; 上等纸; 羊皮纸古文稿
分布：羊皮纸(87%)，仿羊皮纸(13%)
→来自拉丁语pergamena,来自希腊语Pergamon,小亚细亚古国Mysia城市名，位于现土耳其境内Bergama.因产于该地而得名，埃及纸莎草替代书写材料。拼写通俗化。
US ['pɑ:rtʃ-] noun
uncountable
■the thin dried skin of some animals which was used in the past for writing on, or a high quality paper made to look like this （旧时书写用的）羊皮纸；仿羊皮纸
• ancient parchment 古代羊皮纸
• He'd been ill for a long time, and his skin was like parchment. 他病了很久，皮肤像羊皮纸似的。
countable
■a document written on parchment 羊皮纸文件
• A framed parchment hung on the wall. 一份镶了框的羊皮纸文件挂在墙上。
n. [纸] 羊皮纸；羊皮纸文稿
 - membrane, pergamyn

Word: patio
Front: patio
[ˈpætiəʊ] (6874/9017 -1)
Vocabulary: patio
(once / 4355 pages)
n
A patio is a space for sitting outside that's usually paved. Your neighbors' patio might be paved with bricks and decorated with flowers in pots.
Some patios are paved with stone or concrete slabs that together form a sort of outdoor floor. You can also call this area a terrace, verandah, or courtyard. A patio is usually located beside or behind a house or apartment building, although some public buildings also have patios — a restaurant might have a patio for outdoor seating, for example. Patio means "court open to the sky" in Spanish, from the Old Provençal pati, "communal pasture."
WORD FAMILY
patio: patios
USAGE EXAMPLES
Tattered sheets and underwear were flapping on a clothesline a few feet from his patio tables.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
Florida and California offered their own midcentury vision, centered on patios and swimming pools.
Seattle Times(Dec 30, 2016)
At the Palafox Hotel across the street, where rooms start at $12 dollars a night, the patio is festooned with drying laundry.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 院子，天井; <西>露台，平台
分布：天井(41%)，露台(30%)，庭院(29%)
→来自西班牙语patio,平台，露天阳台，来自拉丁语patere,展开，摊开，词源同feather,patent.
庭院;平台(pat平坦的)[-o 1.表名词"人,物或状态"2.表名词,用于音乐术语]
【记】pat公开，io－公开之地－天井
US ['pætˌ.i.oʊ] (plural patios)
noun countable
■an area outside a house with a solid floor but no roof which is used, especially for eating, in good weather 院子，天井；露台，平台
• In the summer we have breakfast out on the patio. 夏天我们在外面露台上吃早餐。
n. 露台；天井
 - courtyard, gazebo

Word: peseta
Front: peseta
[pəˈseɪtə] (-/24815)
Back: n. 比塞塔（西班牙基本货币单位）
分布：名词(100%)
→来自西班牙语peso,比索，-eta,小词后缀。
US [-tˌə] noun countable
■the standard unit of money used in Spain before they started using the euro 比萨（欧元流通前西班牙的标准货币单位）

Word: pia

Word: polarity
Front: polarity
[pəˈlærəti] (六宝 18404/16564)
Vocabulary: polarity
(once / 10620 pages)
n
Polarity is a relationship between two opposite characteristics or tendencies, like the polarity of two sides of a debate, or of the superhero and villain in a comic book.
Polarity can literally refer to a positive or negative electric charge. Less literally, it indicates something with two opposing but related qualities. You might visualize polarity as a battery holder with a plus sign on one end and a negative on the other. More than just opposites, polarity suggests opposites that are interconnected. What would the light of day be without the dark of night? Good without evil? Yin without Yang?
WORD FAMILY
polarity: polarities+/depolarise: depolarised, depolarising/depolarization: depolarizations/depolarize: depolarization, depolarized, depolarizes, depolarizing/ polar: bipolar, circumpolar, nonpolar, polarise, polarity, polarize, polarly, transpolar/polarisation: depolarisation/polarise: depolarise, polarisation, polarised, polarises, polarising/ polarization: polarizations/ polarize: depolarize, polarization, polarized, polarizes, polarizing/ pole: polar, poled, poles, poling
USAGE EXAMPLES
Adding to the intrigue of this wager is the polarity of the bets.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Each ring maintained a magnetic field traveling around the ring and holding its polarity until it received a signal from the wires to change direction.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
You could be forgiven for believing that maybe the polarities of karma have reversed, and the world now belongs to jerks.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 19, 2016)
Back: n. [物]极性; [生]反向性; 对立; [数]配极
分布：极性(93%)，两极(6%)，磁性引力(1%)
→来自pole,地级，两级，-ity,名词后缀。
US [poʊ'ler.ə.tˌi] noun uncountable
OPPOSITE 相反
■the quality of being opposite 截然相反，截然对立
• The film is based on the polarity of the two main characters. 这部电影以两个主角在性格上的迥异为基础。
UK [pəʊ'lær.ə.ti] US [poʊ'ler.ə.tˌi] noun uncountable
PLACE 地方
■the quality of having two poles 两极性
• reversed polarity 极性逆转
n. [物] 极性；两极；对立
 - antagonism, opponency

Word: phew
Front: phew
[fju:] (28909/20625)
Back: int. （表示厌恶、不安、松一口气等）唷！呸！哎呀！
分布：唷！呸！（表示不快(100%)
→感叹词。
int. 唷（表示不快、惊讶的声音）
 - yo, yeo

Word: plata

Word: pyrotechnics
Front: pyrotechnics
[ˌpaɪrəˈteknɪks] None
Back: n. 烟火制造术，烟火使用
分布：烟火制造术(60%)，各种烟火(29%)，技巧展示(11%)
→来自pyrotechnic,烟花，-ics,技术，学问。
US [-roʊ-] plural noun
■a public show of fireworks 焰火，烟火表演
■a show of great skill, especially by a musician or someone giving a speech （尤指音乐家或演讲者）出神入化的表演，出色的表现
• His verbal pyrotechnics could hold an audience spellbound. 他出色的口才能迷倒听众。

Word: raccoon
Front: raccoon
[rəˈku:n] (12300/46819)
Vocabulary: raccoon
(once / 6321 pages)
n
A raccoon is a mammal with dextrous, hand-like front paws and dark markings on its face that look like a mask. You might see a raccoon trying to get into your trash at night, looking for a midnight snack.
Raccoons live in North and Central America, and they're commonly found in urban areas. They're known for their rascally nocturnal nature, since they can use their paws to open trashcan lids and often nest in people's attics. Raccoons can also carry rabies, and they hiss loudly when threatened. More charmingly, they also use their hands for washing and holding food — the Algonquian root of raccoon, arahkunem, means "he scratches with his hands."
WORD FAMILY
raccoon: raccoons
USAGE EXAMPLES
As it sat idle for months, the dirt-covered floor of the foundry became home to deer, raccoons and snakes.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
It was about a raccoon and an alligator.
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
The labelling held no clues, but a closer look at the small print in the online product description revealed it was raccoon fur.
BBC(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: n. 浣熊; 浣熊毛皮
分布：浣熊(97%)，浣熊的毛皮(3%)
→来自北美印第安土著语 arahkun,浣熊。拼写被俗化。
(also racoon) [ræk'u:n/ (mainly US informal coon)
noun countable
■a small North American animal with black marks on its face and a long tail with black rings on it 浣熊（产于北美洲）
n. 浣熊；浣熊毛皮
 - racoon, coon

Word: reefer
Front: reefer
[ˈri:fə(r)] (28056/46710)
Back: n. 收帆的人; 双排扣水手上衣; <美俚>大麻卷烟; 冷藏车
分布：冰箱(52%)，缩帆者(16%)，冷藏车(16%)，双排扣夹克(16%)
→来自 reef,帆，收帆。原指船上水手收帆时穿的衣服。
US [-fɚ] noun countable
CIGARETTE 大麻烟 old-fashioned informal
■a cigarette that you roll yourself containing the drug cannabis 大麻烟卷
UK ['ri:.fər] US [-fɚ] noun countable
JACKET 夹克 (also reefer jacket)
■a jacket made of thick material and often worn by sailors （常指水手穿的）厚呢短夹克
n. 冰箱；方形短茄克；缩帆结；双排扣水手上衣；收帆的人
 - refrigerator, freezer

Word: razzle
Front: razzle
[ˈræzl] None
Back: n. <俚>哄闹，狂饮喧闹; （娱乐场的）晕旋转台
分布：狂欢聚会(100%)
UK informal
noun
on the razzle
■enjoying yourself, visiting bars and dancing, etc 外出寻欢作乐；外出纵饮狂欢
• I was (out) on the razzle last night, and I'm rather tired this morning. 昨晚我（外出）狂欢去了，所以今天上午觉得很累。
n. 旋转木马；喧闹
 - carousel, carrousel

Word: rancid
Front: rancid
[ˈrænsɪd] (宝 18196/22713)
Vocabulary: rancid
(once / 8788 pages)
adj
Rancid means sour, rotten, and nasty and refers most specifically to the sharp bad smell of decomposing oils or fats. "Rancid" is a great name for a post-punk band, but a lousy way to describe the sauce on your eggs Benedict.
If you've never had the pleasure of smelling something rancid, life has quite a wallop in store for you. As meat, fat, or oil decomposes the chemical change creates a sharp wretched stink that will cause you to recoil. It's just foul. The powerful horrendous fragrance of rancid butter, therefore, makes the word wonderfully potent to describe all sorts of things — from a corrupt dictatorship to a party that's gone on a few hours too long.
WORD FAMILY
rancid: rancidity, rancidly, rancidness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Republican leaders are quick to note that, while Garland appears to be qualified, his name is an anagram for “Rancid Lark Germ.”
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Poor quality oil, or oil that has gone rancid, will have a lower smoke point.
Seattle Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Jokes about race, women’s anatomy and little people are sprinkled, like rancid pepper, over a script that depends on the inherent humor of cuss words.
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: adj. （指含有油脂食物）因变质而有陈腐味道或气味的，（指气味或味道）如陈腐脂肪味的
分布：腐臭的(51%)，令人作呕的(29%)，有腐臭油脂味的(20%)
→来自拉丁语 rancere,发臭的，腐烂的，词源可能同 rankle.-id,形容词后缀。
【记】ran＝run跑，cid掉：跑完一万米往下掉臭汗－恶臭难闻的
adjective
■(of butter, oil, etc.) tasting or smelling unpleasant because not fresh （奶油、油等）不新鲜的，变味的，腐败变质的
adj. 腐臭的；令人作呕的，讨厌的
 - evil, rank

Word: regensburg

Word: rainstorm
Front: rainstorm
[ˈreɪnstɔ:m] (17419/20897)
Back: n. 暴风雨，大暴雨
分布：暴风雨(100%)
US [-stɔ:rm] noun countable
■a weather condition with strong wind and heavy rain 暴风雨
n. 暴风雨，雨暴
 - heavy storm, snow-storm

Word: riviera
Front: riviera
[ˌrɪvɪ'eərə] (-/24145)
Back: 海滨度假胜地（尤指法国的地中海海滨）
分布：名词(100%)
→该词大写为意大利海滨度假胜地 Riviera,来自意大利语 riviera,河岸，海滨，词源同 river.
US [-'er.ə] noun countable
■an area of coast, especially one where there are holiday towns with beaches 海滨假日游憩胜地
• the French/Italian/Cornish riviera 法国／义大利／科尼什海滨渡假胜地

Word: reis

Word: reorient
Front: reorient
[ˌri:'ɔ:rɪent] (托)
Vocabulary: reorient
(once / 36936 pages)
v
When you get lost, you can reorient yourself with a compass. Reorient can also be used figuratively. You got off track with your college plans, but now you have reoriented yourself, and you are applying for the fall semester.
The verb reorient has orient as its base. Orient is from the Latin word orientem, which refers to the sun rising in the East. In fact the verb orient meant to face East, so reorient literally means to face East again. Today, reorient is to adjust to new circumstances or positions. The curriculum will reorient student learning goals, but it also means you have to learn the new, new, new math.
WORD FAMILY
reorient: reorientation, reoriented, reorienting+/disorient: disorientation, disoriented, disorienting, disorients/disorientation: disorientations/ disorienting: disorientingly/ orient: disorient, oriental, orientated, orientation, oriented, orienting, orients, reorient /oriental: orientalise, orientalism, orientalist, orientalize, orientally/orientalise: orientalised, orientalising/orientalism: orientalisms/orientalist: orientalists/orientalize: orientalized, orientalizing/ orientation: orientations/ oriented: unoriented
USAGE EXAMPLES
Nor is the party’s ability to modernize and reorient its vast propaganda apparatus — perhaps the world’s largest — guaranteed.
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
But if campaign rhetoric is a reliable guide, reorienting trade policy may become one of the main goals of the new administration.
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
In the wake of the Russian ban, Moldovan wine producers scrambled to reorient to Europe.
Slate(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: vt. 使适应，再教育
时态：reoriented, reorienting, reorients
→re-,再，重新，orient,定位。
vt. 使适应；再调整
 - adapt, condition, suit, season

Word: reorientation
Front: reorientation
[ˌri:ɔ:rɪən'teɪʃn] (25019/26272)
Vocabulary: reorientation
(once / 81513 pages)
n
Reorientation is the act of figuring out again where you are in relationship to your environment, or changing direction. If you're lost in the woods, a compass and map are good for reorientation.
Reorientation is often related to location: figuring out where you are and pointing yourself in the right direction. A football player who gets spun around on the field may need a quick reorientation so he doesn't run the wrong way. But reorientation is also about rethinking, and maybe changing, the way you approach something, like an idea or a project.
WORD FAMILY
reorient: reorientation, reoriented, reorienting+/disorient: disorientation, disoriented, disorienting, disorients/disorientation: disorientations/ disorienting: disorientingly/ orient: disorient, oriental, orientated, orientation, oriented, orienting, orients, reorient /oriental: orientalise, orientalism, orientalist, orientalize, orientally/orientalise: orientalised, orientalising/orientalism: orientalisms/orientalist: orientalists/orientalize: orientalized, orientalizing/ orientation: orientations/ oriented: unoriented
USAGE EXAMPLES
His high-stakes reorientation of American foreign policy worries many experts, and the results might not be fully understood for years.
Time(Dec 22, 2016)
Mr Jammeh's Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction party announced, late on Saturday, that a petition will be filed to The Gambia's Supreme Court.
BBC(Dec 11, 2016)
Dr. Nimmo said Pluto’s reorientation occurred quickly, within a few thousand years.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. 再定位
分布：再教育(50%)，使重新适应(50%)

Word: scramjet
Front: scramjet
['skræmdʒet] (37556/-)
Back: n. 超音速冲压喷射装置
分布：超音速冲压喷气发动机(100%)

Word: sadden
Front: sadden
[ˈsædn] (宝 12385/13839 -1)
Back: v. 使悲哀; 使伤心
时态：saddened, saddening, saddens
分布：动词(100%)
→sad,伤心的，难过的，-en,使。
【记】sad（adj 忧愁悲哀的）
【反】exhilarate（v 使高兴愉快）
verb transitive
 IMPROVER
■to make someone sad 使悲伤，使难过，使伤心
• [+ to infinitive] It saddens me to think that we'll never see her again. 一想到我们再也见不到她了就令我非常伤心。
• We are deeply saddened by this devastating tragedy. 这起令人震惊的悲剧事件使我们沉浸在深深的悲痛之中。
vt. 使悲伤，使难过；使黯淡
 - grieve
vi. 悲哀；悲痛
 - grieve

Word: roper
Front: roper
['rəʊpə] (29062/23730)
Back: n. 制绳者，<美>用索套捕牲口的牧人，诱人进入赌场者
分布：制绳者(60%)，诱人进入赌场者(40%)

Word: sark
Front: sark
[sɑ:k] (-/27903)
Back: n. <苏格兰>衬衣，内衣; 浴盆; 柜子
分布：名词(100%)
n. [服装] 衬衣
 - underlinen

Word: sheraton
Front: sheraton
['ʃerət(ə)n] (-/21031)
Back: n. （英国细木工）谢拉顿家具式样
adj. 谢拉顿风格的，谢拉顿式的
分布：雪里顿式的(50%)，雪里顿风格的(50%)

Word: simian
Front: simian
[ˈsɪmiən] (宝 27732/37896)
Vocabulary: simian
(once / 13555 pages)
adjn
As a noun, a simian is a monkey or ape. Something monkey- or ape-like can be described using the adjective simian. So: something can be simian without being a simian. Got it?
The first syllable in simian rhymes with dim and gets the accent: "SIM-ee-an." This is a case in which the adjective form came before the noun. How? Simian comes from the Greek word simos, meaning "snub-nosed, bent upward." It wasn't until the late nineteenth century that this description became the label for those animals whose noses simian describes.
WORD FAMILY
simian: simians
USAGE EXAMPLES
This time around, she’s swinging with a smaller simian, but her ambition is bigger.
Washington Post(Oct 17, 2016)
For the study, they infected 18 monkeys with simian immunodeficiency virus, or SIV, the monkey version of HIV.
Washington Post(Oct 14, 2016)
He created Mr. Spock’s pointy ears for the “Star Trek” TV show and the lifelike simian prostheses for “Planet of the Apes.”
Washington Post(Aug 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 类人猿的; 像类人猿的，像猴的
n. 类人猿，猴
分布：猴子(30%)，类人猿(22%)，类人猿的(22%)，猿的(13%)，猴子一般的(13%)
→来自拉丁语 simia,猿猴，来自 simus,翘鼻子，来自希腊语 simos,翘鼻子。
类人猿(simi猴子+ian)[-ian 1.表名词"某种人"2.表形容词"…国家的"]
['sɪm.i.ən] formal
adjective noun countable
■(of or like) a monkey （像）猴子（的）
n. 猴子；类人猿
 - monkey, great apes
adj. 类人猿的；猴子一般的
 - protohuman, infrahuman

Word: septic
Front: septic
[ˈseptɪk] (雅宝 14103/22827)
Vocabulary: septic
(once / 3614 pages)
adj
Septic is connected to dangerous waste products. If your house is not connected to your town or city's sewer, your waste from drains and toilets goes into a septic tank.
Derived from a Greek word meaning "rotten," septic can indicate that something is infected. When a hospital patient goes into "septic shock," it means that their body, wracked by an infection, is starting to fail. People in septic shock are victims of a condition called sepsis.
WORD FAMILY
septic: antiseptic +/ antiseptic: antiseptically, antisepticize, antiseptics/antisepticize: antisepticized
USAGE EXAMPLES
Their application requests use of the public sewer, which the organization argues is more environmentally sound than a septic tank.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
No matter, the aunt called in the local farmer with his slurry tank and he drained the septic tank.
The Guardian(Dec 30, 2016)
The cause was septic shock, said a son, John Lynch.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 脓毒性的，腐败性的
分布：腐败的(75%)，败血的(25%)
→来自 sepsis,脓毒，-tic,形容词后缀。
受感染的(sept感染+ic)[-ic 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人或学科"3.表名词"某种病"]
腐败的;败血病的[sept=rotten(烂)]
【记】sept细菌，ic－导致腐烂的，感染的
【参】antiseptic（adj 防腐的；n 杀菌剂）
【反】free of infection（未受感染的）
adjective
■infected by bacteria which produce pus 败血症的，脓毒性细菌感染的，脓毒性的
• I had my ears pierced and one of them went septic. 我穿了耳洞，有一只耳朵感染了。
adj. 败血症的； [医] 脓毒性的；腐败的
 - corrupt, putrid
n. 腐烂物
 - ulcer

Word: sensationalist
Front: sensationalist
[sen'seɪʃənəlɪst] (32487/34982)
Back: n. 感觉论者
分布：哗众取宠的人(100%)

Word: shrive

Word: singly
Front: singly
[ˈsɪŋgli] (20540/14398)
Back: adv. 单独地; 单身地; 单个地; 单枪匹马地
分布：一个一个地(45%)，各自地(33%)，分别地(11%)，单独地(11%)
adverb
■one at a time 单个地；逐一地；一个一个地
• Doctors usually see their patients singly. 医生通常一次诊视一个病人。
adv. 逐一地；个别地；各自地；直截了当地
 - respectively, separately, personally, individually

Word: slipstream
Front: slipstream
[ˈslɪpstri:m] (28999/35490)
Back: n. （螺旋桨引起的）滑流，（行驶中车辆后的）气流，起带动作用的助力
v. （在前面的车辆形成的滑流里）驾驶或循环
分布：名词(97%)，动词(3%)
noun countable
■a current of air behind a quickly moving object such as a car travelling extremely fast or an aircraft （高速行驶的汽车、飞机后的）逸流，滑流
n. 气流；冲流
 - airstream, airflow

Word: skeptical
Front: skeptical
['skeptɪkəl] (研六托 4963/-)
Vocabulary: skeptical
(once / 938 pages)
adj
If a friend told you that her family was perfect and they never had any problems, would you believe her? If not, you may be skeptical. Skeptical people look at the world with a certain amount of doubt.
This word comes from ancient Greece, where a philosopher named Pyrrho taught his followers that we can never really understand the true nature of things, only how they appear to us. (So basically, we should stop searching for the meaning of life and just relax.) In Pyrrho's view, the true sage was someone who realized that it was impossible to be certain about anything. His followers were called Skeptikoi, or Skeptics; the Greek word skeptikos means “given to asking questions.”
WORD FAMILY
skeptical: skeptically, skepticism +/ skeptic: skeptical, skeptics/ skepticism: skepticisms
USAGE EXAMPLES
There are two main reasons to be skeptical.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
“By the people, and foundations, for the people”? I’m skeptical.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
South Koreans are increasingly skeptical of the chaebol and the economic model they represent.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Back: adj. 怀疑性的，好怀疑的，<口>无神论的
分布：怀疑的(100%)
→skeptic,怀疑者，-al,形容词后缀。
怀疑的(skept怀疑+ical)[-ical表形容词"…的"]
a.怀疑的[英]scepticalHe is skeptical about everything.他对于一切事都持怀疑的态度.
adj. 怀疑的；怀疑论的，不可知论的
 - sceptical, suspicious

Word: solstice
Front: solstice
[ˈsɒlstɪs] (18725/35146 -1)
Vocabulary: solstice
(once / 7319 pages)
n
The longest and shortest days of the year — the days when the sun is furthest from the Equator — are each called a solstice.
If you are on the part of the earth that is pointed towards the sun on the solstice, you are probably enjoying the longest day of summer. If you're pointed away, it is the shortest day of winter. Some people who do not believe in organized religion but like the idea of bringing lights inside and brightening a dark season celebrate the winter solstice, which falls a few days before Christmas.
WORD FAMILY
solstice: solstices
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Winter Solstice, celebrated this year on Dec. 21, marks the shortest day and the longest night of the year.
Washington Times(Jan 03, 2017)
“I participated in a solstice meditation led by a great meditation teacher,” she says.
Salon(Dec 29, 2016)
In ancient civilizations, the winter solstice was traditionally a time of celebration.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 至，至日
分布：至(73%)，至日(19%)，至点(8%)
→sol,太阳，-st,站住，停止，词源同 stand,-ice,名词后缀。字面意思即太阳停止的地方，用于指 夏至（北回归线）或冬至（南回归线）。
US ['sɑ:l-] noun countable
■either of the two occasions in the year when the sun is directly above either the furthest point north or the furthest point south of the equator that it ever reaches. These are the times in the year, in the middle of the summer or winter, when there are the longest hours of day or night 至，至日
• the summer/winter solstice 夏／冬至
Compare equinox

Word: tahiti

Word: sui
Front: sui
['sjʊaɪ] None
Back: adj. <拉>其自己的
分布：形容词(100%)

Word: suchlike
Front: suchlike
[ˈsʌtʃlaɪk] (38210/25012)
Back: pron. 这样的人或物
adj. 像这样的，诸如此类的
分布：诸如此类的(100%)
determiner pronoun
■things of that type 诸如此类的东西
• There's a shop in the hospital where they sell flowers and chocolates and suchlike. 医院里有个卖鲜花、巧克力之类东西的商店。
adj. 诸如此类的；上述一类的；同类的
 - akin, homogenous

Word: technocracy
Front: technocracy
[tekˈnɒkrəsi] (42357/-)
Back: n. 技术专家治国（制）
分布：专家政治(72%)，技术专家政治论(28%)

Word: tanganyika

Word: taster
Front: taster
[ˈteɪstə(r)] (21858/22214 -1)
Back: n. 品尝员; 尝味器
分布：尝味道者(51%)，试味用具(33%)，取作样品的少量食品或饮料(16%)
US [-stɚ] noun countable
JOB 职业
■a person who tastes food or drink as a job 品尝师；（职业）试味员
• a wine -taster 品酒师
UK ['teɪ.stər] US [-stɚ] noun countable
SMALL AMOUNT 少量
■a small amount or short experience of something which is intended either to make you understand what it is like or to make you want more of it （供品尝的）少量食品或饮料；做某事的短期体验（目的是让人更了解其味道或某事的面貌特点，或驱使人再多吃（喝）或多做一点）

Word: talmud

Word: telecommuting
Front: telecommuting
[ˌtelɪkə'mju:tɪŋ] (20857/-)
Back: 电讯家庭办公/在家办公; 远程交换，远程办公
分布：远程办公(90%)，动词telecommute的现在分词.(5%)，远程联机(5%)
US [-ɪŋ] noun uncountable
■ teleworking

Word: toner
Front: toner
[ˈtəʊnə(r)] (24767/26769 -1)
Back: n. 调色剂，增色剂; 色粉; 调色液; 收敛剂
分布：墨粉(44%)，色剂(26%)，爽肤水(18%)，炭粉(12%)
→来自 tone,皮肤柔韧性，-er,表物。
US ['toʊ.nɚ] noun countable or uncountable
■a substance that you put on your face after you have cleaned it to make the skin feel firm 紧肤水

Word: tendentious
Front: tendentious
[tenˈdenʃəs] (宝 28321/33289)
Vocabulary: tendentious
(once / 95318 pages)
adj
If you are writing a report on climate change and you ignore evidence that the earth is warming, the paper might be called tendentious. Tendentious means promoting a specific, and controversial, point of view.
When something is tendentious, it shows a bias towards a particular point of view, especially one that people disagree about. It shares a root with the word, tendency, which means leaning towards acting a certain way. If you have the tendency to talk in a tendentious manner about politics, people might tend to avoid you at parties.
WORD FAMILY
tendentious: tendentiously, tendentiousness+/ tend: tended, tendency, tender, tending, tends/tended: untended/ tendency: tendencies, tendencious, tendentious / tender: tendered, tenderer, tenderest, tendering, tenderise, tenderize, tenderized, tenderly, tenderness, tenders/tenderise: tenderisation, tenderised, tenderiser/tenderize: tenderization, tenderizer, tenderizes, tenderizing/tenderizer: tenderizers/tenderness: tendernesses/tending: tendings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Tendentious PolitiFact ratings are a classic genre of bad journalism.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 17, 2016)
Or it presents a tendentious interpretation of the facts.
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
WikiLeaks was later accused of tendentious editing, but the clip would be shocking in any guise.
The New Yorker(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: adj. （指演说、文章等）宣传性的; 有偏见的; 淘气的; 倔强的
adv. 宣传性地，不公平地，有倾向性地
n. 倾向性小说
分布：有偏见的(39%)，有倾向的(37%)，=tendencious.(12%)，有目的的(12%)
【记】源于：tendence（n 趋势；趋向）导致偏见tend倾向，entious－有倾向的－有偏见的
【反】unbiased（adj 没有偏见的）；unprejudiced（adj 公平的）
[ten'den.tʃəs] formal
adjective
■(of speech or writing) expressing or supporting a particular opinion which many other people disagree with （演讲或文章）有强烈倾向的；有偏见的
adj. 有偏见的，有倾向的；宣传性的
 - biased, jaundiced

Word: theoretician
Front: theoretician
[ˌθɪərə'tɪʃn] (22785/22186)
Back: n. 精通于理论的人，理论家
分布：理论家(83%)，精通于理论的人(17%)
n. 理论家，精通于理论的人
 - egghead, ideologist

Word: tizzy
Front: tizzy
[ˈtɪzi] (-/44519)
Back: n. 惊慌，紧张
分布：紧张(48%)，慌乱(28%)，兴奋(24%)
['tɪz.i/ (UK also tizz) informal
noun only singular
■a temporary state of worry and confusion （短暂的）慌乱，紧张
• She got herself in a real tizzy because she couldn't find her car keys. 由于找不到车匙，她着实慌乱了一阵。

Word: timorous
Front: timorous
[ˈtɪmərəs] (宝 35212/35480)
Vocabulary: timorous
(once / 2941 pages)
adj
A timorous person is timid or shy, like your timorous friend who likes to hang out with close pals but gets nervous around big groups of new people.
The adjective timorous is actually the Latin word for ”fearful.” But timorous is a specific kind of fearfulness — the kind that strikes people before giving a speech, or walking into a crowded place where people are socializing. Also called "shy" or "timid," timorous people often become more comfortable when they see a familiar face in the crowd.
WORD FAMILY
timorous: timorously, timorousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Throughout, supporters delighted at what they considered a willingness to say what other more timorous and calculated politicians refused.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 07, 2016)
Maybe Chicago’s example will inspire spinal infusions at the likes of Rutgers, the University of Missouri, and even the timorous souls at Yale.
Wall Street Journal(Aug 25, 2016)
The U.S. response to this has been timorous, with nary a word of public protest.
Wall Street Journal(Aug 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 胆怯的，羞怯的
adv. 胆怯地，羞怯地
n. 羞怯，胆怯
分布：胆怯的(71%)，羞怯的(29%)
→来自拉丁语 timor,恐惧，胆小，来自拉丁语 timere,使恐惧，词源不详，词源同 timid.
胆小的(tim+orus....的→胆小的)[tim=fear,表示"害怕"]
胆小的(timor胆怯)[-ous表形容词,通常放在一个完整的单词后,表示"…的"]
【记】tim胆小，orous－胆怯的
【参】intimidate（v 恐吓）
【反】intrepid（adj 无畏的）；scrappy（adj 爱打架的）；stalwart（adj 坚定的）
US [-ɚ.əs] literary
adjective
■nervous and without much confidence; timid 羞怯的；胆小的，胆怯的
adj. 胆怯的；胆小的；羞怯的
 - chicken, modest

Word: tyrannosaurus
Front: tyrannosaurus
[tɪˌrænə'sɔ:rəs] (29441/-)
Back: n. 暴龙
分布：名词(75%)，形容词(25%)
US [-'sɔ:r.əs] (also tyrannosaur)
noun countable
■a frightening dinosaur with large, powerful back legs, small front legs and a long tail 霸王龙，暴龙

Word: tricolour
Front: tricolour
[ˈtrɪkələ(r)] (-/35563)
Back: n. 三色旗
adj. 三色的
分布：三色旗(64%)，三色的(30%)，=tricolor.(6%)
US ['traɪˌkʌl.ɚ] noun countable
■a flag which is divided into three equal parts of different colour 三色旗
• the French tricolour 法国三色旗
adj. 三色的
 - three-color, tristimulus

Word: tummy
Front: tummy
[ˈtʌmi] (13953/10550 -1)
Back: n. <非正>胃，肚子
分布：名词(100%)
['tʌm.i] informal or child's word
noun countable
■the stomach, or the lower front part of the body 胃，肚子
• a tummy ache 肚子痛
n. 肚子；胃
 - stomach, kyte

Word: trotskyist

Word: umbrage
Front: umbrage
[ˈʌmbrɪdʒ] (宝 26938/35478)
Vocabulary: umbrage
(once / 4715 pages)
n
When someone takes umbrage at something, they find it offensive, and it probably makes them angry.
Umbrage comes from the same source as umbrella, the Latin umbra, "shade, shadow." The umbrella was invented to keep you in shade, and when you take umbrage at something, you're casting a shadow over the person or thing responsible for the offense. I take umbrage at the suggestion that I'm not a nice person: it's offensive and infuriating. After having devoted my life to helping animals, I might take umbrage at the notion that I've been doing it for publicity purposes: I resent the idea that it was for any other reason than my love of animals.
WORD FAMILY
umbrage: umbrageous, umbrages+/umbrageous: umbrageously
USAGE EXAMPLES
With high umbrage, he recalled, in a long parade of tweets, Clinton’s lecture during a presidential debate on the importance of accepting the election returns.
Time(Nov 29, 2016)
This was similar to the message of Mr. Trump’s own victory speech, but the president-elect took umbrage.
Washington Post(Nov 21, 2016)
Made today, such remarks would easily ignite demands for apologies from groups feeling insulted — or, in many cases, feigning umbrage for political effect.
Seattle Times(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 生气; （常指无故）不快; 树荫; 愤怒
分布：不快(60%)，怀疑(22%)，阴影(9%)，怨恨(9%)
→来自拉丁语umbra,阴影，影子，词源同adumbrate, umbrella.引申词义愤怒，不快。
树阴;不愉快(umbr+age状态→影子状态→树阴,不快[心中有影子])[umbr=shadow表示"影子"]
【记】umbr影子，age－心里的影子－不快；阴影
【参】adumbrate（v 预示）；umbrose（adj 成荫的）
slightly formal
noun uncountable
take umbrage
■to feel upset or annoyed, usually because you feel that someone has been rude or shown no respect to you （通常因觉得受到无礼对待或未被尊重而）生气，恼怒
• You don't think she'll take umbrage if she isn't invited to the wedding, do you? 如果不请她出席婚礼，你认为她不会见怪，是吗？
n. 不快，生气；树荫；怀疑
 - vitality, doubt, animation, challenge, pet

Word: unintelligible
Front: unintelligible
[ˌʌnɪnˈtelɪdʒəbl] (-/18483 -1)
Vocabulary: unintelligible
(once / 1310 pages)
adj
Something unintelligible is difficult to understand, either because the room is too noisy or because the unintelligible thing is too quiet or confusing.
We use our intelligence to understand things, and something intelligible is easy to understand. Therefore, unintelligible things are hard to understand. A coded message is unintelligible if you don't know the code. A whisper in a loud room is unintelligible. A weird sentence like "The waffles ran away from the Easter basket" is unintelligible because it doesn't make any sense. If you can't hear or understand something, it's unintelligible (and probably frustrating too).
WORD FAMILY
unintelligible: unintelligibility, unintelligibly+/ intelligible: intelligibility, intelligibly, unintelligible /unintelligibility: unintelligibilities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Google generally subscribes to a less-is-more philosophy, deploying a piecemeal approach that uses unintelligible units of sound to build words and phrases.
Seattle Times(Dec 17, 2016)
He said other things but they were unintelligible.
Slate(Dec 06, 2016)
Gula mumbled something unintelligible and kept staring at the floor.
Washington Post(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 不能理解的，莫名其妙的; 模模糊糊; 费解
分布：难以理解的(100%)
【记】un不，intelligible（adj 可理解的）：难以理解的
adjective
■not able to be understood 莫名其妙的；无法理解的
• He muttered something unintelligible. 他嘴里不知咕哝些甚么。
adj. 莫明其妙的；无法了解的
 - plumbless

Word: uneventful
Front: uneventful
[ˌʌnɪˈventfl] (19541/19117)
Back: adj. 无特别事件的; 无惊人事件的; 平静的; 平凡的
分布：平静无事的(62%)，太平无事的(38%)
adjective
■describes a time or situation in which nothing interesting or surprising happens 平淡无奇的；平静的
• It was an uneventful journey. 这是一次平淡无奇的旅程。
adj. 平凡的；平静无事的
 - ordinary, stock

Word: uno
Front: uno
[ˌju: en 'əʊ] (-/26672)
Back: abbr. United Nations Organization 联合国组织

Word: uncharitable
Front: uncharitable
[ʌnˈtʃærɪtəbl] (32805/34735)
Back: adj. 不宽厚的; 严厉的; 无情的; 不公平的
adv. 严厉地
n. 严厉，不宽厚
分布：严厉的(60%)，无慈悲心的(40%)
【记】un不，charitable（adj 仁慈的；宽恕的）：无情的
US [-'tʃer.ə.tˌə-] adjective
■unkind and unfair 刻薄的；不宽厚的；不公平的
• The uncharitable explanation is that she's too afraid to ask. 说她太害怕了而不敢问，这个解释未免有失公允了。
adj. 严厉的；无情的；不宽恕的；无慈悲心的
 - severe, tight, hard, harsh, rigorous

Word: unshakable
Front: unshakable
[ʌnˈʃeɪkəbl] (23177/40356)
Back: adj. 不可动摇的，坚定不移的; 雷打不动; 铁
分布：不可动摇的(78%)，坚定不移的(22%)
adj. 不可动摇的；坚定不移的
 - unalterable, unpersuadable

Word: unquantifiable
Front: unquantifiable
[ʌnkwɒntɪ'faɪəbl] (36798/33000)
Back: adj. 不可测量的; 难以计算的; 难以估量的; 无法量化的
分布：无法量化的(58%)，难以计算的(19%)，难以估量的(14%)，不可测量的(9%)

Word: unsullied
Front: unsullied
[ʌnˈsʌlid] (30943/34972)
Vocabulary: unsullied
(once / 5465 pages)
adj
Your reputation is unsullied, or unsoiled, because you study hard, you don’t skip school, and you are generally kind to everyone. Your friend’s reputation hasn’t stayed unsullied since he got caught selling answers to tests.
To understand the adjective unsullied, you must understand its root, sully, "to soil or tarnish." Something unsullied is spotless: you usually refer to things in the abstract in this way––your military record may be unsullied by disciplinary actions, your report card may be unsullied by grades lower than A.
WORD FAMILY
sullied: unsullied +/ sully: sullied, sullies, sullying
USAGE EXAMPLES
To ensure those samples were unsullied, they had asked volunteers to avoid bathing, shampooing or using any personal-care products for three days.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 14, 2016)
Are you so very unsullied/pure in word and deed?
New York Times(Nov 08, 2016)
When I was a little sister, girls who were readers had, as a rule, two choices: stories about boys or stories about unsullied girls.
The New Yorker(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 无污点的，清白的
分布：清白的(73%)，纯洁的(16%)，没弄脏的(11%)
[ʌn'sʌl.id] formal
adjective
■not damaged or made dirty by anything 纯洁的，未被玷污的
• his unsullied reputation 他清白的名声
adj. 清白的；无污点的
 - pure, clean

Word: unquenchable
Front: unquenchable
[ʌnˈkwentʃəbl] (29351/34922)
Back: adj. 难抑制的，不能消灭的
分布：不能遏制的(60%)，无法消除的(20%)，不可战胜的(20%)

Word: unpretentious
Front: unpretentious
[ˌʌnprɪˈtenʃəs] (宝 18354/20160 -1)
Vocabulary: unpretentious
(once / 5432 pages)
adj
The adjective unpretentious is perfect for describing someone you know who's modest and natural and never tries to impress other people.
Pretentious comes from the Latin word meaning "pretend," prætensus, so when you're unpretentious, you see no reason to pretend. Some of your favorite people are probably unpretentious, tending to be honest and genuine. When extremely talented or well-known people are unpretentious, they feel no need to show off or remind you of their accomplishments. A place can also be described as unpretentious, if it's simple and comfortable, like the cozy, unpretentious cafe where you like to hang out.
WORD FAMILY
unpretentious: unpretentiously, unpretentiousness+/ pretense: pretenses, pretension, pretentious / pretension: pretensions/ pretentious: pretentiously, pretentiousness, unpretentious
USAGE EXAMPLES
To say that the founders were unpretentious understates the matter.
The New Yorker(Dec 04, 2016)
Terrifically unpretentious, it leaves visitors with big questions about everything.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 02, 2016)
There is a restaurant at Seaforth, where you can grab an unpretentious plate of fish or seafood, as well as use the ablution facilities.
The Guardian(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 不炫耀的; 不矫饰的; 谦逊的; 朴实无华的，不铺张的
分布：不炫耀的(63%)，含蓄的(25%)，谦虚的(12%)
【记】un不，pretentious（adj 自命不凡的）：不炫耀的
【反】bombastic（adj 夸大的）
[ˌʌn.prɪ'ten.ʃəs] approving
adjective
■simple and/or sincere; not pretentious 不矫饰的；低调的，不张扬的
• The food is delicious and unpretentious. 这种食物样子普通，但味道可口。
adj. 谦逊的；含蓄的；不炫耀的；不铺张的
 - modest, implicit

Word: untraceable
Front: untraceable
['ʌn'treɪsəbl] (31021/40129)
Back: adj. 难以捉摸的，难以寻找的
分布：难以描绘的)(50%)，难追踪的(难以发现的(50%)
adj. 难以描绘的；难以捉摸的；难以发现的
 - elusory, indiscoverable

Word: unwed
Front: unwed
[ʌn'wed] (17435/42942)
Back: adj. 没有结婚的，未婚的
分布：未婚的(100%)
adj. 未婚的；没有结婚的
 - maiden, unmarried

Word: urn
Front: urn
[ɜ:n] (13205/14659 -1)
Vocabulary: urn
(once / 1733 pages)
n
An urn is a large, hollow vase that's usually made of metal or clay. Some urns are used for making coffee or tea, others are made to put someone’s ashes in. Go figure.
Urn is probably from the Latin word urna for "a jar or vessel," but some say it’s from another Latin word urere which means, "to burn.” While some urns are used for making hot drinks, the most common use of an urn is holding the ashes of a dead person. Most urns are decorated. “Ode to a Grecian Urn” by the Romantic poet John Keats (1820), is a poem about the figures on a classical Greek urn.
WORD FAMILY
urn: urns
USAGE EXAMPLES
Barron says that inside the boxes was an urn holding his father’s ashes, family photographs dating back generations and antique Asian teapots and vases.
Washington Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Before he died, he buried the cremated ashes of her twin sister, who died at birth, in an urn inside the submerged vessel.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 07, 2016)
She was among thousands of Cubans watching as the urn with Mr Castro's ashes was driven past the historic Moncada barracks in Santiago.
BBC(Dec 03, 2016)
Back: n. 大茶壶; 瓮，缸; 坟墓; 骨灰瓮
分布：瓮(55%)，骨灰盒(26%)，罐(19%)
→来自拉丁语urna, 瓮，罐，尤指骨灰瓮，来自urere,燃烧，来自eus, 燃烧，词源同ember,combust,urticaria.
US [ɝ:n] noun countable
■a container, especially a large round one on a stem, which is used for decorative purposes in a garden, or one which has a lid and is used for holding a dead person's ashes (= the powder that is left after a dead body has been burned) 瓮；骨灰瓮
■a large cylindrical metal container with a lid which is used for holding a large amount of drink such as tea or coffee and keeping it hot （可以保温的）茶水桶，咖啡桶
• a tea urn 茶水桶
n. 瓮；缸；茶水壶；坟墓；骨灰瓮
 - tomb, grave

Word: uterus
Front: uterus
[ˈju:tərəs] (12381/16940 -1)
Back: n. <解>子宫
分布：子宫(100%)
→来自拉丁语uterus,子宫，腹部，词源同ventriloquy.
US [-tˌɚ-] (plural uteri or uteruses) specialized
noun countable
■a womb 子宫
n. [解剖] 子宫
 - matrix, metra

Word: vestigial
Front: vestigial
[veˈstɪdʒiəl] (宝 25202/33201)
Vocabulary: vestigial
(once / 32118 pages)
adj
Vestigial describes an organ or body part that continues to exist without retaining its original function, such as our appendix.
The adjective vestigial derives from the Latin word vestigium, meaning "footprint, trace." It's most often used in biology to describe something that either didn't finish developing or has become, through evolution, pretty much useless. An ostrich's wings are vestigial because it's unable to fly — or do much of anything — with them. A penguin's wings, on the other hand, are not vestigial because it has found another use for them — to help it swim.
WORD FAMILY
vestigial: vestigially
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the institution has long been seen by most as a vestigial remnant of a bygone era.
The Guardian(Nov 09, 2016)
The tradition of voting on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November is a vestigial structure of a by-gone age.
Washington Post(Oct 25, 2016)
Even before newspaper editorials shrunk into vestigial artifacts of a bygone era, their impact was self-limiting.
The Guardian(Sep 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 残留的，残余的，退化的
分布：退化的(65%)，痕迹的(25%)，遗迹的(10%)
器官退化的(vestige退化器官+ial)[-ial表形容词"有…的"]
【记】源于：vestige（n 遗迹；退化的器官）
【反】fully developed（发育完全的）
adjective
[before noun]
■being a small remaining part or amount 残留的，残余的
■specialized
■describes something, especially a part of the body, that has not developed completely, or has stopped being used and has almost disappeared （尤指身体部位）发育不全的，退化的
• a vestigial organ/limb/tail 退化的器官／上肢／尾巴
adj. [生物] 退化的；残余的；发育不全的
 - degenerative, degraded

Word: walloon

Word: wastage
Front: wastage
[ˈweɪstɪdʒ] (34104/14096)
Back: n. 消耗; 废物; 浪费（量）; （冰、雪的）消融
分布：损耗(80%)，损耗量(20%)
noun uncountable
■the amount that is wasted 浪费量；耗费量
• Water companies have got to cut down on wastage. 自来水公司需要减少浪费。
UK for * natural wastage
■UK (US attrition)
■the people who leave an educational or training course before it has finished 中途辍学者
• The wastage rates on the degree courses are a cause for concern. 学位课程的辍学率是个令人担忧的问题。
n. 损耗；消瘦；衰老
 - wear, dissipation

Word: wadi
Front: wadi
[ˈwɒdi] (30265/42679)
Back: n. 干涸河道; 旱谷; 溪流; 多岩石的干涸河床
分布：河道(42%)，溪流(33%)，谷(25%)
→来自阿拉伯语，季节性河流。
US ['wɑ:.di] specialized
noun countable
■a valley which has a river that is usually dry except when it has rained, common in desert areas of North Africa and Southwest Asia （常见于北非和西南亚沙漠地区、只在雨季有水的）干谷，干河床
n. 干河床；溪流； [地理] 干谷
 - stream, uadi

Word: yammer
Front: yammer
['jæmə] (32777/-)
Vocabulary: yammer
(once / 40202 pages)
v
To yammer is to make a loud, howling sound, or to talk on and on about nothing much at all. When cats yammer outside your window all night long, it's hard to fall asleep.
You might complain about the way your neighbors yammer loudly in their yard early in the morning, or about the fact that your brothers yammer and fight all through dinner. Whether a person, an animal, or an inanimate object like a motorcycle yammers, it makes a pretty annoying sound. In the fifteenth century, yammer meant "to lament," from the Old English root geomor, "sorrowful."
WORD FAMILY
yammer: yammered, yammering, yammers
USAGE EXAMPLES
We might be yammering about them nonstop this week but for one bygone Saturday that still screams.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
There’s the menu, the timing, the seating arrangement around your loud relative who won’t stop yammering even as he’s stuffing his face with your food.
Washington Post(Nov 11, 2016)
Somehow these evenings all run together, a blur of zooming graphics and flickering maps and yammering anchors, both interminable and fleeting.
Washington Post(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: v. 叹息，哭泣，抱怨
n. 哭诉，无聊话，气愤的抱怨
时态：yammered, yammering, yammers
分布：抱怨(37%)，叹息(21%)，哭诉(21%)，哭泣(21%)
US [-ɚ] mainly US informal
verb intransitive
■to talk continuously for a long time in a way that is annoying to other people 喋喋不休地说，唠叨
• She was yammering on/away about nothing, as usual. 她像往常一样喋喋不休地讲了一大堆废话。
vi. 哭泣；叹息；抱怨
 - weep, sigh
n. 哭诉；废话；抱怨
 - complaint, bushwa
vt. 抱怨；大声抱怨说
 - beef about, rail against

Word: vintner
Front: vintner
[ˈvɪntnə(r)] (宝 25242/36450)
Vocabulary: vintner
(once / 9696 pages)
n
A vintner is a wine merchant — the very person you'd visit if you wanted to buy a nice Merlot or Cabernet Sauvignon.
Anyone who hails from France will immediately recognize the vin in vintner as the word "wine." Both vin and vintner descend from the Latin words vinum for wine, and vinetum, which means "vineyard." A vintner can be someone who simply sells wine, or who grows the grapes and produces the wine.
WORD FAMILY
vintner: vintners
USAGE EXAMPLES
The same is true of the best grapes, and many vintners seem to be hedging their bets by producing all sorts of wines.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
Although British vintners managed to add bubbles to wine as early as the 1700s, the modern era of English sparkling wine dates to the mid-1960s.
Washington Post(Dec 09, 2016)
As vintner Brooks Firestone said in a 1983 interview, “It’s hard to describe our new region because different wineries are going in their own directions.”
Washington Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 酒商，酿酒人
分布：酒商(88%)，酿酒者(12%)
→词源同wine,葡萄酒。即葡萄酒制造商。
US [-nɚ] noun countable
■a person whose job it is to buy and sell wine 葡萄酒商

Word: abaya
Front: abaya
[əˈbeɪjə] (37347/-)
Back: n. 毛织物，（阿拉伯式）长袍
分布：毛织物(100%)
n. 毛织物；（阿拉伯式）长袍
 - cope, wool fabric

Word: yoghurt
Front: yoghurt
['jəʊgɜ:t] (高 43601/12195)
Back: n. 酸乳酪，酸奶; 酸牛奶
分布：酸奶(84%)，酸乳(16%)
n. 酸奶（等于yoghourt）；酸乳酪
 - acidophilus milk, acidophilous milk

Word: abattoir
Front: abattoir
[ˈæbətwɑ:(r)] (34021/21485)
Vocabulary: abattoir
(once / 42824 pages)
n
An abattoir is a slaughterhouse, or a place where animals are killed. It's not a word you're likely to hear or use unless you're involved in these activities.
However, break abattoir into its component parts, abate + -ory, and things get a lot more interesting. -Ory is simple: it means "a place for," as in factory, laboratory, and even auditorium. Abate is more complex. Today it means "to lessen," but back when it came to English via the Old French abattre, it meant "to beat down," a meaning Old French had inherited from the Latin ad ("to") + battere ("beat"). So when you think of abattoir, you can think of the idea of "a beating," or an animal's life "abating" until it is gone.
TASTY MORSELS
Vocabulary Shout-Out: Henry Alford for "Abattoir"
In "How I Became a Hipster," a New York Times account of a long weekend embedded "among the rooftop gardeners and the sustainability consultants and the chickeneers" of Brooklyn, humorist Henry Alford slips abattoir into conversation in an effort to pass as a local.
I signed up for a three-hour, $69 class called Knife Skills, taught at 3rd Ward, a continuing-education center in Bushwick that is heavy on classes like chicken raising and rooftop gardening and cardboard furniture-making. . . . After class, another 3rd Ward student asked me how the class went, so I told her “Well” and then added, “I’m thinking about turning my spare guest room into an abattoir.” She looked impressed.
Learn more about abattoir by checking out its definition page in the Vocabulary.com Dictionary, where you can learn how abattoir's history links it to abate, laboratory, auditorium, and even shambles, which used to be commonly understood to mean the same thing.
WORD FAMILY
abattoir: abattoirs
USAGE EXAMPLES
The result is as funny as a Muppet abattoir — or as sad.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
She escapes the operating theatre and makes it to what can only be described as an abattoir for hosts.
The Guardian(Oct 10, 2016)
Video surveillance in abattoirs is among measures proposed by a French parliamentary inquiry into slaughterhouse conditions.
BBC(Sep 20, 2016)
Back: n. 屠场; （拳击、摔跤、斗牛等的）角斗场
分布：屠宰场(83%)，角斗场(17%)
→词源同abate,指更严重的打压，喻指屠宰。
US [-twɑ:r] mainly UK (mainly US slaughterhouse)
noun countable
■a place where animals are killed for their meat （牲畜）屠宰场
n. [畜牧] 屠宰场；角斗场
 - slaughterhouse

Word: agora
Front: agora
[ˈægɒrə] (34249/48144)
Back: n. 集会，市场
分布：市场(53%)，集会(47%)
→前缀a- 同ad-,去，往。词根gor-, 集合,见aggregate.
n. 市场；集会
 - assembly, exchanges, gathering, meet, plaza

Word: yorktown

Word: aimless
Front: aimless
[ˈeɪmləs] (20951/20735 -1)
Vocabulary: aimless
(once / 1440 pages)
adj
If you're aimless, you don't have a destination or a goal in mind. Aimless wandering through a forest might take you in circles, or worse yet, get you lost.
The adjective aimless is good for describing things that have no particular purpose or plan. You might prefer traveling with a map or GPS, while your best friend likes to drive in an aimless way, turning down dirt roads or exiting the highway impulsively. When you call a person aimless, you probably mean that he doesn't appear to have any ambition: "My brother's an aimless drifter." Aimless comes from aim, "purpose" or "target."
WORD FAMILY
aimless: aimlessly, aimlessness+/ aim: aimed, aiming, aimless, aims
USAGE EXAMPLES
What they settled for, by and large, was an aggressive brand of aimless braggadocio.
Washington Post(Dec 28, 2016)
“Uninspired,” with its aimless angst, is a bit “Girls,” a bit “Seinfeld,” a mix that’s fairly common in the web series world.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
She’s simply lost, aimless and a little bit bored, in the way that young adults often can be.
Salon(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 无目的的; 无目标的; 漫无目标
分布：无目的的(66%)，没有目标的(34%)
['eɪm.ləs] mainly disapproving
adjective
■without any clear intentions, purpose or direction 无目的的，无目标的，无方向的
• She said that her life seemed aimless after her children left home. 她说孩子离开家后，她的生活好像没有了目标。
adj. 没有目标的；无目的的
 - meaningless, directionless

Word: arboreal
Front: arboreal
[ɑ:ˈbɔ:riəl] (托宝 29842/40147)
Vocabulary: arboreal
(once / 17511 pages)
adj
If it has to do with trees, you can call it arboreal. Monkeys that live in trees are arboreal. The rings of a tree are an indication of arboreal age.
The word arboreal comes from the Latin arboreus, which means "pertaining to trees." It's a word that refers not just to animals that live in trees, but also to anything that resembles the branching form of a tree — like a chandelier or a family geology drawn out. It even can be used to describe, as its Latin root suggests, something pertaining to trees. A Christmas tree shop is an arboreal wonderland. There are trees everywhere!
VOCABULARY SHOUT-OUT
Lorrie Moore's "Bark" is "Arboreal"...and Fun!
Reviewing Lorrie Moore's new story collection Bark for the New York Times' Sunday Book Review, journalist and novelist David Gates trots out the delightfully specific arboreal when he writes:
Let’s start with that title [Bark]. The three epigraphs (from the poets Louise Glück, Caroline Squire and Amy Gerstler) point toward both the canine and arboreal senses of the word — a monitory utterance, a protective shell — and those senses keep bobbing up from story to story.
Arboreal means "pertaining to trees." If you happen to remember that the April holiday Arbor Day is tree-related, this won't take you by surprise. You might also intuit from Gates's reference to "both the canine and arboreal senses of the word [bark]," that since canine means "pertaining to dogs," arboreal's definition will involve "pertaining to" as well.
But let's say you're not a fan of Arbor Day, a student of Latin, or even a person graced with an understanding of the word canine....No problem. Gates has conscientiously supplied further clues in his sentence which will make everything clear. Sort of.
It's always tricky when a word's context clues are as opaque to a reader as the word itself, and this is likely to be the case for many readers here. When Gates clarifies "canine and arboreal senses of" bark as "a monitory utterance, a protective shell," a reader might be more, rather than less, confused. Monitory, which means "serving to warn," as a dog's bark might do, is rarer than arboreal and makes canine look like the lexico-equivalent of house and car.
And yet, once you've got those three words under your belt, you're suddenly able to understand the richness of Gates's wit. To indulge in an exclamation point, which Gates calls "that cheap and skinny punctuational powerhouse" when crediting Moore as its "great deployer": Fun!
WORD FAMILY
arboreal: arboreally, nonarboreal+/ arbor: arborary, arboreal, arboreous, arborical, arborist, arborous, arbors/arborist: arborists
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the most important thing about this epiphany was not the arboreal splendor itself, but the Lord’s appointment on earth: The Christmas Tree Whisperer.
Salon(Dec 18, 2016)
“If she evolved from a more arboreal ancestor she may just not have had the time yet to evolve a shorter upper limb,” he said.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
That contribution inspires and informs Arboreal, a beautiful, insightful anthology edited by nature writer Adrian Cooper.
Nature(Oct 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 树木的，生活于树上的
分布：树木的(85%)，像树的(15%)
US [ɑ:r'bɔ:r.i-] specialized
adjective
■of or living in trees 树木的；生活在树上的，树栖的
• arboreal animals 树栖动物
• Many people believe that humans evolved from arboreal ancestors. 很多人认为人类的远祖是树栖动物。

Word: amateurism
Front: amateurism
['æmətʃərɪzəm] (33913/35796)
Back: n. 业余性，非职业的作为
分布：业余性(40%)，非职业的作为(32%)，业余活动(28%)

Word: amoeba
Front: amoeba
[ə'mi:bə] (26479/34150)
Vocabulary: amoeba
(once / 17255 pages)
n
An amoeba is a tiny, single-celled organism. You need a powerful microscope to see an amoeba.
An amoeba is distinguished by the fact that it has only one cell, and that the shape of its body is vague and irregular. An amoeba stretches and changes shape as it moves, and reproduces by splitting itself in two. The amoeba was discovered in 1757 and named almost 100 years later, from the Greek root amoibe, or "change."
WORD FAMILY
amoeba: amoebae, amoeban, amoebas, amoebic
USAGE EXAMPLES
The women have remained steadfast, much like Amoeba Music, the record store in Hollywood that has refused to be turned into a relic.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 16, 2016)
A large blob of gelatin tied up in cheesecloth was Thelma, a high-strung amoeba who cheated at checkers and responded to the command “Heel!”
New York Times(Oct 28, 2016)
He mentioned vinyl records, which prompted advice that he check out the famed Amoeba Music.
New York Times(Oct 24, 2016)
Back: n. 阿米巴，变形虫
adj. 变形虫的
分布：变形虫(69%)，阿米巴(31%)
→前缀a- 同ad-。-moe, 同词根mut, 变化，见mutable, 改变的。
(plural amoebae or amoebas) (ALSO mainly US ameba (plural amebae or amebas)) [ə'mi:.bə]
noun countable
■a very small simple organism consisting of only one cell 变形虫，阿米巴原虫
n. 阿米巴； [无脊椎] 变形虫（单细胞生物）
 - ameba

Word: an
Front: an
[ən] (-/30)
Back: art. 一（在元音字母前代替不定代词a）; 一任一某一; 一个
分布：冠词(99%)，名词(1%)
→词源同one, inch, unit.
determiner
 ESSENTIAL
■used instead of 'a' when the following word begins with a vowel sound （用于以母音开头的词前，代替 a）
• an easy question 一个容易的问题
• an interesting story 一个有趣的故事
• an orange 一个橘子
• an honour 一份荣誉
[weak form ən] [strong form æn] determiner
  Common Learner Errors  an or and? Warning: Choose the right word! These two words look similar, but they are spelled differently and have completely different meanings.

Word: arequipa

Word: annexe
Front: annexe
[ˈæneks] (-/16162)
Back: n. 附加物，附属建筑
分布：附属建筑(54%)，附加物(35%)，别馆(11%)
UK (ALSO US annex) ['æn.ɪks] noun countable
■an extra building added to a larger building 附属建筑，附加建筑
• Delicate and valuable books are kept in an air-conditioned annexe to the main library. 贵重易损的图书存放在主图书馆的配楼里，那里装有空调设备。
n. 附属建筑；附加物
 - appendix, affixture

Word: arsonist
Front: arsonist
[ˈɑ:sənɪst] (24242/26727)
Back: n. 纵火犯
分布：纵火犯(100%)
纵火犯(arson纵火)[-ist表名词"表示信仰,专家或从事某活动的人"以-ist结尾的单词,不少同时可作形容词用]

Word: artistry
Front: artistry
[ˈɑ:tɪstri] (宝 13683/19637)
Vocabulary: artistry
(once / 7680 pages)
n
Artistry is a particular skill or a flair for something, especially an artistic pursuit. You might love watching ice skating competitions for the sheer artistry of the figure skaters.
You can take piano lessons for years and learn how to play many pieces but still not quite achieve the artistry of a truly gifted pianist. It takes practice to gain artistry, but it also takes a kind of creative spark. The word artistry first appeared in the 1830s from artist, modeled after words such as chemistry, from chemist. The root is the Latin word ars, or "art."
WORD FAMILY
artistry: artistries+/ art: artist, artless, arts, arty/ artist: artistic, artistry, artists/ artistic: artistically, inartistic, unartistic/ artless: artlessly, artlessness/artlessness: artlessnesses/arty: artier, artiest, artily/inartistic: inartistically/unartistic: unartistically
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr. Michael’s artistry ensured he would never be received only as camp.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
These two artists were close friends for about 50 years, but were as different as their artistry: Mr. Kalinsky is low-key and soft-spoken.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Tupac’s appeal lies in his lyrics, his artistry, his passion and the activism that spilled over from his real life into his music.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 艺术之性质; 技艺
分布：艺术性(85%)，艺术才能(15%)
艺术技巧(artist+ry表名词)[art=skill,joint,trick,表示"技巧,关节,诡计"]
艺术性(artist艺术家)[-ry表名词,通常放在一个完整的单词后面1.表示"状态,性质"2.表示"行业,学科"3.表示集合名词4.表示"场地"]
【记】art艺术家，is try正在努力－提高艺术修养。
US ['ɑ:r.tˌɪ-] noun uncountable
■great skill in creating or performing something, such as in writing, music, sport, etc. 艺术才能；艺术技巧；艺术性
• You have to admire the artistry of her novels. 你不能不为她小说的艺术性所叹服。
n. 艺术性；工艺；艺术技巧；艺术效果；艺术工作
 - technology, workmanship

Word: astrophysical
Front: astrophysical
[ˌæstrəʊ'fɪzɪkl] (21854/-)
Back: adj. 天体物理学的
分布：天体物理学的(100%)

Word: bewail
Front: bewail
[bɪˈweɪl] (35791/35879)
Vocabulary: bewail
(once / 2143 pages)
v
The verb bewail means to lament or express great sorrow. When your big brother or sister starts kindergarten, you may bewail the fact that they can't play with you all day anymore but you'll be excited when you get to go to school also!
The verb bewail is from the Old Norse word væla, meaning to lament. The prefix be- is added when you want to make something stronger or more intense. So bewail means to greatly lament and when compared to bemoan, a word with similar meaning, bewailing would be louder and more intense. You can bewail the death of a friend, but if you bewail a minor irritation like a broken nail, people will accuse you of being overly dramatic.
WORD FAMILY
bewail: bewailed, bewailing, bewailling, bewails
USAGE EXAMPLES
Beforehand Mourinho once more bewailed how unlucky his side have been in recent outings.
The Guardian(Nov 27, 2016)
Not a day passes that the Canadian media don't analyse, bewail and condemn.
BBC(Nov 04, 2016)
There would come a day, in fact, years later, when Laila would no longer bewail his loss.
Khaled Hosseini, A Thousand Splendid Suns(2007)
Back: vt. 因（某事物）而悲愁，悲哀
时态：bewailed, bewailing, bewails
分布：悲叹(47%)，痛哭(30%)，哀悼(23%)
→前缀be-, 强调。wail, 哭叫。
【记】be状态，ail小病－得病了－痛哭
【参】wail（n 悲叹，哀号；vt 悲痛）
[bɪ'weɪl] literary
verb transitive
■to express great sadness or disappointment about something 为…而悲伤；哀叹
• He bewailed his misfortune and the loss of his most treasured possessions. 他为自己遭受的不幸和失去大部分珍贵的财产而悲伤不已。
v. 悲悼；痛哭；哀叹
 - cry one's eyes out

Word: ballerina
Front: ballerina
[ˌbæləˈri:nə] (宝 15542/21336 -1)
Vocabulary: ballerina
(once / 7265 pages)
n
A girl or woman who dances professionally with a ballet is a ballerina. The lead dancer in "The Nutcracker" is a ballerina.
It's more common to call a female dancer a "ballet dancer" than a ballerina these days. Historically, the term ballerina was saved for the very best female solo dancers in a ballet company, similar to the word diva in opera. In French, you call a female dancer a danseuse, and while the word ballerina means "dancing girl" in Italian, it's more accepted to use the word danzatrice in Italy.
WORD FAMILY
ballerina: ballerinas
USAGE EXAMPLES
I’ve heard old dancers say that a ballerina should leave “essences” of herself in the air as she moves on; these women certainly did.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
One ad featured a smiling young woman with the headline: “A ballerina yesterday. An engineer today.”
Wall Street Journal(Dec 28, 2016)
Bening walks this delicate line with the skill of a beatnik ballerina.
Time(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: n. （意大利语）芭蕾舞女演员（尤指演主角的）
分布：芭蕾舞女演员(100%)
noun countable
■a female ballet dancer 芭蕾舞女演员，芭蕾舞伶

Word: behavior
Front: behavior
[bɪ'heɪvjə] (研四六托雅 658/28403)
Vocabulary: behavior
(once / 387 pages)
n
Behavior refers to how you conduct yourself. Generally, it’s wise to engage in good behavior, even if you're really bored.
The noun behavior is a spin-off of the verb behave. Get rid of the be in behave and you're left with have, which makes sense: you could say that to behave is to "have" or "own" yourself — to control yourself. There's also a broader definition of behavior, which is basically anything any living thing does in any situation. Brushing your teeth? Behavior. Scratching your nose? Behavior. Eating a large antelope because you are a lion and you're hungry? Also behavior.
WORD FAMILY
behavior: behaviorism, behaviors+/ behave: behaved, behaves, behaving, behavior, misbehave /behaviorism: behaviorisms, behaviorist, behavioristic/behaviorist: behaviorists/ misbehave: misbehaved, misbehaves, misbehaving, misbehavior/misbehavior: misbehaviors
USAGE EXAMPLES
He ordered more bugs and privately groused that Nixon’s behavior amounted to “treason.”
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Sunwing’s gate agents found the pilot’s behavior to be unusual and alerted the co-pilot.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
He cited drug dealing and other “disturbing behavior” in or near playgrounds.
The Guardian(Jan 02, 2017)
Back: n. 行为; 态度; （机器等的）运转状态; （事物的）反应
分布：行为(91%)，举止(6%)，态度(2%)，习性(1%)
举止行为(behave的名词)[hav=possess表示"拥有"]
n.(behaviour)行为,举止;(机器等)运转情况"My behavior is on behalf of half zebras," the algebra teacher said."我的行为代表了一半斑马的利益,"代数老师说.
conduct, behavior, manner
这组词都有“行为，举止”的意思，其区别是：
conduct: 较正式用词，泛指某人的行动。侧重根据社会道德标准和责任感。
behavior: 普通用词，侧重指某人在特定场合对他人或在他人面前的行为、举止。
manner: 主要用来指人的习惯行为。
n. 行为，举止；态度；反应
 - dealing, going, reaction, response, bearing

Word: beautify
Front: beautify
[ˈbju:tɪfaɪ] (24256/34272)
Back: vt. 美化，装饰
vi. 变美
时态：beautified, beautifying, beautifies
分布：美化(96%)，变美(3%)，修饰(1%)
US [-tˌɪ-] mainly humorous
verb transitive
■to improve the appearance of someone or something 给…做美容；美化；修饰，装饰
• [R] I'm just going to beautify myself - it should only take a few hours. 我正要去做美容护理——大约只花上几小时。
vi. 美化
 - gussy up

Word: backwoods
Front: backwoods
[ˈbækwʊdz] None
Back: n. （尤指北美的）远离城镇的森林地带; 落后的边远地区
分布：边远地区(34%)，边远地区的(25%)，未开垦地(25%)，蛮荒的(16%)
n. 未开垦地；边远地区；偏僻的森林地区
 - wasteland, jumping-off
adj. 蛮荒的，粗野的；边远地区的
 - robust, gross, rough, country, bush

Word: blear
Front: blear
[blɪə] None
Back: v. 模糊
时态：bleared, blearing, blear
分布：模糊的(50%)，使 ... 模糊不清(25%)，湿的(25%)
adj. 朦胧的；模糊的
 - fuzzy, dark, vague, hazy

Word: breather
Front: breather
[ˈbri:ðə(r)] (19178/18959)
Back: n. 短暂的休息时间
分布：通气阀(51%)，呼吸者(33%)，短暂休息(16%)
US [-ðɚ] informal
noun countable
■a short rest 歇息一会儿；短暂的休息
• He'd been working hard and felt he needed (to have/take)a breather. 他一直工作得很辛苦，觉得该歇一会儿了。

Word: brutalist

Word: burgle
Front: burgle
[ˈbɜ:gl] (38599/15869)
Vocabulary: burgle
(once / 815 pages)
v
When you burgle, you steal something from inside a house or a building. A computer thief might burgle several laptops after sneaking into a school at night.
It's common to use to verb burgle in Britain, while in the United States people are more likely to say burglarize. Both words basically means "to steal from inside a building." If you burgle and are caught, the crime you'll be charged with is called "burglary." Burgle has been in use since the 1860's, when it was a jokey, colloquial word based on burglar, with its Latin root of burgare, "to break open."
WORD FAMILY
burgle: burglar, burglary, burgled, burgles, burgling+/ burglar: burglars/burglarious: burglariously/burglarise: burglarised, burglarising/ burglarize: burglarized, burglarizes, burglarizing/ burglary: burglaries, burglarious, burglarise, burglarize
USAGE EXAMPLES
An Anaheim station was burgled earlier this week.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
He and a few other guys had burgled some jewelry, a VCR and cassettes, a camera, 15 bottles of whiskey and $20 in pennies.
Washington Times(Nov 19, 2016)
"Do not burgle Piquant - it's not worth it," said Holloway, the fund's Chief Investment Officer.
Reuters(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 破门盗窃
时态：burgled, burgling, burgles
分布：入室偷窃(100%)
US ['bɝ:-/ (US usually burglarize)
verb transitive
 ADVANCED
■to illegally enter a building and steal things 入室盗窃；闯空门
• When they got back from their holiday they found that their home had been burgled. 他们渡假回来时发现家中被盗了。
vt. 偷窃，破门盗窃
 - steal, scrump
vi. 偷窃，破门盗窃
 - boost, pick pocket

Word: burning
Front: burning
[ˈbɜ:nɪŋ] (托 4041/4690 -2)
Back: adj. 燃烧的; 发热的; 急切的; （欲望等）炽烈的
v. 燃烧(burn的现在分词); 使用某物为燃料
分布：燃烧(70%)，燃烧的(27%)，热烈的(2%)，紧急的(1%)
US ['bɝ:-] adjective
FIRE 火
 ADVANCED
■on fire 燃烧的
• A man staggered from the burning car. 一个男子跌跌撞撞地从燃烧着的车里逃出来。
UK ['bɜ:.nɪŋ] US ['bɝ:-] adjective
HOT 热
■very hot 感到很热
• burning sand 炽热的沙
• Suddenly she felt a burning (sensation) (= feeling of heat) in her throat. 她突然感觉到喉咙里热辣辣的。
UK ['bɜ:.nɪŋ] US ['bɝ:-] adjective
STRONG 强烈
■A burning desire , need, etc., is one that is very strong （愿望、需求等）强烈的，迫切的
• a burning ambition 野心勃勃
• He spoke of his burning desire to play for England. 他谈到非常希望为英国队效力。
burning issue/question
■a subject or question that must be dealt with or answered quickly 当务之急，极待解决的问题
warm, hot, burning
这组词都有“热的”的意思，其区别是：
warm: 通常指温度不太高，介于hot与cold之间，不太热也不太凉，给人以舒适感。
hot: 最普通用词，指温度很高，往往有灼热、滚烫含义。
burning: 暗示热源是火，多用于夸张，指像火烧一样热。
adj. 燃烧的；强烈的；发热的
 - intense, sharp, keen, consuming
n. 燃烧
 - combustion, inflammation

Word: rivalrous
Front: rivalrous
['raɪvəlrəs] (43223/-)
Vocabulary: rivalrous
(once / 590966 pages)
adj
Someone who's rivalrous is very competitive. It's always exciting for fans when two rivalrous teams meet up for an important match.
If you're rivalrous, you're eager to win, whether you're a rivalrous chess player or a rivalrous entrant in a baking competition. A pair of rivalrous siblings is in constant competition with each other, and a rivalrous presidential contest is particularly heated and cutthroat. Rivalrous is from the noun rivalry, from the sixteenth century rival, which has a Latin root: rivalis, "rival or adversary in love."
WORD FAMILY
rival: rivaled, rivaling, rivalled, rivalling, rivalrous, rivalry, rivals+/rivaled: unrivaled/rivalled: unrivalled/ rivalry: rivalries/unrivaled: unrivaledest
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sister cities: Vancouver, or “Hollywood North,” has always had something of a rivalrous relationship with Los Angeles.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 03, 2016)
Its denizens are proud, sometimes rivalrous, occasionally poetic and, at least in one case, humble.
New York Times(Jun 02, 2016)
But on campus, where students were studying Sunday for final exams, the news was greeted by many with rivalrous pride.
New York Times(May 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 有竞争性的，敌对性的
分布：有竞争性的(60%)，敌对性的(40%)

Word: starling
Front: starling
[ˈstɑ:lɪŋ] (19904/16242)
Back: n. 八哥
分布：挡水木桩(55%)，欧掠鸟(45%)
US ['stɑ:r-] noun countable
■a common bird with black or dark brown feathers which lives in large groups in many parts of the world 椋鸟
n. 桥墩尖端分水桩；挡水木桩；燕八哥； [鸟] 欧椋鸟
 - cowbird, blackbird

Word: subtropical
Front: subtropical
[ˌsʌbˈtrɒpɪkl] (20270/35310)
Back: adj. 亚热带的; 亚热带特点的
分布：亚热带的(100%)
→sub-,在下，tropical,热带的。
US [-'trɑ:.pɪ-] adjective
■belonging to or relating to parts of the world that are immediately south or north of the tropics (= the hottest areas) and have very hot weather at some times of the year 亚热带的，副热带的
• a subtropical climate 亚热带气候
• Subtropical regions are cooler than equatorial regions. 亚热带地区的气候比热带地区要凉爽一些。
adj. [地理] 亚热带的
 - semi-tropical

Word: antiquarian
Front: antiquarian
[ˌæntɪˈkweəriən] (25534/20026)
Vocabulary: antiquarian
(once / 2332 pages)
adjn
Something that's antiquarian is antique, and usually collectible. Antiquarian books are used books that have some value because they're rare.
If you go into the antiquarian business, you'll probably buy and sell old things — antique furniture, paintings, or coins, for example. An antiquarian book store has unusual and valuable editions of books for sale. An antiquarian is someone who specializes in, studies, or collects antiques. The word comes from the Latin antiquarius, "pertaining to antiquity."
WORD FAMILY
antiquarian: antiquarians
USAGE EXAMPLES
But he is also, and perhaps unintentionally, a creep: a young antiquarian fusspot in 1950s-style suits and spectator shoes with no friends.
Slate(Dec 15, 2016)
A Saturday panel will offer tips on starting a collection of antiquarian books, referring to books that are valued beyond just their contents.
Washington Times(Oct 29, 2016)
“Once again, this was the proof that stealing antiquarian books doesn’t bring you anywhere.”
New York Times(Oct 06, 2016)
Back: n. 古文物研究者，收集古文物者
adj. 古文物研究的
分布：古玩收藏家(34%)，古物研究者(22%)，古物研究的(22%)，买卖古旧书籍的(22%)
US [-tˌɪ'kwer.i-] adjective
■connected with the trade, collection or study of old and valuable or rare objects 古文物的；古文物收藏（或研究）的；古文物买卖的
• an antiquarian bookshop/bookseller 古籍书店／书商
UK [ˌæn.tɪ'kweə.ri.ən] US [-tˌɪ'kwer.i-] noun countable
■a person who studies or collects objects or artistic works from a long time ago 研究（或收藏、经营）古文物之人；古文物家

Word: antares

Word: bullring
Front: bullring
[ˈbʊlrɪŋ] (38860/-)
Back: n. 斗牛场
分布：斗牛场(85%)，椭圆形跑道(15%)
noun countable
■a circular area surrounded by seats, used for bullfights 斗牛场

Word: bounteous
Front: bounteous
[ˈbaʊntiəs] (宝 37970/-)
Vocabulary: bounteous
(once / 5427 pages)
adj
Things that are bounteous are plentiful and generously given. Your friends might celebrate your birthday by bringing you a bounteous armful of flowers.
Farmers planting their crops in the spring hope for a bounteous harvest in the summer, and the very best elementary school teachers have bounteous amounts of affection for children. Bounteous things are found in great abundance. The word's original, fourteenth century meaning was "full of goodness," from the noun bounty, or "generosity." The Latin root is bonitatem, or "goodness."
WORD FAMILY
bounteous: bounteously, bounteousness+/ bountiful: bountifully, bountifulness/ bounty: bounteous, bounties, bountiful
USAGE EXAMPLES
Here, the bowls of borscht are bounteous, the mountain air is crisp, the views boundless.
Slate(Oct 31, 2016)
You need that sense of bounteous indulgence, so make it big, and take the Michelin Man jokes on the chin.
The Guardian(Sep 09, 2016)
We have long thought of America as the most bounteous of nations.
Time(Sep 07, 2016)
Back: adj. <书>大方的; 慷慨的; <诗>丰富的; 充足的
分布：慷慨的(67%)，宽裕的(20%)，宽大的(13%)
【记】1）bount＝bound界限，ous多－说明邻国多，朋友多，是你慷慨的结果。2）bount读：帮他，ous多－帮他多的－慷慨的
adj. 慷慨的；丰富的；充裕的
 - abundant, generous, full, handsome, liberal

Word: bylaw
Front: bylaw
['baɪˌlɔ:] (20181/44766)
Back: n. 次要法规，（社、团制定的）规章制度
分布：法规(45%)，附则(33%)，地方法(22%)
US [-lɑ:] noun countable
■a law made by local government that only relates to its particular region 地方法
US
■a rule which governs the members of an organization （机构或组织的）规章制度
n. 次要法规；细则；地方法则；（社团制定的）内部章程
 - spec

Word: broth
Front: broth
[brɒθ] (5690/16262 -1)
Back: n. 肉汤; 培养基
分布：肉汤(79%)，清汤(21%)
→词源同brew, braise.
US [brɑ:θ] noun uncountable
■a thin soup, often with vegetables or rice in it （加入蔬菜或米的）肉汤
• chicken/turkey/beef broth 鸡／火鸡／牛肉汤
n. 肉汤；液体培养基
 - potage, fluid medium

Word: dockside
Front: dockside
[ˈdɒksaɪd] (24639/21963)
Back: n. 码头前沿，码头邻区，坞边
adj. （在）码头前沿的，（在）码头邻区的，（在）坞边的
分布：坞边.(34%)，码头邻区.(33%)，码头前沿(33%)

Word: reprocessed

Word: restorer
Front: restorer
[rɪˈstɔ:rə(r)] (24127/22025)
Back: n. 修补者，修建者
分布：修建者(67%)，修补物(33%)
US [-'stɔ:r.ɚ] noun countable
■a person who restores buildings, furniture or paintings to their original condition 修复者；整修工；修缮工
• She's a furniture restorer. 她是个修家俱的。
n. 修补者； [计] 复位器；恢复设备；修建者
 - repositor, repairer

Word: somatic
Front: somatic
[səʊ'mætɪk] (宝 14487/28081)
Vocabulary: somatic
(once / 29697 pages)
adj
Somatic is a fancy word that just means dealing with the body. You may be tired of hearing your great-grandfather's somatic complaints, but give him a break - his body has been working for 80 years!
Soma means body in Latin, so somatic means of the body and is most often used in connection with one's health. You may be more familiar with the related word, psychosomatic, which describes a physical condition or illness caused by the mind rather than a virus or a sprain. If you don't want to go to school so much that you begin to feel sick, that is psychosomatic. But sometimes, your somatic symptoms mean you really do have a cold!
WORD FAMILY
somatic: somatically
USAGE EXAMPLES
This is consistent with relaxed selection for repair in the immediate aftermath of allotetraploidy, when all genes were present in four copies per somatic cell5.
Nature(Oct 18, 2016)
And because the germline mutation affects all somatic cells, these children are more prone to developing multiple tumours in both eyes.
Nature(Aug 23, 2016)
Somatic mutations are in red and residues arising from recombination at the V-D-J junction are in green.
Nature(Jun 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 肉体的，躯体的，身体的; 体壁
分布：体壁的(43%)，肉体的(32%)，身体的(25%)
躯体的,肉体的(som+atic)[som=body,表示"身体"]
【记】som＝some有肉体的意思
【反】nonphysical（精神上的）
adj. [生物] 躯体的；肉体的；体壁的
 - material, carnal

Word: sulky
Front: sulky
[ˈsʌlki] (托宝 27653/23951)
Vocabulary: sulky
(once / 1233 pages)
1adj 2n
Someone who's sulky is gloomy, or quietly unhappy. A sulky teenager is generally not a lot of fun at a family party.
Some people tend to be sulky when they're unhappy or disappointed — when you're sulky, you're not just sad, but you mope and frown and sigh. You might be sulky if your brother gets to travel to England and you don't, or if your coworker gets a promotion instead of you. Sulky probably comes from an Old English word, asolcen, "idle, lazy, or slow," which has a Proto-Germanic root.
WORD FAMILY
sulky: sulkier, sulkies, sulkiest, sulkily, sulkiness+/ sulk: sulked, sulking, sulks, sulky /sulkiness: sulkinesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Except perhaps they want them to continue making a sulky face on their identity papers, further weighing down the country’s morale.”
Seattle Times(Oct 01, 2016)
Polly, who was disliking the Queen and feeling rather sulky, would not have let her hand be taken if she could have helped it.
C. S. Lewis, The Magician's Nephew(1955)
Monday at a home on Sulky Court after she failed to appear in court for charges related a traffic stop in March, the police said.
New York Times(Aug 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 愠怒的; 绷着脸的; 生闷气的; 不搭理人的
n. 单座二轮马车
分布：生气的(65%)，阴沉的(35%)
→词源不详，可能来自 sullen,闷闷不乐的，-k,表强调，比较 tell,talk,hear,hark.
【记】sulk（n /v 生气），y读：骚key－上厕所时候钥匙掉茅坑里了－闷闷不乐的
【反】rejoice（v 使欣喜）
adj. 生气的；阴沉的
 - angry, heavy

Word: suckle
Front: suckle
[ˈsʌkl] (22149/21460)
Back: vt. & vi. 给…喂奶
时态：suckled, suckling, suckles
分布：吮吸(44%)，哺乳(42%)，吸取(14%)
→suck,吮吸，吸食，-le,表反复。即婴儿吸奶，后也用于指喂奶，哺乳。
verb intransitive or transitive
■to feed a baby, especially a baby animal, with milk from the organ in the mother that produces milk, or (of a baby, especially a baby animal) to drink milk from the mother 给（尤指幼兽）喂奶；（尤指幼兽）吃奶，吸奶
• We watched the cow suckling her calves. 我们看着乳牛给小牛喂奶。
• The puppies went back to their mother to suckle. 小狗们跑回到狗妈妈身边去吃奶。
vt. 给…哺乳；吮吸；养育
 - raise, mother, foster, breed

Word: subsonic
Front: subsonic
[ˌsʌbˈsɒnɪk] (34577/-)
Back: adj. 比音速稍慢的，次音速的
n. 亚音速飞机
分布：次音速的(56%)，比音速稍慢的(44%)
→sub-,低于，亚于，sonic,声音的。引申词义亚音速的。
US [-'sɑ:.nɪk] adjective
■slower than the speed of sound 次音速的，次声速的

Word: swimmingly
Front: swimmingly
[ˈswɪmɪŋli] (32029/49039)
Back: adv. 顺畅地，轻易地
分布：顺利地(84%)，容易地(16%)
→swimming,游泳，-ly,副词后缀。引申比喻义顺利地。
['swɪm.ɪŋ.li] old-fashioned informal
adverb
■successfully and without any problems 成功地，顺利地，一帆风顺地
• Everything went swimmingly until Peter started talking about money. 在彼得开始谈金钱之前，一切都进展得很顺利。
adv. 顺利地；轻易地
 - successfully, favorably

Word: surety
Front: surety
[ˈʃʊərəti] (26335/13295)
Vocabulary: surety
(once / 2388 pages)
n
A surety is a fact that no one questions. Surety, in a legal sense, is the security you can provide when you apply for a loan.
When you're sure of something, you're positive it's true. Such things are sureties, because they inspire such confidence. Also, there's a legal type of surety. If you take out a loan, a house you own could be a surety: it could be claimed by your creditors if you don't repay the loan. That type of surety provides security (or insecurity, if you fail to pay back the loan).
WORD FAMILY
surety: sureties
USAGE EXAMPLES
In a Facebook post addressed to bail bondsmen and sureties, he said:
The Guardian(Dec 14, 2016)
After she was arrested, family friends as well as her mother offered their homes as a surety for bail.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 12, 2016)
The surety of that declaration is a beacon for Moana, who finds herself literally adrift after leaving the insular comforts of home.
Slate(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. 保证人，担保，保证
分布：保证(39%)，保证人(33%)，担保(28%)
→sure,确定的，确信的，-ty,名词后缀。引申词义保证金，担保人。
保证;保证人(sure+ty)[sur=sure表示"肯定"]
US ['ʃʊr.ə.tˌi] legal
noun countable or uncountable
■a person who accepts legal responsibility for another person's debt or behaviour, or (money given as) a promise that someone will do something that they have said they will do, such as pay a debt or appear in court 担保人，保证人；担保；保证金
• Her brothers are acting as sureties for her. 她的兄弟们给她当担保人。
• No one has yet been found who is willing to stand (= act as a) surety for Mr Naylor. 还没有找到愿意为内勒先生担保的人。
• What are you able to provide as a surety that you will repay the loan? 您能拿甚么来担保你会偿还贷款?
n. 担保；保证；保证人
 - assurance, guarantee, certification, commitment, security

Word: synaesthesia

Word: announcer
Front: announcer
[əˈnaʊnsə(r)] (四托 7512/20423 -1)
Back: n. 宣告者; 播音员
分布：广播员(92%)，告知者(8%)
US [-sɚ] noun countable
■someone who introduces programmes or reads the news on the television or radio （电视台或电台的）节目主持人，广播员，播音员
• a radio/TV announcer 电台／电视节目主持人
n. [广播] 广播员；宣告者
 - broadcaster

Word: circumlocution
Front: circumlocution
[ˌsɜ:kəmləˈkju:ʃn] (宝 39880/34581)
Vocabulary: circumlocution
(once / 8461 pages)
n
Circumlocution is a long, complicated word which means a long, complicated way of expressing something. To cut to the chase, circumlocution means to beat around the bush.
Circumlocution comes from the Latin words circum, "circle," and loqui, "to speak." So circumlocution is speaking in circles, going round and round in a wordy way without ever getting to the heart of the matter. It's an evasive style of argument, best employed when you really don't want to say what's on your mind.
WORD FAMILY
circumlocution: circumlocutions, circumlocutious+/ locution: circumlocution, locutions
USAGE EXAMPLES
And the prime minister . . . in expressing himself before her without circumlocution, calmly invited her to join the rebellion.”
Washington Post(Nov 26, 2016)
The clumsy circumlocution is a way of avoiding any hint of stoking sectarian unrest.
Economist(Oct 27, 2016)
But then he offered a circumlocution about voting one’s conscience “up and down he ticket,” which elicited boos and chants of “We want Trump!”
The New Yorker(Jul 21, 2016)
Back: n. 迂回的话语; 托词; 累赘的话; 累赘的说法
分布：遁词(67%)，迂回累赘的陈述(33%)
→circum-,圈，周围，-loc,说，见locution,colloquy.
转弯抹角说话(circum绕圈+locu+tion)[loqu,locu=speak,表示"说话"]
【记】circum圈，locu＝loqu说：绕圈说－迂回累赘的陈述
【参】loquacious（adj 多话的）；locution（n 独特的措辞，说话风格）
【反】succinctness（n 简洁）；express succinctly（简练的表达）；pithy utters＝utter concisely＝straightforward utter（简练的说话）；circumlocutory（adj 说话委婉的）－direct encounter（直接面对）/straightforward（adj 正直坦率的）
US [ˌsɝ:-] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■(an example of) an indirect way of saying something, especially something unpleasant （尤指对不好的事情的）迂回曲折的说法；婉转语，遁词
• 'Economical with the truth' is a circumlocution for 'lying'. “对实情惜字如金”是“撒谎”的委婉说法。
• Politicians are experts in circumlocution. 政客极擅长拐弯抹角地讲话。
n. 婉转曲折的说法，累赘的陈述；遁辞
 - creephole

Word: cladding
Front: cladding
[ˈklædɪŋ] (29709/25139)
Back: n. 覆层
v. 穿衣的( clad的现在分词 ); 覆盖的
分布：电镀(45%)，镀层(45%)，动词clad的现在分词形式.(10%)
noun uncountable
■protective material which covers the surface of something 包层；覆面；镀层；保护层
• The pipes froze because the cladding had fallen off. 水管因保暖层脱落而冻住了。
n. [建] [材] 包层；电镀；喷镀
 - envelope, electroplating

Word: cockle
Front: cockle
[ˈkɒkl] (34944/24856)
Back: n. 鸟蛤[海扇]壳; <文>轻舟，小船
时态：cockled, cockling, cockles
分布：麦仙翁(27%)，轻舟(25%)，海扇(20%)，起皱(20%)，褶皱(8%)
→来自conch, 蛤蜊。-le,小词后缀。
US ['kɑ:.kl] noun countable
■a small rounded sea creature with a shell, common in Europe, which can be eaten 鸟蛤，海扇
n. 海扇壳，海扇类；鸟蛤；麦仙翁；小舟
 - shallop
vi. 折皱，起皱
 - wrinkle

Word: codon
Front: codon
['kəʊdɒn] (30992/31251)
Back: n. 密码子，基码

Word: compiler
Front: compiler
[kəmˈpaɪlə(r)] (20822/9357)
Back: n. 汇编者; 编辑者; 编纂者; （电脑的）编译程序
分布：编译程序(72%)，编辑者(28%)
US [-lɚ] noun countable
PERSON 人
■a person who compiles something 编纂者
• a dictionary compiler 词典编纂者
UK [kəm'paɪ.lər] US [-lɚ] noun countable
COMPUTER PROGRAM 电脑程式 specialized
■a computer program that changes instructions into machine language 编译器（把指令翻译成可执行机器语言的程式）
• She ran her code through the compiler. 她把编码输入编译器中执行。
n. 编译器； [计] 编译程序；编辑者，汇编者
 - compiling program, compiling routine

Word: competency
Front: competency
[ˈkɒmpɪtənsi] (7316/21574)
Vocabulary: competency
(once / 5688 pages)
n
If you have competency in something, you're well-qualified to do it, whether that's baseball, business management, or underwater basket weaving.
Competency means "capability." Although we use it to mean someone has a sufficient qualification, it comes from the word compete, meaning that someone with competency is good enough to compete with other candidates. If you pass the medical board exams, then you have medical competency. Most jobs require that you show competency, either through certification, or on-the-job performance. If you keep faking injuries to get out of saving people, someone will eventually question your competency as a lifeguard.
WORD FAMILY
competency: competencies+/ competence: competences/ competent: competence, competency, competenter, competently, incompetent / incompetence: incompetences/incompetency: incompetencies/ incompetent: incompetence, incompetency, incompetently, incompetents
USAGE EXAMPLES
District Judge Richard Gergel ordered a psychiatric examination of Roof and set the competency hearing for Monday, a federal holiday.
Reuters(Jan 02, 2017)
An attorney for media outlets including The Associated Press argues that Monday’s competency hearing for convicted Charleston church shooter Dylann Roof should be open.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
People must meet age, criminal record and mental competency requirements, among other conditions, to get a concealed carry permit.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: n. 资格，能力，作证能力
分布：能力(76%)，胜任(14%)，技能(10%)
US ['kɑ:m-] noun countable
■an important skill that is needed to do a job 技能；能力；本领
• managerial competencies 管理能力
n. 能力（等于competence）；资格
 - capacity, ability, membership, qualification, power

Word: comeuppance
Front: comeuppance
[kʌmˈʌpəns] (27182/38852)
Vocabulary: comeuppance
(once / 42364 pages)
n
Comeuppance describes a fate or punishment that's deserved, like when an arrogant trash-talking quarterback fumbles the ball on the last play and loses the game for his team.
Comeuppance began as a term that meant "present oneself for judgment by a tribunal." That was in 1859. You can picture an accused person approaching a judge, or "coming up" to the front of a courtroom. Guilt, innocence — comeuppance can be either, and it can apply to things beyond the justice system. Nowadays you'll most likely hear this word describe something bad. If someone gets a deserved punishment, you'd say "He got his comeuppance."
WORD FAMILY
comeuppance: comeuppances
USAGE EXAMPLES
It features pizzicato cello and a subtle growl of organ, along with lyrics that revel in comeuppance.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
The satisfying comeuppance of William/the Man in Black is merely the first fallen rock in the landslide.
New York Times(Dec 05, 2016)
The detached liberals of the big cities were going to get their comeuppance.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 应得的惩罚，因果报应
分布：应得的惩罚(53%)，因果报应(47%)
→来自短语come up。
n. 因果报应，应得的惩罚
 - karma, What goes around comes around.

Word: contrivance
Front: contrivance
[kənˈtraɪvəns] (24005/21253)
Vocabulary: contrivance
(once / 1026 pages)
n
A contrivance is a gadget or device that can be used for some particular purpose. The spinning blade of a blender is a contrivance that turns fruits and yogurt into a tasty smoothie. Yum.
A contrivance is a useful device or tool. It might be assembled or invented, and it's often mechanical, although you can really refer to anything that's made for a specific purpose as a contrivance. The word sometimes also implies a falseness or obviousness, like the contrivance of a spy's very fake-looking beard that's supposed to disguise him, or the contrivance of a novel's complicated, unbelievable plot.
WORD FAMILY
contrivance: contrivances+/ contrive: contrivance, contrived, contriver, contrives, contriving/ contrived: contrivedly, uncontrived/contriver: contrivers
USAGE EXAMPLES
The movie as a whole is one of Bergman’s most audience-friendly contrivances.
New York Times(Dec 16, 2016)
This is a flimsy plot contrivance, but it raises some intriguing questions about cause and effect.
Slate(Nov 22, 2016)
The family comedy-drama “Almost Christmas” is an often disarmingly entertaining picture, in spite of its being a not particularly well-thought-out cinematic contrivance.
New York Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: n. 发明; 发明才能; 想出的办法; 发明物
分布：想出的办法(37%)，机械装置(27%)，人工痕迹(18%)，发明的才能(18%)
→来自contrive, 发明，创造。词义贬义化。
[kən'traɪ.vənts] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■when someone contrives something 计谋；诡计；设计，发明
• disapproving Because of the timing, I'm sure the salary freeze is a deliberate contrivance, not a coincidence. 根据时间安排，我敢肯定工资冻结是有预谋的，不是巧合。
• I think the meeting happened more by contrivance than chance. 我觉得这次会面是有意的安排，不是碰巧。
n. 发明；发明物；想出的办法；计谋
 - invention, stratagem

Word: crotch
Front: crotch
[krɒtʃ] (12480/24756)
Back: n. （人体的）胯部，两腿分叉处; 裤裆
分布：裆部(73%)，叉柱(27%)
→词源同crook,crochet. 俚语，即看起来像个小弯钩。
US [krɑ:tʃ] (also crutch)
noun countable
■the part of your body where your legs join at the top, or the part of trousers or underwear which covers this area 胯部；裤裆
n. （人的）胯部，分叉处；丫叉
 - crutch

Word: curmudgeon
Front: curmudgeon
[kɜ:ˈmʌdʒən] (宝 27641/-)
Vocabulary: curmudgeon
(once / 13251 pages)
n
Old, cranky, and more than a little stubborn, a curmudgeon is the gruff, grey-haired neighbor who refuses to hand out candy at Halloween and shoos away holiday carolers with a "bah humbug!"
As fickle and stubborn as the type of person it describes, curmudgeon comes to us without a history, its origins undisclosed. It was originally believed to have come from coeur mechant, the French phrase for “evil heart,” but that theory has been long discarded. Don't worry though, you’ll know a curmudgeon when you see one: He’ll be ill-tempered and miserly, eager to shake his fist and spout disagreeable opinions.
WORD FAMILY
curmudgeon: curmudgeonly, curmudgeons
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some neighbors saw him as a curmudgeon whose life inside the shuttered storefront remained a mystery.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
An earnest young police officer in Ithaca, New York, bravely captured the holiday season’s biggest curmudgeon, the Grinch.
Time(Dec 14, 2016)
As Salinger, the formidable Chris Cooper has a brief but masterly turn, sympathetically rendering the writer as a curmudgeon defending his literary offspring.
Seattle Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: n. 坏脾气的人，吝啬鬼，守财奴
分布：脾气暴躁的人(50%)，乖戾的老人(50%)
→词源不详，可能来自cur, 恶狗，mudge, 狗叫。
【记】cur跑，mud泥：跑到泥巴里去－脾气暴躁的人cur流氓，mud妈的，geon真：真他mud流氓－脾气暴躁的人读：cur麻疹，出麻疹是因为脾气暴躁
【反】agreeable person（随和的人）
US [kɚ-] old-fashioned
noun countable
■an old person who is often in a bad mood 脾气乖戾的老人，坏脾气的老人
n. 脾气坏的人，乖戾的人；吝啬鬼；存心不良的人
 - screw, crosspatch

Word: cantonal

Word: busing
Front: busing
[ˈbʌsiŋ] (29922/-)
Back: n. 以公共汽车运人
分布：动词bus的现在分词(50%)，公共汽车接送(50%)

Word: catania

Word: carouse
Front: carouse
[kəˈraʊz] (宝 28507/37769)
Vocabulary: carouse
(once / 3230 pages)
vn
Carouse means to drink a lot of alcohol and behave in a loud, exuberant way. The neighbors will not appreciate it if you and your friends carouse in the backyard until dawn.
Carouse comes from the German gar aus trinken meaning “all out," “drain the cup” or “drink up.” The English adopted the word in the 16th century, and it came to mean “sitting around drinking until closing time.” A noisy drinking party is sometimes called a carouse.
WORD FAMILY
carouse: carousal, caroused, carouser, carouses, carousing+/ carousal: carousals/carouser: carousers
USAGE EXAMPLES
He was also clever: That morning, with his three commanding white officers carousing ashore, Smalls began executing his plan.
New York Times(Nov 15, 2016)
After a night of carousing and cheering, the fans will be more than ready for Bisping, who now lives in Orange County, California.
Seattle Times(Oct 07, 2016)
Three other swimmers who were with Lochte during a night of carousing and vandalism at a Rio gas station received four month suspensions.
Wall Street Journal(Sep 08, 2016)
Back: vi. 痛饮，闹饮欢宴
n. 狂饮的宴会
时态：caroused, carousing, carouses
分布：畅饮(44%)，狂欢(28%)，痛饮(14%)，狂饮作乐(14%)
→来自德语短语gar aus, 字面意思即quite out. gar, 词源同前缀ge-, com-。 -aus, 词源同out. 即尽情喝酒狂欢。
【源】源于garaus日耳曼语，意为“是离开酒吧的时候了”，gar表示所有的，aus表示出去。接着又表示“喝光，干杯”和“打烊前的最后一杯”的意思。英语中借用这个名词，意为“坐着饮酒直至打烊的行为”，也就是狂饮寻乐的行为。
【记】car汽车，rouse觉醒，奋起－开着汽车狂欢，连汽车都兴奋了。Car，ouse＝house：有房有车－值得狂欢
[kə'raʊz] literary or humorous
verb intransitive
■to enjoy yourself by drinking alcohol and speaking and laughing loudly in a group of people 畅饮作乐，痛饮狂欢
• We'd been up carousing till the early hours and were exhausted. 我们痛饮狂欢一直到凌晨，个个都筋疲力尽了。
vi. 畅饮；欢宴
 - tuck away
n. 喧闹的酒会或宴会；一饮而尽
 - quick one

Word: catcher
Front: catcher
[ˈkætʃə(r)] (7454/21968 -1)
Back: n. 捕手，捕捉器; 接球手; 收集器; [化]接受器
分布：捕手(61%)，捕捉者(15%)，捕捉器(13%)，接球员(11%)
US ['ketʃ.ɚ] noun countable
■in baseball, the player who catches the ball if the batter fails to hit it （棒球运动中的）接球手，捕手
n. 捕手，捕捉者；接球手
 - wicket-keeper, backstop

Word: chardonnay

Word: civics
Front: civics
[ˈsɪvɪks] (18360/-)
Vocabulary: civics
(once / 15718 pages)
n
The study of citizenship is called civics. If your school offers a civics class, you can learn about the importance of things like voting and paying taxes.
Student government can teach you about civics, and so can certain social studies lessons and classes that a country's new citizens sometimes take. Civics can teach you about the rights granted to citizens, as well as their responsibilities, such as serving on juries and engaging in the political process. The word civics was an American English invention, modeled on politics, from the Latin civicus, "of a citizen."
WORD FAMILY
civics
USAGE EXAMPLES
Toward that end we think more, not fewer, courses in civics and the Constitution would be a good idea for all college students.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Pinned above his desk is a picture of Tuck Gionet, a Snohomish High School civics teacher and track coach who died of cancer last year.
Washington Times(Dec 18, 2016)
On those grounds alone, the Gophers get an F in civics for their boycott.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 公民
分布：公民(100%)
['sɪv.ɪks] mainly US
noun uncountable
■the study of the way in which a local government works and of the rights and duties of the people who live in the city 市政学；公民学
n. 公民；公民学
 - citizen, people

Word: coldly
Front: coldly
[ˈkəʊldli] (14634/8298 -K)
Back: adv. 冷地; 冷淡地; 不友好地; 冷静地
分布：冷淡地(100%)
US ['koʊld-] adverb
■in an unfriendly way and without emotion 冷淡地；无情地
• "That's your problem, " she said coldly. “那是你的问题，”她冷冷地说道。
adv. 冷淡地；不友好地
 - strange, repulsively

Word: cliffhang

Word: cosmopolitanism
Front: cosmopolitanism
[ˌkɒzmə'pɒlɪtənɪzəm] (宝 -/39415)
Back: n. 世界大同主义，四海一家
分布：世界大同主义(59%)，四海一家(41%)
【记】cosmopolis（n 国际都市）cosmo世界，宇宙，polis城市－世界城－国际大都市
【反】insularity（n 岛国性质；（思想，观点等的）狭隘）insular（adj 孤立的；岛国的）－cosmopolitan
n. 世界主义；世界大同主义；四海一家
 - supranationalism, Friendly Persuasion

Word: cornfield
Front: cornfield
[ˈkɔ:nfi:ld] (13597/23326)
Back: n. <美>玉米田，<英>小麦田
分布：玉米田(45%)，麦田(38%)，稻田(17%)
US ['kɔ:rn-] noun countable
■a field which is used for growing corn 玉米地
n. 麦田；玉米田；稻田
 - Paddy, paddy field

Word: connective
Front: connective
[kəˈnektɪv] (19421/27931)
Vocabulary: connective
(once / 5884 pages)
adjn
Something that's connective connects or attaches things to each other. In grammar, connective words such as "like" or "than" connect clauses or phrases.
A connective device on your computer, like a modem, connects it with the Internet, and connective tissue in your body connects organs, tissues, bones, muscles, and other body parts to each other. Sometimes a connective word or conjunction is also called a connective. The word comes from the verb connect, from the Latin root conectere, "join together."
WORD FAMILY
connective: connectively, connectives, connectivity+/ connect: connected, connecter, connecting, connection, connective, connector, connects, connexion, disconnect, interconnect/connected: connectedly, connectedness, unconnected / connection: connections/connector: connectors/connexion: connexions/ disconnect: disconnected, disconnecting, disconnection, disconnects/disconnected: disconnectedly, disconnectedness/disconnectedness: disconnectednesses/ disconnection: disconnections/interconnect: interconnected, interconnecting, interconnection, interconnects/interconnected: interconnectedness/interconnection: interconnections/ unconnected: unconnectedly, unconnectedness
USAGE EXAMPLES
He was, in many ways, the connective tissue linking Mr. Mitchell to his protégé Mr. Jain in their management of the bank.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Ascorbate helps the body create collagen, the essential protein in the body’s connective tissue, and a deficiency is deeply painful.
Slate(Dec 08, 2016)
The presence of enlarged or malformed capillaries in this area, the nail fold, indicate an underlying connective tissue disease.
New York Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: adj. 起连接作用的; 连接的，联结的
n. 连接词; 连接物，结合物
分布：连接的(40%)，连接词(27%)，起连接作用的(20%)，连接物(13%)
adj. [计] 连合的， [解剖] 连接的
 - linked, joint
n. [计] [解剖] 连接词；连接物
 - joining, conjunction, attachment

Word: consonant
Front: consonant
[ˈkɒnsənənt] (托宝 17386/12928)
Vocabulary: consonant
(once / 1753 pages)
1n 2adj
A consonant is a speech sound that is not a vowel. It also refers to letters of the alphabet that represent those sounds: Z, B, T, G, and H are all consonants.
Consonants are all the non-vowel sounds, or their corresponding letters: A, E, I, O, U and sometimes Y are not consonants. In hat, H and T are consonants. Consonant can also be an adjective that describes things that seem like they should go together, things that are "agreeable." You could say a nation's offer of aid is consonant with their treaties. When you hear consonant sounds in music, they are pleasing, the opposite of "dissonant" sounds which are harsh.
WORD FAMILY
consonant: consonance, consonantal, consonantly, consonants+/ consonance: consonances
USAGE EXAMPLES
I kept a list of my datelines and it is long, with many consonants in unusual places.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Consonant with this strategy, the increasing sophistication of robots and other advanced automation will compel business to substitute robots for human labor.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Vowels are important to speech, for example, but so are consonants.
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 辅音，子音; 辅音字母
adj. 一致的; 符合的; 协和音的; 和音的
分布：辅音(71%)，一致的(15%)，辅音的(8%)，符合的(6%)
→con-, 强调。-son, 声音，词源同sound. 即发出声音的，后指语音学术术语辅音。
符合的;和音的(con共同+son+ant→声音相同→和音的)[son=sound,表示"声音"]
US ['kɑ:n-] noun countable
 ADVANCED
■one of the speech sounds or letters of the alphabet which is not a vowel. Consonants are pronounced by stopping the air from flowing easily through the mouth, especially by closing the lips or touching the teeth with the tongue. 辅音；辅音字母 Compare vowel
adj. [语] 辅音的；一致的； [电子] 和谐的
 - united, harmonious, balanced, corresponding, matching

Word: communitarian
Front: communitarian
[kəˌmju:nɪ'teərɪən] (24725/45476)
Back: n. 共产主义社会的成员，提倡共产主义社会者
分布：共产主义社会的成员(44%)，提倡共产主义社会者(28%)，公有制的(14%)，宣传共产主义的(14%)

Word: crewman
Front: crewman
[ˈkru:mən] (16273/23524 -1)
Back: n. 船员; 乘务员; 机组成员
分布：船员(55%)，机员(45%)
N-COUNT
乘务员;船员
A crewman is a member of a crew.

Word: daphne
Front: daphne
[ˈdæfni:] (-/12710)
Back: n. 瑞香
分布：名词(100%)

Word: curricular
Front: curricular
[kəˈrɪkjələ(r)] (10275/13364)
Back: adj. 课程的
分布：课程的(100%)

Word: directness
Front: directness
[dəˈrektnəs] (20219/18753)
Back: n. 笔直，率直，直接
分布：直接(79%)，直率(21%)
n. 直接；率直；笔直
 - immediacy, frankness

Word: derailment
Front: derailment
[dɪ'reɪlmənt] (29384/37927)
Back: n. 出轨
分布：出轨(100%)
n. 出轨
 - off the track, off the trail

Word: diagonal
Front: diagonal
[daɪˈægənl] (托宝 12094/10261 -1)
Vocabulary: diagonal
(once / 1967 pages)
adjn
A diagonal is made out of a straight line that's set at an angle instead of straight up or across. If you picture a square and draw a line connecting the opposite corners, that’s a diagonal line.
You’ll find diagonal lines in geometry, and also in the world around you. A quarterback might throw a diagonal pass that angles across the field, or you might buy a snazzy new leotard with diagonal stripes. Diagonal can be either a noun or an adjective. You could call the steep slope of a hill a diagonal across the sky, or you could talk about the diagonal hillside reaching up toward the clouds.
WORD FAMILY
diagonal: diagonalise, diagonalize, diagonally, diagonals+/diagonalise: diagonalisation/diagonalize: diagonalizable, diagonalization
USAGE EXAMPLES
It runs through the densely populated hills of the East Bay, sketching a diagonal line between San Jose and Richmond.
The New Yorker(Dec 28, 2016)
The entrance that begins on a diagonal and incorporates fouettés, or whipping turns, is a favorite.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Many of the pieces bear the brand’s distinctive diagonal, white, screen-printed stripes, a design detail carried over to the clothing racks.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. [数]对角线; 斜线; 斜列; 斜纹布
adj. 对角线的; 斜线的; 斜的; 斜纹的
分布：对角线(59%)，对角线的(14%)，斜线(11%)，斜纹的(7%)，斜的(7%)，斜列(2%)
→dia-, 穿过。-gon, 弯，角，词源同knee, octagonal. 即穿过去的，成对角的。
对角线(dia对着+gon+al)[gon=angle,表示"角"]
【记】dia，2，gon角－2角之间的线－对角线
adjective
 ADVANCED
■A diagonal line is straight and sloping, not horizontal or vertical, for example joining two opposite corners of a square or other flat shape with four sides 斜线的，对角线的
• The book has a diagonal black stripe on the cover. 该书的封面上有一道黑色斜纹。
 ADVANCED
■moving in a diagonal line 沿斜线运动的
• Peters received a diagonal pass and headed the ball into the net. 彼德斯接到斜传球后将球顶射入网。
[daɪ'æg.ən.əl] noun countable specialized
■a straight line which joins two opposite corners of a four-sided flat shape, such as a square 对角线
adj. 斜的； [数] 对角线的；斜纹的
 - off-angle, pitched
n. [数] 对角线；斜线
 - solidus

Word: delft
Front: delft
[delft] (34867/40265)
Back: n. 代夫特（荷兰城市）陶器
分布：名词(100%)

Word: desecration
Front: desecration
[ˌdesɪ'kreɪʃn] (20859/23117)
Vocabulary: desecration
(once / 6856 pages)
n
Desecration is a type of behavior that disrespects the sacredness or holiness of something. Words and actions that are offensive to a religion could be considered acts of desecration.
Swearing in church is a type of desecration. Destroying a tombstone is a type of desecration. Depending on the religion, taking God's name in vain could be considered desecration. This word means something close to blasphemy or sacrilege. Sometimes, desecration is used in non-religious contexts, when an idea people care about is treated disrespectfully.
WORD FAMILY
desecration: desecrations+/ desecrate: desecrated, desecrates, desecrating, desecration
USAGE EXAMPLES
But he was also suspicious of his own urge to glory in that desecration.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
The 1906 law was intended to let Presidents act expeditiously to protect national treasures from desecration.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 30, 2016)
He’s charged with criminal mischief; desecration of a venerable object and public intoxication.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 亵渎神圣，污辱; 佛头著粪
分布：亵渎神圣(59%)，污辱(41%)
n. 亵渎神圣；污辱神物
 - profanation

Word: downcast
Front: downcast
[ˈdaʊnkɑ:st] (托 21594/23934)
Vocabulary: downcast
(once / 1612 pages)
1adj 2n
If you're feeling sad, gloomy, blue, low, grim, depressed, or melancholy, you probably don't care if there could possibly any more synonyms for the way you feel. Rest assured that there are, and one of them is downcast.
Downcast most frequently describes a person's mood: downhearted, down in the mouth, down in the dumps, just plain old down. It can also refer to the direction in which something is pointed — down. Your eyes, for instance, gazing downward, are downcast. And many times when your eyes are looking that way, it's because you're feeling that way.
WORD FAMILY
downcast: downcastedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Brazilian media reported her male contestants were downcast after her win.
The Guardian(Dec 16, 2016)
Dressed in an orange jumpsuit, her face is droopy, eyes slightly downcast.
Washington Times(Dec 10, 2016)
Some societies keep eyes downcast as sign of respect, especially with elders, making an American’s direct gaze feel awkward to tour guides.
New York Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 情绪低落的，向下的; 颓靡
分布：垂下的(47%)，气馁的(30%)，悲哀的(23%)
【记】刚考上哈佛就被人从100层给cast（扔）down（下）来了－垂头丧气的
【区】downstream（adj 下游的）；downgrade（n 下坡；退步adj 下坡的）downplay（vt 不予重视）＝belittle
US [-kæst/ UK [ˌ-'-] adjective
UNHAPPY 不高兴的 formal
■sad and without hope 垂头丧气的，萎靡不振的；伤心绝望的
• I thought you were looking a little downcast this morning. 我觉得你今天早上好像有点垂头丧气。
UK ['daʊn.kɑ:st] US [-kæst/ UK [ˌ-'-] adjective
EYES DOWN 眼睛向下
■If someone's eyes are downcast, they are looking down. 眼睛向下看的，目光低垂的
adj. 沮丧的；低垂的；气馁的
 - blue, disappointed, depressed

Word: downwind
Front: downwind
[ˌdaʊnˈwɪnd] (18944/23770)
Back: adv. & adj. 顺风（的）
分布：顺风(69%)，顺风的(31%)
adverb adjective
■in the direction in which the wind blows; with the wind behind 顺风（的），在下风（的），随风（的）
• The smoke drifted downwind. 烟雾随风飘散。
• They live downwind of a pig-farm and sometimes the smell is awful. 他们住在养猪场的下风处，有时那里的气味非常难闻。
Compare upwind
adj. [航] [水运] 顺风的
 - leeward

Word: disinflation
Front: disinflation
[ˌdɪsɪn'fleɪʃən] (38490/-)
Back: n. <经>制止通货膨胀，通货紧缩（政策）
分布：反通货膨胀(100%)
n. 通货紧缩； [经] 反通货膨胀
 - deflation of currency

Word: dissemble
Front: dissemble
[dɪˈsembl] (托宝 26710/32958)
Vocabulary: dissemble
(once / 2283 pages)
v
To dissemble is to hide under a false appearance, to deceive. "When confronted about their human rights record, the Chinese government typically dissembles."
Dissemble is a little more complicated than a straight lie or denial. When you dissemble, you disguise your true intentions or feelings behind a false appearance. To dissemble is to pretend that you don't know something, to pretend that you think one way when you act another way. "My boyfriend was dissembling the whole time. He was a married father of two."
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
disassemble / dissemble
Disassemble is to take something apart, like an old car motor, but dissemble is sneaky — it means to hide your true self, like the guy who said he was a mechanic but had never actually seen a motor, much less put one back together.
Disassemble is formed from dis-, meaning reversal, and assemble, to put together. Disassemble, then, is to take something apart, literally or figuratively:
Entering the moon's orbit, the rocket was further disassembled enabling two Apollo Astronauts to explore the lunar surface. (Scientific American)
Lawmakers are, of course, free to disassemble their Frankenbill and pass the measures separately. (Chicago Tribune)
But Mr. Walker and Republican leaders said disassembling unions was not the point at all. (New York Times)
Dissemble, which means to hide one's beliefs or feelings, has a less direct breakdown. (Why would it be direct? It likes to hide!) It comes from the Latin dissimulare, meaning to conceal, from dis- for completely, and simulare meaning pretend. If you completely pretend you believe something other than you really do, you are dissembling:
Pictures have always dissembled — there are millions of snaps of miserable families grinning bravely — but now they directly lie. (Guardian)
Is this not the curse of power, forever compelled to conceal and dissemble? (New York Times)
A sweet religion, indeed, that obliges men to dissemble and tell lies, both to God and man, for the salvation of their souls! (John Locke)
Ditch the dis an it's easy to keep these two straight: (dis)assemble is the opposite of assemble, and (dis)semble is to not resemble yourself.
WORD FAMILY
dissemble: dissembled, dissembler, dissembles, dissembling +/dissembler: dissemblers/ dissembling: dissemblings
USAGE EXAMPLES
To sum up: The Obama Democrats used student loans and loan forgiveness to buy votes and dissembled about the cost.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 02, 2016)
Sure, she compromises, she sometimes dissembles and at times her judgment has been flawed.
Seattle Times(Nov 05, 2016)
If it comes to that, Ms. Yellen will find it very hard to dissemble her way out of it.
Wall Street Journal(Sep 27, 2016)
Back: vt. 假装，掩饰（感情、意图等）
时态：dissembled, dissembling, dissembles
分布：掩饰(69%)，假装(31%)
→改编自dissimulate, 掩饰。
假装,掩饰(dis不+semble→不相同装做相同→掩饰)[simil,simul,sembl=alike,same表示"相类似,一样"]
假装,掩盖(dis不,和本性不一样,假装)[sembl=belike(相像)]
【记】dis，semble好像－好像不是真的因为做了掩饰
【参】assemble（v 集合）；simultaneous（adj 同时的）dissimulate（v 掩饰；装糊涂）＝simulate＝dissemble
【反】behave honestly（诚实地表现）
formal
verb intransitive
■to hide your real intentions and feelings or the facts 掩盖，掩饰（动机、感情、真相）
• He accused the government of dissembling. 他指责政府掩饰真相。
vt. 掩饰，掩盖；假装
 - simulate, come
vi. 隐藏，掩饰（思想、感情等）
 - to hide, mask

Word: eyelash
Front: eyelash
[ˈaɪlæʃ] (13195/15746 -1)
Vocabulary: eyelash
(once / 2844 pages)
n
An eyelash is a hair that grows from your top or bottom eyelid. Try batting or fluttering your eyelashes to get attention. You'll either get what you want or look silly, or both.
Eyelashes are small, usually dark and curved, and having plenty of long, lush eyelashes is considered attractive in everyone, male or female. The combination of your blinking eyelids and the fringe of eyelashes helps keep small particles out of your eyes — and eyelashes are sensitive in a similar way to a cat's whiskers, so that your eyes will shut reflexively when some object comes too close.
WORD FAMILY
eyelash: eyelashes
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ten years ago, it was fake eyelashes, fake tan, fake cleavage.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
In a consciousness test, a prison officer says the inmate’s name, brushes his eyelashes and then pinches his left arm.
Time(Dec 09, 2016)
The company got its start in 1950 as a drugstore that sold false eyelashes to showgirls, and still offers over 70 different types.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 睫毛
分布：睫毛(100%)
noun countable
 ADVANCED
■any of the short hairs which grow along the edges of the eye 睫毛
• long eyelashes 长长的睫毛
• false eyelashes 假睫毛
n. 睫毛
 - ciliature, eyewinker

Word: eyre
Front: eyre
[eə] (-/16760)
Back: n. 巡回，巡回法院
分布：巡回法院(100%)
n. 巡回法院，巡回
 - circuit, itinerancy

Word: encephalopathy
Front: encephalopathy
[enˌsefəˈlɒpəθi] (30359/28645)
Back: n. 脑病
分布：名词(100%)
n. [内科] 脑病
 - cerebropathy

Word: fairway
Front: fairway
[ˈfeəweɪ] (9430/13315 -1)
Vocabulary: fairway
(once / 4652 pages)
1n 2n
The fairway is part of a golf course, close to the tee. A fairway provides golfers with the easiest surface for hitting the ball.
A golf course fairway is distinguished by its short, even grass and location between the tee and the green. It's a fairly simple area from which to hit the ball. Another meaning of fairway shares this easy, effortless quality: a regular, well-known course that a ship takes through the water. In the 1580s, fairway was used to mean "navigational channel of a river," and it gained the golfing sense at the end of the 19th century.
WORD FAMILY
fairway: fairways
USAGE EXAMPLES
Though he averaged more than 300 yards off the tee, Walker ranked 183rd in driving accuracy, hitting 48 percent of his fairways.
Golf Digest(Jan 02, 2017)
And he was fortified by “Arnie’s Army,” his band of volunteers, ready at all times for the commander to walk the fairway.
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
On the previous hole, he was just off the green when he chose to putt with a fairway metal.
Seattle Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: n. 航路; 水上跑道; （高尔夫球场上的）平坦球道
分布：航路(67%)，开阔的通道(33%)
→原指适于船只航行的好的河道，后用于高尔夫名词。
US ['fer-] specialized
noun countable
■in golf, the area of short grass between the tee (= place where you first hit the ball) and the green (= place where the ball should enter a hole) （高尔夫球场上的）平坦球道
• He completely missed the fairway from his tee shot, and his ball ended up in the bushes. 他开球完全偏离球道，球最后落进了灌木丛。
n. 航路；水上飞机升降用的水面跑道；（高尔夫球场上的）平坦球道
 - water-way

Word: featureless
Front: featureless
[ˈfi:tʃələs] (19329/19136)
Back: adj. 无特色的，平凡的
分布：无特色的(58%)，平凡的(42%)
US [-tʃɚ-] adjective
■looking the same in every part, usually in a way that most people consider to be boring 无特色的；平淡无奇的
• a featureless desert 单调的沙漠景观
• a grey featureless landscape 平淡无奇的灰色地貌
adj. 无特色的
 - indistinctive

Word: fiend
Front: fiend
[fi:nd] (宝 19784/21128)
Vocabulary: fiend
(once / 624 pages)
1n 2n
A fiend is a person or monster who has evil plans in their mind. They may try to steal your soul, or perhaps just want to hurt your feelings. Either way, fiends never mean you well.
The Old English root word for fiend translates to “an enemy, the devil, a demon”: three cruel characters that would delight in causing you harm. Watch out for fiends like them. A less wicked type of fiend is one who loves something so much that it’s scary, like a sugar-addicted jelly bean fiend, or a snowboarding fiend. Fiend is a good example of the “i before e except after c” rule, so follow that and you’ll always spell it right.
WORD FAMILY
fiend: fiendish, fiends+/ fiendish: fiendishly
USAGE EXAMPLES
No word in high school for that, because to be a fiend is to be beyond shame.
The New Yorker(Dec 27, 2016)
In this story, Moriarty formulates an elaborate jewel heist requiring — the ingenious fiend! — “six dwarfs, a bald man with a stoop, and an airship.”
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
He plays the underdog to a T, bumbling, put upon, kicking his heels in the streets as these fiends enjoy his central heating.
The Guardian(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: n. 恶魔; 魔鬼; …迷; …狂
adj. 魔鬼似的
分布：魔鬼(78%)，邪神(22%)
→来自peig, 狡猾的，敌对的，坏心眼的，词源同foe, feud.
【源】原指：撒旦（堕落天使的领袖）：上帝和人类邪恶的敌人。
【记】friend（n 朋友）不会是fiend
【参】fiendish（adj 恶魔似的；极坏的）
noun countable
■an evil and cruel person 恶魔般的人；残忍的人
• He was portrayed in the media as a complete fiend. 他被媒体描绘成一个十足的恶魔。
■someone who likes something very much or is very interested in something …迷；…狂
• a health/sex/chocolate fiend 健身爱好者／色魔／疯狂喜爱巧克力的人
• McCormack is a fiend for punctuality. 麦考梅克极其守时。
n. 魔鬼；能手；成癖者
 - expert, devil, demon, dickens

Word: farsighted
Front: farsighted
['fɑ:'saɪtɪd] (25052/45052)
Back: adj. 有远见的; 目光如炬; 有先见之明
分布：远视的(50%)，有先见之明的(50%)
adj. 有远见的；能看到远处的
 - forward-looking, sagacious

Word: fastener
Front: fastener
[ˈfɑ:snə(r)] (六 16956/22292)
Back: n. 紧固件; 钮扣; 钮扣; 使系牢之物
分布：扣件(78%)，纽扣(9%)，结扎者(9%)，=fastening.(4%)
US ['fæs.ən.ɚ] noun countable
■a button, zip or other device for temporarily joining together the parts of things such as clothes 钮扣；拉链；扣件
n. 扣件；钮扣；按钮；使系牢之物
 - button, pushbutton

Word: fireplace
Front: fireplace
[ˈfaɪəpleɪs] (高研六 5530/6692 -1)
Back: n. 壁炉
分布：壁炉(100%)
n.壁炉He is reading beside the fireplace.他在壁炉边读书.
US ['faɪr-] noun countable
■a space in the wall of a room for a fire to burn in, or the decorated part which surrounds this space 壁炉；火炉
• She swept the ashes from the fireplace. 她把壁炉的灰烬扫掉。
n. [建] 壁炉
 - andiron, chimney place

Word: flipper
Front: flipper
[ˈflɪpə(r)] (18376/25713)
Back: n. （用于游泳或潜水的）脚蹼，鸭脚板
adj. [口语]无礼的，轻率的，油腔滑调的( flip的比较级 ); 冒失的，鲁莽的
分布：鳍状肢(64%)，脚蹼(36%)
→来自flip, 翻转，翻动。用来指海洋动物的鳍足或潜水员使用的脚蹼。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
PART OF CREATURE 生物部位
■one of two parts like arms of particular sea creatures, such as seals and penguins , used for swimming （海豹、企鹅等海洋生物用来游泳的）鳍肢，鳍足
UK ['flɪp.ər] US [-ɚ] noun countable
SHOE 鞋 (US also fin)
■a type of large flat rubber shoe, used for swimming, especially under water （尤指潜水用的）橡皮脚掌，脚蹼，鸭脚板，蛙鞋
n. [脊椎] 鳍状肢；鳍；烤饼；胖听罐头
 - fin, fim
adj. 无礼的
 - rude, impolite

Word: foetus
Front: foetus
[ˈfi:təs] (45094/15199 -1)
Back: n. 胎儿
分布：胎儿(81%)，胚胎(19%)
→来自fetus的拼写变体。
US [-tˌəs] noun countable
■a young human being or animal before birth, after the organs have started to develop 胎儿，胎
n. 胎儿
 - fetus, homunculi

Word: forgettable
Front: forgettable
[fəˈgetəbl] (21932/34087)
Back: adj. 容易被忘的，可忘记的
分布：可忘记的(50%)，容易被忘的(50%)
US [fɚ'getˌ-] adjective
■not important or good enough to be remembered 易被忘记的，易被遗忘的
• a forgettable film/song 易被遗忘的影片／歌曲
• Dennis White scored the only goal in an otherwise forgettable match. 邓尼斯‧怀特射进了原本平淡无奇的比赛中的唯一一个进球。

Word: flowery
Front: flowery
[ˈflaʊəri] (18620/19101)
Vocabulary: flowery
(once / 1870 pages)
1adj 2adj
Something flowery either looks, smells, or feels like flowers. You might wear flowery perfume or write a flowery poem starting with "Roses are red..." However, flowery is not a compliment when it comes to writing.
If a blanket has a lot of pictures of flowers on it, it's flowery. If a scent reminds you of flowers, it's flowery. Flowery things make you think of flowers in some way. Also, flowery things are full of intricate details, maybe a little too full of them. A flowery speech might have many figures of speech but very little content. A flowery building design has lots of little touches and details. Flowery can mean something close to ornate.
WORD FAMILY
flowery: flowerily+/ florist: florists/ flower: florist, flowered, flowering, flowerless, flowers, flowery /flowering: flowerings, nonflowering
USAGE EXAMPLES
They abandoned their flowery clothes, embraced denim and T-shirts and settled down to a more traditional style of rock.
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
There are plenty of heated moments and flowery phrases that glaze over their nights together, but this isn’t that kind of book.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Beth, as conventionally feminine as her flowery luggage, is attentively accommodating.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 用花装饰的; <贬>（说话或作品）辞藻华丽的
分布：多花的(56%)，似花的(22%)，辞藻华丽的(22%)
US ['flaʊ.ɚ.i] adjective
FLOWERS 花 (also flowered)
■decorated with pictures of flowers 用花制作的；饰以花卉图案的
• a flowery material/dress 饰有花卉图案的布料／连衣裙
• flowery curtains/wallpaper 花窗帘／墙纸
UK ['flaʊ.ə.ri] US ['flaʊ.ɚ.i] adjective
WORDS 文字 disapproving
■If a speech or writing style is flowery, it uses too many complicated words or phrases in an attempt to sound skilful （言语或文字）过分华丽的，华而不实的
• a flowery description/speech 措词华丽的描写／讲话
adj. 花的；华丽的；绚丽的；多花的
 - magnificent, brave, floral, gorgeous

Word: gnarled
Front: gnarled
[nɑ:ld] (宝 15383/21937)
Vocabulary: gnarled
(once / 3285 pages)
adj
You’ve probably heard the word "gnarly" used to describe something really awesome. But gnarled means rugged, roughened and knotty, like the hands of an old wood carver, as well as the wood he carves.
We owe the adjective gnarled and other forms of the word to our friend Shakespeare, who created it in 1603. In “Measure for Measure,” he writes, “Thy sharpe and sulpherous bolt splits the un-wedgable and gnarled oak.” But gnarled didn't come into use again until the 19th century. In any case, word experts believe it's related to the Middle English word knar which means “knot in wood.”
WORD FAMILY
gnarl: gnarled, gnarling, gnarls, gnarly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Garden Square Apartments across the street were a gnarled mess, including the Rogerses’ apartment.
Washington Times(Dec 03, 2016)
A row of purple bougainvillea, cut smooth and straight as a buffet table, separated the gnarled trees from the driveway.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
He carried an old briefcase on his lap and his gnarled, big-knuckled fingers lay entwined on the cracked fake leather.
Salon(Oct 29, 2016)
Back: adj. （树、树干、树枝）扭曲的; 多瘤的; 多节的; （手、手指）粗糙的
分布：粗糙的(78%)，树木多瘤节的(11%)，动词gnarl的过去式和过去分词形式.(11%)
→来自辅音丛gn, 节，块，疙瘩，词源同knot, knoll.
【记】来自knar（n 木节：树上或木头中的结或树瘤）源于knot（n 绳等的结；树的节v 打结）
US [nɑ:rld] adjective
■rough and twisted, especially because of old age or no protection from bad weather （尤指因为年老或坏天气的侵害而）粗糙的，扭曲的
• a gnarled tree trunk 粗糙的树干
• The old man drew a long gnarled finger across his throat. 老人伸出一根扭曲变形的长手指摸了一下喉咙。
adj. [木] 多节的；粗糙的；多瘤的
 - crude, rough, coarse, harsh

Word: frazzled
Front: frazzled
[ˈfræzld] (26990/46873)
Back: adj. 穿破了的，疲惫的
v. （使）磨损，（使）疲惫( frazzle的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：疲惫的(63%)，穿破了的(23%)，易怒的(7%)，动词frazzle的过去式和过去分词形式.(7%)
adjective
TIRED 累的 informal
■extremely tired in a nervous or slightly worried way after a lot of mental or physical effort 筋疲力尽的，疲惫不堪的
• I've had a stressful day at work and it's left me feeling a bit frazzled. 我今天工作很紧张，感到有些疲惫不堪。
['fræz.ld] adjective
BURNED 燃烧过的 UK informal
■burned or dried out after being in the sun or cooking for too long 烧焦的；烤干的
• I'd only been in the sun a couple of hours and my back was frazzled. 我才在太阳下晒了几个小时，后背就快晒焦了。
• By the time I remembered about the meat it was frazzled. 等我想起来的时候，肉已经烤焦了。
adj. 疲惫的；穿破了的
 - exhausted, worn to a frazzle

Word: freeloader
Front: freeloader
[ˈfri:ləʊdə(r)] (32204/-)
Vocabulary: freeloader
(once / 123118 pages)
n
A freeloader is a person who takes things from others without paying for them or giving anything in return. If you eat all of your friend's Pop-Tarts and play his video games but then refuse to help with his math homework, you're a freeloader.
The term freeloader is an informal word for someone who takes advantage of generous people, who expects to get things from them for nothing. Your cousin who comes to stay at your house for weeks without chipping in for rent or groceries — or even thanking you — is a freeloader. The word dates from around 1940, combining free in the sense of "without cost," and load, "put a burden or load on."
WORD FAMILY
freeloader: freeloaders+/freeload: freeloaded, freeloader, freeloading, freeloads
USAGE EXAMPLES
Until fairly recently our various microbes were thought of as freeloaders without any meaningful benefit to our functioning as healthy human beings.
Salon(Dec 24, 2016)
Mr. Trump has denounced Japan for decades as a trade and military freeloader.
New York Times(Nov 13, 2016)
The common cuckoo is by reputation a cynical freeloader.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 不速之客，揩油的人
分布：不速之客(59%)，吃白食的人(41%)
US [-ˌloʊ.dɚ] noun countable disapproving
■a person who uses money, food, a room in a house, etc. given by other people, but who gives nothing to them in exchange 吃白食的人，寄生虫
n. 不速之客；揩油的人
 - crasher uninvited guest, gate-crasher

Word: ginza

Word: geyser
Front: geyser
[ˈgi:zə(r)] (宝 16661/33646)
Vocabulary: geyser
(once / 5658 pages)
nv
A geyser is a spring that dramatically spews hot water and steam — Old Faithful in Yellowstone National Park is one of the most famous.
When a geyser explodes, hot water and steam shoot up out of the ground like some kind of crazy fountain. It's so amazing that people often use this word to describe things that remind them of geysers. If you suddenly make a lot of money, you hit a geyser. If someone is crying uncontrollably, that's a geyser of emotion. If you're writing quickly and well, it feels like a geyser of words. Anything powerfully flowing could be considered a geyser.
WORD FAMILY
geyser: geysered, geysering, geysers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Its visible geothermal features are nowhere near as striking as Yellowstone’s geysers and consist mainly of above-ground, pungent smelling sulphur springs.
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
The quake’s epicenter was 4 miles west of The Geysers and about 15 miles north of Healdsburg, the U.S.
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
A shallow magnitude 4.7 earthquake was reported Wednesday morning four miles from The Geysers, Calif., according to the U.S.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 间歇喷泉; （厨房、洗澡间的）煤气热水器[炉]
分布：间歇泉(91%)，天然热喷泉(9%)
→来自gheu, 喷涌，词源同foundry, gush.
【记】源自冰岛语盖瑟Geysir，冰岛西南的温泉的名字源于gush（v 涌出）gey＝gay（n 男同性恋）和ser＝sir（n 先生，阁下）在geyser里洗澡。
US ['gaɪ.zɚ] noun countable
■a hole in the ground from which hot water and steam are sent out 间歇喷泉
UK
■especially in the past, a device which uses gas to provide a house with hot water （特别是旧时）煤气热水器；热水锅炉
n. 喷泉； [水文] 间歇泉；（英）烧水锅炉
 - spouting fountain, fountain spring

Word: gainer
Front: gainer
['geɪnə] (26050/28285)
Back: n. 得利者，胜利者，获得者
分布：得利者(37%)，获得者(36%)，胜利者(27%)
n. 获得者，得利者；胜利者
 - winner, victor

Word: granular
Front: granular
[ˈgrænjələ(r)] (雅 20261/25651)
Vocabulary: granular
(once / 9227 pages)
adj
Something granular has a grainy texture. Granular sugar is the white kind you find in sugar bowls, and a sandy beach is very granular, too.
Anything that's made of tiny bits like sand or grain can be called granular. In fact, granular comes from the Latin word granum for "grain." Granular things can also be described as coarse and gritty. A smooth, shiny floor is the opposite of granular. When you see the word granular, think “grain of sand.” Or — “grain of sugar” if that’s more your style.
WORD FAMILY
granular: granularity, granularly, nongranular+/granularity: granularities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Trump described his wall’s particulars in atypically granular detail at an August, 2015, rally in New Hampshire.
The New Yorker(Dec 11, 2016)
Ms. Trottenberg said her department’s work was “very granular, block-by-block,” teaming with community boards and churches, for example, to understand their concerns about potential impact.
New York Times(Dec 10, 2016)
The message is the thematic umbrella — Clinton’s “Stronger Together” or Trump’s “Make America Great Again” — while the more difficult part is the granular policy agenda.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 颗粒状的
分布：粒状的(78%)，由小粒而成的(22%)
→来自grain, 颗粒。
颗粒状的(granul=grain颗粒)[-ar 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人,物"]
US [-jə.lɚ] adjective
■made of, or seeming like, granules 由颗粒构成的；颗粒状的
• a granular texture 粒状结构
adj. 颗粒的；粒状的
 - grainy

Word: hamster
Front: hamster
[ˈhæmstə(r)] (19151/16865)
Back: n. <动>仓鼠
分布：仓鼠(100%)
→词源不详。
US [-stɚ] noun countable
■a small animal covered in fur with a short tail and large spaces in each side of its mouth which are used for storing food. It is often kept as a pet. 仓鼠（常作宠物）
n. [脊椎] 仓鼠；仓鼠毛皮
 - cricetid

Word: harem
Front: harem
[ˈhɑ:ri:m] (17828/13087)
Vocabulary: harem
(once / 2336 pages)
n
A harem is the part of the house in traditional Muslim society reserved for women — either wives, servants, or concubines.
Technically a harem is just a living space for women in a society that tends to separate men and women, but when we use harem, we’re often using it in the sense of a room full of women that serve someone powerful, often in a sexual way. Harem can also be used to refer to any flock of doting, servile people that surround someone. A star musician might be surrounded by a harem of devoted fans...really devoted fans.
WORD FAMILY
harem: harems
USAGE EXAMPLES
Reference to the expression “harem” is gradually deleted, as though cleansing the past with an antiseptic of the present is good policy.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
At home, he was the ill-tempered master of a mini harem.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
He called them the “harem,” according to the complaint, and said they were having “affairs” and “trysts” with Livingston.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. （伊斯兰教徒的）女眷; 女眷居室，后宫
分布：一位男性的一群女性性伴侣(100%)
→来自阿拉伯语harama,禁地，保护所。引申词义妇女的内室或闺房。
noun countable
■especially in the past in some Muslim societies, the wives or other female sexual partners of a man, or the part of a house in which they live （尤指旧时伊斯兰教徒的）妻妾；（穆斯林住宅中的）闺阁，闺房
n. 为一个雄性动物所控制的许多雌性动物；闺房里的妻妾群；闺房（伊斯兰教教徒的）
 - boudoir, gynaecea

Word: goldfish
Front: goldfish
[ˈgəʊldfɪʃ] (高 16320/10625 -1)
Back: n. 金鱼
分布：金鱼(100%)
US ['goʊld-] (plural goldfish or goldfishes)
noun countable
■a small, shiny, gold or orange fish which is often kept as a pet in a bowl or garden pool 金鱼

Word: haptic
Front: haptic
[ˈhæptɪk] (32361/-)
Back: adj. 触觉的
分布：触觉的(100%)
→来自希腊语haptein,系牢，系紧，来自ap,抓住，达到，词源同apt,adept.引申词义触觉的。
adj. 触觉的
 - tactile

Word: guesthouse
Front: guesthouse
['gesthaʊs] (23479/33797)
Back: n. 上等旅社，宾馆
分布：宾馆(88%)，小型家庭旅馆(12%)
noun countable
■a small cheap hotel 小客栈；廉价客店

Word: herpes
Front: herpes
[ˈhɜ:pi:z] (17304/- -1)
Back: n. [医]疱疹
分布：疱疹(100%)
→来自希腊语herpein,爬行，蜿蜒，词源同serpent.用于指皮肤疾病疱疹，因呈圈状而得名。
US ['hɝ:-] noun uncountable
■an infectious disease which causes painful red spots to appear on the skin, especially on the lips or sexual organs 疱疹
n. [皮肤] 疱疹
 - bleb

Word: hexagonal
Front: hexagonal
[heks'æɡənl] (22555/20067)
Back: adj. 六角形的，六边形的; 六方
分布：六角形的(70%)，六边的(20%)，底面为六角的(10%)

Word: humanise
Front: humanise
['hju:mənaɪz] (-/37917)
Back: v. <主英>赋予人性; 使通人情; 变为有人性; 变为有情
时态：humanised, humanising, humanises
分布：赋予人性(100%)

Word: hispaniola

Word: hovel
Front: hovel
[ˈhɒvl] (宝 23775/21716)
Vocabulary: hovel
(once / 2216 pages)
n
A hovel is a small shed or dwelling, often messy, cramped, and crudely built, such as a shelter in a refugee camp — or possibly your apartment if you have too much stuff and not enough time to clean.
The word hovel was used in the fifteenth century to describe a shed used for animals, and by the seventeenth century the word had taken on its current usage as a way to describe a crude human dwelling — though the connotation of a messiness associated with animals still remains. The word can be used literally to describe something that is a ramshackle shack, but you’ll also hear it used with wry humor to describe a person’s modest living quarters: “Well, I’m off to my hovel to get some sleep.”
WORD FAMILY
hovel: hovelling, hovels
USAGE EXAMPLES
We’ve been into Maggy the Frog’s hovel in the woods, and returned with visions of five future Sunday night viewing scenarios.
The Guardian(Nov 18, 2016)
It hurled stubbles of weed everywhere, lifted kites flown from the roofs of mud hovels.
Khaled Hosseini, A Thousand Splendid Suns(2007)
To call her home a “wattle hovel” would be generous, since it looks like it might collapse on her family at any moment.
Salon(Oct 23, 2016)
Back: n. 不适宜居住的小屋
分布：不适宜居住的小屋(34%)，家畜小屋(33%)，杂物间(33%)
→来自古英语hof,围栏，居住地，屋子，来自Proto--Germanic*hufa,小山，农庄，来自keup,弯，转，词源同hive,cubicle,cooper.引申词义简陋的住所。
【记】读：好味儿－又臭又脏的小屋
US ['hɑ:.vəl] noun countable
■a small home which is dirty and in bad condition 破败的小屋；肮脏简陋的住所
n. 小屋；栅舍；茅舍
 - shed, cottage, cabin

Word: incontrovertible
Front: incontrovertible
[ˌɪnkɒntrəˈvɜ:təbl] (宝 24368/22685)
Vocabulary: incontrovertible
(once / 7710 pages)
adj
When something is incontrovertible, it is undeniably, absolutely, 100 percent, completely true. That rain is wet is an incontrovertible fact.
If you look at incontrovertible, you see that -controver-, as in controversy, is hiding inside. Add in the prefix, and it's easy to see that incontrovertible means there is no controversy about something, or, in other words, it is unchangeable and true. Incontrovertible evidence or proof is what you are looking for if you suspect that someone is doing something wrong.
WORD FAMILY
incontrovertible: incontrovertibility, incontrovertibleness, incontrovertibly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her allure remained intact and incontrovertible, especially as she spoke about “Port of Shadows” and its enduring mystique.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
More than 60 percent understand the incontrovertible science that shows climate change is caused largely by human activities.
Seattle Times(Nov 28, 2016)
They cover the contested accusations against Mr. Trump endlessly while almost completely ignoring the raft of incontrovertible scandals revealed by the WikiLeaks document dump.
Washington Times(Oct 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 无可辩驳的，不容置疑的; 无可争辩
分布：不容置疑的(56%)，无可辩驳的(44%)
→in-,不，非，controvertible,有矛盾的，有争议的。
不容争论的(in不+controvervtt反驳+ible→不容反驳的)[ver,ert=turn,表示"转"]
【记】controvert（v 议论；辩论）
【反】controvert（v 议论；辩论）－substantiate（v 证实）
US [-ˌkɑ:n.trə'vɝ:.tˌə-] formal
adjective
■impossible to doubt because of being obviously true 不容置疑的；无可辩驳的
• incontrovertible proof/evidence 无可辩驳的证据
• Her logic is utterly incontrovertible. 她的逻辑无懈可击。
adj. 无可争议的；无疑的；明白的
 - certain, evident

Word: inbuilt
Front: inbuilt
[ˈɪnbɪlt] (-/18991)
Back: adj. 嵌入的，内藏的
分布：嵌入的(47%)，固有的(23%)，内装的(15%)，嵌入的橱柜(15%)
→in-,进入，使，内部，built,建造。即内部建造的，引申词义内在的。
adj. 内置的；内藏的；嵌入的
 - included, inserted

Word: illy

Word: hydride
Front: hydride
['haɪdraɪd] (35108/-)
Back: n. 氢化物
分布：名词(100%)

Word: kamchatka

Word: infernal
Front: infernal
[ɪnˈfɜ:nl] (宝 21105/32951)
Vocabulary: infernal
(once / 768 pages)
1adjn 2adj
Things that come from Hell, or seem like they do, are infernal. If your father tells you to stop listening to that infernal music, he thinks your tunes are hellish on the ears.
The word infernal comes from infernus, the Latin word for underground. A related word is inferno which means a really big fire, the kind that you might find in Hell. Although it might be used to describe something really hot or something evil, infernal is usually used when someone is complaining about something they really don't like such as the infernal dog next door that keeps barking.
WORD FAMILY
infernal: infernally, infernals+/ inferno: infernal, infernos
USAGE EXAMPLES
I could go on, but is anyone really craving more references to this infernal election?
New York Times(Oct 30, 2016)
As soon as the courtly old gent picks up the infernal scalpel, he assumes the appearance of a hideously deformed fiend.
Slate(Oct 28, 2016)
Giger’s visions of hellish monstrosities gave the original slasher in space an enduring veneer of infernal threat, of unspeakable things from cursed netherworlds.
The Guardian(Oct 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 地狱的; 阴间的; 地狱似的; <口>可恨的
分布：地狱的(66%)，恶魔似的(23%)，极度的(11%)
→来自拉丁语infra,在下面的，低的，词源同netherworld.引申词义地狱，即地狱的，坏透的。
【记】infem（低），al一低的地方一地狱的
【参】inferior（低下的）
US [-'fɝ:-] adjective
[before noun] old-fashioned
■very bad or unpleasant 坏透的，可恶的；烦人的
• What an infernal noise ! 多么可恶的噪音！
■having the qualities of hell (= place to which bad people go after death) 地狱的；地狱般的
• He described a journey through the infernal world. 他描述了穿越炼狱的历程。
adj. 地狱的；恶魔的；可憎的
 - hellish, Tartarean

Word: kat
Front: kat
[kɑ:t] (-/42276)
Back: n. 阿拉伯茶（产于非洲和阿拉伯）
分布：=khat.(100%)
n. 阿拉伯茶（等于khat）
 - khat

Word: jingoistic
Front: jingoistic
[ˌdʒɪŋɡəʊ'ɪstɪk] (31002/39383)
Vocabulary: jingoistic
(once / 101891 pages)
adj
If your car sports a bumper sticker that reads, "my country, right or wrong," you might be accused of being jingoistic, or of taking your love for your country way too far.
The line between patriotic and jingoistic can sometimes seem vague and confusing. Both adjectives describe a devotion to one's country, but jingoistic implies a fanatical allegiance that goes beyond pride, and often includes aggression toward other countries. The word jingo, "mindless, gung-ho patriot," arose from a popular 1878 song that praised Britain's warlike stance toward Russia at the time, and came into American use in the 1890s during the Spanish-American war.
WORD FAMILY
jingoistic: jingoistically+/ jingoism: jingoisms, jingoist, jingoistic / jingoist: jingoists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Such jingoistic rhetoric is especially painful and adds insult to injury for the families of the victims.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
After 9/11, she said, a wave of jingoistic shooter games typecast Arab characters as terrorists.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Many of these national anthems strike me as mere tools for nascent jingoistic dominions.
Time(Oct 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 强硬外交政策的，侵略分子的
分布：侵略分子的(50%)，强硬外交政策的(50%)

Word: jailhouse
Front: jailhouse
[ˈdʒeɪlhaʊs] (20399/42044)
Back: n. 监狱
分布：监狱(100%)
n. [法] 监狱
 - prison, big house, slammer, correctional facility

Word: keypad
Front: keypad
[ˈki:pæd] (19040/34470)
Back: n. 键区
分布：名词(100%)
→key,键盘，pad,衬垫，面板。引申词义电话按键。
noun countable
■a small set of keys with numbers on them used to operate a television, telephone, calculator , etc., or the keys with numbers on them usually found on the right side of a computer keyboard （电视、电话、计算机等的）数字小键盘；（电脑键盘右侧的）辅助键盘
n. 按键；小型键盘
 - keystoke, key-press

Word: kinsman
Front: kinsman
[ˈkɪnzmən] (21885/16322)
Vocabulary: kinsman
(once / 734 pages)
n
Your kinsman is your family member — someone who's related to you. Even if you don't know your second cousin very well, he's still your kinsman.
The noun kinsman can refer to any blood relation or ancestor, especially those who are male. You can also use kinswoman to talk about female relatives. The word is a formal one that you might come across in an anthropology textbook or a family history: "The first kinsman to leave England came on the Mayflower." Kinsman comes in part from kin, with its Old English root cynn, or "family."
WORD FAMILY
kinsman: kinsmen
USAGE EXAMPLES
Prosecutors a year later said there wasn’t enough evidence to win a conviction and there were gaps in Kinsman’s story.
The Guardian(Dec 15, 2016)
Prosecutors said there wasn’t enough evidence to win a conviction and there were gaps in Kinsman’s story.
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
How to create a big easy breakfast and brunch cocktails for a crowd and hosting etiquette with Kat Kinsman and Margaret Eby.
Time(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. 家属，亲属
分布：男亲戚(100%)
['kɪnz.mən] formal or old use
noun countable
■someone who belongs to the same family 家属；亲属；亲戚

Word: lemonade
Front: lemonade
[ˌleməˈneɪd] (中高 11562/15571 -1)
Back: n. 柠檬汽水; 一杯（或一瓶）柠檬饮料
分布：柠檬水(100%)
→来自lemon,柠檬。
柠檬水(lemon柠檬)[-ade表名词1.表示"状态,物品"2.表示"个人或集体"]
noun uncountable
 ADVANCED UK
■a cold sweet fizzy (= with bubbles) drink with a lemon flavour 柠檬汽水
mainly US
■a drink made with the juice of lemons, water and sugar 柠檬水
n. 柠檬水
 - lemon squash

Word: ledge
Front: ledge
[ledʒ] (托 8316/8884 -1)
Back: n. 壁架; 暗礁; 矿脉
分布：壁架(52%)，暗礁(21%)，架状突出物(15%)，岩脊(12%)
→来自legh,放置，词源同lay,lager,插入字母d.引申词义放置的窗台，壁架。
noun countable
■a narrow shelf which sticks out from a vertical surface 壁架，横档
n. [家具] 壁架；突出之部份；暗礁；矿层
 - covers, rock

Word: labourite

Word: larceny
Front: larceny
[ˈlɑ:səni] (21379/28259)
Vocabulary: larceny
(once / 5460 pages)
n
Larceny is the legal term for stealing. Grand larceny is when you take something worth a lot of money, petty larceny when the stolen item is worth relatively little.
Larceny is used when talking about stealing someone's property in regards to the law. If you illegally download music or plagiarize a text, that may be theft, but it is not larceny because there was no physical property involved. If you take a friend's yoyo and don't give it back, it's stealing — unless your friend calls the police and has you arrested on charges of larceny.
WORD FAMILY
larceny: larcener, larcenies, larcenist+/larcener: larceners/larcenist: larcenists
USAGE EXAMPLES
And he noted the support that precinct squads got from centralized units focusing on robberies, gangs or grand larcenies, for example.
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
The Burlington woman pleaded guilty to Medicaid false claims, false claims to public agency, larceny, and unlicensed practice of psychology.
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Chodkowski pleaded guilty in Erie County Court in Buffalo Friday to attempted grand larceny.
Washington Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: n. 盗窃（罪）
分布：名词(100%)
→来自古法语larcin,偷盗，抢劫，来自拉丁语latro,付钱，雇佣的打手，抢劫，词源同idolatry.
US ['lɑ:r-] legal
noun countable or uncountable
■stealing, especially (in the US) the crime of taking something that does not belong to you, without getting illegally into a building to do so 盗窃罪；（尤指美国的非入室）偷盗，盗窃
n. 盗窃；盗窃罪
 - theft, ripoff

Word: lackadaisical
Front: lackadaisical
[ˌlækəˈdeɪzɪkl] (宝 28654/39378)
Vocabulary: lackadaisical
(once / 18073 pages)
adj
Even though lackadaisical sounds like it has something to do with a shortage of daisies, know that what it really means is lacking in spirit or liveliness.
A person with a lackadaisical attitude shows no enthusiasm and puts forth a half-hearted effort. But it's more of a dreamy, laid back approach rather than sheer laziness. This funny-sounding adjective came about in the eighteenth century from the interjection lackaday, which was an old fashioned way of saying "oh man!" or "unfortunately."
WORD FAMILY
lackadaisical: lackadaisically
USAGE EXAMPLES
My parents were pretty lackadaisical about my summer job in high school.
New York Times(Nov 25, 2016)
“I often received lackadaisical and rude responses to my requests for information,” Schronce wrote.
Washington Post(Nov 17, 2016)
But in this election, divisiveness was rendered even more troubling by a creeping nihilism that made our collective behavior both more lackadaisical and more unhinged.
The New Yorker(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 无精打采的，不决断的，不热心的
adv. 无精打采地，不决断地，不热心地
分布：无精打采的(71%)，懒散的(29%)
→来自短语lack a day ,来自alack the day, 哀伤的一天，alack,感伤，哀伤。引申词义无精打采的，没精神的。
【记】lack缺少，a，dai袋，sical－缺少一袋薯条－使人无精打采的
【参】lackey（n 侍从；谄媚者）lack＋key＝没有钥匙的人
[ˌlæk.ə'deɪ.zɪ.kəl] formal
adjective
■showing little enthusiasm and effort 无精打采的，萎靡不振的，不热心的
• The food was nice enough but the service was rather lackadaisical. 这里的饭菜不错但服务不够殷勤。
adj. 懒洋洋的；无精打采的；伤感的
 - lazy, downhearted

Word: lentil
Front: lentil
[ˈlentl] (-/22927 -1)
Back: n. 小扁豆; 小扁豆植株
分布：扁豆(100%)
→来自拉丁语lens,豆荚，豆子。
US [-tˌəl] noun countable
■a very small dried bean that is cooked and eaten 小扁豆，兵豆
• lentil soup 扁豆汤
• red/green/brown lentils 红／绿／棕色兵豆

Word: leper
Front: leper
[ˈlepə(r)] (17715/20235)
Vocabulary: leper
(once / 2312 pages)
n
A leper suffers from a revolting skin disease called leprosy. And, if you are treated like a leper, that means people stay away from you as if you are capable of spreading such a horrible disease.
You can use the noun leper in two ways: first, to describe someone who is shunned by others. These days many cigarette smokers complain that they feel like lepers, for example. Leper is also a medical term for a person who has a disease called leprosy, a serious bacterial illness that results in sores and lesions on the skin. The Greek root word is lepros, "scaly," which describes the appearance of a leper's skin.
WORD FAMILY
leper: lepers
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I’m tagged with a liberal label as one would once, in the Middle Ages, paint crosses on the doors of lepers,” he said.
The Guardian(Nov 20, 2016)
The court recently said Michigan is illegally treating many sex offenders as “moral lepers” by putting additional restrictions on them long after their convictions.
Washington Times(Sep 14, 2016)
Common misconceptions are reinforced by outdated and discriminatory laws like the 1898 Lepers Act brought in during the British rule.
BBC(Sep 11, 2016)
Back: n. 麻风病患者; （由于道德和社会原因）别人避之唯恐不及的人
分布：麻风病患者(78%)，被排斥或摈弃的人(22%)
→来自拉丁语lepra,麻风，词源同leaf.委婉语，因这种病症皮肤如同小叶片而得名。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a person who has leprosy 麻疯病人
■a person who is strongly disliked and avoided by other people because of something bad that he or she has done 不受欢迎的人，令人厌恶的人
• She claimed that the rumours had made her a social leper. 她声称谣言使她在社会交往中成了一个不受欢迎的人。

Word: liquidator
Front: liquidator
[ˈlɪkwɪdeɪtə(r)] (37763/13186)
Back: n. （公司债务）清算人
分布：清算人(100%)
→来自liquidate,使清算，使清偿。
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable
■one of the people in charge of closing a company 清算人，清盘人
n. [法] 清算人；公司资产清理人
 - reckoner

Word: locky

Word: mailbox
Front: mailbox
[ˈmeɪlbɒks] (高 9004/35234 -1)
Back: n. 邮筒; 信箱
分布：邮箱(93%)，邮筒(7%)
US [-bɑ:ks] noun countable
■in the US, a box outside a person's house where letters are put, or a postbox （美国私人住宅外的）信箱；邮筒，邮箱
n. 邮箱； [邮] 邮筒
 - postbox, self-mailer

Word: marquis
Front: marquis
[ˈmɑ:kwɪs] (22652/12636 -1)
Back: n. 侯爵; 世袭贵族
分布：侯爵(98%)，=marquess.(2%)
→来自marquess,来自古法语marchis,边境管理者，封疆大吏，来自拉丁语marca,边界，国界线，词源同mark,margin.后仅作为一种贵族称号。
US ['mɑ:r-] noun countable
■(the title of) a British man of high social rank, between a duke and an earl （英国的）侯爵（介于公爵与伯爵之间）
• the Marquis of Blandford 布兰福德侯爵
n. （法）侯爵；世袭贵族（等于marquess）
 - margrave

Word: maltreatment
Front: maltreatment
[ˌmæl'tri:tmənt] (21437/36842)
Vocabulary: maltreatment
(once / 26266 pages)
n
Maltreatment is what happens when a person (or animal) is abused or deliberately harmed. If you are concerned with the maltreatment of animals, circuses probably disturb you.
In the old days, some schoolchildren experienced maltreatment at the hands of their teachers, and while it happens less often today, many of them still deal with the maltreatment of playground bullies. Maltreatment of animals has been documented at large factory farms, and laws have been passed to protect them. Maltreatment adds the mal- prefix, meaning "badly," to treatment, "conduct toward someone."
WORD FAMILY
maltreatment: maltreatments+/maltreat: maltreated, maltreater, maltreating, maltreatment, maltreats/maltreater: maltreaters
USAGE EXAMPLES
The abuse or maltreatment of children is against the law.
Washington Times(Dec 14, 2016)
The report says all of the maltreatment deaths were preventable and that 301 of the 768 overall child deaths could have been prevented.
Washington Times(Nov 16, 2016)
A 2013 study of U.S. data suggested that only STDs, rather than all infectious diseases, affected behavior like interpersonal violence, child maltreatment and religious adherence.
Washington Post(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: n. 虐待，粗暴对待; 打骂
分布：虐待(100%)
n. 虐待；粗暴对待
 - punishment, abuse

Word: matric
Front: matric
[məˈtrɪk] None
Back: n. 大学入学许可
分布：大学入学许可(100%)

Word: marmoset
Front: marmoset
[ˈmɑ:məzet] (42226/43673)
Back: n. 绒（美洲产小型长尾猴）; 狨
分布：小猿(100%)
→栖于中南美洲的小长尾猴。来自古法语marmoset,小丑，弄臣，怪异的长相，来自marmotter,嘀咕，咕哝，拟声词。可能是因为这种猴子长相怪异而借用该古法语词来命名。
US ['mɑ:r-] noun countable
■a very small monkey from the tropical forests of South and Central America which has large eyes, thick fur, a long tail covered in hair and long curved and pointed nails 狨（产于中南美洲热带雨林中的一种非常小的猴子）

Word: millenarian
Front: millenarian
[ˌmɪlɪˈneəriən] (35190/41051)
Vocabulary: millenarian
(once / 72069 pages)
adjn
Anything millenarian relates to the Christian idea that the Second Coming of Jesus Christ will bring 1000 years of peace and joy.
A millennium is a thousand years, so anything millenarian relates to one thousand years — but not any thousand years. This is a specifically Christian concept relating to the Second Coming of Jesus Christ. In some sects of the Christian religion, it's believed that the return of Jesus will lead an amazing new era that will last a thousand years. These are millenarian ideas, and they're part of millenarian theology. A novel based on these ideas could be called millenarian fiction.
WORD FAMILY
millenarian: millenarianism, millenarians+/bimillennium: bimillenial/millennial: millennially, postmillennial/ millennium: bimillennium, millenarian, millennia, millennial, millenniumism, millenniums
USAGE EXAMPLES
Far more important, on millenarian websites, Trump emerges as the mysterious weapon that God is now wielding to bring the righteous closer to the rapture.
Salon(Oct 16, 2016)
Mr. Trump rightly sees an ideological war being waged against the West by a hateful, millenarian obsession targeting core American constitutional and philosophical principles.
Wall Street Journal(Aug 21, 2016)
We appear to accept the proposition that this utopian, millenarian faith describes a neutral force; a kind of biological law, like Darwin’s theory of evolution.
The Guardian(Apr 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 一千年的
分布：千禧年的(60%)，千年的(20%)，相信太平盛世会来临的人(20%)
→笃信未来基督再临地球时会出现太平盛世的信徒。来自millennium,千禧年，-arian,人。

Word: meltwater
Front: meltwater
['meltˌwɔ:tə] (34578/-)
Back: n. 冰雪融化成的水，冰河融化后的水
分布：融水(100%)

Word: melamine
Front: melamine
[ˈmeləmi:n] (38737/37815)
Back: n. 三聚氰胺
分布：三聚氰胺(100%)
n. 三聚氰胺， [有化] 蜜胺
 - tripolycyanamide, cyanuramide

Word: memorise
Front: memorise
['meməraɪz] (雅 -/18986)
Back: vt. 记住，熟记
时态：memorised, memorising, memorises
分布：记住(72%)，熟记(14%)，存储(14%)
记住(memor记忆)[-ise 1.表动词后缀,和-ize相同,是-ize的变体,"…化"2.表名词"物品,状态"]
vt. （英）记忆；存储（等于memorize）
 - stock up on, to store

Word: medley
Front: medley
[ˈmedli] (宝 13930/19279 -1)
Vocabulary: medley
(once / 2423 pages)
n
If you can't decide which of three songs to play, why not play a medley? A medley is one piece of music, made up of passages from other songs.
Medley comes from the Old French word medlee which meant — eek! — hand-to-hand combat. There are times, like when watching the Academy Awards, that a really long medley accompanied by, say, mimes, might make you want to engage in battle, but a better way to remember this word is that it is related to the word, meddle, which means to get mixed up in someone's business.
WORD FAMILY
medley: medleys
USAGE EXAMPLES
Wainwright will perform a medley of three songs from that album as part of L.A.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Then a mixture of garlic, dried chilli, white vinegar and sesame oil medley is added.
Time(Dec 06, 2016)
Sheryl Crow was next with a medley of “Fire and Rain” and “Your Smiling Face.”
Washington Post(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: n. 混杂物，混合物; 杂录; [体]混合径赛; 混战
adj. 混合的，混杂的; 拼凑的
分布：混杂(60%)，混杂的(40%)
→来自古法语medlee,混乱，混战，来自拉丁语misculare,混合，搅拌，词源同mix,meddle.后引申词义混成曲。
混合(品)[medl=mic(混合)]
【记】源于：meddle（v 干涉，乱弄）
noun countable
MIXTURE 混合物
■a mixture of different things, especially tunes put together to form a longer piece of music 混合物，混杂物；（尤指）集成曲，混成曲
• a medley of popular tunes 流行曲调的集成曲
• The menu described the dessert as 'a medley of exotic fruits'. 菜单上说这道甜点是“各种异国水果的杂烩”。
['med.li] noun countable
SWIMMING COMPETITION 游泳比赛
■a swimming competition in which each of four swimmers in a team uses a different method of swimming 混合游泳接力
n. 混合；混杂；混合物
 - mixture, mix, hybrid, compound
adj. 混合的；拼凑的
 - mixed, hybrid, compound

Word: nazir

Word: mulberry
Front: mulberry
[ˈmʌlbəri] (托 22352/16997)
Back: n. 桑树; 桑葚; 桑园
分布：桑树(73%)，桑葚(15%)，深紫红色(12%)
→来自拉丁语murum,黑莓，桑葚，字母r 弱化成l.berry,莓子。
US [-ber-] noun countable
■a small soft purple fruit, or the tree that has these fruit 桑椹；桑树
n. [蚕] 桑树； [植] [中医] 桑椹；深紫红色
 - claret

Word: motorcyclist
Front: motorcyclist
[ˈməʊtəsaɪklɪst] (25130/23188)
Back: n. 骑摩托车的人
分布：骑摩托车的人(100%)
US ['moʊ.tˌɚ-] noun countable
■a person who rides a motorcycle 骑摩托车的人
n. 骑摩托车的人；乘机车者
 - biker, bikie

Word: mountaineering
Front: mountaineering
[ˌmaʊntəˈnɪərɪŋ] (19367/16589)
Vocabulary: mountaineering
(once / 24573 pages)
n
Mountaineering is another word for the sport of mountain climbing. If high altitudes and low temperatures are your thing, you should take up mountaineering.
Climbing in snowy and ice-covered places requires special equipment and extreme care, watching out for dangers like falling ice and rocks, storms, and avalanches. In some parts of the world, mountaineering is called "alpinism." Originally, the noun mountaineer was a seventeenth century word for "mountain dweller." Two hundred years later, it came to mean "mountain climber."
WORD FAMILY
mountaineer: mountaineering, mountaineers+/ mountain: mountaineer, mountainous, mountains/mountainous: mountainousest, mountainously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ski mountaineering is a new sport trying to create a foothold in the state.
Seattle Times(Dec 24, 2016)
How can a man whose hobbies include motor-racing, mountaineering and the bullfight be so impassive, impeccable and grave?
BBC(Nov 27, 2016)
Anyone familiar with the axioms of mountaineering knows this is an essential rule of self-preservation.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 登山，爬山，登山运动
分布：登山运动(64%)，爬山(36%)
→来自mountain,高山，山地，-eer,人。引申词义登山运动。
US [-tən'ɪr.ɪŋ] noun uncountable
■the sport or activity of climbing mountains 爬山，登山；登山运动
n. 登山；登山运动；爬山
 - mountain climbing, hill-climbing

Word: moustachio

Word: nebula
Front: nebula
[ˈnebjələ] (托 8201/29269)
Vocabulary: nebula
(once / 1973 pages)
n
A nebula is a massive cloud of gas and dust in outer space. A nebula is sometimes the birthplace of stars, such as the Orion Nebula where new stars — a youthful million years old — are still forming.
Another example of a nebula is the Crab Nebula — the glowing result of a supernova, noted by Chinese astronomers in 1054 CE. It spans about 10 light-years in length. In biology, a nebula may be a cloudy formation in the eye, or a cloudiness of urine. It also refers to a medicinal preparation put in a nebulizer. When you are talking about more than one nebula (which is probably not that often for the average person), say nebulae.
WORD FAMILY
nebula: nebulae, nebular, nebulas, nebulous +/ nebulous: nebulously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Edwin Hubble leveraged Leavitt’s law on the behavior of variable stars to gauge distances to certain nebulae.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
The movie is an adaptation of "Story of Your Life," the Nebula Award-winning novella by author Ted Chiang.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Night fell and pointillist nebulae of moths—thousands of them—appeared in the red, yellow, and blue stage lights above the performers.
The New Yorker(Sep 03, 2016)
Back: n. 星云; 星云状的星系
分布：名词(100%)
→来自拉丁语nebula,云，雾，蒸气，来自nebh,云，词源同Neptune.
星云状的[nebul=cloud(云)]
(plural nebulae or nebulas) specialized
noun countable
■a cloud of gas or dust in space, appearing either bright or dark 星云

Word: od

Word: northerly
Front: northerly
[ˈnɔ:ðəli] (24948/19545)
Back: adj. & adv. 北的，向北的; （指风向）从北面来的
分布：北风(52%)，向北的(17%)，北方的(15%)，来自北方的(8%)，向北地(4%)，自北来(4%)
US ['nɔ:r.ðɚ.li] adjective
■towards or in the north 向北的；在北方的
• They walked in a northerly direction (= towards the north) across the desert. 他们向北步行穿过沙漠。
• There are plans to build a hotel on the most northerly (= nearest the north) point of the island. 计划在该岛的最北端建一家旅馆。
northerly wind
■a wind that comes from the north 北风
UK ['nɔ:.ðəl.i] US ['nɔ:r.ðɚ.li] noun countable
■a wind that comes from the north 北风
adj. 北方的，向北的；来自北方的
 - boreal
n. 北风
 - north wind, Boreas

Word: neurologist
Front: neurologist
[njʊəˈrɒlədʒɪst] (13704/33514)
Back: n. <医>神经病学家
分布：神经病学家(100%)
US [nʊr'ɑ:.lə-] noun countable
■a doctor who studies and treats diseases of the nerves 神经病学家；神经科医生

Word: obstetric
Front: obstetric
[əb'stetrɪk] (36860/27100)
Vocabulary: obstetric
(once / 5191 pages)
adj
The adjective obstetric describes things having something to do with childbirth. Much of an obstetric nurse's job, for example, is helping laboring mothers.
If you go to medical school, you might have an obstetric textbook, and later you'll probably do a residency in the obstetric area of a hospital, where women give birth. The field is called obstetrics, and both words (along with the alternative adjective obstetrical) come from the Modern Latin root obstetrix, which means "midwife," or literally, "one who stands opposite."
WORD FAMILY
obstetric: obstetrically, obstetrics +/ obstetrician: obstetricians/ obstetrics: obstetrical, obstetrician
USAGE EXAMPLES
The sixth edition of “Gabbe Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies” states the following:
Washington Times(Dec 13, 2016)
"I completed a residency in obstetrics and gynaecology that was 20,000 hours," he says.
BBC(Dec 01, 2016)
So women arriving in hospital after obstetric emergencies have become the main targets.
Economist(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 产科的
分布：产科的(84%)，=obstetrical.(16%)
adj. 产科的；生产的，分娩的
 - productive, procreative

Word: noma

Word: pelvis
Front: pelvis
[ˈpelvɪs] (13634/15962 -1)
Vocabulary: pelvis
(once / 6982 pages)
n
Your pelvis is the series of bones at the base of the spine that support your legs. Remember that Elvis had a knack for moving his pelvis, and then you may more easily remember this body part!
In humans, hip bones make up either side of the pelvis, with the sacrum and coccyx bones at the back. This bony pelvis makes it possible for us to walk upright with jointed legs, and it also forms a protective case for the internal organs that sit low in the body. In Latin, pelvis means "basin," from the Greek pelike, "goblet or bowl."
WORD FAMILY
pelvis: pelves, pelvises
USAGE EXAMPLES
The twins were born joined together at the pelvis, a condition that only occurs in one of about every 5 million births.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
He was 6 when a bus ran over him, breaking his pelvis.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
More mothers now need surgery to deliver a baby due to their narrow pelvis size, according to a study.
BBC(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: n. [解]骨盆
分布：骨盆(71%)，盆骨(15%)，肾盂(14%)
→来自拉丁语pelvis,盆子，来自pel,容器。
noun countable
■the bones which form a bowl-shaped structure in the area below the waist at the top of the legs, and to which the leg bones and spine are joined 骨盆

Word: parton
Front: parton
['pɑːtɒn] (-/35320)
Back: n. 部分子（一种带电小粒子）

Word: osteoporosis
Front: osteoporosis
[ˌɒstiəʊpəˈrəʊsɪs] (10189/26032 -1)
Vocabulary: osteoporosis
(once / 19699 pages)
n
Osteoporosis is a condition, most common in elderly women, of fragile, porous bones. Osteoporosis is the culprit behind many fractured bones and curved spines.
The word osteoporosis should have you running for a glass of milk. When you see the root osteo, you know that the word relates to “bone." The suffix osis tells you the word is probably a “condition.” The Greek root poro is pretty much the same as its English ancestor: it means “porous” or “passage.” So osteoporosis is a condition in which the bones are porous, or weak. Sufficient amounts of calcium can help prevent osteoporosis. Got milk?
WORD FAMILY
osteoporosis
USAGE EXAMPLES
Osteoporosis affects more than three million people in Britain alone, and the estimated costs of fractures reaches billions of pounds a year.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
But anastrozole can make bones weaker and so it is not recommended for women with osteoporosis.
BBC(Nov 29, 2016)
Dr. Boyle’s team also evaluates and treats patients for osteoporosis and provides education on nutrition, falls prevention and exercise programs.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: n. [医]骨质疏松症
分布：骨质疏松症(100%)
→osteo-,骨的，-por,孔，洞，词源同port,porous.引申词义骨质疏松症。
US [ˌɑ:.sti.oʊ.pə'roʊ-] noun uncountable
■a disease which causes the bones to become weaker and easily broken 骨质疏松（症）
• Osteoporosis afflicts many older women. 许多老年妇女深受骨质疏松之苦。

Word: penitentiary
Front: penitentiary
[ˌpenɪˈtenʃəri] (17346/37321)
Vocabulary: penitentiary
(once / 2187 pages)
nadj
A penitentiary is a prison for big-time criminals convicted of big-time crimes. Commit a serious crime like a murder and you won't just go to jail; you'll be sent to the penitentiary.
Penitentiary comes from the Latin paenitentia, meaning "repentance." A penitentiary is a place you are sent to make repentance for a crime committed. Penitentiary can also be used as an adjective to describe something done to show penance, as in the penitentiary scarlet "A" on Hester Prynne's chest. In the Roman Catholic Church, a penitentiary is a priest who administers the sacrament of penance, or hears people's confessions.
WORD FAMILY
penitentiary: penitentiaries+/ impenitent: impenitence, impenitency, impenitently/ penitence: penitences, penitential, penitentiary / penitent: impenitent, penitence, penitently, penitents/penitential: penitentially
USAGE EXAMPLES
In October of 1992, heavily armed military police stormed the penitentiary to quell a riot, spurring charges of indiscriminate killing by authorities.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
The aging penitentiary in Pontiac, where he was held while awaiting a court hearing, was worse.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
In the program there is a list of rules participating inmates are held accountable to beyond the basic rules of the penitentiary.
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. <美>监狱
adj. 用作教养的，感化（院）的，教养所的
分布：监狱(79%)，宗教裁判所(9%)，改过的(4%)，惩罚的(4%)，感化的(4%)
→来自penitent,悔罪的，忏悔的，-ary,表地方。原为宗教术语，指冒犯神或教会后忏悔的地方，后引申词义监狱。
监狱;感化院(penitent后悔)[-ary 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人,场所,物"]
US [-tʃə.ri:] noun countable US for a prison (= building in which criminals are kept) 监狱
adj. 应处监禁的；监禁的；忏悔的（等于penitential）
 - jailed
n. 监狱；教养所；宗教裁判所
 - prison, jail

Word: overeat
Front: overeat
[ˌəʊvərˈi:t] (17831/36059 -1)
Back: vt. & vi. （使）吃得过多
时态：overate, overeaten, overeating, overeats
分布：吃过量(100%)
US [ˌoʊ.vɚ'i:t] (overate, overeaten)
verb intransitive
■to eat more food than your body needs, especially so that you feel uncomfortably full 吃得太多；（尤指）吃得过饱
vi. 吃得过多
 - stuff, glut

Word: parley
Front: parley
[ˈpɑ:li] (宝 33587/39564)
Vocabulary: parley
(once / 1692 pages)
nv
A formal discussion between enemies or opponents is called a parley. A British drummer called for a parley between the British and American armies in 1781, and officers from both sides then discussed the terms of Britain's surrender.
Parley can also be used as a verb, meaning to discuss or negotiate, such as between enemies or opponents. If your siblings are fighting, you may need to encourage them to parley in another room in order to discuss their differences and hopefully settle the problem once and for all.
WORD FAMILY
parley: parleyed, parleying, parleys
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Parley and Museum of Contemporary Art websites will carry video feeds starting Dec. 4.
New York Times(Nov 19, 2016)
The most notable parley came during the winter primary run when Lord said the KKK was the “military, terrorist arm of the Democratic Party.”
Washington Times(Oct 01, 2016)
At a press event after the hour-long parley, the two men were candid about their differences.
Wall Street Journal(Sep 01, 2016)
Back: vi. 和谈，谈判
时态：parleyed, parleying, parleys
分布：谈判(65%)，会谈(35%)
→来自古法语parler,说话，来自拉丁语parabolare,说话，交谈，来自para-,在旁，在周围，-bol,扔，投掷，词源同parable,ballistic.字面意思即扔在旁边的，引申词义比较，打比方，说话技巧，交谈，后用于指和谈，对话。
谈判,会谈[parl=speak,表示"说话"]
【记】parley是两个party在parley
US ['pɑ:r-] old-fashioned or humorous
noun countable
■a discussion between two groups of people, especially one that is intended to end an argument （尤指欲结束争论的）和谈，会谈，谈判
n. 谈判；会谈
 - negotiation, treaty
vt. 谈判；会谈
 - negotiate about

Word: plywood
Front: plywood
[ˈplaɪwʊd] (8934/15602 -1)
Vocabulary: plywood
(once / 12641 pages)
n
Plywood is a building material that's made from layers of wood that are glued together. This construction means that plywood is very strong and resistant to chipping or warping.
There are many kinds of plywood, and even more ways to use it. Plywood made from soft woods is used for sub-flooring in new homes and packaging of various kinds. Harder plywood can be made into furniture, walls, cabinets, stereo speakers, and sports equipment. The layers (or plies) in a piece of plywood are glued together with the grain direction alternating, which makes it sturdy even when it's thin.
WORD FAMILY
plywood: plywoods
USAGE EXAMPLES
Jersey City officials say the man was sent drifting into the river on an 8-foot-long piece of plywood.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Unpainted plywood was a staple of his work, along with Plexiglas and metals like anodized aluminum.
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
The stage is small and its plywood foundation is visible to audiences.
Salon(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 胶合板，合板，夹板
分布：合板(86%)，夹板(14%)
→ply,层，wood,木头，木板。
胶合板(ply+wood木材→木材重叠→胶合板)[plic,pli,ply=fold,表示"重叠,折叠"]
noun uncountable
■wood that consists of several thin layers of wood stuck together 合板；三夹板
• a box made of plywood 合板做的盒子
• a cheap plywood door 廉价的三夹板门
n. 夹板， [木] 胶合板
 - assula, glued board

Word: phonics
Front: phonics
[ˈfɒnɪks] (19424/-)
Vocabulary: phonics
(once / 68320 pages)
n
Phonics is the science of sound. It’s also a way of teaching reading by focusing on how letters and groups of letters of the alphabet look and sound.
Phonics comes from the Greek word phone for "sound." Phone is a familiar word as the thing you talk to people on, but it also shows up in other sound-related words like phonology (the scientific study of sounds in languages) and phonograph (an old device for playing music). Phonics is a way of teaching beginning readers to match letters and sounds. By associating letters with sounds, phonics helps people hear and say the words they’re seeing on the page.
WORD FAMILY
phonics
USAGE EXAMPLES
But from her point of view, both of the main reading orthodoxies - phonics and whole language - are not comprehensive.
Washington Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Take Flight incorporates a multisensory approach that targets “five components of effective reading instruction” - phonics, fluency, vocabulary, reading comprehension and phonemic awareness.
Washington Times(Oct 23, 2016)
Children can pass the phonics test with just a basic knowledge of the government's preferred system for learning to read, research suggests.
BBC(Sep 15, 2016)
Back: n. 看字读音教学法，声学
分布：声音基础教学法(50%)，声学(50%)
→phono-,声音，语音，-ics,学说。
n. 声学；声音基础教学法
 - acoustics

Word: pith
Front: pith
[pɪθ] (宝 23670/25255)
Vocabulary: pith
(once / 2250 pages)
nv
Pith is the central idea or essence of something. If you’re in danger, you could exclaim, “I would greatly appreciate it if someone would provide assistance.” Or, you could get right to the pith of your point by shouting, “Help!”
In botanical terminology, pith refers to a spongy, central cylinder of tissue found inside the stems of most flowering plants. If you know a lot about plants, that fact should help you remember the primary definition of pith. If not, just take our word for it. You can think about the pith of an argument like the pith of a plant: both lie at the heart or core of something.
WORD FAMILY
pith: pithed, pithing, piths, pithy +/ pithy: pithier, pithiest, pithily, pithiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Meanwhile, remove the large white veins, or pith, from the tangerine segments.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Slice off a strip of lemon peel from one lemon half, cutting away the bitter white pith.
Washington Post(Sep 30, 2016)
But the questions he really addresses — the substantive, tricky ones that give this book both its prickle and its pith — are Eriksonian in nature.
New York Times(Aug 17, 2016)
Back: n. 精力; （木）髓; （争论、思想等）核心; 橙子等外皮之下的海绵层
vt. 杀死; 使瘫痪; 除去…中的髓
时态：pithed, pithing, piths
分布：精髓(49%)，要旨(20%)，杀死(13%)，破坏脊髓(6%)，去髓(6%)，瘫痪(6%)
→来自古英语pitha,树心，木髓，来自West-Germanic*pithan,核，词源同pit.引申词义核心，精髓。
【记】pith读：劈死－我劈死一棵大树，取出它的木髓－引申为精华
【反】superficial element（表面因素）；insignificant part（不重要的部分）
noun uncountable
■the white substance between the skin and the flesh of citrus fruits such as oranges, or the soft white inside part of the stem of some plants （水果表皮和瓤之间的）衬皮；木髓
n. 精髓；核心；骨髓；要旨
 - core, quick, kernel, nucleus
vt. 杀死；使瘫痪；除去…中的髓
 - kill, strike down

Word: perfectionism
Front: perfectionism
[pə'fekʃənɪzəm] (15334/38048)
Back: n. 十全十美主义，至善论
分布：至善论(50%)，尽善尽美主义(25%)，圆满论(25%)
US [pɚ-] noun uncountable
■the wish for everything to be correct 至善论，完美主义
• Obsessive perfectionism can be very irritating. 过分追求完美可能会令人十分讨厌。

Word: pisco

Word: poignancy
Front: poignancy
['pɔɪnjənsɪ] (22145/22857)
Vocabulary: poignancy
(once / 7365 pages)
n
The noun poignancy refers to something that is deeply touching, especially something that brings forth strong emotions like sympathy, sadness, or sorrow. The poignancy of the movie may bring you to tears. Bring tissues. Lots of tissues.
The noun poignancy is from the Old French word poindre, which means "to prick or sting." Related words include the adjective poignant. Similar words include pathos and bathos, although both of these words often imply a sort artificiality that poignancy does not. Pathos can imply a trick by the writer or speaker to produce sympathy or sadness and bathos can imply artificial sentimentality, so poignancy is often the preferred word when genuine emotion is involved.
WORD FAMILY
poignancy: poignancies+/ poignant: poignance, poignancy, poignanter, poignantly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Funnily enough, there may be more poignancy in this heart-piercing anatomy of a flop than the original musical was able to muster.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
It was equal parts recollection, digression, inadvertent humor, egotism, and poignancy.
Slate(Dec 08, 2016)
But “Ride the Cyclone” never dawdles on such poignancy — in fact, it scrupulously avoids it.
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 辛辣; 辛酸（事）
分布：尖锐(54%)，辛酸事(46%)
n. 辛辣；强烈；尖锐；辛酸事
 - intensity, mordacity

Word: puri
Front: puri
['pu:rɪ] (40583/-)
Back: n. <印尼>宫，宫殿
分布：宫殿(75%)，= puree(25%)
n. 宫，宫殿
 - palace, kung

Word: premeditated
Front: premeditated
[ˌpri:ˈmedɪteɪtɪd] (宝 23864/33355)
Vocabulary: premeditated
(once / 3230 pages)
adj
Something premeditated is planned in advanced and has a purpose behind it. In other words, it's no accident. A premeditated crime involves careful planning and research before it happens.
Premeditated comes from a combination of two Latin words: pre, meaning "before," and meditat, meaning “to ponder.” If you ponder — or think about — something before you act, that makes it premeditated. If you watch a lot of TV crime dramas, you may be familiar with the term "premeditated murder." This means that the murderer didn't just lose his temper and kill someone in the moment — instead, he went after a specific person on purpose.
WORD FAMILY
premeditated: premeditatedly, unpremeditated+/ meditate: meditated, meditates, meditating, meditation, meditative, premeditate / meditation: meditations/ meditative: meditatively, meditativeness/ premeditate: premeditated, premeditating, premeditation / premeditation: premeditations/unpremeditated: unpremeditatedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
“This would be a textbook case of deliberate, premeditated murder,” Debelius, the judge, said.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
Schaefer was sentenced to 18 years in prison for premeditated murder.
Reuters(Dec 13, 2016)
And for his attack on Judge Curiel, that was also premeditated and against the advice of staff.
Time(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 预谋的，预先策划的
adv. 预谋地，预先策划地
v. 预谋，预先考虑( premeditate的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：有预谋的(92%)，动词premeditate的过去式和过去分词形式.(8%)
【记】pre前，meditate（v 思考），d：提前思考的－有预谋的
【反】offhand（adj 即时的）；spontaneous（adj 自发的）
US [-tˌɪd] adjective
■(especially of a crime or something unpleasant) done after being thought about or carefully planned （尤指罪行或不快的事情）预先考虑的，预先策划的，预谋的
• premeditated murder 蓄意谋杀
• a premeditated attack 蓄意攻击
• The assault was premeditated and particularly brutal. 这次袭击是有预谋的，非常残忍。
Opposite unpremeditated
adj. 预谋的；预先考虑的；经预先计划的
 - prepense, aforethought

Word: psst
Front: psst
[pst] (-/43248)
Back: int. 为引起人的注意时所发的声音
分布：为引起人的注意时所发的声音(100%)
exclamation
■a sound made to get someone's attention, especially without other people noticing 嘘，嗨（用于暗中引起某人注意）
• Psst, what's the time? 嗨，几点了？
int. 喂！；为引起人的注意时所发的声音
 - hey, here

Word: regale
Front: regale
[rɪˈgeɪl] (宝 19578/19018)
Vocabulary: regale
(once / 2749 pages)
v
You may have heard it said that the fastest way to a person’s heart is through his stomach. So, if you need to please or impress someone, regale them — that is, treat them to lavish food and drink.
While food is reliable way to regale someone, regale can also involve providing forms of entertainment such as music or storytelling. Regale is akin to the word gala, meaning “a festive party,” and gallant, which can mean “spirited and adventurous” (though gallant can also mean “noble and brave”). If you regale someone with a gala attended by partygoers who are gallant, in either sense of the word, everyone should have a pretty good time.
WORD FAMILY
regale: regaled, regales, regaling
USAGE EXAMPLES
The father regaled his sons with stories about the physical play of Earl Campbell, Ray Lewis and Hershel Walker.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
From exile in Miami, his grandmother regaled him with stories about Havana’s Hotel Telégrafo and sparked an anxiety over lost memories.
New York Times(Dec 04, 2016)
Thomas regaled the crowd with portions of Scalia’s opinions over the years.
Seattle Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: vt. 取悦; 盛宴款待
vi. 参加宴会; 享用
时态：regaled, regaling, regales
分布：款待(67%)，尽情吃喝(11%)，盛情招待(11%)，使快乐(11%)
→re-,再，重新，-gal,欢乐，愉悦，词源同 will,gala,gallant.
【记】reg统治，a，le乐：统治者想让别人乐－以奢侈的饮食款待
【参】regality（n 君权；王位）
verb
  Phrasal Verbs  regale sb with sth mainly humorous
■to entertain someone with stories, jokes, etc. （透过讲故事、笑话等）使愉悦，使高兴
• The sailor regaled us all night with stories of his adventures. 水手整夜讲述他的奇遇，令我们大饱耳福。
vt. 盛情款待
 - do proud
vi. 享用；享受
 - feast
n. 款待
 - entertainment, treat

Word: querulous
Front: querulous
[ˈkwerələs] (宝 31183/34296)
Vocabulary: querulous
(once / 2885 pages)
adj
Querulous means “having a tendency to complain” or, more directly put, “whiny.” Sure, no one can be happy all the time, but that’s no excuse for being querulous.
Querulous may remind you of the word query, which means “question.” However, the two words are not closely related. It’s perfectly reasonable to make a query; just don’t be querulous if you don’t like the answer you get. Querulous does share its origins with the word quarrel, which means “argument” -– and that’s what’s likely to happen if you complain too much.
WORD FAMILY
querulous: querulously, querulousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
In past years, he acknowledges, a few querulous baseball sorts asked pointedly if he risked tiring himself out with his charities.
New York Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Even by the standards of Hong Kong’s far more querulous politics, the scene was striking.
Economist(Oct 12, 2016)
Army-run Iraqi tribal reconciliation program with a record of successfully resolving disputes between Iraq’s querulous Sunni, Shiite and Kurdish factions.
Washington Post(Aug 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 抱怨的，爱发牢骚的; 易怒的; 爱抱怨
分布：抱怨的(57%)，发牢骚的(26%)，爱挑剔的(17%)
→来自拉丁语queri,抱怨，词源同quarrel.
抱怨的[quer=complain( 抱怨)]
【记】querul＝question，ous多：问题很多－抱怨的que缺，rul＝rule规则，ous：此处缺乏规则－抱怨的
【参】query（v /n 质问；询问）；quest（n /v 寻求）
adjective
■often complaining, especially in a weak high voice 爱抱怨的，爱发牢骚的
• He became increasingly dissatisfied and querulous in his old age. 到了晚年，他愈感不满，牢骚不断。
adj. 易怒的，暴躁的；爱发牢骚的，抱怨的；爱挑剔的
 - fierce, critical, curious

Word: redeployment
Front: redeployment
[ˌri:dɪ'plɔɪmənt] (22851/23073)
Back: n. 调动，调配，重新布署
分布：重新部署(88%)，调遣(12%)
n. 调换，调动；重新部署
 - transposal, mobilization

Word: regolith
Front: regolith
['regəlɪθ] (32555/-)
Back: n. 风化层，土被; 浮土
分布：风化层(64%)，表皮土(36%)
n. [地质] 风化层；表皮土；土被
 - weathered layer, mantlerock

Word: remission
Front: remission
[rɪˈmɪʃn] (宝 15046/10607 -1)
Vocabulary: remission
(once / 2701 pages)
1n 2n 3n 4n
Remission refers to a stage of lesser intensity, when something subsides or improves. Remission is usually a good thing — like when your cancer is in remission, it means that it is manageable and not getting any worse.
Remission comes from the Latin remissionem, meaning "relaxation, a sending back." If something difficult lets up, you'll be able to relax a little. For example, if are being pelted non-stop during a dodgeball game, you'd hope for a remission, so you have a minute to take a breath and find your glasses. Another meaning of the noun remission is a payment. Your college tuition remission must be taken care of before you start classes.
WORD FAMILY
remission: remissions+/ remit: remission, remitment, remits, remittance, remitted, remittent, remitting/ remittance: remittances/remitting: unremitting / unremitting: unremittingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
This, he wrote, “officially constitutes remission of the substance-use disorder.”
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
By early spring, when Haffner was in California, Karen appeared to be in remission.
Seattle Times(Dec 26, 2016)
After 11 months of treatment, the cancer was in remission.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: n. 缓和，减轻; 宽恕，豁免; 〈罕〉寄钱，汇款
分布：赦免(33%)，豁免(27%)，宽恕(20%)，减刑(20%)
→来自拉丁语 remittere,松开，松懈，减轻，送走，来自 re-,向后，往回，mittere,送出，送走， 词源同 emit,remit.-ss,过去分词格，-ion,名词后缀。引申词义减少，减轻等。
宽恕;赦免(re再＋miss+ion→再一次放过［别人］→宽恕)[Miss,mit=send,cast,表示"送,放出"]
noun
ILLNESS 疾病
countable or uncountable formal
■a period of time when an illness is less severe （疾病的）缓解期，减轻期
• Her cancer has been in remission for several years. 她的癌症几年来有所缓解。
[rɪ'mɪʃ.ən] noun
REDUCTION 减少
uncountable UK legal
■a reduction of the time that a person has to stay in prison 减刑；减少服刑时间
• He was given three months' remission for good behaviour. 他因为表现良好而减刑三个月。
[rɪ'mɪʃ.ən] noun
RELIGION 宗教
uncountable formal
■forgiveness for breaking religious laws or rules 宽恕；饶恕；赦免
• He believes that redemption is based on remission of sins. 他相信救赎的基础是对罪恶的宽恕。
n. [临床] 缓解；宽恕；豁免
 - forgiveness, exemption

Word: renminbi
Front: renminbi
[ˈrenmɪnbi] (40063/-)
Back: 人民币
分布：人民币(100%)

Word: revelatory
Front: revelatory
[ˌrevəˈleɪtəri] (21741/34546)
Vocabulary: revelatory
(once / 44102 pages)
adj
Anything revelatory reveals something you've never seen or realized before. A revelatory article in a tabloid paper might give you the scoop about a celebrity's (previously) private life.
A revelatory artwork might show you something in a completely new light, like a giant art installation that incorporates the natural landscape around it, or a piece of music that stirs a deep feeling of nostalgia or sadness when you listen to it. People often describe religious experiences as revelatory, and early uses of revelation were also religious, meaning "disclosure of information from a divine source." The Latin root is revelare, "uncover or lay bare."
WORD FAMILY
reveal: revealed, revealing, reveals, revelation, revelatory +/revealed: unrevealed/ revealing: revealingly, revealings/ revelation: revelations
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was a spectacular exposé on masculine ego and power — even more revelatory than the “Access Hollywood” video of Trump boasting about predatory behavior.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Bernstein’s first three musicals got revelatory symphonic treatments thanks to illuminating conducting in semi-staged performances.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
And the poems in Vievee Francis’s haunting collection “Forest Primeval” are discreet yet revelatory, irresolute yet decisive, distressed yet serene.
The New Yorker(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 启示性的，启示的
分布：启示的(60%)，启示性的(40%)
adj. 泄露的，启示的
 - discoverable, implicational

Word: republish
Front: republish
[ri:'pʌblɪʃ] (26777/24584)
Back: vt. 再版，重新发表，重订遗嘱
时态：republished, republishing, republishes
分布：再版(49%)，再发布(28%)，翻版(23%)
vt. 再版，翻版；再发布；重新发表；重订遗嘱
 - reprint

Word: replant
Front: replant
['ri:'plɑ:nt] (18649/19016)
Back: v. 再植; 改种; 移（民）; 使复位
时态：replanted, replanting, replants
分布：改种(42%)，移植(31%)，再植(27%)
再种,再植(re再+plant)[Plant=plant,表示"种植"]
vt. 改种；移植；移居
 - to transplant, transfer of culture

Word: retool
Front: retool
[ˌri:ˈtu:l] (托 17351/-)
Vocabulary: retool
(once / 18240 pages)
1v 2v
When you change something by reshaping or altering it, you retool it. A candidate who's doing badly in the polls might try to retool his image before the election.
If an elementary school is getting dozens of new students, they may need to retool the classrooms to accommodate everyone. And, when new car models need to incorporate the latest safety features, engineers often have to retool their designs. Another way to use this verb is to mean "equip with new tools." You might, for example, retool your mom's basement workroom as a birthday present.
WORD FAMILY
retool: retooled, retooling, retools+/ tool: retool, tooled, tooling, tools
USAGE EXAMPLES
Docket clerks and court officers have been arguing for higher pay and a retooled employee classification review system.
Washington Times(Nov 30, 2016)
A better message, Vilsack said, would be built around partnering with local communities to retool economies hurt by technological change or globalization.
Washington Post(Nov 27, 2016)
Mr. Marchionne is retooling Fiat’s focus as well, moving it from elite to accessible.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. （给…）更换工具， （给…）更换机械设备
vt. 改组，革新
时态：retooled, retooling, retools
分布：重组(66%)，重新装备(34%)
→re-,再，重新，tool,工具。
VERB
重新装备，更换(机器设备等)
If the machines in a factory or the items of equipment used by a firm are retooled, they are replaced or changed so that they can do new tasks.
例：Each time the product changes, the machines have to be retooled.每次更换产品，就得重新装备机器。
vt. 重组；重新装备
 - recombine, reequip

Word: rubbery
Front: rubbery
[ˈrʌbəri] (托 18446/23379)
Vocabulary: rubbery
(once / 35601 pages)
adj
Rubbery things have a tough, flexible texture, like a rubbery playground ball or a rubbery piece of American cheese.
You'll often find the adjective rubbery describing food that's unpleasant to chew, like rubbery pasta or overcooked, rubbery chicken. Things actually made out of rubber are rubbery too, like a rubbery water balloon or the pair of rubbery gloves your grandma uses for gardening. Rubbery comes from rubber, a noun that originally meant "an eraser made from a tropical plant," or in other words, "a thing that rubs."
WORD FAMILY
rubber: rubbered, rubbering, rubberise, rubberize, rubberlike, rubbers, rubbery +/rubberize: rubberized, rubberizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
I wanted to touch his face, to run my hand over his rubbery cheeks.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
It was unremarkable a week later, and green-lipped mussels in a perfectly good galangal and lemongrass broth had been cooked so furiously they were rubbery.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
The song was produced in accordance with the style of the era, with lots of synthesizer and rubbery, overdubbed percussion.
The New Yorker(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 橡胶似的，有弹性的
分布：有弹性的(78%)，像橡胶的(22%)
→来自 rubber,橡胶，-y,形容词后缀。
US [-ɚ-] adjective
■feeling or bending like rubber 橡胶似的；软的
• My legs felt all rubbery (= weak) after the race. 赛跑结束后我觉得两腿像橡皮捏的一样疲软无力。
adj. 橡胶似的；有弹力的；坚韧的
 - tough, resilient

Word: salubrious
Front: salubrious
[səˈlu:briəs] (宝 33215/32804)
Vocabulary: salubrious
(once / 10323 pages)
adj
Salubrious is a fancy way to describe something that’s good for you or is generally favorable to mind or body, but it need not be limited to describing healthy foods or liquids.
We salute each other with the cheer, "To your health!" as we chug down something that probably isn’t that good for us. But if it were salubrious, it would be. The two words, salute and salubrious stem from the same salus, meaning "welfare, health.” Maybe next time, raise a glass of wheatgrass instead of vino!
WORD FAMILY
salubrious: salubriously, salubriousness+/ insalubrious: insalubriousness/insalubrity: insalubrious /salubrity: insalubrity, salubrious, salubrities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Other changes, according to anecdotal reports from pregnant women, are not so salubrious, like forgetfulness and difficulty concentrating.
Science Magazine(Dec 19, 2016)
“We didn’t start out in these kind of salubrious palaces of vaudeville fun,” he said.
The New Yorker(Nov 30, 2016)
Even if your grandma, aged 87, begins spouting less than salubrious views over the pumpkin pie, you have to call her out.
BBC(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 有益健康的
分布：有益健康的(78%)，宜人的(22%)
→来自拉丁语 salubris,有益健康的，来自 salutis,健康的，有益处的，词源同 salute.-bris,-bra,工 具格后缀，词源同 vertebra.
有益健康的(salubr=salu)[salu=health(健康)]
【记】sa三，lu鹿（茸），bri＝bring，ous－带来三个鹿茸－有益健康的
【反】unhealthy（adj 对健康有害的）；virulent（adj 剧毒的）；deleterious（adj 有害的）；noxious（adj 有害的）；baneful（adj 有害的）；squalid（adj 肮脏的）
[sə'lu:.bri.əs] formal
adjective
■describes a place that is pleasant, clean, and healthy to live in （地方）环境宜人且有益健康的，宜居的
• He doesn't live in a very salubrious part of town. 他住的地方是镇上不太适宜居住的地方。
adj. 清爽的；气候有益健康的
 - debonaire, netto

Word: rudiment
Front: rudiment
['ru:dɪmənt] (25121/21597)
Vocabulary: rudiment
(once / 1181 pages)
n
Rudiment, usually used in the plural, means the basics. If you know the alphabet, you have the rudiments of reading at your disposal.
You might learn the rudiments of cooking from your mother, but you won't become an expert until you spend time in your own kitchen. In biology, the word rudiment means an undeveloped part of an organ or limb, like you would find in an embryo or fetus.
WORD FAMILY
rudiment: rudimentary, rudiments +/ rudimentary: rudimentarily
USAGE EXAMPLES
And, for all their unfamiliarity with geopolitics, they have grasped the rudiments of Russian capitalism.
Economist(Oct 27, 2016)
The volume’s Catawba Cobbler, reliant on pink wine, will be familiar, in its rudiments, to the frosé aficionado.
The New Yorker(Sep 02, 2016)
Nor would the campaign discuss with Politico, or with us, its intentions with regard to this rudiment of transparency.
Washington Post(Aug 12, 2016)
Back: n. 基本原理; 雏形; 萌芽; 退化器官
分布：初步(55%)，初级(15%)，初级阶段.(15%)，发育不全的器官(15%)
n. 雏形；基本原理
 - fundamental, basic principle

Word: salonika

Word: saddleback

Word: seafarer
Front: seafarer
[ˈsi:feərə(r)] (27250/26712)
Back: n. 船员，航海家
分布：船员(76%)，航海家(24%)
n. 船员；航海家
 - shipman, navigator

Word: sawmill
Front: sawmill
[ˈsɔ:mɪl] (19380/27215)
Back: n. 锯木厂
分布：锯木厂(91%)，锯机(9%)
→saw,锯子，mill,工厂。
US ['sɑ:-] noun countable
■a factory where trees are cut up into pieces with machines 锯木厂
n. [木] 锯木厂；锯木机
 - lumbermill, timber mill

Word: sensationalism
Front: sensationalism
[senˈseɪʃənəlɪzəm] (23607/33504)
Back: n. <贬>（指行文或报道）耸人听闻，哗众取宠; 煽情主义
分布：追求轰动效应(46%)，哗众取宠(27%)，感觉论(16%)，煽情主义(11%)
→sensational,哗然的，耸人听闻的，-ism,主义，思想，行为。
[sen'seɪ.ʃən.əl.ɪ.zəm] disapproving
noun uncountable
■when newspapers, television, etc. intentionally present information in a way that is intended to be shocking or exciting （报纸、电视等的）制造轰动效应，耸人听闻
• The newspaper has been accused of sensationalism in its coverage of the murders. 报纸被指责在报道凶杀案时故意耸人听闻。
n. 追求轰动效应；哗众取宠
 - grandstanding

Word: schoolbook
Front: schoolbook
['sku:lbʊk] (26037/35741)
Back: n. 教科书
分布：教科书(100%)
n. 教科书
 - textbook, coursebook
adj. （美）教科书式的；过于简单的
 - oversimple

Word: sarcasm
Front: sarcasm
[ˈsɑ:kæzəm] (研托雅 13455/12625 -1)
Vocabulary: sarcasm
(once / 539 pages)
n
Irony employed in the service of mocking or attacking someone is sarcasm. Saying "Oh, you're soooo clever!" with sarcasm means the target is really just a dunderhead.
Sarcasm is sometimes used as merely a synonym of irony, but the word has a more specific sense: irony that's meant to mock or convey contempt. This meaning is found in its etymology. In Greek, sarkazein meant "to tear flesh; to wound." When you use sarcasm, you really tear into them. A clever person coined the variant spelling sarchasm (a blend of sarcasm and chasm) and defined it as "the gap between the author of sarcastic wit and the person who doesn't get it."
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
irony / satire / sarcasm
Irony, satire, and sarcasm all fall into the category of, "That's funny but I'm not sure what my English teacher wants me to call it."
Irony describes situations that are strange or funny because things happen in a way that seems to be the opposite of what you expected. Note the "opposite" here. If an expectation is black, then an ironic outcome would be white, not off-white or gray. Here are some clear examples.
Bill Hillmann, the author of multiple books about how to not get gored by bulls was the only non-Spaniard to get gored in the 2014 running of the bulls in Pamplona. (Cracked Magazine July 2015)
The Business Software Alliance is an an anti-piracy agency that used to pay people to report unlicensed content on the internet. The group has been caught using a "stolen" photo in one of their ads to attract new snitches on Facebook. (Cracked Magazine July 2015)
Satire means making fun of people by imitating them in ways that expose their stupidity or flaws.
In 2000, Saturday Night Live's satire of what happened in the [presidential] campaign became the conventional wisdom for what was going on in the campaign. (The Observer)
The late-night talk and news satire is scheduled to return with new episodes in February. (Los Angeles Times)
As with satire, sarcasm depends on the listener or reader to be in on the joke. Sarcasm is insincere speech. Your mom asks if you're excited to start cleaning the kitchen and you say, "Yeah, right," when you mean "Heck no." Take this exchange from The Hunger Games.
"What about you? I've seen you in the market. You can lift hundred pound bags of flour," I snap at him.
"Yes and I'm sure the arena will be full of bags of flour for me to chuck at people."
To distinguish irony from satire and sarcasm, remember that irony pertains to situations while satire and sarcasm are forms of expression. People make satire and sarcasm happen. Irony is just there.
WORD FAMILY
sarcasm: sarcasms, sarcastic +/ sarcastic: sarcastically, unsarcastic
USAGE EXAMPLES
If not, sparklers or terrible indoor fireworks are a low-cost way for teens and pre-teens to flex their sarcasm muscles.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
“You can’t cry all the time,” explains Crystal, adding that her family is “fluent in sarcasm.”
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Another Weibo user turned to sarcasm with this mental image: "I always picture the Ancient Emperor strolling through the Forbidden City holding a smartphone."
BBC(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 讥讽; 讽刺话
分布：讽刺(64%)，挖苦(36%)
→来自拉丁语 sarcasmus,来自希腊语 sarkasmos,讽刺，挖苦，嘲笑，来自 sarkazein,挖肉，割肉， 来自 sarx,肉。
尖刻讽刺(尖刻的话像咬人一块肉一样)[sarc=flesh(肉)]
【记】源于：sarcastic（adj 讽刺的）
【反】praise（n /v 赞扬）
US ['sɑ:r-] noun uncountable
■the use of remarks which clearly mean the opposite of what they say, and which are made in order to hurt someone's feelings or to criticize something in a humorous way 讽刺，挖苦，嘲笑
• "You have been working hard, " he said with heavy sarcasm, as he looked at the empty page. “你工作真卖力，”他看着空白页狠狠地挖苦我。
Compare irony
UK ['sɑ:.kæz.əm] US ['sɑ:r-] noun uncountable
Sarcasm is the lowest form of wit / humour. saying
■said to mean that sarcasm is very unkind 挖苦是最低级的幽默；挖苦乃刻薄之举
n. 讽刺；挖苦；嘲笑
 - hit, satire

Word: sardinia

Word: shortsighted
Front: shortsighted
['ʃɔ:t'saɪtɪd] (-/32694)
Back: adj. 没有远见的; 目光浅近
分布：近视的(67%)，缺乏远见的(33%)
adj. 目光短浅的；近视的
 - myopic, bleary-eyed

Word: sephardic

Word: sensuous
Front: sensuous
[ˈsenʃuəs] (托 15594/14703 -1)
Vocabulary: sensuous
(once / 1747 pages)
adj
Anything that is pleasing to the senses can be called sensuous. The feel of a soft cashmere sweater on your skin, the taste of dark chocolate, even the smell of your favorite person — all of these can be sensuous experiences.
Sensuous describes anything that feels, tastes, smells, looks, or sounds good. Eating delicious food or relaxing in a warm bath are sensuous activities. But something intellectually satisfying, like doing a crossword puzzle or solving a math problem, is not exactly sensuous, even if you really like doing it. Use sensuous to describe stuff that makes your five senses happy.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
sensual / sensuous
The words sensual and sensuous are often used interchangeably, but careful writers would do well to think before using one or the other.
The terms share the root sens-, which means to arouse the senses. Sensual has referred to gratifying carnal, especially sexual, senses since before 1425. Sensuous is believed to have been created by John Milton in 1641 to mean relating to the senses instead of the intellect without the sexual connotation. Let's look at some examples that use our pair strictly:
Designer Zac Posen sent out sensual cancan girls straight out of a vintage Paris revue.
Every once in awhile Pauline will recreate one of the sensuous feasts she and Luciano used to serve to guests seated around a shared table.
Today, though, many writers will use the words interchangeably:
Heat and dust Delhi's sensual overload tests tourists, athletes
The way she gazes into his face, we are privileged to get a glimpse of a subtle and sensuous erotica.
It's a shame to lose these shades of meaning. When you use sensuous, do you mean to include sexual undertones? Are those undertones absent when you use sensual? Your readers will only know if you choose your words wisely.
WORD FAMILY
sensuous: sensuously, sensuousness+/desensitise: desensitisation, desensitising/ desensitize: desensitization, desensitized, desensitizes, desensitizing/hypersensitive: hypersensitively, hypersensitivity/insensibility: insensibilities/ insensible: insensibility, insensibly/ insensitive: insensitively, insensitiveness, insensitivity/insensitivity: insensitivities/ nonsense: nonsenses, nonsensical / nonsensical: nonsensicalest, nonsensicality, nonsensically/oversensitive: oversensitively, oversensitiveness/ sensation: aftersensation, sensational, sensations/ sensational: sensationalism, sensationally, unsensational/sensationalism: sensationalisms, sensationalist, sensationalistic/sensationalist: sensationalists/ sense: nonsense, sensation, sensed, senseless, senses, sensible, sensing, sensitive, sensor, sensorial, sensuous /senseless: senselessly, senselessness/ sensibility: sensibilities/ sensible: insensible, sensibilise, sensibility, sensibilize, sensibleness, sensibler, sensiblest, sensibly/sensitise: desensitise, sensitisation, sensitised, sensitiser, sensitising/sensitised: hypersensitised, supersensitised/sensitiser: sensitisers/ sensitive: hypersensitive, insensitive, nonsensitive, oversensitive, sensitise, sensitively, sensitiveness, sensitives, sensitivity, sensitize, supersensitive/sensitiveness: sensitivenesses/ sensitivity: sensitivities/sensitize: desensitize, sensitization, sensitized, sensitizer, sensitizes, sensitizing/sensitized: hypersensitized, supersensitized/sensitizer: sensitizers/sensor: sensors/sensorial: sensorially/supersensitive: supersensitively/unsensational: unsensationally
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sensuous, confrontational and drenched with unapologetic rage and beauty, this was an example of visual language at its most fluent and expressive.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Now, however, it often seems astoundingly vital: No dance idiom is more overwhelmingly sensuous.
New York Times(Dec 07, 2016)
It is at once very funny, deeply serious, manically obsessive and, not least of all, a sensuous delight for the ear.
Washington Post(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 感觉（上）的; 感官的; （引起）美感的
分布：感觉上的(54%)，感觉的(33%)，激发美感的(13%)
→来自 sense,感官，-ous,形容词后缀。引申词义愉悦感官的，特指刺激肉欲的，性感的。
adjective
■giving or expressing pleasure through the physical senses, rather than pleasing the mind or the intelligence 愉悦感官的
• She luxuriated in the sensuous feel of the silk sheets. 她尽情地享受着丝绸床单所带来的愉悦感。
■* sensual
• He had a very sensuous mouth. 他有一张非常性感的嘴。

Word: shaman
Front: shaman
[ˈʃeɪmən] (11625/13344 -1)
Vocabulary: shaman
(once / 6140 pages)
n
A shaman is a tribal healer who can act as a medium between the visible world and the spirit world.
Shamans are kind of a mix between priests and doctors. Like a priest, a shaman is a holy man who represents a religion — in this case, shamanism. Like a doctor, a shaman heals people — or at least claims to do so. If you're not into shamanism, you can use this term more generally: A really good teacher, especially one who works a little mysteriously, might be said to work "like a shaman".
WORD FAMILY
shaman: shamanise, shamanism, shamanize, shamans+/shamanism: shamanist, shamanistic
USAGE EXAMPLES
He is master and journeyman, penitent and shaman, depending on the moment.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
There is a section on the Shaman Furs website called “Beyond Haute Couture.”
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Nate Silver, the statistics shaman who had been roundly criticised for overestimating Trump’s chances, now posted that a Trump victory was likely.
The Guardian(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 萨满教的道士（僧人、巫师）
分布：僧人(67%)，萨满教巫师(33%)
→来自蒙古语族萨满，来自汉语沙门，来自梵语 sramana,苦行僧，苦修者。或可能直接来自该 梵语词。
noun countable
■in particular religions, a person who has special powers to control or influence good and evil spirits (= people who cannot be seen) which makes it possible for them to discover the cause of illness, bad luck, etc. （特定宗教中据信能控制或影响善恶神灵从而揭开疾病、厄运等之源的）萨满，巫师
n. 巫师；萨满教的道士；僧人
 - necromancer, koradji

Word: skive
Front: skive
[skaɪv] (-/35493)
Back: vi. <英，非正>旷工; 旷课; 逃学
时态：skived, skiving, skives
分布：躲避工作(45%)，削(33%)，逃学(22%)
→来自古诺斯语 skifa,切，削，使成薄片，词源同 shave,削，刮。词义逃学等词源不详。
[skaɪv] UK informal
verb intransitive or transitive
■to be absent from work or school without permission 旷工；逃学； 旷课
• Tom and Mike have skived (off) school today to watch the football match. 汤姆和麦克今天逃学去看足球赛了。
vt. 把…割成薄片；削匀；研磨
 - pulverize
vi. 逃避责任；匆匆而去
 - weasel out

Word: smolensk

Word: soli

Word: steamer
Front: steamer
[ˈsti:mə(r)] (研四六雅 13331/11992 -1)
Back: n. 汽船，轮船; 蒸锅; 蒸汽机; 用蒸汽工作的人
分布：轮船(62%)，汽船(26%)，蒸笼(12%)
→steam,蒸汽，-er,表物。
n.汽船,轮船The bad weather delayed the departure of the steamer.坏天气延误了轮船的起程.
US [-mɚ] noun countable
BOAT 船
■a boat or ship which moves by steam power 汽船；轮船
UK ['sti:.mər] US [-mɚ] noun countable
CONTAINER 容器
■a container with holes in the bottom which is put over boiling water in order to cook food in steam, or a machine which cooks food with steam 蒸笼；蒸锅
• a rice steamer 米饭蒸锅
• a vegetable steamer 蔬菜蒸笼
craft, vessel, ship, canoe, steamer, boat
这组词都有“船”的意思，其区别是：
craft: 船只的集合名词，但可指单独的船只。
vessel: 多指运货或运人的大船。
ship: 含义广，一般指大轮船，如航海船只，内河航运船只。
canoe: 指长而轻，用桨的小舟、独木船。
steamer: 指靠蒸汽发动机为动力的船只。
boat: 泛指任何大小的船只，尤指靠划桨或风帆行进的无篷小船。
n. 轮船；蒸汽机；蒸笼
 - boat, streamboat

Word: snide
Front: snide
[snaɪd] (宝 22291/22972)
Vocabulary: snide
(once / 9366 pages)
adj
Snide means insulting or contemptuous in an indirect way. If your friend is wearing too much purple eye shadow and your other friend whispers to you, “What? Was she in a car wreck?” that’s a snide comment.
Snide remarks are the kinds of things people say with a sneer on their face. When you leave a movie theater and your friend says, “I can’t believe someone was actually paid to write that screenplay,” he’s being snide. Instead of saying, “That movie was terrible,” he's expressing his disdain in a more underhanded and indirect way.
WORD FAMILY
snide: snidely, snider+/snidely: snidelys
USAGE EXAMPLES
Police said Saturday that 37-year-old Steven Snider was found fatally wounded after officers responding to another call heard a gunshot.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Snider, president of iSolon.org, regularly writes about issues of democratic reform.
Washington Post(Nov 11, 2016)
The kind that leaves you open to all the snide remarks.
BBC(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 讽刺的; 嘲弄的; 贬低的; 低劣的
级别：snider, snidest
分布：恶意的(31%)，卑鄙的(25%)，骗子(16%)，假冒的(12%)，赝造的宝石(8%)，嘲笑的(8%)
→可能来自辅音丛 sn-,鼻子，闻，嗅，发鼻音，比较 sneer,snore,snicker,sniff,snuff.引申词义讽 刺的，挖苦的。
【记】源于法国19世纪的讽刺学家施奈得。
adjective
■(especially of remarks) containing unpleasant criticism that is not clearly stated （尤指话语）恶意的，挖苦的
• She made one or two snide remarks about their house which I thought was a bit unnecessary. 她对他们的房子挖苦了一两句，我认为实在没必要那样做。
adj. 伪造的；卑鄙的；暗讽的
 - poor, false, mean, base, dirty
n. 赝品；骗子
 - fraud, sharp

Word: spectrometry
Front: spectrometry
[spek'trɒmɪtrɪ] (30137/29067)
Back: n. 光谱测定法，度谱术; 谱测量
分布：光谱测定法(45%)，度谱术(31%)，频谱测定法(12%)，能谱测定(12%)

Word: talbot

Word: stoical
Front: stoical
['stəʊɪkl] (34429/36680)
Back: adj. 坚忍的，恬淡寡欲的
分布：坚忍的(56%)，禁欲主义的(44%)
adj. 坚忍的；禁欲的；斯多葛学派的
 - persevering, unremitting

Word: telluride

Word: thistle
Front: thistle
[ˈθɪsl] (17374/12189)
Back: n. 蓟; 苏格兰的国徽
分布：名词(100%)
→一种多刺草本植物，来自古英语 thistel,蓟，来自 Proto-Germanic*thistilaz,刺毛，可能来自 stei,尖刺，词源同 stick,thorn.-el,小词后缀。
noun countable
■a wild plant with sharp points on the leaves and, typically, purple flowers 蓟（叶带尖刺，多开紫色花）
• The thistle is the national emblem of Scotland. 蓟是苏格兰的国花。

Word: tippler
Front: tippler
['tɪplə(r)] None
Back: n. 酒鬼，酒量大的人; 酒徒; 翻笼
分布：酒鬼(80%)，酒量大的人(20%)
UK [-lər] US [-l.ɚ] UK [-lɚ] informal
noun countable
■someone who often drinks alcohol 嗜酒者，酒徒
n. 酒鬼；倾卸装置；倾卸工
 - drunkard, bibber

Word: thespian
Front: thespian
['θespiən] (宝 30987/33722)
Vocabulary: thespian
(once / 20520 pages)
nadj
Thespian is a fancy word for actor. Since this word is related to Thespis, the guy who first took the stage in Ancient Greece, you can feel real scholarly using the word thespian.
As an adjective, you can use the word thespian to describe something that is related to drama. If you enjoy theater, you can say you enjoy thespian pursuits. Many high school drama clubs offer Thespian status to club members who earn a certain number of points by acting in shows or working on backstage tech for them. Note that the word thespian is sometimes capitalized because it is taken from a person's name.
WORD FAMILY
thespian: thespians
USAGE EXAMPLES
She befriended her fellow thespians and always looked beyond herself for meaning and satisfaction.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 01, 2017)
In this, they’re pretty much the opposite of those earlier performers, who were vaudevillian troupers before they were thespians.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Is it possible to outplay Abraham Lincoln, or his thespian impersonator?
The Guardian(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 戏剧的; 悲剧的
n. 演员; 悲剧演员
分布：演员(54%)，戏剧的(20%)，悲剧演员(13%)，悲剧的(13%)
→来自希腊语 Thespis,传说中生活于公元前 6 世纪的古希腊第一位戏剧演员，或第一位演悲剧 的演员，在古希腊戏剧史上被称”Father of Greek Tragedy”,古希腊悲剧之父。其字面意思 可能为神所眷顾的，来自 the-,神，词源同 theism,-sp,看，词源同 specter.
【记】源于古希腊悲剧创始者Thespis（泰斯庇斯）the神，s，pian骗：被神骗死了－悲剧的戏剧的。
['θes.pi.ən] formal
adjective
■connected with acting and the theatre 戏剧表演的
['θes.pi.ən] formal
noun countable
■an actor 演员

Word: trice
Front: trice
[traɪs] (35000/35396)
Back: n. 转眼之间，弹指一挥间，瞬息间
vt. <海>用绳索扯起，扯起并缚住，吊起
时态：triced, tricing, trices
分布：瞬间(72%)，吊起并缚住(28%)
→来自中古荷兰语 trisen,吊起，拉起，来自 trise,滑轮，词源不详。可能最终来自 ter,转动， 旋转，词源同 turn.后引申词义转眼，瞬间。
[traɪs] informal
noun only singular
in a trice
■in a very short time 刹那间，瞬间
• Jim had the wheel mended in a trice. 吉姆叫人一下子就把轮子修好了。
n. 瞬间
 - moment, breath, second, instant
vt. 吊起；扯起并用绳缚住
 - hoise

Word: uncouth
Front: uncouth
[ʌnˈku:θ] (托宝 27951/20264)
Vocabulary: uncouth
(once / 1612 pages)
adj
When you're at a fancy dinner party, if you burp after you eat, use your fingers to spread butter on your bread, and hang spoons from your nose, people will probably say you are uncouth, meaning vulgar and ill-mannered.
The adjective uncouth comes from Old English and it meant "unfamiliar or not well known." As the meaning developed, the word came to mean "rude, vulgar, or lacking refinement." Interestingly, the word uncouth came first and its antonym, couth, was developed to describe someone who is cultured, polished, and sophisticated. Although couth gets an entry in the dictionary, you will still hear the word uncouth used far more often.
WORD FAMILY
uncouth: uncouther, uncouthest, uncouthly, uncouthness+/ couth: couthly, uncouth /uncouthness: uncouthnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Tabloid newspapers fumed that Castro’s “uncouth primitives” had “killed, plucked, and cooked chickens in their rooms at the Shelburne and extinguished cigars on expensive carpets”.
The Guardian(Nov 27, 2016)
Although despised in Japan for his perceived cockiness and uncouth behavior, he was given a hero’s welcome when he returned to Mongolia in 2010.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 25, 2016)
That night some 3,000 teenagers showed up carrying signs with slogans like “Cops Uncouth to Youth” and “Give Back Our Streets”.
The Guardian(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 粗野的; （生活等）不文明的; 不舒适的; <古>不知道的
分布：笨拙的(47%)，粗俗的(40%)，无教养的(13%)
→un-, 不，非，couth, 有礼貌的，词源同can, could.
【记】un不，couth（adj 文雅有礼貌的）：粗野的读：un裤子，没穿裤子－不文雅的
【反】seemly（adj 适宜的）
disapproving
adjective
■behaving in a rude, unpleasant way 粗鲁的，不雅的，没教养的
• She found him loud-mouthed and uncouth. 她觉得他说话粗声大气，没有教养。
adj. 笨拙的；粗野的；不舒适的；陌生的
 - robust, strange, unknown, gross, rough

Word: unlearn
Front: unlearn
[ˌʌnˈlɜ:n] (28378/35612)
Back: v. 忘却
时态：unlearnt, unlearning, unlearns
分布：忘掉(76%)，去掉 ... 的弊习(12%)，从脑中删除掉(12%)
US [-'lɝ:n] verb transitive
■to make an effort to forget your usual way of doing something so that you can learn a new and sometimes better way 改掉，抛弃（旧习）
• I've had to unlearn the way I played guitar since I started taking formal lessons. 开始正规学习吉他课程了，我得丢掉以前弹吉他的习惯。
vt. 忘却；抛掉以前的想法；去掉…的弊习
 - out of mind, disremember

Word: unhurried
Front: unhurried
[ʌnˈhʌrid] (23580/20335)
Back: adj. 从容不迫的，不慌忙的; 缓; 逍遥
分布：从容不迫的(77%)，不慌不忙的(23%)
adj. 从容不迫的；不慌忙的；不急的
 - laid, leisureful

Word: unadorned
Front: unadorned
[ˌʌnəˈdɔ:nd] (托 19609/22704)
Vocabulary: unadorned
(once / 6607 pages)
adj
Something unadorned has no decorations or frills. It's plain, like a room with nothing on the walls or a person wearing purely functional clothes and no accessories.
To adorn something is to decorate it or to dress it up. If something is unadorned, it lacks decorations. An unadorned Christmas tree is just a plain old pine tree. If a woman’s face is unadorned, she’s not wearing makeup. The unadorned truth is the plain truth, with no nonsense. This word means about the same as undecorated, and it can often mean dull. But that’s a matter of taste.
WORD FAMILY
adorned: unadorned +/ adorn: adorned, adorning, adornment, adorns/ adornment: adornments
USAGE EXAMPLES
When he questioned the price of the unadorned pasta, Rosen was told it was priced the same as the one with seafood.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Instead of a tree, there’s an unadorned pole.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Some cars are unadorned – just gray sedans driving down the street.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 朴素的，未经装饰的; 不加装饰的
分布：朴素的(65%)，没有装饰的(21%)，不加渲染的(14%)
adj. 朴素的；未装饰的
 - plain, frugal

Word: unthinking
Front: unthinking
[ʌnˈθɪŋkɪŋ] (25017/19924)
Back: adj. 考虑不周的，未经考虑的
v. 改变想法，不想( unthink的现在分词 )
分布：无思考能力的(40%)，考虑不周的(20%)，疏忽的(20%)，轻率的(20%)
formal mainly disapproving
adjective
■not based on serious thought or an examination of the information 考虑不周的；不动脑筋的；不慎重的
• What annoys me about these people is their unthinking hostility to anything foreign or unfamiliar. 让我生气的是，这些人对任何外来的或是不熟悉的东西都不加区分地怀有敌意。
adj. 无思考能力的；不留心的；欠考虑的
 - heedless, unmindful

Word: unmentionable
Front: unmentionable
[ʌnˈmenʃənəbl] (31819/32757)
Back: adj. 说不出口的，不堪提起的; 为人所不齿; 说不得
分布：不堪提起的(30%)，说不出口的(30%)，不堪出口之物(20%)，裤子.(20%)
adjective
■shocking and embarrassing and therefore not allowed or disapproved of as a subject of conversation 不宜提及的；难以启齿的
• What's the matter with him - or is it some unmentionable disease that he doesn't like people to know about? 他怎么了——是得了甚么不想让人知道的隐疾吗？
n. 内衣；说不出口的事
 - shirt, undies

Word: wiry
Front: wiry
[ˈwaɪəri] (13236/21006)
Vocabulary: wiry
(once / 2470 pages)
adj
You can describe someone who's fairly thin and athletic as wiry. While a linebacker on a football team is typically big and broad, a marathon runner is more likely to be wiry.
The adjective wiry can be used in two different ways: first, to mean "lean and strong," like a wiry seven year-old gymnast. The second meaning is "resembling wire." You could describe your thick, impossibly curly hair as wiry, or the crazy coat of your terrier as wiry. In the late 1500s the word wiry meant "made of wire."
WORD FAMILY
wiry: wirier, wiriest, wirily, wiriness+/rewire: rewired, rewires, rewiring/unwire: unwired/wire: rewire, unwire, wired, wireless, wirer, wires, wiring, wiry /wireless: wirelesser, wirelesses, wirelessly/wirer: wirers/wiring: wirings
USAGE EXAMPLES
A black winter jacket and gray sweatpants hung on his wiry frame.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Some research suggests that these wiry, cylindrical little brushes ay be even more effective than dental floss.
Time(Dec 06, 2016)
At 61, Fisher is short and wiry, with thinning gray hair swept back over a high and gently tanned forehead.
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 金属丝的; 金属线制的; 铁丝似的; 瘦长结实的
级别：wirier, wiriest
分布：坚硬的(40%)，金属丝的(40%)，瘦而结实的(20%)
→来自wire,金属丝。
US ['waɪr.i] adjective
■(of people and animals) thin but strong, and often able to bend easily （人或动物）瘦而结实的
• He has a runner's wiry frame. 他的身材像跑步运动员一样瘦而结实。
■describes hair that is strong, thick and rough to touch （头发）硬的，粗硬的
adj. 金属线制的；金属丝般的；坚硬的；瘦长结实的；（噪音）尖细的
 - rigid, flinty

Word: vroom
Front: vroom
[vru:m] (35517/47256)
Back: n. （赛车等加大油门高速行驶时发出的）呜呜声
v. 发呜呜声
时态：vroomed, vrooming, vrooms
分布：发呜呜声(50%)，呜呜声(25%)，=varoom.(25%)
→拟声词。
[vru:m] [vrʊm] informal
exclamation
■a written representation of the sound of a car engine at high speed （汽车高速行驶时发出的）呜呜声
vi. 发呜呜声
 - whine

Word: waistcoat
Front: waistcoat
[ˈweɪskəʊt] (22595/11919 -1)
Back: n. 马甲; 背心
分布：背心(68%)，马甲(32%)
US [-koʊt/ UK ['wes.kət] UK (US vest)
noun countable
■a piece of clothing that covers the upper body but not the arms and usually has buttons down the front, worn over a shirt 西服背心；马夹
n. 背心； [服装] 马甲
 - gilet, vest

Word: wilkes

Word: virtuosity
Front: virtuosity
[ˌvɜ:tʃuˈɒsəti] (研宝 20404/24751)
Vocabulary: virtuosity
(once / 10775 pages)
n
Use the noun virtuosity to describe an impressive skill, such as a classical musician's virtuosity at playing the cello.
Lots of people have talents, but only a select few, called virtuosos, have the superior quality of virtuosity. A piano virtuoso, for example, is able to play and improvise at the highest level possible. People can also display virtuosity in speaking, in writing computer code, in cooking, or in other skills. In the late fifteenth century, virtuosity specifically meant "manly qualities," from the Latin root virtutem, "manliness, valor, or excellence."
WORD FAMILY
virtuosity: virtuosities+/ virtue: virtues, virtuous / virtuous: virtuosity, virtuousest, virtuously, virtuousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ms. Childs, now 76, has long been famous for her choreography’s blend of dance minimalism, sprightly virtuosity and geometric patterns.
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
He has what Mozart once told a friend was more important than virtuosity: taste and feeling.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 27, 2016)
To liberals, these creative choices enhanced the show’s virtuosity.
Washington Post(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. （在美术、音乐等方面的）精湛技艺; 对艺术品（或古董等）的爱好; （总称）艺术爱好者; 古董收藏家
分布：精湛技巧(61%)，艺术爱好者(26%)，对艺术品的欣赏或爱好(13%)
→来自virtue,男人的品行，坚毅，果敢，勇气等，词义抽象化为高超技艺。
(技艺)精湛(来自virtuoso)[vir=man,表示"男人"]
【记】virtu＝virtue（n 美德；优点），osity：精湛技巧
【反】mediocrity（n 平常；平庸）

Word: humpty

Word: hysteresis
Front: hysteresis
[ˌhɪstə'ri:sɪs] (33384/45754)
Back: n. 滞后作用，磁滞现象; 滞变
分布：滞后现象(100%)

Word: interpersonal
Front: interpersonal
[ˌɪntəˈpɜ:sənl] (托 7026/12987 -1)
Vocabulary: interpersonal
(once / 41183 pages)
adj
Interpersonal refers to something involving, or occurring among several people. Interpersonal skills refer to our ability to get along with others.
The adjective interpersonal really only has one meaning, so when you hear this word, you know you're hearing about interactions between people. Sometimes corporations find it useful to train their employees on any interpersonal skills they may be lacking, especially if they have a group of really socially awkward people, because it really does make the work environment a lot easier if your coworkers all get along with one another.
WORD FAMILY
interpersonal: interpersonally+/depersonalise: depersonalisation, depersonalising/depersonalize: depersonalization, depersonalized, depersonalizing/ impersonal: impersonally/nonperson: nonpersons/ person: foreperson, nonperson, personable, personal, personhood, personify, persons, unperson/ personable: personableness, personabler, personably/ personal: impersonal, interpersonal, nonpersonal, personalise, personality, personalize, personally, personals/personalise: depersonalise, personalised, personalising/ personality: personalities/personalize: depersonalize, personalized, personalizes, personalizing/ personification: personifications/ personify: personification, personified, personifies, personifying/unperson: unpersons
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I think there is an argument for emotional intelligence – empathy and interpersonal skills, in particular – being taught in schools,” he says.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
He said this interpersonal element is what is missing from many retail stores and online shopping experiences.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 16, 2016)
“We get some credit interpersonally when we say this time of year is not about getting gifts, it’s about being grateful,” said Ward.
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 人与人之间的; 人际的; 人与人之间的关系的; 涉及人与人之间的关系的
分布：人与人之间的(60%)，人际关系的(40%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，personal,人的。
人与人之间的(inter+personal个人的)[inter-表示"在…之间,相互"]
US [-tˌɚ'pɝ:-] adjective
■connected with relationships between people 人际的
• The successful applicant will have excellent interpersonal skills. 成功的申请人应具有出色的人际交往技巧。

Word: matrimony
Front: matrimony
[ˈmætrɪməni] (雅 23355/33253)
Vocabulary: matrimony
(once / 902 pages)
n
Matrimony is just a fancy way of saying "marriage." When a couple ties the knot, they are engaging in matrimony.
You can describe the actual wedding celebration as matrimony, and also the state of being married, although it's a formal word most often used in documents and in the words of the ceremony. The Latin word for matrimony is matrimonium, which comes from combining mater, "mother," with the suffix monium, "action or condition." In the old days, matrimony was basically the same thing as making a woman into a wife and mother.
WORD FAMILY
matrimony: matrimonial, matrimonies+/ matrimonial: matrimonially
USAGE EXAMPLES
Like the love of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, Evangelicalism 101 also teaches the holy trinity of matrimony: man, woman, church.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Clearly, something is rotten in the state of matrimony.
Washington Post(Sep 12, 2016)
It took two feminist revolutions before those laws were dismantled and women could emerge from matrimony their own subjects.
Time(Aug 08, 2016)
Back: n. 结婚，婚姻生活
分布：婚姻(74%)，结婚(26%)
→matri-,母亲，-mony,名词后缀，词源同alimony.比喻用法。
[matri母→婚姻,-mony名词字尾]婚姻,结婚[母matr(i);mater;metro]
noun uncountable formal
■the state of being married 婚姻；婚姻生活
n. 结婚，婚礼；婚姻生活
 - marriage, wedding

Word: photosensitive
Front: photosensitive
[ˌfəʊtəʊˈsensətɪv] (托 38340/-)
Back: adj. 光敏的，感光的
分布：感光性的(100%)
→phot-,光，sensitive,敏感的。
US [ˌfoʊ.tˌoʊ'sent.sə-] adjective
■reacting to light 感光的
• a photosensitive lens/chemical/surface 感光镜头／化学物质／表面
adj. [电子] 光敏的；感光性的
 - light-sensitive

Word: phobic
Front: phobic
[ˈfəʊbɪk] (28302/-)
Vocabulary: phobic
(once / 161909 pages)
adj
If you're so scared of germs that you aren't able to shake people's hands or touch doorknobs, you can call yourself phobic. People who are phobic have strong, irrational fears.
A fear that isn't based in reality is a phobia, and someone who has this kind of fear is phobic. It's not uncommon to be phobic of heights, airplanes, snakes, or the dark. Being phobic goes beyond a dislike or mild anxiety, though — if you're truly phobic of something, you're sometimes unable to face it without trembling or feeling your heart race. The Greek root, phobos, means "fear."
WORD FAMILY
phobic: phobically+/ phobia: phobias, phobic
USAGE EXAMPLES
For example, hydrophilic and -phobic groups arrange themselves differently in polar or non-polar liquids.
Nature(Dec 13, 2016)
She is phobic and I don’t want to alarm her.
The Guardian(Nov 17, 2016)
“I obviously agree that he’s racist, he’s sexist, he’s phobic, he’s misogynistic. He’s all these things you don’t want in a leader,” she said.
Washington Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 病态性恐惧的
分布：恐惧症的(59%)，恐惧症患者(41%)
→来自phobia,恐惧症，-ic,形容词后缀。后词义由形容词转化为名词。
US ['foʊ-] informal
adjective
■having a strong dislike of something 憎恨的；惧怕的
• Why are so many companies phobic about employing fat people? 为甚么有这么多公司害怕雇用胖子？

Word: philanderer
Front: philanderer
[fɪˈlændərə(r)] (31403/42883)
Vocabulary: philanderer
(once / 45635 pages)
n
A philanderer is a guy who likes women. A lot. So much that he's got a beautiful wife — and a date with a different girl every weekend.
The phil in philanderer means "love" and a philanderer's love never seems to stop. "So many ladies, so little time..." — That may just be the motto of the quintessential philanderer, those delightful serial womanizers who specialize in brief affairs of the carnal kind. A philandering husband doesn't just have a wandering eye. He also has wandering hands, and probably a long line of jilted lovers.
WORD FAMILY
philanderer: philanderers+/ philander: philandered, philanderer, philandering, philanders
USAGE EXAMPLES
During a 2003 production of George Bernard Shaw’s “The Philanderer,” actor Conrad Feininger would briefly cross behind the set, out of the audience’s view.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
Her new neighbors don’t like her much, especially after a store-bought quiche she enters in a baking contest seems to have poisoned the resident philanderer.
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Suddenly, the long-divorced philanderer has an incentive to remarry, and Marla, rather than auditioning for a movie, turns out to be auditioning for his life.
The New Yorker(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. 爱和女人调情的男人，玩弄女性的男人
分布：玩弄女性的男人(60%)，爱和女人调情的男人(40%)
→来自philander,调戏，玩弄女性。
US [-dɚ.ɚ] old-fashioned disapproving
noun countable
■a man who enjoys having sex with a lot of different women without becoming emotionally involved with any of them 玩弄女性者；风流男子

Word: postmaster
Front: postmaster
[ˈpəʊstmɑ:stə(r)] (托 21445/25569)
Back: n. 邮政局长
分布：名词(100%)
US ['poʊstˌmæs.tɚ] noun countable
■a person who is in charge of a post office 邮政局长

Word: possessor
Front: possessor
[pəˈzesə(r)] (24323/18789)
Back: n. <正>拥有者
分布：持有人(55%)，所有人(45%)
US [-ɚ] formal or humorous
noun countable usually singular
■someone who owns something 持有人，拥有人，所有人
• I'm pleased to say that I'm now the proud possessor of a driving licence! 我很高兴地宣布我现在非常骄傲地持有驾驶执照了！
n. [法] 持有人；所有人
 - holder, proprietary

Word: porcine
Front: porcine
[ˈpɔ:saɪn] (宝 32137/28983)
Vocabulary: porcine
(once / 40617 pages)
adj
You might be tempted to describe your greedy lunch companions as porcine, but you should try to resist the urge. Porcine means "like a pig."
The adjective porcine is a scientific term for talking about pigs, but it's also useful for describing anything — or anyone — resembling a pig. A large, shiny-faced man might appear porcine to you, and so might a group of hungry kids who shove and jostle each other to get their hands on a plate of brownies. The Latin root is porcus, or "pig."
WORD FAMILY
porcine: porcinely
USAGE EXAMPLES
Those that were more cautious about the cone were deemed “reactive” — and reactive pigs are more likely to be victimized in porcine groups.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
I'm afraid that will only happen when there are porcine pilots.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
It was not the Brotherhood’s first porcine protest.
Economist(Sep 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 猪的，似猪的
分布：猪的(82%)，似猪的(18%)
→来自拉丁语porcus,猪，词源同pork.-ine,形容词后缀。
猪的(pore+ine表形容词,如：piscine鱼的)[porc=pig,表示"猪"]
猪的(porc猪+ine)[-ine 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人或女人"3.表名词"状态,药物等"]
adj. 猪的，像猪的
 - swinish

Word: portraiture
Front: portraiture
[ˈpɔ:trətʃə(r)] (托 19055/17347)
Back: n. 肖像画法; 描绘; 描写; 传真
分布：肖像画(94%)，肖像画法(6%)
US ['pɔ:r.trɪ.tʃɚ] specialized
noun uncountable
■the practice or art of making portraits 肖像绘制；肖像画技法；人像摄影（法）

Word: polypropylene
Front: polypropylene
[ˌpɒliˈprəʊpəli:n] (22630/25066)
Back: n. 聚丙烯
分布：聚丙烯(100%)

Word: programmatic
Front: programmatic
[ˌprəʊgrəˈmætɪk] (16989/35199)
Back: adj. 标题音乐的，节目的; 纲领性
分布：标题音乐的(40%)，节目的(34%)，计划性的(26%)
→来自program,程序，计划。
ADJ
纲领性的；计划性的
Programmatic ideas or policies follow a particular programme.
例：He gave up on programmatic politics and turned his back on public life.他放弃了按部就班的政治工作，不再参与公众事务。

Word: pseudonymous
Front: pseudonymous
[sju:'dɒnɪməs] (36030/-)
Back: adj. 使用笔名的，匿名的
分布：匿名的(50%)，使用笔名的(50%)
adj. 匿名的；使用笔名的；使用假名的
 - anonymous, faceless

Word: sledge
Front: sledge
[sledʒ] (宝 21425/16483 -1)
Back: n. 雪橇，雪车; 大锤
vi. 乘雪橇
vt. 用雪橇运载; 乘雪橇; 用大锤打
时态：sledged, sledging, sleds
分布：雪橇(73%)，大锤(12%)，用雪橇搬运(5%)，坐雪橇(5%)，用大锤敲打(5%)
→来自 sled 拼写变体，拼写受-dge 影响。sledge 大锤，重锤
UK (US sled)
noun countable
■an object used for travelling over snow and ice which has long narrow strips of wood or metal under it instead of wheels, and which is either a low frame, or (also sleigh) a vehicle like a carriage pulled by horses or dogs 雪橇
[sledʒ] UK (US sled)
verb intransitive or transitive
■to ride or travel on snow using a sledge 乘雪橇
vt. 用雪橇搬运；乘雪橇；用大锤打
 - sleigh
vi. 用大锤打；猛击；乘雪橇
 - drive, belt
n. 雪橇； [五金] 大锤
 - cariole, carriole

Word: skit
Front: skit
[skɪt] (宝 16515/39540)
Back: n. 讽刺文; 小喜剧; <口>若干; 一群
分布：滑稽短剧(87%)，讽刺文章(13%)
→来自古义 skit,轻快的跑，来自古诺斯语 skjata,投掷，射，词源同 shoot.后用于指唐突无礼或 恣意妄为的女孩，再后用于指讽刺评论，讽刺文章，滑稽短剧。
【记】两个男人穿着skirt演skit，发生skirmish。
【参】skittish（adj 女人轻佻的；轻快活泼的）
noun countable
■a short funny play which makes a joke of something 幽默短剧
• I thought the skit on politicians was really funny. 我觉得这出讽刺政客的幽默短剧确实很好笑。

Word: sis
Front: sis
[sɪs] (26692/22287)
Back: n. 妹妹，姐姐
noun countable usually singular informal for
■sister 姊妹
n. 姐妹（等于sister）
 - sister, tittie

Word: slimline
Front: slimline
[ˈslɪmlaɪn] (-/25352)
Back: 细线电缆
分布：细管(细长管(50%)，细线)(50%)
['slɪm.laɪn] UK
adjective
■(of liquid added to an alcoholic drink to make it last longer) containing little or no sugar （饮料）不含糖的，低糖的
• I'll have a gin and slimline tonic , please. 我要一杯杜松子酒加无糖奎宁水。
■designed to be less wide than the ordinary type 细长的（设计为比普通类型窄的）
• a slimline dishwasher 一台细长型洗碗机

Word: steamship
Front: steamship
[ˈsti:mʃɪp] (22090/26563)
Back: n. 汽船，大轮船
分布：轮船(57%)，汽船(43%)
→steam,蒸汽，ship,船。
noun countable
■a ship which moves by steam power 汽船；轮船
n. 轮船；汽船
 - boat, streamboat

Word: spindly
Front: spindly
[ˈspɪndli] (宝 18091/20749)
Back: adj. （尤指腿）细长的，纤弱的
分布：细长的(85%)，纤弱的(15%)
细长的(spindle纺锤)[-ly 1.表形容词,通常加在名词后2.表副词,通常放在形容词后]
【记】源于：spin（v 旋转；纺织；n 旋转；纺锤）纺锤形状细长
【参】spinster（n 未婚妇女；老处女）整天spin的ster女人。
adjective
■long or tall and thin, and looking weak 细长瘦弱的；长而纤弱的
• spindly legs 细长的腿
• a plant with a spindly stem 长着细长茎的植物
adj. 细长的；纺锤形的
 - slender, slight

Word: sloganeer
Front: sloganeer
[ˌsləʊgə'nɪə] (40044/-)
Back: vi. 大量使用标语口号
n. 标语口号作者
时态：sloganeered, sloganeering, sloganeers
分布：大量使用标语(67%)，标语作者(33%)

Word: soapbox
Front: soapbox
[ˈsəʊpbɒks] (27344/39295)
Vocabulary: soapbox
(once / 38880 pages)
n
A soapbox is anything a public speaker stands on to address a crowd. A first grader giving a speech on the playground in favor of longer recess might use her lunchbox as a soapbox.
The original soapboxes were just that — wooden boxes originally holding bars of soap (in the days before cardboard). Just before World War I, street speeches were common, and speakers often used soapboxes to raise themselves above their audience. Since then, "on a soapbox" has become a metaphor for "expressing very strong opinions about a topic." If you lecture your meat-loving family about vegetarianism again, they might tell you to shut up and get off your soapbox.
WORD FAMILY
soapbox: soapboxes
USAGE EXAMPLES
None of that is likely to stop celebrities from using their own soapboxes to promote their politics.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
These voices have long been relegated to the fringes of politics and there’s no reason to give them a soapbox now.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 16, 2016)
It was a relaxed kind of self-possession, girl power without a soapbox.
The Guardian(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: n. 肥皂箱
分布：肥皂箱(70%)，即兴演说的(10%)，临时演说舞台(10%)，肥皂盒的(10%)
US ['soʊp.bɑ:ks] noun countable
■a rough wooden box or any raised temporary platform for people to stand on while making informal public speeches 临时演讲台； 肥皂箱
UK ['səʊp.bɒks] US ['soʊp.bɑ:ks] noun countable
get on your soapbox informal
■to express your opinions about a particular subject forcefully （激烈地）发表看法
• She never misses the chance to get on her soapbox about government reform. 她从不错过任何可以发表对政府改革看法的机会。

Word: slicker
Front: slicker
[ˈslɪkə(r)] (18729/33859)
Back: n. 雨衣，骗子，刮子
adj. 顺利而有效的( slick的比较级 ); 不费力的; 圆滑的; 光滑的
分布：雨衣(54%)，骗子(20%)，防水衣(13%)，衣着讲究世故老练的城市佬(13%)
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■ a city slicker
n. 雨衣；骗子； [机] [皮革] 刮刀
 - fraud, sharp, raincoat

Word: stupor
Front: stupor
[ˈstju:pə(r)] (宝 19814/21978)
Vocabulary: stupor
(once / 1792 pages)
n
A person in a stupor is considered barely conscious or stunned; or, if you consult Led Zeppelin lyrics: dazed and confused.
Stupors can be brought on by drugs, alcohol, illness, or shocking news. You might doze off with a lampshade on your head if you’re in a drunken stupor. Medically speaking, a person in this state responds only to pain. You can also be in a stupor if you’re in shock, like if your boss says he's replacing you with a robot, or if Mister Ed the talking horse kicks you in the gut. Like stupid, it comes from the Latin word stupere that means basically “to be stunned.”
WORD FAMILY
stupor: stuporous, stupors+/ stuporous: stuporously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Both women blacked out and later awoke to the groggy reality that something wrong had occurred that they couldn’t immediately comprehend in their drug-induced stupor.
The Guardian(Nov 29, 2016)
Do you have other options besides watching him drink himself into a stupor on these monthly binges?
Slate(Nov 15, 2016)
It takes a force of nature to shake him — literally — from his stupor and get him back out in the world.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 目光呆滞; 恍惚; 昏迷; 惊愕
分布：昏迷(60%)，麻木(20%)，不省人事(20%)
→来自拉丁语 stupor,恍惚，麻木，神志不清，来自 stupere,震惊，困惑，词源同 stupid.
【记】stup＝stupid吓呆，or－昏迷
US ['stu:.pɚ] noun countable usually singular
■a state in which a person is almost unconscious and their thoughts are not clear 昏迷；神智不清，恍惚
• He was lying under the table in a drunken stupor. 他躺在桌子底下，烂醉如泥。
n. 昏迷，恍惚；麻木
 - coma, exanimation

Word: whither
Front: whither
[ˈwɪðə(r)] (25849/32654)
Back: adv. 到哪里，什么目的
conj. 无论到哪里
n. 去处，目的地
分布：往何处(45%)，无论到哪里(25%)，去处(18%)，到何种情况(12%)
→whi-, 谁，哪里，词源同who,where,-ther,向，从，来自hither,thither.
US [-ɚ] old use
adverb
■to where 去哪里，去何处
• Whither are they going? 他们要去哪里？

Word: wisecrack
Front: wisecrack
[ˈwaɪzkræk] (25422/38431)
Back: n. 俏皮话
v. 说俏皮话，俏皮地说
时态：wisecracked, wisecracking, wisecracks
分布：俏皮话(100%)
→wise,聪明的，智慧的，crack,俚语义，吹牛。
['waɪz.kræk] informal
noun countable
■a remark which is intended as a clever joke, especially one which criticizes someone （尤指用来批评的）妙语，俏皮话
• He made some wisecrack about my lack of culinary ability. 他说了些俏皮话讽刺我不会烹饪。
n. 俏皮话
 - one-liner, jeu de mots
vi. 说俏皮话
 - crack wise, play on words

Word: zoned

Word: woodwork
Front: woodwork
[ˈwʊdwɜ:k] (15187/11268 -1)
Back: n. 木制品; 木器; 木工手艺; 木工活
分布：木制品(72%)，木工活(28%)
US [-wɝ:k] noun uncountable
STRUCTURE 结构
■the wooden parts of a building, especially a house （尤指房子的）木构件
• There's some rotting woodwork on the outside of the house that we need to replace. 房子的外部有些腐烂的木构件我们需要更换掉。
■UK informal
■any part of the wooden or metal frame that forms part of a goal in football （足球中的）门柱，横梁
• Liverpool hit the woodwork twice in the first half. 上半场利物浦队两次击中门柱。
UK ['wʊd.wɜ:k] US [-wɝ:k] noun uncountable
ACTIVITY 行动 mainly UK (US usually woodworking)
■the activity of making objects such as furniture from wood 木工工作
• woodwork classes/lessons 木工班／课
• I used to enjoy woodwork at school. 我过去上学时喜欢上木工课。
UK ['wʊd.wɜ:k] US [-wɝ:k] noun uncountable
come/crawl out of the woodwork mainly disapproving
■to appear after having been hidden or not active for a long time （长期隐藏或沉寂后）公开露面，活跃起来
• After you've been in a relationship for a while all sorts of little secrets start to come out of the woodwork. 在你谈了一段恋爱之后，各种各样的小秘密就都冒了出来。

Word: woodpecker
Front: woodpecker
[ˈwʊdpekə(r)] (六 16605/24508)
Back: n. 啄木鸟
分布：啄木鸟(100%)
→wood,木头，pecker,啄木鸟。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a bird which uses its strong beak to make holes in tree trunks in order to find insects to eat 啄木鸟
n. [鸟] 啄木鸟
 - peckerwood, Marc Dorcel, hickwall

Word: zippy
Front: zippy
[ˈzɪpi] (27737/45842)
Back: adj. <非正>能迅速移动的
级别：zippier, zippiest
→来自zip,快速。
['zɪp.i] informal approving
adjective
■energetic or fast 精力充沛的；敏捷的
• a zippy car 速度很快的汽车
• a zippy performance 充满活力的表演
adj. 敏捷的；活泼的；喜悦的
 - alive, fly, sharp, lively, keen

Word: wuxi

Word: alder
Front: alder
[ˈɔ:ldə(r)] (托 18527/16030)
Back: n. 桤木
分布：桤木(100%)
→来自PIE *el, 树名。

Word: ainu

Word: amadou

Word: angler
Front: angler
[ˈæŋglə(r)] (6803/7452 -2)
Vocabulary: angler
(once / 1637 pages)
1n 2n 3n
If you go fishing with a rod and a fishing line with a hook at the end of it, you're an angler. An angler might fish off the end of a dock, or from a rowboat in the middle of a lake.
Anglers are distinguished by the fact that they fish with metal hooks, and they often release the fish they catch. You can also call one type of fish an angler, short for anglerfish, a big-headed, relatively small-bodied fish. Angler was originally a last name, and came to mean "fisherman" by about 1500, from the verb angle, "fish with a hook," from the Old English angel, which means "angle," but also "fishhook."
WORD FAMILY
angler: anglers+/ angle: angled, angler, angles, angling, angular, angulate/angling: anglings/ angular: angularest, angularity, angularly/angularity: angularities/angulate: angulated, angulating, angulation
USAGE EXAMPLES
While the majority of our Pacific Northwest society might think winter salmon anglers are significantly disturbed, I beg to differ.
Seattle Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Anglers should also plan to be mobile and willing to drive their boats on trailers to where the better fishing opportunities are happening.
Seattle Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Season total – Four anglers caught no fish for 27.0 hours fished.
Seattle Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Back: n. 垂钓者; 钓鱼; 沽名钓誉者，追逐（名利等）的人; 琵琶鱼
分布：琵琶鱼(56%)，钓鱼者(44%)
US [-glɚ] noun countable
■a person whose hobby is catching fish 垂钓者
n. 钓鱼；琵琶鱼；钓鱼者；用不正当手段谋取好处的人
 - gentle craft, rodster

Word: alumina
Front: alumina
[əˈlu:mɪnə] (36065/38411)
Back: n. 氧化铝，矾土; 铝土
分布：氧化铝(92%)，矾土(8%)
n. [无化] 氧化铝；矾土
 - aluminium oxide, AlO

Word: afghani

Word: assembler
Front: assembler
[əˈsemblə(r)] (27756/27108)
Back: n. 装配工; 汇编程序; 低级编码; 汇编语言
分布：装配工(80%)，〈计〉汇编程序(20%)
n. [计] 汇编程序；汇编机； [机] 装配工
 - assembly program, assembly routine

Word: antioxidant
Front: antioxidant
[ˌæntiˈɒksɪdənt] (11143/-)
Back: n. 抗氧化剂，硬化防止剂
分布：抗氧化剂(100%)
→前缀anti-, 相对，相反。词根ox, 氧，见oxygen.
US [-tˌi-] noun countable
■a substance which slows down the rate at which something decays because of oxidization (= combining with oxygen) 抗氧化剂，阻氧化剂，防老（化）剂
n. 抗氧化剂；硬化防止剂； [助剂] 防老化剂
 - oxidation inhibitor, aging proof agent

Word: assemblage
Front: assemblage
[əˈsemblɪdʒ] (托 11966/9354)
Vocabulary: assemblage
(once / 1284 pages)
n
An assemblage is a bunch of parts, pieces, or people collected together into an organized group, always for some specific purpose.
On August 28, 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech in Washington DC to hundreds of thousands of citizens — an assemblage of people who all wanted to end racism. A computer is an assemblage of wires and microchips. An artist who makes sculptures from trash creates assemblages of recycled materials. The word assemblage is related to assembly — which sometimes refers to a gathering in the gymnasium that you’d like to skip.
WORD FAMILY
assemblage: assemblages+/ assemble: assemblage, assembled, assembler, assembles, assembling, disassemble, preassemble, reassemble /assembler: assemblers/assembling: assemblings/ disassemble: disassembled, disassembles, disassembling, disassembly/preassemble: preassembled/ reassemble: reassembled, reassembles, reassembling
USAGE EXAMPLES
“We don’t want confrontation with anyone — we don’t need it,” official media outlets quoted him as telling an assemblage of Russian political elite.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 01, 2016)
These are visceral assemblages that wryly comment on the nature of bureaucracy, corruption, politics and society — in ways that are way more fun than CNN.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Jewell says the transfer means the tribe now has full legal control and may take permanent possession of the Spirit Cave Assemblage.
Washington Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: n. 装配; 聚集; （聚集在一起的）一堆东西; 组合成的艺术品
分布：装配(66%)，聚集(29%)，集合的人或物(5%)
noun
countable formal
■a collection of things or a group of people or animals （集合在一起的）一群人（或动物），一批东西
• A varied assemblage of birds was probing the mud for food. 一大群各种各样的鸟在泥沼中觅食。
uncountable
■the process of joining or putting things together 组合；装配
n. [机] 装配； [古] 集合；聚集；集会；集合物；聚集的物或人
 - collection, convergence, set, fishing, fabrication

Word: anvil
Front: anvil
[ˈænvɪl] (宝 17970/20045)
Vocabulary: anvil
(once / 2714 pages)
1n 2n
An anvil is a heavy block of iron or steel that blacksmiths use to shape metal. It's durable enough to withstand red hot metals and repeated hammer blows, but you don't want your foot to be under if it falls off the table.
We most often associate anvils with metalworking (or cartoon coyotes standing in the wrong place at the wrong time), but did you know that there is also a tiny bone in the middle ear called the anvil? It works with other small bones to transmit vibrations that allow us to hear noises. Scientists also call this bone the incus, but it got the name anvil because of its similarity to the blacksmith’s tool. They may be the same shape, but the bone weighs a few milligrams, while the tool can weigh hundreds of pounds.
WORD FAMILY
anvil: anvils
USAGE EXAMPLES
One of the more popular races is the Quintuple Anvil, which grew to 16 competitors this year from seven in 2013, its inaugural year.
New York Times(Nov 01, 2016)
It was as if a blacksmith had an anvil in my head.
Ishmael Beah, A Long Way Gone: Memoirs of a Boy S...(2007)
Club also covered the episode by saying its writers were “about as subtle as an anvil.”
Washington Times(Oct 25, 2016)
Back: n. （铁）砧; <解>砧骨
分布：铁砧(100%)
→an同on. -vil, 同词根pul, 击，打，见pulse, 脉膊。
【记】读：安危喔。铁砧真是痛苦，我很同情它，每天被铁锤所蹂躏与践踏，过着安危不定的生活。
noun countable
EQUIPMENT 设备
■a heavy block of iron on which heated pieces of metal are shaped by hammering 铁砧
['æn.vɪl] noun countable
BONE 骨 specialized
■one of the small bones of the ear 砧骨
n. [物] 铁砧； [解剖] 砧骨
 - incus, stithy

Word: babylonian

Word: bacillus
Front: bacillus
[bəˈsɪləs] (23889/28550)
Back: n. 杆菌
分布：细菌(82%)，杆状菌(18%)
→来自拉丁词 bacilum, 杆，棍，指该细菌在显微镜下形如杆，词源同bachelor.
[bə'sɪl.əs] (plural bacilli) specialized
noun countable
■a bacterium (= an extremely small organism) which is shaped like a rod. There are various types of bacillus, some of which can cause disease. 杆菌
n. [微] 杆菌；芽孢杆菌；细菌
 - Lactobacillaceae, bacterium

Word: avignon
Front: avignon
[əˈvi:nj:ŋ] (-/24425)
Back: n. 阿维尼昂绸
分布：阿维尼昂绸(100%)

Word: backhanded
Front: backhanded
[ˌbækˈhændɪd] (宝 30418/39430)
Back: adj. （恭维话）讽刺挖苦的; 假惺惺的; （网球等运动）反手击球的; 用反手的
分布：间接的(54%)，反手拍击的(28%)，动词backhand的过去式和过去分词形式.(9%)，讽刺的(9%)
【反】forthright（adj 直接的）
adjective
■(of something said) seeming pleasant but possibly criticizing or being unkind in reality （话语中）隐含批评（或讥讽）的
• a backhanded compliment 隐含挖苦的恭维话
adj. 间接的；反手拍击的
 - indirect, circular

Word: binder
Front: binder
[ˈbaɪndə(r)] (12699/12878 -1)
Vocabulary: binder
(once / 4569 pages)
n
A binder is a kind of notebook meant to hold loose papers together. You might have a binder for each of the classes you're taking.
One type of binder has three metal rings that keep papers securely in place, and hard plastic covers to protect them from being bent or torn. You can also use the word binder when you're talking about a sticky or adhesive substance, or anything that binds two items together. The Old English root is bindere, "a person who binds," from bindan, "to tie up."
WORD FAMILY
binder: binders+/ bind: bindable, binded, binder, bindery, binding, binds, rebind, unbind/bindery: binderies/binding: bindingly, bindings/rebind: rebinding, rebinds/unbind: unbinding, unbinds
USAGE EXAMPLES
Massachusetts, unlike many other states, explicitly allows transgender youth to wear binders to compress their breasts, or breast-like inserts under their shirts.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
In a green leatherette binder in a room beside her office, tax records show the golf club’s property taxes were $400,000 in 2016.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Several Konkel pieces feature large areas of brushed aluminum whose glistening surfaces mirror Binder’s shiny steel.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 包扎物，包扎工具; [法]临时契约; 粘合剂; 装订工
分布：粘合剂(60%)，活页夹(24%)，活页封面(8%)，缚者(4%)，用以绑缚之物(4%)
US [-dɚ] noun countable
■a hard cover in which paper documents or magazines are stored 活页夹
• a leather/plastic binder 皮质／塑胶活页夹
■* a bookbinder
n. [胶粘] [药] 粘合剂；活页夹；装订工；捆缚者；用以绑缚之物
 - adhesive bonding, binding agent

Word: blastocyst
Front: blastocyst
['blæstəsɪst] (32125/-)
Back: n. 胚泡; 胚囊
分布：胚泡(49%)，囊胚(48%)，=blastula.(3%)

Word: bantu

Word: biz
Front: biz
[bɪz] (15902/34509 -1)
Back: n. 商业; 生意
分布：商业(64%)，生意(30%)，=business.(6%)
N-SING
娱乐业（尤指流行音乐或电影业）
Biz is sometimes used to refer to the entertainment business, especially pop music or films.
例：We asked women in the biz for their low-down on film-making.我们问了娱乐圈里的女性有关电影制作的内幕。
例：...a girl in the music biz.音乐界的一个女孩
n. 商业（等于business）
 - commerce, commercial business

Word: beseech
Front: beseech
[bɪˈsi:tʃ] (宝 21052/22521)
Vocabulary: beseech
(once / 420 pages)
v
If you're begging for something but you want to sound formal and a little old-fashioned, say "I beseech you!" It really captures how urgent and desperate you are, yet perhaps saves a shred of your dignity.
Beseech sounds a little like seek, which is appropriate. To beseech is to seek for something, or for permission. It is commonly used when people have an urgent request of clergy, or of a formal elder. It definitely adds dramatic undertones to whatever you're talking about. When your very life is on the line, it's your last hope, and you have nowhere else to turn, it's time to start beseeching.
WORD FAMILY
beseech: beseeched, beseeches, beseeching, besought+/beseeching: beseechingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
As Hussein walked the streets with his troops, a man approached, beseeching the soldiers for help to protect his family on the IS-controlled side.
Seattle Times(Nov 27, 2016)
Indigenous rituals beseeching the gods for rain have taken on a particular urgency this year and last, when the drought began.
The Guardian(Nov 25, 2016)
At one point, Bob’s perhaps-imaginary girlfriend beseeches him to work harder to keep this story together.
Washington Post(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: vt. 恳求，乞求（某事物）
时态：beseeched, beseeching, beseeches
分布：恳求(71%)，乞求(29%)
【记】1）seech＝seek寻求－恳求2）be被动，see看，ch读：吃。天天被人看还有吃的—那是佛爷—天天被祈求，被恳求的对象。比如：北京的卧佛寺（被G友们戏称为offer寺），香火极盛，没拿到offer的都去那里祈求、恳求offer，据说很灵。
(beseeched or besought, beseeched or besought) old use
verb transitive
■to ask for something in a way that shows you need it very much; beg 悬求，哀求
• Stay a little longer, I beseech you! 多留一会儿吧，我求求你！
vt. 恳求，哀求；乞求，急切地要求得到
 - pray for, obsecrate

Word: biochemist
Front: biochemist
[ˌbaɪəʊˈkemɪst] (22720/25953)
Back: n. 生物化学家
分布：生物化学家(100%)

Word: butch
Front: butch
[bʊtʃ] (25592/23678 -1)
Back: adj. <美>（同性恋女子）男性化的; （男子发型）平头的; 粗鲁的男人或男孩
n. <美俚>粗鲁的男人或男孩; 充当男性角色的女同性恋者
v. 使崩溃，弄糟; 惨杀，屠杀
分布：男性化的(67%)，有男子气的(33%)
→来自buck, 雄鹿。插入字母t.
adjective
■(of a woman) looking or behaving like a man, or (of a man) being very strong and muscular, and behaving in a traditionally male way （女子）男性化的；（男子）男子气的，雄纠纠气昂昂的

Word: caicos

Word: cakewalk
Front: cakewalk
[ˈkeɪkwɔ:k] (26660/-)
Back: n. 很容易做的事，易如反掌的事; 步态竞赛; 一种步态舞
vi. 举行步态竞赛
时态：cakewalked, cakewalking, cakewalks
分布：举行步态竞赛(39%)，步态舞(25%)，踢踏舞(12%)，跳高足舞(12%)，易于完成的事(12%)
US [-wɑ:k] US informal
noun only singular
■something which is very easy to achieve 轻而易举的事情；（对手弃权的）一边倒的比赛
• The Superbowl was a cakewalk for the Forty-Niners. 赢得超级杯赛对四九人队而言是轻而易举的事。

Word: camcorder
Front: camcorder
[ˈkæmkɔ:də(r)] (12894/13479 -1)
Back: n. 摄像录像机
分布：摄录机(50%)，便携式摄像机(50%)
→来自camera和recorder的合成词。
US [-ˌkɔ:r.dɚ] noun countable
■a combination of a small video camera and recording device, in a single unit which can be held easily in one hand 便携式摄像机

Word: caballero
Front: caballero
[ˌkæbəl'jerəʊ] (30660/48223)
Back: n. （西班牙）绅士; 骑师; （美国西南部）骑手; （贵）妇人的护卫（或陪伴）
分布：绅士(67%)，骑马者(33%)
n. 骑手，骑师；（西班牙）绅士；（贵）妇人的护卫或陪伴
 - gentleman, rider

Word: blitzkrieg
Front: blitzkrieg
[ˈblɪtskri:g] (28910/39509)
Vocabulary: blitzkrieg
(once / 32031 pages)
nv
A blitzkrieg is an intense and brutal military campaign. If you're studying the history of World War II, you'll eventually come across the word blitzkrieg.
The noun blitzkrieg means a very quick, particularly violent and intimidating attack by one armed force against an enemy, but it almost always refers specifically to the German military offensive during World War II. The word blitzkrieg means "rapid attack" in German, from blitz, or "lightning," paired with krieg, or "war." The blitzkrieg waged by Germany on England in 1940 and 1941 is often referred to as "the Blitz."
WORD FAMILY
blitzkrieg: blitzkrieged, blitzkrieging, blitzkriegs
USAGE EXAMPLES
It's interesting to see how many brands are now tapping upon this empathetic void, something which has been aggravated in the social media blitzkrieg.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
India’s e-commerce companies don’t share their sales numbers, but analysts agree the results of Amazon’s blitzkrieg are significant.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 17, 2016)
This meteorological blitzkrieg is most active from December through February, a pattern that has spawned the noun “Japanuary” among powder chasers worldwide.
Washington Post(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: n. 闪电战，闪击战，（尤指）猛烈的空袭
分布：闪电战(92%)，以闪电战攻击(4%)，=blitz.(4%)
→来自德语，最早出现于1939年德国对波兰的闪电攻袭。blitz, 闪电，来自PIE *bhel, 照耀，闪光，词源同blank. krieg, 战争。
noun countable
■a sudden attack involving aircraft and forces on the ground, which is intended to surprise and quickly defeat the enemy 闪电战，闪击战
n. （德）闪电战；突然袭击
 - surprise

Word: cashmere
Front: cashmere
[ˈkæʃmɪə(r)] (13340/23094 -1)
Vocabulary: cashmere
(once / 8698 pages)
n
Cashmere is an extremely soft wool that comes from a particular kind of goat. The goat itself is also called a cashmere.
When you knit a sweater from cashmere, you end up with a garment that's much softer and less itchy than regular wool. You can use the same word when you describe the fabric itself, and things made with it: "I want a red cashmere scarf for my birthday." In the 17th century, the word specifically meant "a cashmere shawl," from Kashmir, the region of the Himalayas where this type of goat originated.
WORD FAMILY
cashmere: cashmeres
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Instead of cashmere, I wore a comic routine,” Reynolds wrote in her book.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 28, 2016)
He was pleased with the morning’s haul—28 coats, ranging from a purple girl’s parka to a Brooks Brothers cashmere overcoat.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 20, 2016)
He gravitates toward “really thin cashmere, V-neck sweaters” with fully realized sleeves.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 开司米，山羊绒; 开士米羊毛织品
分布：山羊绒(67%)，开士米(26%)，软毛织物(7%)
→来自Kashmir的旧式拼写，印巴冲突地带，知名的高质量羊毛产地。
US [-mɪr/ UK [-'-] noun uncountable
■very soft, expensive wool material that is made from the hair of goats from Kashmir 开司米；（山）羊绒
n. 羊绒；开士米； [纺] 开士米羊毛织品；开士米绒线
 - pashm

Word: clamshell
Front: clamshell
[ˈklæmʃel] (28848/-)
Back: n. 蛤壳; 蛤壳式物品; 抓斗; 蚌壳
分布：蛤壳(78%)，蛤壳式挖泥机(22%)

Word: ceder

Word: cheryl
Front: cheryl
['ʃerɪl] (-/17389)
Back: n. 谢丽尔(f.)
分布：名词(100%)

Word: cask
Front: cask
[kɑ:sk] (20493/16695)
Vocabulary: cask
(once / 935 pages)
n
A barrel-shaped container that holds wine or other, usually alcoholic, beverages is called a cask. If you visit a winery, you will often see many rows of wooden wine-filled casks lining the caves and cellars of the winery. If you have a large party, you can open a cask of wine.
Experts aren't exactly sure what the origin of the word cask is. They know that it is a noun that comes from the Middle French word casque or the Spanish word casco, and both mean "helmet," but how we got from helmet to wine-filled barrel-shaped container is unclear. Students may have heard of the word cask from Edgar Allan Poe's famous short story of revenge and murder set in a wine cellar, "The Cask of Amontillado."
WORD FAMILY
cask: caskful, casks+/caskful: caskfuls
USAGE EXAMPLES
Lagavulin is launching a single cask edition of 522 bottles of its single malt to raise funds for local projects.
BBC(Jan 01, 2017)
A traditional Scottish beer, served on cask, 5,000 miles from Edinburgh?
Wall Street Journal(Dec 22, 2016)
Mr. Akuto, though, acquired the 400 casks in inventory and started his own company, Venture Whisky.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. （尤指盛酒精饮料的）桶; 一桶的量
分布：桶(77%)，木桶(23%)
→可能来自case, 箱子。
US [kæsk] noun countable
■a strong, round, wooden container used for storing liquid （储酒等的）圆木桶
• a cask of water/wine 一桶水／酒
n. 木桶，桶
 - barrel, bucket

Word: chico
Front: chico
[ˈtʃi:kəʊ] (28699/29281)
Back: n. 藜科灌木
分布：名词(100%)

Word: clownish
Front: clownish
[ˈklaʊnɪʃ] (32581/40764)
Back: adj. 小丑似的; 滑稽的; 愚蠢的; 傻的
分布：滑稽的(88%)，小丑似的(12%)
adj. 滑稽的，似小丑的
 - funny, humouristic

Word: classicist
Front: classicist
[ˈklæsɪsɪst] (25350/25242)
Back: n. 古典学者，古典主义者
分布：古典主义者(54%)，古典学者(46%)
noun countable
■a person who studies ancient Greek or Roman culture 古典学者；古希腊或古罗马文化研究者

Word: clannish
Front: clannish
[ˈklænɪʃ] (宝 39075/-)
Back: adj. <常贬>（一伙人）自成一帮的，排外的
分布：排他的(75%)，门户之见的(25%)
disapproving
adjective
■describes members of a group of people or society who are friendly to each other, but not to people outside the group 排外的；宗派的；小集团的
adj. 氏族的；党派的；排他的
 - political, septal

Word: clove
Front: clove
[kləʊv] (6020/13103 -1)
Back: n. 丁香，丁香树; [植]小鳞茎：如洋葱瓣或大蒜瓣儿
v. 劈开，剁开( cleave的过去式)
分布：丁香(89%)，劈开(11%)
→1.丁香，来自clav-,弯钉，钥匙，词源同clavicle.因这种花花瓣形如小弯钉而得名。 2.蒜瓣，词源同cleave,cleft.因形如被劈成的瓣状而得名。
US [kloʊv] noun
PLANT PART 植物的部分
countable
■a small separate part of a bulb of garlic (= plant used in cooking) 蒜瓣
• This recipe takes four cloves of garlic. 这份食谱需要四瓣蒜。
UK [kləʊv] US [kloʊv] noun
SPICE 香料
countable or uncountable
■a small dark-brown dried flower of an evergreen (= never losing its leaves) tree, which is used as a spice （用作调味料的）丁香，干丁香花苞
• The ham was studded with cloves. 火腿上撒满了丁香。
• sweet spices such as ginger and clove 姜和丁香之类的甜味香料
UK [kləʊv] US [kloʊv] verb past simple of
■ cleave
n. [植] [中医] 丁香
 - clore
v. 劈开（cleave的过去式）
 - clave

Word: cotonou
Front: cotonou
[kəutəˈnu:] None
Back: n. 科托努（贝宁最大之城市和海港）

Word: col
Front: col
[kɒl] (28782/6782)
Back: n. 关口，峡路，关隘; 山口; 山坞; 坳
分布：山坳(63%)，山口(25%)，低地山峡(12%)
n. 山坳；出口；峡路
 - exit, way out

Word: cyrillic

Word: daffodil
Front: daffodil
[ˈdæfədɪl] (17105/12017 -1)
Back: n. 水仙花; 黄水仙; 鲜黄色
adj. 淡黄色的; 水仙花色的
分布：黄水仙花(100%)
→来自拉丁语asphodelus, 黄水仙。字母d误以为是冠词de而加在首字母前。
noun countable
■a yellow bell-shaped flower with a long stem which is commonly seen in the spring 黄色水仙（花）

Word: dainty
Front: dainty
[ˈdeɪnti] (宝 16762/15385 -1)
Vocabulary: dainty
(once / 393 pages)
nadj
Dainty means tiny, delicate, and lovely, so you could describe a little china tea set as dainty, and you could also call the tiny cakes on the little plates dainty.
The original meaning of dainty, back in the 1300s, was "choice morsel of food," and it's still used that way to talk about a delicacy or a treat. More often, dainty is used as an adjective to describe something that's delicate and lovely. It's a compliment, unless it's used sarcastically to mean "someone who acts ridiculously prissy." An example would be to say, "Sorry I hurt you when I barely brushed against you. I didn't realize you were so dainty."
WORD FAMILY
dainty: daintier, dainties, daintiest, daintily, daintiness, daintyly+/daintiness: daintinesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Kashiba’s Crispy Rex Sole not only includes dainty fried fillets of fish but also the deep-fried skeleton, a crisp, salty, delicious bonus.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Plus, shaping the cookies into dainty lunettes without breaking them apart was a challenge.
Washington Post(Dec 19, 2016)
But the footsteps I heard were daintier, and I wasn’t near any houses.
The New Yorker(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 精致的; 娇俏的; （指人）品位高雅的; 难以取悦的
n. 美味，可口之物
级别：daintier, daintiest
分布：讲究的(37%)，可口的(31%)，优美的(13%)，适口的食物(13%)，小巧精致的(6%)
→来自法语，词源同dignity, 尊贵，美丽，字母g脱落。
精美食品(dignity的变体)[-y 1.加在名词后变成形容词2表名词,加在形容词或以r结尾的单词后3表名词"人或小东西"常带有戏谑性和爱称]
【记】读：电梯。和美味佳肴没有联系，只好设想一个场景了：每天都坐电梯，全是臭男人，终于有一天，电梯里出现了18个（因为我家住18层，一层上一个）娇媚的女人，和！18盘美味的水果。太爽了！！！……………………………………别做梦了！继续！！
US [-tˌi] adjective
■small, delicate and often moving in a careful way 小巧玲珑的，娇小的，小巧精美的
• She was a small, dainty child, unlike her sister who was large and had big feet. 她是个身材小巧的孩子，不像她姐姐那样高大，而且还长着一双大脚。
• We were given tea, and some dainty little cakes. 有人给我们上茶并拿来了一些精致的小点心。
adj. 美味的；讲究的；秀丽的；挑剔的
 - delicious, elegant, particular
n. 美味
 - deliciousness

Word: cilia
Front: cilia
['sɪlɪə] (-/41323)
Back: n. 睫，纤毛; 睫毛，纤毛( cilium的名词复数 )
分布：纤毛(88%)，睫毛(12%)
n. 纤毛； [解剖] 睫毛
 - eyelash, pilus

Word: creamy
Front: creamy
[ˈkri:mi] (7602/10138 -1)
Vocabulary: creamy
(once / 2714 pages)
adj
Creamy things are like cream, the thick off-white fatty stuff that rises to the top of fresh milk. Something that’s creamy is the color or the consistency of cream. Creamy food is usually delicious.
A recipe might tell you to beat butter, sugar, and eggs until they're creamy, or completely mixed into a rich, thick substance. At the paint store, you could ask for a white that's not too stark, but is more creamy, the color of melted vanilla ice cream. Creamy comes from the Old French cresme, "holy oil."
WORD FAMILY
creamy: creamier, creamiest, creamily, creaminess, creamy-colored+/ cream: cream-colored, creamed, creamer, creamery, creaming, creams, creamy /creamer: creamers/creamery: creameries
USAGE EXAMPLES
A northern Italian rice dish cooked in broth to a creamy consistency, risotto is most often served as a first course.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Try it with a creamy pastry dessert or with blueberry pancakes on New Year’s morning.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
This creamy delight is a favorite at Spike Mendelsohn's burger chain, and with good reason.
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 多乳脂的或似乳脂的; 奶油色的
级别：creamier, creamiest
分布：奶油色的(49%)，含乳脂的(31%)，乳脂状的(20%)
adjective
■like cream or containing cream 忌廉似的；鲜奶油状的；含鲜奶油的
• The chocolate mousse was smooth and creamy. 巧克力慕司光滑细腻。
• a creamy sauce 鲜奶油调味汁

Word: dejected
Front: dejected
[dɪˈdʒektɪd] (托宝 21137/20534)
Vocabulary: dejected
(once / 1391 pages)
adj
If you're ejected from an important game, you're going to feel dejected. If you're rejected by the love of your life, you'll feel dejected again.
Dejected goes beyond down––it's having given up hope. "After the theater was burned down by Mrs. Jud, the deranged school secretary, the drama students were too dejected even to sing "Pore Jud is Daid" from Oklahoma, the only song that might have made them feel better."
WORD FAMILY
dejected: dejectedly, dejectedness+/deject: dejected, dejecting, dejection, dejects/ dejection: dejections
USAGE EXAMPLES
He was dejected, but nevertheless ran for the European Parliament.
New York Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Still, some dejected Clinton supporters have been unwilling to accept the results.
Seattle Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Dolores, dejected, ascends back to the church—and stumbles right into the smirking Man in Black.
The New Yorker(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 沮丧的，忧郁的，失望的
分布：沮丧的(73%)，灰心的(18%)，动词deject的过去式和过去分词形式.(9%)
→de-, 向下。-ject, 扔，投掷，词源同abject, project.即扔下来的，沮丧的。
情绪低落的(deject+ed)[ject=throw,cast,表示"投掷,扔"]
【记】de向下，ject扔－被向下扔掉了－沮丧的
【参】abject（adj 卑鄙的；可怜的）；reject（vt 拒绝；抵制）
【反】exultant（adj 非常高兴的）；deject（adj 使沮丧）－gladden（adj 使高兴）
adjective
■unhappy, disappointed or without hope 沮丧的；失意的；失望的
• She looked a bit dejected when she was told that she hadn't got the job. 当她知道未能得到那份工作时，她脸上露出一丝失望的表情。
adj. 沮丧的，灰心的
 - blue, disappointed, depressed

Word: decorum
Front: decorum
[dɪˈkɔ:rəm] (托宝 17060/20383)
Vocabulary: decorum
(once / 944 pages)
n
Decorum is proper and polite behavior. If you let out a big belch at a fancy dinner party, you're not showing much decorum.
This noun is from Latin decōrus "proper, becoming, handsome," from décor "beauty, grace," which is also the source of English décor. The corresponding adjective is decorous, meaning "well-behaved in a particular situation." Both decorum and decorous are often used to describe behavior in a classroom or courtroom.
WORD FAMILY
decorum: decorous, decorums, indecorum+/ decorous: decorously, decorousness, indecorous / indecorous: indecorously, indecorousness/indecorum: indecorums
USAGE EXAMPLES
They toured the Soviet sphere, and even further, and they projected a certain clean-cut morality and proper decorum, patriotism.
New York Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Dilution is key to a proper punch, not only to the flavor but to your guests’ sanity and decorum.
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
Speaker Edelstein defended the need for decorum in the legislature.
BBC(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: n. 端庄得体; 体统
分布：礼貌合宜(100%)
→来自词根dec, 美丽，得体，词源同decent, dignity.
【记】读：待客room，在room里面待客需要举止适宜
【反】effrontery（n 厚颜无耻）；impropriety（n 不适当；不得体）
US [-'kɔ:r.əm] formal
noun uncountable
■behaviour that is controlled, calm and polite 稳重，端庄
• As young ladies we were expected to act/behave with proper decorum. 人们认为我们年轻女子的行为举止应该沉稳端庄。
n. 礼仪；礼貌；端正；恪守礼仪
 - ceremony, protocol

Word: demonstrable
Front: demonstrable
[dɪˈmɒnstrəbl] (23383/20115)
Vocabulary: demonstrable
(once / 5789 pages)
adj
If you can demonstrate to me how something works, then it must be demonstrable. You might think that word should be "demonstratable," but you'd be wrong — that word doesn't exist.
Who can say why some words change a little when we change their part of speech. They just do. The verb demonstrate means to show or instruct. The adjective shortens the root to become demonstrable. The steps for buckling a seatbelt must be easily demonstrable, or people will go flying all over the cabin. Demonstrable is often used to refer to the truth of something: if something isn't demonstrable, then we can't really say that it exists, can we?
WORD FAMILY
demonstrable: demonstrability, demonstrably+/counterdemonstration: counterdemonstrations/counterdemonstrator: counterdemonstrators/ demonstrate: demonstrable, demonstrated, demonstrates, demonstrating, demonstration, demonstrative, demonstrator /demonstrated: demonstratedly/ demonstration: counterdemonstration, demonstrations/ demonstrative: demonstratively, demonstrativeness, demonstratives, undemonstrative/ demonstrator: counterdemonstrator, demonstrators/undemonstrative: undemonstratively
USAGE EXAMPLES
At the moment, there is no demonstrable appetite to refight the battles of June and hold another EU vote.
BBC(Jan 02, 2017)
Private talks with the Chinese government, he said, resulted in a demonstrable decline in state-sponsored hacking.
Washington Post(Jan 01, 2017)
Like I say, it’s a fascinating theory, in its underlying insinuations and its demonstrable wrongness.
The Guardian(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 可表明的，可论证的
分布：可论证的(57%)，显而易见的(43%)
US [-'mɑ:nt-] adjective
■able to be proved 可证明的，可证实的，能够证明的
• The report contains numerous demonstrable errors. 该报告有多处可以查证的错误。
adj. 可论证的；显而易见的
 - gross, noticeable

Word: defang
Front: defang
[di:'fæŋ] (36052/-)
Back: v. 拔去…的尖牙; 去毒牙
分布：拔去 ... 的尖牙(100%)

Word: deportee
Front: deportee
[ˌdi:pɔ:ˈti:] (29728/30092)
Back: n. 被放逐者，被判充军的人
分布：被驱逐者(100%)
US [-pɔ:r-] noun countable
■a person who has been, or is waiting to be, deported 被驱逐者
n. 被驱逐出境者；被放逐者
 - purgee, exile

Word: delaney

Word: denier
Front: denier
[ˈdeniə(r)] (30788/-)
Back: n. 否认者; 法国旧银币; 极少量的金额; 极微量
分布：否认者(55%)，极少量的金额(30%)，法国往昔银币(15%)
→来自拉丁语denarium, 十阿斯铜币（as,罗马铜币单位），词源同ten.后用于纺织学纤度单位。
US [-jɚ] mainly UK
noun uncountable
■a measure of the thickness of the weave (= pattern of threads) of nylon , silk , etc. thread, especially that which is used in making stockings or tights （尤指编织袜子和紧身衣所用织线的）纤度
n. 否认者；极微量；极少量的金额；法国旧银币
 - negator, traverser

Word: dissolute
Front: dissolute
[ˈdɪsəlu:t] (宝 29963/35450)
Vocabulary: dissolute
(once / 2620 pages)
adj
The adjective dissolute means unrestrained. If you're a dissolute person, you indulge in gambling, drugs, and drinking and don't care if others disapprove.
If your mother tells you you're dissolute, she's not trying to be kind. Some kinds of unrestrained behavior are good, like if you're unrestrained by fear, and do something very brave. But someone who is dissolute not only goes against the grain of normal behavior, but is wasteful and offensive — over the limit. If you drop out of school, party all the time, and waste your life, you've chosen a dissolute lifestyle.
WORD FAMILY
dissolute: dissolutely, dissoluteness, dissolutest
USAGE EXAMPLES
A dissolute, flaky, noisy persona may have made Amy famous, but underneath are fierce loyalty and enviable discipline, conveyed in a librarian’s hush.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Her Lee is dissolute, unsociable, mildly monstrous and somehow deeply sympathetic.
New York Times(Nov 07, 2016)
This play introduces Shakespeare's greatest comedic character, the dissolute knight Sir John Falstaff.
Slate(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 放荡的，淫乱的; 猖; 浪荡; 风流
分布：放荡的(69%)，放纵的(21%)，肆意挥霍的(10%)
→dis-, 分开，散开。-solut, 松开，词源同solve. 即松散开，引申词义放纵。
放荡的;荒淫的(dis分开+solute→放松不放→放荡的)[Solv,solu,solut=loosen,表示"松开"]
【记】dis消除，solute（adj 溶解了的）－精力被溶解了的－放荡的dis不，sol独身：不是独身的－放荡的
【区】dissoluble（adj 可溶解的）；
['dɪs.ə.lu:t] literary
adjective
■(of a person) living in a way that other people strongly disapprove of; immoral 放纵的，放荡的；不道德的
• He led a dissolute life, drinking and womanising till his death. 他一直到死都过着灯红酒绿的放荡生活。
adj. 放荡的；风流的
 - gay, ramshackle

Word: disembodied
Front: disembodied
[ˌdɪsɪmˈbɒdid] (宝 18630/20281)
Vocabulary: disembodied
(once / 6238 pages)
adj
Something that's disembodied is disconnected from a solid form or body. If you hear a disembodied voice coming from your basement, it's spooky and ghostly, with no visible shape or form.
Use the adjective disembodied to describe something that's separate from any substantial structure. A magic trick might make it appear that a disembodied head is floating in the air, and a mysterious voice or cry ringing out in the night would also seem to be disembodied. The root of disembodied is the verb embody, which had the earliest meaning of "invest a soul or spirit with a physical form."
WORD FAMILY
disembody: disembodied, disembodying+/embodied: unembodied/ embodiment: embodiments/ embody: disembody, embodied, embodies, embodiment, embodying
USAGE EXAMPLES
We never see her, but only hear her in a few passages as a disembodied, angelic voice.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
“A bullet will kill you three ways,” says the disembodied voice of Ryan Phillippe, the star of the show, after a gunshot roars.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
It focuses on an enormous, disembodied mouth slurping up variously colored goo.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: adj. （灵魂）脱离肉体的; 脱离实体的; 无身体的; 不具形体的
分布：无实体的(45%)，空洞的(43%)，动词disembody的过去式和过去分词形式.(12%)
→dis-, 不，非，使相反。embody, 进入肉体，实质化体现。即脱离肉体，脱离实体。
【记】embody（vt 具体表达；使具体化）
【反】corporeal（adj 肉体的；物质的；有形的）
US [-'bɑ:.did] adjective
■seeming not to have a body or not to be connected to a body 脱离躯体的；由看不见的人发出的
• a disembodied voice 不见其人的说话声
adj. 空洞的；无实质的；无实体的
 - inane, cavitary

Word: deprave
Front: deprave
[dɪˈpreɪv] (28896/28673)
Vocabulary: deprave
(once / 1112 pages)
v
Use the verb deprave as a more dramatic synonym for corrupt: Some parents in the 1980s feared that heavy metal music would deprave their innocent children.
You have probably heard the expression "the way to a man's heart is through his stomach," meaning the sense of taste, when triggered, can inflame feelings like love and passion. Taken to extremes, though, too much indulging of any of the senses can make someone depraved, addicted to or fixated on feeling good. This pursuit of excess is the opposite of a word that sounds and looks like depraved: deprived.
WORD FAMILY
deprave: depravation, depraved, depraves, depraving, depravity +/depravation: depravations/ depraved: depravedly/ depravity: depravities
USAGE EXAMPLES
That the money was ill gotten to begin with is just start of completely depraved system.
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Mukherjee contends that while genetic theories have provided crucial medical insights, they also have fueled the depraved thinking that reached its nadir in eugenics.
Washington Post(Nov 20, 2016)
As Diesel, Cook is both stolid and volatile, his depraved earnestness joining principle and duty, will and obligation.
The New Yorker(Nov 12, 2016)
Back: v. 堕落
时态：depraved, depraving, depraves
分布：使堕落(56%)，使腐败(22%)，使恶化(22%)
→de-, 向下，离开。-prav, 弯的，扭曲的，词源可能同crook,curve, 字母c,p音变。引申词义变态，堕落。
[dɪ'preɪv] formal
verb transitive
■to make someone depraved 使堕落，使恶毒
vt. 使堕落；使腐败
 - demoralize, septicize

Word: eldorado

Word: earshot
Front: earshot
[ˈɪəʃɒt] (宝 16303/19880)
Back: n. 听力所及的范围; 耳听区; 可听距离
分布：听力所及之范围(75%)，声音所及的距离(25%)
【记】ear耳，shot射程
US ['ɪr.ʃɑ:t] noun uncountable
■the range of distance within which it is possible to be heard or to hear what someone is saying 听力可及的范围；可听距离
• I don't think you should say anything while the boss is still in/within earshot. 我觉得，老板还没走远的时候你应该甚么也别说
• Wait till she's out of earshot before you say anything. 等她走远听不见了，你再说也不迟。

Word: duality
Front: duality
[dju:ˈæləti] (16188/24714)
Vocabulary: duality
(once / 8653 pages)
n
As hinted at by the word "dual" within it, duality refers to having two parts, often with opposite meanings, like the duality of good and evil.
If there are two sides to a coin, metaphorically speaking, there's a duality. Peace and war, love and hate, up and down, and black and white are dualities. Another term for a duality is a dichotomy. Duality has technical meanings in geometry and physics. In geometry, duality refers to how points and planes have interchangeable roles in projective geometry. In physics, duality is the property of matter and electromagnetic radiation to be understood best through wave theory or particle theory.
WORD FAMILY
duality: dualities+/ dual: dualism, duality, dually/dualism: dualisms, dualist, dualistic/dualist: dualists/dualistic: dualistically
USAGE EXAMPLES
I think it’s the composition and duality of the photograph that moved so many people.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
The stretch of inactivity showcased something else about Jackson: his maddening duality.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
But that duality is false: “In fact, they are perpetually passing into one another. . . . There is no wholly masculine man, no purely feminine woman.”
The New Yorker(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 二元性
分布：二元性(83%)，两重性(17%)
二重的性(dual+ity)[du,dub,doub=two,表示"二,双"]
US [du:'æl.ə.tˌi] formal
noun uncountable
■the state of combining two different things 双重性，二元性
• His poems reveal the duality of his nature, the joy and hope, the fear and despair. 他的诗揭示了他的双重本性，既有欢乐且充满希望的一面，又有恐惧失望的一面。

Word: dragonfly
Front: dragonfly
[ˈdrægənflaɪ] (托 18401/21078)
Back: n. 蜻蜓
分布：蜻蜓(100%)
→因其形如小龙而得名。
noun countable
■a large insect with a long thin brightly coloured body and two pairs of transparent wings 蜻蜓
n. [昆] 蜻蜓
 - mosquito hawk, Tombow, Shafrir

Word: dragoon
Front: dragoon
[drəˈgu:n] (28192/17337 -1)
Back: vt. 强制; 以武力迫害; 暴力镇压
n. 重骑兵; 龙骑兵团; 凶汉，暴徒; 信鸽
时态：dragooned, dragooning, dragoons
分布：镇压(58%)，迫使(42%)
→来自dragon, 龙，喷火龙。因这种骑兵手持的一种喷火武器或枪支而得名。
noun countable
■in the past, a soldier who rode on a horse and carried a gun 骑兵
[drə'gu:n] verb
  Phrasal Verbs  transitive often passive dragoon sb into sth
■to force or persuade someone to do something unpleasant 迫使（某人）做（某事）；勉强（某人）做（某事）
• [+ -ing verb] I've been dragooned into giving the after-dinner speech. 我被迫要在晚餐后发言。
vt. 强制；以武力迫害；镇压
 - enforce, suppress
n. 骑兵；龙骑兵
 - horse, cavalry

Word: dunkirk

Word: encyclical
Front: encyclical
[ɪnˈsɪklɪkl] (20411/44382)
Back: n. 罗马教皇的通谕
adj. 传阅的，通谕的
分布：传阅的(58%)，教皇通谕(42%)
→en-, 进入，使。-cycle, 圈。用于宗教术语，指教皇下发的通谕。

Word: electrolysis
Front: electrolysis
[ɪˌlekˈtrɒləsɪs] (28923/38312)
Back: n. 电解，电蚀; 电蚀除瘤[毛发等]
分布：电解(100%)
→electro, 电。-lysis, 松开，词源同lose.
US [-'trɑ:.lə-] noun uncountable
■the use of an electric current to cause chemical change in a liquid 电解
■the process of using a very small electric current to remove hair and stop it from growing back 电蚀除毛
n. [化工] [化学] 电解，电解作用；以电针除痣
 - electrolytic action

Word: electrostatic
Front: electrostatic
[ɪˌlektrəʊˈstætɪk] (25292/26625)
Back: adj. 静电的，静电学的; 静电式
分布：静电的(67%)，静电学的(33%)
→electro, 电。-stat, 静，站立，词源同stand,instate.
US [-troʊ'stætˌ-] specialized
adjective
■connected with or caused by electricity which does not move in a current but is attracted to the surface of some objects 静电的
• an electrostatic charge 静电电荷
adj. [电磁] 静电的；静电学的
 - static, franklinic

Word: enchantment
Front: enchantment
[ɪnˈtʃɑ:ntmənt] (17674/16471)
Vocabulary: enchantment
(once / 1219 pages)
n
Exams over? School out for the summer? You may be feeling a sense of enchantment, that is, a sense of delight and escape from everyday reality.
The psychological state of enchantment is so strong it can feel like you are under a spell or a trance, and these words are often interchangeable with enchantment. A work of art that is particularly captivating and enjoyable can also be termed an enchantment. The Winnie the Pooh books are often called "enchantments," and their sense of child-like innocence and simplicity is typical of the sensation of enchantment.
WORD FAMILY
enchantment: enchantments+/disenchant: disenchanted, disenchanting, disenchantment, disenchants/ disenchanted: disenchantedly/ disenchantment: disenchantments/ enchant: disenchant, enchanted, enchanter, enchanting, enchantment, enchants/ enchanted: enchantedly/enchanter: enchanters/ enchanting: enchantingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
President Vladimir Putin invoked a bit of seasonal enchantment in his New Year’s Eve remarks to the nation.
Time(Jan 01, 2017)
As the genie says: “The people of this country live in a state of enchantment. We wouldn’t be able to surprise them.”
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
All it needs to do is showcase once again the strange yet familiar delights of enchantment.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: n. 魅力; 迷人之处; 施魔法; 着魔
分布：魅力(69%)，着迷(27%)，施魔法(4%)
N-UNCOUNT
魅力;陶醉;狂喜
If you say that something has enchantment, you mean that it makes you feel great delight or pleasure. Your enchantment with something is the fact of your feeling great delight and pleasure because of it.
例：The wilderness campsite had its own peculiar enchantment...野营地有其自身独特的魅力。
例：Percy's enchantment with orchids dates back to 1951.珀西对兰花的痴迷可以回溯到1951年。
N-COUNT
魔法；魔咒
In fairy stories and legends, an enchantment is a magic spell.
n. 魅力；魔法；着迷；妖术
 - charm, possession, grace, fascination

Word: engrossed
Front: engrossed
[ɪnˈgrəʊst] (35759/34708)
Vocabulary: engrossed
(once / 1397 pages)
adj
When you’re engrossed in something, you’re so consumed by it that you don’t notice anything else, like when you’re engrossed in a conversation with that cute girl from your math class.
Use the adjective engrossed to describe someone who is completely absorbed in something, whether it’s a task, a person, or an object. You might be engrossed in a movie that’s so good you just can’t look away, or you can be engrossed in talking to someone — like the girl from math class. Engrossed is often used with “in” — so you’d say you were “engrossed in” a book or “engrossed in” your homework.
WORD FAMILY
engrossed: engrossedly+/ engross: engrossed, engrosses, engrossing, engrossment/engrossing: engrossingly/engrossment: engrossments/ gross: engross, grossed, grosser, grosses, grossest, grossing, grossly, grossness, subgross/grossness: grossnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
We’ve talked a bit about Search Party, which wholly engrossed me for a day with its oddball mystery and that great, divisive ending.
Slate(Dec 22, 2016)
Even without being engrossed in athletics, Jeffery found a way to excel on the football field.
Washington Times(Dec 04, 2016)
But he was engrossed in the images on the screen, lying on the floor next to Obiora.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Back: adj. 全神贯注的，专心致志的
v. 使全神贯注( engross的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：全神贯注的(87%)，动词engross的过去式和过去分词形式.(13%)
【参】engrossing （adj 引人入胜的＝absorbing）
US [-'groʊst] adjective
■giving all your attention to something; absorbed 全神贯注的；专心致志的
• She was so engrossed by/in the book that she forgot the cakes in the oven. 她看书看得太入迷了，以至于忘了烤箱中正烤着蛋糕。
• They were so engrossed in/with what they were doing that they didn't hear me come in. 他们全神贯注地做着手上的事，连我进去他们都没有听见。
adj. 全神贯注的；专心致志的
 - concentrated, rapt

Word: entrap
Front: entrap
[ɪnˈtræp] (托 22164/22126)
Vocabulary: entrap
(once / 2887 pages)
v
If you entrap someone, you entangle or snare them, as if you'd caught them in a trap. Your family might enstrap you in their elaborate summer plans, despite your wish to take a vacation all by yourself.
The expectations of other people — or your own high standards — can entrap you into the feeling you should always do well in school or pursue material success. Another way one person might entrap another is more deliberate, by setting a trap or playing a trick. A police officer might entrap a suspect, persuading him to commit a crime in order to make an arrest. The Old French root is entraper, "catch in a trap."
WORD FAMILY
entrap: entrapment, entrapped, entrapping, entraps+/ entrapment: entrapments/trap: entrap, trapped, trapper, trapping, traps/trapper: trappers/trapping: trappings
USAGE EXAMPLES
His lawyers argued unsuccessfully at trial that he was entrapped by the government.
The Guardian(Dec 19, 2016)
His late brother, Alabama state senator Michael Figures, said at the time: “The government set out to entrap my brother.”
The Guardian(Nov 22, 2016)
The defiance of those who protest and the fear of those entrapped.
Seattle Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: vt. 使陷入圈套，使入陷阱
时态：entrapped, entrapping, entraps
分布：诱捕(63%)，使陷入圈套(37%)
→en-, 进入，使。trap, 陷阱。
[ɪn'træp] (-pp-) formal
verb transitive
■to cause someone to do something that they would not usually do, by unfair methods 使…陷入圈套；诱捕；诱骗
• I firmly believe my son has been entrapped by this cult. 我坚信我儿子已经被这个邪教蛊惑了。
vt. 使陷入；使陷罗网；欺骗
 - sell, fox

Word: enthrone
Front: enthrone
[ɪnˈθrəʊn] None
Back: vt. 使（国王、女王或主教）登基，即位
时态：enthroned, enthroning, enthrones
分布：使登基(63%)，推崇(25%)，立 ... 为王(12%)
→来自entertain, 招待，维持，娱乐。throne, 王位。
US [-'θroʊn] verb
transitive formal
■to put a king, queen, etc. through the ceremony of sitting on a throne (= chair used in ceremonies) in order to mark the official beginning of their period in power 为…举行登基仪式；使登基；立…为王
transitive often passive humorous
■to be positioned somewhere where you look or feel important 使处在重要位置；使居高位
• She sat in the dining room, enthroned on an old high-backed chair. 她在餐厅就座，一把旧高背椅让她高高在上。
vt. 使登基；立…为王；任为主教；崇拜
 - king, worship

Word: entertaining
Front: entertaining
[ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋ] (6477/5935 -K)
Vocabulary: entertaining
(once / 557 pages)
adj
Things that are entertaining are enjoyable and distracting. Going to the circus is an entertaining way to spend an afternoon.
Activities like playing games and watching movies can be entertaining, and you can also describe a friend who's particularly funny or fun to be with as entertaining. The adjective comes from the related verb, entertain, which meant "keep up, maintain, or keep someone in a certain frame of mind" in the fifteenth century. It comes from the Old French entretenir, "hold together."
WORD FAMILY
entertaining: entertainingly+/ entertain: entertained, entertainer, entertaining, entertainment, entertains/ entertainer: entertainers/ entertainment: entertainments
USAGE EXAMPLES
There's a fine line between "entertaining" and "troublemaker".
BBC(Jan 02, 2017)
It is described on its publisher's website as "an honest, uncensored and highly entertaining diary of the campaign that changed the course of history".
Reuters(Jan 01, 2017)
In the film Fisher also talks about her childhood efforts to keep her errant father inside the family home by entertaining him.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
Back: adj. 有趣的，娱乐的，使人愉快的
v. 款待，招待( entertain的现在分词 ); 使欢乐; 使娱乐; 抱有
分布：有趣的(40%)，招待(24%)，款待(18%)，娱乐性的(11%)，令人愉快的(6%)，动词entertain的现在分词.(1%)
【反】tedious（adj 单调乏味的；沉闷的）
US [-tˌɚ-] adjective
 ADVANCED
■funny and enjoyable 使人愉快的；有趣的
• an entertaining story/film 有趣的故事／电影
• His books aren't particularly well-written, but they're always entertaining. 他的书写得不是特别好，但总是很有趣。
UK [en.tə'teɪ.nɪŋ] US [-tˌɚ-] noun uncountable
■when you invite people to your house and give them food and drink （在家）招待，款待，请客
• We do a lot of entertaining. 我们经常宴客。
adj. 令人愉快的
 - pleasant, lovely, grateful, enjoyable, agreeable

Word: enquirer
Front: enquirer
[ɪnˈkwaɪərə(r)] (13831/21695)
Back: n. 寻问者，追究者
分布：寻问者(51%)，追究者(33%)，=inquirer.(16%)

Word: espousal
Front: espousal
[ɪ'spaʊzl] (宝 35028/33032)
Vocabulary: espousal
(once / 13371 pages)
1n 2n
When you speak up in favor of something or support a cause, that's espousal. Your espousal of energy conservation can be seen in your electric car and the solar panels on your house.
Espousal of one political candidate over another can be expressed with a sign in your yard or a big financial contribution to the campaign. During a debate, each person adopts the espousal of one strong viewpoint and then they argue with each other. In the old days, an espousal was an engagement or a wedding — gaining a spouse, in other words. This is the original meaning, with the figurative "married to principles" definition dating from about 1670.
WORD FAMILY
espousal: espousals+/ espouse: espousal, espoused, espouses, espousing
USAGE EXAMPLES
There are surprises, too: the first room shows wooden armchairs from the few years between the company’s conception and its espousal of self-assembly.
The Guardian(Jun 20, 2016)
Ads highlighting Mr. Trump’s previous espousal of liberal positions have had little effect.
New York Times(Jan 26, 2016)
But then he warned that, under Egypt’s religion-infused legal system, the public espousal of atheism might land his opponents in jail.
Seattle Times(Jan 08, 2015)
Back: n. 支持; 拥护; <古>结婚; 订婚
分布：拥护(39%)，订婚(28%)，信奉(21%)，结婚(12%)
n. 拥护；信奉；订婚
 - up with, advocacy

Word: faddish
Front: faddish
['fædɪʃ] (宝 34379/-)
Vocabulary: faddish
(once / 117023 pages)
adj
Something that's faddish is in style, often for a brief length of time.
Flapper dresses and bobbed hair were faddish in the 1920's, and long hair and bell bottoms were faddish in the 1960's and 70's. Among elementary school kids, it was faddish in the early 2000's to collect and trade Pokemon cards. The adjective faddish comes from the word fad, which was coined in the 1880's, either from fiddle-faddle or from the Latin word for "stupid," fatuus.
WORD FAMILY
faddish: faddishly+/ fad: faddish, faddist, faddy, fads/faddist: faddists
USAGE EXAMPLES
The premium was a reasonable 20 percent, but online gaming is faddish.
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
What might seem faddish could in fact be economists piling in to help shed light on the discipline’s darkest corners.
Economist(Nov 24, 2016)
The presumption — then and now — is that pop is a rootless music attached only to the faddish present.
Washington Post(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 好赶时髦的; 一时流行的
分布：流行一时的(55%)，时尚的(45%)
时尚的,时髦的(fad时尚,流行的狂热)[-ish 1.表形容词"像…一样,有的..."通常放在一具体名词后2.表动词"造成…"3.表示"国家的或语言"]

Word: expressionism
Vocabulary: expressionism
(once / 8473 pages)
n
Expressionism is a style of art dating from the early 1900s that emphasizes feelings and impressions over realism. You'll see many examples of expressionism in most large art museums.
Some of the most famous followers of expressionism included Van Gogh, Matisse, Gaugin, and Kandinsky — all of whom can be called expressionists. This style of painting began around the turn of the 20th century and was popular for about 30 years, with the term expressionism eventually describing other art forms, including poetry and dance. Expressionism comes from expression, which was used in the art world to mean "way of expressing."
WORD FAMILY
expressionism: expressionisms, expressionist, expressionistic, neoexpressionism+/ express: expressage, expressed, expressedly, expresses, expressible, expressing, expression, expressive, expressly /expressed: unexpressed/expressible: expressibly, inexpressible, unexpressible/ expression: expressionism, expressionless, expressions, self-expression/expressionist: expressionists/expressionless: expressionlessly/ expressive: expressively, expressiveness, inexpressive, unexpressive/inexpressible: inexpressibly/inexpressive: inexpressively/unexpressible: unexpressibly/unexpressive: unexpressively
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The whole premise of ‘fractal expressionism’ is completely false,” Brown said.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
But when Ms. Goodman began, American galleries and museums, still basking in Abstract Expressionism’s ascendancy, were stubbornly provincial and resolutely nationalist.
New York Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Forget minimalism, primitivism, expressionism and all the other “isms” of art history.
Seattle Times(Dec 13, 2016)

Word: gaborone

Word: flavouring
Front: flavouring
[ˈfleɪvərɪŋ] (-/23930)
Back: n. 调味品
v. （加入香料、调味品等）给（某物）调味( flavour的现在分词 )
分布：香料(61%)，调味品(32%)，动词flavour的现在分词形式.(7%)
US [-vɚ-] noun countable or uncountable
■something that is added to food or drink to give it a particular taste 调味品；调味香料
• artificial/natural flavouring(s) 人工／天然调味品
n. 香料；调味料
 - stacte, fines herbs

Word: flamboyance
Front: flamboyance
[flæm'bɔɪəns] (29703/33532)
Back: n. 火红; 艳丽; 炫耀
分布：炫耀(43%)，艳丽(41%)，浮夸(16%)
n. 华丽；炫耀
 - display, showing off

Word: futurist
Front: futurist
['fju:tʃərɪst] (17244/38389)
Vocabulary: futurist
(once / 15291 pages)
nadj
A futurist is someone who studies and predicts events in the future. A futurist might predict, based on past and current trends, which brands of cars will be most popular in 30 years.
There are many different kinds of futurists, from scientists who forecast the future effects of climate change to marketers who try to anticipate what teenagers will be desperate to spend money on in five years. All futurists have in common a focus on the future — and sociologists who are futurists call their field futurology. The earliest definition of futurism referred to the early 20th century art movement known as futurism.
WORD FAMILY
futurist: futurists+/ future: futureless, futurely, futures, futurism, futurity/futurism: futurisms, futurist, futuristic / futuristic: futuristically/futurity: futurities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Many futurists are convinced that, now more than ever, everyone needs to start thinking the way they do.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 01, 2017)
Italian colonizers long ago filled the city with fantastical modernist and futurist architecture.
The New Yorker(Dec 17, 2016)
He describes himself instead as a “futurist, strategist, author, bassist.”
Slate(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 未来主义者，未来派艺术家
分布：未来主义者(40%)，未来学家(36%)，未来主义的(16%)，未来派的(8%)
N-COUNT
未来主义者;未来派艺术家;未来派作家
Futurists were artists and writers who were followers of futurism.
N-COUNT
预测未来的人;未来学家
A futurist is someone who makes predictions about what is going to happen, on the basis of facts about what is happening now.
例：Futurists agree that these trends will grow as telecommunications networks become cheaper and more efficient.未来学家一致认为，随着电信网络资费的降低和效率的提高，这些趋势将会越来越明显。

Word: goofy
Front: goofy
[ˈgu:fi] (12553/38278)
Vocabulary: goofy
(once / 17936 pages)
adj
Anything goofy is ridiculous and cute, like a squirrel on a skateboard or a big football player snuggling a teddy bear after every touch down. Goofy things are often well-intentioned but weird.
Being awkward, telling dumb jokes and stories, or wearing crazy clothes are all great ways to be goofy. A goofy smile is sweet, unless you’re in England where it means you have big crooked teeth. Goofy, the dopey Disney dog who is all of these things, was created in 1929 when the word was brand new. It comes from a variation on the English dialect goff, "foolish clown."
WORD FAMILY
goofy: goofier, goofiest, goofily+/ goof: goofed, goofing, goofs, goofy
USAGE EXAMPLES
He provided more goofy celebrations and retained composure every time his slightest mistake became a local crisis.
Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017)
To the delight of his fans, at least judging by the comments, his daughters often respond to his goofy antics with down-to-earth eye rolls.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Gerard: We both used the word “goofy” to describe ourselves.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 愚笨的，傻瓜的
分布：愚笨的(50%)，傻瓜的(50%)
['gu:.fi] mainly US informal
adjective
■silly 愚蠢的；傻的
• That was a real goofy thing to do. 做那种事情实在是太蠢了。
• I like Jim, but he's a little goofy. 我喜欢吉姆，但是他有点傻乎乎的。
adj. 傻瓜的，愚笨的
 - imbecilic, mullet-headed

Word: gluttony
Front: gluttony
[ˈglʌtəni] (25687/33901)
Vocabulary: gluttony
(once / 5814 pages)
n
Called one of the seven deadly sins, gluttony is characterized by a limitless appetite for food and drink and overindulgence to the point where one is no longer eating just to live, but rather living to eat.
Present in Old French and Middle English, the word glutonie derived from the Latin gluttire, "to swallow," which in turn came from gula, the word for "throat." In some cultures, gluttony is considered an indication of the country’s wealth, but in most cases it is simply gross and unacceptable. Nowadays, gluttony is seen as an emotional cry for help, as succinctly put by author Peter De Vries, who said, “Gluttony is an emotional escape, a sign something is eating us.”
WORD FAMILY
gluttony: gluttonies
USAGE EXAMPLES
There’s a split in the yoga world about the pros and cons of flesh-eating but unanimous consent that gluttony is not your friend.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
And when I reach for yet one more sweet, I’m not just revealing my gluttony.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
They found that, for these patients, a week of gluttony did not affect glucose tolerance.
Time(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. 暴饮暴食; 善饥
分布：暴饮暴食(100%)
US ['glʌtˌ-] disapproving
noun uncountable
■when people eat and drink more than they need to 暴饮暴食；贪吃
• They treat Christmas as just another excuse for gluttony. 他们只把圣诞节当作暴饮暴食的另一个借口。
n. 暴食，暴饮暴食；贪食，贪吃
 - gourmandise, engorgement

Word: gradation
Front: gradation
[grəˈdeɪʃn] (宝 21630/21349)
Vocabulary: gradation
(once / 2157 pages)
1n 2n
Anything with a bunch of levels or stages can be considered a gradation. In high school, the process of moving from freshman to senior year could be called a gradation, or your position in the series of steps that lead toward graduation.
Any organization with a hierarchy, set up so that some members are considered better, higher, or more respected than others, has a gradation of positions within it. The military is a great example, with a gradation, or series of steps, from private to general. The root of gradation is the Latin gradationem, which means "ascent by steps."
WORD FAMILY
gradation: gradational, gradations+/gradate: gradated, gradates, gradating, gradation, gradatory/gradational: gradationally
USAGE EXAMPLES
Here as throughout the book, personal experience is inseparable from that of racial consciousness and its varied gradations.
The New Yorker(Dec 01, 2016)
HDR allows games to display more vibrant gradations between an image’s brightest brights and darkest darks as well as substantially improved color depth.
Time(Nov 07, 2016)
As Jane Hall puts it, “there are gradations of coverage.”
Washington Post(Oct 23, 2016)
Back: n. （从一事物到另一事物的）渐变; （事物划分的）阶段; 等级; 刻度
分布：等级(33%)，渐变(30%)，阶段(21%)，元音交替(8%)，刻度(8%)
→来自grade, 级别，层级。
等级;层次(grad+ation)[grad=step,grade,表示"步,级"]
【记】grade（n 等级vt 评分；分等级）
US [greɪ-] noun countable or uncountable
CHANGE 令人愉快的
■(a) gradual change, or a stage in the process of change 逐渐的变化；（变化过程的）阶段，层次
• The gradation in/of tempo in this piece of music is very subtle. 这支曲子节奏的变化非常微妙。
UK [grə'deɪ.ʃən] US [greɪ-] noun countable or uncountable
MARK 变化
■(one of) a set of marks showing units of measurement on a jug, tube or instrument 刻度
• the gradations on a ruler 量尺上的刻度
n. （色彩、颜色、次序、音调等的）渐变；分等级；（各种状态、性质等的）分阶段渐变；元音交替
 - gradual transition, gradual change

Word: genealogy
Front: genealogy
[ˌdʒi:niˈælədʒi] (宝 14582/22917)
Vocabulary: genealogy
(once / 1630 pages)
n
Your genealogy is the story of your ancestry, sometimes referred to as your family tree. Most Americans can trace their genealogy back to Europe, Africa, and Asia, but that's not a hard and fast rule.
The first clue to the meaning of the word genealogy is in the root "gene," as in "passed on through the genes." Add to that the suffix -logy, which means "study," and you get genealogy, the study of one's origins. While some folks are eager to understand their genealogy, others prefer to forget their family history. But these days, knowing one's genealogy can have real advantages, especially medical: knowing your genetic history can help you maintain your health.
WORD FAMILY
genealogy: genealogic, genealogical, genealogies, genealogist+/genealogical: genealogically/genealogist: genealogists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Finally, Dunn and his collaborators will look at sourdough genealogy.
The New Yorker(Dec 08, 2016)
Before that, it was Persohns and Horneys in a line of descendants that followed girls, creating a twisted genealogy record.
Washington Times(Dec 04, 2016)
Genealogy: For genealogy enthusiasts, working on the family tree can introduce grandchildren to their ancestral history.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: n. 系谱，家系，宗谱
分布：宗谱(71%)，家系(29%)
→gen, 生育，祖先。-logy, 学说。
家谱(学)(gen出生+ea+log+y→研究出生的学科)[log=science,表示"科学,学科"]
【记】gene基因，alogy学科一研究基因起源的科学－家系学
noun
uncountable
■(the study of) the history of the past and present members of a family 家谱（学），宗谱（学）；家系，世系
• I became interested in the genealogy of my family. 我对我家的家史产生了兴趣。
countable
■a drawing showing the history of a family with all past and present members joined together by lines 家谱图，宗谱图
n. 宗谱；血统；家系； [遗] 系谱学
 - birth, blood, stem, stock

Word: hacienda
Front: hacienda
[ˌhæsɪˈendə] (19036/29523)
Back: n. （讲西班牙语国家的）庄园住宅，大农场
分布：庄园(100%)
→来自西班牙语hacienda,庄园，农庄，来自拉丁语facere,做，耕作，词源同do,fact.拉丁语f进入西班牙语时变成h.
n. 大庄园
 - latifundia, estancia

Word: heartache
Front: heartache
[ˈhɑ:teɪk] (16260/20525 -1)
Vocabulary: heartache
(once / 5699 pages)
n
The death of your beloved cat may cause you heartache, or a powerful feeling of loss and sadness. Heartache is often caused by the grief of losing someone you love.
Although it doesn't necessarily cause physical discomfort, heartache is an emotionally painful experience. You feel heartache when you lose a loved one, especially when the person you love dies, or when it's impossible for you to be together. Shakespearean tragedies are famously full of heartache. The root of heartache is the Old English heortece, which originally meant a literal "physical pain in the heart," and later came to mean "anguish."
WORD FAMILY
heartache: heartaches
USAGE EXAMPLES
Lifelong care, heartache ahead for babies born with Zika in the U.S.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
It’s also for his coach and teammates, too, who comforted him through his heartache.
Seattle Times(Dec 23, 2016)
In a time of crisis, football provided hope, a refuge from heartache, a welcome distraction.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: n. 心痛，悲伤，伤心
分布：心痛(100%)
→heart,心，心脏，ache,痛苦。
US ['hɑ:rt-] noun countable or uncountable literary
■feelings of great sadness 伤心，悲痛
• You've caused me nothing but heartache. 你只是让我伤心。
• She writes about the joys and heartaches of bringing up children. 她描述了养育孩子的欢乐与悲伤。
n. 心痛；悲叹
 - regret, cardiodynia

Word: headstone
Front: headstone
[ˈhedstəʊn] (15640/21900)
Vocabulary: headstone
(once / 7129 pages)
1n 2n
A headstone is a grave marker, usually inscribed with the dead person's name. You might visit your grandfather's grave each year, leaving flowers beside his headstone.
Another name for a headstone is a tombstone or a gravestone. True to its name, a headstone is often made out of a large piece of stone, frequently slate, granite, or marble. The meaning of headstone was originally "cornerstone," or the stone at the corner of the base of a building, but by the 1700s it came to mean "stone at the head of a grave."
WORD FAMILY
headstone: headstones
USAGE EXAMPLES
But for whatever reason, Mary’s name was never added to the headstone under that of her husband when she died three years after him.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
A Wreaths Across America convoy departed Down East Maine on Saturday, and the wreaths will be placed at headstones in the cemetery next weekend.
Washington Times(Dec 10, 2016)
Martin will lead 10 tractor-trailers carrying loads of Maine-made balsam fir wreaths that will be placed at headstones in Arlington Cemetery.
Washington Times(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: n. 墓碑
分布：墓石(57%)，基石(43%)
US [-stoʊn] noun countable
■a large stone that is put at one end of a grave with the name of the person who has died and other details such as the year they died 墓碑
n. 基石；墓石
 - footstone, foundation stone

Word: harrumph
Front: harrumph
[həˈrʌmf] None
Back: n. 哼声，鼻息
v. 发哼声
分布：哼声(50%)，发哼声(25%)，鼻息(25%)
→干咳声。
[hə'rʊmpf] informal mainly humorous
verb intransitive
■to express anger and disapproval, often not by speaking but making a noise 发哼声（以表示异议或愤怒）
• I didn't hear what he said - he sort of harrumphed and walked off. 我没听到他说甚么——他哼了一声就走开了。
• [+ speech] "Absolute nonsense!" harrumphed the colonel. “一派胡言！”上校哼了一声，说道。
vi. 发哼声
 - humph
n. 哼声；鼻息
 - groaning

Word: ignatius

Word: herbivorous
Front: herbivorous
[hɜ:'bɪvərəs] (宝 31402/39099)
Vocabulary: herbivorous
(once / 24727 pages)
adj
A buffalo, a goose, a grasshopper, and a stegosaurus sit down to eat dinner. This isn’t a joke, it’s an example of herbivorous creatures who exist on a diet of plant life only.
Herbivorous comes from the Latin word herba, which means “green plants,” and that’s what herbivorous animals eat all the time: grass, leaves, and other plants. Some massive and strong animals actually have peaceful herbivorous eating habits, like gorillas and hippopotamuses. The opposite of herbivorous is carnivorous, which describes meat-eating beasts like lions, sharks, crocodiles, and your uncle Marvin who eats nothing but steak all day long.
WORD FAMILY
herbivorous
USAGE EXAMPLES
By feeding on seaweeds and algal turfs, herbivorous fish prevent these organisms from smothering reefs.
Salon(Dec 07, 2016)
But were B. schultzi’s descendants forced to become herbivorous as they grew?
Economist(Nov 10, 2016)
The 133-million-year-old fossil is likely from a species similar to the Iguanodon, an herbivorous dinosaur that lived during the Early Cretaceous Period.
Time(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 食草的
分布：食草的(100%)
食草的(herbi草+vor+ous→食草的)[vor=eat,表示"吃"]

Word: hypnotic
Front: hypnotic
[hɪpˈnɒtɪk] (宝 14877/15708 -1)
Vocabulary: hypnotic
(once / 3602 pages)
adjn
Hypnotic things either relate to hypnosis — putting people under spells — or anything that is mesmerizing or spellbinding.
You know how hypnotists put people under spells and then make them quack like a duck, or do something equally silly? Hypnotic things relate to hypnosis — like a hypnotist's calm, entrancing, hypnotic voice — or other things that tend to grab people's attention in a similar way. The voice of a powerful public speaker could be described as hypnotic. Great music that you can’t turn off could also be considered hypnotic. Anything hypnotic has a powerful hold on your attention.
WORD FAMILY
hypnotic: hypnotically, hypnotics+/ hypnosis: hypnoses, hypnotic, hypnotise, hypnotize, self-hypnosis/hypnotise: hypnotised, hypnotiser, hypnotises, hypnotising/hypnotiser: hypnotisers/ hypnotism: hypnotisms, hypnotist/hypnotist: hypnotists/ hypnotize: hypnotism, hypnotized, hypnotizer, hypnotizes, hypnotizing/hypnotizer: hypnotizers
USAGE EXAMPLES
There are signs warning visitors not to use the spa while under the influence of hypnotics.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
And he’s probably well aware of Animal Collective; he exults in percussive, hypnotic consonance.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Antidepressants were the most common prescription, followed by anxiolytics, sedatives and hypnotics, and antipsychotics.
Time(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: adj. 催眠术的; 易于催眠的
n. 安眠药; 催眠状态的人
分布：催眠的(44%)，安眠药(19%)，催眠药(14%)，催眠术的(11%)，催眠状态的人(7%)，易于催眠的(5%)
→hypno-,睡觉，催眠，-otic,形容词后缀。
催眠的(hypno+tic)[hypno=sleep,表示"睡眠"]
【记】hyp＝high，not，ic：有很高的不not知道的状态－催眠的
【参】hypnosis（n 催眠状态）
【反】conscious（adj 有意识的）；stimulant（n 刺激物）；bracing（adj 令人鼓舞的）
US [-'nɑ:.tˌɪk] adjective
■caused by hypnosis 催眠的
• She went into a hypnotic trance. 她进入了催眠状态。
■describes sounds or movements that are very regular and make you feel as if you want to sleep 有催眠作用的；让人昏昏欲睡的
• The beat of the music was strangely hypnotic. 这种音乐的节奏有种奇怪的催眠作用。
adj. [药] 催眠的，催眠术的；易于催眠的
 - somnolent, soporiferous
n. [药] 安眠药；催眠状态的人
 - sleeping pill, lude

Word: horoscope
Front: horoscope
[ˈhɒrəskəʊp] (24808/20073 -1)
Vocabulary: horoscope
(once / 6821 pages)
n
You can usually read your daily horoscope in the local newspaper. A horoscope is a forecast of your future based on the month in which you were born.
Some people believe that a horoscope is a real way to divine the future; they think that traits and circumstances are determined from the position of the planets at the exact moment of a person's birth. Others enjoy reading their horoscopes just for fun. The word horoscope has a Greek root, hōroskopos, combining hōra, "time or hour," and skopos, "observer or watching." A horoscope, in other words, is something that watches the hour of one's birth.
WORD FAMILY
horoscope: horoscopes
USAGE EXAMPLES
Horoscope: “You have a hobby you love, so make it okay to dedicate some hours to this pastime.”
Washington Post(Nov 17, 2016)
His mother provided a horoscope, which became the basis of his age, he said, but he was not carrying it with him.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
If this paper published horoscopes, I suspect there would be a disclaimer saying that there is no evidence that astrology can predict the...
New York Times(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: n. 星占; 星象; 算命天宫图
分布：占星(67%)，占星术(33%)
→来自希腊语hora,时间，词源同hour,-scope,看，词源同telescope.在古希腊时期占星家通过观测和计算一个人出生时的太阳，月亮，行星及其它有影响的天文因素和这些星体的方位角来推算一个人的命运走向。比较汉语生辰八字。
US ['hɔ:r.ə.skoʊp] noun countable
■a description of what is going to happen to you, based on the position of the stars and planets at the time of your birth 星相；占星术
• I read my horoscope most days. 我大多数日子都会看一下自己的星座运势。
• My horoscope said I was going to be lucky in love this month. 我的星相说这个月我会走桃花运。
n. 占星术；星象；十二宫图
 - astrology, zodiac

Word: iconography
Front: iconography
[ˌaɪkəˈnɒgrəfi] (14409/24409)
Back: n. 图解; 插图; 画像研究; （对一个人的）肖像研究
分布：肖像学(45%)，图解(37%)，图标研究(12%)，图解书(6%)
→icon,图像，-graphy,写，学说。
肖像画法[icon=image(形象)]
US [-'nɑ:.grə-] noun uncountable
■the use of images and symbols to represent ideas, or the particular images and symbols used in this way by a religious or political group, etc （宗教或政治派别等用来表达思想的）图示，象征，图像，意象
• religious/political iconography 宗教／政治意象
• The iconography of this picture is fascinating. 这幅画的意象引人入胜。
• I am studying the iconography of Islamic texts, with special reference to the representation of women. 我正在研究伊斯兰教文献中的象征手法，特别是对女性的描述。
n. 肖像研究；肖像学；图解
 - diagram, illustration

Word: incomparable
Front: incomparable
[ɪnˈkɒmprəbl] (18700/19249)
Vocabulary: incomparable
(once / 1196 pages)
adj
Something incomparable cannot be compared to anything else. Incomparable is usually a compliment for people and achievements that are extraordinary.
When we compare things, we notice similarities and differences between them. However, when something is incomparable, comparison is impossible because what you're talking about is so amazing. You might say that the paintings of Picasso are incomparable masterpieces or that the Grand Canyon is an incomparable sight. People do tend to exaggerate, but this word should be reserved for the truly outstanding.
WORD FAMILY
incomparable: incomparablest, incomparably+/ comparable: comparability, comparably, incomparable, uncomparable/comparably: uncomparably/ comparative: comparatively, comparatives/ compare: comparable, comparative, compared, compares, comparing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Another musical homage that Wonder perfectly infuses with the sensibilities of its inspiration, this time the incomparable Bob Marley.
Slate(Dec 18, 2016)
He’s the greatest to me in terms of comic films, he’s incomparable.
The Guardian(Dec 18, 2016)
“He was an incredible man. Very intelligent. Incomparable.”
The Guardian(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 无双的; 无敌的，无比的; 无可比拟; 无与伦比
分布：无可比拟的(54%)，无比的(28%)，无双的(18%)
→in-,不，非，comparable,可相比的。
US [-'kɑ:m.pɚ-] adjective
■so good or great that nothing or no one else could achieve the same standard 无与伦比的，无双的
• incomparable beauty/skill 举世无双的美丽／技艺
• the incomparable Mohammed Ali 无可匹敌的穆罕默德‧阿里
adj. 无比的；无可匹敌的；不能比较的
 - unparalleled, matchless

Word: incompatibility
Front: incompatibility
[ˌɪnkəmˌpætə'bɪlətɪ] (19361/15788)
Vocabulary: incompatibility
(once / 8260 pages)
1n 2n
She wants kids, he doesn't? She's married to him, he's married to his work? That's incompatibility right there: the inability of two sides to exist in a harmonious relationship with each other because of their different outlooks and beliefs.
It's not just relationships between people that are characterized by incompatibility, though that's the most common use of the term. Different objects and ideas can be, too. Being tone deaf is incompatible with being a good singer, for example, and if anyone's ever tried to run a Mac program on a PC they know all about the incompatibility of different computer systems.
WORD FAMILY
incompatibility: incompatibilities+/ compatibility: compatibilities/ compatible: compatibility, compatibly, incompatible / incompatible: incompatibility, incompatibly
USAGE EXAMPLES
This isn’t an issue of incompatibility, this is an issue of character.
Slate(Dec 05, 2016)
As you move the groups around, the interactive will point out any incompatibilities in your coalitions.
The New Yorker(Nov 14, 2016)
However, the component subgenomes of a polyploid must cooperate to mediate potential incompatibilities of dosage, regulatory controls, protein–protein interactions and transposable element activity.
Nature(Oct 18, 2016)
Back: n. 不一致; 合不来; 不兼容; 不匹配
分布：不相容(92%)，不两立(4%)，不兼容的事物.(4%)
n. [免疫] [数] 不相容；不协调；不一致
 - variance, disparity

Word: infanticide
Front: infanticide
[ɪnˈfæntɪsaɪd] (26270/36945)
Back: n. 杀婴，杀婴者; 溺婴; 杀孑; 食子
分布：杀婴(94%)，杀害婴儿的人(6%)
→infant,婴儿，-cid,杀，词源同herbicide,homicide.
US [-tˌə-] formal
noun uncountable
■the crime of killing a child 杀婴罪

Word: infatuated
Front: infatuated
[ɪnˈfætʃueɪtɪd] (宝 21919/23284)
Vocabulary: infatuated
(once / 3179 pages)
adj
Think he has no faults? Blush when he walks by? You are infatuated. When you are infatuated, your crush is so severe that it's pretty darned foolish.
Infatuation comes from the Latin infature which means "to make a fool of." You can be infatuated with a person, but you can also be infatuated with an idea: "Nick was so infatuated with the idea of knighthood that he wore a suit of armor to the prom, and asked to be called 'Sir Nicholas the Brave.'"
WORD FAMILY
infatuated: infatuatedly+/ infatuate: infatuated, infatuates, infatuating, infatuation / infatuation: infatuations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Before they started and after each task, the participants were asked how attached to and infatuated with their partner they felt.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 19, 2016)
I was infatuated with Michael J Fox for a solid two years, so that’s probably partly why this is on the list.
The Guardian(Dec 18, 2016)
He also becomes infatuated with the old man’s much younger, highly seductive wife.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 热恋的，着迷的
v. 冲昏头脑( infatuate的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：入迷的(58%)，昏头昏脑的(42%)
US [-tˌɪd] adjective
■having a very strong but not usually lasting feeling of love or attraction for someone or something （通常短期）热恋的，着迷的
• She was infatuated with her boss. 她对她的老板很着迷。
adj. 入迷的；昏头昏脑的
 - rapt, dippy

Word: insinuation
Front: insinuation
[ɪnˌsɪnjuˈeɪʃn] (22471/24918)
Vocabulary: insinuation
(once / 2180 pages)
n
An insinuation is a sly way of saying something, usually something insulting. It can also be a way of worming your way into a group or situation.
"You're dumb!" is an insult. An insinuation is different: it's a way of indirectly saying something. Insinuation evolved from the Latin insinuationem, meaning "entrance through a narrow way.” So an insinuation is like an insult that sneaks in the back door. Mentioning that your cousin could try harder in school could be an insinuation that your cousin’s lazy. Another kind of insinuation is when someone, often through flattery, gets herself accepted by others. Both kinds of insinuations are sneaky.
WORD FAMILY
insinuation: insinuations+/ insinuate: insinuated, insinuates, insinuating, insinuation /insinuating: insinuatingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The insinuation is that the reform is designed to turn the BBG into a Trump propaganda megaphone.
Washington Times(Dec 19, 2016)
He calls Duffy’s insinuation that people from Madison are un-American is “extremely alarming.”
Washington Times(Dec 07, 2016)
Like I say, it’s a fascinating theory, in its underlying insinuations and its demonstrable wrongness.
The Guardian(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: n. 谄媚求宠; 曲意奉承; 影射; 含蓄的批评
分布：暗示(59%)，暗讽(28%)，影射(13%)
→来自insinuate,影射。
n. 暗示；暗讽；间接的讽刺
 - connotation, reminder, implication, allusion

Word: keir

Word: judder
Front: judder
[ˈdʒʌdə(r)] (-/39060)
Back: n. 急剧的变化，颤抖
vi. 颤抖
时态：juddered, juddering, judders
分布：颤抖(58%)，震颤(23%)，振动(19%)
US [-ɚ] UK (US shudder)
verb intransitive
■(especially of a vehicle) to shake violently （尤指车辆）剧烈震动，震颤
• The train juddered to a halt. 火车一边剧烈震动一边停了下来。
vi. 颤抖；颤动
 - quake, chatter vibration
n. 颤抖；声调急剧变化
 - flesh-creep, frisson

Word: kip
Front: kip
[kɪp] (42030/22781)
Back: n. <英，非正>睡觉
vi. 在某处过夜，在（自己的床以外的地方）睡觉
时态：kipped, kipping, kips
分布：千磅(75%)，幼兽皮(25%)
[kɪp] UK informal
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition (-pp-)
■to sleep, especially in a place which is not your home （尤指并非在自己家中）睡觉，住宿
• You can have my bed and I'll kip (down) on the sofa. 你可以睡在我的床上，我睡沙发。
[kɪp] UK informal
noun [S or U]
■sleep 睡觉
• I must get some kip. 我得睡一会儿。
• I had a quick kip after lunch. 午饭后我小睡了一会儿。
n. 睡觉；客栈；千磅；生幼兽皮
 - hotel, shuteye

Word: judgement
Front: judgement
[ˈdʒʌdʒmənt] (高研四六托 14669/2486 -K)
Vocabulary: judgement
(once / 1565 pages)
n
Judgement is a British spelling of the word usually spelled in North America as "judgment," without the "e." If you're going to sit in judgement of proper spelling, make sure you're sitting on the eastern side of the Atlantic.
The spellings judgement and judgment have both been available since the sixteenth century. Americans have opted for the "e"-less spelling, while judgement has lingered in the U.K. But even there, judgment has now become the conventional spelling in legal usage. Use your judg(e)ment when deciding how to spell this word, and leave out the "e" for an American audience.
WORD FAMILY
judgement: judgements
USAGE EXAMPLES
Shardik did not find favour among critics with some describing it as "preachy", a judgement with which Adams did not disagree.
BBC(Dec 27, 2016)
The appellate court disagreed and said the decision last December didn’t constitute a final judgement in the case.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
“That’s the research that is needed to inform judgement on whether and how to proceed,” he says.
Nature(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 判断，鉴定，评价，判断; 审判，裁判，判决; 看法，意见; 判断力，见识
分布：判断(66%)，判决(15%)，审判(8%)，评价(6%)，意见(5%)
n.(judgment)审判,判决;判断(力);看法,意见The judgement went against him.裁判对他不利.
discrimination, judgement, sense
这组词都有“识别力，判断”的意思，其区别是：
discrimination: 指辨别精微的能力，甚至平时观察不到的也可识别出来。
judgement: 指经过训练或磨练或凭经历而得到辨别或判断事物的能力或品质。
sense: 指不带幻想或感情、偏见地观察事物，并能作出明智、公平的选择与决定。
n. 意见；判断力； [法] 审判；评价
 - opinion, appraisal, evaluation, comment, view

Word: irreducible
Front: irreducible
[ˌɪrɪˈdju:səbl] (宝 22082/26818)
Vocabulary: irreducible
(once / 22010 pages)
adj
Something irreducible is as simple, basic, or straightforward as it possibly can be.
How a certain person grows up to be a genius is irreducible to the sum of her experiences and genetic material — it's not that simple. And you might say that you can't generalize about your favorite poet, that her brilliant work is irreducible to such simplification. Irreducible is a big word, but it basically just means "you can't make it any simpler than this."
WORD FAMILY
irreducible: irreducibly+/ reduce: reduced, reducer, reduces, reducible, reducing, reduction, reductive / reduced: unreduced/reducer: reducers/reducible: irreducible / reduction: reductionism, reductions/ reductionism: reductionist / reductive: reductively, reductivism
USAGE EXAMPLES
Carrie Fisher was never just a “her,” she was irreducibly an “us.”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 27, 2016)
It turns out that the job of a real financial adviser involves helping people make important decisions in the face of irreducible uncertainty.
New York Times(Nov 14, 2016)
None of which was an issue for the three improvising guitarists on the bill, each a distinct and irreducible highlight of the evening.
New York Times(Oct 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 不能减少的，不能简化的
分布：不能削减的(40%)，不可约的(36%)，不能复归的(24%)
→ir-,不，非，reducible,可简化的。
【记】reduce（vt 减少；简化）
【反】factorable（adj 能分解成因子的）
US [-'du:-] formal
adjective
■impossible to make smaller or simpler 不能减缩的；不可简化的
• A few simple shapes are the irreducible forms from which all of the patterns are generated. 一些简单的形状不可简化，所有图案都是由这些形状构成的。

Word: jester
Front: jester
[ˈdʒestə(r)] (24514/23234)
Vocabulary: jester
(once / 2758 pages)
n
A jester is a joker or clown who performs for an audience. Most jesters worked for English kings' courts during medieval and Tudor times.
Back in Shakespeare's day, English royals employed many entertainers who performed plays, songs, and other acts for them. Among these professionals was the jester, whose job was keeping the nobles amused. Some jesters would travel in groups, putting on shows in various cities. Fools and jesters appear in many of Shakespeare's plays. The word was originally spelled gestour, which was defined as "a minstrel or teller of tales." The root is the Anglo-Latin gesten, "recite a tale."
WORD FAMILY
jester: jesters+/ jest: jested, jester, jesting, jests/jesting: jestingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The jester’s needling of his audience, the king, was part of his performance.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
He is a disarming figure, part nationalist, part jester.
The New Yorker(Nov 30, 2016)
It’s been our job since jesters needled kings.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. （昔日为统治者说笑逗乐的）弄臣
分布：小丑(81%)，爱开玩笑的人(19%)
→来自jest,打趣，逗笑。即逗人笑的人，引申词义小丑，弄臣。
US [-tɚ] noun countable
■a man in the past whose job was to tell jokes and make people laugh （旧时的）逗乐小丑，弄臣
• a court jester 宫廷弄臣
n. （中世纪宫廷或贵族家中的）小丑；爱开玩笑的人
 - clow, merry-andrew

Word: lawbreaker
Front: lawbreaker
[ˈlɔ:breɪkə(r)] (26261/43676)
Back: n. 犯法者
分布：犯法者(100%)

Word: knitwear
Front: knitwear
[ˈnɪtweə(r)] (36311/17085)
Back: n. 针织品
分布：针织品(100%)
→knit,编织，wear,衣衫，衣服。
US [-wer] noun uncountable
■clothes made by connecting wool or another type of thread into joined rows 针织品；针织物

Word: levitation
Front: levitation
[ˌlevɪ'teɪʃn] (29416/40919)
Vocabulary: levitation
(once / 36368 pages)
n
When a magician makes a hat float mysteriously in the air, that's levitation. You may see levitation that appears entirely real at a magic show, with silver balls or scarves appearing to linger in midair.
In the illusion of levitation, a magician raises an object or person into the air, and a psychic or medium's levitation might consist of a table rising slowly into the air. There are also scientifically valid examples of levitation, from the simple occurrence of a feather being blown upward by a breeze to magnetic levitation, when a powerful magnet exerts a force that's strong enough to raise a metal object into the air.
WORD FAMILY
levitation: levitations+/ levitate: levitated, levitates, levitating, levitation
USAGE EXAMPLES
At each it was pleasant to murmur “How did he do that?” about something as anodyne as a spectacular levitation.
New York Times(Dec 04, 2016)
Strange traditionally wears the Cloak of Levitation in the comics, and the magical accessory has been seen multiple times in the film’s trailers and clips.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 05, 2016)
There’s even a great deal of physical comedy, much of it from Strange’s ornery cloak of levitation.
Slate(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: n. 升空，漂浮; 浮起
分布：飘浮(100%)
n. 升空；飘浮
 - blastoff, wafture

Word: lipper

Word: luxuriant
Front: luxuriant
[lʌgˈʒʊəriənt] (托宝 23191/21407)
Vocabulary: luxuriant
(once / 1026 pages)
adj
You can use the adjective luxuriant to describe something really luxurious or full and lush. If you walk through a dense forest after it rains, it's really luxuriant with green plants overgrowing the paths.
Natural, growing things are luxuriant when they're fertile and full of life. People and places that show a fullness of life and wealth are also luxuriant. If you enter a room full of deep, plush couches and expensive decorations you're in a luxuriant space. And anything really enjoyable to the senses — whether costly or not — can be luxuriant, like a really rich and creamy piece of warm vanilla cake with a large hot chocolate: that's luxuriant.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
luxuriant / luxurious
No doubt advertising affects language. Where would we be without the free gift, new and improved, or supersize? (Perhaps writing more grammatically and eating more healthily...) In yet another attempt to reduce English to features and selling points, advertisers often use luxuriant to describe their products or services:
Luxuriant Cracked Heel Repair
Luxuriant Christmas Tree Wallpaper
Miralux Luxuriant Mattress
Problem is luxuriant means lush growth; thick and rich. As in a luxuriant growth of leaves in the spring. What those advertisers really want is luxurious, as in self-indulgent; comfort, elegance, or enjoyment in the extreme:
Mediterranea ... is a luxurious community situated adjacent to the sea, boasting stunning views of the Mediterranean.
This luxurious penthouse at the One Hyde Park development in the Knightsbridge of London just sold for a record-breaking £140 million or $220 million.
French President Nicolas Sarkozy orders brand new, luxurious presidential jet to rival Air Force One
As a society, we tolerate a lot of bent or outright broken language rules in advertising. We tune a lot of it out, anyway. But the careful writer should not emulate advertising-speak and should be wary of copying its word usage. Using luxuriant for luxurious is very much considered an error and is to be avoided.
WORD FAMILY
luxuriant: luxuriance, luxuriantly+/ luxuriance: luxuriances
USAGE EXAMPLES
The song invites a delicious, almost luxuriant self-pity and melancholy that envelops you like a steaming tub filled with expensive bath oils.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The reindeers, the snowmen, the sleds - all look very incongruous amid the city's luxuriant, tropical vegetation.
BBC(Dec 17, 2016)
Ms. Toro’s photos are luxuriant with that same crackling of reckless abandon, edged with the danger of being and the joy of it.
New York Times(Oct 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 茂盛的; 郁郁葱葱的; 绚烂的; 华丽的
分布：繁茂的(34%)，华丽的(24%)，丰富的(24%)，奢华的(9%)，肥沃的(9%)
→来自拉丁语luxus,过度，宏伟，壮观，词源同luxury.后用于形容植物茂密的，茂盛的。
US [-'ʒʊr.i-] adjective
■growing thickly, strongly and well 茂盛的，繁茂的；浓密的
• Tall, luxuriant plants grew along the river bank. 河岸上生长着高大茂盛的植物。
• This stretch of land was once covered with luxuriant forest, but is now bare. 这块土地上曾经覆盖着茂密的森林，但现在却已经光秃秃的了。
• Her luxuriant hair fell around her shoulders. 她秀发披肩。
■pleasantly thick or full 密实的，饱满的
• We've bought a wonderfully luxuriant carpet for our bedroom. 我们买了一块漂亮厚实的地毯铺在睡房里。
• a luxuriant style of writing 华丽的文风
adj. 繁茂的；丰富的；奢华的；肥沃的
 - abundant, rich, full, rank

Word: lithography
Front: lithography
[lɪˈθɒgrəfi] (22639/41339)
Vocabulary: lithography
(once / 19440 pages)
n
Lithography is a printmaking technique that's commonly used when text is being printed. Some artists also use lithography to print images.
Unlike other forms of printmaking that involve carving a plate or block that's then coated with ink, in lithography the metal or stone plate is coated with a waxy material. Text or images are carved out of this coating and spread with an oily ink that only adheres to the coated surface. Maps, prints, newspapers, and many other items (often with both images and text) are printed this way. Lithography combines the Greek lithos, "stone," and graphein, "to write."
WORD FAMILY
lithography: lithographer, lithographies+/lithographer: lithographers
USAGE EXAMPLES
He’d grown bored with flat, two-dimensional lithography prints, which traditionally ran small because the stone surfaces they were printed on were limited in size.
Los Angeles Times(Aug 31, 2016)
The scientists created this complex system using several techniques, including soft lithography and multimaterial-embedded 3D printing.
Seattle Times(Aug 26, 2016)
The rumbling starts up from the machine — a modified lithography press instead of a smaller etching press, to accommodate the artist’s unusually large scale.
Los Angeles Times(Aug 05, 2016)
Back: n. 平版印刷术; 石印
分布：平版印刷术(100%)
→来自lithography,石版印刷。

Word: magnetite
Front: magnetite
['mægnɪtaɪt] (36719/-)
Back: n. 磁铁矿
分布：磁铁矿(100%)
n. [矿物] 磁铁矿
 - lodeston

Word: lolly
Front: lolly
[ˈlɒli] (36398/24298)
Back: n. <口>棒糖，冰棍儿; <俚>钱
分布：钱(100%)
→来自lollipop,棒棒糖，俚语钱。
US ['lɑ:.li] noun
SWEET 糖果
countable UK
■ ice lolly or lollipop 冰棍；棒棒糖
countable Australian
■a wrapped sweet for sucking or chewing (= crushing with the teeth) （用纸包装的）糖果
UK ['lɒl.i] US ['lɑ:.li] noun
MONEY 钱
uncountable UK old-fashioned slang for
■ money
n. 棒棒糖；钱
 - money, QIAN, pocket

Word: magnanimity
Front: magnanimity
[ˌmæɡnə'nɪmətɪ] (宝 28868/33574)
Vocabulary: magnanimity
(once / 1953 pages)
n
Magnanimous behavior is noble, generous, or unselfish, and to exhibit magnanimity is to be this way. He showed great magnanimity in not pressing charges when I drove his car into the pond. "Accidents happen my friend," he said, and patted me on the back.
In Latin, magnus means "great": a magnate is a great man; a magnum is a great big bottle of champagne. Magnanimity is the generous greatness of spirit. When you are being the bigger person, you are behaving with magnanimity. "The supermodel grabbed the magnum of champagne, lifted it to her mouth and drained the bottle. With great magnanimity, her host smiled and offered her another."
WORD FAMILY
magnanimity: magnanimities+/ magnanimous: magnanimity, magnanimously, magnanimousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
The bills offer Mr. Trump an opportunity to demonstrate magnanimity and maybe earn some political capital for the rest of his agenda.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 15, 2016)
At first, things seemed pleasant, with the two parties sending one another drinks as a show of magnanimity.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
For those who were celebrating, he quoted Churchill about not gloating: “In victory, magnanimity.”
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 宽宏大量
分布：高尚(38%)，雅量(36%)，宽大(26%)
n. 宽宏大量；慷慨
 - generosity, liberalness

Word: meditative
Front: meditative
[ˈmedɪtətɪv] (宝 17787/22247)
Vocabulary: meditative
(once / 1545 pages)
adj
The adjective meditative is good for describing something that's reflective or deeply thoughtful. Your favorite movies might be quiet, slow-paced, and meditative.
When you reflect on your life or an important decision, you are meditative, and anything that involves this state of mind can be described the same way. A yoga studio often has a meditative feeling about it, and good, thoughtful advice is usually offered in a meditative way. The root of meditative is the Latin word meditat, or "contemplated," which in turn comes from a Proto-Indo-European root that means "to measure, consider, or advise."
WORD FAMILY
meditative: meditatively, meditativeness+/ meditate: meditated, meditates, meditating, meditation, meditative, premeditate / meditation: meditations/ premeditate: premeditated, premeditating, premeditation / premeditated: premeditatedly, unpremeditated/ premeditation: premeditations/unpremeditated: unpremeditatedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Trying to do a meditative movie at this point, in this insane world we’re in now, was incredibly brave.
Seattle Times(Dec 20, 2016)
She practices Sufi whirling, a twirling style of dance associated with Persian dervishes that involves extended stretches of vigorous spinning in a meditative trance.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Fans often describe the videos as meditative, or even therapeutic.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 沉思的，冥想的
分布：冥想的(65%)，沉思的(31%)，善於思考的(4%)
→来自meditate,沉思，冥想。
沉思的(meditate沉思)[-arive表形容词."有…倾向(性质)的"]
ADJ-GRADED
沉思的;深思的
Meditative describes things that are related to the act of meditating or the act of thinking very deeply about something.
例：Music can induce a meditative state in the listener...音乐能够引导倾听者沉思。
例：Yogis trained in Eastern meditative techniques can change their heart rate.接受过东方冥想训练的瑜伽信徒能够改变他们的心率。
adj. 冥想的，沉思的；耽于默想的
 - reflecting, contemplative

Word: marquee
Front: marquee
[mɑ:ˈki:] (13068/12258 -1)
Vocabulary: marquee
(once / 5452 pages)
n
A marquee is the roof-like overhang at the doorway of a hotel or theater, often holding a sign. You could choose a Broadway play just by wandering past the theaters and picking out a marquee that looks interesting.
A marquee is a theater sign or canopy that protrudes above a building's entrance. Movie theaters and performing arts theaters can have marquees, as can hotels and many other buildings. Marquee can also describe a person with a starring role, almost always preceding the word player, like when you describe the most well-known member of your local mime troupe as your "marquee player."
WORD FAMILY
marquee: marquees
USAGE EXAMPLES
A marquee was built on land next to the The Tetley arts centre in central Leeds to house the production.
BBC(Dec 30, 2016)
And the star billed at the top of the marquee isn’t selling the main event.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
And the Wildcats are set for a marquee matchup on the road against No. 10 Creighton on Saturday.
Seattle Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: n. 大帐篷; 大天幕; 选取框; 门罩
分布：选取框(36%)，大帐篷(30%)，华盖(17%)，大天幕(17%)
→来自法语marquise,女侯爵，来自marquis阴性格。后用于指多种豪华或大型物品，如大帐篷，大梨，大型广告牌等，可能是来自人们对豪门贵妇的幻想。其拼写是由于误以为marquise为复数，因此想当然的改成了单数形式。
US [mɑ:r-] noun countable
TENT 帐篷 UK a large tent used for eating and drinking in at events held mainly outside that involve a lot of people （聚会用的）大帐篷，大营帐
• We're planning to hold the wedding reception in a marquee in the garden. 我们打算在花园的大帐篷里举行婚宴。
UK [mɑ:'ki:] US [mɑ:r-] noun countable
ROOF 房顶 US a roof-like structure which sticks out over the entrance to a public building, especially a theatre, and on which there is usually a sign （尤指剧院入口处挂有招牌的）遮檐，遮篷
UK [mɑ:'ki:] US [mɑ:r-] adjective [before noun] US
■being the main performer or sports person in a show, film, sports event, etc. or being the performer, etc. whose name will attract most people to the show, film, etc 大牌的，响当当的，知名的
• The studio chiefs wanted a marquee name in the lead role, not some unknown. 制片厂老板想要大牌明星来领衔主演，而不是无名小辈。
n. 选取框；大天幕；华盖
 - baldachin, canopy

Word: masjid

Word: meson
Front: meson
['mezɒn] (34396/-)
Back: n. 介子
分布：重电子(50%)，〈物理〉介子(50%)
n. [高能] 介子；正中面
 - pion, mumeson

Word: misname
Front: misname
[ˌmɪsˈneɪm] (38583/36990)
Back: vt. 叫错…的名字，给…取名不当
时态：misnamed, misnaming, misnames
分布：误称(100%)
→mis-,坏的，错的，不好的，name,命名。
vt. 误称；给…取名不当
 - miscall

Word: microgram
Front: microgram
[ˈmaɪkrəʊgræm] (23527/-)
Back: n. 微观图，显微照片
分布：微克(100%)
US [-kroʊ-] noun countable
■0.000 001 of a gram 微克
n. [计量] 微克；微观图，显微照片
 - gamma

Word: mollycoddle
Front: mollycoddle
[ˈmɒlikɒdl] (宝 -/39574)
Vocabulary: mollycoddle
(once / 39008 pages)
vn
Mollycoddle means to spoil or overindulge something. You can think of mollycoddle as an extreme form of coddle. If you constantly fuss over your dog and serve her homemade food while she's resting on a soft feather bed, you mollycoddle her.
Mollycoddle began as a noun describing a man who pampered or indulged himself too much. When applied to men, Molly, the woman's name, was a slur meaning "too feminine." No longer just for men, the verb mollycoddle describes any kind of excessively indulgent or overprotective treatment. A coach may mollycoddle his star player by planning practice around his schedule, or you may mollycoddle your little sister by doing her homework for her when she says she's tired.
WORD FAMILY
mollycoddle: mollycoddled, mollycoddles, mollycoddling
USAGE EXAMPLES
Bloodborne subverts the prevailing wisdom that contemporary video games must mollycoddle their players and quash mystery.
The New Yorker(Dec 14, 2015)
Bloodborne subverts the prevailing wisdom that contemporary video games must mollycoddle their players and quash mystery.
The New Yorker(Dec 14, 2015)
But, honestly, how mollycoddled do you need to be?
The Guardian(Jan 20, 2016)
Back: vt. 娇养，宠坏
时态：mollycoddled, mollycoddling, mollycoddles
分布：溺爱(46%)，女性化的男人(27%)，纵容(18%)，娇生惯养的男人(9%)
→molly,来自常见女性名Mary的昵称，在俚语里用于指娘娘腔，coddle,溺爱，骄纵。即把自己当女人一样骄纵的男人，后用做动词宠爱，溺爱。
【记】molly软，抚摸，coddle（v 纵容）：又抚摸又纵容－过分纵容
【反】treat harshly（严厉对待）
US ['mɑ:.liˌkɑ:.dl] informal mainly disapproving
verb transitive
■to give someone too much care or protection 娇养；纵容；宠坏
• You're not helping the children by mollycoddling them - they have to grow up sometime. 你娇惯孩子对他们没好处——他们总会长大的。
vt. 溺爱；纵容
 - baby, dote upon
n. 女性化的男人；懦夫
 - chicken, nancy

Word: methylate

Word: mortify
Front: mortify
[ˈmɔ:tɪfaɪ] (宝 18139/21377)
Vocabulary: mortify
(once / 534 pages)
1v 2v 3v
To mortify someone is to cause them extreme embarrassment. Your mother may not have been trying to mortify you when she showed up at your senior prom with a bunch of unicorn balloons, but she did.
The root of the verb mortify is from the Latin word mors, which means “death.” To mortify something used to mean to destroy its life, but now mortify is mostly used when you feel so ashamed or embarrassed you “want to die.” To punish yourself through deprivation from food or another desire, you can mortify that compulsion, but it’s probably best to just mortify your parents by showing up at their work place with a new mohawk.
WORD FAMILY
mortify: mortification, mortified, mortifies, mortifying+/ mortification: mortifications, self-mortification / mortified: mortifiedly/mortifying: mortifyingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I was just mortified,” Ms. Tanden said in an interview.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
I was mortified by ongoing drone attacks and upset by his administration’s surprising secrecy.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
Many of us remain mortified by our nation’s recent political choices.
The Guardian(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: vt. 使受辱; 伤害（人的感情）; 克制; 抑制（肉体、情感等）
vi. （指肌肤）变成坏疽
时态：mortified, mortifying, mortifies
分布：抑制(80%)，使 ... 受辱(20%)
→来自拉丁语mors,死亡，死的，词源同mortal,murder,-fy,使。即使死亡，使感觉要死的，比引申词义使羞愧。
使羞辱;屈辱(mort+ify→使人想死→羞辱[别人])[mort=death,表示"死"]
【记】mort死，ify－让人想尴尬的想死－使人屈辱
【参】mortuary（n 停尸房）
VERB
使丢面子;使窘迫;使羞愧
If you say that something mortifies you, you mean that it offends or embarrasses you a great deal.
例：Jane mortified her family by leaving her husband.简离开丈夫的做法使她的家庭蒙羞。
vt. 抑制；苦修；使…感屈辱
 - control, restrain, stay
vi. 禁欲；苦行；约束
 - hold in, hold oneself in

Word: nucleic
Front: nucleic
['nju:klɪɪk] (29495/28400)
Back: adj. 核的
分布：核的(100%)

Word: newsagent
Front: newsagent
[ˈnju:zeɪdʒənt] (-/11189 -1)
Back: n. 报刊经销人
分布：报刊经销商(56%)，报刊经销店(44%)
US ['nu:z-] UK
noun countable (also newsagent's)
■a shop whose main business is selling newspapers and magazines 报刊销售店，书报亭
• Do you want anything from the newsagent's apart from a paper? 除了报纸，你还有甚么要在报刊店里买吗？
■a person who owns or manages a newsagent's 报刊经销人

Word: navigable
Front: navigable
[ˈnævɪgəbl] (雅 23532/24389)
Vocabulary: navigable
(once / 1959 pages)
adj
If you can get your ship through, then both the ship and the waterway are navigable.
If people of average intelligence could wade their way through the federal tax code without help, the IRS would be navigable. Alas. On the other hand, the New York City subway system is quite navigable, as are any of its functioning trains. If one can get through a passageway or system, it is considered navigable. Likewise, if a truck, car, boat, plane, train, or other vessel can be steered then it, too, is navigable.
WORD FAMILY
navigable: navigability, unnavigable+/ circumnavigate: circumnavigated, circumnavigates, circumnavigating, circumnavigation/circumnavigation: circumnavigations/ navigate: circumnavigate, navigable, navigated, navigates, navigating, navigation, navigator / navigation: navigational, navigations/navigational: navigationally/ navigator: navigators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Commercial rafters never stopped using their rights to a navigable waterway, though they lost business after the blowout.
Washington Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Rains reduce traffic on these easily navigable paths through a lush wooded landscape.
Seattle Times(Nov 23, 2016)
The city is easily navigable by foot, bike and bus.
Washington Times(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: adj. （水域）可航行[通航]的; （船只、飞机等）可领航的，可操纵的
n. （河、海和船舶等的）适航性
分布：可航行的(43%)，适于航行的(22%)，可驾驶的(19%)，可操纵的(16%)
adjective
■(of an area of water) deep, wide or safe enough for a boat to go through （水域）可通航的，可航行的
• That stretch of river is too shallow to be navigable. 那段河道太浅，不能通航。
adj. [水运] [航] 可航行的；可驾驶的；适于航行的
 - floatable, flyable

Word: nymph
Front: nymph
[nɪmf] (宝 15624/15733 -1)
Vocabulary: nymph
(once / 985 pages)
1n 2n
If you're excited to have spotted a nymph, you must take an interest in attractive young women or in bugs. It's really none of my business either way.
The word nymph comes straight out of Greek mythology, where it described nature spirits in the form of young women usually found in the woods. When you didn't return to the campsite for so long, I thought you'd either been eaten by a bear or run off with a nymph. What do you mean you ran off with a bear? Or were you just out looking for the insect larva kind of nymphs?
WORD FAMILY
nymph: nymphs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Cenzo falls in love with Giulia, and before long she is “transformed into a fierce little sea nymph,” words are “insufficient” to describe her.
New York Times(Oct 24, 2016)
Nymphs hatched in the silvery water and the western sky lit up like coals in a dying fire.
New York Times(Oct 21, 2016)
The term “annual cicada” is something of a misnomer, as nymphs may spend two to five years underground before emerging.
New York Times(Sep 16, 2016)
Back: n. 仙女; 幼虫
分布：女神(60%)，美丽的少女(20%)，蛹(20%)
→来自拉丁语nympha,新娘，少女，半人半神的仙女，来自拉丁语nubere,结婚，词源同nubile,nuptial.
【记】来自罗马神话中的宁芙女神，以美丽女子形象出现，有时化身为树、水和山等自然之物的小女神
noun countable
■(in ancient Greek and Roman traditional stories) a goddess or spirit in the form of a young woman, living in a tree, river, mountain, etc. （希腊罗马神话中居于山林水泽的）仙女；宁芙
n. 女神；居于山林水泽的仙女；美丽的少女；蛹
 - goddess, pupa

Word: numeral
Front: numeral
[ˈnju:mərəl] (19071/21494)
Vocabulary: numeral
(once / 3196 pages)
nadj
A numeral is a number. When you set an online password, it's safest to use both numerals and letters.
The actual symbol that represents a number is technically known as a numeral, although you can use numeral and number interchangeably. You might have a watch with glow-in-the-dark numerals, or use the calculator on your smart phone to add up numerals. You can also use numeral as an adjective: "How many numeral cards are in the deck, and how many face cards?" The Latin root is numerus, or "number."
WORD FAMILY
numeral: numerals
USAGE EXAMPLES
Like a classic military dial, it’s black and the numerals are a bold, luminous white.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 20, 2016)
Then she blew out the candles on her cake — not one for every year, but three numerals to show her age, 117.
Seattle Times(Nov 29, 2016)
On others I formed the letters of his name using Roman numerals.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Back: n. 数词，数字
adj. 数字的
分布：数(56%)，数字(37%)，数字的(4%)，表示数字的(3%)
→numer-,数字，-al,形容词后缀。
US ['nu:-] noun countable
■a symbol that represents a number 数字
n. [计] [数] 数字
 - figure, digital, number
adj. [计] [数] 数字的；表示数字的
 - digital

Word: omelette
Front: omelette
['ɒmlət] (高 22503/15720 -1)
Back: n. 煎蛋卷，摊鸡蛋，鸡蛋饼（常加入奶酪、肉和蔬菜等）
分布：煎蛋(100%)
→来自法语omelette,置换自alemette,来自alemele,煎蛋卷，来自拉丁语lamella,薄片，薄板，词源同laminate.
US ['ɑ:.mə.lət] noun countable
 ADVANCED
■a savoury dish made by mixing together the yellow and transparent parts of an egg and frying it, often with small pieces of other food 煎鸡蛋，煎蛋饼，摊鸡蛋
• a cheese/mushroom omelette 起司／蘑菇煎蛋饼
(US also omelet) UK ['ɒm.lət] US ['ɑ:.mə.lət] noun countable
You can't make an omelette without breaking eggs. saying
■said about a situation in which it is hard to achieve something important without causing unpleasant effects 不打破鸡蛋就摊不成蛋饼；有失才有得
n. 煎蛋卷
 - western omelet

Word: obliteration
Front: obliteration
[əˌblɪtə'reɪʃn] (24669/33282)
Vocabulary: obliteration
(once / 13003 pages)
n
Obliteration is the total destruction of something, so that nothing remains of it. Holding a lit match up to a balloon might cause its obliteration.
The noun obliteration can describe a literal destruction, like an explosion or terrible fire, but it's also frequently used to mean a more figurative kind of eradication. You might, for example, hear people on the news talk about the obliteration of democracy in a country, or the obliteration of a politician's candidacy after a scandal is revealed. The word comes from the Latin obliterare, "cause to disappear, blot out, or erase."
WORD FAMILY
obliteration: obliterations+/ obliterate: obliterable, obliterated, obliterates, obliterating, obliteratingly, obliteration, obliterator
USAGE EXAMPLES
Fisher led the Rams to five losing seasons, culminating in Sunday’s embarrassing 42-14 obliteration by the Atlanta Falcons.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 13, 2016)
I recognize that I’ve been conditioned by seeing a lifetime of movies a certain way, but this isn’t an enhancement, it’s an obliteration.
The Guardian(Nov 11, 2016)
The near-total obliteration of an entire species of albatross is a real possibility.
BBC(Oct 23, 2016)
Back: n. 涂去，删除; 管腔闭合
分布：删除(44%)，涂去(42%)，抹消(14%)
删除;灭迹(obliterate+ion)[liter=letter,表示"文字,字母"]
n. [医] 闭塞；涂去，删除；消灭
 - occlusion, cancellation

Word: odysseus
Front: odysseus
[əˈdisju:s] (-/36667)
Back: n. 奥德修斯（古希腊荷马所作史诗<奥德赛>中的主人公，伊塞卡国王，在特洛伊战中献木马计）
分布：伊塞卡国王(34%)，奥德修斯(古希腊荷马所作史诗《奥德赛》中的主人公(33%)，在特洛伊战中献木马计)(33%)

Word: parmesan

Word: orpheus
Front: orpheus
[ˈɔ:fju:s] (-/17399)
Back: n. <希神>俄耳甫斯（歌手，善弹竖琴）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: pegasus
Front: pegasus
[ˈpeɡəsəs] (-/16956)
Back: n. 有翼的马; 神马; 飞马; 诗兴
分布：飞马座(75%)，诗兴(25%)

Word: oratorical
Front: oratorical
[ˌɒrəˈtɒrɪkl] (30841/40493)
Back: adj. 演说的，雄辩的
分布：演说的(40%)，雄辩的(32%)，演说家的(28%)
→来自orator,演说家。
adj. 演说的；演说家的；雄辩的
 - speaking, eloquent

Word: oration
Front: oration
[ɔ:ˈreɪʃn] (托宝 22627/34161)
Vocabulary: oration
(once / 1290 pages)
n
An oration is a formal speech given in public. You might give the oration at the big party celebrating your grandparents’ 50th anniversary.
If you’re giving an oration, make sure you show up prepared. An oration is a speech that’s planned in advance rather than made up on the spot. It usually has a formal tone and is presented at a ceremony of some kind. You probably remember nervously sitting through an oration at your graduation ceremony, or you may have listened to a funeral oration celebrating the life of a famous person.
WORD FAMILY
oration: orations+/ orate: orated, orates, orating, oration, orator, oratory / orator: orators/oratorical: oratorically/ oratory: oratorical, oratories
USAGE EXAMPLES
It may have been several years since Castro’s thunderous, marathon orations, but Cuba will still feel strangely quiet without him.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
Tellingly, none of the orations in “Presidential Suite” can be traced to the campaign trail.
New York Times(Nov 02, 2016)
Given West’s penchant for onstage oration, such a schedule can wreak havoc on vocal cords.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: n. （正式仪式中的）演说，演讲
分布：演说(64%)，致辞(23%)，叙述法(13%)
→来自拉丁语orare,演讲，常说，词源同oral,orator.
演说,演讲(orat+ion)[ora,orat=mouth,表示"嘴,说"]
US [ɔ:r'eɪ-] formal
noun countable
■a formal public speech about a serious subject （正式场合中就严肃话题的）致词，演说，演讲
lecture, speech, oration, address, report, talk
这组词都有“演讲，讲话，报告”的意思，其区别是：
lecture: 侧重带学术性的演讲。
speech: 普通用词，指一般的发言或讲话，可以是事先准备的，也可以是即席的。
oration: 常指在特殊场合，辞藻华丽，形式庄重，旨在激发听众感情的正式演说。
address: 正式用词，指在庄严隆重的场合作精心准备的演讲或正式演说。
report: 一般是指下级给上级或负责人给委托机关的书面或口头报告。
talk: 常用词，强调非正式讲话，讲话方式一般较为自由。
n. 演说；致辞；叙述法
 - speech, address

Word: pharmacology
Front: pharmacology
[ˌfɑ:məˈkɒlədʒi] (宝 23200/26031)
Back: n. 药理学，药物学
分布：药理学(84%)，药物学(16%)
→来自pharmacy,制药，-logy,学说。
US [ˌfɑ:r.mə'kɑ:.lə-] noun uncountable
■the study of medicines and drugs, including their action, their use and their effects on the body 药理学，药物学
n. [药] 药物学，药理学
 - psychopharmacology

Word: pornographer
Front: pornographer
[pɔ:ˈnɒgrəfə(r)] (23981/37319)
Back: n. 色情作品作者（发行人或出售商）
分布：春画画家(60%)，色情小说作家(40%)
US [pɔ:r'nɑ:.grə.fɚ] disapproving
noun countable
■a person who makes or sells pornography 制作（或销售）色情作品的人

Word: preconception
Front: preconception
[ˌpri:kənˈsepʃn] (18558/15130 -1)
Back: n. 偏见; 预想，预见; 事先形成的观点或思想; 先入之见
分布：偏见(38%)，先入之见(33%)，预想(29%)
→pre-,在前，早于，预先，conception,概念。
[ˌpri:.kən'sep.ʃən] mainly disapproving
noun countable
■an idea or opinion formed before enough information is available to form it correctly 事先构成的想法，先入之见，成见
• Try to go into the meeting without too many preconceptions about what the other group want. 与会前尽量不要对另一方的想法抱太多先入之见。
n. 偏见；先入之见；预想
 - forecast, bias

Word: phonetic
Front: phonetic
[fəˈnetɪk] (雅宝 24020/13135)
Vocabulary: phonetic
(once / 4866 pages)
adj
Phonetic describes the way that spoken words sound. To sound out an unfamiliar word, you break it into its phonetic parts, saying each in the order in which it appears.
When you use the word phonetic, you're talking about pronunciation, or the way language sounds. When you learn how to speak Chinese, for example, you're often taught both traditional Chinese characters and a phonetic alphabet, which helps people learn to correctly pronounce Chinese words. The Greek word for sound or voice is phone, and it's the root of phonetic, which was first used in the early 1800s.
WORD FAMILY
phonetic: phonetically, phonetics +/phonate: phonated, phonates, phonating, phonation/phonation: phonations/phone: interphone, phonate, phoned, phoner, phones, phonetic, phonic, phoning/phoner: phoners/phonetician: phoneticians/ phonetics: phonetician
USAGE EXAMPLES
Here are words frequently used in real estate and architecture, along with their approximate phonetic pronunciations.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 23, 2016)
This was a world of disguises, after all, where a single phonetic gaffe or misplaced idiom could get an operative killed.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Blodgett found that language innovators have tried to address the issue, notably Noah Webster and Ben Franklin, but somehow their phonetic spelling simplications never took.
Washington Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 语音的; 语音学的; 音形一致的; 表示语音的
分布：语音的(61%)，语音学的(39%)
→phono-,声音，语音，-etic,形容词后缀。
US [foʊ'netˌ-] specialized
adjective
 ADVANCED
■using special signs to represent the different sounds made by the voice in speech 语音的
• Pronunciations are shown in this dictionary using the International Phonetic Alphabet. 这本词典使用国际音标标注读音。
 ADVANCED
■A spelling system can be described as phonetic if you can understand how words are pronounced simply by looking at their spelling. （拼写系统）表音的，与发音近似的，拼音的
adj. 语音的，语音学的；音形一致的；发音有细微区别的
 - etic

Word: psychoactive
Front: psychoactive
[ˌsaɪkəʊˈæktɪv] (28113/-)
Back: adj. 影响心灵的
分布：作用于精神的(100%)
→psycho-,精神，心理，active,积极的，起作用的。

Word: presentational
Front: presentational
[ˌpreznˈteɪʃənl] (38040/26247)
Back: adj. 表象的，直觉的
adj. 表象的；演出的；上演的；直觉的
 - intuitive, instinctive

Word: prizewinner

Word: puerile
Front: puerile
[ˈpjʊəraɪl] (宝 36021/39678)
Vocabulary: puerile
(once / 3901 pages)
adj
Some people like their movies to have sophisticated humor and others prefer the more puerile humor of pratfalls or jokes about smelly underwear, inappropriate belching, and passing gas.
Although the adjective, puerile can be used to describe anything related to childhood, more often than not, it is used in a derisive manner to comment on the immaturity, silliness, or juvenile nature of something or someone. So if you hear someone talk about puerile toys, they may merely be remarking on the toys of childhood, but it is more likely they are discussing whoopee cushions, fake dog poo, and the like.
WORD FAMILY
puerile: puerilely, puerility+/puerility: puerilities
USAGE EXAMPLES
These are just a few examples of the puerile, crude and vicious personal attacks deployed by Donald Trump against his Republican rivals.
Salon(Dec 28, 2016)
Mr Watson said the unpaid volunteer's actions were "racist and puerile".
BBC(Dec 20, 2016)
It’s not just the puerile description, but the fact that there is no sign anywhere in his homes or offices that books even exist.
Salon(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: adj. <贬>幼稚的，孩子气的，愚蠢的
adv. <贬>幼稚地，孩子气地
分布：孩子气的(50%)，未成熟的(25%)，青春期的(25%)
→来自拉丁语puer,小孩，儿童，来自pau,小的，词源同few,pupil.
孩子气的,幼稚的[puer=boy(男孩)]
【记】puer＝boy男孩，ile－男孩的－幼稚的puer＝pure（adj 纯的），ile：纯洁的是小孩，小孩是幼稚的。
【反】sagacious（adj 精明敏锐的）；mature（adj 成熟的）
US ['pjʊr.ɪl] disapproving
adjective
■behaving in a silly way, not like an adult 幼稚的，傻气的
• I find his sense of humour rather puerile. 我发现他的幽默感相当幼稚。
adj. 幼稚的；孩子气的；未成熟的；天真的
 - simple, tender, childish

Word: projet

Word: putter
Front: putter
[ˈpʌtə(r)] (14889/17627 -1)
Vocabulary: putter
(once / 5913 pages)
1n 2v
A golfer who hits the ball very gently close to the hole is a putter. The club used to do this is also a putter. But to putter is to poke around aimlessly, maybe watch a little golf on TV.
In golf, the putter is the club with the flat face, and sometimes with a slightly bent shaft. When you hit the ball with a putter, you putt. If you putter, it's something completely different — it means you make yourself busy without accomplishing anything huge. You might putter around the house on Saturday afternoon, filling the dishwasher and flipping through a magazine, for example. The golfing meaning comes from a Scottish word for "push or shove."
WORD FAMILY
putter: puttered, putterer, puttering, putters+/ putt: putted, putter, putting, putts/putterer: putterers/putting: puttings
USAGE EXAMPLES
First, using the football as a putter, Harris mimicked stroking a putt.
Golf Digest(Dec 26, 2016)
He puttered about in the castle he owned outside of London.
The New Yorker(Dec 21, 2016)
Pass on actually hitting a shot, unless it’s a putter.
Golf Digest(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. 置放者; 推棒
v. 闲荡，行为懒散，混过
时态：puttered, puttering, putters
分布：闲逛(54%)，轻击者(35%)，慢条斯理地工作(11%)
→来自putt,轻推，轻击，-er,表反复。引申词漫步，闲逛。
US ['pʌtˌ.ɚ] verb
RELAX 放松
intransitive usually + adverb or preposition US (UK potter)
■to move about without hurrying and in a relaxed and pleasant way 闲荡，闲逛
• He really enjoys puttering around in the garden. 他非常喜欢在花园里四处闲逛。
UK ['pʌt.ər] US ['pʌtˌ.ɚ] verb
MAKE NOISE 发出噪音
intransitive
■If a machine putters, it makes a low sound repeatedly, showing that it is working slowly. （机器慢速运转时）噗噗作响
UK ['pʌt.ər] US ['pʌtˌ.ɚ] noun
GOLF 高尔夫球
countable
■a golf club (= stick for hitting a golf ball) with a short handle and metal end which is specially designed for putting （高尔夫）轻击（球）棒
countable
■someone who putts （高尔夫）轻击者
• He's a good putter. 他是一名优秀的轻击手。
UK ['pʌt.ər] US ['pʌtˌ.ɚ] noun
RELAXED 轻松的
only singular US (UK potter)
■a slow, relaxed walk around a place 闲荡，闲逛

Word: recidivist
Front: recidivist
[rɪˈsɪdɪvɪst] (33041/49083)
Vocabulary: recidivist
(once / 109439 pages)
n
Use the noun recidivist to describe someone who can't stop committing crimes — for example, a repeat shoplifter is a recidivist
If you've got serious backsliding tendencies, this could be your next step: recidivist is tech-talk for "repeat offender." A recidivist is basically someone who can't help lapsing into previous bad behavior patterns, usually of the criminal kind. An inmate who is released from prison and immediately steals a car can be described as a recidivist.
WORD FAMILY
recidivist: recidivists+/ recidivism: recidivist
USAGE EXAMPLES
It also doesn’t deem people recidivists unless their new crime is a felony and they got more than a year to serve.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
From 1833, the most vicious criminal recidivists were transported to Port Arthur from Britain.
The Guardian(Oct 28, 2016)
About one third of all men and women behind bars are recidivists who never made it through parole or probation, according to the White House.
Washington Times(Sep 24, 2016)
Back: n. 惯犯，累犯
分布：累犯(79%)，累犯的(21%)
→re-,向后，往回，-cid,掉落，词源同 case,deciduous.引申词义惯犯。
[rɪ'sɪd.ɪ.vɪst] specialized
noun countable
■a criminal who continues to commit crimes even after they have been punished 累犯；惯犯
n. 惯犯
 - habitual criminal, rounder

Word: reelect
Vocabulary: reelect
(once / 2920 pages)
v
To reelect someone is to choose them again for some public office. If enough of your neighbors cast their votes for you to continue being the town dogcatcher, they'll reelect you.
After a U.S. president has served for one four-year term, she can run again. If the voters reelect her, she'll be president for four more years. Whenever citizens vote to choose an incumbent (a current political office holder), they reelect that person to continue doing his or her job. Reelect comes from the "again" or "back" prefix re- and elect, from the Latin root eligere, "to pick out or choose."
WORD FAMILY
reelect: reelected, reelecting, reelection, reelects+/ elect: elected, electing, election, elective, electly, elector, electorate, elects, reelect /elected: nonelected/ election: electioneer, elections, electoral /electioneer: electioneered, electioneering, electioneers/electioneering: electioneerings/ elective: electively, electives, non-elective, nonelective/elector: electors/ electoral: electorally/ electorate: electorates/reelection: reelections
USAGE EXAMPLES
They reelected Nancy Pelosi as the leader of their party in the House of Representatives.
The Guardian(Dec 16, 2016)
A judge overturned the conviction, and she was reelected to her fourth term as chief minister in May of this year.
Washington Post(Dec 05, 2016)
Pelosi was just reelected to her eighth term — 16 years! — as the party’s leader in the House.
Washington Post(Dec 04, 2016)

Word: rabies
Front: rabies
[ˈreɪbi:z] (宝 18463/26351 -1)
Vocabulary: rabies
(once / 12325 pages)
n
Rabies is a deadly disease that can be spread between mammals through saliva, usually when one animal is bit by another. If you run into a raccoon foaming at the mouth, don't pet him; he may have rabies.
Most dog and cat owners are familiar with rabies, because it's an illness they regularly have their pets vaccinated against. An unvaccinated pet that's bit by an animal with rabies almost always dies — and this is also true for humans who contract rabies and aren't treated. In Latin, rabies means "madness," and this accurately describes some of the symptoms of this terrible disease.
WORD FAMILY
rabies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Doctors Without Borders used to provide rabies vaccines, but that stopped because of the blockade.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
The horse also was euthanized after authorities said it lacked a rabies vaccine history.
Washington Times(Dec 22, 2016)
State law required that the mother bear’s brain be tested for rabies after she mauled runner Karen Williams.
Washington Times(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: n. [医]狂犬病; 恐水病
分布：狂犬病(100%)
→来自拉丁语 rabies,发狂，发疯，来自拉丁语 rabere,发狂的，词源同 rage.后用于指狂犬病， 因狂犬病患者极端畏水，也称为 hydrophobia.
['reɪ.bi:z] (specialized hydrophobia)
noun uncountable
■a fatal disease of the nervous system of dogs and other animals, which can also cause death in humans who are bitten by an animal with this disease 狂犬病
• Dogs, cats, foxes and bats can all carry rabies. 狗、猫、狐狸和蝙蝠都会传播狂犬病。
n. [内科] 狂犬病，恐水病
 - hydrophobia, canine madness

Word: raindrop
Front: raindrop
[ˈreɪndrɒp] (16687/22757)
Back: n. 雨点，雨滴
分布：雨滴(72%)，雨点(28%)
US [-drɑ:p] noun countable
■a single drop of rain 雨滴；雨点
n. [气象] 雨滴；雨点
 - drip-drop

Word: roble

Word: stillness
Front: stillness
[ˈstɪlnəs] (六 11128/10585)
Back: n. 静止; 不动; 沉静; 镇定自若
分布：静止(69%)，沉静(31%)
→still,静止的，安静的，-ness,名词后缀。
n. 静止；沉静
 - rest, quiescency

Word: sulu

Word: subsidence
Front: subsidence
[səbˈsaɪdns] (28965/13133)
Back: n. 沉淀，陷没，下沉; 沉淀物
分布：下沉(80%)，沉淀(11%)，陷没(9%)
→subside,沉降，下陷，-ence,名词后缀。
noun uncountable
■when land or buildings sink to a lower level （地面或建筑物的）下沉，下陷
• The building had to be demolished because of subsidence. 这栋大楼因为下陷，必须拆除。
n. 下沉； [化学] 沉淀；陷没
 - precipitation, sedimentation

Word: suffragette
Front: suffragette
[ˌsʌfrəˈdʒet] (32236/23705)
Back: n. 妇女参政权论者
分布：妇女参政权论者(100%)
→来自 suffrage,投票，投票权，-ette,表阴性。字面意思即女性投票者，用于指 20 世纪初争取 妇女获得投票权运动的人。
noun countable
■a woman in Britain, Australia and the United States in the early 20th century who was a member of a group that demanded the right of women to vote and that increased knowledge of the subject with a series of public protests （20世纪初英国、澳大利亚和美国）为女性争取选举权团体的成员

Word: succulent
Front: succulent
[ˈsʌkjələnt] (16797/19331 -1)
Vocabulary: succulent
(once / 4594 pages)
adjn
Succulent means "juicy" and is often used to describe food. Think a succulent piece of meat, or berries so succulent you’re left sucking juice off your fingertips when you eat them.
You can think of the word suck as hiding inside succulent––an orange you could pierce with a straw and suck the juice out of is succulent indeed. Or remember Desert Survival 101––find a cactus, an aloe, or another of the water-retaining plants known as succulents and drink from them.
WORD FAMILY
succulent: succulence, succulency, succulently, succulents+/succulence: succulences
USAGE EXAMPLES
The tiny pink shrimp were succulent and plump, bursting with brininess.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
This dish does exactly what it’s designed to do: Turn a tough, unattractive cut into a succulent steak.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
By itself, the roast chicken, crisp of skin and succulent throughout, would get me back.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 多汁的，多水分的，多汁性的; （植物）茎叶肥厚含水分多的，肉质的; 极有兴趣的，津津有味的，有活力的
n. 肉质植物; 多汁植物
分布：多汁的(43%)，肉质植物(35%)，肉质的(17%)，有趣味的(5%)
→来自拉丁语 succus,汁液，来自 sug,吸，来自 seue,汁液，液体，词源同 suck,soak,soup. 即多汁的，引申词义肉质的，后用于生物学类属指肉质植物。
多汁的[succ=juice(果汁)]
【记】succ＝suck（v 吸吮），ulent－因为多汁的，才能吸吮。
【参】suckle（v 哺乳；吮吸）
adjective approving
■Succulent food is pleasantly juicy 多汁的
• a succulent peach. 多汁的桃子
• a big piece of succulent steak 一大块鲜美多汁的牛排
['sʌk.jʊ.lənt] noun countable specialized
■a plant such as a cactus in which the leaves and stem are thick and can store a lot of water 肉质植物（如仙人掌）
• Succulents often have thick waxy cuticles to minimize water loss. 肉质植物通常有很厚的蜡质角质层，以使水分流失降到最低。
adj. 多汁的；多水分的；多汁性的
 - juicy

Word: swinger
Front: swinger
[ˈswɪŋə(r)] (27142/34401)
Back: n. 摆动（或挥动）的人，赶时髦的人
分布：赶时髦的人(100%)
→来自古义 swing,摆动，交换，-er,人。
US [-ɚ] old-fashioned slang
noun countable
■a person who dresses in a fashionable way and who goes to a lot of parties and nightclubs , or someone who is willing to have sex often with many different people 时髦的人，放荡的人；性滥交的人
n. 摆动的人；赶时髦的人；乱搞男女关系的人；巨大的事物
 - fashionmonger

Word: tribespeople
Front: tribespeople
[ˈtraɪbzpi:pl] (-/49029)
Back: n. 部落（或宗族等）成员
plural noun
■people who belong to a tribe 部落成员；部族成员

Word: typecast
Front: typecast
[ˈtaɪpkɑ:st] (27045/36546)
Back: vt. 配合其型而决定角色，使模式化
时态：typecast, typecasting, typecasts
分布：使不断扮演同一角色(100%)
→type,类型，cast,演员分配。
US [-kæst] (typecast, typecast)
verb transitive
■to always give an actor the same type of character to play, usually because he or she is physically suited to that type of part 总让（演员）演同一类型的角色
• She soon found herself typecast as a dizzy blonde. 她很快发现自己总被分派去演傻乎乎的金发女郎。
vt. 浇铸；使（演员）一再演出同类的角色
 - mould, cast

Word: topology
Front: topology
[tə'pɒlədʒɪ] (24196/29554)
Back: n. 地质学; 拓扑结构; 局部解剖学
分布：拓扑(92%)，拓扑学(5%)，布局(2%)，地志学(1%)
n. 拓扑学；地志学；局部解剖学
 - analysis situs, regional anatomy

Word: turd
Front: turd
[tɜ:d] (23508/23948)
Back: n. 粪，可鄙的人
分布：粪(78%)，无耻卑鄙的人(22%)
→来自古英语 tord,粪便，污秽，来自 Proto-Germanic*turda,泥土，粪肥，来自 der,分开， 撕开，词源同 tear,tier.词义演变比较 shit,来自 skei,分开，词源同 science,shed.
US [tɝ:d] offensive
noun countable
■a piece of solid waste 粪块，粪团，大便
• dog turds on the pavement 马路上的狗屎
■a rude word for someone who you think is unpleasant 混蛋，人渣；卑鄙的人
• I'm not doing business with that little turd. 我才不跟那个人渣做生意呢。
n. 粪，粪便；可鄙的人
 - excrement, night soil

Word: annotation
Front: annotation
[ˌænə'teɪʃn] (22939/24463)
Vocabulary: annotation
(once / 6257 pages)
n
Annotations are simply notes or comments. If you have trouble understanding Shakespeare, you may want to buy a copy of "Hamlet" with annotations on each page that explain all the vocabulary words and major themes.
The word annotation comes from the Latin root words ad, meaning "to," and notare, meaning "to note." The act of adding explanatory notes to something is also called annotation, as in "Your friends might be amused by your annotation of the text, but I don't think the professor will accept "No one knows and no one cares!" as a reason for why the protagonist acted the way he did."
WORD FAMILY
annotation: annotations+/ annotate: annotated, annotates, annotating, annotation, annotator/annotator: annotators
USAGE EXAMPLES
Their erudite annotations are included at right—just a taste of what their books offer the would-be oyster aficionado.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 28, 2016)
The annotations also seem to reveal some soul-searching.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
The transcripts include annotation by Patrick Healy, deputy Culture editor.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 注释
分布：注解(92%)，评注(8%)
注解(annotate+ion)[Not=know,表示"知道,注意"]
n. [计] 注释；注解；释文
 - commentary, exegesis

Word: anopheles
Front: anopheles
[ə'nɒfəˌlɪz] None
Back: n. （传布疟疾寄生虫的）按蚊
分布：疟蚊(100%)
US [-'nɑ:.fə-] (plural anopheles) specialized
noun countable
■a type of mosquito (= small flying insect) especially one which spreads malaria to humans （尤指传播疟疾的）疟蚊；按蚊
n. 疟蚊
 - malaria mosquito

Word: anchovy
Front: anchovy
[ˈæntʃəvi] (15854/25653 -1)
Vocabulary: anchovy
(once / 5447 pages)
n
An anchovy is a very small, silvery fish. People who eat anchovies enjoy their strong, fishy flavor.
While you can buy fresh anchovies from many fish markets, they're most commonly sold packed in small tins, covered in salt and oil. Fishermen often use anchovies as bait for larger fish as well. Even people who don't think they like anchovies are sometimes familiar with the taste, as they're used in Caesar salad dressing and Worcestershire sauce. Anchovy comes from the Portuguese anchova, possibly from the Latin apua, "small fish."
WORD FAMILY
anchovy: anchovies
USAGE EXAMPLES
We feasted: beer, wine, Prosecco and mountains of lobster, shrimp, sardines, and anchovies, a local specialty.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 29, 2016)
Traditionally, a bit of mace, a hint of pepper and a trace of anchovy suffice.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Roasted broccoli wears a garlic and anchovy bagna cauda sauce musky with Indonesian long pepper.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: n. 凤尾鱼; 鳀鱼
分布：凤尾鱼(100%)
→词源不详。
US ['æn.tʃoʊ-] (plural anchovies)
noun countable or uncountable
■a small fish with a strong salty taste 鳀（一种小咸鱼）
• Decorate the top of the pizza with anchovies/strips of anchovy 在披萨上放些鳀鱼／鳀鱼条作点缀。

Word: archibald

Word: audiotape
Front: audiotape
['ɔ:dɪəʊˌteɪp] (14721/-)
Back: n. 录音磁带
vt. 录音
分布：录音(69%)，录音磁带(31%)
N-UNCOUNT
录音磁带
Audiotape is magnetic tape which is used to record sound.
N-COUNT
录了音的磁带
An audiotape is a recording of speech, music, or other sounds on magnetic tape.
VERB
用磁带给…录音
If you audiotape speech, music, or other sounds, you record them on magnetic tape.
例：We always audiotape these interviews.我们总是对这些采访进行磁带录音。
例：...an audiotaped recording of family members' discussions.家庭成员讨论的磁带录音
n. 录音带
 - tapes, audio cassette, recorder strip

Word: circa
Front: circa
[ˈsɜ:kə] (-/15903 -1)
Back: prep. 大约于
adv. 大约; 近似
分布：大约(100%)
→来自拉丁语circa,大约，词源同circle.
US ['sɝ:-] (written abbreviation c) (ca) formal
preposition
■(used especially with years) approximately （尤用于年份前）大约
• He was born circa 1600. 他生于约1600年。
adv. 大约
 - around, approximately, something

Word: chevalier
Front: chevalier
[ˌʃevə'lɪə] (-/26251)
Back: n. 骑士，爵士，武士的随从
分布：骑士(61%)，爵士(13%)，法国贵族的见习军官(13%)，侠士(13%)
n. 骑士；武士
 - knight, Cavs

Word: chromatography
Front: chromatography
[ˌkrəʊməˈtɒgrəfi] (30655/17934)
Back: n. 套色版; 层析法
分布：色谱法(87%)，层析法(13%)
→chromato, 颜色，同chroma，色度。graph, 图表。
US [ˌkroʊ.mə'tɑ:.grə-] noun uncountable specialized
■a scientific method of finding what separate substances are in a mixture by making it flow, as a liquid or gas, through a material such as paper which different substances pass through at different speeds 层析法，色层分析法（一种识别混合物中所含成分的科学方法，原理是让液态或气态混合物流过某一物料（如纸张），当中的不同成分会以不同速度流过该物料）

Word: clincher
Front: clincher
[ˈklɪntʃə(r)] (23989/37144)
Back: n. 敲弯钉头的工具，紧钳，夹子
分布：关键(46%)，夹子(27%)，紧钳(18%)，定论(9%)
→来自clinch,解决。
US [-tʃɚ] noun countable usually singular
■something which helps someone make a decision 帮助某人作出决定的事物
• It was the offer of a large discount on the TV that was the real clincher. 非常优惠的折扣价格最终使我们决定买这台电视机。

Word: comely
Front: comely
[ˈkʌmli] (宝 24705/25290)
Vocabulary: comely
(once / 1090 pages)
adj
Comely means attractive or appropriate. A comely girl is pretty. A comely hairstyle is flattering. If your manners are comely, it means you know the right way to act to put people at their ease.
Comely is related to the word becoming, in the sense of something's being attractive and appropriate––you're comely wearing that becoming blouse, the way she told the story was becoming to a comely young lady. Comely is the opposite of the similar-looking homely, which means plain-looking, almost ugly.
WORD FAMILY
comely: comelier, comeliest, comelily, comeliness, uncomely+/comeliness: comelinesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I would recommend not using your hands,” said one comely female platter, covered in raw sliced root vegetables.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
That is, of course, until she meets Xavier and falls under the sway of his half-opened plaid shirts and comely thatch of chest hair.
The Guardian(Oct 04, 2016)
They clog the roadway and block views — but not so much when proceeding clockwise, with comely Kenmare in our rear-view.
Washington Post(Sep 01, 2016)
Back: adj. <文>英俊的，好看的
级别：comelier, comeliest
分布：清秀的(51%)，美丽的(37%)，合适的(12%)
→可能来自becoming, 得体的，适宜的。
美丽动人的(come来...翩翩而来...美丽动人的)[-ly 1.表形容词,通常加在名词后2.表副词,通常放在形容词后]
【记】come来。见到漂亮姑娘都希望她能过来。
['kʌm.li] old-fashioned or literary
adjective
■describes a woman who is attractive in appearance （女子）秀丽的，清秀的，标致的

Word: collusive
Front: collusive
[kə'lu:sɪv] (37146/29041)
Back: adj. 共谋的
分布：勾结的(45%)，共谋的(44%)，串通的(11%)

Word: cockerel
Front: cockerel
[ˈkɒkərəl] (40443/21698)
Back: n. 小公鸡，好斗的年轻人
分布：小公鸡(74%)，好斗的年轻人(26%)
US ['kɑ:.kɚ-] noun countable
■a young male chicken 小公鸡

Word: commissar
Front: commissar
[ˌkɒmɪˈsɑ:(r)] (26947/33904)
Back: n. <史>人民委员（前苏联政府部长）
分布：政治委员(50%)，人民委员(50%)
→com-, 强调。-miss, 派遣，词源同mission.用于俄语，即派到军队的政治人员，思想指导员。
US ['kɑ:.mɪ.sɑ:r/ UK [ˌ--'-] noun countable
■(in the Soviet Union until 1946) the official title of the head of a government department, or an official responsible for political education, especially in a military group （1946年以前苏联政府部门的）人民委员；（尤指军队中的）政治委员
n. 政委；委员；代表；苏俄人民委员
 - representation, deputy, ambassador

Word: commandant
Front: commandant
[ˈkɒməndænt] (19484/22349 -1)
Vocabulary: commandant
(once / 839 pages)
n
One name for a commanding military officer is a commandant. In the US, a commandant is typically in charge of a military school or training facility.
Many English-speaking militaries use the word commandant in various ways — in Ireland, for example, a commandant in the Army is the same as a major. The senior officer at a military college in New Zealand is also a commandant. In the US, commandant isn't a rank, like private or general, but an appointed position. In French, commandant means "the one commanding," from the verb commander, "to order."
WORD FAMILY
commandant: commandants+/ command: commandant, commanded, commander, commanding, commandment, commands, self-command/ commander: commanders, commandership, commandery/commandership: commanderships/commandery: commanderies/ commanding: commandingly/commandment: commandments
USAGE EXAMPLES
Now McIntire is the commandant, and he would like to reinstate that program if the budget permits.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
He was considered a leading contender to become commandant of the Marine Corps in 2010 but was bypassed in favor of Gen. James F. Amos.
Washington Post(Dec 01, 2016)
Gen. Scales retired from active duty in 2000 as commandant of the Army War College.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: n. 司令官; 指挥官; 〈美〉（陆军军官学校的）校长
分布：司令官(48%)，指挥官(41%)，军校校长(11%)
US ['kɑ:-] noun countable
■an officer who is in charge of a military organization or building, such as a prison for soldiers used during a war 指挥官，司令官
n. 司令官，指挥官；军事学校的校长
 - sardar, comandante

Word: commonality
Front: commonality
['kɒmənəltɪ] (14421/26360)
Back: n. 公共，平民
分布：共性(61%)，公共(34%)，老百姓(5%)
N-VAR
共同特征;共性
Commonality is used to refer to a feature or purpose that is shared by two or more people or things.
例：We don't have the same commonality of interest...我们没有共同的兴趣。
例：There are an amazing number of commonalities between systems.体制之间有着多得惊人的共性。
n. 公共；共性；平民
 - populace, common character

Word: revanchism

Word: reliquary
Front: reliquary
[ˈrelɪkwəri] (22713/27085)
Back: n. 圣骨匣; 遗骨匣; 圣物箱; 遗物箱
分布：圣物箱(48%)，圣骨匣(28%)，遗骨匣(24%)
→来自古法语 relique,遗留物，词源同 relic,relinquish.特用于指存放圣人遗物的容器。

Word: ricochet
Front: ricochet
[ˈrɪkəʃeɪ] (17929/32764)
Vocabulary: ricochet
(once / 8074 pages)
vn
A projectile that bounces off another surface is said to ricochet. You missed when you threw your crumpled paper at the wastepaper basket. Instead, the paper ricocheted off the wall and hit your brother on the head. The battle was on!
As a noun, ricochet refers to the rebound or to the object that ricochets. If someone shoots a bullet and it ricochets off a tree, you can survive the initial gunfire only to be caught by the ricochet. The word ricochet is from the French word of the same spelling. Because of its French origin, the word is still pronounced with the soft French "shay" sound at the end — not a hard "T."
WORD FAMILY
ricochet: ricocheted, ricocheting, ricochets, ricochetted, ricochetting
USAGE EXAMPLES
The sound of the hammer punching through steel ricocheted down the hallway like gunshots.
The New Yorker(Dec 22, 2016)
The announcement confirms a report first published by Page Six of The New York Post early this week, which quickly ricocheted around the internet.
New York Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Once the news ricocheted around town, revelers hurried home, glued to their mobile phones, amid the sound of sirens.
New York Times(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: n. （尤指炮弹、子弹接触水面、地面后的）跳飞; 弹跳; 漂飞; 被跳弹击中
vi. 反弹，跳飞
时态：ricocheted, ricochetting, ricochets
分布：跳飞(62%)，弹飞(17%)，弹回(13%)，跳射(8%)
→来自法语 ricochet,打水漂，水面溜石子，词源不详。后用于军事俚语指枪弹弹片反弹误伤， 后词义通用化。
verb intransitive
■If a ball or bullet ricochets, it hits a surface and moves away from it at an angle （球或子弹击中物体表面后）跳飞，弹回，反弹
• The ball ricocheted off the goalkeeper and into the net. 球打在守门员身上弹进了网。

Word: ritzy
Front: ritzy
[ˈrɪtsi] (24613/34405)
Vocabulary: ritzy
(once / 63889 pages)
adj
Something ritzy is expensive and fancy, like a ritzy hotel room decorated with heavy brocade curtains and plush velvet cushions.
If you're every invited to a ritzy party, you'll want to dress up in your most luxurious clothes and prepare to enjoy delicious food and opulent decor. The informal adjective ritzy implies luxury that's a little over the top. It was coined around 1910, inspired by the famously elegant Ritz Hotels that César Ritz opened starting internationally in the late 19th century.
WORD FAMILY
ritzy: ritzier, ritziest, ritzily+/ritz: ritzy
USAGE EXAMPLES
They range from ritzy seafood spots to humble food trucks.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
After school, he would often cycle into Manhattan to enjoy Central Park and Midtown’s ritzier precincts.
New York Times(Nov 04, 2016)
Still, the biggest concentration of million-dollar houses remains in ritzy areas like Mercer Island, West Bellevue and the Seattle waterfront.
Seattle Times(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 豪华的，时髦的，讲究的
级别：ritzier, ritziest
分布：豪华的(54%)，时髦的(32%)，高雅的(14%)
→来自 Ritz,里兹大酒店。
['rɪt.si] old-fashioned informal
adjective
■expensive and fashionable 豪华的；阔气的；时髦的
• That's a ritzy dress. 那可是件很时髦的裙子。
adj. 豪华的；最高级的；傲慢的
 - grand, summit

Word: rightness
Front: rightness
[raɪtnəs] (21900/20169)
Back: n. 公正; 廉正; 正确; 适当
分布：正确性(80%)，正义性(20%)
noun uncountable
■the state of being morally or legally correct 正义；合法；公正
• He is convinced of the rightness of his actions. 他坚信自己的行动是正义的。
n. 公正；正直；廉正；贴切
 - equity, integrity, honesty

Word: sanctum
Front: sanctum
[ˈsæŋktəm] (20850/22896)
Back: n. （寺庙或教堂的）圣所; <口>私室
分布：密室(38%)，圣所(31%)，私室(31%)
→sanct-,神圣的，-um,表地方。即圣所，引申词义私室，密室。
noun formal
inner sanctum
■a private place or room where someone is never interrupted 密室，私室
countable
■a holy place 圣所
n. 圣所；密室；私室
 - holy place, adytum

Word: sammy
Front: sammy
[ˈsæmi] (-/13085)
Back: v. 制革时用冷水将皮弄湿，均湿，回潮
分布：美国兵(100%)
n. 萨米（女子名）；美国兵；傻瓜；塞米（男子名）
 - sami, stupid

Word: saxophone
Front: saxophone
[ˈsæksəfəʊn] (13561/22024 -1)
Vocabulary: saxophone
(once / 6147 pages)
n
A saxophone is a brass instrument that you play by blowing into a mouthpiece and pressing keys to form musical notes. John Coltrane and Charlie Parker (and Lisa Simpson :) were famous saxophone players.
Saxophones are similar to instruments like clarinets, because both use a reed mouthpiece and are considered woodwinds. The saxophone, however, also qualifies as a brass instrument, like the trumpet and the tuba, since it's made out of brass and makes sound through vibrations inside the instrument's body. The word saxophone comes from Antoine Joseph Sax, the Belgian inventor of the saxophone. Sax's father, also named Sax, invented the less successful saxhorn.
WORD FAMILY
saxophone: saxist, saxophones, saxophonist+/saxophonist: saxophonists
USAGE EXAMPLES
In Mr. Braith’s mosaic, he is clad in a slick red blazer and carrying his signature Braithophone, alto and soprano saxophones melded into one.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
But there’s nothing dated about its sound here, especially as Mr. Harper tears into a tenor saxophone solo, around the five-minute mark.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Each of these two sets on New Year’s Eve will feature Mr. Zorn on alto saxophone, in a guest capacity.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. [乐]萨克斯管
分布：萨克斯管(100%)
→来自法语 saxophone,萨克斯管，来自该乐器发明者 19 世纪比利时乐器师 Antoine Joseph Sax. 该姓氏字面意思为撒克逊人。
US [-foʊn] (informal sax)
noun countable
■a musical instrument made of metal which is played by blowing through a reed and pressing the metal keys to produce notes 萨克管，萨克斯风
n. 萨克斯管
 - sax

Word: rota
Front: rota
[ˈrəʊtə] (32681/13809)
Back: n. 值班表
分布：花名册(56%)，值班表(44%)
→来自拉丁语 rota,轮子，词源同 rotary.引申词义轮值，轮值表。
US ['roʊ.tˌə] mainly UK (US usually roster)
noun countable
■a list of things that have to be done and of the people who will do them 勤务轮值表
• a weekly rota 一周勤务轮值表
n. 值班名册；轮值表
 - duty roster

Word: sainted
Front: sainted
[ˈseɪntɪd] (33407/-)
Back: adj. 德高的，成为圣人的，上天堂的
分布：成为圣人的(34%)，上天堂的(33%)，德高的(22%)，动词saint的过去式和过去分词.(11%)
US [-tˌɪd] adjective [usually before noun]
■given the title of saint by the church, or considered to be like a saint 被追封为圣徒的；圣人似的
• humorous And where is my sainted (= extremely good) little sister? 我的大好人妹妹在哪里？
adj. 神圣的；上天堂的；成为圣人的
 - sacred, divine, blessed

Word: searchlight
Front: searchlight
[ˈsɜ:tʃlaɪt] (20952/16311)
Back: n. 探照灯
分布：探照灯(74%)，探照灯光(18%)，手电(8%)
US ['sɝ:tʃ-] noun countable
■a light with a very bright beam that can be turned in any direction, used especially to guard prisons or to see the movements of enemy aircraft in the sky 探照灯
n. [电] 探照灯；探照灯光
 - ExView, projector

Word: semiconducting

Word: scalable
Front: scalable
['skeɪləbl] (31206/30540)
Back: adj. 可攀登的，可升级的
分布：可伸缩的(84%)，可攀登的(11%)，可测量的(5%)
adj. 可攀登的；可去鳞的；可称量的
 - ponderable

Word: shading
Front: shading
[ˈʃeɪdɪŋ] (19339/20338)
Back: n. 留下阴影; 描影法; 明暗法; 底纹
v. 遮蔽( shade的现在分词 ); 险胜; 加灯罩; 画阴影于…之上
分布：细微差别(55%)，明暗法(15%)，颜色浓淡强调某些部分的运用(15%)，动词shade的现在分词形式.(15%)
n. 底纹；遮蔽；明暗法； [印刷] 描影法；留下阴影
 - obscur, ground finish

Word: sissy
Front: sissy
['sɪsɪ] (31296/49058)
Back: n. 胆小鬼，女人气的男人，胆小无用的男子
adj. 女人气的，柔弱的
分布：娘娘腔的(60%)，胆小无用的男子(23%)，女孩子(17%)
→来自 sister 昵称，用于指娘娘腔的男生。
['sɪs.i] (also cissy) informal disapproving
noun countable
■a boy who other boys dislike and laugh at because they think he is weak or interested in activities girls usually like, or a person who is weak and cowardly (= not brave) 女人气的男子；胆小鬼；懦弱的人
• Kevin is such a sissy. 凯文真是个娘娘腔。
• [as form of address] Can't you climb that tree, you big sissy? 你爬不上那棵树吧，你这个胆小鬼！
n. 胆小鬼；胆小无用的男子；女人气的男人
 - sheep, fraid
adj. 女人气的，娘娘腔的；柔弱的
 - female, womanish

Word: singleton
Front: singleton
[ˈsɪŋgltən] (27692/26177)
Back: n. 一个，独身，单独
分布：单身(62%)，独生子(27%)，单例模型(11%)
→single,单个的，单身的，-ton,人，衍生自 simpleton.
noun countable
CARD 咭 specialized
■a playing card which is the only one of that suit that a player has 单张牌（适合牌手一付牌的、唯一的一张牌）
• Jack has a singleton in hearts. 杰克有一张唯一的红桃。
['sɪŋ.gl.tən] noun countable
PERSON 人 humorous
■a man or woman who does not have a romantic or sexual partner 独身之人，单身人士
n. 一个；独身
 - yin, celibacy

Word: skulk
Front: skulk
[skʌlk] (托 23193/24360)
Vocabulary: skulk
(once / 2492 pages)
v
Skulking is cowardly. It means hiding out, either because you're trying to pull something off in secret, or you're trying to get out of doing something you're supposed to be doing.
If you cut school, it makes sense to do it in the style of "Ferris Bueller's Day Off," and enjoy yourself. Will the punishment be worse than if you skulk around town, avoiding teachers and people your parents know, not doing anything you really want to do? In spy movies, there are always bad guys in hotel lobbies, skulking about, hiding behind open newspapers.
WORD FAMILY
skulk: skulked, skulker, skulking, skulks+/skulker: skulkers
USAGE EXAMPLES
On the other, Duke freshman Frank Jackson shrugged off forward Amile Jefferson and skulked toward the bench as Jefferson tried to offer some veteran advice.
Washington Post(Dec 31, 2016)
The former becomes your proxy in hard-to-reach spaces, skulking through ventilation shafts to reach wall panels that unlock essential routes.
Time(Nov 17, 2016)
WikiLeaks — which has skulked around the presidential campaign all year — was at it again Sunday, disclosing still more about the grimy underside of the news.
Washington Post(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: vi. <贬>潜伏，偷偷摸摸地走动，鬼鬼祟祟地活动
时态：skulked, skulking, skulks
分布：潜行(36%)，一群狐狸(16%)，潜伏者(16%)，躲躲闪闪(16%)，藏匿者(16%)
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to hide or move around as if trying not to be seen, usually with bad intentions 隐匿，潜伏
• I thought I saw someone skulking in the bushes - perhaps we should call the police. 我好像看见有人藏在灌木丛里——也许我们应该报警。
vi. 潜伏；偷偷隐躲；逃避责任；偷偷摸摸地行走
 - to conceal, lie low
n. 躲藏者；逃避责任者；潜行的人或动物
 - shirker

Word: slapstick
Front: slapstick
[ˈslæpstɪk] (26312/35905)
Back: n. 闹剧，趣剧
分布：名词(100%)
noun uncountable
■a type of humorous acting in which the actors behave in a silly way, such as by throwing things, falling over, etc. 打闹剧，粗俗滑稽剧

Word: silvan
Front: silvan
['sɪlvən] None
Back: adj. 森林的，生活在森林中的
n. 森林中的人（或动物），森林之神
分布：乡村的(34%)，农村的)(33%)，森林的(树木多的(33%)
(also sylvan) ['sɪl.vən] adjective old use or literary
■of or having woods 森林的；有森林的
adj. 森林的，生活在森林中的；树木多的
 - sylvan, woodsy

Word: thc
Front: thc
[ˌti:eɪtʃˈsi:] None
Back: abbr. tetrahydrocannabinol 四氢大麻酚

Word: suborn
Front: suborn
[səˈbɔ:n] (宝 38303/-)
Vocabulary: suborn
(once / 12211 pages)
v
One of the reasons Mafia bosses are so good at avoiding prison is that they know how to suborn witnesses and jurors — that is, to bribe people to lie. After all, it wouldn't be nice if an accident were to happen on the way to court, right?
Technically speaking, suborn doesn't just mean induce someone to conveniently "forget" something in the witness stand, or otherwise get creative with their imagination. An inducement to any kind of crime is suborning, but by far the most common use is in the legal sense above. Or "witness tampering," as the cops call it.
WORD FAMILY
suborn: subornation, suborned, suborner, suborning, suborns+/suborner: suborners
USAGE EXAMPLES
Jealous neighbours easily suborn the police into arresting them.
Economist(Jul 14, 2016)
But Chávez’s rule serves as a warning: the longer he was in office the more intolerant he became, suborning state institutions to his will.
The Guardian(Jun 22, 2016)
I am amazed the socially enlightened young technocrats in VW’s engineering bureaucracy would suborn this.
Wall Street Journal(Sep 24, 2015)
Back: vt. 行贿，教唆[买通]…作伪证
时态：suborned, suborning, suborns
分布：收买(71%)，贿赂(13%)，教唆某人作伪证(8%)，教唆(8%)
→sub-,在下，-orn,安排，装饰，词源同 order,adorn.即私下安排好的，引申词义收买，买通。
收买,贿赂(sub+orn装饰→在下面装饰→贿赂)[sub-①表示"在下面,次一等,副手"②表示"接近,靠近"]
贿赂;唆使(sub在下面+orn→在下面装饰别人→贿赂)[orn=embellish,表示"装饰"]
【记】sub下面，orn装饰－在下面用钱装饰你－贿赂
vt. 唆使；收买；使作伪证
 - set on, instigate

Word: sycophancy
Front: sycophancy
['sɪkəfənsɪ] (42666/36400)
Back: n. 拍马屁，奉承，谄媚; 吮痈舐痔
分布：谄媚(42%)，奉承(35%)，追随(23%)
n. 谄媚；奉承；追随；拍马屁
 - court, follow

Word: tented
Front: tented
[ˈtentɪd] (32596/36868)
Back: adj. 帐篷形的
分布：帐篷形的(51%)，放进帐篷的(33%)，以帐篷覆盖的(16%)

Word: tripper
Front: tripper
[ˈtrɪpə(r)] (36446/23949)
Back: n. 绊跌者; <英，贬>（尤指一日游的）旅游者; <机>倾卸装置; <铁>发信号装置
分布：旅行者(50%)，远足者(25%)，卸料机(25%)
→trip,远足，旅行，-er,人。
US [-ɚ] mainly UK
noun countable
■someone who visits a place for a short time, often with a large group of other people 旅游者，游客
• Thousands of day trippers flock to resorts on the south coast. 数千名参加一日游的游客蜂拥至南部海岸的渡假胜地。
• The café was full of coach trippers. 小餐馆里到处都是乘坐长途汽车的游客。
n. 远足者；旅行者；绊跌者
 - tourist, traveler

Word: transcendence
Front: transcendence
[træn'sendəns] (13711/26371)
Vocabulary: transcendence
(once / 25695 pages)
n
Transcendence is the act of rising above something to a superior state. If you were at a concert where the rock star jumped into the audience, the concert (and audience) may have achieved a state of transcendence.
Transcendence comes from the Latin prefix trans-, meaning "beyond," and the word scandare, meaning "to climb." When you achieve transcendence, you have gone beyond ordinary limitations. The word is often used to describe a spiritual or religious state, or a condition of moving beyond physical needs and realities. One way to achieve transcendence spiritually might be to fast for a long time. If you have trouble letting go of material needs, then you will have a difficult time achieving transcendence.
WORD FAMILY
transcendence: transcendences+/ transcend: transcended, transcendent, transcending, transcends/transcendency: transcendencies/ transcendent: transcendence, transcendency, transcendental, transcendently/ transcendental: transcendentalism, transcendentally/ transcendentalism: transcendentalisms, transcendentalist / transcendentalist: transcendentalists
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s an album about heroes and desires, passion and vision, simplicity and transcendence, all of them still very much a part of her music.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Essentially, he was talking about transcendence, another path to which is surely laughter.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
It is the possibility of transcendence breaking in on any common day.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 超越; 超绝; <宗>（神的）超然性; 超凡
分布：超越(92%)，卓越(8%)
N-UNCOUNT
超越
Transcendence is the quality of being able to go beyond normal limits or boundaries.
例：...the transcendence of class differences.对阶级差别的超越
n. [数] 超越；卓越；超然存在
 - predominance, preeminence

Word: thoreau
Front: thoreau
[ˈθɔ:rəu] (-/40303)
Back: n. 梭罗
分布：名词(100%)

Word: unbecoming
Front: unbecoming
[ˌʌnbɪˈkʌmɪŋ] (托宝 25108/33136)
Vocabulary: unbecoming
(once / 2734 pages)
adj
Use the adjective unbecoming when a person does something that's awkward or inappropriate, like using foul language at your grandmother's tea party.
Sometimes the word unbecoming means "unattractive," as in the sentence, "Her enormous black clothing and heavily applied makeup were extremely unbecoming." Behavior that is unattractive, especially in a particular setting or with certain people, can also be unbecoming. It's unbecoming to burp loudly at the opera. If it's impolite or unseemly, it's unbecoming. The word stems from becoming, which means attractive or tasteful.
WORD FAMILY
unbecoming: unbecomingest, unbecomingly, unbecomingness+/ become: became, becomes, becoming / becoming: becomingest, becomingly, becomingness, unbecoming /becomingness: becomingnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Golsteyn guilty of a war crime but of conduct unbecoming an officer.
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
The department didn’t release details about the incident but said the penalty is for “conduct unbecoming” of an officer.
Washington Times(Dec 12, 2016)
I will here confess to a habit unbecoming of a TV critic, or any person generally interested in the structural integrity of a television show.
Slate(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 不合身的，不相配的，难看的; 不雅观; 不相称
分布：不合身的(34%)，不相称的(29%)，不适当的(20%)，不得体的(17%)
【记】un不，becoming（adj 合适的）
adjective formal
■describes clothes that do not look attractive on a particular person （衣着）不合身的，不相配的，难看的
■describes behaviour that is not correct or not acceptable （行为）不恰当的，不得体的，不可接受的
• Any officer who is convicted of conduct unbecoming (to)an officer shall be court-martialled. 被控行为有失军官身份的军官将送交军事法庭审判。
adj. 不适当的，不相称的；不合身的，不得体的
 - inadequate, inappropriate, unhappy, wrong, improper

Word: triplet
Front: triplet
[ˈtrɪplət] (15816/22648)
Back: n. 三胞胎之一; 三个一组; 三联体（码）; 三连音符
分布：三胞胎之一(42%)，三连音符(33%)，三个一组(25%)
→triple,三倍的，-et,小词形式。用于指三胞胎中的一个。
noun countable
■one of three children born to the same mother at the same time 三胞胎之一
• I was amazed when my doctor told me I was going to have triplets. 当我从医生那里得知自己要生三胞胎时，我惊讶万分。
n. 三个一组；三连音符；三元组中的一个； [妇产] 三胞胎之一
 - ternion, triad

Word: unlamented
Front: unlamented
['ʌnlə'mentɪd] (40503/48291)
Back: adj. 不被哀悼的，无人惋惜的
分布：不被哀悼的(60%)，无人惋惜的(40%)

Word: unchain

Word: underappreciated
Front: underappreciated
[ˌʌndərə'pri:ʃɪeɪtɪd] (22505/-)
Back: adj. 未得到正确评价的，未受到充分赏识（或欣赏）的
分布：未得到正确评价的(100%)

Word: unclean
Front: unclean
[ˌʌnˈkli:n] (20681/20260)
Back: adj. 肮脏的; 不纯洁的; 猥亵的; 邪恶的
分布：不洁的(76%)，不纯洁的(16%)，不贞洁的(8%)
adjective
■not clean and therefore likely to cause disease 不洁净的，肮脏的
• The health risk from drinking unclean water is considerable. 喝不洁净的水对健康的威胁相当大。
■formal
■not clean or pure, or morally bad, as described by the rules of a religion （宗教上）不洁净的；邪恶的
• Jews and Muslims consider pigs unclean. 犹太人和穆斯林认为猪是不洁净的。

Word: unifier
Front: unifier
['ju:nɪfaɪə] (35476/-)
Back: n. 联合者，统一者，使一致的人（或物）; 通代

Word: westernmost
Front: westernmost
[ˈwestənməʊst] (28516/46465)
Back: adj. 最西的
分布：最西的(100%)
US [-tɚn.moʊst] adjective
■furthest towards the west of an area 最西面的；极西的
• Ouessant is the westernmost point of France. 韦桑岛位于法国的最西端。

Word: wheedle
Front: wheedle
[ˈwi:dl] (托宝 27751/25299)
Vocabulary: wheedle
(once / 3530 pages)
v
To wheedle is to sweet talk, or flatter someone in the hopes of getting something in return. You might try to wheedle a meter maid into not giving you a parking ticket. Good luck with that.
If you want your parents to do something for you that they don’t want to do, you may have to wheedle them with breakfast in bed and a shower of compliments in order to get what you want. To wheedle someone is to “charm” that person, though it’s a little more on the “suck up to” side than it is charming. The teacher’s pet might try to wheedle her way into a better grade.
WORD FAMILY
wheedle: wheedled, wheedler, wheedles, wheedling+/wheedler: wheedlers/wheedling: wheedlings
USAGE EXAMPLES
The refreshing, subtle flavor comes from 15 spices, the recipe for which she had to wheedle out of the family with whom she studied cooking.
Seattle Times(Nov 17, 2016)
You wheedle, cajole, bribe, and threaten him into practicing every day.
Wall Street Journal(Aug 24, 2016)
Waterside, merchants wheedled and cajoled customers, hoping to lure them into their shops.
Patrick Rothfuss, The Name of the Wind(2007)
Back: vt. 骗取（某物），哄骗（某人干某事）
时态：wheedled, wheedling, wheedles
分布：动词(95%)，名词(5%)
→词源不详。
【记】w，heed（v 注意），le乐：注意让你乐－哄骗读：we逗，我们用甜言蜜语逗你－哄骗
disapproving
verb intransitive transitive + adverb or preposition
■to try to persuade someone to do something or give you something by praising them or being intentionally charming 哄骗；用花言巧语说服；诓骗
• She's one of those children who can wheedle you into giving her anything she wants. 她是那种可以用甜言蜜语哄得你给她任何她想要的东西的孩子。
• She wasn't invited, but somehow she managed to wheedle her way in. 她没有被邀请，可她不知怎么连哄带骗地混了进来。
• I tried all manner of different approaches - I wheedled, threatened, demanded, cajoled. 各种办法我都试过了——连哄带骗、威逼利诱、强烈要求，都试过了。

Word: vesuvius
Front: vesuvius
[viˈsu:vjəs] (-/36360)
Back: 维苏威火山（意大利西南部）（欧洲大陆唯一的活火山）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: waxwork
Front: waxwork
[ˈwækswɜ:k] (43787/28180)
Back: n. 蜡制品，蜡像
分布：蜡像(55%)，蜡像馆(26%)，蜡制品(19%)
US [-wɝ:k] noun
countable
■a wax model of a person 蜡像；蜡人
waxworks [plural]
■a place where there are a lot of wax models of famous people for the public to look at 蜡像馆

Word: wick
Front: wick
[wɪk] (宝 17490/19612)
Back: n. 蜡烛芯; （油灯的）灯芯; <英俚>不断烦扰某人; 激怒某人
分布：灯芯(88%)，蜡烛芯(12%)
→词源不详，可能来自weik,弯，转，编织，词源同wicker,vicarious,引申词义用线捻成的烛芯。
【记】wick的身体看上去很weak，因为wick在大话西游里是朱茵演的。
noun countable
■a piece of string in the centre of a candle, or a similar part of a light, which supplies fuel to a flame 烛芯；灯芯
[wɪk] noun countable
get on sb's wick UK old-fashioned informal
■to annoy someone 惹恼某人
n. 灯芯，蜡烛心
 - lampwick

Word: unshackle

Word: zapata

Word: williamsburg

Word: advisable
Front: advisable
[ədˈvaɪzəbl] (研四六托宝 18573/8630 -1)
Vocabulary: advisable
(once / 748 pages)
adj
Something that's advisable makes a lot of sense — enough so that you'd recommend it to a friend. For example, it might be advisable for you to go visit a college before deciding to go there as a student.
Use the adjective advisable when you talk about actions that are completely wise and fitting. It's advisable to change the batteries in your smoke detector and wait for the walk sign to cross the street. It's also advisable to save some money every month and to consult your entire family before bringing home a puppy. Advisable comes from the verb advise, or suggest, with its Old French root, aviser, "deliberate, reflect, or consider."
WORD FAMILY
advisable: advisability, advisabler, advisablest, advisably, inadvisable, unadvisable+/ advise: advisable, advised, advisee, advisement, adviser, advises, advising, advisor, advisory, misadvise/advised: advisedly, ill-advised, unadvised/advisee: advisees/advisement: advisements/ adviser: advisers/ advisor: advisors/ advisory: advisories/ inadvisable: inadvisability, inadvisably/misadvise: misadvised, misadvising/unadvisable: unadvisably/unadvised: unadvisedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
The doctor had told him he was lucky to be walking, that boxing was definitely out and that doing other things was advisable.
BBC(Nov 30, 2016)
He agreed that it was advisable to order extra heart tests for patients taking checkpoint combinations.
New York Times(Nov 02, 2016)
Cold turkey may not be advisable, given legitimate Trump-related news that may demand attention.
Washington Post(Oct 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 明智的; 可取的; 能劝告的; 适当的
分布：明智的(65%)，可取的(35%)
a.可取的,适当的,明智的It is not advisable to drink too much.喝酒不可过量.
【记】来自advise（vt 劝告，忠告，建议）；advisory（adj 劝告的）
adjective [after verb]
■If something is advisable, it will avoid problems if you do it 明智的；可取的；适当的
• [+ to infinitive] It's advisable to book seats at least a week in advance. 最好至少提前一周预订座位。
• A certain amount of caution is advisable at this point. 此刻保持适度谨慎是明智的。
adj. 明智的，可取的，适当的
 - suitable, wise, adequate, appropriate, proper

Word: acuity
Front: acuity
[əˈkju:əti] (宝 15780/27913)
Vocabulary: acuity
(once / 42062 pages)
n
Acuity has to do with sharpness and smartness. Do you always get A's in math? Then you have an acuity for numbers.
People often talk about "mental acuity," which is a fancy way of saying intelligence, brains, or smartness. There are specific kinds of acuity, too. As people become very old, they tend to lose their acuity in many areas, including their vision, which is one reason very old people don't drive as well. A 40-year-old quarterback isn't going to have the same acuity for seeing receivers and throwing the ball as a 25-year-old quarterback.
WORD FAMILY
acuity: acuities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Even the thickest toddler shows much greater inferential acuity.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
She hypothesized that deaf players’ disadvantage in not being able to hear their opponents hit the ball can be compensated for by increased visual acuity.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
It is about six months later, and she feels that she has nearly entirely recovered her mental acuity.
Seattle Times(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: n. 尖锐，（疾病的）剧烈，（视力、才智等的）敏锐; 敏度
分布：敏锐(70%)，尖锐(22%)，激烈(8%)
→来自词根ac, 尖。
尖锐,敏锐(acu+ity性质→尖的性质→尖锐)[acid,acri,acrid,acu=sour,sharp,表示"尖,酸,锐利"]
【记】acu尖，酸，锐利，ity名词后缀表性质－尖的性质－敏锐
【参】acumen（n 敏锐，聪明）；acute（adj 敏锐的；[医]急性的）
US [-ə.tˌi] formal
noun uncountable
■the ability to hear, see or think accurately and clearly （听力、视力、思维等的）灵敏度，敏锐
• Tiredness also affects visual acuity. 疲劳也会影响视力的灵敏度。
• He was a man of great political acuity. 他是一个对政治高度敏感的人。
n. [生理] 敏锐；尖锐；剧烈
 - keenness, incisiveness

Word: aftertaste
Front: aftertaste
[ˈɑ:ftəteɪst] (25093/42210)
Vocabulary: aftertaste
(once / 62207 pages)
n
The taste that lingers in your mouth after you've eaten something is called an aftertaste. You might complain that the strawberry bubble gum you love has a weird, plastic aftertaste.
You might enjoy the first few sips of a new brand of soda, but find yourself disturbed by the flavor that stays behind on your tongue — this is the aftertaste. Some foods and drinks have a bitter or sour aftertaste, which can be enough to ruin the experience of eating or drinking. You can also use aftertaste figuratively, to mean "a general feeling," as in: "That argument with my friend left a bad aftertaste."
WORD FAMILY
aftertaste: aftertastes
USAGE EXAMPLES
The buttery finish at the back of the palate offers just a hint of buttery aftertaste.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
It lasted a year, with customers complaining of a complicated lighting procedure and a charcoal aftertaste.
BBC(Nov 29, 2016)
The northern fish is served over spicy shrimp risotto and swimming in a cilantro-lime broth that packs a hint of an aftertaste kick.
Washington Times(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: n. 回味，余韵
分布：回味(62%)，余味(25%)，余韵(13%)
US ['æf.tɚ-] noun countable usually singular
■the taste that a particular food or other substance leaves in your mouth when you have swallowed it （饮食等在口中留下的）后味，余味，回味
• The medicine left an unpleasant aftertaste. 药服下后在口中留下了一股怪味道。

Word: alright
Front: alright
[ɔ:lˈraɪt] (12274/2117 -1)
Vocabulary: alright
(once / 17909 pages)
advadj
Alright is the informal way of writing "all right." It can stand in for "okay," like the sandwich you had for lunch that was just alright — it was neither great nor terrible.
In a nutshell, alright means "fine" or "satisfactory": "Are the kids alright on that Ferris wheel?" You can use it to show that you agree with something someone said: "Oh alright, I get it." This one-word spelling of "all right" is okay when texting with your friends, but don't use it when you are looking to impress, such as in a thank-you letter following a job interview.
WORD FAMILY
alright
USAGE EXAMPLES
I was like, ‘Alright, well then why don’t you sit in with our cello section on ‘Mission Impossible’?”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 19, 2016)
When Calvin saw Wilson after the fight, everything was far from being alright.
BBC(Dec 08, 2016)
Alright, so you and I really need to get motivated.
Time(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: adv. 好的; 正确; 令人满意
adj. 没问题的
分布：没问题的(30%)，很好(20%)，令人满意(14%)，满意的(14%)，=all right(11%)，没问题地(11%)
→来自复合词all right .
US [ɑ:l-] adjective adverb exclamation
 ESSENTIAL
■ all right
adj. 没问题的
 - okey-doke, oke
adv. 好吧（等于all right）
 - OK.

Word: airframe
Front: airframe
['eəˌfreɪm] (30563/17907)
Back: n. 机身
分布：机身(100%)
n. 机身
 - fuselage, main body

Word: amen
Front: amen
[ɑ:'men] (10827/12840)
Back: int. 阿门
n. <美口>认可或批准
adv. <古>真实地
→来自希伯来语amen, 真理。
formal
exclamation
■said or sung at the end of a prayer or sometimes a religious song to express agreement with what has been said （用于祈祷或圣歌的结束，表示诚心许愿）阿门
[ˌɑ:'men] [ˌeɪ-] formal
exclamation
amen to that
■said to show that you agree strongly with something that someone has just said （表示非常同意别人对某事的说法）同意，赞成
• "Thank goodness we didn't go." "Amen to that!" “谢天谢地我们没有走。”“可不是嘛！”
n. 祈祷的结束语；赞成
 - approval, consent
adv. 真实地
 - truly, really, true

Word: ammonium
Front: ammonium
[əˈməʊniəm] (22313/27314)
Back: n. 铵
分布：氨盐基(100%)
US [-'moʊ-] specialized
noun uncountable
■a type of ion that is derived from ammonia and is contained in chemical compounds of it 铵，氨盐基
• ammonium chloride 氯化铵
• ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵

Word: antipodean

Word: aramaic
Front: aramaic
[ˌærə'meɪɪk] (33735/45068)
Back: n. 亚拉姆语
分布：阿拉米语(100%)

Word: beech
Front: beech
[bi:tʃ] (17113/8833)
Back: n. [植]山毛榉; 山毛榉木材
adj. 山毛榉的，山毛榉木材的
分布：名词(100%)
→来自PIE *bhagos, 榉树，词源同book.
noun countable or uncountable
■a tree with a smooth grey trunk and small nuts, or the wood from this tree 山毛榉
• a row of beeches 一排山毛榉
• a chair made of beech 山毛榉木椅
• a beech floor/hedge 山毛榉地板／树篱
n. [木] [植] 山毛榉
 - fagus

Word: banka

Word: astounding
Front: astounding
[əˈstaʊndɪŋ] (托 15438/20287 -1)
Vocabulary: astounding
(once / 1362 pages)
adj
Astounding is an adjective that describes something bewildering, like the astounding sight of a dog walking on two legs.
When something is astounding, you might find yourself unable to speak — after all, astounding comes from the Middle English word astouned, meaning "to stun." If you see something that's astounding, you might just stare and stare, speechless. Astounding also describes something so surprisingly impressive that it overwhelms, like the astounding news that you just won the lottery.
WORD FAMILY
astounding: astoundingly+/ astound: astounded, astounding, astounds/astounded: astoundedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
“We’ve lost governorships and state legislatures at a rate that is pretty astounding.”
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
“It really is an astounding picture,” he said.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Nevertheless, it was an astounding feat for Trump to get elected.
Salon(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: adj. 使人震惊的
vt. 使震惊，使大吃一惊astound的现在分词)
分布：令人惊骇的(87%)，动词astound的现在分词形式.(13%)
adjective
■very surprising or shocking 令人震惊的；使人惊骇的
• an astounding fact/decision/revelation 令人震惊的事实／决定／揭示
• an astounding (= very great) victory/achievement/success 令人惊叹的胜利／成就／成功
adj. 令人震惊的；令人惊骇的
 - electric, shocking

Word: berserk
Front: berserk
[bəˈzɜ:k] (宝 -/19143)
Vocabulary: berserk
(once / 14054 pages)
nadj
Berserk is another way of saying deranged, destructively violent, or unrestrained — like a wailing toddler ravaging the playroom when he's hopped up on sugar and long overdue for a nap.
Famous writer and runner George Sheehan said, “If you want to win anything – a race, your self, your life – you have to go a little berserk.” He must have been thinking of the fierce Norse warriors called berserkrs that inspired the adjective we know to mean "crazed." Those warriors were feared to be fighters of superhuman strength who wore bear skins and chewed madly at their iron shields. It's safe to say most of their opponents ran away crying.
WORD FAMILY
berserk: berserks
USAGE EXAMPLES
For one organization, the short-but-long wait will end this weekend before a bundled and berserk MLS Cup audience at BMO Field.
Washington Post(Dec 09, 2016)
No one else is rallying people to respond to Trump’s berserk authoritarianism.
Slate(Dec 06, 2016)
When Gerald Ford pardoned him, I still remember, I was painting rooms in the house and I went berserk.
The Guardian(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 狂怒的，狂暴的
adv. 狂暴地
分布：狂怒的(73%)，狂暴的(27%)
→ber, 同bear, 熊。serk, 同sartorial, 缝制。原指熊皮制成的衣服。
【源】这个词都来自古老的斯堪的纳维亚语 berserkr，意思是“狂野的斗士”。 这些斗士身穿熊皮，所以berserkr这个词是由bera“熊”和serkr“衬衫，外套”组成。这些 berserkers在战斗中表现狂暴，象动物一样吼叫，口吐白沫，口咬铁护甲。
US [bɚ'zɝ:k] adjective
■very angry or out of control 狂暴的；暴跳如雷的
• My mother will go berserk (= be extremely angry) when she finds out I've ruined her favourite dress. 如果我妈发现我弄破了她最喜欢的裙子，她一定会气疯的。
adj. 狂怒的
 - rageful, furious
adv. 狂暴地，狂怒地
 - wildly, furiously

Word: axiomatic
Front: axiomatic
[ˌæksiəˈmætɪk] (27442/20155)
Vocabulary: axiomatic
(once / 19003 pages)
1adj 2adj
An axiom is a self-evident truth. The authors of the Declaration of Independence could have written, “We hold these truths to be axiomatic,” but it wouldn't have the same ring.
The root word of axiomatic, axiom, derives from the Greek axioma, meaning "authority," or "that which is thought worthy or fit." We use it to describe statements that have the authority of truth about them, or that seem worthy of the truth, or fit to be described as such. That is, an axiom is a proposition that we don’t generally question because it seems plain enough that it’s true. And axiomatic means evident without proof or argument.
WORD FAMILY
axiomatic: axiomatically+/ axiom: axiomatic, axiomatical, axioms
USAGE EXAMPLES
In fact, they are axiomatic and, increasingly, transparent.
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
It is axiomatic that if someone is sufficiently eager to disbelieve something, there is no Everest of evidence too large to be ignored.
Washington Post(Dec 28, 2016)
In the UK, it is axiomatic that a judge who has tried a case will never be appointed to hear its appeal.
The Guardian(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adj. <正>公理的; 不证自明的; 原则的; 格言的
分布：公理的(84%)，不言自明的(16%)
【反】controversial（adj 有争议的）
US [-'mætˌ-] formal
adjective
■obviously true and therefore not needing to be proved 成为公理的；不需证明的，不言自明的
• It is an axiomatic fact that governments rise and fall on the state of the economy. 经济状况决定政府的兴衰成败，这是不言自明的事实。
• It seems axiomatic that everyone would benefit from a better scientific education. 更好的科学教育会使每个人受益，这似乎是不言自明的。
adj. [数] 公理的；自明的
 - self-explanatory

Word: batumi

Word: biter
Front: biter
['baɪtə] (33211/37936)
Back: n. 咬人的动物，骗子
分布：骗子(100%)
n. 咬人的动物；骗子
 - fraud, sharp

Word: betoken
Front: betoken
[bɪˈtəʊkən] (托宝 34079/33339)
Vocabulary: betoken
(once / 2042 pages)
v
A dark sky full of clouds might betoken a thunderstorm. In other words, the clouds indicate or point to the fact that a thunderstorm is on its way.
You're most likely to come across the word betoken in an English class or a book, since it's primarily a literary word used to express the idea of signifying or symbolizing something. There's often a sense of mystery around the word; for example, a black cat might betoken bad luck, or be an omen of something slightly scary. However, there are plenty of cheerful examples, like when a ring betokens love.
WORD FAMILY
betoken: betokened, betokening, betokens
USAGE EXAMPLES
This is why oddities of skin pigmentation sometimes betoken deeper ailments.
Nature(Nov 01, 2016)
At the time, these episodes loomed large and seemed to betoken a troubled presidency.
US News(Oct 14, 2016)
But what they betoken is a larger sort of intellectual dishonesty.
New York Times(Jul 06, 2016)
Back: vt. 预示，表示
时态：betokened, betokening, betokens
分布：预示(62%)，表示(30%)，是 ... 的预兆(8%)
【记】1）be使成为，token（n 记号，标志）－使成为标志－预示2）beto读：鼻头，ken肯－鼻头被啃是一种预示－想象、想象、再想象－预示、表示你已经陷入爱河了。
US [-'toʊ-] old use
verb transitive
■to be a sign of something 预示；表示
vt. 预示；表示
 - indicate, forecast, bid, shadow, announce

Word: blackness
Front: blackness
['blæknəs] (9868/10635 -1)
Back: n. 黑色; 黑人民族性; 阴郁; 邪恶
分布：黑色(75%)，阴险(25%)
noun uncountable
■the quality of being very dark or an area of darkness 黑暗，黑暗的地方
n. 黑色；阴险
 - Film-Noir, nigrescence

Word: bioengineering
Front: bioengineering
[ˌbaɪəʊˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ] (40648/-)
Back: n. 生物工程; 人工器官移植
分布：遗传工程(100%)
n. [生物物理] 生物工程；生物工程学
 - biological engineering

Word: bleary
Front: bleary
[ˈblɪəri] (26045/25902)
Vocabulary: bleary
(once / 27297 pages)
1adj 2adj
Something that's bleary is dull, tired, or unfocused. Your eyes might be too bleary first thing in the morning to focus on the newspaper — at least before you've had a cup of coffee.
Bleary almost always describes a person's eyes, although you can also use it simply to mean blurred or exhausted. A day spent traveling from Asia to North America can leave you with bleary eyes, and so can a night of crying after the death of your beloved dog. The word bleary comes from a now-obsolete adjective, blear, "watery or rheumy," which may share a root with the German blerre, "having blurred vision."
WORD FAMILY
bleary: blearier, blearily
USAGE EXAMPLES
For both managers, both teams, and the rest of us, bleary and remorseful, today is the perfect time to start again.
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
The auditorium on the far side of the resort is filled with 100 or so bleary eyed 20-somethings.
BBC(Dec 26, 2016)
I can’t count the number of parties I have left a little bleary because there just wasn’t anything to eat.
The Guardian(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 视线模糊的，朦胧的
分布：朦胧的(54%)，眼睛模糊的(35%)，精疲力尽的(11%)
→同blur, 模糊。可能同bleak, 暗淡的。
US ['blɪr.i] adjective
■If you have bleary eyes, your eyes are red and watery and you cannot see clearly, because you are tired or have just woken up （眼睛）视线模糊的，惺忪的
• to be bleary -eyed 睡眼惺忪
adj. 朦胧的；眼睛模糊的
 - hazy, shadowy

Word: calibration
Front: calibration
[ˌkælɪˈbreɪʃn] (六托 16497/17128)
Back: n. 校准，标准化; 刻度，标度; 测量口径
分布：校准(88%)，刻度(12%)
VERB
校定，校准，调节(计量器具)
If you calibrate an instrument or tool, you mark or adjust it so that you can use it to measure something accurately.
例：...instructions on how to calibrate a thermometer.如何标定温度计的说明
例：...a calibrated hypodermic syringe.标定精确刻度的皮下注射器
VERB
精确测量;准确估量
If you calibrate something, you measure it accurately.
例：...a way of calibrating the shift of opinion within the Labour Party...准确衡量工党内部观点转变的方法
例：Pesticide levels in food are simply too difficult to calibrate.食品中杀虫剂的含量很难精确测定。
n. 校准；刻度；标度
 - standardization, regulation, scale, graduation, alignment

Word: brock
Front: brock
[brɒk] (-/23334)
Back: n. 獾； <英俚>臭家伙，坏蛋
分布：獾(100%)
n. 獾；坏蛋，臭家伙
 - dog, badger

Word: bougainville

Word: boswell

Word: brawny
Front: brawny
[ˈbrɔ:ni] (宝 21002/34096)
Vocabulary: brawny
(once / 3257 pages)
adj
Someone brawny is bulky and muscular. Most football players are brawny.
Brawn refers to muscles and physical strength: people often contrast brains and brawn. Therefore, if someone is brawny, they have large muscles and are quite strong. Many athletes are brawny, especially ones such as weightlifters and football players. Tennis players and jockeys are usually smaller and not so brawny. A brawny person is big, strong, rugged, and tough. If you'd like to be brawnier, go to the gym.
WORD FAMILY
brawny: brawnier, brawniest, brawnily, brawniness+/ brawn: brawns, brawny
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s the brawny creation of a man who teaches not at a conventional art school but at the Rochester Institute of Technology.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
While I have nothing against Turley Zinfandels, the wines are a very specific type: big, brawny and fairly high in alcohol.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 23, 2016)
Not surprisingly, those qualities bristled throughout the brawny, intense account he led of Tchaikovsky’s Fourth Symphony.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. <非正>健壮的; 肌肉发达的; 严重肿胀的; 顽强的
级别：brawnier, brawniest
分布：形容词(94%)，名词(6%)
【记】brawn＝brown（adj 棕色的），肌肉结实就是棕色的。
【参】brawn（n 强壮的肌肉，腕力，野猪肉）
adj. 强壮的；肌肉结实的
 - strong, tough

Word: bridal
Front: bridal
[ˈbraɪdl] (14769/16335 -1)
Vocabulary: bridal
(once / 1231 pages)
adjn
Use the adjective bridal to talk about a wedding or a bride. A bridal bouquet is the arrangement of flowers the bride carries during a wedding ceremony.
Usually the word bridal describes anything having to do with a bride, like the bridal veil or the bridal party, or the bride's friends and family. Sometimes bridal refers to the newlywed couple, like the bridal suite they might stay in at a hotel on their honeymoon. Remember, bridal has nothing to do with horses — that's bridle, which sounds the same but means part of a harness.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
bridal / bridle
Bridal is related to a bride, but bridle refers to a part of a horse's harness and what you do with it. Although the words sound the same, they run in different circles unless you're getting a horse ready for her wedding.
Bridal refers to something to do with a bride or a wedding. It comes from the Old English word brydealo for wedding feast. It's formed from bryd, for bride, and ealo, or ale, which was often drunk at wedding feasts. Here's bridal in the news:
There are bridal trends that will never go away, such as the classic white gown and the big balloon skirt. (ABC News)
Forgo the champagne treatment a bridal boutique often provides. (Associated Press)
"I wanted nothing bridal, nothing white," Mr. Alexandre said. (New York Times)
The word bridle also comes from an Old English word, meaning "to move quickly."  Used as a noun, bridle is part of a horse's harness. As a verb, it can be used to mean restrain, as you would a horse in its bridle. If you bridle at something, you're angry or offended.
Before the tent sits a cavalier, glass in hand and holding a horse by the bridle, talking to a woman standing in front of him. (Esther Singleton)
As a result, I instantly bridle at news the government could sell off these beautiful and therapeutic spaces in search of a quick buck. (BusinessGreen.com)
You can think of this form of bridal as bride + -al, and all of the stuff that goes with a wedding, but bridle is the thing that restrains a horse, and what you might do if someone tried to put a leather harness on your head.
WORD FAMILY
bridal: bridally, bridals+/bride: bridal, brides
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Friday before, Sloan’s fourth day at the Guest House, Baldwin drove him to a David’s Bridal and helped him arrange himself on a chair.
New York Times(Jan 03, 2017)
Turn an empty storefront into a pop-up bridal boutique.
Slate(Dec 04, 2016)
In 2011, she announced she was starting a sustainable bridal jewelry line using ethically sourced Canadian diamonds.
New York Times(Dec 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 新婚的，婚礼的; 新人的，新娘的
n. 婚礼，结婚仪式; 〈古〉喜筵
分布：新娘的(55%)，婚礼的(45%)
→来自古英语bride ale, 新娘婚宴用酒。
adjective [before noun]
■of a woman about to be married, or of a marriage ceremony 新娘的；婚礼的
• The magazine had a section on bridal wear (= the clothes that a woman wears at her marriage). 这本杂志有一栏专讲新娘礼服。
• We stayed in the hotel's bridal suite (= the rooms for recently married people). 我们住饭店的新婚套房。
adj. 新娘的；婚礼的
 - nuptial
n. 婚礼
 - wedding, matrimony

Word: cartilage
Front: cartilage
[ˈkɑ:tɪlɪdʒ] (12471/22293 -1)
Vocabulary: cartilage
(once / 2944 pages)
n
Cartilage is the strong but bendable tissue found in various parts of your body, such as the joints. Your outer ear is made of cartilage, which is why you can pull on and bend it.
Whenever you run or jump, thank your cartilage. It's the strong but stretchy tissue that supports your joints so you don't just fall to the ground in a heap. Cartilage also gives your nose its shape. And when you have a cold, you can blow that nose forcefully without hurting it because your cartilage also supports your honker.
WORD FAMILY
cartilage: cartilages, cartilaginous
USAGE EXAMPLES
And there, they might find a 3D printer ready to build new bone or cartilage in their bodies.
Nature(Dec 06, 2016)
Xavier: Sophomore forward Kaiser Gates moved much better in his second game back from surgery to repair torn cartilage in his left knee.
Washington Times(Nov 29, 2016)
The minimally invasive procedure can help heal tendon, ligament, cartilage or bone injuries.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: n. <解>软骨; 软骨结构
分布：软骨(100%)
→可能来自PIE *sker, 围，转，编织，词源同cradle,coronet. 因骨软而命名。
US ['kɑr.tˌəl] noun countable or uncountable
■(a piece of) a type of strong stretchy tissue found in humans in the joints (= places where two bones are connected) and other places such as the nose, throat and ears 软骨（组织）
• He has a torn cartilage in his knee. 他膝部软骨撕裂。
n. [解剖] 软骨
 - gristle

Word: carriageway
Front: carriageway
[ˈkærɪdʒweɪ] (46319/10324 -1)
Back: n. 车道，马路
分布：名词(100%)
US ['ker-] UK
noun countable
■one of the two halves of a motorway or other wide road 单向行车道
n. 车道；马路
 - road, driveway

Word: cardholder
Front: cardholder
[ˈkɑ:dhəʊldə(r)] (25612/39995)
Back: n. 持有信用卡的人，持有正式成员证的人，（持卡可获得某种权利的）持卡人
分布：持有正式成员证的人(50%)，持有信用卡的人(50%)
US ['kɑ:rdˌhoʊl.dɚ] noun countable
■someone who has been given permission to use a card which allows them to do something, especially a cheque card or a credit card （尤指支票保付卡或信用卡的）持卡人

Word: cartography
Front: cartography
[kɑ:ˈtɒgrəfi] (21611/35834)
Vocabulary: cartography
(once / 17936 pages)
n
Have you ever tried to draw a map of your neighborhood? If you’re drawing your map to scale, taking into account every little hill and valley, you can appreciate the challenge of cartography, the science of making maps.
You may think cartography has gone the way of the dodo bird, now that we’ve got Google maps and GPS devices. You don’t have to draw maps by hand anymore, but you still need cartography skills to turn digital representations into something people can use with ease. While the word cartography dates only from the mid-19th century, maps were around for a long, long time before that. Cartography comes from the French carte, “map,” and -graphie, “writing.”
WORD FAMILY
cartography: cartographer, cartographical+/ cartographer: cartographers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Today’s cartography is more accurate than the fanciful renderings of the Red Planet made before modern telescopes.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Finding one’s way around is essential , but our understanding of cities does not always correlate to the descriptions offered by plans and cartography.
The Guardian(Nov 18, 2016)
From the first map of Mars in 1831 to a new gravity map released in March, cartography has shaped how we understand the red planet.
National Geographic(Oct 19, 2016)
Back: n. 制图学，制图法
分布：制图学(71%)，地图制作(18%)，制图法(11%)
→carto, 同chart. -graph, 写。
US [kɑ:r'tɑ:.grə-] noun uncountable
■the science or art of making or drawing maps 制图学；制图法
n. 地图制作，制图； [测] 制图学，绘图法
 - graphics, drafting

Word: carrion
Front: carrion
[ˈkæriən] (托宝 21344/23501)
Vocabulary: carrion
(once / 3589 pages)
n
The noun carrion refers to the dead and rotting flesh of an animal. Ever seen a dead opossum or cat in the road? You can call that road kill carrion.
The word carrion comes from a Latin word caro, which means "meat," but carrion is usually considered unfit for human consumption. Birds of prey and other opportunistic animals will often have carrion as part of their diet, however. Sometimes the word carrion is used a little more metaphorically: "The soldiers were unable to retrieve the bodies of their fallen brothers, so they were left on the field of battle like so much carrion."
WORD FAMILY
carrion: carrions
USAGE EXAMPLES
We contend that such outlets are no true replacement for the naturally random food pulses associated with wildlife carrion.
Nature(Dec 20, 2016)
Last year, Baltimore Circuit Judge Audrey Carrion ruled in favor of the developer.
Washington Times(Dec 18, 2016)
In a letter to Mr. de Blasio, Ms. Carrión said she was leaving for her “well-being” and noted “tremendous strides.”
New York Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 动物尸体的腐肉; 污秽的东西
adj. 腐肉的; 腐臭的; 吃腐肉的; 腐败的
分布：腐肉(67%)，腐肉的(24%)，以腐肉为生的(9%)
腐肉(carr肉+ion)[-ion 1.表名词"动作或状态“2.表示"某种物,用品"]
【记】carr＝carn肉－腐肉car车，rion＝lion狮子：车把狮子撞死了，过几天就变成－腐肉
US ['ker-] noun uncountable
■dead or decaying flesh 腐尸；腐肉
adj. 腐肉的；腐朽的
 - doty, sloughy
n. 腐肉；臭尸；不洁之物
 - slough

Word: chauvinistic
Front: chauvinistic
[ˌʃəʊvɪ'nɪstɪk] (宝 27608/33277)
Vocabulary: chauvinistic
(once / 47278 pages)
adj
The adjective chauvinistic is useful for describing people who strongly believe in the superiority of their own gender or kind. A chauvinistic man might say women are too emotional to hold stressful jobs.
If you believe that your gender, culture, country, or group is inherently better than another, you are chauvinistic, which is pronounced "sho-van-IS-tick." Chauvinistic is used often to describe sexism, but it also means extreme patriotism, or the belief that your country is better than others. In fact, the root is the French chauvinisme, "exaggerated, blind patriotism," which comes from Nicholas Chauvin, a famously nationalistic Napoleonic soldier.
WORD FAMILY
chauvinistic: chauvinistically+/ chauvinism: chauvinisms, chauvinist, chauvinistic / chauvinist: chauvinists
USAGE EXAMPLES
They said the protest was against the Roman Catholic Church's "antidemocratic and chauvinistic" positions.
BBC(Dec 16, 2016)
And defense conservatism is a chauvinistic belief that America is for Americans and foreigners had better watch their step.
Salon(Nov 03, 2016)
Even so, Vladimir Putin’s chauvinistic approach to politics has a certain appeal to some — at home and abroad.
Nature(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: adj. 盲目的爱国心的，沙文主义的
分布：沙文主义的(70%)，盲目爱国的(30%)
adj. 沙文主义的；盲目爱国的
 - jingoish

Word: censorious
Front: censorious
[senˈsɔ:riəs] (32019/24552)
Vocabulary: censorious
(once / 8814 pages)
adj
Censorious, an adjective, describes people who are so critical, they find something wrong in everything. Do not let censorious guests come to your next dinner party!
Censorious, pronounced "sen-SOAR-ee-us," comes from the Latin word censura, meaning "judgment." Someone who is censorious judges everyone and everything, ruining everyone's good time with harsh criticisms. The sky is too blue. Your dog is too friendly. The zebra has too many stripes. You get the idea. A censorious person makes others say, "So...is there anything you do like?"
WORD FAMILY
censorious: censoriously+/ censor: censored, censorial, censoring, censorious, censors, censorship /censored: uncensored/censoring: censorings/ censorship: censorships
USAGE EXAMPLES
For Fox, a “safe space” is a censorious exclusionary zone.
The Guardian(Nov 28, 2016)
Mr. Bayes called such commedia stylized, codified, desperate — though there is a kindness about him, and he sounded sympathetic, not censorious.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
There was no official recognition that the calls to have us fired could be seen as illiberal or censorious.
Washington Post(Oct 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 苛评的，吹毛求疵的
分布：苛评的(50%)，爱挑剔的(50%)
挑剔的(censor+ious→用审查员的[眼光]看→挑剔的)[cens=judge表示"判断"]
【反】eulogistic（adj 颂扬的；歌功颂德的）
adj. 挑剔的；受批判的（名词censoriousness，副词censoriously）
 - particular, picky

Word: chinchilla
Front: chinchilla
[tʃɪnˈtʃɪlə] (35867/47184)
Back: n. 南美洲栗鼠
分布：栗鼠毛皮(100%)
→来自西班牙语，指一种南美啮齿动物。词源同拉丁词cimex, 臭虫。-illa, 小词后缀。
noun countable
■a small South American animal with very soft, pale grey fur that has a high value （南美洲的）绒鼠，毛丝鼠

Word: chivalry
Front: chivalry
[ˈʃɪvəlri] (托宝 22033/15757)
Vocabulary: chivalry
(once / 476 pages)
n
Men behaving courteously toward women — holding the door for them, offering them their jackets when it's cold — is called chivalry. Many women consider chivalry a lost art. Nice work, fellas.
Cavalry (soldiers on horseback) and chivalry have the same root: the Medieval Latin word caballarius, meaning "horseman" or "knight." In the Middle Ages, a knight was expected to be brave, loyal, and to open the tavern door for his date. Picture a knight kneeling before a maiden and kissing her hand. It's a classic image of chivalry from the storybooks. Some women wonder whether chivalry has ever existed anywhere else.
WORD FAMILY
chivalry: chivalric, chivalries, chivalrous +/ chivalrous: chivalrously, unchivalrous/unchivalrous: unchivalrously
USAGE EXAMPLES
All my chivalry, goodness, gentlemanliness only stems from the fact that it’s my way of saying thank you.
The Guardian(Dec 19, 2016)
There’s one entry into the neighborhood on Chivalry Drive.
Washington Post(Nov 21, 2016)
Like many of us Nasty Women of a certain age and weight, Clinton is not sheltered by such cowboy chivalry.
The Guardian(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. （中世纪的）骑士制度; 骑士气概，骑士品质
分布：骑士精神(71%)，骑士制度(29%)
→来自拉丁词caballus, 马，指骑马的战士。-ry, 名词后缀。
noun uncountable
■very polite, honest and fair behaviour, especially shown by men towards women 骑士风度；（尤指男人对女人的）殷勤，彬彬有礼
■the system of behaviour followed by knights in the medieval period of history, that put a high value on purity, honour, kindness and bravery 骑士精神；骑士制度
• the age of chivalry 骑士时代
n. 骑士精神（复数chivalries）；骑士制度
 - errantry

Word: chancery
Front: chancery
[ˈtʃɑ:nsəri] (28017/12774)
Back: n. 大法官法庭
分布：衡平法院(48%)，大法官法庭(26%)，档案室(26%)
→词源同chancellor. -ery, 地方后缀。
n. （英）大法官法庭；（美）衡平法院；档案馆；大臣官邸
 - archive

Word: dahlia
Front: dahlia
[ˈdeɪliə] (19215/26858 -1)
Back: n. [植]大丽花; 天竺牡丹
分布：天竺牡丹(100%)
→来自其发现者18世纪瑞典植物学家Anders Dahl. -ia,花属名，词源同fuchsia.
US ['deɪl.jə] noun countable
■a brightly-coloured garden flower with long thin petals in a shape like a ball 大丽花属

Word: deactivate
Front: deactivate
[ˌdi:ˈæktɪveɪt] (宝 22532/39703)
Back: vt. 解除动员; 使无效; 复员; 使不活动
时态：deactivated, deactivating, deactivates
分布：使无效(51%)，使不活动(33%)，解散部队(16%)
→de-, 离开。act, 做。
【记】de不，act行动－使不行动－遣散；使无效
【反】potentiate（v 使更有效）
verb transitive
■to cause something to be no longer active or effective 使无效，使失效
• All chemical weapons facilities will be deactivated. 所有化学武器设施都将进行处理使其失效。
vt. 使无效；使不活动；遣散；复员
 - invalidate, nullify

Word: degenerative
Front: degenerative
[dɪˈdʒenərətɪv] (18522/24715)
Back: adj. 退步的，变质的，退化的
分布：退化的(100%)
→来自degenerate,堕落，恶化。用于形容疾病恶化的。
退化的;变坏的(degenerate+ive)[gen,gener,genit=birth,produce,表示"出生,产生"]
US [-ɚ.ə.tˌɪv] adjective
■describes an illness in which the body or a part of the body gradually stops working （疾病）变性的，退化性的
• a degenerative disease/condition 变性疾病
adj. 退化的；变质的；退步的
 - turned, vestigial

Word: conservator
Front: conservator
[kənˈsɜ:vətə(r)] (19352/28603)
Back: n. 保护者，（博物馆的）管理员，（公共福利的）监督官
分布：管理员(48%)，保护者(31%)，管理委员(21%)
n. [法] 保护者；管理员
 - controller, shield

Word: dilettante
Front: dilettante
[ˌdɪləˈtænti] (宝 27819/34000)
Vocabulary: dilettante
(once / 6015 pages)
nadj
Though dilettante might sound like a nice French word, don't use it on your friend who thinks he can play the guitar after several short lessons. A dilettante is an amateur, often one who pretends to be very knowledgeable.
The meaning of dilettante has changed since it was borrowed from the Italian in the mid 1700s. Originally, it meant "lover of the arts," but began to take on a negative slant as the idea of doing something as a professional took hold strongly during the 18th century. A dilettante was a mere lover of art as opposed to one who did it professionally. Today, the word implies you're pretending to be more of an artist than you're interested in or capable of being, so if you call your friend who likes to paint a dilettante, it's like you're calling him or her a poser.
WORD FAMILY
dilettante: dilettanteish, dilettantes, dilettanti, dilettantish+/dilettantish: dilettantishly
USAGE EXAMPLES
While viewers were meant to hate him as a dilettante, his monologues resonated years later.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
Leaf form may be the province of the dilettante, but color is not: It’s a primary consideration.
Washington Post(Oct 25, 2016)
And now a political dilettante clown is, god help us, the Republican Party nominee.
US News(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: <一般贬>浅薄的涉猎者，闹着玩的人，半吊子
分布：业余爱好者(49%)，浅薄的(19%)，业余的(14%)，浅薄涉猎者(9%)，艺术爱好者(9%)
→来自意大利语deletto, 愉快，高兴，词源同delight, delicious. 原指爱好者，后词义贬义化。
【记】dilet＝delect＝delight（n 快乐；v 使高兴）－为了快乐做事的人－业余爱好者di弟弟，let让，tante谈谈：我弟弟这个半瓶子醋竟然要我跟他谈谈人生与理想和成人的话题，这不是班门弄斧吗？
【参】delectable（adj 使人愉快的）
[ˌdɪl.ə'tæn.ti] (plural dilettantes or dilettanti) usually disapproving
noun countable
■a person who is or seems to be interested in a subject, but whose understanding of it is not very deep 半吊子，浅薄的爱好者
• He's a bit of a dilettante as far as wine is concerned. 就对酒的研究而言，他只是有点爱好而已。
n. 业余爱好者；一知半解者
 - hobbyist, amateur
adj. 浅薄的；业余艺术爱好的
 - injudicious, unreflecting

Word: devotional
Front: devotional
[dɪˈvəʊʃənl] (宝 17179/24689)
Back: adj. 专心的; 献身的; 信仰的; 虔诚的
分布：虔诚的(61%)，祷告的(18%)，信仰的(15%)，简短的祈祷(6%)
虔诚的(devotion献身+al)[vot=vow,表示"发誓"]
US [-'voʊ-] adjective
■connected with the act of religious worship 宗教礼拜的，祈祷的
• devotional music/poems/practices 礼拜音乐／诗歌／仪式
adj. 虔诚的，祷告的；信仰的；献身的
 - religious, dedicated, good

Word: delicatessen
Front: delicatessen
[ˌdelɪkəˈtesn] (25020/21587)
Vocabulary: delicatessen
(once / 17459 pages)
n
A delicatessen is a small market where you can buy prepared food, sandwiches, sliced meat and cheese, and other food items. Your morning routine might include a stop at the delicatessen for a toasted bagel.
A delicatessen is a specialty food shop that often specializes in traditionally Jewish, Italian, or German foods. While you can stock up on bread, milk, and other stapes at many delicatessens, they're best known for unusual ethnic foods and prepared sandwiches and salads. The word delicatessen comes from the German delikatessen, which is plural for delikatesse, "delicacy" or "fine food."
WORD FAMILY
delicatessen: delicatessens
USAGE EXAMPLES
A week earlier, on Dec. 1, Maureen Luke, the owner of the popular Maureen’s Delicatessen, passed away at the age of 65.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
One delicatessen supermarket stocks only imported goods from Italy, Spain and the US.
BBC(Sep 12, 2016)
The food body said the product is mainly supplied to hotels, restaurants, specialist cheese shops and delicatessens.
The Guardian(Sep 08, 2016)
Back: n. 熟食店
分布：熟食(56%)，熟食店(44%)
→词源同delicious, 美味的。用来指熟食店。
[ˌdel.ɪ.kə'tes.ən] (informal deli)
noun countable
■a small shop that sells high quality foods, such as types of cheese and cold cooked meat, which often come from other countries （出售高品质的进口起司和冷冻熟肉的）熟食店
n. 熟食；现成的食品
 - cooked food, take-away

Word: deluxe
Front: deluxe
[də'lʌks] (12902/33910 -1)
Vocabulary: deluxe
(once / 16147 pages)
adj
Something that's extra fancy or of very high quality is deluxe. If you upgrade to a deluxe hotel room, it will be bigger, more luxurious, and probably have a great view.
You're most likely to find deluxe describing a spa, hotel, car, or house. When any of these things is deluxe, it goes beyond the ordinary to provide a superior, luxurious experience. A deluxe home might have thousands of square feet and an in-ground pool, and a deluxe cruise probably includes a large berth and gourmet food. Deluxe comes from the French de luxe, "of luxury," from the Latin luxe, "excess or abundance."
WORD FAMILY
deluxe
USAGE EXAMPLES
Around the same time, a deluxe edition of his career-defining Purple Rain album will be released, featuring outtakes and unreleased tracks from the film.
BBC(Dec 27, 2016)
This includes solo album Twenty Five at number six, and Wham! records The Final and its deluxe edition featuring at five and 10 respectively.
The Guardian(Dec 27, 2016)
“Pool is holding at a nearby McDonalds, whose localized breakfast menu includes a deluxe breakfast that includes Spam,” wrote Mr. Harris.
Washington Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 高级的; 豪华的
分布：豪华的(59%)，高级的(41%)
(also de luxe) [dɪ'lʌks] adjective [usually before noun]
■very comfortable and of very high quality 豪华的，高档的
• a deluxe hotel in Paris 巴黎的豪华饭店
adj. 高级的；豪华的，奢华的
 - senior, advanced, high, grand
adv. 豪华地
 - luxuriously, sumptuously

Word: delphic

Word: dialog
Front: dialog
['daɪəlɒg] (研四六 16198/29502)
Vocabulary: dialog
(once / 17180 pages)
n
If the dialog in a movie doesn't ring true, it can affect the way you feel about the whole story. Dialog is any conversation in a book, film or play.
Dialog is more commonly spelled dialogue, but either way it means "lines spoken by a character" or a conversation, either between fictional characters or real people. You might have a dialog with your boss if you're unhappy with your work hours and want to sit down and discuss your schedule. Dialog comes straight from the Greek dialogos with pretty much the same meaning, although it was originally used to mean a very formal type of speech or conversation.
WORD FAMILY
dialog: dialogs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Whether this differential impact on the U.S. is intended or not by the participants in such policy dialogs is unclear and somewhat irrelevant.
Slate(Dec 02, 2016)
Cudos to E Badger for this dialog and, as I see it, an accounting of the demise of my country.
New York Times(Nov 02, 2016)
He predicts that within perhaps two years, people and bots powered by artificial intelligence will conduct complex dialogs.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. 会话，对话; 问答，对白; 问答题，对话体; “dialogue”的变体
v. 对话; 用对话表达
分布：对话(99%)，对白(1%)
n.(dialogue)对话,对白In the college, I alleged that I recollected the dialog in dialect about the dial collection.在学院里我宣称忆起关于收集到度盘用方言进行的对话.
n. 对话；会话
 - conversation, sesion

Word: divider
Front: divider
[dɪˈvaɪdə(r)] (18442/22653)
Back: n. 分割者; 间隔物; 分配器; 圆规
分布：分频器(57%)，除法器(33%)，分线规.(5%)，分配物(5%)
N-COUNT
分隔物;分开物;隔板
A divider is something which forms a barrier between two areas or sets of things.
例：A curtain acted as a divider between this class and another.帘子作为分隔物将这间教室和另一间分开。
例：...room dividers.房间隔板
N-PLURAL
分线规;两脚规
Dividers are an instrument used for measuring lines and for marking points along them. Dividers consist of two pointed arms joined with a hinge.
n. [计] 除法器； [电] 分隔物；圆规
 - bow compass, calliper

Word: dryer
Front: dryer
['draɪə(r)] (9605/15885 -1)
Back: n. 干燥机; 烘干机; 干燥剂; 干燥工
adj. 更干的( dry的比较级); 干性的; 干咳的; 无趣味的
分布：干衣机(58%)，吹风机(32%)，干燥剂(8%)，=drier.(2%)
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a machine that dries things 烘干机
• a hair dryer （吹干头发用的）吹风机
• a grain dryer 粮食烘干机
• Put those damp clothes in the (tumble) dryer. 把那些湿衣服放到（滚筒式）烘干机里去。
n. [化工] [服装] 烘干机； [助剂] [涂料] 干燥剂
 - laundry drier, drying agent

Word: dovish
Front: dovish
[ˈdʌvɪʃ] (31966/-)
Back: adj. 鸽派的，稳健的
分布：鸽派的(85%)，支持和平主义的(15%)

Word: disembowel
Front: disembowel
[ˌdɪsɪmˈbaʊəl] (-/37925)
Back: vt. 除去（或取出）…的肠子（或内脏等）
时态：disembowelled, disembowelling, disembowels
分布：取出 ... 的内脏(34%)，开 ... 的膛(33%)，去掉 ... 的意义或本质(33%)
→dis-, 不，非，使相反。em-, 进入。bowel, 肠，内脏。
[ˌdɪs.ɪm'baʊ.əl] (-ll- or US USUALLY -l-)
verb transitive
■to remove the stomach and bowels from a dead animal, or to kill a person in this way, especially in the past as a punishment 除去（动物）的内脏；（尤指旧时作为刑罚）开（某人）的膛
vt. 取出…的内脏
 - viscerate

Word: divinely
Front: divinely
[dɪ'vaɪnlɪ] (20297/22456)
Back: adv. 像神一样地，庄严地，凭神的力量
分布：像神一样地(50%)，凭藉神的力量地(50%)
adv. 凭神的力量；象神一样地；庄严地；极好地
 - prime, solemnly

Word: duce
Front: duce
['du:tʃɪ] None
Back: n. <意>首领，领袖
分布：领袖(100%)
n. （意）领袖；首领
 - leader, chief, captain, boss

Word: earthling
Front: earthling
[ˈɜ:θlɪŋ] (25586/42065)
Vocabulary: earthling
(once / 22818 pages)
n
An earthling is someone who lives on the planet Earth. In science fiction books and movies, people are called earthlings to distinguish them from aliens. E.T. was definitely not an earthling.
You're most likely to come across the word earthling in fiction, since we more often refer to ourselves as "people" or "humans," assuming that we are all from Earth. In science fiction, though, some characters come from other planets or galaxies and aren't actually earthlings. Earthling has an Old English root, yrþling, or "plowman," and in 1949 the author Robert Heinlein first used earthling in a science fiction context.
WORD FAMILY
earthling: earthlings+/ earth: earthed, earthing, earthlike, earthling, earthly, earths, earthy, unearth / earthly: earthlier, earthliest, unearthly / earthy: earthier, earthiest, earthily/ unearth: unearthed, unearthing, unearths/ unearthly: unearthlily
USAGE EXAMPLES
“For the average earthling,” she wrote, “visiting this planet might not be much fun.”
New York Times(Dec 07, 2016)
It all started with one Earthling, series creator Joel Hodgson, and his gang of lovable robot puppets.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 23, 2016)
But all of this seems a decidedly remote possibility at the moment, with many of us Earthlings preoccupied with more immediate, less lofty matters.
New York Times(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: n. （科幻小说中外星球人谈话时使用的）地球人
分布：凡人(60%)，俗人(40%)
→earth, 地球，土地。-ling, 小，见underling.
US ['ɝ:θ-] noun countable
■in stories, a human being, especially when talked to or talked about by a creature from another planet （尤指故事中外星人对人类的称呼）地球人
n. 世人，俗人；凡人，居住在地球上的人
 - laity, vulgarian

Word: erectile
Front: erectile
[ɪˈrektaɪl] (22538/-)
Back: adj. 可使直立的，勃起的
分布：勃起的(67%)，可直立的(33%)
US [-təl] specialized
adjective
■Body tissue or parts of the body which are erectile are able to be filled with blood, making them larger and harder than usual. （躯体组织或部位）能勃起的

Word: empathetic
Front: empathetic
[empə'θetɪk] (17215/34377)
Vocabulary: empathetic
(once / 40898 pages)
adj
An empathetic person is someone who can share another person's feelings. If you tell an empathetic person that your heart is broken, she might touch her own heart and gaze at you sadly through moist eyes.
Empathetic is a recent term; it comes from empathy, which was coined by the German philosopher Rudolf Lotze in 1858. Lotze believed that when you look at a work of art, you project your own sensibilities onto it. So if you feel sad when you see a painting of a woman weeping over a dying lover, that's because you can imagine what it's like to lose someone you love. To make the word, Lotze turned to the ancient Greek empatheia, which means "passion."
WORD FAMILY
empathetic: empathetically+/ empathize: empathized, empathizes, empathizing/ empathy: empathetic, empathies, empathise, empathize
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ms. Olivarez hopes that by being open about her own challenges, people might become empathetic to others suffering with mental illnesses.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
The St. Matthew is the more openhearted, empathetic work; the St. John remains a little frightening.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
"But when we need to be empathetic and we need to be human, we've got to do that too."
Los Angeles Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 移情作用的，感情移入的
分布：移情作用的(51%)，感情移入的(35%)，=empathic.(14%)
ADJ-GRADED
移情的;有同感的;能产生共鸣的
Someone who is empathetic has the ability to share another person's feelings or emotions as if they were their own.
例：...Clinton's skills as an empathetic listener.克林顿作为倾听者能够与对方感同身受的本领

Word: escapism
Front: escapism
[ɪˈskeɪpɪzəm] (宝 25197/22454)
Vocabulary: escapism
(once / 21490 pages)
n
Escapism is the tendency to withdraw from the world into daydreams or entertainment. If you find yourself watching hours of TV every day, you should ask yourself: is it escapism, or just a really exciting show?
When life gets difficult, escapism gives people a way to take a break from reality. A person's escapism might consist of playing video games, reading books, or fantasizing about living in a foreign country. Some see escapism as negative, hiding an underlying sadness or depression, while others insist that everyone indulges in escapism to some extent. The word was first used in the 1930s by US psychologists.
WORD FAMILY
escapism: escapist +/ escape: escaped, escapee, escapes, escaping, escapism, inescapable /escapee: escapees/ escapist: escapists/ inescapable: inescapably
USAGE EXAMPLES
But it is perhaps the element of fantasy that appeals to young Chinese looking for a little escapism.
BBC(Dec 18, 2016)
Pop Culture Quest is a look at the nature of fandom and, as Hamill tells the Guardian, the escapism it provides..
The Guardian(Dec 18, 2016)
And I think that’s a more powerful idea than that of mere escapism.
New York Times(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 逃避现实，空想
分布：逃避现实(69%)，逃避主义(31%)
逃难现实(escape逃难)[-ism名词1.表示"主义,宗教"2.表示"学术,流派"3.表示"行为,现象,状态"4.表示"疾病"5.表示"具备某种牲质"]
noun uncountable
■when someone avoids an unpleasant or boring life, especially by thinking, reading, etc. about more exciting but impossible activities （尤指透过幻想、阅读等达到的）逃避现实，解脱
• These adventure films are pure escapism. 这些冒险电影是纯娱乐性的。
• For many people going on holiday is a form of escapism. 对于很多人来说，渡假是一种解脱方式。
n. 逃避现实，空想；逃避主义
 - imagination, revery

Word: enceladus

Word: fairytale
Front: fairytale
[ˈfeəriteil] (-/22549)
Vocabulary: fairytale
(once / 21608 pages)
n
A fairytale is a magical story for children, like "Cinderella" or "Rumpelstiltskin." If you read a story that begins, "Once upon a time," chances are it's a fairytale.
A story doesn't have to include any fairies at all to be considered a fairytale. Fairytales are typically full of magic spells, princesses, talking animals, evil queens, witches, and goblins. Disney would probably not be in business if it weren't for fairytales. You can also use the word to describe some part of real life that seems almost magical, like a "fairytale romance."
WORD FAMILY
fairytale: fairytales
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Winter’s Tale Shakespeare’s tragicomedy about court intrigue, romance and obsession, reimagined as a fairytale.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
As with any great work of art, “Fairytale” speaks to a universal experience.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
A giant lit up fairytale holiday tree dominates the room.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: adj. 童话式的，童话中才有的，优美无比的
分布：童话式的(100%)

Word: executor
Front: executor
[ɪgˈzekjətə(r)] (20034/12511 -1)
Vocabulary: executor
(once / 1814 pages)
n
You're most likely to hear the word executor in an attorney's office, since it means a person who is legally responsible for ensuring that a will's directions are followed.
The executor of a will is in charge of making sure that people listed as beneficiaries — in other words, the people who inherit money or property — receive what has been willed to them. When writing a will, most people will choose a responsible adult to be executor. The Latin root, executionem, means "an accomplishing" or "a carrying out."
WORD FAMILY
executor: executors+/executable: executability/executant: executants/ execute: executable, executant, executed, executes, executing, execution, executive, executor / execution: executioner, executions/ executioner: executioners/ executive: executively, executives
USAGE EXAMPLES
As seductive as the idea and as likable as its executor are, the anthology is handicapped by two serious problems.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
Answer: No one is forced to become an executor.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Her friend and executor, the actress June Gable, said that the cause was complications of a fall Ms. Drummond sustained about two months ago.
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: n. 执行者; 实行者; 遗嘱执行人
分布：名词(100%)
→来自execute,执行。词义用来指执行遗嘱。
遗嘱执行人(execute执行)[-or表名词"人或物器",在一些词根前写成"-ator"]
US [-jə.tˌɚ] legal
noun countable
■someone who makes sure that things are done according to the wishes in a dead person's will 遗嘱执行人
n. 执行者； [法] 遗嘱执行人
 - performer

Word: faecal
Front: faecal
['fi:kl] (46086/9416)
Back: adj. 排泄物的，渣滓的
分布：排泄物的(60%)，渣滓的(30%)，=fecal.(10%)
adj. 渣滓的；排泄物的（等于fecal）
 - recremental, fecal

Word: fisk

Word: gad
Front: gad
[gæd] (-/44727)
Back: v. 闲逛; 游荡; 找乐子; 用铁棒刺
n. 游荡，錾，（赶牲畜用的）尖头棒
int. 表示轻微的咒骂或惊讶，God 的变形
时态：gadded, gadding, gads
分布：游荡(46%)，闲逛(33%)，尖头棒(14%)，钢楔(7%)
→来自ghei, 刺，词源同gar, goad. 游荡义词源不详，可能是来自放牛，游荡，漫游。
noun countable old-fashioned humorous 2. Where have you been, you young gadabout! 你到哪里去了，你这个小游民！
n. 游荡；錾；尖头棒
 - loaf
vi. 游荡；闲逛；蔓延
 - potter about, louse around

Word: forklift
Front: forklift
['fɔ:klɪft] (19751/37435)
Back: n. <美>铲车，叉式升降机; 叉车
分布：叉车(75%)，铲车(25%)
n. 铲车；堆高机； [机] 叉式升降机
 - stacking machine

Word: fourteenth
Front: fourteenth
[ˌfɔ:'ti:nθ] (12175/7850 -4)
Back: num. 第十四
n. 第十四; 每月的第十四日; 十四分之一
adj. 第十四的; 十四分之一的
分布：第十四(81%)，十四分之一(17%)，每月的第十四天(2%)
US [ˌfɔ:r-/ UK ['--] ordinal number
■14th written as a word 第十四（的）
UK [ˌfɔ:'ti:nθ] US [ˌfɔ:r-/ UK ['--] noun countable
■one of fourteen equal parts of something 十四分之一

Word: forearm
Front: forearm
[ˈfɔ:rɑ:m] (7895/12648 -1)
Back: n. 前臂
vt. 预先武装，预先准备
时态：forearmed, forearming, forearms
分布：前臂(100%)
→fore-,在前。arm, 胳膊。
前人,祖先(fore+amr胳膊)[fore-表示"前面,预先"]
US ['fɔ:r.ɑ:rm] noun countable
■the lower part of the arm, between the wrist and the elbow (= the middle of the arm where it bends) 前臂
n. [解剖] 前臂
 - antebrachium, cubitus
vt. 预先武装；准备
 - provide, fix

Word: fontainebleau

Word: filtration
Front: filtration
[fɪlˈtreɪʃn] (16074/10892)
Back: n. 过滤; 筛选; 滤清; 滤除
分布：过滤(100%)
noun uncountable
■the act of filtering something 过滤；滤除
• a filtration unit/plant 过滤器／厂
• The technology exists to remove all of these contaminants through filtration. 这项技术就是利用过滤的方法除去这些污染物。
n. [化工] 过滤；筛选
 - percolation, colation

Word: geordie

Word: germinate
Front: germinate
[ˈdʒɜ:mɪneɪt] (托宝 17457/19736 -1)
Vocabulary: germinate
(once / 2949 pages)
v
To germinate is to grow or to develop. When a tiny seedling cracks through a seed casing and sprouts, it has germinated. The term is used for other things too, like when an idea germinates into a film or book.
Sometimes you want things to germinate, like the heirloom tomato seeds in your backyard garden. Sometimes what germinates is not desirable — like how joblessness, economic problems, and generations of anti-Semitism provided a fertile ground for Nazism to germinate in pre-war Germany. The word's roots are in botany, but it has grown, or dare we say germinated, to be used for any time something grows and develops.
WORD FAMILY
germinate: germinated, germinates, germinating, germination+/ germ: germinal, germinate, germs, germy/ germinal: germinally/germination: germinations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Those books took a lifetime to germinate and 16 years to write, culminating in his Pulitzer win.
The Guardian(Nov 20, 2016)
“What it has done is burn off that old overstory and release a lot of the other seed to germinate.”
Washington Times(Nov 11, 2016)
It suggests vibrations during launch, temperature fluctuations, cosmic rays and microgravity do not prevent seeds from germinating and growing.
BBC(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: vt. 使发芽; 使发育; 使发展
vi. 发芽; 生长; 发育
时态：germinated, germinating, germinates
分布：发芽(97%)，开始生长(3%)
→来自germ, 萌芽。
发芽,发育(germin[=germ]+ate表动词→种子动→发芽)[germ=seed,表示"种子"]
【记】germ（n 微生物；萌芽）
【参】germination（n 发芽；萌芽）；germinal（adj 萌芽的；未成熟的）
US ['dʒɝ:-] verb
SEED 种子
intransitive or transitive specialized
■to (cause a seed to) start growing （使）（种子）发芽，萌芽；（使）开始生长
• The beans will only germinate if the temperature is warm enough. 豆只有在温度足够高时才会发芽。
UK ['dʒɜ:.mɪ.neɪt] US ['dʒɝ:-] verb
IDEA 想法
intransitive
■to start developing 开始形成；萌发
• I felt an idea germinating in my head/mind. 我感觉到一个想法开始在脑海中萌生。
vt. 使发芽；使生长
 - grow, bud
vi. 发芽；生长
 - develop, put

Word: geometrical
Front: geometrical
[ˌdʒi:ə'metrɪkl] (六 22692/16135)
Back: adj. 几何的，几何学的; 几何图案的; 成几何级数增加的
分布：几何学的(53%)，几何的(47%)
几何学的(geometry几何学)[-ical表形容词"…的"]

Word: gasification
Front: gasification
[ˌgæsɪfɪ'keɪʃən] (宝 26492/-)
Back: n. 气化; 渗碳
分布：气化(100%)
【参】gaseous（adj 似气体的；不可靠的，不具体的＝tenuous＝indefinite）
【反】solidification（n 凝固）
n. [物] 气化
 - vaporazation, etherealization

Word: grad
Front: grad
[græd] (10355/-)
Back: n. 毕业生，校友; 研究生
分布：毕业生(100%)
noun countable mainly US informal for
■ graduate
n. 毕业生；校友
 - schoolfellow

Word: gladiatorial
Front: gladiatorial
[ˌɡlædɪə'tɔ:rɪəl] (36196/36010)
Back: adj. 斗剑者的，争论的
分布：斗剑者的(75%)，论争的(25%)
US [-'tɔ:r.i-] literary
adjective
■relating to violent fighting in which only one person or group can win 你死我活的；狭路相逢的
• gladiatorial combat 你死我活的战斗
adj. 争论的；斗剑者的
 - contestable, argumentive

Word: gurgle
Front: gurgle
[ˈgɜ:gl] (19827/23357 -1)
Vocabulary: gurgle
(once / 1563 pages)
vn
To gurgle is to make a sound like bubbling or splashing water. Not to be confusing, but when you gargle mouthwash, you probably gurgle.
People gurgle when they say something (or make a noise) with an accompanying wet, gurgling sound. Your stomach might gurgle too, especially when you're hungry. And liquid itself gurgles, like a stream that gurgles over rocks or sweet iced tea that gurgles from a bottle into your glass. Experts aren't sure if gurgle is an imitative word, from the sound itself, or if it's rooted in Latin.
WORD FAMILY
gurgle: gurgled, gurgles, gurgling
USAGE EXAMPLES
My wife noticed every tummy bubble, gurgle and burp, hoping against hope that it was the sound of a new life stirring in her womb.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
At a screening of “The Judge,” Everest stretched his arms toward Robert Downey Jr. and gurgled, “Dada!”
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Around 2 a.m., she started making gurgling sounds and became unresponsive.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 咯咯声; 汩汩声
vi. 汨汨地流; 作咯咯声; 作汩汩声
vt. 用咯咯声表示; 发出咯咯声
时态：gurgled, gurgling, gurgles
分布：咯咯声(56%)，作咯咯声(22%)，汨汨地流(11%)，汨汨声(11%)
→拟声词，模仿水流的声音。比较gargle, gorge.
US ['gɝ:-] verb intransitive
■(of babies) to make a happy sound with the back of the throat, or (of water, especially small streams) to flow quickly while making a low, pleasant sound （婴儿高兴时）发出咯咯声；（尤指溪水）发出汩汩声，发出潺潺流水声
• The baby lay gurgling in her cot. 小女婴躺在婴儿床里高兴地咯咯叫。
• Outside of her window the stream gurgled over the rocks. 在她窗外，一条小溪从岩石间汩汩流淌而过。
n. 咯咯声；汩汩声
 - cackle

Word: globalization
Front: globalization
[ˌgləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃn] (6449/-)
Vocabulary: globalization
(once / 11047 pages)
n
Globalization is the process of ideas, products, and people moving around the planet with greater ease and efficiency. Globalization takes advantage of cheaper labor in less developed nations but increases free trade between nations and the free flow of capital.
Globalization has transcended its traditionally economic concept to be used in many different ways now. The globalization of Barbie began with the opening of a Barbie boutique in Beijing. Use globalization anytime a trend spreads beyond its expected boundaries, reaches beyond expected populations. "At your high school, girls started a trend of wearing hard hats to school every day. Your cousin in Austria mentions girls doing it there. You can joke that the trend has 'gone global.'"
WORD FAMILY
globalize: globalization, globalized, globalizes, globalizing+/conglobate: conglobated, conglobation/ global: globaler, globalise, globalize, globally/globalise: globalisation/ globe: conglobate, global, globes, globular/globular: globularly, globularness
USAGE EXAMPLES
European populists sought to preserve their national institutions against encroaching Europeanization — a term they use sometimes interchangeably with globalization.
Salon(Dec 30, 2016)
A growing backlash against globalization puts Apple and other big multinationals directly in the sightlines of two increasingly combative giants: the United States and China.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
And the Leave vote’s symbolic impact also resonated around the world, since it represented an embrace of nationalism over globalization.
The New Yorker(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: n. 全球化，全球性
分布：全球化(100%)
→来自global, 全球的。
US [ˌgloʊ-] noun uncountable
■the increase of trade around the world, especially by large companies producing and trading goods in many different countries （尤指由于大公司在很多不同国家的生产和销售活动而导致的贸易）全球化
• We must take advantage of the increased globalization of the commodity trading business. 我们一定要好好利用商品贸易日益全球化这一时机。
■when available goods and services, or social and cultural influences, gradually become similar in all parts of the world （商品、服务或社会及文化影响在世界范围的）传播，流传，趋同化
• the globalization of fashion/American youth culture 时尚的全球趋同化／美国青年文化在世界各地的传播

Word: grille
Front: grille
[ɡrɪl] (15670/16134)
Back: n. 格子，格栅; （汽车散热器的）护栅
分布：格栅(99%)，=grill.(1%)
→词源同grill, 烤架。此处指金属网罩。
noun countable
■a frame of metal bars used to cover something such as a window or a machine （窗户、机器等前面的）铁栅栏，护栏，金属网罩
• a security grille 安全护栏
• A grille separated the prisoners from their visitors. 一道铁栅栏将犯人和探监者隔开。
n. 格子；格子窗；（银行，邮局柜台上的） [建] 铁栅
 - grid, latticework

Word: handmaiden
Front: handmaiden
[ˈhændmeɪdn] (26071/35936)
Back: n. 侍女，女仆
分布：侍女(72%)，女仆(20%)，=handmaid.(8%)
noun countable (also handmaid) old use
■a female servant 女仆；侍女
■formal
■something, such as an idea, which helps and supports something else 起辅助（或支援）作用的事物；基础
• Technique is the handmaiden of art. 技巧乃艺术之基础。
n. 侍女；女仆（等于handmaid）
 - lady-in-waiting, tirewoman

Word: honshu
Front: honshu
[ˈhɔnʃu:] None
Back: n. 本州（日本最大的岛屿）
分布：本州(100%)

Word: homicidal
Front: homicidal
[ˌhɒmɪˈsaɪdl] (20804/33230)
Back: adj. 嗜杀成性的
分布：杀人的(88%)，有杀人犯罪倾向的(12%)
US [ˌhɑ:.mə-] adjective
■likely to murder 杀人的；有杀人倾向的
• a homicidal maniac 杀人狂
adj. 杀人的；行凶的；有杀人嗜好的；杀气腾腾的
 - murderous, bloodguilty

Word: headman
Front: headman
[ˈhedmæn] (21365/17974)
Back: n. 酋长，头领
分布：酋长(42%)，首领(33%)，队长(25%)
noun countable
■the chief (= leader) of a village or tribe 首领，头目，酋长
n. 首领；酋长；工头
 - leader, chief, captain, boss

Word: heil

Word: hodgepodge
Front: hodgepodge
[ˈhɒdʒpɒdʒ] (宝 19435/-)
Vocabulary: hodgepodge
(once / 21888 pages)
n
A hodgepodge is a random assortment of things. A dorm room might be furnished with a hodgepodge of milk crates, antique mirrors, and a poster of a kitten hanging on a branch with one paw.
Hodgepodge is a funny-sounding word for a somewhat funny occurrence — a grouping of things or people that don't fit together. If you made a stew with bacon, oatmeal, and chocolate cake, you’ve made a hodgepodge (and a bellyache waiting to happen). The piles of stuff stacked in attics tend to be a hodgepodge. British people call it a hotchpotch. A hodgepodge can also be called a mishmash.
WORD FAMILY
hodgepodge: hodgepodges
USAGE EXAMPLES
Now about the best place to find his ties, dress shirts and accessories is on Amazon.com — and even that stock is just a hodgepodge.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
And just as the hodgepodge music format called for personal guidance, listeners driving for six days on the road needed companionship.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 16, 2016)
The Energy Department is a hodgepodge of organizations, some of which existed decades before DOE was created in 1977.
Salon(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: n. 大杂烩
分布：混煮(60%)，=hotchpotch.(20%)，杂烩菜(20%)
US ['hɑ:dʒ.pɑ:dʒ] noun countable
■a hotchpotch
n. 大杂烩；混煮；一团糟
 - salmagundi, smorgasbord
vt. 使混乱
 - cloud, confuse

Word: immunology
Front: immunology
[ˌɪmjuˈnɒlədʒi] (23874/26010)
Back: n. 免疫学
分布：免疫学(100%)
→immuno-,免疫，-logy,学说。
US [-'nɑ:.lə-] specialized
noun uncountable
■the study of immunity (= the ability of the body to fight disease and infection) and its causes and effects 免疫学
n. [免疫] 免疫学
 - amynology

Word: hormonal
Front: hormonal
[hɔ:'məʊnl] (13088/16629)
Back: adj. 激素的，荷尔蒙的; 生理的
分布：激素的(52%)，荷尔蒙的(48%)
ADJ
激素的;荷尔蒙的;有关激素的
Hormonal means relating to or involving hormones.
例：...our individual hormonal balance.我们每个人体内的激素平衡
adj. 荷尔蒙的，激素的
 - incretionary

Word: hooter
Front: hooter
[ˈhu:tə(r)] (-/33229)
Back: n. 汽笛
分布：汽笛(68%)，呼喊的人(16%)，警笛(16%)
→来自hoot,喇叭叫。
US [-tˌɚ] noun
NOSE 鼻子
countable UK old-fashioned informal
■a nose 鼻子
UK ['hu:.tər] US [-tˌɚ] noun
DEVICE 装置
countable old-fashioned
■an electrical device which makes a loud noise, often to mark the start or end of work at a factory （工厂的）汽笛
UK ['hu:.tər] US [-tˌɚ] noun
BREASTS 乳房
hooters
[plural] US slang
■a woman's breasts. This sense is considered offensive. 乳房，奶子（含冒犯义）
n. 汽笛，警笛；呼喊的人
 - whistle, siren

Word: hotspur

Word: imperceptible
Front: imperceptible
[ˌɪmpəˈseptəbl] (19580/19208)
Vocabulary: imperceptible
(once / 1302 pages)
adj
If it's imperceptible, it's impossible to perceive with any of the senses. The world might be spinning, but it's imperceptible from your couch.
Within the word imperceptible you see the word percept, which means "the object of your perception." Like impossible, the im in imperceptible means it cannot be perceived. Imperceptible is rarely used in the absolute sense of the word — it is usually paired with almost. Horton hears the Who but the tiny sounds of the Whos were almost imperceptible to everyone else.
WORD FAMILY
imperceptible: imperceptibility, imperceptibly +/misperceive: misperceived, misperceives/perceivable: perceivably, unperceivable/ perceive: misperceive, perceivable, perceived, perceiveed, perceiver, perceives, perceiving, perceptible, perception, perceptive, percipient/ perceived: unperceived/perceiver: perceivers/perceiving: unperceiving/perceptibility: perceptibilities/ perceptible: imperceptible, perceptibility, perceptibly/ perception: perceptions/ perceptive: perceptively, perceptiveness, perceptivity, unperceptive/percipient: percipients/unperceivable: unperceivably/unperceiving: unperceivingly/unperceptive: unperceptively, unperceptiveness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Chelsea were oozing confidence and Conte was also at his most animated, slapping his thighs in frustration at imperfections that were imperceptible to most spectators.
The Guardian(Dec 26, 2016)
Like her other theater pieces from the same period, including “Imperceptible Mutabilities in the Third Kingdom,” “Death” eschews any semblance of conventional plot.
New York Times(Nov 13, 2016)
As Steinlauf blessed their efforts, the dollies rolled, about a foot a minute, so slowly the motion was almost imperceptible.
Washington Post(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 感觉不到的; 细微的，逐步的
分布：感觉不到的(67%)，细微的(33%)
→im-,不，非，perceptible,可感知的。
不知不觉的(im不+percepl知觉+ible)[-ible形容词"能…的"]
【记】perceptible（adj 可察觉的；感觉得到的）
【反】appreciable（adj 可评估的；可感知的）
US [-pɚ'sep.tə-] adjective
■unable to be noticed or felt because of being very slight 察觉不出的，难以察觉的
• She heard a faint, almost imperceptible cry. 她听到一声微弱得几乎难以察觉的哭声。
adj. 感觉不到的；极细微的
 - pretersensual

Word: impersonator
Front: impersonator
[ɪmˈpɜ:səneɪtə(r)] (22307/33703)
Back: n. 演员，模拟（名人等的）艺人
→来自impersonate,冒充。
US [-'pɝ:.sən.eɪ.tˌɚ] noun countable
■someone who impersonates another person 模仿者；假冒者
• an Elvis impersonator “猫王”艾维斯的模仿者
n. 演员；模拟艺人
 - player, stager

Word: imprudence
Front: imprudence
[ɪm'pru:dns] (44910/-)
Vocabulary: imprudence
(once / 2604 pages)
n
Imprudence sometimes gets people in trouble, because it means a lack of care or thoughtfulness. The imprudence of not wearing your gloves in the winter might result in frostbite on your fingers.
A person's imprudence is her tendency to rush headlong into decisions or actions without careful contemplation. Imprudence could lead a couple to get married just a week after meeting each other or a little girl to chase a run-away ball into a busy street. The Latin root word is imprudentem means "not forseeing, unaware, or inconsiderate."
WORD FAMILY
imprudence: imprudences+/ imprudent: imprudence, imprudenter, imprudently/ prudence: prudences, prudential/ prudent: imprudent, prudence, prudenter, prudentest, prudently/prudential: prudentially
USAGE EXAMPLES
Coach Mike Zimmer has rarely missed an opportunity to remind his players of the imprudence of becoming comfortable.
Washington Times(Oct 17, 2016)
Omalu’s intermittent bouts of brilliance and imprudence, and his conflicted relationship with this fame, have made him a confounding figure.
Slate(Sep 20, 2016)
The two-year prison sentence was 'imposed out of haste and imprudence,' a dissenting judge writes.
US News(Jun 29, 2016)
Back: n. 轻率行为
分布：轻率(66%)，不谨慎(17%)，不小心(17%)
n. 轻率，鲁莽的行为
 - rashness, giddiness

Word: impish
Front: impish
[ˈɪmpɪʃ] (24974/33991)
Vocabulary: impish
(once / 7194 pages)
adj
If you know someone who's playful and mischievous, you can describe them as impish. Your impish little brother probably gets away with all kinds of pranks because he's so cute.
If you're impish, you might play practical jokes on people, tease them, tickle them, or be otherwise cheerfully annoying. The troublemaker in a kindergarten class is likely to be fairly impish, naughty and a little silly. The adjective impish comes from imp, a mythological creature that's similar to a fairy but known in folklore for its jokes and pranks.
WORD FAMILY
impish: impishly, impishness+/ imp: impish, implike, imps
USAGE EXAMPLES
It is as eclectic and daring a release you’ll hear, pivoting from impish yips to bloodhound-ish yowls to Louis Armstrong impersonations in a blink.
The Guardian(Dec 19, 2016)
What I enjoy about watching you on screen is your impish charm.
Salon(Dec 15, 2016)
Spider-Man’s impish cameo in Captain America: Civil War turned doubters into true believers.
The Guardian(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: adj. 顽童似的，似顽童的，顽皮的
分布：顽皮的(63%)，恶作剧的(25%)，小鬼的(12%)
→来自imp,小恶魔，小淘气。
adjective
■showing a child's pleasure in being playful and making trouble 顽童似的，顽皮的
• At seventy, he still retains his impish grin. 尽管70岁了，他咧着嘴笑起来仍然像个顽童。
adj. 顽皮的；心地不良的；小鬼般的
 - naughty, wicked

Word: incineration
Front: incineration
[ɪnˌsɪnə'reɪʃn] (19835/17516)
Back: n. 焚化，火葬
分布：焚化(84%)，烧成灰(9%)，灰化(7%)

Word: informational
Front: informational
[ˌɪnfə'meɪʃənl] (13536/21762)
Back: adj. 报告的，情报的
分布：信息的(88%)，介绍情况的(12%)
US [-fɚ] adjective
■containing information 含有资讯的，包含资料的
adj. 情报的；报告的；新闻的
 - reported

Word: indie
Front: indie
[ˈɪndi] (17239/18035 -2)
Vocabulary: indie
(once / 462 pages)
adjn
An indie band makes music on their own or on a very small record company, not with a large recording label. Your favorite indie group probably makes most of its money from touring, rather than by selling its music online.
Pop musicians who record songs independently of major labels are indie, and indie filmmakers work with small budgets and unknown actors, rather than large, well-funded film companies. The adjective is also sometimes used simply to mean "simple," "not commercial," or "outside of the mainstream." Indie, a shortened form of independent, has been around since about 1920, originally referring to movies, and by 1945 it was also used for music labels.
WORD FAMILY
indie: indies
USAGE EXAMPLES
And the winner is: It’s a toss-up between the two critically acclaimed, deeply felt indies — “Manchester” and “Moonlight.”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
He named his shop after a favorite song, “Embassy Row,” from one of his favorite indie rock bands, Pavement.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
While the West Indies toured Australia in 2015-16, six Caribbean players were playing for Big Bash League teams and not in the international matches.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: n. 独立经营的电影院等; 独立制片人
adj. 独立制片的; 独立制片相关的
分布：独立制作的(56%)，由独立公司或团体制作的艺术作品(22%)，独立制片者(22%)
→缩写自independent,独立的。用于指小型的音乐或电影制片公司。
adjective
■describes music or films made by small companies which are not owned by larger companies （音乐或电影作品）独立小公司制作的，独立制作的
• an indie movie/film/record label 独立制作的电影／独立唱片公司
• The popularity of indie bands has soared in recent years. 这个不知名的小乐队近几年知名度大增。
['ɪn.di] noun countable
■a small music, film or television company that is not owned by a larger company （音乐、电影或电视的）独立制作公司
• She made five records with indies in the early 90s. 在上世纪90年代早期她与独立的小公司合作出了五张唱片。
■a film or recording made by a small company which is not owned by a larger company 由独立小公司制作的电影（或音乐作品）
adj. 独立的
 - independent, specialty

Word: indubitably
Front: indubitably
[ɪnˈdju:bɪtəbli] (34951/33742)
Vocabulary: indubitably
(once / 7567 pages)
adv
Indubitably means "without doubt." If you say that you are indubitably going to run for class president, you're sure of it.
With five syllables, indubitably is kind of a mouthful. Here's how to say it: "in-DOO-bit-a-blee." And while it is more of an old-fashioned adverb, indubitably remains a unique way to say "undoubtedly." In fact, doubt and indubitably share a root in the Latin word dubitabilis, meaning "doubtful." Adding the prefix in- makes something done indubitably without a doubt.
WORD FAMILY
indubitable: indubitability, indubitablest, indubitably +/dubitable: indubitable
USAGE EXAMPLES
Earlier, Kirk had described the mission as “straightforward,” but then, though indubitably the bravest of commanders, he was never really the brightest.
The New Yorker(Jul 22, 2016)
Quietly but indubitably, tech tourism has become a thing.
Seattle Times(Jul 20, 2016)
Less commonly remarked upon is that English is likewise such a melting pot — assimilating words from multiple languages and being indubitably enhanced in the process.
Salon(Jul 19, 2016)
Back: adv. 无疑地，确实地
分布：无疑地(100%)
adv. 无疑地，不容置疑地，不容置疑地
 - easily, no doubt, clearly

Word: ingot
Front: ingot
[ˈɪŋgət] (27403/34802)
Back: n. （常为砖形的）铸块，锭
分布：锭(85%)，铸块(15%)
→in-,进入，使，-got,流入，熔入，来自gheu,注入，词源同infuse,foundry,gut.引申词义熔铸的金属块，金锭。
noun countable
■a piece of metal, usually in the shape of a narrow brick 锭；铸块
• a gold/silver ingot 金锭／银锭

Word: incongruity
Front: incongruity
[ˌɪnkɒn'ɡru:ətɪ] (托宝 19783/21327)
Vocabulary: incongruity
(once / 3365 pages)
n
Incongruity means out of place — something that doesn't fit in its location or situation. The art show patrons couldn't help but chuckle at the incongruity of a toilet sitting in the middle of an exhibition of Renaissance paintings.
An incongruity is very different from everything around it, to the point of being inappropriate to the situation. A cat at a dog's birthday party would be an incongruity, as would a pacifist at a meeting of the War Lovers' Society. Incongruity is the idea that something is incongruous, or inappropriate. A purple towel is an incongruity in an all black-and-white bathroom.
WORD FAMILY
incongruity: incongruities+/ congruity: congruities/congruous: congruity, congruously, congruousness, incongruous / incongruous: incongruity, incongruously, incongruousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
As a whole, the series is an assured, understated study of juxtaposition in a city defined by its cultural incongruities.
The New Yorker(Dec 17, 2016)
The seven Mid-Atlantic artists in Arlington Arts Center’s “Fall Solos 2016” deal in incongruity and juxtaposition, whether of media or subject or both.
Washington Post(Dec 09, 2016)
It was the kind of incongruity that Greenhagen regularly experienced in her job.
New York Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 不协调; 不一致; 不适合; 不协调的东西
分布：不一致(65%)，不调和(21%)，不配合(14%)
US [-kən'gru:.ə.tˌi] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■when something is incongruous 不协调；不合适
n. 不协调；不一致；不适宜
 - variance, disparity

Word: jacksonville
Front: jacksonville
[ˈdʒæksənvil] (-/48921)
Back: 杰克逊维尔（美国佛罗里达州东北部港市）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: kinky
Front: kinky
[ˈkɪŋki] (19942/24647)
Vocabulary: kinky
(once / 18497 pages)
1adj 2adj
Kinky is a word for unusual things: especially things that are sexually unusual. It's also a term for frizzy hair.
As a general term, kinky can refer to anything that is far-out, quirky, or offbeat. More specifically, this is a sexual term for acts that are a little odd, such as a foot fetish. There's also kinky hair: hair with tight curls that is also called crisp, frizzy, and nappy. There's isn't any connection between kinky hair and the first two meanings of kinky. Words just mean different things, and no one knows exactly why.
WORD FAMILY
kinky: kinkier, kinkiest, kinkily+/ kink: kinked, kinking, kinks, kinky
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr. Trump went to a different kind of show, “Kinky Boots,” in 2013, early in its run.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
It’s a psychological thriller, a strangely dry-eyed melodrama, a kinky sex farce and, perhaps most provocatively, a savage comedy of bourgeois manners.
New York Times(Nov 10, 2016)
I thought we were just kinky, but I’m starting to wonder if it is more than that.
Slate(Nov 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 卷曲的，古怪的; 变态的
级别：kinkier, kinkiest
分布：卷曲的(59%)，稍微变态的(31%)，绞缠的(10%)
→来自kink,变态。
['kɪŋ.ki] informal
adjective
■unusual, strange and possibly exciting, especially in ways involving unusual sexual acts 奇怪的；别出心裁的；怪癖的；（尤指）性行为变态的
• kinky ideas/behaviour 别出心裁的主意／怪癖的行为
adj. 奇形怪状的，怪癖的；稍微变态的；扭结的，古怪的
 - odd, curious

Word: lawbreaking

Word: laudatory
Front: laudatory
[ˈlɔ:dətəri] (28416/40338)
Vocabulary: laudatory
(once / 13938 pages)
adj
Laudatory has to do with praise. If you do great things, then you've done praise-worthy acts and people will use laudatory words when talking about you.
We all probably do something laudable at some point. If you play baseball well or just keep your room clean, then you probably receive laudatory words of encouragement. If I say, "Your dog is the cutest, nicest pooch in North America," I am saying laudatory things about your dog. When you see laudatory, think praise.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
laudable / laudatory
Choose your words:
Acclaimed playwright-actor returns home for a laudable/laudatory cause
When it was published, the most laudable/laudatory review came from the novelist Anthony Burgess.
In the first sentence a playwright-actor comes home for a good cause, a praiseworthy cause. That's laudable. Though a positive word, laudable many times precedes a negative follow-up statement.
I soon realized that the efforts, though laudable, have a ways to go to meet the standard being set in my hometown.
Cutting taxes laudable, but some city needs must be addressed
In the second sentence, Burgess gave a positive review of the it mentioned. The review itself isn't being described as praiseworthy, the review was doing the praising. We want laudatory here.
A trio of laudatory articles on Amazon in recent days compelled one to take another look at the company's performance.
Thomas Keneally wrote a laudatory biography of Hasler in 1993 titled Utility Player.
The difference to watch for between these adjectives is who or what is receiving the praise. If the noun that the adjective modifies is receiving the praise, such as a worthy cause, then choose laudable. Think able to be praised. If the noun is giving the praise to something else, such as a positive review of a book, then choose laudatory.
WORD FAMILY
laudatory: laudatorily+/ laud: laudable, laudatory, lauded, lauder, lauding, lauds/ laudable: laudability, laudableness, laudably/lauder: lauders
USAGE EXAMPLES
Trudeau attracted widespread criticism for a statement that many saw as too laudatory.
The Guardian(Nov 27, 2016)
His work is animated by a laudatory impulse, an unexpected and profoundly moving hunger to praise the world in full view of it.
New York Times(Nov 14, 2016)
It drives me up the wall when he says laudatory things about everyone’s appearance but mine.
Slate(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 颂扬的
分布：赞赏的(59%)，赞美的(41%)
→来自laud,赞美。
表示赞美的,褒扬的[laud=praise(赞扬)]
【参】laudable（adj 值得赞美的）
【反】invective（adj 漫骂的）；execrable（adj 可憎恨的）；pejorative（adj 轻蔑的；n 轻蔑语）
US ['lɑ:-] formal
adjective
■expressing praise 称赞的，赞扬的，赞美的
adj. 赞美的；赞赏的；称赞的
 - admiring, applausive

Word: lazar

Word: legalism
Front: legalism
['li:gəlɪzəm] (30496/38910)
Back: n. 拘泥于法律或规定的人，律法尊重主义者
分布：法家(40%)，法律术语(30%)，文牍主义(15%)，墨守成规(15%)
n. 拘泥于法律或规定的人；律法尊重主义者；守法主义；法律术语
 - legal terms

Word: lettering
Front: lettering
[ˈletərɪŋ] (16122/14855)
Back: n. （印刷或手写的）字体; 刻字
分布：刻字(78%)，印字(16%)，动词letter的现在分词.(6%)
→letter,字母，-ing,集合名词后缀。
【记】letter（n 文字；v 用印刷体字母印刷）
US ['letˌ.ɚ-] noun uncountable
■writing in a particular colour, style etc 字体，字样
• a black box with gold lettering 印有金字的黑盒子

Word: lemming
Front: lemming
[ˈlemɪŋ] (23459/24364)
Back: n. 旅鼠
分布：旅鼠(100%)
→来自挪威语。
noun countable
■an animal that looks like a large mouse and lives in cold northern areas. Lemmings migrate (= move from one place to another) in large groups and are often, but wrongly, thought to jump off cliffs together. 旅鼠
['lem.ɪŋ] noun countable
like lemmings
■in a silly way, without thinking, and in large numbers 一窝蜂地
• People rushed like lemmings to invest in the company. 人们一窝蜂地把钱投进了该公司。

Word: mamma
Front: mamma
['mɑ:mə] (21104/17471)
Back: n. <口>妈妈（尤儿语）; （雌性哺乳动物的）乳房; （雄性哺乳动物的）乳房残迹
分布：名词(100%)
n. 妈妈； [解剖] 乳房
 - mom, breast, mama, mummy

Word: magnificence
Front: magnificence
[mæɡ'nɪfɪsns] (托 21679/19025)
Vocabulary: magnificence
(once / 834 pages)
n
Magnificence is when something is incredibly grand, beautiful, or impressive. You might describe the magnificence of a cruise ship, for example, with its elaborate ballrooms and large swimming pools.
When something makes a huge impression on you, especially for its hugeness or fanciness, it has the quality of magnificence. To a little kid, Disney World has magnificence, while an adult might be impressed by the magnificence of a first class European train car. In the fourteenth century, magnificence implied courage and nobility, as the word comes from the Latin root magnificus, which means both "great, noble, and eminent," and also "splendid, rich, or costly."
WORD FAMILY
magnificence: magnificences+/ magnificent: magnificence, magnificentest, magnificently
USAGE EXAMPLES
The ensemble was as fluid as it was united, and Walter raised the bar with her magnificence.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 19, 2016)
The geophysics shows archaeology of exceptional scale and magnificence below the featureless surface.
The Guardian(Dec 16, 2016)
I ignored it, my head spinning from the church’s overall magnificence.
Seattle Times(Nov 01, 2016)
Back: n. 华丽，富丽堂皇
分布：壮丽(46%)，宏伟(28%)，豪华(18%)，庄严(8%)
n. 壮丽；宏伟；富丽堂皇
 - grandeur, splendor

Word: llewellyn

Word: manta
Front: manta
[ˈmæntə] (30225/49451)
Back: n. 女用披巾，外套
分布：女用披巾(50%)，蝠鲼(25%)，章鱼(25%)
→来自西班牙语manta,毯子，来自拉丁语mantum,斗篷，词源同mantel,mantle.用于指蝠鲼，因这种海鱼形如一张展开的毯子而得名。
n. 外套；女用披巾
 - outerwear, outer coat

Word: lino
Front: lino
[ˈlaɪnəʊ] (-/20628)
Back: n. 亚麻油地毡，漆布
分布：漆布(100%)
n. 亚麻油地毡；漆布（等于linoleum）
 - varnished cloth, wax cloth

Word: marmot
Front: marmot
[ˈmɑ:mət] (25143/46109)
Back: n. 旱獭，土拨鼠
分布：土拨鼠(100%)
→栖于阿尔卑斯山的啮齿动物。来自拉丁语murem montis,山鼠，来自murem,老鼠，词源同mouse,montis,高山，词源同mountain.
n. [脊椎] 旱獭，土拨鼠
 - groundhog, woodchuck

Word: millipede
Front: millipede
[ˈmɪlɪpi:d] (33251/42714)
Back: n. 马陆，千足虫
分布：马陆(77%)，百足虫(23%)
→milli-,千，-ped,脚，词源同foot.比较centipede.
(also millepede) ['mɪl.ɪ.pi:d] noun countable
■a small creature with a long cylindrical body consisting of many parts, each part having two pairs of legs 马陆，千足虫

Word: masturbate
Front: masturbate
[ˈmæstəbeɪt] (17500/25020 -1)
Vocabulary: masturbate
(once / 5028 pages)
v
To masturbate is to stimulate yourself sexually. In other words, to have sex by yourself, with yourself.
To masturbate means to have sex with yourself, usually using your hands. If you pick up a slang dictionary, you'll find hundreds and maybe thousands of terms that mean the same thing as masturbate. Those terms are almost all inappropriate, so use them carefully. Some religious traditions think that masturbating is a sin, but most people realize that there's nothing harmful or unusual about masturbating — it's a natural thing that humans do.
WORD FAMILY
masturbate: masturbated, masturbates, masturbating, masturbation, masturbator+/ masturbation: masturbations/masturbator: masturbators
USAGE EXAMPLES
"Masturbate", "sucker" and "testicle" were among the more printable obscenities in the puzzle.
BBC(Jan 03, 2017)
A buddy of mine says its alright in God’s eyes to masturbate to inanimate objects, “Just don’t lust after girls.”
Salon(Dec 28, 2016)
The story is of a woman whom he meets while she’s masturbating.
The New Yorker(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: v. （对…）进行手淫
时态：masturbated, masturbating, masturbates
→来自拉丁语masturbari,手淫，可能来自mazdo,阴茎，杆，词源同mast,-turb,转，词源同turbid,turn.或来自拉丁语manus,手，词源同manual.
US [-tɚ-] verb
intransitive
■to touch or rub your sexual organs in order to give yourself sexual pleasure 手淫，自慰
transitive
■to touch or rub someone's sexual organs in order to give them sexual pleasure 对…行手淫
vi. 手淫
 - jack off, hand job

Word: mestizo
Front: mestizo
[meˈsti:zəʊ] (19416/-)
Back: n. 混血儿
分布：名词(100%)
→来自西班牙语mestizo,欧洲人与印第安人后裔，来自拉丁语miscere,混合，混杂，词源同mix,miscellany.即混血儿。
n. 混血儿（尤指拉丁民族与印第安族的）
 - hybrid, Bastaard, half-caste, mixblood, mixed-blood

Word: misapprehension
Front: misapprehension
[ˌmɪsæprɪˈhenʃn] (30924/20099)
Vocabulary: misapprehension
(once / 4555 pages)
n
When you have a misapprehension, you make a mistake trying to understand something, which leads you to believe something that isn't true. You may have a misapprehension about your brother's motives for being so nice to you this week.
You may have an uncle who is famous for his misapprehension of luck and probability, which must be why he’s lost so much money gambling. He also has a misapprehension of geography, so he thinks he can get from his house in Maryland to your house in New Hampshire in under four hours — by bus! No one ever said your uncle was stupid — he just has a misapprehension of some basic things that the rest of the family gets.
WORD FAMILY
misapprehension: misapprehensions+/ apprehend: apprehended, apprehender, apprehending, apprehends, apprehensible, apprehension, apprehensive, misapprehend /apprehender: apprehenders/apprehensible: apprehensibly/ apprehension: apprehensions/ apprehensive: apprehensively, apprehensiveness, unapprehensive/ misapprehend: misapprehended, misapprehending, misapprehends, misapprehension
USAGE EXAMPLES
Fowler hopes the book will dispel a more mainstream misapprehension: that this is a doomsday vault, a time capsule to unlock after a nuclear Armageddon.
Washington Post(Dec 19, 2016)
But the misapprehension Romney subscribed to is still conventional wisdom: Most people vote their pocketbooks.
Washington Post(Nov 11, 2016)
But does Cohen’s biggest song represent a crucial misapprehension of his work?
Los Angeles Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 误会，误解
分布：误解(100%)
→mis-,坏的，错的，不好的，apprehension,理解。
noun countable or uncountable
■a failure to understand something, or an understanding or belief about something that is not correct 误解，误会
• [+ that] Most industrialists labour under a misapprehension (= wrongly believe) that unrestrained economic growth can be achieved without damaging the environment. 大多数工业家都误以为不破坏环境也可以实现无限制的经济增长。
n. 误解；误会
 - mistake, misunderstanding

Word: miyazaki

Word: monolingual
Front: monolingual
[ˌmɒnəˈlɪŋgwəl] (32135/44195)
Vocabulary: monolingual
(once / 381269 pages)
adjn
If you're monolingual, you speak just one language. If you are monolingual, your chances of landing a job as a translator are pretty darn slim.
Your whole family might be monolingual, while your best friend comes from a family that speaks Spanish at home and English at school — in other words, they're bilingual. Being monolingual can be limiting, since you can only communicate clearly with others who speak your language. Learning new languages and becoming bilingual (or even multilingual, speaking several languages) is also good for your brain. The Greek root mono means "one," and the Latin lingua means "tongue" or "language."
WORD FAMILY
monolingual
USAGE EXAMPLES
In Searle’s thought experiment, a monolingual English speaker sits alone in a cell.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Our students are a mix of Spanish monolingual, English monolingual, and bilingual.
New York Times(Oct 17, 2016)
I am feeling ashamed — again — of how monolingual we are in the U.S.
Washington Times(Sep 27, 2016)
Back: adj. <术>单语的，只用一种语言的
分布：仅懂一种语言的(44%)，仅用一种语言的(42%)，仅用一种语言的人(14%)
→mono-,单个的，-ling,
US [ˌmɑ:.noʊ-] adjective
■speaking or using only one language 只使用一种语言的，单语的
• This is a monolingual dictionary. 这是一本单语词典。
Compare bilingual ; multilingual

Word: minnesotan

Word: mulligan
Front: mulligan
['mʌlɪgən] (27449/37874)
Vocabulary: mulligan
(once / 5994 pages)
n
A mulligan is a stew, often made with various leftovers. You might clean all the vegetables out of your fridge and whip up a mulligan.
When you make a mulligan — also called a mulligan stew — you use odds and ends from your refrigerator and pantry. You can also use the word to refer to a specific situation in the game of golf: if you make a terrible shot, a mulligan is when you're allowed to try again. The stew came first, around 1905, and the golf stroke followed in the 1940s, possibly from the name of a specific Canadian golfer.
WORD FAMILY
mulligan: mulligans
USAGE EXAMPLES
When this team stumbles, it looks down and finds a mulligan.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
Carey Mulligan will be guest editing Radio 4's Today Programme on Tuesday 27 December.
BBC(Dec 26, 2016)
New England appears to be in much better shape for its mulligan attempt.
Washington Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 蔬菜烩肉（或鱼），<美俚>爱尔兰人，（高尔夫球）加击（非正式比赛中最后一击失败后附加的一击）

Word: muscat
Front: muscat
[ˈmʌskæt] (41630/27147)
Back: n. 麝香葡萄，葡萄酒
分布：名词(100%)
→来自musk,麝香。用以指一种散发麝香香味的白葡萄。

Word: niagara
Front: niagara
[naɪ'æɡərə] (-/33893)
Back: n. 尼亚加拉河（在加拿大和美国间）急流，洪水
分布：洪水(34%)，=Niagara Falls）(33%)，尼亚加拉大瀑布（北美洲(33%)

Word: nard

Word: nauseate
Front: nauseate
[ˈnɔ:zieɪt] (宝 21153/34554)
Vocabulary: nauseate
(once / 5755 pages)
v
To nauseate one’s friends is to make them disgusted, sick to their stomachs, or ill. Generally this is best achieved by serving foul food or sharing someone’s deepest secrets with a sworn enemy.
The first seafaring cultures were most likely Polynesian, but the Romans (who spoke Latin) came up with the word for seasickness that stuck: nausea. When the ocean is too rollicking, it’s likely to nauseate the ship’s passengers. There’s plenty more examples out there that can nauseate even the most hearty among us. Often just the thought of some culinary oddities can do the trick: oyster casserole, tripe, or fried crickets — just to name a few.
WORD FAMILY
nauseate: nauseated, nauseates, nauseating +/ nausea: nauseate, nauseous / nauseating: nauseatingly, nauseatingness/ nauseous: nauseously
USAGE EXAMPLES
During her pregnancy, Wills said she felt nauseated by the fumes in a regular nail salon and started looking for a non-toxic space.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 09, 2016)
“And the priest keeps touching my mouth and it nauseates me,” Jaja said.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
The images of a black Dutch TV presenter's face super-imposed on the hanged bodies of victims of a lynching are too nauseating to look at.
BBC(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: vt. 使恶心，作呕
时态：nauseated, nauseating, nauseates
分布：厌恶(42%)，作呕(35%)，产生恶感(23%)
→来自nausea,恶心。
使作呕(nausea+ate)[nav,naus,naut=ship表示"船",naut引申为"海员"]
【记】源于：nausia，naus＝naut船，ia一船上的病一晕船一恶心读：闹死ate吃，吃饭的时候闹死了－作呕读：闹sea ate，在海上吃饭的时候闹－恶心
US ['nɑ:-] formal
verb transitive often passive
■to cause someone to feel as if they are going to vomit 使恶心，使作呕
• He's nauseated by the smell of meat cooking. 他闻到烹调肉类的味道就想吐。
vi. 作呕；厌恶；产生恶感
 - turn away from, keck
vt. 使厌恶；使恶心；使作呕
 - indispose, repel

Word: neuralgic
Front: neuralgic
[njʊə'rældʒɪk] (45653/-)
Back: adj. 神经痛的
分布：神经痛的(100%)

Word: ninja
Front: ninja
[ˈnɪndʒə] (17019/25571)
Vocabulary: ninja
(once / 27047 pages)
n
A ninja was a skilled fighter in feudal Japan, starting in the fourteenth or fifteenth century. Today, people like to call themselves ninjas for doing anything well — from making a touchdown to surviving a treacherous obstacle course.
The original ninjas were mercenary warriors and spies, and the methods they used were looked down on and considered dishonorable by the highest caste, the samurais. Ninjas were so fascinating and frequently discussed that they gained mythological status — in stories, people credited them with invisibility and the ability to walk on water, among other skills. In Japanese, the word ninja means "spy."
WORD FAMILY
ninja: ninjas
USAGE EXAMPLES
Others posted their own social media photos, including showing Lawrence posing with a child dressed as a character from Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Paramount is coming off a series of bruising failures such as "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows" and "Zoolander 2."
Reuters(Nov 27, 2016)
Men’s apparel upstart Bonobos, too, has a team of “ninjas” who help with online customer service.
Washington Post(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: n. （受过偷窃技术专门训练被雇作间谍或刺客的）日本武士
分布：忍者(100%)
noun countable
■a Japanese fighter, especially in the past, who moves and acts without being seen and usually carries a short sword （尤指旧时的）忍者，日本武士

Word: nugatory
Front: nugatory
[ˈnju:gətəri] (宝 44641/41682)
Vocabulary: nugatory
(once / 18439 pages)
adj
Something nugatory has no real value; it’s worthless. All your excuses for why you didn’t turn the bath tap off when you left the apartment are nugatory; they don’t change the fact that the tub overflowed and leaked into the apartment below.
An adjective meaning “trifling, of no value,” nugatory comes from the Latin nugatorius “worthless, futile,” which in turn came from the also Latin nugatory — “jester, trifle.” It’s a word you probably don’t hear too often, but it’s a fun and descriptive one to use. Describe something with no force or importance as nugatory. "Whether this rug is red or green is nugatory to someone who is colorblind."
WORD FAMILY
nugatory
USAGE EXAMPLES
However, the chance of any of these programs being enacted is nugatory.
New York Times(Apr 13, 2016)
This is highly attractive compared to the nugatory returns that savers receive on their short- and medium-term cash savings accounts.
BBC(Dec 31, 2015)
Walt wants to argue that the terror threat is both nugatory and worse than it was before 9/11.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 14, 2015)
Back: adj. 琐碎的; 无价值的; 不起作用的; 无效的
分布：无价值的(51%)，无效的(33%)，无关紧要的(16%)
→来自拉丁语nugae,琐事，小玩笑，词源同拉丁语nugor,开玩笑，嘲笑。引申词义琐碎的，无价值的。
无价值的[nugator=trifle(烦事)]
【记】nu牛，gat＝get，tory一牛挤的是奶得到的东西是草－无价值的
US ['nu:.gə.tɔ:r-] formal
adjective
■worth nothing or of little value 无价值的，无意义的
• a nugatory amount 微不足道的小钱
adj. 无价值的；琐碎的；无效的；无法律效力的
 - useless, worthless

Word: ou
Front: ou
[əʊ] (-/22269)
Back: abbr. oat unit 麦片
分布：电视大学(50%)，函授大学(50%)

Word: parapet
Front: parapet
[ˈpærəpɪt] (21951/12409)
Vocabulary: parapet
(once / 1222 pages)
n
A parapet originally meant a defensive mini-wall made of earth or stone that was built to protect soldiers on the roof of a fort or a castle. Now it indicates any low wall along the roof of a building, the edge of a balcony, the side of a bridge, or similar structure.
When drawing castles, the most remarkable feature is the parapet on the top of the towers — the notches in the parapet were designed for soldiers to stand in but have come to look like a larger version of the crown of the king inside. Now, parapets are more likely to keep you from falling off a roof than protect you from enemy soldiers trying to storm the building.
WORD FAMILY
parapet: parapets
USAGE EXAMPLES
Bronze parapets around the pools bear the names of the nearly 3,000 dead.
Seattle Times(Aug 30, 2016)
The two new Conservative MPs have not been afraid to put their heads above the parapet.
BBC(Aug 15, 2016)
But he also offered this: “If athletes are prepared to stick their heads above the parapet and help, then we should recognize that.”
Washington Times(Aug 10, 2016)
Back: n. 护墙，矮墙; <军>（战壕前作掩护用的）胸墙
分布：栏杆(45%)，胸墙(27%)，女儿墙(19%)，低矮挡墙(9%)
→来自法语parapet,胸墙，矮墙，来自意大利语parapetto,来自para-,保护，防御，petto,胸，词源同pectoral,pecs.拼写比较benefit,benefaction.
US ['per-] noun countable
■a low wall along the edge of a roof, bridge, etc. （屋顶、桥等旁边的）矮护墙，女儿墙
UK ['pær.ə.pet] US ['per-] noun countable
put your head over/above the parapet UK
■to be brave enough to state an opinion that might upset someone 大胆说出某人的想法
n. 栏杆；扶手；矮护墙
 - rail, balustrade

Word: perfectionist
Front: perfectionist
[pəˈfekʃənɪst] (15365/19397 -1)
Vocabulary: perfectionist
(once / 17641 pages)
n
A perfectionist is someone with very high standards: they want everything to be just right at all times.
You know how perfect things are flawless? A perfectionist wants things to be like that all the time. A writer who is a perfectionist will revise over and over again, trying to get every word just right. A perfectionist boss will be hard on employees who aren't as careful or hard-working. Perfectionists tend to do very good work because of their high standards.
WORD FAMILY
perfectionist: perfectionists+/ imperfect: imperfectly, imperfectness, imperfects/imperfectible: imperfectibility/ imperfection: imperfections/ perfect: imperfect, perfected, perfectedly, perfecter, perfectest, perfectible, perfecting, perfection, perfective, perfectly, perfects/perfecter: perfecters/perfectible: imperfectible, perfectibility/ perfection: imperfection, perfectionism, perfections/perfectionism: perfectionist /perfective: imperfective
USAGE EXAMPLES
For perfectionist parents, this is a carefully-orchestrated exercise with a professional photographer and coordinated outfits.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 03, 2016)
He was an extreme perfectionist … which is funny, because there is no “perfect,” obviously.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 25, 2016)
“That perfectionist mentality can become a consuming state of being because there’s no such thing,” said Creekmur.
Seattle Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: n. 完美主义者; 吹毛求疵者; 至善论者
分布：十全十美主义者(100%)
→来自perfect,完美的。
【记】源于perfect（adj 完美的）
US [pɚ-] noun countable
■a person who wants everything to be perfect and demands the highest standards possible 至善论者；完美主义者
• She's such a perfectionist that she notices even the tiniest mistakes. 她是个完美主义者，连极小的错误都能注意到。
n. 完美主义者，追求完美的人；至善论者
 - completist

Word: pathfinder
Front: pathfinder
[ˈpɑ:θfaɪndə(r)] (33263/17183)
Back: n. 探险者，开创者
分布：探路者(60%)，探索者(40%)
→比喻用法。
n. 探路者，探险者；开拓者，开创者
 - Toread, exploiter

Word: pelvic
Front: pelvic
['pelvɪk] (14968/16291 -1)
Vocabulary: pelvic
(once / 12669 pages)
adj
Anything pelvic relates to the pelvis, which are the bones at the bottom of your spine, below your waist and above your legs. Elvis got in trouble for shaking his pelvic area on television.
Pelvis refers the bowl-shaped bones right below your gut and include your hips. The pelvis is the center of your body, and anything pelvic is therefore important. Men don’t usually have to, but women go for pelvic exams. The pelvic area is crucial in childbirth. It’s also an important part of dance – no one’s getting in trouble for hip shaking these days!
WORD FAMILY
pelvic: pelvically, pelvicly
USAGE EXAMPLES
It's a standard physio-ball plank—great for core stability—combined with hip rotations—great for pelvic mobility.
Golf Digest(Dec 23, 2016)
The hospital’s medical director says that they are suffering from pelvic and other injuries.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
A gene involved in the development of pelvic fins in other fish and of legs in humans was absent in sea horses.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 骨盆的，关于骨盆的
分布：骨盘的(100%)
ADJ
靠近骨盆的；骨盆的
Pelvic means near or relating to your pelvis.

Word: prankster
Front: prankster
['præŋkstə(r)] (23942/40487)
Vocabulary: prankster
(once / 36593 pages)
n
A prankster is someone who loves to play tricks or practical jokes. If your house gets rolled in the night, a prankster hung toilet paper all over the trees in your yard. Congratulations?
To be a prankster, you need a mischievous sense of humor and enough imagination to dream up practical jokes. You could glue a ten-dollar bill to the floor, change your sister's computer settings to Portuguese, or leave your fake bug collection on your teacher's chair. These tricks or hoaxes are also called pranks, the origin of prankster, which probably stems from the obsolete verb prank, "decorate or dress up."
WORD FAMILY
prankster: pranksters+/ prank: pranked, pranking, prankish, pranks, prankster /prankish: prankishly, prankishness
USAGE EXAMPLES
The stunt was a throwback to Jan. 1, 1976, when the prankster Daniel N. Finegood altered the letters in the same way.
New York Times(Jan 01, 2017)
“He was very playful and a prankster,” Ms. Brown said.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Despite a busy political agenda, Biden’s found time to be an in-demand television cameo star, an unofficial ambassador for aviator sunglasses, and everyone’s favorite prankster.
Time(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 顽皮的人，爱开玩笑的人
分布：爱开玩笑的人(54%)，顽皮的人(46%)
恶作剧者(prand恶作剧)[-ster表名词"…人"]
US [-stɚ] noun countable
■someone who performs pranks on people 胡闹的人，开玩笑的人，恶作剧者
n. 爱开玩笑的人；顽皮的人；恶作剧的人
 - joker, jester

Word: ponce
Front: ponce
[pɒns] (15273/27422)
Back: n. 男鸨; 拉皮条者（非正式英式英语）; 娘娘腔的男人; 同性恋男子（非正式英式英语）
分布：男同性恋者(100%)
→俚语，可能来自法语pensionnaire,寄宿者，吃白食者，靠妓女养活者，来自拉丁语pendere,悬挂，依靠，词源同depend,pension.-aire,人。引申词义皮条客，娘娘腔。
US [pɑ:nts] noun countable
CRIMINAL 罪犯 UK informal
■a man who controls prostitutes and takes a large part of the money that they earn for himself 皮条客，拉皮条的男人
UK [pɒnts] US [pɑ:nts] noun countable
MAN 男人 UK informal disapproving
■a man who does not behave, dress or speak in a traditionally male way, especially one who behaves in a very careful way （举止、言谈或穿着）矫揉造作的男人；脂粉气十足的男人
• Don't be such a ponce! Pick the spider up - it won't hurt you! 别胆小得像个女人似的！把蜘蛛抓起来，它伤不到你的！
UK [pɒnts] US [pɑ:nts] verb
  Phrasal Verbs  ponce about/around
LIKE A WOMAN UK informal disapproving
■If a man ponces about/around, he behaves or dresses more like a woman than like a man 穿得花枝招展四处招摇
• He was poncing around in a pair of fluffy slippers/yellow silk dressing gown. 他穿着一双毛茸茸的拖鞋／一件黄丝袍四处招摇。
NOT HELPFUL informal disapproving
■to waste time doing silly things that do not achieve anything or help anyone 游手好闲，瞎晃荡
• There's no time for poncing around - we've got to get these boxes packed by this evening. 没时间再拖拉了，我们今天晚上必须把这些盒子装好。
n. 男妓；靠妓女为生的人，为妓女拉客的人
 - sweetback

Word: psalm
Front: psalm
[sɑ:m] (宝 18368/10279)
Back: n. 赞美诗; 圣诗; 圣歌; (<圣经旧约>中的)<诗篇>
分布：诗篇(45%)，圣歌(30%)，圣诗(19%)，唱圣歌赞美或庆祝(6%)
→来自希腊语psalmos,附和竖琴演奏的乐曲，来自psalterion,弦乐器，竖琴，来自psallein,弹琴，拨琴，来自pal,感觉，触动，词源同feel,palpate.引申词义赞美诗，赞美歌。希腊语插入字母s可能是语音需要。
noun countable
■a holy poem or song, especially one of the 150 collected together in the Bible 圣诗，圣歌，赞美诗；（尤指《圣经•诗篇》中的一篇）诗篇
n. 诗篇；圣歌
 - spiritual, verse

Word: prat
Front: prat
[præt] (-/21757)
Back: n. <英，俚>笨，屁股
分布：名词(100%)
→词源不详，可能来自中古英语prat,恶作剧，欺骗，来自古英语praett,欺骗，诡计，浮夸，耍诈，来自Proto-Germanic*prattuz,夸夸其谈，吹牛，拟声词，词源同prate,pretty.后词义可能由欺骗的施动者变为欺骗的受动者，引申词义笨蛋，蠢驴等。俚语屁股最早出现于16世纪，可能来自不同词源。
noun countable UK informal
■someone who behaves stupidly or has little ability 傻瓜；窝囊废
• He looked a right prat in that pink suit. 他穿着那套粉红色的西装看起来很傻。
• You've made me spill my drink, you prat! 傻瓜，你害我把酒都洒了！
• Occasionally I'll have a few too many drinks at a party and make a prat of my self (= behave stupidly). 有时我会在聚会上多喝几杯，让自己发发酒疯。
[præt] verb (-tt-)
  Phrasal Verbs  prat about/around UK informal
■to behave stupidly, especially when you should be behaving in a responsible way 胡来；瞎闹
• Oh for goodness sake, stop pratting around and get on with your work! 哎呀，看在老天的份上，别胡闹了，继续工作吧！
n. 傻瓜；屁股
 - behind, stupid, fool, ass

Word: rami

Word: radiology
Front: radiology
[ˌreɪdiˈɒlədʒi] (23300/29579)
Vocabulary: radiology
(once / 14223 pages)
n
In medicine, radiology is the specialty that deals with imaging techniques to diagnose or treat disease. If you need an x-ray of your broken thumb, you need an expert in radiology.
The area of a hospital where x-rays or MRIs are taken might be referred to as radiology: "We need to get a look at your brain. We'll send you down to radiology." Radiology also takes the form of ultrasound and CT scans, and all of these various techniques are performed by a radiologist. The Latin root is radiationem, "a shining."
WORD FAMILY
radiology: radiological, radiologist +/ radiologist: radiologists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Fenwick, the manager of radiology at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, said most boats docked there were bought used or repossessed.
Washington Post(Dec 19, 2016)
None of the radiology places I use accepted his insurance, but my staff finally found one that did.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 04, 2016)
The site has no air-conditioned spaces, apart from the mammogram and radiology trucks.
The Guardian(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. <医>放射学，辐射学
分布：放射学(85%)，放射线科(15%)
→radio-,放射的，-logy,学说。
US [-'ɑ:.lə-] noun uncountable
■the scientific study of the medical use of radiation , especially X-rays （尤指研究X射线辐射的）放射学；放射医学
n. [物] [特医] 放射学；放射线科；X光线学
 - roentgenology

Word: psychotherapist
Front: psychotherapist
[ˌsaɪkəʊ'θerəpɪst] (14522/23077)
Back: n. 采用精神治疗法的医生
分布：精神治疗医师(100%)
noun countable
■someone who gives people psychotherapy 心理治疗师
• He sees a psychotherapist twice a week. 他每周接受两次心理治疗。

Word: ragpicker

Word: pubic
Front: pubic
[ˈpju:bɪk] (16539/21312)
Back: adj. 阴毛的，阴部的，耻骨的
分布：耻骨的(36%)，阴毛的(32%)，阴部的(32%)
→来自pubis,耻骨区，-ic,形容词后缀。
adjective [before noun]
■of or near the sexual organs on the outside of a person's body （靠近）阴部的
• pubic hair 阴毛
• the pubic area 阴部
adj. 耻骨的；阴毛的；阴部的
 - pudendal

Word: railwayman
Front: railwayman
[ˈreɪlweɪmən] (-/21738)
Back: n. <主英>铁路员工

Word: reread
Front: reread
[ri:'ri:d] (12271/23573)
Vocabulary: reread
(once / 7854 pages)
v
When you reread something, you read it for a second (or third, or fourth) time. You may want to reread a book for school to make sure you understand the material before a big test.
If you read the back of a cereal box every morning at breakfast, you'll reread the same text again and again. And, if you reread your chemistry notes a few times before a quiz, it'll help you get a good grade. You probably have a favorite book that you reread every once in a while too. Sometimes people use this word as a noun: "Will you give my story a reread before I submit it to the literary magazine?"
WORD FAMILY
reread: rereading, rereads+/ misread: misreading, misreads/misreading: misreadings/nonreader: nonreaders/ read: misread, readable, reader, reading, reads, reread, unread/ readable: readability, readably/ reader: nonreader, readers, readership / readership: readerships/ reading: readings/unread: unreadable/unreadable: unreadably
USAGE EXAMPLES
This is a book that some Brexiters might do well to reread.
The Guardian(Jan 02, 2017)
He said he was rereading “old journals” and letters to girls that he was “courting,” and found them unreadable.
Washington Post(Dec 26, 2016)
What I underlined and reread: Are they her thoughts or mine?
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: vt. 重读，再读
时态：reread, rereading, rereads
分布：重读(70%)，再读(30%)
vt. [计] 重读；再读
 - accentuate
n. [计] 重读
 - stress, accentuation

Word: repeater
Front: repeater
[rɪˈpi:tə(r)] (24347/28944)
Back: n. 连发枪，打簧表; 转电线圈
分布：中继器(64%)，转发器(36%)
→来自 repeat,重复，连续。比喻用法。

Word: repute
Front: repute
[rɪˈpju:t] (托宝 18809/11412)
Vocabulary: repute
(once / 112 pages)
nv
A person of great or fine repute is someone who's widely known and highly respected. The word has a stuffy feel, so you're better off describing a cellist as being of great repute than, say, a rapper or comedian.
Like the words reputation and putative, repute comes from the Latin word putare, which means "consider." And the re? Let's say that the cellist Yo-Yo Ma is widely respected. That means a lot of people consider him to be great. He's considered great not just once but again (and again and again).
WORD FAMILY
repute: disrepute, reputable, reputation, reputed, reputes, reputing+/disreputability: disreputabilities/ disreputable: disreputability, disreputableness, disreputably/reputability: reputabilities/ reputable: disreputable, reputability, reputably/ reputation: reputations
USAGE EXAMPLES
O’Driscoll, the Real IRA’s reputed former chief of staff, was pronounced dead two hours later at Cork’s hospital.
Seattle Times(Dec 07, 2016)
Ross, reputed to be worth $3bn, has been called the “king of bankruptcy” for buying troubled companies and restructuring.
The Guardian(Nov 24, 2016)
I’ve even given him a name, borrowed from the ancient Greek reputed to be the first actor in history.
The New Yorker(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: n. 名气; 美名; 声望; 名誉
vt. 把…称为，认为
时态：reputed, reputing, reputes
分布：名声(50%)，名气(22%)，声望(18%)，认为(7%)，以为(3%)
→re-,再，重新，-put,思考，计算，词源同 putative,compute.即需重新考虑的，引申词义名誉， 名声，以及贬义词义听说，耳闻。
名声,名誉(re再+pute→再让人想起的东西→名声)[put=think,表示"认为,思考"]
【参】reputable（adj 著名的）；reputation（n 名誉）；reputed（adj 名誉好的；被普遍认为的）
【反】opprobrium（n 不名誉；责骂）；lack of distinction（不知名）
[rɪ'pju:t] formal
noun
ill/good, etc. repute
■when someone or something has a bad/good, etc. reputation 坏／好名声等
• a place of ill repute 声名狼藉的地方
[rɪ'pju:t] formal
noun
hold sb in high / low repute
■to respect someone very much/very little 尊重／轻视（某人）
• My father was held in high repute by his colleagues. 我父亲深得他同事的尊重。
n. 名誉；声望
 - credit, name, prestige
vt. 名誉；认为；把…称为
 - expect, count, guess, find, feel

Word: regatta
Front: regatta
[rɪˈgætə] (27027/23839 -1)
Vocabulary: regatta
(once / 8074 pages)
n
A regatta is an organized series of boat races. In a regatta, yachts or sailboats usually participate, but some regattas focus on rowboats or powerboats.
In the 1650s, regatta related to a boat race among gondoliers, held on the Grand Canal in Venice. The Italian word regatta means "contention for mastery" and comes from the Latin word regattare, or "to compete, haggle, sell at retail." Regatta came to specifically mean "boat race" — and the many social events related to it — in the late 1700s.
WORD FAMILY
regatta: regattas
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ainslie's team won after a tie-break in the regatta in Japan by virtue of a better result in the last race.
BBC(Nov 20, 2016)
The Fukuoka regatta is the ninth and final stop of the ACWS.
Washington Times(Nov 19, 2016)
The World Series regatta is the last before the Cup next year and will be the first America’s Cup preliminary event contested in East Asia.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 划船比赛; 赛艇会
分布：赛舟会(100%)
→来自意大利威尼斯方言 regatta,竞争，比赛，词源不详。
US [-'gɑ:.tˌə] noun countable
■a sports event consisting of boat races 赛艇会；划船比赛

Word: rasp
Front: rasp
[rɑ:sp] (宝 19721/17032 -1)
Vocabulary: rasp
(once / 2038 pages)
vn
When you rasp, you either file wood with a metal tool, or you speak in a harsh, irritating voice. Your rasp-y voice might get you a gig as a lounge singer, but probably not as a preschool teacher.
The tool called a rasp is a special kind of wood file that's much coarser than sandpaper, and when you use it, you rasp. If you've ever cared for a horse's hooves, you may have also used a rasp to file them. The "speak gratingly" meaning of rasp comes from the "scraping" sense of the word. If your voice sounds like a rasp against a rough surface, you're rasping.
WORD FAMILY
rasp: rasped, rasping, rasps, raspy +/ rasping: raspingly, raspings/ raspy: raspily
USAGE EXAMPLES
His voice, a Bronx rasp, shades the world in italics.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
The presence of scratches on the inner surface of Alfred’s teeth suggest he was rasping his tongue along the back of them when feeding.
The Guardian(Nov 29, 2016)
In France’s previous qualifier, he struck the winner in a 1-0 win away to the Netherlands with a rasping 30-meter strike.
Washington Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 以粗锉打磨，粗刮; 发出摩擦的刺耳声; 伤（人感情），使焦急; 用急躁刺耳的声音说
n. 粗锉，木锉; [机]锉机，锉磨而发出的刺耳声音; （心里的）焦急，烦躁
时态：rasped, rasping, rasps
分布：刺激(37%)，锉刀(25%)，发出刺耳声(10%)，擦菜板(7%)，用刺耳的声音说(7%)，刺耳的声音(7%)，用锉刀锉(7%)
→来自古法语 rasper,刮，摩擦，可能为拟声词。
US [ræsp] noun
TOOL 工具
countable
■a tool with a rough blade, used for shaping wood or metal 锉；锉刀
UK [rɑ:sp] US [ræsp] noun
SOUND 声音
only singular
■a rough unpleasant noise, like metal being rubbed against metal 刺耳的声音；刮擦声
• There was the rasp of a bolt and the door suddenly opened. 门闩发出一声刺耳的声音，门突然开了。
UK [rɑ:sp] US [ræsp] verb
SOUND 声音
intransitive or transitive
■to make a rough unpleasant sound, especially while breathing or speaking （尤指呼吸或说话时）发出刺耳的声音
• I heard his breath rasping in his chest. 我听到他呼吸时胸腔里发出刺耳的声音。
• The gunman rasped (out) an urgent order (= gave it in an unpleasant-sounding voice) to the other members of the gang. 那个持枪歹徒厉声喝令其同伙赶快照他的话做。
UK [rɑ:sp] US [ræsp] verb
USE TOOL 使用工具
transitive
■to rub something roughly 用锉刀锉；用粗糙的东西磨擦；用力刮擦
• The horse rasped my hand with his tongue as I fed him the apple. 我拿苹果喂马时，它用粗糙的舌头舔我的手。
n. [机] 粗锉刀；锉磨声；刺耳声
 - bastard file, jar

Word: regularise

Word: reorder
Front: reorder
[ˌri:ˈɔ:də(r)] (21748/23880)
Back: v. 再订购，重新安排，重新排序
时态：reordered, reordering, reorders
分布：重新排序(67%)，再订购(27%)，重新布置(6%)
→re-,再，重新，order,定购。
vt. [贸易] 再订购；重新整理
 - repeat order, replume
vi. [贸易] 再订购
 - repeat order

Word: riverbank
Front: riverbank
[ˈrɪvəbæŋk] (14758/22619)
Back: n. 河岸，河堤
分布：河岸(63%)，河堤(37%)

Word: reverential
Front: reverential
[ˌrevəˈrenʃl] (28248/32738)
Vocabulary: reverential
(once / 3636 pages)
adj
When you're reverential, you treat someone or something with a lot of respect. You might speak about your beloved kindergarten teacher in a reverential voice.
To talk about someone in a reverential way or treat a family heirloom with reverential care is to act out of a deep, almost solemn kind of respect. The adjective reverential comes close to implying worship — a devoutly religious person feels reverential toward God, for example. It's rooted in the Latin word reverentia, "awe or respect," from revereri, "to stand in awe of, fear, or be afraid of."
WORD FAMILY
reverential: reverentially+/ irreverence: irreverences/ irreverent: irreverence, irreverently/ revere: revered, reverent, reveres, revering/ reverence: reverenced, reverences, reverencing, reverential / reverent: irreverent, reverence, reverenter, reverently
USAGE EXAMPLES
These works are records of her actions as much as they are reverential records of natural processes.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 28, 2016)
At one point, he became deeply reverential about the power of hip-hop.
The New Yorker(Nov 13, 2016)
There is both a reverential and fearful tone when the taxi driver who takes them to Muwaffaq Hotel mentions Ismail Khan’s name.
Khaled Hosseini, A Thousand Splendid Suns(2007)
Back: adj. 可敬的
分布：表示尊敬的(40%)，虔诚的(40%)，充满敬意的(20%)
US [-ə'rent-] adjective formal
■caused by, or full of respect and admiration 充满敬意
• He opened the ancient book with reverential care. 他充满敬意、小心翼翼地打开了那本古书。
adj. 虔诚的；表示尊敬的；可尊敬的
 - religious, good, worthy

Word: sachet
Front: sachet
[ˈsæʃeɪ] (28644/21888)
Back: n. 小袋洗发剂，香囊
分布：小袋(78%)，小香袋(22%)
→来自法语 sachet,小袋子，词源同 sac,sack.-et,小词后缀。
US [-'-] noun countable
■a small closed container made of paper or plastic, containing a small amount of something, usually enough for only one occasion （通常内容物仅够用一次的）小袋，小包
• a free sachet of shampoo 一小袋免费洗发精
n. 香囊；小袋
 - breast pocket, pouch

Word: rumba
Front: rumba
['rʌmbə] (30372/-)
Back: n. 伦巴舞（由古巴黑人民间舞蹈发展而成的一种交际舞）
vi. 跳伦巴舞
分布：伦巴舞曲(84%)，=rhumba.(16%)
→来自古巴西班牙语 rumba,舞蹈，伦巴舞，来自西班牙语 rumbo,聚会，狂欢。
(also rhumba) ['rʌm.bə] noun countable
■a type of dancing, originally from Cuba, or the music for this （源于古巴的）伦巴舞（曲）

Word: saccharine
Front: saccharine
[ˈsækəri:n] (宝 31086/38450)
Vocabulary: saccharine
(once / 11680 pages)
adj
You might be tempted to turn the radio dial when you hear a love song that is saccharine, meaning that it’s too sweet and sentimental to bear.
The adjective saccharine comes from the Middle Latin word for sugar. Saccharine is a type of sugar substitute that you might sprinkle on your cereal or berries to sweeten them without the calories of real sugar. The word is used to describe something so sweet that it’s annoying — like a very sentimental song or a tear-jerking commercial.
WORD FAMILY
saccharine: saccharinely, saccharinity
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s an offensively annoying mix of saccharine, schmaltz and soap.
Salon(Jan 01, 2017)
But it’s topical, and a star-studded, if saccharine, alternative to the Times Square broadcasts.
New York Times(Dec 31, 2016)
When a word like sweetie, so innocent and saccharine, slips out of the wrong mouth, you’ll wish you were wearing pants.
The Guardian(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: adj. 故作多情的，甜得发腻的
分布：奉承的(45%)，含糖的(33%)，糖质的(11%)，娇媚的(11%)
US [-ɚ-] disapproving
adjective
■too sweet or too polite 甜腻的；过于殷勤的
• I don't trust her, with her saccharine smiles. 我不信任她，因为她总是满脸殷勤的笑容。
• saccharine love songs 过于缠绵的情歌
adj. 含糖的；极甜的；和颜悦色的
 - sugary
n. （美）糖精
 - gluside, saxin

Word: saxophonist
Front: saxophonist
[sækˈsɒfənɪst] (19577/35198)
Back: n. 萨克斯管吹奏者
分布：萨克斯管吹奏者(100%)
US [-'sɑ:.fən-] (informal sax player)
noun countable
■someone who plays the saxophone 萨克斯风吹奏者

Word: sandhurst

Word: sanatorium
Front: sanatorium
[ˌsænəˈtɔ:riəm] (宝 27977/26070)
Back: n. 疗养院
分布：疗养院(88%)，休养所(12%)
疗养院(sanat[=sanat]+orium场所→健康场所)[San,sanit=healthy,表示"健康的"]
【记】san三，at在，orium地方－三种人（病人、康复人员、传染病人）在的地方－疗养院；休养所；隔离病房
【参】sanatory（adj 有益健康的）
US [-'tɔ:r.i-] (plural sanatoriums or sanatoria) (US also sanitarium)
noun countable
■a special type of hospital, usually in the countryside, where people can have treatment and rest, especially when getting better after a long illness 疗养院，休养所
n. 疗养院；休养地
 - sanitarium, rest home

Word: saxe

Word: saleswoman
Front: saleswoman
[ˈseɪlzmən] (高 20767/41106)
Back: n. 女售货员，女店员
分布：女售货员(65%)，女店员(35%)
noun countable
■a female salesperson 女售货员；女推销员
n. 女售货员； [贸易] 女店员
 - shopgirl, midinette

Word: seismology
Front: seismology
[saɪzˈmɒlədʒi] (托 42563/-)
Back: n. 地震学
分布：地震学(100%)
→seismo-,地震，-logy,学说。
US [-'mɑ:.lə-] noun uncountable
■the scientific study of the sudden violent movements of the Earth connected with earthquakes 地震学

Word: scamper
Front: scamper
[ˈskæmpə(r)] (宝 14986/15927)
Vocabulary: scamper
(once / 1655 pages)
vn
To scamper is to move in a hurry. You and your friends might scamper to catch the bus, or your kitten might scamper to catch a mouse.
The verb scamper describes something that's moving in disorderly haste, often out of fear or excitement. You might notice that chipmunks scamper the instant your dog goes outside. You can also use scamper as a noun, when you talk about your death-defying scamper across town in an effort to be on time for your first day of work. Scamper was a very popular word in the late 1800s.
WORD FAMILY
scamper: scampered, scampering, scampers
USAGE EXAMPLES
The cathedral square is filled with tables, and servers scamper to keep the breeze from destroying their handiwork with the napkins.
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
That meant Séamus Coleman was free to scamper up the touchline, and the Irishman was the game’s most influential player in the opening stages.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
Even in the metro, they scamper along the platforms searching for food left by passengers or the homeless spending the night in the subway network.
The Guardian(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地跑，惊惶奔跑
时态：scampered, scampering, scampers
分布：奔跑(66%)，蹦跳(34%)
→可能来自古诺斯法语 escamper,逃跑，来自通俗拉丁语*excampare,逃离战场，来自 ex-,向外， camp,战场。后原词义逐渐消失，用于形容小孩蹦蹦跳跳等。
【记】scamp（n 流氓；强盗；v 草率的作），er：强盗抢了东西就跑s死，camp营地，er人：营地里面有死人－快跑
US [-pɚ] verb intransitive + adverb or preposition
■When small children and animals scamper, they run with small quick steps, in a playful or frightened way （儿童或小动物）嬉闹着快跑；落荒而逃
• The children scampered off into the garden. 孩子们蹦蹦跳跳着跑出去进了花园。
vi. 蹦蹦跳跳；奔跑，惊惶奔跑
 - run, bounce about
n. 蹦跳；奔跑
 - run, crowhop

Word: senile
Front: senile
[ˈsi:naɪl] (宝 21012/14727 -1)
Vocabulary: senile
(once / 4960 pages)
adj
The word senile describes a person who is experiencing dementia brought about by old age — in other words, someone showing signs of senility.
Senile can refer to a loss of physical abilities in old age, but it usually refers to decreased memory and mental faculties. Getting senile is a very serious condition, as an older person might have trouble remembering who their own children are. Many people in nursing homes are senile, because their families aren't able to provide proper care. Of course, people forget things at every age. If you're 10 or 40 and have a bad memory, you're not going senile.
WORD FAMILY
senile: senilely, senility
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I’m a Dylan fan, but this is an ill conceived nostalgia award wrenched from the rancid prostates of senile, gibbering hippies,” the “Trainspotting” author wrote.
Washington Times(Oct 13, 2016)
Those who tortured him are dead now or senile.
Seattle Times(Oct 04, 2016)
To deflect attention from the wrecking-job afoot onstage, Mr Trump entered the arena and stood waving generally, with a waxen half-smile, like a senile dictator.
Economist(Jul 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 衰老的，老年的; 高龄的，高龄所致的; [地]老年期的; 龙钟
分布：衰老的(78%)，年老的(11%)，年老所致的(11%)
→sen-,年老，-ile,形容词后缀。
衰老的(sen+ile...的)[Sen=old,表示"老"]
年老的(sen老+ile;参考:senior年长的,高年级的)[-ile 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"物体"]
【记】se色，ni你，le乐：露出色眯眯的笑容的你，一般来说是老家伙。
US ['sen.aɪl] adjective
■showing poor mental ability because of old age, especially being unable to think clearly and make decisions 老朽的；老态龙钟的；（尤指）老糊涂的
• He spent many years caring for his senile mother. 他花了好多年照顾老态龙钟的母亲。
• I'm always losing my keys these days. I think I must be going senile. 这些天我老是丢锁匙，我想我一定是老糊涂了。

Word: sharer
Front: sharer
['ʃeərə] (31916/40030)
Back: n. 共同收受者，分配者，参与分配或分红者
分布：参与分配或分红者(34%)，分配者(33%)，共同收受者(33%)
n. [计] 分配者；共同收受者；参与分配或分红者
 - distributor, portioner

Word: tardiness
Front: tardiness
['tɑ:dɪnəs] (托 24799/41517)
Vocabulary: tardiness
(once / 9760 pages)
n
Tardiness is the quality of being late. When people don't show up on time, they're guilty of tardiness.
When you're late for something, you're tardy, so tardiness refers to the habit of being late. Because of their tardiness, some people almost never arrive at work, school, or other places when they're expected. Tardiness is very annoying for the people waiting for the tardy person, and too much tardiness at work could get you fired. Tardiness comes from the Latin word tardus, "slow, sluggish, dull, or stupid."
WORD FAMILY
tardiness: tardinesses+/ tardy: tardier, tardiest, tardily, tardiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Actor Peter Lawford had introduced the Some Like It Hot star as the “late Marilyn Monroe”, referring to the actress’s reputation for tardiness.
The Guardian(Nov 18, 2016)
He has 2 1/2 sacks this season, but insisted his lack of production isn’t a result of his tardiness issues.
Washington Times(Nov 09, 2016)
Utah School Employees Association President Jerad Reay said that where schools have started serving breakfast in class, educators see fewer discipline problems, absences and tardiness.
Washington Times(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. 缓慢; 迟延; 拖拉
分布：缓慢(65%)，迟延(35%)
拖拉(tardy的名词)[tard=slow,表示"慢"]
n. 缓慢，迟延
 - slowness, lentitude

Word: tangy
Front: tangy
['tæŋɪ] (宝 16595/27705 -1)
Back: adj. 味道浓烈的，扑鼻的，有刺激性的
分布：强烈的(50%)，有刺激性的(25%)，扑鼻的(25%)
【记】读：烫鸡，特别烫的鸡的味道是扑鼻的。
【反】bland（adj 温和的；乏味的）
adjective
■A tangy flavour is pleasantly strong and sharp （味道）香浓的
• a deliciously tangy lemon tart 美味可口的柠檬馅饼
adj. 扑鼻的；有刺激性的；强烈的
 - intense, burning, sharp, keen, consuming

Word: tipsy
Front: tipsy
[ˈtɪpsi] (21538/23572)
Vocabulary: tipsy
(once / 3371 pages)
adj
Use tipsy to describe a person who's just slightly drunk. If you've ever been to a wedding reception, you've probably seen a tipsy person.
Your aunt who gets a little tipsy on New Year's Eve might giggle more than usual, for example. You can also describe an inanimate object as tipsy, if it's wobbly or unstable, or even a little crooked. Tipsy comes from tip and its meaning of "slope or overturn." The old-fashioned verb tipple, to drink alcohol, came later. In the 1800's, a "tipsy cake" was one soaked in alcohol.
WORD FAMILY
tipsy: tipsier, tipsiest, tipsily, tipsiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
No matter the subject, from healthy eating to tickling Whitney Houston, the tipsy pair tackle it with humour.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
Tipsy or sober, they do have a helpless reverence for Chekhov and a shared history with his plays.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Nolan proceeded to stumble through his explanation, but carefully, like a slightly tipsy person through a well-marked minefield.
The New Yorker(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 喝醉的; 由醉引起的; 不稳的; 歪斜的
分布：微醉的(60%)，倾斜的(20%)，摇摇晃晃的(20%)
→来自 tip,倾斜，倾倒，-sy,形容词后缀，为-y 特殊用法，如 folksy.
['tɪp.si] informal
adjective
■slightly drunk 微醉的
• Auntie Pat is getting a little tipsy again. 派特阿姨又有点醉了。
adj. 喝醉的；歪曲的；不稳的
 - preserved, drunken

Word: timepiece
Front: timepiece
[ˈtaɪmpi:s] (25742/36551)
Back: n. 时钟，座钟
分布：表(58%)，钟(30%)，计时器(12%)
['taɪm.pi:s] old-fashioned or formal
noun countable
■a clock or watch 钟；表

Word: switchboard
Front: switchboard
[ˈswɪtʃbɔ:d] (20061/12373 -1)
Back: n. 配电盘; 电话交换机
分布：配电盘(50%)，电话总机(50%)
→switch,交换，board,电路板。
US [-bɔ:rd] noun countable
■a piece of equipment which is used to direct all the telephone calls made to and from a particular building or area 电话总机，电话交换台
• Tearful fans jammed the radio station's switchboard after the singer's death (= so many people rang that all the telephones were busy). 这位歌手死后，伤心哭泣的歌迷纷纷打电话到电台，使总机忙得不可开交。
n. [电] 配电盘；接线总机
 - distribution panel, cabinet panel

Word: suzhou

Word: trenton
Front: trenton
[ˈtrentən] None
Back: 特伦顿（美国新泽西州首府）

Word: tunic
Front: tunic
[ˈtju:nɪk] (11961/12601 -1)
Vocabulary: tunic
(once / 1483 pages)
1n 2n
A tunic is a loose-fitting shirt that looks sort of like a long shirt or a short dress. For a fashionable summer look, you might pair trousers with a comfortable tunic that extends past your waist.
The ancient Greeks and Romans were early fans of the tunic, and the loose-fitting garment remains popular in modern times. A tunic is popular wardrobe choice in hot, tropical regions because it's loose fitting and comfortable and helps you stay cool. Tunic can also refer to a membrane or tissue that covers something, like an organ or part of a plant. Some plants like tulips and onions have a protective tunic covering the outside of their bulb.
WORD FAMILY
tunic: tunics
USAGE EXAMPLES
The magical world of Oz now features a medieval look with period dress wear for women and the men in tunics.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
“What do you do with a dress like that?” she asked, pointing to a black jersey Joseph tunic priced at $650.
Washington Post(Dec 07, 2016)
In another, bundles of long, beige Afghan-style tunics and pants favored by the group were strewn across the floor.
Washington Post(Dec 03, 2016)
Back: n. （动植物的）膜皮; 束腰宽松外衣; 一套制服的短上衣; （天主教主教等穿的）短祭袍
分布：束腰外衣(55%)，短上衣(29%)，被膜(16%)
→来自拉丁语 tunica,短袍，内衣，词源不详。比较 toga.
noun countable
■a piece of clothing which fits loosely over a person's body, reaches to the waist or knees, and often has no sleeves （无袖）宽松外衣，长袍
• a soldier's tunic 一件士兵的紧身制服上衣
n. 束腰外衣；被膜
 - capsula

Word: transmissible
Front: transmissible
[træns'mɪsəbl] (32036/41155)
Back: adj. 可传送的，可遗传的
分布：能传送的(45%)，可传达的(33%)，可传递的(22%)
adj. 能传送的；能透射的；可传达的
 - communicable, conveyable

Word: transgress
Front: transgress
[trænzˈgres] (雅宝 20882/19327)
Vocabulary: transgress
(once / 795 pages)
v
When you go beyond the boundaries, either physically or morally, you transgress. A river will transgress its banks as it floods, and students who cheat transgress school rules.
Transgress sounds like and means nearly the same thing as trespass. When you transgress a rule, you're breaking it. Religions often talk about transgressing: for Christians, breaking a commandment is transgressing against God by violating his wishes. Any transgression is pushing through a boundary: like a neighbor transgressing by letting their dog into your yard: that's a physical and a legal type of transgressing. The dog got into your territory, and the owners broke a rule.
WORD FAMILY
transgress: transgressed, transgresses, transgressing, transgression, transgressor +/ transgression: transgressions/ transgressor: transgressors
USAGE EXAMPLES
Red lines drawn and transgressed with no consequences.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
Of course, it was his dignity his detractors simply couldn’t stomach, he transgressed the imagined boundaries of class and race.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
“It has transgressed this boundary that Paul Squibb tried to create by being five miles up the road.”
New York Times(Oct 28, 2016)
Back: vt. 超越; 越过; 违反; 违背
vi. 做坏事; 道德败坏; 违反道德; 犯法
时态：transgressed, transgressing, transgresses
分布：违法(42%)，违背(35%)，越界(23%)
→trans-,进入，穿过，-gress,走，词源同 grade,aggressive.引申词义违背，违犯等。
冒犯;违背(trans+gress走→横着走→冒犯)[trans-①表示"横过,越过"②表示"变换,改变,转移"]
超过;违背(trans横+gress→横着走→违背)[gress=go,walk表示"行走"]
【记】trans横，gress走－横着走－违反
【反】obey（v 服从）
[trænz'gres] formal
verb intransitive or transitive
■to break a law or moral rule 违背，违反（法律或道德准则）
• Those are the rules, and anyone who transgresses will be severely punished. 那些是规例，任何人违反都要受到严惩。
vt. 违反；侵犯；犯罪
 - sin, act against
vi. 违反；违法；越界
 - vary, be in breach of

Word: tweezers
Front: tweezers
[ˈtwi:zəz] (雅 20520/25268)
Back: n. 镊子; 捏钳
分布：镊子(97%)，名词tweezer的复数形式.(3%)
→改写自 tweezes,镊子，钳子，复数形式于 tweeze,缩写自 etweese,来自法语 etui,小箱子，小盒 子。插入字母 r,比较 trousers 改写自 trouzes.比喻用法，即由装镊子等物件的小箱子代指镊 子，钳子。词义演变比较 toilet,原义为小袋子，化妆品袋。
US [-zɚz/ (US also tweezer)
plural noun
■a small piece of equipment made of two narrow strips of metal joined at one end. It is used to pull out hairs or to pick up small objects by pressing the two strips of metal together with the fingers 镊子，小钳子
• a pair of tweezers 一把镊子
• eyebrow tweezers 眉毛镊子

Word: uncollected
Front: uncollected
['ʌnkə'lektɪd] (30673/35143)
Back: adj. 不安的，狼狈的; 未收
分布：未收集的(100%)
adj. 不安的；狼狈的；未收款的
 - troubled, intranquil

Word: underdevelopment
Front: underdevelopment
[ˌʌndədɪ'veləpmənt] (24558/28231)
Back: n. 不发达
分布：不发达(78%)，发展不充分(15%)，发育不良(7%)

Word: uninformed
Front: uninformed
[ˌʌnɪnˈfɔ:md] (17626/18889)
Back: adj. 信息不足的; 情况不明的; 未受教育的; 无知的
分布：知识贫乏的(50%)，未得到通知的(50%)
US [-'fɔ:rmd] adjective
■not having much information about something; not informed 资讯贫乏的；不了解情况的；无知的
• Individuals and businesses appear woefully uninformed about this aspect of the information age. 个人和企业似乎对资讯时代的这一方面无知到了可悲的地步。
UK [ˌʌn.ɪn'fɔ:md] US [-'fɔ:rmd] plural noun
the uninformed
■people who do not have much information or knowledge about something 无知的；未受教育的；资讯不足的
• Individuals with knowledge must attempt to educate the uninformed. 有知识的人应当试着去教化无知者。
adj. 无知的；未被通知的；未受教育的；不学无术的
 - dark, empty, ignorant, innocent

Word: unprocessed
Front: unprocessed
[ʌn'prəʊsest] (27588/35963)
Back: adj. （尤指食物、原材料）未经加工的; 原
分布：未加工的(100%)

Word: ungodly
Front: ungodly
[ʌnˈgɒdli] (24228/33078)
Back: adj. 不虔诚的
分布：邪恶的(49%)，不敬神的(29%)，不能容忍的(22%)
US [-'gɑ:d-] informal
adjective [before noun]
■extreme or unacceptable 极端的；不可接受的；不恰当的
• I had to get up at some ungodly hour in the morning to take her to the airport. 我必须一大早起来送她去机场。
adj. 邪恶的；不敬畏神的；荒唐的
 - evil, ill, black, ugly, wicked

Word: unflappable
Front: unflappable
[ˌʌnˈflæpəbl] (宝 24453/35392)
Vocabulary: unflappable
(once / 34160 pages)
adj
To be unflappable is to be calm and relaxed, even in a stressful situation. A confident person is usually unflappable.
Some people get nervous and jittery under pressure, while others are unflappable. If you're unflappable, you stay calm, relaxed, and poised no matter what's happening. A good kindergarten teacher stays unflappable in the midst of chaos, and a successful businessperson is unflappable when faced with deadlines and unexpected problems. The earliest use of this word was in 1953, in reference to the British prime minister. At its root is flap, twentieth-century British slang meaning "disturbance or tumult."
WORD FAMILY
unflappable: unflappably+/ flap: flapped, flapping, flaps, unflappable /flapping: flappings
USAGE EXAMPLES
The psychiatrist was a kind Serbian man with an unflappable expression.
New York Times(Oct 12, 2016)
TUSCALOOSA, Ala. — Alabama’s defense still seems to have a wall erected at the goal line, and Jalen Hurts remains unflappable enough to shrug off mistakes.
Washington Post(Nov 26, 2016)
“He did a great job tonight staying poised. To me that’s one of the keys, the poise he’s playing with is kind of unflappable.”
Seattle Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: adj. <口>不易惊慌的，镇定的
分布：镇定自若的(82%)，临危不乱的(18%)
→un-, 不，非，flappable, 紧张的。
【记】un不，flappable（adj 容易兴奋的）：镇定自若的
【反】disturbed（adj 扰乱的）
adjective
■not likely to get worried, nervous or angry even in difficult situations 镇定自若的，沉着冷静的
• She's totally unflappable - you have to be when working in such a highly-pressured environment. 她非常沉着冷静—在压力如此之大的环境下工作必须这样。
adj. 镇定的，不慌张的
 - collected, unperturbed

Word: unrequited
Front: unrequited
[ˌʌnrɪˈkwaɪtɪd] (宝 23161/23294)
Vocabulary: unrequited
(once / 8342 pages)
adj
Unrequited is used almost exclusively in the context of romantic love. If you love someone and they don't love you back––that, my friend, is a case of unrequited love.
Unrequited love is so painful, most people feel they are the first person in history to experience it, but the word unrequited has in fact been around since the 1520s, when it was invented, like many good words, to talk about money. It derived from re- 'back' + the Middle English quite 'pay up.'
WORD FAMILY
unrequited: unrequitedly+/requital: requitals/ requite: requital, requited, requites, requiting/requited: unrequited
USAGE EXAMPLES
I am going to make a blanket statement: People are generally not as good as hiding their unrequited affections as they think they are.
Slate(Nov 28, 2016)
Queen Latifah’s capable flow and Sia’s powerhouse vocals bring this track about unrequited love and sacrifice a new, urgent life.
Time(Nov 11, 2016)
I call it my story of unrequited love.
New York Times(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: adj. （尤指爱情）得不到回应或报答的
分布：无报答的(67%)，得不到回应的(33%)
→un-, 不，非，requited,回报，报答。即不求回报的，引申词义单相思。
【记】un不，requite（v 报答），d：无报答的
【反】remunerative（adj 有报酬的；有利的）
US [-tˌɪd] formal or humorous
adjective
■If love that you feel for someone is unrequited, it is not felt in the same way by the other person （爱情）单方面的，得不到回报的，单相思的
• It's just another poem on the pain of unrequited love. 这不过又是一首表现单思之苦的诗。
adj. 无回报的；无报酬的
 - unpaid, uncompensated

Word: vainglorious
Front: vainglorious
[ˌveɪnˈglɔ:riəs] (37846/37673)
Vocabulary: vainglorious
(once / 11951 pages)
adj
If you admire yourself in the mirror all the time and constantly brag about all the beauty contests you have won, you might rightfully get accused of being vainglorious.
A vainglorious attitude is not very likable in a person and can be annoying to be around. Vainglorious people are vain, excessively boastful, and have swelled pride. The base word, vainglory, dates all the way back to the 14th century and means “worthless glory.”
WORD FAMILY
vainglorious: vaingloriously+/ vainglory: vainglories, vainglorious
USAGE EXAMPLES
Perhaps no more directorially vainglorious moment of religious pomp has ever been put on film.
The New Yorker(Nov 03, 2016)
His vainglorious performance has many partisan Republicans aghast.
Washington Times(Oct 11, 2016)
This is the vainglorious Trump who can’t stand to be criticized.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 非常自负的，虚荣心强的; 爱虚荣
分布：非常自负的(55%)，虚荣心强的(45%)
→vain,虚无的，glory,辉煌。引申词义自命不凡的。

Word: vagabond
Front: vagabond
[ˈvægəbɒnd] (宝 23492/22434)
Vocabulary: vagabond
(once / 1203 pages)
nadjv
A vagabond is someone who moves around a lot. Picture Boxcar Willie, bandana on a stick thrown over his shoulder, going wherever the breeze takes him.
Vagabond can also be an adjective, a nomadic tribe is a vagabond one, or the person who moved eight times in two years is living a vagabond life. It's from the Latin word vagabundus (from vagari, "wander") which means "inclined to wander." So — if you were born a ramblin' man, you might just be a vagabond.
WORD FAMILY
vagabond: vagabondage, vagabonded, vagabonding, vagabonds
USAGE EXAMPLES
“He was not some itinerant vagabond,” Davis said.
Washington Post(Dec 03, 2016)
“I wanna go somewhere where nobody knows,” she sings in “Highway Vagabond.”
Los Angeles Times(Nov 18, 2016)
And “Highway Vagabond” is downright shaggy, even though its lyrics about hippie drifters are better suited to Jake Owen.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. 流浪者，游手好闲者
adj. 流浪的; 流浪者的; 漂泊的; 声名狼藉的
分布：流浪汉(48%)，流浪的(32%)，居无定所的(12%)，无业游民(8%)
→来自拉丁语vagabundus,漫游，流浪，vag-, 漫游，词源同vagus, -bundus, 拉丁语动名词后缀，词源同be.
流浪的人(vaga+bond倾向与...的→倾向于流浪的人)[uag,uogr=wader,表示"漫游"]
US [-bɑ:nd] old use or literary
noun countable
■a person who has no home and usually no job, and who travels from place to place 流浪者；（通常指）无业游民
• They live a vagabond life/existence, travelling around in a caravan. 他们开着大篷车四处漂泊过活。
Compare vagrant
adj. 流浪的；流浪者的；浪荡的；漂泊的
 - ragamuffinly, wandering
n. 流浪者；浪子；流氓；懒汉
 - soldier, Nads

Word: vagrant
Front: vagrant
[ˈveɪgrənt] (宝 23961/16730)
Vocabulary: vagrant
(once / 1773 pages)
nadj
A vagrant is someone who is homeless and poor and may wander from place to place. In fiction a vagrant often is a criminal, but a real-life vagrant might just be a person who has lost a job and family and lives off the streets with help from charity.
Many synonyms for vagrant imply laziness and criminal behavior, such as "bum," "tramp," and "vagabond," and some vagrants do make money through crime. Often, though, a vagrant is a down-on-his-luck person who has lost work, family, or health and lives on the streets. European roots for vagrant point to "wander" or "wander about," and a vagrant is a wanderer — a man or woman without a place to call home.
WORD FAMILY
vagrant: vagrancy, vagrantly, vagrants+/vagrancy: vagrancies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Many of the properties have sat vacant for years, costing money to maintain, inviting vagrants and reminding locals of jobs that have disappeared.
The Guardian(Nov 06, 2016)
While some news reports have suggested the area was teeming with vagrants, Mr. Buttner said the park was usually empty.
New York Times(Aug 22, 2016)
I can quickly and easily add logic and test theories on my local vagrant box.
New York Times(Aug 29, 2016)
Back: n. 流浪者; <律>无业游民; 乞丐; 无赖
adj. 流浪的; （思想）游移不定的; （风等）无定向的; （植物）蔓生的
分布：流浪汉(40%)，流浪的(20%)，漂泊的(13%)，游荡的(11%)，无赖(8%)，漂泊者(8%)
→通常认为来自古法语walcrer,漫游者，流浪者，词源同walk,拼写受拉丁语vagus影响。
流浪的(vagr+ant→漫游的→流浪的)[uag,uogr=wader,表示"漫游"]
['veɪ.grənt] formal or legal
noun countable
■a person who is poor and does not have a home or job; a tramp 流浪者；无业游民；乞丐
• The town has shelters and food handouts for vagrants. 这个镇为流浪者提供住处和免费食物。
adj. 流浪的；漂泊的；游荡的
 - ragamuffinly, wandering
n. 游民；流浪者；无赖；漂泊者
 - cad, vag

Word: vaporise

Word: viscosity
Front: viscosity
[vɪ'skɒsətɪ] (托 24117/17801)
Vocabulary: viscosity
(once / 34459 pages)
n
Viscosity is the thickness of a liquid. Water flows easily. Honey does not — that's why it has greater viscosity than water.
Viscosity, pronounced "vis-KOSS-ih-tee," tells you how sticky a liquid is. In the working of machines and car engines, viscosity is important. Thick oils and lubricants that have high viscosity, meaning they coat and cling, keep hard metal parts from wearing down as they rub together. Oils with dense viscosity keep machine parts from having too much friction and burning out.
WORD FAMILY
viscosity: viscosities+/ viscous: viscosity, viscously, viscousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
“We showed that decreasing champagne viscosity would improve drop evaporation,” said Liger-Belair.
The Guardian(Dec 23, 2016)
Over the next few years, she and Karp tested different versions of the glue, each with a slight variation in viscosity or adhesive properties.
The Guardian(Oct 25, 2016)
If the viscosity theory is correct, the waves should propagate in the opposite direction, from the ground to the clouds.
New York Times(Oct 17, 2016)
Back: n. <术>黏稠; 黏性; 粘质; 粘性
分布：粘度(87%)，粘性(13%)
n. 粘性， [物] 粘度
 - stickiness, adhesiveness

Word: venison
Front: venison
[ˈvenɪsn] (16942/22952 -1)
Vocabulary: venison
(once / 1590 pages)
n
Bambi, beware. Venison is deer meat intended as food.
Venison is derived from the medieval French word venesoun, which originally described the meat of any large animal, not just deer. Back then, venison was as common as a Big Mac today (rather than as the fairly classy meal it's considered today). In Britain, before 1066, when the French came over and conquered them, the Brits had pretty simple names for their meat: cow, pig, deer, etc. The French, with their high regard for cuisine, changed all that, and the names became beef, bacon, and venison. The British, though, despite the fancy new names, famously refused to take cooking as seriously as their new French rulers.
WORD FAMILY
venison: venisons
USAGE EXAMPLES
The program allows hunters to donate deer to be processed into ground venison, which ends up in the stomachs of hungry Iowans.
Washington Times(Dec 17, 2016)
Hunters Sharing the Harvest is a 25-year-old, statewide nonprofit charity that distributes donated venison to food banks and food assistance centers.
Washington Times(Dec 10, 2016)
“This past year, it was some of the best venison I’ve ever eaten.”
Washington Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 鹿肉; <古>野味; 猎兽
分布：鹿肉(74%)，野味(26%)
→来自wen,努力，追求，渴求，词源同win,Venus,引申词义打猎，猎物，后特别指鹿肉。
【记】ven＝wen吻，ni你，son儿子：因为他送来了鹿肉
【参】venery（n 性欲；猎物）
noun uncountable
■meat that comes from a deer 鹿肉

Word: volition
Front: volition
[vəˈlɪʃn] (宝 19937/20159)
Vocabulary: volition
(once / 2001 pages)
n
When you do something voluntarily, you do it of your own volition, or will. Doing something willingly, or because you agree to it, is doing something of your own volition.
Volition comes from Latin and French roots meaning "wish" or "will." Legal speech and writing often include the word volition, as a way to affirm that a person involved in a crime acted "on their own volition," or consented to be part of the crime. Maybe criminals don't wish to go to jail, but their acts often show their volition to break the law.
WORD FAMILY
volition: volitional, volitions+/ volitional: volitionally
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The change must be of some concrete sort—an outward or inward sensible series, or a process of attention or volition,” James wrote.
The New Yorker(Dec 11, 2016)
Crites said he had not formal connection to the Clinton campaign and decided to attend the rally on his own volition.
The Guardian(Nov 06, 2016)
David Thompson says officials believe Hooper went missing on her own volition.
Washington Times(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: n. 意志; 意愿; 决定; 选择
分布：意志力(70%)，决定(20%)，自主(10%)
→来自wel,希望，意愿，词源同will，voluntary.引申词义意志力。
意志力,决心(vol+ition表明词)[vod,otunt=wish,will,表示"意志,意愿"]
【记】vol＝will（n 意志；决心），ition：意志
【参】benevolent（adj 好意的）；malevolent（adj 恶意的）
【反】inability to choose（不能选择）
[və'lɪʃ.ən] formal
noun uncountable
■the power to make your own decisions 决断能力；意志力
• The Minister wished it to be known that he had left the cabinet (out) of his own volition (= it was his decision). 这位部长希望人们知道他是自己决定离开内阁的。
n. 意志，意志力；决断力
 - purpose, psychokinesis

Word: volga

Word: woodside

Word: workmanlike
Front: workmanlike
[ˈwɜ:kmənlaɪk] (32432/22696)
Back: adj. <褒>技术熟练的，有技巧的，精工细作的
分布：工人似的(100%)
US ['wɝ:k-] adjective approving
■skilful 技术纯熟的；能工巧匠般的
• The Australian side turned in a very workmanlike performance. 澳大利亚一方表现得很有水准。
■disapproving
■showing an acceptable level of skill but no great ability or style 技艺平平的；一般水准的
• I had hoped for a little more from the world's greatest tenor, whose performance was workmanlike but hardly inspired. 我对世界上最伟大的男高音的期望值更高一些，他的表演水准还行，却没甚么激情。

Word: vulgarity
Front: vulgarity
[vʌlˈgærəti] (托 19407/20291)
Vocabulary: vulgarity
(once / 2173 pages)
n
Vulgarity is the quality of being crude and lacking refinement. Fart jokes and swearing are both forms of vulgarity.
One of the criteria used in assessing whether a movie is rated PG-13, R or even X is how much vulgarity in involved. Vulgarity is the quality of being offensive and crass. Fart jokes, sexual humor, and obscenities are all examples of vulgarity. A R-rated movie or TV show on cable likely has some vulgarity. Vulgarity doesn't get much respect because it appeals to people's cruder instincts.
WORD FAMILY
vulgarity: vulgarities+/ vulgar: vulgarer, vulgarest, vulgarian, vulgarise, vulgarism, vulgarity, vulgarize, vulgarly/vulgarian: vulgarians/vulgarisation: vulgarisations/vulgarise: vulgarisation, vulgarised, vulgariser, vulgarises, vulgarising/vulgarism: vulgarisms/vulgarization: vulgarizations/vulgarize: vulgarization, vulgarized, vulgarizer, vulgarizes, vulgarizing/vulgarizer: vulgarizers
USAGE EXAMPLES
This was a year in which vulgarity, divisiveness and exclusion won – a triumph for dystopian visions of race, nation and ethnicity.
The Guardian(Dec 30, 2016)
These objects and the act of writing, said Mr. Komurki, are “an affordable luxury in a time of crushing vulgarity.”
Wall Street Journal(Dec 15, 2016)
It’s been easier for the FA to ignore the demonization of an honorable man than confront fans and rid stadiums of this particular vulgarity.
Slate(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 庸俗; 粗俗; 粗野的行为; 粗俗的话
分布：粗俗(76%)，粗鄙(20%)，卑俗性(4%)
粗俗,粗鄙(vulgar粗俗的+ity)[vulg=people"表示"人群"]
【记】vulgar（adj 粗俗的），ity：粗俗
【参】vulgarian（n 俗物；俗人）
n. 粗俗；粗俗语；粗野的动作
 - indelicacy, plebeianism

Word: wehrmacht

Word: waddle
Front: waddle
[ˈwɒdl] (宝 17765/21207)
Vocabulary: waddle
(once / 3144 pages)
vn
A duck's walk is a waddle. To imitate it, turn your feet away from each other and take short clumsy steps that make you swing unsteadily from side to side.
Ducks aren't the only animals known to waddle. Penguins with their little tiny feet may waddle along the ice, though they move gracefully through the water. If your footing is unsteady, you might waddle a little too as you tread carefully. Don't confuse waddle with wattle. A wattle is the red bit of flesh that hangs from the necks of turkeys and chickens. Wattles waddle back and forth as birds waddle along.
WORD FAMILY
waddle: waddled, waddler, waddles, waddling+/waddler: waddlers
USAGE EXAMPLES
She waved gaily, from the midst of students and a few parents, then quickly waddled over to us.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
He hates the snow, finds his own waddling ridiculous, and wishes the other penguins would zip it already with the squawking.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
The only thing worse than the masses of waddling slobs you see everywhere now are the number of elderly fatsos.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: vi. （像鸭子一样）摇摇摆摆地走
n. 摇摆的步子，蹒跚
时态：waddled, waddling, waddles
分布：蹒跚(31%)，摇摇摆摆地走(26%)，蹒跚而行(26%)，摇摆的步子(17%)
→来自wade,跋涉，-le,表反复。引申义蹒跚地走。
【记】读：哇逗，哇塞，真逗！这人儿走路跟鸭子似的。
US ['wɑ:.dl] verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■(usually of a person or animal with short legs and a fat body) to walk with short steps, swinging the body from one side to the other （通常指肥胖腿短的人或动物）蹒跚而行，摇摇摆摆地走
n. 蹒跚；摇摆的步子
 - titubation, hitchiness
vi. 摇摇摆摆地走；蹒跚而行
 - wag

Word: wordy
Front: wordy
[ˈwɜ:di] (31692/33817)
Back: adj. <贬>冗长的; 唠叨的; 絮叨; 数黑论黄
级别：wordier, wordiest
分布：冗长的(56%)，文字的(20%)，口头的(16%)，多言的(8%)
US ['wɝ:-] disapproving
adjective
■containing an unnecessarily large amount of words 冗长的；啰嗦的
• As usual she gave a reply which was wordy and didn't answer the question. 像往常一样，她的回答十分啰嗦，而且答非所问。
adj. 冗长的；口头的；唠叨的；文字的
 - oral, spoken, written

Word: addax

Word: wunderkind
Front: wunderkind
[ˈwʊndəkɪnd] (27585/-)
Back: n. 神童，少年得志者，有巨大成就的青年人
→来自德语wunderkind, 即wonder child. 拼写比较kindergarten.
US [-dɚ-] noun countable
■a person who is very clever or good at something and achieves success at a young age 神童；少年得志者

Word: accrual
Front: accrual
[ə'kru:əl] (32798/28515)
Vocabulary: accrual
(once / 211060 pages)
n
That nest egg in the bank that gets bigger each year with interest? That's an accrual — a sum of money, or benefit of some kind, that gets bigger over time.
Strictly speaking, an accrual doesn't have to be financial. Most religions believe you can obtain a spiritual accrual by doing good deeds on earth, for example. The origin of the word, as well as other similar terms such as accrue (the act of obtaining an accrual) come from the Latin word accrescere — meaning "to become larger."
WORD FAMILY
accrual: accruals+/ accrue: accrual, accrued, accruement, accrues, accruing/accruement: accruements
USAGE EXAMPLES
The bank said non-interest expenses rose due in part to higher litigation accruals and salaries.
New York Times(Oct 14, 2016)
But it would end up being one of many little things—a slow accrual, compounding steadily and imperceptibly toward critical mass.
Jon Krakauer, Into Thin Air(1996)
While it would be nice to think that over time, accrual items balance out with actual cash flow, this is not always the case.
US News(Jul 06, 2016)
Back: n. 获利; 利息; 自然增长; 自然增长物
分布：自然增长(51%)，收益的(33%)，增长物(16%)
noun countable or uncountable
■a gradual increase in an amount of money （钱的）累积，增加，增多

Word: abhorrence
Front: abhorrence
[əbˈhɒrəns] (29710/32781)
Vocabulary: abhorrence
(once / 2212 pages)
n
Abhorrence is a feeling of hate and disgust. If you have an abhorrence of violence, you probably won't want to watch "The Texas Chainsaw Massacre."
The Latin ancestor of abhorrence isn't all that different from today's word or its meaning — it comes from abhorrēre, which means "to shrink back from," and it became synonymous with loathing in the early 17th century. Note the similarity to the word horror — a good way to remember the word's meaning. The Polish physicist Joseph Rotblat knew the power of the word when he used it to refer to the "widespread instinctive abhorrence of nuclear weapons.”
WORD FAMILY
abhorrence: abhorrences+/ abhor: abhorred, abhorrence, abhorrent, abhorrer, abhorring, abhors/ abhorrent: abhorrently/abhorrer: abhorrers
USAGE EXAMPLES
That lesson carried into today’s America, thanks to our Founding Fathers’ abhorrence for imperialist Great Britain’s unwarranted search and seizure of personal documents.
Salon(Dec 11, 2016)
The lack of abhorrence is not professional restraint: it is genuine.
The Guardian(Nov 29, 2016)
Abhorrence of Trump failed to drive enough voters to the polls for Clinton.
Time(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: n. 厌恶; 憎恨; 令人憎恶的事或人; 极讨厌的东西
分布：憎恶(100%)
US [æb'hɔ:r-] formal
noun [S or U]
■a feeling of hating something or someone 憎恶；憎恨；厌恶
• She looked at him in/with abhorrence. 她憎恶地看着他。
• She has an abhorrence of change. 她憎恶变革。
n. 痛恨，厌恶
 - virulency, aversion

Word: agog
Front: agog
[əˈgɒg] (宝 31365/34777)
Vocabulary: agog
(once / 9618 pages)
adj
The word agog means with great excitement and interest. When you’re falling over yourself with excitement and curiosity to see who’s coming up the red carpet next, you’re agog about celebrities.
At Christmas time, you are probably agog to see what's in all the beautiful presents. An easy way to remember what agog means is to think of it as goggle-eyed, which it sounds a bit like. When you’re agog, you’re goggle-eyed with excitement about something, whatever that happens to be. In truth, the word has nothing to do with goggle-eyes, but instead relates to the Middle French word en gogues which means "full of mirth, good humor, and joyfulness."
WORD FAMILY
agog
USAGE EXAMPLES
“But I’m agog at how little he cares about storytelling conventions, like suspense and reveals. He’s ultimately more experimental than I am.”
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
Aboard Clinton’s campaign plane, meanwhile, the candidate and her aides would catch up on news and become agog by what they read about Trump’s performances.
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
The array of shapes and sizes leaves one agog.
Time(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: adj. & adv. 渴望的（地）; 期待着的（地）; 极兴奋的（地）; 激动的（地）
adj. 焦急地期待着
分布：兴奋的(50%)，有强烈兴趣的(50%)
→词源不祥。
渴望的,热心的(引导人往前走的心情→渴望的)[agog=lead,表示"引导"]
【记】1）读：我高歌，因为太兴奋了，太激动了2）agog作为词根＝“引导”，如：demagogue（n 煽动政治家）3）agog＝go go，let’s go，去蹦的吧！－有强烈兴趣的
US [-'gɑ:g] adjective [after verb]
■excited; eager to know or see more 极度兴奋的；兴奋期待的，急切的
• We waited agog for news. 我们渴盼得到音讯。
adj. 兴奋的；有强烈兴趣的
 - be excited, heady
adv. 热切地；渴望地
 - eagerly, longingly

Word: almanac
Front: almanac
[ˈɔ:lmənæk] (19960/33876)
Vocabulary: almanac
(once / 2800 pages)
n
An almanac is an annual publication devoted to the facts and statistics of a given subject. You might consult a sports almanac for the coming year's scheduled games, or information on your favorite (or least favorite) player.
The background of the noun almanac is somewhat hazy, with some suggesting it came from the Greek almenichiakon and others suggesting it came from the Spanish-Arabic al-manakh, both meaning "calendar." The astronomical almanac was once a book of permanent tables, with the annual version appearing in the 16th Century. Perhaps the most famous almanacs were Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac, and the Farmer's Almanac, published continuously since 1792, which offers weather predictions as well as astronomical tables and gardening tips.
WORD FAMILY
almanac: almanacs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Our source is the Old Farmer’s Almanac, and here is the how-to:
Washington Times(Dec 22, 2016)
For followers of the Stock Trader’s Almanac and others who look for patterns in the stock market, those were resounding portents of financial doom.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Researchers at Durham University and the UK’s Nautical Almanac Office gathered historical accounts of eclipses and other celestial events from 720BC to 2015.
The Guardian(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 历书; 年历; 黄历; 年鉴
分布：年鉴(69%)，年历(31%)
→阿拉伯语。al, 定冠词。-man, 同moon,月，此处指年。
US ['ɑ:l-] US ['æl-] noun countable
■a book published every year that contains facts and information such as important days, times of the sun rising and going down or changes in the moon 年历，历书
n. [图情] 年鉴； [天] 历书；年历
 - annual, year book

Word: ambit
Front: ambit
[ˈæmbɪt] (32206/17051)
Vocabulary: ambit
(once / 102777 pages)
n
An ambit is the area or range that someone controls or affects. The kid who's voted president of her sixth grade class is going to be thrilled, despite her relatively small ambit.
The origins of ambit go back to the Latin word for "going about or going round," ambitus, and for a time, ambit literally meant "the area surrounding a building." Today, the range of a person or group's power is their ambit. For example, if a crime is committed on a college campus, the town police won't investigate if they decide that it's the ambit of the college police, or under their jurisdiction.
WORD FAMILY
ambit: ambits
USAGE EXAMPLES
The "black economy" could account for about a fifth of India's GDP, according to investment firm Ambit.
BBC(Nov 13, 2016)
Transactions that take place outside formal channels amounts to around 20 percent of India's annual $2 trillion gross domestic product, according to investment firm Ambit.
Reuters(Nov 11, 2016)
TripAdvisor has a slightly different problem: Its ambit is so broad that its recommendations have come to represent a safe median, a poll of polls.
New York Times(Aug 23, 2016)
Back: n. 范围，界限
分布：境界(69%)，界限(31%)
→前缀ambi-, 两边，周围。词根it , 走。
['æm.bɪt] formal
noun uncountable
■the range or limits of influence of something （影响所及的）范围，界限
• They believe that all the outstanding issues should fall within the ambit of the talks. 他们认为，所有悬而未决的问题都应纳入会谈范围之内。
n. 范围；周围
 - extent, boundary, region, scope, spectrum, territory, range

Word: ani
Front: ani
[ˈɑ:ni] (38721/-)
Back: n. 美洲黑杜鹃; 犀鹃
分布：美洲黑杜鹃(100%)

Word: antichrist

Word: antimalarial
Front: antimalarial
[ænti:mə'leərɪəl] (33207/-)
Back: n. 抗疟药
adj. 抗疟的
分布：抗疟药(87%)，抗疟疾的(13%)

Word: antilles

Word: anal
Front: anal
[ˈeɪnl] (14611/9352 -1)
Vocabulary: anal
(once / 9271 pages)
adj
Technically, anything anal has to do with your anus, although you'll probably hear it more often to describe someone with a really meticulous, type-A personality.
If you've ever heard someone described as anal retentive, you may already know that term means someone is fussy, orderly, compulsive, and — to use a vulgar slang term — tight-assed. Anal things have to do with the anus (in slang, your butthole). The anal stage of childhood occurs when kids are extremely fascinated with their anus. A thermometer that goes up your anus is an anal thermometer. When you hear anal, think "butthole-related."
WORD FAMILY
anal: anally, preanal
USAGE EXAMPLES
I was very hesitant about a drastic step such as removing his anal glands, so I started researching, trying to find alternative causes.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
This year, a Kenyan high court ruled that “anal tests” aimed at determining people’s sexual orientation were legal.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Many of a dog’s identifying smells are in the anal glands.
New York Times(Oct 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 肛门的; 直肠的; 肛门附近的
分布：肛门的(44%)，肛门附近的(31%)，直肠的(25%)
→来自PIE *ano, 圆形，环形，同anus, 肛门。
adjective
BODY PART 身体部位
■relating to the opening at the end of the intestines through which solid waste leaves the body 肛门的
• the anal passage/sphincter 肛道／肛门括约肌
• anal sex 肛交
['eɪ.nəl] adjective
MENTAL STATE 精神状态 informal
■ anally retentive
• his anal fondness for filing 他极度热衷整理档的怪癖
adj. [解剖] 肛门的，直肠的；肛门附近的
 - rectal

Word: anorexia
Front: anorexia
[ˌænəˈreksiə] (宝 16765/13171 -1)
Vocabulary: anorexia
(once / 33015 pages)
n
Anorexia is a serious medical disorder in which someone has no appetite, and so doesn't eat. If someone you know becomes so thin that it alarms you, they might have anorexia.
Anorexia means "no appetite" in Greek. The full name of the medical disorder is anorexia nervosa, a very serious problem that causes people to starve themselves as the result of an emotional disturbance rather than a problem with food or digestion, or simply not being hungry.
WORD FAMILY
anorexia: anorectic+/anorectic: anorectics/ anorexic: anorexia, anorexically, anorexics
USAGE EXAMPLES
Symptoms include fever, nasal secretions, poor balance, anorexia and aborted pregnancies.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Symptoms include fever, nasal secretions, trouble with balance and anorexia, as well as aborted pregnancies.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Eating-disorder caregivers and advocates welcome Marathe’s help in shattering the myth that anorexia afflicts only well-to-do white girls and women.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. 厌食症; 厌食; 食欲缺乏; 胃呆
分布：厌食症(100%)
→前缀an-, 无，没有。-orex, 同reach. 没兴趣伸手的，厌食的。
【记】1）an非，无，orex＝orexis食欲，ia病－无食欲的病－厌食症2）a一个，no不，re拼：热，xia病－一个不热的病－厌食症很easy！因为不吃食物就不能摄入卡路里，就不能产生热量。
N-UNCOUNT
食欲缺乏；厌食（症）
Anorexia or anorexia nervosa is an illness in which a person has an overwhelming fear of becoming fat, and so refuses to eat enough and becomes thinner and thinner.
n. [内科] 厌食；神经性厌食症
 - asitia

Word: asphyxiate
Front: asphyxiate
[əsˈfɪksieɪt] (宝 28732/36527)
Vocabulary: asphyxiate
(once / 11532 pages)
v
To asphyxiate is to keep someone from breathing — to suffocate or smother them. Choking on a piece of food can asphyxiate a person.
Your body needs to breathe oxygen in order to function, and when it's deprived of oxygen that's called asphyxia or asphyxiation. If a person stops being able to breathe, you can also say they asphyxiate. The origin of this verb is asphyxia, "stopping of the pulse," in Greek, which originally had the same meaning in English, before it came to mean "suffocation."
WORD FAMILY
asphyxiate: asphyxiated, asphyxiates, asphyxiating, asphyxiation +/asphyxia: asphyxiate /asphyxiating: asphyxiatingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was a stampede; fast, asphyxiating, precision to go with the pace.
The Guardian(Nov 28, 2016)
Department spokesman Andrew Wilder says an investigation into Arona’s death indicates he used a piece of clothing to asphyxiate himself.
Washington Times(Nov 26, 2016)
“Bring them into altitude,” Mastroeni said, “and asphyxiate them in the 60th minute.”
Seattle Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: vt. 使窒息
vi. 窒息
时态：asphyxiated, asphyxiating, asphyxiates
【记】a无，非，sphyx搏动－脉搏不再跳动－窒息
[əs'fɪk.si.eɪt] formal
verb transitive often passive
■to cause someone to be unable to breathe, usually resulting in death 使窒息（而死）；使闷死
• The murder inquiry found that the children had been asphyxiated. 谋杀案的调查发现，孩子们是被窒息致死的。
vt. 使…窒息
 - strangle
vi. 窒息
 - choke, strangulate

Word: arf

Word: ashtray
Front: ashtray
[ˈæʃtreɪ] (12033/12651 -1)
Back: n. 烟灰缸
分布：烟灰缸(100%)
noun countable
■a small dish or container, sometimes decorative, in which people can leave cigarette ash and cigarette ends 烟灰缸
n. 烟灰缸
 - tobacco jar

Word: asp
Front: asp
[æsp] (-/30985)
Back: n. <古>白杨，（非洲，阿拉伯和欧洲的）角蝰（一种毒蛇）
abbr. Active Server Page的缩写，意为“动态服务器页面。
分布：白杨(100%)
→来自词根asp, 盾，该蛇蛇昂如盾，同aspidistra.
noun countable
■a small poisonous snake found especially in North Africa which was a symbol of royalty in ancient Egypt （尤见于北非、在古埃及作为皇室象征的）蝮蛇
adj. 山杨的
 - aspen
n. 山杨
 - aspen

Word: assemblyman
Front: assemblyman
[əˈsemblimən] (25264/-)
Back: n. 议员
分布：议员(100%)
[ə'sem.bli.mæn] [-mən] US
noun countable
■a man who belongs to a part of the official law-making body in many US states （美国许多州的）州众议院议员
n. 议员； [机] 装配工
 - member, councillor

Word: baluchi

Word: banishment
Front: banishment
[ˈbænɪʃmənt] (22865/23010)
Back: n. 放逐，驱逐
分布：放逐(74%)，充军(19%)，驱除(7%)
n. 流放，充军；放逐
 - transportation, exile

Word: bemusement
Front: bemusement
[bɪ'mju:zmənt] (29636/40664)
Back: n. 困惑，发呆; 茫然不知所措
分布：困惑(89%)，心不在焉(11%)
n. 困惑
 - confusion, bepuzzlement

Word: barman
Front: barman
[ˈbɑ:mən] (26606/10621 -1)
Back: n. 酒吧间男招待员; 酒吧店主
分布：酒吧间男招待(100%)
US ['bɑ:r-] mainly UK
noun countable
■a man who serves drinks in a bar 酒吧男侍，酒保

Word: bade
Front: bade
[beɪd] None
Back: v. 出价，投标( bid的过去式 ); 恳求; 命令; 说（问候话）
分布：竞标的(34%)，动词bid的过去式和过去分词形式.(33%)，出过价的(33%)
verb past simple of
■ bid (TELL)
v. 命令（bid的一种过去式）
 - injunct

Word: bathtub
Front: bathtub
[ˈbɑ:θtʌb] (高 9766/34329)
Vocabulary: bathtub
(once / 6805 pages)
n
A bathtub is a bathroom fixture, a tub that you can fill with water for bathing. Some people like to soak in a bathtub at the end of a long day.
Many bathtubs are made of ceramic or porcelain, and they're large enough for an adult to lie down in at least partially submerged in water. Some bathrooms have only a bathtub, or only a shower, while others have both. In Britain, it's more common to call a bathtub simply a bath. During Prohibition in 1920s America, "bathtub gin" referred to any kind of home-brewed alcohol, whether it was actually made in a bathtub or not.
WORD FAMILY
bathtub: bathtubs
USAGE EXAMPLES
She joined her two sisters in the bathtub, sitting up on her own.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Adding other ingredients cut down on the vile taste of bathtub gin.
Seattle Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Seven Pounds is, of course, the movie where a grief-stricken Will Smith commits suicide by sharing a bathtub with a jellyfish.
The Guardian(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: n. 浴缸，澡盆
分布：浴缸(100%)
US ['bæθ-] (also tub)
noun countable US for bath

Word: biopsy
Front: biopsy
[ˈbaɪɒpsi] (10421/5922)
Vocabulary: biopsy
(once / 20170 pages)
n
A biopsy is a sample of tissue or liquid from the body that helps determine if you have a disease. If your doctor finds a lump in part of your body, she will probably do a biopsy to see if it is cancerous or not.
Bios means life and opsis means see, so a biopsy is a way for a doctor to look into your body, so to speak, by taking a sample of it. There are different kinds of biopsies, depending on where the tissue is that your doctor needs to look at. You might have a surgical biopsy or a less invasive biopsy by needle.
WORD FAMILY
biopsy: biopsies
USAGE EXAMPLES
But when the researchers looked at biopsies from patients with autoimmune diseases, they saw it activated in men with lupus, as well.
Time(Dec 29, 2016)
If that test reveals areas of concern, Rodriguez then performs a biopsy - taking a tissue sample and sending it to a lab.
Washington Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Researchers at the University of Queensland conducted biochemical tests on tiny muscle biopsy samples collected by scuba divers off Ecuador.
BBC(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 活组织检查，活体检视
分布：活组织检查(100%)
→词根bio, 生命。词根ops, 看，见optic, 光学的。
US [-ɑ:p-] noun countable
■the removal and examination of tissue from an ill person, in order to discover more about their illness 活组织检查
• a tissue biopsy 活组织检查

Word: beretta

Word: bereavement
Front: bereavement
[bɪˈri:vmənt] (19894/9905 -1)
Vocabulary: bereavement
(once / 3398 pages)
n
If you have ever mourned someone's passing, you know about bereavement — the period of sorrow that follows the death of a loved one.
Bereavement comes from an Old English word that means “rob,” “deprive,” and “seize.” When a loved one is taken, usually through death, those who remain are often left in a state of bereavement. Bereavement is not only reserved for the death of a human family member or friend, but the loss of a pet can also induce bereavement.
WORD FAMILY
bereavement: bereavements+/bereave: bereaved, bereavement, bereaves, bereaving
USAGE EXAMPLES
Rachael Moss, a bereavement support midwife at Northampton General Hospital, said the little cots are a lifeline.
BBC(Dec 31, 2016)
Their defeat in a referendum, he suggests, was experienced like bereavement.
BBC(Dec 31, 2016)
The sequel is set in the 1930s and involves the now grown up children being paid a visit by their former nanny following a bereavement.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 亲人丧亡，丧失亲人，丧亲之痛
分布：名词(100%)
noun countable or uncountable
■the death of a close relation or friend 丧失亲人
• She has recently suffered a bereavement. 她最近刚失去一位亲人。
n. 丧友，丧亲；丧失
 - aboulia, forfeiture

Word: bennet

Word: benedictine

Word: botany
Front: botany
[ˈbɒtəni] (高托宝 20491/15909 -1)
Vocabulary: botany
(once / 649 pages)
n
The study of plants is called botany. Each climate has its own particular botany, so if you study desert growth, you might focus on such plants as cactus and sage, while if you're in the jungle you'd study the lush growth there.
Someone once said, "Botany is the science in which plants are known by their aliases." Indeed, the study of botany includes learning the scientific names of plants. The origin of the word botany came from the Greek word botane, which means "grass" or "pasture." Since the original meaning focused on the idea of a pasture, it's possible the study of botany came about from herdsmen needing to know what plants were safe for their herds to eat.
WORD FAMILY
botany: botanic, botanical, botanies, botanise, botanist, botanize+/botanic: botanically/ botanical: botanicals/botanise: botanised, botanises, botanising/ botanist: botanists/botanize: botanized, botanizes, botanizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
A doctoral candidate at UC Riverside’s Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Chater is cultivating and studying the same pomegranates his grandfather once grew.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
For traumatized, trench-bound British soldiers caught up in the carnage of the First World War, birdwatching and botany offered solace.
Nature(Nov 15, 2016)
What felt like a choice between death or deformity was being left to a journalist who never got beyond college botany.
Washington Post(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 植物学; 精纺毛纱; 细羊毛
分布：植物(52%)，植物学(48%)
→来自希腊词botane, 植物，草，词源同pasture, 放牧。
植物学[botan=erb(草)]
【记】bo读：抱，tany＝any，见到什么植物都抱－肯定是学植物学的
【参】botanical （adj 植物学的）
US ['bɑ:.tˌən-] noun uncountable
■the scientific study of plants 植物学
n. [植] 植物学；地区植物总称
 - phytology

Word: bradshaw

Word: buenaventura
Front: buenaventura
[ˈbwenəˌvenˈtjuərə] None
Back: 布韦那文图拉（哥伦比亚西部港市）

Word: burleigh

Word: caledonia

Word: chit
Front: chit
[tʃɪt] (28147/24657)
Vocabulary: chit
(once / 8318 pages)
1n 2n
A chit is a tab or an IOU, a record of money owed. Your neighborhood deli might give you a chit the end of each week, letting you know how much you owe for your daily bagels.
A waiter at a restaurant often keeps a chit, adding up each item your group orders throughout the evening. There is also the kind of chit you keep when you're on an expense account, with your employer paying for hotels and meals — at the end of a business trip, you might turn in your chit so your boss knows exactly what the company's money was spent on. The root of chit is the Hindi word chitthi, "letter or note."
WORD FAMILY
chit: chits
USAGE EXAMPLES
He started a chit fund business in the 1990s and although the company failed, he managed to win plum iron ore mining contracts.
BBC(Dec 22, 2016)
Excessive chit chat between the checker and customer that is obviously slowing down the check out with a long line of waiting customers?
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
“We could not negotiate peacefully because people were angry, so we called the police to control the situation,” Chit San said.
Washington Times(Oct 06, 2016)
Back: n. 幼儿; 便条; 欠条; 瘦小的少女
分布：便条(84%)，欠条(16%)
→1.欠条，来自梵语，进一步来自skai,照耀，明亮，词源同shine, cheetah, 即记号，标注。
noun countable
NOTE 票据 UK old-fashioned
■an official note giving information or showing a sum of money that is owed or has been paid 欠帐字据；收据；收条
• a chit for the dry cleaner's 干洗店的小票
[tʃɪt] noun countable
GIRL 女孩 old-fashioned disapproving
■a young and silly girl 黄毛丫头；不知礼的年轻女子
• just a chit of a girl 不过是个黄毛丫头
n. 芽；便条；毛头姑娘
 - bud, gemma

Word: clank
Front: clank
[klæŋk] (19561/23367)
Back: n. 低沉的金属声，叮当声
vt. & vi. （使某物）发出叮当声
时态：clanked, clanking, clanks
分布：发叮当声(60%)，当啷声(40%)
→来自clang,叮当作响。-k,强调音。
verb intransitive or transitive
■to make a short loud sound like that of metal objects hitting each other, or to cause something to make this sound （使）发出当啷声
• My bike chain was clanking in an alarming way as I pedalled along. 我蹬车时，脚踏车的链条一路哐啷作响，声音有点吓人。
• Whenever their team scored a goal, they leapt up and down clanking their beer cans together. 每当他们的球队进了一个球，他们就欢欣雀跃，把啤酒罐碰得咣当响。
vi. 发叮当声；发铿锵声
 - clink
n. 叮当声；当啷声
 - clonk, tintinnabulation

Word: cinder
Front: cinder
[ˈsɪndə(r)] (宝 14664/21419)
Vocabulary: cinder
(once / 2151 pages)
n
A cinder is a small, hot, glowing coal from a fire. When you put out a campfire, it's important to make sure that not one single cinder remains.
It's easy to miss the fact that a cinder is still hot, since it remains that way long after every flame has been extinguished. When people clean out their wood stoves, they put the ashes in a metal bucket — rather than a flammable paper bag, for example — in case there are hot cinders hidden inside them. The word cinder comes from the Old English sinder, or "slag." The c comes from the otherwise unrelated French cendre, "ashes."
WORD FAMILY
cinder: cinders
USAGE EXAMPLES
She might weigh 110 pounds if she tied cinder blocks to her feet.
Seattle Times(Dec 04, 2016)
He and other activists were charged with assault after cinders from their burning flag allegedly hit two Infowars staffers, the Daily News reported.
Washington Times(Nov 29, 2016)
The storm, with its 145 mph winds, destroyed her small home of cinder blocks.
Seattle Times(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. 煤渣; 炭渣; 煤渣路; 煤渣跑道
分布：煤渣(79%)，灰烬(21%)
→来自古英语sinder,灰渣，矿渣，词源同sinter,熔渣，来自sendhro,凝结，结块。字母s 变为c 受不同词源法语词cendre(灰,来自拉丁语cinis)的影响。该词词义侧重于成块的灰，灰 渣，而不是灰烬。
【记】读：辛迪（克劳馥）：国际名模，网上有她很多不堪入目的写真，所以她就是一个爱喝苹果汁（cider）的渣滓－煤渣
US [-dɚ] noun countable
■a small piece of partly burnt coal or wood 煤渣；碳渣；余烬
• The cake was burnt to a cinder (= burnt black). 蛋糕烤焦了。
n. [冶] 煤渣；灰烬
 - ash, ember

Word: clifton

Word: clitoris
Front: clitoris
[ˈklɪtərɪs] (22748/28299)
Vocabulary: clitoris
(once / 17828 pages)
n
The clitoris is the female sexual organ: it's a woman's equivalent of the penis.
For men, sex is all about the penis, but for women, stimulating the clitoris is how they feel good sexually. Only girls and women have a clitoris. One good way to remember the word clitoris is an old episode of Seinfeld in which Jerry dates a woman whose name rhymes with a part of a woman's body: her name wasn't Mulva, it was Delores.
WORD FAMILY
clitoris: clitorises
USAGE EXAMPLES
To Dorothea’s consternation, they instruct him in feminism, menstruation, and the importance of the clitoris.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
In 1947, when I was just three years old a doctor removed my clitoris.
The Guardian(Dec 02, 2016)
Part of the “slow sex” movement, the practice involves a woman having her clitoris stimulated by a partner – often a stranger – for 15 minutes.
The Guardian(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 阴核，阴蒂
分布：阴蒂(86%)，阴核(14%)
→可能来自clit-,关闭，词源同close,clause,因被小阴唇覆盖而得名。
US ['klɪtˌ.ɚ-] noun countable
■a sexual organ above the vagina which can give a woman sexual pleasure when it is touched 阴蒂，阴核

Word: clockwise
Front: clockwise
[ˈklɒkwaɪz] (研六托雅 11482/16117 -1)
Back: adj. 顺时针方向的; 右旋的; 正转的
adv. 顺时针方向转动地; 右旋地; 正转地
分布：顺时针方向地(67%)，顺时针方向的(33%)
→clock,钟，-wise,副词后缀。
顺时针地(clock时钟)[-wise表副词"方向,状态"注:有些单词,wise可以换成ways,意义不变,如:]
a.顺时针方向Twist the knob clockwise.按顺时针方向转动旋钮.
US ['klɑ:k-] adjective adverb
■in the direction in which the pointers of a clock move 顺时针方向的（地）
• Turn the knob clockwise/in a clockwise direction. 按顺时针方向转动旋钮。
Opposite UK anti-clockwise or US counterclockwise
adv. 顺时针方向地
 - deasil

Word: climatology
Front: climatology
[ˌklaɪməˈtɒlədʒi] (36470/29742)
Back: n. 气候学
分布：气候学(79%)，风土学(21%)
US [-'tɑ:.lə-] noun uncountable
■the scientific study of general weather conditions 气候学

Word: cleaver
Front: cleaver
[ˈkli:və(r)] (宝 20393/37513)
Vocabulary: cleaver
(once / 8756 pages)
n
A cleaver is a large knife, used mainly by butchers. The blade of a cleaver is big and square.
To cut a steak, you need a good, sharp knife. To cut larger parts of meat, you need something even more powerful: a cleaver (or chopper). Cleavers have fat, square blades and are used for cutting large hunks of meat. It can help you remember the meaning of this word if you know that to cleave is to separate. If you're not a butcher, you probably have no use for a cleaver (unless you're a villain in a horror movie).
WORD FAMILY
cleaver: cleavers+/ cleavage: cleavages/ cleave: cleavable, cleavage, cleaved, cleaver, cleaves, cleaving
USAGE EXAMPLES
Earlier, in January, a man wearing fake explosives attacked officers with a meat cleaver in a Paris police station while shouting “Allahu Akbar!”
Time(Dec 20, 2016)
The June—a robotic Mrs. Cleaver—is humankind’s oldest appliance reinvented for the machine-learning age.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 14, 2016)
The baby’s screeching rose and fell like a cleaver on meat.
Khaled Hosseini, A Thousand Splendid Suns(2007)
Back: n. 砍肉刀，剁肉刀
分布：切肉刀(70%)，屠刀(30%)
US [-vɚ] noun countable
■a heavy knife with a large square blade 大砍刀；剁肉刀
• a meat cleaver 剁肉刀
n. 切肉刀； [五金] 劈刀
 - carver, butcher knife

Word: concessionary
Front: concessionary
[kənˈseʃənəri] (40760/16878)
Back: adj. （对某类人）减价的
分布：让步的(58%)，特许的(42%)
US [-er-] adjective
■at a lower price than usual; only available to students or young, old or unemployed people （对学生、老少或失业人士的）价格优惠，减价
• a concessionary fare/ticket 优惠票价／票
n. 特许；让步；特许权获得者
 - license, yieldance
adj. 特许的；让步的
 - facultative

Word: delectable
Front: delectable
[dɪˈlektəbl] (托雅宝 18357/20180)
Vocabulary: delectable
(once / 3369 pages)
adj
Something delectable is extremely delicious or appealing. Nothing tastes better at the end of a meal than an array of delectable desserts and pastries!
Don't let the de- at the beginning of delectable fool you. There is nothing negative about this word. Related to delicious through the Latin word for delight, if something is delectable, it is very tasty! Maybe you mom has promised you a delectable dinner of lobster and steak for your birthday meal? Occasionally, you will hear a man or woman described as delectable. That means that the person is so attractive, he or she looks good enough to eat!
WORD FAMILY
delectable: delectability, delectably+/delectability: delectabilities
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s the still delectable sweet lightness of this theatrical macaroon that we savor most.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 17, 2016)
In the same kitchen, Beth Dix, owner of Delectable Desserts & Catering, was whipping up a cake.
Washington Times(Dec 17, 2016)
The dark meat separated from the bone at the mere suggestion of cutlery, yet the skin crackled delectably.
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: adj. 令人愉快的，让人喜爱的
分布：美味的(67%)，愉快的(12%)，快乐的(12%)，可喜的(9%)
→词源同delicious,美味的，可口的。
愉快的[delect=delight(愉快)]
【记】delect＝delight高兴
【参】delectation（n 愉快；款待）＝delight＝enjoyment＝entertainment
adjective
■beautiful; giving great pleasure 美丽的；美妙的，愉悦的
• a delectable cheesecake 美味可口的起司蛋糕
adj. 美味的；令人愉快的
 - delicious, pleasant, lovely, grateful

Word: decrepitude
Front: decrepitude
[dɪˈkrepɪtju:d] (33235/38065)
Vocabulary: decrepitude
(once / 9256 pages)
n
Many old buildings located in “ghost towns” in the Old West area of the United States are in a state of decrepitude. In other words, they are worn out and in disrepair.
Decrepitude is usually a result of old age or neglect. Elderly people can be in this state and so can things, such as homes and automobiles. Similar words, which also happen to start with the letter D, are dilapidation and deterioration. Haunted houses featured in the movies are good examples of decrepitude. Most of them are not new and shiny, but have peeling paint, creaking floorboards, and lots of cobwebs.
WORD FAMILY
decrepitude: decrepitudes
USAGE EXAMPLES
A lot of boats, in various states of decrepitude.
BBC(Nov 13, 2016)
In the past year, Bishop’s attitude toward suicide had shifted as she looked ahead to old age and increasing “decrepitude.”
The New Yorker(Oct 27, 2016)
Behind them, the North Korean town of Namyang slumbered in decrepitude.
New York Times(Sep 26, 2016)
Back: n. 衰老，老朽
分布：衰老(70%)，老朽(15%)，老耄(15%)
→de-, 向下，强调。-crep, 嘎吱声，词源同crevice,discrepancy. 引申义嘎吱作响的，破旧的。
n. 衰老，老朽
 - senescence, consenescence

Word: demi
Front: demi
['di:maɪ] (-/28826)
Back: n. 古希腊城邦平民，民众
分布：半(100%)

Word: didactic
Front: didactic
[daɪˈdæktɪk] (宝 17040/20113)
Vocabulary: didactic
(once / 3784 pages)
adj
When people are didactic, they're teaching or instructing. This word is often used negatively for when someone is acting too much like a teacher.
When you're didactic, you're trying to teach something. Just about everything teachers do is didactic: the same is true of coaches and mentors. Didactic is often used in a negative way. If you heard that a movie is overly didactic, that's probably not good. Most people want to see a story and be entertained when going to the movies, and if it feels like the movie is just telling you what to think, that's didactic in a bad way.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
didactic / pedantic
Both words relate to teaching, but didactic teaches a lesson and pedantic just shows off the facts.
Didactic describes anything that tries to teach a lesson, sometimes a moral one. People don't always want a lesson. Didactic comes from the Greek didaktikos for "apt at teaching." Although being didactic is perfect for a teacher, it can be annoying when movies and books get into teacher mode. See below:
"Being Here is tough to absorb in one take, and it borders on being too didactic." (New York Times)
"It's not didactic or propagandistic in its approach, but it's honest. It makes you want to know more. It makes you want to get involved." (Washington Post)
Didactic also refers to a method of teaching that involves repetition:
"This is unnecessarily repeated, but fortunately such didactic intrusions are kept to a minimum." (Los Angeles Times)
The word pedantic is from the Italian pedante for "teacher." What a coincidence. Teachers aren't usually pedantic, but sticklers are. Pedantic music snobs list twenty bands from Iceland that you have to go listen to now. Pedantic grammar nerds say to never split an infinitive. Pedantic is not a compliment. Check out these examples:
"Tristram Shandy makes fun of nearly everything, but especially the pompous and pedantic." (Slate)
"I know that some readers may find my language-stickler columns pedantic, or, even worse, tedious." (The Guardian)
"Readers responded: They found this arbitrary, arrogant, pedantic and just plain wrong." (Washington Post)
It's cool if a teacher leads a didactic discussion on Hamlet, but it's not cool if the teacher's pet takes over with a pedantic rant about how it should always be referred to as The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark.
WORD FAMILY
didactic: didactically
USAGE EXAMPLES
The sound of an automobile is a complex, multilayered phenomenon, and Christmas is no time to be didactic.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 22, 2016)
Trinity-wise, that counts as the son story, and while it’s didactic, it is the least opaque of the bunch.
New York Times(Dec 06, 2016)
For many in the 20th century, The Ragged-Trousered Philanthropists appealed because of Owen’s didactic presentations of social theory.
The Guardian(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 教学的; 教导的; （指人）学究式的; 迂腐的
分布：说教的(60%)，教诲的(40%)
→来自希腊语didaktos,教导，教学艺术。后词义贬义化。
教训的,教导的[didact=teach(教)]
【记】did做，act行动：教人如何做或行动－教诲的
【参】didactics（n 教授法）＝pedagogy
adjective mainly disapproving
■intended to teach, especially in a way that is too determined or eager, and often fixed and unwilling to change 教训的，说教的
• a didactic approach to teaching 说教式的教学方法
■intended to teach people a moral 道德说教的
• didactic literature 道德说教文学
adj. 说教的；教诲的
 - homiletic, moralistic

Word: downriver
Front: downriver
[daʊnˈrɪvə(r)] (-/37276)
Back: adv. & adj. 下游（的）
分布：下游的(55%)，向下游(36%)，=downstream.(9%)
US [-ɚ] adverb adjective
■ downstream
adj. 下游的
 - lower

Word: demotic
Front: demotic
[dɪˈmɒtɪk] (宝 41309/40518)
Vocabulary: demotic
(once / 84424 pages)
adj
A demotic saying or expression is casual, colloquial, and used by the masses. Some forms of the Greek and Egyptian languages are also called demotic, which will be relevant to you when you get your PhD in Classics.
Demotic comes from the Greek word demotikos, meaning “of or for the common people” or “in common use.” Members of the aristocracy don’t typically use demotic idioms, but it is often the elite who will point out that something is demotic. Of course, in a classless society, everything ought to be demotic, therefore making it obsolete to designate sayings as demotic. So far, however, demotic is still a relevant term.
WORD FAMILY
demotic
USAGE EXAMPLES
Reaction, Robin argues, is typically high theory as much as demotic practice.
The New Yorker(Dec 07, 2016)
“The artist of American democracy,” Robert Hughes called him, “yearningly faithful to its clamour, its contradictions, its hope and its enormous demotic freedom.”
The Guardian(Nov 25, 2016)
Shooting on foot or from the back of a car, Barba pans across Brutalist towers, filthy ribbon windows, demotic apartments festooned with graffiti.
The Guardian(Sep 20, 2016)
Back: n. （古埃及）通俗文字
adj. 口语的，通俗的
分布：通俗的(59%)，民众的(31%)，平民的(10%)
→来自da, 分开，词源同demon. 即与神分开的，凡人。引申词义人民的，通俗的。
【记】dem人民
【反】profound（adj 深刻的；意义深远的）
US [-'mɑ:.tˌɪk] formal
adjective
■(of or in a form of language) used by ordinary people （语言）通俗的，大众化的
adj. 通俗的，民众的
 - popular, mass, informal, pop

Word: dioxin
Front: dioxin
[daɪˈɒksɪn] (18120/18003)
Back: n. 二氧（杂）芑
分布：二恶英(100%)
→di-, 二。-ox,氧，词源同oxygen, oxide.用来指化学名词二恶英。
US [-'ɑ:k-] noun countable or uncountable
■a poisonous chemical of a type produced when substances used for killing plants are made 二恶英
• Highly toxic dioxins were released into the air. 有剧毒的二恶英被排放到了空气里。

Word: dictation
Front: dictation
[dɪkˈteɪʃn] (高研四六雅 21756/20641)
Vocabulary: dictation
(once / 3055 pages)
n
If your boss asks you to take dictation, then she’s going to say stuff out loud that she wants you to document in writing. When she begins dictation make sure you write down everything she says — no doodling.
If you’re a famous writer you might hire someone to take dictation so you can just speak and someone will write or type what you say. Dictation can describe the process of documenting spoken words, or the written words themselves. If you see an old movie with a man in a suit telling his secretary, "take this down," he's about to give dictation. A dictation can also be a command, like your dad's dictation that you mow the lawn.
WORD FAMILY
dictation: dictations+/ dictate: dictated, dictates, dictating, dictation, dictator / dictator: dictatorial, dictators, dictatorship /dictatorial: dictatorially/ dictatorship: dictatorships
USAGE EXAMPLES
After working for a newspaper in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., Mr. Cosgrove came to Washington and worked as a dictation specialist for the Associated Press.
Washington Post(Oct 15, 2016)
One is an email containing dictation from former President Clinton to another aide to Mrs. Clinton.
Washington Times(Oct 07, 2016)
Yet an increasing number of voice dictation apps are making it easier than ever to communicate not with our thumbs, but with our voices.
Time(Oct 03, 2016)
Back: n. 口授，听写; 听写测验; 命令
分布：听写(69%)，口述(23%)，命令(8%)
n.听写,口述;命令We had a dictation today.我们今天听写了.
noun
uncountable
■when someone dictates something for someone else to write down 口述，口授
• I'll ask my assistant to take dictation (= write down what I say). 我会请我的助手来作口述记录。
countable
■a test in which a piece of writing is dictated to students learning a foreign language, to test their ability to hear and write the language correctly 听写，默书
• Our French dictation lasted half an hour. 法语听写持续了半个小时。
n. 听写；口述；命令
 - instruction, bidding, order, word, charge

Word: enfant

Word: epochal
Front: epochal
['epəkəl] (24985/48598)
Vocabulary: epochal
(once / 23176 pages)
adj
Epochal describes events so important and significant they have the power to usher in a new epoch. In other words they're "epoch-making."
The big bang. The moment when man learned to make fire. The day your braces were removed. These events are epochal in that they mark the dawn of a new era, or epoch, of time. Both epoch and epochal derive from the Latin epocha, which in turn derives from the Greek epekhein, which combines epi "on" with ekhein "to hold," and means to pause or take up a position. Think of epochal events as worthy of an arrow on the timeline of history.
TASTY MORSELS
Vocabulary Shout-Out: Paul Farhi of "The Washington Post" for "Epochal"
In The Washington Post's own coverage of the sale of the paper to Amazon chief Jeff Bezos, reporter Paul Farhi used epochal to describe the change digital technology is bringing to newspapers.
For much of the past decade, The Post has been unable to escape the financial turmoil that has engulfed newspapers and other “legacy” media organizations. The rise of the Internet and the epochal change from print to digital technology have created a massive wave of competition for traditional news companies, scattering readers and advertisers across a radically altered news and information landscape and triggering mergers, bankruptcies and consolidation among the owners of print and broadcasting properties.
At first glance, epochal seems like a word whose meaning is easy to decode. It's the adjectival form of epoch, right?
Not exactly. According to The Online Etymology Dictionary, the word epoch, meaning "a period of time," began appearing in English around 1620, as a mutation of the Latin epocha, which means the "point marking the start of a new period in time." Think: the birth of Christ, the fall of Rome, the day you got your driver's license.
Epochal began appearing in English not long after, in the 1680s, and its meaning, "marking the beginning of a new development or era," more closely relates to its Latin forebear. Epochal describes not epochs, but epocha, events that are "epoch-making." Fahri's use was spot on.
WORD FAMILY
epochal: epochally+/ epoch: epochal, epochs
USAGE EXAMPLES
That game sparked a meteoric ascent that culminated with the Brooklyn prodigy’s epochal world championship win in 1972.
The Guardian(Dec 03, 2016)
In the future people will say, “Where were you that election night?” the way they do for other epochal moments.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 18, 2016)
He doubts, too, that a simple return to nationalism is the next epochal frame.
The Guardian(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 新纪元的，划时代的，有重大意义的
分布：划时代的(76%)，新纪元的(24%)

Word: earful
Front: earful
[ˈɪəfʊl] (26089/43035)
Vocabulary: earful
(once / 41472 pages)
n
When you give someone an earful, you angrily tell the person what you think. Your teacher might give the class an earful when no one has finished yesterday's homework.
The informal word earful is good for describing a lengthy reprimand or angry criticism. A furious senator might give her colleagues an earful when they can't reach a compromise, and a frustrated father might give his kids an earful after losing track of them in a busy shopping mall. Earful was first used in the mid-1900's, from the Old English roots eare, or "ear," and the suffix ful, "full or full of."
WORD FAMILY
earful: earfuls+/ ear: ear-like, earful, earless, ears
USAGE EXAMPLES
Despite my considered words, I got an earful from Marines across the country, including men I served alongside in Iraq.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
I got an earful about the absurdity of revolutionary Cuba, the privation, the frustration, the alienation.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 27, 2016)
President-elect Donald Trump on Saturday demanded an apology from the "Hamilton" cast member who gave Mike Pence an onstage earful about equality.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: n. 令人吃惊的回答; 听腻了的消息; 怨言; 严厉的斥责
分布：滔滔不绝(37%)，听腻的话(27%)，重要或惊人的消息(18%)，责骂(18%)
→来自ear, 耳朵。比喻用法。
US ['ɪr-] informal
noun
give sb an earful
■to angrily complain to someone 训斥某人，斥责某人；向某人抱怨
n. 令人吃惊的回答；怨言；听腻了的消息
 - querimony

Word: elephantine
Front: elephantine
[ˌelɪˈfæntaɪn] (宝 34326/34950)
Vocabulary: elephantine
(once / 11843 pages)
adj
Something elephantine is huge, bulky, and a little clumsy, much like an elephant. Riding a bicycle in a rainstorm while trying to hold an elephantine super-sized soda is a bad idea.
An elephant is one of the largest animals in the world — even the babies weigh more than most people! So, things that are also enormous can be called elephantine. Other big animals — like whales — are elephantine. A cake that could feed fifty people is elephantine. If you owe a lot of money, that’s an elephantine debt. Elephantine things can also be unwieldy and bulky or just plain huge. Anything elephantine is extra-large.
WORD FAMILY
elephantine: elephantinely
USAGE EXAMPLES
After this elephantine gestation period, with the UK as a leading advocate of the idea, a deal is now imminent.
BBC(Dec 20, 2016)
Donald Trump will join his cronies on the elephantine path trampled by the GOP for years.
New York Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Paris’s fashion week sets the shape of trends to come, and this season, the direction is elephantine.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 05, 2016)
Back: adj. 象的; 巨大的; 笨拙的; 沉重的
分布：巨大的(62%)，象的(21%)，粗笨的(17%)
如象的,巨大的(elephant大象)[-ine 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人或女人"3.表名词"状态,药物等"]
【记】elephant（n 大象）
【反】microscopic（adj 非用显微镜不可见的）
[ˌel.ɪ'fæn.taɪn] formal
adjective
■very large 巨大的，硕大的，庞大的
• She's so tiny she makes me feel elephantine. 她那么矮小，让我觉得自己就像个巨人。
adj. 似象的；巨大的；粗笨的，笨拙的
 - huge, tremendous, enormous, massive, macro

Word: expressionist
Front: expressionist
[ɪk'spreʃənɪst] (25105/23816)
Back: adj. 表现主义的
n. 表现派作家
分布：表现派的人(100%)

Word: famished
Front: famished
[ˈfæmɪʃt] (23524/33803)
Vocabulary: famished
(once / 2791 pages)
adj
Did you just order a double cheeseburger with large fries and a liter-sized milkshake? Either you have a death wish or you're extremely hungry — famished that is.
Tracing the roots of famished leads us to the Middle English word for "starve." So it's no wonder famished means absolutely starving or totally ravenous. Just think of all those poor famished people in the Middle Ages, with only porridge and vegetables to eat and not a fast food chain in sight. It's enough to make you cry...or reach for another french fry — depending on how famished you are.
WORD FAMILY
famish: famished, famishes, famishing, famishment
USAGE EXAMPLES
Aimee Bender's bleak recipe for stone soup is presented by way of a short story wherein a mother teaches her famished children to cook imaginatively.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Obviously the school had had experience of pupils coming back famished.
BBC(Oct 30, 2016)
By the time we’d completed the last waterfall, we were tired and famished.
New York Times(Oct 28, 2016)
Back: adj. <口>非常饿
v. 使挨饿，感到极饿( famish的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：极饥饿的(80%)，动词famish的过去式和过去分词.(20%)
→来自famine, 饥饿，饥荒。
adjective informal
■extremely hungry 非常饥饿的
• Have some dinner with us - you must be famished! 和我们一起吃点饭吧——你一定饿坏了！

Word: figment
Front: figment
[ˈfɪgmənt] (托宝 22358/19859)
Vocabulary: figment
(once / 8666 pages)
n
When something is a figment of your imagination, it means that you made it up. It's something that might seem real, but is really not.
What does a fig- (not the fruit fig) have to do with something made up inside your head? It has to do with Latin, as usual — both figment and fiction derive from the same Latin word. But it might help to think of figment as a fig leaf — a figment is something flimsy and easily blown away.
WORD FAMILY
figment: figments
USAGE EXAMPLES
Nabokov dismissed Wilson’s analysis as “figments of his warped fancy.”
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
The point is always that, by interacting with high-wattage figments, Rose can clarify aspects of her own life.
Slate(Nov 11, 2016)
Girl, meanwhile, is a figment of Newton’s imagination, twirling around him as if she’s singing China Girl on The X Factor.
The Guardian(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. 虚构的事物; 臆造的事物，虛构的事
分布：虚构的东西(100%)
→来自dheigh, 揉捏，捏造，形成，词源同dough, fiction. 引申词义虚构。
虚构的事物(fig+ment→做出的东西→虚构)[fac,fact,fect,fic,fig=make,do,表示"做,制作"]
【记】fig做－做出来的东西－虚构的东西
noun
a figment of sb's imagination
■something which seems real but is not （某人）凭空想像的事物，臆造的东西
• Was it just a figment of my imagination or did I hear John's voice in the other room? 是我假想的还是我真的听到了约翰在另一个房间里说话？
n. 虚构的事；臆造的事物
 - myth

Word: flagpole
Front: flagpole
[ˈflægpəʊl] (21743/33581)
Back: n. 旗杆
分布：旗竿(85%)，=flagstaff.(15%)
US [-poʊl] noun countable (also flagstaff)
■a long pole which a flag is fastened to 旗杆

Word: farrago
Front: farrago
[fəˈrɑ:gəʊ] (41948/37698)
Vocabulary: farrago
(once / 17230 pages)
n
A farrago is a pile of odds and ends or a random assortment of stuff.
If your teacher said your paper was a farrago of thoughts, that's not good: a farrago is a disorganized mix of things that don't fit together. Farrago sounds more formal than hodgepodge or mishmash, but it means about the same thing. A flea market usually features a farrago of antiques and old junk. And kids get a farrago of treats — chocolates, lollipops, the occasional box of raisins — on Halloween.
WORD FAMILY
farrago: farragoes, farragos
USAGE EXAMPLES
Still, this farrago offers lessons for both parties in how to win, and lose, elections.
Economist(Nov 24, 2016)
The governor’s line is that the farrago is an intentional distraction from the state’s economic recovery.
Economist(Oct 06, 2016)
He thought the whole farrago was a practical joke, or a mistake, or a miscarriage of justice.
Economist(Jun 30, 2016)
Back: n. 混杂，混杂物
分布：混杂(56%)，混杂物(44%)
→来自拉丁语farrago, 谷物混合物，动物饲料，词源同barley, barn.
US [-goʊ] (plural farragos or US farragoes) US
noun countable formal disapproving
■a confused mixture 大杂烩；混杂物
• He told us a farrago of lies. 他向我们讲了一大堆谎话。
n. 混杂物；混杂
 - macedoine, mishmash

Word: gah

Word: frisky
Front: frisky
[ˈfrɪski] (托宝 22020/33750)
Vocabulary: frisky
(once / 4927 pages)
adj
The adjective frisky means playful or lively. Your frisky puppy likes to play tug-of-war with your socks, whether they're on or off your feet.
Frisky is from the Middle English word frisk, which in turn was based on the Old French word frisque. In all cases, the words mean lively and merry. The term frisky is sometimes used as a mild euphemism for being playfully affectionate, especially when such playfulness is likely to lead to sexual activity. It's totally awkward when your parents are feeling frisky, and they flirt and kiss in front of you.
WORD FAMILY
frisky: friskier, friskiest, friskily, friskiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Another, Paul Simon, released a frisky, inventive new album this year, hinting it might be his last.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Ms. Baird’s uncommonly frisky biography is outstanding for its liveliness and originality.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
In fact, the circumstances the Alexandria artist’s collage-paintings depict are frisky and whimsical.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 活泼的，闹着玩的
adv. 活泼地，闹着玩地
n. 活泼，闹着玩
级别：friskier, friskiest
分布：活泼的(72%)，有性要求的(14%)，快活的(14%)
adjective informal
■(of a person or an animal) playful or full of activity （人或动物）爱玩的，活泼好动的
• It's a beautiful horse but a bit too frisky for an inexperienced rider. 这匹马很漂亮，但对一个没经验的骑手来说有点儿太好动了。
adj. 活泼的；欢闹的
 - alive, lively, activated

Word: fulmination
Front: fulmination
[ˌfʌlmɪ'neɪʃn] (40667/-)
Back: n. 严词谴责; 爆发
分布：爆发(42%)，抨击(33%)，谴责(25%)
【记】装满full 民工min的nation国家－爆发；严厉抨击
【反】praise（v /n 表扬）
n. 严词谴责；爆发；爆鸣
 - explosion, burst

Word: goatee
Front: goatee
[gəʊˈti:] (18111/43581)
Back: n. 山羊胡子，（只留于下颚的）胡子
分布：山羊胡子(100%)
→来自goat, 山羊。
US ['goʊ-] noun countable
■a small usually pointed beard grown only on the chin, not the cheeks 山羊胡子

Word: gaily
Front: gaily
[ˈgeɪli] (雅 22798/13209)
Back: adv. 快乐地，喜气洋洋地
分布：轻率地(37%)，华丽地(36%)，欢乐地(27%)
→来自gay, 欢乐。
【记】读：盖了（帽了）－太牛了－欢快地；华丽地
【参】gay（adj 欢迎的；快乐的n 男性同性者）；gaiety（n 欢乐的精神、气氛）
['geɪ.li] old-fashioned
adverb
■happily or brightly 欢乐地，喜气洋洋地；闪亮地，明亮地
• I could hear her gaily singing in her bedroom. 我可以听到她在睡房兴高采烈地唱着歌。
• The tree lights twinkled gaily across the lake. 湖对岸，树上灯光闪烁，透出欢乐的气氛。
adv. 华丽地；欢乐地
 - splendidly, bravely

Word: fruitcake
Front: fruitcake
['fru:keɪk] (22484/40744)
Back: n. 掺有干果的糕饼
分布：掺有干果的糕饼(67%)，奇怪或疯狂的人(33%)
noun
CAKE 蛋糕
countable or uncountable
■a cake containing a lot of dried fruit, such as raisins 干果蛋糕
['fru:t.keɪk] noun
PERSON 人
countable UK slang
■a crazy person 疯子；怪人
• My teacher's a bit of a fruitcake. 我的老师有点古怪。

Word: greco

Word: gunfight
Front: gunfight
[ˈgʌnfaɪt] (24883/43467)
Back: n. & vi. （两人之间的）用枪格斗
分布：枪战(100%)
noun countable
■a fight using guns between two or more people, especially cowboys （尤指牛仔间的）枪战，火拼
n. 枪战
 - gunbattle, gunplay

Word: hadith

Word: gratifying
Front: gratifying
[ˈgrætɪfaɪɪŋ] (13842/14204)
Back: adj. 悦人的，令人满足的
v. 使高兴，使满意( gratify的现在分词 )
分布：可喜的(69%)，令人满足的(28%)，动词gratify的现在分词形式.(3%)
US ['grætˌ-] adjective
■pleasing and satisfying 心满意足
• [+ to infinitive] It must be very gratifying to see all your children grown up and happy. 看到孩子们都长大成人、生活幸福，你一定会感到心满意足的。
adj. 悦人的；令人满足的
 - satisfying
v. 使满意（gratify的现在分词）；使高兴
 - exhilarating

Word: halibut
Front: halibut
[ˈhælɪbət] (17000/36787)
Back: n. （产于太平洋和大西洋的）大比目鱼
分布：大比目鱼(100%)
→hal-,神圣的，butt,比目鱼，词源同beat,击，打，比喻用法打成扁平状的。因这种鱼常在宗教节日吃而得名。
noun countable (plural halibut or halibuts)
■a big, flat sea fish which can be eaten 大比目鱼（可食用）
n. [鱼] 大比目鱼（复数halibut）
 - turbot, holibut

Word: hydrogel
Front: hydrogel
['haɪdrədʒel] (46356/-)
Back: n. 水凝胶
分布：水凝胶(100%)
n. [物化] 水凝胶
 - aquogel, aquagel

Word: haywire
Front: haywire
[ˈheɪwaɪə(r)] (22464/36642)
Vocabulary: haywire
(once / 32382 pages)
1n 2adj
When something goes haywire, it's out of control or completely chaotic. You'll sense that things have gone haywire at a birthday party if suddenly the young guests are having a crazed water gun fight indoors.
A riot is an extreme example of things going haywire, when people get angry enough about something that they ignore rules and laws, breaking windows and setting things on fire. A less serious case of things gone haywire could be a flock of chickens escaping an enclosure, running loose in your vegetable garden. The literal, and original, meaning of haywire is "wire used to bind hay." The wire's "springy unpredictability" led to today's common definition.
WORD FAMILY
haywire: haywires
USAGE EXAMPLES
When both sides went haywire Sunday, the result was obvious: a loss.
Washington Times(Nov 21, 2016)
A college football November Saturday always reserves the right to go all to hell and then all haywire.
Washington Post(Nov 13, 2016)
Our definitions of populism and elitism have gone haywire.
Time(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. <美>捆干草用的铁丝，取去干草后的杂乱缠绕的铁丝
分布：乱七八糟的(32%)，失去控制的(24%)，临时电线(16%)，捆干草用的铁丝(16%)，故障的(12%)
→hay,干草，wire,线，绳。即捆草的绳子，一不小心就会缠到一起，引申词义紊乱，失去控制。
US [-waɪr] adjective informal
go haywire
■to stop working, often in a way that is very sudden and noticeable 出故障，出毛病
• The television's gone haywire. 电视机出毛病了。
adj. 乱糟糟的，乱七八糟的；疯狂的
 - crazy, possessed, mad

Word: hurtful
Front: hurtful
[ˈhɜ:tfl] (15788/18774)
Back: adj. 有害的，伤感情的
分布：有害的(54%)，造成损害的(23%)，伤害的(23%)
→hurt,伤害，-ful,形容词后缀。
US ['hɝ:t-] adjective
■causing emotional pain 伤感情的，令人伤心的
• That was a very hurtful remark! 说那些话太伤感情了！
• How can you be so hurtful? 你怎么可以这样伤人的心？

Word: herein
Front: herein
[ˌhɪərˈɪn] (12963/21288)
Back: adv. 此中，于此; 焉
分布：此中(67%)，在此处(33%)
US [ˌhɪr-] adverb formal or legal
■in this 于此，在这方面
• The people have no faith in their government, and herein lies the root of the problem. 民众对政府没有信心，这就是问题的根源所在。

Word: horny
Front: horny
[ˈhɔ:ni] (17227/21223 -1)
Vocabulary: horny
(once / 4106 pages)
1adj 2adj
Things that are horny either look like or are made of an animal’s horn or a similar hard material. The thick, hard nail on your big toe could be described as horny.
The word horny, describing the bony projection on an animal's head, appeared in English before the 10th century. An informal meaning — that of being sexually aroused — appeared later. Male physical arousal was crudely referred to as "having the horn” in the late 18th century before becoming the word horny in the mid-19th century. First used exclusively for men, the word now describes women's sexual feelings as well.
WORD FAMILY
horny: hornier, horniest, hornily, horniness+/dehorn: dehorned, dehorning/ horn: dehorn, horned, horning, hornist, hornless, hornlike, horns, horny
USAGE EXAMPLES
Never forget this powerful axiom: Patrick Ewing is never not horny.
The Guardian(Nov 15, 2016)
“Four Play” by Fred Wesley and the Horny Horns This song is funky like “The Notebook” is sad.
Salon(Nov 12, 2016)
Some had a thick, horny bill paired with powerful jaw muscles, which meant they probably cracked open and ate clams.
National Geographic(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 角质的，角状的; 坚硬的; 〈美俚〉好色的，猥亵的; 〈古〉半透明
级别：hornier, horniest
分布：角的(42%)，角状的(27%)，角质的(18%)，好色的(13%)
→来自horn的俚语义to have the horn,用于形容男人的性器官受到兴奋或刺激，后也用于形容女人性感的。比较dishy.
US ['hɔ:r-] adjective
SEXUAL 性欲的 informal
■sexually excited 欲火中烧的，性兴奋的
• She'd had a couple of drinks and was feeling horny. 她几杯酒下肚后，感觉欲火中烧。
■UK informal
■sexually attractive 性感的
• You look horny in that skirt. 你穿那条裙子很性感。
UK ['hɔ:.ni] US ['hɔ:r-] adjective
HARD 粗硬的
■made of a hard substance, like horn 由角质材料制成的
• Birds have horny beaks. 鸟类长有角质喙。
■(especially of skin) hard and rough （尤指皮肤）粗硬的
adj. 角的；角状的；淫荡的
 - cornual, immoral

Word: horseshoe
Front: horseshoe
[ˈhɔ:sʃu:] (13969/15664 -1)
Vocabulary: horseshoe
(once / 3242 pages)
nv
When you think of a horseshoe, don't picture a shoe with a sole and laces! Instead, a horseshoe is an arc-shaped piece of metal that gets nailed into the horse's hoof.
Ever since humans started using horses for riding, pulling carts, and working on farms, they've found ways to guard their hooves against wear and injury. Horseshoes can be nailed onto the thick, fingernail-like hoof, or glued on. Some people consider horseshoes to be lucky symbols as well, while others enjoy the game called horseshoes, which involves throwing large horseshoes toward a metal stake in the ground.
WORD FAMILY
horseshoe: horseshoes
USAGE EXAMPLES
In addition, 30 steelhead weighing 6 to 10 pounds apiece each were released into Horseshoe Lake in Woodland last week.
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
He’s kind of a lucky horseshoe a little bit.
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
And Horseshoe Bend, barely tested at the substantial capacity needed, isn’t the answer as currently configured.
Washington Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 马蹄铁; 马蹄形的东西
vt. 装蹄铁于
时态：horseshoed, horseshoeing, horseshoes
分布：马蹄铁(60%)，马蹄形(30%)，装马蹄铁(6%)，U形物(4%)
→horse,马，shoe,鞋。即马蹄铁，在民间传说中为带来好运的吉祥物。
US ['hɔ:rs-] noun
FOR A HORSE 马用品
countable
■a U-shaped piece of metal which is fixed to the bottom of a horse's hoof to protect it 马蹄铁，马掌
• For many people the horseshoe is a symbol of good luck. 对很多人来说马蹄铁是好运的象征。
UK ['hɔ:s.ʃu:] US ['hɔ:rs-] noun
GAME 游戏
horseshoes
uncountable US
■a game in which horseshoes are thrown at a wooden or metal rod in the ground 掷马蹄铁套柱游戏

Word: individualise

Word: inelegant
Front: inelegant
[ɪnˈelɪgənt] (31158/32798)
Vocabulary: inelegant
(once / 8283 pages)
adj
Something that's inelegant isn't polished or cultured, but instead is awkward, rude, or ungraceful. Your loud footsteps clomping down the hall of a palace as you race to meet the Queen are inelegant.
Your inelegant tap dance probably won't win first prize in the school talent show, and your brother's inelegant behavior might get him thrown out of an extremely formal party. In both cases, the required amount of grace just isn't present — in your brother's case, it might be his inelegant laughter or his inelegant clothing that cause him trouble. The Latin root, inelegantem, means "without taste" or "without judgment."
WORD FAMILY
inelegant: inelegance, ineleganter, inelegantly+/ elegance: elegances/ elegant: elegance, eleganter, elegantest, elegantly, inelegant /inelegance: inelegances
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sometimes it is very important to be awkward, inelegant, jerking, to be neither poetic nor prosaic, to be positively bad.
The Guardian(Oct 29, 2016)
The American team used the inelegant term “partial helper” to describe its assistants in the 1990s.
New York Times(Sep 29, 2016)
For a career that was propelled by a relentless pursuit of elegance, it was an inelegant finale.
Economist(Sep 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 不雅的
分布：不优美的(63%)，粗野的(25%)，不风雅的(12%)
→in-,不，非，elegant,优雅的。
adjective
■not attractive 不雅的；粗俗的
• an inelegant posture 不雅的姿势
• inelegant surroundings 粗俗的环境
adj. 不雅的；粗野的；不优美的
 - robust, gross, rough, country, bush

Word: hygienic
Front: hygienic
[haɪˈdʒi:nɪk] (25429/20066)
Vocabulary: hygienic
(once / 4925 pages)
adj
If something is hygienic it is good for your health or promotes healthy habits. Mothers are always spouting hygienic messages like "Wash your hands!" or "Brush your teeth!"
Hygienic comes from the ancient Greek word hygies, meaning "healthy" or, literally, "living well." This state was represented by the Goddess Hygieia, the embodiment of health and cleanliness. Hygienic is often used indiscriminately with sanitary, though in fact sanitary implies a particular nose-wrinkling emphasis on proper sewage disposal and clean water that is only a part of the Greeks' original concept of a more comprehensive physical and mental well being.
WORD FAMILY
hygienic: hygienically, unhygienic+/ hygiene: hygienic, hygienical, hygienise, hygienist, hygienize/hygienist: hygienists/unhygienic: unhygienically
USAGE EXAMPLES
Captain Cook insisted on clean, warm clothing, dry, hygienic ships and plenty of rest to prevent an outbreak.
Nature(Dec 13, 2016)
She was also aware that they were more hygienic and convenient, meant to be thrown away after each use.
New York Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt said there would be a renewed focus on hand-washing and hygienic use of catheters.
BBC(Nov 05, 2016)
Back: adj. 卫生的，保健的; 清洁的; 卫生学的，保健学的 [亦作hygienical]
分布：卫生的(72%)，卫生学的(28%)
→来自hygiene,卫生。
US [-'dʒen-] adjective
 ADVANCED
■clean, especially in order to prevent disease 卫生的（尤指预防疾病的）
• It isn't hygienic to let the cat sit on the dining table. 让猫坐在餐桌上是不卫生的。
adj. 卫生的，保健的；卫生学的
 - sanitary, hygeian

Word: inbound
Front: inbound
[ˈɪnbaʊnd] (23321/-)
Back: adj. 回内地的; 归本国的; 到达的; 入境的
分布：入境的(64%)，归航的(36%)
→in-,进入，使，-bound,朝向，词源同outbound,homebound.即进入的，引申词义到达的，归航的。
adjective
■travelling towards a particular point 到达的；入境的；归航的；回程的
• We expect delays to both inbound and outbound trains. 我们预计出发和到达的火车都有可能延误。

Word: impale
Front: impale
[ɪmˈpeɪl] (托宝 19536/20593)
Vocabulary: impale
(once / 4524 pages)
v
The verb impale means to pierce an object with a sharp stick. When you're preparing shish kebabs, you impale chunks of marinated vegetables and meat on pointy metal skewers and then cook them on a grill.
Impale comes from the Medieval Latin word impalare, which means "to push onto a stake." Impale can also mean to kill by piercing with a stake or spear. Legend has it that the only way to kill a vampire is to do exactly that: impale him with a wooden stake through the heart — and then stuff his mouth with garlic and chop off his head, too, just to be sure.
WORD FAMILY
impale: impaled, impalement, impales, impaling+/impalement: impalements
USAGE EXAMPLES
You are getting the rice cakes because they are impaled on the antlers of a bronze deer.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Afterward, Stone called the letter “monumentally powerful” and said it was impossible to read “without having it just impale your heart and soul.”
Seattle Times(Nov 18, 2016)
PORTLAND, Ore. — Authorities say an Oregon hunter has been hospitalized after being impaled by the antler of an elk he had just killed.
Seattle Times(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: vt. 钉在尖桩上
时态：impaled, impaling, impales
分布：刺穿(42%)，使陷入困境(35%)，钉住(23%)
→im-,进入，使，-pal,柱子，木桩，词源同pale,pole.即用木桩穿过去，引申词义刺穿。
【记】im进入，pale（adj 苍白的）：被刺得脸色苍白
verb transitive often passive
■to push a sharp object through something, especially the body of an animal or person （以尖物）刺穿（尤指动物或人的躯体）
• The dead deer was impaled on a spear. 死鹿被叉在长矛上。
vt. 刺穿；钉住；使绝望
 - cut through, transpierce

Word: judas

Word: insemination
Front: insemination
[ɪnˌsemɪ'neɪʃn] (21824/25786)
Back: n. 授精，播种; 受精
分布：授精(91%)，播种(9%)
n. [畜牧] 授精；播种；受胎
 - semination, sowing

Word: knut

Word: jetty
Front: jetty
[ˈdʒeti] (18633/12359 -1)
Vocabulary: jetty
(once / 4383 pages)
n
A jetty is a narrow structure that's built to stretch from land out into the water. Some jetties act as docks or piers for boats.
A man-made jetty is often a protective barrier against beach erosion, and it also provides pedestrians access to boats or fishing areas. Jetties are generally made of concrete, wood, or stone. Jetty comes from the French jetee, which means both "a throw" and "a projecting part of a structure," or "a part that's 'thrown out' beyond the main structure."
WORD FAMILY
jetty: jetties
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sheepshead and black drum are good at the jetty on live shrimp.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Fishing grounds north of Salt Point through the North Jetty of Humboldt Bay will remain closed.
Washington Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Between July and October 2013, contractors for the Corps excavated 5 to 7 feet into the sand where the South Jetty meets the Clatsop Spit.
Washington Times(Nov 12, 2016)
Back: n. 防波堤; 码头; [建]建筑物的突出部
adj. 乌黑发亮的; 黑玉似的
vi. 突出，伸出
分布：码头(42%)，防波堤(30%)，伸出(8%)，黑玉般的(5%)，漆黑的(5%)，墨黑的(5%)，突堤(5%)
→来自古法语jetee,突堤，建筑物突出物，来自jeter,扔，抛出，词源同jet,project.引申词义码头，栈桥。
US ['dʒetˌ-] noun countable
■a wooden or stone structure which is built in the water at the edge of a sea or lake and is used by people getting on and off boats 登岸码头，突堤，栈桥
n. 码头；防波堤
 - landing, pier
vi. 伸出
 - jut out, loll out, stick sth out

Word: jogger
Front: jogger
[ˈdʒɒgə(r)] (16048/21580)
Back: n. 慢跑锻炼者
分布：慢跑者(100%)
→来自jog,慢跑。
US ['dʒɑ:.gɚ] noun countable
■someone who is running at a slow regular speed as a form of exercise 慢跑者
n. 慢跑者； [印刷] 撞纸机
 - canterer

Word: insipid
Front: insipid
[ɪnˈsɪpɪd] (雅宝 24841/20718)
Vocabulary: insipid
(once / 2558 pages)
adj
Something insipid is lacking in flavor or interest. You'll probably find the generic poems inside of greeting cards insipid.
Insipid comes from the Latin insipidus, the opposite of sapidus which means flavorful. Because spices and salts are left out, hospital food is usually considered insipid. The most common use of the word is in a metaphorical sense for dull or flat. You might think that your goody-two-shoes cousin is the most insipid girl you've ever met.
WORD FAMILY
insipid: insipidest, insipidity, insipidly, insipidness+/ insipidity: insipidities
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s true that most Christmas music is overproduced and lyrically insipid.
Slate(Dec 23, 2016)
Perhaps, awake in the dark, James was annoyed by “the insipid image of a procession of sheep.”
The New Yorker(Dec 11, 2016)
Oh, yes, “Stronger Together” – which met exactly the same fate as the Remain campaign’s insipid “Stronger In”.
The Guardian(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 枯燥的，无生气的，乏味的; 索; 平淡无奇; 索然
分布：枯燥乏味的(50%)，没有味道的(50%)
→in-,不，非，-sip,滋味，味道，词源同sap,sapient.
无味的;无吸引力的[sanat=taste(味道)]
【记】in进入，sip（v 吸吮；啜饮），id－进入啜饮的状态，说明东西不好喝的－无味的
【反】piquant（adj 开胃的；辛辣的）
[ɪn'sɪp.ɪd] disapproving
adjective
■not having a strong taste or character, or having no interest or energy 无味的；无特色的；无生气的；乏味的
• a pale insipid wine 淡而无味的葡萄酒
• He's an insipid old bore. 他是个无聊讨厌的老头子。
• Why anyone buys music with such insipid lyrics is a mystery. 这些音乐的歌词索然无味，真不明白为甚么有人会买。
adj. 清淡的；无趣的
 - dull, bored

Word: lockout
Front: lockout
[ˈlɒkaʊt] (17218/38542)
Vocabulary: lockout
(once / 13586 pages)
n
A lockout is a company's response to workers who are disputing conditions or planning a strike. During a lockout, managers don't allow workers to come to work until they agree to the company's terms of employment.
A lockout is sort of the opposite of a strike. During a strike, employees refuse to work until management agrees to compromise with them on issues like wages and working conditions. During a lockout, the company refuses to allow workers access to the workplace until they settle for the terms the owners and managers want to enforce. Sometimes just the threat of a lockout is enough to suppress protests and strikes.
WORD FAMILY
lockout: lockouts
USAGE EXAMPLES
Their last victory in the holiday was in 2011 over the Celtics in what was the NBA season opener following a lockout.
The Guardian(Dec 25, 2016)
Their last victory in the holiday was in 2011 over the Celtics in what was the NBA season opener following a lockout.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 25, 2016)
In the end, both sides recognized that a lockout only would halt that momentum and growth.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 停工（业主为抵制工人的要求而停工）
分布：停工(89%)，关闭工厂(11%)
N-COUNT
（雇主）封厂，闭厂（以逼迫工人接受新的薪资或工作条件）
A lock-out is a situation in which employers close a place of work and prevent workers from entering it until the workers accept the employer's new proposals on pay or conditions of work.
n. 停工； [计] [自] 封锁
 - investment, stopwork

Word: libretto
Front: libretto
[lɪˈbretəʊ] (宝 22650/27279)
Vocabulary: libretto
(once / 3877 pages)
n
In opera, the libretto is the words or lyrics, as distinct from the music. Mozart composed the music to his operas, but the librettos were written by someone else.
The life of the librettist is often a thankless one. If the opera is a success, nobody mentions the libretto. Often, the libretto of an opera or musical is called the "book" and refers to all the parts of the script except the music. This can be helpful in remembering what the word means, because libr- is Latin for "book" (as in "library").
WORD FAMILY
libretto: libretti, librettist, librettos+/librettist: librettists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Brockes’s libretto identifies the soldiers who scourge Jesus as Jews—a departure from the New Testament.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
Tines will again sing Adams, with Sellars writing the libretto and directing, in a world premiere at San Francisco Opera next year.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
They got to work, debating in texts and emails whether a part of Mr. Morris’s libretto should rhyme.
New York Times(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: n. （歌剧等的）剧本
分布：歌剧剧本(70%)，歌词集(30%)
→来自拉丁语liber,书，纸张，-etto,小词后缀。引申词义小纸张，抒情诗，歌词。
歌剧,音乐剧等的歌词;歌剧脚本(libr+etto表名词)[lidr=book,表示"书"]
【记】lib＝lip，ett小，o结尾是艺术单词一用嘴说出来的小东西－剧本
US [-'bretˌ.oʊ] (plural librettos) specialized
noun countable
■the words that are sung or spoken in an opera or a musical （歌剧或音乐剧的）歌词
n. 剧本；歌词集
 - drama, scenario

Word: lamppost
Front: lamppost
['læmppəʊst] (21321/33866)
Back: n. 灯杆，路灯柱
分布：路灯柱(63%)，街灯柱(37%)
US [-poʊst] noun countable
■a tall post which holds a light at the side of roads and in other public places 路灯柱；灯杆

Word: lambda
Front: lambda
[ˈlæmdə] (20627/31132)
Back: n. 希腊字母的第 11个字
分布：希腊字母的第11个(100%)
→来自希腊字母lambda,英语字母L的原型。

Word: limbic
Front: limbic
['lɪmbɪk] (27176/45924)
Back: adj. 边的，缘的
分布：边缘的(100%)

Word: loco
Front: loco
[ˈləʊkəʊ] (37919/13411)
Vocabulary: loco
(once / 7036 pages)
adj
If someone calls you loco, it means they think you're nutty or eccentric. Your friends will think your dog is completely loco if she spends hours every day chasing her own tail.
You can use the slang term loco when you're commenting on the craziness or irrationality of a person or situation. You might say, for example: "This meeting is totally loco — everyone's talking at the same time!" Loco comes from American English, which borrowed it from the Spanish loco, "insane." Its roots are uncertain, but it may stem from the Arabic lauqa, "fool."
WORD FAMILY
loco
USAGE EXAMPLES
Dutta, a railway locomotive driver and president of the All India Loco Running Staff Association, a train operators’ trade union.
Seattle Times(Nov 22, 2016)
She went to college in the United States, but she was not the kind of girl to spend Friday evening at Señor Loco’s happy hour.
Salon(Nov 05, 2016)
If you want your model engine to come with digital control and authentic sound effects, you can easily pay more than £300 per loco.
BBC(Oct 24, 2016)
Back: n. <英，口>火车头，机车; 疯草（有毒的豆科植物，产于美国，尤指黄芪属，牛食后会影响脑部）
adj. <俚>发疯的; 处于父母般的地位，如父母般
vt. 使发疯; 用疯草毒害
分布：疯草病(44%)，使精神错乱(14%)，按所记音调的(14%)，疯草(14%)，按所记音调(14%)
→来自西班牙语loco,发疯的，最终来自阿拉伯语。
US ['loʊ.koʊ] adjective [after verb] mainly US slang
■crazy 疯狂的，发疯的
• Man, he just went loco and smashed the place up. 好家伙，他发疯似的把这个地方彻底破坏。
UK ['ləʊ.kəʊ] US ['loʊ.koʊ] noun countable (plural locos) UK informal for
■ locomotive
n. 火车头；疯子；疯草病
 - engine, madman
adj. 发疯的，发狂的
 - bugs, mad

Word: covey
Front: covey
['kʌvɪ] (24064/-)
Back: n. 一小群鹧鸪
分布：群(64%)，一队(36%)
n. 一队；一群
 - pack, posse

Word: cr
Front: cr
None (-/13456)
Back: Costa Rica 哥斯达黎加
分布：镉比值(呼叫率(34%)，阻容(33%)，托架折回)(33%)

Word: cti

Word: dampener
Front: dampener
['dæmpənə] (43042/-)
Back: 湿润器
分布：阻尼器(50%)，潮湿器(25%)，=damper.(25%)
n. 令人扫兴的人； [航] [电子] [机] 阻尼器（等于damper）
 - grinch, killjoy

Word: danton

Word: deauville

Word: decontamination
Front: decontamination
[ˌdi:kənˌtæmɪ'neɪʃn] (24205/40108)
Back: n. 净化，排除污染; 去污; 洗除
分布：净化(89%)，排除污染(11%)
n. 净化；排除污染
 - purification, distillation

Word: decorous
Front: decorous
[ˈdekərəs] (27331/33102)
Vocabulary: decorous
(once / 1915 pages)
adj
Something that is decorous is dignified, proper, and in good taste, like your decorous great-aunt who always wears a dress — even when she's only headed to the grocery store.
The adjective decorous shares its origins with decoration. Both words come from the Latin word decor, meaning "beauty, elegance, charm, grace, ornament." So, something decorous is attractive. Decorous can also mean "dignified or proper," like your decorous habit of saying, "How do you do?" when you meet someone for the first time.
WORD FAMILY
decorous: decorously, decorousness, indecorous +/ decorum: decorous, decorums, indecorum/ indecorous: indecorously, indecorousness/indecorum: indecorums
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Silence” is as visually striking as you might expect, but also overly tidy, clean and decorous, despite its tortured flesh, its mud and its blood.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Bychkov is a welcome throwback to a more decorous podium style, gaining great effects, and great fortissimi, with a relative economy of movement.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
The Queen was similarly decorous toward authority, but it was aided by the limitations of moviemaking.
Time(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 端庄得体的; 厚重
分布：高雅的(70%)，端庄的(15%)，合宜的(15%)
【记】decor适宜，漂亮－有礼节的；参：decoration（n 装饰；装饰品）读：待客rous－需要彬彬有礼的
【反】unseemly（adj 不体面的；不恰当的）；mangy（adj 污秽的）bawdy（adj 卖淫的；妓女的；好色的）；indecorous（adj 不合礼节的）－proper（adj 适当的）
US [-ɚ.əs] formal
adjective
■behaving politely and in a controlled way 举止文明的，彬彬有礼的；端庄的
• His manner, as ever, was decorous. 他和往常一样彬彬有礼。
adj. 有礼貌的，高雅的；端正的
 - elegant, civil, polite, correct, exquisite

Word: demerger
Front: demerger
[ˌdi:ˈmɜ:dʒə(r)] (-/45895)
Back: n. 中止合并关系，合并企业解散
分布：中止合并关系(67%)，合并企业解散(33%)

Word: derisive
Front: derisive
[dɪˈraɪsɪv] (22319/24809)
Vocabulary: derisive
(once / 2455 pages)
adj
Use the adjective derisive to describe something or someone that mocks, expresses contempt, or ridicules. You may sometimes catch your kids making derisive comments — especially if you ask them to do chores instead of whatever they think is more important.
Derisive comes from the Latin word deridere, meaning "to ridicule," and is from the roots de-, which means "down," and ridere, which means "to laugh." The adjective derisory comes from the same Latin word, but it has a different sense. If you say something derisive, you show contempt or ridicule, as in a derisive glare at your noisy neighbors. If you say something is derisory, you mean it invites or deserves ridicule or contempt, especially if it is laughably small, such as a derisory diamond chip in an engagement ring.
WORD FAMILY
derisive: derisively+/ deride: derided, derides, deriding, derision, derisive, derisory/ derision: derisions
USAGE EXAMPLES
Many comments posted on social media in India were derisive and mocking, as were many comments from Pakistanis.
Washington Post(Dec 01, 2016)
Many scientists are suspicious and occasionally derisive of consumer or 'recreational' genomics.
Nature(Oct 31, 2016)
Asked why he thinks the bill passed over the objections of the DEA, Rannazzisi gave a short derisive snort.
The Guardian(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: adj. 嘲笑的，嘲弄的
adv. 嘲笑地，嘲弄地
n. 嘲笑，嘲弄
分布：嘲弄的(100%)
→来自deride, 嘲笑。
嘲笑的;可笑的(de+ris+ive)[Rid,ris=laugh,表示"笑"]
[dɪ'raɪ.sɪv] (also derisory) formal
adjective
■showing derision 嘲笑的，讥笑的，嘲讽的
• derisive laughter 嘲讽的笑声
• a derisive comment/remark 嘲讽的评价／话语
adj. 嘲笑的，嘲弄的；可付之一笑的
 - sardonic, sneering

Word: dexter
Front: dexter
['dekstə] (-/6823)
Back: adj. 右侧的; 右边的; <废>幸运的; 吉利的
分布：右边的(37%)，幸运的(36%)，右侧的(27%)
adj. 右侧的；幸运的
 - lucky, fortunate

Word: discomfiture
Front: discomfiture
[dɪs'kʌmfɪtʃə(r)] (宝 34129/23607)
Back: n. 崩溃; 大败; 挫败; 困惑
分布：狼狈(53%)，挫败(26%)，难堪(21%)
n. 狼狈；挫败，崩溃
 - crash, disintegration

Word: disorientation
Front: disorientation
[dɪsˌɔ:rɪən'teɪʃn] (19725/20877)
Back: n. 方向障碍，迷惑; 失取向
分布：迷失方向(49%)，迷惑(29%)，定向障碍(22%)
【记】orient（n 东方；adj 东方的；上升的vt 确定方向）
【参】disoriented（adj 分不清方向或目标的；无判断力的）
n. 迷失方向；迷惑
 - delusion, fog

Word: dissension
Front: dissension
[dɪˈsenʃn] (托 19856/19792)
Vocabulary: dissension
(once / 1473 pages)
n
You can use the noun dissension for situations where people just can't agree or get along. There is often dissension between labor unions and governments vying for funds, or even between siblings — vying for attention.
A dissension is a disagreement, or difference of opinion, and the meaning hasn't changed since the word first came into use in French in about the 12th century. Sometimes a dissension is simply a brief and easily resolved disagreement, and at other times it might last for thousands of years. People in the Balkans have had centuries of religious dissension, alternating with periods of peaceable coexistence.
WORD FAMILY
dissension: dissensions+/ dissent: dissension, dissented, dissenter, dissentient, dissenting, dissentious, dissents/dissenter: dissenters/dissenting: dissentingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Despite the controversy and dissensions, the Republican House bill contains provisions that might make sense.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
The resulting picture of Native Americans is one of dissension, with little unity among tribes or even within tribes.
Seattle Times(Nov 17, 2016)
The sale was reported in the Russian media to have caused dissension between rival factions in the Kremlin.
Washington Post(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 不和，纠纷，争吵
分布：纠纷(78%)，争执(14%)，意见不合(8%)
意见不合,冲突(dis+sens+ion)[Sens,sent=feel,表示"感觉"]
【记】dis分开，sens＝sense感觉－感觉不同－分歧
【参】dissenting（adj 不同意的）＝dissentient
【反】concord（n 和谐；一致）
[dɪ'sen.tʃən] slightly formal
noun uncountable
■arguments and disagreement, especially in an organization, group, political party, etc. （尤指组织、团体、政党等内部的）分歧，异议，争议
• There are signs of dissension within the ruling political party. 执政党内部出现了意见不一的迹象。
n. 纠纷；意见不合；争吵；倾轧
 - argument, brush, dispute

Word: distantly
Front: distantly
[ˈdɪstəntlɪ] (20966/20018)
Back: adv. 远离地; 冷淡地; 关系较远地; 恍惚地
分布：遥远的(81%)，疏远的(9%)，远房的(6%)，陌生的(3%)，远行的(1%)
adverb
NOT CLOSE 遥远地
■far away 遥远地，远远地
• He heard, distantly, the sound of the sea. 他远远地听到了大海的声音。
• They're distantly related. 他们是远亲。
['dɪs.tənt.li] adverb
NOT FRIENDLY 冷漠地
■in an unfriendly way, showing no emotion 冷漠地，冷冷地
• Sam smiled, distantly. 山姆冷冷地笑了笑。
adv. 远离地；疏远地；冷淡地
 - strange, coldly

Word: diversionary
Front: diversionary
[daɪˈvɜ:ʃənəri] (26052/32979)
Back: adj. 转换注意力的，牵制的
分布：牵制的(67%)，使转换注意(33%)

Word: mastiff
Front: mastiff
[ˈmæstɪf] (28971/36841)
Back: n. 獒，大驯犬（大型猛犬的一种）
分布：马士提夫犬(100%)
→来自古法语mastin,大狗，大驯犬，来自拉丁语mansuetus,驯服的，温顺的，词源同mansuetude,manual.
noun countable
■a large strong short-haired dog 獒，大驯犬

Word: marksman
Front: marksman
[ˈmɑ:ksmən] (23755/21326 -1)
Vocabulary: marksman
(once / 2843 pages)
n
A marksman is someone who is excellent at shooting a gun. A skilled marksman hits the bull’s eye every time.
The word mark is from the Middle English word for “target,” so a marksman is a man (or woman) who has excellent aim and shoots a target. In many westerns, the hero is a marksman capable of hitting a small target that’s far away. In real life, police officers and members of the military are trained to be marksmen. Women can be marksmen, too, but if the name bugs you, call them sharpshooters.
WORD FAMILY
marksman: marksmanship, marksmen
USAGE EXAMPLES
Our deep dive looks at the case of a young marksman who landed in prison after he returned from Afghanistan.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Tyler P. Kurtz, selected him for a particularly difficult role: designated marksman.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
The suspected gunman was killed by a sheriff’s marksman, ending an 11-hour standoff.
Washington Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 神枪手; 〈美〉二等射手，轻兵器射手的最低等级
分布：神枪手(89%)，擅打靶的人(11%)
神枪手(marks记号,指靶中心的符号+man→打枪中靶的人)[mark=sign,表示"记号,符号"]
US ['mɑ:rks-] noun countable
■someone who can shoot a gun very accurately 神射手，神枪手
• Police marksmen were called to the scene. 警方的神枪手被调到现场。

Word: masochism
Front: masochism
[ˈmæsəkɪzəm] (27121/24949 -1)
Vocabulary: masochism
(once / 14738 pages)
n
Someone into masochism gets sexual pleasure from being hurt: they are turned on by pain.
When you see the word masochism, think "pleasure from pain." Masochism is the opposite of sadism, which involves getting turned on by hurting people. Masochists are the ones that like getting hurt, though usually not seriously. Besides sex, people talk about masochism in other situations. If an employee keeps asking for more and more work, and seems to enjoy being stressed out and pushed around by a boss, other employees may see this as masochism.
WORD FAMILY
masochism: masochist, masochistic +/ masochist: masochists/ masochistic: masochistically
USAGE EXAMPLES
Female masochism, it seemed, was falling out of style.
Slate(Dec 27, 2016)
Or perhaps those white voters turned that pain in the wrong direction and in an act of political masochism backed Donald Trump.
Salon(Dec 05, 2016)
This is the degree level of athletic masochism Mourinho demands.
The Guardian(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: n. 受虐狂; 被虐待狂; 自虐
分布：受虐狂(64%)，性受虐(21%)，受虐倾向(15%)
→来自19世纪奥地利小说家Leopold von Sacher-Masoch,他把自己心中的受虐思想和真实生活用小说的形式表现出来，其中最著名的为”Venus im Pelz”.参照电影《穿裘皮的维纳斯》。后心理学家用他的名字来表示受虐狂。比较Sadism,SM.
noun uncountable
■the activity of getting sexual pleasure from being hurt or controlled by another person 受虐狂（尤指性受虐狂） Compare sadism informal
■the enjoyment of an activity or situation that most people would find very unpleasant 自虐狂
• I reckon you need to be into masochism to run marathons. 我觉得那些喜欢自虐的人才会以跑马拉松为乐。
Compare sadism

Word: machinist
Front: machinist
[məˈʃi:nɪst] (18426/25021 -1)
Back: n. 机械师，机工
分布：机械师(65%)，机械工(26%)，机械安装修理工(9%)
→来自machine,机器，-ist,人。即操控机器的人。
noun countable
■a person whose job is operating a machine 机工，机械师；缝纫工
• She works as a machinist in a clothing factory. 她在一家制衣厂做缝纫工。

Word: macaroni
Front: macaroni
[ˌmækəˈrəʊni] (12829/34758)
Vocabulary: macaroni
(once / 3562 pages)
1n 2n
Macaroni is a short, skinny, tube-shaped pasta. Many kids — and adults — would name "macaroni and cheese" as one of their favorite foods.
At some Italian restaurants, you can order macaroni as a side dish, and it's easy to cook at home with tomato sauce or butter and cheese. Macaroni and cheese can be cooked on the stove or baked in the oven with a crunchy breadcrumb topping. Macaroni began to have the second meaning of "fop" or "dandy" around 1780, named for the well-traveled youths who ate what was considered fancy and exotic at the time — macaroni.
WORD FAMILY
macaroni: macaronies, macaronis
USAGE EXAMPLES
Successful by their own measures, Karen and Matt live in a converted macaroni factory, spitting distance from several pretentious coffeehouses.
Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017)
This is followed by macaroni and cheese, BBQ beans and a rack of ribs that is pretty much larger than I am.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Ms. Christensen’s beloved macaroni au gratin, her first Slow Food Fast recipe, is mac and cheese dialed up to 11.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 意大利粉，通心面
分布：通心粉(100%)
→来自意大利语maccarone,一种面团制成的食物，可能来自maccare,捣，压碎，词源同macaroon.后用于指这种面团制成的通心粉。
US [-ə'roʊ-] noun uncountable
■a type of pasta in the shape of small tubes 通心粉；通心面
n. 通心粉；通心面条；纨绔子弟
 - penne, buck

Word: misbegotten
Front: misbegotten
[ˌmɪsbɪˈgɒtn] (30890/48366)
Vocabulary: misbegotten
(once / 29923 pages)
adj
Someone who's misbegotten is born to two parents who aren't legally married. In the past, being misbegotten was quite embarrassing.
The adjective misbegotten, which commonly means "badly planned," used to have another use: a derogatory way to describe someone born "out of wedlock," or to unmarried parents. It's an extremely old fashioned way to use the word, coined in the 1500s, but you may come across it in a book, describing a pitiful, misbegotten heroine for example. It comes from the equally obsolete misbeget, from the literary definition of beget, "give birth," or "parent."
WORD FAMILY
begotten: misbegotten
USAGE EXAMPLES
By no stretch is this a disaster on a par with Lucas’s misbegotten prequel trilogy.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
Yet fans of Mr. Silver’s angry wit and whimsy may feel he is missing in action in this portrait of a misbegotten marriage.
New York Times(Nov 21, 2016)
One of the benefits of his latter-day touring was that he rescued some songs from misbegotten studio arrangements.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 私生的; 非婚生的; 靠非法手段获取的; 设计得很拙劣的
分布：考虑不周的(60%)，〈古〉私生的(20%)，计划不好的(20%)
→mis-,坏的，错的，不好的，begot,得到。比喻用法。
US [-'gɑ:.tˌən] adjective
BADLY PLANNED 计划不周的 formal
■badly or stupidly planned or designed 计划不周密的，规划拙劣的
• a misbegotten belief/idea 不周密的想法
• misbegotten social and economic policies 极不合理的社会与经济政策
UK [ˌmɪs.bɪ'gɒt.ən] US [-'gɑ:.tˌən] adjective
NOT RESPECTED 不受尊敬的
[before noun] old-fashioned formal
■not deserving to be respected or thought valuable 卑鄙的；声名狼藉的
• Her misbegotten father spent most of his adult life in prison. 她那声名狼藉的父亲在狱中度过了他的大半生。
adj. 私生的；可鄙的；以非法手段得到的
 - unlawful, bastard

Word: misconstrue
Front: misconstrue
[ˌmɪskənˈstru:] (22209/32836)
Vocabulary: misconstrue
(once / 5242 pages)
v
Misconstrue means something is interpreted the wrong way. If you see your brother walking your best friend home, you may misconstrue the situation and think they're dating when really he's only picking up your birthday present.
The verb misconstrue originates from the words mis-, meaning "wrong," and construe, meaning "construction." Combined they mean "to put a wrong construction on" — in other words, something is given the wrong interpretation. You may misconstrue your brother's intentions when he takes your bike without asking. Sometimes people can intentionally allow others to misconstrue something for personal gain. A politician may let voters misconstrue his voting record to get elected.
WORD FAMILY
misconstrue: misconstrual, misconstruction, misconstrued, misconstrues, misconstruing+/ construe: construal, construed, construes, construing, misconstrue /misconstrual: misconstruals/misconstruction: misconstructions
USAGE EXAMPLES
In his telling, Trump is a political centrist who is misconstrued as an extremist.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
“I couldn’t just tell a few people; the story would get misconstrued,” Bergman said.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
“A lot of people misconstrue what I’m doing,” she said.
New York Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: vt. 误解
时态：misconstrued, misconstruing, misconstrues
分布：误解(57%)，曲解(43%)
→mis-,坏的，错的，不好的，construe,解读。引申词义误解他人的言行。
【记】mis错，construe（v 解释）
[ˌmɪs.kən'stru:] formal
verb transitive
■to form a false understanding of the meaning or intention of something that someone does or says 误解…的意思（或意图）
• She said Harris had misconstrued her comments. 她说哈里斯误解了她的评论。
• Their caution was misconstrued as cowardice. 他们的谨慎被误解为懦弱。
vt. 误解，曲解；误会
 - misinterpret, misread

Word: multidisciplinary
Front: multidisciplinary
[ˌmʌltidɪsəˈplɪnəri] (14907/17417)
Back: adj. 包括各种学科的，有关各种学问的; 多学科; 多部门; 多科目
分布：有关各种学问的(60%)，包括各种学科的(40%)
→multi-,许多，多个，discipline,学科。

Word: moorish

Word: motionless
Front: motionless
[ˈməʊʃnləs] (托 9497/10556 -1)
Vocabulary: motionless
(once / 349 pages)
adj
If you're motionless, you're completely still, not moving a muscle. Your barber might instruct you to remain motionless while he trims the hair around your ears.
Anything that's motionless doesn't move — a statue is motionless, and your bike is motionless lying in the driveway until you climb on it and start pedaling. Photographs are motionless, while video records movement. Your new puppy might be a constantly wiggling, jumping ball of motion until she becomes exhausted and falls sound asleep, motionless. Motion, or movement, comes from a Latin root, motionem, "a movement" or "an emotion."
WORD FAMILY
motionless: motionlessly, motionlessness+/ motion: motional, motioned, motioning, motionless, motions
USAGE EXAMPLES
She and her son walked slowly toward each other and locked in a silent and almost motionless embrace.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Modern office chairs are designed to allow us to sit more or less motionless for hours on end.
Slate(Dec 21, 2016)
"For several anxious hours we lay, motionless and helpless, outstretched on the ground."
Science Magazine(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 不动的，静止的; 呆若木鸡的; 不运动的; 靓
分布：不动的(65%)，静止的(35%)
【反】vacillating（adj 犹豫的）
US ['moʊ-] adjective
■without moving 不动的，静止的
• The horse lay motionless on the ground, as if dead. 这匹马一动不动躺在地上，像死了似的。
adj. 静止的；不运动的
 - still, resting

Word: nawab

Word: neonatal
Front: neonatal
[ˌni:əʊˈneɪtl] (19124/26796)
Vocabulary: neonatal
(once / 71633 pages)
adj
Neonatal describes the first month of a person's life. The neonatal period is that first month after a baby is born. There are also neonatal disorders that require neonatal care.
Like many babies, the word neonatal's parents are from different places — neo comes from Greek and means “new,” and natal comes from the Latin word natus which means “to be born.” Neonatal means newborn. The neonatal stage is the first month of life, when a baby is tiniest and most fragile. Babies born at a hospital who can’t come home right away sometimes stay in a neonatal intensive care unit, where neonatal nurses care for them.
WORD FAMILY
natal: antenatal, natality, natally, neonatal, postnatal, prenatal +/ prenatal: prenatally
USAGE EXAMPLES
Like his mother, Mills became a parent late in life, and his son, Hopper, spent time in the neonatal ward.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
The occurrence rate was dramatically higher in intensive care units and neonatal wards, the body said.
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
The Ifakara Health Institute - which specialises in treatments for malaria, HIV, tuberculosis as well as neonatal health issues - will be the local partner.
BBC(Dec 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 新生的，初生的
分布：新生的(65%)，初生的(35%)
新生的,被生的(neo+natal出生的)[neo-表示"新的"]
US [-oʊ'neɪ.tˌəl] adjective [before noun]
■of or for babies that were born recently 新生儿的；新生期的
• Their baby is still in the hospital's neonatal unit. 他们的婴儿还在医院的新生儿科。
adj. [儿科] 新生的；初生的
 - newborn, renascent

Word: nitric
Front: nitric
['naɪtrɪk] (24824/25728)
Back: adj. （尤指在五价状态下）氮的，含氮的
分布：氮的(72%)，含氮的(14%)，硝石的(14%)
adj. 氮的；含氮的；硝石的
 - azo

Word: nonentity
Front: nonentity
[nɒˈnentəti] (宝 30076/32742)
Vocabulary: nonentity
(once / 7553 pages)
1n 2n
The noun nonentity refers to a person of no significance or importance. If you are a member of a sports team, but spend all your time sitting on the bench watching the rest of the team play, you will probably feel like a nonentity.
Something that is an entity exists, and if you are considered a nonentity, you might as well not exist. A political nonentity has no power, and a social nonentity blends in with the wallpaper. Not only people are considered nonentities; groups or things can be nonentities too. If a nonentity beats a nationally ranked team, that's a real upset. The cereal brand that stays on the shelf and is ignored can also be considered a nonentity in the cereal market.
WORD FAMILY
nonentity: nonentities+/ entity: entities, nonentity
USAGE EXAMPLES
At this meeting, they were officially a nonentity.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Nonentities have been placed in positions of authority; a former kebab-shop owner and PiS councillor now oversees research in a large state energy firm.
Economist(Nov 03, 2016)
Sky transformed Britain from being almost a nonentity in professional road cycling into a world dominator.
New York Times(Oct 14, 2016)
Back: n. 无足轻重的人
分布：不存在的事物(50%)，无专长或成就的人(50%)
→non-,无，非，entity,实体，实质。比喻用法。
不存在;无名之人[et=being(存在)]
【记】non，entity存在一好像不存在的人一无足轻重的人
【参】nonesuch（n 无以匹敌的人）
US [ˌnɑ:'nen.tˌə.tˌi] noun
countable disapproving
■a person without strong character, ideas or influence 没有个性（或想法、影响）的人；无足轻重的人
• She was once a political nonentity, but has since won a formidable reputation as a determined campaigner. 她一度在政界无足轻重，但后来因在竞选中意志坚定而赢得盛誉。
uncountable
■when something or someone is not known about because they do not have any strong character, ideas or influence 毫无特色；缺乏见解；无足轻重
• This collection of essays is saved from nonentity by the stature of the contributors. 因作者声誉较高，这本文集才不至归于沉寂。
n. 不存在；虚无；无足轻重的人
 - nothingness, inexistence

Word: neglectful
Front: neglectful
[nɪˈglektfl] (24618/34941)
Vocabulary: neglectful
(once / 9071 pages)
adj
If you're neglectful, you're not as careful or attentive as you should be. A neglectful babysitter might lose track of where her charges are.
A neglectful cat owner might forget to feed his pet, and a neglectful host might wander away from his party guests to check his email or read a magazine. In either case, the neglectful person is being thoughtless or inconsiderate. The verb neglect, "fail to properly care for," is at the root of neglectful, from the Latin neglegere, "to make light of, disregard, or not trouble oneself about," or literally "not to pick up."
WORD FAMILY
neglectful: neglectfully, neglectfulness+/ neglect: neglected, neglecter, neglectful, neglecting, neglects/ neglected: neglectedly/neglecter: neglecters
USAGE EXAMPLES
Things sometimes seem to be divided between helicopter parents and neglectful ones.
New York Times(Aug 31, 2016)
Now, in a crackdown on neglectful landlords, the council has extended that lien authority to the city’s Office of the Tenant Advocate, or OTA.
Washington Post(Nov 25, 2016)
A Portage County judge sentenced Graham to death on Tuesday after considering mitigating factors including his age, neglectful parents and an unstable home life.
Seattle Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 疏忽的，不注意的
分布：疏忽的(62%)，不注意的(38%)
adjective
■not giving enough care and attention to something or someone 疏忽的，不重视的
• I'm sure my boss thinks I've been neglectful of my duties recently. 我敢肯定老板认为我最近工作马虎。
adj. 疏忽的；忽略的；不小心的
 - inadvertent, inattentive

Word: neodymium
Front: neodymium
[ˌni:əʊˈdɪmiəm] (43748/-)
Back: n. 钕
分布：钕(100%)

Word: octave
Front: octave
[ˈɒktɪv] (17343/13119)
Vocabulary: octave
(once / 2695 pages)
1n 2n 3n
An octave is a musical interval of eight notes. Sing from “do” to “do” — on key — and you will have an octave.
Like octagon and octopus, the key to an octave is “eight.” An octave may be the entire eight-note scale, or just the bottom and top notes, like C and C. Octave can also refer to an eight-line group in an Italian sonnet, or an eight-day festival; in fact, the word comes from the Latin expression octava dies, meaning “eighth day” — as in the eighth festival day after a feast. The ave in octave is usually pronounced “iv.”
WORD FAMILY
octave: octaves
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Should I bring it an octave higher?” he asked, and of course, the crowd roared back in the affirmative.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 03, 2016)
Cats’ ears can move in multiple directions, and they can hear at two octaves higher than people.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
The Sentinel reports the 19-year-old Octave was sent to South Carolina last week after serving time in the drug case.
Seattle Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: n. <音>八度音; 八度音阶; 高八度音; 八度和音
分布：倍频程(58%)，八音度(42%)
→音乐术语，来自octa-,八，-ave,名词后缀。
US ['ɑ:k-] specialized
noun countable
■the space between two musical notes which are eight musical notes apart 八度；八度音阶
• Her remarkable vocal range spanned three and a half octaves. 她的音域达三个半八度，宽得惊人。
n. [声] 八度音阶；八行诗；十四行诗的前八行；八个一组的事物
 - octet

Word: normalcy
Front: normalcy
['nɔ:mlsɪ] (14894/44865)
Vocabulary: normalcy
(once / 21608 pages)
n
In the early twentieth century, President Warren Harding popularized the word normalcy with his slogan: “return to normalcy," about getting back to normal life after the war. Since then, the word has been used often instead of "normality."
Normalcy, pronounced "NOR-mal-see," is a state of being normal, usual, or expected. When something returns to a state of normalcy, it is returning to the way that it ought to be. It is another word for normality. Some people believe that normalcy should not be used because the word normality is more formally correct, but in the U.S., you'll often see normalcy used. When it comes to choosing one, take your pick.
WORD FAMILY
normalcy: normalcies+/ abnormal: abnormalcy, abnormality, abnormally/abnormality: abnormalities/ normal: abnormal, normalcy, normalise, normality, normalize, normally, normals, subnormal, supernormal/normalise: normalisation, normalised, normaliser, renormalise/ normality: normalities/ normalize: normalization, normalized, normalizer, normalizes, normalizing, renormalize/subnormal: subnormality, subnormally, subnormals/subnormality: subnormalities/supernormal: supernormally
USAGE EXAMPLES
But for conservative intellectuals, as for so many others, November 8th did not mark a return to normalcy.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
“But normalcy is so much preferable, being able to remember what did — I tend to forget manic episodes.”
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
“It provides a sense of normalcy” for kids and their families, she said.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. 常态，正常
分布：常态(100%)
N-UNCOUNT
正常状态;常态
Normalcy is a situation in which everything is normal.
例：He said that the government was committed to restore normalcy and hold elections in the Punjab...他说政府会致力于恢复正常秩序，并在旁遮普省进行选举。
例：Underneath this image of normalcy, addiction threatened to rip this family apart.在这一切正常的表象下潜伏的是将使这个家庭四分五裂的毒瘾。

Word: northeast
Front: northeast
[.nɔː(r)θ'iːst] (高研四六 4122/16006)
Back: n. 东北，东北方向; 东北部
adj. 在东北的; 东北部的; 向东北的; （风、光线）来自东北方向的
adv. 自东北地
分布：东北(91%)，东北的(5%)，向东北(2%)，来自东北(1%)，向东北的(1%)
n.东北a.东北方的ad.向东北,在东北The bird nests only in northeast, northwest, southeast and southwest lest it be found.此鸟只在东北,西北,东南和西南筑巢,以免被发现.
US [ˌnɔːrɵ-] (written abbreviation NE)
 ADVANCED
■the direction which is between north and east 东北向，东北方
• The wind is in /coming from the northeast. 正在刮东北风。
the Northeast
■the area in the northeast of Britain or of another country （英国或其他国家的）东北部，东北地区
• She works in the Northeast. 她在东北地区工作。
adjective adverb UK [ˌnɔːɵˈiːst] US [ˌnɔːrɵ-/
■in or towards the northeast 在东北（的）；向东北（的）
• Go northeast for about five miles. 往东北方向走大约五英里。
• The town is/lies roughly northeast of here. 这座城镇大致位于此处的东北方。
adjective UK [ˈnɔːɵˌiːst] US [ˈnɔːrɵ-]
northeast wind
■a wind that comes from the northeast 东北风

Word: nutritionist
Front: nutritionist
[njuˈtrɪʃənɪst] (13213/23350 -1)
Back: n. 营养学家
分布：营养学家(100%)
→来自nutrition,营养。
US [nu:-] noun countable
■an expert on the subject of nutrition 营养学家
• The doctor advised him to see a nutritionist about his diet. 医生建议他向营养学家咨询一下饮食问题。
n. 营养学家
 - dietitian

Word: obelisk
Front: obelisk
[ˈɒbəlɪsk] (宝 20650/25727)
Vocabulary: obelisk
(once / 3626 pages)
1n 2n
Next time you visit the nation’s capital, you can wow tourists by telling them the Washington Monument is an obelisk — a tall, narrow stone pillar that tapers to a point at the top and commemorates an important person or event.
Obelisks were all the rage in ancient Egypt and still in vogue in Rome’s heyday. The Egyptians associated the skinny four-sided monoliths with the sun god Ra and thought they looked like the sun’s rays shining down. Herodotus was among the first writers to describe obelisks, and it’s to him that we owe the word; it comes from the Greek obelos, meaning “nail” or “pointed pillar.” History buffs can still spot obelisks, also called “Cleopatra’s Needles,” everywhere from Myanmar to Manhattan.
WORD FAMILY
obelisk: obelisks
USAGE EXAMPLES
Different decorative motifs proceed down the tapered legs, which resemble inverted obelisks.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Near the chapel stands Barnett Newman’s sculpture Broken Obelisk, a colossal impossibility, one point apparently balanced on another, supporting immense weight, forever suspended, forever incomplete.
The Guardian(Nov 11, 2016)
But first, one more glance to the right, where a 66-foot obelisk known as Cleopatra’s Needle was installed in 1881 after being moved from Egypt.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. 方尖石塔，短剑号，疑问记号
分布：方尖石碑(100%)
→来自拉丁语obeliscus,方尖碑，来自希腊语obelos,针，扦子。
US ['ɑ:.bəl-] noun countable
■a tall stone column with four sloping sides and a pointed top, made in honour of an important person or event 方尖纪念碑

Word: palmetto
Front: palmetto
[pælˈmetəʊ] (20664/-)
Vocabulary: palmetto
(once / 7048 pages)
n
A palmetto is a type of palm tree. You're most likely to see palmettos in South America or the southern US states, instead of say Nebraska.
A palmetto (the "cabbage palmetto, to be specific) is Florida's official state tree, and South Carolina is known as "the palmetto state." Palmettos are fan palms, with leaves in the shape of fans that are arranged in a rounded shape. The very middle of the palmetto plant is edible, and when it's harvested and sold as food, it's called "heart of palm." Palmetto comes from the Spanish palmito, "little palm tree."
WORD FAMILY
palmetto: palmettoes, palmettos
USAGE EXAMPLES
According to the United Drive-In Theatre Owners Association’s website, there are currently just six sites and seven screens in the Palmetto State.
Washington Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Palmetto Playground in his hometown of Brooklyn was renamed in his memory the following year.
Washington Times(Nov 19, 2016)
Video surveillance shows that Chandler went to the Snappy Mart in Palmetto on Labor Day 2015.
Washington Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 美洲蒲葵（棕榈科植物）
分布：矮棕榈条(100%)
→来自palm,棕榈，-etto,西班牙语小词后缀，对应-ette.

Word: oxidase
Front: oxidase
['ɒksɪdeɪs] (37519/30242)
Back: n. 氧化酶
分布：氧化酶(100%)
n. [生化] 氧化酶
 - oxidizing enzyme

Word: oxidative
Front: oxidative
['ɒksɪdeɪtɪv] (27841/42634)
Back: adj. 氧化的，具有氧化特性的
分布：氧化的(100%)
adj. [化学] 氧化的
 - oxygenated, oxic

Word: orville

Word: pallid
Front: pallid
[ˈpælɪd] (宝 20678/20341)
Vocabulary: pallid
(once / 1209 pages)
adj
Santa looks a little pallid, meaning that he has a pale complexion, from spending too much time at the North Pole. A few days in Hawaii might do wonders to add color to his pale, bearded face.
Pallid means pale, or lacking color. It's often used together with complexion to describe someone who has a pale face, either due to a lack of sunshine or some kind of emotional distress. A reclusive author could be pallid from spending too much time indoors. His books can also be called pallid if they're lacking in color and excitement.
WORD FAMILY
pallid: pallidity, pallidly, pallidness+/pallidity: pallidities
USAGE EXAMPLES
A bypass channel for the irrigation dam would be built near the Montana-North Dakota border to let endangered pallid sturgeon reach upstream spawning grounds.
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
But that’s the interior; from outside, Paterson’s pallid brown home looks rather meager and suburban.
Salon(Dec 28, 2016)
Army Corps of Engineers is proposing a new Missouri River habitat for the endangered pallid sturgeon fish and sandbar construction for two endangered bird species.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 苍白的，病态的; 无生气的; 煞白
分布：苍白的(58%)，无生气的(28%)，暗淡的(14%)
→来自pallor,苍白。
【记】pall＝pale（adj 苍白的）
【反】rubicund（adj 脸色红润的）
adjective
■very pale, in a way that looks unhealthy and not attractive 无血色的，病状的
• Next to his tanned face, hers seemed pallid and unhealthy. 与他那张晒得黑黑的脸相比，她的脸显得苍白不健康。
■showing no enthusiasm or excitement 无生气的，不够精彩的
• This is a pallid production of what should be a great ballet. 本该是一出精彩的芭蕾舞，却被表演得了无生趣。
adj. 苍白的；暗淡的；无生气的
 - gray, dirty, pale, wan

Word: ouch
Front: ouch
[aʊtʃ] (高 15065/22197)
Back: int. （痛苦或惊讶时的叫声）哎哟
分布：哎唷(100%)
→感叹词。
exclamation
■used to express sudden physical pain （表示身体上突然的疼痛）哎哟
• Ouch, you're hurting me! 哎呦，你弄痛我了！
■humorous
■used in answer to something unkind that someone says （用于回应别人不友善的话）哎哟，哎呀
• "I really think you're much too fat, Dorothy." "Ouch, that was a bit unkind." “我真的觉得你太胖了，桃乐西。”“哎哟，你有点刻薄了。”
n. 扣环
 - retaining ring, shrink-ring
int. 哎哟（突然疼痛时发出的声音）
 - oops, strewth

Word: palsy
Front: palsy
[ˈpɔ:lzi] (15147/20842)
Vocabulary: palsy
(once / 2803 pages)
nv
If you're paralyzed, you can describe your condition as palsy. Your grandfather's palsy might confine him to a wheelchair.
The noun palsy can be used to talk about an inability to move, or alternately, an uncontrollable shaking that's caused by some condition or disease. Some kinds of palsy affect one side of a person's face, leaving half of it paralyzed. The Greek origin of palsy is paralysis, which literally means "loosen," from the word paralyein, and its roots para, "beside," and lyein, "loosen or untie."
WORD FAMILY
palsy: palsied, palsies, palsying+/palsied: palsiedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Stone, who was born with cerebral palsy, wanted to live off-campus while attending Seattle University.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
“Even though it looks like cerebral palsy, it’s not cerebral palsy,” said Manju Kurian, a specialist in movement disorders who led the research.
The Guardian(Dec 19, 2016)
Christiansen was born two months prematurely with cerebral palsy and survived despite suffering jaundice, blood poisoning, a heart attack and a collapsed lung.
BBC(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: n. 瘫痪，麻痹，中风
时态：palsied, palsying, palsies
分布：麻痹(85%)，中风(10%)，麻痹状态(5%)
→缩写自paralysis,瘫痪。
N-UNCOUNT
瘫痪；麻痹
Palsy is a loss of feeling in part of your body.
n. [内科] 麻痹，麻痹状态；中风
 - stroke, paralysis
vt. [内科] 麻痹； [医] 使瘫痪
 - paralyze

Word: pestilence
Front: pestilence
[ˈpestɪləns] (托 23924/24980)
Vocabulary: pestilence
(once / 1143 pages)
n
Pestilence means a deadly and overwhelming disease that affects an entire community. The Black Plague, a disease that killed over thirty percent of Europe's population, was certainly a pestilence.
Pestilence is also one of the four Horseman of the Apocalypse in the book of Revelation (which is part of The Bible). When pestilence rides into town, you want to be somewhere far, far away. Whereas a person gets the flue, a nation experiences a pestilence. A disease that causes widespread crop damage or animal deaths can also be called a pestilence.
WORD FAMILY
pestilence: pestilences, pestilential +/ pestilent: pestilence, pestilently/ pestilential: pestilentially
USAGE EXAMPLES
The streets were torn up and gridlocked during the construction, which unleashed a pestilence of rats through the neighborhood.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Those acts of hate that you heard about were just 2016’s general pestilence at work, and 2016 will be over.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
It’s a pestilence — one whose repugnant views Trump has invited into his White House.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 瘟疫， （尤指）腺鼠疫
分布：瘟疫(96%)，毒害物(4%)
→来自拉丁语pestis,传染病，瘟疫，诅咒，词源同pest.
US [-təl.ənts] noun
countable or uncountable formal
■any very serious infectious disease that spreads quickly and kills large numbers of people 瘟疫，疫病
only singular
■a serious and growing problem 毒瘤，日益严重的问题
• The report states that vandalism is a pestilence which must be stamped out. 该报告说明，恶意破坏行为是社会的毒瘤，必须铲除。
n. [医] 瘟疫（尤指鼠疫）；有害的事物
 - plague, murrain

Word: partiality
Front: partiality
[ˌpɑ:ʃiˈæləti] (宝 29852/23815)
Vocabulary: partiality
(once / 1944 pages)
n
Partiality is the habit of favoring something — taking its part. If your parents always seem to let your little sister off the hook while you get grounded, you could accuse them of partiality in their parenting. They favor your sister over you.
Partiality is like bias. It means that your favorite person, type of food, or way of operating tends to get priority when you’re making up your mind. A synonym for partiality is favoritism. For this reason, anyone who’s not directly benefiting from your partiality will not appreciate it. It’s unfair!
WORD FAMILY
partiality: partialities+/ counterpart: counterparts/forepart: foreparts/ part: counterpart, forepart, parted, partial, parting, partitive, parts, subpart, underpart/ partial: partiality, partially, partialness, partials/parting: partings/partitive: partitively, partitives/subpart: subparts/underpart: underparts
USAGE EXAMPLES
Leaders, Caslen said, can’t show partiality to any one group of people over another and should build teams where everyone feels valued.
Washington Post(Sep 10, 2016)
A conservative partiality toward following rules and norms also explains other contrasts.
Golf Digest(Aug 03, 2016)
“Police officers take an oath to uphold the laws of the State without partiality or prejudice,” Davitt said in a statement.
Washington Post(Jul 20, 2016)
Back: n. <正><贬>偏袒; 特别喜爱，酷爱; 偏心
分布：偏心(45%)，偏袒(34%)，癖好(21%)
→来自partial,偏袒的。
US [ˌpɑ:r.ʃi'æl.ə.tˌi] noun
UNFAIR 不公平
uncountable
■unfair preference for or approval of something 偏袒，偏见，不公允的同意（或赞成）
• The judges have been heavily criticized for their partiality in the whole affair. 法官因在整个事件中执法不公而遭到了严厉批评。
Opposite impartiality
UK [ˌpɑ:.ʃi'æl.ə.ti] US [ˌpɑ:r.ʃi'æl.ə.tˌi] noun
LIKING 嗜好
countable old-fashioned or formal
■a liking 嗜好
• He has a partiality for expensive suits. 他偏爱昂贵的西装。
n. 偏心；偏袒；偏爱；癖好
 - tendency, preference, favour

Word: peremptory
Front: peremptory
[pəˈremptəri] (宝 23787/21956)
Vocabulary: peremptory
(once / 1166 pages)
adj
Peremptory comments are like orders. If you say something in a peremptory manner, you want people to stop what they’re doing and do what you say. Peremptory comments put an end to a discussion, and that’s final!
The word peremptory comes from the Latin peremptorius for “decisive, final.” Trace it further and find that peremptor means "destroyer," from perimpere for "destroy, cut off.” Basically, peremptory commands destroy the conversation. They are given with an air of authority, and they are often barked. In the courtroom, peremptory orders are not open to appeal; they’re final. Outside of the courtroom, a peremptory manner is just plain rude.
WORD FAMILY
peremptory: peremptorily, peremptoryly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Relatedly, don’t be fooled by small signs of normality, the odd moderate placed in this or that position, a peremptory call for peace.
The Guardian(Nov 15, 2016)
When they left the stage, she lingered to take selfies while the famously peremptory Sanders stood close to the curtain, apparently itching to leave.
Time(Sep 28, 2016)
In an unmistakably peremptory gesture, she shut the office without informing the White House.
The New Yorker(Jul 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 断然的; 不容置辩的; 傲慢的; 专横的
分布：专横的(52%)，强制的(40%)，不容反抗的(8%)
→per-,整个的，-empt,拿，带，词源同exempt.assumptive.即整个的拿走，引申词义强硬的，专横的。
专横的,武断的(per全部+empt+ory→全部拿了→武断的)[em,empt,ampl=take,procure,表示"拿,获得"]
专横的(per全部＋empt买...全部买新)[-ory 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词,指场所等]
【记】per向四面八方，emptory＝empty（adj 空的）－把反对的人全部清空－专横的
【参】preempt（v 优先取得）；exemption（n 豁免；免除）
【反】open to challenge（愿意接受挑战的）
US [-tɚ-] adjective
■expecting to be obeyed immediately and without asking questions 不容置辩的；专横的，霸道的
• He started issuing peremptory instructions. 他开始下达一些强制性的命令。
• She was highly critical of the insensitive and peremptory way in which the cases had been handled. 她严厉批评了对这些案件毫不体察、武断死板的处理方式。
adj. 强制的；绝对的；断然的；专横的
 - strict, absolute, positive, resolved, mandatory

Word: podge

Word: plaintive
Front: plaintive
[ˈpleɪntɪv] (雅宝 19048/20476 -1)
Vocabulary: plaintive
(once / 1021 pages)
adj
Plaintive is an adjective for describing someone or something with a pleading, sorrowful, desperate tone. If you have ever heard the plaintive howl of a wolf, then you know what we are getting at here.
A plaint, as in complaint, is an expression of sorrow or grief. This word has also been bent a little at the ends to become plaintiff, or complainant—the sufferer—in a lawsuit. So, whether you are hearing a plaintive tone in a courtroom, at a funeral, or in the wild (as in an animal's plaintive howl), you can be assured that someone or something desires something desperately.
WORD FAMILY
plaintive: plaintively, plaintiveness, plaintivest
USAGE EXAMPLES
He still sang, but only naats, plaintive poems that praise the Prophet Muhammad, set to faint orchestral accompaniment.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
A cock was crowing, a drawn-out, plaintive sound that seemed very close close by.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
The men and women, usually seated, face forward with neutral expressions turned sober, plaintive even, by peculiar eyes shaped like warped peapods.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 悲哀的，哀怨的; 哭诉的; 可怜的; 忧郁的
分布：哀伤的(50%)，可怜的(50%)
→来自plaint,哀伤，悲痛，-iff,形容词后缀。
痛苦的,伤心的(plaint+ive)[plaint=complain,表示"抱怨"]
伤心的(plaint悲伤)[-ive 1.表形容词2.表名词后缀,"人或物"]
US [-tˌɪv] adjective
■describes something which sounds slightly sad 伤感的
• the plaintive sound of the bagpipes 悲凉的风笛声
• "What about me?" came a plaintive voice. “我怎么办？”一个忧伤的声音问道。
adj. 哀伤的；悲哀的
 - sad, sorrow-stricken

Word: playhouse
Front: playhouse
[ˈpleɪhɑʊs] (18720/22355 -1)
Back: n. 剧场，戏院; 儿童游戏馆
分布：戏院(54%)，儿童游戏房(46%)
noun countable
THEATRE 剧场
■a theatre. This is now only used in the names of theatres 戏院，剧场（现仅用于剧场名）
• the La Jolla Playhouse in San Diego 圣迭哥的拉霍亚剧院
• the Edinburgh Playhouse 爱丁堡剧场
['pleɪ.haʊs] noun countable
TOY HOUSE 玩具屋 (UK also Wendy house)
■a small structure that looks like a house, for children to play in 玩具小屋；儿童游戏室
n. 剧场；玩具房屋；儿童游戏室
 - theater, odeon

Word: phylloxera
Front: phylloxera
[fɪ'lɒksərə] (41181/-)
Back: n. 根瘤蚜，葡萄根瘤蚜
分布：葡萄根瘤蚜(63%)，木虱(37%)
n. 木虱；葡萄根瘤蚜
 - psylla, woodlice

Word: pinstripe
Front: pinstripe
[ˈpɪnstraɪp] (21555/23346)
Back: n. 细条纹，细条纹的布料
分布：细条子衣服(67%)，细条子(33%)
→pin,针，stripe,条纹。用于指细条纹西服。
noun
uncountable
■a usually dark cloth with a pattern of narrow, usually pale, parallel lines 细条纹衣料
• He was wearing a pinstripe suit. 他身穿细条纹西装。
pinstripes [plural]
■suits made of pinstriped cloth 细条纹西装
• She watched the businessmen walk past in their pinstripes. 她看着那些身穿细条纹西装的商人走过。
n. 细条纹；细条纹布衣服
 - striola

Word: phonograph
Front: phonograph
[ˈfəʊnəgrɑ:f] (20733/48226)
Vocabulary: phonograph
(once / 3374 pages)
n
A phonograph is a record player, an old-fashioned machine that plays music recorded on an engraved disk. The phonograph was the first machine that could both record and play sounds.
Thomas Edison invented the phonograph in 1877, and it evolved first into the gramophone and then the record player or turntable. Phonographs are distinguished by the large horns through which music is broadcast. A record revolves on the phonograph's base, and when the stylus or needle is placed on top, it vibrates and reproduces the recorded sounds. The word comes from the Greek roots phono, "sound," and graph, "instrument for recording."
WORD FAMILY
phonograph: phonographs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Two centuries passed before Edison unveiled his phonograph.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Competition from phonographs and large companies such as Sears eventually caused the company to fold.
Washington Times(Dec 18, 2016)
From childhood, he was enchanted by the singing of cantors like the great Yossele Rosenblatt, whom he heard on his parents’ phonograph.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. <美>留声机
分布：留声机(93%)，电唱机(7%)
→phono-,声音，语音，-graph,写，记录。比喻用法，最早由发明家爱迪生发明的一种机器。
留声机(phono+graph写→写下声音→留声机)[phon=sound,表示"声音"]
US ['foʊ.noʊ.græf] noun countable US old use for
■ record player
n. 留声机； [电子] 电唱机
 - grammy

Word: radial
Front: radial
[ˈreɪdiəl] (六 16392/10826)
Vocabulary: radial
(once / 6185 pages)
adjn
Radial things stick out from a center point or have to do with the radius of a circle. On a map, you can see that a traffic circle or roundabout consists of radial streets extending out from the center.
A radius is a line from the center of a circle to its edge, or circumference. The adjective radial describes anything that acts as a radius or resembles one — often something radial is literally a line sticking straight out from a center point. Radial tires are designed so that each individual rubber cord making up the tire's surface lies in a radial direction from the middle of the tire. In Latin, radius means "shaft" or "spoke of a wheel."
WORD FAMILY
radial: radially, radials
USAGE EXAMPLES
By using a complex mathematical method called radial velocity, they witnessed the planet’s gravitational effect on its star and deduced that it must be there.
New York Times(Dec 07, 2016)
“When it spiral fractured, it cut the radial nerve to my hand and wrist, so it was paralyzed for two years.”
Washington Times(Dec 02, 2016)
The new pews, in dark walnut, will be aligned in a radial pattern.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 辐射状的; 放射式的; 径向的; 星形的
n. 子午线轮胎，辐射状轮胎
分布：子午线轮胎(62%)，放射状的(13%)，光线的(13%)，光线状的(8%)，放射状部分(4%)
→rad-,辐射，放射，-al,形容词后缀。
adjective
■spreading out from a central point 辐射状的；放射状的；辐式的
• a radial road system 辐射状的道路系统
['reɪ.di.əl] noun countable (also radial tyre)
■a tyre which has strings inside the rubber that go across the edge of the wheel at an angle of 90° rather than along it 辐射式轮胎，子午线轮胎
adj. 半径的；放射状的；光线的；光线状的
 - actinomorphic
n. [物] 射线，光线
 - ray, stream

Word: pulsate
Front: pulsate
[pʌlˈseɪt] (托宝 19837/20951 -1)
Vocabulary: pulsate
(once / 2638 pages)
v
Things that pulsate throb with a regular, rhythmic beat — like the piped-in music at a trendy discotheque.
Music can pulsate, electromagnetic waves can pulsate, and your head can pulsate when you have a splitting headache. When someone takes your pulse by placing fingers on the inside of your wrist or on your neck, they're counting your heartbeats by feeling the blood pulsate through your arteries.
WORD FAMILY
pulsate: pulsated, pulsates, pulsating, pulsation+/pulsation: pulsations/ pulse: pulsate, pulsed, pulseless, pulses, pulsing/pulsing: pulsings
USAGE EXAMPLES
His shows included orbs of rhythmically pulsating light.
Seattle Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Ireland won a pulsating Test against Australia to clinch victories over the 'big three' southern hemisphere teams in the same year for the first time.
BBC(Nov 26, 2016)
A pulsating video tunnel of LED lights emulating the Aurora Borealis is believed to be the largest of its type in Europe, organisers say.
BBC(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: vi. 搏动; 悸动; 有规律地跳动
时态：pulsated, pulsating, pulsates
分布：搏动(59%)，悸动(31%)，有规律的鼓动(10%)
→来自pulse,脉搏，脉冲，-ate,使。
(脉)搏动(puls脉搏+ate)[pel,puls=drive,push,表示"驱动,推"]
【记】源于：pulse（n 脉搏）
US ['--] verb intransitive
■to beat or move with a strong, regular rhythm 有规律地跳动（或振动）
• The whole room was pulsating with music. 整个房间随着音乐振动着。
vi. 搏动；悸动；有规律地跳动
 - throb

Word: psychopathic
Front: psychopathic
[ˌsaɪkə'pæθɪk] (27281/22108)
Vocabulary: psychopathic
(once / 18643 pages)
adj
Psychopathic is a very strong word — it means mentally ill or insane and probably dangerous.
Psychopathic isn't a word anyone should take lightly. It refers to an undiagnosed mental disorder. Murderers and other dangerous people are often psychopathic. If you watch a TV show that features a character who is dangerous or even deadly, he might be psychopathic. This is a medical word, unlike "crazy," which can mean dozens of things. If you know that someone is psychopathic, stay away: that person is mentally ill and could hurt you.
WORD FAMILY
psychopathic: psychopathically+/psychopathy: psychopathic, psychopathies
USAGE EXAMPLES
It would put immense destructive power in the hands of a psychopathic leader.
Washington Post(Dec 01, 2016)
Being psychopathic is not technically a mental illness.
Salon(Nov 06, 2016)
Mr. Donald Trump; psychopathic spewer of lies and hate, regurgitated out of the bowls of the Republican Party remains their nominee for President.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 精神病的，精神错乱的，要发疯似的
n. 精神变态者
分布：精神病的(53%)，心理变态的(26%)，精神变态者(21%)
adj. 精神病的；精神错乱的
 - insane, unhinged

Word: readmission
Front: readmission
[ˌri:əd'mɪʃn] (30812/27961)
Back: n. 重新接纳，重新入场（或入学）许可
分布：重新接纳(100%)

Word: rearrest

Word: realign
Front: realign
[ˌri:əˈlaɪn] (宝 19555/22091)
Vocabulary: realign
(once / 41040 pages)
v
When you realign something, you return it to a former position or place. If you break your arm roller skating, a doctor will have to set the bone, or realign it, before she puts on a cast.
We realign things physically when we line them back up or restore them to a previous balance. The alignment on your car is what makes it drive straight — all four wheels should be perfectly lined up. If they're not, a mechanic can realign them. We can also realign things figuratively, like when a political party realigns itself, or attempts to line its positions up with what's important to voters.
WORD FAMILY
realign: realigned, realigning, realigns+/ align: aligned, aligning, alignment, aligns, misalign, realign /aligned: nonaligned/ alignment: alignments, dealignment, nonalignment/misalign: misaligned, misalignment/misalignment: misalignments
USAGE EXAMPLES
To Beijing’s delight, Duterte declared he would realign his country in China’s “ideological flow”.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
As important as that was then, she said, it’s the educational coaching she got at Treehouse that probably helped her realign her priorities the most.
Seattle Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Pope Francis is elevating a new crop of leaders to realign the Roman Catholic Church with his priorities.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: v. 重新排列，再结盟
时态：realigned, realigning, realigns
分布：重新排列(64%)，重新编制(20%)，重新结盟(16%)
→re-,再，重新，align,调整。
【记】re再，align（v 排列），lign＝line（v 排成一行）
verb transitive
■to put something into a new or correct position 重新排列；重新调整
• She realigned the books along the edge of the shelf. 她把书沿书架边缘重新排列了一下。
• [R] Several politicians left the party and realigned themselves with the opposition. 几位政治家脱离了这个政党转而投入反对党的阵营。
vi. 重新排列；再结盟；改组；重组
 - reform, shake up

Word: radiator
Front: radiator
[ˈreɪdieɪtə(r)] (六 13342/7281 -1)
Vocabulary: radiator
(once / 6099 pages)
n
A room in an old house is often heated by a radiator, a metal device made up of pipes that circulate steam or hot water.
If your house is heated with radiators, there will usually be one in each room, all connected to a central heating system. A radiator gets hot, and it sends that heat out into the room — in other words, it radiates heat. In fact, the word radiator originally meant "anything that radiates," including heat, light, or energy. By the 1850's, radiator had come to primarily mean "heater in a building or house."
WORD FAMILY
radiator: radiators+/ radiance: radiances/ radiate: radiance, radiancy, radiated, radiately, radiates, radiating, radiatingly, radiation, radiator / radiation: radiations
USAGE EXAMPLES
On the other hand, Radiator doesn't require waiting in line for an hour or two just to get in.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
They wound up in an apartment for the homeless, where their daughters were scalded by radiator steam.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Injuries from radiators usually occur from contact with the heated metal.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 暖气片，散热器; （汽车引擎的）冷却器; 辐射体; 冰箱
分布：散热器(84%)，暖气片(11%)，辐射体(5%)
→来自 radiate,放射，发散。后用于指暖气片，散热器等。
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable
■a device, usually a container filled with water, that sends out heat, often as part of a heating or cooling system （通常指依靠水回圈的）暖气装置；散热器；冷却器
• When we installed the central heating, we put a radiator in every room. 我们安装中央供暖系统时，在每个房间都安了散热器。
• My car engine overheated because the water had leaked out of the radiator. 我的汽车散热器漏水，导致引擎过热。
n. [电] 散热器； [建] 暖气片； [声] [物] [核] 辐射体
 - heatsink, heating unit

Word: retrofit
Front: retrofit
[ˈretrəʊfɪt] (17900/46709)
Vocabulary: retrofit
(once / 25863 pages)
vn
When you retrofit something, you replace old parts with new ones. You might retrofit an antique car with updated brakes and seat belts, for example.
You can use retrofit as a verb, or it can be a noun meaning the new part itself, or something that's added on later. The solar panels on your two hundred year old house are a retrofit, and so is the fancy new stereo in your beat up old car. Retrofit has been around since the mid-1950s, when retroactive and refit were combined into a new word.
WORD FAMILY
retrofit: retrofits, retrofitted, retrofitting
USAGE EXAMPLES
Rich retrofitted the American lyric idiom to the exploration of trauma.
The New Yorker(Dec 19, 2016)
The 52-year-old information-technology contractor was frustrated when he heard such a critical upgrade was needed on a two-year-old car, but he chose the retrofit option.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 17, 2016)
An artist colony inside was evicted to enable the retrofit, and the building is now prime office space.
Seattle Times(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: n. 式样翻新，花样翻新
vt. 给机器设备装配（新部件），翻新，改型
时态：retrofitted, retrofitting, retrofits
分布：翻新(54%)，改进(46%)
→retro-,向后，fit,匹配，装配。引申词义翻新，改造。
VERB
对（机器）更新部件;对（建筑物）进行翻新
To retrofit a machine or a building means to put new parts or new equipment in it after it has been in use for some time, especially to improve its safety or make it work better.
例：Much of this business involves retrofitting existing planes...这项业务主要是改造更新现有的飞机。
例：Damaged houses have been repaired, roads repaved and buildings retrofitted.受损的房子已经修好，公路重铺了，大楼也翻新了。
vt. 改进； [计] 更新；式样翻新
 - improve upon, improve on

Word: rial
Front: rial
['raɪəl] None
Back: n. 伊朗的银币，里亚尔
分布：=riyal.(100%)
US ['ri:.ɔ:l] noun countable
■the standard unit of currency used in Iran, Oman and Yemen 里亚尔（伊朗、阿曼和叶门货币单位 ）
n. 里亚尔（伊朗货币单位）
 - riyal

Word: roebuck

Word: ropey
Front: ropey
['rəʊpɪ] (44350/37799)
Back: adj. 破旧的，旧式的
分布：粘稠的(25%)，糟糕的(25%)，=ropy(25%)，绳状的(25%)
US ['roʊ-]
adjective mainly UK informal
■in bad condition or of low quality 质量差的；差劲的，糟糕的
• Your tyres look a bit ropey, don't they? 看来你的车轮胎有点不行了，是不是？
• I usually feel rather ropey (= ill) the morning after a big party. 我在参加完一个大型派对后，第二天早晨常常会觉得很不舒服。
adj. 旧式的；破旧的
 - shot, old-style

Word: rheumatoid
Front: rheumatoid
['ru:mətɔɪd] (17969/23833)
Back: adj. 风湿病的，类风湿病的
分布：类风湿病的(100%)

Word: ripper
Front: ripper
[ˈrɪpə(r)] (23835/20405)
Back: n. 撕裂者，裂具; 切书机; 粗齿锯; 剖鱼工
分布：撕裂者(45%)，松土机(33%)，凶手(22%)
→比喻用法，来自 rip,撕开，撕裂，-er,人。
n. 撕裂者；粗齿锯；裂具
 - tearer, ripsaw

Word: sexton
Front: sexton
[ˈsekstən] (29359/34421)
Back: n. （负责管理教堂、教堂墓地并打钟和挖墓穴等事务的）教堂司事
分布：教堂司事(85%)，著作包括《生与死》和《死亡笔记》)(15%)
→缩写自 sacristan,教堂司事。
noun countable
■a person whose job is to take care of a church building and its graveyard , and sometimes to ring the church bells 教堂司事（负责看管教堂及其墓地，有时也负责敲钟）
n. 教堂司事
 - ecclesiarch, verger

Word: rune
Front: rune
[ru:n] (22204/13599 -1)
Back: n. 古代北欧文字; 芬兰古诗; 神秘的符号
分布：古日耳曼字母(50%)，神秘的或有魔力的符号(25%)，具有神秘意义的诗歌或咒语(25%)
→来自古诺斯语 run,如尼字母，北欧古字母，来自 Proto-Germanic*runo,字母，神秘，来自 ru-no-,神秘符号，可能来自 rei,刻，划，词源同 rift,river.因如尼字母传说中非常神 秘性，甚至认为是一种通灵字母，可用于占卜。
noun countable
■any of the letters of an ancient alphabet cut into stone or wood in the past by the people of northern Europe, or any similar mark with a secret or magic meaning （古代北欧人使用的）如尼字母，如尼文；神秘的记号；有魔力的符号
n. 诗歌；古代北欧文字；神秘的记号
 - poems, song

Word: seclude
Front: seclude
[sɪˈklu:d] (托雅宝 29397/33474)
Vocabulary: seclude
(once / 590 pages)
v
When you seclude someone, you separate them from other people. A Buddhist monk might seclude himself in a remote place to meditate alone for several weeks.
Most people use the verb seclude to talk about shutting themselves away from society or keeping themselves separate from others. An eccentric family might seclude itself from the neighbors, for example. The root is Latin, secludere, which means "shut off or confine," from se, "apart" and cludere, "to shut." Originally, seclude was used to mean "to enclose or confine," and by the 1620s it also meant "to keep from public view."
WORD FAMILY
seclude: secluded, secludes, secluding, seclusion +/ secluded: secludedly/ seclusion: seclusions
USAGE EXAMPLES
She opted for secluded beaches despite her concerns about swimming in places with no flags or lifeguards.
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
Late that night, Justin drove me to a secluded beach on the north shore of Massachusetts where a handful of stargazers stared skyward.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Some communities in remote areas believe that they will suffer a misfortune such as a natural disaster unless menstruating women are secluded.
BBC(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: vt. 使隔开，使隔绝，使隐退
时态：secluded, secluding, secludes
分布：隔绝(60%)，隔离(40%)
→se-,分开，离开，-clud,关闭，词源同 close,conclude.引申词义隔离，隐居。
和别人隔离;隐居(se+clude关闭→分开关→隐居的)[se-表示"分开,离开,区别开"]
孤立;隐居(se分开+clude→分开关→孤立)[clos,clud,clus=close,表示"关闭"]
vt. 使隔离，使隔绝
 - segregate, quarantine

Word: segmentation
Front: segmentation
[ˌsegmenˈteɪʃn] (22375/13396)
Back: n. 分割; 切分; 分段; 分节
分布：分割(100%)
→segment,分割，切分，-ation,名词后缀。
分裂;切断(segment部分+ation→成为部分→分裂)[Sect,seg=cut,divide,表示"切,割"]
n. 分割；割断；细胞分裂
 - division, parcellation

Word: sayonara
Front: sayonara
['sɑ:jɔ:'nɑ:rɑ:] (37392/-)
Vocabulary: sayonara
(once / 113648 pages)
n
The word sayonara means "goodbye" or "farewell." When you are seeing your friend off at the airport, you can wave and say, "Sayonara!"
Sayonara is a casual way to say goodbye, similar to phrases like "so long" or "see ya!" You might say sayonara to your traveling grandmother, or say sayonara to a terrible job at the end of a long summer. It's a Japanese word that has been a popular informal word in English since the late 1800s. It literally means "if it is to be that way," combining sayo, "that way," and nara, "if."
WORD FAMILY
sayonara: sayonaras
USAGE EXAMPLES
I know there are plenty of Dodgers fans who are miffed about this corporate head butting, especially in light of sportscaster Vin Scully’s sayonara season.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 02, 2016)
Miss your payments and adios wheels, sayonara house.
Los Angeles Times(Apr 15, 2016)
I decided to celebrate with a sayonara Nancy window display.
Slate(Mar 15, 2016)
Back: int. <日>再会，再见
分布：再见(100%)
n. 再见，再会
 - peace out, Good Bye

Word: shredder
Front: shredder
[ˈʃredə(r)] (21482/34237)
Back: n. （食品）磨碎机; 碎纸机
分布：碎纸机(100%)
→shred,切碎，-er,表物。引申词义碎纸机。
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a tool or machine that is used for cutting things into very small pieces 切碎机
• a paper/document/vegetable shredder 碎纸机／文件粉碎机／蔬菜切丝机
• Much of the documentary evidence against her had been put through the shredder before she was arrested. 她被捕前，许多对她不利的书面证据都被放进了碎纸机。

Word: sidi

Word: sidle
Front: sidle
[ˈsaɪdl] (宝 17493/21709)
Vocabulary: sidle
(once / 4286 pages)
v
To sidle is to walk, but in a way that's casual, quiet, and a little sneaky. If you want to surprise someone, sidle up to them and say, "Boo!"
There’s a TV show where a character’s coworker has a habit of walking so softly that he constantly startles her — she never notices him coming. So of course she buys wrestling shoes and tries to sidle back! Sidling is a type of walking that is super quiet. If you want to leave a party without people noticing, sidle out the door. Sidling is a good way to slip away.
WORD FAMILY
sidle: sidled, sidles, sidling
USAGE EXAMPLES
If private investors alone were sidling up to the bar to throw down the cash, this might not be any public concern.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 31, 2016)
One day a cellmate, convicted of selling narcotics online, sidled up to him with some news.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
When the boats sidled up, reeking of gas, they all surged toward them.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: vi. 悄悄地走，偷偷地走近
时态：sidled, sidling, sidles
分布：侧身移动(34%)，侧身行进(33%)，侧身挨近(33%)
→来自 side,边，侧，-le,表反复。引申词义悄悄的走。
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to walk towards or away from someone, trying not to be noticed 侧身而行；悄悄地走
• Tim sidled up/over to the girl sitting at the bar and asked if he could buy her a drink. 蒂姆悄悄走近坐在吧台前的那位小姐，问是否可以请她喝一杯。
• She sidled past him, pretending that she had not seen him. 她从他身边悄悄走过，假装没有看见他。

Word: shoplifter
Front: shoplifter
['ʃɒplɪftə(r)] (26918/35303)
Back: n. （貌似在商店购物实则行窃的）商店窃贼
分布：在商店中行窃的小偷(100%)

Word: shinto

Word: shipman

Word: speechless
Front: speechless
[ˈspi:tʃləs] (13000/15469)
Vocabulary: speechless
(once / 1047 pages)
adj
If you’re speechless, you can’t talk, usually because something surprising and crazy happened. You might be rendered speechless if you win the lottery or find a whale on your front lawn.
When you’re speechless, you’re at a loss for words. For example, people often say things like "I was speechless when I received the news about my brother!" or "The music left me speechless!" It’s an exaggeration. People use speechless in these cases to show how stunned or moved they were, even though they were probably still capable of speech. "I'm speechless" often really means "I'm shocked!"
WORD FAMILY
speechless: speechlessly, speechlessness+/ speech: speeches, speechify, speechless /speechifier: speechifiers/speechify: speechified, speechifier, speechifies, speechifying
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Speechless,” a sitcom about a family with a nonverbal child, knocks down more preconceptions about the world of disabilities with each episode.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
“The colored lights,” answers Mary Hayden, 5, after several minutes of speechless wonder.
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
During a break in filming, she meets her heroes and is speechless.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: adj. 无言的; （因惊愕）一时语塞的; 默然; 无言以对
分布：无言的(41%)，说不出话的(26%)，不会说话的(20%)，非言语能表达的(13%)
→speech,说话，-less,无，没有。
adjective
■unable to speak because you are so angry, shocked, surprised, etc. （因气愤、震惊、惊讶等）说不出话的，无语的，哑口无言的
• The news left us speechless. 那个消息让我们哑口无言。
• She was speechless with indignation. 她气得说不出话来。
adj. 说不出话的；哑的；非言语所能表达的
 - dumb, inarticulate

Word: snafu
Front: snafu
[snæˈfu:] (23697/-)
Vocabulary: snafu
(once / 30306 pages)
nadjv
Snafu was originally a World War II-era military acronym standing for "situation normal: all fucked up." These days, a snafu is any mistake or problem.
The original, military meaning of snafu is obscene. However, since you don't actually say the f-word when saying snafu, just about no one is offended by this word these days. Back in the military, a snafu would have been a dangerous situation, but this word is used now for any kind of goof-up. Spilling soup or forgetting your tickets to a baseball game are snafus. Any error, glitch, or screwed-up situation can be called a snafu.
WORD FAMILY
snafu: snafued, snafuing, snafus
USAGE EXAMPLES
The state eliminated punch cards, many jurisdictions went to brand-new touch-screen voting — and ended up with more snafus.
Washington Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Whether due to oversight, ignorance, laziness, or paperwork snafus, many international adoptees have been shocked to learn they are not U.S. citizens.
Slate(Nov 22, 2016)
Then — consider this our introduction to the presumptions we hadn’t shed — we ran into a little snafu.
Salon(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 天翻地覆的，大混乱的
vt. 使混乱，闹成天翻地覆
n. 天翻地覆、无法可施的状态，一时的混乱
时态：snafued, snafuing, snafues
分布：混乱(61%)，混乱的(26%)，弄乱(13%)
→美国二战军事俚语，缩写自 situation normal,all fucked up,一切正常，全部已完蛋。
[snæ'fu:] US informal
noun countable
■a situation in which nothing has happened as planned 混乱局面，乱子
• The company isn't wholly to blame for the snafu. 出现这样的混乱局面，不该完全怪这家公司。
• A single snafu (= serious mistake) by an airline can leave a lasting impression on travelers. 航空公司只要出一次麻烦，就会给旅客留下持久的印象。
adj. 天翻地覆的，混乱的
 - chaotic, troubled, confused
vt. 使混乱，使一团槽
 - cloud, confuse
n. 天翻地覆；混乱
 - chaos, disorder, confusion, involvement, mix

Word: spigot
Front: spigot
[ˈspɪgət] (20007/44828)
Back: n. 栓，龙头，套管
分布：栓(38%)，饮水的地方(37%)，嘴(25%)
→词源不确定，可能同 spike,麦穗。字面意思即用一把草堵漏水孔。
noun countable
■a device used to control the flow of liquid from something such as a barrel （桶上的）塞，塞栓
US
■a tap , especially on the outside of a building （尤指室外的）水龙头
n. 龙头；栓；饮水的地方
 - plug, bibcock, pin

Word: stallion
Front: stallion
[ˈstæliən] (14932/13053 -1)
Vocabulary: stallion
(once / 2943 pages)
n
While the word stallion most often means "male horse," you can also call donkeys and zebras (as well as other horse relatives) stallions.
A horse is frequently referred to as a stallion once he fathers a foal. While in most of the western world stallions are primarily kept for breeding, it is popular in parts of the Middle East and Asia for stallions to be used for riding (almost always by men). The word stallion comes from stall, referencing ancient laws requiring male breeding horses to be kept in stalls rather than allowed to wander in fields.
WORD FAMILY
stallion: stallions
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was the end of the Coburn-Martin partnership, with Coburn selling his minority interest to Taylor Made Farm, a stallion station in central Kentucky.
New York Times(Nov 05, 2016)
It was the end of the Coburn-Martin partnership, with the cowboy selling his minority interest to Taylor Made Farm, a stallion station in central Kentucky.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Hughes said he was lying when he said he didn’t know which stallion would be first bred to Beholder.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: n. 种马; 公马
分布：种马(100%)
→stall,畜栏，马厩，-ion,名词后缀。用于指保存在马厩育种的马，即种马。
noun countable
■an adult male horse which is used for breeding 种马 Compare mare
n. [畜牧] 种马；成年公马
 - studhorse, stone-horse

Word: slothful
Front: slothful
[ˈsləʊθfl] (托 34516/-)
Vocabulary: slothful
(once / 5713 pages)
adj
To be slothful is to be lazy. When you're slothful, you don't want to do any work. You just want to lie around, eat bonbons, and maybe doze off a little.
If you've ever seen the sloth — a slow-moving mammal — you won't be surprised that anyone slothful has a bad work ethic. When you're slothful, you don't feel like doing much of anything. Slothful people tend to sleep too much and lie around on the couch. Being slothful at work could get you fired, and slothful students won't do well at school. The furry kind of sloth is slow due to its nature, but a slothful person should get a move on!
WORD FAMILY
slothful: slothfully, slothfulness+/ sloth: slothful, sloths
USAGE EXAMPLES
Anyway, what Elliott has proposed is largely consistent with what Samsung said it would do, though it is doing so at a slothful pace.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 06, 2016)
The slothful, the sickly or the socially inept can now order groceries with their cellphones.
The Guardian(Sep 19, 2016)
Even his good friend, the notoriously slothful Adam Sandler, has stretched his ability on numerous occasions.
The Guardian(Sep 19, 2016)
Back: adj. 懒惰的，懒散的，不活跃的
分布：懒惰的(64%)，怠惰的(20%)，迟钝的(16%)
→sloth,懒惰，-ful,形容词后缀。
US ['sloʊθ-] literary
adjective
■lazy 懒惰的，懒散的
• slothful adolescents 懒散的青少年
adj. 怠惰的，懒惰的；迟钝的
 - slow, lazy

Word: simile
Front: simile
[ˈsɪməli] (宝 19562/21125)
Vocabulary: simile
(once / 2167 pages)
n
Use the noun simile when describing a comparison between two fundamentally different things, such as: "His voice was smooth, like butter in a warm pan."
A simile (pronounced SIM-uh-lee) is a comparison that usually uses the words "like" or "as": "Me without a mic is like a beat without a snare," rapped Lauryn Hill in the song "How Many Mics." The word comes from similus, a Latin word meaning "the same." A simile is different from a metaphor, in which the comparison is less explicit, as in Shakespeare's line "All the world's a stage."
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
metaphor / simile
Both make comparisons, but a metaphor compares one thing to another straight up, while a simile uses "like" or "as."
The word metaphor comes from the Greek metaphora "to transfer." With a metaphor, an idea is transferred from one word to another. It's implicit, like in this metaphor from Flannery O'Connor, "He had measured five feet four inches of pure gamecock." But don't mix them — mixed metaphors get confusing. Don't put all of your eggs in one doghouse. Wha? Here are some examples of the word itself:
Driving is such a metaphor, literally and figuratively, for freedom — as it is in the movie — so I'm amazed when some people never learn it. (Los Angeles Times)
Never mind what Lemmy said — with respect, 'Ace of Spades' can be viewed as a metaphor. (BBC)
Then it was all about finding the right analogy or metaphor for the way to tell an audience. (New York Times)
A simile is similar but it always uses "like" or "as." In fact, the word simile comes from the Latin for "a like thing." A simile's comparison is explicit. Just like that old joke from Fat Albert, "You're like school on Saturday: no class!" But seriously folks, here are some examples of the word in action:
Clouds roasted like marshmallows; everything — eventually — scorched beyond simile. (The New Yorker)
It's like McDonald's,' she said, pleased to have landed on a simile that an American reporter would surely appreciate. ( New York Times)
A metaphor is direct — Rudolpho is a cow! But a simile can soften the blow — Rudolpho is like a cow. Use them in descriptive writing or any time you're feeling sassy.
WORD FAMILY
simile: similes
USAGE EXAMPLES
He used similes and metaphors in a free-form, lyrical style.
Washington Times(Dec 17, 2016)
“With the Red River here, there’s a lot of pollution, and that simile of drugs polluting our bodies is the same way,” he said.
Washington Times(Dec 04, 2016)
Even at her most physically free, she is as immaterial as a simile, “like” the only thing she has ever thought herself to be.
The New Yorker(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: n. （使用like或as等词语的）明喻
分布：明喻(81%)，直喻(19%)
→来自拉丁语 simile,比较，类似，相似之物，来自 similis,相似的，词源同 similar.用于语言学 指明喻，直喻。
直喻,明喻[simil,simul,sembl=alike,same表示"相类似,一样"]
noun countable or uncountable
■(the use of) an expression comparing one thing with another, always including the words `as' or `like' 明喻（的运用）
• The lines 'She walks in beauty, like the night...' from Byron's poem contain a simile. 拜伦的诗句“她在美中徜徉，如同…的夜晚”中含有一个明喻。

Word: starchy
Front: starchy
[ˈstɑ:tʃi] (宝 22229/33244)
Back: adj. （食物）含大量淀粉的; 刻板的，拘谨的
分布：含淀粉的(91%)，古板的(9%)
→starch,淀粉，-y,形容词后缀。
【记】starch（n 淀粉；古板；生硬），star猩猩爱吃starch。
【参】star-crossed（adj 时运不济的；运气不好的）天上星星相撞。Stark（adj 刻板的）＝starchy
US ['stɑ:r-] adjective
FORMAL 正式的 informal disapproving
■behaving in a formal way and without humour 刻板的，拘谨的
• Science museums have tried to shake off their somewhat starchy image by mounting exhibitions designed to draw in the crowds. 为了摆脱其或多或少有点刻板的形象，科学博物馆试图透过举办展览，旨在吸引大众。
UK ['stɑ:.tʃi] US ['stɑ:r-] adjective
FOOD 食物
■containing a lot of starch 淀粉的
• starchy foods 含淀粉的食物
adj. 含淀粉的；浆糊状的；刻板的
 - farinaceous, striped-pants

Word: submissive
Front: submissive
[səbˈmɪsɪv] (托 17954/19364)
Vocabulary: submissive
(once / 1423 pages)
adj
When animals live in packs, one animal is usually the dominant leader, while the others fall into more submissive roles. To be submissive is to obey or yield to someone else.
When you are submissive, you submit to someone else's will, which literally, you put your own desires lower than theirs. You can see this in the Latin root of submit, submittere, which is formed by sub- "under" + mittere "send, put."
WORD FAMILY
submissive: submissively, submissiveness, unsubmissive+/resubmit: resubmits, resubmitted, resubmitting/ submission: submissions/ submit: resubmit, submission, submissive, submits, submitted, submitter, submitting/submitter: submitters
USAGE EXAMPLES
Leia, it’s worth remembering, murders Jabba by choking him with the very chains that were supposed to keep her submissive.
Time(Dec 27, 2016)
These women are not in any way submissive or passive.
The New Yorker(Dec 23, 2016)
“The Port Authority needs to work with the governors, but it should not be submissive to either one of them.”
New York Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 顺从的，唯命是从的; 柔顺; 帖; 贴
分布：顺从的(68%)，服从的(32%)
→submission,屈服，投降，-ive,形容词后缀。
恭顺的(sub+miss给→ive→在下面给→恭顺的)[sub-①表示"在下面,次一等,副手"②表示"接近,靠近"]
服从的(sub+miss+ive)[Miss,mit=send,cast,表示"送,放出"]
【反】recalcitrant（adj 反抗的）
adjective
■describes someone who allows themselves to be controlled by other people 顺从的，温顺的，听话的
• He was looking for a quiet submissive wife who would obey his every word. 他想找一个温顺娴静的妻子，对他百依百顺。
adj. 顺从的；服从的；柔顺的
 - followed, subject, compliant, obedient

Word: subservience
Front: subservience
[səb'sɜ:vɪəns] (26087/21367)
Vocabulary: subservience
(once / 10629 pages)
n
Something that serves a purpose for someone or something else demonstrates subservience.
Something that's a means to an end has subservience, like a character whose introduction has subservience to the book's plot. You can also use the word subservience to describe submissive or servile behavior, like the subservience of an obedient dog who always fetches your slippers. The word originally meant simply "usefulness," and it came from the Latin root word subservientem, "assist, or lend support."
WORD FAMILY
subservience: subserviences+/subserve: subserved, subserves, subservience, subservient, subserving/ subservient: subserviently, subservientness
USAGE EXAMPLES
He also sounded a note of humility and subservience.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
As the Supreme Court recognized decades ago, that creates a relationship of “here and now subservience” between each of those officers and the president.
Washington Post(Nov 27, 2016)
Eventually, the character became a byword among blacks for subservience to whites.
Washington Times(Oct 23, 2016)
Back: n. 有利，有益; 从属（地位），附属性; 屈从，恭顺; 媚态
分布：奉承(55%)，从属(30%)，有用(15%)
【记】sub下面，servience＝serve服务－在下面服务－辅助，奉承
【参】subservient（adj 恭顺的；有用的）
n. 有益；奉承，谄媚；从属性
 - court, helpfulness

Word: teetotal
Front: teetotal
[ˌti:ˈtəʊtl] (宝 -/25302)
Back: adj. 完全戒酒的; 主张完全戒酒的; <口>彻底的; 完全的
分布：滴酒不沾的(49%)，完全的(34%)，绝对禁酒的(17%)
→tee-,来自 total 的首字母音，据说是来自某结巴说话不清楚的笑话，或为表强调，total,整个的， 完全的。用以指滴酒不沾的人。
US [-'toʊ.tˌəl] adjective
■never drinking alcohol or opposed to the drinking of alcohol 绝对戒酒的；反对喝酒的
adj. 完全的，绝对的；绝对戒酒的；滴酒不沾的
 - absolute, strict, full, complete, total

Word: sunspot
Front: sunspot
[ˈsʌnspɒt] (19264/29879)
Back: n. 太阳黑子; 雀斑
分布：黑子(98%)，太阳的黑点(2%)
→sun,太阳，spot,斑点。比喻用法。
US [-spɑ:t] noun countable
■a dark spot on the surface of the sun which appears for a few days or weeks and then disappears 太阳黑子
n. [天] 太阳黑子；雀斑
 - macula, ephelis

Word: suction
Front: suction
[ˈsʌkʃn] (15326/19886)
Back: n. 吸; 抽吸; 吸出; 相吸
v. 抽吸; 吸出
时态：suctioned, suctioning, suctions
分布：吸(81%)，抽吸(9%)，吸入(8%)，吸出(1%)，吸水管(1%)
→来自拉丁语 sugere,吮吸，吸食，词源同 suck.-ct,过去分词格，-ion,名词后缀。引申词义抽吸， 吸出。
noun uncountable
■when air is removed from a space resulting in a lower pressure in that space, either causing liquid, gases or other substances to enter, or causing two surfaces to stick together 吸，抽吸
• a suction pump 抽水机；汲水唧筒
n. 吸；吸力； [临床] 抽吸
 - pumping

Word: tinkle
Front: tinkle
[ˈtɪŋkl] (24868/24003)
Back: vt. & vi. （使）发出丁当声，（使）发铃铃声
vt. 叮当响着发出，铃铃响着报出
n. 丁当声，铃铃声; <英><口>一次电话
时态：tinkled, tinkling, tinkles
分布：叮当声(85%)，清脆的金属音(15%)
noun
SOUND 声音
only singular
■a light ringing sound 丁零声；叮咚声
• In the distance we heard the silvery tinkle of a stream. 我们在远处就听到了小溪清脆的流水声。
['tɪŋ.kl] noun
TELEPHONE CALL 来电
give sb a tinkle old-fashioned informal
■to make a telephone call to someone 给（某人）打电话
• I'll give you a tinkle some time next week. 我会在下星期的某个时候给你打电话。
['tɪŋ.kl] noun
TOILET 厕所
countable informal or child's word
■an act of urination 撒尿
['tɪŋ.kl] verb intransitive
SOUND 声音
■to make a light ringing sound 发出丁零（或叮咚）声
• Some small old-fashioned shops still have a bell which tinkles when you push the door open. 一些老式的小店还装有一种铃，当你推门时它会发出丁零声。
['tɪŋ.kl] verb intransitive
TOILET 厕所 informal or child's word
■to urinate 撒尿
vi. 发叮当声
 - clank
n. 叮当声
 - clonk, tintinnabulation

Word: transpacific

Word: toxicology
Front: toxicology
[ˌtɒksɪˈkɒlədʒi] (19285/40099)
Vocabulary: toxicology
(once / 19408 pages)
n
Toxicology is the field that studies poisons, especially how poisons work and how to treat them. If you’re writing a true crime story, you should study toxicology to know what happens when the villain poisons the victim’s tea. Mwah ha ha.
Have you ever seen a label that said "toxic"? That means that substance will harm you. Toxicology — which is a branch of pharmacology — has to do with toxic substances (poisons). It comes from the Greek word for “arrow poison.” Not all poisons come at the end of an arrow, though. If a toxicology report is done on a dead person, it will reveal if they had any dangerous substances in them, such as illegal drugs or drain cleaner.
WORD FAMILY
toxicology: toxicological, toxicologist+/toxicologist: toxicologists
USAGE EXAMPLES
Police say a final autopsy report and toxicology results are pending.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
A toxicology report found that at the time of the killings, DeMeerleer was off his medications.
Seattle Times(Dec 24, 2016)
The results of an initial toxicology exam failed to find the presence of any narcotics in Mr. Schwab’s blood, his lawyer said.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. 毒理学，毒物学
分布：毒物学(100%)
→toxic-,有毒的，与毒相关的，-logy,学说。
毒物学(toxic+o+logy学科)[tox=poison表示"毒"]
US [ˌtɑ:k.sɪ'kɑ:.lə-] noun uncountable
■the scientific study of the characteristics and effects of poisons 毒理学，毒物学

Word: traceable
Front: traceable
[ˈtreɪsəbl] (宝 21887/21849)
Vocabulary: traceable
(once / 3582 pages)
adj
If something is traceable, it can be tracked or detected — like an email address or evidence of a crime.
The word traceable is just the adjective form of the common verb trace, meaning “to find.” So if you describe something as traceable, that just means that it can be detected. A poison that can be discovered in the body of a murder victim, for example, is a traceable poison. The word can also be used in the sense of something that can be tracked, such as a suspicious money transaction that’s traceable to your bank account. If something is traceable, it has left you a trail to follow it.
WORD FAMILY
traceable: traceably, untraceable+/ retrace: retraced, retraces, retracing/ trace: retrace, traceable, traced, tracer, traces, tracing/tracer: tracers/tracing: tracings/untraceable: untraceably
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Everything is traceable back to the Second World War,” he said.
The New Yorker(Nov 20, 2016)
I'll always expect more of the same but now it's traceable.
New York Times(Oct 28, 2016)
But challenges, and the songs that score them, add a connective, traceable nervous system to the writhing mass of grainy video loops.
The New Yorker(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 可追踪的，起源于
分布：可追踪的(58%)，起源于(42%)
→来自 trace,追踪，-able,形容词后缀。
【记】trace（n 痕迹；v 追踪），able
【参】track（n 轨迹；跟踪；v 追踪）
adjective
■possible to trace 可追踪的；可查出的
• In theory, most telephone calls should be traceable. 理论上，大多数电话应该是可以查出来源的。
• His medical problems were shown to be traceable to (= to have been caused by) his having been exposed to dangerous chemicals. 有迹象显示，他的健康问题是由于他接触危险化学品引起的。

Word: tragi

Word: transponder
Front: transponder
[trænsˈpɒndə(r)] (23678/45367)
Back: n. 发射机应答器，询问机，转发器
分布：异频雷达收发机(100%)
→合成自 transmit,发射，respond,应答。
US [-'spɑ:n.dɚ] specialized
noun countable
■an electronic device that gives out a radio signal when it receives a similar signal telling it to （发射机）应答器，转发器
• Aircraft are required by law to carry transponders, so that they can be identified. 按照法律规定，飞机必须携带应答器以便识别。
n. 异频雷达收发机； [通信] 转调器，变换器
 - tra verter, umformer

Word: tweeter
Front: tweeter
[ˈtwi:tə(r)] (38057/-)
Back: n. 高音用扩音器
分布：小型高频扬声器(100%)

Word: unadulterated
Front: unadulterated
[ˌʌnəˈdʌltəreɪtɪd] (24509/22369)
Vocabulary: unadulterated
(once / 10225 pages)
adj
Something that's pure, not mixed with other ingredients, is unadulterated. If you stand in your yard every time it rains singing "Singin' in the Rain" with unadulterated enthusiasm, your neighbors will eventually call the police.
Food or drink that is pure is also said to be unadulterated. Some people like chocolate milk, but you might prefer the unadulterated variety. The adjective unadulterated also means "without qualifications," and it can be used in a negative way to mean "complete and utter." You'd probably feel like an unadulterated idiot if you shocked yourself by sticking a knife in the toaster after being advised not to.
WORD FAMILY
adulterated: unadulterated +/ adulterate: adulterated, adulterates, adulterating, adulteration, adulterator/adulteration: adulterations/adulterator: adulterators
USAGE EXAMPLES
To so many people who have become disenchanted with contemporary American politics, Trump is the embodiment of a breath of fresh, clean, unadulterated oxygen.
Seattle Times(Nov 12, 2016)
Unadulterated female success and power, on the level Clinton has experienced, is simply not in our shared playbook.
The Guardian(Nov 06, 2016)
In the age of hyper-connectivity, transparency has been equated with unadulterated good.
Time(Nov 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 没有搀杂的; 纯粹的
分布：纯粹的(61%)，完全的(21%)，无搀杂的(18%)
US [-ə.reɪ.tˌɪd] adjective
■not spoilt or made weaker by the addition of other substances; pure 不掺杂质的，纯的
• People injecting drugs can never be sure that they're using unadulterated substances. 注射毒品的人永远无法确定他们用的是否为纯品。
[before noun]
■complete 完全的，彻底的
• I've never heard such unadulterated nonsense in my life! 我这辈子从来没听过这种彻头彻尾的胡扯！
adj. 纯粹的；完全的；无搀杂的
 - pure, whole, complete, absolute, full

Word: trumpeter
Front: trumpeter
[ˈtrʌmpɪtə(r)] (托 19636/34464)
Back: n. 号手，号兵; 小号吹奏者; 吹鼓手
分布：小号手(64%)，号兵(29%)，鹤形鸟(7%)
noun countable
■a musician who plays a trumpet 小号手
• a jazz trumpeter 爵士乐小号手

Word: ulm

Word: trill
Front: trill
[trɪl] (23431/26634)
Vocabulary: trill
(once / 3943 pages)
nv
If you're fluent in Spanish, you are probably able to speak with a trill, or a fluttering r sound.
Many languages include a trill in their pronunciation, the sound of a consonant spoken while the tongue vibrates in a very specific way against the teeth or roof of the mouth. To pronounce this sound is also to trill. The word originally referred to a vibrating or warbling sound made by a singer, from the Italian word trillio, "a quavering or warbling," and it's also often used to describe the sound a bird makes.
WORD FAMILY
trill: trilled, trills
USAGE EXAMPLES
Deep coos of mourning doves, soprano trills of mockingbirds, rat-a-tat-tats of a woodpecker greet him.
Washington Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Women trilled to celebrate the moment when a new crucifix was erected on the church, replacing one that was broken by the Islamic State militants.
Reuters(Nov 20, 2016)
Some bats show babbling behaviour, including barks, chatter, screeches, whistles and trills, says Mirjam Knörnschild, a behavioural ecologist at Free University Berlin, Germany.
Nature(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: n. 颤声，抖音，啭声
v. 用抖动的声音说，用卷舌发音，发出抖动的声音
时态：trilled, trilling, trills
分布：颤音(74%)，啭声(9%)，颤声(9%)，发某字母的颤音(4%)，用颤声发声(4%)
verb intransitive
■When birds trill, they sing a series of quickly repeated high notes. （鸟）啭鸣
■literary
■to speak in a very high voice 高声说话
• [+ speech] "Tea is ready," trilled Daphne. “茶水好了。”达夫妮高声叫道。
[trɪl] noun countable
MUSIC 音乐效果 specialized
■(the effect achieved by) the fast playing of a note and the note above or below it, one after the other 颤动；颤音
[trɪl] noun countable
BIRD 鸟
■a series of quickly repeated high notes sung by a bird （鸟）啭鸣
• We heard the familiar trill of the lark. 我们听到了云雀那熟悉的啭鸣。
n. [声] 颤音；啭声；颤声
 - vibrato, tremolo

Word: unforced
Front: unforced
[ʌnˈfɔ:st] (32914/40557)
Back: adj. 非被强迫的; 自然的; 不勉强的; 不费力的
分布：自然的(67%)，非受迫性的(33%)
adj. 自然的；不勉强的
 - natural, spontaneous

Word: unmentioned
Front: unmentioned
[ʌn'menʃənd] (30425/37079)
Back: adj. 未提及的，未说起的
分布：未说起的(67%)，未提及的(33%)

Word: uncommonly
Front: uncommonly
[ʌnˈkɒmənli] (20897/22144)
Back: adv. 极其，不寻常地，罕见地
分布：非常)(50%)，稀罕(极(50%)
US [-'kɑ:.mən-] old-fashioned formal
adverb
■extremely 极其；极端地；异常地
• She was uncommonly brave too. 她也异常勇敢。
adv. 罕见地；很；极其
 - greatly, quite, badly, extremely, too

Word: undergrowth
Front: undergrowth
[ˈʌndəgrəʊθ] (19344/10263 -1)
Vocabulary: undergrowth
(once / 2277 pages)
n
The plants that grow on a forest floor, including shrubs and small trees, are called undergrowth. If you leave a marked hiking trail in the woods, you might have a hard time getting through the undergrowth.
You won't find a lot of undergrowth in a North American forest in the winter — most ferns and other plants die back, and many shrubs and trees lose their leaves. In the summertime, however, undergrowth can be thick and dense under the taller, older trees. This noun dates from the 1600s, a combination of under, "beneath or below," and growth, "something that has grown."
WORD FAMILY
undergrowth: undergrowths+/grow: grew, grower, growing, grows, growth, overgrow, regrow, undergrow/grower: growers/growing: growingly, growings, ingrowing/ growth: growths, ingrowth, overgrowth, undergrowth /ingrowth: ingrowths/overgrow: overgrew, overgrowed, overgrowing, overgrows/overgrowth: overgrowths/ regrow: regrowing, regrows/undergrow: undergrowed
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was called off after dark and resumed the next morning, when Margaret's naked body was found in heavy undergrowth.
BBC(Dec 17, 2016)
Volunteers monitoring nests near Lovers Beach on Nevis had found the green sea turtle hatchlings in undergrowth.
BBC(Nov 23, 2016)
Leaves, fallen branches and dried undergrowth have turned the forest floors into tinderboxes.
Washington Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 矮树丛，灌木丛; （动物）浓密绒毛; 发育不全
分布：矮树丛(87%)，细绒毛(13%)
US [-dɚ.groʊθ] noun uncountable
■a mass of bushes, small trees and plants growing under the trees of a wood or forest 林下灌丛；林下植物
• Police discovered the body hidden in thick undergrowth. 员警发现尸体被藏在一处浓密的灌木丛中。
n. 发育不全；生长在大树下的灌木；动物身上长在长毛下面的浓密绒毛
 - aplasia, atelia

Word: unreality
Front: unreality
[ˌʌnrɪ'ælətɪ] (24037/19837)
Back: n. 非现实，不存在之物
分布：不真实(62%)，虚幻(38%)
n. 不真实；非现实
 - inauthenticity, unveracity

Word: unverifiable
Front: unverifiable
[ʌn'verɪfaɪəbl] (36043/-)
Back: adj. 无法证实的，无法核实的

Word: unsurpassed
Front: unsurpassed
[ˌʌnsəˈpɑ:st] (25304/22746)
Back: adj. 未被凌驾的，非常卓越的; 绝伦
分布：非常卓越的(50%)，未被超越的(50%)
US [-sɚ'pæst] adjective
■better than anyone or anything else 卓越的；不可超越的
• His knowledge of the subject is unsurpassed. 他对这一学科的认识是无人能及的。

Word: variegated
Front: variegated
[ˈveəriəgeɪtɪd] (18677/20441 -1)
Vocabulary: variegated
(once / 2782 pages)
adj
Something variegated has many different colors, as in the trees of autumn or the feathers of a peacock. Whenever you see "vari" at the beginning of a word, you know that the idea of difference or change is involved.
Using vari is a good way to start thinking about this word. It's the same root as in various, variable, varied, and variety. All these words mean something similar: lots of different versions of something. The scales of a fish can appear quite variegated from one angle and then strangely uniform from another. A tiger's variegated coat helps it stay hidden.
WORD FAMILY
variegate: variegated, variegates, variegating, variegation+/variegation: variegations
USAGE EXAMPLES
The nature of belief is far too variegated for that.
Time(Dec 22, 2016)
The flowers include red amaryllis, variegated spider amaryllis, burgundy and red roses, red lilies and gloriosa lilies.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
John le Carré gives a virtuoso reading of his own memoir, a compilation of episodes from a variegated life.
Washington Post(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 杂色的; 斑驳的; 变化多端的
vt. 使成杂色(variegate的过去式和过去分词)
分布：杂色的(42%)，斑驳的(29%)，形形色色的(22%)，动词variegate的过去式和过去分词形式.(7%)
→var-,改变，多变，词源同vary,-eg,做，词源同agent.引申词义多样的，斑驳的。
US ['ver.i.ə.geɪ.tˌɪd] adjective
■having a pattern of different colours or marks 色彩斑驳的；有斑点的
• variegated leaves 斑叶
• a variegated plant 色彩斑驳的植物
adj. [生物] 杂色的；斑驳的；富于变化的
 - shot, party-coloured

Word: villainy
Front: villainy
[ˈvɪləni] (30981/33549)
Vocabulary: villainy
(once / 2664 pages)
n
Villainy is a characteristic of being evil or wicked. A movie character's villainy is what makes him the bad guy, the one the audience roots against.
You might be surprised to learn of your next door neighbor's villainy — if, say, he turned out to be a bank robber. In comic books, superheroes fight against villainy, battling the villains. Villainy, in fact, comes from villain, rooted in the Medieval Latin villanus, "farmhand." A villain was once a "peasant," then a "boor" or "clown," and finally a "scoundrel."
WORD FAMILY
villainy: villainies
USAGE EXAMPLES
The winner of this battle will determine whether the Trump name forever becomes synonymous with climate heroism or villainy.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
"Some consumers were buying Trump items as they associated him with villainy, others as he was perceived as a hero," she says.
BBC(Nov 16, 2016)
If she decided one day that she would like to try out villainy, we would all be in a lot of trouble.
New York Times(Nov 05, 2016)
Back: n. <正>邪恶行为，恶行，罪恶
分布：恶行(40%)，坏事(35%)，罪恶(25%)
n. 邪恶；恶行；坏事；罪恶
 - crime, evil, sin, bad, wrong

Word: vituperative
Front: vituperative
[vɪ'tju:pərətɪv] (宝 33745/36393)
Vocabulary: vituperative
(once / 21335 pages)
adj
Use the adjective vituperative to describe criticism that's so sharp it hurts. A vituperative review of a movie would make the director bitter for months.
To correctly pronounce vituperative, remember that the first vowel sound is the long i sound, and the second syllable is accented: "vie-TOO-per-uh-tive." Being vituperative takes criticism to the next level. Vituperative criticism is harsh, scathing, even abusive. If a review or assessment is vituperative, it doesn't say "try harder next time." Instead it gives the sense of "go away and never come back."
WORD FAMILY
vituperative: vituperatively+/ vituperate: vituperated, vituperates, vituperating, vituperation, vituperative / vituperation: vituperations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Trump, needless to say, has been the most vituperative.
The Guardian(Oct 30, 2016)
And vituperative local politics that have turned the focus more on what the town should not be doing than what it might.
Seattle Times(Sep 29, 2016)
The sniping on the neighborhood’s Yahoo email group has turned vituperative enough many commenters enter the fray girded for battle.
Washington Post(Sep 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 充满辱骂的，责骂的
分布：责骂的(58%)，辱骂的(42%)
【反】complimentary（adj 称赞的）；adulatory（adj 奉承的）
US [-'tu:.pə.reɪ.tˌɪv] formal
adjective
■A vituperative spoken or written attack is full of angry criticism 辱骂的；谩骂的
• Miss Snowden yesterday launched a vituperative attack on her ex-boss and former lover. 斯诺登小姐昨天对她的前老板兼前情人破口大骂。
adj. 责骂的
 - scolding

Word: waspish
Front: waspish
[ˈwɒspɪʃ] (宝 43867/37721)
Back: adj. 黄蜂的; 腰细的; 脾气暴躁的; 坏心肠的
分布：易怒的(50%)，尖刻的(50%)
【记】源于：peevish（adj 易怒的）
US ['wɑ:.spɪʃ] disapproving
adjective
■likely to make sharp, slightly cruel remarks; having a slightly angry and unpleasant manner 尖刻的，刻毒的；暴躁的，易怒的
• She had a waspish tongue which could hurt. 她说话尖刻，容易伤人。
adj. 尖刻的；易怒的；如黄蜂的；腰细的
 - bitter, passionate

Word: watchtower
Front: watchtower
[ˈwɒtʃtaʊə(r)] (25527/35475)
Back: n. 瞭望塔，岗楼
分布：名词(100%)
US ['wɑ:tʃˌtaʊr] noun countable
■a tower built especially around the edges of prisons and army camps , the top of which provides a good position from which to see anyone who is coming close 瞭望塔，岗楼

Word: venereal
Front: venereal
[vəˈnɪəriəl] (23281/22072)
Back: adj. 性欲的，性交的; 性病的
分布：性病的(56%)，性交的(33%)，因性交而传染的(11%)
→缩写自venereal disease,来自拉丁语venus,美丽，爱慕，渴求，词源同Venus,引申词义性爱的。
US [-'nɪr.i-] adjective
■caused or spread by sexual activity with another person 由性交传染的；性病的
• a venereal infection 性交感染
adj. 性病的；性交的；由性交传染的
 - coital

Word: whiteboard
Front: whiteboard
[ˈwaɪtbɔ:d] (29163/-)
Back: n. 白色书写板
分布：白色书写板(100%)
US [-bɔ:rd] noun countable
■a board with a smooth, white surface, often fixed to a wall, on which you can write and draw using special pens 白色书写板
■a piece of electronic equipment in the shape of a flat, white board which is connected to a computer and which you can write on using a special pen that also controls the computer 手写板（与电脑相连的电子设备）
• an interactive whiteboard 互动式白板

Word: yellowcake
Front: yellowcake
['jeləʊˌkeɪk] (41750/-)
Back: n. 黄饼（核反应燃料重铀酸铵或重铀酸钠的俗称）

Word: wellhead
Front: wellhead
['welhed] (26624/-)
Back: n. 水源，泉源
分布：井口(79%)，水源(15%)，泉源(6%)
n. 泉源；水源
 - source, fountainhead

Word: wrapper
Front: wrapper
[ˈræpə(r)] (10686/14995)
Back: n. 包装纸; 封皮; 封套; （食品等的）包装材料
分布：包装用品(100%)
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a piece of paper, plastic or other material which covers and protects something 包装材料；包装纸
• a UKsweet/ UScandy wrapper 糖果包装纸
US for * wrap (= loose piece of clothing)
n. [包装] 包装材料；包装纸；书皮
 - packages material, packing material

Word: whiteness
Front: whiteness
[waɪtnəs] (12736/15637)
Back: n. 白，洁白; 苍白; 清白，纯洁; 白色物质
分布：白(89%)，洁白(9%)，苍白(2%)
COLOUR
白色;白
Something that is white is the colour of snow or milk.
例：He had nice square white teeth...他的牙齿洁白而整齐，十分好看。
例：Issa's white beach hat gleamed in the harsh lights...伊萨的白色沙滩帽在刺眼的阳光下闪闪发亮。
ADJ
白种人的;白肤色的
A white person has a pale skin and belongs to a race which is of European origin.
例：Working with white people hasn't been a problem for me or for them...和白人共事对我、对他们来说都不是个问题。
例：He was white, with brown shoulder-length hair and a moustache.他是个白人，留着棕色的齐肩发并蓄着小胡子。
ADJ-GRADED
(因情绪变化或生病等)脸色苍白的
If someone goes white, the skin on their face becomes very pale, for example because of fear, shock, anger, or illness.
例：Richard had gone very white, but he stood his ground...理查德脸都白了，但还是坚持自己的立场。
例：He turned white and began to stammer...他脸色发白，说话开始结巴。
ADJ
(葡萄酒)白的，淡黄色的
White wine is pale yellow in colour.
例：Gregory poured another glass of white wine and went back to his bedroom.格雷戈里又倒了一杯白葡萄酒后回到了卧室。
ADJ
(咖啡)加牛奶(或奶油)的
White coffee has had milk or cream added to it.
例：Wayne has a large white coffee in front of him.韦恩面前摆着一大杯加了牛奶的咖啡。
ADJ
(血细胞)白的
White blood cells are the cells in your blood which your body uses to fight infection.
ADJ
(魔法)善意的
People who believe in white magic believe it is possible to use magic to do good things.
例：...practitioners of white magic...施善意法术的人
例：They claim to be white witches.她们自称是善良的女巫。
N-VAR
蛋白;蛋清
The white of an egg is the transparent liquid that surrounds the yellow part called the yolk.
N-COUNT
眼白
The white of someone's eye is the white part that surrounds the coloured part called the iris.
N-PLURAL
白色的运动服
Whites are white clothes that you wear for playing some sports, for example tennis or cricket.
例：There was a Frenchman sitting at the next table, immaculate in tennis whites.邻桌坐着位法国人，穿着非常整洁的白色网球服。
n. 白，洁白，苍白； [矿业] 白度
 - blanc, cleanness

Word: xhosa

Word: additionally
Front: additionally
[ə'dɪʃənəlɪ] (5948/8030 -1)
Back: adv. 此外
分布：此外(50%)，另外(25%)，同时(25%)
ADV
此外；另外
You use additionally to introduce something extra such as an extra fact or reason.
例：You can pay bills over the Internet. Additionally, you can check your balance or order statements...可以在网上支付账单。此外，还能查对余额或订货结算单。
例：The maintenance programme will additionally seek to keep the sites free of graffiti.这个维护方案还会试图保护这些地点不被涂鸦。
ADV
额外地；分外地；更加
Additionally is used to say that something happens to a greater extent than before.
例：The birds are additionally protected in the reserves at Birsay...鸟类在伯赛的保护区尤其受到保护。
例：He will sign a personal guarantee to additionally secure the loan.他将签订一个个人担保，以此为贷款多加一层保障。
adv. 此外；又，加之
 - again, moreover, besides, then, both

Word: academe
Front: academe
['ækədi:m] (21378/34103)
Vocabulary: academe
(once / 26985 pages)
n
Use the noun academe when you're talking about a college or university community. The world of academe can be a little intimidating when you're a freshman.
Academe is the community and scholarly environment within an institution of higher education, and it's more often called "academia." Professors, graduate students, researchers, and undergraduates all contribute to the environment of academe, and if you plan on teaching at a university some day, you hope to enter academe. The earliest meaning, from the Greek word Akademeia, was simply "The Academy."
WORD FAMILY
academe: academes
USAGE EXAMPLES
Probably no more than at other corners of academe.
New York Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Members of both groups believe that they’re on the progressive flank of academe.
The New Yorker(Sep 01, 2016)
The clearest exception to this demographic homogeneity occurs in academe.
Seattle Times(Aug 29, 2016)
Back: n. 研究院; 学会; 学术界; 学院
分布：学术界(71%)，研究院(15%)，学院(7%)，学会(5%)，学究(2%)
['æk.ə.di:m] formal
noun uncountable
■the part of society, especially universities, that is connected with study and thinking （尤指大学）学术界
n. 研究院；学院；学会（等于academy）
 - college, school

Word: accoutrements
Front: accoutrements
[əˈku:trəmənts] None
Back: n. 设备; （个人的全套）衣服; （个人佩带的）饰品; 常规; 穿着，配备( accoutrement的名词复数 )
分布：名词(100%)
US [ə'ku:.tˌɚ-] plural noun formal
■the equipment needed for a particular activity or way of life （某种活动或生活方式所需的）装备，配备
n. 军人的配备；服装
 - clothing, wear, garment

Word: yolk
Front: yolk
[jəʊk] (六托 11348/16147 -1)
Vocabulary: yolk
(once / 1398 pages)
n
A yolk is the inner, yellow part of an egg. If you order eggs "sunny side up," those "suns" are the egg yolks.
When a bird lays an egg that's fertilized and begins to grow into a baby bird, the yolk is the substance that nourishes the bird embryo. The eggs we eat have yolks too, but since they are unfertilized, these protein-rich yolks can be beaten into omelettes or mixed into cake batter. The Old English root of yolk, geolca, literally means "the yellow part."
WORD FAMILY
yolk: yolks
USAGE EXAMPLES
Place the skillet in the oven and bake until the yolks are just set, about 8 minutes.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Whisk the yolks by hand until they are well blended.
Washington Post(Dec 09, 2016)
She explains that the cooked yolks prevent the gluten in the flour from becoming overdeveloped and thus produce a “meltingly tender” dough.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: n. 蛋黄; 卵黄; 羊毛油脂; 胚乳
分布：蛋黄(100%)
→词源同yellow,用以指蛋黄，比较albumen.
US [joʊk] noun countable or uncountable
■the yellow, middle part of an egg 蛋黄
• I like eggs lightly cooked so that the yolk is still runny. 我喜欢煮得嫩些的鸡蛋，这样蛋黄还是溏心的。
• Separate the yolks from the whites. 将蛋黄从蛋白中分离出来。
n. 蛋黄； [胚] 卵黄； [纺] 羊毛脂
 - vitellus, yelk

Word: alimony
Front: alimony
[ˈælɪməni] (20192/37537)
Vocabulary: alimony
(once / 11939 pages)
n
When a couple gets divorced, the court might order the one spouse to pay alimony to the other, which is like an allowance for basic expenses like food and shelter.
Although these days we only use the word alimony when we talk about divorce, it comes from a Latin word alere, meaning to nourish. Traditionally it was the husband’s job to take care of his wife’s nourishment, and women raising children needed alimony payments to live on after a divorce or separation. Nowadays it might be the dad staying at home, and the working wife who pays alimony after a divorce.
WORD FAMILY
alimony: alimonies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Instead, Walthall used the money to pay his son's film school tuition, buy a hyperbaric oxygen chamber and pay alimony to his ex-wife, prosecutors said.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 02, 2016)
They were upset about alimony that Taneja still had to pay to his ex-wife.
Washington Post(Nov 10, 2016)
Women who are not granted divorces are often forced to relinquish their child custody rights or alimony payments to convince husbands to accede.
Seattle Times(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: n. （离婚或分居后在诉讼期间男方给女方的）赡养费，生活费
分布：名词(100%)
【记】ali＝I like＋money或读：爱怜money。与一个爱财的女人结婚是很痛苦而且危险的，这种女人经常主动提出离婚，要分你的一半家产，并且要求你提供离婚赡养费。
US [-moʊ-] noun uncountable
■a regular amount of money that a court of law orders a person, usually a man, to pay to their partner after a divorce (= legal ending of a marriage) （离婚后法院判决一方支付给另一方的）赡养费，生活费
n. [法] 赡养费；生活费
 - keep, palimony

Word: admissibility
Front: admissibility
[ədˌmɪsə'bɪlətɪ] (29767/26130)
Back: n. 可容许，有入场的资格; 可允许性; 可容许性
分布：可容许(58%)，有入场的资格(42%)

Word: agnes
Front: agnes
[ˈæɡnis] (-/6292)
Back: n. 艾格尼丝（女子名）

Word: afoul
Front: afoul
[əˈfaʊl] None
Vocabulary: afoul
(once / 13003 pages)
adj
If something goes afoul, it goes badly wrong. When a prank falls afoul of the law, it crosses the line from just a joke to something much more serious.
Use the adjective afoul to describe things that conflict or clash. If a politician goes afoul of the rules about using taxpayer money for person items, she's bound to pay for it in votes. Likewise, a party guest might accidentally go afoul of the etiquette about how much candy to grab from a fallen piñata. The original nineteenth century meaning of afoul was nautical, describing tangled ropes or lines on a ship.
WORD FAMILY
afoul
USAGE EXAMPLES
Trump also reported using foundation money to buy items for himself, which runs afoul of federal tax law.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
Uber was warned in advance that it may run afoul of state regulations.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 18, 2016)
Unfortunately the bill runs afoul of the First Amendment.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: adv. & adj. 冲撞着（的），纠缠着（的）
adv. （与法律、规章等）相抵触、有冲突; （船）与…相撞
分布：相冲突地(50%)，相冲突的(50%)
→来自短语on foul. foul,犯规，发臭。
adverb
run/fall afoul of sth/sb
■to experience problems, punishment or harm because you do not obey a rule or disagree with a powerful organization, group or person 与…相冲突；与…抵触
• He was fifteen when he first ran afoul of the law. 他在15岁时第一次触犯法律。
• At one point Seeger fell afoul of the US government for his antiwar actions. 西格一度因他的反战行动触怒了美国政府。
adj. 纠缠的，冲撞的
 - tangled, matted

Word: aerobics
Front: aerobics
[eəˈrəʊbɪks] (12223/23211 -1)
Vocabulary: aerobics
(once / 39008 pages)
n
Aerobics is a type of exercise that works the heart and lungs, leaving you breathing hard. When you do aerobics, you work up a sweat.
Aerobics is a kind of workout that makes you breathe faster and gets your heart pounding, like jogging or biking uphill. When people talk about aerobics, they sometimes mean a specific exercise program that's often done in groups, accompanied by loud music. This kind of aerobics has been around since the 1960s, combining vigorous movements, stretching, and strength training. Aerobics comes from aerobic, originally "living only in the presence of oxygen," with the Greek roots aero, "air," and bios, "life."
WORD FAMILY
aerobic: aerobically, aerobics
USAGE EXAMPLES
The reduced risk for cardiovascular death was 36 percent for aerobics, 41 percent for swimming and 56 percent for racket sports.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
Call this sort of game playing mental aerobics.
Time(Nov 10, 2016)
Her first class was “aerobics for the brain.”
Washington Post(Nov 07, 2016)
Back: n. 有氧健身法; 有氧健身计划; 耗氧健身运动
分布：健美操(54%)，有氧运动(46%)
US [er'oʊ-] noun uncountable
■energetic physical exercises, often performed with a group of people to music, which make the heart, lungs and muscles stronger and increase the amount of oxygen in the blood 有氧健身法；有氧运动
• She does aerobics. 她做有氧健身操。
• I go to aerobics (= to a class where we are taught such exercises) once a week. 我每周去一次有氧健身操训练班。
• an aerobics instructor/teacher 有氧健身操教练／导师

Word: alertness
Front: alertness
[ə'lɜ:tnəs] (18261/19835)
Back: n. 警戒，机敏; 戒心
分布：机敏(63%)，警戒(37%)
ADJ-GRADED
警觉的；警惕的；留神的；机敏的
If you are alert, you are paying full attention to things around you and are able to deal with anything that might happen.
例：We all have to stay alert...我们大家都必须保持警惕。
例：He had been spotted by an alert neighbour.一个警觉的邻居发现了他。
ADJ-GRADED
充分意识到…的;完全感觉到…的
If you are alert to something, you are fully aware of it.
例：The bank is alert to the danger.银行充分意识到了危险。
N-COUNT
警戒（状态）；戒备（状态）
An alert is a situation in which people prepare themselves for something dangerous that might happen soon.
例：Due to a security alert, this train will not be stopping at Oxford Circus.由于安全戒备的原因，该次列车在“牛津街口广场”站将不停留。
VERB
向…报警；使警觉；使警惕；使注意
If you alert someone to a situation, especially a dangerous or unpleasant situation, you tell them about it.
例：He wanted to alert people to the activities of the group...他想提醒人们小心该团体的活动。
例：I was hoping he'd alert the police.我当时希望他会报警。
PHRASE
处于警戒状态;保持戒备
If soldiers or police are on alert, they are ready to deal with anything that may happen.
例：Soldiers and police have been put on alert.士兵和警方都已进入警戒状态。
PHRASE
准备就绪；防备着
If you are on the alert for something, you are ready to deal with it if it happens.
例：They want to be on the alert for similar buying opportunities.他们希望随时掌握有关类似购买机会的信息。
n. 警戒；机敏
 - guard, vigilance

Word: anaesthesia
Front: anaesthesia
[ˌænəsˈθi:ziə] (32031/17266)
Back: n. 感觉缺失，麻木; 麻醉
分布：麻木(85%)，=anesthesia.(15%)
(mainly US anesthesia) [ˌæn.əs'θi:.zi.ə] /-ʒə] noun uncountable
■a state in which someone does not feel pain, usually because of drugs they have been given （通常指被施用药物后的）麻醉状态
specialized
■the quality of being unable to feel heat, cold, pain, touch, etc. 感觉缺失，麻木
n. 麻醉；麻木；感觉缺失（等于anesthesia）
 - anesthesia, narcosis

Word: alphabetical
Front: alphabetical
[ˌælfəˈbetɪkl] (雅宝 19282/15239 -K)
Back: adj. 按字母（表）顺序的
分布：按字母表顺序的(100%)
【源】alpha希腊语第一个字母－阿尔法，beta希腊语第二个字母－贝塔－按字母表顺序的
US [-'betˌ-] (also alphabetic)
adjective
 IMPROVER
■arranged in the same order as the letters of the alphabet 按字母排序的
• an alphabetical list 按字母顺序排列的名单
• The names are published in alphabetical order. 姓名按照字母顺序公布。
adj. 字母的； [计] 依字母顺序的
 - abecedarian

Word: alkaline
Front: alkaline
[ˈælkəlaɪn] (19857/13049)
Back: adj. 碱性的，碱的; 含碱的
n. 碱度，碱性
分布：碱性的(66%)，碱的(34%)

Word: altiplano
Front: altiplano
[æl'tɪplɑ:nəʊ] (33580/-)
Back: n. 高原
分布：高原(100%)
n. 高原
 - high land, tableland

Word: arden
Front: arden
[ˈɑ:dən] (-/23829)
Back: n. 昔时阿尔丁的森林地带，浪漫的地方
分布：浪漫的地方(50%)，昔时阿尔丁的森林地带(50%)

Word: arousal
Front: arousal
[ə'raʊzl] (9686/10768)
Back: n. 觉醒; 激励
分布：唤醒(49%)，激发(32%)，激励(16%)，鼓励(3%)
N-UNCOUNT
（性欲的）激起，激发
Arousal is the state of being sexually excited.
例：...sexual arousal...性欲的激起
例：Use this technique to control your level of arousal.用这种方法来控制性兴奋程度。
N-UNCOUNT
唤起;激起
Arousal is a state in which you feel excited or very alert, for example as a result of fear, stress, or anger.
例：Thinking angry thoughts can provoke strong physiological arousal.想着生气的事情能激起强烈的生理反应。
n. [心理] 觉醒；激励
 - stimulus, animation, excitation

Word: arsenide
Front: arsenide
[ɑ:'senaɪd] (35807/45292)
Back: n. 砷化物
分布：砷化物(100%)

Word: arian

Word: banjo
Front: banjo
[ˈbændʒəʊ] (16146/35176 -1)
Vocabulary: banjo
(once / 3632 pages)
n
A banjo is a musical stringed instrument with a round body and a neck. Bluegrass bands almost always include at least one banjo.
A banjo can be played by strumming it like a guitar, or by plucking or picking the strings. Banjos can have four, five, or six strings, and their origins go back to African instruments, whose designs influenced African slaves in Colonial America to create the first banjos. The word banjo was originally used in 18th century America, from the Bantu mbanza, a banjo-like stringed instrument.
WORD FAMILY
banjo: banjoes, banjos
USAGE EXAMPLES
My husband and my dad are both banjo players, so it connected.
The Guardian(Dec 22, 2016)
I learned some sign language to help me communicate, and I walked across the United States, playing my banjo, and became known as Planetwalker.
The Guardian(Nov 25, 2016)
When my wife, Shelly Banjo, and I began dating six years ago, I learned that polycystic kidney disease ran in her family.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. 班卓琴
分布：班卓琴(71%)，五弦琴(29%)
→来自非洲班图语。
US [-dʒoʊ] (plural banjos or banjoes)
noun countable
■a stringed musical instrument with a long neck and a hollow circular body 班卓琴
n. 班卓琴；五弦琴
 - pentachord

Word: balzac

Word: artemisia
Front: artemisia
[ˌɑ:tɪ'mɪzɪə] (32122/-)
Back: n. 蒿属植物
分布：艾属植物(100%)
n. 艾；艾属
 - moxa

Word: arugula
Front: arugula
[æˈru:gjʊlə] (18096/-)
Vocabulary: arugula
(once / 33674 pages)
n
Arugula is a leafy green plant that's commonly used in salad. It's fairly easy to grow arugula in a small garden.
In the US, this plant is usually called arugula, while in the UK it's more often called rocket. Many backyard gardeners like to grow arugula, which is one of the earliest plants to be harvested, since it's fairly tolerant of cold. The Latin name is Eruca sativa, but arugula comes from an Italian dialect's variation on ruchetta, the plant's name in Italy.
WORD FAMILY
arugula
USAGE EXAMPLES
I told her the arugula was indeed Newark-grown and explained about the vertical farm.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
The point is that tastes and crops change — how many gardeners in the United States were growing bok choy or arugula 50 years ago?
Washington Post(Dec 19, 2016)
Then it’s topped with arugula, which adds some lightness to a heavy dish.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 芝麻菜
分布：名词(100%)
→来自PIE *ghers, 刺毛，词源同horror. 拼写变化历史略。美式英语写作arugula, 英式英语写作rocket.
US (UK rocket)
noun uncountable
■a plant whose long green leaves are used in salads 芝麻菜（其长绿叶用来做沙拉）

Word: astrobiology
Front: astrobiology
[æstrəʊba'ɪɒlədʒɪ] (34225/-)
Back: n. 天体生物学，太空生物学
分布：太空生物学(100%)
n. [生物] [生物物理] 天体生物学，太空生物学
 - exobiology

Word: bathwater
Front: bathwater
[ˈbɑ:θwɔ:tə(r)] (27507/35011)
Back: n. 洗澡水
分布：浴缸里的水(100%)

Word: barnstorming
Front: barnstorming
[ˈbɑ:nstɔ:mɪŋ] (38649/43864)
Back: n. 演说家所做的事
adj. 有关演说家的
v. 作巡回政治演说[宣传、游说等]( barnstorm的现在分词 )
分布：演说家所做之事(100%)
US ['bɑ:rnˌstɔ:r.mɪŋ] adjective
■exciting and energetic 激动人心的；活力四射的
• It was a barnstorming performance. 那真是一场激动人心的表演。

Word: bayou
Front: bayou
[ˈbaɪu:] (16111/-)
Vocabulary: bayou
(once / 3563 pages)
n
Imagine a large, sluggish, often stagnant body of water and you are probably thinking about a bayou, a marshy inlet or outlet of a lake or river. Perhaps the most famous bayou in the United States is found in Louisiana.
The term bayou is a true Americanism, most probably evolving in the early 19th Century from the Choctaw word bayuk, meaning "small stream," and making its way into the Louisiana French language. There is a culture specific to the Gulf of Mexico bayou areas from Texas to Florida, a mingling of the early Arcadian settlers, known as "Cajuns," and the Creole culture. The bayou is a fragile ecosystem that is threatened by pollutants and environmental disasters, such as oil spills.
WORD FAMILY
bayou: bayous
USAGE EXAMPLES
Trout are fair while drifting deep bayous in the marsh.
Washington Times(Dec 28, 2016)
His point, rather, is that empathy is untempered by reason, emanating from the murky bayou of the gut.
New York Times(Dec 06, 2016)
Then in 1904, the state dammed up the bayou - not far north of the railroad tracks - with plans to put locks there.
Washington Times(Dec 04, 2016)
Back: n. 小海湾; 支流; 河口; （美国南部水流缓慢、多水草的）河道支流
分布：河口(43%)，支流(38%)，海湾(19%)
→来自北美北著语。
noun countable
■(in the southern US) an area of slowly moving water away from the main river （美国南部的）牛轭湖，水流缓慢的小河
n. 河口；海湾；支流
 - bay, gulf, branch, estuary, kuala

Word: been
Front: been
[bi:n] None
Back: v. 用来表示某人或某物即主语本身，用来表示某人或某物属于某一群体或有某种性质（ be的过去分词 ）; 在，存在; 不受干扰; 去过了; be的过去分词
分布：名词(100%)
verb
 ESSENTIAL past participle of
■ be
 ESSENTIAL
■used to mean 'visited', 'travelled' or 'arrived' 去过；到过
• I've never been to Kenya, but I hope to visit it next year. 我从未去过肯亚，我希望明年去看看。
• The postman hasn't been here yet. 邮差还未到。
• The doctor's just been (= has arrived and left). 医生刚才来过。
 ESSENTIAL
■used as the past participle of 'go' when the action referred to is finished （作为 go 的过去分词，表示动作完成）
• She's been to the hairdresser's (= and now she has returned). 她去过美发店了。
v. 是，有（be的过去分词）
 - had

Word: bather
Front: bather
[ˈbeɪðə(r)] (宝 25299/24896)
Back: n. 洗澡者; <英>游泳者
分布：浴疗者(50%)，入浴者(50%)
US [-ðɚ] noun countable
■a person who is swimming in the sea, river, etc. （在河、海等里的）泳客
n. 入浴者；游泳者；浴疗者
 - swimmer, natator

Word: beetroot
Front: beetroot
[ˈbi:tru:t] (43683/24319 -1)
Back: n. 甜菜根
分布：甜菜根(100%)
['bi:.tru:t] UK (US usually beet)
noun countable or uncountable
■the small round dark red root of a plant, which is eaten cooked as a vegetable, especially cold in salads 甜菜根
['bi:.tru:t] UK (US usually beet)
noun countable or uncountable
go/turn beetroot (red) (go as red as a beetroot) (US go beet red) (go as red as a beet)
■to have a red face because you are embarrassed （因为尴尬）脸色绯红
• Whenever I talked about his past life, he would go beetroot. 每当我说起他过去的生活时，他都会满脸涨红。

Word: beneficent
Front: beneficent
[bɪˈnefɪsnt] (24931/23645)
Vocabulary: beneficent
(once / 946 pages)
adj
Beneficent is the type of act that helps others. If you're a beneficent person, you probably spend a lot of your time volunteering at soup kitchens or homeless shelters, helping people who are less fortunate than you are.
Beneficent shares the same root and sentiment with its fellow adjective, benevolent, which also means something that is good. The two words are so closely related that they also share the same Latin origin. Another related word, benefactor, is someone who gives support to an organization or institution or someone who takes care of another person. Kind, generous, and giving are all synonyms of beneficent.
WORD FAMILY
beneficent: beneficence, beneficently+/ beneficence: beneficences/ beneficial: beneficially/ benefit: beneficent, beneficial, benefited, benefiting, benefits, benefitted, benefitting
USAGE EXAMPLES
This was the Kingdom, a place of flourishing gardens, abundant cobbler and Renaissance Faire dialogue, overseen by the beneficent and dreadlocked King Ezekiel.
New York Times(Oct 30, 2016)
In The Times bizarro world, this article celebrates the right to vote recently bestowed upon women by the beneficent Saudi monarchy.
New York Times(Oct 18, 2016)
Beneficent time-tested owners saw their steady profits eroding and sold their papers so that they might park their capital somewhere more rewarding.
Time(Aug 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 行善的; 仁慈的，慈爱的
分布：仁慈的(38%)，慈善的(34%)，行善的(28%)
仁慈的,善行的(bene+fic做+ent→做好事的)[bene-表示"善,好"]
【记】bene好，fic做－做好事的－行善的
【反】baleful（adj 恶意的）；noxious（adj 有害的）；toxic（adj 有毒的）
[bɪ'nef.ɪ.sənt] formal
adjective
■helping people and doing good acts 行善的；慈善的
• a beneficent aunt 慈善的阿姨
adj. 慈善的；善行的
 - eleemosynary

Word: blacksmith
Front: blacksmith
[ˈblæksmɪθ] (六托 14740/12199)
Back: n. 铁匠，锻工; 打铁工人; 装蹄工; 蹄铁
分布：铁匠(100%)
noun countable
■a person who makes and repairs iron tools and horseshoes 铁匠；马蹄铁匠人
n. 铁匠； [机] 锻工
 - smith, ironsmith

Word: bibliography
Front: bibliography
[ˌbɪbliˈɒgrəfi] (研雅宝 14033/9291 -1)
Vocabulary: bibliography
(once / 1601 pages)
n
A bibliography is a list of writings by an author, such as the lengthy bibliography of Joyce Carol Oates, or a list of writings someone uses in a project, like the bibliography at the end of a research paper.
Bibliography comes from the Greek word biblio, or "book," and graphos, which is "something written or drawn." So, a bibliography is made when someone writes a list of books or other written works. You may have included a bibliography with a research paper you have written, to give credit to your sources. However, due to the popularity of using internet sources instead of books these days, some writers prefer "Works Cited" over "Bibliography."
WORD FAMILY
bibliography: bibliographer, bibliographical, bibliographies+/bibliographer: bibliographers
USAGE EXAMPLES
The site ends with an impressive 21- volume bibliography.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
One is Peter Navarro, a notorious China hawk whose bibliography includes books called Death by China and The Coming China Wars.
The Guardian(Nov 14, 2016)
Hampered by its worthy intentions and weighty bibliography, “Flight” never quite managed to take off.
New York Times(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. 书目提要，书目; 书志学，书志; 文献，文献学
分布：参考书目(90%)，文献学(10%)
→词根biblio-, 书。词根graph, 写。
书目提要(biblio+araphy学科→书的学科→书目提要)[biblio=book,表示"书"]
n.(有关某一专题的)书目;参考书目
【记】biblio＝Bible《圣经》；graph写－写圣经时用的书－参考书目，因为写圣经需要参考大量的书籍
US [-'ɑ:.grə-] noun countable
■a list of the books and articles that have been used by someone when writing a particular book or article 参考书目，文献目录
• Other sources of information are found in the bibliography at the end of this article. 其他资料来源见文末的文献目录。
n. 参考书目； [图情] 文献目录
 - reference, reading list

Word: biologic
Front: biologic
[baɪə'lɒdʒɪk] (26410/-)
Back: adj. 生物的，生物学的
分布：生物学的(50%)，生物的(50%)
adj. 生物的；生物学的
 - biotic, organismal

Word: castaway
Front: castaway
[ˈkɑ:stəweɪ] (26728/34457)
Vocabulary: castaway
(once / 4469 pages)
n
A castaway is someone who's stranded on shore, often after surviving a shipwreck. A sailor who swims to a small island after a terrible storm can call herself a castaway.
A castaway is more likely to be a character in a book than a real person, although occasionally a survivor has found him or herself washed up on an island. Some theories about what happened to the pilot Amelia Earhart after her disappearance include the idea that she was a castaway on some Pacific island. In the 15th century, a castaway was "one who is rejected." The deserted island survivor meaning came along in the late 1700s.
WORD FAMILY
castaway: castaways
USAGE EXAMPLES
Michael did not choose any of his own songs for his castaway list, but recounted the tragedy which inspired Jesus to a Child.
BBC(Dec 26, 2016)
Ben Carson, another castaway from the Republican primary and onetime Trump foe, was tapped as the secretary for Department of Housing and Urban Development.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Survivor The remaining castaways vie for a chance at the $1-million prize in the season finale.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. 被抛弃的人，坐船遇难者，漂流者
adj. 被抛弃的，无价值的，遭难的
分布：被抛弃的人(35%)，被抛弃的(25%)，遭难的(20%)，坐船遇难者(20%)
→来自cast和away的组合词，即被遗弃的，特指被流落荒岛的人，参照电影《荒岛求生》。
US ['kæs.tə-] noun countable
■a person who has escaped from a ship that has sunk, and managed to get to an island or country where there are few or no other people （沉船后）逃生到孤岛（或荒僻之地）的人
adj. 遭难的；被抛弃的
 - abandoned, forsaken

Word: coif
Front: coif
[kɔɪf] (29634/46728)
Back: n. 盖以头巾，戴紧帽
时态：coiffed, coiffing, coifs
分布：覆以头巾(34%)，头巾(33%)，戴紧帽(33%)
n. 头巾
 - headkerchief, bashlyk

Word: convalesce
Front: convalesce
[ˌkɒnvəˈles] (宝 31784/23327)
Vocabulary: convalesce
(once / 1519 pages)
v
Convalesce is a soft-sounding word, and it describes something you should do in a soft bed: recover from an illness.
When someone is convalescing, you can be sure something bad happened to them. Maybe they were hit by a car, had a heart attack, or got a bad case of the flu. People convalesce in hospitals, or, if things are a little less serious, at home. A nursing home is sometimes called a "convalescent home," because the old people who live there often have health problems. When you're sick or hurt badly enough to be convalescing, the good news is that you're starting to heal and have time to catch up on books or TV.
WORD FAMILY
convalesce: convalesced, convalescent, convalesces, convalescing+/ convalescence: convalescences/ convalescent: convalescence, convalescently, convalescents
USAGE EXAMPLES
Speaking on ITV on Thursday, Lady Forsyth said it had been "very hard" for her husband to be convalescing, having been "active until just recently".
BBC(Nov 10, 2016)
While he was convalescing, and unable to do anything else, he was urged by a friend to occupy himself with a screenwriting course.
The Guardian(Oct 29, 2016)
While she sings to some convalescing soldiers, Matthew walks into the room and begins singing with her.
Washington Times(Oct 17, 2016)
Back: vi. 康复
时态：convalesced, convalescing, convalesces
分布：渐渐康复(64%)，渐愈(36%)
→con-, 强调。-val, 强健，强壮，词源同value, valiant. -esce, 表起始。
【记】con共同，val强壮，esce开始…的－开始强壮－康复
【参】valorous（adj 勇猛的）；convalescent（adj 康复期的）
US [ˌkɑ:n-] verb intransitive
■to rest in order to get better after an illness （病后）休养，疗养，康复
• After your operation, you'll need to convalesce for a week or two. 手术后你需要休养一两个星期。

Word: chalet
Front: chalet
[ˈʃæleɪ] (19829/15696 -1)
Vocabulary: chalet
(once / 7720 pages)
n
A chalet is a style of house that's mainly found in the Swiss Alps. Most chalets are made of wood and have a very wide, heavy roof that slopes down.
You might think of a chalet as a house you stay in during a ski vacation. Although chalets were originally the modest huts or cottages that Alpine herders lived in, over time the area became popular with skiers and vacationers, and chalet came to mean "mountainside holiday home." In Swiss-French, chalet means "herdsman's hut" or "Alpine cottage," from the Old French word chasel, "farmhouse."
WORD FAMILY
chalet: chalets
USAGE EXAMPLES
Beyond the barricades twinkled the sparkly lights on the roofs of little wooden chalets offering Glühwein.
Economist(Dec 20, 2016)
Two of four tented chalets on the banks of the Kafue River are already open, with another two opening in May.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
“Almost every cabin in Chalet Village is burning to the freakin’ ground!”
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. （屋顶陡斜的）木造农舍，小木屋，（尤指瑞士的）山地农舍式房子; （街道）公厕
分布：小型度假屋(100%)
→来自拉丁词casa, 小屋，词源同casino.
noun countable
■a small wooden house found in mountain areas, especially in Switzerland, or a house built in a similar style, especially as used by people on holiday （尤指瑞士用于渡假的）山间小木屋
n. 瑞士山中的牧人小屋；瑞士的农舍；小屋
 - shed, cottage

Word: cryptical

Word: countercyclical

Word: couplet
Front: couplet
[ˈkʌplət] (22047/16481)
Vocabulary: couplet
(once / 2020 pages)
n
A couplet is two lines of poetry that usually rhyme. Here's a famous couplet: "Good night! Good night! Parting is such sweet sorrow / That I shall say good night till it be morrow."
The couplet above comes from Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, which is a play, not a poem. But Shakespeare often used rhyming couplets at the end of scenes to signal the ending. Couplets are very common in poetry. Often whole poems are written in couplet form — two lines of rhyming poetry, followed by two more lines with a different rhyme, and so on. Robert Frost, one of America's great poets, wrote many poems using couplets.
WORD FAMILY
couplet: couplets
USAGE EXAMPLES
A look back at the highs — and lows — in 2016 cinema, in couplet rhyme.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
That couplet sparked a hearty chorus of cheers among women in the audience.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 05, 2016)
From the song Drops of Jupiter comes the following couplet:
The Guardian(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: n. 对句; 对联
分布：对联(65%)，对句(28%)，双韵(7%)
→来自couple, 匹配，配对。
noun countable
■two lines of poetry next to each other, especially ones which rhyme (= have words with the same sounds) and have the same length and rhythm （尤指长度、韵脚相同的）对句
• a rhyming couplet 押韵对句
n. 对联；对句
 - distich

Word: croft
Front: croft
[krɒft] (41728/16822)
Back: n. <英>（住宅附近的）小田地，（尤指佃户经营的）小农地
分布：小田地(60%)，小农场(40%)
→词源不详。参照电影《古墓丽影》女主角名字Lara Croft。
US [krɑ:ft] UK
noun countable
■(especially in Scotland) a very small farm around a house, or the house itself （尤指苏格兰住宅周围的）小农场，农舍
n. 小田地，小农场
 - smallholding

Word: coulter

Word: deformity
Front: deformity
[dɪˈfɔ:məti] (15321/18804)
Vocabulary: deformity
(once / 1992 pages)
n
A deformity happens when a body part is misshapen. A deformity can also be a change for the worse in something's appearance. A two-headed kitten has a deformity.
Usually a deformity is the result of an accident or a genetic defect. Although most people want to avoid deformities, in the novel Geek Love by Katherine Dunn (1989), the mother of a circus family takes drugs while she’s pregnant, hoping to cause deformities in her children. She succeeds with her son Arturo, who has flippers instead of arms and legs. In his world, people with regular arms and legs have the deformity.
WORD FAMILY
deformity: deformities+/deform: deformation, deformed, deforming, deforms/deformation: deformational, deformations/deformed: deformedly, deformity / form: biform, deform, formation, formative, formed, forming, formless, forms, multiform, preform, reform / formation: formations, re-formation/ formative: formatively, formatives/formed: ill-formed, re-formed, unformed/formless: formlessly/preform: preformation, preformed, preforms/preformation: preformations/ reform: reformable, reformation, reformative, reformatory, reformed, reformer, reforming, reformism, reforms/reformable: unreformable/ reformation: counterreformation, reformations, self-reformation/reformatory: reformatories/ reformed: reformedly, unreformed/reformer: reformers/reformism: reformist/reformist: reformists/unformed: unformedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
You’ve seen them in those nasty television ads - the ones with the rotted teeth, swollen gums, blackened lungs and other ugly deformities.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Palacio is a novel about a boy with a facial deformity who is going to school for the first time.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 25, 2016)
Thousands of babies have suffered deformities as a result of the infection.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 畸形的人（或物）; 畸形状态; （道德等方面的）缺陷; 畸形（或残缺）的部分
分布：畸形(97%)，残废(3%)
US [-'fɔ:r.mə.tˌi] noun countable or uncountable
■when a part of the body has not developed in the normal way or with the normal shape 身体畸形，发育异常
n. [医] 畸形；畸形的人或物；道德方面的缺陷
 - malformation, hesitation mark terata

Word: databank
Front: databank
[ˈdeɪtəbæŋk] (29915/36937)
Back: 数据库
分布：数据库(100%)
→来自data和bank的组合词。
n. 数据库
 - dbase, data base

Word: degas
Front: degas
[diː'gæs] (-/26767)
Back: vt. 除去瓦斯; 去气
时态：degassed, degassing, degasses
分布：除去瓦斯(67%)，从 ... 除去气体(33%)
vt. 脱气；除去瓦斯
 - deair

Word: custard
Front: custard
[ˈkʌstəd] (13196/12419 -1)
Vocabulary: custard
(once / 2415 pages)
n
Custard is a sweet, pudding-like dessert that's usually made with eggs. You might prefer frozen custard to ice cream as a summertime treat.
Custard comes in a few different forms, including baked, frozen, and boiled. Baked custard is made with a combination of eggs, milk or cream, sugar, and sometimes flavoring, chocolate, or spices, that's cooked in small dishes sitting in a pan of water. The result is smooth, creamy, and rich. In the 14th century, a custard was a "meat or fruit pie," from croustado, an Old Provençal word literally meaning "something covered with crust."
WORD FAMILY
custard: custard-like, custards
USAGE EXAMPLES
Cook, stirring continuously, until the mixture thickens to a custard.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
In the second, the contestants tackle custards and meringues.
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
The traditional combination of rich custard and bittersweet caramel, apparently, was too perfect to touch.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 蛋奶糊，牛奶沙司，蛋羹
分布：乳蛋糕(100%)
→cust, 同crust, 面包屑，字母r脱落。因上面覆盖一层面包屑而得名。
US [-tɚd] noun uncountable
■a (usually warm) sweet sauce made from eggs, milk and sugar and poured over sweet dishes 蛋奶冻
• apple pie and custard 苹果派和蛋奶冻
n. 奶油冻；奶油蛋羹
 - mousse

Word: deleterious
Front: deleterious
[ˌdeləˈtɪəriəs] (托宝 17536/21345)
Vocabulary: deleterious
(once / 8231 pages)
adj
If something is deleterious, it does harm or makes things worse. Smoking has obvious deleterious effects on your health, not to mention your social life.
My parents were worried that their divorce would have a deleterious effect on us kids, but in the end it was less harmful than watching them fight all the time. For most plants, a lack of sunlight has very deleterious consequences, but there are some plants that actually do very well in the dark. It's a wonder, given how well-established the science is, that we continue to do things that are deleterious to the fragile ecosystem. We must be willing to live with the deleterious effects.
WORD FAMILY
deleterious: deleteriously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Because research specific to sugar’s deleterious effects is wanting, the science, Mr Taubes concedes, is not definitive.
Economist(Dec 15, 2016)
Simply put, no medicine can overcome the deleterious effects the absence of these systems poses.
Slate(Nov 15, 2016)
This level is generally deleterious for much aquatic life such as fish and shellfish.
Salon(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 有害的; 有毒
分布：有害的(100%)
→来自希腊语deleter, 破坏者，毁灭者，可能进一步来自da, 切，分，词源同 demon.即破坏性的，有害的。
有害的[deleter=destroyer(毁坏者)]
【记】delete删除，er耳：把耳朵给删除了－对身心有害的
【反】wholesome（adj 卫生的；有益健康的）；salutary＝salubrious（adj 有益健康的）
US [-'tɪr.i-] formal
adjective
■harmful 有害的，造成危害的
• These drugs have a proven deleterious effect on the nervous system. 已证实这些药物对神经系统有危害作用。
adj. 有毒的，有害的
 - harmful, toxic, evil, poisonous

Word: disavowal
Front: disavowal
[ˌdɪsə'vaʊəl] (27557/38180)
Vocabulary: disavowal
(once / 18614 pages)
n
A disavowal is a strong denial of any knowledge about something. You might use it to get across the point that you have no idea how that window got broken.
Disavowal contains the word avow, which you can use to mean "declare openly"; it's kind of the positive version of the negative disavowal. While an avowal essentially says, "yes indeed!" a disavowal is not only saying, "no," but is also implying, "I have no idea what you're talking about."
WORD FAMILY
disavowal: disavowals+/ avow: avowal, avowed, avower, avowing, avows, disavow / avowal: avowals/avowed: avowedly, unavowed/avower: avowers/ disavow: disavowable, disavowal, disavowed, disavowing, disavows/unavowed: unavowedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Most of the journalists present were surprised at her disavowal of science, but the Guardian’s science editor was called in to offer another view.
The Guardian(Dec 23, 2016)
The statement was reproduced constantly, eventually prompting a vague disavowal by Trump himself.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
Ellison’s disavowal of anti-Semitism was certainly more forthright than Trump’s grudging dismissals of the alt-right.
Slate(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: n. 不承认; 否认; 否定; 拒绝
分布：否认(100%)
【记】avow（v 承认）；vow（n 发誓）
【反】admission（n 允许进入）；acknowledgement（n 承认）；disavow－affirm（v 确认；承认）
n. 否定，否认；拒绝；不承认
 - contradiction, negative, rejection

Word: dilatory
Front: dilatory
[ˈdɪlətəri] (宝 32015/33843)
Vocabulary: dilatory
(once / 5934 pages)
adj
Something dilatory creates a delay. If you are a high school student, once in a while you might have used dilatory tactics if you forgot to do your homework.
The adjective dilatory comes from the Latin root word dilator, a noun that means someone who puts off things, or a procrastinator. If you are always late to appointments, people may accuse you of being dilatory, especially if they think you don't have a good excuse.
WORD FAMILY
dilatory: dilatorily, dilatoriness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Once he spied a dilatory writer on the street in New Haven.
New York Times(Sep 13, 2016)
And if the dissenters try the same tactic repeatedly, he or she can rule their moves dilatory and move on.
Time(Jul 05, 2016)
In his chapter on red deer, perhaps the best in the book, Foster describes trying to cultivate that animal’s dilatory, fearful, and observant stillness.
The New Yorker(May 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 拖拉的，延误的; 迂缓
分布：拖拉的(43%)，拖延的(38%)，缓慢的(19%)
→di-, 分开，散开，来自dis-变体。-lat, 拿，携带，词源同relate, translate.即四散的，没方向的，引申词义拖延。
【记】源于：delay（v /n 拖延；耽搁）di，lat放－放下来不做－有意拖延的lat＝late迟到－磨蹭的
【反】alacritous（adj 活泼的；敏捷的）；precipitate（adj 突如其来的）
US [-tɔ:r.i] formal
adjective
■slow and likely to cause delay 缓慢的，拖延的，迟缓的
• dilatory behaviour/tactics 拖延行为／策略
• British institutions have been dilatory in cutting credit card charges. 英国银行机构在降低信用卡收费方面一直拖拖拉拉。
adj. 拖拉的；缓慢的，不慌不忙的
 - draggy, slow-motion

Word: demure
Front: demure
[dɪˈmjʊə(r)] (宝 19945/20729)
Vocabulary: demure
(once / 1483 pages)
adj
A demure person can be described as polite and a little shy. A demure outfit is a modest one––think high neckline and low hem.
Demure is a word you don't hear a lot these days, but it used to be a huge compliment for a woman or a girl, for them to be considered shy and quiet and modest. Those days are over, thank goodness, because demure people are nice and all, but they're also a little boring.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
demur / demure
To demur is to show reluctance or to hesitate, like not quite getting in the car when someone opens the door, but demure isalways an adjective describing a modest, reserved, or shy person, and sounds like the mew of a tiny kitten.
Demur is usually a verb, but it can also act as a noun meaning the act of hesitating or objecting, or indecision. It's like saying "no thanks" by ducking your head and walking away:
"There isn't any too much room in this bungalow as it is," demurred Mr. Pottle. (Richard Connell)
But strangely, when given an opportunity to be influential, many demur, backing away from the conversations that result in the making of decisions. (Computer World)
Not surprisingly, perhaps, Tett stepped out of her chair role's impartiality momentarily to demur at that. (Guardian)
Add an e to make demure, which describes a shy, polite, legs-crossed, hands-in-lap kinda gal:
Demure? I think you need to read the definition of that word, because no one in hot pink shorts and red manic panic hair is demure. (x17)
Canada, represented as a demure little maiden, stands just behind Hawaii, an interested spectator, apparently more than half inclined to follow his example. (Frederic Taber Cooper)
Demur when a cute trucker invites you to an all-night rave if you want to be considered demure. Ladies love an e. Demur sounds like dee-mur, while demure sounds like a baby kitten: de-myure. Mew.
WORD FAMILY
demure: demurely, demureness, demurer, demurest+/demureness: demurenesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
The winners “tend to be more demure, they tend to be more classically elegant,” said Lee.
Washington Post(Dec 16, 2016)
A demure Cuban tree frog, intensely green, clings to a branch.
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Asked how it was to be on set with the cast, they remained demure, saying they weren’t sure how much they could reveal.
Time(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 娴静的; 谦恭的; 庄重的; （女子）怕羞的
分布：端庄的(59%)，矜持的(26%)，严肃的(15%)
→来自法语，of mature, 用来指成熟的女人，引申词义端庄。
【记】读：dem诱饵，人民对诱饵的态度是表面上不想要－矜持的
US [-'mjʊr] adjective
■(especially of women and children) quiet and well behaved （尤指女子和儿童）端庄的，文静的，安静的
• She gave him a demure smile. 她朝他文雅地一笑。
adj. 端庄的；娴静的；严肃的；假装正直的
 - serious, modest

Word: dexterous
Front: dexterous
[ˈdekstrəs] (托宝 31149/41709)
Vocabulary: dexterous
(once / 1822 pages)
adj
If you're dexterous, you're good with your hands. To be dexterous is an essential trait for knitters and sleight-of-hand magicians.
The adjective dexterous often refers to skill and agility with the hands, but it can mean any skillful or clever physical movement. A kid's dexterous ball handling and footwork can aid him on the soccer field. Dexterous can also be used to describe mental skill and agility — like the dexterous handling of an uncomfortable situation at work.
WORD FAMILY
dexterous: dexterously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Father discovers that two of his daughters are dexterous brawlers.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
But she also had long arms and dexterous curved fingers, much like modern apes that still swing from the trees.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
His work with audience volunteers is dexterous and mischievous, mean without ever being exactly cruel.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adj. （身手）灵巧的，敏捷的; 手巧; 圆熟; 利落
分布：灵巧的(44%)，惯用右手的(28%)，机灵的(19%)，=dextrous.(9%)
灵巧的,敏捷的(右手比左手灵巧)[dexter=right,表示"右边"]
【记】dexter右边的－像右手一样－灵巧的
【参】ambidextrous（adj 怀有二心的；非常灵巧的）；
adj. 灵巧的；敏捷的；惯用右手的
 - sharp, fly, neat, quick, keen

Word: duster
Front: duster
[ˈdʌstə(r)] (18572/20381)
Back: n. 抹布; 尘拂; 撢子; <美>防尘罩衫
分布：除尘器(42%)，抹布(37%)，宽松服(7%)，尘暴(7%)，防尘衣(7%)
US [-tɚ] noun countable
■a piece of cloth that is used for removing dust from furniture, books, surfaces, etc. 抹布
n. 抹布，掸子； [环境] 除尘器；打扫灰尘的人
 - cleaning rag, dishcloth

Word: doleful
Front: doleful
[ˈdəʊlfl] (托宝 29302/23935)
Vocabulary: doleful
(once / 1590 pages)
adj
To be doleful is to be down in the dumps, to have a hole in your soul, to be full of woe.
Doleful has nothing to do with a doe, a deer or a female deer. Unless one of those animals has a really sad look in its eyes. Expressions can be doleful, ditto a song or a set of circumstances. You can use the adjective doleful to describe something that is bringing you down, that makes you want to give into gravity or crawl into bed. Doleful is pretty much the opposite of how a ray of golden sun can make you feel.
WORD FAMILY
doleful: dolefuler, dolefulest, dolefully, dolefulness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Clinging to a doleful melody over a descending piano line, the Weeknd name-drops luxury cars, dismisses any competition and brags about wealth, women and drugs.
New York Times(Sep 23, 2016)
Meanwhile, he ruminates on the doleful impact of his predecessors’ choices, seeking to communicate a certain humility about his country.
Washington Post(Sep 14, 2016)
“Cemeteries were rather lonesome, doleful places separated from the community,” he explained.
Washington Times(Sep 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 令人沮丧的; 悲哀的; 沉闷的; 阴郁的
分布：悲哀的(44%)，寂寞的(33%)，阴沉的(23%)
→来自拉丁语dolus, 伤心，词源同condole. 可能与dole在词源上是远亲，原义为砍，切，引申义悲伤。
悲伤的(dole+ful充满...的)[dole=grieve,表示"悲伤"]
US ['doʊl-] adjective
■very sad 悲伤的，哀伤的
• a doleful expression 哀伤的表情
adj. 寂寞的；悲哀的；阴沉的；忧郁的
 - lonely, sad, dark, heavy, blue

Word: dowd

Word: disciplinarian
Front: disciplinarian
[ˌdɪsəplɪˈneəriən] (22262/23780)
Back: n. 实施纪律者，严格纪律信奉者
分布：纪律的(67%)，严行纪律的人(33%)
纪律严明的(人)(discipline纪律)[-arian表形容词或名词"…的(人)"]
【记】discipline（n 纪律）
US [-'ner.i-] mainly disapproving
noun countable
■someone who believes in keeping complete control of the people he or she is in charge of, especially by giving severe punishments （尤指信奉惩罚的）严格的管理者，严厉的领导
• a strict disciplinarian 严厉的领导

Word: disinfect
Front: disinfect
[ˌdɪsɪnˈfekt] (宝 20959/23822)
Vocabulary: disinfect
(once / 3915 pages)
v
To disinfect something is to clean it so thoroughly that you kill any bacteria that might have been living on it. It's particularly important to disinfect cuts and scratches.
You can disinfect your kitchen counters with cleaning products, or disinfect a scrape by washing it with soap and water. Public swimming pools have chlorine added to their water to disinfect them, and bleach is a good all-purpose chemical used to disinfect floors, laundry, and other things that might be harboring nasty bugs. Infect comes from a Latin root word, inficere, "to spoil or stain." Adding the prefix dis-, "do the opposite of," gives you disinfect.
WORD FAMILY
disinfect: disinfectant, disinfected, disinfecting, disinfection, disinfects+/disinfectant: disinfectants/ infect: disinfect, infected, infecting, infection, infective, infects, superinfect/ infected: uninfected/ infection: infections, infectious, superinfection/ infectious: infectiously, noninfectious
USAGE EXAMPLES
Surfaces in contact with the boxwood should be disinfected with rubbing alcohol.
Washington Post(Dec 09, 2016)
I noticed that thymol was the active agent in Seventh Generation Disinfecting Wipes.
Seattle Times(Dec 04, 2016)
She says the department didn’t mandate the school’s closure for the day, but she thought it prudent to do so to thoroughly disinfect the building.
Washington Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: vt. 除去（感染），给…消毒
时态：disinfected, disinfecting, disinfects
分布：消毒(87%)，杀菌(13%)
→dis-, 不，非，使相反。infect, 感染。即消除感染，消毒。
【记】infect（v 传染；感染）
【参】disinfectant（n 杀菌剂（用高温、辐射或化学药剂））
verb transitive
■to clean something using chemicals that kill bacteria and other very small living things that cause disease 给…杀菌，为…除菌，替…消毒
• disinfect the toilets/a wound 给厕所／伤口消毒

Word: ecc

Word: effervescent
Front: effervescent
[ˌefəˈvesnt] (26178/33188)
Vocabulary: effervescent
(once / 5823 pages)
1adj 2adj
Something effervescent has bubbles or froth, like a sparkling wine or a bubble bath. If you have a happy, light, cheerful personality — if you are "bubbly" — you too are effervescent.
Coming from the Latin effervēscere, the original meaning was more boiling than bubbly, thanks to the ferv part, which means "hot." The word literally refers to bubbles giving off gas, and any drinks you enjoy that are nose-ticklingly effervescent make bubbles that pop and release into the air. Remember, someone with an effervescent personality is just bubbly, not full of gas!
WORD FAMILY
effervescent: effervescence, effervescently, noneffervescent+/ effervesce: effervesced, effervescent, effervesces, effervescing/ effervescence: effervescences
USAGE EXAMPLES
Instead, the movie proves that at this moment, an effervescent, tap-danced duet is just what we need. —
Washington Post(Dec 22, 2016)
Chewing Gum is equal parts effervescent and hilarious in its approach to Tracey’s storyline while maintaining a focus on her own point of view.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
The Film Forum series omits much of the best of Berkeley’s secondary work, like his effervescent elbows-out comedy “Bright Lights,” from 1935.
The New Yorker(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 冒泡的，兴奋的
分布：兴奋的(45%)，欢腾的(43%)，起泡沫的(12%)
→ef-, 向外。-ferv, 热，词源同fervent, burn.
沸腾的;热情洋溢的(effervese+ent)[ferv=boil,表示"沸,热"]
US [-ɚ-] adjective
FIZZY 起泡的
■describes a liquid that produces bubbles of gas 冒泡的；起沫的；泡腾的
• effervescent vitamin C tablets 维生素C泡腾片
UK [ˌef.ə'ves.ənt] US [-ɚ-] adjective
ACTIVE 活跃的
■full of energy, positive and active 充满活力的；活泼的；兴高采烈的
• She's one of those effervescent personalities that you often see presenting TV game shows. 她是位电视名人，是你常看到的那种很会活跃气氛的电视游戏节目主持人。
adj. 冒泡的，沸腾的；兴奋的
 - boiling, fluidized

Word: elias

Word: encyclopaedia
Front: encyclopaedia
[enˌsaɪkləʊ'pi:djə] (29705/14900)
Back: n. 百科全书，大全
分布：名词(100%)
n. 百科全书
 - cyclopaedia

Word: entrails
Front: entrails
[ˈentreɪlz] (23605/22764)
Vocabulary: entrails
(once / 3680 pages)
n
Use the word entrails when you want to refer — in a not too gory way — to the internal organs of a person or animal, particularly a dead one.
If the inner parts of an animal are exposed, you can call them its entrails. The organs, particularly the intestines, are collectively known as an animal's entrails, and it's more common to refer to them this way if they're visible or removed from the body. Sometimes the noun entrails is used to mean the inside of something else, like the entrails of a street that's been dug up and exposed. The Latin interanea, or "internal," is the root of entrails.
WORD FAMILY
entrails
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Someone gutted a rabbit and smeared the entrails across her front steps,” Ms. Sharp says.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 09, 2016)
“They are getting hungrier and hungrier. Nobody kills chickens these days, and so there are less entrails for them to eat.”
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
In it, the giant Bhima not only kills the dangerous prince Dussasana but also rips out his entrails and bathes in his blood.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. 内脏，肠，（物体的）内部
分布：内脏(62%)，内部(20%)，肠(18%)
→来自词根enter, 肠，内脏，见enteric.
plural noun
■the intestines and other inside organs of an animal or person, when they are outside the body 内脏
• pig entrails 猪内脏
• figurative The sofa's entrails (= pieces of material from inside) were sticking out in places. 沙发有些地方的填充物鼓了出来。
n. 内脏；肠；（物体的）内部
 - interior, inside, inner

Word: epi
Front: epi
[eiˈpi:] None
Back: n. 直沙嘴，离岸沙坝
分布：在 ... 旁(34%)，在 ... 之外”(33%)，表示“在 ... 之上(33%)

Word: epl

Word: esl

Word: esop

Word: excusable
Front: excusable
[ɪkˈskju:zəbl] (35413/33960)
Vocabulary: excusable
(once / 2034 pages)
adj
Something that's excusable can be justified or easily explained. Being late to school because of a dentist appointment is completely excusable.
If there's a good reason for a mistake, it's excusable. When you're able to forgive someone for an offense or error, it is also excusable. A little boy's extreme excitement on his birthday is excusable, and lying around all day watching TV is excusable when you're home sick. The adjective excusable has a Latin root, excusare, "excuse, apologize, or release from a charge."
WORD FAMILY
excusable: excusably, inexcusable +/ excuse: excusable, excusatory, excused, excuser, excuses, excusing/excused: unexcused/excuser: excusers/ inexcusable: inexcusably
USAGE EXAMPLES
He said the shooting was neither justifiable or excusable.
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Don’t misunderstand me: It is excusable to raise questions about climate change.
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
He wrote, “Throughout its brief, the state seeks to minimize its failure to comply with established procedural rules as ‘excusable neglect.’
The New Yorker(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 可原谅的; 可容许的; 言之有理的; 可免除的
分布：可原谅的(100%)
adjective
■deserving to be forgiven （行为）可原谅的，可谅解的
• Considering her difficult childhood her behaviour is excusable. 考虑到她不幸的童年生活，她的行为是可以原谅的。
Opposite inexcusable
adj. 可原谅的；可辩解的；可免除的
 - venial, justifiable

Word: fairbanks

Word: flabbergasted
Front: flabbergasted
[ˈflæbəgɑ:stɪd] (20432/33234)
Vocabulary: flabbergasted
(once / 15212 pages)
adj
When you see your mom come back from the salon with bright green spiky hair and your jaw drops to the floor in total shock, you’re flabbergasted. You are really, really shocked — pretty much speechless.
Use the adjective flabbergasted to describe someone who's astounded or surprised for any reason, good or bad. You could be flabbergasted at how astonishingly expensive a parking ticket is, or at how incredibly delicious pineapple pizza is. Flabbergasted has been used since the late 18th century, but no one knows for sure where it originated. The word sounds like what it means: when you say it out loud — "flabbergasted!" — it somehow captures the spirit of astonishment and shock.
WORD FAMILY
flabbergast: flabbergasted, flabbergasting, flabbergasts
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I would be flabbergasted if the Russians didn’t reciprocate and expel 35 American officials from Russia,” Mr. Hall said.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Mike Peyton says he’s flabbergasted to get the ring back after losing it so long ago.
Seattle Times(Dec 06, 2016)
What flabbergasted her, however, were the friends and neighbors who traveled there to hear her perform.
Washington Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: adj. 目瞪口呆，惊愕
v. 使吃惊，使目瞪口呆( flabbergast的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：使大吃一惊(100%)
→词源不详。可能来自flabby和aghast的合成词。
adj. 目瞪口呆的；大吃一惊的
 - slack-jawed, gapemouthed

Word: fonteyn

Word: frightful
Front: frightful
[ˈfraɪtfl] (六 20695/15262 -1)
Back: adj. 可怕的; 惊人的; 令人毛骨悚然的; 讨厌的，丑恶的
分布：可怕的(92%)，吓人的(8%)
→来自fright, 恐惧的，害怕的。
adjective old-fashioned informal
■used to emphasize what you are saying, especially how bad something is （尤用于强调糟糕的程度）可怕的，讨厌的
• He made a frightful mess in the kitchen. 他把厨房弄得乱七八糟。
• Of course the cleaning is a frightful bore. 清洁打扫的工作当然是极其乏味的。
appalling, afraid, frightful, terrible, terrific, fearful, horrible, dreadful, awful
这组词都有“害怕的、可怕的”的意思，其区别是：
appalling: 指既令害怕又使人惊异、胆寒。
afraid: 指由于胆小或怯懦而不敢说或做某事。
frightful: 指使人陷入短暂的惊恐或产生毛骨悚然的感觉。
terrible: 侧重指给人以长久的惊骇，极端的恐怖，令人难以忍受。
terrific: 多指外表、形状或力量等的可怕。
fearful: 普通用词，既指外界情况变化而引起的恐惧，又指来自内心的害怕与焦虑。
horrible: 指因骇人听闻的丑恶而令人毛骨悚然，着重厌恶的成分多于害怕。
dreadful: 指使人非常恐惧，毛骨悚然，也使人感到讨厌而退缩。
awful: 指威严得令人害怕或敬畏，有一定的感情色彩。
adj. 可怕的；惊人的；非常的
 - terrible, tremendous, intense, horrible, awesome

Word: ebro

Word: eaux

Word: ennui
Front: ennui
[ɒnˈwi:] (托宝 24297/34569)
Vocabulary: ennui
(once / 2804 pages)
n
The French word ennui describes a feeling that combines tiredness and boredom. Ennui is one version of "the blahs."
Though it sounds it little fancy — maybe because it comes from French — ennui is a common feeling that everybody experiences: being bored and tired. School and work fill lots of people with ennui. A terrible TV show could create ennui. If you feel like your life is going nowhere, ennui could set in. When you're feeling ennui, you might as well take a nap, because you're too drowsy and uninterested to do much of anything else.
WORD FAMILY
ennui: ennuis
USAGE EXAMPLES
Eden Hazard, for bouncing back so bravely after a painful season-long battle with existential ennui.
The Guardian(Dec 15, 2016)
She then sings a song about the ennui of middle-aged womanhood and her disillusionment with the bourgeoisie who surround her privileged 1970s Manhattan life.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Attempting to live on a constant high guarantees ennui and desolation.
The Guardian(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 厌倦，无聊
分布：无聊(85%)，怠倦(15%)
→来自拉丁文in odio, 厌恶，讨厌，词源同annoy, odium.
【记】读：安慰－倦怠无聊需要安慰回忆：安危哦anvil（n 时刻担心自己安危地铁砧）
【反】excitement（n 刺激；兴奋；激动）；exuberance（n 生气勃勃）；keen interest（强烈的兴趣）；energy（n 充满活力）；enthusiasm（n 热心；狂热）
US [ˌɑ:n-] literary
noun uncountable
■a feeling of being bored and mentally tired caused by having nothing interesting or exciting to do （由于无所事事而感到的）无聊，厌倦，倦怠
• The whole country seems to be affected by the ennui of winter. 冬天的倦怠感似乎影响着整个国家。
n. （法）厌倦，无聊；倦怠
 - boredom, taedium

Word: editorship
Front: editorship
['edɪtə'ʃɪp] (29314/22862)
Back: n. 编辑的地位职位
分布：编辑工作(51%)，编辑职位(40%)，校对(9%)
n. 编辑；校订；编辑或主笔地位
 - compilation, redaction

Word: enticement
Front: enticement
[ɪn'taɪsmənt] (22829/38972)
Back: n. 诱惑，怂恿
分布：诱惑(81%)，诱人(19%)
n. 诱惑；怂恿；引诱物；吸引力
 - appeal, charm

Word: enunciate
Front: enunciate
[ɪˈnʌnsieɪt] (托宝 16845/14512)
Vocabulary: enunciate
(once / 2463 pages)
v
Can't get your point across? Maybe you just need to speak more clearly or articulate your thoughts better — in short, enunciate.
Good enunciation is similar to pronunciation, but describes more specifically how clearly someone expresses themselves. The word enunciate is related to the Latin words for both "announce" and "messenger." So most likely those ancient Romans who created the word wanted a messenger who could announce things without mumbling, grumbling, and rambling.
WORD FAMILY
enunciate: enunciated, enunciates, enunciating, enunciation +/ enunciation: enunciations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sher’s inwardness is blocked by a wall of sublimely enunciated words.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
The play also enunciates its points a little too baldly in places.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 09, 2016)
It opens with a gathering squall, a pummeling snare drum and these carefully enunciated lyrics:
New York Times(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: vi. &vt. （清晰地）发音; 确切地说明
时态：enunciated, enunciating, enunciates
分布：清晰地发音(100%)
→e-, 向外。-nunc, 通知，词源同announce, nuncio. 引申义清晰的发音。
清楚表达(e出+nunci+ate→讲出来→清楚表达)[nounce,nunci=speak,表示"讲话,说出"]
【记】e出，nunci＝nounce说－说出来－清楚地表达
【参】announce（vt 宣布；通告）；denounce（v 谴责）；pronunciation（n 发音）；enunciation（n 阐明）
【反】mumble（n /v 喃喃而语；咕哝）
[ɪ'nʌnt.si.eɪt] formal
verb
PRONOUNCE 发音
intransitive or transitive
■to pronounce words or parts of words clearly 清楚地念（字）；清晰地发（音）
• He doesn't enunciate (his words) very clearly. 他（说话）发音不是太清晰。
[ɪ'nʌnt.si.eɪt] formal
verb
EXPLAIN 解释
transitive
■to state and explain a plan or principle clearly or formally 宣布，发表；阐明，表明
• In the speech, the leader enunciated his party's proposals for tax reform. 在演讲中，这位领导人阐明了该政党的税收改革计划。
vt. 发音；阐明；宣布
 - bill, illustrate
vi. 阐明；清晰地发音
 - shed light on, explain clearly

Word: faze
Front: faze
[feɪz] (宝 19253/37922)
Vocabulary: faze
(once / 22010 pages)
v
If nothing can faze you, you are unflappable. Nothing bothers you, or gets you off your game. To faze is to disrupt or disturb.
Faze is a new word, descending from a word that meant to frighten away. At basketball games, when a player is shooting a foul shot, fans behind the net will try to faze the player by waving towels and making loud noise. They are trying to disturb him, so that he misses the kind of shot he's made thousands of times before.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
faze / phase
To faze is to disturb, bother, or embarrass, but a phase is a stage or step. It could faze your family if your princess phase lasts well into your college years.
Faze entered English around 1830 through American English as a variant of feeze, to mean "frighten." It's often in the negative, like when your mellow brother is unfazed by your crazy Cinderella costumes. Don't let these examples faze you:
Gasser didn't seem fazed by his teammates' early shooting woes. (Seattle Times)
Morgan doesn't seem fazed by Google overwhelming influence in the tech world. (Forbes)
A phase is a stage, like the phases of the moon or the awkward phase of teenage rebellion. As a verb, it means to do something in stages, like to phase something in or out:
Education officials are now considering phasing out the middle school grades and possibly housing a new district or charter middle school in the same building. (New York Times)
We will finish Phase One, and then we will look at Phase Two," says Peter Voser, Shell's chief executive officer. (Business Week)
I never know if musicians see bands going through all these different phases the way outsiders or music critics do. (Time)
Confusing phase for faze is an error that usage guru Bryan Garner notes as being at stage 2 of language change: having spread to a "significant fraction of the language community" but remaining "unacceptable in standard usage." So don't get them mixed up.
To keep them straight: something that fazes or bothers you might make you want to fight, but please pass through your princess phase as soon as possible.
WORD FAMILY
faze: fazed, fazes, fazing
USAGE EXAMPLES
“He’s not fazed by the situation,” Martin said.
Seattle Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Nor is he fazed by the prospect of performing in front of 90,000 people at Wembley next spring.
The Guardian(Dec 11, 2016)
And they look like they won’t be fazed by that.
The Guardian(Dec 10, 2016)
Back: vt. 打扰，使担忧，烦扰
时态：fazed, fazing, fazes
分布：使担忧(40%)，使慌乱(40%)，使为难或紧张(20%)
→来自英语方言feeze, 警报，慌乱，来自pent, 走，离开，词源同path.
【记】又fa罚又ze责你，使你很狼狈faze象face又不是face，是一个被气的扭曲的face，因为被打扰读：痱子－大冬天的起一身痱子－很狼狈
【反】embolden（v 使大胆）；undisturbed（adj 镇定的；安静的）－fazed（adj 狼狈的；混乱的）
verb [T; not continuous] informal
■to surprise and worry someone 使慌乱；使担忧；使惊慌失措
• No one is fazed by the sight of guns here any more. 这里不会再有人见到枪就惊慌失措了。
vt. 打扰；使狼狈；折磨
 - harry, worry, trouble, tear

Word: extraneous
Front: extraneous
[ɪkˈstreɪniəs] (托宝 17572/21230)
Vocabulary: extraneous
(once / 4623 pages)
adj
Extraneous means coming from the outside, like the extraneous noise you hear when you're in a theater and a train passes by. Extraneous can also mean not relevant or essential, like all the extraneous information in your long-winded science report.
In Latin, extra means outside, as in extraordinary "outside the ordinary," or extraterrestrial 'coming from outside earth.' (Bonus points––ding! ding!––if you knew that terra is Latin for "earth.") The meaning of extraneous also extends to more abstract things that come from the outside: extraneous details are ones that don't matter.
WORD FAMILY
extraneous: extraneously, extraneousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
“There is less time for either extraneous or relevant events to occur.”
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
That design implementation literally baffles and minimizes extraneous sound in a room to keep the mic capturing audio from its focused voice or instrument.
Washington Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Stained-glass windows are closed to silence extraneous street noise — birdsong, bustling traffic on nearby Route 65, groundskeepers mowing grass.
Washington Times(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 外部的; 外来的; 无关的; 不相干的
分布：无关的(69%)，外来的(31%)
外来的(extra+aneous...的→从外面来的)[extra-表示"以外的,超过的"]
不相关的(extr+aneous表形容词→出去的→不相关的)[extr(e),exter=out表示"出去"]
外来的(extra外的)[-aneous表形容词"…有;...特征的"]
【记】extra（adj 额外的adv 特别地；非常n 号外；临时演员）
【反】relevant（adj 有关的；相关的）；apposite（adj 适当的）；intrinsic（adj 内在的；本质的）；essential（adj 本质的）；intuitive（adj 直觉的；天生的）
adjective
■not directly connected with or related to something 无直接关系的；无关的
• extraneous information 无关讯息
• These questions are extraneous to the issue being discussed. 这些问题和正在讨论的议题无关。
adj. 外来的；没有关联的；来自体外的
 - outside, exotic

Word: erasure
Front: erasure
[ɪˈreɪʒə(r)] (宝 22110/35280)
Vocabulary: erasure
(once / 10260 pages)
n
Erasure is the act of erasing, deleting, or removing something. It's tricky to write an essay on a typewriter instead of a computer, because it's hard to hide any erasures.
An erasure can be made, appropriately, by erasing pencilled words with an eraser, but there are many other kinds of erasure. You can experience an accidental erasure of a whole day's work by hitting the wrong button on your laptop, and you can choose to hide details of your past with the kind of erasure that involves leaving certain information out when you tell your story. The Latin root is eradere, "scrape off" or "remove."
WORD FAMILY
erasure: erasures+/erasable: unerasable/ erase: erasable, erased, eraser, erases, erasing, erasure /eraser: erasers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Trump’s was a campaign largely devoid of policy proposals, except for those of erasure and exclusion.
Salon(Dec 26, 2016)
But with every pursuit there is the danger of crossing a line, from invisibility to erasure.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
The authorities’ erasure of historical remnants is inscrutable and unpredictable.
The New Yorker(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: n. 擦掉，删去; 删掉的词; 消音; 抹音
分布：擦除(83%)，抹掉(17%)
n. 消除；涂擦的痕迹；消磁
 - removing, elimination

Word: exploiter
Front: exploiter
[eks'plɔɪtə] (28044/25898)
Vocabulary: exploiter
(once / 16103 pages)
n
An exploiter is a user, someone who takes advantage of other people or things for their own gain. Being an exploiter is selfish and unethical.
To exploit someone is to use them in a way that's wrong, like an employer who pays low wages but demands long hours. An exploiter is a person who treats others this way. Someone who runs a sweatshop that makes people work all day and night in the stifling heat for a tiny paycheck is an exploiter. Some say companies that burn a lot of oil are exploiters of the Earth.
WORD FAMILY
exploiter: exploiters+/ exploit: exploitation, exploitative, exploitatory, exploited, exploiter, exploiting, exploitive, exploits, overexploit/ exploitation: exploitations/exploitative: exploitatively/ exploited: unexploited/overexploit: overexploitation, overexploited, overexploiting
USAGE EXAMPLES
But other birds, which Marzluff called “adapters” or “exploiters,” will tolerate and even thrive around human development.
Seattle Times(Dec 28, 2016)
At the same time, Mr. Habsburg says, the government tarnished the reputation of the royal family “as the mean exploiters of the poor.”
Wall Street Journal(Nov 14, 2016)
Mr. Trump, he said, followed in a long line of exploiters who “just — rub — salt — in our wounds.”
New York Times(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: n. 开拓者，开发者
分布：剥削者(100%)
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable
■someone who uses other people or things for his or her own profit or advantage （出于私利）利用他人的人；剥削者
n. 开拓者；剥削者
 - trailblazer, pathfinder

Word: fructose
Front: fructose
[ˈfrʌktəʊs] (24821/-)
Vocabulary: fructose
(once / 41913 pages)
n
Fructose is a kind of sugar. You consume fructose every time you eat an apple or a bunch of grapes, or when you stir honey into your tea and take a sip.
Fructose is also known as "fruit sugar" because it's present in most types of fruit. Chemically, fructose is a simple or hexose sugar, one with six carbon atoms in it, and it's absorbed directly into your bloodstream when you eat it. It's also one of the very sweetest sugars. The word dates from 1857, from the Latin fructus, or "fruit," and the suffix -ose, used in chemical names of sugars.
WORD FAMILY
fructose
USAGE EXAMPLES
In one case, officers forced the company to buy fructose it didn’t need because they wanted to unload merchandise he suspected was ill-gotten.
Seattle Times(Dec 27, 2016)
In particular, the ability to digest fructose in processed foods declines.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
Agave has enjoyed a “health halo” for years, but this highly refined syrup contains even more fructose than high-fructose corn syrup, ironically.
Seattle Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 果糖
分布：果糖(100%)
→来自fructus, 果实，词源同fruit. -ose, 化学名词后缀，糖，词源同dextrose, glucose.
US [-toʊs] noun uncountable
■a type of sugar found in honey and many fruits （蜂蜜、果汁中的）果糖
n. [有化] 果糖；左旋糖
 - levulose, laevulose

Word: ferrous
Front: ferrous
[ˈferəs] (六宝 29567/34118)
Back: adj. 铁的，含铁的; [化学]亚铁的
分布：含铁的(100%)
→来自拉丁语ferrum,铁。
【记】ferr铁；ferry（n 渡船）是ferrous的
【参】ferrum（n 铁）；ferroconcrete（n 钢筋混凝土）
【反】containing no iron（不含铁的）
adjective specialized
■containing or relating to iron 含铁的；铁的
• ferrous metals/compounds 黑色金属／含铁化合物
adj. [化学] 亚铁的；铁的，含铁的
 - iron

Word: gainsay
Front: gainsay
[ˌgeɪnˈseɪ] (托宝 32959/34218)
Vocabulary: gainsay
(once / 3172 pages)
v
Gainsay, a verb, means "contradict" or "speak out against." When you challenge authority, you gainsay, as in teachers don't like it when unruly students gainsay them.
Gainsay comes from an Old English word that means "contradict" or "say against," as in, no one dared gainsay the principal, who is well-known for giving detention to students who so much as frown at him. If you know someone who constantly corrects others, tells them that they're wrong, and says, "That's not true," more than anyone else, you have first-hand experience with the art of the gainsay.
WORD FAMILY
gainsay: gainsaid, gainsayed, gainsaying, gainsays
USAGE EXAMPLES
But she framed her attack in a way no one could gainsay.
The Guardian(Oct 15, 2016)
There can be no gainsaying his message; it was impeccable.
Time(Jul 14, 2016)
But there’s no gainsaying the increasingly anti-Israel tilt of progressive politics.
Wall Street Journal(May 27, 2016)
Back: vt. 否认，反驳
时态：gainsaid, gainsaying, gainsays
分布：否认(54%)，反驳(46%)
→gain, 相反，来自again的原义，同against.
否认[gain=against(反对)]
【记】gain得到，say说：有一种同意的感觉，但是是否认的意思。
【反】speak in support of（支持）；concur（v 同意）；affirm（v 断言；肯定）
(gainsaid, gainsaid) formal
verb [T often in negatives]
■to refuse to accept something as the truth 否认；反驳；反对
• Certainly there's no gainsaying (= It is not possible to doubt) the technical brilliance of his performance. 无可否认，他的演奏技巧非常精湛。
vt. 反驳；否定
 - negative, deny
n. 否认；反对
 - contradiction, opposition, denial

Word: forbear
Front: forbear
[fɔ:ˈbeə(r)] (33036/35523)
Vocabulary: forbear
(once / 507 pages)
nv
A forbear is an ancestor or any person you are descended from, like your grandfather or your great, great, great, great grandfather.
The verb bear means to bring forth, as in to bear children. As a noun, forbear refers to a person that came before you. Your forbear can be someone you’ve known, but it can also refer to someone who came generations before you. As a verb, to forbear means to resist doing something or resist bringing it forth. You might forbear having children if you had thought your forbearers were cursed in some way.
WORD FAMILY
forbear: forbearance, forbearing, forbears, forbore, forborne+/ forbearance: forbearances/forbearing: forbearingly, unforbearing
USAGE EXAMPLES
Stone and Gosling are charming musical performers, but way less polished and ethereal than their cinematic forbears.
Washington Times(Dec 07, 2016)
Thus if the Democrats wish to preserve the filibuster, they will forbear from employing it.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 14, 2016)
She is a consummate leader: wry, forbearing, mature.
The Guardian(Nov 12, 2016)
Back: vi. <正>（尤指为表示礼貌或耐心而）克制，忍耐，容忍
时态：forbore, forborne, forbearing, forbears
分布：克制(55%)，忍耐(40%)，阻止(5%)
→for-, 完全的。bear,克制。forbear 克制，忍耐
US [fɔːrˈber]
(forbore, forborne) formal
■to prevent yourself from saying or doing something, especially in a way that shows control, good judgment or kindness to others 自制，克制
• His plan was such a success that even his original critics could scarcely forbear from congratulating him. 他的计划获得了巨大的成功，甚至那些原先的批评者们也禁不住向他表示祝贺。
• The doctor said she was optimistic about the outcome of the operation but forbore to make any promises at this early stage. 医生称她对手术结果持乐观态度，但在这一早期阶段不会作任何承诺。
noun countable usually plural UK [ˈfɔː.beər] US [ˈfɔːr.ber]
■a forebear
vt. 忍耐；克制
 - resist, tough
vi. 忍耐；克制
 - resist, to endure
n. 祖先
 - father, root

Word: fjord
Front: fjord
[fjɔ:d] (21776/24457)
Vocabulary: fjord
(once / 6701 pages)
n
A fjord is a long, narrow strip of sea that falls between tall cliffs. If you’re traveling in Norway you might be amazed by the rocky cliffs surrounding the deep water of a fjord.
A fjord is formed when a slow moving glacier carves out a valley in the earth that then becomes flooded by ocean water. Tall cliffs surrounding a narrow band of water make fjords look very dramatic. Fjords are common in countries like Norway, Iceland, and Greenland. The word fjord gets its looks from its Norwegian origins. Pronounce this funny looking word with a long “e” sound and the accent on the first syllable: “FEE-ord.”
WORD FAMILY
fjord: fjords
USAGE EXAMPLES
She also predicts a growth in tourism with ships entering newly ice-free fjords.
The Guardian(Dec 23, 2016)
We decided to visit the dolphin-dense fjords of Khasab, the peninsula’s port, three hours and two border crossings away by car.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Norwegians came to Kitsap Peninsula because it reminded them of fjord country.
Seattle Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: n. 峡湾，海岸峡江
分布：名词(100%)
→来自挪威语。来自per, 向前，穿过，语源同ford, firth.
US [fjɔ:rd] noun countable
■a long strip of sea between steep hills, found especially in Norway （尤指挪威的）峡湾
n. [地理] 峡湾（等于fiord）
 - forde, flord

Word: granary
Vocabulary: granary
(once / 3065 pages)
n
If you're wondering where to store your grain, the simple answer is — in a granary. Not much more to say, really. A granary is where grain is stored.
One clear way to remember the meaning of granary is that it sounds like what it is. If I were to ask you to invent a word that means "the place where grain is stored" you'd very likely come up with granary — though admittedly, the spelling is a little different. In the same way that wine comes from a winery, you'll find granaries the world over filled with, well, grain.
WORD FAMILY
granary: granaries
USAGE EXAMPLES
Others are turned into shops and granaries to store farm products.
BBC(Oct 14, 2016)
There are no chickens in the hen house, no grain in the granary or animals in the barn.
Washington Times(Oct 10, 2016)
Among the much-needed improvements made to the Granary Burying Ground include the restoration of the cemetery’s entryway and 1840 cast iron fence.
Washington Times(Sep 15, 2016)

Word: gecko
Front: gecko
[ˈgekəʊ] (24351/40509)
Back: n. 壁虎
分布：壁虎(100%)
→拟声词，模仿壁虎的叫声。
US [-oʊ] (plural geckos or geckoes)
noun countable
■a small lizard with wide feet, found especially in warm countries 壁虎
n. [脊椎] 壁虎
 - grebe

Word: gorgon

Word: gar
Front: gar
[ɡɑ:i] (30716/-)
Back: n. 长嘴硬鳞鱼，雀鳝属鱼，雀鳝
分布：雀鳝(50%)，颌针鱼(25%)，迫使(25%)

Word: gamesmanship
Front: gamesmanship
[ˈgeɪmzmənʃɪp] (28233/46258)
Back: n. 竞赛时使用的虽不光明但不犯规的方法
分布：搅乱战术(58%)，制胜绝招(42%)
['geɪmz.mən.ʃɪp] informal
noun uncountable
■the activity of trying to win a game by doing things that are not really breaking the rules but are intended to destroy the confidence of the other player 比赛战术，比赛策略（为赢得比赛而使用的挫败对手信心但并不犯规的方法）

Word: gramophone
Front: gramophone
[ˈgræməfəʊn] (六 28039/12457)
Vocabulary: gramophone
(once / 11808 pages)
n
A gramophone is an old type of record player. These days, a gramophone is a real antique.
A gramophone, like a cassette player, CD player, or MP3 player, is a device for playing music. A gramophone plays records: discs with grooves that are amplified by a needle. It's a relic today, but at one time this turntable device was the chief means by which recorded music made its way to the ears of home listeners. The word was originally a trademark, and inspired the Grammy Awards (originally the Gramophone Awards), which are over fifty years old.
WORD FAMILY
gramophone: gramophones
USAGE EXAMPLES
The upcoming 59th Grammy Awards will give out gold gramophone records to winners in over 80 categories on Feb. 12 at the Staples Center.
Reuters(Nov 29, 2016)
Soon after, competing companies released their own versions of the phonograph, including the Victor Talking Machine Company’s gramophone and Columbia’s graphophone.
Washington Times(Nov 13, 2016)
“It’s called a gramophone. Gramo. Phone. It plays records. You know, music. A gramophone.”
Khaled Hosseini, A Thousand Splendid Suns(2007)
Back: n. 留声机
分布：留声机(83%)，唱机(17%)
US [-foʊn] noun countable old-fashioned for
■ record player
n. [电子] 留声机
 - phono

Word: girdle
Front: girdle
[ˈgɜ:dl] (托宝 20948/20042)
Vocabulary: girdle
(once / 833 pages)
nv
A girdle is a tight-fitting undergarment that supports the lower body. The purpose of a girdle is to make a person's waist and stomach look smaller and firmer.
Girdles are thought of as old-fashioned ladies' underwear these days, though they are still worn by some — and many others wear "foundation garments" that are essentially modern girdles. Before the late 1960s, many women wore girdles, until the availability around that time of control-top pantyhose. Another kind of girdle is simply a ring that encircles something — a belt, a band of bark around a tree, or the Earth's equator.
WORD FAMILY
girdle: girdled, girdles, girdling
USAGE EXAMPLES
Yet from pelvis to chest, their deportment is so unyieldingly erect that they might be wearing girdles.
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
The latest candidate is Pluto, the most famous inhabitant of the Kuiper belt, a girdle of asteroids that orbit the sun beyond Neptune.
Economist(Nov 17, 2016)
“Only one edge of the pelvis was exposed, and the pelvic girdle looked like a set of eagle’s wings in the rock.”
New York Times(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: n. （支持四肢的）带; 腰带; 环形物; 妇女紧身褡
vt. 围绕，包围
时态：girdled, girdling, girdles
分布：腰带(84%)，围绕物(8%)，在 ... 周围绕(4%)，以腰带束缚(4%)
→来自gird, 围，绕。
【记】gird（v 束缚；束腰）er－腰带读：格斗－格斗之前要勒紧腰带
【区】girth[SAT]（n 周长；腰身）＝circumference；小孩birth后要测girth
US ['gɝ:-] noun
countable old-fashioned
■a piece of underwear for women worn around the waist and bottom that stretches to shape the body 紧身褡
countable old use
■a long strip of cloth worn tied around the waist 腰带
countable usually singular literary
■something which surrounds another thing 环绕物
UK ['gɜ:.dl] US ['gɝ:-] verb transitive literary
■to surround something 环绕…
• a garden girdled by oak trees 橡树环绕的花园
n. [古生] 腰带；围绕物；妇女紧身褡
 - waist belt, waistband
vt. 围绕；绕…而行；用带子捆扎
 - tape, enclose

Word: haptics
Front: haptics
['hæptɪks] (46353/-)
Back: n. 触觉论
分布：触觉论(100%)

Word: herdsman
Front: herdsman
[ˈhɜ:dzmən] (宝 26495/22544)
Back: n. 牧人
分布：牧民(100%)
US ['hɝ:dz-] noun countable
■a man who takes care of a large group of animals of the same type 放牧人
n. 牧人
 - wrangler, vaquero

Word: gunk
Front: gunk
[gʌŋk] (26371/-)
Back: n. 无特殊形状的一堆，黏性物质
分布：泥状物质(100%)
n. 泥状物质；黏性物质；无特殊形状之一堆
 - emplastic

Word: heredity
Front: heredity
[həˈredəti] (托 20183/22600)
Vocabulary: heredity
(once / 439 pages)
n
Heredity is the biological process responsible for passing on physical traits from one generation to another. If your mom and dad both have dreamy blue eyes and so do you, then you've got hereditary to thank for your movie-star gaze.
First used in the 1530s, the noun heredity comes from the Latin word hereditatem, meaning "condition of being an heir." It can refer to inheriting characteristics from your parents, or it can refer more broadly to the passing on of genetic factors from one generation to the next. Heredity will determine a person's hair color and height. And due to heredity, some people are more susceptible to diseases and disorders like cancer, alcoholism, and depression.
WORD FAMILY
heredity: hereditary, heredities+/ hereditary: hereditarily, nonhereditary
USAGE EXAMPLES
The site is about 100 yards from what was the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics in the Nazi era.
Washington Post(Sep 01, 2016)
Powerful because of the question of heredity and identity, which is a central question that animates this book.
National Geographic(Jul 24, 2016)
But some of it is heredity and some of it is body type and some of it, probably, is chance.
New York Times(Jun 06, 2016)
Back: n. 遗传; 遗传性
分布：遗传(98%)，遗传特征(2%)
→来自拉丁语heres,继承，词源同heir,heiress,来自ghe,留下，遗留。
noun uncountable
■the process by which characteristics are given from a parent to their child through the genes 遗传
• Diet and exercise can influence a person's weight, but heredity is also a factor. 节食和运动可以影响一个人的体重，而遗传也是一个因素。
n. [遗] 遗传，遗传性
 - inheritance, descendiblity

Word: graz

Word: humourless
Front: humourless
[ˈhju:mələs] (-/21870)
Back: adj. 缺乏幽默感的一本正经的
分布：缺乏幽默感的(84%)，一本正经的.(16%)
US [-mɚ-] UK (US humorless)
adjective
■having no humour 缺乏幽默感的
adj. 缺乏幽默感的；一本正经的
 - priggish, poker-faced

Word: honor
Front: honor
[ˈɒnə(r)] (研托 2057/27977)
Vocabulary: honor
(once / 51 pages)
nv
Honor has many uses, all of them good. If you are called a man of honor, you are respected. If someone honors you, they recognize and award you for your achievements.
The term honor has always been a word used to describe men and women of high moral worth or great achievement. It can be used as either a noun or verb, and in many different settings. People graduate from college with honor, meaning they have outstanding grades. A woman of honor is pure and decent. Soldiers are buried with full military honors, which means they are given gun salutes and trumpet calls and the nation's fullest respect.
WORD FAMILY
honor: dishonor, honorable, honorary, honored, honoree, honoring, honors+/ dishonor: dishonorable, dishonored, dishonoring, dishonors/ dishonorable: dishonorableness, dishonorably, dishonourably/ honorable: honorableness, honorablest, honorably/ honorary: honorarily/honoree: honorees
USAGE EXAMPLES
He was recently honored by Liverpool for his work.
Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017)
In addition to his football exploits, Kaaya was tapped into Miami's “Iron Arrow” honor society earlier this year.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Many floats honored the natural world and the benefits of science.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Back: n. 尊敬; 光荣; 节操; 荣誉
v. 尊敬; 给予表扬; 信守; 执行
时态：honored, honoring, honors
分布：荣誉(56%)，荣幸(23%)，尊敬(11%)，信用(3%)，正直(3%)，兑现(2%)，对...表示敬意(1%)，贞洁(1%)
n.(honour)尊敬,敬意;荣誉,光荣v.尊敬He's an honor to his parents.他的父母以他为荣.
US ['ɑ:.nɚ] noun US for honour
fame, honor, reputation
这些词都可表名声。
fame: 是常用词，一般指好的名声。如：He was not anxious for fame.(他并不渴望成名。)
honor: 荣誉，尊敬，指受到公众崇敬的荣誉和光荣。如：This is an honor more than I can deserve.(这光荣我受之有愧。)
reputation: 名誉，指公众对某人的看法，可好可坏。如：He has a reputation for laziness.(他的懒惰出了名。)
n. 荣誉；信用；头衔
 - glory, credit, title
vt. 尊敬（等于honour）；给…以荣誉
 - regard, esteem, worship

Word: hermetically
Front: hermetically
[hɜ:'metɪklɪ] (24827/37196)
Back: adv. 密封地，炼金术地
分布：密封地(60%)，不透气地(40%)
adv. 密封地，不透气地；炼金术地
 - alchemistically

Word: highlander

Word: hummingbird
Front: hummingbird
[ˈhʌmɪŋbɜ:d] (托 14998/29154)
Back: n. 蜂鸟
分布：蜂鸟(100%)
→humming,嗡嗡声，bird,鸟。因这种鸟的翅膀扇动时发出嗡嗡声而得名。
【记】humming（vbl 嗡嗡叫），bird（n 鸟）一蜂鸟
US [-bɝ:d] noun countable
■a very small brightly coloured bird with a long thin beak whose wings move very fast and make a humming noise 蜂鸟
n. [鸟] 蜂鸟
 - trochilus, wood nymph

Word: homme

Word: hutch
Front: hutch
[hʌtʃ] (21197/26163)
Back: n. 养小动物的圈栏（尤指兔箱）; 笼; 茅屋; 小舍
vt. 把…装箱
分布：小屋(100%)
→来自古法语huche,柜子，来自拉丁语hutica,柜子，箱子，来自skeu,隐藏，遮盖，词源同hut,house.现主要用于指养兔子等小动物的笼子或柜子，在家具行业也指抽屉柜。
noun countable
■a box made of wood with a wire front where small animals such as rabbits are kept （养兔子等小动物的正面有金属网的）笼，舍，棚
n. 笼；小屋；贮藏箱；矿车
 - cage, shed

Word: hwan

Word: inbred
Front: inbred
[ˌɪnˈbred] (28975/24302)
Back: adj. 天生的; 近亲繁殖的
v. 生育，生产( inbreed的过去式和过去分词 )
分布：天生的(59%)，近亲繁殖的(41%)
→来自inbreed,近亲繁殖。
US ['--] adjective
ESTABLISHED 确定的
■describes a quality or characteristic firmly established in a person 确定不移的，坚定的
• an inbred sense of right and wrong 坚定不移的是非观
• inbred racism 根深蒂固的种族主义思想
UK [ˌɪn'bred] US ['--] adjective
RELATED 相关联的
■produced by breeding between closely related plants, animals or people 近亲繁殖的
• an inbred population/family/strain 近亲繁殖的人口／近亲繁殖的家庭／同系交配的品种
adj. 天生的；近亲交配的
 - born, natural

Word: hydrate
Front: hydrate
[ˈhaɪdreɪt] (宝 20682/46865)
Back: n. 水合物
vt. & vi. （使）水合
时态：hydrated, hydrating, hydrates
分布：水化物(100%)
→hydr-,水，-ate,使。即给水，使吸收水分。
水化n.水合物(hydr+ate→变成水,水化)[hydy,hydro=water,表示"水"]
【参】hydroelectric（adj 水力电气的；水力发电的）
【反】desiccate（v 使变干）sicc（一C再C而si）
noun countable specialized
■a chemical that contains water 水合物；水化物
n. [化学] 水合物；氢氧化物
 - oxyhydrate

Word: inanimate
Front: inanimate
[ɪnˈænɪmət] (托宝 16370/14461)
Vocabulary: inanimate
(once / 1942 pages)
1adj 2adj
Inanimate describes a non-living thing. Chairs, baseballs, sofa cushions and sadly, snowmen, are all inanimate objects.
We can break inanimate down into two Latin roots: in, which means “not,” and animatus, which translates to “alive.” So inanimate means simply, "not alive." That include things that are recently dead, things that were never alive to begin with, and things that simply look dead: A bear in hibernation may appear inanimate due to its decreased heart rate, but don’t be fooled — it’s very much alive.
WORD FAMILY
inanimate: inanimately, inanimateness+/ animate: animated, animateness, animates, animating, animatingly, animation, animator, inanimate, reanimate / animated: animatedly, unanimated/ animation: animations/ animator: animators/ reanimate: reanimated, reanimates, reanimating
USAGE EXAMPLES
In each, a lone actor sits at a table and re-tells one of the playwright’s complex dramas using inanimate kitchen objects.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Murray railed at himself and everything else, inanimate objects and those breathing heavily on his behalf throughout the packed arena, in good moments and bad.
The Guardian(Nov 19, 2016)
The resulting pictures show inanimate objects caught up in restless movement: some circle, some gather, some dip.
The New Yorker(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 无生命的; 无生气的; 无精打采的; 单调的
分布：无生命的(100%)
→in-,不，非，animate,有生命的。
无生命的(in无＋anim+ate生命)[anim=life,spirit,表示"生命,精神"等]
无生命的(in无+anim生命)[-ate 1.表动词"做,造成"2.表形容词"具有…的"3.表名词"人或地位"]
【记】animate（v 鼓舞adj 生气勃勃的）源于：animal（n 动物；牲畜）
【参】unanimous（adj 意见一致的；想法一致的）
adjective
■having none of the characteristics of life that an animal or plant has 无生命的
• He looks at me as if I'm an inanimate object. 他看着我的样子好像我是个没有生命的物体。
adj. [医] 无生命的；无生气的
 - dead, lifeless

Word: immobilise

Word: impure
Front: impure
[ɪmˈpjʊə(r)] (托 23085/22807)
Back: adj. 掺杂的; 掺假的; 脏的; 不纯洁的
分布：不纯的(67%)，肮脏的(20%)，渎神的(13%)
→im-,不，非，pure,纯的。即不纯的，有杂质的。
不纯的(im不+pure)[Pur,purg=pure,表示"纯洁"]
US [-'pjʊr] adjective
MIXED 混杂的
■mixed with other substances and therefore lower in quality 不纯的；劣质的
• impure heroin/gold 不纯的海洛因／黄金
UK [ɪm'pjʊər] US [-'pjʊr] adjective
BAD 劣质 literary or humorous
■involving sexual thoughts or behaviour that are wrong or not moral 不纯洁的，淫秽的
• She was accused of having impure thoughts about her male students. 她被指责对她的男学生怀有淫邪念头。
adj. 不纯的；肮脏的；道德败坏的
 - filthy, sordid

Word: incognito
Front: incognito
[ˌɪnkɒgˈni:təʊ] (28143/33955)
Vocabulary: incognito
(once / 4645 pages)
advadj
When you want to do something and not be recognized, go incognito — hiding your true identity.
It is funny that the words, recognize and incognito, are both related to the Latin verb, cognoscere, "to get to know" because when you do something incognito, you do not want to be recognized. Celebrities often try to go out or travel incognito so that they may have some privacy, whereas an average person might want to remain incognito in order to observe something they might not otherwise be able to see (like a celebrity).
WORD FAMILY
incognito: incognitos
USAGE EXAMPLES
A family concert with the NSO features a work based on a children’s book about Bell’s experience playing incognito in the D.C.
Washington Post(Dec 28, 2016)
Richie Incognito’s bullying of Jonathan Martin when the two were teammates on the Miami Dolphins highlighted the ugly and very real consequences of such behavior.
Washington Times(Dec 13, 2016)
On Chrome, the second paragraph of the “incognito” home screen is clear.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: adj. 化装的，用假名的，隐匿姓名身份的
adv. 化装地；用假名地，隐姓埋名地
n. 微装出游的人；用假名的人
分布：隐姓埋名地(36%)，隐姓埋名(28%)，化名的(12%)，化名(9%)，隐姓埋名的(9%)，匿名地(6%)
→来自意大利语，in-,不，非，-cogn,知道，知晓，词源同know,cognizance.引申词义伪装，隐姓埋名。
【记】in不，cogn认识，ito－不认识－隐姓埋名
【参】incognizant（adj 没意识到的）；recognize（vt 认可；赏识）
US [-kɑ:g'ni:.tˌoʊ] adverb
■avoiding being recognized, by changing your name or appearance 隐姓埋名地；隐藏身分地
• The prince often travelled abroad incognito. 王子常常隐藏身分到国外旅行。
n. 匿名者；微行者
 - anonymity

Word: inquirer
Front: inquirer
[ɪn'kwaɪərə] (21352/40990)
Back: n. 询问的人，探究的人，调查者
分布：调查者(40%)，探究者(40%)，寻问者(20%)
US [-'kwaɪr.ɚ] noun countable formal
■someone who asks about something 询问者；打听消息者
n. [法] 调查者；询问者
 - investigator, researchist

Word: intercede
Front: intercede
[ˌɪntəˈsi:d] (托宝 18971/23317)
Vocabulary: intercede
(once / 1078 pages)
v
When you intercede, you try to help people work out their differences or achieve something, like when you intercede on your friend's behalf to encourage your boss to hire him, or when feuding friends ask you to intercede, guiding them to sort out their differences.
The verb intercede comes from the Latin root words inter, meaning "between," and cedere, meaning "go." Acting as a go-between is exactly what you do when you intercede. Maybe you are the peacemaker, or you play matchmaker, or you just bring people to work out their problems. Sometimes people pray that God will intercede in their lives, meaning bring change that improves a situation.
WORD FAMILY
intercede: interceded, intercedes, interceding, intercession +/ intercession: intercessions
USAGE EXAMPLES
“My spirit will intercede for you, so that Chukwu will send a good man to take care of you and the children.”
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Now Herb, who has known my brother for 40 years, intercedes.
New York Times(Nov 04, 2016)
PB: “Yes, but if the decision was taken internationally to intercede on the ground, would you commit British troops?”
The Guardian(Oct 28, 2016)
Back: vi. 斡旋，调解; 说情
时态：interceded, interceding, intercedes
分布：调解(53%)，说情(37%)，仲裁(10%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，-ced,走，词源同access,precede.即走进去，引申词义求情，说理。
调停;仲裁(inter在...中间＋cede→在二者中间走→调解)[ced,ceed,cess=go,表示"行走,前进"]
US [-tˌɚ-] verb intransitive
■to use your influence to persuade someone in authority to save someone else from punishment or to obtain forgiveness for this person （为某人）求情，说情
• Several religious leaders have interceded with the authorities on behalf of the condemned prisoner. 一些宗教领袖替这个被判刑的犯人向当局求情。
vi. 调解，调停；求情，说项
 - make peace, go between

Word: ironclad
Front: ironclad
['aɪənklæd] (宝 20640/-)
Vocabulary: ironclad
(once / 6463 pages)
adjn
Something ironclad is either covered in iron for protection or protected in a different way. An ironclad guarantee can’t be broken or taken back.
Originally, this word was very literal: an ironclad battleship was clad (covered) in iron. Since then, this word is more metaphorical, though it still applies to things you can trust. An ironclad contract is unbreakable. An ironclad promise can be believed wholeheartedly. If you were arrested on ironclad charges, you’re going to be found guilty.
WORD FAMILY
ironclad: ironclads
USAGE EXAMPLES
Why are we supposed to believe, as ironclad certainties, the judgment of intelligence officials who recently failed to anticipate the rise of Islamic State?
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
The statement reaffirmed Washington’s “ironclad commitment” to defend its allies, using “the full spectrum of US extended deterrence capabilities.”
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
Islamic State did not appear to demand such ironclad commitments.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 装甲的; <美>严格的
n. 装甲舰
分布：铁甲舰(51%)，坚固的(33%)，装铁甲的(16%)
→iron,铁，clad,覆盖的。即铁覆盖的，引申词义装甲的，可靠的。
【记】iron（n 铁），clad（vt 在金属外覆以另一种金属）原指：19世纪两则用金属片作为护甲的战舰－十分坚固的
adj. 装甲的；打不破的；坚固的
 - armored, steel-clad

Word: internationalise

Word: insufferable
Front: insufferable
[ɪnˈsʌfrəbl] (托 24043/33884)
Vocabulary: insufferable
(once / 3154 pages)
adj
If something is insufferable, it's unbearable and impossible, like the insufferable humidity of the "rain forest room" at the zoo on a hot summer day.
You can see the word suffer in insufferable — and it's no coincidence. If it's unacceptable or too much to handle, it's insufferable. An egotistic co-worker is insufferable, and so is a blizzard that leaves six-foot drifts against the doors of your house, or insufferable working conditions in many of the factories that produce goods around the world.
WORD FAMILY
insufferable: insufferably+/ suffer: sufferable, sufferance, suffered, sufferer, suffering, suffers/sufferable: insufferable, sufferably, unsufferable/ sufferance: sufferances/sufferer: sufferers/ suffering: sufferingly, sufferings/unsufferable: unsufferably
USAGE EXAMPLES
Now, if you ask me, theologians are not too far removed from the insufferable cloistered scribes of the nation’s greatest newspaper.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
In the revival, Rory, as many have pointed out, has become insufferable — a disappointment to the fans that used to look up to her.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
“You have to make choices, or it becomes insufferably large,” Mr. Spiegler said.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 难以忍受的，令人不能容忍的
分布：令人无法忍受的(100%)
→in-,不，非，suffer，忍受。
【记】suffer（vt 遭受；忍受）
US [-ɚ-] adjective
■very annoying, unpleasant or uncomfortable, and therefore extremely difficult to bear 难以忍受的，不能容忍的
• She disliked the president, whom she once described as an 'insufferable bore'. 她不喜欢总裁，曾经说他是个“令人难以忍受的讨厌家伙”。
• The metro is insufferable in this heat. 这么热的天坐地铁让人无法忍受。
adj. 难以忍受的；不可忍受的；令人厌恶的
 - impossible, ugly, unbearable

Word: joneses

Word: journeyman
Front: journeyman
[ˈdʒɜ:nimən] (21657/22662)
Vocabulary: journeyman
(once / 3088 pages)
n
A journeyman is someone who's advanced beyond being an apprentice, but who works for someone else. A journeyman who works for a stone mason is fairly experienced at masonry.
If you're a journeyman, you're a person who is skilled at a trade or a craft, possibly one who began as an apprentice to an experienced artisan or worker. As a journeyman, a glassblower or stone carver or carpenter has enough skill to do the job well, but hasn't gone into business for herself yet. Journeyman comes from the Vulgar Latin root of journey, diurnum, "day," and man, "person."
WORD FAMILY
journeyman: journeymen
USAGE EXAMPLES
Journeyman type Matt McGloin will start against a Broncos defense looking to play spoiler.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
You’ll see an oldie — journeyman Josh Johnson — at quarterback for the Giants most of the time Sunday.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
The journeyman completed 13 of 24 passes for 124 yards, with a touchdown and an interception.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. 学徒期满的职工，熟练工人
分布：熟练工人(66%)，计日工(23%)，可靠能干但不出色的工人(11%)
→来自journey的原义，一天的工作，man,人。用来指过去学徒期满的学徒工，终于可以按天收到工钱。
US ['dʒɝ:-] noun countable old-fashioned
■a skilled worker who is qualified to work at their particular job and who usually works for someone else 雇佣；短工
■any worker who produces good, but not excellent work 熟练工人；老手
n. [劳经] 熟练工人；短工；学徒期满的职工
 - skilled labor, skilled labour

Word: judo
Front: judo
[ˈdʒu:dəʊ] (22628/22325 -1)
Back: n. <日>柔道
分布：柔道(100%)
→来自日本汉语，ju,柔，do,道。
US [-doʊ] noun uncountable
■a sport in which two people fight using their arms and legs and hands and feet, and try to throw each other to the ground 柔道
• He's a black belt (= has the highest level of skill) in/at judo. 他是柔道黑带高手。
n. （日）柔道
 - jiu-jitsu

Word: jailbreak
Front: jailbreak
[ˈdʒeɪlbreɪk] (43886/-)
Back: n. 越狱，逃狱
vt. （对手机，特别是iPhone等电子产品所做的）破解; （对手机，特别是iPhone等电子产品所做的）破解
分布：越狱(78%)，逃狱(22%)
→jail,监狱，break,打碎。比喻用法。
(UK old-fashioned gaolbreak) ['dʒeɪl.breɪk] noun countable
■an escape from prison 越狱
• Three prisoners were involved in a dawn jailbreak today. 三名犯人参与了今天破晓时的越狱。
n. 越狱
 - gaol-break, breakout

Word: knave
Front: knave
[neɪv] (宝 29367/23768)
Vocabulary: knave
(once / 709 pages)
1n 2n
You don't hear about knaves much these days: it's an older word for a rascal, a scoundrel, or a rogue. It isn't a compliment.
If you read Shakespeare for long, you'll definitely see the word knave more than once. In Shakespeare, an important person like a king or a prince might call a thief a knave. Knaves always tend to be up to trouble such as stealing and getting drunk. You don't want to trust a knave; knaves lie, deceive, and betray. Today, we might call a knave a scumbag or lowlife.
WORD FAMILY
knave: knavery, knaves, knavish+/knavery: knaveries/knavish: knavishly
USAGE EXAMPLES
They also portray the King of Hearts and the King of Knaves.
Washington Times(Nov 18, 2016)
“I—I must say yes. But the specter—” “Just answer the questions, knave!” the ghost said.
Rick Riordan, The Battle of the Labyrinth(2008)
“That dark, designing, sordid, ambitious, vain, proud, arrogant and vindictive knave,” Revolutionary War General Charles Lee said in 1779 of soon-to-be President George Washington.
Time(Apr 28, 2016)
Back: n. 恶棍，无赖; （纸牌中的）杰克
分布：无赖(78%)，出身卑微的人(11%)，纸牌中的J(11%)
→来自古英语cnafa,小伙，仆人，来自Proto-Germanic*knabo,小伙，年青人，来自gnebh,压，压紧，来自*gen的扩大形式，压，弯，捏，成团，词源同knob,knead.其原义可能为一块木头，圆棍，年青人或培训期的骑士所持有的武器，而乡绅或贵族通常持刀剑。参照bachelor,年青人，词源同bacillus,杆菌。
【记】k不，nave＝na?ve（adj 天真的）－不天真的人－流氓
[neɪv] old use
noun countable
■a dishonest man 不诚实的人；恶棍
■* a jack (CARD)
n. 无赖；流氓；（纸牌中的）杰克
 - Jack, cad

Word: kinsey

Word: limerick
Front: limerick
[ˈlɪmərɪk] (宝 26891/24831 -1)
Vocabulary: limerick
(once / 93805 pages)
n
A limerick is a humorous form of poetry that rhymes and has five lines. Many limericks are dirty.
When you study literature, you'll probably read some sonnets, sestinas, haiku, and plays written in verse: there might not be much attention given to limericks. That's because limericks are a more popular, non-literary form of poetry: they're mainly humorous and often sexual. A limerick has five lines and follows the rhyme scheme aabba, using what is called anapestic meter (which has to do with syllables). Many limericks involve a man from Nantucket, usually doing something unprintable with a bucket.
WORD FAMILY
limerick: limericks
USAGE EXAMPLES
This is where artists and writers gathered to perform serious poetry, recite dirty limericks, or deliver anarchist manifestos.
Seattle Times(Nov 22, 2016)
The musings are written in haiku, free verse, limerick and rhyme.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 18, 2016)
The limerick - the key parts of which we cannot reprint here - won the Spectator magazine's "President Erdogan Offensive Poetry Competition" in May.
BBC(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 五行打油诗（一种通俗幽默短诗，有五行组成，韵式为aabba）
分布：五行打油诗(100%)
→爱尔兰地名，通常认为来自在1896年在Limerick举行的一次诗人聚会上，有人提议轮流用“will you come up to Limerick”起头做一首打油诗，因而引申该词义。
【记】源于：利默尼里克，爱尔兰西南部一地区，以出产精美的绣花边闻名，在该城有一首连续唱5遍的歌“Will you come up to Limerick”－五行打油诗
US [-ɚ-] noun countable
■a humorous poem with five lines 五行打油诗

Word: kirsch
Front: kirsch
[kɪə(r)ʃ] (-/39847)
Back: n. 樱桃酒
分布：樱桃酒(100%)
US [kɪrʃ] noun countable or uncountable
■a strong alcoholic drink made from cherries 樱桃白兰地
n. 樱桃白兰地（樱桃发酵后经蒸馏制成，等于wasser）
 - cherry brandy

Word: lipid
Front: lipid
[ˈlɪpɪd] (托 22299/13527)
Back: n. <生化>脂质
分布：脂质(86%)，油脂(14%)
→来自希腊语lipos,脂肪，来自leip,脂肪，油脂，粘附，词源同adipose,leave,liver.
['lɪp.ɪd] specialized
noun countable
■a substance such as a fat, oil or wax that dissolves in alcohol but not in water and is an important part of living cells 脂，脂质
n. [生化] 脂质；油脂
 - axunge, grease

Word: lilac
Front: lilac
[ˈlaɪlək] (16697/19662 -1)
Back: n. [植]丁香花属，丁香花，紫丁香; 丁香紫，淡紫色
adj. 丁香紫的淡紫色的
分布：淡紫色(47%)，紫丁香(36%)，淡紫色的(17%)
→来自阿拉伯语lilak,来自nilak的拼写异体，nil,靓蓝，词源同aniline.引申词义丁香花，因其蓝色的花瓣而得名。
noun countable or uncountable
PLANT 植物
■a bush or small tree with sweet-smelling purple or white flowers 丁香
• The lilacs are in bloom. 丁香开花了。
['laɪ.lək] noun countable or uncountable
COLOUR 颜色
■a pale colour between pink and purple 丁香紫色，淡紫色（介于粉红色和紫色之间）
['laɪ.lək] adjective
■having a pale colour between pink and purple 淡紫色（的），丁香紫（的）
n. 淡紫色； [植] 丁香花；紫丁香
 - mauve, heliotrope
adj. 淡紫色的
 - violescent, orchid

Word: klamath

Word: kimono
Front: kimono
[kɪˈməʊnəʊ] (16111/26225)
Vocabulary: kimono
(once / 7247 pages)
n
A kimono is a lightweight Japanese robe. You might buy a kimono as a gift for your mom when you travel to Tokyo.
A traditional kimono is nearly floor length, loose-fitting and with very wide sleeves. The cloth belt that ties around the waist of a kimono is called an obi. Both men and women wear kimonos, though they're more frequently worn by women. The word kimono literally means "a thing to wear" or "a thing to put on," from the Japanese roots ki, "wear," and mono, "thing."
WORD FAMILY
kimono: kimonos
USAGE EXAMPLES
We were exploring that when a man named Thomas entered the room, wearing an olive-green kimono.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
In the hotel lobby, there was a lovely Japanese woman in formal traditional dress—an embroidered cream-colored floor-length kimono and sandals.
The New Yorker(Dec 14, 2016)
I eagerly await Chaffetz’s news conference reiterating his kimono policy, since he made very clear that he sees his role as nonpartisan.
Washington Post(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: n. （日本的）和服; 和服式女晨衣
分布：和服(93%)，和服式女晨衣(7%)
→来自日本式汉语，ki,着，mono,物，即穿着的衣物。
US [-'moʊ.noʊ] (plural kimonos)
noun countable
■a long loose piece of outer clothing with very wide sleeves, traditionally worn by the Japanese （日本的）和服

Word: lithe
Front: lithe
[laɪð] (托宝 17946/21742)
Vocabulary: lithe
(once / 1710 pages)
adj
Have you ever seen people who can bend so easily, they can touch their heels to the back of their heads? That person is, in a word, lithe.
Lithe comes to us from Old English and originally meant "mild, meek." As a meek person bends to the will of others, the meaning of lithe has broadened to flexible and even graceful. Think of a dancer or the ease of a sleek cat when you think of lithe. You can use it to describe a person or the way someone moves.
WORD FAMILY
lithe: lithely, litheness, lither, lithesome, lithest+/ lithesome: lithesomely
USAGE EXAMPLES
Robinson, a lithe shooting guard with a quick release, spent one year at Williams, an N.C.A.A.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
His customarily lithe bass-baritone skews here toward an inky, glowering darkness, and his interpretation throughout is freighted with tragic import.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
In the era of hip-hop yoga and handstands on Instagram, it’s easy to associate yoga with impossibly lithe and limber young people.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 柔软的，易弯曲的; 绵; 轻盈
分布：柔软的(60%)，易弯的(20%)，轻盈的(20%)
→来自lent,弯曲，词源同linden,relent,可能进一步来自le,松开，放开，词源同let,lenient.
【记】li＝like，the是“神”的词根：象神一样会变－身体柔软的。
【区】blithe（adj 愉快的；高兴的）
【反】awkward（adj 难使用的；笨拙的）；inelastic（adj 无弹性的）
adjective
■young, healthy, attractive and able to move and bend smoothly 柔韧而优雅的，轻巧自如的
• He had the lithe, athletic body of a ballet dancer. 他的身体像芭蕾舞演员一样柔韧优雅。
adj. 轻盈的（等于lithesome）；柔软的；易弯曲的
 - flexible, soft, tender

Word: lonesome
Front: lonesome
[ˈləʊnsəm] (15486/35057)
Vocabulary: lonesome
(once / 1153 pages)
adj
When you're lonesome, you feel sad about being by yourself, and you miss the company of other people. It's entirely possible to feel lonesome even when you're in a crowd.
Living alone on an island might sound appealing sometimes, but it would probably be pretty lonesome in reality. Good elementary school teachers pay attention to which kids look a little lonesome during recess, especially at the beginning of the school year, and match them up with a pal. Lonesome means "lonely," although it's uncommon outside of the US.
WORD FAMILY
lonesome: lonesomely, lonesomeness, lonesomer, lonesomest+/ lone: lonesome, lonest
USAGE EXAMPLES
The brand partnered with an Austin, Texas-based collective called Fort Lonesome to do the custom embroidery on the personalization tour.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Taylor sang “That Lonesome Road” at his burial on the Vineyard.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
It also includes period parlor games, Civil War soldier impersonators and old-time music by the Lonesome Fiddle Ramblers.
Washington Times(Dec 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 孤单的，人迹稀少的; 寂; 寂寥
分布：寂寞的(81%)，偏僻的(11%)，孤单的(8%)
→lone,孤独的，-some,形容词后缀。
孤独的(lone单独)[-some表形容词"充满…的,具有...倾向的"]
US ['loʊn-] US
adjective
■ lonely
■by/on your lonesome
■alone 独自地，单独地
• I was just sitting here all by my lonesome. 我只是一个人坐在这里。
solitary, desolate, lonely, alone, lonesome
solitary: 独居的，独自的
desolate: 指某地无人烟的，荒凉的
lonely: 偏重一种主观感受上的“寂寞” lonely和solitary可用以形容很少有人到的偏僻地方。
alone: 和solitary都用以形容一人或一事物与他人或他事物相分离，二者形容的人可能是其本人愿意如此，这两个词并无不愉快的含义。
lonesome: 孤独的 lonely和lonesome指并非本人愿意如此，含有不愉快之意。
adj. 寂寞的；人迹稀少的
 - doleful
n. 自己
 - self

Word: loftily
Front: loftily
['lɒftɪlɪ] (35691/34759)
Back: adv. 高，崇高地，傲慢地; 岿然; 傲然
分布：傲慢地(60%)，高尚地(40%)
adv. 高尚地；傲慢地
 - sublimely, proudly

Word: lodestar
Front: lodestar
['ləʊdstɑ:(r)] (36080/-)
Vocabulary: lodestar
(once / 51389 pages)
n
When a sailor uses a star to navigate by, it's called a lodestar. The most commonly used lodestar is the bright and easily spotted Polaris, also known as the North Star.
Navigating on a clear night at sea, you'll need a lodestar to guide you so you always know what direction you're going. Something that similarly guides you through life and its tricky decisions can also be called a lodestar. This might be a mentor or some other person who helps you figure out which direction to go, or a guiding principle. Lodestar, "star that leads the way," uses the "way or course" meaning of lode.
WORD FAMILY
lodestar: lodestars
USAGE EXAMPLES
All of this is in line with Putin as a lodestar for a movement of white nationalists, right-wing populists, and outright Nazis.
Slate(Dec 20, 2016)
For the past three decades or so, businesspeople have been able to steer by a few lodestars.
Economist(Nov 16, 2016)
Massachusetts Senator Elizabeth Warren, a lodestar for liberal Americans, urged supporters to resist Trump.
The Guardian(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 北极星
分布：北极星(70%)，指导原理(15%)，指示方向之星(15%)
→lode,引导，star,星。引申词义北极星，指导原则。
US ['loʊd.stɑ:r] noun only singular
■a star, especially the Pole Star , used to help find direction 指示方向的星；（尤指）北极星
■literary
■an example or principle that people want to follow 范例，规范；指导原则
• The party manifesto is no longer the lodestar it used to be. 该党的宣言已经不再是行动的指南了。
n. 北极星；目标；指导原则（等于loadstar）
 - target, goal, object, cause, end

Word: marmite
Front: marmite
['mɑ:maɪt] (-/27071)
Back: n. 大型有盖汤锅，酵母调味品; 砂锅; 酸制酵母
分布：砂锅(75%)，汤锅(25%)
n. 酸制酵母；砂锅；大型有盖汤锅
 - earthen pot

Word: luscious
Front: luscious
[ˈlʌʃəs] (宝 14893/19485 -1)
Vocabulary: luscious
(once / 3206 pages)
adj
Calling something luscious means it's appealing and incredibly pleasing to the senses. That goes for good-looking people as well as a rich piece of chocolate cake.
An adjective meaning richly appealing or scrumptious, luscious is actually believed to be a shortened version of delicious. Synonyms include succulent, savory and enticing — all words that can also be used to either describe a perfectly cooked steak or your crush's unbelievable, irresistible lips.
WORD FAMILY
luscious: lusciously, lusciousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
“The green, grassy oil perfumes the fish,” he said, “and the texture this technique achieves is remarkably luscious and light.”
Wall Street Journal(Dec 01, 2016)
Lamb and pork meatballs are tender, light and luscious, draped with tomato sauce and enlivened with fresh mint, red onion and pine nuts.
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
Rauschenberg moved to the luscious Captiva Island in Florida, slowly establishing a substantial compound of studios and houses in the jungle.
The Guardian(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 美味的; 满足感官的; 过分甜美的，腻人的; 十分性感的
分布：甘美的(56%)，性感的(28%)，浓厚的(11%)，官能的(5%)
→来自lusty，有胃口的，愉悦的，字母t讹误或音变拼作字母c,比较vice,vitiate.词义由美味的引申为性感的，参照dish,dishy(性感的)。俗词源认为该词来自delicious的口语licious,后来拼作luscious.
【记】lush（adj 郁郁葱葱的；鲜美多汁的；肉感的）和delicious（adj 美味的），二词的缩略变体lus＝lust（n 活力；强烈的性欲）
adjective
TASTY 美味的
■having a pleasant sweet taste or containing a lot of juice 香甜的，甘美的；汁液丰富的
• luscious ripe figs 香甜的熟无花果
['lʌʃ.əs] adjective
ATTRACTIVE 迷人的 informal
■(of a woman) very sexually attractive （女人）成熟性感的
• a luscious blonde 成熟性感的金发女郎
■(of an area of countryside) very green and attractive （乡间）郁郁葱葱的，苍翠的，碧绿的
• luscious landscapes 碧绿的田野
adj. 甘美的；满足感官的
 - honey, nectared

Word: maladministration
Front: maladministration
[ˌmælədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn] (-/24480)
Back: n. 暴政，乱政
分布：处理不善(50%)，舞弊(50%)
noun uncountable formal
■ lack of care, judgment or honesty in the management of something 管理不善；执政不公；弊政
• Thousands of refugees are dying because of the incompetence and maladministration of local officials. 由于地方官员的无能和渎职，数千个难民目前命悬一线。
n. 管理不善；弊政
 - mismanagement, poor management

Word: lubrication
Front: lubrication
[ˌlu:brɪ'keɪʃn] (托 21226/33446)
Vocabulary: lubrication
(once / 27876 pages)
n
When you grease the surface of something to make it move more smoothly and work better, you use lubrication. A bolt that's rusted in place might need some lubrication before being turned with a wrench.
Friction can keep motors from running, screws from budging, and bicycle wheels from turning properly — lubrication is a technique you can use to reduce friction. Lubrication involves the use of a lubricant, a slippery or greasy substance that eases the resistance of the two surfaces. The Latin root of lubrication is lubricus, or "slippery."
WORD FAMILY
lubrication: lubrications+/ lubricate: lubricated, lubricates, lubricating, lubrication, lubricator/lubricated: unlubricated/lubricator: lubricators
USAGE EXAMPLES
The infusion of white blood cells, according to Runels, increases lubrication and sensitivity, allowing the patient to reach climax easily.
The Guardian(Sep 15, 2016)
After one year, two out of five women reported lack of interest, while 22 percent had lubrication problems.
US News(Aug 31, 2016)
As every cartoon character that’s ever stepped on a banana peel knows, lubrication can lead to acceleration.
National Geographic(Jul 06, 2016)
Back: n. 润滑，加油; 油润
分布：润滑(100%)
n. [机] 润滑；润滑作用
 - greasing

Word: marshy
Front: marshy
['mɑ:ʃi:] (托 22644/19549)
Vocabulary: marshy
(once / 2621 pages)
adj
Marshy things are squishy, wet, and soft, like a marsh or a bog. After three days of rain, your backyard just might be too marshy to set up the volleyball net.
Any area of ground that's waterlogged is marshy, like the marshy shore of a river or the low-lying marshy patch in the neighborhood dog park. Unless there's a drought, swamps and bogs and wetlands are always marshy, and water-loving plants grow happily in these areas. This adjective comes from marsh, which has a Germanic root, mari, that means "sea."
WORD FAMILY
marshy: marshier+/ marsh: marshes, marshy
USAGE EXAMPLES
The storm roared ashore, overwhelmed the beaches, sluiced through cropland and ripped new docks from their marshy holdings.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 04, 2016)
But it is comfortable, with picnic benches, fire pits, a few sandy tent sites, a new outhouse, and a marshy pond.
New York Times(Oct 31, 2016)
As the city’s industry grew, the marshy area around the island was filled in with waste to make the land available for development.
Washington Times(Oct 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 沼泽的，多沼泽的，湿地的
分布：沼泽般的(67%)，湿软的(33%)
US ['mɑ:r-] adjective
■describes an area of land that is always wet; like a marsh 沼泽般的（湿软的）
• This area was very marshy before the drainage system was installed. 安装排水系统前，这个地区满布泥泞。
adj. 沼泽的；湿地的
 - swampy, palustrine

Word: masonic

Word: mic
Front: mic
[maɪk] (21352/43727)
Back: abbr. microphone 麦克风; 扩音器; 话筒; military-industrial complex 军工工业联合企业
分布：名词(100%)
noun US informal for
■ microphone

Word: mayday
Front: mayday
['meɪdeɪ] (29851/33660)
Back: n. （船只或飞机发出的）无线电求救呼号; 无线电话中求救信号
分布：国际遇险无线电呼救信号(100%)
→来自法语m’aider的英语俗化，缩写自venez m’aider,即come help me,来自venez,来，词源同come,venue,m’,我，词源同me,aider,帮助，词源同aid.后用于求救信号。
noun only singular exclamation
■a special radio signal sent from a ship or an aircraft when it needs help （船只、飞机发出的）无线电求救讯号

Word: masochist
Front: masochist
['mæsəkɪst] (28740/33573)
Vocabulary: masochist
(once / 64587 pages)
n
If you call someone a masochist, you either mean that they take pleasure in pain, or — perhaps more commonly — that they just seem to.
Masochism is an eponym — a word named for a person. Leopold von Sacher-Masoch was an Austrian writer in the nineteenth century who described the gratification he got from his own pain and humiliation. There are many self-proclaimed masochists out there today — and, one would have to imagine, at least as many sadists, those who enjoy inflicting pain on others (from the name of the Marquis de Sade). But these days you're most likely to hear the word used jokingly by someone who doesn't understand another's motivations for doing something painful or difficult: "You're still building that stone wall? What are you, some kind of masochist?"
WORD FAMILY
masochist: masochists+/ masochism: masochist, masochistic / masochistic: masochistically
USAGE EXAMPLES
For masochists wishing they could live 2016 all over again, Tuesday morning was a fine place to start.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
But whoever seeks to caricature Mr Fillon as an emotionless masochist must accept that that is at best only part of the picture.
BBC(Nov 27, 2016)
Mr. Monson delights in defying the caricature of cage fighters as muscle-bound masochists and morons.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 性受虐狂者，受虐狂者
分布：被虐待狂(78%)，受虐待(22%)

Word: monograph
Front: monograph
[ˈmɒnəgrɑ:f] (宝 14332/12904)
Vocabulary: monograph
(once / 3755 pages)
n
A scholar who is fascinated with a subject and knows a lot about it might write a monograph, or a long, detailed paper on one topic.
If your favorite subject in school is the study of insects, you may one day write a monograph on entomology, full of details about beetles and wasps. A monograph is usually researched carefully, with plenty of footnotes along the way. The thesis or dissertation a college student writes as a requirement for getting a degree is one type of monograph. The word comes from the Greek mono, "single," and graph, "something written."
WORD FAMILY
monograph: monographs
USAGE EXAMPLES
He ended up writing a monograph - a small, dedicated textbook - on HIV, which was reviewed by Texas Tech.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
The writer and photographer will be presenting her new monograph, “Overspilling World,” which traces her work from the late 1990s to the present.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Reeves shared with Lowe a monograph that he had prepared.
The New Yorker(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: n. 专著，专论
分布：专题论文(100%)
→mono-,单个的，-graph,写，词源同telegraph.引申词义专著，专论。
专题论文(mono一个+graph→讨论一个问题的论文→专题论文)[graph,gram=write,表示"写,图"]
US ['mɑ:.nə.græf] noun countable
■a long article or a short book on a particular subject 专论，专题文章；专著
• a monograph on Beethoven's symphonies 关于贝多芬交响乐的专著
n. 专题著作，专题论文
 - disquisition

Word: moluccas

Word: muezzin
Front: muezzin
[mu:ˈezɪn] (31924/39571)
Back: n. 报告祷告时刻的人
分布：报告祷告时刻的人(100%)
→来自土耳其语muezzin,来自阿拉伯语mu'addin,召唤者，宣礼员，来自mu-,表方位，addin,呼 喊，召唤来祷告。
noun countable
■a man who calls Muslims to prayer from the tower of a mosque (= Muslim holy building) 穆安津，宣礼员（负责在清真寺塔顶召集穆斯林做礼拜）

Word: municipally
Front: municipally
[mju:'nɪsɪpəlɪ] (39114/-)
Back: adv. 市政上，市制上
分布：市政上(38%)，市制上(37%)，依市的规定(25%)

Word: nana
Front: nana
[ˈnɑ:nə] (34178/17488)
Back: n. [俚]头部; 外婆; [俚]傻瓜; （儿童家中的）保姆
分布：祖母(82%)，奶妈(18%)
→缩写自nanny,奶奶，祖母。nana 笨蛋
noun countable child's word for
■ grandmother
• [as form of address] Will you read me a story, Nana? 你给我读一个故事好吗，奶奶？

Word: newsworthy
Front: newsworthy
[ˈnju:zwɜ:ði] (19310/22160)
Back: adj. 有报导价值的
分布：有新闻价值的(100%)
→news,新闻，worthy,有价值的。
US ['nu:zˌwɝ:-] adjective
■interesting enough to be described in a news report 有新闻价值的，值得报道的
• Nothing newsworthy ever happens around here. It's so boring. 这里从没发生任何有新闻价值的事情，太乏味了。

Word: nihilistic
Front: nihilistic
[ˌnaɪɪ'lɪstɪk] (26119/37113)
Vocabulary: nihilistic
(once / 43295 pages)
adj
A nihilistic person believes that life is meaningless. If you go through your teenage years in a nihilistic frame of mind, nothing seems to matter to you.
Someone who's nihilistic believes in the philosophy of nihilism, which embraces the idea that life as we know it is useless. If you're nihilistic, you don't believe in anything — not religion, a moral code, love. Being nihilistic is also closely related to the political philosophy of anarchism, a belief that all social structures need to be destroyed before a new, better society can be developed.
WORD FAMILY
nihilistic: nihilistically+/ nihilism: nihilisms, nihilist, nihilistic / nihilist: nihilists
USAGE EXAMPLES
And in many ways that’s a better idea than any in the gloomy nihilistic music I thought was cool in that moment.
Slate(Dec 27, 2016)
Gingrich pioneered the nihilistic politics of government shutdown and obstruction that are now the modus operandi of Republicans in Congress.
Washington Times(Nov 18, 2016)
In any case, avoid falling for the exhausting delusion of endless urban protest or the nihilistic fantasy of winning an insurrectionary war.
The Guardian(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 虚无主义的，无政府主义的
分布：虚无主义的(53%)，无政府主义的(47%)
adj. 虚无主义的；无政府主义的
 - anarchical

Word: musically
Front: musically
[ˈmju:zɪkli] (13379/16406)
Back: adv. 音乐上
分布：在音乐方面(44%)，悦耳地(42%)，好听地(14%)
ADJ
音乐的;与音乐有关的
You use musical to indicate that something is connected with playing or studying music.
例：We have a wealth of musical talent in this region...在这一地区有大量的音乐人才。
例：Stan Getz's musical career spanned five decades...斯坦·盖兹的音乐生涯跨越50个春秋。
N-COUNT
音乐剧;音乐歌舞片
A musical is a play or film that uses singing and dancing in the story.
例：...London's smash hit musical Miss Saigon.在伦敦轰动一时的音乐剧《西贡小姐》
ADJ-GRADED
有音乐天赋的;喜爱音乐的
Someone who is musical has a natural ability and interest in music.
例：I came from a musical family.我出身于音乐世家。
ADJ-GRADED
好听的;悦耳的
Sounds that are musical are light and pleasant to hear.
例：He had a soft, almost musical voice.他声音柔和，如音乐般动听。

Word: offbeat
Front: offbeat
[ˌɒfˈbi:t] (宝 15164/35050)
Vocabulary: offbeat
(once / 14275 pages)
1adj 2n
Anything offbeat is quirky or unusual. An offbeat hair color like magenta will definitely stand out in a crowd of blonds, brunettes, and redheads.
This informal adjective is a much more admiring way to say "weird" or "freaky." If your aunt's style isn't like anyone else's, and you love that about her, you can describe her as offbeat. If you love unusual humor and unconventional perspectives, you probably also enjoy offbeat movies and books. Since about 1938, this has been the primary meaning of the word, but earlier it meant "music that doesn't match the beat."
WORD FAMILY
offbeat: offbeats
USAGE EXAMPLES
A master of finding the surreal in the suburban, his offbeat eye found light amid the darkness.
Time(Dec 30, 2016)
Now might be the time for this offbeat destination.
Seattle Times(Dec 23, 2016)
This book is interesting because it offers a chance to witness this influential thinker grapple with more offbeat questions.
New York Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: adj. 不寻常的，非传统的，不落俗套的
分布：离奇的(32%)，不平常的(28%)，弱拍(24%)，反传统的(16%)
→off,离开，beat,击，打，韵律。比喻用法。
【记】off不，beat打。原指：弱拍节拍中被不重击的拍节－反传统的
【反】conventional（adj 惯例的；传统的）；bathetic（adj 平庸的）；hackneyed（adj 不新奇的；陈腐的）
US [ˌɑ:f'bi:t] adjective
■unusual and strange and therefore surprising or noticeable 不寻常的；奇特的；不落俗套的
• an offbeat sense of humour 不落俗套的幽默感
adj. 离奇的；标新立异的；弱拍的
 - extraordinary, surreal
n. 弱拍
 - arsis

Word: ochre
Front: ochre
['əʊkə(r)] (20068/23031)
Back: n. 赭石; 赭色，黄褐色
vt. 涂赭色于
分布：赭石(52%)，赭色(45%)，=ocher.(3%)
→来自希腊语ochros,浅黄色，赭黄色。后有于指一种赭黄色泥土，即赭土。
US ['oʊ.kɚ] noun uncountable
■a yellowish orange colour, or a substance obtained from the Earth which is used for giving this colour to paints 赭色，土黄色；赭石（用作颜料）
n. 赭石；赭色
 - sinopite, ocher
adj. 赭色的（等于ocher）
 - ocherous

Word: obeisance
Front: obeisance
[əʊˈbeɪsns] (宝 30658/33321)
Vocabulary: obeisance
(once / 3279 pages)
n
An obeisance is an act, usually physical, showing dutiful obedience. A supplicant might perform obeisance, touching his face to the ground, before humbly asking for help.
Obeisance is often used in historical or religious contexts and often refers to bowing or kneeling. Figuratively, it means an act of respect though sometimes with the negative connotation of slavishly doing as expected. Your boyfriend might bring you and your mother flowers in obeisance to the idea that the parents should be courted as much as the child. Consumers who want this software must show obeisance to the Internet — it can't be bought in a store or anywhere else.
WORD FAMILY
obeisance: obeisances
USAGE EXAMPLES
Fifth Fleet in the Persian Gulf, quickly signaled its obeisance by staging a national day celebration in Trump’s new Pennsylvania Avenue hotel.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
These were some of the most powerful people in Italian soccer, men used to obeisance from others, bending the knee.
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
They lowered themselves all the way to the ground, foreheads touching the floor in obeisance.
Washington Post(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: n. 敬礼，行礼; 敬意
分布：敬礼(53%)，鞠躬(34%)，敬重(13%)
→来自obedient的法语名词形式。
敬礼;敬意[obed=obey(服从)]
US [oʊ-] formal
noun countable or uncountable
■obedience and respect, or something you do which expresses this 敬仰；恭敬；鞠躬，敬礼
• One by one the noblemen made their obeisances (= bent at the waist) to the Queen. 贵族们一一向女王鞠躬行礼。
n. 敬礼；尊敬
 - respect, worship

Word: opal
Front: opal
[ˈəʊpl] (22483/24127)
Vocabulary: opal
(once / 3182 pages)
n
An opal is a gem, a semi-precious stone that comes in many shimmery, partly translucent colors. If your birthday is in October, an opal is your birthstone.
An opal is a mineral made of silica, and it's found within the cracks and notches of many different kinds of rock. Most of the world's supply of opals comes from Australia. A polished opal that's been set in a ring or necklace is usually several shades or colors — most often blues and greens — with sparkles or shimmers decorating the stone. The word opal comes from the Latin opalus, and its ultimate root is probably the Sanskrit upala, "precious stone."
WORD FAMILY
opal: opalise, opalize, opals+/opalise: opalised/opalize: opalized
USAGE EXAMPLES
Several weeks later, however, when he got down on one knee and presented the opal engagement ring, his girlfriend presented her own ring for him.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 23, 2016)
Undergraduate Opal Farrell said students and faculty discussed the incident in all of her classes Wednesday.
Seattle Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Opal, founded in 2007, aims to engage people in environmental issues while collecting data for scientific studies.
BBC(Oct 14, 2016)
Back: n. 蛋白石，猫眼石，乳色玻璃
分布：蛋白石(89%)，欧泊(11%)
→来自拉丁语opalus,来自希腊语opallios,可能最终来自梵语upala-s,宝石，珍贵的石头。
US ['oʊ-] noun countable or uncountable
■a precious stone whose colour changes when the position of the person looking at it changes 蛋白石，猫眼石
n. 猫眼石， [矿物] 蛋白石；乳白玻璃
 - cat's-eye

Word: owlish
Front: owlish
[ˈaʊlɪʃ] (34446/41561)
Back: adj. 像猫头鹰的; 面孔严肃的
分布：猫头鹰般的(33%)，看似聪明的(27%)，面孔严肃的(27%)，儒雅的(13%)
adjective
■A person who is owlish has a round face, usually wears glasses, and looks serious and intelligent （人）长得似猫头鹰的，儒雅严肃的
• He was an owlish figure, sitting in the corner of the library. 他一副很斯文的样子，坐在图书馆的一角。
adj. 猫头鹰般的；看似聪明的；面孔严肃的
 - straight-faced

Word: ornithology
Front: ornithology
[ˌɔ:nɪˈθɒlədʒi] (宝 30670/25169)
Vocabulary: ornithology
(once / 5547 pages)
n
Ornithology is the scientific study of birds.
Zoology is the broad field that studies animals, but there are as many subfields as there are critters. One is ornithology: the study of birds. This includes tiny birds like finches and huge birds like vultures. Ornithologists study bird songs, feathers, migration patterns, and everything else about birds. People who are experts in ornithology — ornithologists — go to graduate school, but you don't have to study birds in school to be interested. Birdwatchers know a lot of ornithology too.
WORD FAMILY
ornithology: ornithological, ornithologist +/ornithological: ornithologically/ ornithologist: ornithologists
USAGE EXAMPLES
This August, Niels Rattenborg of the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Germany proved that frigate birds—large seabirds with piratical tendencies—do the same.
National Geographic(Oct 27, 2016)
Besides being bigger, ravens can be distinguished from crows by the croaking sound they make, which the Cornell Lab of Ornithology transliterates as “cr-r-ruck.”
New York Times(Oct 23, 2016)
Since then, their lab has emerged as Cuba’s premier ornithology research centre.
Nature(Sep 27, 2016)
Back: n. 鸟类学; 鸟学
分布：鸟类学(100%)
→来自希腊语ornis的所有格ornithos,鸟，-logy,学说。
鸟类学(ornith鸟+o+log+y)[log=science,表示"科学,学科"]
鸟类学[ornith=bird(鸟)]
【记】or或许，ni你，th死，ology：或许你会死的学科－鸟类学，因为很多鸟都具备进攻性。
US [ˌɔ:r.nə'θɑ:.lə-] specialized
noun uncountable
■the study of birds 鸟类学

Word: outgrowth
Front: outgrowth
[ˈaʊtgrəʊθ] (托宝 16635/25744)
Back: n. 自然结果，副产物，生长物
分布：自然的发展(38%)，副产品(25%)，后果(25%)，长出物(12%)
→来自outgrow,长出，向外长。引申词义长出物，分支。
US [-groʊθ] noun countable specialized
■a growth on the outside of an animal or plant 长出物；旁枝
• Antlers are the bony outgrowths on the heads of deer. 鹿角是鹿的头部长出的骨状物。
■a result or development 结果；发展
• This policy is just an outgrowth of earlier decisions. 这项政策不过是先前决议的产物。
n. 结果；副产物；自然的发展；分枝
 - outcome, product, result, event, consequence

Word: overexpose
Front: overexpose
[ˌəʊvərɪkˈspəʊz] (36053/-)
Vocabulary: overexpose
(once / 35708 pages)
v
If you take a photograph in harsh sunlight, you may overexpose it, or ruin it with too much bright light. It might look cool and arty, but it’s usually just a washed out mess. Redo!
A bright, washed out photograph that has no sharp details or clear highlights can be the result when you overexpose it. Another way to overexpose is to leave someone open to too much risk or public attention — a pushy stage parent may overexpose a child actor to the media, for example, in an attempt to make them famous. The photography meaning dates from the invention of photography itself in the nineteenth century.
WORD FAMILY
overexpose: overexposed, overexposes, overexposing, overexposure+/ expose: exposed, exposes, exposing, exposure, overexpose, underexpose/ exposure: exposures/overexposure: overexposures/underexpose: underexposed, underexposing, underexposure
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s an indication the NFL is overexposed, and a good reason why Thursday football should be sacrificed for the greater good of the league.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Communication is instant and world leaders are overexposed, like rock stars on MTV.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 20, 2016)
“It’s got an edge to it; to my eye, it seems very fresh — it hasn’t been overexposed,” he added of the work.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: vt. 使感光过度
时态：overexposed, overexposing, overexposes
分布：使感光过度(100%)
US [ˌoʊ.vɚ.ɪk'spoʊz] verb transitive usually passive
■to give too much light to a piece of photographic film when taking a photograph 使（胶片）曝光过度
• Unfortunately the light was too bright and my photos were all overexposed. 可惜的是，光线太强，我的照片全部曝光过度。

Word: pacification
Front: pacification
[ˌpæsɪfɪ'keɪʃn] (29654/38728)
Vocabulary: pacification
(once / 4010 pages)
n
Pacification is an attempt to create or maintain peace. That can mean appeasing a hostile country through diplomacy or even just by settling an argument.
A pacifist is someone who is against fighting and wars. That can help you remember that pacification is a means — usually carried out by a government — to keep the peace or end a conflict. If two countries are having a war of words that could escalate, one country could use foreign aid (money) as a means of pacification. If a country is battling a revolution from within, stopping the insurgency can also be called pacification.
WORD FAMILY
pacification: pacifications+/ pacific: pacifically, pacification / pacifier: pacifiers/ pacify: pacific, pacified, pacifier, pacifies, pacifying
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was one of the first slums where the Rio city government installed police “pacification” units in 2008.
Seattle Times(Dec 11, 2016)
The slum of about 50,000 residents was among the first where the government dispatched its so-called police pacification units in 2008.
Seattle Times(Dec 06, 2016)
But the pacification program is unraveling as funding has dwindled and a string of police atrocities has undermined residents’ trust.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: n. 平定; 绥靖; 和解; 讲和
分布：平定(38%)，绥靖(31%)，讲和(31%)
n. 和解；平定；讲和；绥靖
 - reconciliation, accommodation

Word: pharmacological
Front: pharmacological
[ˌfɑ:məkə'lɒdʒɪkl] (24026/27237)
Back: adj. 药理学的
分布：药理学的(67%)，药物学的(33%)

Word: pate
Front: pate
[peɪt] (18699/21507 -1)
Vocabulary: pate
(once / 3949 pages)
1n 2n
Your pate is the top of your head, but say it with a French accent et viola! Now it’s a savory spread made of ground meat and spices. Pate (the food!) is sometimes served with bread or crackers.
Although it’s like paste, some pates are considered a delicacy, like pâté de foie gras, the rich French dish made from goose liver, while other pates are made of different types of meat or even vegetarian ingredients. The pate you eat is usually spelled with its French accents — pâté — so you know to pronounce it with the emphasis on the final syllable, tay. A plain old pate is a jokey word for the top of the head that rhymes with fate.
WORD FAMILY
pate: pates
USAGE EXAMPLES
Pate was charged with promoting prison contraband in the third degree.
Washington Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Deonte Pate pleaded guilty Thursday to conspiring to falsify a record and making false statements before U.S.
Washington Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Give him spaghetti and meatballs over pate any day, his sister says.
Seattle Times(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 秃顶，光顶; 鱼酱，肉酱
分布：脑袋(100%)
→词源不详，可能缩写自古法语patene,来自拉丁语patina,盘子，词源同pan,patella.pate 肉酱
[peɪt] old-fashioned or humorous
noun countable
■the top of a person's head 头顶
n. 头；脑袋
 - brain, bonce

Word: polymerase
Front: polymerase
['pɒlɪməreɪs] (24238/9433)
Back: n. 聚合酶
分布：名词(100%)

Word: perfidy
Front: perfidy
[ˈpɜ:fədi] (宝 30587/38047)
Vocabulary: perfidy
(once / 1587 pages)
n
If you shared your most embarrassing secrets with a friend who then told them to everyone he knows, his betrayal could be described as perfidy.
The noun perfidy means "deceitfulness" or "treachery," so it's not just being mean, but deliberately betraying a trust. The Latin root of perfidy is made up of per, or "through," and fidem, or "faith." So in order for perfidy to happen, there has to have first been a sense of faith in place, which was then broken or betrayed.
WORD FAMILY
perfidy: perfidies, perfidious +/ perfidious: perfidiously, perfidiousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Now the court has made explicit the Legislature’s perfidy.
Washington Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Only the deeply partisan will accept the WikiLeaks documents as evidence of journalistic perfidy.
Washington Post(Nov 07, 2016)
For this 80 year long perfidy, we paid a price with 9/11.
New York Times(Oct 15, 2016)
Back: n. 背信弃义，背叛，出卖
分布：背信弃义(63%)，不诚实(20%)，不忠(17%)
→来自拉丁语perfidia,背叛，出卖，不忠，来自per-,整个的，-fid,相信，信任，词源同faith,confident.字面意思即完全信任，后词义讽刺化。比较perjury.
不忠,背叛(per+fid相信＋y→假相信→不忠诚)[per-①表示"贯穿,自始至终"②表示"假,坏"]
不忠实,背叛(per假+fidy→假相信→不忠诚)[fid=trust,faith,表示"相信,信念"]
【反】loyalty（n 忠诚；忠心）
US ['pɝ:.fə-] literary
noun uncountable
■behaviour which is not loyal 背信弃义（行为）；不忠贞（行为）
n. 不诚实；背信弃义
 - dishonesty, deceitfulness

Word: punctual
Front: punctual
[ˈpʌŋktʃuəl] (高研四六托雅 25334/20448 -1)
Vocabulary: punctual
(once / 1069 pages)
adj
When someone says “Be punctual,” that means you better be there on time. Five minutes late won’t cut it.
Some people seem to follow an appointment clock instinctively. We call those types punctual. They'll check their watch when you arrive three minutes late. The word punctual originates from the Latin word punctualis, which means “a point.” To be punctual, you have to arrive at the right point in time. For your appointment. Get the point?
WORD FAMILY
punctual: punctuality, punctually, unpunctual+/ punctuality: punctualities/unpunctual: unpunctually
USAGE EXAMPLES
There are the icy stares directed at latecomers by the punctual.
Washington Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Describe her in three words Quirky, funny, punctual.
The Guardian(Nov 19, 2016)
Cruise ships are usually punctual, the captain said.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 严守时刻的， 准时的，正点的
分布：准时的(69%)，严守时刻的(20%)，正点的(11%)
→来自拉丁语punctum,点，刺点，来自pungere,刺，击，词源同pungent,point.
准时的(punct+ual→到点上→准点的)[point,punct=point,make sharp,表示"点,变尖"]
a.严守时刻的,准时的,正点的The fundamental fund functions punctually in conjunction with abundant capital.这笔重要基金与充裕的资本一起准时发挥作用.
adjective
■arriving, doing something or happening at the expected, correct time; not late 准时的，守时的
• a punctual start to the meeting 准时开会
• He's fairly punctual (= He usually arrives on time). 他是一个非常准时的人。
adj. 准时的，守时的；精确的
 - accurate, precise, mathematical, strict, rigid

Word: presuppose
Front: presuppose
[ˌpri:səˈpəʊz] (14031/10476)
Vocabulary: presuppose
(once / 2545 pages)
v
To presuppose is to take something as a given; presupposing is like assuming.
When you suppose something is true, you assume it's true; to presuppose means something similar. The pre — which means "before" — is a reminder that what you're assuming is background or pretext for something else. Asking “Want soup?” presupposes someone is hungry. Asking a woman "When is the baby due?" presupposes that she’s pregnant. Presupposing can be dangerous: if your presuppositions are incorrect, you could jump to the wrong conclusion.
WORD FAMILY
presuppose: presupposed, presupposes, presupposing, presupposition +/ presupposition: presuppositions/supposable: supposably/supposal: supposals/ suppose: presuppose, supposable, supposal, supposed, supposes, supposing, supposition / supposed: supposedly / supposition: suppositional, suppositions, suppositious, supposititious /suppositious: suppositiously/ supposititious: supposititiously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Of course, this figure presupposes we’d still be drinking U.S. milk, which is anything but certain.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
Repose presupposes a fantasy world in which stability is self-sustaining without the United States.
Washington Post(Dec 01, 2016)
Science’s quest for knowledge about reality presupposes the importance of truth, both as an end in itself and as a means of resolving problems.
Nature(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: vt. 预先假定; 假设; 以…为先决条件; 意味着
时态：presupposed, presupposing, presupposes
分布：预先假定(56%)，预料(36%)，预料为必要的条件(8%)
→pre-,在前，早于，预先，suppose,假想，假设。
US [-'poʊz] verb transitive
■to accept that something is true before it has been proved 预先假定，推测
• [+ that] You're presupposing that he'll have told her - but he may not have. 你是在推测他早已告诉她了——但他可能没有这样做。
■formal
■If an idea or situation presupposes something, that thing must be true for the idea or situation to work 以…为先决条件
• Investigative journalism presupposes some level of investigation. 调查报道要以一定程度的调查为前提。
• [+ that] All this presupposes that he'll get the job he wants. 所有这些都要以他能如愿找到工作为前提。
vt. 假定；预料；以…为先决条件
 - expect, to suppose

Word: pom
Front: pom
[pɒm] (-/40912)
Back: n. 砰的一声
vi. 发出砰砰声
分布：波美拉尼亚种小狗(75%)，=pommy/pomeranian(25%)
US [pɑ:m] (also pommy) Australian informal disapproving
noun countable
■an English person 英国佬
n. 波美拉尼亚种小狗；砰的一声
 - Pomeranian

Word: quiescence
Front: quiescence
[kwɪ'esns] (33205/38167)
Vocabulary: quiescence
(once / 11057 pages)
n
If there's a particular time of day when your ten kittens settle down to nap, you can call that their period of quiescence, or the time when they are all quiet and restful.
The noun quiescence looks similar to the word "quiet" for a good reason: quiescence is a quiet spell or state. It's used often to mean "dormancy," or the quieting of a symptom or a disease, such as the quiescence of a child's asthma symptoms during the winter months. The Latin root word is quies, which means "rest or quiet."
WORD FAMILY
quiescence: quiescences+/quiesce: quiescent, quiescing/ quiescent: quiescence, quiescency, quiescently
USAGE EXAMPLES
We believe that millions can move from spiritual quiescence to a life rich in prayer, Bible study, philanthropy and simple kindness.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 20, 2016)
It was 2004, another election year, when Green Day released “American Idiot,” its blast at the quiescence of the George W. Bush years.
New York Times(Sep 09, 2016)
Key to the trade has been relative quiescence in currency volatility.
Wall Street Journal(Aug 31, 2016)
Back: n. 静止
分布：沉寂(44%)，静止状态(28%)，不动(28%)
静止,沉寂(qui+escence开始...的→产生静→静止)[Quiet,qui=still,表示"静"]
【记】源于：quiet（adj 静止的）
【反】restless activity（不安静的动作）；action（n 动作）；tumult（n 吵闹；骚动）
n. [昆] 静止；沉默
 - silence, rest

Word: reassign
Front: reassign
[ˌri:əˈsaɪn] (17360/37318)
Vocabulary: reassign
(once / 16909 pages)
v
The verb reassign means to move someone or something to a new location, department, or position. If your department was in the Cincinnati office but then your boss moved you to the Chicago office, you were reassigned.
Reassign is a combination of re-, meaning "again," and assign, which is from the Latin word assignare, meaning to mark out. Today reassign is often used in work-related discussions to indicate a transfer. If your boss says, "I'm going to reassign you to the Peterson project," you may be flattered that your boss thinks highly enough of you to put you on such a high profile project. But when reality sets in, you realize that your boss just assigned you tons of extra work for a cranky client. Congrats!
WORD FAMILY
reassign: reassigned, reassigning, reassignment, reassigns+/ assign: assignable, assignation, assigned, assignee, assigning, assignment, assigns, reassign /assignable: unassignable/ assignation: assignations/assigned: unassigned /assignee: assignees/ assignment: assignments/reassignment: reassignments/unassignable: unassignably
USAGE EXAMPLES
Recognizing her capabilities, he reassigned her to help at the observatory.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
After reporting the incident, Quayle says, he faced a hostile work environment and was reassigned to do desk work.
Seattle Times(Dec 23, 2016)
In the professional world, “proximity” is hard to maintain, as work colleagues are reassigned or move on to new jobs.
New York Times(Jul 13, 2012)
Back: vt. 再分配，再指定
时态：reassigned, reassigning, reassigns
分布：再分配(72%)，交还(14%)，再交付(14%)
vt. 再分配；再指定
 - repartition

Word: reapply
Front: reapply
[ˌri:əˈplaɪ] (-/33944)
Back: v. 再运用，再申请
时态：reapplied, reapplying, reapplies
分布：再次申请(55%)，重新申请(30%)，再应用(15%)
verb
ASK 请求
intransitive
■to officially ask again for something, for example for yourself to be considered for a job, especially by writing or sending in a form （尤指透过写信或投寄表格）重新申请，再次申请
• Mr Gubbay said yesterday that he will not be reapplying for the job. 格贝先生昨天说他再也不会申请这份工作了。
[ˌri:.ə'plaɪ] verb
PUT ON 敷
transitive
■to put a substance on again 再敷；重施；重新涂
• She carefully reapplied her lipstick 她仔细地重新搽了搽唇膏。
[ˌri:.ə'plaɪ] verb
USE 用
transitive
■to make use of something in a different way or use it for a different practical purpose 再运用；再施用；再应用
• to reapply principles/methods 重新运用原则／方法

Word: raunchy
Front: raunchy
[ˈrɔ:ntʃi] (23204/33882 -1)
Vocabulary: raunchy
(once / 27876 pages)
1adj 2adj
Something raunchy is dirty in one sense or another: it's either literally covered in dirt or suggesting dirty sexual situations.
Raunchy started off as Army Air Corps slang for something sloppy in 1939. But by the 60's the word had grown to imply another kind of dirtiness: the vulgar, sexual kind. So these days it's safe to assume that a raunchy movie, for example, is full of foul language, obscenities, and graphic sex scenes. And in case you're wondering, an R-rated movie is much more likely to be raunchy than a G movie.
WORD FAMILY
raunchy: raunchier, raunchiest, raunchily+/raunch: raunchy
USAGE EXAMPLES
A teacher found their raunchy writings and confronted the young women’s parents about them.
The New Yorker(Nov 27, 2016)
Streaming TV: “Lovesick: Season 2” is a British romantic comedy with raunchy humor and a tender heart and well worth catching up with.
Seattle Times(Nov 17, 2016)
She told the LA Times last week that she had tried to make the film more raunchy.
BBC(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 邋遢的，不修边幅的; 猥亵的，淫秽的; 质量不好的
级别：raunchier, raunchiest
分布：淫秽的(48%)，粗俗的(33%)，不整洁的(19%)
→俚语，词源不详，可能来自 ranch,庄园，牧场。暗指牧场动物粪便。
US ['rɑ:n-] adjective
■connected with sex in a very clear and obvious way 色情的；淫秽的；下流的
• a raunchy magazine/video 色情杂志／黄色录像
adj. 邋遢的，不修边幅的；猥亵的
 - salt, sluttish

Word: recitation
Front: recitation
[ˌresɪˈteɪʃn] (15075/21401)
Vocabulary: recitation
(once / 1761 pages)
1n 2n
If you've ever repeated a rhyming poem from memory in front of an audience, you've given a recitation.
The noun recitation comes from the word "recite." When you recite, or say something you've memorized, you give a recitation. This happens a lot in school and in religious traditions, but you might also hear your know-it-all friend give an impromptu recitation of a famous director's films or every Beatles song in alphabetical order. The word comes from the Latin prefix re, "again," and the word citare, "to summon." Summoning again from memory is recitation.
WORD FAMILY
recitation: recitations+/ recital: recitalist, recitals/recitalist: recitalists/ recite: recital, recitation, recited, reciter, recites, reciting/reciter: reciters
USAGE EXAMPLES
It certainly seems to be important in memory, and not merely the mnemonic recitation of lists, to which my wife and many others resort.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
And, embodying the event’s essence, Tyson ended her acceptance speech with a powerful recitation of Langston Hughes’ poem “Mother to Son.”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 02, 2016)
The Town Hall Seattle series “Short Stories Live” returns for its annual recitation of “unconventional” holiday stories and poems, read by well-known Northwest performers.
Seattle Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 朗诵; 背诵; 习题课
分布：背诵(73%)，吟诵(17%)，详述(10%)
→来自 recite,背诵，朗诵。
noun countable
■saying a piece of writing aloud from memory 背诵；朗诵
• He gave a beautiful recitation of some poems by Blake. 他声情并茂地背诵了几首布莱克的诗。
n. 背诵；朗诵；详述；背诵的诗
 - specification, repetition

Word: redefinition
Front: redefinition
[ˌri:defɪ'nɪʃn] (18758/22774)
Back: n. 重新定义; 再定义
分布：重新定义(100%)
N-UNCOUNT
重新定义;重新界定;重新思考
The redefinition of something is the act or process of causing people to consider it in a new way.
例：...the redefinition of the role of the intellectual.关于知识分子作用的重新界定

Word: rentier
Front: rentier
[ˈrɒntieɪ] (31371/41364)
Back: n. 靠股息生活的人，靠收租生活的人，<贬>食利者
分布：靠股息生活的人(60%)，靠收租生活的人(40%)
→来自 rent,租金，-er,人。
US [rɑÃ²:n'tjeɪ] formal mainly disapproving
noun countable
■a person whose money comes from investments and who therefore does not have to work 靠投资收益过活的人（某人的钱来自投资，因此他们不需工作）
• the rentier class 食利阶层

Word: regurgitate
Front: regurgitate
[rɪˈgɜ:dʒɪteɪt] (25431/23381)
Vocabulary: regurgitate
(once / 27360 pages)
v
To regurgitate is to bring already swallowed food back up through one's throat and out the mouth. Not so nice in humans, but much more understandable (if still gross) in birds — who feed their baby chicks by regurgitating.
Finished cramming for your exam? Ready to do a data dump? Then you're about to regurgitate all you've learned — repeat information verbatim without any real understanding or analysis of it. Don't worry, everyone does it, from high school and college students, to grown-ups in corporate boardrooms.
WORD FAMILY
regurgitate: regurgitated, regurgitates, regurgitating, regurgitation+/regurgitation: regurgitations
USAGE EXAMPLES
They store liquid food in “social stomachs,” or crops, from which they can regurgitate it later.
Science Magazine(Nov 29, 2016)
The one where he read Margot Robbie’s mind, freaked out Stephen Curry by regurgitating frogs and caught a bullet in his mouth?
Golf Digest(Nov 22, 2016)
“He’s not an ideologue who’s regurgitating talking points. He’s incredibly thoughtful.”
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: vt. 使反胃; 使反哺; 使反刍; 依样复述
时态：regurgitated, regurgitating, regurgitates
分布：反刍(100%)
US [-'gɝ:.dʒə-] verb
intransitive or transitive
■to bring back swallowed food into the mouth （使）（咽下的食物）返回到口中；反刍
• Owls regurgitate partly digested food to feed their young. 猫头鹰将半消化的食物吐出来喂幼鸟。
transitive disapproving
■If you regurgitate facts, you just repeat what you have heard without thinking about it （不加思考地）重复；照搬；照本宣科
• Many students simply regurgitate what they hear in lectures. 很多学生只会鹦鹉学舌般地重复从课堂上听来的东西。
vi. 回流；回涌；反胃；反刍
 - back flow, inverse flow

Word: repayable
Front: repayable
[rɪˈpeɪəbl] (-/26030)
Back: adj. （指钱）可付还的，应偿还的
分布：可报恩的(34%)，可付还的(33%)，该付还的(33%)
adjective
■If something is repayable, you must pay it back 付还，偿还；酬报，报答
• The loan is repayable over six months. 这笔贷款必须要在六个月内还清。
adj. 可偿还的；可报复的
 - refundable, redeemable

Word: refract
Front: refract
[rɪˈfrækt] (22107/32685)
Vocabulary: refract
(once / 2254 pages)
v
Things that refract light — like lenses and prisms — bend it. If you've looked through a water droplet on a car windshield, you've seen water refract light.
You're most likely to come across the verb refract when you're studying physics and the properties of light waves. We come across example of this everyday, though — when you study a straw in a glass of water, you see the water refract light in a way that makes the straw look bent or jagged. A rainbow also happens when raindrops refract light, breaking it into its component colors. In Latin, refract means "broken up."
WORD FAMILY
refract: refracted, refracting, refraction, refractive, refracts+/ refraction: refractions/refractive: refractiveness, refractivity
USAGE EXAMPLES
Yellow flecks ran through a plane at its centre, one of which was large and marred its ability to refract light.
BBC(Dec 08, 2016)
Some of that slimming is a result of new lightweight acoustical materials that refract rather than absorb road noise.
New York Times(Dec 08, 2016)
And then this is refracted through racist assumptions about black people and black men specifically.
Slate(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. <物>（使）折射
时态：refracted, refracting, refracts
分布：折射(86%)，测定屈光度(14%)
折射(re回+fract→[光]打断回射→折射)[fract,frang=break,表示"打碎"]
[rɪ'frækt] specialized
verb transitive
■When water or glass, etc. refracts light or sound, etc., it causes it to change direction or to separate when it travels through it 使折射
• The glass prism refracted the white light into the colours of the rainbow. 玻璃棱镜将白色光折射成彩虹的七色光。

Word: rocketry
Front: rocketry
[ˈrɒkɪtri] (34542/-)
Back: n. 火箭学，火箭技术，火箭（集合称）
分布：火箭研究(100%)
→来自 rocket,火箭，-ry,名词后缀。
n. 火箭学， [航] 火箭技术；火箭（集合称）；火箭研究
 - roquette

Word: rorschach

Word: ruffian
Front: ruffian
[ˈrʌfiən] (托宝 26175/22925)
Vocabulary: ruffian
(once / 849 pages)
n
A ruffian is a bully, someone who is violent toward others. Maybe they had a bad childhood, or perhaps they like the sound of people in pain. No matter where they come from, ruffians are best avoided.
Soccer fans have a reputation for being ruffians. Sure, some are sensitive poetry-reading types, but the ones that get the most attention scream obscenities, break things, and fight each other. Ruffian comes from a Germanic word that literally translates as “scabbiness,” and perhaps ruffians are covered in scabs from all the fights they start. Sometimes a ruffian is a person involved in crime, however, the word is always used to describe someone who’s a cruel, violent jerk.
WORD FAMILY
ruffian: ruffianism, ruffianly, ruffians+/ruffianism: ruffianisms
USAGE EXAMPLES
So, one wonders, what is this gentlemanly actor doing playing Billy Bigelow, Rodgers and Hammerstein’s classic musical ruffian?
Washington Post(Nov 10, 2016)
“All the flirts and ruffians in the whole world must have been born on this lane,” Shashi grumbles, but she is laughing.
New York Times(Sep 24, 2016)
A sturdy professional, Constance can pound the pavement and tackle fleeing ruffians, as well as — if not better than — any man.
Washington Post(Sep 18, 2016)
Back: n. 暴徒，恶棍
分布：恶棍(69%)，残暴的(31%)
→词源不详，可能来自 rough 的发音拼写讹误。比较 enough.
恶棍(ruff凶残+ian)[-an表名词和形容词"…地方,...人]
【记】做了ruffian就会rueful。ruffian＝rufang：总是想着rufang（自己拼）－歹徒。（此法非我想）
['rʌf.i.ən] old-fashioned or humorous
noun countable
■a violent, wild and unpleasant person, usually a man 流氓，暴徒，恶棍（通常指男性）
n. 恶棍；流氓；无赖
 - tough, cad
adj. 残暴的；凶恶的；无法无天的
 - atrocious, tyrannical

Word: romanticise

Word: rotational
Front: rotational
[rəʊ'teɪʃənl] (20814/25177)
Back: adj. 转动的，轮流的
分布：轮流的(60%)，回转的(40%)
adj. [机] 转动的；回转的；轮流的
 - totating, pivoted

Word: rumbustious
Front: rumbustious
[rʌmˈbʌstʃəs] (-/33563)
Vocabulary: rumbustious
(once / 227295 pages)
adj
That kid who's had a little too much candy and is bouncing off the walls? Just call him rumbustious, an old word meaning noisy and undisciplined.
If you want to talk about someone who is unruly or just plain out of control, it's good to use an unruly word. In easygoing American English, we might refer to a rambunctious child, but before rambunctious there was rumbustious. That playful adjective goes all the way back to the late 18th century and still occasionally gets hauled out for comic effect, though using rambunctious will get you fewer odd looks.
WORD FAMILY
rumbustious: rumbustiously
USAGE EXAMPLES
His rumbustious, lyrically poetic novel was turned down, his agent confirms, by no fewer than 18 publishers.
The Guardian(Oct 26, 2016)
If successful, Wenzhou may well emerge more resilient, though nothing like its former rumbustious self.
Economist(Jun 09, 2016)
If successful, Wenzhou may well emerge more resilient, though nothing like its former rumbustious self.
Economist(Jun 09, 2016)
Back: adj. 喧闹的
分布：喧闹的(100%)
→俚语，可能来自 rum,强烈的，或朗姆酒，bust,爆发，-ious,形容词后缀。
adj. 喧闹的，吵闹的
 - noiseful, boisterous

Word: roomful
Front: roomful
[ˈru:mfʊl] (19861/36466)
Back: n. 满房间，全房间的人
分布：满房间(78%)，满屋子的人(22%)
noun countable usually singular
■as many or as much as a room will hold 一屋子的人（或物）
• a roomful of people/guests/boxes/etc. 一屋子人／客人／箱子等

Word: schilling

Word: rumination
Front: rumination
[ˌru:mɪ'neɪʃn] (22632/42972)
Vocabulary: rumination
(once / 14556 pages)
1n 2n
If someone asks you to make a difficult decision — like what to have for dinner — it might lead to rumination, or a long period of deep thought.
Use the noun rumination when there's thoughtful consideration going on. If your grandfather answers every question by saying, "Hmm. Let me think about that," he is a fan of rumination. It comes from the verb ruminate, which means "to think deeply," but also means "to chew the cud." Both words come from the Latin word ruminatus, which has the same meaning and which is rooted in rumen, or "gullet."
WORD FAMILY
rumination: ruminations+/rumen: rumina, ruminate / ruminate: ruminated, ruminates, ruminating, rumination, ruminative, ruminator/ruminative: ruminatively/ruminator: ruminators
USAGE EXAMPLES
As usual, the year’s end brings reflections and ruminations on what was and what is to be.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
“The thing that causes the anxiety is rumination,” Markman says.
Salon(Dec 25, 2016)
Designing websites and ruminations on civil discourse and political vitriol are not what you think of when you think of high school projects.
Washington Times(Dec 17, 2016)
Back: n. 反刍，沉思
分布：沉思(52%)，反刍(40%)，默想(8%)
n. 沉思； [生理] 反刍
 - reflection, meditation

Word: seafaring
Front: seafaring
[ˈsi:feərɪŋ] (宝 25164/33561)
Back: adj. 航海的，水上的
分布：航海的(57%)，海上航行(26%)，跟航海有关的(17%)
→sea,海，fare,走，行程，上路。
【记】sea海
【参】seafarer（n 船员；航海家）；seascape（n 海景）
US [-ˌfer.ɪŋ] literary
adjective [before noun]
■connected with travelling by sea 航海的
• a seafaring man (= a sailor) 水手
adj. 航海的
 - marine, nautical, sea-going
n. 航海业；海上航行
 - maritime navigation

Word: shapeless
Front: shapeless
[ˈʃeɪpləs] (19626/20786)
Back: adj. <贬> 无定形的; 不成形的; 样子不好看的; 结构混乱的
分布：无形状的(60%)，不象样的(40%)
→shape,形状，-less,无，没有。
adjective
■without a clear form or structure 不成形的，没有形状的
• My clay pot ended up as just a shapeless lump. 我做的陶罐最后只是一个不成形的泥块。
• His ideas are interesting, but they're rather shapeless. 他的想法很有趣，但没有成形。
adj. 不成形的；不定形的；不象样的
 - atypic

Word: secretion
Front: secretion
[sɪˈkri:ʃn] (托雅 16813/5914)
Vocabulary: secretion
(once / 2151 pages)
n
A secretion is a substance made and released by a living thing, like when your skin sweats.
Secretions don't have to do with secrets, but with secreting: synthesizing and then producing a substance. A machine can't make a secretion — only living things can. Many secretions are harmless, while others are dangerous to other animals. For example, the secretions of some frogs are a type of poison. Some secretions stay within an animal, like the bile secreted by our livers. Saliva is another secretion. The word comes from the Latin root secretionem, "separation."
WORD FAMILY
secretion: hypersecretion, secretions+/ secrete: secreted, secretes, secreting, secretion, secretive, secretor/secretive: secretively, secretiveness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Symptoms include fever, nasal secretions, poor balance, anorexia and aborted pregnancies.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Symptoms include fever, nasal secretions, trouble with balance and anorexia, as well as aborted pregnancies.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Researchers at UT found crazy ants do this by smearing themselves in a secretion that neutralizes fire-ant venom, essentially rendering them invulnerable to it.
Seattle Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. [生]分泌; 分泌物; 藏匿，隐藏
分布：分泌(84%)，分泌物(15%)，藏匿(1%)
→来自拉丁语 secretionem,分开，分离，过去分词名词格于 secernere,分开，分离，来自 se-,分 开，cernere,分开，词源同 crisis,discern,critical.引申生理学词义分泌。
[sɪ'kri:.ʃən] specialized
noun countable or uncountable
■the process by which an animal or plant produces and releases a liquid, or the liquid produced 分泌（动物或植物产生和释放一种液体的过程）；分泌液（这种过程产生的液体）
• The excessive secretion of gastric juices in the gut causes ulcers. 胃中胃液分泌过多会导致胃溃疡。
• toxic secretions 有毒分泌物
n. [生理] 分泌；分泌物；藏匿；隐藏
 - excretion, concealment

Word: sendai
Front: sendai
[ˈsenˈdai] None
Back: 仙台（日本本州岛东北岸港市）
分布：仙台(100%)

Word: servile
Front: servile
[ˈsɜ:vaɪl] (宝 26139/20553)
Vocabulary: servile
(once / 1233 pages)
adj
If you want to get someone to like you, don't offer to fetch them a Coke, rub their feet, or do their homework. They won't like you any better, and your servile attitude will only cost you their respect.
To remember servile, just think of the word servant––they both derive from the Latin servus "slave." In fact, servile also means anything characteristic of a slave. "After winning the lottery, the ex-slave shed first his servile clothes, later his servile manner. The transformation was complete."
WORD FAMILY
servile: servilely, servilest, servility, unservile+/servility: servilities
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Part of the image of the Chinese was that of weaklings who were passive and servile,” Lee said.
Seattle Times(Dec 05, 2016)
The cozy and friendly press coverage revealed in the leaks show a servile press - not a vigilant watchman.
New York Times(Oct 14, 2016)
To Mark in Cleveland,I do not think the word servile applies.
New York Times(Sep 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 过分屈从的; 缺乏独立性的; （似）仆人的; 为仆人的
分布：奴隶的(47%)，屈从的(40%)，不自由的(13%)
→来自拉丁语 servus,奴隶，奴仆，词源同 serve,服侍。-ile,形容词后缀。引申词义奴性的。
奴隶的(serv+ile→为[主人]服务的→奴隶的)[serv=serve,keep表示"服务,保持"]
奴性的(serv服务+ile)[-ile 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"物体"]
【记】serv＝serve，ile＝ill：有服务别人的病－奴性的
【参】serviceable（adj 有用的；耐用的）；servitude（n 奴隶状态）
US ['sɝ:.vəl] disapproving
adjective
■too eager to serve and please someone else in a way that shows you do not have much respect for yourself 卑躬的；谄媚的
• As a waiter you want to be pleasant to people without appearing totally servile. 作为服务员，你应该对人友善，但不要表现出完全卑躬屈膝的样子。
adj. 奴隶的；奴性的；卑屈的；卑屈的
 - slavish

Word: serpentine
Front: serpentine
[ˈsɜ:pəntaɪn] (宝 20333/24557)
Vocabulary: serpentine
(once / 3720 pages)
adj
You can use the adjective serpentine to describe things that look like a serpent or are snakelike. Looking down at the carved riverbeds in the Grand Canyon is like looking into a basket of snakes: the serpentine twists curve throughout the canyon floor.
Not everyone likes snakes, but those who aren’t grossed out by the highly flexible bodies of serpents might enjoy using the word serpentine for things that resemble their snaky, curvy lines. Strands of hair, cracks in dry desert, and roller-coaster rides can look serpentine, and you might tangle with a serpentine hose while minding your own business and watering the plants. Sometimes serpentine even describes people who are snakelike or slippery in character.
WORD FAMILY
serpentine: serpentinely, serpentiningly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Almost immediately, serpentine lines appeared at banks and ATMs as people waited hours to deposit or exchange old currency notes for new bills.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
The serpentine baby boom is a rarity for the zoo, said Ian Recchio, the facility’s curator of reptiles and amphibians.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Its serpentine Carrera-marble top will be held up by a series of white marble lions carved in Vietnam.
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 像蛇般蜷曲的，蜿蜒的; 阴险的; 弯弯曲曲的
vt. 使迂回曲折地行进
vi. 像蛇般行进
n. [矿物] 蛇纹石
分布：蛇纹石(58%)，像蛇般行进(11%)，阴险的(11%)，弯曲的(5%)，古时候大炮的一种(5%)，蛇形的(5%)，缓慢地流(5%)
→来自 serpent,蛇，-ine,形容词后缀。引申词义蛇一样的，蜿蜒的。
蜿蜒的(serpent蛇+ine)[-ine 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人或女人"3.表名词"状态,药物等"]
【记】serpent（n 大毒蛇；阴险的人），ineser色，pen笔，tine：一根有颜色的笔－蛇ser＝serve，pent喷他，ine：服务就是用毒液喷他－蛇
US ['sɝ:-] literary
adjective
■curving and twisting like a snake 像蛇一样卷曲的；蜿蜒的
• We followed the serpentine course of the river. 我们沿着弯弯曲曲的河道走。
■complicated and difficult to understand 复杂难懂的；曲折的
• The film's serpentine plot was difficult to follow. 电影曲折的情节让人难以理解。
adj. 蜿蜒的；阴险的；弯弯曲曲的
 - winding, sinuous
n. [矿物] 蛇纹石
 - ophiolite

Word: seamy
Front: seamy
[ˈsi:mi] (宝 26775/33696)
Vocabulary: seamy
(once / 12481 pages)
adj
Things that are seamy have lost all morality. Your mother wouldn't approve of you going to a seamy video arcade, especially not if you went with a group of seamy people.
The seamy people at that video arcade could also be called "sleazy" or “a bad crowd.” A house that’s falling down could also be seamy, and so is the bar on the corner where not even your uncle will go. If you find yourself in a seamy situation, the best thing to do is get out before you find yourself turning seamy, corrupted by the seamy folk lurking about.
WORD FAMILY
seamy: seamier, seamiest+/ seam: seamed, seaming, seamless, seams, seamster, seamy /seamed: unseamed/ seamless: seamlessly/seamster: seamsters
USAGE EXAMPLES
Truth Is Stranger Than Florida This new true-crime series explores the seamier side of the Sunshine State.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 24, 2016)
It tended to lend his songs a comical quality, one that offset his often seamy lyrics.
The Guardian(Nov 24, 2016)
The new true-crime series “Truth Is Stranger Than Florida” looks at the seamier side of the Sunshine State.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 丑恶的; 污秽的; 有线缝的; （生活等的）丑陋的一面
级别：seamier, seamiest
分布：丑恶的(84%)，有伤痕的(16%)
→seam,缝补，缝隙，-y,形容词后缀。比喻用法，把难看的一面缝在里面。词义演变比较 seedy.
【记】seam缝，y：露出线缝的－肮脏的，卑鄙的
【反】decent and respectable（体面而值得尊敬的）
adjective
■(of a situation) unpleasant because of a connection with dishonest behaviour, violence and illegal sex （情形）丑恶的，肮脏的
• The film vividly portrays the seamy side of life in the London of the early 70s. 电影生动地再现了上世纪70年代初伦敦生活中丑恶的一面。
adj. 丑恶的；露出线缝的
 - hideous, misshapen

Word: sisyphean

Word: shiraz
Front: shiraz
[ʃiəˈrɑ:z] (-/40781)
Back: n. 设拉子红葡萄酒（常见于澳大利亚、美国加利福尼亚州和法国）); 设拉子（伊朗西南部城市）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: shogunate

Word: sinuous
Front: sinuous
[ˈsɪnjuəs] (托宝 19654/19926)
Vocabulary: sinuous
(once / 3788 pages)
adj
Sinuous means winding or curvy. If you get lost on a sinuous mountain path, you'll need a compass or a GPS to figure out which direction leads back to camp.
The adjective sinuous comes from the Latin word sinus, which means to curve or bend. If you have a sinuous body, then you have lots of curves. Snakes use sinuous movements to travel. Live Oak trees have particularly sinuous branches. We usually use sinuous to talk about physical shapes of bodies or pathways, but you could also describe someone's logic as sinuous if it wanders all over the place when they're trying to explain something.
WORD FAMILY
sinuous: sinuosity, sinuously, sinuousness+/sinuosity: sinuosities
USAGE EXAMPLES
The audience kept applauding until the lilting, sinuous melody was repeated.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
He is the movie-world’s Colossus of Rhodes, a figure of pure-granite maleness yet with something feline, and a sinuous, gravelly voice.
The Guardian(Dec 09, 2016)
Turbulence marked the outer movements, particularly in a finale that offered little consolation, while the second and third held their shape, sinuous and desolate.
New York Times(Nov 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 弯曲的，蜿蜒的
分布：蜿蜒的(78%)，弯弯曲曲的(11%)，乖僻的(11%)
→来自拉丁语 sinus,弯，曲，转，-ous,形容词后缀。
蜿蜒的(sinu+ous)[Sinu=bend,表示"弯曲"]
【记】sinu弯曲，ous多－弯曲多的－蜿蜒的
【参】insinuate（v 含沙射影地说）说弯曲的话
【反】direct（adj 径直的；直接的）
['sɪn.ju.əs] literary
adjective
■moving in a twisting, curving or indirect way, or having many curves 蜿蜒的，弯曲的
• He enjoyed watching the sinuous bodies of the dancers. 他喜欢观赏舞者婀娜的身段。
• The walkers followed the sinuous path through the trees. 行人沿着蜿蜒的小径穿越丛林。
adj. 蜿蜒的；弯曲的；迂回的
 - indirect, curve, winding

Word: sidewalk
Front: sidewalk
[ˈsaɪdwɔ:k] (3770/22023 -1)
Back: n. 人行道
分布：人行道(100%)
US [-wɑ:k] noun countable mainly US for pavement
n. [交] 人行道
 - pavement, footpath

Word: snug
Front: snug
[snʌg] (托宝 11967/15144 -1)
Vocabulary: snug
(once / 793 pages)
adjn
You may have noticed your pants getting a little snug during the holiday season. That could mean they’re just extra comfortable or it could be another way of saying they're feeling a little tight.
Snug describes something that's comfortable and cozy. During a snowstorm you may take shelter in your snug cottage in front of the fireplace. When talking about clothing, snug means fitting tightly. Clothing may be snug on purpose, like a bathing suit, or it may be snug because it’s in fact too small. If you’re “snug as a bug in a rug,” you’re as cozy as can be, or metaphorically speaking, in a very comfortable position in life.
WORD FAMILY
snug: snugged, snugger, snuggery, snuggest, snugging, snugly, snugness, snugs+/snuggery: snuggeries
USAGE EXAMPLES
One of the highlights for David is spending Christmas night aboard the Chicago, snug in a rack like his son.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
The sandals were still lightly snug, and more stretching was needed.
New York Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Really, they need to get a human analog or mannequin, put snug jeans on it.
New York Times(Oct 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 温暖舒适的; 小而整洁的; 建造良好的; 紧身的
vt. 使变得温暖舒适; 使变得安全
vi. 偎依; 舒适地蜷伏
n. 雅室
级别：snugger, snuggest
分布：温暖舒适的(28%)，紧贴(18%)，合身的(18%)，舒适地依靠(12%)，安全的(12%)，使整洁干净(12%)
【记】读：是那个。老公，我要的“是那个”温暖牌秋裤
【参】snuggle（v 舒适的偎依获得温暖）
adjective (snugger, snuggest)
■(of a person) feeling warm, comfortable and protected, or (of a place, especially a small place) giving feelings of warmth, comfort and protection （人）感到温暖舒适的；（地方）暖和的
• We curled up in bed, all snug and warm, and listened to the storm outside. 我们蜷缩在床上，温暖又舒适，听着外面的暴风雨声。
• I bet your feet are nice and snug in your fur-lined boots! 我敢说你的脚放在毛衬里的皮靴里一定又暖和又舒适！
■fitting closely 紧身的，紧的
• These shoes are a bit too snug - do you have them in a larger size? 这双鞋有点太紧——你们有没有大一号的？
[snʌg] noun countable (also snuggery) UK
■a small room or area in a pub where only a few people can sit （酒吧里的）包间，雅座
adj. 舒适的；温暖的；紧身的；隐藏的
 - comfortable, pleasant, warm, easy, hidden
vt. 使变得温暖舒适；隐藏
 - lock, pocket
vi. 偎依；舒适地蜷伏
 - nestle up

Word: snore
Front: snore
[snɔ:(r)] (六 10440/12856 -1)
Back: vi. 打呼噜，打鼾
n. 呼噜，鼾声
时态：snored, snoring, snores
分布：打鼾(44%)，鼾声(32%)，打呼噜(24%)
→来自辅音丛 sn-,鼻子，闻，嗅，发鼻音，比较 sneer,snore,snicker,sniff,snuff.引申词义打鼾， 打呼噜。
US [snɔ:r] verb intransitive
■to breathe in a very noisy way while you are sleeping 打呼，打鼾
• Sometimes my husband snores so loudly, it keeps me awake at night. 有时候我丈夫打鼾太吵，搞得我整夜无法入睡。
• Do you know any cures for snoring? 你知道有甚么办法能治打呼吗？
UK [snɔ:r] US [snɔ:r] noun countable
■a very noisy breath while you are sleeping 打呼声，鼾声
• I could hear loud snores coming from Jim's bedroom. 我能听到从吉姆的卧室传来如雷的鼾声。
n. 鼾声
 - stertor
vi. 打呼噜；打着鼾声渡过
 - drive one's pigs to market
vt. [医] 打鼾
 - drive one's pigs to market

Word: splatter
Front: splatter
[ˈsplætə(r)] (14477/20748 -1)
Vocabulary: splatter
(once / 14122 pages)
vn
In horror movies, you'll see a lot of blood splattering on walls. Ick. To splatter is to splash liquid. A splatter is also the spot the liquid makes.
When you spill some liquid on the ground, the sound it makes is splat. Splash a lot of it, and you have a splatter — drops of the liquid across a large area. If you are frying meat in a hot pan, the grease will splatter across the stove and counter near it. In the figurative use, gossip about a celebrity's mishaps is often splattered throughout a gossip magazine like spilled milk on a floor.
WORD FAMILY
splatter: splattered, splattering, splatters+/splat: splats, splatted, splatter, splatting/splattering: splatterings
USAGE EXAMPLES
And the Highway Patrol said security footage caught two people splattering motor oil on the sidewalk and Capitol building on Halloween night.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Blood pooled on the floor and splattered the walls.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
But the outfit at the center of this story is the pink Chanel-like suit splattered in her husband’s blood.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. （使水等）溅泼; 结结巴巴地讲
时态：splattered, splattering, splatters
分布：飞溅(63%)，使水等飞溅(28%)，叽叽查查讲个不停(9%)
→splat,发出噼啪声，-er,表反复。
US ['splæ.ɚ] verb intransitive or transitive
■(especially of a thick liquid) to hit and cover a surface with small drops, or to cause this to happen （使）（尤指黏稠的液体）泼溅
• The bike was splattered with mud. 脚踏车上溅满了泥巴。
vi. 结结巴巴地说话；溅泼
 - stutter
n. 飞溅
 - spattering

Word: skint
Front: skint
[skɪnt] (-/27214)
Back: adj. 身无分文的，穷光蛋的
分布：穷光蛋的(100%)
→俚语，改写自 skinned,被剥皮的。引申比喻义没钱的，不足一文的。
[skɪnt] UK slang
adjective [after verb]
■having no money 身无分文的，一文不名的
• I get paid each Friday, and by Tuesday I'm always skint. 我每个星期五领工资，但我总是到了星期二就身无分文了。
adj. 身无分文的；穷光蛋的
 - penniless, stony-broke

Word: sozzled
Front: sozzled
[ˈsɒzld] None
Back: adj. 烂醉的
分布：烂醉的(100%)
→来自 sozzle,溅出，晃荡。引申比喻义喝醉的。
US ['sɑ:.zld] UK informal
adjective [after verb]
■very drunk 酩酊大醉，醉醺醺的
adj. 烂醉的
 - far-gone, blotto
v. 闲荡；使喝醉（sozzle的过去分词）
 - strayed

Word: spaniel
Front: spaniel
[ˈspænjəl] (19581/19186)
Back: n. 獚狗，西班牙猎狗
分布：爱拍马屁的人(100%)
→来自 Spain,西班牙，-el,小词后缀。据说这种狗产自西班牙，因而得名。
noun countable
■a type of dog with long hair and long ears that hang down 獚狗，西班牙猎犬
vi. 嬉戏
 - frolic

Word: slyly
Front: slyly
[slaɪlɪ] (19417/24672)
Back: adv. 狡猾地; 偷偷地; 俏皮地; 会意地
分布：秘密地(50%)，狡猾的(25%)，顽皮地(25%)
adv. 狡猾地；秘密地；俏皮地
 - quietly, underground, privately, secretly

Word: tarry
Front: tarry
[ˈtæri] (宝 30701/36041)
Vocabulary: tarry
(once / 941 pages)
1v 2adj
To tarry is to linger and take your time leaving. If you really like going to Sally’s Diner for dessert, you might tarry over coffee and end up leaving after they’ve closed the kitchen.
The verb tarry is perfect for describing what happens when those relatives that you see once a year come to your house for lunch and never seem to leave. When people tarry they stick around and take a long time to depart, sometimes lurking or loitering, or sometimes enjoying each other's company. Tarry can also mean to hang around a place without purpose. You might tarry in the park until the day is fading and you have to go home.
WORD FAMILY
tarry: tarriance, tarried, tarries, tarrying
USAGE EXAMPLES
The inquest heard no trace of alcohol or drugs was found in the blood of manager Craig Tarry, who was driving.
BBC(Dec 07, 2016)
But what to one person might seem bitter and tarry, to another might seem like the perfect cup of coffee.
BBC(Nov 15, 2016)
Perhaps they emanated from that tarry lump, or are drawn toward it, looking to become a part of something larger.
Los Angeles Times(Sep 19, 2016)
Back: vi. 逗留; 停留; 暂住; 徘徊
adj. 柏油的; 涂柏油的，被柏油弄脏的
时态：tarried, tarrying, tarries
分布：耽搁(47%)，逗留(46%)，用柏油覆盖的(7%)
→词源不详，可能来自阿拉伯语 tardare,延迟，迟缓，词源同 tardy,retard.
【记】源于：tardy（adj 缓慢的；迟缓的）
['tær.i] old use
verb intransitive
■to stay somewhere for longer than expected and delay leaving 逗留，耽搁
vi. 等候；逗留；耽搁
 - wait for, remain, delay, stop
vt. 等待
 - await, wait behind
n. 逗留
 - stay, visit, stop

Word: tammy
Front: tammy
['tæmɪ] (-/38866)
Back: n. （苏格兰人戴的）一种便帽
分布：棉经毛纬平纹呢(100%)

Word: tangential
Front: tangential
[tænˈdʒenʃl] (宝 25263/25726)
Vocabulary: tangential
(once / 12946 pages)
adj
Tangential refers to something that's not part of the whole. If you make a comment that is tangential to the story you're telling, it's a digression. The story could still be understood without it.
In geometry, a tangent is a line that touches a curve in one spot but doesn't intersect it anywhere else. Tangential means something that goes off in one direction that way and doesn't return. People can feel tangential––as though they're inessential and not relevant to a larger group.
WORD FAMILY
tangential: tangentially+/tangency: tangencies/ tangent: tangency, tangential, tangents
USAGE EXAMPLES
But there are tangential questions well worth pondering: If movie culture reflects who we are, then who the hell are we?
The New Yorker(Dec 02, 2016)
Mr. Trump’s election is getting credit, or blame, for all sorts of events, no matter how tangential.
New York Times(Nov 28, 2016)
But that very similarity may be why she came to seem more tangential to the world of politics than she’d been.
Time(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: adj. <正>间接相关的; 次要的; 外围的; 略为触及题目的
分布：切线的(49%)，离题的(23%)，肤浅的(17%)，相切的(11%)
→来自 tangent,正切，切线，-ial,形容词后缀。引申词义稍微沾边的。
【反】gist（n 要点）－tangential point（非要点）
adj. [数] 切线的，正切的；离题的，扯远的
 - excursive, discursive
n. 正切， [数] 切线
 - tangent line

Word: synchrotron
Front: synchrotron
['sɪŋkrəˌtrɒn] (26171/-)
Back: n. 同步加速器
分布：同步加速器(79%)，同步回旋加速器(21%)

Word: syngas

Word: tectonics
Front: tectonics
[tek'tɒnɪks] (托 25568/45981)
Back: n. （实用的、能带来审美愉悦的）建筑构造学; 构造地质学，大地构造学; 筑造工艺学
分布：构造学(49%)，构造地质学(31%)，筑造学(20%)
n. [建] [地质] 构造学，构造地质学
 - structural geology

Word: teak
Front: teak
[ti:k] (17354/21503 -1)
Back: n. 柚木; 柚木棕色
分布：柚木(94%)，泰柚(3%)，柚木棕色(3%)
→来自葡萄牙语 teca,来自印度泰米尔语 tekku,柚木。 teakettle 烧水壶
noun uncountable
■(the wood of) a type of large tropical tree 柚木，柚树
• a teak forest 柚树林
• teak furniture 柚木家俱

Word: teacup
Front: teacup
[ˈti:kʌp] (17510/21998)
Back: n. 茶杯; 一杯之量
分布：茶杯(100%)
noun countable
■a cup with a handle from which tea is drunk 茶杯

Word: technophile
Front: technophile
[ˈteknəʊfaɪl] (39204/-)
Back: n. 技术爱好者
分布：技术爱好者(100%)
→techn-,技术，科技，-phile,爱好，词源同 philosophy.

Word: tendon
Front: tendon
[ˈtendən] (10370/12675 -1)
Vocabulary: tendon
(once / 2556 pages)
n
If you feel the back of your ankle, you will find the tough, ropelike tendon that joins your calf muscle to your heel bone. That's the job of tendons throughout your body: connecting bone and muscle so you can move.
Consider that the Latin word tendere means "to stretch." That's an apt beginning for the word tendon, a tough but stretchy fibrous tissue (sinew). A tendon is made of dense bundles of fibrous collagen that form ropelike connectors that allow muscles and bones to work together. Athletes often suffer injuries to tendons, most often to the rotator cuff in the shoulder, the Achilles tendon in the leg, the patellar tendon in the knee, and the biceps muscle in the arm.
WORD FAMILY
tendon: tendinous, tendons
USAGE EXAMPLES
He played in two games, then the pain in his Achilles’ tendons flared back up and forced him to the sidelines again.
Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017)
Doctson, meanwhile, developed a medically mystifying Achilles’ tendon ailment that migrated from one ankle to the next.
Washington Post(Jan 02, 2017)
In 2014, Hall tore his Achilles tendon in Week 3.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Back: n. <解>筋，腱
分布：腱(100%)
→tend-,延伸，伸长，-on,名词后缀。用于指腱，肌腱。
noun countable
■a strong band of tissue in the body connecting a muscle to a bone （连接肌肉和骨头的）腱，肌腱
n. [解剖] 腱
 - chorda

Word: tilburg

Word: theocrat
Front: theocrat
['θi:əkræt] (37766/-)
Back: n. 神权统治者，神政主义者，神权政治家
分布：神政主义者(38%)，神权政治家(37%)，神政者(25%)

Word: tokugawa

Word: undying
Front: undying
[ʌnˈdaɪɪŋ] (24245/23335)
Back: adj. 不死的，不朽的，永恒的
分布：不朽的(77%)，不死的(23%)
literary
adjective [before noun]
■Undying feelings or beliefs are permanent and never end （情感或信仰）不灭的，永恒的，不朽的
• He pledged undying love/loyalty. 他发誓他的爱／忠诚至死不渝。
adj. 永恒的；不朽的；不死的
 - eternal, permanent, lasting, everlasting

Word: treasonous
Front: treasonous
['tri:zənəs] (29617/-)
Back: adj. 叛逆的，不忠的
分布：叛逆的(43%)，谋反的(23%)，犯叛国罪的(23%)，=treasonable.(11%)
adj. 叛逆的；谋反的；犯叛国罪的
 - traitorous

Word: twinge
Front: twinge
[twɪndʒ] (宝 16020/20779)
Back: n. 阵痛; 刺痛; 一阵思绪（通常指不快的）; 痛苦
vt. & vi. （使）感到剧痛，（使）刺痛
时态：twinged, twingeing, twinges
分布：刺痛(74%)，(生理(13%)，心理上的)剧痛(13%)
→来自古英语 twengan,掐，拧，来自 Proto-Germanic*twangjan,掐，拧，来自 twengh,拧， 挤压，可能来自 dwo,二，词源同 thong,two,twine.
【记】twi＝twist扭，wing翅，e：翅膀被扭－剧痛
noun countable
■a sudden short feeling of physical or mental pain 剧痛，刺痛；痛苦，难过
• I felt a twinge in my knee. 我感到膝盖一阵剧痛。
• He was feeling twinges from a calf injury after 20 minutes of the game. 比赛20分钟后，他感到受伤的小腿剧痛。
• I admit I felt a twinge of guilt as we left. 我承认，在我们离开时，我感到非常内疚。
n. 阵痛；悔恨
 - compunction, throe
vi. 刺痛；感到剧痛
 - smart, bite

Word: transcendent
Front: transcendent
[trænˈsendənt] (研宝 11634/22964)
Vocabulary: transcendent
(once / 1168 pages)
adj
Transcendent describes something so excellent that it's beyond the range of human understanding.
Transcendent shares the prefix trans, meaning "across," with many familiar words such as transport (carry across), transcontinental (across a continent), and transparent (light shines across). Transcendental meditation carries people across to a higher consciousness. So something transcendent goes across boring reality into super awesomeness in a world all its own. It moves you. Angels are transcendent, and even your favorite novel can be transcendent. Beware of someone who finds the cheesecake transcendent; she may tend to exaggerate.
WORD FAMILY
transcendent: transcendence, transcendency, transcendental, transcendently+/ transcend: transcended, transcendent, transcending, transcends/ transcendence: transcendences/transcendency: transcendencies/ transcendental: transcendentalism, transcendentally/ transcendentalism: transcendentalisms, transcendentalist / transcendentalist: transcendentalists
USAGE EXAMPLES
We three became transcendent together, our souls connected through laughter, yes, but something else, too.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
In its glow, it challenges Christians and non-Christians alike to consider that which is transcendent, eternal and greater than us all.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 22, 2016)
One attends concerts hoping for a few moments of perfection in an imperfect world; these young singers delivered transcendent beauty.
Seattle Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 卓越的，至高无上的; 超然的
n. 卓越的人，尤物; 超越认识的事物
分布：卓越的(70%)，超然的(30%)
→transcend,超出，超越，-ent,形容词后缀。引申词义卓越的，伟大的。
[træn'sen.dənt] formal
adjective
■greater, better, more important, or going past or above all others 超常的；杰出的，卓越的；极其伟大的
• transcendent power/beauty/love 至高无上的权力／无与伦比的美／超越一切的爱
• He describes seeing Stanley Matthews play football as one of the transcendent moments of his life. 他说看斯坦利‧马修斯踢足球是他一生中最为美妙的时刻之一。
adj. 卓越的；超常的；出类拔萃的
 - remarkable, excellent, prominent
n. 卓越的人；超绝物
 - lulu

Word: tricycle
Front: tricycle
[ˈtraɪsɪkl] (21368/23337)
Vocabulary: tricycle
(once / 14849 pages)
n
For many kids, their first vehicle is a tricycle, or a small three-wheeled bike.
Though a child's riding toy is what the word tricycle brings to mind, there are also adult-sized three-wheeled tricycles. A tricycle is safer and more stable than a bicycle with its two wheels, and some older or disabled people enjoy riding them. The original meaning of tricycle, in 1828, was "three-wheeled carriage," from the Greek treis, "three," and kyklos, "circle or wheel."
WORD FAMILY
tricycle: tricycles
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the parking lots between the green-accented apartment buildings, children zoom in every direction on all sorts of wheeled toys - scooters, strollers, tricycles.
Washington Times(Dec 17, 2016)
Donations can include tricycles, bicycles, scooters or even battery-powered motorized vehicles for small children, Hedrick said.
Washington Times(Nov 30, 2016)
In the parking lots between the green-accented apartment buildings, children zoom in every direction on all sorts of wheeled toys — scooters, strollers, tricycles.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: n. 三轮车
分布：三轮车(100%)
→tri-, 三，cycle,圈，轮子。
三轮脚踏车(tri[tri-表示"三"]+cycle轮子)
(also trike)
noun countable
■a cycle with two wheels at the back and one at the front, used especially by young children （尤指儿童骑的）三轮脚踏车
n. [车辆] 三轮车
 - trike, pedicab, trishaw

Word: unfiltered
Front: unfiltered
[ʌn'fɪltəd] (21922/47955)
Back: adj. 未滤过的
分布：未滤过的(100%)
adj. 未滤过的
 - unstrained

Word: unobjectionable
Front: unobjectionable
[ˌʌnəbˈdʒekʃənəbl] (38180/42333)
Back: adj. 不会招致反对的; 不惹人讨厌的; 难反对的; 婉转的
分布：无异议的(44%)，婉转的(28%)，难反对的(28%)
adj. 无异议的；不会招致反对的；婉转的
 - unanimous, undisputed

Word: unexceptional
Front: unexceptional
[ˌʌnɪkˈsepʃənl] (宝 28859/32759)
Vocabulary: unexceptional
(once / 47468 pages)
adj
Unexceptional describes something that's perfectly ordinary, like your unexceptional day that's not good or bad — or memorable for any reason.
Anything that's an everyday, normal occurrence can be called unexceptional. Brushing your teeth, a regular day at school, and a so-so movie: they're all unexceptional. Think about the word exception — something that stands out or breaks a rule. So something that's exceptional is special in some way. Adding the prefix un- makes an adjective that describes something that's not special, like an unexceptional bus ride to school.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
unexceptional / unexceptionable
Pop quiz time! Choose the correct word for each sentence:
Ricky Gervais' clever touch is muted in this unexceptional/unexceptionable film about young men navigating adulthood.
Religious freedom in the U.S. Constitution is unexceptional/unexceptionable.
The judge's ruling was unexceptional/unexceptionable.
The first sentence discusses a film that was ho-hum, nothing exciting, nothing to write home about. Choose unexceptional, and you'll be saying it's plain or ordinary.
The second sentence states that in the U.S., we have religious freedom, period. There are no exceptions, no loopholes. The proper word choice, then, is unexceptionable, meaning without exception or objections.
But what about the third sentence? Was the judge's ruling ordinary or without objections?
Interestingly, both Merriam-Webster Unabridged and Oxford Dictionaries Online say that either answer could mean one of two things. MWU gives a second definition of unexceptional as "allowing no exception; unalterable." If you choose unexceptional, then, MWU would allow for either meaning. ODO, on the other hand, notes that unexceptionable can mean "ordinary." It would allow you to use unexceptionable for either meaning.
Clearly, past writers have confused the meanings of unexceptional and unexceptionable to an extent that meanings are expanding. What's a careful writer to do? To write and speak clearly, we must choose our words with care and be certain our audience understands us. Reserve unexceptional to mean ordinary and unexceptionable to mean without exception or objection.
WORD FAMILY
unexceptional: unexceptionally+/ except: excepted, excepting, exception, excepts/ exception: exceptionable, exceptional, exceptions/ exceptionable: exceptionably, unexceptionable / exceptional: exceptionally, unexceptional / unexceptionable: unexceptionably
USAGE EXAMPLES
The deal also indicates that Disney remains focused on telling Marvel stories on ABC after an unexceptional start to that effort.
New York Times(Nov 14, 2016)
It is an illustration of how the one-child policy has bent and blurred the moral lines and made such state-sponsored violence seem unexceptional.
BBC(Oct 27, 2016)
An exceptionally bland, unexceptional American Chardonnay, even at the $15.99 a bottle that I paid.
New York Times(Oct 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 非例外的，普通的
分布：普通的(42%)，非例外的(35%)，平凡的(23%)
→un-, 不，非，exceptional, 极好的，优异的。即不是很好的，普通的。
adjective
■ordinary, not exceptional 平常的，普通的
• He was a hard-working, if unexceptional, student. 他是一个资质一般但非常用功的学生。
adj. 非例外的；普通的
 - ordinary, general, average

Word: unjustifiable
Front: unjustifiable
[ʌnˈdʒʌstɪfaɪəbl] (29731/22022)
Back: adj. 不合道理的，无法辩护的，不能分辩的; 无理; 小鞋; 曲
分布：不合道理的(80%)，不可原谅的(20%)
【记】un不，justifiable（adj 有理由的）：不合道理的
【区】unjustified（adj 未被证明其正确的）
adjective
■unacceptable and wrong because without any good or fair reason 不可接受的；无理的；无正当理由的
• His behaviour was unjustifiable. 他的行为毫无道理。
• unjustifiable expense 毫无道理的开销

Word: usurper
Front: usurper
[ju:'zɜ:pə(r)] (30183/26069)
Vocabulary: usurper
(once / 2481 pages)
n
A usurper is someone who wrongfully takes someone else's place. A usurper usually tries to take someone's place on the throne, rather than someone's seat on a bus.
If you were married, and someone cheated with your spouse and then married your spouse, you would probably consider that person a usurper: someone who took your place in a way that's shady or wrong. A king who is overthrown would consider the new king a usurper. Usurper is a strong word for someone who has taken or usurped what rightfully belonged to someone else.
WORD FAMILY
usurper: usurpers+/ usurp: usurpation, usurped, usurper, usurping, usurps/ usurpation: usurpations
USAGE EXAMPLES
He refused to acknowledge Barack Obama’s legitimacy, casting him—until the end—as a kind of usurper of rightful authority.
Slate(Nov 09, 2016)
He is a black militant usurper of all that is good – a Zulu warrior committed to performing unwanted abortions on every Christian woman.
Salon(Oct 23, 2016)
According to the account left by Sima Qian, the new emperor—the usurper—killed many of his father’s concubines.
National Geographic(Oct 12, 2016)
Back: n. 篡夺者，篡位者，霸占者
分布：篡夺者(72%)，僭取者(28%)

Word: uppsala

Word: verbally
Front: verbally
[ˈvɜ:bəli] (11838/14057)
Back: adv. 言词上; 口头地; 照字面地; 作为动词
分布：口头地(63%)，逐字地(25%)，词句地(12%)
ADJ
口头的;非书面的;非行动的
You use verbal to indicate that something is expressed in speech rather than in writing or action.
例：They were jostled and subjected to a torrent of verbal abuse...他们被推来搡去，受到大肆的谩骂攻击。
例：We have a verbal agreement with her...我们和她有个口头约定。
ADJ
文字的;词语的;用文字表达的
You use verbal to indicate that something is connected with words and the use of words.
例：The test has scores for verbal skills, mathematical skills, and abstract reasoning skills...测试包含对语言能力、数学能力和抽象推理能力的考查。
例：Wayne has great verbal dexterity.韦恩的语言表达能力很强。
ADJ
动词的
In grammar, verbal means relating to a verb.
例：...a verbal noun.动名词
adv. 口头地，非书面地；用言辞地
 - vocally

Word: vascular
Front: vascular
[ˈvæskjələ(r)] (宝 12123/13413)
Vocabulary: vascular
(once / 8395 pages)
adj
Use the adjective vascular when you're talking about blood vessels. One side effect of long-term smoking is vascular disease.
The word vascular comes up in medicine and anatomy whenever there's discussion of the circulatory system, the series of vessels carrying blood around the body. Plants have vascular systems too, to carry water and nutrients throughout their systems. The word vascular comes from the Latin vascularis, "of or pertaining to vessels or tubes."
WORD FAMILY
vascular: vascularise, vascularity, vascularize+/vascularise: vascularisation, vascularised/vascularize: vascularization, vascularized
USAGE EXAMPLES
The cause was vascular dementia, said her daughter, Karen Moore.
Washington Post(Dec 26, 2016)
His family said the cause was vascular dementia.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
One idea is that the changes have been largely due to shifts in fluid occupying the body's vascular spaces.
BBC(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 脉管的; 血管的; 含有血管的; 充满活力的
分布：血管的(64%)，脉管的(31%)，充满活力的(5%)
→来自拉丁语vas,容器，词源同vase,vessel,-cul,小词后缀，引申词义血管。
血管的(vasc血管+ular)[-ular表形容词"有…形状或性质的"]
【记】vascul＝vessel（n 船；容器；脉管），ar－血管的
US [-lɚ] specialized
adjective
■relating to the tubes which carry blood or liquids in animals and plants 血管的；（植物）维管的
• the vascular system 脉管系统
• vascular disease 血管疾病
• a vascular surgeon 血管外科医生
adj. [生物] [植] 血管的
 - hemal, vasal

Word: unsuspected
Front: unsuspected
[ˌʌnsəˈspektɪd] (26034/19507)
Back: adj. 未被怀疑的，无嫌疑的
分布：未知的(67%)，未被怀疑的(33%)
adjective
■not known or thought to exist 未知的；未被想到的
• an unsuspected talent/complication/problem/illness 未发现的才能／未知的复杂性／未知的问题／未知的疾病
adj. 不受怀疑的；未知的
 - unknown, sealed

Word: vertu
Front: vertu
[vɜ:'tu:] (43600/-)
Back: n. 艺术品或古董，爱好古董者; 纬图（诺基亚所成立的全球第一家奢侈手机公司）
分布：艺术品(37%)，古董(27%)，=virtu.(18%)，艺术品爱好(18%)

Word: voluptuous
Front: voluptuous
[vəˈlʌptʃuəs] (宝 17728/21881 -1)
Vocabulary: voluptuous
(once / 1836 pages)
adj
Voluptuous describes a woman that's large — but in all the right places. Voluptuous is a curvy compliment.
A skinny woman is the opposite of voluptuous. Being voluptuous means being a little fleshy and curvy, especially in the chest area. But voluptuous doesn't only apply to body types. A house that's luxurious, lavishly decorated, and full of delicious food is voluptuous. Any use of voluptuous means there's a lot going on. For some reason, most fashion models are not voluptuous at all — they're thin as a rail.
WORD FAMILY
voluptuous: voluptuously, voluptuousness+/voluptuousness: voluptuousnesss
USAGE EXAMPLES
Szalay writes with voluptuous authority about masculinity under duress in this novel in stories.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
He’s unique flesh and blood occupying a voluptuous material world.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 21, 2016)
The way Aurora looks is more faithful to the book, where the character is supposed to be more voluptuous.
New York Times(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 性感的; 令人感到舒适的，倾向感官享受的; 体态丰满的; 骄奢淫逸的
分布：撩人的(51%)，沉溺酒色的(33%)，激起性欲的(16%)
→来自voluptuary,纵欲的，纵欲者，后指引起欲望的女人。引申词义丰满的，肉感的。
【记】vo，lu露，p屁，tuous多－露出很多屁股－纵欲的
【参】voluptuary（n 耽于逸乐的人）
【反】ascetic（adj 禁欲的）；spartan（adj 简朴的）；self-contained（有自制力的）；self-denying（adj 克己的）
adjective
■describes a woman who has a soft, curved, sexually attractive body （女人）性感的，肉感的，丰满的
• a voluptuous body/mouth/figure 性感的身体／嘴唇／身材
■literary
■describes an experience or object that gives you a lot of pleasure because it feels extremely soft and comfortable or it sounds or looks extremely beautiful 令人愉悦的；令人舒服的；满足感官的
• such voluptuous pleasure 如此舒适的享受
• I sank into the bed's voluptuous warmth. 我躺在温暖舒适的床上。
adj. 撩人的；骄奢淫逸的；沉溺酒色的
 - tantalizing

Word: walloping
Front: walloping
[ˈwɒləpɪŋ] (43961/-)
Back: adj. 大的，极大的
n. 殴打，击败
adv. 十足地
分布：痛打(34%)，大败(22%)，大的(11%)，极好的(11%)，极其(11%)，非常地(11%)
US ['wɑ:.lə-] adjective [before noun] informal humorous
■very big or great 巨大的
• He cut me a walloping (great) slice of cake. 他给我切了一块很大的蛋糕。
■US
■very good 非常好
• We had a walloping (good) time at Daryl's wedding party. 我们在达里尔的婚礼宴席上玩得很开心。
UK ['wɒl.ə.pɪŋ] US ['wɑ:.lə-] noun only singular informal
■when someone is severely punished by being hit （作为惩罚的）狠揍，痛打
• I got such a walloping from my father when he came home. 我爸爸回家后痛打了我一顿。
■when someone is badly defeated in a competition 形容某人在比赛中惨败
• We gave the visiting team a real walloping. 我们把作客的球队打得落花流水。
adj. 极大的；极好的
 - tremendous, wonderful, excellent, famous, super
n. 殴打；击败
 - strike, hiding
adv. 非常地
 - considerably, remarkably, finely, tremendously
v. 重击；痛打；猛冲（wallop的ing形式）
 - smiting

Word: voyeurism
Front: voyeurism
[vɔɪ'ɜ:rɪzəm] (24064/35669)
Vocabulary: voyeurism
(once / 32382 pages)
n
Voyeurism is a strange type of behavior in which someone gets turned on by watching other people, especially in sexual situations.
There are a lot of odd people in the world, including those who have an extreme, often sexual interest in watching other people — who may or may not be having sex. These voyeurs get off more on watching than doing. Some people might volunteer to be watched, but other times voyeurism involves someone watching another person without their knowledge. This is illegal and very creepy.
WORD FAMILY
voyeurism: voyeuristic +/ voyeur: voyeurism, voyeurs/ voyeuristic: voyeuristical, voyeuristically
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Indian government has brought in tougher penalties for gender crimes, including criminalizing stalking and voyeurism.
Reuters(Dec 30, 2016)
He was convicted of voyeurism, blackmail, theft and fraud at Cardiff Crown Court.
BBC(Nov 25, 2016)
Prosecutors say Ramirez is facing 12 felony charges including multiple counts of kidnapping, sexual assault, sexual abuse and voyeurism.
Washington Times(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. 窥阴癖者
分布：窥阴癖者(100%)

Word: justine

Word: kama
Front: kama
[ˈkɑ:mə:] (-/49965)
Back: n. （印神）爱神卡马河（流经前苏联乌拉尔地区，是伏尔加河的主要支流）; 印度神：伽摩天，印度教神话里的象征肉欲的神
分布：卡马河(流经前苏联乌拉尔地区(50%)，是伏尔加河的主要支流)(50%)

Word: kappa
Front: kappa
[ˈkæpə] (26155/-)
Back: n. 希腊文字母第 10字
分布：希腊文字母第10个字母(100%)
→即希腊字母Kappa，来自腓尼基字母Kaph，手掌。

Word: kilimanjaro

Word: kwajalein

Word: kyat

Word: laffer

Word: landmass
Front: landmass
['lændmæs] (托 25228/37990)
Back: n. 大陆
分布：大陆(81%)，大片陆地(19%)
['lænd.mæs] specialized
noun countable
■a large area of land that is in one piece and not broken up by seas 整块陆地，大陆，陆地板块
n. 大陆
 - mainland, continent

Word: landowning
Front: landowning
['lændəʊnɪŋ] (-/23691)
Back: adj. 拥有土地的，有关土地所有权的
n. 作为地主
分布：拥有土地的(44%)，有关土地所有权的(28%)，作为地主(28%)

Word: laval

Word: leprosy
Front: leprosy
[ˈleprəsi] (雅 22002/25022)
Vocabulary: leprosy
(once / 3428 pages)
n
Leprosy is a horrible and chronic contagious disease that involves the rotting of flesh.
There are many terrible diseases in the world, but one of the very worst is leprosy. This bacterial disease is caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. Leprosy occurs in tropical and subtropical areas, and it's a chronic disease, meaning it doesn't go away. The flesh and organs of a person with leprosy waste away, kind of like a dead person’s. Leprosy also involves inflamed white sores forming underneath the skin. Someone with leprosy is called a leper.
WORD FAMILY
leprosy: leprosies+/leprous: leprosy, leprously
USAGE EXAMPLES
NOD2 and roughly a dozen other genetic factors associated with IBD, particularly Crohn's disease, are also associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis and leprosy.
Nature(Dec 20, 2016)
For his skin tones, Prof Wilkinson said they produced two versions; one without leprosy and one with a mild representation of leprosy.
BBC(Dec 07, 2016)
British red squirrels are infected with two different strains of the bacterium that causes leprosy, according to a study.
BBC(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 麻风病; 大麻风
分布：腐败(100%)
→来自leper,麻风病患者。
【记】读：癞破死，浑身长着癞的破死，因为得了麻风病。
noun uncountable
■an infectious disease that damages a person's nerves and skin 麻疯病
n. 麻疯病；腐败
 - corruption, rottenness

Word: liao
Front: liao
[ljau] None
Back: n. 辽河（在中国东北部）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: lister

Word: lola

Word: lymph
Front: lymph
[lɪmf] (13648/17792)
Back: n. 淋巴（液）; 痘苗; 溪水; 泉水
分布：淋巴(98%)，淋巴液(2%)
→来自拉丁语lympha,泉水，水仙子，来自nymph,仙女。后用于指人体中无色无味的体液，即淋巴液。
noun uncountable
■a colourless liquid which takes useful substances around the body, and takes waste matter, such as unwanted bacteria, away from body tissue in order to prevent infection 淋巴液
n. [解剖] 淋巴，淋巴液；血清
 - serum, chyle

Word: lyricism
Front: lyricism
[ˈlɪrɪsɪzəm] (25133/27773)
Vocabulary: lyricism
(once / 19003 pages)
n
Lyricism is the quality of tunefulness or melody that a piece of music has. A choir director carefully considers the lyricism of the songs she chooses for a big concert.
Something with lyricism is lyrical, or singable. This noun also captures the emotional nature of certain works of art, particularly poetry and other writing: "The poem's lyricism makes it possible for the reader to acutely experience those feelings of loss and despair." The related word lyric means "the words to a song," but originally meant "a lyric poem," from the Greek lyrikos, "singing to the lyre."
WORD FAMILY
lyric: lyrical, lyricism, lyricist, lyrics, lyrist+/ lyrical: lyricality, lyrically/lyricist: lyricists/lyrist: lyrists
USAGE EXAMPLES
In his later years, he copied everything from a Renaissance mass by Palestrina to the up-to-date Italianate lyricism of Pergolesi.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
The dreary amateur lyricism clarified nothing but the extent of his aloneness.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 11, 2016)
He often seemed more Mozartean than Hadyn-esque, emphasizing sweet lyricism over quirkiness.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 抒情性，奔放的激情
分布：抒情性(70%)，抒情诗体(18%)，情绪高涨(6%)，感情冲动(6%)
→来自lyric,抒情的。
noun uncountable
■the beautiful expression of personal thoughts and feelings in writing or music 抒情
• The harshness of the book's subject is softened by a certain lyricism in the writing. 抒情的语言在一定程度上削弱了这本书主题的严肃性。

Word: victimless
Front: victimless
[ˈvɪktɪmləs] (30094/41498)
Back: adj. （犯罪行为）无受害人的
分布：不侵害他人的(100%)
adjective
■In a victimless crime no one suffers directly, sometimes because the people affected by the crime have agreed to take part in it （犯罪行为）没有受害人的，无人受害的
• Stock market fraud is sometimes regarded as a victimless crime. 股市欺诈有时被认为是没有受害人的犯罪。

Word: wiener
Front: wiener
['wiːnə(r)] (29215/36877)
Vocabulary: wiener
(once / 179081 pages)
n
You might call your favorite backyard cookout food a hot dog, but it's also known as a frankfurter or a wiener.
You're probably not thinking of Strauss waltzes and cream-topped tortes as you spread the mustard and relish on your hot dog, but in German, wiener simply means Viennese. Thank the lowly wienerwurst — "Vienna sausage" — parent of the sausage that we designate by this word today. The spelling weiner is also widely found in English, somewhat obscuring the word's origins.
WORD FAMILY
wiener: wieners
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Fool, at the movie theater one little wiener link costs $6,” Villa told his friend.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 24, 2016)
I stuck a wiener—a proxy for your finger—in the blades, and it disintegrated.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 21, 2016)
Yeah, no one wants to deal with flying wieners in public.
The Guardian(Oct 19, 2016)
Back: n. <美>法兰克福香肠
分布：=wienie(50%)，小熏肠(50%)
→缩写自wienerwurst,维也纳香肠，俚语义小鸡鸡，变体形式weenie.
US [-nɚ] (also wienie) (weenie) US
noun countable
■a frankfurter (= thin, red-brown sausage) 法兰克福熏肉肠
n. （美）维也纳香肠（等于frankfurter）
 - Vienna sausage

Word: whitworth

Word: winch
Front: winch
[wɪntʃ] (19214/17247 -1)
Back: n. 绞车; 摇柄，曲柄
vt. 用绞车拉
时态：winched, winching, winches
分布：绞车(98%)，用绞车吊拉(2%)
→来自weng,弯，转，来自wei的扩大形式，词源同wind,wink。用于指卷扬机。
(also windlass)
noun countable
■a machine which lifts heavy objects by turning a chain or rope around a tube-shaped device 绞车；卷扬机
n. [机] 绞车；曲柄
 - drawworks, hooked bar

Word: workfare
Front: workfare
[ˈwɜ:kfeə(r)] (25982/-)
Back: n. 工作福利制
分布：工作福利制(100%)

Word: zillion
Front: zillion
[ˈzɪljən] (19794/-)
Back: n. <美口>庞大的数字，无法计算的大数字
分布：无限大的数目(60%)，千千万(20%)，无法计算的大数目(20%)
→根据million,billion等词杜撰出来的一个词。
['zɪl.jən] [-i.ən] informal
noun countable
■an extremely large, but not a stated, number 无限大的数目
• I've told you a zillion times/zillions of times not to do that. 我告诉过你无数次别那样做了。

Word: westerly
Front: westerly
[ˈwestəli] (25979/20807)
Back: adj. 向西方的，在西方的; （风）从西边吹来的
adv. 向西; 往西; 在西
n. 西风
分布：西风(48%)，向西(21%)，往西(9%)，向西的(9%)，自西的(9%)，自西(4%)
US [-tɚ.li] adjective
■in or towards the west 在西方的；向西方的
• So far, only the westerly part of the site has been developed. 到目前为止，只有该地区的西部是经过开发的。
• We travelled in a westerly direction. 我们朝西行进。
westerly wind
■a wind that comes from the west 西风
UK ['wes.təl.i] US [-tɚ.li] noun countable
■a wind that comes from the west （风）来自西方的
n. 西风
 - zephyr

Word: zambezi

Word: ala

Word: amiably
Front: amiably
['eɪmɪəblɪ] (22835/23097)
Vocabulary: amiably
(once / 3182 pages)
adv
The adverb amiably describes something you do in a friendly way, like when you chat amiably with your neighbor when you're both out walking your dogs.
The Latin root of amiably is amicabilis, or "friendly," which in turn comes from the Latin word for "friend," amicus. When you speak amiably, you talk the way you would to a friend — cheerfully, genially and relaxed. Doing something amiably means you have a good attitude toward whatever it is; you enjoy the company of the people who are also there.
WORD FAMILY
amiable: amiability, amiableness, amiablest, amiably +/amiability: amiabilities/ amity: amiable, amities
USAGE EXAMPLES
People were friendly on the street but angry in their heads; they chatted amiably in person but waged war online.
The New Yorker(Oct 31, 2016)
Chattering amiably, heads bent over plugs and wires, enthusiasm among students in the electrical installation class is palpable.
BBC(Oct 15, 2016)
“There was silence at the other end. Then I said ‘It’s a joke!’” he said, laughing amiably about accepting the gig.
Washington Times(Oct 13, 2016)
Back: adv. 和蔼可亲地，亲切地
分布：和蔼可亲地(60%)，亲切地(40%)
adv. 亲切地；和蔼可亲地
 - warmly, kindly

Word: adjudication
Front: adjudication
[əˌdʒu:dɪ'keɪʃn] (19727/13199)
Vocabulary: adjudication
(once / 13386 pages)
n
After a long court trial, the judge reviews all the evidence to come to a conclusion about a case and that process is called adjudication.
Adjudication comes from the Old French ajugier meaning "to judge, pass judgment on." An adjudication results in a formal judgment or decision given by a court. Often these adjudications lead to the making of history, like the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka trial in which the process of adjudication resulted in a decision that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional.
WORD FAMILY
adjudication: adjudications+/ adjudicate: adjudicated, adjudicates, adjudicating, adjudication, adjudicative, adjudicator, adjudicatory/adjudicator: adjudicators
USAGE EXAMPLES
The court awarded the man reasonable attorney fees and the right to a full adjudication.
Seattle Times(Dec 01, 2016)
One in particular told the site he plans to escalate the matter by writing a letter of complaint to the Independent Reviewer of ASA Adjudications.
Time(Nov 30, 2016)
Supreme Court decision — in determining whether a case stays in juvenile court or is transferred for adjudication in adult court.
Seattle Times(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 判决，宣判
分布：判决(50%)，裁定(40%)，破产之宣告(10%)
n. 裁定； [法] 判决；破产之宣告
 - sentence, award, ruling

Word: anglian

Word: alsace

Word: antiproton
Front: antiproton
[ˈæntiprəʊtɒn] (35708/-)
Back: n. 反质子; 负质子
分布：反质子(100%)

Word: appeaser
Front: appeaser
[ə'pi:zər] (38850/44697)
Back: n. 劝解人
分布：劝解人(100%)

Word: anticompetitive

Word: aqua
Front: aqua
[ˈækwə] (-/33436 -1)
Vocabulary: aqua
(once / 5637 pages)
n
Aqua is a greenish-blue color, often thought of as the shade of water. When you buy a new blender, you might decide that the aqua one will brighten up your kitchen.
Aqua is pretty close to the color known as cyan, almost exactly halfway between green and blue on the color spectrum. You can buy aqua clothing or aqua paint if you love the color and want your dining room to feel cool and colorful. The word aqua is sometimes also used to mean "water," and in fact the Latin root means "water, the sea, or rain."
WORD FAMILY
aqua: aquae, aquas
USAGE EXAMPLES
Aqua - with all due respect, we Americans like to innovate, try new approaches and eat dishes in whatever season we want.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Crate & Barrel’s spring collections include generous dollops of pistachio and aqua, bringing these nostalgic hues into kitchenware and accessories.
Washington Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Prosecutors say Draper fired a gun in the direction of the Aqua Lounge in April after getting into an argument inside the club.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 浅绿色，水绿色
分布：水(75%)，浅绿色(25%)
→来自PIE *akwa, 水。其中aqua指有生命的水。water 指无生命的水。
noun uncountable
WATER 水 UK specialized
■water, when it is used in make-up and beauty products （用于化妆、美容产品中的）水，水溶液，水剂
['æk.wə] noun uncountable
COLOUR 颜色 US a greenish-blue colour 水绿色；浅绿色
n. [化学] 水；溶液；浅绿色
 - solution, water, liquor
adj. 浅绿色的
 - jade-green, laurel-green

Word: apricot
Front: apricot
[ˈeɪprɪkɒt] (10300/16007 -1)
Back: n. 杏; 杏仁; 杏树; 杏黄色
adj. 杏黄色的
分布：杏树(50%)，杏子(28%)，杏黄色的(14%)，杏色(8%)
→来自拉丁短语malum precoquum, 早熟的水果。-cot, cook的过去分词，表示熟。apricot 杏，杏子
US [-kɑ:t] noun
FRUIT 水果
countable
■a small round soft fruit with a pale orange furry skin 杏（子）
UK ['eɪ.prɪ.kɒt] US [-kɑ:t] noun
COLOUR 颜色
uncountable
■pale orange 杏黄色
n. [园艺] 杏，杏子；杏树；杏黄色
 - almond

Word: australasia

Word: arraign
Front: arraign
[əˈreɪn] (托宝 23132/36028)
Vocabulary: arraign
(once / 2145 pages)
v
To arraign someone is to call the person before a court of law to be charged. You've probably seen it in movies. It's the part where an official charge is read and the accused responds by saying "guilty" or "not guilty."
Arraign comes from Old French, but it traces back to the Latin ad, meaning “to,” and ration, meaning “reason or account.” So if you arraign someone, it’s like you're presenting an account — a record — of the thing the person has done wrong. You're outlining a formal charge in court. Arraign can also be used more broadly to describe any accusation of wrongdoing.
WORD FAMILY
arraign: arraigned, arraigning, arraignment, arraigns+/ arraignment: arraignments
USAGE EXAMPLES
Walker, who was shot multiple times, is expected to be arraigned this week in the hospital.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
He is scheduled to be arraigned on the charges in January.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Authorities said West will be transferred to New Jersey from Pennsylvania to be arraigned on the charges.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: vt. 告发; 控告; 传讯; 指责
时态：arraigned, arraigning, arraigns
分布：指责(75%)，审问(25%)
→来自法语。前缀ar-同ad-, 在字母r开头词根前同化成ar-. -raign同ration, 计算，定量。后指接受法律审判，审查。拼写受reign影响。
【记】源于：arrange（v 安排）－安排对犯人审讯－传讯
[ə'reɪn] legal
verb transitive
■to formally accuse someone in a court of law of a particular crime and ask them to state whether they are guilty or not 提审；提讯；控告
• He was arraigned on charges of aiding and abetting terrorists. 他被控伙同恐怖分子作案，所以被提审。
vt. 传讯，控告；责难，指责
 - law, cite

Word: arpanet

Word: assay
Front: assay
[əˈseɪ] (宝 18989/7498)
Vocabulary: assay
(once / 2977 pages)
1nv 2v
An assay is a breakdown of a material, examining the individual parts that make up the whole. When you assay a situation, you look at all the elements that created the problem in order to come up with a solution.
The word assay comes from the French word essai, which means "trial," an appropriate sense for a word that means to examine for analysis. As a noun, assay means a test or appraisal to determine the components of a substance or object. As a verb, it refers to the act of analyzing, or of conducting that test. It is usually used in chemistry-related fields like metallurgy and pharmaceuticals, but you can also assay a poem.
WORD FAMILY
assay: assayed, assayer, assaying, assays+/assayer: assayers
USAGE EXAMPLES
The saliva samples were sent to a lab for hormonal assays.
Slate(Nov 04, 2016)
“We could design assays based on things we've had for years in the prion field, based on amplification of misfolded proteins,” says Watts.
Nature(Oct 25, 2016)
And he further criticized EOC for promoting “a questionable assay with misleading communications” and for not having “greater transparency.”
Science Magazine(Sep 28, 2016)
Back: n. 化验; 试验; <古>尝试; 试金
vt. 化验; 试验; 考验; 分析
vi. 经检验证明内含成分
时态：assayed, assaying, assays
分布：分析(80%)，化验(20%)
→来自拉丁语exagire. 前缀ex-, 拿出，向外。词根ig, 同ag, 做。指拿出称量，测定。与essay构成对词，essay, 尝试，英国弗朗西斯.培根以此命名其新创作的文学体裁，即散文。
【记】as正如，say说。正如说的那样含金量很高－化验分析assay需要用essay短文来证明
/æs'eɪ] specialized
verb transitive
■to perform an examination on a chemical in order to test how pure it is 鉴定，化验，分析（化学物质的纯度）
n. [临床] 化验；试验
 - proof, experiment, try
vt. [药] 分析； [临床] 化验；尝试
 - analyse, sample, essay
vi. 鉴定；经检验证明内含成分
 - to identify, to evaluate

Word: avarice
Front: avarice
[ˈævərɪs] (托宝 27046/33419)
Vocabulary: avarice
(once / 965 pages)
n
Avarice is a fancy word for good old-fashioned greed. It's one of what some call "the seven deadly sins."
Do you want more and more money? Or cookies? Or video games? Or anything? Then your heart is full of avarice, which you probably know better as greed. When people talk about greed, it's clearly not a good thing, but avarice has an even worse flavor to it. Avarice is often looked upon as a sin, and it's always considered despicable and evil.
WORD FAMILY
avarice: avarices, avaricious +/ avaricious: avariciously, avariciousness
USAGE EXAMPLES
He acknowledges Rasputin’s personal ambition, but does not dwell on his evident avarice or scheming.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
It is a study of the American dream twisted by ego and avarice.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 24, 2016)
It is also a timely reminder that the forces of avarice, corruption, self-delusion and mendacity remain a constant in human history.
Time(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: n. 贪婪
分布：贪婪(82%)，贪财(18%)
→来自拉丁词avere, 渴望，词源同avid.
贪婪(avar渴望+ice)[-ice表名词"行为,状态"]
贪婪[avar=greedy(贪婪)]
【记】ava读：爱挖，rice大米。爱挖大米。这种人是不是有周八皮的风范！连大米都不放过，太贪财了！
【反】generosity（n 慷慨）『sobriety节制』
US [-ɚ-] formal
noun uncountable
■an extremely strong want to get or keep money or possessions; greed 贪得无厌；贪婪
• Her business empire brought her wealth beyond the dreams of avarice (= an extremely large amount of money). 她的商业帝国带给她的财富之巨是做梦都不敢想像的。
n. 贪婪，贪财
 - greed, itching palm

Word: bani

Word: betide
Front: betide
[bɪˈtaɪd] (41200/22178)
Vocabulary: betide
(once / 3588 pages)
v
When something betides you, it happens to you. Betide is a literary way of saying “happen,” like in this quote from Jane Austin’s Persuasion, “Woe betide him, and her too, when it comes to things of consequence….”
This is an old-fashioned word for things happening, especially uncertain or negative things. This word often appears with woe as in "Woe betide all who date my sister!" Which means, basically, something bad will happen to you if you date her. If you say, "What will the new day betide?" it means, "What will happen tomorrow?" Betide means about the same thing as bechance and befall. We all want good things to betide us.
WORD FAMILY
betide: betided, betides, betiding
USAGE EXAMPLES
And woe betide those who offend the politically connected.
Slate(Nov 15, 2016)
But woe betide any politician who suggests diverting money from homeland security to areas where it might save more lives.
Economist(Sep 01, 2016)
But woe betide any politician who suggests diverting money from homeland security to areas where it might save more lives.
Economist(Sep 01, 2016)
Back: vi. 发生
时态：betided, betiding, betides
分布：发生(58%)，降临于(42%)
→前缀be-, 强调。tide, 潮汐，音讯。
[bɪ'taɪd] literary
verb intransitive or transitive
■to happen (to) 发生
vt. 预示；降临于，发生于
 - indicate, forecast, shadow, announce
vi. 发生
 - occur, happen, proceed

Word: awning
Front: awning
[ˈɔ:nɪŋ] (宝 15420/21030)
Vocabulary: awning
(once / 2333 pages)
n
An awning is a covering that's like a roof or extends from a roof. If you walk down a street with a lot of stores and it starts raining, you'll probably try to stay under the awnings.
An awning provides shelter from rain and sun. You will often see awnings extending over the entryways of businesses. Under an awning is a place you can hang out as you collapse your umbrella on your way in, or as you open your umbrella on your way out. Awnings are often made from some type of canvas, and they protrude from the top of the store or building, kind of like the brim of a cap, which has a similar function.
WORD FAMILY
awning: awnings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Those in attendance drifted in under a yellow-and-white striped awning, the men dressed in tuxedos, the women in ballgowns, many with their hair swept high.
Seattle Times(Jan 01, 2017)
The awning bears the inscription “konditorei” — bakery in German, the language and ethnicity of the shop’s founders.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Porches are common, topped with striped metal awnings or roof overhangs.
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 布做的凉篷; 遮篷; 雨篷; （甲板等上的）天篷
分布：遮阳篷(47%)，雨篷(46%)，甲板上的天蓬(7%)
→词源不详。
US ['ɑ:-/ (US also sunshade) (Australian also sunblind)
noun countable
■a cloth or plastic cover fastened to a building or structure and supported by a frame which is used to protect someone or something from the sun or rain （门窗等前面的）雨篷，遮篷
• The gaily striped awnings of the little shops and market stalls made an attractive scene. 小店铺前和货摊上那些色彩鲜艳的条纹布遮阴篷构成了一个迷人的风景。

Word: aw
Front: aw
[ɔ:] (11390/23803)
Back: 实际重量
分布：表示抗议、怀疑、厌恶等的感叹语(100%)

Word: bleu
Front: bleu
[blju:] (26994/43108)
Back: adj. <法>（奶酪）有蓝色（或绿色）霉菌花纹的
分布：有蓝色霉菌花纹的(100%)

Word: blueberry
Front: blueberry
[ˈblu:bəri] (9481/39427)
Back: n. 越橘的一种
分布：蓝莓(94%)，南方越橘(6%)
noun countable
■the dark blue fruit of a bush that is grown in North America, similar to a bilberry 南方越橘浆果，蓝莓（产于北美）

Word: blurt
Front: blurt
[blɜ:t] (宝 10143/16314 -1)
Vocabulary: blurt
(once / 2117 pages)
v
If you blurt something out, you're speaking abruptly and without thinking about what you're saying.
Usually, when you blurt something, you end up regretting it. Saying something without considering your words can end up making you feel stupid or hurting someone's feelings — just imagine what might happen if you were to blurt out what you really think about your grandmother's cooking. The best thing about the word blurt is that it's onomatopoeic, or a word that sounds exactly like what it means.
WORD FAMILY
blurt: blurted, blurting, blurts
USAGE EXAMPLES
As with everything Trump blurts, the details and motives are murky.
Salon(Dec 27, 2016)
After trying and trying, and with her discouraging me from trying, she casually just blurts it out one evening.
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
He blurted an expletive and rewound the play he had just watched three, four, five times.
New York Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: vt. 突然说出; 脱口而出; 漏出
时态：blurted, blurting, blurts
分布：突然说出(56%)，冲口说出(44%)
→拟声词。
【记】blur（v 玷污），t他－你想玷污他，就会脱口而出他的坏话。
US [blɝ:t] verb
  Phrasal Verbs  [M] blurt sth out
■to say something suddenly and without thinking, usually because you are excited or nervous 脱口说出，不假思索地说
• He blurted everything out about the baby, though we'd agreed to keep it a secret for a while. 尽管我们事先商定了要保密一段时间，他还是脱口说出了所有有关孩子的事。
• [+ speech] She suddenly blurted out, "I can't do it". 她突然脱口而出道：“我不能做这件事。”
• [+ that] Late one evening, Gianni blurted out that he loved her. 一个深夜，詹尼脱口说出他爱她。
vt. 未加思索地冲口说出；突然说出
 - ejaculate

Word: boron
Front: boron
[ˈbɔ:rɒn] (26597/41724)
Back: n. <化>硼
分布：名词(100%)
→词源同borax, 硼砂。-on, 化学名词后缀，衍生自carbon.
US ['bɔ:r.ɑ:n] noun uncountable specialized
■a hard, yellow-brown chemical element used in nuclear reactors to absorb neutrons and in various compounds that are important in manufacturing 硼（一种非金属化学元素，质硬，黄褐色，用于核反应堆中以吸收中子；其化合物在制造业中非常重要）
n. [化学] 硼
 - boracium

Word: boulogne

Word: bugger
Front: bugger
[ˈbʌgə(r)] (21993/8281)
Back: n. 同性恋者，鸡奸者，兽奸者
vt. 与…鸡奸; 毁坏
时态：buggered, buggering, buggers
分布：家伙(35%)，鸡奸者(20%)，鸡奸(15%)，麻烦事(15%)，诅咒(15%)
→来自拉丁词Bulgarus, 现中欧国家Bulgaria. 据传当时11世纪的保加利亚异教徒常进行诸如此类不正常的性行为，因而得名。比较sodomy, 就来自于圣经中的罪恶之城Sodom。
US [-ɚ] noun countable UK offensive
■a silly or annoying person 蠢货，笨蛋，讨厌的家伙
• Well you shouldn't have drunk so much, should you, you daft bugger! 你本不该喝这么多酒的，对吧，你这笨家伙！
• The stupid bugger's given me the wrong ticket! 那个笨蛋给错了我票！
■informal
■used to or about someone that you feel sympathy for 可怜的人
• The poor bugger has nowhere else to sleep. 那可怜的家伙找不到其他地方睡觉。
■US informal
■a person or animal, especially a young one that you like very much 家伙（指人或动物）；（尤指）小东西，小家伙
• He's a cute little bugger, isn't he? 他是个可爱的小家伙，对吧？
■UK offensive
■something that is very difficult or annoying 讨厌的东西；困难的事
• This tin is a bugger to open. 这个罐头很难打开。
UK ['bʌg.ər] US [-ɚ] noun countable
bugger all UK offensive
■very little or nothing 甚么也没有；屁都没有
• You've done bugger all to help. 你帮了个屁忙。
• "How much do you know about marketing?" "Bugger all." “你对市场行销了解多少?”“啥也不懂。”
UK ['bʌg.ər] US [-ɚ] exclamation UK offensive
■used to express anger 讨厌的；非常，极
• Oh bugger, it's raining! 噢，该死，下雨了！
Bugger it!
■used to express great anger （表示非常恼火）该死！
• Bugger it! I'm going to miss my train. 该死！我要误火车了。
Bugger me!
■used to express great surprise （表示惊讶）老天！
• Bugger me! Did you see the speed that motorbike was going? 老天哪！你看到那辆摩托车开得有多快了吗？
UK ['bʌg.ər] US [-ɚ] verb transitive
DAMAGE 损坏 UK offensive
■to break or spoil something 弄坏，毁坏
• You've just buggered your chances of promotion! 你自己搞砸了晋升的机会！
UK ['bʌg.ər] US [-ɚ] verb transitive
HAVE SEX 性交 offensive or legal
■to have sex by putting the penis in another person's anus 鸡奸
UK ['bʌg.ər] US [-ɚ] verb transitive
I'm buggered if... UK offensive
■used to show that you certainly will not or cannot do something 坚决不做…
• I'm buggered if I'm going to lend him any more money. 我决不再借钱给他。
UK ['bʌg.ər] US [-ɚ] verb transitive
  Phrasal Verbs  bugger about UK offensive
■to waste time doing silly or not important things 干傻事，做蠢事；闲混
• Will you stop buggering about and get in here! 别在那里瞎混了，快过来帮一把！
UK ['bʌg.ər] US [-ɚ] verb transitive
  Phrasal Verbs  bugger sb about UK offensive
■to treat someone badly by wasting their time or causing them problems 故意浪费（某人）时间；给（某人）惹麻烦
• Stop buggering me about and tell me the truth! 别哄我，告诉我实情。
UK ['bʌg.ər] US [-ɚ] verb transitive
  Phrasal Verbs  bugger off UK offensive
■to leave or go away, used especially as a rude way of telling someone to go away （尤指粗鲁地叫别人）走开，离开
• By the time I got there you two had already buggered off! 我到那里时，你们俩已经走没影儿了！
• Bugger off, will you? 滚开，你这个饭桶！
UK ['bʌg.ər] US [-ɚ] verb transitive
  Phrasal Verbs  [M] bugger sth up UK offensive
■to damage something or cause problems by doing something stupid 弄坏；搞糟
• Mike's buggered up the video again. 麦克又把录影机弄坏了。
n. 家伙；同性恋者；鸡奸者
 - apple, customer, fellow, guy, bird
vt. 与…鸡奸；毁坏
 - destroy, damage

Word: buttonhole
Front: buttonhole
[ˈbʌtnhəʊl] (27210/22655)
Back: n. 钮扣孔
vt. 强迫听或谈
时态：buttonholed, buttonholing, buttonholes
分布：钮孔(64%)，强留某人谈话(12%)，纽孔上的花(12%)，在...上开钮孔(12%)
US ['bʌtˌ.ən.hoʊl] noun countable
■a hole that a button is pushed through to fasten a shirt, coat, etc. 扣眼
■mainly UK
■a flower that a man wears in the buttonhole of, or pinned to, his jacket on a special occasion such as a wedding (= a marriage ceremony) （男子在婚礼等场合）戴在扣眼上的花
UK ['bʌt.ən.həʊl] US ['bʌtˌ.ən.hoʊl] verb transitive
■to stop someone and make them listen to you 拦住（某人）让其听；引起（他人）注意
• Greg buttonholed me about sales figures when I came out of the meeting. 当我开完会出来时，葛列格拦住我跟我说了销售数据的事。

Word: brewster

Word: caid

Word: busker
Front: busker
['bʌskə(r)] (40090/26985)
Back: n. <英>（尤指伦敦街头）卖艺人（歌手或奏乐者）

Word: canaan

Word: carthage
Front: carthage
[ˈkɑ:θidʒ] (-/28164)
Back: n. 迦太基（非洲北部，今突尼斯的奴隶制城邦，腓尼基人所建，公元146年被罗马帝国所灭，见Punic Wars）
分布：名词(100%)

Word: caress
Front: caress
[kəˈres] (研托宝 11683/10613 -1)
Vocabulary: caress
(once / 429 pages)
vn
To caress someone or something means to stroke it gently in a loving or affectionate manner. Don't you love to caress the soft fur of your pet hamster or cat?
The word caress can be either a verb or a noun, both of which refer primarily to the affectionate petting or stroking of another. You can also use caress to mean any sort of kind or loving action, and it can be accomplished by things other than people. The soft wind can caress your skin as you walk towards the ocean’s edge. And who doesn't love the caress of smooth silk sheets against your skin when you get into bed?!
WORD FAMILY
caress: caressed, caresses, caressing+/caressing: caressings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sher delivers an eloquent performance in which words are caressed, sentences are elucidated, and the art of elocution is grandly paraded.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 30, 2016)
She caressed my pillow; I knew she was afraid to touch me and cause me pain.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
It shares with Wagner’s ‘Parsifal’ this idea of the wound of the world, and of a piece of music that can heal with its caress.”
Seattle Times(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: n. 爱抚，抚摸; 接吻; 拥抱
vt. 爱抚，抚摸; 怜爱，宠爱; 亲吻
时态：caressed, caressing, caresses
分布：爱抚(47%)，抚摸(34%)，拥抱(12%)，怜爱(7%)
→来自PIE *ka, 爱，喜欢。词源同charity, whore(爱人，委婉语妓女).
爱抚,拥抱[car,char=dear,表示"可爱的"]
vt.／n.爱抚,抚摸The hosttess caress the kitten in her arm.女主人把小猫抱在臂弯里抚摸着.
【记】读：可爱死了－爱抚
verb intransitive or transitive
■to touch or kiss someone in a gentle and loving way 爱抚；抚摸；亲吻
• Gently he caressed her cheek. 他轻抚她的脸颊。
vt. 爱抚，抚抱
 - daut, dawt
n. 爱抚，拥抱；接吻
 - petting, embracement

Word: cartwright

Word: castellan

Word: carnation
Front: carnation
[kɑ:ˈneɪʃn] (18352/15758 -1)
Back: n. 康乃馨，麝香石竹; 淡红色，肉色
adj. 淡红色的，肉色的
分布：名词(100%)
→来自coronation的拼写异化形式，原指用作花环的花。拼写受词根carn（肉）影响俗化，实际上大多数该类型花呈粉红肉，而非肉色。
康乃馨(carn肉+ation,康乃馨为肉色)"[-ion 1.表名词"动作或状态“2.表示"某种物,用品"]
【记】carn肉，康乃馨为肉红色
US [kɑ:r-] noun countable
■(a plant with) a small flower with a sweet smell, which is usually white, pink, or red 香石竹，康乃馨
n. [园艺] 康乃馨；肉色；粉红色
 - pink, fleshcolor

Word: chez
Front: chez
[ʃeɪ] (-/34814)
Back: prep. 于（某宅），在
分布：在(100%)
→来自拉丁词casa, 小屋，词源同casino, chalet.

Word: christy
Front: christy
[k'rɪstɪ] (-/26939)
Back: [体]挪威式转弯
分布：作制动转弯(100%)

Word: caviare

Word: chaste
Front: chaste
[tʃeɪst] (托雅宝 19618/20969)
Vocabulary: chaste
(once / 661 pages)
adj
If you belong to a chastity club, you might have to take a pledge to be chaste until marriage. Chaste can be defined as "pure and virtuous," but basically it means "not having sex."
This word is related to the Latin source of the verb castrate "to remove a man's testicles," so it's definitely related to sex. And chaste is from the same Latin source as the noun caste "a Hindu social class separated from other classes." So the word chaste means no sex, and the word caste means pure and virtuous.
WORD FAMILY
chaste: chastely, chasteness, chaster, chastest, chastity, unchaste+/ chastity: chastities/unchaste: unchastely, unchastest
USAGE EXAMPLES
Married women, in contrast, were expected to be chaste.
Economist(Nov 30, 2016)
You’re expected to come into the industry and abide by its codes, to silently smile through the “banter” and remain chaste.
The Guardian(Oct 17, 2016)
She also is chaste and virginal, the ideal victim in need of heroic intervention.
Salon(Sep 28, 2016)
Back: adj. 纯真的; （风格）简单的; 没有经过性交的; （性生活）忠于配偶的
分布：纯洁的(50%)，贞洁的(38%)，朴素的(12%)
→来自kes, 砍，劈，词源同caste, chasten.
纯洁的(chast=cast)[cast=pure,表示"纯洁"]
【记】chase（v 追求），中间有t她：追求她，因为她是贞节的。
【参】chastity（n 贞节，纯洁）
[tʃeɪst] formal
adjective
■not having had sex, or only having a sexual relationship with the person you are married to 纯洁的；贞洁的
• In the past, a woman needed to be chaste to make a good marriage. 过去，妇女要贞洁才会有好的婚姻。
• They exchanged a few chaste kisses (= not expressing sexual desire). 他们纯洁地互吻了几下。
■describes decoration or style that is very simple and smooth （装饰或风格）简洁朴实的
• I like the simple, chaste lines of their architecture. 我喜欢他们线条简洁朴实的建筑。
adj. 纯洁的；贞洁的；有道德的；朴素的
 - stainless, pure, white, plain

Word: charmless
Front: charmless
[ˈtʃɑ:mləs] (39726/37064)
Back: adj. 无魅力的，无吸引力的，不美的
分布：不美的.(34%)，无吸引力的.(33%)，无魅力的(33%)
US ['tʃɑ:rm-] disapproving
adjective
■unpleasant and without charm or interest 缺乏魅力的，无趣的
• I've always found him a most charmless individual. 我一直觉得他是个毫无魅力的人。
adj. 没有吸引力的；没有魅力的；不好看的
 - unattractive, unshapely

Word: castration
Front: castration
[kæ'streɪʃn] (21244/23093)
Back: n. 阉割
分布：去势(71%)，去雄(15%)，去药(7%)，削正(7%)
n. [兽医] 阉割； [农学] 去雄
 - asexualization, emasculation

Word: catharsis
Front: catharsis
[kəˈθɑ:sɪs] (宝 19148/33691)
Vocabulary: catharsis
(once / 30941 pages)
n
Use the noun catharsis to refer to the experience a person can have of releasing emotional tension and feeling refreshed afterwards.
Conceived by Aristotle as the cleansing effect of emotional release that tragic drama has on its audience, catharsis stems from a Greek verb meaning "to purify, purge." Today, it can be used to describe any emotional release, including a good long laugh or cry that is followed by a sense of balance and freshness afterwards.
WORD FAMILY
catharsis
USAGE EXAMPLES
“One of the benefits of doing a project like this is using my artistic abilities as a form of catharsis.”
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
“Hopefully there’s a real emotional catharsis that is more primal than intellectual.”
The Guardian(Dec 16, 2016)
There’s no real catharsis here, but many witty, unexpected surprises with the bittersweet ingredients of real life.
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Back: n. 宣泄; 情绪的抒发; 导泻; 感情（受艺术的作用而起的）净化
分布：净化(49%)，导泻(27%)，精神发泄(16%)，洗涤(8%)
→词源不详，由古希腊哲学家亚里士多德所创。词源同英语常见名Catherine.
导泻;精神发泄[cathar=pure(纯洁)]
【参】cathartic（n 泻药＝purgative）：净化肚子－泻药
【记】cathar读：卡撒（布兰卡）－一首净化心灵的情歌。
US [-'θɑ:r-] (plural catharses)
noun countable or uncountable
■the process of releasing strong emotions through a particular activity or experience, such as writing or theatre, which helps you to understand those emotions 情感宣泄，精神净化（如透过写作、戏剧等活动或经历）
n. [医] 泻法，导泻；净化；精神发泄
 - purification, distillation

Word: colorectal
Front: colorectal
[kəʊlə'rektəl] (22361/13634)
Back: adj. 结肠直肠的

Word: dervish
Front: dervish
[ˈdɜ:vɪʃ] (22952/27221)
Vocabulary: dervish
(once / 2381 pages)
n
A dervish is Muslim monk who is part of an order known for their wild ritualistic movements. A dervish's whirling is part of their religion.
A dervish is a Muslim holy man who, like a monk, lives a simple life away from the temptations of the world. The marvelous thing about this form of asceticism (it does involve poverty and chastity) is that dancing, whirling, or howling is also permitted, depending on the kind of dervish you are. Some forms are still practiced in the Sufi sect of Islam. This is the source of the term whirling dervish, which can apply to anyone who spins.
WORD FAMILY
dervish: dervishes
USAGE EXAMPLES
She practices Sufi whirling, a twirling style of dance associated with Persian dervishes that involves extended stretches of vigorous spinning in a meditative trance.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
The dervishes are miniature versions of the kilometers-tall storms that physically morph the surface of Mars.
Science Magazine(Dec 01, 2016)
At 3NY, Ms. Netrebko raced through the racks like a dervish, piling things on the counter: A red clutch adorned with “Nutcracker” figurines.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. （伊斯兰教的）托钵僧，（伊斯兰教的）苦修僧人
分布：回教的托钵僧(67%)，狂舞者(33%)
→来自土耳其语，穷人，乞丐，虔诚的修道者。
US ['dɝ:-] noun countable
■a member of a Muslim religious group which has an energetic dance as part of its worship （伊斯兰教的）托钵僧
• The children were spinning around like whirling dervishes. 孩子们像跳舞的托钵僧一样来回转圈。
n. 托钵僧
 - faquir, fakir

Word: debutante
Front: debutante
[ˈdebjutɑ:nt] (22142/33190)
Vocabulary: debutante
(once / 10844 pages)
n
A debutante is usually a wealthy girl whose parents wish to introduce her to society in a BIG way — in "a debutante ball" that looks like something out of a scene from Gone with the Wind.
In the United States, debutante balls usually, but not always, take place in the South and are a way to introduce wealthy young women to especially eligible young bachelors. The word debutante is derived from the French word debut, meaning “a first performance or showing.” The original French word debutante referred to a new actress making her first appearance on the stage. So, think of a debutante as a young woman making her debut in society.
WORD FAMILY
debutante: debutantes
USAGE EXAMPLES
And some boldface names are preparing to begin trading in the public markets next year, potentially providing ballast for a bigger wave of debutantes.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
She’s no longer the breathy debutante describing her decorating choices to the TV cameras.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
She called herself a “middle-aged debutante — even a Cinderella, as far as that kind of life was concerned.”
Washington Post(Nov 27, 2016)
Back: n. 初进社交界的上流社会年轻女子
分布：初次进入社交界的女子(100%)
→来自debut, 首次亮相。
US [-tɑ:nt] (also deb)
noun countable
■a rich young woman who, especially in the past in Britain, went to a number of social events as a way of being introduced to other young people of high social rank （尤指旧时英国）初次踏足社交界的上流社会年轻女子
• a debutantes' ball 初次在社交舞会露面

Word: drib
Front: drib
[drɪb] (37888/41603)
Back: n. 点滴，少量
vi. 点滴地落下
分布：少量(55%)，滴(27%)，点(18%)
n. 少量；一滴
 - bit, tad
vt. 使滴下；逐步指引
 - drip

Word: diaphragm
Front: diaphragm
[ˈdaɪəfræm] (14283/15737 -1)
Vocabulary: diaphragm
(once / 3946 pages)
n
Ever had the hiccups? Then you're familiar with your diaphragm, the large muscle that stretches across your midriff to support your lungs and help you breathe. When you get the hiccups, your diaphragm spasms uncontrollably.
The Greek word diáphragma referred to the body's midriff and came from the root phrágma, meaning "fence." This led to the Middle English diafragma, also referring to the muscular stretch below the lungs. The idea of a diaphragm as a contraceptive first surfaced in 1933. A diaphragm is also the part of the camera called a "stop," which adjusts the amount of light, and it is a thin, vibrating disc used in electronics to transfer sound.
WORD FAMILY
diaphragm: diaphragms
USAGE EXAMPLES
It exercises the diaphragm, reduces anxiety and could help with shortness of breath and clearing phlegm from the lungs.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 31, 2016)
The bullet passed through his lower back, breaking ribs, hitting his liver, gall bladder, spleen, diaphragm and right lung before exiting his upper chest.
BBC(Oct 28, 2016)
Her consciousness raises through the roof once she discovers that he’s pricked a hole in her diaphragm so she’ll get pregnant.
Washington Post(Oct 27, 2016)
Back: n. <机> 隔板; <解>横隔膜; <物>光圈; 快门
adj. 光圈的，隔膜的
分布：横隔膜(87%)，控光装置(13%)
→来自希腊语diaphragma,阻挡，障碍，dia-, 穿过，-phrag, 阻挡，词源同cataphract. 原指分开喉咙和腹腔之间的肌肉，后也用于指照机的光圈等。
noun countable
MUSCLE 肌肉
■the muscle which separates the chest from the lower part of the body 膈，膈膜，横隔膜
['daɪ.ə.fræm] noun countable
BIRTH CONTROL 节育
■a circular rubber device which a woman puts inside her vagina before having sex, to prevent herself from becoming pregnant 避孕隔膜，子宫帽
['daɪ.ə.fræm] noun countable
COVER 遮盖物 specialized
■any thin piece of material stretched across an opening 隔膜；膜片
n. [物] [植] 隔膜；快门， [摄] 光圈；横隔膜； [建] 隔板
 - septum, Something Between Us

Word: dogmatism
Front: dogmatism
[ˈdɒgmətɪzəm] (宝 26217/23976)
Vocabulary: dogmatism
(once / 6328 pages)
n
Dogmatism is a way of thinking that is stubborn and narrow-minded, often because of prejudice and bigotry.
This word has nothing to do with dogs. Rather, it has to do with being dogmatic: holding onto a view or set of views no matter what. The noun form is dogmatism, which is often a type of prejudice such as racism or sexism. Dogmatism includes a disregard for other people's opinions: there's no compromise possible.
WORD FAMILY
dogmatism: dogmatisms, dogmatist+/ dogma: dogmas, dogmata, dogmatic, dogmatical, dogmatise, dogmatism, dogmatize/ dogmatic: dogmatically, undogmatic/dogmatical: undogmatical/dogmatise: dogmatised, dogmatises, dogmatising/dogmatist: dogmatists/dogmatize: dogmatized, dogmatizes, dogmatizing/undogmatic: undogmatically
USAGE EXAMPLES
Such an ethos protects against dogmatism and groupthink, which are toxic to the health of any intellectual community.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 18, 2016)
“The term was always used ironically,” Perry says, “always calling attention to possible dogmatism.”
The Guardian(Nov 30, 2016)
They were freelance philosophers working independently of the universities, criticising mainstream views and liberating thought from its academic straitjacket and neo-Aristotelian dogmatism.
Economist(Sep 01, 2016)
Back: n. <贬>教条主义，独断论，武断; 郑人买履
分布：教条主义(78%)，武断(13%)，独断论(9%)
→来自dogma, 教条。
US ['dɑ:g.mə.tˌɪ-] disapproving
noun uncountable
■stating your opinions in a strong way and not accepting anyone else's opinions 独断；武断；教条
• There is a note of dogmatism in the book. 这本书显得很是教条。
n. 教条主义；独断，武断
 - doctrinairism, pragmatism

Word: electrics
Front: electrics
[ɪˈlektrɪks] None
Back: n. 电学
分布：电学(84%)，电力系统(16%)
[ɪ'lek.trɪks] UK
plural noun
■the electrical system of something, especially a car （尤指汽车的）电路，电力系统
• I think the fault is in the electrics. 我想是电路出故障了。
n. 电学；电气系统
 - electrical system, electric system

Word: emmy

Word: edginess
Front: edginess
['edʒɪnəs] (34059/41952)
Back: n. 刀口锐利，急躁
分布：急躁(63%)，刀口锐利(37%)
n. 刀口锐利；急躁
 - temperament, impatience

Word: droll
Front: droll
[drəʊl] (宝 23727/24892)
Vocabulary: droll
(once / 1373 pages)
adj
Need a mental picture for the word droll? Think of one of those cute-homely troll dolls — blend those two words together — "doll" and "troll" — and you get droll, a description of a figure that is adorably strange and whimsically cute.
The word droll comes from the archaic French word drolle, referring to a jolly good fellow. The French word comes perhaps from the Middle Dutch drolle, or "imp." The word came into English as both noun ("funny person, buffoon") and adjective ("funny, quaint, strange") in the 17th century.
WORD FAMILY
droll: droller, drollery, drollest+/drollery: drolleries
USAGE EXAMPLES
It’s a droll gem worth catching up on, because Season 2 is finally arriving in mid-January.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
Is Gilbert and Sullivan’s enduringly popular “The Mikado” a droll satire of Victorian England?
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
Primarily, and almost first in her class, she was famous for being famous—the living embodiment and droll parody of American celebrity.
Time(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 离奇古怪的，滑稽的
n. 离奇古怪，滑稽
adv. 古里古怪地，滑稽地
分布：滑稽(27%)，滑稽的(25%)，好笑的(18%)，逗趣的(12%)，离奇古怪(6%)，离奇古怪地(6%)，滑稽地(6%)
→词源同droll, 山精，巨怪。
【记】源于doll（n 洋娃娃；莎士比亚用doll形容美丽但无头脑的女子，比如：朱茵小姐）
【参】drollery（n 滑稽事；笑话）
【反】grave（n 墓穴；adj 严重的；严肃的）；serious（adj 严肃认真的）somber（adj 阴森的；忧郁的）
US [droʊl] adjective
■humorous, especially in an unusual way （尤指异常）可笑的，古怪离奇的
• a droll remark/expression/person 离奇可笑的说法／表情／人
adj. 滑稽的；好笑的；逗趣的
 - funny, comical
n. 小丑，滑稽可笑的人
 - clow, jester
vi. 开玩笑
 - fool, kid around, to play a joke, to joke

Word: elbe

Word: ebony
Front: ebony
[ˈebəni] (15149/22348)
Vocabulary: ebony
(once / 2128 pages)
nadj
Ebony is a very dark black color, or a south Asian tropical tree with hard, dark-colored heartwood. Black piano keys and black chess pieces are often made with ebony.
Used as a noun or adjective, ebony derives from Greek word ebenos, meaning "ebony" and was first used in the 17th century to describe a very dark black color. Cabinetry made out of ebony was very fashionable during the Victorian era because it was imported and considered exotic, but today, because it is considered a threatened species, its uses are limited to small objects, such as animal carvings or parts of musical instruments.
WORD FAMILY
ebony: ebonies, ebonise+/ebonise: ebonised
USAGE EXAMPLES
“We recline on our own satin and ebony.”
Time(Dec 20, 2016)
Ditto “Ebony and Ivory,” his sappy duet with Paul McCartney about racial harmony.
Slate(Dec 18, 2016)
For the fifth consecutive year, Ebony magazine honored 100 black professionals, entertainers and civic leaders at its annual banquet.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: n. 乌木，黑檀
adj. 乌木制的，似乌木的
分布：乌木(77%)，黑檀木制的(11%)，黑檀树(7%)，乌黑的(5%)
→来自拉丁词ebenus, 乌木。
noun uncountable
WOOD 木材
■a very hard dark wood of a tropical tree, used especially for making furniture （尤指用于制造家俱的）乌木，黑檀
['eb.ən.i] adjective literary
BLACK 黑的
■black 乌黑的
• her ebony hair 她乌黑的头发
adj. 乌木制的， [木] 黑檀木制的；似木的，黑檀木色的
 - ligneous
n. 乌木， [木] 黑檀
 - coromandel

Word: faust
Front: faust
[faʊst] (-/27645)
Back: n. 浮士德（欧洲中世纪传说中的人物，为获得知识和权力，向魔鬼出卖自己的灵魂）
分布：浮士德(100%)

Word: existentialism
Front: existentialism
[ˌegzɪˈstenʃəlɪzəm] (28940/35587)
Vocabulary: existentialism
(once / 18942 pages)
n
If you study philosophy, you learn about existentialism, a school of thought that claims people are responsible for creating meaning out of life — since the world is meaningless.
In a nutshell, existentialism, pronounced "eg-sih-STEN-shul-ism," asks what it means to be human when individuals have the power to shape their lives without being absolutely sure of what is good and what is evil. Kierkegaard and Nietzsche are usually regarded as the founders of existentialism, but other famous existentialists include Heidegger, Sartre, Camus, and de Beauvoir.
WORD FAMILY
existentialism: existentialist+/ coexist: coexisted, coexistent, coexisting, coexists/coexistence: coexistences/coexistent: coexistence, coexistently/ exist: coexist, existed, existent, existing, exists, preexist/ existence: existences, existential /existent: existence, existently, nonexistent, pre-existent/ existential: existentialism, existentially/existentialist: existentialists/ existing: pre-existing/nonexistence: nonexistences/ nonexistent: nonexistence/preexist: preexisted, preexistence, preexistent, preexisting, preexists/preexistence: preexistences
USAGE EXAMPLES
Their latest album, Existentialism, is a collection of new songs recorded live in pubs to get that same rowdy, spontaneous, participatory ambience.
Slate(Dec 28, 2016)
A lucid joint portrait of the writers and philosophers who embodied existentialism.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
This way of thinking is what used to be called existentialism, and Mr. Dylan is one of its great products.
New York Times(Oct 26, 2016)
Back: n. 存在主义
分布：存在主义(100%)
[ˌeg.zɪ'sten.tʃəl.ɪ.zəm] specialized
noun uncountable
■the modern system of belief made famous by Jean Paul Sartre in the 1940s in which the world has no meaning and each person is alone and completely responsible for their own actions, by which they make their own character 存在主义（尚•保罗•沙特在20世纪40年代创建的理论）

Word: fallibility
Front: fallibility
[ˌfælə'bɪlətɪ] (宝 28935/32724)
Vocabulary: fallibility
(once / 22093 pages)
n
Fallibility is the tendency to be wrong or make mistakes. Your fallibility in guessing the number of jelly beans in a jar means you can't count on getting the number right and winning a prize.
Fallibility is a quality that everyone has, since we all make misjudgments from time to time. You might remark on the fallibility of your little brother's plan to row a boat from Connecticut to Florida, especially if there's a hole in the boat and he's not a strong swimmer. The plan, in other words, has too many errors to work well. The Latin root is fallibilis, "liable to err or deceitful."
WORD FAMILY
fallibility: fallibilities+/ fallible: fallibility, infallible / infallibility: infallibilities/ infallible: infallibility, infallibly
USAGE EXAMPLES
“I goofed,” Gingrich said in a rare admittance of fallibility.
Salon(Dec 22, 2016)
They are artistic inspirations and reminders of fallibility in a world that adores him.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
And a conversation in Nguyen’s living room can skip across the geographies, sins and fallibilities of a vexing world.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: n. 易错，不可靠，易误
分布：不可靠(51%)，易错(31%)，易误(18%)
【反】inerrancy（n 无错误）
n. 易误；不可靠； [计] 出错性
 - uncertainty, unreliability

Word: flaccid
Front: flaccid
[ˈflæsɪd] (托宝 25540/32872)
Vocabulary: flaccid
(once / 9023 pages)
adj
If something is limp, loose, droopy, and wrinkly, you can call it flaccid, which rhymes with "acid." Think elephant skin, soggy asparagus, and the type of feeble handshakes frowned on in job interviews.
We get the word flaccid from the Latin flaccus, which meant "flabby." The meaning is pretty much the same today, though it applies to more than physical flab. Flaccid pops up in conversation to describe lackluster leadership, dull conversation, and even feeble attempts at word definitions. If a politician's election campaign is flaccid, it will surprise no one that he only receives two votes — one from his grandmother and the other from someone who accidentally checked the wrong box on the ballot.
WORD FAMILY
flaccid: flaccidity, flaccidly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Multiple news outlets reported Tuesday that the boy under age 10 has acute flaccid myelitis, also known as AFM.
Washington Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Health officials confirmed Tuesday that a Spokane County boy under the age of 10 is suffering from acute flaccid myelitis, or AFM.
Seattle Times(Nov 29, 2016)
The tonic came from outside, just as it had when Baldwin pushed against flaccid writing with a truly nasty Trump.
Time(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 软弱的; 无活力的; 松弛的
分布：软弱的(50%)，无活力的(30%)，没气力的(20%)
→来自辅音丛fl, 扑腾，拍打，拟声词。用来形容肌肉扑腾晃动的，松驰的。
松软的(flacc松开+id)[-id表形容词"如…的"]
【记】flac＝flab松弛
【参】flaccidity（n 软弱；无力）
【反】firmness（n 坚定；稳固）－flaccidity（n 软弱；无力）
adjective formal
■soft rather than firm; weak 松弛的；软弱的
• The penis is usually in a flaccid state. 阴茎通常处于松弛状态。
■disapproving
■weak and not effective 软弱无效的
• The program included a lacklustre and flaccid account of Rossini's Overture to "La gazza ladra". 节目单中对罗西尼的《贼鹊》序曲的介绍读来空洞乏味，根本无助于欣赏作品。
adj. [生理] [植] [医] 弛缓的；软弱的；无活力的
 - soft, anetic

Word: femme
Front: femme
[fem] (15794/35167)
Back: n. <法><俚>女人，妻子，女同性恋者
分布：=fem(100%)
妇女;妻子[女(1)gyn(o);gynec(o)(2)fem;femin]
n. 妻子；妇女；女同性恋者
 - wife, lady
adj. 娇柔的
 - feminine

Word: fils

Word: fireside
Front: fireside
[ˈfaɪəsaɪd] (22071/19556)
Back: n. 炉边
分布：炉边(77%)，家(20%)，在火炉边的(3%)
US ['faɪr-] noun countable usually singular
■the part of a room which surrounds a fireplace 火炉边；壁炉边
• She sat reading by the fireside. 她坐在壁炉边看书。
n. 炉边；家庭
 - family, house, race, hearthside
adj. 炉边的；非正式的
 - informal, casual

Word: firth
Front: firth
[fɜ:θ] (-/12340)
Back: n. 峡湾，河口湾
分布：河口湾(84%)，狭窄的海湾(16%)
→来自per, 向前，穿过，词源同far, ford. 在古诺斯语（即北欧语）用来指狭长海湾。
US [fɝ:θ] noun countable Scottish
■a long strip of sea reaching into the land 狭长海湾
• the Firth of Forth 福斯湾
n. 峡湾； [地理] 河口湾，三角港
 - fjord, forde

Word: gaijin
Front: gaijin
['gaɪdʒɪn] (41402/-)
Back: n. <日>外国人
n. （日）外国人；外人
 - foreigner, outlander

Word: futurology
Front: futurology
[ˌfju:tʃəˈrɒlədʒi] None
Back: n. 未来学
分布：未来学(100%)
→来自future, 未来。

Word: footbridge
Front: footbridge
[ˈfʊtbrɪdʒ] (25661/20398)
Back: n. 人行桥
分布：人行桥(67%)，人行天桥(33%)
noun countable
■a narrow bridge that is only used by people who are walking 人行桥，步行桥

Word: gantry
Front: gantry
[ˈgæntri] (26027/23551)
Back: n. 构台，桶架
分布：跨轨信号架(100%)
→词源不详。可能来自词根cant, 弯，转，词源同cantilever, decant. 即伸出的架子，塔架。
noun countable
■a tall metal frame that supports heavy machines such as cranes , railway signals or other equipment （起重机的）龙门架；（铁路信号灯的）跨轨信号架
n. 桶架；构台；起重机架（复数gantries）
 - gauntry

Word: gable
Front: gable
[ˈgeɪbl] (20782/12198)
Vocabulary: gable
(once / 2883 pages)
n
A gable is the triangular part of a house's exterior wall that supports a pointed or peaked roof. Gothic-style houses are well known for their many gables. Now that you know this word, you can picture Nathaniel Hawthorne's "House of the Seven Gables."
Houses and buildings with pitched roofs have front-facing or side-facing gables — or often, both. The shape and structure of these pointed gables help support a house's roof and give the building a particular architectural style. Gable, originally an Old French word meaning "facade or front," from the Old Norse gafl "gable-end, or gable."
WORD FAMILY
gable: gables
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Right there, that it sets it apart,” says the architect, who adds that he often punches out gable windows from those steep pitched, metal roofs.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 24, 2016)
The east end of the pavilion, the part showing here with five gables, hosted a variety of events, most involving dance.
Seattle Times(Oct 13, 2016)
It is often out of scale with its small lot and out of proportion with itself: inconsistent window sizes, dormers, and gables of contrasting style.
Slate(Oct 03, 2016)
Back: n. 尖顶屋两端的山形墙
分布：山墙(100%)
→来自ghebh, 叉子，词源同javelin. 因形似叉子而得名。
noun countable
■the triangular top end of the wall of a building where it meets the sloping parts of a roof 山墙，三角墙
n. [建] 山形墙；三角形饰物
 - pediment

Word: garret
Front: garret
[ˈgærət] (宝 24783/27312)
Vocabulary: garret
(once / 1123 pages)
n
A garret is a room at the very top of a house, just underneath the roof. If you don't have enough money to rent a proper room, you might be able to rent a garret.
Garret comes from the old French word guerite, which means "watchtower" or "sentry box." These days, a garret has nothing to do with war; it simply means the little room at the very top of a building, which is also called an attic. The idea of living in a garret is romantically associated with being a starving artist — great if you don't mind hunger and stooping over all the time because the roof is so low.
WORD FAMILY
garret: garrets
USAGE EXAMPLES
Garret Covington had 22 points and six rebounds for the Leathernecks.
Washington Times(Nov 19, 2016)
Consider the tubercular waifs of Puccini’s “La Bohème” burning manuscripts to stay warm in their Paris garrets.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 14, 2016)
It sounded like criticism of the heroic writer, alone in his garret, but there’s more to it than that.
The New Yorker(Oct 10, 2016)
Back: n. 顶楼，阁楼
分布：阁楼(72%)，顶楼(28%)
→来自wer, 保护，防御，词源同warrant, weir. 原指城堡眺望塔，后指阁楼小屋。
【记】gar花，ret＝rat老鼠：一间房子有老鼠的地方只有阁楼和地下室，但是既有老鼠，又有花的地方就是阁楼了，那里能见到太阳。
['gær.ɪt] literary
noun countable
■a very small uncomfortable room at the top of a house 顶楼；阁楼
n. [建] 阁楼；顶楼
 - mezzanine floor, cockloft

Word: genro

Word: governess
Front: governess
[ˈgʌvənəs] (23436/16601 -1)
Back: n. 女家庭教师; 女统治者; 女总督; 保姆
分布：女家庭教师(100%)
→govern, 管理。-ess, 表女性。用于指家庭女教师。
US [-ɚ.nəs] noun countable
■(especially in the past) a woman who lives with a family and teaches their children at home （尤指旧时的）家庭女教师
n. 女家庭教师
 - tutress

Word: gibberish
Front: gibberish
[ˈdʒɪbərɪʃ] (22916/33029)
Vocabulary: gibberish
(once / 7843 pages)
n
Gibberish is nonsense sounds or writing. A baby's babble is often called gibberish. When someone is speaking a foreign language you don't understand, what they're saying will sound to you like gibberish.
To gibber or jabber is to talk rapidly and excitedly without making any sense. Gibberish, ending in -ish like Spanish or English––is the name of the "language" people who gibber and jabber are speaking. It also applies to writing. If you have really bad handwriting, your teacher might say you write in gibberish.
WORD FAMILY
gibber: gibbered, gibbering, gibberish, gibbers
USAGE EXAMPLES
But he still mainly spoke in gibberish with the occasional movie phrase and seemed disengaged from the world around him.
The Guardian(Dec 03, 2016)
The next morning she realized it was gibberish.
Science Magazine(Nov 23, 2016)
She couldn’t talk, other than gibberish, but she kept trying to communicate with her eyes.
Salon(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: n. 令人费解的话，莫名其妙的话，胡扯; 混字; 无意义数据
分布：胡言乱语(91%)，莫名其妙的话(9%)
US [-ɚ-] disapproving
noun uncountable
■spoken or written words which are nonsense and have no meaning 莫名其妙的话（或文字）；文理不通的话（或文字）；胡扯
• I was so nervous, I just started talking gibberish. 我太紧张了，开始语无伦次起来。

Word: glucocorticoid
Front: glucocorticoid
[glu:kəʊ'kɔ:tɪkɔɪd] (42795/-)
Back: n. 糖（肾上腺）皮质激素
分布：名词(100%)

Word: gobbledygook
Front: gobbledygook
['gɒbldɪgʊk] (36649/44630)
Back: n. 官样文章
分布：官样文章(88%)，费解；啰嗦的语言(6%)，=gobbledegook.(6%)
n. 官样文章
 - red tape, officialese

Word: gran
Front: gran
[græn] (20368/8271 -1)
Back: n. <非>奶奶，外祖母
noun countable informal for
■ grandmother

Word: gravelly
Front: gravelly
[ˈgrævəli] (24451/33580)
Back: adj. 多碎石的，碎石构成的，铺有碎石的
分布：多碎石的(47%)，铺有碎石的(40%)，发出沙哑声的(13%)
adjective
VOICE 声音
■If a voice, especially a man's voice, is gravelly, it is low and rough. （尤指男性声音）低沉沙哑的
['græv.əl.i] adjective
SUBSTANCE 物质
■like or containing gravel 像沙砾的；含碎石的
• gravelly soil 多沙砾的土壤
adj. 多碎石的；铺有碎石的；碎石构成的；声音粗哑的
 - shingly, rubbly

Word: hairline
Front: hairline
[ˈheəlaɪn] (15680/19629)
Back: n. 极细的织物
分布：发际线(86%)，头发轮廓线(14%)
US ['her-] noun countable
■the edge of a person's hair, especially along the top of the forehead (= part of the face above the eyes) （尤指人前额处的）发线
• He's got a receding hairline (= He's losing his hair at the front of the head). 他的额头开始秃了。
UK ['heə.laɪn] US ['her-] adjective [before noun]
■(of cracks or lines) very narrow （裂缝或线）非常细的
• a hairline fracture 很细的裂缝

Word: guilder
Front: guilder
[ˈgɪldə(r)] (39593/26601)
Back: n. 盾（荷兰货币单位）
分布：名词(100%)
→来自古荷兰语gulden的拼写讹误，同golden.
US [-dɚ] noun countable
■the standard unit of money used in the Netherlands before they started using the euro, and also used in Suriname 盾（欧元流通前荷兰的标准货币单位，亦用于苏利南）
n. 荷兰盾（荷兰货币单位，等于Florin）；金币（或银币，等于gilder或gulden）
 - yellow boy, gold coin

Word: gull
Front: gull
[gʌl] (托宝 12178/9078)
Vocabulary: gull
(once / 1398 pages)
1n 2nv
You know those birds that hang out by the ocean, and grab your sandwich if you aren't paying attention? Those are gulls, also known as sea gulls. Gulls are found in every continent, including Antarctica.
The noun gull has two very distinct definitions. Gulls are shore birds, of course, but lesser-used meaning of the word is "a person who is easy to fool." Your little brother might be a gull if you can trick him into doing your chores along with his own. You may know the related word gullible, which describes a willingness to believe anything, without questioning whether it is true.
WORD FAMILY
gull: gulled, gulling, gulls
USAGE EXAMPLES
The duck-size creature looked like a cross between a sea gull and a cormorant, but with a beak full of teeth.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The charity said its wildlife workers are more used to dealing with gulls and terns.
BBC(Dec 16, 2016)
BOWDOINHAM, Maine — The striped bass arrived with a bang this spring on Maine’s Kennebec River, a melee of swirling currents, careening gulls and breaking fish.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: n. 鸥
vt. 欺骗某人
时态：gulled, gulling, gulls
分布：鸥(82%)，易受骗之人(8%)，骗(8%)，诈欺(2%)
→来自凯尔特语。
[gʌl] (also seagull)
noun countable
■a sea bird with black and white or grey and white feathers 海鸥
n. [鸟] 鸥；笨人；易受骗之人
 - simp, schmuck
vt. 骗；欺诈
 - hornswoggle, rip off

Word: hayashi

Word: hedgerow
Front: hedgerow
[ˈhedʒrəʊ] (22821/10196 -1)
Back: n. 绿篱; 灌木篱墙; 栅篱
分布：矮木树篱(100%)
US [-roʊ] noun countable
■a line of different types of bushes and small trees growing very close together, especially between fields or along the sides of roads in the countryside （尤指田间或乡间路旁的）灌木树篱

Word: hairpin
Front: hairpin
[ˈheəpɪn] (20561/21226)
Vocabulary: hairpin
(once / 7792 pages)
n
A hairpin is a small clip or pin that's used to secure hair in place. A bride's fancy braided hairdo usually requires many hairpins and plenty of hairspray to hold it.
A bobby pin is one type of hairpin, a small bent piece of metal that pins strands of hair against the scalp. Most hairpins share this narrow, bent shape, and it's from this sharp angle that the term "hairpin turn" gets its name. A bend in a road that doubles back in a tight curve is a hairpin turn or a hairpin bend. This slang meaning dates from the early 20th century.
WORD FAMILY
hairpin: hairpins
USAGE EXAMPLES
Bear right at the first V-intersection, and again at the next sharp hairpin, staying always on the main, wide trail.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Mr. Harris, the theater’s manager and a former boxer known as the Human Hairpin, took the bantamweight title in 1901.
New York Times(Nov 04, 2016)
As they exit the Queensboro Bridge, athletes swing a hairpin turn onto 59th Street and into a wall of sound from the crowd.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. 发夹
分布：簪(53%)，束发夹(28%)，夹发针(19%)
US ['her-] noun countable
■a thin metal U-shaped pin which is used to hold part of the hair in a suitable position （U 形）簪，发夹

Word: hemline
Front: hemline
[ˈhemlaɪn] (25555/26816 -1)
Back: n. 底缘，底边
分布：底边(100%)
→hem,褶边，line,线。引申词义裙下摆。
noun countable
■the length of a skirt or dress, or the lower edge of a skirt or dress 裙长；（裙子的）下摆
• In the 1960s hemlines suddenly shot up with the introduction of the miniskirt. 20世纪60年代，由于迷你裙的出现，裙子的下摆骤然上移。

Word: hickey
Front: hickey
[ˈhɪki] (32577/27562)
Back: n. 器械，唇印
分布：丘疹(26%)，弯管器(25%)，螺纹接合器(25%)，吻痕(16%)，新发明的玩意(8%)
→词源不详，可能缩写自doohickey,小玩意儿，小装置。或也可能来自人名Richard昵称，用以代替叫不出名字的物件。
noun countable US (UK love bite)
■a temporary red mark on someone's skin, often their neck, where someone has sucked or bitten it as a sexual act 吻痕（情侣亲热时在皮肤上留下的痕迹，常位于颈部）
n. 器械；唇印； [机] [电] 螺纹接合器；弯管器
 - instrument, appliance, tool

Word: hanky
Front: hanky
[ˈhæŋki] (25460/22613)
Back: n. <口>手帕
分布：=hankie(100%)
noun countable (also hankie) informal
■a handkerchief (= square piece of cloth used for cleaning the nose and drying the eyes) 手帕
n. 手帕
 - handkerchief, noserag

Word: hued
Front: hued
[hju:d] (41881/-)
Back: adj. 有某种色调的
分布：有某种色调的(100%)
v. 给…着色（hue的过去式）
 - colorized

Word: horseless
Front: horseless
['hɔ:slɪs] (36511/48801)
Back: adj. 无马的，不用马的，自行推进的
分布：无马的(54%)，不用马的(46%)

Word: hideaway
Front: hideaway
[ˈhaɪdəweɪ] (17541/24015)
Back: n. 隐避处
分布：退隐处(46%)，潜伏处(29%)，隐匿处(25%)
noun countable informal
■a place where someone goes when they want to relax away from other people 藏身处；退隐处
n. 潜伏处；隐匿处；退隐处
 - concealment, nook

Word: hypersensitive
Front: hypersensitive
[ˌhaɪpəˈsensətɪv] (托 27381/27692)
Back: adj. 过敏的，高度灵敏的
分布：过份敏感的(100%)
→hyper-,超过的，过度的，sensitive,敏感的。
过敏的(hyper+sensitive敏感的)[hyper-表示"超过,太多"]
US [-pɚ'sent.sə.tˌɪv] adjective
■too easily upset by criticism 过于敏感的
• He's hypersensitive about his height. 他对自己的身高过于敏感。
■very easily influenced, changed or damaged, especially by a physical activity or effect 过敏的
• hypersensitive skin 过敏性皮肤
adj. [医] 过敏的；高灵敏度的；超感光度的
 - irritable, touchy

Word: illustrative
Front: illustrative
[ˈɪləstrətɪv] (16962/15172)
Vocabulary: illustrative
(once / 2583 pages)
adj
A fight with your brother over who ate the most food may be illustrative of your competitive relationship with him. Something illustrative means it is a telling example of something else.
Within this word, you see illustrate which means to make something clear by using pictures or examples. Something is illustrative when it paints a perfect picture of a subject. If you're trying to describe something, an illustrative example might make it easier for your audience to understand what you mean. The tidiness of your sock drawer might be illustrative of your compulsive (or messy) nature.
WORD FAMILY
illustrative: illustratively+/ illustrate: illustrated, illustrates, illustrating, illustration, illustrative, illustrator / illustration: illustrations/ illustrator: illustrators
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Politics can be a moral arena where people come together to find common ground,” Jackson said, before moving on to an extended and illustrative metaphor.
Slate(Nov 27, 2016)
Both video and still photos will serve as an illustrative backdrop to the music.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Faces are no longer seamed, nor are raindrops stippled on the windowpane, cats high-tailed in a turf war, postage stamps vividly illustrative.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 用作说明的，解说性的
adv. 用作说明地，解说性地
分布：说明的(100%)
US [ɪ'lʌs.trə.tˌɪv] formal
adjective
■helping to explain or prove something 起说明作用的，作为例证的
• Falling house prices are illustrative of the crisis facing the construction industry. 房价的下跌足以说明建筑业所面临的危机。
adj. 说明的；作例证的；解说的
 - expository, explanative

Word: interdiction
Front: interdiction
[ˌɪntəˈdɪkʃn] (19600/-)
Back: n. 禁止; 禁治产
分布：禁止(55%)，封锁(45%)
→来自interdict,禁令。引申词义禁运，封锁。
n. 禁止，制止；封锁
 - investment, prohibition

Word: intermarry
Front: intermarry
[ˌɪntəˈmæri] (26468/45143)
Back: vi. 不同种族[国家、教派]间的通婚; 近族通婚，近亲结婚
时态：intermarried, intermarrying, intermarries
分布：近亲结婚(72%)，内部通婚(14%)，不同家族间通婚(14%)
→inter-,在内，在中间，相互，marry,结婚。引申词义在不同种族间通婚。

Word: jat

Word: iterative
Front: iterative
['ɪtərətɪv] (25217/27737)
Vocabulary: iterative
(once / 168848 pages)
adjn
If your boss asks you to be iterative in your sales speech, she means she wants you to repeat the main points many times.
An iteration is a repetition, so something that's iterative is a repeated appearance. When you listen to a symphony, the theme that keeps returning is iterative. You might recognize the word best from the more common reiterate, which means to restate. When after lecturing your kid sister on doing the dishes, you restate the rules of the house — wash what you dirty! — that is the iterative part of your lecture. I think she gets it.
TASTY MORSELS
Vocabulary Shout-Out: Is the iPhone at an "Iterative Dead End"?
Reacting to Apple's "iPhone bonanza" on Tuesday, Wired writer Kyle VanHemert used iterative when reflecting on the new iPhone 5C.
The holes on the iPhone 5C’s case…have zero functional purpose. They’re purely aesthetic. And in that light, you can see them as a sort of admission on the part of Apple. Jony Ive’s fanatical attention to detail, in a way, painted the iPhone into a monochrome corner. Maybe the iPhone 5 did really represent some sort of end of the road for smartphone design—at least in the current understanding of those devices. Maybe it had reached an iterative dead end, leaving no outward surface left for Ive to work his magic.
Iterative means "repeating." You might use the word to talk about a musical theme that recurs in a song or a symphony. Or the way a geometry teacher makes his class repeat the Pythagorean theorem out loud every time it comes up. Recently, however, iterative has acquired a new shade of meaning.
In a New York Times " On Language" column, Vocabulary.com lexicographer Ben Zimmer writes about this new sense of iterative (as well as iterate, iteration, and iterating) in business and technology contexts. The latest update of the Facebook interface, he explains, can be referred to as the latest iteration, and a company that is iterative is one that embraces experimentation and change.
This was the sense VanHemert was invoking when referring to the "iterative dead end" of Apple's iPhone. They had run out of ways to make it better, or iterate, the phone. Or, as VanHemert continued, "maybe they’d chamfered all they could chamfer."
Chamfer? Yes, you heard that right. Not only did VanHemert let iterative fly, he followed it up with another fantastic vocabulary specimen! Chamfer is a carpentry term that means to bevel, or round, a 90-degree angle. To see usage examples, visit chamfer's page in our Dictionary.
WORD FAMILY
iterative: iteratively+/ iterate: iterated, iterates, iterating, iteration, iterative, reiterate / iteration: iterations/ reiterate: reiterated, reiterates, reiterating, reiteration, reiterative/reiteration: reiterations
USAGE EXAMPLES
The game hides everything in plain sight, and its mysteries are generally iterative, one process or solution suggesting another.
Time(Dec 05, 2016)
He said critical technical and logistical capabilities have been "iteratively stripped out".
BBC(Sep 16, 2016)
Iterative engineering gets us better and more effective stuff for the same price or lower.
Slate(Sep 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 重复的，反复的，迭代的
n. 反复体
分布：迭代的(82%)，重复的(18%)
US ['ɪtˌ.ə.reɪ.tˌɪv] formal or specialized
adjective
■doing something again and again, usually to improve it （通常为了改进）重复的，反复的
• iterative processes 重复的过程
adj. [数] 迭代的；重复的，反复的
 - repeated, reduplicative

Word: jammer
Front: jammer
['dʒæmə] (29247/49402)
Back: n. 干扰发射台[机]，U型钢丝芯撑; 干扰机
分布：干扰机(77%)，干扰发射机(23%)
n. [电讯] 干扰发射机；U型钢丝芯撑
 - disturber

Word: jotting
Front: jotting
['dʒɒtɪŋ] (-/25221)
Back: n. 简短的笔记，略记
v. 匆忙记下( jot的现在分词 ); 草草记下，匆匆记下
分布：匆匆记下的东西(100%)

Word: landlady
Front: landlady
[ˈlændleɪdi] (研四六雅 17554/10202 -1)
Back: n. 女房东; 女地主; （旅店或寄宿舍的）女店主
分布：女房东(100%)
→比喻用法。
n.女房东,女地主She is the landlady of this house.她是这座房子的女房东.
noun countable
OWNER 所有者
■a woman who is paid rent by people for the use of a room, building, or piece of land which she owns 女房东；女地主
['lændˌleɪ.di] noun countable
BAR MANAGER 酒吧经理
■a woman who is in charge of a pub or bar 酒吧女老板，酒馆女老板
n. 女房东；女地主；女店主
 - hostess

Word: karate
Front: karate
[kəˈrɑ:ti] (14620/12972 -1)
Vocabulary: karate
(once / 15134 pages)
n
Karate is a Japanese martial art, or a sport of hand-to-hand combat. When you learn karate, you practice kicks and blows against an opponent.
Karate practitioners use their palms, heels, knees, and elbows to strike their opponents' weak spots, and they block blows to their own bodies. When you do karate, you wear a white belted uniform called a gi, with the color of the belt corresponding to your level of expertise. A black belt signifies the highest level of karate practice. In Japanese, karate means "empty hand."
WORD FAMILY
karate
USAGE EXAMPLES
I also eventually earned a black belt in karate.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Earlier this month, the kindergartner earned his first belt at Bill Taylor’s Bushido School of Karate.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Franz is a promoter with the Professional Karate Commission, an 11-time world karate champion and a multiple hall of fame inductee, he said.
Washington Times(Dec 19, 2016)
Back: n. <日>空手道（日本的一种徒手自卫武术）
分布：名词(100%)
→来自日语，kara,空的，可能来自日本化汉语空，te,手，可能来自日本化汉语手。
US [-tˌi] noun uncountable
■a sport originally from Japan in which people fight using their arms, legs, hands and feet. The level of skill a person has is shown by what colour belt they wear. 空手道（源于日本的一种徒手武术）

Word: kentish

Word: leno
Front: leno
['liːnəʊ] None
Back: n. 纱罗织法，纱罗织物
分布：纱罗织法(50%)，纱罗织物(50%)

Word: kwacha

Word: libra

Word: luckless
Front: luckless
[ˈlʌkləs] (31852/21218)
Back: adj. 不幸的
分布：不幸的(89%)，坏运气的(11%)
['lʌk.ləs] literary
adjective
■describes someone who has a lot of bad luck 倒楣的，不走运的
• The luckless defender, Mark Emery, sustained his third injury of the season. 后卫马克‧爱默里很不走运，他在本赛季已经是第三次受伤了。
adj. 不幸的，运气不好的
 - evil, unfortunate, unlucky, tragic

Word: lowdown
Front: lowdown
['ləʊdaʊn] (23639/49394)
Back: n. <俚>内幕，真相，实情
分布：真相(58%)，实情(42%)
n. 真相；内幕
 - fact, veritas

Word: longish
Front: longish
[ˈlɒŋɪʃ] (26445/20958)
Back: adj. 稍长的，略长的
分布：稍长的(71%)，较长的(29%)
US ['lɑ:ŋ-] adjective
■quite long 很长的，相当长的

Word: login
Front: login
[ˈlɒgɪn] None
Back: n. 注册; 登录
vt. & vi. [电脑]登录，进入系统
分布：登录(92%)，注册(8%)
→来自log,记录，-in,进。引申词义登录。
US ['lɑ:g-] specialized
noun countable
■'Login' often appears in an on-screen key that you click (= press) with your mouse as part of the process to start using a computer which is connected to a computer system. 进入系统，登录
⇒ See also log in/on at log
n. [计] 进入系统
 - logon
vt. [计] 登录；注册
 - log on, register for
vi. [计] 登录；注册
 - log on, register for

Word: mannerism
Vocabulary: mannerism
(once / 4915 pages)
n
Does someone you know always shrug in a particular way or say "You know what I mean?" at the end of every sentence? Well, that's a mannerism, a habitual gesture or way of speaking.
Generally, we don't use then term mannerism as a critical term for our friends' behavior, but when applied as a term of art criticism, it can be a negative thing. If a critic talks about a writer's mannerisms, for example, it's probably intended as an insult — suggesting they're writing in a lazy or clichéd way. However, Mannerism, with a capital "M," refers to a specific 16th-century Italian style of painting known for its artificial (as opposed to naturalistic) effects.
WORD FAMILY
mannerism: mannerisms+/ manner: mannerism, mannerly, manners /mannerly: unmannerly/ manners: mannerses, mannerss
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the early days of transplants, some believed that a transplant recipient would adopt mannerisms or personality traits from the donor.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
“The vocalization,” she wrote, “is often done by people with horrid voices and sentimental mannerisms.”
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Maybe there’s something a little dated in the mannerism that Mr. Redbone brings to his evocation of the Delta bluesman Robert Johnson.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)

Word: menopausal
Front: menopausal
[ˌmenə'pɔ:zl] (20400/37380)
Back: adj. 绝经期的，更年期的，有绝经期（或更年期）症状的
分布：更年期的(100%)
adj. 绝经期的，更年期的
 - involutional

Word: mendacity
Front: mendacity
[menˈdæsəti] (宝 35259/44588)
Vocabulary: mendacity
(once / 7481 pages)
n
Mendacity is a tendency to lie. Your friend might swear that he didn't eat your secret chocolate stash, but you'll find it hard to believe him if he's known for his mendacity.
Anyone in the habit of lying frequently has the characteristic of mendacity. People often accuse government officials of mendacity, or being less than honest. You're bound to get frustrated by the mendacity of your friend who's a pathological liar. Mendacity comes from the Latin root word mendacium, or "lie." Don't confuse mendacity with a similar-sounding word, audacity — which means "fearlessness, daring, or bravery."
WORD FAMILY
mendacity: mendacious, mendacities+/ mendacious: mendaciously
USAGE EXAMPLES
As usual, Trump led with mendacity, misrepresenting the costs of the program.
Seattle Times(Dec 07, 2016)
It is also a timely reminder that the forces of avarice, corruption, self-delusion and mendacity remain a constant in human history.
Time(Dec 07, 2016)
Trump arrives in Washington claiming to be the only honest man in a world of mendacity.
Washington Post(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: n. 虚伪; 谎言
分布：虚假(67%)，撒谎(33%)
→来自mendacious,撒谎的，捏造的。
虚假;说谎(mend缺点;参考:amend弥补,改正)[-acity表名词"有…倾向"]
虚假(mendac说荒)[-ity表名词,指具备某种性质]
【反】truthfulness（n 真实；坦率）；candor（n 坦白；直率）；honesty（n 诚实；正直）；veracity（n 说真实话）
US [-tˌi] noun uncountable formal
■the act of not telling the truth 撒谎习惯；说谎
• Politicians are often accused of mendacity. 政客常被指责说谎成性。
n. 谎言；虚伪；撒谎癖
 - lie, fiction, leasing

Word: martini

Word: masterwork
Front: masterwork
[ˈmɑ:stəwɜ:k] (21708/34622)
Back: n. 极品，名著
分布：杰作(75%)，代表作(25%)
n. 杰作；名著
 - classic, chefdoeuvre

Word: montserrat

Word: moralism
Front: moralism
['mɒrəlɪzəm] (27204/-)
Back: n. 道德教育，格言，道德准则
分布：道德主义(93%)，说教(7%)
n. 道德主义；格言；教训
 - lesson, lecture

Word: met
Front: met
[met] (-/10641)
Back: v. 相遇( meet的过去式和过去分词 ); 相识; 开会; 接触（某物）
分布：动词meet的过去式和过去分词形式.(100%)
→缩写自Meteorological,the Metropolitan Opera House in New York,the Metropolitan Police in London.
verb past simple and past participle of
■ meet
[met] adjective [before noun] (usually Met) mainly UK informal for
■ meteorological
• the Met Office 国家气象局

Word: mountaintop
Front: mountaintop
[ˈmaʊntəntɒp] (14089/-)
Back: n. 山顶
分布：山顶(100%)
US [-tən'tɑ:p] noun countable
■the top of a mountain 山顶
⇒ See also peak;summit
n. 山顶
 - hillcrest, crest

Word: monsignor

Word: milligram
Front: milligram
[ˈmɪligræm] (-/26596 -K1)
Back: n. 毫克（千分之一克）
分布：毫克(100%)
→milli-,毫，gram,克。
(UK also milligramme) ['mɪl.ɪ.græm] noun countable (written abbreviation mg)
■a unit of mass which is equal to 0.001 grams 毫克

Word: nonchalant
Front: nonchalant
[ˈnɒnʃələnt] (宝 20830/24264 -1)
Vocabulary: nonchalant
(once / 2269 pages)
adj
If your friend is acting cool, unconcerned or in an indifferent manner, call him nonchalant — like when he saunters by a group of whispering, giggling girls and just nods and says, "Hey."
If you act nonchalant, you are literally acting cool, as nonchalant traces back to non- "not" and Latin calēre "to be warm." Isn't that cool? Sometimes, a nonchalant person acts indifferent or uninterested, but really cares very much. If you give a girl a nonchalant smile, you definitely want her to notice you! Even though it begins with non, nonchalant has no positive form — chalant is not a word.
WORD FAMILY
nonchalant: nonchalance, nonchalantly
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Postcards From the Edge” was Ms. Fisher’s roman à clef that portrayed Ms. Reynolds as a kind of nonchalant, casually narcissistic gorgon of a mother.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
I would act nonchalant and just express my opinion, and people believed me.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
South Carolina’s residents remained peaceful following the Scott shooting, but to nonchalant bureaucracy peace appears to be identical to passivity.
The New Yorker(Dec 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 漠不关心的，冷淡的; 漫不经心的; 不感兴趣的; 恬然
分布：冷淡的(49%)，不关心的(29%)，若无其事的(22%)
→non-,无，非，-chal,热的，词源同calorie.引申词义不热的，冷的，不关心的。
冷漠的(non+chalant关心的→不关心的)[non-表示"不,非"]
【记】non没有，chalant＝challenge（n /v 挑战）一没有挑战的事情不令人关心－冷漠的
【参】noncommittal（adj 不承担义务的）；nonconformity（n 不墨守成规）；noncontemporaneous（adj 非同一时期的）
US [ˌnɑ:n.ʃə'lɑ:nt] adjective
■behaving in a calm manner, often in a way which suggests you are not interested or do not care 若无其事的；漠不关心的；毫不在乎的
• a nonchalant manner/shrug 冷淡的态度／不屑的耸肩
adj. 冷淡的，漠不关心的
 - cold, lukewarm

Word: munificence
Front: munificence
[mju:'nɪfɪsns] (宝 40252/38536)
Vocabulary: munificence
(once / 5344 pages)
n
Munificence is the quality of being extremely generous, like showering your girlfriend with lots of expensive gifts and candy on Valentine's Day.
Munificence comes from the Latin word, munificentia, which literally means "present-making." Santa Claus shows great munificence every year by bringing presents to children, even if sometimes they've been naughty. Munificence can refer to any kind of generosity or ease in giving. A millionaire who donates time and money to help support the less fortunate shows munificence. Of course, munificence is easy for those with millions!
WORD FAMILY
munificence: munificences+/ munificent: munificence, munificently
USAGE EXAMPLES
The munificence of the large tech firms raises the stakes for others.
Economist(Nov 03, 2016)
For Duterte, whose country has missed out on Beijing’s regional munificence as a result of the South China Sea feud, there was a prize too.
The Guardian(Oct 21, 2016)
Where politicians and bureaucrats failed in their duty, the King would strive to plug the gaps through his own munificence.
Time(Oct 13, 2016)
Back: n. 宽宏大量，慷慨给与
分布：宽宏大量(72%)，慷慨给与(28%)
【反】stinginess（n 小气）
n. 慷慨给与；宽宏大量
 - generosity, magnanimity

Word: negativity
Front: negativity
[ˌnegəˈtɪvəti] (18249/28615)
Vocabulary: negativity
(once / 37285 pages)
1n 2n 3n 4n
Negativity is a tendency to be downbeat, disagreeable, and skeptical. It's a pessimistic attitude that always expects the worst.
Negative outcomes are bad outcomes, like losing a game, getting a disease, suffering an injury, or getting something stolen. Negativity is an attitude that always expects such negative things to happen. "I bet it'll rain during our picnic!" and "No one could ever love me!" are examples of negativity. "The world is getting worse and worse!" is negativity. Someone full of negativity is hard to cheer up, and they always expect the worst. The opposite of negativity is positivity.
WORD FAMILY
negativity: negativities+/ negate: negated, negates, negating, negation, negative / negation: negations/ negative: negatived, negatively, negativeness, negatives, negativing, negativism, negativity, nonnegative/negativism: negativisms, negativist/negativist: negativists
USAGE EXAMPLES
“When I hear negativity,” Ms. Sullivan said, “I’m like, ‘O.K., but he’s very good here.’”
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
“This is what America really thrives on is jurors that really care. They’re not caught up in negativity.”
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
The researchers also found that parents who mistake their adolescent’s vulnerable emotions for negativity may place them at greater risk for developing delinquent behaviors.
Time(Dec 16, 2016)
Back: n. 否定性，消极性; 负性
分布：否定性(54%)，消极性(46%)
→来自negative,负极的。
ADJ-GRADED
(事实、局势或经历)不悦的，沮丧的，有害的
A fact, situation, or experience that is negative is unpleasant, depressing, or harmful.
例：The news from overseas is overwhelmingly negative...来自海外的消息特别不容乐观。
例：All this had an extremely negative effect on the criminal justice system.这一切对刑事司法制度产生了极坏的影响。
ADJ-GRADED
消极的;悲观的
If someone is negative or has a negative attitude, they consider only the bad aspects of a situation, rather than the good ones.
例：When asked for your views about your current job, on no account must you be negative about it...被问及你对自己目前工作的看法时，无论如何不要流露出消极情绪。
例：Why does the media present such a negative view of this splendid city?媒体为什么对这座光彩夺目的城市持如此悲观的看法？
ADJ
(回答或决定)否定的，表示否认的
A negative reply or decision indicates the answer 'no'.
例：Dr Velayati gave a vague but negative response...韦拉亚提医生给了一个含糊而否定的回答。
例：Upon a negative decision, the applicant loses the protection offered by Belgian law...一旦得到否定裁决，申请人就失去了比利时法律的保护。
N-COUNT
否定词;否定语;否定表示
A negative is a word, expression, or gesture that means 'no' or 'not'.
例：In the past we have heard only negatives when it came to following a healthy diet.说到遵循健康饮食习惯，我们过去听到的都是否定的说法。
ADJ
(语法中)否定句的，否定式的
In grammar, a negative clause contains a word such as 'not', 'never', or 'no-one'.
ADJ
(医学检查或科学试验)呈阴性的，结果为否定的
If a medical test or scientific test is negative, it shows no evidence of the medical condition or substance that you are looking for.
例：So far 57 have taken the test and all have been negative.到目前为止，参加测试的有57人，测试结果均呈阴性。
例：...negative test results.阴性测试结果
N-COUNT
(摄影的)负片，底片
In photography, a negative is an image that shows dark areas as light and light areas as dark. Negatives are made from a camera film, and are used to print photographs.
ADJ
负的;负极的
A negative charge or current has the same electrical charge as an electron.
例：Stimulate the site of greatest pain with a small negative current.以微弱负电流刺激疼得最厉害的部位。
ADJ
(数字、数量等)小于零的，负的
A negative number, quantity, or measurement is less than zero.
例：The weakest students can end up with a negative score.最差的学生可能会以负分收场。
PHRASE
(指回答)否定的，否定地
If an answer is in the negative, it is 'no' or means 'no'.
例：The Council answered those questions in the negative...委员会对那些问题的答复是否定的。
例：Seventy-nine voted in the affirmative, and none in the negative.79人投赞成票，没有人投反对票。
PHRASE
否定句的;否定式的
If a sentence is in the negative, it contains a word such as 'not', 'never', or 'no-one'.
例：'I went' in the negative is 'I did not go'.I went (我去了)的否定式是 I did not go (我没去)。

Word: newspaperman
Front: newspaperman
[ˈnju:zpeɪpəmæn] (23501/37114)
Back: n. 报社记者，新闻编辑
分布：新闻工作者(78%)，报业经营者(22%)
n. 新闻记者；新闻工作者
 - journalist, news reporter

Word: obtrusive
Front: obtrusive
[əbˈtru:sɪv] (30116/19779)
Vocabulary: obtrusive
(once / 1773 pages)
adj
The eight-foot-tall, hot pink statue of Minnie Mouse did not belong among the beige couches of the fancy living room. The statue was obtrusive to say the least, meaning it stood out in a bad way.
Something that obtrudes sticks out, like a sore thumb. Wear a leopard-print toga to a gathering of PETA supporters, or ask loudly if wine is being served at an Alcoholics' Anonymous meeting — these are examples of obtrusive behavior, which draws attention to you and makes you stick out, but not in a good way.
WORD FAMILY
obtrusive: obtrusively, obtrusiveness, unobtrusive +/ obtrude: obtruded, obtrudes, obtruding, obtrusive / unobtrusive: unobtrusively, unobtrusiveness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Coaches who have to deal with well-meaning but obtrusive moms and dads are less likely to want to sign the player.
Golf Digest(Nov 17, 2016)
In contrast, private developers are allowed to build obtrusive megatowers which offer only height and hubris without any redeeming esthetics.
New York Times(Oct 26, 2016)
Cash Uprising holds that everybody should be able to get and deposit cash anywhere—the view that Torstendahl and others find so obtrusive.
The New Yorker(Oct 03, 2016)
Back: adj. （难看得）刺眼的; 冒失的; 莽撞的; 强加于人的
分布：突出的(30%)，强迫人的(18%)，炫耀的(16%)，冒失的(16%)，莽撞的(11%)，引人注意的(9%)
→来自obtrude,前插，强行闯入，-ive,形容词后缀。引申词义炫耀的，扎眼的。
adjective
■too noticeable 显眼的；刺眼的
• The logo was still visible but less obtrusive this time in beige. 标识这次改用米色，不那么扎眼但也能看清。
• The soldiers were in civilian clothes, to make their presence less obtrusive. 为了在现场不那么引人注目，士兵们穿着便装。
Opposite unobtrusive
adj. 突出的；强迫人的；冒失的
 - prominent, pointed, highlighted, striking

Word: painterly
Front: painterly
[ˈpeɪntəli] (21085/35153)
Vocabulary: painterly
(once / 62869 pages)
adj
Something that's painterly resembles or shares the qualities of a painting. You could admire the painterly style of your four year-old cousin's crayon picture of her cat.
Painterly technique might include brush strokes, use of color, or the particular texture of a work of art. Something with painterly qualities might not even be a painting — it could be a photograph or a drawing that mimics the style of a painting. This adjective can also describe a person who see things the way a painter might, like your friend who snaps photos on her phone and is praised for her painterly eye.
WORD FAMILY
painter: painterly, painters+/ paint: paintable, painted, painter, painting, paints, repaint/paintable: unpaintable/ painted: unpainted/ painting: paintings/repaint: repainted, repainting, repaints
USAGE EXAMPLES
Several of the entries are reproductions of painterly originals, but the shiny surfaces are better suited to hard-edged images.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
When the monster returns, his tales are rendered in vivid, painterly animation.
New York Times(Dec 21, 2016)
And really, cider is only part of the equation for a place like Castle Hill, with its temple-like white barn and painterly vistas.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: adj. 美术的
分布：画家的(60%)，强调色彩的(20%)，绘画的(20%)
adj. 画家的；美术的；开放式画风的
 - esthetical

Word: obscurantist
Front: obscurantist
[ˌɒbskjʊ'ræntɪst] (39377/39371)
Back: n. 反启蒙主义者
adj. 反启蒙主义者的
分布：反启蒙主义者(59%)，反启蒙主义者的(41%)

Word: oilseed
Front: oilseed
['ɔɪlsi:d] (41799/28898)
Back: n. 含油种子（如花生仁、棉籽等）; 油料种子
noun uncountable
■any of a variety of seeds from crops which are grown to provide oil 含油种子；油籽
• oilseed rape 油菜

Word: overwrought
Front: overwrought
[ˌəʊvəˈrɔ:t] (雅宝 30708/33356)
Vocabulary: overwrought
(once / 4981 pages)
adj
High in drama and lacking any emotional restraint, overwrought is an adjective that means deeply, excessively agitated or nervous.
Say your favorite soap star gets killed off in episode 12. If you sob uncontrollably, tear at your hair, and refuse to leave the couch for a week, most would say your response was overwrought — in other words, a bit much. But it's not just emotions that can go over the top. The gaudy, golden McMansion covered in ornate Italian statuary where your soap star lives in real life? Totally overdone, or overwrought, with details.
WORD FAMILY
wrought: inwrought, overwrought, wroughtest
USAGE EXAMPLES
But many others tweeted that the backlash was overwrought.
Washington Post(Dec 28, 2016)
It continues today most notably in the overwrought response to the epidemic of inappropriate hydrocodone use.
New York Times(Oct 12, 2016)
Yet the alarm has hardly been confined to the ranks of overwrought journalists.
The New Yorker(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 神经紧张的，忧虑的，烦恼的
分布：过分紧张的(42%)，过分劳累的(35%)，过度兴奋的(23%)
→over-,超过，过度，wrought,工作，work的古过去分词。即工作过度，引申词义过度劳累，过度紧张。
【记】over过分，wrought（work的过去式和过去分词）：工作过度是因为刚开始工作，处于兴奋紧张的阶段。
US [ˌoʊ.vɚ'rɑ:t] adjective
■in a state of being upset, nervous and worried 过度烦乱的，过度紧张的，过度焦虑的；神经质的
• She was so tired and overwrought that she burst into tears. 她太累太紧张，突然大哭起来。
• He was in an overwrought state/condition for weeks after the accident. 事故发生后好几周，他都处于神经质状态。

Word: pearly
Front: pearly
[ˈpɜ:li] (18418/21286)
Back: adj. 珍珠似的，用珍珠装饰的
级别：pearlier, pearliest
分布：珍珠似的(65%)，珍贵的(35%)
US ['pɝ:-] adjective
■white and shiny, like a pearl 珍珠似的；珠色的
• pearly white teeth 珍珠般的皓齿
adj. 珍贵的；珍珠似的；生产珍珠的；用珍珠装饰的
 - precious, golden

Word: pendant
Front: pendant
[ˈpendənt] (托 13335/12764)
Vocabulary: pendant
(once / 2403 pages)
nadj
If you’re wearing a necklace with a large gold heart on a delicate chain, then you have a pendant, an ornament that hangs on a chain.
The word pendant traces back to the Latin word, pendere, meaning "to hang," which tips you off that pendant is a word describing something that hangs, like an ornament that hangs on a chain or a type of light that hangs from the ceiling. As an adjective, pendant means "held from above," like the pendant rock formations that hang from the cave's ceiling.
WORD FAMILY
pendant: pendants
USAGE EXAMPLES
Sometimes it is based on knowledge, like tips on hanging a pendant light that you get from someone at the hardware store.
The New Yorker(Dec 22, 2016)
Crystal pendants glint on bronze chandeliers hanging from a low ceiling crisscrossed with reclaimed wood beams.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
He unearthed the pendant whilst exploring a field in Winfarthing, near Diss, after initially detecting a bronze bowl.
BBC(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: n. （装在项链等上的）垂饰，坠儿
分布：垂饰(79%)，下垂的(13%)，悬挂物(8%)
→来自拉丁语pendere,悬挂，来自spend,*spen,拉，伸，词源同span,pendulum.引申词义项链上的垂饰。
下垂物a.吊着的(pend+ant)[pend,pens=hang,表示"悬挂"]
noun countable
■a piece of jewellery which is worn round the neck, consisting of a long chain with an object hanging from it, or the object itself 有垂饰的项炼；（项炼上的）垂饰，挂件
• She was wearing a crystal pendant. 她戴着一个水晶垂饰。
• It was a necklace with a diamond pendant. 那是一条带有钻石垂饰的项炼。
['pen.dənt] adjective
■ pendent
n. [建] [地质] 下垂物，垂饰
 - lappet, bulla

Word: pedant
Front: pedant
[ˈpednt] (宝 37252/35152)
Vocabulary: pedant
(once / 1363 pages)
n
A pedant is an annoying person who is focused on minor details and book knowledge rather than ordinary common sense. In war, it can be dangerous to have a pedant as commander––he'll insist on textbook maneuvers instead of adapting to circumstances on the ground.
This word was borrowed from French pédant or Italian pedante "teacher, schoolmaster," but its ultimate origin is unknown. One theory is that the original meaning of Italian pedante was "foot soldier," associated with the Italian word pedagogo "teacher" because teachers are always on their feet. Another theory is that Italian pedante was formed from the root of Greek paideuein "to teach," which happens to be the source of English pedagogue "teacher." In fact, a pedagogue is a pedantic teacher.
WORD FAMILY
pedant: pedantic, pedants+/ pedantic: pedantically, pedantry / pedantry: pedantries
USAGE EXAMPLES
But only consonant pedants would demand a translation of the name of the busy thoroughfare which runs perpendicular to George Bush Boulevard.
BBC(Oct 26, 2016)
For every badly spelt, poorly constructed tweet, there were a hundred unreconstructed grammar pedants leaping in to point out the mistakes.
BBC(Sep 10, 2016)
Flipping through Mr. Garner’s usage dictionary is enough to leave even a professional pedant dizzied.
Wall Street Journal(Jul 08, 2016)
Back: n. <贬>卖弄学问的人，学究，书呆子
分布：学究(56%)，空谈家(22%)，墨守成规的人(16%)，卖弄学问者(6%)
→来自意大利语pedante,老师，学究，可能来自pedagogue.
迂腐的教师,书呆子(ped+ant人→受过教育的人→书呆子)[ped=child,education,表示"儿童",引申为"教育"]
【记】ped脚，ant蚂蚁：用脚踩到了蚂蚁，因为走路看书不看路－书呆子
['ped.ənt] disapproving
noun countable
■a person who is too interested in formal rules and small details that are not important 书呆子，学究
n. 学究；书呆子；卖弄学问的人；空谈家
 - bookworm, wonk

Word: parabolic
Front: parabolic
[ˌpærə'bɒlɪk] (25802/35762)
Vocabulary: parabolic
(once / 17881 pages)
1adj 2adj
Something that's parabolic symbolizes something or teaches a simple lesson. Many fables and Bible stories are parabolic.
If your grandfather's stories always end with him saying, "And the moral of this story is..." then you can describe them as parabolic. They are parables, in other words, tales that try to teach a moral or religious lesson. Another way to use the adjective parabolic is to mean "like a parabola," or a mathematical curve on a graph. The Greek root of parabolic is parabolikos, "figurative," from parabole, "comparison or parable," or literally "a throwing beside."
WORD FAMILY
parabolic: parabolically+/ parabola: parabolas, parabolic, paraboloid/paraboloid: paraboloidal, paraboloids
USAGE EXAMPLES
But satellite experts say its parabolic antennae could have military uses, too.
Economist(Nov 17, 2016)
He torqued forehands with such force that the resulting yellow arc appeared harshly parabolic.
New York Times(Aug 28, 2016)
Just a little more than a mile away from the base, an array of giant parabolic dishes sits on a mountain ridge.
Washington Post(Sep 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 比喻的，寓言似的; 抛物线的
分布：抛物线的(46%)，比喻的(36%)，寓言似的(18%)
adj. [数] 抛物线的；比喻的；寓言的
 - figurative, tralatitious

Word: parasol
Front: parasol
[ˈpærəsɒl] (21682/20708)
Vocabulary: parasol
(once / 2206 pages)
n
A parasol is a little umbrella that protects you from the sun. If you are trying to imitate a fancy Victorian lady, get yourself a parasol.
An umbrella is a collapsible shade that people use to keep from getting wet in the rain or burned in the sun. A similar device is a parasol. Parasols are smaller than umbrellas, so they're not as useful in the rain. However, many people, especially on the beach, use parasols to keep the sun from beating down on them. If you don't want a sunburn, a parasol is handy.
WORD FAMILY
parasol: parasols
USAGE EXAMPLES
Fashion selections ranging from hats and parasols to lace-up boots and metallic mesh handbags are stored in adjacent annexes of the building.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Truly, pairing mouse ears with parasols and cat-eyed lashes is so hot right now.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 07, 2016)
A woman with a parasol says that last week she waited from 8 A.M. to 5 P.M. and went home with nothing.
The New Yorker(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: n. 太阳伞
分布：阳伞(89%)，伞式单翼飞机(11%)
→para-,保护，防御，sol,太阳，词源同solstice,sun.
遮阳伞(para旁边＋sol+太阳旁边→不晒太阳→遮阳伞)[Sol=sun,表示"太阳"]
US ['per.ə.sɑ:l] noun countable
■a type of sunshade (= round frame covered in cloth on a stick) carried especially by women in the past, to give protection from the sun （尤指旧时妇女用的）阳伞

Word: perversity
Front: perversity
[pə'vɜ:sɪtɪ] (23279/20301)
Back: n. 乖僻; 倔强; 任性; 刚愎
分布：刚愎(31%)，性变态(25%)，乖僻(22%)，堕落(22%)
性情乖张的[ver,ert=turn,表示"转"]
n. 邪恶；任性；性变态
 - evil, iniquity, wickedness

Word: perspiration
Front: perspiration
[ˌpɜ:spəˈreɪʃn] (六托 14005/16014)
Vocabulary: perspiration
(once / 1104 pages)
n
Perspiration is a polite name for "sweat." Perspiration is what makes you dread gym class and what keeps deodorant manufacturers in business.
Let's face it, sweat is kind of gross — it drips down your face and can even make your body smell badly. But, it doesn't sound so bad if you refer to it as perspiration, does it? Still, perspiration means that salty fluid secreted by your sweat glands, when your body is hot. Perspiration can also be used to mean the process of sweating.
WORD FAMILY
perspiration: perspirations+/ perspire: perspiration, perspired, perspirer, perspires, perspiring/perspirer: perspirers
USAGE EXAMPLES
You can almost feel the perspiration pouring from the artisans as each of the elements on a character or set location comes to staggering life.
Washington Times(Nov 25, 2016)
It doesn’t have much literal meaning, but if you ever looked for a way to quantify your perspiration, this new tech might interest you.
Science Magazine(Nov 23, 2016)
“And Thomas Edison said that genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration. And that’s why, when Tom enters a room, everyone leaves.”
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: n. 汗; 汗水; 出汗; 流汗
分布：汗水(76%)，流汗(24%)
出汗[spir=breathe表示"呼吸"]
【记】per全部，spir呼吸，arian：全身都呼吸－出汗
【参】inspiration（n 灵感）；expire（v 期满；断气）
US [ˌpɝ:.spə'reɪ-] noun uncountable polite word for
■ sweat (= colourless liquid passed through the skin) 汗
• During the break between games, she had a drink of water and wiped the perspiration off her face and arms with a towel. 在比赛休息时间，她喝了些水，并用毛巾擦掉脸上和臂上的汗水。
• Beads (= Drops) of perspiration glistened on his brow. 汗珠在他额头上闪闪发亮。
n. 汗水；流汗；努力
 - effort, trial, pain, struggle, try

Word: pilar

Word: plebeian
Front: plebeian
[pləˈbi:ən] (宝 33393/34507)
Vocabulary: plebeian
(once / 1907 pages)
adjn
In Roman times, the lower class of people was the plebeian class. Today, if something is plebeian, it is of the common people.
When you hear the word plebeian used to describe a form of art or taste, it means that while something is liked by a lot of people, it may not be of the highest quality or taste. Both soap operas and reality television shows have been described as plebeian forms of entertainment. A member of the plebeian class is known as a pleb, which is pronounced "pleeb."
WORD FAMILY
plebeian: plebeianly, plebeians+/pleb: plebeian, plebs
USAGE EXAMPLES
But all men -- but presidential and plebeian -- are ultimately beholden to the lifestyles of the might whorl snail.
Golf Digest(Dec 07, 2016)
And as in Rome, he wrote, in modern-day America “there is definitely a patrician class and a plebeian class” that are “at loggerheads.”
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
But from Nov. 17, people will be able to visit the arched walkways where senators and plebeians once gathered.
Reuters(Nov 16, 2016)
Back: n. 平民; 庶民; 平民百姓; 平庸粗俗的人
adj. 平民的; 庶民的; 无教养的; 粗俗的
分布：平民(64%)，粗俗的人(12%)，平民的(12%)，粗俗的(12%)
→来自拉丁语pleb,平民，普通人，来自ple,装满，填满，词源同fill,full.引申词义平民的， 大众的，庸俗的。
普通民众的[pleb=people(人们)]
【记】原指：古罗马的普通公民，属于较低阶层的一员，是庸俗或粗俗的人ple＝please，bei背，an一个：请背一块大砖头－平民
[plə'bi:.ən] formal disapproving
adjective
■belonging to a low social class 平民的；粗俗的
• He used to make fun of what he called her 'plebeian origins'. 他过去常拿他所谓的她是“平民出身”来开玩笑。
• He retained a plebeian taste in food and drink. 他在饮食方面的品味仍然很低俗。
adj. 平民的；普通的；粗俗的
 - ordinary, civilian, general, low, average
n. 平民；百姓；粗俗的人
 - populace, common man

Word: pictorial
Front: pictorial
[pɪkˈtɔ:riəl] (宝 10796/12630 -1)
Vocabulary: pictorial
(once / 1946 pages)
adjn
If something's pictorial, it has illustrations or photographs. A graphic novel is a pictorial way to tell a story.
Years ago, a pictorial was the name for a magazine that had far more pictures than text, but today the word is mostly used to mean "illustrated." Many books for very young children are mainly pictorial, and you could call your grandparents' photo album a pictorial record of their life together. Pictorial comes from the Latin word pictorius, "of a painter," from pingere, "to paint."
WORD FAMILY
pictorial: pictorially, pictorials
USAGE EXAMPLES
Pictorial elements may be soft or hard, recurring or singular, outlined or not.
Washington Post(Dec 29, 2016)
The technique is classical, and so are such pictorial elements as ornate columns and arches.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Because “The Natural History of Edward Lear” emphasizes Lear’s pictorial art, you will want to acquire another book to enjoy his comic writing.
Washington Post(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 绘画的; 有图片的; 图画似的; 形象化的
n. 画报; 画刊; 画页; 图画邮票
分布：画报(60%)，绘画的(32%)，用图片的(8%)
【记】源于picture（n 图片）
US [-'tɔ:r.i-] adjective
■shown in the form of a picture or photograph 画的，图画的；照片的
• The exhibition is a pictorial history/record of the town in the 19th century. 此次展览会采用图片形式重现了该镇19世纪的历史。
picturesque, lively, vivid, pictorial
这组词都有“生动的”的意思，其区别是：
picturesque: 既指景色、人物等犹如图画般美丽，又可指文艺作品的风格绚丽多彩，尤指一种原始粗犷的美。
lively: 普通用词，与vivid可通用。
vivid: 普通用词，侧重有强烈的实际感或逼真感，使人富于想象或留下深刻的印象。
pictorial: 强调产生或制造生动的效果。
adj. 绘画的；形象化的
 - graphical

Word: conglomeration
Front: conglomeration
[kənˌglɒməˈreɪʃn] (26248/21787)
Vocabulary: conglomeration
(once / 13808 pages)
n
Conglomeration is a fancy word for a bunch of stuff brought together. People, companies, ideas, and other things can group together in conglomerations.
If you ever want something and you're asked why, you could show off your vocabulary and say, "I have a conglomeration of reasons!" That means you have a bunch of reasons that may or may not be connected. A huge mob of people could be described as a conglomeration — which sounds nicer than "mob." The "with" should be a reminder that this is a word that brings things or people together. In the dictionary, you'll find a conglomeration of words — like "conversation" and "concert" — that use con- to suggest a bringing together.
WORD FAMILY
conglomeration: conglomerations+/ conglomerate: conglomerated, conglomerates, conglomerating, conglomeration
USAGE EXAMPLES
At the fore of this conglomeration is Stephen K. Bannon, the former head of Breitbart who has become Trump’s most influential confidant.
Washington Post(Oct 20, 2016)
Trump is not an amateur at being a CEO, and the fact is the USA is a giant conglomeration of corporations.
New York Times(Sep 17, 2016)
Because of that, Aaman was thankful for the elevated stage that Thursday’s conglomeration afforded programs eager for a day in the spotlight.
New York Times(Oct 12, 2016)
Back: n. 团块，聚集，混合物
分布：聚集(54%)，凝聚(23%)，混合物(23%)
US [-ˌglɑ:.mə'reɪ-] noun countable usually singular [+ sing/pl verb]
■a large group or mass of different things all collected together in an untidy or unusual way 聚集物；混合体
• There was a strange conglomeration of objects on the mantelpiece. 壁炉架上有一堆稀奇古怪的东西。
n. 聚集（物）；团块；凝聚；混合物
 - collection, mixture, hybrid, clustering, gather

Word: conte

Word: confessor
Front: confessor
[kənˈfesə(r)] (20803/19906)
Back: n. 自白者，为信教而被迫害的教徒
分布：神父(67%)，男圣徒(11%)，基督教信徒(11%)，忏悔牧师(11%)
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■a priest who someone can confess to 听忏悔的神父，告解神父
n. 忏悔者；为信教而被迫害的教徒
 - mourner

Word: cray
Front: cray
[kreɪ] (-/13488)
Back: n. <澳新>小龙虾，<美俗>退缩者
n. 小龙虾（等于crayfish）
 - lobsterling, crawfish

Word: dortmund

Word: disfavour
Front: disfavour
[dɪsˈfeɪvə(r)] (-/33433)
Back: n. 不喜爱; 厌恶; 不赞成; 受冷遇
时态：disfavoured, disfavouring, disfavours
分布：不赞成(46%)，不喜欢(44%)，反感(10%)
US [-vɚ] noun uncountable formal
■a feeling of dislike or disapproval 不喜欢，不赞成，厌恶
• She sat down, regarding the plate in front of her with disfavour. 她坐下身来，用不屑的眼光打量着眼前的碟子。
vt. 不赞成；冷待
 - disapprove of, take a dim view of
n. 不赞成；不喜欢
 - disapproval

Word: divisible
Front: divisible
[dɪˈvɪzəbl] (30066/25314)
Vocabulary: divisible
(once / 3353 pages)
adj
If something is divisible, it can be evenly split into sections. Your list of personal pet peeves might be divisible into areas you think of as: annoying people, annoying sounds, and terrible food.
A pizza is easily divisible into an even number of slices, and your family's rural land might be divisible into smaller parcels for you and your siblings to build cabins on some day. In math, a number is divisible by a smaller number when the division process leaves no remainder: for example, 36 is divisible by 6. Divisible shares a Latin root with divide, dividere, "to force apart or distribute."
WORD FAMILY
divisible: divisibility, divisiblest, indivisible +/dividable: undividable/ divide: dividable, divided, divider, divides, dividing, divisible, division, subdivide/ divided: dividedly, undivided/divider: dividers/ division: divisional, divisions/divisional: divisionally/ indivisible: indivisibly/subdivide: subdivided, subdivider, subdivides, subdividing, subdivision/subdivided: unsubdivided/subdivider: subdividers/subdivision: subdivisions/undivided: undividedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
It could be a conceptual label on a dance for two, a divisible number.
New York Times(Nov 11, 2016)
He chose those denominations because both numbers are divisible by nine, and their digits add up to nine—Ne Win’s lucky number.
Economist(Nov 10, 2016)
But the grace of Kay’s voice is hypnotizing, and there are moments when her empathy for Stephen makes them seem barely divisible.
New York Times(Oct 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 可分开的，可除尽的
分布：可分的(59%)，可除尽的(31%)，可割的(10%)
adjective (US also dividable)
■that can be divided by another number 可被整除的
• A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 which is exactly divisible by itself and 1 but no other number. 质数是一个大于一且只能被其自身和一整除的整数。
adj. [数] 可分的；可分割的
 - partible, dissectible

Word: ionic

Word: molasses
Front: molasses
[məˈlæsɪz] (14784/34756)
Vocabulary: molasses
(once / 1814 pages)
n
Molasses is a gloppy, thick syrup made from sugar. If you are slow as molasses, then you should probably drop out of the track team.
The process of producing sugar from sugar cane involves several stages of boiling, and the syrup that results from this becomes molasses. The very darkest, thickest kind of molasses is called "blackstrap," which is more bitter than other molasses, but also contains all kinds of vitamins and minerals and is used by some people as a dietary supplement. The word molasses comes from the Latin mellaceus, "like honey."
WORD FAMILY
molasses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Some English cooks were using sugar instead of honey by the end of the 16th century and molasses by the mid-17th century.
Time(Dec 22, 2016)
Sticky, sweet-sour date molasses is available from most large supermarkets and any Middle Eastern grocer.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
A heavyset 50-year-old with no weapons, running as if through molasses, is hardly a clear and present danger to society.
Washington Post(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: n. 糖浆; 糖蜜; 废蜜
分布：糖蜜(70%)，糖浆(30%)
→来自拉丁语mel,蜜，来自melit,蜂蜜，蜜，词源同caramel,mousse,mellifluous.引申词义糖浆。
noun uncountable
■a thick dark brown liquid made from sugar plants which is used in cooking 糖蜜，糖浆
n. [食品] 糖蜜，糖浆
 - treacle, sirup

Word: mondrian
Front: mondrian
[ˈmɔndriɑ:n] (-/41076)
Back: adj. （荷兰画家）蒙德里安的 （以抽象几何图案等为特点的）蒙德里安绘画风格的
分布：蒙德里安(荷兰画家(50%)，绘画以抽象几何图案等为特点)(50%)

Word: mortuary
Front: mortuary
[ˈmɔ:tʃəri] (宝 18223/15112)
Vocabulary: mortuary
(once / 7592 pages)
nadj
A mortuary is a room or area, often in a hospital, where dead bodies are kept. You can also use the word mortuary to talk about a funeral home.
When a person dies in a hospital, his body is usually moved to a mortuary before an autopsy takes place. A mortuary is also where a body is kept until it's buried or cremated. Another word for a mortuary is a morgue, which is more commonly used in the United States. In the 1500's, mortuary was used as an adjective meaning "pertaining to death," from the Latin root word mortuus, or "dead."
WORD FAMILY
mortuary: mortuaries
USAGE EXAMPLES
Formaldehyde—the mortuary chemical—is added to preserve the virus’s structural components but destroy its capacity to infect cells and reproduce.
The New Yorker(Aug 15, 2016)
Etete Peters of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital said mortuaries are overflowing and the final death toll likely will be much higher.
Seattle Times(Dec 11, 2016)
Ten days later, the mortuary at Dover Air Force Base in Delaware confirmed it was Gilbert’s.
Time(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. （丧葬前的）停尸室，太平间
adj. 丧葬的
分布：太平间(53%)，停尸间(26%)，丧葬的(17%)，与死有关的(4%)
→来自拉丁语mors,死亡，死的，词源同mortal,murder.-ary,表地方。委婉语。
停尸室(mort+uary地方→放尸体的地方)[mort=death,表示"死"]
US ['mɔ:r.tʃu.er.i] noun countable UK (US morgue)
■a building, or a room in a hospital, where dead bodies are kept so that they can be examined before the funeral 太平间，停尸房
US for * funeral parlour
n. 太平间；停尸间
 - reposing room
adj. 死的；悲哀的
 - sad, belly-up

Word: monotheism
Front: monotheism
[ˈmɒnəʊθiɪzəm] (25505/38822)
Vocabulary: monotheism
(once / 5157 pages)
n
Monotheism is the belief in a single all-powerful god, as opposed to religions that believe in multiple gods. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are widely practiced forms of monotheism.
Monotheism comes from the combination of the Greek prefixes monos-, “alone” or “single,” and theo-, “god.” There are many words that come from the Greek base theo-: theology, polytheist, and atheism, to name a few. All of these theo- words have to do with god, gods, or the study of religion. Monotheism is any religion that believes in one god. Buddhism, for instance, isn’t an example of monotheism because Buddha is not considered a god who created the universe.
WORD FAMILY
monotheism: monotheisms, monotheist, monotheistic +/monotheist: monotheists/ monotheistic: monotheistically
USAGE EXAMPLES
“For that is our mission, to spread among humanity the truth of monotheism and the principles of justice and fraternity.”
The New Yorker(Oct 24, 2016)
The association is especially tricky for Muslims, whose monotheism abhors the attribution of godly power to any but one supreme being.
Economist(Apr 07, 2016)
Nefertiti was the primary wife of the Pharaoh Akhenaten, who unsuccessfully tried to switch Egypt to an early form of monotheism.
Washington Times(Mar 17, 2016)
Back: n. 一神论，一神教
分布：一神论(53%)，一神教(47%)
→mono-,单个的，theism,有神论。
US [ˌmɑ:.noʊ-] noun uncountable
■the belief that there is only one god 一神论
n. 一神教，一神论
 - theism

Word: polygraph
Front: polygraph
[ˈpɒligræf] (15126/-)
Back: n. （描记脉搏、呼吸速率的）多种波动描记器
分布：测谎器(100%)
→poly-,多，复，聚，-graph,写，记录。通过人在回答不同问题时时血压，脉搏，呼吸等数值的变化比较来测试人是否撒谎的仪器，俗称lie detector.
US ['pɑ:.lɪ.græf] specialized
noun countable
■a lie detector
n. 测谎器； [轻] 复写器； [医] 多种波动描记器
 - papyrograph

Word: premonition
Front: premonition
[ˌpri:məˈnɪʃn] (宝 17716/20812 -1)
Vocabulary: premonition
(once / 3871 pages)
n
Some people claim to have premonitions, such as a dream about a friend they haven't seen in years the night before the friend dies. A premonition is a warning that comes in advance, or a feeling that something is going to happen.
Like the synonym foreboding, a premonition usually refers to something bad or harmful. This noun is from Middle French premonicion, from Late Latin praemonitio, from Latin praemonere "to warn in advance," from the prefix prae- "before" plus monere "to warn."
WORD FAMILY
premonition: premonitions+/monish: monished, monishing, monition/monition: monitions, premonition
USAGE EXAMPLES
One of the most popular football players of all time, a crazy premonition, and a windfall of money.
Golf Digest(Dec 28, 2016)
Call it a fighter's sixth sense, call it an unconscious premonition.
BBC(Dec 08, 2016)
The first premonition of his mortality came in October 2004, when he stumbled badly after a speech made in Santa Clara.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: n. 预感，预兆; 前兆，征兆; 预先的警告（告诫），预诫
分布：名词(100%)
→pre-,在前，早于，预先，-mon,警告，提醒，词源同admonish,monitor.
预感,前兆(pre+monit+ion)[mon,monit=warn,表示"警告"]
【记】pre前，mon警告，ition：提前的警告－不祥的预兆。
noun countable
■a feeling that something, especially something unpleasant, is going to happen （尤指不祥的）预兆，预感
• [+ that] He had a premonition that his plane would crash, so he took the train. 他预感到他要坐的飞机会坠毁，于是就坐了火车。
• She had a sudden premonition of what the future might bring. 她对将来会发生的事突然有一种不祥的预感。
n. 预告；征兆
 - symptom, preliminary notice

Word: potable
Front: potable
[ˈpəʊtəbl] (宝 20938/42659)
Vocabulary: potable
(once / 12723 pages)
adjn
If something is potable that means it's safe to drink. In developed countries, tap water is usually potable. Puddle water is not. I know you want to take a sip of that puddle water, but please, restrain yourself.
Potable can also be a noun, meaning any drinkable liquid. The word comes from the Latin potare, meaning "to drink." Not only did the Romans come up with that word; they built some of the world's first aqueducts, above-ground channels that brought potable water from the mountains to the cities. Potable water is often in short supply after natural catastrophes like earthquakes and hurricanes, and its availability is often discussed on the news.
WORD FAMILY
potable: potables+/pot: potable, potful, pots, potted, pottery, potting/potful: potfuls/potted: unpotted/potter: pottered, potterer, pottering, potters/potterer: potterers/pottery: potter, potteries
USAGE EXAMPLES
There is a desperate need to supply potable water to the city from reservoirs to the east and west.
The Guardian(Nov 22, 2016)
Flood waters washed through sewer systems and wells and sent ocean water surging ashore, leaving virtually no potable, readily available fresh water.
Washington Post(Oct 16, 2016)
The walk-through should address building drains, sewers and the potable water system.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 可以喝的，适合饮用的
n. 饮料
分布：适于饮用的(100%)
→来自拉丁语potare,饮用，饮水，词源同potion.
可饮用的(pot+able)[pot=drink,表示"喝"]
【记】pot罐子，喝，able－能喝的
【参】potation（n 畅饮；饮料）
【反】undrinkable（adj 不能喝的）
n. 饮料（常复数）
 - beverage, drink, belly-wash, bevvy

Word: predominance
Front: predominance
[prɪˈdɒmɪnəns] (19486/16302)
Vocabulary: predominance
(once / 4407 pages)
n
Use the noun predominance to describe whatever is most noticeable, like the predominance of a gigantic television screen in a small living room.
When you notice that the word dominance makes up a big chunk of predominance, it won’t surprise you to learn that predominance is used to say that something exerts a strong influence and dominates. Sometimes that influence comes because of sheer numbers, such as a predominance of women in the teaching profession, but it can also result from superior power, such as a nation’s military predominance.
WORD FAMILY
predominance: predominances+/ predominate: predominance, predominated, predominately, predominates, predominating, predominatingly, predomination/predomination: predominations
USAGE EXAMPLES
Air Force One is less lavish but there is plenty of wood and leather and a similar predominance of beige and taupe.
The Guardian(Dec 07, 2016)
The victory was seen as highly important in the pro-independence SNP's gradual rise to its current predominance in Scotland.
BBC(Dec 01, 2016)
“Predominance in the curva is worth gold,” one journalist wrote at the time.
The Guardian(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: n. 优势; 主导或支配的地位; 运星主宰
分布：优势(85%)，主导地位(15%)
US [-'dɑ:.mə-] noun uncountable
■when one person or group of people has more importance or power than others 主导地位，支配地位
a predominance of sth
■a situation in which one type of person or thing within a set is the largest in number （数量的）优势，普遍
• There is a predominance of people with an arts degree on the board of governors. 理事会中大多数人有文科学位。
n. 优势；卓越
 - superiority, advantage, edge, dominance

Word: preventative
Front: preventative
[prɪ'ventətɪv] (18878/19155)
Vocabulary: preventative
(once / 25364 pages)
adjn
Use the adjective preventative to describe something that helps keep you free of disease, like a healthy diet and plenty of exercise.
If it prevents illness, it's preventative. You can also use the word for things that hinder you, like a preventative speed bump that keeps you from rushing home to watch your favorite TV show, but it's more commonly a medical or health term. "Preventative medicine," for example, is focused on avoiding diseases rather than treating them. The Latin root word, praeventus, means "to hinder."
WORD FAMILY
preventative: preventatives+/ prevent: preventable, preventative, prevented, preventing, prevention, preventive, prevents/ preventable: unpreventable/ prevention: preventions/ preventive: preventively, preventives
USAGE EXAMPLES
He calls it preventative dentistry at its best.
Washington Times(Nov 25, 2016)
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, raised "concern" that English surgeons may be performing preventative operations less often.
BBC(Nov 23, 2016)
Embedded in preventative and rehabilitative care is the presumption of a long, fulfilling life.
The Guardian(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 预防性的
分布：预防性的(79%)，预防法(14%)，=preventive.(7%)
ADJ
同preventive
Preventative means the same as preventive .
n. 预防法；预防物
 - prophylaxis, preservative

Word: primeval
Front: primeval
[praɪ'mi:vl] (18353/15652)
Vocabulary: primeval
(once / 1811 pages)
adj
Use primeval when you want to suggest something has existed from the beginning. The Big Bang? Dinosaur bones? Ancient trees? Yep — primeval.
The adjective primeval is from the Latin root words primus, meaning "first," and aevum, meaning "age." You might have an irrational, primeval fear of monsters — meaning that your monster fear has been there for as long as you can remember.
WORD FAMILY
primeval: primevally
USAGE EXAMPLES
And the poems in Vievee Francis’s haunting collection “Forest Primeval” are discreet yet revelatory, irresolute yet decisive, distressed yet serene.
The New Yorker(Dec 13, 2016)
Maybe it’s because there’s something almost primeval about a bell’s bucolic symbolism that resonates across cultures and epochs.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
At 4:30 in midsummer you hear the birds’ morning chorus, nature primeval and ascendant.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 原始的; 太古的，太初的
adv. 原始地，太古地，太初地
分布：原始的(56%)，早期的(22%)，远古的(22%)
→来自prime,第一的，最初的，-ev,时间，时代，词源同age,longevity.
原始的,远古的(prim最初+eval时代的→最早时代的→原始的)[ev=age,表示"年龄,时代"]
早期的;远古的(prim+ev时代+al→最早的时代→远古的)[prim=first,chief表示"第一,主要的"]
(mainly UK primaeval) [praɪ'mi:.vəl] adjective
■ancient; existing at or from a very early time 原始的；早期的
• primeval forests 原始森林
adj. 原始的；初期的（等于primaeval）
 - original, earlier, young

Word: primogeniture
Front: primogeniture
[ˌpraɪməʊˈdʒenɪtʃə(r)] (40539/42267)
Vocabulary: primogeniture
(once / 13281 pages)
n
Primogeniture is when the oldest son inherits all or more of his parents' stuff than any of his siblings. When a king dies, his eldest typically son inherits the throne by the rules of primogeniture.
It may seem vastly unfair, but primogeniture dates back to the Old Testament. Examples of this practice in which the first-born son receives exclusive inheritance rights can be found throughout history and around the world — from the Middle East to Medieval Europe. Today, perhaps the most widely known example of primogeniture is the succession of the British throne, which gives preference to the eldest male child above all others.
WORD FAMILY
primogeniture
USAGE EXAMPLES
That structure, though fictional, is rooted in the longstanding real-world practice known as primogeniture.
Time(May 02, 2016)
The Democrats became the party of primogeniture, the Republicans of rebellion.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 18, 2015)
Britain in 2013 introduced legal changes to end a centuries-old “male primogeniture” rule that puts boys before girls in the line of succession.
Washington Times(Apr 16, 2015)
Back: n. 长子身份，长子继承权; 长嗣继承制
分布：长子继承权(87%)，长子之身分(13%)
→来自prime,第一的，首先的，-gen,生育，出生，词源同gene,generate.引申词义长子，长子身份。
US [-moʊ'dʒen.ɪ.tʃɚ] specialized
noun uncountable
■the custom by which all of a family's property goes to the oldest son when the father dies 长子继承权（或制）
n. 长子身份；长子继承权
 - birthright

Word: prurient
Front: prurient
[ˈprʊəriənt] (24224/34679)
Vocabulary: prurient
(once / 12848 pages)
adj
Something is prurient if it focuses attention on sex not in an artistic way or to teach something, but purely to appeal to your baser instincts. If something is prurient, it's sure to offend somebody.
An MTV series that includes explicit teenage sex scenes might be considered prurient and have censors screaming to have it taken off the air. The word prurient comes from a Latin root that means literally, "to itch,” and you may have heard the medical term pruritus, which means "severe itching." The word can also be used to describe any kind of perverse interest, like onlookers who have a prurient curiosity about the details of a particularly gory crime scene.
WORD FAMILY
prurient: prurience, pruriency, pruriently+/ prurience: pruriences/pruriency: pruriencies
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Obscene material is material which deals with sex in a manner appealing to prurient interest,” he wrote.
The New Yorker(Dec 04, 2016)
It was hard to do this without going over the line or feeling prurient.
The Guardian(Nov 28, 2016)
But apparently, milky butt play and squirt scenes seemed to fit with the “prurient interests” of enough people.
Salon(Nov 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 好色的，淫秽的，引起淫欲的
分布：好色的(87%)，迷恋淫欲的(13%)
→来自拉丁语prurire,痒，强烈的渴望，性欲，可能来自preus,冰冻，燃烧，词源同freeze,frost.该印欧语矛盾的词义参照由于冷导致的冻疮热。
US ['prʊr.i-] formal disapproving
adjective
■too interested in the details of another person's sexual behaviour 好色的，迷恋淫欲的
• He denied that the article had been in any way prurient. 他否认这篇文章有任何淫秽之处。
adj. 好色的；淫乱的；渴望的
 - eager, hungry, anxious, desired, sick
n. 好色之徒
 - satyr, lewdster

Word: puffy
Front: puffy
[ˈpʌfi] (11594/21711)
Vocabulary: puffy
(once / 5390 pages)
adj
Puffy things are swollen or soft, like a big, puffy hairdo or your favorite puffy winter coat that's stuffed full of feathers.
Your eyes might be puffy after a really sad movie, and your cat may look puffy when she's hissing at the dog. Big, round clouds are puffy, and so are the white seed heads of dandelions — the puffy balls you can blow on and make a wish. Wind is puffy too, when it blows in little gusts. This is the earliest meaning of puffy, from puff and its Old English root pyffan, "to blow with the mouth."
WORD FAMILY
puffy: puffier, puffiest, puffily, puffiness+/ puff: puffed, puffer, puffery, puffing, puffingly, puffs, puffy /puffer: puffers/puffery: pufferies/puffing: puffings
USAGE EXAMPLES
Eden was born with puffy, red eyes, which led to her being placed in the special observation wing.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
It’s still so puffy,’” said Jihan Thompson, a former magazine editor and a founder of the beauty booking app Swivel.
New York Times(Dec 26, 2016)
A bearded man wearing a gray fleece, his eyes puffy, approached the table.
Washington Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: adj. 膨胀的，肿胀的
n. 膨胀，肿胀
级别：puffier, puffiest
分布：浮肿的(47%)，膨胀的(40%)，肥满的(13%)
→来自puff,吹气。
adjective
■If the skin around your eyes is puffy, it is slightly swollen （眼睛）肿胀的，肿大的
• His eyes were still puffy with sleep. 他的眼睛因为睡觉所以还是肿肿的。
adj. 一阵阵吹的；胀大的；喘气的
 - blown, broken-winded

Word: pukka
Front: pukka
[ˈpʌkə] (-/41549)
Back: adj. 份量充足的，纯良的
分布：纯良的(50%)，份量充足的(50%)
adjective old-fashioned
■real 真正的
• a nice little Italian restaurant serving pukka pizzas and pasta 一家提供正宗比萨和义大利面食的不错的义大利小餐馆
■slang
■of excellent quality 一流的
• I've had some pukka food there. 我在那里吃了些很好吃的东西。
■extremely formal and educated 文质彬彬的，文绉绉的
• He's not one of the pukka types she usually favours. 他不是她通常喜欢的那种文质彬彬的人。
adj. 纯良的；份量充足的
 - pucka

Word: madcap
Front: madcap
[ˈmædkæp] (31263/36484)
Vocabulary: madcap
(once / 8312 pages)
adjn
Madcap things are done in a foolish, rash, or impulsive way, without planning or thought. Your madcap adventure might include a spur-of-the-moment bus ride to a nearby city without enough money in your pocket to buy lunch.
The adjective madcap, which can simply mean "impetuous," can also have a sense of "funny and eccentric." A movie that's described as a madcap comedy will probably be full of broad slapstick and laugh-out-loud physical humor. Madcap, dating from the 16th century, originally meant "lunatic" or "crazy person," from the "head" sense of cap — in other words, a madcap was a "crazy head."
WORD FAMILY
madcap: madcaps
USAGE EXAMPLES
It is occasions as utterly madcap as this that completely undermine Liverpool’s credentials as title challengers.
The Guardian(Dec 04, 2016)
For a few years, Arnold would sully his good name in madcap romps like Kindergarten Cop, Junior, Jingle All the Way and Eraser.
The Guardian(Nov 24, 2016)
Already within his score’s first minute, the Mad Hatter had serious competition in the madcap department.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 轻率的，狂妄的
n. 狂妄的人（尤指女子）
分布：鲁莽的(38%)，狂妄的(26%)，狂妄(23%)，鲁莽的人(13%)
→mad,疯的，cap,帽子，头。俚语。
adjective [before noun] old-fashioned
■describes mad behaviour or a plan which is very silly and unlikely to succeed （行为或计划）鲁莽的，愚蠢的，荒唐的
• the madcap antics of the clowns 小丑愚蠢可笑的举止
adj. 狂妄的；鲁莽的
 - reckless, indiscretionary
n. 鲁莽的人
 - hotspur, hothead

Word: malnourishment
Front: malnourishment
None None
Back: 营养不良
分布：营养不良(100%)

Word: marriageable
Front: marriageable
[ˈmærɪdʒəbl] (28509/35929)
Back: adj. 适合结婚的
分布：适合结婚的(67%)，适婚年龄的(33%)
US ['mer-] adjective old-fashioned
■suitable for marriage 适婚的
• a wealthy man of marriageable age 达到适婚年龄的富有男子

Word: martel

Word: maturation
Front: maturation
[ˌmætʃuˈreɪʃn] (六 15645/16585)
Vocabulary: maturation
(once / 25583 pages)
n
Maturation is the process that a living thing goes through as it ages and becomes ripe or fully developed. Things that go through maturation include soybeans, antelope, bourbon, frogs, magnolia trees, the human sex drive, peaches, and much more.
As something becomes mature it goes through maturation. To be mature is to be ripe, ready, and fully grown. Some natural maturation processes are easy to identify, like the duration of a fruit fly’s development from egg to adult, but others are more difficult to pinpoint. For instance, you may know some people who, despite having passed their fortieth birthdays, seem to have missed that bit of maturation that would keep them from calling their friends toilet-themed nicknames.
WORD FAMILY
maturation: maturational +/ immature: immaturely, immatureness, immaturity / immaturity: immaturities/maturate: maturates, maturating, maturation / mature: immature, maturate, matured, maturely, maturement, matureness, maturer, matures, maturest, maturing, maturity / maturity: maturities, post-maturity
USAGE EXAMPLES
Crisp admits the next step in the maturation process is being able to contribute when his shot isn’t falling.
Seattle Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Unfolding with a minimum of dialogue, Francisca’s maturation from watcher to doer would be laughable if performed with less nuance or photographed with less originality.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
They found similar and additional proteins connected to growth, development, and maturation, they report today in eLife.
Science Magazine(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: n. 化脓，成熟
分布：成熟(98%)，化脓(2%)
→来自mature,成熟，-ation,状态后缀。用于指成熟过程。
US [-jʊ-] noun uncountable formal
DEVELOP MENTALLY 精神上发展 mainly approving
■the process of becoming completely developed mentally or emotionally （心智发展的）成熟过程
UK [ˌmæt.jʊə'reɪ.ʃən] US [-jʊ-] noun uncountable formal
GROW PHYSICALLY 身体上成长
■the process of becoming completely grown physically 成熟过程
n. [生物] 成熟；化脓；生殖细胞之形成
 - ripeness, purulency

Word: mawkish
Front: mawkish
[ˈmɔ:kɪʃ] (宝 36363/35860)
Vocabulary: mawkish
(once / 11820 pages)
adj
Mawkish means excessively sentimental or so sappy it's sickening. Which is how you'd describe two lovebirds gushing over each other or your grandma’s cooing, cheek pinches, and sloppy-lipstick kisses.
The adjective mawkish came into vogue in the 1600s. Oddly enough, it's rooted in the Middle English word maggot and originally meant “sickly or nauseated.” But mawkish eventually evolved to mean something so overly sentimental it makes you sick. It's not a word you hear very often these days, but feel free to use it to describe really lame love poems and annoyingly mushy Valentine's Day cards.
WORD FAMILY
mawkish: mawkishly, mawkishness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Nothing mawkish here, and no politically correct revisionist tendencies afoot either.
Washington Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Twenty-two years earlier, he had saved his career by addressing a supposed scandal with his nationally broadcast “Checkers speech,” which was mawkish, abasing and effective.
Washington Post(Nov 01, 2016)
He said, without being mawkish: 'What if we had the cop choir singing on it?'
BBC(Oct 26, 2016)
Back: adj. 多愁善感的，易伤感的; 无味的
分布：令人作呕的(47%)，自作多情的(40%)，讨厌的(13%)
→来自中古英语mauk,蛆，蛆虫，缩写自mathek,来自Proto-Germanic*matho,虫，来自math,小虫，虫子，词源同maggot,moth.字面意思即长蛆的，来自古代观念认为人发狂或异想天开是因为脑子里长虫了。因此，引申词义无病呻吟的，易伤感的。-k,小词后缀，同-kin,-ish,形容词后缀。
【记】源于：maggot（n 蛆）－令人作呕的ma妈妈，w，kish读：开始－妈妈开始多愁善感。
【反】unsentimental（adj 不动感情的）
US ['mɑ:-] adjective
■showing emotion or love in an awkward or silly way 无病呻吟的；多愁善感的
• The film lapses into mawkish sentimentality near the end. 电影到结局部分成了令人生厌的滥情戏。
adj. 令人作呕的，令人厌恶的；自作多情的；淡而无味的
 - ugly, nauseous

Word: megalomania
Front: megalomania
[ˌmegələˈmeɪniə] (宝 33512/35275)
Vocabulary: megalomania
(once / 22176 pages)
n
Megalomania is a crazy hunger for power and wealth, and a passion for grand schemes. Comic book villains often suffer from megalomania. Their plans are thwarted only by superheroes.
Megalomania comes from the Greek megas ("great") and mania ("madness"). It is a madness of greatness, but not a great kind of madness! Megalomaniacs in history: Alexander the Great, Genghis Khan, Napoleon Bonaparte, Josef Stalin, and maybe even the tycoon Donald Trump.
WORD FAMILY
megalomania: megalomaniac +/ megalomaniac: megalomaniacal, megalomaniacs/megalomaniacal: megalomaniacally/megalomanic: megalomania
USAGE EXAMPLES
It has been compared to Kaiser Wilhelm’s megalomania, but it’s fair to say it gives the pharaohs a run for their money.
The Guardian(Nov 04, 2016)
He pulls people close to him who reinforce his anger, his prejudice, his megalomania, his conspiracy-mindedness.
Washington Post(Oct 31, 2016)
As the four Kong brothers and their equally ambitious wives and concubines steer Explosion from obscure mountain village to seething mega-city, pride swells into megalomania.
Economist(Oct 13, 2016)
Back: n. 妄想自大狂; （对浮夸方案的）狂热
分布：妄自尊大(63%)，自大狂(37%)
→megalo-,巨大的，夸大的，mania,发狂。引申词义自大狂。
【记】megalo大，mania狂热－自大狂
【参】kleptomania（n 盗窃狂）
noun uncountable
■an unnaturally strong wish for power and control, or the belief that you are very much more important and powerful than you really are 夸大狂，自大狂；妄自尊大
n. [内科] 夸大狂；狂妄自大
 - hybris, hubris

Word: miscellaneous
Front: miscellaneous
[ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs] (15608/14411 -1)
Vocabulary: miscellaneous
(once / 1173 pages)
adj
Something miscellaneous is made up of an odd bunch of things — things you might not expect to go together. A breakfast bar, a DVD, and a credit card bill are miscellaneous items that may be in your backpack.
The word miscellaneous comes from the Latin word miscere, meaning “to mix.” You might have heard the expression “a mixed bag,” which applies when you don’t quite know what you’re going to get. That’s true of a bag of miscellaneous objects, too. You might pull out socks and a stick of butter — two things that don’t seem to go together. Similarly, miscellaneous can describe something with many variations, like a person who expresses herself in many different ways.
WORD FAMILY
miscellaneous: miscellaneously
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Most of the incidents were wildland fires, some structure fires and other miscellaneous fires.”
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Scientists, mathematicians and miscellaneous brainiacs collect kudos and cash in the special “Breakthrough Prize.”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 16, 2016)
“In response to employee concerns tied to office clutter and cleanliness, leadership cleared out a common area containing miscellaneous items,” she said.
Washington Times(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 各种各样的; 五花八门的; 混杂的; 多方面的
分布：杂项(77%)，杂货(10%)，多方面的(7%)，性质混杂的(4%)，各种的(2%)
→来自miscellany,混合体。
混杂的,混合的(miscel[=misc]+aneous...的)[Misc=mix,表示"混淆"]
各种各样的(miscell混杂)[-aneous表形容词"…有;...特征的"]
adjective
■consisting of a mixture of various things which are not usually connected with each other 混杂的；各种各样的
• miscellaneous household items 各种各样的家庭用品
adj. [经] 混杂的，各种各样的；多方面的，多才多艺的
 - various, jumbly

Word: misogynistic
Front: misogynistic
None (29037/43170)
Vocabulary: misogynistic
(once / 85648 pages)
adj
The adjective misogynistic is good for describing a dislike or hatred of women, or a deep-rooted bias against women in particular.
If you describe a song's lyrics as being misogynistic, it means that they display an ugly hatred of women. A religion can be called misogynistic if it treats women as less human than men, and an employer might be accused of being misogynistic if he only promotes men in his company. The word is comprised of the Greek words miso, "hatred," and gyne, "women."
WORD FAMILY
misogynism: misogynisms, misogynistic +/ misogynist: misogynists/ misogyny: misogynic, misogynies, misogynism, misogynist, misogynous
USAGE EXAMPLES
Yeah, it’s just how it is in real life, being a woman and hearing offhanded or misogynistic comments in passing.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
A statement released by Princeton did not disclose specifics but said that the “misogynistic and racist” comments involved the women’s swimming and diving team.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
The university says the “misogynistic and racist” comments involved the women’s swimming and diving team.
Washington Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: 歧视女性的
厌恶女人的
分布：与'misogynist'意思相同(50%)，厌恶女人者(50%)

Word: molybdenum
Front: molybdenum
[məˈlɪbdənəm] (30627/42457)
Back: n. 钼
分布：名词(100%)
→金属元素，用于指铅状矿物质。来自希腊语molybdos,铅，黑色石墨，-um,化学元素后缀。
US [mɑ:'lɪb-] noun uncountable
■a very hard silver-coloured metallic element used especially to make steel stronger 钼

Word: monies
Front: monies
['mʌnɪz] None
Back: n. 款项，钱款; 钱币，钞票( money的名词复数 )
分布：钱(43%)，货币(33%)，金钱(20%)，名词money的复数形式.(4%)
plural noun formal
■amounts of money 钱，金钱
• Any monies received from this interest will be treated as capital. 所有来自此利息的款项都将被当作本金。
n. 货币；金钱（money的复数形式）
 - currencies

Word: mortally
Front: mortally
[ˈmɔ:təli] (21646/21406)
Vocabulary: mortally
(once / 1963 pages)
adv
Mortally describes something that happens in a way that causes death. If your guinea pig is mortally ill, it unfortunately means that he's certain to die.
You're most likely to come across the adverb mortally followed by the word "wounded." For example, a wildlife biologist might describe finding an injured owl that turned out to be mortally wounded, or hurt so badly that it later died. The key to this meaning is the word mortal at the heart of mortally — it means "doomed to die," from the Latin root mortalis, "subject to death, mortal, or human."
WORD FAMILY
mortal: immortal, mortality, mortally, mortals, postmortal+/ immortal: immortalise, immortality, immortalize, immortally, immortals/immortalise: immortalised, immortalises, immortalising/ immortality: immortalities/ immortalize: immortalized, immortalizes, immortalizing/ mortality: mortalities
USAGE EXAMPLES
During a struggle over his gun, shots mortally wounded Christopher Brooks and struck Harris.
Washington Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Police say Mann shot Danielle Brooks, and in a struggle over the gun, Christopher Brooks was mortally wounded.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Despite this he managed to speed off, making his attackers think he had escaped unharmed, but the 26-year-old had been mortally wounded.
BBC(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: adv. 致命地; 非常，很
分布：致命地(100%)
→来自mortal,死亡的，致命的。
US ['mɔ:r.tˌəl-] adverb
■so severe that death is likely 致命地
• mortally wounded 受致命伤
■extremely 极度地，非常
• Apparently he was mortally offended. 显然他非常生气。
adv. 致命地；非常
 - extremely, badly, highly, greatly, too

Word: motivator
Front: motivator
['məʊtɪveɪtə(r)] (15293/22993)
Back: n. 激起行为（或行动）的人（或事物），促进因素，激发因素
分布：激发因素(50%)，动因(50%)
n. 动力；激励因素
 - momentum, impetus

Word: navarre

Word: ndjamena

Word: nek

Word: nematode
Front: nematode
[ˈnemətəʊd] (20211/28782)
Back: n. 线虫类
adj. 线虫类的
分布：线虫类(60%)，线虫类的(40%)
→来自希腊语nematos,线，词源同needle,编织，针。引申词义像线的虫。
n. [无脊椎] 线虫，线虫类
 - elegans, eelworm

Word: nero
Front: nero
[ˈniərəu] (-/24820)
Back: abbr. Na Experimental Reactor of 0 零钠实验性反应堆
分布：尼罗(100%)

Word: nineteenth
Front: nineteenth
[ˌnaɪn'ti:nθ] (5153/2554 -4)
Back: n. 第十九; 十九分之一
adj. 第十九的; 十九分之一的
分布：第十九(100%)
/'--] noun countable
■one of nineteen equal parts of something 十九分之一
[ˌnaɪn'ti:ntθ] /'--] ordinal number
■19th written as a word 第十九（的）
• This was the nineteenth fatal crash this year. 这是今年第十九宗致命的车祸了。
[ˌnaɪn'ti:ntθ] /'--] ordinal number
the nineteenth hole informal
■the bar at a golf course where people go to have drinks and talk after they have finished playing golf 第十九洞（指高尔夫球赛后球员们去的设在球场上的酒吧）

Word: presentable
Front: presentable
[prɪˈzentəbl] (22617/20300)
Vocabulary: presentable
(once / 4858 pages)
adj
When someone is presentable, they're clean and tidy and generally pulled together. They're prepared for interacting with other people. When you first roll out of bed in the morning, you rarely feel very presentable.
Before you head off to school or work, you'll want to glance in the mirror to make sure you're somewhat presentable. For some of us, this means a shower, a hair dryer, makeup, and carefully chosen clothing, while for others it means trading pajamas for a comfortable pair of jeans. Since the early 1800s, presentable has meant "appearing suitable" or "fit to be seen." Before that, it had a purely legal meaning, "liable to be charged with wrongdoing."
WORD FAMILY
presentable: presentably, unpresentable+/ presence: presences/ present: presence, presentable, presentation, presented, presenter, presenting, presently, presentment, presentness, presents/ presentation: presentational, presentations/presenter: presenters/presentment: presentments/unpresentable: unpresentably
USAGE EXAMPLES
“He wanted to look presentable at the bank,” Atwood explained.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 12, 2016)
He has to confront what it means to make a suit for a man that he finds repellent and make him more presentable and attractive.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 28, 2016)
“I am presentable, but it’s like Nick says: The moment I come in, it’s sweatpants, make-up off, huge crazed Afro.”
New York Times(Oct 17, 2016)
Back: adj. 拿得出的; 像样的; 中看的; 中听的
分布：体面的(54%)，像样的(46%)
→来自present,介绍，展示。比喻用法。
US [-tˌə-] adjective
■looking suitable or good enough, especially in the way you are dressed （尤指穿着）像样的，体面的
• Jeremy was looking quite presentable in a suit and tie. 杰瑞米穿上西装打着领带看起来很体面。
• I've got to have a wash and make my self presentable for our guests. 我得去洗个澡，让自己在客人面前看起来像样一点。
adj. 漂亮的；可见人的；有规矩的
 - pretty, smart, tony, cute

Word: qq
Front: qq
['kju:'kju:] None
Back: abbr. quartos 四开; quelques （French=some） （法语）几个; questionable questionnaires 可疑的调查表; 中国最火的即时通讯软件
分布：一款即时通信软件(100%)

Word: pudgy
Front: pudgy
[ˈpʌdʒi] (17605/37176)
Vocabulary: pudgy
(once / 8485 pages)
adj
To be pudgy is to be a chubby and short. Baby piglets are sometimes pudgy, but not the runts. Pudgy can describe body parts, too, like a baby’s pudgy cheeks.
The word pudge is a short, thick person. Make it an adjective and pudgy describes the same qualities. When you're pudgy, you're a little overweight and short. Many children are pudgy, though they usually outgrow the baby fat. Being pudgy is often associated with being cute. For example, bulldogs and pugs are pudgy dogs — they have squat, round bodies that are adorable. This is a gentle word; you probably wouldn't call someone obese pudgy.
WORD FAMILY
pudgy: pudgier, pudgily, pudginess+/pudge: pudges, pudgy
USAGE EXAMPLES
Maybe it’s the illustrations, simple black-and-white line drawings of slightly pudgy people in baggy T-shirts and pants doing really simple maneuvers.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
Rasel, curly-haired and slightly pudgy, lived with his family in a two-room mud house on a plot shared with his uncles and cousins.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 24, 2016)
The pudgy boy turned to me as I craned my neck.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Back: adj. 矮胖的; 矮墩墩; 胖乎乎
级别：pudgier, pudgiest
分布：矮胖的(100%)
→词源可能同pudding,布丁，香肠。即像香肠一样的，微胖的。
['pʌdʒ.i] mainly US
adjective
■short and fat 矮胖的，圆胖的
• I was a pudgy child. 我小时候矮矮胖胖的。
adj. 矮胖的；短而粗的
 - podgy, squatty

Word: pulmonary
Front: pulmonary
[ˈpʌlmənəri] (13016/17278)
Vocabulary: pulmonary
(once / 5045 pages)
adj
Pulmonary means of or relating to the lungs. A pulmonary specialist is a doctor who treats lung problems.
Once you know that pulmonary means "relating to the lungs," you know pretty much all there is to know. It will give you a lot more insight into whatever doctor's visits are coming up, because you will know that your pulmonologist is your lung doctor, your pulmonary artery is the one carrying blood to your lungs, and if you have a problem with pulmonary circulation, it means that you aren’t getting enough blood to your...you guessed it, lungs.
WORD FAMILY
pulmonary: intrapulmonary
USAGE EXAMPLES
The cause was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, said a son, Tom MacIssac.
Washington Post(Dec 26, 2016)
The cause was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, said a sister, Carol Porter.
Washington Post(Dec 03, 2016)
She has died from a pulmonary edema, or “dry drowning”.
Economist(Oct 20, 2016)
Back: adj. 肺的，肺部的; 有肺[肺状器官]的，肺状的; 患肺部疾病的，易患肺部疾病的; 肺活量
分布：肺的(49%)，肺部的(37%)，肺状的(14%)
→来自拉丁语pulmo,肺，来自希腊语pleumon,肺，来自pleu,流动，漂流，词源同flow,pneumonia.其词义演变可能是肺较轻，其它器官如心，脏，肾等都会沉入水中，而肺能在水上漂浮。比较lung.
US [-ner.i] specialized
adjective
■relating to the lungs (= organs used for breathing) 肺的
• the pulmonary artery 肺动脉
adj. 肺的；有肺的；肺状的
 - pneumonic

Word: quill
Front: quill
[kwɪl] (宝 18789/21041)
Vocabulary: quill
(once / 1806 pages)
n
A quill is a feather, or the narrow tube of a feather's shaft — long ago used as a writing instrument. John Hancock didn't use a ballpoint to sign the Declaration of Independence, Silly. He used a quill!
The quills of a bird's feathers seem ideally designed for dipping in ink and writing on paper — they're so perfect that this type of old-fashioned pen is also called a quill. In addition to birds, there are some mammals with quills, including porcupines and hedgehogs. We know that quill comes from the Low German quiele , but beyond that its origin is a mystery.
WORD FAMILY
quill: quills
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ms. Quill, who spoke at the company’s forum in November, said in an interview that she was “cautiously optimistic” about the new production.
New York Times(Dec 25, 2016)
“Cases that better present the Quill question are already well under way,” said Deborah White, general counsel of the group, which represents big-box stores.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 12, 2016)
The fire urchin has quills that are very toxic to humans - the shrimps avoid this danger by seeking out safe areas between the quills.
BBC(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: n. （刺猬或豪猪的）刺; 羽毛管; <鸟>翮; <纺>纡管
vt. 给（织物或衣服）作皱褶; <纺>卷（纬线）; 使（豪猪等）长满刺; （豪猪等）用刺刺
分布：鹅毛笔(36%)，羽茎(20%)，纬管(16%)，大翎毛(16%)，用刺刺(6%)，打褶皱(6%)
→词源不详。
【记】qu去，ill：用quill扎你一下，你就会quill。
【区】quell（v 镇压）
noun countable
■any of the long sharp pointed hairs on the body of a porcupine （豪猪的）刺
(also quill pen)
■a pen made from a bird's feather, used in the past （过去用的）羽毛笔
n. 大翎毛；羽茎；（豪猪、刺猬的）刚毛
 - seta, chaeta
vt. 刺穿
 - cut through, transpierce

Word: psychosis
Front: psychosis
[saɪˈkəʊsɪs] (17988/17450 -1)
Vocabulary: psychosis
(once / 5388 pages)
n
If your Uncle Marvin starts talking to his furniture and sewing his own clothes out of newspapers, he may be suffering from psychosis, which is a serious psychiatric illness in which a person loses touch with reality.
The Greek psykhe, or "mind" combines with the Latin suffix -osis, "abnormal condition," to form the word psychosis. An "abnormal condition of the mind" sounds like it could describe a lot of mental conditions, and in fact psychosis is a broad term that covers many different disorders. The symptom that those who suffer from psychosis have in common is that they don't experience reality in the same way that most people do; they may hallucinate, or see and hear things that aren't really there.
WORD FAMILY
psychosis: psychoses, psychotic +/antipsychotic: antipsychotics/ psychotic: antipsychotic, psychotically, psychotics
USAGE EXAMPLES
Many women with menstrual problems like excessive bleeding or pain, or endometriosis, or menstrual migraines or menstrual psychosis, are helped tremendously by skipping their periods.
The Guardian(Dec 19, 2016)
Chantix’s updated label will still mention reports of psychosis, paranoia, anxiety and other problems.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
It was clearly influenced by classic directors – Ron Howard, Steven Spielberg – but with this strange psychosis.
The Guardian(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 精神病; 精神错乱; 精神上极度的紧张，不安
分布：精神病(94%)，精神不正常(6%)
→psycho-,精神，心理，-osis,疾病症状。
US [-'koʊ-] (plural psychoses)
noun countable or uncountable
■any of a number of the more severe mental diseases that make you believe things that are not real 精神病，精神变态
• She fell into a drug-induced psychosis. 她因吸毒而患上了精神病。
n. [内科] 精神病；精神错乱
 - mental illness, mental disease

Word: relativistic
Front: relativistic
[ˌrelətɪ'vɪstɪk] (19250/39282)
Back: adj. 相对论的
分布：相对论的(66%)，相对的(34%)
adj. 相对的； [相对] 相对论的
 - opposing

Word: redbrick
Front: redbrick
['red'brɪk] (-/37107)
Back: adj. 新大学的
n. 新大学，新学院
分布：新大学的(44%)，新学院(28%)，新大学(28%)
adjective [before noun]
■describes any of the British universities built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in cities such as Liverpool and Manchester, and not one of the older ones such as Oxford or Cambridge （19世纪末20世纪初建成，与牛津、剑桥等老牌大学有别的）红砖大学的
• Ben actually chose to go to a redbrick university because he didn't like the elitism of Oxford and Cambridge. 本实际上有意选择上一所红砖大学，因为他不喜欢牛津和剑桥大学那种精英主义。
Compare Oxbridge

Word: reaffirmation
Front: reaffirmation
[ˌri:ˌæfə'meɪʃn] (25297/33215)
Back: n. 再断言，再肯定
分布：再断言(55%)，再肯定(45%)
n. 重申；再断言；再确认
 - renewal, reconfirmation

Word: reassertion
Front: reassertion
[,riːə'sɜːʃən] (29830/24944)
Back: n. 再主张
分布：再主张(78%)，再断言(22%)

Word: remunerate
Front: remunerate
[rɪˈmju:nəreɪt] (宝 42476/26244)
Vocabulary: remunerate
(once / 1554 pages)
v
If I owe you money, then I need to remunerate you. To remunerate is to pay money that is owed.
It's nice to be remunerated — that means someone paid you money that was owed. If an employer makes you work overtime, they will need to remunerate you for that. If you lost your dog, offered a reward, and then someone found the dog, that person should be remunerated. When you see remunerate, think "giving someone money they deserve."
WORD FAMILY
remunerate: remunerated, remunerates, remunerating, remuneration, remunerative, remunerator+/ remuneration: remunerations/ remunerative: remuneratively, unremunerative
USAGE EXAMPLES
In the ensuing decade, Trump’s business fortunes rebounded: he became a highly remunerated reality-television star, and he got a lot wealthier.
The New Yorker(Sep 24, 2016)
Like social workers and others who work in care, foster care workers should be remunerated properly, treated fairly, and have recourse to due process.
BBC(Sep 19, 2016)
It would, he believes, reward forms of work that are currently not remunerated - like caring for family members or volunteering.
BBC(Jul 14, 2016)
Back: vt. 酬劳
时态：remunerated, remunerating, remunerates
分布：酬劳(54%)，给与报酬(46%)
→来自拉丁语 remunerari,支付，奖励，来自 re-,向后，往回，munerari,给予，来自 munus,相互， 礼物，职责，服务，词源同 mutual,municipal.即对别人的服务应支付的报酬。比较 emolument.
【记】re反，muner＝number数字就是钱，ate－反钱－报酬
US [-nə.reɪt] formal
verb transitive
■to pay someone for work or services 酬报；给…酬劳
• He is poorly remunerated for all the work he does. 他做了那么多工作，可是得到的报酬却很少。
vt. 酬劳；给与报酬；赔偿
 - make good, indemnify

Word: ringmaster
Front: ringmaster
[ˈrɪŋmɑ:stə(r)] (29399/48514)
Back: n. 马戏表演领班[指挥]
分布：马戏团导演(100%)
→ring,马戏场，master,老板。

Word: rideau

Word: scoot
Front: scoot
[sku:t] (12837/33011)
Back: n. 疾走，迅速跑开
v. 溜走
时态：scooted, scooting, scoots
分布：迅速跑开(70%)，急走(30%)
→可能来自 shoot,投，射出，引申词义疾行，快走，猛冲等。
verb
intransitive usually + adverb or preposition informal
■to go quickly 疾走；飞奔；猛冲
• I'm scooting off to St Andrews for a few days' golf. 我要赶紧去圣安德鲁斯打几天高尔夫。
• I'll have to scoot (= leave quickly) or I'll miss my train. 我得快点走，不然就赶不上火车了。
intransitive + adverb or preposition US informal
■to slide while sitting （坐着时）滑动
• Scoot over and make room for your sister. 挪过去点，让点地方给你妹妹。
vi. 溜走；快走；骑轻便摩托车
 - escape, slip out of
n. 疾走；轻便摩托车
 - dead run, mopeds

Word: screwdriver
Front: screwdriver
[ˈskru:draɪvə(r)] (托宝 13766/12686)
Back: n. 螺丝刀; 螺丝起子; 改锥; 伏特加橙汁鸡尾酒
分布：螺丝起子(89%)，伏特加橙汁鸡尾酒(11%)
US [-vɚ] noun countable
■a tool for turning screws, consisting of a handle joined to a metal rod shaped at one end to fit in the cut in the top of the screw 螺丝起子，螺旋钻

Word: saltwater
Front: saltwater
[ˈsɔ:ltˌwɔ:tə, -ˌwɔtə] (17750/-)
Back: adj. 盐水的; 海产的
分布：盐水的(63%)，海产的(37%)
adj. 盐水的；海产的
 - marine, sea-born

Word: scriptwriter
Front: scriptwriter
[ˈskrɪptraɪtə(r)] (30245/24543)
Back: n. 电影剧本作者
分布：编剧(83%)，剧作家(17%)
→script,剧本，writer,作家。
US [-tˌɚ] noun countable
■a person who writes the words for films or radio or television broadcasts （电影、广播或电视节目的）剧本作者，编剧
n. 编剧
 - screenplay, dramatization

Word: seesaw
Front: seesaw
['si:sɔ:] (22793/42392)
Back: n. 跷跷板，上下动
adj. 前后动的，交互的
vt. 使上下（来回）摇动
vi. 玩跷跷板，上下（来回）摇动
时态：seesawed, seesawing, seesaws
分布：跷跷板(64%)，玩跷跷板(30%)，上下摇动(3%)，上下动(3%)
US [-sɑ:] noun countable (US also teeter-totter)
■a long board that children play on. The board is balanced on a central point so that when a child sits on each end they can make the board go up and down by pushing off the ground with their feet. 跷跷板
UK ['si:.sɔ:] US [-sɑ:] verb intransitive
■to change repeatedly from one emotion, situation, etc. to another and then back again （情绪、局势等）摇摆不定，不断反覆，交替
• His mind seesawed between hope and despair all through those weeks. 那几个星期里，他一会儿心怀希望，一会儿又感到绝望，心情阴晴不定。
n. 跷跷板；秋千
 - swing, teeterboard
adj. 交互的；前后动的
 - alternating, reciprocating
vi. 玩跷跷板；上下来回摇动
 - teetertotter

Word: shoelace
Front: shoelace
[ˈʃu:leɪs] (20679/33110)
Back: n. 鞋带
分布：鞋带(100%)
['ʃu:.leɪs] (also lace) (US also shoestring)
noun countable usually plural
■a thin string or strip of leather used to fasten shoes 鞋带
• My shoelaces came undone. 我的鞋带松开了。
• Do/Tie up your shoelaces, Rosie. 罗茜，把你的鞋带系好。
n. 鞋带
 - tie, bootlace, latchet

Word: sedimentary
Front: sedimentary
[ˌsedɪˈmentri] (托 24168/17649)
Vocabulary: sedimentary
(once / 9916 pages)
adj
Anything sedimentary is formed by or resembles sediment, which consists of little particles of earth that collect in natural bodies of water.
If you ever walked in a lake barefoot and felt the grainy, rocky bottom of the lake, you know how sedimentary things feel. Sedimentary is also a type of rock that’s made from substances left from wind, water, or ice and have been pressed together over time. The other types of rock are igneous (made from lava) and metamorphic (changed from intense heat and pressure). Sedimentary things generally hang out at the bottom of lakes and ponds.
WORD FAMILY
sediment: sedimentary, sedimentation, sedimenting, sediments
USAGE EXAMPLES
Magnetics is complementary and says something about the presence of magmatic rocks and sedimentary basins.
BBC(Dec 15, 2016)
Charcoal, which is also used in radiocarbon dating, can move quite readily through certain sedimentary environments and can have contaminants.
BBC(Nov 02, 2016)
Like sedimentary rock, new layers keep accumulating, and that also applies to the team rosters.
New York Times(Sep 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 沉积的，沉淀性的
分布：沉积的(72%)，沉淀性的(19%)，沉淀作用造成的(9%)
→sediment,沉积物，-ary,形容词后缀。
US [-tˌɚ.i] adjective
■(of rock) made from sediment left by the action of water, ice or wind （岩石）沉积的
• sedimentary rock 沉积岩
adj. 沉淀的
 - precipitated

Word: seminarian
Front: seminarian
[ˌsemɪˈneəriən] (22541/-)
Back: n. 神学校学生
分布：神学校学生(100%)

Word: sellable
Front: sellable
['seləbl] (45263/-)
Back: adj. 适于销售的
分布：适于销售的(100%)
adj. 适于销售的（等于salable）
 - salable

Word: shat
Front: shat
[ʃæt] (-/48320)
Back: v. 大便，拉屎( shit的过去式和过去分词 ); 拉屎弄脏（某物）; 取笑; 欺骗
分布：动词shit的过去式和过去分词(100%)
verb past simple and past participle of
■ shit

Word: taskmaster
Front: taskmaster
[ˈtɑ:skmɑ:stə(r)] (29158/36385)
Back: n. 监工，工头，使人卖力工作的严厉的人
分布：严厉的主人、师父或教师(100%)
n. 工头
 - boss, forman

Word: teetotaller
Front: teetotaller
[ˌti:ˈtəʊtlə(r)] (-/33159)
Back: n. 滴酒不沾的人
分布：禁酒者(60%)，禁酒主义者(40%)

Word: terahertz

Word: thumbnail
Front: thumbnail
[ˈθʌmneɪl] (15113/20744)
Back: n. 拇指甲，极小的东西
adj. 极小的，极短的
分布：极小的(42%)，极短的(23%)，小图片(16%)，大拇指的指甲(13%)，极小之物(6%)
→thumb,拇指，nail,指甲。
noun countable
FINGER 手指
■the nail on the thumb 拇指甲
['θʌm.neɪl] noun countable
PICTURE 图
■a small picture of an image or page on a computer screen （电脑萤幕上的）小视图，缩图
n. 拇指指甲；极小的东西；短文
 - minim
adj. 极小的，极短的
 - itty-bitty, teeny

Word: threesome
Front: threesome
[ˈθri:səm] (20866/33777)
Back: n. 三倍的; 三人一组; 三人的竞赛; 一人对两人的比赛
分布：三人一组(72%)，三人赛(28%)
['θri:.səm] informal
noun countable
■three people as a group 三人一组
n. 三人一组；三人的竞赛；一人对两人的比赛
 - triangle, trinity
adj. 三倍的；三人一组的
 - triple, trinary

Word: textured
Front: textured
[ˈtekstʃəd] (托 14429/16258 -1)
Back: adj. 织地粗糙的，手摸时有感觉的，有织纹的
分布：有织纹的(70%)，质地不平的(30%)
US [-tʃɚd] adjective
■describes something that has a surface that is not smooth but has a raised pattern on it 有纹理的
• textured wallpaper 有纹理的墙纸

Word: toolbox
Front: toolbox
[ˈtu:lbɒks] (17283/28142)
Back: n. 工具箱
分布：工具箱(100%)
n. 工具箱
 - kit, tool chest

Word: tod
Front: tod
[tɒd] (-/13590)
Back: n. <主英><纺>托德（羊毛重量单位）; <英>树丛; 独自; 单独
分布：簇(100%)
→韵律俚语构词，来自 20 世纪初英国伦敦著名赛马骑师 Tod Sloan,后借用他的名字来表示 own,
US [tɑ:d] UK old-fashioned informal
noun
on your tod
■alone 独自，单独
• Are you on your tod tonight - where's your missus? 你今晚是一个人吗？——你老婆去哪里了？
n. 托德（羊毛重量单位）；狐；机灵的人
 - Todd

Word: tropicana

Word: turntable
Front: turntable
[ˈtɜ:nteɪbl] (18124/20826)
Back: n. （唱机的）转盘
分布：转车台(80%)，录音转播机(20%)
→turn,转动，table,桌子。用于指铁路机车的转台。
US ['tɝ:n-] noun countable
■a circular surface on a record player on which the record is played （唱机的）转盘，唱盘
■a circular surface on which a railway engine is turned around （铁路机车掉转方向的）转车台
n. （唱机上的） [声] 转盘； [铁路] 转车台；转车；（餐桌上用的）旋盘
 - dial, rotating disc

Word: unaddressed
Front: unaddressed
['ʌnə'drest] (27187/46317)
Back: adj. （信等）不写姓名地址的，无姓名地址的
分布：无姓名地址的(100%)

Word: uh
Front: uh
[ʌh,ʌ] (4478/13184)
Back: abbr. upper half 上半部; utility helicopter 通用直升机
分布：名词(100%)
/ʌ] exclamation
■a written representation of the sound that people sometimes make when they are thinking what to say next 嗯，呃（表示在思考下文的象声词）
• It's not too far - it's about, uh, five miles from here. 不太远——离这儿大约有——嗯——五哩远。

Word: unappreciated
Front: unappreciated
[ˌʌnəˈpri:ʃieɪtɪd] (25434/37244)
Vocabulary: unappreciated
(once / 14241 pages)
adj
Knowing that "un-" means "not," you can probably figure out that someone who is unappreciated is someone whose value is not recognized or rewarded. We all feel unappreciated at times, but feeling that way might help us appreciate others.
The adjective unappreciated took shape in the mid-19th century. It evolved from the Latin appretiāre, "to set a value on something." The word unappreciated can refer to anything that does not receive full credit, either positive or negative. For example, we might say that the possibilities of disaster due to global warming are still unappreciated by most people.
WORD FAMILY
appreciated: unappreciated +/ appreciable: appreciably, inappreciable/ appreciate: appreciable, appreciated, appreciates, appreciating, appreciation, appreciative, appreciator/ appreciation: appreciations/ appreciative: appreciatively, appreciativeness, unappreciative/appreciator: appreciators/inappreciable: inappreciably/unappreciative: unappreciatively
USAGE EXAMPLES
"These aerial flows are an unappreciated aspect of terrestrial ecosystems, equivalent to the oceanic movements of plankton which power the oceanic food chains."
Reuters(Dec 22, 2016)
“Very unappreciated outside these walls. … Everybody is down on him but he comes through and he shows his mental toughness and pushes through.”
Seattle Times(Nov 28, 2016)
Still, Mr. Schmidt had an optimistic outlook about how technology already provides unappreciated benefits.
New York Times(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 未被欣赏的
分布：未得到欣赏的(100%)

Word: udine

Word: typist
Front: typist
[ˈtaɪpɪst] (高研四六 22849/14970)
Back: n. 打字员
分布：打字员(100%)
n.打字员The typist plays Typhoon on the piano in a typical style.打字员以典型的风格在钢琴上演奏"台风".
noun countable
■a person who is employed to type letters, reports and other documents 打字员
n. [印刷] 打字员，打字者
 - typer

Word: unexamined
Front: unexamined
[ʌnɪg'zæmɪnd] (21336/34285)
Back: adj. 未经检查（或调查、审查）的，未经权衡的，未经核对的
分布：未经权衡的(40%)，未经考虑的(20%)，未审查的(20%)，未检查的(20%)
adj. 未经检查的，未经核对的；未经权衡的
 - uninspected, unchecked

Word: unprepossessing
Front: unprepossessing
[ˌʌnˌpri:pəˈzesɪŋ] (宝 29400/34284)
Vocabulary: unprepossessing
(once / 14467 pages)
adj
If you find someone to be unprepossessing, you find them unattractive. Not that they're ugly, mind you! Just unprepossessing.
Unprepossessing is a rather indirect way of calling someone unattractive, or at best OK-looking. Unprepossessing is not quite the same as "ugly." Rather, just a way of saying that someone's looks aren't what you're most likely to remember about them. Cinderella was most unprepossessing in the filthy clothes and worn-out shoes that her step-sisters forced her to wear. But when she was all decked out by her fairy godmother, she was the belle of the ball: she was no longer unprepossessing.
WORD FAMILY
unprepossessing: unprepossessingly+/dispossess: dispossessed, dispossesses, dispossessing, dispossession/dispossession: dispossessions/ possess: dispossess, possessed, possesses, possessing, possession, possessive, possessor, prepossess, repossess/ possessed: possessedly, self-possessed/ possession: possessions, self-possession/ possessive: possessively, possessiveness, possessives/possessor: possessors/prepossess: prepossessed, prepossesses, prepossessing, prepossession /prepossessing: prepossessingly, unprepossessing / prepossession: prepossessions/repossess: repossessed, repossesses, repossessing, repossession/repossession: repossessions
USAGE EXAMPLES
On the first day, Masto found herself with more than 30 women crowded into an unprepossessing room with a single stove and a sink.
The Guardian(Dec 07, 2016)
Another unit in the same building was dark and unprepossessing.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
The food does most of the talking at this spacious, unprepossessing restaurant.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 不吸引人的，不妩媚的
【记】un不，prepossessing（adj 引入注意的）：不吸引人的
【反】entrancing（adj 使人神魂颠倒的）；winsome（adj 迷人的）

Word: unobserved
Front: unobserved
[ˌʌnəbˈzɜ:vd] (26153/19960)
Back: adj. 没有观察到的，无人遵守的
分布：没有观察到(100%)
adj. 未被遵守的；未被注意的
 - unmarked, unnoticed

Word: unrewarded
Front: unrewarded
[ˌʌnrɪˈwɔ:dɪd] (36721/34229)
Back: adj. 未获报答（或报偿、报酬、奖赏）的

Word: utensil
Front: utensil
[ju:ˈtensl] (六托宝 12652/18588 -1)
Vocabulary: utensil
(once / 1439 pages)
n
A utensil is a tool you can hold in your hand and use around the house. In the kitchen, common utensils are the knives, forks, and spoons that we hold in our hands and use to eat.
The word utensil comes from the Latin utensilia meaning "things for use." A pen is a writing utensil. A spatula is a cooking utensil. A scrub brush is a cleaning utensil. A knife is a cutting utensil. All of these objects can be held in your hand and are used to get something done.
WORD FAMILY
utensil: utensils
USAGE EXAMPLES
Just as old is the verb form, for working with such a utensil.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 28, 2016)
The Grays and their children filled Mr. Serugendo and Ms. Uwamahoro’s apartment with furniture, kitchen utensils and toys for the children.
New York Times(Dec 24, 2016)
Tents and freight containers stretched for blocks, selling everything from cooking utensils to women’s underwear.
Seattle Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 器具，用具; 器皿; 家庭厨房用具
分布：用具(100%)
→来自拉丁语uti, 使用，利用，用于指器具，器皿。
用具,器血(ut用+ensil表物品→用具)[us,ut=use,表示"用"]
【记】ut＝use，ensil－厨房用品
noun countable
■a tool with a particular use, especially in a kitchen or house （尤指厨房或家用的）器具，用具
• In the drawer was a selection of kitchen utensils - spoons, spatulas, knives and whisks. 抽屉里有一套厨房用具——勺、铲子、刀和搅蛋器。
n. 用具， [轻] 器皿
 - vessel, tool

Word: vail
Front: vail
[veil] (-/47933)
Back: n. 小费
v. 放下; 脱下; 降低; 脱帽
分布：脱下(50%)，放下(50%)
vi. 降下；脱帽；有利
 - to advantage, have it
vt. 放下；脱下；有利于
 - lower, advantage
n. 小费
 - fee, tip

Word: utilise
Front: utilise
['ju:tɪlaɪz] (-/6670)
Back: vt. 利用，使用
时态：utilised, utilising, utilises
分布：名词(75%)，动词(25%)
vt. 使用（等于utilize）；利用
 - fashion, employ, exercise, put to use, do with

Word: unshakeable
Front: unshakeable
[ʌn'ʃeɪkəbl] (37118/20695)
Back: adj. 不可改变的，坚定不移的
(also unshakable) [ʌn'ʃeɪ.kə.bl] adjective
■If someone's trust or belief is unshakeable, it is firm and cannot be made weaker or destroyed （信任或信仰）不可动摇的，坚定不移的
• She was blessed with an unshakeable belief in her own abilities. 幸运的是，她对自己的能力深信不疑。
adj. 不可动摇的；坚定不移的
 - unalterable, unpersuadable

Word: untended
Front: untended
['ʌn'tendɪd] (25944/37021)
Back: adj. 未受到照料的，被忽略了的

Word: wearisome
Front: wearisome
[ˈwɪərisəm] (宝 35654/33469)
Vocabulary: wearisome
(once / 1805 pages)
adj
Anything that's boring, tedious, or so dull that it puts you to sleep can be described as wearisome. Long bus rides and long classroom lectures can both be wearisome.
The adjective wearisome is good for describing things that seem to last forever, that require repetition, or that are otherwise both boring and mentally exhausting. Always being told "Be careful!" by your parents can be wearisome, and typing data into a computer all day is also wearisome. The original, fifteenth century meaning of wearisome was "weary" or "tired," but it quickly came to mean "making one weary," from the Old English root werig, "tired."
WORD FAMILY
wearisome: wearisomely, wearisomest+/overweary: overwearied, overwearying/unwearied: unweariedly/unweary: unwearily, unwearyingly/wearied: unwearied, weariedly/ weariness: wearinesses/ weary: overweary, unweary, wearied, wearier, wearies, weariest, wearily, weariness, wearisome, wearying, wearyingly/wearying: unwearying
USAGE EXAMPLES
That helps bring in foreign buyers who do not fancy the wearisome drive from Lahore.
Economist(Oct 27, 2016)
The story won’t end here, but a wearisome weekend ended in relief.
The New Yorker(Sep 19, 2016)
Growing up is a series of dreams evaporating; the reality is always more wearisome and less dignified than you had hoped.
New York Times(Jul 30, 2016)
Back: adj. 令人疲乏的，令人厌烦的; 劳
分布：使疲倦的(51%)，厌烦的(33%)，令人厌烦的(16%)
→来自weary,乏味的。
US ['wɪr.ɪ-] formal
adjective
■causing a person to be tired and/or bored 使人疲倦的；令人厌倦的
• Simple repetitive tasks can be very wearisome. 简单的重复性工作会让人觉得很乏味。
adj. 使疲倦的；使厌倦的；乏味的
 - stupid, pathetic

Word: veterinarian
Front: veterinarian
[ˌvetərɪˈneəriən] (雅 11544/42752)
Vocabulary: veterinarian
(once / 10414 pages)
n
A veterinarian is a doctor for animals. When it’s time for your dog to get his shots, you take him to the veterinarian.
A veterinarian is someone who treats, cures, and prevents diseases in animals. If you want to become a veterinarian, start studying hard! Much like a people doctor, a veterinarian must have formal training before practicing — typically 4 years of veterinary medicine coursework after completing an undergraduate degree. The word veterinarian is often shortened to “vet.” You might look at your dog and say, “Time to go to the vet!”
WORD FAMILY
veterinarian: veterinarians
USAGE EXAMPLES
“It’s hard to say,” said Dr. Glenn Walquist, the veterinarian who performed Archer’s surgery.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
His father, a veterinarian who does his own accounting, even offered to help Kevin with the bookkeeping.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
Veterinarians discovered several masses suspected to be cancer.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Back: n. <正>兽医
分布：兽医(100%)
US [-'ner.i-] noun countable US formal for
■ vet
n. [兽医] 兽医
 - veterinary medicine, veterinary surgeon

Word: vexatious
Front: vexatious
[vekˈseɪʃəs] (38001/24729)
Vocabulary: vexatious
(once / 3171 pages)
adj
Vexatious describes something that drives you crazy. The kid you're babysitting refusing to go to bed might be vexatious, for example.
Something vexatious, pronounced "veks-AY-shus," is irritating or annoying, like an itch in the middle of your back that you can't reach, or a task that you need to do for work. You can also describe something that's worrying you as vexatious, like a parent's vexatious thoughts the first time a child drives the car alone. Vexatious is also a legal term. It describes a lawsuit meant to annoy, with no hope of winning the suit.
WORD FAMILY
vexatious: vexatiously
USAGE EXAMPLES
The potential roles that his daughter Ivanka Trump and her husband, Jared Kushner, may play in the administration are particularly vexatious.
New York Times(Dec 24, 2016)
The prime minister told defence chiefs she was determined to stop "vexatious" claims being brought against the armed forces.
BBC(Oct 17, 2016)
Defence Secretary Michael Fallon has been explaining how he plans to protect British troops from "vexatious" legal claims.
BBC(Oct 04, 2016)
Back: adj. 伤脑筋的
分布：令人烦恼的(70%)，让人生气的(15%)，使人困惑的(15%)
[vek'seɪ.ʃəs] old-fashioned
adjective
■difficult to deal with and causing a lot of anger, worry or argument 令人恼火的，使人烦恼的；让人伤脑筋的
• This settlement will resolve one of the most vexatious (= difficult) problems in the field of industrial relations. 这一协定将解决劳资关系中最为棘手的问题之一。
adj. 令人烦恼的；麻烦的；无理纠缠的
 - tight, worrisome

Word: warthog
Front: warthog
[ˈwɔ:thɒg] (31562/-)
Back: n. 疣猪（一种非洲野猪）
分布：名词(100%)
US ['wɔ:rt.hɑ:g] noun countable
■an African wild pig with a large head, tusks and little raised areas on the male's face that look like warts 疣猪（产于非洲的一种野猪，头大，长有獠牙，雄性脸部有赘肉）

Word: warble
Front: warble
[ˈwɔ:bl] (宝 24023/32997)
Vocabulary: warble
(once / 1466 pages)
1v 2n
To warble is to sing in an uneven, quavering voice. You won't win any singing contests if you warble the songs.
Think of the class of song birds known as warblers. They have great songs, but they don't sound quite human. They trill, whistle, vibrate and constantly change pitch. That's a warble. Done well, a human warble can be as engaging as it is difficult. But an old lady with unsteady lungs and vocal chords may also warble, and it is neither deliberate nor very pleasing to the ears.
WORD FAMILY
warble: warbled, warbler, warbles, warbling+/warbler: warblers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Cooper’s hawks, warbling vireo, Bewick’s wren, spotted towhee and American goldfinch have all become common sights in the forest, which also includes open areas.
Seattle Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Temperatures are moderate, migratory monarch butterflies flit and tree swallows warble their way along the Atlantic Flyway.
New York Times(Oct 14, 2016)
Bromberg has never sung better, his wise, warm warble enhanced by masterful timing and droll wit.
Washington Times(Oct 13, 2016)
Back: v. 鸟鸣，用柔和的颤声唱
n. 鸟啭，颤声
时态：warbled, warbling, warbles
分布：鸟鸣(41%)，颤音(33%)，用颤音唱(13%)，动物背上的肿块(13%)
→可能来自拟声词，或来自wer,弯，转，词源同vibrate,wring。用于指颤音，莺啼鸟啭。
【记】warb＝ward（n 病房），le乐：病房里面的病人乐了，因为你用柔和的颤音唱歌
US ['wɔ:r-] verb intransitive
■(of a bird) to sing pleasantly （鸟）啭鸣
■humorous
■to sing, especially in a high voice （尤指以高音）歌唱
• Was that you I heard warbling in the bathroom this morning? 今天早上我听见在浴室里高声唱歌的是不是你？
n. 鸟啭鸣；颤声
 - trill

Word: womaniser

Word: winsome
Front: winsome
[ˈwɪnsəm] (宝 24647/35883)
Vocabulary: winsome
(once / 3181 pages)
adj
If you are described as winsome, take it as a compliment. It means you are attractive or charming in an open and delightful way. It doesn't mean you win some and you lose some.
The word winsome comes from the Old English wynn which means pleasure and delight. The word sometimes carries with it a feeling of childlike joy or innocence that is attractive or pleasing to others. There is nothing hiding behind a winsome smile. It wins over others in a fresh and honest way.
WORD FAMILY
winsome: winsomely, winsomeness, winsomest+/winsomeness: winsomenesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
The press conference was small, and Guerra’s tone winsome and patriotic.
The New Yorker(Dec 02, 2016)
But it’s delivered with Gallic politesse and swamped by a fairy-tale quality that tilts the tone away from urgency and toward winsome innocence.
New York Times(Nov 24, 2016)
That’s not a knock on the winsome neighborhood eatery, where bread gets its own course and lamb ribs are eaten with one’s hands.
Washington Post(Oct 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 迷人的，有吸引力的
分布：迷人的(47%)，可爱的(40%)，快活的(13%)
→来自win的古义，收获，愉悦，享受，引申词义迷人的，楚楚动人的。
媚人的;漂亮的(win赢得...赢得好感)[-some表形容词"充满…的,具有...倾向的"]
【记】win赢，some身体：用身体赢得别人的－迷人的
【参】chromosome（n 染色体）
【反】unprepossessing（adj 不吸引人的）；repelling（令人厌恶的）
['wɪn.səm] literary approving
adjective
■attractive and pleasing, with simple qualities, sometimes like those a child has 天真可爱的；讨人喜欢的
• Maria brought along her eldest daughter - a winsome lass with brown eyes and a ready smile. 玛丽亚带来了她的大女儿——一个长着棕色眼睛、总是面带笑容的可爱小姑娘。
adj. 迷人的；可爱的；引人注目的
 - lovely, attractive, taking, pretty, killing

Word: wreathe
Front: wreathe
[ri:ð] (雅宝 24499/23586)
Back: vt. （完全地）笼罩; 包围; 覆盖; 将…扎成圈（或环）
vi. （指烟、雾、汽等）缭绕
时态：wreathed, wreathing, wreathes
分布：盘绕(72%)，作成花圈(14%)，环绕(14%)
【记】wreath（n 花环），e：编织w＝we，rea＝ready，the神：我们为神准备的东西－花环－编织
literary
verb transitive
■to cover or surround something 覆盖；缠绕，环绕
• The peak of the mountain is perpetually wreathed in cloud. 这座山的山顶长年云雾缭绕。
[ri:ð] literary
verb transitive
be wreathed in smiles
■to be smiling and looking extremely happy 笑容满面；喜气洋洋
• He was wreathed in smiles as he accepted the award. 他领奖时笑容满面。
vt. 用花环装饰；将…做成花环；包围；覆盖
 - invest, case, roof, house, sheet
vi. 缭绕；成圈状；扭曲；环绕盘旋
 - coil

Word: workhouse
Front: workhouse
[ˈwɜ:khaʊs] (29197/9164)
Back: n. 囚犯工厂，贫民习艺所
分布：劳教所(100%)
US ['wɝ:k-] noun countable
■a building where very poor people in Britain used to work, in the past, in exchange for food and shelter （英国旧时的）劳动济贫所 Compare poorhouse
n. （英）济贫院；（美） [法] 教养所；感化院；贫民习艺所
 - community home, bridewell

Word: absolution
Front: absolution
[ˌæbsəˈlu:ʃn] (23631/22429)
Vocabulary: absolution
(once / 2619 pages)
n
Absolution is a religious concept for purging someone of sin, granting them absolution. The word is used for other kinds of forgiveness too.
When you sin or make a mistake, you usually want absolution — which is like forgiveness. In many religions, if you confess your sins, you can be granted absolution: the sin is forgiven, forgotten, wiped clean. Usually, the sinning person has to do some kind of penance to atone for the sin to achieve absolution. Absolution is a serious concept: if you jaywalked, you probably won't worry about absolution. If you killed somebody, absolution is going to be more important.
WORD FAMILY
absolution: absolutions+/ absolve: absolution, absolved, absolver, absolves, absolving/absolver: absolvers
USAGE EXAMPLES
The death of her grandmother sends a little girl on an epic journey of absolution.
Washington Post(Dec 01, 2016)
Establish authority as a historian of the weird and offer sweeping absolution for various human foibles.
New York Times(Nov 22, 2016)
Under canon law, abortion brings automatic excommunication unless the person receiving or performing it confesses and receives absolution.
New York Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: n. 宽恕; 赦罪; （誓言、诺言或责任的）免除; 解除
分布：免罪(67%)，赦罪(33%)
免除;赦免(ab离开+solut+ion→松开后离开→免除)[Solv,solu,solut=loosen,表示"松开"]
[ˌæb.sə'lu:.ʃən] formal
noun uncountable
■official forgiveness, especially in the Christian religion, for something bad that someone has done or thought （尤指基督教中的）赦罪，解罪；宽恕
• She was granted/given absolution. 她被宽恕了。
n. [法] 赦免；免罪
 - acquittal, indulgency

Word: absorbent
Front: absorbent
[əbˈsɔ:bənt] (25825/23584)
Back: adj. 能吸收的
n. 吸收剂
分布：吸收剂(88%)，能吸收的(8%)，=absorbant.(4%)
吸收剂(absorb吸收)[-ent 1.表示形容词"…的"2.表名词"…药剂"3.表名词"…人"]
US [-'zɔ:r-] adjective
■able to take liquid in through the surface and to hold it 能吸收（液体）的
• absorbent paper 吸水纸
n. [化工] [核] [化学] 吸收剂
 - absorbing agent, resorbent

Word: abridge
Front: abridge
[əˈbrɪdʒ] (托雅宝 26746/36604)
Vocabulary: abridge
(once / 1519 pages)
v
So the editor wants to cut your epic 800-page history of the stapler to a 150-page summary instead. Don't cry — he just wants to abridge your masterpiece, trimming it down to the more readable essential elements.
Synonymous with abbreviate, condense and cut short, abridge comes from the Latin word abreviare, which means "to shorten." Although it's usually used in reference to wordy texts, one can also abridge or shorten a piece of clothing; a miniskirt is just an abridged version of the old floor length hoop skirt, for example. But abridging something isn't always good: If your civil rights are abridged, they've been lessened in some way.
WORD FAMILY
abridge: abridged, abridgement, abridger, abridges, abridging, abridgment+/ abridged: unabridged /abridgement: abridgements/abridger: abridgers/abridgment: abridgments
USAGE EXAMPLES
Instead, her father read her a heavily abridged and sanitized illustrated version of “On the Road” designed for 6- to 12-year-old children.
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Instead they request files of interest, which the BfV delivers abridged and redacted.
The Guardian(Dec 15, 2016)
Full of spectacle and fun — and some magnificent voices — this abridged, filmed version of the Julie Taymor-directed Mozart favorite is great for families.
Seattle Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: vt. 节略; 减少; 缩短; <古>剥夺（某人的）权利（或特权等）
时态：abridged, abridging, abridges
分布：缩短(59%)，删节(31%)，限制(10%)
→abbreviate的变体。-d为插入字母，俗化为bridge.
【记】a一座，bridge短，桥－一座桥把路缩短了－缩短
【反】amplify（v 放大）；protract（v 延长）；extend in length（伸长）；condensed（adj 浓缩的）－unabridged（adj 未删减的）
verb transitive
■to make a book, play or piece of writing shorter by removing details and information that is not important 删节；节略
• The book was abridged for children. 这本书删节后供儿童阅读。
shorten, abbreviate, abridge, cut
这些动词均含有“缩短”之意。
shorten: 通常指缩短时间、尺寸或过程。
abbreviate: 指省去应有的或后续的部分，从而使整体缩短。也可指缩短时间。
abridge: 多指对书籍的删节或缩短，删去不重要部分而保存其精华。
cut: 普通用词，指任何缩短而缩减的过程。
vt. 删节；缩短；节略
 - cut, pot

Word: adduce
Front: adduce
[əˈdju:s] (宝 26527/16249)
Vocabulary: adduce
(once / 1922 pages)
v
When you adduce something, you offer proof in support of an argument. You might adduce the contents of your nearly empty closet in an effort to get your mom to take you clothing shopping.
The word adduce comes from the Latin adducere, which means to lead or bring along. If you were a lawyer, you might adduce, or bring forth, a witness in order to help your case. You might also adduce a piece of evidence, like a fact, to help with your argument. You might think of the word add to help you remember the definition of adduce; when you adduce something, you are adding to an argument by offering proof.
WORD FAMILY
adduce: adduced, adduces, adducing
USAGE EXAMPLES
It adduced “Nature’s God” and also the “Creator.”
The New Yorker(Oct 17, 2016)
He adduces them as proof to his critics in the global jihadist community that only he can inspire such devotion.
Time(Jul 16, 2016)
His latest claim is that the leaders of Islamic State would welcome Brexit, for which he has adduced no evidence.
Wall Street Journal(Jun 21, 2016)
Back: vt. 引证，举出（例证、理由等）
时态：adduced, adducing, adduces
分布：举出(57%)，引证(43%)
→前缀ad-, 去，往。词根duc, 拉，引导，见conduct.
引证,举例(ad+duce引导→一再引导→举例说明)[ab-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at-等加在同辅音字母的词根前,表示"一再"等加强意]
【记】ad朝向，duce引导，带领－引导出－举出
【参】induce（vt 引诱）；education（n 教育）
US [-'du:s] formal
verb transitive often passive
■to give reasons why you think something is true 引证，举出（理由、证据等）
• None of the evidence adduced in court was conclusive. 在法庭上引证的证据都不确凿。

Word: acrid
Front: acrid
[ˈækrɪd] (托宝 18600/20185)
Vocabulary: acrid
(once / 3516 pages)
1adj 2adj
Acrid is almost always used to describe a smell, and it ain't a pretty one. Acrid is the nasty sting that you feel in your nose when you walk by a building that just burned down––it's sulfur mixed with smoke.
You can also use acrid to describe someone's tone or general demeanor when they are being nasty. Someone about to do something evil might first give an acrid sneer, or speak in a chillingly acrid tone of voice, or even shudder as if they'd just bit into something with an acrid taste.
WORD FAMILY
acrid: acridest, acridity, acridly, acridness +/acridity: acridities
USAGE EXAMPLES
An acrid smell fills the air as Garb walks past ramshackle workshops and blackened hills.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
But El Popo, as locals call it, rebuffed them with ash and belches of acrid gas—precisely what the scientists wanted to measure.
Science Magazine(Nov 21, 2016)
Camp residents heard the screaming before the acrid scent of burning plastic and polyester wafted through the abandoned factory.
Time(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 辛辣的; 刺鼻的; （性格、态度、言词等）刻薄的; 尖刻的
分布：辛辣的(61%)，尖刻的(25%)，苦味的(14%)
→来自词根acer, 酸的。
辛辣的;类刻的(acrimony的形容词)[acid,acri,acrid,acu=sour,sharp,表示"尖,酸,锐利"]
【记】源于拉丁语acer表示尖锐；acid酸＋r＝辛辣的，刻薄的
【反】gentle（adj 温和文雅的）
adjective
■describes a smell or taste that is strong and bitter and causes a burning feeling in the throat （气味或味道）辛辣的，苦的，刺激的，呛人的
• Clouds of acrid smoke issued from the building. 楼内冒出阵阵刺鼻的烟雾。
adj. 辛辣的；苦的；刻薄的
 - acid, bitter, spicy

Word: aflutter
Front: aflutter
[ə'flʌtə] None
Back: adj. & adv. 飘扬的，激动的飘扬
分布：飘扬的(51%)，激动的(33%)，紧张的(16%)
US [-'flʌtˌ.ɚ] humorous
adjective [after verb]
■excited and nervous 激动不安的；紧张兴奋的
• I'm all aflutter about meeting him after so long. 久别后将再见到他，我激动不已。
• Paul had walked into the room and set my heart aflutter. 保罗走进了房间，我紧张得心怦怦直跳。
adj. 飘扬的；激动的
 - excited, hot

Word: affectation
Front: affectation
[ˌæfekˈteɪʃn] (宝 23010/22237)
Vocabulary: affectation
(once / 1154 pages)
n
The guy at your local coffee shop who's never left the state but speaks as though he's lived in London all his life? His British accent is an affectation.
Never confuse affectation with affection — which means “love” or “tenderness.” While affection might not always be genuine, affectation is never the real thing. In fact, affectation is all about faking it. Do you believe the politician cares about poor people, or do you think his concern is an affectation?
WORD FAMILY
affectation: affectations+/ affect: affectation, affected, affecting, affectional, affective, affects, disaffect/ affected: affectedest, affectedly, affectedness, ill-affected, unaffected / affecting: affectingly, unaffecting/affectional: affectionally/ affective: affectively/disaffect: disaffected, disaffecting, disaffection, disaffects/disaffection: disaffections/ unaffected: unaffectedly, unaffectedness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Zardulu speaks slowly, either as an affectation of mystery, or because she carefully chooses her words.
Washington Post(Dec 14, 2016)
One, I suspect, is an affectation designed to disguise the other, but I am 33 and no longer sure which is which.
The Guardian(Dec 17, 2016)
They were a declaration of surrender — or, at their silky best, an affectation.
Washington Post(Dec 11, 2016)
Back: n. 假装; 装模作样; 装模作样的言行; 矫情
分布：做作(58%)，假装(32%)，虚饰(10%)
假装(affect+ation→做出的感动→假装)[fac,fact,fect,fic,fig=make,do,表示"做,制作"]
【记】af朝向，fect做，造，ation名词后缀－做出来的－矫揉造作；
【区】affection（n 友爱）；affectation中多一个a，像插在耳边的一朵花－矫揉造作。
【反】artlessness（n 天真烂漫）
[ˌæf.ek'teɪ.ʃən] disapproving
noun countable or uncountable
■behaviour or speech that is not sincere 矫揉造作，做作，装模作样；假装
• She has so many little affectations. 她身上有好多矫揉造作的小毛病。
• His manner reeks of affectation. 他的举止做作至极。
• "It doesn't concern me, " he said with an affectation of nonchalance. “这不关我的事，”他故作冷漠地说。
n. 做作；矫揉造作；假装
 - simulation, acting

Word: allergen
Front: allergen
[ˈælədʒən] (17371/41067)
Back: n. 变应原
分布：过敏原(100%)
→词根alle，相异，不同。词根gen, 产生。
US [-ɚ-] specialized
noun countable
■a substance which can cause an allergy (= condition of the body reacting badly to something) but which is not harmful to most people 过敏原；变应原（引起过敏反应的物质）
n. [医] 过敏原
 - anaphylactogen, sensitinogen

Word: aging
Front: aging
['eɪdʒɪŋ] (5306/23291)
Vocabulary: aging
(once / 1447 pages)
nadj
Aging means growing older. You could say that your glamorous grandparents make aging look easy.
The process of getting older, especially as people reach middle age and beyond, is called aging, and it's also an adjective that describes someone or something going through this process. Your aging French teacher might find it harder and harder to read her own writing on the chalkboard, and an aging motorcycle probably needs to be repaired more often. The verb age, or "grow older," is at the heart of aging, and its Latin root is aevum, "lifetime."
WORD FAMILY
age: aged, ageing, ageism, ageless, ages, aging, agism, nonage, overaged, underage+/aged: ageder, agedest, agedly, agedness, nonaged, unaged/ageism: ageisms/ageless: agelessly, agelessness/underage: underager
USAGE EXAMPLES
But the passage of time hasn’t been easy for the aging school.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Meanwhile, overall spending on building new factories or upgrading aging equipment languished.
Wall Street Journal(Jan 02, 2017)
The center relies on other agencies and volunteers for various programs, including meals through the Northeast Iowa Area Agency on Aging.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Back: n. 老化; 老龄化; （酒等的）陈化; 熟化
v. 使变老; （使）长大( age的现在分词 ); 使显老; 使变老; 使苍老
分布：迟滞)(50%)，老化(时效(50%)
mainly US present participle of
■* age (PROCESS)
n. 老化；陈化，熟化
 - ageing, senescense

Word: aflame
Front: aflame
[əˈfleɪm] (25870/36531)
Vocabulary: aflame
(once / 3818 pages)
adj
Something that's aflame is on fire. You might accidentally set your marshmallow aflame when you're toasting it over a campfire.
Cherries jubilee is a dessert that's famous for being set aflame at the table, and a stray bolt of lightning can set the roof of a house aflame. In either case, something's burning. You can also use the word figuratively, to describe someone who's very excited: "He was aflame with enthusiasm when he learned there would be a new Harry Potter book." The Latin root of aflame is flamma, "blazing fire."
WORD FAMILY
aflame
USAGE EXAMPLES
The last we see of her, she orchestrates her death yet again, by setting a tent aflame, so that she can infiltrate headquarters with Hector.
Time(Nov 28, 2016)
But the heretic on the pyre would really rather not be set aflame, and so, perhaps, would the pig on the spit.
The New Yorker(Nov 20, 2016)
The jump from Twitter racism to a black church set aflame on a warm Southern night is steady and predictable.
The New Yorker(Nov 13, 2016)
Back: adj. 燃烧着的（地）; 红似火的（地）; 炽烈的（地）; 兴奋的（地）
分布：燃烧的(35%)，激动的(27%)，燃烧中(20%)，炽热的(6%)，涨红脸的(6%)，炽热地(6%)
→来自短语on flame.
[ə'fleɪm] literary
adjective [after verb]
■burning 着火的；燃烧着的
• The whole village was aflame. 整个村子都陷入一片火海中。
■red or gold, as if burning 火一般红的；耀目的
• It was autumn and the trees were aflame with colour. 时值秋天，树林绚烂似火。
• Her cheeks were aflame with embarrassment/anger. 她的脸窘／气得通红。
■very excited 炽烈的；激动的
• Aflame with desire, he took her in his arms. 他欲火中烧，将她拥入怀中。
adj. 燃烧的；激动的；火一般红的；昂然的
 - burning, excited, hot

Word: bashful
Front: bashful
[ˈbæʃfl] (托 22828/32929)
Vocabulary: bashful
(once / 1600 pages)
adj
Bashful means shy or timid. You might feel bashful when meeting a famous actress, a high-ranking government official, or just someone whom you find really good-looking.
Bashful and shy are similar in meaning, but not quite identical. Bashful often describes people who are shy but friendly. In fact, being bashful is sometimes seen as an endearing quality. So, you probably wouldn't use bashful to describe a quiet, reserved coworker with whom you have little contact; shy would be a better fit. However, bashful is a perfect description for your good friend who unfortunately becomes tongue-tied whenever she tries to talk to strangers.
WORD FAMILY
bashful: bashfulest, bashfully, bashfulness
USAGE EXAMPLES
He is more extroverted than the Bashful Prince — the nickname bestowed on the Japanese golfer Ryo Ishikawa, who is a year older.
New York Times(Dec 05, 2016)
Marshall isn’t bashful – his locker room antics described below are evidence enough of that.
Seattle Times(Nov 18, 2016)
He becomes boyishly bashful when recalling meeting President Obama on a state visit to Jamaica.
The Guardian(Nov 12, 2016)
Back: adj. 羞怯的; 局促不安的，缺乏自信的; 羞羞答答; 忸怩
分布：害羞的(55%)，羞怯的(35%)，羞愧的(10%)
→来自词根bat, 张嘴，拟声词，指窘迫，害羞，词源同abeyance.
【记】bash窘迫的；参：abash（vt 使局促不安，使困窘）
adjective
■often feeling uncomfortable with other people and easily embarrassed; shy 害羞的，羞怯的
• She gave a bashful smile as he complimented her on her work. 当他恭维她的工作成果时，她腼腆地笑了笑。
adj. 害羞的，腼腆的
 - shy, blate

Word: backslap

Word: beachside

Word: bendy
Front: bendy
[ˈbendi] (-/34773)
Back: adj. 易弯曲的，柔韧的
级别：bendier, bendiest
分布：多弯的(100%)
['ben.di] UK
adjective
■describes something that has many bends in it or that can be easily bent 多弯的，易弯的
• a bendy road 弯弯曲曲的路
• a bendy toy 柔韧的玩具
adj. 柔韧的；迂回曲折的
 - flexible, pliable

Word: backbite
Front: backbite
['bækbaɪt] None
Back: vt. & vi. 中伤
时态：backbit, backbitten, backbiting, backbites
分布：背后诽谤(58%)，背后中伤(42%)

Word: axeman

Word: bollard
Front: bollard
[ˈbɒlɑ:d] (42294/22767)
Vocabulary: bollard
(once / 50727 pages)
n
A bollard is a short post, especially one used for mooring a boat. If you visit a working harbor, you'll see many bollards.
Bollards are known for being especially sturdy, strong enough that a boat securely moored there can't be blown or tossed around. Some ships also have bollards on board, for wrapping and storing unused rope. Posts used to control automobile traffic are sometimes also called bollards. The root is thought to be the Old Norse bolr, "tree trunk."
WORD FAMILY
bollard: bollards
USAGE EXAMPLES
Manned checkpoints, rising street bollards and crash-proof barricades are among the measures proposed.
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
Her daughter Suzanne Smith said the car flipped after hitting a bollard and a large decorative rock.
BBC(Dec 23, 2016)
The US state department “anti-ram vehicle list” lists several types of bollards to protect the perimeter of its embassies abroad.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. （行人安全岛的）短柱，护柱; （船上或码头上的）系船柱
分布：护柱(54%)，系船柱(46%)
→来自bole, 树干。用树干做的系船用的柱子。
US ['bɑ:.lɚd] noun countable
■a short thick post that boats can be tied to 系船柱，带缆桩
mainly UK
■a post that is put in the middle or at the end of a road to keep vehicles off or out of a particular area （阻止车辆行驶的）挡柱
n. [水运] 系船柱
 - mooring dolphin

Word: bia
Front: bia
['bɪə] None
Back: [医][=bacteria inhibition assay]抑菌测定

Word: cajun

Word: byway
Front: byway
[ˈbaɪweɪ] (20880/22812)
Back: n. 旁道; 间道; 偏僻小路; （研究、学问等的）次要（或冷僻）的领域
分布：旁道(64%)，次要的领域(36%)
小道(by+way小路)[by-表示"在旁边,副的"]
noun countable
■a small road that not many cars or people travel on 偏僻小路

Word: boreal
Front: boreal
['bɔ:ri:l] (24261/-)
Back: adj. 北的; 北方的; 北方地区的; 北风的
分布：北风的(75%)，北温带北部森林地区的(25%)
adj. 北的，北方的；北风的
 - Northern

Word: campsite
Front: campsite
[ˈkæmpsaɪt] (11353/17412)
Back: n. 野营地，露营预定地
分布：露营地(100%)
noun countable (Australian camping ground) (US also campground)
■a piece of land where people on holiday can camp , usually with toilets and places for washing 渡假营地；野营地，宿营地
• The campsite is in a beautiful location next to the beach. 渡假营地坐落在海滩旁边一个美丽的地方。
■US
■a place for one tent at a place where people stay in tents 露营帐篷位，帐篷搭建地
• Our tent was so large that they charged us for two campsites. 我们的帐篷太大了，他们向我们收了两个帐篷位的费用。
n. 营地
 - encampment

Word: carolinian

Word: careerist
Front: careerist
[kəˈrɪərɪst] (29181/34324)
Back: n. 妄想发迹的人，一心追求名利地位的人，野心家
分布：野心家(89%)，妄想发迹的人(11%)
US [-'rɪr.ɪst] often disapproving
noun countable
■someone who thinks that their career is more important than anything else, and who will do anything to be successful in it 视事业重于一切的人；一心想飞黄腾达的人；事业狂
n. 野心家；妄想发迹者
 - arriviste

Word: carboniferous

Word: cannibal
Front: cannibal
[ˈkænɪbl] (17643/21515 -1)
Vocabulary: cannibal
(once / 1427 pages)
n
A cannibal is someone who eats human flesh. It’s a good idea not to get too friendly with one, especially if you’re covered in delicious-smelling spices.
The word cannibal comes from the Spanish word caníbalis, which was Christopher Columbus’s version of the word Caribs, the name people from the Caribbean called themselves. They meant Carib as in “brave ones” so something got lost in translation! Most cannibals are fictional — like Queequeg from Moby Dick or Hannibal Lecter from The Silence of the Lambs. This word can apply to animals that eat their own kind: for example, the cannibal shrimp eats other shrimp. Ew.
WORD FAMILY
cannibal: cannibalic, cannibalise, cannibalism, cannibalistic, cannibalize, cannibals+/cannibalise: cannibalising/ cannibalism: cannibalisms/cannibalistic: cannibalistically/cannibalize: cannibalized, cannibalizes, cannibalizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
The court rejected a complaint brought by Mr Dzhugashvili over an article accusing the Soviet leader of being a "bloodthirsty cannibal".
BBC(Dec 22, 2016)
He said blacks were cannibals, barbarians and savages in Africa and it was foolish to think they would be any different in the United States.
Seattle Times(Nov 14, 2016)
Quail are just jerks sometimes, turning into cannibals if they get overheated or are not fed enough protein.
The New Yorker(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. 食人者; 同类相食的动物
adj. 食人者的; 同类相食的; 凶残的
分布：食人者(67%)，吃同类的动物(33%)
→来自Caribbean拼写变体。因早期欧洲殖民者认为加勒比海地区土著居民以人为食，而将该词带入英语。
【源】来自Carib加勒比人(南美洲东北部印第安人)是一个有食人习惯的部族
【记】读：啃你吧－食人者
【参】cannibalism（n 自相残杀，同类相食）
noun countable
■a person who eats human flesh, or an animal which eats the flesh of animals of its own type 食人肉者；同类相食的动物
n. 食人者；吃同类的动物
 - man-eater
adj. 食同类的；吃人肉的；凶残的
 - murderous, lupine

Word: cellist
Front: cellist
[ˈtʃelɪst] (托 20324/34889)
Back: n. 大提琴手
分布：大提琴演奏者(100%)
→来自cello.
noun countable
■a cello player 大提琴手，大提琴演奏家

Word: cavalcade
Front: cavalcade
[ˌkævlˈkeɪd] (宝 27598/24022)
Vocabulary: cavalcade
(once / 2613 pages)
n
If you are traveling with a procession of people on horseback, you are part of a cavalcade.
The word cavalcade comes from the Latin word for horse, caballus. The word cavalry, which means soldiers on horseback, comes from the same Latin root. So strictly speaking, a cavalcade is group of people on horseback or in horse-drawn carriages, moving together in some kind of ceremony or parade. But cavalcades can include vehicles or people walking, like the motorcycle cavalcades that sometimes accompany a funeral procession.
WORD FAMILY
cavalcade: cavalcades
USAGE EXAMPLES
Previous false reports of Castro’s death triggered cavalcades of cheering, flag-waving revellers.
The Guardian(Nov 26, 2016)
In the past, it seems, shoppers have been confused by a cavalcade of coupons or staggered sale starting times.
Washington Post(Nov 10, 2016)
The Richard Tucker Music Foundation, which provides crucial support to young American singers, always promises a cavalcade of stars for its annual gala concert.
New York Times(Oct 31, 2016)
Back: n. 骑马队伍，车队
分布：连续(50%)，系列(50%)
→来自拉丁词caballus, 马。原指马队，现指车队，特指有摩托车开道的车队。
骑兵队(caval马+cade)[-ade表名词1.表示"状态,物品"2.表示"个人或集体"]
noun countable
■a line of people, vehicles, horses, etc. following a particular route as part of a ceremony （参加典礼的）游行队伍，车队，马队
n. 行列，队伍；骑兵队
 - train, cortege

Word: carpetbagger
Front: carpetbagger
[ˈkɑ:pɪtbægə(r)] (30042/-)
Vocabulary: carpetbagger
(once / 20700 pages)
n
An outsider who pretends to be an insider is a carpetbagger; he's a person who tries to take advantage of a group by joining it only for his own personal benefit.
Northerners who moved south during Reconstruction in the 1860s and 70s were the original carpetbaggers, named for their suitcases. It was a derogatory term then, and it continues to be used with contempt today. You can use the noun carpetbagger to describe a politician who is running for Governor in a state where he's only lived for six months.
WORD FAMILY
carpetbagger: carpetbaggers
USAGE EXAMPLES
“This is a carpetbagger coming in to run our City Court and hundreds of thousands of dollars.”
Salon(Nov 25, 2016)
Caforio moved to the district only last year, which prompted critics to label him a carpetbagger.
Washington Times(Nov 09, 2016)
The partisan demographics may help Mr. Hollingsworth, but Ms. Yoder has made it a close race by playing up the carpetbagger theme.
New York Times(Nov 06, 2016)
Back: n. 美国内战后利用南方不定局势谋利的人
分布：美国内战后利用南方不定局势谋利的人(100%)
US ['kɑ:r.pɪtˌbæg.ɚ] noun countable
POLITICS 政治 mainly US disapproving
■someone who tries to become a politician in a place away from their home because they think there is a greater chance of succeeding there 外来投机政客
UK ['kɑ:.pɪtˌbæg.ər] US ['kɑ:r.pɪtˌbæg.ɚ] noun countable
MONEY 钱 UK disapproving
■someone who invests in a financial organization that is owned by its members, in order to make a profit if it is sold 投机商
• Thousands of carpetbaggers have invested in the building society, hoping that it will become a public company. 数以千计的投机商投资该房屋互助协会，希望其能成为一家上市公司。

Word: catheter
Front: catheter
[ˈkæθɪtə(r)] (14857/26510)
Vocabulary: catheter
(once / 15038 pages)
n
A catheter is a thin, flexible tube that's inserted into the body to draw liquids out or keep a pathway open. It’s the kind of thing you’d get in the hospital.
The word catheter is from the Greek kathienai which means, "thrust in or let down." That’s what happens when that small tube goes into your body and lets fluid out. If you have surgery in the belly area, you’ll probably need a catheter to drain the urine until you can go to the bathroom by yourself again. A catheter can also be inserted into other organs, like through a blood vessel and into the heart, to see what's going on.
WORD FAMILY
catheter: catheterise, catheterize, catheters+/catheterise: catheterisation, catheterising, catheterization/catheterization: catheterizations/catheterize: catheterized, catheterizes
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Then there’s the problem of equipment and, periodically, lack of supplies like gloves, catheters, and cleaning tissues.”
The Guardian(Jan 01, 2017)
Cryoablation is performed by attaching a catheter to a nitrous oxide machine.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
He also stopped leaving his home in Lancaster because he’s running dangerously low on catheters he uses with his wheelchair.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: n. 导尿管，尿液管，导管
分布：导管(87%)，导尿管(12%)，尿液管(1%)
→cata-, 向下。-het, 扔，投掷，词源同jet, project.
US [-tˌɚ] specialized
noun countable
■a long, very thin tube used to take liquids out of the body 导（液）管
n. [医] 导管；导尿管；尿液管
 - ductus, connecting tube

Word: chrysanthemum
Front: chrysanthemum
[krɪˈsænθəməm] (宝 21235/22227 -1)
Back: n. 菊花; 菊属
分布：菊花(100%)
→chrys, 金色。-anthem, 花。-um, 中性名词后缀。
菊花(chrys黄色anthem花+um)[anth=flower(花)]
菊花[chtys=golden(金色)]
【记】chrys金黄色，anth花－金黄色的花－菊花
【参】anthology（n 文集）；chrysalis（n 蛹，蚕）
noun countable
■any of several types of garden plant, including some with many small flowers and some with few but very large flowers 菊花
n. 菊花
 - Chrissie, mum

Word: defamatory
Front: defamatory
[dɪˈfæmətri] (30452/28790)
Vocabulary: defamatory
(once / 26802 pages)
adj
Defamatory is a word used to describe statements that are untrue, slanderous, or libelous. Defamatory language often consists of harmful lies.
Defamatory words — that is, words which defame — are words that can cause real damage. If someone said you were a secret unicorn hunter, that would be a silly, not defamatory, lie. If someone said you were a thief or a traitor, and you weren't, that would be defamatory. Public figures, like celebrities and politicians, are especially sensitive to defamatory statements about them.
WORD FAMILY
defame: defamation, defamatory, defamed, defamer, defames, defaming+/ defamation: defamations/defamer: defamers/ fame: defame, fames, famous / famous: famouser, famousest, famously
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mr Dzhugashvili argued that the article blackened his grandfather's reputation and was defamatory.
BBC(Dec 22, 2016)
The First Amendment is a bulwark of democracy but provides no protection for defamatory allegations published in knowing disregard for the truth.
Washington Post(Nov 25, 2016)
In many groups, Trump supporters share news and are often scathing or defamatory towards Hillary Clinton.
BBC(Nov 14, 2016)
Back: adj. 诽谤的，中伤的
分布：诽谤的(100%)
诽谤的(defame诽谤)[-atory 1.表形容词"有…性质的"2.表名词"场所,地点"]
adj. 诽谤的；中伤的；破坏名誉的
 - calumniatory, infamatory

Word: counterblast
Front: counterblast
[ˈkaʊntəblɑ:st] None
Back: n. 反向气流，强硬的抗议，猛烈的反应
分布：猛烈的反对(44%)，强硬的抗议(42%)，反对气流(14%)
US [-tˌɚ.blæst] literary
noun countable
■a forceful reaction to a spoken attack （对言论攻击的）激烈反驳
• The author has since delivered a damning counterblast to her critics. 作者对她的批评者进行了激烈的反驳。
n. 强硬的抗议；反向气流；猛烈的反对
 - backdraft

Word: curitiba

Word: crayon
Front: crayon
[ˈkreɪən] (中高托宝 12296/15597 -1)
Vocabulary: crayon
(once / 4940 pages)
nv
A crayon is a colorful stick of wax made for drawing and coloring. It’s also what you do with it. If a kid asks you to crayon with her, bring some paper and your imagination.
Young artists often start with crayons, since they’re easy to deal with. Harold and the Purple Crayon is a book about a little boy who draws his own adventures with one purple crayon. But crayons come in hundreds of colors. While the history of drawing with colored wax dates back to ancient Egypt, the crayon we know today has been around — along with the word itself — since the 17th century. It comes from the French crayon, "pencil."
WORD FAMILY
crayon: crayoned, crayoning, crayons
USAGE EXAMPLES
Dennis Crayon, whose “That Which Was Once Whole” is at the Art League Gallery, is of the latter group.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
Items collected for patients at Baptist East include coloring books, crayons, stuffed animals and bubbles.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
We prepare food in advance, put away our phones, pack up the crayons, turn off our screens and leave our cars parked in the garage.
New York Times(Dec 23, 2016)
Back: n. 彩色蜡笔或粉笔
vt. & vi. 用彩色蜡笔[粉笔]画
时态：crayoned, crayoning, crayons
分布：蜡笔(78%)，蜡笔画(17%)，以蜡笔作画(5%)
→来自拉丁词creta, 粉笔，石灰，见Cretaceous, 白垩纪。
彩色粉笔(cray,拉丁文粉笔之意)"[-on表名词,指人,物和一些物理学上的名词]
【记】canyon（n 峡谷）：用crayon画canyonc，ray光线，on上：想象一下纸上发出七色光的感觉－彩笔
US [-ɑ:n] noun countable
■a small stick of coloured wax used for drawing or writing 彩色蜡笔
• wax crayons 蜡笔
• children's crayons 儿童蜡笔
UK ['kreɪ.ɒn] US [-ɑ:n] verb intransitive or transitive UK
■to draw something with a crayon 用蜡笔画
• When I left her she was busy crayoning. 我离开时她正忙着用蜡笔画画。
n. [轻] 蜡笔，有色粉笔
 - pastels

Word: convalescence
Front: convalescence
[ˌkɒnvəˈlesns] (30223/22866)
Vocabulary: convalescence
(once / 3890 pages)
n
When someone has been severely hurt or very ill, they must go through a period of convalescence during which they rest and recuperate in order to regain their strength and health. Convalescence varies depending on the severity of the problem.
The Latin convalēscere means "to regain health." The actual period of convalescence is from when you first get sick until your complete recovery. Convalescence for an illness is often accompanied by various medicines, the most effective of which often include TLC and hot chicken soup. Playwright George Bernard Shaw once quipped, "I enjoy convalescence. It is the part that makes the illness worth while."
WORD FAMILY
convalescence: convalescences+/ convalesce: convalesced, convalescent, convalesces, convalescing/ convalescent: convalescence, convalescently, convalescents
USAGE EXAMPLES
During a years-long convalescence, he lost so much strength in his hands that a concert career was no longer possible.
Washington Post(Nov 16, 2016)
The sprawling site, on the plains of rural Cambridgeshire, began life a century ago as a convalescence and treatment centre for people with tuberculosis.
BBC(Nov 17, 2016)
Particularly after the surreal section in Berlin and his gruesome ordeal in the hospital, Bruno’s convalescence in Berkeley, Calif., grows tedious.
Washington Post(Oct 10, 2016)
Back: n. 渐愈，恢复期
分布：康复(50%)，恢复期(46%)，快愈期(4%)
恢复健康(con全部+val+cscence→身体全部强壮起来→恢复健康)[vail,val=strong,表示"强壮"]
US [ˌkɑ:n-] noun [S or U]
■a period in which you convalesce 休养期；康复期，恢复期
n. [医] 恢复期，康复期；逐渐康复
 - recovery phase, decubation

Word: defile
Front: defile
[dɪˈfaɪl] (托雅宝 22173/22172)
Vocabulary: defile
(once / 732 pages)
1v 2v 3n
When you defile something, you make it dirty or make it lose its purity. Think of fresh new snow covered in cigarette butts. The butts defile the winter wonderland.
For something to be defiled, it first must be pure. You can't defile a garbage dump or a messy room. Defile is often used in a religious context. If you were to burn a copy of the Bible or spray-paint the walls of a church, it could be said that you defiled the holy book or place.
WORD FAMILY
defile: defiled, defilement, defiler, defiles, defiling+/defiled: undefiled/defilement: defilements/defiler: defilers
USAGE EXAMPLES
Salaam was Muslim, and Islam prohibits bodies from being defiled after death.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Salaam was Muslim and Islam prohibits bodies from being defiled after death.
Washington Times(Dec 29, 2016)
He said Saturday that Castro “defiled democracy, oppressed innocent people, and imprisoned a nation with his totalitarian tactics.”
Washington Times(Nov 26, 2016)
Back: vt. 玷污; 污染; 弄脏; 纵列行进
n. 峡谷，隘路
时态：defiled, defiling, defiles
分布：玷污(49%)，污损(16%)，弄脏(16%)，以纵队前进(7%)，狭谷(7%)，败坏(5%)
→de-, 向下。-fil, 踩，践踏，词源同foil, full(漂洗，洗衣)。引申词义玷污。defile 山中狭径
【记】de表示一种卑劣的行为，file＝vile卑鄙的－弄污de地，file文件：文件掉地上了－弄污
verb transitive formal
■to spoil the beauty, importance, purity, etc. of something or someone 玷污，亵渎，糟蹋
• It's a shame that such a beautiful area has been defiled by a rubbish dump. 这么美的地方竟然被一堆垃圾给糟蹋了，真是太可惜了。
• The soldiers deliberately defiled all the holy places. 士兵们故意亵渎各处神圣的场所。
[dɪ'faɪl] noun countable literary
■a very narrow valley between two mountains （山中）狭径
vt. 污损，弄脏；染污
 - soil, mud, spot, dirty
n. 狭谷；隘路
 - narrow, cajon

Word: depressant
Front: depressant
[dɪˈpresnt] (宝 36007/-)
Back: adj. 有镇静作用的
n. 镇静剂
分布：镇静剂(80%)，有镇静作用的(20%)
→来自depress, 向下压，抑制。
noun countable
■a substance which causes you to feel unhappy and without hope 抑制剂，抑郁剂
• Alcohol is a depressant. 酒精能使人消沉。
n. 镇静剂， [药] [医] [矿业] 抑制剂
 - inhibitor, tranquillizer
adj. 有镇静作用的
 - balsamic, contrastimulant

Word: defibrillator
Front: defibrillator
[di:ˈfɪbrɪleɪtə(r)] (18515/47870)
Back: n. （电击）除颤器
分布：电震发生器(100%)
→de-, 不，非，使相反。fibrillate, 颤抖。即使心脏不再颤抖，除颤。
US [-tˌɚ] specialized
noun countable
■a machine used especially in hospitals, which uses an electric current to stop any irregular (= not regular or normal) and dangerous activity of the heart's muscles （心脏）电击器
• Defibrillators are used to restore normal rhythm to the heart. 心脏电击器可用于恢复正常心律。

Word: defrost
Front: defrost
[ˌdi:ˈfrɒst] (托 22980/23978)
Vocabulary: defrost
(once / 84424 pages)
v
To defrost something is to thaw it, or bring it from a state of being frozen to room temperature. You can defrost frozen shrimp by running them under cool water for several minutes.
You have to defrost frozen food before you can eat it, and often before you can properly cook it. You might also need to defrost your icy windshield in the winter before you can drive your car. The word defrost comes from the Old English forst — before the 15th century, the words forst and frost were used interchangeably. When it's combined with de-, "off, away, or undo," it means "free of ice or frost."
WORD FAMILY
defrost: defrosted, defroster, defrosting, defrosts+/defroster: defrosters/ frost: defrost, frosted, frosting, frosts, frosty /frosted: unfrosted/frosting: frostings/ frosty: frostier, frostiest, frostily, frostiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
If it’s frozen, allow it to defrost a little.
The Guardian(Dec 30, 2016)
No need to defrost the dough before cutting and baking.
Washington Post(Dec 02, 2016)
If you are using frozen gyoza wrappers, make sure they are defrosted before you use them: it’ll take 30 minutes.
The Guardian(Nov 28, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. （给…）化霜， （使）解冻
时态：defrosted, defrosting, defrosts
分布：解冻(73%)，除霜(27%)
→de-, 不，非，使相反。frost, 结霜，受冻。
US [-'frɑ:st] verb intransitive or transitive
■to (cause to) become free of ice, or to (cause to) become no longer frozen 将...除霜；溶化；（使）解冻
• When you get a build-up of ice in your freezer, you know it's time to defrost it. 冷冻柜出现积冰就该除霜了。
• Defrost the chicken thoroughly before cooking. 鸡肉在煮食前要彻底解冻。
• Leave the chicken to defrost. 让鸡肉自行解冻。
vi. 解冻
 - thaw out

Word: delirious
Front: delirious
[dɪˈlɪriəs] (宝 18142/19863 -1)
Vocabulary: delirious
(once / 1839 pages)
adj
If you're delirious you're uncontrollably excited or a bit crazy, like when you win the lottery and run screaming through the streets, delirious with happiness.
While we sometimes like to say, metaphorically, that strong emotions make us delirious, this adjective has more grim origins, in the Latin word for delirium or "madness" — in the medical sense, that is. When you're delirious from a high fever or a serious bump to the head, you might become incoherent, hallucinate, or have disturbing dreams. The story of The Wizard of Oz is based on the delirious dream Dorothy has after she bumps her head during a tornado.
WORD FAMILY
delirious: deliriously+/ delirium: delirious, deliriums
USAGE EXAMPLES
Experiencing Ludlam in his Off Off Broadway camp epic “Eunuchs of the Forbidden City” was like being hit by a delirious tidal wave.
New York Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Mixed materials of plaster, sand, crayon and paint — a delirious experiment — connect it to Rivera’s still life.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 09, 2016)
The animated “Sing” is a delirious jukebox spinning more than 60 pop favorites.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 精神混乱的; 非常激动的; 极兴奋的，发狂的; 神不守舍
分布：发狂的(33%)，精神错乱的(25%)，极度兴奋的(21%)，神志昏迷的(14%)，非常激动的(7%)
→de-, 向下，偏离。-lir, 沟，垄，词源同learn, last. 原指犁地犁偏的，引申义精神错乱。
神志失常的,妄想的[delir=mad(疯)]
adjective
■unable to think or speak clearly because of fever or mental confusion 胡说的，语无伦次的；神志不清的
• She had a high temperature and was delirious. 她发高烧，处于神智不清的状态。
■extremely happy or excited 狂喜的；极度兴奋的
• The Greek football team arrived home to a delirious reception in Athens. 希腊球队回到祖国，在雅典受到了热烈的欢迎。
adj. 发狂的；神志昏迷的；精神错乱的
 - nuts, distraught

Word: diffraction
Front: diffraction
[dɪ'frækʃn] (19953/26949)
Vocabulary: diffraction
(once / 41472 pages)
n
Diffraction is the process of light bending around an obstacle or spreading out after it moves through a small space. If you study physics, you'll learn about the diffraction of light waves.
Any kind of wave can experience diffraction, including sound, radio, and water. It's most common to hear about the diffraction of light, which can be seen in the reflection of an image through a pinhole camera or the bright ring of light around the sun or the moon. The root of diffraction is the Latin word diffringere, "break into pieces," from dis, "apart," and frangere, "to break."
WORD FAMILY
diffraction: diffractions+/diffract: diffracted, diffracting, diffraction
USAGE EXAMPLES
The bird's wing acts as a diffraction grating - a surface structure with a repeating pattern of ridges or slits.
BBC(Nov 28, 2016)
These systems should use imaging methods8 based on diffraction signals.
Nature(Nov 21, 2016)
The researchers took a sample of the substance and analyzed it using X-ray diffraction.
The Guardian(Aug 31, 2016)
Back: n. 衍射，宽龟裂状的
分布：绕射(100%)
[dɪ'fræk.ʃən] specialized
noun uncountable
■(a pattern caused by) a change in the direction of light, water or sound waves 衍射

Word: disconnection
Front: disconnection
[,diskə'nekʃən] (23515/23722)
Vocabulary: disconnection
(once / 39663 pages)
n
When you're detached or have lost your link to something (or someone), that's disconnection. If you live in Alaska and your family lives in Florida, you may feel a sense of disconnection.
There's emotional disconnection, when you're separated from people you care about, and there's also the disconnection that occurs when a cord is unplugged or a source of energy or information is broken. This kind of disconnection happens when you lose your internet connection or your game console isn't plugged into the TV. Disconnection adds the "not" prefix dis- to connection, which comes from the Latin connexionem, "a joining together."
WORD FAMILY
disconnection: disconnections+/ connect: connected, connecter, connecting, connection, connective, connector, connects, connexion, disconnect, interconnect/connected: connectedly, connectedness, unconnected / connection: connections/ connective: connectively, connectives, connectivity/connector: connectors/connexion: connexions/ disconnect: disconnected, disconnecting, disconnection, disconnects/disconnected: disconnectedly, disconnectedness/disconnectedness: disconnectednesses/interconnect: interconnected, interconnecting, interconnection, interconnects/interconnected: interconnectedness/interconnection: interconnections/ unconnected: unconnectedly, unconnectedness
USAGE EXAMPLES
They were able to conclude brainstem disconnection syndrome was genetic.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
But Sean Baker’s electrifying low-budget feature, shot entirely on iPhones, turns Christmas into a poignant marker of their disconnection from family and society at large.
The Guardian(Dec 14, 2016)
Remini notes that the church’s biggest weapon is “disconnection,” when you have to cut off contact with someone who is critical of the church.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
Back: n. 断开
分布：断开(78%)，切断(22%)
n. [电] 断开；分离，切断
 - separation, switching out

Word: destocking

Word: digression
Front: digression
[daɪ'ɡreʃn] (托宝 21375/20770)
Vocabulary: digression
(once / 2922 pages)
n
When your essay about French cooking starts describing a childhood trip to Disneyland, it's taken a digression — it's strayed from the main topic.
"But I digress" is a phrase often used by people when they realize they're no longer "on-topic." A digression is like a tangent, only digression often describes speech patterns, whereas tangent comes to us from mathematics. Another trick to remembering the meaning of digression is its relationship to the word progression. A progression is a series of ideas which proceeds in the same direction; a digression, logically enough, is an idea that goes off in another direction.
WORD FAMILY
digression: digressions+/ digress: digressed, digresses, digressing, digression, digressive/digressive: digressively
USAGE EXAMPLES
Cyclogeography is an enjoyable account of a hair-raising life as a London cycle courier interspersed with two-wheeled philosophical digressions.
The Guardian(Dec 31, 2016)
I used the word eccentric before to describe his storytelling style, and it includes delightful digressions into his own life experiences.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
It’s a good plot, but readers will also enjoy Finch’s digressions on life in mid-19th-century England.
Washington Post(Dec 18, 2016)
Back: n. 离题，岔开
分布：离题(63%)，脱轨(37%)
离题,枝节话(digress+ion)[gress=go,walk表示"行走"]
n. 离题；脱轨
 - off the point, irrelevance

Word: doublespeak
Front: doublespeak
[ˈdʌblspi:k] (36908/- -1)
Back: n. 胡扯; 欺人之谈; 故弄玄虚的言词
分布：名词(100%)
→即两种说法都可以说通，模棱两可的话。

Word: exorcise
Front: exorcise
['eksɔ:saɪz] (宝 -/20350)
Vocabulary: exorcise
(once / 5277 pages)
v
To exorcise is to cast out a devil or evil spirit, using prayer and other religious tools. You're probably familiar with the name of the person who does this: an exorcist. Don't try to exorcise a demon yourself. Call an exorcist.
One way to remember the word exorcise is that it sounds like "exercise," which means to work out or train your body or mind. Casting out devils is hard work, so be sure to exercise before you exorcise. A boxer doesn't box without exercising first. And an exorcist doesn't exorcise without getting ready first either. The devil is a tough opponent, so you'd better get warmed up before you try to exorcise him from that little girl.
CHOOSE YOUR WORDS
exercise / exorcise
While both words can refer to ways to get rid of something — belly fat, Satan — that's where the similarities end. Exercise is physical activity but to exorcise is to cast out evil.
Exercise usually refers to working out:
Mrs. Obama has said she wants to help today's youngsters become adults at a healthy weight by eating better and getting more exercise.
Many studies have linked exercise with improved brain health later in life.
It also means to use something, like restraint, or you might even have warm-up exercises in music class.
On the other hand, if you went to see The Exorcist and expected a sports flick, you were in for a big surprise. You'll have to trade in your sneakers for some holy water if you are going to exorcise, orcast out the devil, like in these examples:
Any lingering Hampden Park ghosts were exorcised by within 34 ruthless minutes.
Mr. and Mrs. Metzler, who are devout Catholics, had Father Brown come to the house to exorcise the spirits that were tormenting them.
Although exorcise usually refers to a religious ritual to get rid of actual demons, people often use it to refer to emotions they'd like to purge:
In his view, acting has lent Ms. Schnabel "a vehicle to both exercise, and exorcise, these kinds of complicated demons."
In a way, she figured, she'd get two things done at once — advocate for kids and exorcise her own demons.
The "o" in exorcise is like the "o" in the oath when you vow to rid someone of evil. Don't get the two words mixed up, most demons don't respond to jazzercise.
WORD FAMILY
exorcise: exorcised, exorciser, exorcises, exorcising+/exorciser: exorcisers/ exorcism: exorcise, exorcisms, exorcist, exorcize/exorcist: exorcists/exorcize: exorcized, exorcizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
The evil to be exorcised by all these legal dictates is human authority.
Washington Post(Dec 13, 2016)
Suddenly, it is China that is exorcising its ghosts, while America finds it has a few of its own, after all.
Economist(Dec 01, 2016)
Baldassari says some of Gentileschi’s scenes, depicting women beheading or stabbing men, perhaps served to “exorcise” the harm she suffered when raped.
Washington Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: vt. （用祈祷等）驱除（恶魔），给（某人、某地）驱除妖魔
v. （用祈祷等）驱除（恶魔），给（某人、某地）驱除妖魔( exorcize的现在分词 )
时态：exorcised, exorcising, exorcises
分布：驱邪(54%)，驱赶(46%)
【记】ex出，sorc巫术－使出巫术－驱魔orc＝orca（n 魔鬼；兽人）ex出，or或者，cise切：屋里闹鬼，要不出去，要不就把他切了－驱魔
【参】sorcery（n 巫术；魔术）；sorcerer（n 男巫师）；exorcism（n 驱鬼；咒语）

Word: egotism
Front: egotism
['eɡətɪzəm] (27283/33329)
Vocabulary: egotism
(once / 1248 pages)
n
If you think that there's nothing better than being you, then you're full of egotism, a word for an inflated sense of self-importance.
Most people believe it's good to have positive feelings about yourself and healthy self-esteem. But some people feel a little too good about themselves, and that's called egotism. People suffering from egotism think the world revolves around them. They're arrogant, cocky, overconfident, selfish, and generally think they're better than other people. And having an ego of that size is generally not a good thing.
WORD FAMILY
egotism: egotisms, egotist, egotistic +/ ego: egoism, egos, egotism, superego / egoism: egoisms, egoist, egoistic /egoist: egoists/ egoistic: egoistical, egoistically/ egotist: egotistical, egotists/ egotistic: egotistically/ superego: superegos
USAGE EXAMPLES
It was equal parts recollection, digression, inadvertent humor, egotism, and poignancy.
Slate(Dec 08, 2016)
“Altruism and egotism are the same thing,” she says.
The Guardian(Dec 05, 2016)
Theirs is an egoless egotism that, by dint of the generosity with which it is offered up, yields audiences the promise of transcended, liberated self.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: n. 自我中心，自尊自大
分布：自我中心(54%)，自大(46%)
US [-goʊ-] (also egoism) disapproving
noun uncountable
■thinking only about yourself and considering yourself better and more important than other people 自我主义；自大；自负
• Finding herself world-famous by the time she was eighteen only encouraged the actress's egotism. 年仅18岁就闻名世界只是让这位女演员变得更加自负。
n. 自负；自我中心
 - ego, conceitedness

Word: excellency

Word: empiricism
Front: empiricism
[ɪmˈpɪrɪsɪzəm] (宝 24305/24449)
Vocabulary: empiricism
(once / 11532 pages)
n
Empiricism means a method of study relying on empirical evidence, which includes things you've experienced: stuff you can see and touch.
Empiricism is based on facts, evidence, and research. Scholars and researchers deal in empiricism. If you believe in the Easter Bunny, the Tooth Fairy, or Santa Claus, you're out of the realm of empiricism — there are no facts to support those myths. If you want to get something practical done, or to really know what the deal is with something, empiricism is the way to go.
WORD FAMILY
empiricism: empiricisms, empiricist+/ empirical: empirically, empiricism, semiempirical/empiricist: empiricists
USAGE EXAMPLES
The election was a victory for gut instinct over empiricism, for cynicism over reason.
New York Times(Dec 06, 2016)
We also hope to use the VoteCastr model to bring some empiricism to all the anecdotes that pop up in the news on Election Day.
Slate(Nov 05, 2016)
The origins of no other nation are as wholly dependent on the empiricism of the Enlightenment, as answerable to evidence.
The New Yorker(Mar 21, 2016)
Back: n. <哲>实证论，经验主义，经验论
分布：经验主义(74%)，经验论(26%)
→来自empirical, 经验主义。-ism, 主义，思想，观点。
经验主义(empiric经验主义者+ism)[per=try,表示"尝试"]
经验主义(empirical经验的)[-ism名词1.表示"主义,宗教"2.表示"学术,流派"3.表示"行为,现象,状态"4.表示"疾病"5.表示"具备某种牲质"]
noun uncountable
■the belief in using empirical methods 经验主义，经验论
n. 经验主义；经验论
 - experimentalism

Word: excrete
Front: excrete
[ɪkˈskri:t] (六宝 20479/22652 -1)
Back: vt. 排除; 排泄; 分泌; 排出
时态：excreted, excreting, excretes
分布：排泄(51%)，分泌(49%)
→ex-, 向外。-cre, 分开，词源同crime, crisis,discriminate. 委婉语，即从人体排出之物。
【记】ex出，crete＝create创造－创造出废物－排泄
【参】secrete（vt 隐秘；分泌）se色，crete创造：创造出有颜色的分泌物。
【反】ingest（vt 摄取；咽下；吸收）；absorb（vt 吸收；吸引）
[ɪk'skri:t] formal
verb intransitive or transitive
■to get rid of material such as solid waste or urine from the body 排泄
• Most toxins are naturally excreted from the body. 大部分毒素被自然排出体外。
vt. 排泄；分泌
 - egest, secrete

Word: firebomb
Front: firebomb
[ˈfaɪəbɒm] (29186/28557)
Back: n. 火焰炸弹（燃烧弹和凝固汽油弹的总称）
vt. 用燃烧弹进攻
时态：firebombed, firebombing, firebombs
分布：燃烧弹(89%)，投燃烧弹(11%)
US ['faɪr.bɑ:m] noun countable
■a bomb that causes destruction by starting a fire rather than exploding 火焰炸弹，燃烧弹
• Rioters armed with firebombs set light to police barricades. 持燃烧弹的暴徒放火点燃了警方设置的路障。

Word: expeditiously
Front: expeditiously
[ˌekspə'dɪʃəslɪ] (24755/35066)
Vocabulary: expeditiously
(once / 10296 pages)
adv
If you do something expeditiously, you do it with speed and great efficiency. You might work expeditiously to finish your chores so you can go out with your friends.
The adverb expeditiously can describe something you do quickly and efficiently, but the word has a formal sound to it that makes whatever you’re doing sound fancy. You might do the dishes quickly just to get it over with — but tell your mom you did them expeditiously and she’ll be more impressed. You’ll often hear the word used in formal contexts. A police spokesperson might talk about an investigation that will be handled expeditiously.
WORD FAMILY
expeditious: expeditiously, expeditiousness+/ expedition: expeditionary, expeditions, expeditious
USAGE EXAMPLES
The 1906 law was intended to let Presidents act expeditiously to protect national treasures from desecration.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 30, 2016)
“The best way to complete that work responsibly and expeditiously is to explore alternate routes for the pipeline crossing.”
The Guardian(Dec 04, 2016)
The move comes after a panel of New Jersey judges ordered the board in 2014 to “expeditiously set conditions” for Acoli’s release.
The Guardian(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: adv. 迅速地，敏捷地
分布：迅速地(67%)，敏捷地(33%)
adv. 迅速地；敏捷地
 - quickly, rapidly, fast, promptly, ready

Word: fil

Word: extensible
Front: extensible
[ɪk'stensəbl] (37875/44910)
Back: adj. 可展开的，可扩张的，可延长的
分布：可扩张的(60%)，可延伸的(40%)
adj. 可延长的； [数] 可扩张的
 - expansile, distensible

Word: fishmeal
Front: fishmeal
['fɪʃmi:l] (41386/-)
Back: n. 鱼粉
分布：鱼粉(100%)

Word: flack
Front: flack
[flæk] (23029/45270)
Vocabulary: flack
(once / 12601 pages)
1n 2n 3n
Flack is a military defense, a special gun that shoots into the sky, defending against air attacks. During many battles in World War II, the sound of flack filled the air.
Anti-aircraft guns are flack. also spelled flak. This military definition gave rise to another meaning of flack, criticism that's so fierce that it feels like an attack: "Politicians have to be strong enough to take a lot of flack from their critics." You can also use the word to mean a promoter or salesman, especially one who is especially savvy or smooth-talking. The German root is Fliegerabwehrkanone, "aviator-defense gun."
WORD FAMILY
flack: flacks
USAGE EXAMPLES
Portland led by as many as 14 points in the second half but Flack narrowed the gap to 78-77 with 2:25 left.
Washington Times(Dec 16, 2016)
Tyler Flack added 12 points and 11 rebounds for his third double-double of the season.
Washington Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Cristiano Ronaldo has faced his fair share of flack, having failed to score in seven of his last 10 appearances.
The Guardian(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: n. 高射炮; 对空炮火; <美俚>（剧团、公司等的）宣传员; 广告
分布：高射炮(75%)，新闻宣传员(25%)
→据说是来自1946年一位电影经纪人Gene Flack，或来自高射炮的比喻义。高射炮义来自flak的拼写变体。
noun
uncountable
■ flak
■countable US informal
■a person chosen by a group or organization which is in a difficult situation to speak officially for them to the public and answer questions and criticisms （处境不利的团体或组织的）媒体发言人
n. 宣传；广告；高射炮；宣传员
 - advertisement, propaganda, bill, dissemination

Word: frond
Front: frond
[frɒnd] (宝 15768/21289)
Vocabulary: frond
(once / 5230 pages)
n
A compound leaf — that is, a leaf with many fine and deep divisions — is a frond, such as on ferns and palm trees.
Although commonly referring to the leafy part of a fern or palm, the noun frond can also refer to anything that has a similar shape to a palm frond or fern frond. If your bedhead is really bad, people may joke about your combing your fronds. In parts of the United States and Canada, you may eat the fronds of fiddlehead ferns, which are cooked and served as a vegetable.
WORD FAMILY
frond: fronds
USAGE EXAMPLES
Evenly sprinkle the chives over each serving, and garnish each plate with one fennel frond.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 23, 2016)
She began tucking Dad’s razor blades into the fronds of the Christmas wreath.
The New Yorker(Dec 22, 2016)
Meanwhile, chop the dill fronds and mince the garlic, placing them both in a medium bowl.
Washington Post(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 蕨类或棕榈类植物的叶子
分布：叶状体(45%)，藻体(33%)，蕨叶(22%)
→词源同front, 前面的，向前的。用来指蕨叶。
【记】frond是长在fern front（n 前面）的
US [frɑ:nd] noun countable specialized
■a long thin leaf of a plant 窄长的叶子
• Ferns and palms have fronds. 蕨类植物和棕榈树都长有窄长的叶子。
n. （蕨类等的） [植] 叶，复叶；叶状体
 - lobe, lobus

Word: flue
Front: flue
[flu:] (22883/16472)
Back: n. 烟道
分布：烟道(90%)，暖气管(10%)
→可能来自古英语flowan, 流动，词源同flow. 后用于指烟囱的烟道。
noun countable
■a pipe which leads from a fire or heater to the outside of a building, taking smoke, gases or hot air away （建筑物的）烟道
n. [建] 烟道；暖气管；蓬松的东西；钩爪；渔网（等于flew）
 - heating pipe, fleeciness

Word: frenchwoman

Word: frau

Word: fug
Front: fug
[fʌg] (-/37129)
Back: n. 室内的闷浊空气
v. 呆在闷室中，使闷塞
分布：呆在闷热的室内(34%)，室内的闷热空气(33%)，使室内空气闷浊(33%)
→词源不详。
noun only singular
■a condition which can exist in a small, crowded place when the air is not pure, especially because of smoke or heat 室内的闷热空气；烟雾腾腾
• We smiled at each other through a grey fug of cigarette smoke. 我们透过蒙蒙的香烟烟雾相视而笑。

Word: flightless
Front: flightless
[ˈflaɪtləs] (29797/35765)
Back: adj. （鸟或昆虫）不能飞的
分布：不会飞的(85%)，不能飞行的(15%)
adjective
■not able to fly 不能飞的
• The ostrich is a flightless bird. 鸵鸟是不会飞的鸟。
adj. （鸟等）不能飞的
 - nonflying

Word: garter
Front: garter
[ˈgɑ:tə(r)] (20006/16480)
Back: n. 吊袜带
v. 吊袜带吊住
时态：gartered, gartering, garters
分布：吊袜带(81%)，用吊带系紧(13%)，嘉德勋位的成员.(6%)
→来自古法语garet, 膝盖，腿。原指系长统袜的带子，现指吊袜带。Order of the Garter, 嘉德勋章，英国最古老的骑士勋章，据说来自英王爱德华三世在一次舞会上，其舞伴不小心袜带掉下来，引起其它人的偷笑，爱德华捡起这根吊袜带系在自己的腿上，并说了一名“心怀邪念者蒙羞”。比较中国成语楚王绝缨。
US ['gɑ:r.tˌɚ] noun
countable
■a piece of elastic (= material that stretches) used, especially in the past, for holding up a stocking or sock （尤指旧时使用的）吊袜带
garters [plural] US for * suspenders

Word: gassy
Front: gassy
[ˈgæsi] (33139/49910)
Back: adj. 气体的; 气状的; 含气的; <口>夸夸其谈的
分布：气体的(38%)，气状的(37%)，含气的(25%)
adjective
■fizzy; containing a lot of gas (= substance like air) 起泡沫的；充满气体的，含有气体的
adj. 气体的；含气的；气状的；夸夸其谈的
 - gaseous

Word: futurism
Front: futurism
[ˈfju:tʃərɪzəm] (29021/44203)
Back: n. 未来主义
分布：名词(100%)
→来自future, 未来。
US [-tʃɚ-] noun uncountable
■a new way of thinking in the arts that started in the 1920s and 1930s which attempted to express through a range of art forms the characteristics and images of the modern age, such as machines, speed, movement and power 未来主义（开始于20世纪20年代至30年代的一种思潮，试图用一系列艺术形式来表现现代社会的特征与形象）

Word: geezer
Front: geezer
[ˈgi:zə(r)] (22336/22316 -1)
Vocabulary: geezer
(once / 31773 pages)
n
A geezer is an old person. It might hurt your grandfather's feelings if you refer to him as a geezer, since he thinks of himself as being youthful.
Use the word geezer when you need an informal, slightly rude word for "wacky old man." If you're in the UK, you can call any man, whatever age he is, a geezer, but in the US it's specifically an old guy. The root of geezer is the now-obsolete Cockney word guiser, which means "mummer," or "masked mime or actor.
WORD FAMILY
geezer: geezerhood, geezers
USAGE EXAMPLES
After all, Broadway and Hollywood, they always need old geezers, don’t they?
Los Angeles Times(Nov 25, 2016)
“It was very, very embarrassing to watch. We were like: ‘What’s this geezer doing?
The Guardian(Nov 22, 2016)
I'm not surprised you had to go all the way to China to find an old geezer who's NOT an old geezer.
New York Times(Nov 03, 2016)
Back: n. 古怪的人，老头
分布：古怪的老头(100%)
→词源不确定，可能来自guiser的方言发音。原指舞台化妆的戏剧演员，来自guise.
US [-zɚ] UK informal
noun countable
■a man, often old or unusual in some way 男人，家伙；（常指）怪老头，老家伙
• a funny old geezer 一个滑稽的怪老头
• She got talking to some geezer in the pub. 她在酒馆里开始跟一个老家伙聊了起来。
n. 古怪的人；老头儿
 - fantastic, weirdo

Word: gander
Front: gander
[ˈgændə(r)] (宝 26778/37128)
Vocabulary: gander
(once / 5672 pages)
1n 2n
A gander is a male goose, and also an insult meaning "simpleton," a bit like calling someone "a silly goose."
Besides being the proper name for a male goose and a slang word for silly man, the word gander also shows up in the idiom "take a gander." The slang sense of gander comes from the meaning recorded in 1886, to take a long look by craning one's neck like a goose, or wander foolishly (again, like a goose).
WORD FAMILY
gander: ganders
USAGE EXAMPLES
What’s good for the goose is good for the gander.
The New Yorker(Dec 16, 2016)
“Just go to Gander and load up on camo.”
Washington Post(Nov 16, 2016)
For the leftists/globalists sauce for the goose is never sauce for the gander.
New York Times(Nov 08, 2016)
Back: n. 雄鹅; 看一看，瞧一眼
分布：雄鹅(62%)，一瞥(38%)
→来自ghans, 鹅，拟声词，词源同goose.
【记】g割，ander＝under：割下面－要求是雄鹅－被割了下面的鹅是笨鹅
US [-dɚ] noun
BIRD 鸟
countable
■a male goose 雄鹅
UK ['gæn.dər] US [-dɚ] noun
LOOK 看
have/take a gander informal
■to have a quick look （快速）看一看，看一眼
• Let's take a gander at your new car, then. 好，那让我们看一眼你的新车吧。
n. 雄鹅；呆子；一瞥
 - nerd, booby
vi. 闲逛
 - lig, knock around, strome, poke around

Word: gigahertz
Front: gigahertz
[ˈgɪgəhɜ:ts] (33022/-)
Back: n. 千兆赫
分布：千兆赫(100%)

Word: generality
Front: generality
[ˌdʒenəˈræləti] (宝 17375/12232)
Vocabulary: generality
(once / 2104 pages)
n
If your mom says, "What have you been up to?" and you reply, "Ah, stuff," you have used a generality. It's the opposite of being specific, of saying, "Well, I shop lifted and picked my nose."
Politicians speak in generalities––they want to cut the deficit and keep taxes low, but they don't want to tell you exactly how they will do that. Generalities can also refer to conclusions we draw about the world: If you say people at baseball games like to eat hot dogs, you've used a generality. Maybe people at baseball games eat hot dogs because there's nothing else to buy.
WORD FAMILY
generality: generalities+/ general: generalcy, generaled, generalise, generality, generalize, generalled, generalling, generally, generals, generalship/generalcy: generalcies/generalisation: generalisations/generalise: generalisation, generalised, generalises, generalising, overgeneralise/ generalization: generalizations/ generalize: generalization, generalized, generalizes, generalizing, overgeneralize/generalship: generalships/overgeneralize: overgeneralized, overgeneralizing
USAGE EXAMPLES
The nominee will answer with generalities and evasions.
The New Yorker(Nov 13, 2016)
But some generalities are likely to hold true.
Washington Post(Nov 12, 2016)
Can he turn those generalities into specific actions?
Washington Times(Nov 11, 2016)
Back: n. 概括性的话; 一般性; 大多数
分布：一般性(65%)，概论(21%)，大部分(14%)
【参】generalize（vt 归纳概括；推广普及）
US [-ə.tˌi] noun countable usually plural uncountable
NO DETAILS 概括
■when what someone says contains no details, and often very little meaning, or a comment of this type 概括的表述；笼统的谈论；泛泛之谈
• We need to get away from generalities and focus on the issues. 我们不要再泛泛空谈，要把注意力放在议题上面。
UK [ˌdʒen.ə'ræl.ɪ.ti] US [-ə.tˌi] noun countable usually plural uncountable
MOST 多数的
the generality
only singular formal
■most 大多数的；多半的
• For the generality of young people, university is not an option. 对于大多数的年轻人来说，上大学不是一条可以选择的道路。
n. 概论；普遍性；大部分
 - most of, bulk, majority of

Word: geostrategic
Front: geostrategic
['dʒi:əʊstræ'ti:dʒɪk] (28425/-)
Back: adj. 地缘政治学的
分布：地缘政治学的(100%)

Word: simulacrum
Front: simulacrum
[ˌsɪmjuˈleɪkrəm] (25529/43430)
Vocabulary: simulacrum
(once / 20809 pages)
n
A simulacrum is a fake version of something real. A wax museum is full of simulacrums of famous people.
Simulacrum comes from the Latin word simulare meaning "to make like" and is related to words like simulate (to imitate) and similarity. A simulacrum might look like a person, but it's usually a sculpture. Also, a simulacrum can be a representation that's not very good. If you say, "This video game is only a simulacrum of playing football!" that means it does a poor job of copying the game.
WORD FAMILY
simulacrum: simulacra, simulacrums
USAGE EXAMPLES
GRiZ produces a kind of electronic funk simulacrum that’s popular enough that he’s playing this show after flying in from another one in Asheville, N.C.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Sure, J. J. Abrams’s movie offered merely effectively packaged simulacra of such values — but at least he tried.
Seattle Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Sure, J. J. Abrams’s movie offered merely effectively packaged simulacra of such values—but at least he tried.
The New Yorker(Dec 13, 2016)
Back: n. 像; 影; 幻影; 模拟物
分布：假象(60%)，模拟物(40%)
→来自拉丁语 simulacrum,相似，类似，模仿，肖像，-crum,工具格后缀，来自 simulare,模仿， 使相似，词源同 same,simulate.引申词义模拟物，假象，幻象等。
[ˌsɪm.jʊ'leɪ.krəm] (plural simulacrums or simulacra) formal
noun countable
■something that looks like or represents something else 相似物，相似的东西
n. 像；幻影；影
 - imagery, apparition

Word: shea
Front: shea
[ʃi:] (-/38020)
Back: n. 非洲酪脂树

Word: shelly
Front: shelly
['ʃelɪ] (-/42485)
Back: adj. 壳的; 有壳的; 多壳的; 壳一般的
分布：多壳的(60%)，贝壳一般的(20%)，由贝壳做成的(20%)
adj. 多壳的；有壳的，壳一般的
 - crusty

Word: slingshot
Front: slingshot
[ˈslɪŋʃɒt] (21215/-)
Back: n. 弹弓
分布：弹弓(100%)
→sling,扔，投掷，shot,射。引申词义弹弓。
US [-ʃɑ:t] noun countable US for catapult
n. 弹弓
 - catapult

Word: spry
Front: spry
[spraɪ] (28741/43428)
Vocabulary: spry
(once / 5240 pages)
adj
If you are an old lady, remaining spry is something you aspire to. It means "nimble." You might also use it to describe a goat that jumps easily along from mountain crag to mountain crag.
The most common use of spry is to describe people who are aging. You might say that at 92, your great grandmother is still spry and sharp as a tack. Spry refers to her physical well-being; "sharp as a tack" to her mental faculties.
WORD FAMILY
spry: sprier, spriest, sprily, spryer, spryest, spryly
USAGE EXAMPLES
But most encouragingly, Wilson appeared spry and nimble.
Seattle Times(Nov 07, 2016)
With spry ball movement, aggressive play by Rose and Porzingis, and Noah healthy and making plays, the Knicks were dominant early on.
New York Times(Oct 29, 2016)
He walked into her store that August day wearing his “Corsair F4U” hat, and Spry asked if he was a veteran.
Washington Times(Oct 14, 2016)
Back: adj. （指老年人）活跃的，敏捷的
分布：活泼的(42%)，精神好的(33%)，敏捷的(25%)
adjective
■(especially of older people) active and able to move quickly and energetically （尤指上年纪的人）充满活力的，敏捷的
• He was amazingly spry for a man of almost 80. 他已经差不多80岁了，却仍旧充满活力，真令人惊叹。
adj. 活泼的；敏捷的；精神好的
 - alive, lively, sharp, activated, fly

Word: sophistry
Front: sophistry
[ˈsɒfɪstri] (宝 31944/38426)
Vocabulary: sophistry
(once / 3729 pages)
n
Sophistry is tricking someone by making a seemingly clever argument, such as telling your mom you must have candy before dinner because if you don't you'll die and then the protein and vitamins won't get eaten at all.
Sophistry is a word that you hear very little in contemporary life, perhaps because it makes anyone who uses it sound like a Puritanical fanatic insisting that something like gum-chewing is the path to the devil. But we are certainly still surrounded by examples of sophistry––just turn on the TV and watch an ad. You'll see plenty.
WORD FAMILY
sophistry: sophistries
USAGE EXAMPLES
This act of diplomatic sophistry allowed trade to blossom and tourists to flock in both directions on direct flights.
Time(Dec 05, 2016)
The formidable Fidesz spin machine manufactured sophistries to explain how an illegitimate outcome represented the inviolable democratic will of the Hungarian people.
Economist(Oct 06, 2016)
I offer no sophistry about separating art from artist.
Seattle Times(Aug 31, 2016)
Back: n. 诡辩术; （一次）诡辩
分布：诡辩(100%)
→sophist,诡辩，-ry,学术，学问。
US ['sɑ:.fɪ-] formal
noun uncountable
■the clever use of arguments which seem true but are really false in order to deceive people 似是而非的推论，诡辩术
n. 诡辩；诡辩法
 - casuistry, quiddity

Word: soulful
Front: soulful
[ˈsəʊlfl] (15535/34141 -1)
Back: adj. 充满深情的; 感情上的; 高尚的
分布：深情的(74%)，充满感情的(26%)
US ['soʊl-] adjective
DEEP FEELINGS 深情
■expressing deep feelings, often sadness 深情的；凄婉的
• a soulful performance/ballad 深情的表演／凄婉的情歌
• The dog looked at me with its big soulful brown eyes. 那只狗睁着它那棕色的大眼睛，深情地看着我。
UK ['səʊl.fəl] US ['soʊl-] adjective
BLACK CULTURE 黑人文化 US having a deep understanding of and proud of black culture 黑人文化情感（对黑人文化的认同和自豪）
adj. 感情上的；高尚的；充满精神的
 - magnificent, noble

Word: storeroom
Front: storeroom
[ˈstɔ:ru:m] (18202/20746)
Back: n. 贮藏室，商品陈列室
分布：储藏室(56%)，库房(44%)
US ['stɔ:r-] noun countable
■a room for keeping things in while they are not being used 储藏室，储物间
n. 库房；储藏室
 - storage room, boxroom

Word: sultry
Front: sultry
[ˈsʌltri] (托宝 15667/19566)
Vocabulary: sultry
(once / 1876 pages)
adj
Stifling, humid and downright oppressive, sultry is an adjective that has everything to do with sweltering heat and a definite need for a tall glass of iced tea.
You know how movies about the old south always show people wilting in the shade of their front porches, mopping their damp brows? Well that's because of the sultry summer weather. A sultry atmosphere is thick, almost swampy feeling. And all that heavy heat can certainly get passions stirring — "a sultry look" is one that happens to express steamy desire.
WORD FAMILY
sultry: sultrier, sultriest, sultrily, sultriness
USAGE EXAMPLES
He recruited Alabama Shakes’ producer Blake Mills for the project, and even duets with the Shakes’ Brittany Howard for the sultry title track.
Seattle Times(Dec 01, 2016)
The sultry rendition for President Kennedy's 45th birthday at a 1962 Democratic fundraiser at New York's Madison Square was one of her last public appearances.
BBC(Nov 18, 2016)
The skin-tight dress Marilyn Monroe wore for her sultry rendition of "Happy Birthday" before then U.S.
Reuters(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: adj. （指天气）湿热难耐的; （指人）易动感情的; 肉欲的; 性感的
级别：sultrier, sultriest
分布：闷热的(64%)，淫荡的(11%)，风骚的(11%)，激烈的(7%)，易怒的(7%)
→来自 swelter,闷热，-y,形容词后缀。用于比喻义形容女子性感的，风情万种的等。
【记】读：骚吹，吹来一股骚风，来了风骚的女人，见到她有闷热的感觉。
adjective
WARM 温暖的
■(of weather) uncomfortably warm and with air that is slightly wet （天气）闷热的，湿热的
['sʌl.tri] adjective
SEXY 性感的
■(especially of a woman's face or voice) sexually attractive in a way that suggests sexual desire （尤指女子的脸庞或声音）性感的，迷人的，风情万种的
• She's the sultry blonde in that new chocolate commercial. 她就是那个新巧克力广告中的性感金发女郎。
adj. 闷热的；狂暴的；淫荡的
 - angry, stuffy

Word: stucco
Front: stucco
[ˈstʌkəʊ] (12683/23844)
Back: n. 粉饰灰泥
vt. 用拉毛粉饰法粉饰
时态：stuccoed, stuccoing, stuccos
分布：灰泥(100%)
→来自意大利语 stucco,粉饰灰泥，来自 Proto-Germanic*stukkjam,灰泥，来自 steu,推，击 打，词源同 stub,type,study.
US [-oʊ] noun uncountable
■a type of plaster used for covering walls and ceilings, especially one which can be formed into decorative patterns （尤指能构成装饰图案的）粉饰灰泥
vt. [建] 粉饰，粉刷；涂以灰泥
 - colour, sugar
n. 灰泥， [建] 灰墁
 - parget, mortar

Word: curie
Front: curie
['kjʊəri] (41088/37235)
Back: n. 居里
分布：名词(100%)
→以其发现者居里夫妇命名。
US ['kjʊr.i] noun countable
■a unit, used especially in the past, for measuring radioactivity 居里（过去用来测量放射性活度的单位）

Word: crib
Front: crib
[krɪb] (9179/23470 -1)
Vocabulary: crib
(once / 2030 pages)
1n 2n 3nv 4n 5v
A crib is a bed with high sides that babies sleep in. To crib is to cheat, like copying off someone else during an exam. How babyish!
A crib is a small, cozy bed that has high sides known as slats. The slats keep the baby from falling out. To crib is different — it means to cheat, especially by copying or stealing information. If you stole an answer key to a test, you cribbed it. If you friend told you the answers to some homework, you cribbed the answers. Cribbing is dishonest.
WORD FAMILY
crib: cribbed, cribbing, cribs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Just 14 weeks old, the malnourished infant died in a soiled crib at her home on March 15, 2015.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
“But they ain’t calling it on him at their crib.”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 27, 2016)
Teary-eyed, they clasped hands and prayed over Josue’s crib moments before nurses wheeled him to the operating room.
Seattle Times(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. （有栏杆的）小儿床; 饲料槽; 牛栏; 剽窃，偷窃
vt. 束缚，限制; 为…设置木栏; 剽窃
vi. 抄袭; 欺骗
时态：cribbed, cribbing, cribs
分布：抄袭(63%)，食槽(16%)，拘禁(16%)，婴儿小床(5%)
→来自sker, 转，弯，编织，词源cradle。原义为篮子，摇篮，后由篮子过渡到饲料槽。抄袭义来自学生俚语。
noun countable
BED 床 US for cot (= a small bed for a baby) 幼儿床
[krɪb] noun countable
MODEL 模型 UK (US creche)
■a model of the people and animals present at the birth of Jesus Christ , used as a decoration at Christmas 耶稣诞生塑像（用作圣诞节装饰）
[krɪb] noun countable
HOME 家 US slang
■Someone's crib is their home or the place where they are living at present. 家，窝，小屋
[krɪb] verb intransitive or transitive (-bb-) informal disapproving
■to copy someone else's work, especially dishonestly 抄袭，剽窃，作弊
• I got chucked out of the exam for cribbing from the guy in front. 由于抄袭前座的答案，我被逐出了考场。
n. 婴儿床；栅栏；食槽
 - infanette, rail fence
vi. 剽窃
 - plagiarize
vt. 拘禁，关入栅栏；抄袭
 - lift, copy

Word: powwow
Front: powwow
[ˈpaʊwaʊ] (20094/-)
Vocabulary: powwow
(once / 21412 pages)
nv
To powwow or have a powwow is to have a quick meeting. People powwow when they need to discuss something.
Originally, powwow was a Native American term for a type of meeting or council. The term has since become a more general term for meetings and conferences, especially brief ones. Football players in a huddle are having a powwow. Two police officers may powwow before approaching a suspect. Anytime there's something to discuss and debate, you might need to powwow. At the end of a powwow, you should come to some kind of decision.
WORD FAMILY
powwow: powwowed, powwowing, powwows
USAGE EXAMPLES
The powwow is the one of the world’s largest gatherings of Native Americans and indigenous people.
Washington Times(Dec 31, 2016)
Made almost a decade before “Smoke Signals,” the lesser-known “Powwow Highway” is also a road movie.
Salon(Nov 25, 2016)
He’s referring specifically to “around 250 white supremacists” who celebrated Trump’s victory at a Washington powwow Saturday.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: n. 巫师，医师，（印地安人的）仪式
v. 举行仪式，行巫术，用巫术医治
时态：powwowed, powwowing, powwows
分布：帕瓦仪式(37%)，巫医(27%)，举行帕瓦仪式(18%)，议事会(18%)
→来自北美土著语powwaw,萨满法师，巫师，巫师做法仪式。后借用该词用于指现代意义上的讨论会，理事会。
noun
countable
■a meeting of Native Americans for making decisions or for having spiritual ceremonies or celebrations （北美印第安人为议事、祈神或庆祝举行的）帕瓦仪式；祈祷会
countable usually singular humorous
■a meeting where something important is discussed 会议，讨论会
• My brother's getting divorced so I'm going home for a family powwow this weekend. 我哥哥要离婚了，因此本周末我要回家参加家庭会议。
n. 仪式；巫师；医师
 - ceremony, service, physician

Word: procreate
Front: procreate
[ˈprəʊkrieɪt] (宝 29588/44852)
Vocabulary: procreate
(once / 5390 pages)
v
To procreate is to reproduce. In other words, to procreate is a more formal way of saying "making babies."
Notice the word create in procreate? That's a clue that this word is about making something, in this case, making more creatures. People procreate by having sex and then children. Birds procreate when they lay eggs. Plants procreate asexually — without sex. Sometimes it's difficult to convince pandas to procreate in zoos. All forms of procreating result in more critters like the originals. Your parents procreated, or you wouldn't be here.
WORD FAMILY
procreate: procreated, procreates, procreating, procreation, procreative+/procreation: procreations/procreative: procreatively
USAGE EXAMPLES
Those that are stopped from procreating are disproportionately black and brown, poor and immigrant.
US News(Oct 18, 2016)
Few people know that before 1676, people from Europe and Africa lived, worked and procreated together in the Mid-Atlantic states as equals.
Washington Post(Oct 14, 2016)
Urging people to procreate is one of the most stupid and damaging things any leader can do.
New York Times(Sep 23, 2016)
Back: vt. & vi. 生（儿、女），生育，生殖
时态：procreated, procreating, procreates
分布：生育(60%)，生殖(29%)，产生(11%)
→pro-,向前，create,创造，生长。引申词义繁殖，生殖。
生育(pro+create创造→创造很多→生儿育女)[pro-①表示"向前,在前"②表示"很多…"③表示"赞同,亲..."]
繁殖;生产(pro向前+create创造→不断创造→繁殖)[cre,creas=grow,make,表示"增长,产生"]
【记】pro向前，create创造－生育儿女
US ['proʊ-] formal
verb intransitive
■to produce young 生殖，生育
• While priests were denied the right to marry and procreate, he said, their situation would remain impossible. 他说，只要牧师们仍被剥夺结婚生子的权利，他们的处境仍将进退两难。
vi. 生育（子女）；产生
 - result, breed
vt. 生殖
 - generate, reproduce

Word: prong
Front: prong
[prɒŋ] (19192/20788)
Vocabulary: prong
(once / 6563 pages)
n
A prong, like a spike, a tine, or a spoke, is something that sticks out and is pointy. The prongs of your fork are useful for spearing food and delivering it to your mouth.
Besides forks, many other objects have prongs, from hoes and rakes to electrical plugs to an animal's horns or antlers (in fact there's a specific group of antelopes commonly called pronghorns). Before it was spelled prong, the word was prange, "pointed instrument," from the Anglo-Latin pronga, "pointed tool," and possibly the Germanic prange, "stick."
WORD FAMILY
prong: prongs
USAGE EXAMPLES
There’s something about the Mad Max-looking metal cup with a long copper prong and industrial “JikoPower” logo that grabs people’s attention.
Seattle Times(Dec 01, 2016)
Police say the man became agitated and pulled the electric prongs from his body, prompting the officers to retreat to a railed porch.
Washington Times(Oct 28, 2016)
Or the two-inch darts on the prong may have brought fungi deeper when it struck near significant blood vessels.
Washington Post(Oct 10, 2016)
Back: n. 叉子齿; （进攻、论点等的）方面; （构成形容词）有…齿的; 分…方面的
分布：刺(32%)，叉状物(20%)，翻掘(16%)，贯穿(16%)，尖齿(8%)，分支(8%)
→来自拉丁语pronga,叉齿，可能来自bhars,刺，硬毛，词源同prod,bur.
US [prɑ:ŋ] noun countable
■one of two or more long sharp points on an object, especially a fork （尤指叉子）尖头，尖齿，叉
vt. 刺；贯穿；翻掘
 - stick, pink
n. 耙子；叉状物
 - rake

Word: suasion
Front: suasion
['sweɪʒn] (33621/-)
Back: n. 说服，劝告
分布：劝告(59%)，说服(41%)
n. 说服，劝告
 - advice, persuasion

Word: strobe
Front: strobe
[ˈstrəʊb] (20494/36243)
Back: n. 闸门，起滤波作用
时态：strobed, strobing, strobes
分布：频闪观测器(40%)，频闪放电管(40%)，频闪闪光灯(20%)
→缩写自 stroboscopic lamp,频闪闪光灯。
n. 闸门；闪光灯；频闪观测器
 - flashing lamp, photoflash lamp
vi. 闪光
 - flare light, glitter

Word: swami
Front: swami
[ˈswɑ:mi] (27702/-)
Back: n. （印度教的）偶像; 专家; 学者; 哲人
分布：阁下(45%)，大师(33%)，梵学家(22%)
noun countable
■(the title of) a Hindu religious teacher （印度教的）宗教导师
n. 阁下（印度教用语）；偶像；哲人
 - sir, don, icon, idol

Word: swaddle
Front: swaddle
[ˈswɒdl] (23098/37789)
Vocabulary: swaddle
(once / 7787 pages)
v
When you swaddle a baby, you wrap her in a blanket. Parents often swaddle a crying newborn to soothe and comfort her.
You can swaddle anything, if you wrap it snugly in a cloth — a child might attempt to swaddle his kitten, or his toy truck — but the verb is used most often to describe the technique of calming a baby with a tightly wrapped blanket. The word swaddle has been in use since the 1300's, and it was probably a form of the Old English swaþian, related to the word swathe, which has a similar meaning to swaddle.
WORD FAMILY
swaddle: swaddled, swaddles, swaddling
USAGE EXAMPLES
They set up photos of a swaddled Connor around the bassinet and placed stuffed animals on the bedside table.
Washington Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Did they want me to also renounce all earthly possessions and swaddle myself in rough linens?
Salon(Dec 24, 2016)
Here she presents them on paper plates, still steaming, their corn-husk swaddling damp.
New York Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 襁褓
vt. 束缚，用襁褓包
时态：swaddled, swaddling, swaddles
分布：襁褓(44%)，束缚(28%)，用襁褓包(28%)
→来自古英语 swathian,包裹，裹紧，词源同 swathe,带子，长条布。-le, 表反复。字母 d,th 音 变，如 burden 来自古英语 byrthen.
US ['swɑ:.dl] old-fashioned
verb transitive
■to wrap a baby tightly in cloth 用繦褓包裹（婴儿）
• Swaddling a baby tightly in a blanket can be a good way to stop it crying. 用毯子紧紧裹住婴儿可能是让他停止哭泣的好办法。
vt. 用襁褓包；束缚
 - chain, bound
n. 襁褓
 - swaddling clothes

Word: superhighway
Front: superhighway
[ˌsu:pəˈhaɪweɪ] (18583/-)
Back: n. 信息高速公路
分布：超级高速公路(100%)
US [-pɚ-] US
noun countable
■a large, wide road on which traffic travels at high speed （超级）高速公路

Word: abrogation
Front: abrogation
[ˌæbrə'ɡeɪʃn] (28783/35136)
Vocabulary: abrogation
(once / 13889 pages)
n
Abrogation is the act of canceling, nullifying, or repealing something, almost always in an official or legal context.
To abrogate something is to repeal or cancel it, so abrogation is the act of repealing or canceling. This is mainly a legal term. Abrogation occurs whenever an old law or rule is abolished, like when slavery was outlawed. The abrogation of a lease means it is no longer valid and binding. The annulment of a marriage — which legally wipes out the marriage, as if it never happened — is also a type of abrogation.
WORD FAMILY
abrogation: abrogations+/ abrogate: abrogated, abrogates, abrogating, abrogation, abrogator
USAGE EXAMPLES
"Prepare to leave the Philippines. Prepare for the eventual repeal or abrogation of the VFA."
Reuters(Dec 16, 2016)
I agree, but what about the apparently widespread abrogation of responsibility on the part of parents?
New York Times(Aug 31, 2016)
"It's a really egregious abrogation of his responsibility," Muller says.
US News(Oct 05, 2016)
Back: n. 取消，废除
分布：废除(68%)，取消(32%)
n. 废除；取消
 - withdrawal, cancellation, abolition

Word: achingly
Front: achingly
['eɪkɪŋlɪ] (25345/37223)
Back: adv. （因得不到而）渴望地，痛苦地
分布：非常痛地(100%)
['eɪ.kɪŋ.li] literary
adverb
■extremely 极其，非常
• Sung by the world's greatest tenor, this aria is achingly beautiful. 这首咏叹调由世界上最伟大的男高音来演唱，真是天籁之音。
adv. 极其；痛惜地；非常痛地
 - extremely, most, rare

Word: aeroflot

Word: af
Front: af
[æf] (-/41237)
Back: abbr. audio frequency 音频; audio-frequency 音频; anno futuro (Italian=next year) （意大利语）明年; affiliate 分会

Word: aft
Front: aft
[ɑ:ft] (16006/23754 -1)
Vocabulary: aft
(once / 768 pages)
advadj
When something's at the back of a boat, it's aft. You might instruct a passenger on your sailboat to move aft while you adjust the sails.
Aft, which can be used as an adverb or an adjective, is almost solely used in nautical or aeronautical terminology — in other words, when you're talking about a boat, ship, or airplane. Flight attendants usually start at the front of the cabin and move aft as they dole out drinks and pretzels, and they might instruct you to stow your huge bag in an aft compartment. The Old English root is æftan, "from behind or farthest back."
WORD FAMILY
aft: aftermost, aftest, aftly, afts
USAGE EXAMPLES
It later merged with a white AFT local to form a racially integrated local of the AFT, which then became the Washington Teachers’ Union.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Only about 90 seconds before he hit the water – when he would pull the nose full aft at last – did he address the passengers.
The Guardian(Nov 27, 2016)
For passengers in the rear, seating slides fore and aft for extra leg room.
New York Times(Nov 10, 2016)
Back: adv. 在船尾; 近船尾
adj. 在船尾的; 近船尾的
分布：在船尾(72%)，向船尾(28%)
→来自PIE *apo, 从，后面，词源同前缀ab-, 单词of。-*to最高级后缀。指最后面。词源较抽象。
US [æft] specialized
adjective adverb
■in or towards the back part of a boat 在船尾（的）；向船尾（的）
adv. [船] 在船尾；近船尾
 - astern, sternwards

Word: aha
Front: aha
[ɑ:ˈhɑ:] (11981/2997)
Back: int. 啊哈（表示惊讶、胜利、嘲弄等）
分布：名词(100%)
exclamation
■used when you suddenly understand or find something （表示突然理解或发现某事物）啊哈，噢，嘿
• Aha, now I see what you mean! 噢！现在我明白你的意思了！
• Aha, that's where I put my keys! 嘿！原来我把锁匙放那里了！
int. 啊哈（表示喜悦、轻蔑、惊讶等）
 - uh-huh

Word: ahwaz

Word: airtight
Front: airtight
[ˈeətaɪt] (宝 12126/22180)
Vocabulary: airtight
(once / 20520 pages)
adj
If something's airtight, it is completely sealed so that no air can get in or out of it. When you make homemade jam with the raspberries you picked, it's important to make sure the lids are airtight so the jam won't spoil.
Many kinds of food and medicine you buy in a store are airtight. The airtight seal on a package, bag, or can assures you that the contents are safe from any germs that might get in and contaminate them. You can also use this adjective to mean "certain" or "indisputable," like an airtight alibi that can't be argued with, or an airtight plan that's guaranteed to work.
WORD FAMILY
airtight
USAGE EXAMPLES
These will keep well for up to 3 days in an airtight container.
The Guardian(Dec 25, 2016)
The cookies should be put away in a moist place like a basement or kept in a metal or airtight container to soften.
New York Times(Dec 13, 2016)
In a bouncy castle, a continuously running air compressor creates overpressure in a fabric structure that is not airtight.
New York Times(Oct 12, 2016)
Back: adj. 不透气的; 密封的; <主美口>（防守等）严密的; 无懈可击的
分布：密封的(61%)，不透气的(21%)，无懈可击的(18%)
【记】air空气，tight紧的－紧紧的不让空气跑出去－密封的
US ['er-] adjective
■completely closed so that no air can get in or out 密封的，气密的，不透气的
• Biscuits will stay crisp if you keep them in an airtight container. 如果装在密封容器里，饼干就会保持酥脆。
adj. 密闭的，密封的；无懈可击的
 - tight, sealed

Word: alluvial
Front: alluvial
[əˈlu:viəl] (25722/27777)
Vocabulary: alluvial
(once / 4059 pages)
adj
Alluvial refers to the stuff left behind by running water. Think of a city in the aftermath of a flood––streets littered with things that had once been floating––tree branches, parts of buildings, and lots of lots of sand and silt.
Alluvial comes from the Latin word for washed, but the stuff water leaves behind doesn't often feel clean. In fact, the word is so closely associated with leftover debris that its meaning goes beyond flooding. If you have a party when your parents are out of town, you’d better get up early and clean up all the alluvial evidence.
WORD FAMILY
alluvial
USAGE EXAMPLES
Answer: alluvial gold and the mercury required to extract it.
The Guardian(Nov 19, 2016)
Cities built over hard bedrock shake more than those built on alluvial areas with more sand and gravel.
Washington Times(Nov 07, 2016)
Winter says the park’s flooding is vital for animals and people, as it helps deposit fertile alluvial soil from the Brahmaputra River.
National Geographic(Aug 02, 2016)
Back: adj. （河流、洪水）冲积的，淤积的
n. 冲积土，冲积层
分布：冲积的(47%)，冲积土(30%)，淤积土(13%)，淤积的(10%)
→前缀al-同ad-. 词根luv, 流，冲刷，见lava,岩浆.
【记】al一再，luv冲洗－冲出来的－冲积的
【参】alluvium（n [地]冲积层，淤积层）；ablution（n 清洗）一个蓝色的神－海神－清洗
adj. [地质] 冲积的
 - deluvial

Word: ambassadorial
Front: ambassadorial
[æmˌbæsə'dɔ:rɪəl] (33789/36345)
Back: adj. 大使的，使节的
分布：大使的(63%)，使节的(37%)
US [-'dɔ:r.i-] adjective
■belonging or relating to an ambassador 大使的
• the ambassadorial car/residence 大使专车／大使住所
• He achieved ambassadorial rank in 1958. 1958年，他晋升至大使级。

Word: fsf

Word: gamer
Front: gamer
[ˈgeɪmə(r)] (20166/-)
Back: n. 电脑游戏玩家
分布：游戏(53%)，比赛(39%)，一场比赛(4%)，猎物(1%)，运动会(1%)，勇敢的(1%)，花招(1%)
US [-ɚ] noun countable
■someone who likes playing computer games 玩电子游戏者，电脑游戏玩家
■a sports player who enjoys their sport very much and works very hard 热爱自己的运动项目，刻苦训练的运动员

Word: gatorade

Word: gatsby

Word: godfrey

Word: goto
Front: goto
['ɡəʊtəʊ] None
Back: v. 转到
分布：转到(100%)
vt. 转到
 - pass to
vi. 转到
 - pass to

Word: grandiloquent
Front: grandiloquent
[grænˈdɪləkwənt] (38173/35522)
Vocabulary: grandiloquent
(once / 9213 pages)
adj
Grandiloquent is a fancy term for, well, being fancy or pretentious. In fact, you might say grandiloquent is itself a pretty grandiloquent word.
The word grandiloquent generally refers to the way a person behaves or speaks. Politicians and schoolteachers are the usual suspects of this manner of behavior, known as grandiloquence, but it can refer to anything that's overbearing or pompous in style or manner. Architecture, especially, is highly guilty of being grandiloquent — if you check out just about anything built in the Baroque style, you could describe it as grandiloquent.
WORD FAMILY
grandiloquent: grandiloquence, grandiloquently+/ grandiloquence: grandiloquences
USAGE EXAMPLES
In Sunday’s presidential debate in St Louis, Missouri, he made the grandiloquent pronouncement that “coal will last for a thousand years in this country”.
The Guardian(Oct 11, 2016)
This grandiloquent psychiatrist-poet, a bear of a man with waves of white hair, has played the role of national martyr throughout the proceedings.
The Guardian(Mar 22, 2016)
Trump was grandiloquent about himself, his temperament and his ability to serve.
US News(Feb 07, 2016)
Back: adj. 夸张的，大言不惭的
分布：浮夸的(78%)，辞藻浮华的(22%)
→grand, 壮丽的，堂皇的。-loq, 说，词源同colloquy, loquacious.
【反】secretive（adj 遮遮掩掩的；守口如瓶的）
[græn'dɪl.ə.kwənt] formal mainly disapproving
adjective
■describes a style or a way of using language that is complicated in order to attract admiration and attention, especially in order to make someone or something seem important （尤指为了使某人或者某物显得重要而）卖弄词藻的，言辞浮夸的，过分华丽的
• Her speech was full of grandiloquent language, but it contained no new ideas. 她的演讲虽然充满了华丽的词藻，但却没有甚么新意。
adj. 夸张的；夸大的；大言不惭的
 - tall, exaggerative

Word: grouchy
Front: grouchy
[ˈgraʊtʃi] (托 27166/-)
Back: adj. <非正>脾气不好并常发牢骚的，好抱怨的
分布：不高兴的(67%)，爱抱怨的(33%)
['graʊ.tʃi] informal
adjective
■easily annoyed and complaining 易怒的；牢骚满腹的；好抱怨的
• Don't be so grouchy! 别那么牢骚满腹的！
adj. 不高兴的，不满的；不平的
 - disgruntled, joyless

Word: haemophilia
Front: haemophilia
[ˌhi:məˈfɪliə] (-/38219 -1)
Back: n. 血友病，出血不止病
分布：血友病(76%)，出血不止(18%)，=hemophilia.(6%)
→haemato-,血，血液，-philia,爱，词源同philosopher.用于指血友病。
UK (ALSO US hemophilia) [ˌhi:.mə'fɪl.i.ə] noun uncountable
■a rare blood disease in which blood continues to flow after a cut or other injury because one of the substances which causes it to clot does not work correctly 血友病
n. [内科] 血友病
 - hemophilia

Word: hafnium
Front: hafnium
[ˈhæfniəm] (45834/-)
Back: n. 铪
分布：符号 Hf)(100%)
→来自拉丁语Hafnia,现丹麦首都哥本哈根拉丁语名，因这种金属元素于哥本哈根首次发现而得名，字面意思为港口，词源同haven,copenhagen.

Word: hashish
Front: hashish
[ˈhæʃi:ʃ] (-/26856)
Back: n. 以印度大麻提炼的麻药
分布：印度大麻麻醉剂(100%)
→来自阿拉伯语hashish,大麻粉，一种令人产生麻醉和感受不到疼痛的草药。在13世纪时，穆斯林神秘的杀手集团“山中老人”用该草药来使执行谋杀任务的杀手忘却疼痛，assassin即来自于此。
noun uncountable
■a drug, illegal in many countries, made from the cannabis plant and usually smoked 大麻麻醉药

Word: hefei

Word: hogwash
Front: hogwash
[ˈhɒgwɒʃ] (32402/-)
Vocabulary: hogwash
(once / 62207 pages)
n
Hogwash is complete nonsense, lies, or ridiculous actions. Any diet plan that promises you'll lose twenty pounds in two weeks is hogwash.
The informal hogwash is perfect for talking about falsehoods and foolishness. Your little brother may insist that his lemonade stand will make him a millionaire this summer, but you know that's hogwash. And many politicians give long speeches that seem, in retrospect, to be nothing but hogwash. The word has seen a dramatic evolution, from the fifteenth century "slops fed to pigs," to "cheap liquor" in the 1700s, to "inferior writing" towards the end of the eighteenth century.
WORD FAMILY
hogwash
USAGE EXAMPLES
It would indeed be much easier for all concerned if global warming were hogwash.
Washington Post(Nov 17, 2016)
Still, even less ideologically minded people have pointed out that much of Brown’s view of history is hogwash.
The Guardian(Oct 28, 2016)
Advocates of “Brexit” argued that was hogwash, and the early evidence suggests they were right.
New York Times(Oct 10, 2016)
Back: n. 猪食; 泔; 泔水
分布：废话(64%)，猪食(36%)
→hog,猪，wash,洗。即猪水，猪食，引申词义胡言乱语，胡扯。
US ['hɑ:g.wɑ:ʃ] noun uncountable informal
■nonsense, or words which are intended to deceive 废话，胡说八道；瞎话
• His answer was pure hogwash. 他的回答纯粹是废话。
n. 猪食；废话
 - bushwa, rubbish

Word: honiara

Word: hybridisation

Word: iab

Word: inimitable
Front: inimitable
[ɪˈnɪmɪtəbl] (宝 24958/19940)
Vocabulary: inimitable
(once / 2413 pages)
adj
Use the adjective inimitable to describe someone or something that is so special or unique, it is impossible to duplicate, like that superstar tennis player with the inimitable serve no other player can copy.
To correctly pronounce inimitable, accent the second syllable: "ih-NIH-muh-tuh-bul" Inimitable comes from imitabilis, meaning “imitable,” or “that which can be imitated.” Comedians, for example, find the way certain celebrities talk to be quite imitable. But add the prefix in-, meaning “not,” and you get “not imitated.” Use this word to describe things that are truly one-of-a-kind and just can't be copied.
WORD FAMILY
inimitable: inimitably+/ imitate: imitated, imitates, imitating, imitation, imitative, imitator, inimitable / imitation: imitations/imitative: imitatively, nonimitative/imitator: imitators
USAGE EXAMPLES
But that is the crux of King Spa’s appeal: its inimitable otherworldliness.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Why give up on this precious, life-resplendent orb of our inimitable Earth?
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
There’s a sense of total and complete respect underpinned by a curiosity to decrypt the genius behind inimitable pieces constructed by masterful technique.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 21, 2016)
Back: adj. 不可仿效的; 不可企及
分布：无法仿效的(58%)，不可比拟的(42%)
→in-,不，非，imitable,可模仿的，可仿效的。
无可比拟的(in+imit模仿+able→不能模仿的)[im-,in-①表示"不,无,非"②表示"向内,进入"]
无与伦比的(in不+imitable)[imag,imit=imagine,lkeness,表示"想象,相象"]
【记】imitate（vt 模仿；仿效）
【反】ordinary（普通的）；commonplace（普通的）
US [-tˌə-] adjective
■very unusual or of very high quality and therefore impossible to copy 无双的，无与伦比的；无法模仿的
• He was describing, in his own inimitable style/way , how to write a best-selling novel. 他以其独特的风格描述了怎样写畅销小说。
• She appeared at the Oscar's wearing one of Versace's inimitable creations. 她以独一无二的凡赛斯晚装亮相奥斯卡颁奖典礼。
adj. 独特的；无比的；无法仿效的
 - unique, distinct, individual, picturesque

Word: insolent
Front: insolent
[ˈɪnsələnt] (托雅宝 24483/20072)
Vocabulary: insolent
(once / 419 pages)
adj
Someone who's insolent is either really doing her own thing, even if it goes against what everyone else is doing, or she’s mildly disrespectful.
That student in your class who is constantly snubbing the teacher, snorting when he gives assignments, and rolling her eyes when he reads passages aloud from your vocabulary textbook? Insolent, definitely insolent. There might be another student who adorns her school uniform with pins and ribbons, cuts her hair shorter than the dress code allows, and rolls her socks down. This student is also insolent, in the sense that she defies the rules.
WORD FAMILY
insolent: insolence, insolenter, insolently+/ insolence: insolences
USAGE EXAMPLES
His gestures are harsh, angular and sketchy – insolent, asexual, frequently reminiscent of those of the Scarlet Hex Witch of the comic books.
The Guardian(Oct 16, 2016)
This hits home in a way that a direct attack on the insolent, impervious figure of Trump himself does not.
The Guardian(Oct 14, 2016)
On the other hand, he has landed in trouble in the past and still has moments of being hardheaded, insolent, lazy and less-than-truthful.
Washington Post(Sep 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 侮慢的，无礼的; 张狂; 傲睨一世
分布：无礼的(58%)，粗野的(19%)，无耻的(14%)，厚颜的(9%)
→in-,不，非，-sol,自己的，词源同sole,self.即不像自己平时的表现，引申词义反常的，过界的，最后过渡到傲慢的，无礼的。
【记】in不，sol悲哀，感情，ent－参加葬礼没有悲哀的－无礼的in不，sole孤独，nt：F4－言辞傲慢的
【参】insolence（n 傲慢无礼）
【反】polite＝respectful＝courteous（adj 谦恭的；有礼貌的）
adjective
■rude and not showing respect 无礼的，侮慢的
• an insolent child/young man 傲慢无礼的孩子／小伙子
• an insolent gesture/remark 傲慢无礼的手势／话语
adj. 无礼的；傲慢的；粗野的；无耻的
 - robust, gross, rough, country, bush

Word: investigatory
Front: investigatory
[ɪn'vestɪɡətərɪ] (31813/34048)
Back: adj. 研究的，好研究的
分布：研究的(100%)
adj. 调查的，审查的；研究的，好研究的
 - examining, inquisitional

Word: inviolability
Front: inviolability
[ɪnˌvaɪələ'bɪlətɪ] (33104/38275)
Back: n. 神圣，不可亵渎，不可侵犯
分布：不可侵犯(60%)，神圣(40%)
n. [法] 不可侵犯；神圣
 - infrangibility, holiness

Word: irani

Word: iridescent
Front: iridescent
[ˌɪrɪˈdesnt] (宝 16703/22379)
Vocabulary: iridescent
(once / 4911 pages)
adj
Iridescent is an adjective that means lustrous and pearly, giving off a brilliant sheen like an oil slick or, well, a pearl.
Iridescent came to be in 1796, when some enthusiastic word maker took the Latin word iris, which means "rainbow," and morphed it into an English word that describes anything giving off a luminous, rainbow sheen or that changes color in the light. It's a great descriptive word — if you can resist the urge to spell it with an extra "r."
WORD FAMILY
iridescent: iridescence, iridescently+/iridesce: iridesced, iridescent / iridescence: iridescences
USAGE EXAMPLES
The biggest trend this quarter, for example, is shiny, iridescent, opalescent and silver, says Ms James.
BBC(Dec 17, 2016)
During his session, he saw spirals of iridescent spheres that folded in on themselves.
New York Times(Dec 01, 2016)
She turns to see her co-host, grinning, iridescent with cameras.
Nature(Nov 22, 2016)
Back: adj. 彩虹色的; （随位置不同而）变色的，闪色的; 小配件
分布：彩虹色的(54%)，闪光的(46%)
→来自希腊语iris,彩虹，-escent,形容词后缀。即像彩虹一样的，引申词义色彩斑斓的。
【记】源于Iris（n 艾丽丝：彩虹女神，负责为诸神报信）
【反】monochromatic（adj 单色的）
adjective
■showing many bright colours which change with movement 色彩斑斓的，虹彩的
• Her latest fashion collection features shimmering iridescent materials. 她最近推出的时装系列的特色是采用闪闪发亮、色彩斑斓的布料。
adj. 彩虹色的；闪光的
 - shot, irised

Word: ita

Word: jocular
Front: jocular
[ˈdʒɒkjələ(r)] (宝 30973/23970)
Vocabulary: jocular
(once / 3268 pages)
adjadv
Do you like to make a lot of jokes? Are you often silly? Are you usually happy? If so, then you are a jocular person.
Being jocular has to do with being both jokey and fun. A jocular suggestion is not a serious suggestion — it's a joke. Some people are more jocular than others: anyone who is ultra-serious and always frowning is not jocular. A comedian makes a job of being jocular. Class clowns can't stop being jocular, though the teacher might just see them as obnoxious. Being jocular is usually considered a good thing: it's not just about making a lot of jokes; it's about being happy and pleasant to be around.
WORD FAMILY
jocular: jocularity, jocularly, joculars+/ jocularity: jocularities
USAGE EXAMPLES
This, coupled with the frequent “swallowing” of consonants, can give the Beijing vernacular a punchy, jocular feel.
New York Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Jocular contempt for women will come back into fashion.
New York Times(Nov 20, 2016)
“Jocular contempt for women will come back into fashion.”
The Guardian(Nov 19, 2016)
Back: adj. 爱开玩笑的; 滑稽的，幽默的
分布：诙谐的(46%)，打趣的(29%)，滑稽的(25%)
→来自拉丁语iocus,娱乐，玩耍，讲笑话，词源同joke.
爱开玩笑的(joc+ular)[joc=joke,表示"笑话"]
滑稽的(joc=joke好玩,玩笑)[-ular表形容词"有…形状或性质的"]
【记】joc＝joke（n 笑话；v 开玩笑）
【反】serious（adj 严肃认真的）
US ['dʒɑ:.kjə.lɚ] formal
adjective
■funny or intended to make someone laugh 有趣的；逗乐的
• a jocular comment 诙谐的评论
■describes someone who is happy and likes to make jokes 爱开玩笑的
• Michael was in a very jocular mood at the party. 麦可在聚会上非常诙谐、幽默。
adj. 爱开玩笑的；打趣的；滑稽的
 - funny, waggish

Word: jollity
Front: jollity
['dʒɒlətɪ] (43492/24239)
Vocabulary: jollity
(once / 5261 pages)
n
Use the noun jollity to describe having fun and being in an extremely good mood, like the jollity you feel when you are with your best friends at your favorite amusement park.
You can see the word jolly in jollity and that is a big clue that it means "full of cheer and good will." We might say that Jolly Old Saint Nicholas — Santa Claus — is the king of jollity. But you can join his court — you are the picture of jollity when you are laughing uncontrollably with good friends or whooping it up at a Country Western dance. We are talking mirth and merriment: that's jollity.
WORD FAMILY
jollity: jollities+/ jolly: jollied, jollier, jollies, jolliest, jollily, jolliness, jollity, jollying
USAGE EXAMPLES
Movie review of “Trolls”: Coerced jollity is the order of the day in this animated kids movie about a race of relentlessly chirpy pint-size trolls.
Seattle Times(Nov 01, 2016)
Argentina fans arrived early to spread their jollity inside and around the arena.
New York Times(Aug 17, 2016)
The jollity often has a desperate quality to it, and the raunchiness, of which there is plenty, tends to be either sophomoric or overly crass.
New York Times(Jul 29, 2016)
Back: n. <正>欢乐，愉快
分布：欢乐(72%)，快乐(28%)
n. 酒宴；高兴；欢乐
 - joy, festival

Word: glimmering
Front: glimmering
['glɪmərɪŋ] (31540/37997)
Back: n. 微光，隐约的一瞥
adj. 薄弱地发光的
v. 发闪光，发微光( glimmer的现在分词 )
分布：微光(45%)，隐约的一瞥(33%)，薄弱地发光的(22%)
n. 微光；隐约的一瞥
 - gleam, shimmer

Word: goalkeeper
Front: goalkeeper
[ˈgəʊlki:pə(r)] (22826/6313 -2)
Back: n. 守门员
分布：守门员(100%)
US ['goʊlˌki:.pɚ] UK (informal goalie) (US goaltender)
noun countable
 IMPROVER
■the player who stands in the team's goal to try to stop the other team from scoring 守门员
n. 守门员
 - netkeeper, wicket-keeper

Word: greenstone
Front: greenstone
['gri:nstəʊn] (44996/-)
Back: n. 绿岩，绿玉，软玉
分布：绿岩(100%)

Word: glossary
Front: glossary
[ˈglɒsəri] (六托雅宝 16773/16150)
Vocabulary: glossary
(once / 3525 pages)
n
A glossary is a dictionary of terms specific to a certain subject. A biology textbook might have a glossary in the back, so you can quickly look up all those technical words.
Many fields of study use terms that are pretty much restricted to that field of study, so authors often supply a glossary to help people understand what they're talking about. The glossary is often found at the end of a book or article and is usually in alphabetical order. A glossary can also come at the end of a chapter or even in footnotes. If you're just joining the world of Dungeons and Dragons, I recommend you look over the glossary, so you can get a sense of what your fellow gamers are talking about.
WORD FAMILY
glossary: glossaries, glossarist+/glossarist: glossarists
USAGE EXAMPLES
A glossary allows children to look up the definitions of unfamiliar words.
New York Times(Dec 28, 2016)
The new glossary includes dozens of terms for malfeasance, but also a few other terms.
The Guardian(Nov 07, 2016)
After the recipes, Duguid provides pages of travel notes, a note on wines and a pretty cool glossary: the cookbook as Lonely Planet guide.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 04, 2016)
Back: n. （书尾的）词汇表，难词汇编
分布：词汇表(91%)，术语汇编(9%)
→来自拉丁语glossa, 舌头，外来词，注释。-ary, 集合名词后缀。比较tongue, language.
难词表(gloss+ary表名词)[gloss,glot=tongue表示"舌头",引申为"词语"]
难词表(gloss舌头;词语)[-ary 1.表形容词"…的"2.表名词"人,场所,物"]
【记】gloss（v /n 注释），ary－术语表g，loss，ary：对在你的脑中loss丢失的词汇进行解释－难词表
【参】glossal（adj 舌的）；glossography（n 注释写作）
US ['glɑ:.sɚ-] noun countable
■an alphabetical list, with meanings, of the words or phrases in a text that are difficult to understand 词汇表；难词汇编
• a glossary of technical terms 术语汇编

Word: guano
Front: guano
[ˈgwɑ:nəʊ] (29183/37126)
Back: n. 海鸟粪，人造（或天然）肥料（尤指鱼肥），鱼肥料
vt. 在…上施鸟粪或肥料
分布：名词(100%)
→来自南美土著语。
US [-noʊ] noun uncountable
■the excrement (= solid waste) of sea birds 海鸟粪
• Guano is often used as a fertilizer. 海鸟粪常用来作肥料。
n. [肥料] 海鸟粪；鱼肥料；鸟粪石
 - struvite

Word: gunnar

Word: grumbler

Word: groundhog
Front: groundhog
[ˈgraʊndhɒg] (21687/-)
Back: n. （美国产的）土拨鼠
分布：土拨鼠(100%)
US [-hɑ:g] US
noun countable
■a woodchuck
n. 土拨鼠
 - woodchuck, marmot

Word: grotto
Front: grotto
[ˈgrɒtəʊ] (宝 17656/20055)
Vocabulary: grotto
(once / 1746 pages)
n
A grotto is a small cave, the kind of place where you feel comfortable, cozy, and protected from the harsh realities outside.
This word started in Greek (as the word that also gives us crypt), turned into Latin and then Italian, and finally landed in English in the 1600s as grotto. A grotto can be natural or manmade, but either way, it's a small cave or hidden room with cool and inviting features like a comfy floor or round walls. A grotto is a good place to read, write, or just hang out with friends, especially on a hot summer day.
WORD FAMILY
grotto: grottoes, grottos
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ripe dessert fruits were offered up in grottoes of palm and fern.
Washington Post(Dec 20, 2016)
The original grotto is being left to “rest” to find a natural balance.
The Guardian(Dec 03, 2016)
You can’t size up a new visage, yet the grottoes in your head have more to plumb if your sight was lost midlife or later.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: n. （吸引人的）岩洞，洞穴，（人挖的）洞室
分布：洞穴(77%)，岩穴(23%)
→词源同crypt, 隐藏。
【记】读：grow头，联想王八从它的壳里grow头出来，他的壳就有小洞穴。
US ['grɑ:.tˌoʊ] (plural grottoes or grottos)
noun countable
■a small cave, especially one that is made to look attractive 小洞穴；（尤指用于美化的）人工洞穴
n. 岩穴，洞穴；人工洞室
 - hole, cave

Word: hemlock
Front: hemlock
[ˈhemlɒk] (17438/39778)
Back: n. 由毒芹提取的毒药
分布：铁杉(65%)，毒芹(19%)，毒汁(11%)，从毒芹提炼的毒药(5%)
→词源不详。
US [-lɑ:k] noun uncountable
■a type of poison made from a plant which has small white flowers and divided leaves 从毒芹中提炼的毒药

Word: heartbreak
Front: heartbreak
[ˈhɑ:tbreɪk] (14300/20418 -1)
Vocabulary: heartbreak
(once / 8685 pages)
n
Heartbreak is a feeling of overwhelming sadness and grief. As Elvis sang, "Well, since my baby left me, I found a new place to dwell. Well, it's down at the end of Lonely Street, at Heartbreak Hotel."
Heartbreak can result from the breakup of a romantic relationship, or even the end of a platonic friendship — the heartbreak of having your best childhood pal move to another country can last a long time. The deep sorrow you feel when a loved one dies is an even more lasting and terrible kind of heartbreak. You can also use this word in an exaggerated way: "The soccer team's heartbreak was evident when they lost that match."
WORD FAMILY
heartbreak: heartbreaks
USAGE EXAMPLES
Indeed, Ade wasn't necessarily seeking that mix of hilarity and heartbreak viewers now experience.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
So I put it aside as one of the inevitable heartbreaks.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Two teams with a long history of heartbreak - the Cleveland Indians and Chicago Cubs - matched up for a memorable World Series.
Washington Times(Dec 26, 2016)
Back: n. 心碎，断肠; 极度伤心
v. 使心碎
分布：心碎(93%)，极度伤心(7%)
US ['hɑ:rt-] noun uncountable
■feelings of great sadness or disappointment 心碎，伤心；沮丧
• The kidnap has caused the family months of heartbreak and suffering. 绑架事件使这个家庭几个月都沉浸在伤心和痛苦中。
n. 心碎；伤心事
 - sorrow, sore spot

Word: humpback
Front: humpback
[ˈhʌmpbæk] (21537/36890)
Back: n. 驼背
分布：座头鲸(63%)，驼背(35%)，小鲑鱼(2%)
→hump,驮背，back,背。
n. [外科] 驼背；座头鲸
 - kyphosis, hunchback

Word: holography
Front: holography
[həʊ'lɒgrəfɪ] (36648/-)
Back: n. 全息摄影术，全息术; 全息照相
分布：全息照相术(67%)，雷射摄影术(33%)
全息摄影(holo[holo-表示"全部"]+graphy写→全部写下→全息摄影)
US [hoʊ'lɑ:.grə-] noun uncountable
■the making of holograms 全息摄影术，全息术
n. 全息术； [激光] [摄] 全息摄影；全息照相术
 - hologram photography

Word: heathen
Front: heathen
[ˈhi:ðn] (23740/21688)
Vocabulary: heathen
(once / 376 pages)
nadj
If you don't believe in God — or if you contradict other beliefs of a religion — you are a heathen.
There are plenty of nonbelievers, but a heathen is something more — someone who is actively offensive to a religion. The term is tied to the Gods of Judaism, Christianity and Islam; someone who rejects the various gods of Hinduism, for example, is not likely to be called a heathen. Heathens are sometimes called infidels and pagans. These days, the term is often used humorously. An atheist might jokingly refer to herself as a heathen.
WORD FAMILY
heathen: heathenish, heathenism, heathens+/heathenish: heathenishly/heathenism: heathenisms
USAGE EXAMPLES
The political correctness police are instantly transformed into a phalanx of heathen Scrooges and Grinches.
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
Populists in the California Workingmen’s Party railed against the “heathen Chinese.”
Wall Street Journal(Nov 29, 2016)
“I don’t like to send you to the home of a heathen, but God will protect you,” Papa said.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus(2003)
Back: n. 不信上帝的人; 异教徒; 野蛮人; 未开化的人（常贬）
adj. 异教徒的，无宗教信仰的
分布：异教徒(70%)，异教徒的(30%)
→heath,荒地，荒野，-en,与相关。即荒野居住的人，化外之民，后用于指异教徒，比较pagan.
异教徒(heath荒野;灌木丛)[-en 1.表动词"变成"2.表形容词"由…制成",通常加在名词后面3.表名词"人或物"]
adjective old use disapproving
■(of people or their way of life, activities and ideas) having no religion, or belonging to a religion that is not Christianity, Judaism or Islam 无宗教信仰的；异教徒的
['hi:.ðən] noun countable old use disapproving
■a person who has no religion, or who belongs to a religion that is not Christianity, Judaism or Islam 无宗教信仰的人；（非基督教、犹太教、伊斯兰教的）异教徒
the heathen [plural] old-fashioned
■heathen people 无宗教信仰的人；异教徒
• Those who attempted to convert the heathen were put to death. 那些试图使异教徒改变信仰的人都被处死了。
■humorous
■someone who behaves as if they are not educated 粗鄙的人，盲流
• He's such a heathen - he's never even heard of Puccini. 他真是个盲流，竟然连普契尼的名字也没听过。
n. 异教徒；粗野的人
 - provincial, unbeliever
adj. 异教的；野蛮的
 - wild, brutal

Word: hoyle

Word: husky
Front: husky
[ˈhʌski] (宝 14361/17150 -1)
Vocabulary: husky
(once / 598 pages)
1adj 2adj 3n
If your voice is low and gruff, it's husky. A deep, gravelly voice is husky, and you're husky if you have a large, muscled, heavy body. You might even be a husky person with a husky voice.
When husky is a noun, it's a northern breed of dog that's bred to pull a sled. Your Alaskan Husky could have a husky bark, and your voice might be the result of a bad cold, or it just might be the normal way you speak. The husky that describes a voice comes from husk, in the sense of "dry as a husk." The husky dog's root is from 1850s Canadian English, hoskey, "Eskimo," or "Eskimo dog."
WORD FAMILY
husky: huskier, huskies, huskiest, huskily, huskiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Cormorants gather on a light standard high above the Husky Ballpark next to the Union Bay Natural Area.
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
“People think what they think,” Ms. Bening said with her husky voice.
New York Times(Jan 02, 2017)
The Huskies remain the unanimous No. 1 team in the poll Monday after beating then-No.
Seattle Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Back: adj. 嗓子哑的; 强壮的; 有壳的
n. 哈士奇; 强壮结实的人
级别：huskier, huskiest
分布：哈士奇(32%)，强壮的(26%)，声音沙哑的(17%)，爱斯基摩狗(17%)，强壮的人(8%)
→来自husk,谷壳。即像谷壳一样粗糙的或谷壳磨擦的声音，形容声音沙哑的。husky 哈士奇狗，爱斯基摩犬
【记】husk（n （水果或种子的无价值）外壳或荚）
【参】[corn]seed:husk＝orange:rind [谷物]种子的外壳＝橘子的外皮
【反】delicate（adj 精密的）；husk（n 外壳）－core（n 果核）
adjective
VOICE 嗓音
■(of a person's voice) low and rough, often in an attractive way, or because of illness （人的嗓音）粗哑低沉的，（因病声音）沙哑的
• She's got a nice husky voice - very sexy. 她的声音有些沙哑——非常性感。
• You sound husky - do you have a cold? 你的声音有点沙哑——是不是感冒了？
['hʌs.ki] adjective
STRONG 强壮的 US A husky man or boy is big and strong. （男性）高大健壮的
['hʌs.ki] noun countable
■a large dog with long thick fur, which is used for pulling sledges over the snow 爱斯基摩犬，哈士奇犬
adj. 声音沙哑的；有壳的；强壮的
 - strong, tough
n. 强壮结实之人；爱斯基摩人
 - Esquimau, Inuits

Word: immemorial
Front: immemorial
[ˌɪməˈmɔ:riəl] (宝 23735/20485)
Back: adj. 无法追忆的，远古的
分布：远古的(45%)，极古的(33%)，久远的(22%)
→im-,不，非，memorial,有记忆的。即没有记忆的，远古的。
远古的;无法追忆的(im不+memor+ial→不能记得的→远古的)[memor=memory,表示"记忆"]
【记】memorial（n 纪念物adj 记念的；记忆的）
【反】recent（adj 新近的；近来的）
US [-'mɔ:r.i-] adjective
from/since time immemorial literary
■for a very long time 从很早开始，自古以来
• Her family had farmed that land since time immemorial. 她的家族从很早开始就在那块土地上耕耘了。
■formal
■existing or traditional for an extremely long time 年代久远的；古老的
• She said it was the immemorial custom of the villagers to have a feast after the harvesting. 她说村民在收割之后举行宴会是一个古老的风俗。
adj. 远古的，古老的；无法追忆的
 - old, ancient, primitive

Word: immunodeficiency
Front: immunodeficiency
[ɪˌmju:nəʊdɪˈfɪʃnsi] (24735/28644)
Back: n. 免疫缺陷
分布：免疫缺陷(100%)
→immuno-,免疫，deficiency,缺陷。
US [-noʊ-] specialized
noun uncountable
■when a body is unable to produce enough antibodies to fight bacteria and viruses, often resulting in infection and disease 免疫缺陷

Word: incontinent
Front: incontinent
[ɪn'kɒntɪnənt] (27616/22351)
Vocabulary: incontinent
(once / 3445 pages)
adj
One of the less glamorous parts of parenthood is being responsible for an incontinent newborn who can't control the urge to urinate or defecate.
Incontinent is an adjective that describes someone who “goes to the bathroom” without actually being able to make it to the bathroom. Babies and children are incontinent until they are potty-trained and adults can be incontinent as a result of illness or injury. The -continent part of the word doesn’t have anything to do with geography, but rather is from a Latin word meaning “holding together.”
WORD FAMILY
incontinent: incontinence, incontinency, incontinently+/ continent: continence, continency, continental, continently, continents, incontinent, subcontinent/continental: continentally, intercontinental, transcontinental / incontinence: incontinences/incontinency: incontinencies/ transcontinental: transcontinentally
USAGE EXAMPLES
She did not sleep for more than 30 minutes at a time, and became incontinent.
BBC(Nov 14, 2016)
That was days after her sister, Kicker, gobbled up a pot-infused hard candy she found in the car, leaving her wobbling and incontinent.
Washington Post(Oct 28, 2016)
This wheezing, cranky, incontinent pair of roommates from the Upper West Side are bringing shabbiness back to sanitized, glamorized Times Square.
New York Times(Oct 10, 2016)
Back: adj. （大小便）失禁的; 不能自制的
分布：不能自制的(58%)，立即(42%)
【记】continent（n 大陆；洲；adj 节制的）
US [-'kɑ:n.tə-] adjective
■unable to control the excretion of urine or the contents of the bowels （大小便）失禁的
• Many of our elderly patients are incontinent. 我们许多上年纪的病人都有失禁问题。
• As the illness progressed, she became doubly incontinent (= unable to control the excretion both of urine and the contents of the bowels). 随着病情的恶化，她大小便都失禁了。
adj. 失禁的；不能自制的，无节制的；荒淫的
 - immoderate, unlicensed
adv. 立即，即刻
 - rapidly, directly, straight

Word: impertinent
Front: impertinent
[ɪmˈpɜ:tɪnənt] (托 28609/21868)
Vocabulary: impertinent
(once / 722 pages)
1adj 2adj
If someone's rude without being openly nasty, like a kid in the back row of class quietly heckling his teacher, you can call him impertinent.
Impertinent originally meant just what it sounds like, "not pertinent, irrelevant," but it also came to mean "inappropriate, out of place" and therefore "intrusive, presumptuous; behaving without proper respect; insolent." It still carries a condescending air, so it's best used of or to a child being snippy to a grownup: "Don't be impertinent!" The stress is on the second syllable: im-PERT-inent.
WORD FAMILY
impertinent: impertinence, impertinently+/ impertinence: impertinences/ pertain: pertained, pertaining, pertains, pertinence, pertinency, pertinent /pertinence: pertinences/ pertinent: impertinent, pertinently
USAGE EXAMPLES
And then they were subject to what they are not used to: hard questions some might deem impertinent.
BBC(Dec 05, 2016)
But it’s definitely the kind of outside entertainment that can make a young mind impertinent, skeptical of authority, disinclined to join the rat race.
Los Angeles Times(Oct 31, 2016)
“You are a very naughty and impertinent little boy,” said Uncle Andrew.
C. S. Lewis, The Magician's Nephew(1955)
Back: adj. 无礼的; 莽撞的; 不切题的; 不中肯的
分布：无礼的(44%)，粗鲁的(25%)，鲁莽的(17%)，离题的(14%)
→im-,不，非，pertinent,相关的。即不相关的，引申词义扯远的，过度的，粗鲁的，无礼的。
不相干的;无理的(im不+pertinent恰当的)[tain,ten,tin=hold表示"拿住"]
【记】pertinent（adj 有关的；中肯的）
【反】obeisant（adj 尊敬的）
US [-'pɝ:.tˌən.ənt] adjective
■rude and not respectful, especially towards someone older or in a higher position than you （尤指对年长者或上级）不礼貌的，不敬的
• I hope he didn't think me impertinent when I asked him about his private life. 当我询问他的私生活时，我希望他不要认为我没有礼貌。
• an impertinent remark/question 不礼貌的评论／问题
adj. 不恰当的；无礼的；粗鲁的；不相干的
 - robust, crude, rude

Word: impressionistic
Front: impressionistic
[ˌɪmpreʃəˈnɪstɪk] (21853/20720)
Vocabulary: impressionistic
(once / 19095 pages)
adj
Something impressionistic is based on general ideas or reactions, rather than being rational and completely accurate. Your impressionistic opinions about a political candidate may have more to do with her personality and where she grew up than her official platform.
Impressionistic things originate from a person's impressions — their personal feelings, opinions, or instincts. You can also use this adjective to describe the style of art, music, or writing called impressionism. In painting, this movement was characterized by a style that captured the feeling of a moment rather than being literally realistic. The painter Monet was the first to be called impressionistic, in 1874.
WORD FAMILY
impressionistic: impressionistically+/ impress: impressed, impresses, impressible, impressing, impression, impressive, impressment/ impressed: unimpressed/impressible: impressibly/ impression: impressionable, impressionistic, impressions/ impressionable: unimpressionable/ impressive: impressively, impressiveness, unimpressive/impressment: impressments/unimpressive: unimpressively
USAGE EXAMPLES
A metal ladder climbs the center of many of the impressionistic pictures, some of which are attached directly to the wall.
Washington Post(Dec 15, 2016)
Largely impressionistic, the game deals with all the mixed-up, muddled thoughts of living through a tragedy.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
And for the view of earth from space and impressionistic views from space, Kaufman chose avant-garde San Francisco filmmaker Jordan Belson.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 08, 2016)
Back: adj. 仅凭印象的，主观的
分布：印象派的(41%)，印象主义的(33%)，给人深刻印象的(26%)
adjective
■giving a general view or representation of something instead of particular details or facts 给人大致印象的；不精确的
• The new play at the Youth Theatre is an impressionistic view of life in the fifties. 在青年剧院上演的新戏是对上世纪50年代生活的一种浮光掠影式的再现。
adj. 印象派的；印象主义的；给人深刻印象的
 - imposing

Word: inane
Front: inane
[ɪˈneɪn] (宝 21653/22250)
Vocabulary: inane
(once / 3936 pages)
adj
If something is inane, it's silly or senseless. If you just want to space out, you won't mind the inane chatter on TV, as long as it's on.
Inane comes from the Latin inanis, for empty, and you can think of it as empty-headed. We call something inane if it states the obvious, or is really silly in a way that seems unintelligent. If you give your boss a presentation in a bunny suit and sing a song about being happy, she might say, "Get out of here with your inane bunny act!" Other synonyms are stupid, vacuous, ridiculous, pointless.
WORD FAMILY
inane: inanely, inanest, inanity+/inanity: inanities
USAGE EXAMPLES
But this is an inane analogy, I realize, because I do not want to touch the heart of the matter.
The New Yorker(Dec 25, 2016)
Then he added, “Now ask me some inane questions.”
New York Times(Dec 15, 2016)
Whether winning or losing, Guardiola responds to every inane interrogation with either a deflated sigh, a fuming pause, or a genuinely exasperated “ahferfugssake”.
The Guardian(Dec 15, 2016)
Back: adj. 无意义的，无比愚蠢的
分布：愚蠢的(41%)，无意义的(37%)，空虚的(22%)
→来自拉丁语inanis,空的，虚无的，可能来自in-,不，非，-anis,一，词源同one.引申词义空无一物的，无意义的，愚蠢的。
【记】I一个，nan男，e：一个男的呆着有什么意义？
【参】inanity（n 无意义；空虚；愚蠢）
【反】meaningful（adj 意味深长的）；pregnant（adj 有意义的；怀孕的）substantiated（adj 实体的）；expressive（adj 有表现力的）；significant（adj 有意义的）；weighty（adj 重的，重要的）
adjective
■extremely silly or with no real meaning or importance 极其愚蠢的；无意义的；无聊的
• He's always making inane remarks. 他老是发表愚蠢空洞的言论。
• There are too many inane quiz shows on television these days. 现在电视上无聊的智力游戏节目太多。
adj. 空洞的，空虚的；愚蠢的
 - blank, foolish, stupid, vacant

Word: inhumanity
Front: inhumanity
[ˌɪnhju:ˈmænəti] (24093/21934)
Back: n. 残忍，暴虐，残酷无情的行为
分布：不人道(56%)，残暴(44%)
→in-,不，非，humanity,人性，人道。
US [-ə.tˌi] noun uncountable
■extremely cruel behaviour 残酷，野蛮
• They were accused of inhumanity in their treatment of the hostages. 他们被指控虐待人质。
n. 不人道，无人性；残暴
 - barbarity, devilry

Word: inelastic
Front: inelastic
[ˌɪnɪ'læstɪk] (托 29872/28643)
Back: adj. 无弹性的; 不能适应的; 生硬的; 非弹性的
分布：无弹性的(74%)，无伸缩性的(26%)
【记】elastic（adj 弹性的）
US [-tˌɪk] adjective
■not changing much, or not allowing much change 无变化的，不容许变化的，没有弹性的
• For skilled occupations the supply of labour is typically fairly inelastic, because few workers are capable of doing the work. 对于技术性工作来说，劳动力供应的变化通常是比较小的，因为能胜任工作的工人非常少。
• The demand for services such as water, gas and electricity is relatively inelastic. 对于水、燃气和电力等服务的需求是相对稳定的。
adj. [力] 无弹性的；无适应性的；不能适应的
 - nonelastic, springless

Word: indestructible
Front: indestructible
[ˌɪndɪˈstrʌktəbl] (20106/19085)
Vocabulary: indestructible
(once / 3473 pages)
adj
Something that's indestructible can't be broken or destroyed. Your indestructible winter boots last year after year, stomping through snow and ice and salt without ever falling apart.
Things that are indestructible last for so long that it seems impossible to break them. Your relationship with your best friend might feel indestructible if your bond is strong and true, and your junky old car might also seem indestructible if it never dies no matter how many miles you drive it. The word indestructible comes from Latin roots, the prefix in, or "not," and destruere, "tear down or demolish" or literally "un-build."
WORD FAMILY
indestructible: indestructibility, indestructibly+/ destroy: destroyable, destroyed, destroyer, destroying, destroys, destructible, destruction, destructive, self-destroy/destroyable: undestroyable/destroyed: destroyedest/destroyer: destroyers/destructible: destructibility, indestructible / destruction: destructions, self-destruction/ destructive: destructively, destructiveness, self-destructive
USAGE EXAMPLES
A scientist resists delivering a weapon of mass destruction into totalitarian hands until he is forced to comply, and then sabotages his supposedly indestructible masterpiece.
Salon(Dec 17, 2016)
Or do you need a waterproof and practically indestructible wrapper?
Seattle Times(Dec 14, 2016)
South Africa’s indestructible president survives another bid to oust him.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Back: adj. 不能破坏的，不可毁灭的; 坚不可摧
分布：不易毁坏的(100%)
→in-,不，非，destructible,可破坏的。
adjective
■impossible to destroy or break 不可毁灭的；破坏不了的
• These plastic cups are virtually indestructible. 这些塑胶杯几乎难以销毁。
• Whatever the degradation, the human spirit can be indestructible. 人不管多么落泊，其精神是不可摧毁的。

Word: infallibility
Front: infallibility
[ɪnˌfælə'bɪlətɪ] (25311/34521)
Vocabulary: infallibility
(once / 3984 pages)
n
If you don't make mistakes and you're never wrong, you can claim infallibility. (You're going to have to own up to self-deception, too, because, well, humans make mistakes.)
If you're convinced of the infallibility of your sense of direction, you won't worry at all when you're deep in the dark woods at night and your flashlight dies. Maybe you’ll get out of the woods, but human infallibility usually doesn’t last. You may buy into your economics professor's image of infallibility until he comes to class with mismatched socks and toothpaste on his forehead. Infallibility comes from the Latin fallere, "deceive," and with infallibility, you can't be deceived.
WORD FAMILY
infallibility: infallibilities+/ fallibility: fallibilities/ fallible: fallibility, infallible / infallible: infallibility, infallibly
USAGE EXAMPLES
"These leaders didn’t insist on their own infallibility or claim exclusive power over policy decisions," he said.
Washington Post(Dec 05, 2016)
Zidane’s power, his infallibility, is rooted in his charisma, his status.
New York Times(Dec 02, 2016)
Mourinho’s power has always stemmed from the perception of his infallibility.
New York Times(Sep 23, 2016)
Back: n. 无错误，无过失（性）
分布：绝无错误(80%)，确实性(20%)
绝对可靠,不错(in不+fall错+ibility)[-ibility表名词"具备…性质的"]

Word: juggler
Front: juggler
[ˈdʒʌglə(r)] (21781/32771)
Vocabulary: juggler
(once / 3641 pages)
n
A juggler is someone who can toss and catch several objects at once, always keeping at least one of them in the air at any given moment. If you want to become a juggler, try juggling tennis balls instead of fiery torches.
Watching a juggler perform can be awe-inspiring, especially if she's juggling knives or some other dangerous set of objects. You can become a juggler simply by learning to juggle, and professional jugglers can work for circuses or perform for money at festivals and street fairs. Juggler, jester, and wizard all once shared a meaning as well as a root, the Old English geogelere, "magician or conjurer."
WORD FAMILY
juggler: jugglers+/ juggle: juggled, juggler, jugglery, juggles, juggling/jugglery: juggleries/juggling: jugglings
USAGE EXAMPLES
You’ll get contortionists, aerialists, jugglers and plenty of other circus mainstays — and no scary clowns.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
In the opening scene of “Akhnaten,” Gandini and his fellow jugglers sit upright in profile against the backdrop, mimicking the stiff posture of hieroglyphic figures.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 16, 2016)
He pointed to Douglas’ starring roles as a Holocaust survivor in the 1953 movie “Juggler,” and as Jewish U.S.
Seattle Times(Nov 09, 2016)
Back: n. 玩杂耍的人; 杂耍，把戏
分布：魔术师(64%)，行骗者(21%)，变戏法者(15%)
→来自juggle,玩杂耍。
US [-lɚ] noun countable
■a person who juggles objects in order to entertain people 玩杂耍的人
n. 变戏法的人；骗子
 - fraud, sharp

Word: lacerate
Front: lacerate
[ˈlæsəreɪt] (宝 31623/33699)
Vocabulary: lacerate
(once / 2928 pages)
vadj
The verb lacerate means to cut or tear. So the envelope that gave you that nasty paper cut? It lacerated your finger.
Something usually needs to be sharp or jagged to lacerate you, like broken glass or a sharp stick. You won't be getting lacerated anytime soon by lace or cotton balls, that's for sure. But watch out for sharp-tongued people hurling hateful words your way; those snide remarks and personal digs can lacerate feelings like a knife slicing through butter.
WORD FAMILY
lacerate: lacerated, lacerates, lacerating, laceratingly, laceration +/ laceration: lacerations
USAGE EXAMPLES
In recent weeks, one of Russia’s best-known filmmakers lacerated the work of the center.
Washington Post(Dec 23, 2016)
But it’s her willingness to bring lucid, sometimes lacerating candor to even her most private struggles that will be her most meaningful legacy.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
An exam revealed Zyair suffered a lacerated liver, bruising to his chest and ear and an abrasion over his eye.
Washington Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Back: vt. 撕伤，刮伤; 伤害（感情等）
时态：lacerated, lacerating, lacerates
分布：伤害(59%)，撕裂(14%)，被撕裂的(9%)，裂成碎片的(9%)，受伤的(9%)
→来自拉丁语lacer,割裂，撕碎，来自skel,切，割，词源同scale,shell. 拼写演变参照ring.
割碎;伤害[laver=torn(撕开)]
【记】lace（n 蕾丝花边），rate－穿着lace的女人容易被人撕裂衣服。
【参】laceration（n 破口）
US [-ə.reɪt] formal
verb transitive
■to cut or tear something, especially flesh 划伤，割伤，撕裂（尤指肉）
• The man's face was severely lacerated in the accident. 那名男子的面部在那次意外中被严重划伤。
vt. 伤害，使…痛心；割裂；撕碎
 - knife, injure
adj. 受折磨的；撕碎的
 - harried

Word: lakefront
Front: lakefront
['leɪkˌfrʌnt] (20997/-)
Back: n. 湖滨地带，湖边平地
分布：湖畔(43%)，湖边(38%)，面临湖水之处(19%)

Word: latency
Front: latency
['leɪtənsɪ] (宝 18606/28192)
Vocabulary: latency
(once / 44941 pages)
n
Latency is a noun referring to something inactive, dormant, or lying in wait. It’s the state of not being visibly active yet — like when you're hiding out and waiting to jump up and yell "Surprise!"
Perhaps a little late, perhaps right on time, latency will wake up from its nap eventually. For a characteristic or skill to be in a period of latency, it does have to exist. So you should only use latency to describe your pitching ability if there is a fastball in you somewhere – otherwise, just admit you can’t pitch. If you’re in the lab, latency is also used to describe the period between a stimulus and a response.
WORD FAMILY
latency: latencies+/ latent: latency, latenter, latently
USAGE EXAMPLES
The Translate team began to conduct latency experiments on a small percentage of users, in the form of faked delays, to identify tolerance.
New York Times(Dec 14, 2016)
Cable partisans are already firing back preemptively, insisting that wired will always beat wireless in picture quality, latency, speed.
Wall Street Journal(Oct 25, 2016)
“Some customers may experience increased DNS query latency and delayed zone propagation during this time.”
Wall Street Journal(Oct 21, 2016)
Back: n. 潜伏; 潜在因素
分布：延迟(59%)，潜伏(22%)，潜伏期(19%)
潜伏(期)(latent潜伏的)[-ency,-iency表名词,ence的变体]
【记】读：late死。晚一些才会死去，因为有潜伏期。
【参】latent（adj 潜在的；隐藏的）
【反】manifest（adj 显然的；明白的）
n. [心理] [生理] 潜伏；潜在因素
 - incubation, implicit factor

Word: lewd
Front: lewd
[lu:d] (18097/24591)
Vocabulary: lewd
(once / 2944 pages)
adj
Lewd remarks are sexually inappropriate. Personal and sexually explicit comments might be acceptable when said in private, but they are not all right when said to strangers in public.
Lewd has to do with sexual behavior or remarks that are highly inappropriate or obscene, often because of what's done or said is in public or to someone who does not want that kind of attention. The couple who might make sexually suggestive jokes in private with each other would be completely out of place doing the same thing in the supermarket. What's more, committing a lewd act or making inappropriate comments is socially — and legally — unacceptable, and it can even land the perpetrator in jail.
WORD FAMILY
lewd: lewder, lewdest, lewdly, lewdness+/lewdness: lewdnesses
USAGE EXAMPLES
Then the online attacks began, many too lewd to repeat.
Seattle Times(Dec 27, 2016)
In 1998, George was forced to address the question of his sexuality after being arrested for lewd behaviour in a public toilet in Los Angeles.
BBC(Dec 26, 2016)
Mr. Michael gained notoriety in 1998 after he was arrested in Beverly Hills for engaging in a lewd act alone in a public restroom.
Washington Post(Dec 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 好色的，淫荡的，下流的
分布：淫荡的(100%)
→来自古英语laewede,非神职的，词源可能同lay,laity.后引申词义未受教育的，粗鲁的，淫荡的。词源演变比较villain.
【记】读：流的－流氓的－好色的
[lu:d] disapproving
adjective
■(of behaviour, speech, dress, etc.) sexual in an obvious and rude way 淫秽的，色情的，猥亵的，下流的
• Ignore him - he's being lewd. 别理他——他是个色鬼。
• a lewd suggestion 下流的建议
adj. 淫荡的；猥亵的；下流的
 - blue, dirty, salt

Word: licit
Front: licit
[ˈlɪsɪt] (宝)
Vocabulary: licit
(once / 1451 pages)
adj
Licit things are allowed or legal. Riding your skateboard down the street in your neighborhood is probably licit, but riding it down the subway escalator probably isn't.
The adjective licit isn't as common as its opposite, illicit, or "forbidden" — although the two words are often used together, as when someone talks about or compares licit versus illicit drugs or licit versus illicit actions. In Latin, the root licitus means "lawful," and it's closely related to license, which means "permission or freedom to do something."
WORD FAMILY
licit: illicit, liciter, licitly, licitness+/ illicit: illicitly, illicitness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Supporters of a regulated trade say it could stem poaching by bringing licit supplies directly to the source of demand.
Reuters(Apr 29, 2016)
The nation's borders consist of the land, air and sea ports and approaches through which flow licit and illicit migrants and goods.
US News(Apr 15, 2016)
The Islamic State manufactures improvised threats at an industrial capacity, leveraging a global supply chain of dual-use, licit materials.
Washington Post(Mar 18, 2016)
Back: adj. 合法的，准许的
分布：合法的(84%)，法律准许的(16%)
→来自拉丁语licere,合法的，许可的，词源同illicit,license.
【记】lic＝license一允许的一合法的
adj. 正当的，合法的
 - valid, legal, legitimate, lawful

Word: mane
Front: mane
[meɪn] (12988/15840 -1)
Vocabulary: mane
(once / 1451 pages)
n
Use the noun mane when you talk about an animal's ruff of neck hair. A male lion's mane can be very fluffy and dramatic.
A mane is a patch or growth of long hair, whether it's found on a lion or down the neck of a pony, or even on a human's head. You might stroke a horse's mane while sitting on its back, or you could compliment your friend on her beautiful mane of long blonde hair. The Old English root is manu, which comes from a Proto-Indo-European root, mon, which means "neck" or "nape of the neck."
WORD FAMILY
mane
USAGE EXAMPLES
Mane’s joy was short-lived when he conceded the game’s second penalty by blocking Sebastian Larsson’s free kick with his arm.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
If his former England striker was, once again, Moyes’s saviour, Liverpool’s Sadio Mané discarded two points with a ludicrous handball.
The Guardian(Jan 02, 2017)
The storm-lashed lion whose windblown mane looks like he used too much hair product.
Seattle Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Back: n. （马颈背上、狮子脸部和颈部的）长鬃毛; ; 鬣
分布：浓密的头发(100%)
→来自古英语manu,鬃毛，马鬃，来自Proto-Germanic*mano,来自mon,突起，突出，脖子，脖颈，词源同mountain,eminent.
noun countable
■the long thick hair that grows along the top of a horse's neck or around the face and neck of a lion （马）鬃；（狮）鬣
■thick long hair on a person's head （人的）浓密的长发
• The painting depicts a beautiful young man with a flowing mane of red hair. 画中描绘了一位英俊的年轻人，留着一头飘逸的红色长发。

Word: liven
Front: liven
[ˈlaɪvn] (33110/32916)
Back: vt. & vi. （使）有生气，活跃; 使…活跃（或活泼）起来
时态：livened, liven, livening, livens
分布：活跃(65%)，使高兴(25%)，振奋起来(10%)
→live,活的，-en,使。
verb
  Phrasal Verbs  [M] liven (sth) up
■to become more interesting and exciting, or to make something become like this （给…）增色，（为…）添彩；（使）欢快起来
• A new coat of paint would liven the kitchen up. 新刷一层漆会使厨房鲜亮起来。
• Liven up your meals with fresh herbs and spices. 新鲜的香料和调味品会让饭菜的味道更加鲜美。
• The party livened up as soon as Sally arrived. 莎莉一到，派对立刻活跃了起来。
['laɪ.vən] verb
  Phrasal Verbs  liven (sb) up
■to become more energetic or in a better mood, or to make someone feel this way （使）（某人）振作起来；（使）（某人）快乐起来
• She was a bit subdued to start with, but after a while she livened up. 刚开始的时候，她有点沉默，但过了一阵就活跃起来了。
• [R] I'm going to liven my self up a bit by going for a run. 我要去跑跑步换换心情。
vt. 使高兴，使快活
 - glad, please, satisfy
vi. 快活起来；活跃起来
 - come alive, out of one's shell

Word: manatee
Front: manatee
[ˈmænəti:] (17073/-)
Back: n. 海牛（水生哺乳动物，体宽扁，尾圆，有鳃状肢）
分布：海牛(100%)
→来自西班牙语manati,来自加勒比语manati,乳房，胸部，因该动物圆鼓鼓的形状而得名。可能最终来自自拉丁语manatus,手，词源同manual,因其两片前肢如同一双手而得名。
n. 海牛
 - sea cow, cowfish

Word: materialist
Front: materialist
[məˈtɪəriəlɪst] (20680/16893)
Back: n. 唯物主义者，唯物论者; 物质享乐主义者
分布：唯物主义者(100%)
→来自material,物质，-ist,人。即物质享乐主义者，用于哲学术语指唯物主义者。
唯物主义者(material物质)[-ist表名词"表示信仰,专家或从事某活动的人"以-ist结尾的单词,不少同时可作形容词用]
唯物主义者(的)(material物质)[-ist表名词"表示信仰,专家或从事某活动的人"以-ist结尾的单词,不少同时可作形容词用]
US [-'tɪr.i-] noun countable
MONEY 金钱
■someone who believes that having money and possessions is the most important thing in life 物质主义者（认为拥有金钱和财产是生命中最重要的事）
UK [mə'tɪə.ri.ə.lɪst] US [-'tɪr.i-] noun countable
PHYSICAL 物理的 specialized
■someone who believes that only physical matter exists and the spiritual world does not 唯物主义者，唯物论者
UK [mə'tɪə.ri.ə.lɪst] US [-'tɪr.i-] adjective specialized
■relating to the belief that only physical matter exists 唯物（主义）的

Word: meanness
Front: meanness
[ˈmi:nnɪs] (19328/21894)
Back: n. 卑贱; 吝啬; 劣等; 恶意的行为
分布：吝啬(68%)，低劣(12%)，自私(12%)，卑鄙或恶毒的行为(8%)
noun uncountable
■the quality of being unwilling to give or share things, especially money 吝啬，小器
n. 卑鄙；吝啬；劣等
 - baseness, foulness

Word: matrimonial
Front: matrimonial
[ˌmætrɪˈməʊniəl] (24631/12929)
Vocabulary: matrimonial
(once / 2042 pages)
adj
Anything matrimonial has something to do with marriage or married people. A formal way to say "wedding," for example, would be "matrimonial event."
Marriage is a matrimonial agreement or bond, and the house a newly wed couple moves into can be called a matrimonial home. Matrimonial law governs the rules of marriage — like the license that declares two people legally married, or the age a person must be, legally, to get married. Originally, matrimonial was a noun meaning "a marriage," and then "a classified ad posted by someone seeking a spouse."
WORD FAMILY
matrimonial: matrimonially+/ matrimony: matrimonial, matrimonies
USAGE EXAMPLES
Will such prizes and food-centric matrimonial programmes ultimately yield results?
BBC(Dec 24, 2016)
Mr. Vereen, 70, hired a matrimonial lawyer, John DiMascio of Garden City, on Long Island, who filed papers in Brooklyn for the divorce.
New York Times(Nov 29, 2016)
John Slowiaczek will serve as president of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers.
Washington Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 婚姻的，婚礼的
分布：婚姻的(85%)，夫妇的(15%)
→来自matrimony,婚姻。
(见上,-al...的)婚姻的,结婚的[母matr(i);mater;metro]
US [-'moʊ-] adjective formal
■related to marriage or people who are married 婚姻的；夫妻的
adj. 婚姻的；与婚姻有关的；根据结婚的惯例的
 - married, marital

Word: massif
Front: massif
[mæˈsi:f] (31067/28819)
Back: n. 山丘
分布：断层地块(50%)，山峦(50%)
→来自法语massif,山峦，群山，词源同mass,大块，大团。
noun countable specialized
■a group or area of mountains 山峦；山岳
n. 山丘；断层块；大厦
 - cerro, tepe

Word: minded
Front: minded
[ˈmaɪndɪd] (26593/21155)
Back: adj. 有…思想的
分布：有意的(58%)，动词mind的过去式和过去分词形式.(14%)，意识到某事物的重要性的(14%)，有某种心智的(14%)
adj. 有意的；有思想的；具有意志的
 - intended, willful

Word: misalignment
Front: misalignment
[ˌmɪsə'laɪnmənt] (27471/40604)
Back: n. 未对准; 角误差
分布：不重合(35%)，不对准(26%)，角误差(13%)，偏心率(13%)，误差方向(13%)
n. 不重合；未对准
 - noncoincidence, disalignment

Word: mechanistic
Front: mechanistic
[ˌmekəˈnɪstɪk] (21570/21930)
Back: adj. 机械论学说的，机械论的
分布：机械论的(45%)，机械的(31%)，机械学的(24%)
adjective
■thinking of living things as if they were machines 机械论（者）的
• According to mechanistic views of behaviour, human action can be explained in terms of cause and effect. 根据行为机械论的观点，人类的行为可以用因果关系来解释。

Word: moctezuma

Word: mistrial
Front: mistrial
[ˌmɪsˈtraɪəl] (22535/-)
Vocabulary: mistrial
(once / 34661 pages)
n
When a judge cancels a trial, she declares a mistrial. In other words, she decides that some mistake has been made and the trial must begin again from the start, with a new jury.
There are several reasons that a judge might declare a mistrial, including a hung jury, which is when the jury can't come to a unanimous decision. There might also be misconduct by an attorney, or improperly introduced evidence. A mistrial usually means having to start all over again. The noun mistrial begins with the prefix mis-, which comes from Old English and means "bad or wrong."
WORD FAMILY
mistrial: mistrials+/ retrial: retrials/ retry: retrial, retried, retries, retrying/ trial: mistrial, pretrial, trials/tried: triedest, untried/trier: triers/ try: retry, trial, tried, trier, tries, trying/trying: tryinger, tryingest, tryingly
USAGE EXAMPLES
His trial last summer ended in mistrial and he is scheduled for retrial in February.
Seattle Times(Dec 29, 2016)
The first ended in mistrial in September when jurors couldn’t reach a unanimous verdict.
Seattle Times(Dec 27, 2016)
That led the judge to declare a mistrial.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 无效审判
分布：无效审判(100%)
→mis-,坏的，错的，不好的，trial,审判。即无效审判。
noun countable
■a trial during which a mistake has been made, causing the judgment to have no legal value 无效审判
US
■a trial in which no decision can be reached about whether a person is guilty or not 未决审判

Word: neurone

Word: nettlesome
Front: nettlesome
[ˈnetlsəm] (33015/-)
Back: adj. 恼人的
分布：烦人的(42%)，令人激恼的(35%)，易怒的(23%)
→nettle,荨麻，-some,形容词后缀。即像荨麻一样烦人的。
adj. 令人激恼的；易怒的；烦人的
 - passionate, irascible

Word: mush
Front: mush
[mʌʃ] (19797/32671)
Vocabulary: mush
(once / 2759 pages)
1n 2nv
Mush is a soft, squishy clump of something. That bowlful of mush your grandfather gave you for breakfast might be oatmeal.
Mush is a soggy mass, and cornmeal mush is a kind of porridge that fits this description. Mush is also something so overly sentimental that it's almost disgusting: "Oh, that movie was terrible, just a bunch of romantic mush!" When you use mush as a verb or an exclamation, it's usually in the context of dogsledding, meaning "Go!" or "Move forward!" This last meaning comes from the French marche, "walk" or "go."
WORD FAMILY
mush: mushed, musher, mushes, mushing, mushy +/ musher: mushers/ mushy: mushier, mushiest, mushily, mushiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Perhaps Comey was again trying to keep his agency and himself above the fray, but the FBI’s mush helped Trump dismiss the CIA’s findings.
Washington Post(Dec 21, 2016)
I decided to try mushing eight years ago and I am the first deaf musher.
BBC(Nov 30, 2016)
"Buy the bag with the best sell-by date, avoid lots of mushed leaves and if it's inflated then don't use it."
BBC(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: n. 软而稠的混合物或块，糊状物，玉米粥; 脆弱的感情，感伤的话; 胆怯
vi. 带狗撬在雪上前进
vt. 粉碎
int. 走！
时态：mushed, mushing, mushes
分布：糊状物(33%)，浓粥(26%)，感伤的话(21%)，使成糊状(10%)，走! 前进！(10%)
→来自mash拼写变体。
noun uncountable
SUBSTANCE 物质 informal
■any unpleasant thick soft substance, such as food that has been cooked for too long 烂糊食物；糊状的东西
• If you overcook the cabbage it'll turn to mush. 甘蓝菜煮得太久会烂糊的。
[mʌʃ] noun uncountable
BRAIN 头脑
■If you say your brain has turned to mush it means you cannot think clearly. 头脑不清晰
[mʌʃ] noun uncountable
BOOK/FILM 书籍／电影 informal
■If you describe something such as a book or film as mush, you mean that it is unpleasantly emotional （书籍、电影等）伤感作品，煽情作品
• The film was just romantic mush. 这部电影不过是部浪漫的煽情戏。
n. 感伤的话；浓粥；软块；胆怯
 - timidity, cowardliness
vt. 粉碎
 - comminute, pulverize

Word: newsreel
Front: newsreel
[ˈnju:zri:l] (21486/22779 -2)
Vocabulary: newsreel
(once / 10601 pages)
n
A newsreel is a short, informative documentary film. In the early part of the twentieth century, newsreels were usually shown before movies in theaters.
In the early 1900s, newsreels ran (often along with a cartoon) before a film. During World War Two, newsreels gave movie-goers news about the war as well as current events at home. The word dates from about 1915, from news and reel, the cylinder that film was wound around for being projected onto a screen.
WORD FAMILY
newsreel: newsreels
USAGE EXAMPLES
Six projectors display vintage newsreel footage and dogfight sequences on four large cinema screens that move simultaneously with the audience.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 22, 2016)
My impression is that it was a newsreel, like the ones played before the feature film. History.
Salon(Dec 17, 2016)
Watching wartime newsreels, Adorno concluded that the “culture industry,” as he and Horkheimer called it, was replicating fascist methods of mass hypnosis.
The New Yorker(Dec 05, 2016)
Back: n. 新闻短片
分布：新闻短片(100%)
→news,新闻，reel,卷轴。
US ['nu:z-] noun countable
■a short film that consists of news reports, usually one that was made in the past for showing in a cinema （通常指过去在电影院放映的）新闻短片
• The movie contains some recently discovered newsreel footage of the war. 这部电影中包括一些最近发现的战争新闻短片片段。

Word: natty
Front: natty
[ˈnæti] (宝 30403/33640)
Vocabulary: natty
(once / 4962 pages)
adj
Natty means current in style, both of dress and manners. A natty dresser is someone who is very stylish and has a snappy attitude. He may even be wearing a natty fedora.
Natty is an adjective that comes from the 18th century. Originally it was a slang term, perhaps related to the adjective neat. These days, if you say someone “looks neat,” it might sound like they look clean, but it also can mean that they look fashionable and put together. That’s what natty means, too. Someone who is natty is wearing fashionable clothes and is generally hip.
WORD FAMILY
natty: nattier, nattiest, nattily, nattiness
USAGE EXAMPLES
Gerard: Yeah, I drink Natty on weekends and was president of my fraternity, but I think there’s more to me than that.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
Drenched in Champagne, he looked weirdly natty as he offered a cryptic smile.
New York Times(Oct 12, 2016)
Beneath his natty three-piece suit, Mike Pereira wears thermal underwear.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 23, 2016)
Back: adj. 整洁漂亮的; 潇洒的，灵巧的
级别：nattier, nattiest
分布：整洁的(43%)，整洁时髦的(36%)，机敏的(21%)
→来自neat, 整洁的，整齐的。比较dear,darling.
【记】nat＝neat干净
【反】sloppy（adj 溅污的）；slovenly（adj 懒散的；不修边幅的）
US ['nætˌ-] old-fashioned informal
adjective
■stylish and tidy in every detail 时髦而整洁的
• He's always been a natty dresser. 他总是衣冠楚楚。
adj. 整洁的；敏捷的；考虑周到的；清楚的
 - distinct, clear, sharp, fly, quick

Word: noblesse
Front: noblesse
[nəʊ'bles] (28847/-)
Back: n. 贵族阶级
分布：贵族阶级(50%)，贵族出身(25%)，贵族地位(25%)
n. 高贵；贵族阶级
 - dignity, princeliness

Word: observational
Front: observational
[ˌɔbzəˈveiʃənəl] (13153/16713)
Back: adj. 观察的，观测的
分布：根据观察的(67%)，监视的(33%)
ADJ
(尤指为获取新信息)观察的，观测的
Observational means relating to the watching of people or things, especially in order to learn something new.
例：...observational humour...依靠观察发掘的幽默
例：The observational work is carried out on a range of telescopes.观测工作借助于各种望远镜。
adj. 观测的；根据观察的
 - scanning

Word: oatmeal
Front: oatmeal
[ˈəʊtmi:l] (宝 10945/20516 -1)
Vocabulary: oatmeal
(once / 2922 pages)
n
Use the word oatmeal for ground, crushed, or cut oats — or to mean the hot cereal made from cooking these processed oats. You might prefer your oatmeal with brown sugar and raisins.
Oatmeal is a porridge or hot cereal, a tasty breakfast especially in the winter months. It's also the name of the meal that you need to boil in water or milk to make a bowl of oatmeal. As well as the breakfast dish, you can make things like bread, cookies, and pancakes with oatmeal. In Scotland, oatmeal has long been the major grain, and as a result oatmeal is an ingredient in many traditional foods, from gruel and oatcakes to haggis.
WORD FAMILY
oatmeal: oatmeals
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her signature item is the best-selling oatmeal marshmallow cookie — soft oatmeal cookies sandwiching a generous dollop of fluff.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
She said she planned to file a new disclosure including the Coca-Cola grant and funding from Quaker Oats owner PepsiCo for an oatmeal study.
Seattle Times(Dec 21, 2016)
Such dough – common for sugar cookies, ginger cookies, oatmeal or chocolate chip cookies – will keep its crunch the longest.
Seattle Times(Dec 09, 2016)
Back: n. 燕麦片
分布：燕麦片(56%)，燕麦粥(42%)，浅棕色(2%)
→oat,燕麦，meal,粉。
US ['oʊt-] noun uncountable
■a type of flour made from oats 燕麦粉
• oatmeal porridge 燕麦粥
US for
■ porridge (FOOD) 燕麦粥
n. 燕麦粥； [食品] 燕麦片
 - rolled oats, cornmeal

Word: obverse
Front: obverse
[ˈɒbvɜ:s] (宝 35301/24947)
Vocabulary: obverse
(once / 15350 pages)
n
The obverse is the main, or primary, side of something that has two sides. The obverse of a quarter is the side with the handsome profile of George Washington on it.
Obverse is very often used to mean "the front of a coin or medal," although you can also use it to describe the principal or more obvious side of anything with a front and a back. Confusingly, this word also means "the opposite," as in, "Your messy room is the obverse of your idea of yourself as a tidy person." The Latin root helps to explain this seeming conflict between meanings — obversus means both "directed toward" and "turned against."
WORD FAMILY
obverse: obverses
USAGE EXAMPLES
We recently watched the excellent documentary “Minimalism,” which is either the obverse of Hallmark’s conservative messaging or runs parallel to it.
Salon(Jan 02, 2017)
If it is hot, the obverse choice is not so easy to make.
Economist(Aug 31, 2016)
This undated image provided by Heritage Auctions shows the obverse, front, of a 1792 "Birch Cent."
US News(Aug 10, 2016)
Back: n. 对立面; 前面或上面; 钱币或奖章的正面; 对应部分
分布：对应面的(41%)，正面的(33%)，对应面(13%)，较明显的一面(13%)
→ob-,向前，朝向，-verse,转，词源同versus,converse.即向前转，引申词义对立面，正面。
【记】ob，verse转一转到外面一正面
【参】reverse（n 反面）
US [ɑ:b'vɝ:s] formal
noun uncountable
■the other side of something; opposite 对立面；反面
• False humility and its obverse, arrogance, are equally unpleasant. 假谦虚和与之相对应的傲慢同样令人反感。
• Of course, the obverse of the theory may also be true. 当然，与这个理论相反的理论可能也正确。
the obverse specialized
■the front side of a coin which has the main picture on it （硬币的）正面
n. 正面；对立面；主要的一面
 - opposite, facade
adj. 正面的； [植] 倒转的；对应面的
 - front, full-face

Word: officiate
Front: officiate
[əˈfɪʃieɪt] (16985/20712)
Vocabulary: officiate
(once / 2233 pages)
v
To officiate is to preside over a ceremony, or to be the person in charge. At most weddings, a religious leader or judge officiates.
A rabbi might officiate during your cousin's wedding, or the happy couple might ask a friend to officiate. When an official acts in some official way, they also officiate. A referee, for example, officiates at a hockey game, and a town's mayor might officiate at the grand opening of a new library. Officiate, as of the seventeenth century, mainly meant "perform the duty of a priest," from the Latin root officium, "kindness," or "official duty," and also "church service."
WORD FAMILY
officiate: officiated, officiates, officiating, officiation+/ office: officer, offices, official, officiate / officer: officered, officering, officers/ official: officialdom, officialise, officialize, officially, officials, semiofficial, unofficial/officialdom: officialdoms/officialise: officialised/officialize: officialized/semiofficial: semiofficially/unofficial: unofficially
USAGE EXAMPLES
He was surprised Reggie Bush wasn’t on the field at some critical moments, and he was disappointed by defensive and officiating breakdowns.
Los Angeles Times(Jan 01, 2017)
Marshall Goldsmith, an executive coach, author and lifelong family friend of Ms. Kerr, officiated.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Her pop-up wedding company, Flora Pop, employs a trailer she built with all the fixings for actual weddings, and she is licensed to officiate.
Wall Street Journal(Dec 27, 2016)
Back: vi. 行使（职务）; 主持（宗教仪式）
时态：officiated, officiating, officiates
分布：执行职务(100%)
→来自office,办公室，办公地，-ate,使。引申词义履行职责，履行职务，主持等。
[ə'fɪʃ.i.eɪt] formal
verb intransitive
■to be in charge of or to lead a ceremony or other public event 主持（仪式或其他公众活动）
• A priest officiated at the wedding. 一位神父主持了婚礼。
vt. 主持（仪式）；行使（职务）；担任裁判
 - host, to chair

Word: ornery
Front: ornery
[ˈɔ:nəri] (22589/-)
Vocabulary: ornery
(once / 13955 pages)
adj
To be ornery is to be grumpy and hard to please. Oscar the Grouch? Definitely ornery.
The adjective ornery sprung up in the early 19th century when people started pronouncing ordinary with an accent. The root of ordinary is the Latin word for “order,” and if you disrupt the orderly existence of an ornery person, prepare to get yelled at. A person can have a consistently ornery personality, or maybe you’re feeling ornery today because you skipped breakfast. Some synonyms for ornery are cantankerous and crotchety, words that sound as grumpy as the people they describe.
WORD FAMILY
ornery: orneriness
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Here’s a picture of Steve, the ornery teenager,” Kerr-Adams said on a recent Sunday afternoon, stopping in a hallway lined with family photographs.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
“There’s no two teams in the league that play the same way. It’s big-bodied, mean-spirited, ornery, skillful hockey. It’s really amazing.”
Seattle Times(Dec 20, 2016)
It’s about coal, but also about being ornery and oppositional.
Washington Post(Dec 06, 2016)
Back: adj. 脾气坏的
分布：脾气坏的(67%)，故意刁难的(33%)
→来自ordinary方言缩写，词义由普通的引申为劣质的，粗糙的，后用于形容人脾气坏的，闹别扭的。
US ['ɔ:r-] US
adjective
■likely to get angry and argue with people 脾气坏的；爱争吵的
• He had been in an ornery mood all day, rowing with his wife and his boss. 他一整天脾气都很坏，和妻子及老板都发生了争吵。
adj. 坏脾气的；低劣的
 - mean, base

Word: omnivorous
Front: omnivorous
[ɒmˈnɪvərəs] (宝 30799/39769)
Vocabulary: omnivorous
(once / 13988 pages)
adj
An omnivorous animal eats meat and plants — everything on the menu.
The word omnivorous wears its meaning on its sleeve: omni means "all" and vorare is "to devour" and it all comes together in the Latin word omnivorus — "all-devouring." Rarr! Polar bears are omnivorous, while pandas are herbivorous (eat only plants). People love to say they're carnivorous (eat only meat) when they're probably really omnivorous (unless they really do kick the French fries off the plate every time). Since omnivorous means to "devour everything," you can use it to describe someone with a very curious mind, who wants to "devour" everything with their brain, but not with their teeth.
WORD FAMILY
omnivorous: omnivorously
USAGE EXAMPLES
The researchers think the toothed juveniles were probably omnivorous meat-eaters.
BBC(Dec 22, 2016)
The omnivorous birds eat berries, roots, insects, frogs, small animals and waste grains, according to the DNR literature.
Washington Times(Dec 03, 2016)
Ronen Givony, who founded the omnivorous concert series Wordless Music, is often surprised that he’s the first to pounce on a new musical opportunity.
New York Times(Nov 17, 2016)
Back: adj. （尤指动物）杂食性的; 肉草兼食的; 对任何事物均感兴趣的; 什么书都看的
分布：杂食的(78%)，涉猎广泛的(22%)
杂食性的(omni全部+vor+oue→什么都吃→杂食性的)[vor=eat,表示"吃"]
US [ɑ:m'nɪv.ɚ-] adjective
■naturally able to eat both plants and meat 杂食性的
• Pigs are omnivorous animals. 猪是杂食动物。
Compare carnivorous , herbivorous enthusiastic and interested in many different areas of a subject 兴趣广泛的
• an omnivorous reader 涉猎广泛的读者

Word: pahlavi

Word: onstage
Front: onstage
[ˌɒnˈsteɪdʒ] (7848/28708 -1)
Vocabulary: onstage
(once / 3237 pages)
advadj
When you do something onstage, you do it in front of an audience. Onstage tap dancing can be exhilarating to watch if the dancers are good, or embarrassing if they're not.
An onstage mistake, like a forgotten line or a dropped prop, can sometimes be concealed by quick-thinking actors. Your role in the school play might turn out not to have any lines at all, but to involve your character lurking around onstage looking mysterious. The opposite of onstage is offstage, meaning things that occur where the audience can't see them.
WORD FAMILY
onstage
USAGE EXAMPLES
The day I arrived in Bamako, Toumani was playing in a club, and he invited me to play onstage.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
He seems to treat the audience and other characters onstage with the same frank good manners.
New York Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Is it a tragedy or a triumph for you that Baker gets back onstage?
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 台上的，台上演出的
adv. 上台，上场
分布：在台上(37%)，台上的(30%)，舞台表演区的(11%)，在舞台表演区(11%)，台上演出的(11%)
US ['ɑ:n-] adverb adjective
■onto or on a stage for a performance 上台演出（的），上场（的）； 在台上表演（的）
• The audience cheered as the band walked onstage for another encore. 乐队应观众的要求走上舞台又加演一曲时，观众们欢呼了起来。
• onstage violence 舞台暴力

Word: peroxide
Front: peroxide
[pəˈrɒksaɪd] (18939/17208)
Back: n. 过氧化氢; 过氧化物
vt. 用过氧化氢漂白（头发等）
时态：peroxided, peroxiding, peroxides
分布：过氧化物(100%)
→per-,完全的，用于化学术语超过的，最大量的，oxide,氧化物。
US [pə'rɑ:k-] noun countable or uncountable
■a liquid chemical used to make hair very pale in colour or to kill bacteria 过氧化氢，双氧水
• Peroxide is a bleach and an antiseptic. 双氧水既是漂白剂又是消毒剂。
• Peroxides are found in household detergents. 家用洗涤剂里含有过氧化氢。
• She has dyed her brown hair peroxide blonde. 她把自己的棕色头发用双氧水染成了金色。
n. [化学] 过氧化氢；过氧化物
 - oxyful, hyperoxide

Word: penumbra
Front: penumbra
[pəˈnʌmbrə] (宝 28764/41556)
Vocabulary: penumbra
(once / 27360 pages)
n
When you measure your shadow to calculate the angle of the sun in the sky, be sure to measure to the edges of your shadow, to the penumbra, the part of a shadow that is not as dark as the center.
You're likely to come across penumbra most often in astronomy, as with an eclipse, where shadow is a defining feature. In a lunar eclipse, the edge of the earth's shadow — the part that isn't fully dark — is its penumbra. Sun spots also have a penumbra, the outer edge that's not quite as dark as the center. The word comes from the Latin root umbra, which means "shadow." The pen part means "almost," so a penumbra is "almost shadow."
WORD FAMILY
penumbra: penumbrae, penumbras
USAGE EXAMPLES
Much of the Alt-Right’s output will seem indecipherably weird to those unfamiliar with the darker penumbras of popular culture.
Economist(Sep 15, 2016)
But such moments were tempered by the long penumbra cast by Everest, which seemed to recede little with the passage of time.
Jon Krakauer, Into Thin Air(1996)
Democrats have no intention of letting Republicans escape from the penumbra of Mr. Trump.
New York Times(Jul 17, 2016)
Back: n. 黑影周围的半阴影; 半影; 边缘; 外围
分布：半阴影(80%)，边缘部分(20%)
→来自拉丁语paene,几乎，接近，umbra,阴影，全影，词源同umbrella.
半影(pen接近+umbra→接近影子的状态→半影)[umbr=shadow表示"影子"]
【记】pen差不多，umbra影子－差不多是影子－半明半暗之处
【参】adumbrate（v 画轮廓；预示）；umbrella（n 雨伞）

Word: peri
Front: peri
['pɪərɪ] (42047/-)
Back: n. 妖精; 美女; 仙女
pref. 周围; 附近; 环绕
分布：仙女(31%)，周围(21%)，妖精(18%)，附近(12%)，环绕(12%)，美女(6%)
n. 妖精；美人；仙女
 - beauty, fair

Word: pathogenic
Front: pathogenic
['pæθə'dʒenɪk] (21077/28600)
Vocabulary: pathogenic
(once / 24370 pages)
adj
Something that's pathogenic makes you sick, like a virus you pick up after riding on a bus full of coughing people.
Pathogenic is a medical term that describes viruses, bacteria, and other types of germs that can cause some kind of disease. The flu, various parasites, and athlete's foot fungus are all considered to be pathogenic. This word has been used since the late 1800s to mean "producing disease," from the French pathogénique, which in turn came from the Greek word for "disease," pathos.
WORD FAMILY
pathogenic: pathogenically+/ pathogen: pathogenic, pathogens
USAGE EXAMPLES
The most plausible candidates are a pathogenic microorganism, a combination of such microbes or perhaps a shortage of microorganisms that lower levels of inflammation.
Nature(Dec 20, 2016)
It was a small study involving only four women carrying the pathogenic genes.
Washington Post(Nov 30, 2016)
Many potentially pathogenic cellular processes have been implicated, but we still do not know which, if any, are actually involved.
Nature(Nov 29, 2016)
Back: adj. 引起疾病的
分布：致病的(100%)
adj. [病理] [医] [基医] 致病的；病原的；发病的（等于pathogenetic）
 - morbific, disease-producing

Word: pedlar
Front: pedlar
['pedlə(r)] (六 -/23386)
Back: n. 流动小贩，商贩; 传播者
分布：小贩(100%)
→来自peddler拼写变体。
US [-lɚ] noun countable See peddler
n. [贸易] 小贩；传播者（等于peddler）
 - peddler, conveyor

Word: personification
Front: personification
[pəˌsɒnɪfɪˈkeɪʃn] (宝 17240/20253)
Vocabulary: personification
(once / 3167 pages)
n
Personification means "giving humans qualities to an abstract idea," as in a movie villain who is the personification of evil.
You can use the noun personification in two ways. In the first, a person who is known for a certain quality, like wisdom, is said to represent that quality in a way any can understand, like a patient, generous person who is the personification of kindness. On the other hand, personification can give human qualities to something that isn’t human. For example, you might say, “The sea is angry,” assigning it a human emotion.
WORD FAMILY
personification: personifications+/depersonalise: depersonalisation, depersonalising/depersonalize: depersonalization, depersonalized, depersonalizing/ impersonal: impersonally/ interpersonal: interpersonally/nonperson: nonpersons/ person: foreperson, nonperson, personable, personal, personhood, personify, persons, unperson/ personable: personableness, personabler, personably/ personal: impersonal, interpersonal, nonpersonal, personalise, personality, personalize, personally, personals/personalise: depersonalise, personalised, personalising/ personality: personalities/personalize: depersonalize, personalized, personalizes, personalizing/ personify: personification, personified, personifies, personifying/unperson: unpersons
USAGE EXAMPLES
With the incessant stream of Bowie the New Yorker articles, he must be the personification of "New York" values.
New York Times(Jan 27, 2016)
From a giggly teen viewpoint, “guilty feet” was a hilariously maladroit personification, too fleshy and too cerebral all at once.
Slate(Dec 27, 2016)
In Trump we see a perfect fusion of the two main uses of celebrity culture: corporate personification and mass distraction.
The Guardian(Dec 20, 2016)
Back: n. 人格化; 拟人化
分布：化身(60%)，拟人(28%)，典型(7%)，具体化(5%)
N-SING
体现某种品质（或特点）的人；典型；化身
If you say that someone is the personification of a particular thing or quality, you mean that they are a perfect example of that thing or that they have a lot of that quality.
例：Janis Joplin was the personification of the '60s female rock singer...贾尼斯·乔普林是20世纪60年代摇滚女歌手的代表。
例：He was usually the personification of kindness.他通常都很和善。
N-VAR
拟人化；象征
A personification of something abstract is its representation in the form of a person.
例：...personifications of the attributes of Justice, Prudence and Truth.正义、审慎和真理的化身
n. 人格化；化身；拟人法（一种修辞手法）；象征
 - symbol, picture, significant, indication, pink

Word: poseidon
Front: poseidon
[pɔˈsaidən] (-/27449)
Back: n. 海神; [电影]海神号
分布：名词(100%)

Word: playmate
Front: playmate
[ˈpleɪmeɪt] (高 14534/21857)
Vocabulary: playmate
(once / 1811 pages)
n
A playmate is a child's pal or buddy. If you grew up in a rural area, far from your closest neighbors, your main playmates may have been your own brothers and sisters.
Parents worry when their kids don't have many playmates — although some children simply prefer solitary activities to group games with friends. Babysitting one little girl might seem like an easy job, until six of her favorite playmates come over to play hide-and-seek indoors. Playmate was coined in the 1600s, from play and mate, "comrade or companion."
WORD FAMILY
playmate: playmates
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her mother was such an enthusiastic playmate that other children asked to join.
New York Times(Jan 12, 2012)
“I’m the oldest living Playboy Playmate,” she proudly tells people.
Washington Times(Dec 25, 2016)
“You don’t need a playmate every day,” Dr. Tang said.
New York Times(Dec 22, 2016)
Back: n. 一起玩耍的朋友，游戏的伙伴
分布：玩伴(81%)，游伴(19%)
noun countable
■a friend, especially another child, who a child often plays with 玩伴
• We were childhood playmates. 我们小时候是一起玩耍的伙伴。
■a woman who is shown in photographs in newspaper and magazines wearing few clothes 玩伴女郎（报纸或杂志照片上的女人，几乎不穿衣服）
• She is a former Playboy playmate. 她以前是《花花公子》的模特儿。
informal
■someone's sexual partner 某人的性伴侣

Word: plutocracy
Front: plutocracy
[plu:ˈtɒkrəsi] (宝 39627/48344)
Vocabulary: plutocracy
(once / 11036 pages)
n
In a plutocracy, the people are ruled by the wealthy few. A plutocracy is very different from a democracy, in which in person's vote counts equally.
Whenever you see the suffix -cracy, you know you're dealing with a form of rulership or government. The first part of the word comes from the Greek ploutos, meaning wealth. Put them together, and you get plutocracy, a government ruled by the rich. How does this differ from, say, an aristocracy? Well, the truth is that it isn't very different. Members of the aristocracy tend to be rich, but their money tends to be "old money." In a pure plutocracy, even the overnight billionaire can be a ruler.
WORD FAMILY
plutocracy: plutocracies, plutocratic+/ plutocrat: plutocracy, plutocrats/plutocratic: plutocratical, plutocratically
USAGE EXAMPLES
He imagines a plutocracy shut away “in gated communities or in elite cities, perhaps guarded by autonomous military robots and drones.”
The New Yorker(Dec 11, 2016)
He also has business dealings around the globe, including countless hidden partnerships with other members of the global plutocracy.
Salon(Oct 30, 2016)
The true constitution is plutocracy tempered by scandal.
The Guardian(Oct 26, 2016)
Back: n. 富豪统治，财阀统治; 富豪[财阀]统治集团，富豪，财阀
分布：富豪阶级(60%)，富豪或财阀统治的国家(20%)，富豪或财阀统治(20%)
→pluto-,财富，-cracy,统治，词源同democracy.
财阀统治(pluto财富+cracy)[cracy=rule,表示"统治或政体";crat=ruler,表示"统治者"]
【记】pluto财富，cracy统治－财阀统治源于：Plutus普路托斯－希腊神话中的财神plu＝plus，to头，cracy统治：加一个头的统治－有钱，又克隆了一个头来统治你－财阀统治
US [-'tɑ:.krə-] noun
uncountable
■a system of government in which the richest people in a country rule or have power 财阀当政，富豪政治
• It's time we put an end to plutocracy. 到了该终结财阀统治的时候了。
countable
■a country where the richest people have power 富豪（或财阀）统治的国家
UK [plu:'tɒk.rə.si] US [-'tɑ:.krə-] noun
only singular [+ sing/pl verb]
■the richest people in a country who have power in it 富豪（或财阀）统治阶级

Word: plutocratic

Word: qualifier
Front: qualifier
[ˈkwɒlɪfaɪə(r)] (15614/13253 -2)
Vocabulary: qualifier
(once / 4698 pages)
1n 2n
If person is a qualifier, they've done well enough at some sport or activity to make it into an important competition. Qualifiers have made it into the big league.
When a word, rather than a person or a team, is described as a qualifier, it means that it modifies another word. Grammatical qualifiers are often adjectives. In the sentence "That is a fluffy cat," the word fluffy is a qualifier, attributing a specific quality to the word cat. The root of qualifier is the Latin qualis, "Of what sort?"
WORD FAMILY
qualifier: qualifiers+/ disqualification: disqualifications/disqualify: disqualification, disqualified, disqualifies, disqualifying/ qualification: qualifications/ qualified: qualifiedly, unqualified / qualify: disqualify, qualification, qualified, qualifier, qualifies, qualifying/qualifying: qualifyings/ unqualified: unqualifiedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
On Sunday, they’re competing to become a rare NFL species: a back-to-back playoff qualifier that failed to reach 10 victories in either season.
Washington Post(Dec 30, 2016)
In the AFC, the six qualifiers are set, but four teams are playing for positioning.
Washington Times(Dec 30, 2016)
And yet with the World Cup qualifiers ahead there were encouraging signs.
The Guardian(Dec 29, 2016)
Back: n. 合格者，已取得资格的人; [语]修饰语; 预选赛，资格赛
分布：限定符(90%)，合格者(8%)，限定句(2%)
US ['kwɑ:.lɪ.faɪ.ɚ] noun countable
GET INTO COMPETITION 参赛
■a team or person who has won part of a competition and is therefore competing in the next part of it 初胜的人（或队），入围者
• The qualifiers from the first round will go into the quarter final. 通过第一回合比赛者将进入四分之一决赛。
■a game from which the winner will go on to compete in the next part of a competition 预赛，淘汰赛
• Belgium and Italy are playing in tonight's qualifier. 比利时队和义大利队将在今晚的预赛中交手。
UK ['kwɒl.ɪ.faɪ.ər] US ['kwɑ:.lɪ.faɪ.ɚ] noun countable
GRAMMAR 文法 specialized
■in grammar, a word or phrase which limits the meaning of another word or phrase, or makes it less general, such as an adjective or adverb 修饰词，修饰语；限定语
n. [计] [语] 限定词，限定语；取得资格的人；修饰语
 - determinator, definitive

Word: puller
Front: puller
['pʊlə] (27448/42266)
Back: n. 拉的人，划手
分布：拉的人(72%)，划手(28%)
n. 拉的人，拉具；吸引人的东西，招揽顾客的东西
 - lodestone, loadstone

Word: quayside
Front: quayside
[ˈki:saɪd] (45563/15827)
Back: n. 码头周围
分布：码头周围(100%)
noun countable usually singular
■the edge of a quay, near the water 码头区，泊岸
• The animals were unloaded on/at the quayside. 动物在码头被卸下。

Word: quadrillion
Front: quadrillion
[kwɒˈdrɪljən] (34325/-)
Vocabulary: quadrillion
(once / 68320 pages)
n
It's a little time consuming to write out the number one quadrillion, since it's a one and fifteen zeros.
It's probably a good time to brush up on big numbers, now that billions and even trillions are bandied about as if they were mere dozens. A quadrillion is one followed by fifteen zeroes. If you're looking for a mnemonic, the root word, quad, "four" from the Latin quadri, refers to the number of groups of three zeroes that follow one thousand.
WORD FAMILY
quadrillion: quadrillions, quadrillionth+/quadrillionth: quadrillionths
USAGE EXAMPLES
But trying to predict that mass by calculating it yields a number about 10 quadrillion times larger than its actual value.
Economist(Nov 10, 2016)
The cluster, Abell S1063, is a behemoth that stretches about 20 million light-years across and weighs about four quadrillion times more than the sun.
National Geographic(Jul 21, 2016)
The EU should fine google a billion trillion quadrillion million million trillion dollars a minute times a quintillion per second.
New York Times(Apr 20, 2016)
Back: n. 千的五次方，百万的四次方
adj. 千的五次方的
分布：千的五次方(60%)，千之五次方的(40%)
→quadr-,四，-illion,百万，缩写自million.此处为million乘以三次1000.比较billion,trillion.

Word: recollect
Front: recollect
[ˌrekəˈlekt] (研四六 17984/14189)
Vocabulary: recollect
(once / 140 pages)
v
To recollect is to remember. You might struggle to recollect your high school French but have no trouble recollecting every ingredient in your dad's cinnamon roll recipe.
If you ask your grandfather to recollect his experiences in high school, you want him to remember some great stories from his youth. The Latin root word, recolligere, means "to collect again," from the prefix re, "again," and colligere, "gather or collect." You can think of recollect as meaning "to gather again from your memory."
WORD FAMILY
recollect: recollected, recollecting, recollection, recollective, recollects+/ collect: collectable, collected, collectible, collecting, collection, collective, collector, collects, recollect / collected: collectedly, self-collected, uncollected/collectible: collectibles, uncollectible/collecting: collectings/ collection: collections/ collective: collectively, collectives, collectivise, collectivism, collectivize/collectivise: collectivisation, collectivised/ collectivism: collectivisms, collectivist, collectivistic/collectivist: collectivists/collectivistic: collectivistically/collectivization: collectivizations/collectivize: collectivization, collectivized, collectivizing/collector: collectors/ recollection: recollections
USAGE EXAMPLES
“It’s funny,” he says, “what a young man recollects.”
Los Angeles Times(Dec 24, 2016)
He recollected his thought back then: “‘What the hell are we talking about?’”
Washington Post(Nov 22, 2016)
Through these objects, recollected dialogue and his own powers of speculation, Chabon constructs a loving, partial portrait of an unlikely, volatile and durable marriage.
New York Times(Nov 18, 2016)
Back: vt. 记起，想起
v. 想起; 回想，追忆，回忆，记忆; 使（自己）想起一时忘掉的事; 想到
时态：recollected, recollecting, recollects
分布：回忆(52%)，回想(30%)，记起(18%)
→re-,向后，往回，collect,收集，想起。
回想起;振作(re重新+collect→[记忆]重新集中→回想到)[lect,lig=choose,gather表示"选择,收集"]
v.回忆,想起,记起,忆起,记得In the college, I alleged that I recollected the dialog in dialect about the dial collection.在学院里我宣称忆起关于收集到度盘用方言进行的对话.
[ˌrek.ə'lekt] formal
verb intransitive or transitive
■to remember something 回忆；想起；记起
• Can you recollect his name? 你能记起他的名字吗？
• As far as I can recollect, his name is Edward. 我记得他的名字叫爱德华。
• [+ (that)] She suddenly recollected (that) she had left her handbag in the restaurant. 她突然想起她把手提包忘在餐厅里了。
• [+ question word] Do you recollect wh ere she went? 你记得她去哪里了吗？
• [+ -ing verb] He does not recollect seeing her at the party. 他不记得在派对上见过她了。
v. 回忆，想起
 - think of, live over

Word: resister
Front: resister
[rɪˈzɪstə(r)] (27188/38307)
Back: n. 抵抗者，反抗者
分布：抵抗者(100%)
n. 抵抗者；反抗者；电阻器
 - mutineer, electrical resistor

Word: rediscovery
Front: rediscovery
[ˌri:dɪ'skʌvərɪ] (21981/22712)
Back: n. 重新发现
分布：重新发现(100%)

Word: ravish
Front: ravish
[ˈrævɪʃ] (托宝 26986/25567)
Vocabulary: ravish
(once / 1611 pages)
1v 2v
If you are ravished by a piece of music, you are overcome with intense feeling while listening to it. The older meaning of ravish is to overcome by physical assault (especially sexual assault) and is still sometimes used.
Ravish is a verb of contrasts, having two meanings that, while both dealing with emotional issues, are polar opposites — the first being to fill with joy, the second being to assault and violate a woman against her will. The history of ravish began with the negative connotation — that of seizing by violence and carrying someone, usually a woman, away. It comes from the Latin rapere, although the meaning wasn't always sexual violation — the idea of rape didn't appear until the mid-15th century.
WORD FAMILY
ravish: ravished, ravisher, ravishes, ravishing, ravishment+/ravisher: ravishers/ ravishing: ravishingly/ravishment: ravishments
USAGE EXAMPLES
You emerge from the experience feeling slightly dazed and disoriented, but also deeply and thoroughly ravished.
Los Angeles Times(Nov 24, 2016)
But its look, as The Times’s technology columnist David Pogue put it in his review, was “ravishing.”
New York Times(Oct 24, 2016)
This is a movie that tries to ravish your senses so thoroughly you may not notice its sleights of hand.”
Los Angeles Times(Oct 23, 2016)
Back: vt. 使欣喜若狂，使着迷，使心醉
时态：ravished, ravishing, ravishes
分布：强奸(61%)，抢夺(26%)，使 ... 狂喜(13%)
→来自古法语 ravir,抓住，抓走，来自拉丁语 rapere,抓走，夺走，词源同 rape,rapt.-ish,动词后 缀。引申词义使销魂，使狂喜。
抢夺(rav+ish表动词)[Rap,rapt,rav=snatch,表示"捕,夺"]
verb
PLEASURE 愉快
transitive usually passive literary
■to give great pleasure to someone 使狂喜；使陶醉；使销魂
• I was utterly ravished by the way she smiled. 她嫣然一笑令我销魂。
['ræv.ɪʃ] verb
FORCE 强迫
transitive old use
■to force a woman to have sex against her wishes 强奸
vt. 强夺；强奸；使着迷
 - take by storm, spoliate

Word: rigmarole
Front: rigmarole
[ˈrɪgmərəʊl] (宝 35339/33167)
Vocabulary: rigmarole
(once / 14432 pages)
n
Rigmarole is a good word for talking about situations that involve filling out confusing forms, standing in lines, or following complex rules.
Getting a driver's license, enrolling for college classes, and applying for a visa to travel abroad can all feel like rigmarole. In the 1700s, rigmarole meant "a long rambling discourse." It's thought to be a shortened form of ragman roll, which was a long legal document sewn into a roll in thirteenth century England and Scotland.
WORD FAMILY
rigmarole: rigmaroles
USAGE EXAMPLES
The rigmarole outside was silly, Mr. Singleton said, because the election was over.
New York Times(Nov 16, 2016)
She added, “The whole thing is a rigmarole.”
Washington Post(Nov 03, 2016)
Sunday night’s presidential debate is a so-called town hall—a format that shrinks electoral rigmarole down to faux-intimate scale.
Slate(Oct 07, 2016)
Back: n. 繁琐的程序，费时的手续; 冗长杂乱的讲述
分布：冗长无聊的废话(50%)，=rigamarole.(25%)，复杂繁琐的手续(25%)
→改写自 ragman roll,长条清单或目录。字面意思为收破烂的铺盖卷，在 15 世纪时用于指列举 犯罪清单的法律文件，词源不详。
US [-roʊl] noun uncountable disapproving
■a long set of actions or words without any real purpose （毫无意义的）繁琐费时的手续；冗长的废话
• The customs officials made us go through the (whole) rigmarole of opening up our bags for inspection. 海关官员让我们打开行李，进行了一番繁琐的检查。
n. 冗长的废话
 - rigamarole
adj. 冗长的
 - interminable, verbose

Word: runoff
Front: runoff
['rʌnˌɔ:f] (托 7580/27868)
Vocabulary: runoff
(once / 5529 pages)
1n 2n
A runoff is an additional election that resolves an inconclusive one. If there’s a tie for class president, the candidates will need a runoff election to see who gets the job. A runoff is also an overflow of water.
The physical type of runoff (also run-off) involves water or other liquids running off of something by overflowing and possibly flooding an area. If it rains and rains, the runoff from the soil could flow into a nearby pond. On the other hand, a runoff election means an initial vote did not result in a winner because it was tied or too close to call. A runoff election settles the matter, providing a final decision.
WORD FAMILY
runoff: runoffs
USAGE EXAMPLES
Brewer ran for a full term as governor in 1970 but lost a racially charged Democratic runoff to George Wallace.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Weeks later he lost in a runoff with former Rep. Scott Talley.
Washington Times(Jan 02, 2017)
Agricultural runoff is the main cause of pollution in the oceans; vertical farms produce no runoff.
The New Yorker(Jan 01, 2017)
Back: n. 决胜投票; 附加赛; 径流
分布：径流量(64%)，流出(16%)，决赛(14%)，流放口(6%)
N-COUNT
(得分相同时的)加赛，决胜赛;(得票相同时的)决胜投票，决胜选举
A run-off is an extra vote or contest which is held in order to decide the winner of an election or competition, because no-one has yet clearly won.
例：There will be a run-off between these two candidates on December 9th...12月9日将举行这两位候选人的决胜选举。
例：He claimed the title after beating the American Sean Moran in a run-off at Bradford.他在布拉德福德的决胜赛中打败美国人肖恩·莫兰之后获得了冠军。
N-UNCOUNT
径流，溢流（指流入河流中的雨水）
Run-off is rainwater that forms a stream rather than being absorbed by the ground.
例：The sewers collected sewage and storm runoff and discharged it, untreated, into the harbour.污水和暴雨径流汇入下水道后被直接排入海港。
例：...runoff water flashing down a gully.从沟渠中奔流而下的径流
n. [水文] 径流；决赛；流走的东西
 - final match, shoot-off

Word: sainthood
Front: sainthood
[ˈseinthud] (24420/36465)
Back: n. 圣徒的地位，圣徒
分布：圣徒(79%)，圣徒的地位(21%)
n. 圣徒；圣徒地位
 - blessed guru, ss.

Word: retrovirus
Front: retrovirus
['retrəʊvaɪrəs] (35043/-)
Back: n. 逆转录酶病毒（一种致肿瘤病毒）
→改写自 retravirus,缩写自 reverse transcriptase virus.
US [-rə-] specialized
noun countable
■a type of virus that includes some cancer viruses and HIV (= the virus that causes AIDS, a serious disease that destroys the body's ability to fight infection) 逆转录酶病毒

Word: retardation
Front: retardation
[ˌri:tɑ:'deɪʃn] (13291/17316)
Vocabulary: retardation
(once / 10225 pages)
1n 2n
Retardation is often used to describe problems in human mental development that result in a lack of intelligence or other kinds of physical or learning delays.
Retardation can also indicate when something is kept from growing or developing fully. A lack of sunlight might cause retardation of your tomato plants, for example, stunting their growth. You can use retardation to describe other kinds of slowness or delays too, including simply a decrease in speed. In fact, the Latin root word, retardare, means "to make slow, delay, keep back, or hinder."
WORD FAMILY
retardation: retardations+/ retard: retardation, retarded, retarding, retards/ retarded: retardedly
USAGE EXAMPLES
Spell is said to be functionally illiterate with an IQ score of 70, which “falls into the mental retardation range,” according to Holton.
Seattle Times(Nov 29, 2016)
His lawyers said that a lower court found that Moore's IQ of 70 was "within the range of mild mental retardation."
Reuters(Nov 29, 2016)
As with humans, the infection in pregnant mice had caused microcephaly and growth retardation in their fetuses.
The New Yorker(Aug 15, 2016)
Back: n. 延迟; 留级; 制动; 光程差
分布：阻滞(61%)，智力迟钝(39%)
US [-tɑ:r-] formal
noun uncountable
■slow development, or development which is slower than it should be 迟缓；阻滞；延迟
• Severe iron deficiency can cause developmental delay and growth retardation. 严重缺铁会导致发育迟缓。
n. 阻滞；迟延；妨碍
 - intervention, prevention, violation

Word: scorer
Front: scorer
[ˈskɔ:rə(r)] (9855/9287 -2)
Back: n. （体育比赛时的）记分员; 得分或进球的运动员; 刻划痕迹的人; 算账的人，账房
分布：记录员(50%)，得分者(50%)
→score,得分，-er,人。
US ['skɔ:r.ɚ] noun countable (US usually scorekeeper)
■the person who records the score in a game 记分员
■someone who scores a point or goal in a game 得分者；进球者
n. （竞赛等的）记分员；记录员；得分者；刻划痕迹的人
 - marker, recorder

Word: schoolroom
Front: schoolroom
[ˈsku:lru:m] (24197/20869)
Back: n. 教室; （小村庄里只有一间教室的）学堂
分布：教室(100%)
n. 教室；讲堂
 - classroom, teaching room

Word: sartorial
Front: sartorial
[sɑ:ˈtɔ:riəl] (宝 24151/21146)
Vocabulary: sartorial
(once / 16765 pages)
adj
If it's the day before a big event and you have no idea what to wear and nothing in your closet is going to cut it, you are facing a sartorial dilemma — one that pertains to clothing, fashion, or dressing.
Sartorial comes from the Modern Latin word sartor which means "tailor," literally "one who patches and mends." In English the adjectives sartorial and sartorially are used to refer to any matter pertaining to the consideration of clothing or fashion. The root word sartor has also made its way into the field of biology. The sartorius — a muscle in the leg and the longest muscle in the human body — gets its name because it is used when crossing the legs, also known as the “tailor's position."
WORD FAMILY
sartorial: sartorially+/sartor: sartorial, sartors
USAGE EXAMPLES
Craig Sager, a broadcaster whose sartorial tastes mimicked his equally bold personality, died Thursday after a much-chronicled 2½-year battle with cancer.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 15, 2016)
She was lauded for her sartorial choices during his tenure as prime minister and regularly championed the British fashion industry.
BBC(Nov 30, 2016)
As with many sartorial mores, when trying to understand their current resurgence it’s best to begin by looking back.
New York Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: adj. （男子）服装的，缝纫的
分布：裁缝的(53%)，缝纫的(38%)，男式服装的(9%)
→来自拉丁语 sartor,裁缝，来自 sarcire,缝补，打补丁，来自 serk,使完整，可能来自 ser, 连接，绑，词源同 series,berserk.
【记】sartor＝tailor（n 裁缝），ial－裁缝的读：萨特rial。哲学家萨特过去的出身是裁缝。
US [sɑ:r'tɔ:r.i-] formal
adjective [before noun]
■relating to the making of clothes, usually men's clothes, or to a way of dressing 裁缝的；（通常指）男装缝制的；衣着的
• sartorial elegance 衣着高雅

Word: saleable
Front: saleable
[ˈseɪləbl] (36948/19753)
Back: adj. 适于销售的
分布：畅销的(66%)，适于销售的(23%)，=salable.(11%)
(mainly US salable) ['seɪ.lə.bl] adjective
■easy to sell or suitable for selling 易销的，有销路的；适销的
• saleable commodities 有销路的商品
• in saleable condition 适合销售
adj. 畅销的；可供出售的
 - bestselling, salable

Word: schoolyard
Front: schoolyard
[ˈsku:ljɑ:d] (16304/41777)
Back: n. 校园，运动场
分布：校园(91%)，运动场(9%)
US [-jɑ:rd] mainly US
noun countable
■an outside area next to a school where children can play games or sport when they are not studying 校园，操场
n. 校园；运动场
 - campus, playground

Word: saucepan
Front: saucepan
[ˈsɔ:spən] (7102/10447 -1)
Vocabulary: saucepan
(once / 1720 pages)
n
A saucepan is a deep stovetop pan with a long handle and, usually, a lid. You might use a saucepan to cook sauce, or for the macaroni from your box of macaroni and cheese.
Saucepans are made out of various materials, from stainless steel and aluminum to copper and enamel-coated metal. If you have a kitchen, it's pretty likely you have a saucepan. They are deep enough to boil water in, and made to be used on top of a flame or electric coil. As you might guess from the name, the first saucepans, invented in the 17th century, were intended only for making sauces.
WORD FAMILY
saucepan: saucepans
USAGE EXAMPLES
In a medium saucepan, heat 1 tablespoon oil over medium heat.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 30, 2016)
In a small saucepan, combine the vinegar, soy sauce, sugar and chile flakes and bring to a boil over high heat, stirring once or twice.
Los Angeles Times(Dec 29, 2016)
Put the vinegar and sugar in a small saucepan on a high heat.
The Guardian(Dec 24, 2016)
Back: n. 长柄而有盖子的深平底锅，炖锅
分布：长柄深锅(100%)
→来自 sauce（调味汁） + pan（锅），因为这种锅最初专门用于烹制调味料而得名。
US ['sɑ:-] noun countable
 IMPROVER
■a deep round pan with straight sides, usually with a handle and a lid, used for cooking things over heat （长柄带盖的）深平底锅，炖锅
n. 炖锅；深平底锅
 - stewpot

Word: scrapheap
Front: scrapheap
['skræphi:p] (-/42126)
Back: n. 废料堆，废物堆

Word: shaikh
Front: shaikh
[ʃaik] (-/18275)
Back: n. 酋长，村长
分布：族长(60%)，酋长(40%)

Word: sensuality
Front: sensuality
[ˌsenʃʊ'ælətɪ] (17015/15492)
Back: n. 耽于声色，好色，淫荡
分布：淫荡(57%)，纵欲(31%)，喜欢感官享受(12%)
ADJ-GRADED
喜欢感官享受的;耽于肉欲的
Someone or something that is sensual shows or suggests a great liking for physical pleasures, especially sexual pleasures.
例：He was a very sensual person...他是个登徒子。
例：Clothing doesn't need to be overt to be sensual.衣着没有必要过于性感。
ADJ-GRADED
肉欲的;愉悦感官的
Something that is sensual gives pleasure to your physical senses rather than to your mind.
例：It was an opera, very glamorous and very sensual.这场歌剧美轮美奂，声色俱佳,给感官以极大享受。
例：...sensual dance rhythms.给人以快感的舞蹈节奏
n. 好色；淫荡；喜爱感官享受
 - lechery, lasciviousness

Word: slimy
Front: slimy
[ˈslaɪmi] (托 15294/15931)
Back: adj. 似黏液的; 黏滑的; <贬>谄媚的; 虚伪的
级别：slimier, slimiest
分布：黏滑的(73%)，卑劣的(27%)
→slime,污泥，泥浆，-y,形容词后缀。
adjective
■covered in slime 黏糊糊的
• Although snakes look slimy their skin is actually dry to the touch. 尽管蛇看起来黏糊糊的，但实际上它的皮摸上去却是干的。
■disapproving
■If you describe a person or their manner as slimy, you mean that they appear to be friendly but in a way that you find unpleasant 谄媚的，讨好的
• He was the very worst sort of slimy salesman. 他是那种最令人厌恶的谄媚的推销员。
adj. 黏滑的；泥泞的；谄媚的，虚伪的
 - artificial, false

Word: skyward
Front: skyward
['skaɪwəd] (15422/34930)
Back: adv. 向上，朝向天空
adj. 向上的，朝向天空的
分布：向上的(44%)，向天空的(28%)，向天空地(14%)，向上地(14%)
US [-wɚd] (also skywards)
adverb adjective
■in the direction of the sky 向着天空（的）
• He raised his eyes slowly skyward. 他慢慢抬头向空中望去。
• figurative At the news, share prices shot skyward (= suddenly increased a lot). 消息一传出，股票价格一路暴涨。
adj. 向上的；向着天空的
 - upgrade, upward, up
adv. 向上；朝天空
 - up, upward

Word: talismanic
Front: talismanic
[ˌtælɪz'mænɪk] (40320/-)
Back: adj. 护身符的，避邪的
分布：法宝的(100%)

Word: sutra
Front: sutra
[ˈsu:trə] (30534/-)
Back: n. 佛经，经典
分布：佛经(56%)，经典(39%)，箴言集(5%)
→来自梵语 sutram,梵经，字面意思为线，绳，词源同 sew,suture.
n. 佛经（等于sutta）；箴言
 - buddhist scriptures, motto

Word: tapper
Front: tapper
['tæpə] (27951/43290)
Back: n. 轻敲者，电报键
分布：轻敲者(100%)

Word: tigerish

Word: telescopic
Front: telescopic
[ˌtelɪˈskɒpɪk] (19136/21976)
Back: adj. 伸缩的; 望远镜的; （尤指镜片）能放大远处物体的; 眼力好的
分布：可伸缩的(44%)，远视的(28%)，套筒式的(19%)，望远镜式的(9%)
ADJ
(镜头、仪器)能望远的，望远镜的
Telescopic lenses and instruments are used to make things seem larger and nearer, and are usually longer than others of the same type.
例：...a sporting rifle fitted with a telescopic sight.安装了望远镜瞄准器的猎枪
ADJ
能伸缩的;套叠式的
A telescopic object is made of cylindrical sections that fit or slide into each other, so that it can be made longer or shorter, for example to save space when it is not being used.
例：...this new lightweight telescopic ladder.这把新型的伸缩式轻便梯子
adj. [光] 望远镜的； [眼科] 远视的；套管式伸缩的；眼力好的；有先见之明的
 - provident, hyperopic

Word: toothy
Front: toothy
[ˈtu:θi] (21681/33721)
Back: adj. 露出牙齿的，多齿的
级别：toothier, toothiest
分布：露出牙齿的(100%)
adjective
■showing a lot of teeth when you smile （微笑时）露齿的
• He gave me a toothy grin. 他朝我咧嘴笑了笑。

Word: trillionth
Front: trillionth
['trɪljənθ] (35864/-)
Back: n. 第一兆，第一百万兆; 第一万亿
分布：一万亿分之一(100%)

Word: trespasser
Front: trespasser
[ˈtrespəsə(r)] (托 24874/16626)
Back: n. 侵害者，违反者，侵入者
分布：侵入者(64%)，侵犯者(36%)
→trespass,非法进入，-er,人。
n. 侵害者；侵入者；违反者
 - intruder, penetrator

Word: trier
Front: trier
[ˈtraɪə(r)] (21963/35545)
Back: n. 实验者
分布：努力工作者(38%)，试验者(23%)，审问者(17%)，试验物(11%)，检验员(11%)
→来自 try,尝试，努力，-er,人。
US [-ɚ] noun countable approving
■someone who tries hard to succeed in what they do, even if they fail 辛勤工作的人；尽力工作的人
• She's a real trier, I'll give her that. 她是个辛勤工作的人，这点我得承认。
n. 实验者
 - treves, experimenter

Word: tritium
Front: tritium
[ˈtrɪtiəm] (29184/30824)
Back: n. 氚（氢的放射性同位素）
分布：名词(100%)
→杜撰词，来自希腊语 tritos,第三，词源同 three,third.-ium,化学元素后缀。比较 deuterium.

Word: unburied
Front: unburied
['ʌn'berɪd] (35310/40714)
Back: adj. 未埋葬的
分布：未埋葬的(100%)

Word: truculence
Front: truculence
['trʌkjələns] (45648/42954)
Vocabulary: truculence
(once / 23267 pages)
n
If you get into fights all of the time, you might be accused of truculence and sent for anger management classes. Truculence is showing a fierce kind of aggression.
If your basketball team wins a game by sheer truculence, it means that they win not by skill or talent, but by playing with ferocious aggression. It would be a dirty win, one with lots of fouls and thrown elbows. Truculence comes from the Latin word for trux meaning fierce or wild.
WORD FAMILY
truculence: truculences+/truculency: truculencies/ truculent: truculence, truculency, truculenter, truculently
USAGE EXAMPLES
Her composed manner bore little resemblance to her brother’s theatrical truculence.
The New Yorker(Nov 13, 2016)
The truculence went out of the boy and a magnanimity took its place.
John Steinbeck, East of Eden(1952)
There was a general truculence about the notion that the threat of Donald Trump should compel progressives to shuffle into line behind the candidate.
The New Yorker(Jul 26, 2016)
Back: n. 野蛮; 致命性; 好斗; 刻薄
分布：凶猛(45%)，好斗(33%)，粗暴(22%)
凶猛(trucul凶猛+ence)[-ence表名词"性质,状态"]
【记】tru真的，cu哭，lence：她真的哭了，被你那凶猛的脸吓得。
【反】benevolence（n 仁爱心）；kindness（n 仁慈；善意）
n. 野蛮；好战；刻薄；致命性（等于truculency）
 - wildness, barbarism

Word: unclench
Front: unclench
['ʌn'klentʃ] (28803/37166)
Back: v. 撬开
张开
分布：松开(57%)，撬开(26%)，弄开(17%)
vi. 松开
 - disentangle
vt. 撬开
 - prize up, jimmy

Word: undiagnosed
Front: undiagnosed
['ʌnˌdaɪəg'nəʊzd] (22623/42261)
Back: adj. 未确诊的，尚未找出原因的
分布：未确诊的(54%)，尚未找出原因的(46%)

Word: undiluted
Front: undiluted
[ˌʌndaɪˈlu:tɪd] (27081/22143)
Back: adj. 未搀水，未冲淡的，纯粹的; 未稀释
分布：未稀释的(45%)，未冲淡的(44%)，未搀假的(11%)
US [-'lu:.tˌɪd] adjective
■If a liquid is undiluted it has not been mixed with water to make it less strong. 未搀水的；未稀释的
■If the truth or a fact, etc. is undiluted it is stated in a simple, clear way, without trying to disguise it or make it easier to accept. 纯粹的；毫无修饰的
adj. 未稀释的，未冲淡的；未搀水的
 - neat

Word: underwood

Word: undetermined
Front: undetermined
['ʌndɪ'tɜ:mɪnd] (20416/34068)
Back: adj. 未确定的，未解决的
分布：未确定的(62%)，待定的(27%)，缺乏判断力的(11%)
adj. 待定的；未确定的；缺乏决断力的；未解决的
 - outstanding, unascertained

Word: unerring
Front: unerring
[ʌnˈɜ:rɪŋ] (26382/32935)
Back: adj. 准确无误的; 无偏差的; 一贯正确的; 可靠的
分布：万无一失的(55%)，不犯错误的(30%)，一贯准确的(15%)
US [-'er.ɪŋ] adjective
■never failing to hit a target 万无一失的，百发百中的
■always accurate in your judgment or ability 永不犯错的；一贯正确的
• He has an unerring talent for writing catchy melodies. 他总是可以写出旋律动人的美妙乐曲。
adj. 无过失的；不犯错误的；没有打歪的
 - irreproachable, blameless

Word: uranus

Word: uninspired
Front: uninspired
[ˌʌnɪnˈspaɪəd] (23997/24286)
Back: adj. 无想像力的，无灵感的，枯燥的
分布：无灵感的(47%)，缺乏创见的(40%)，无想象力的(13%)
US [-'spaɪrd] adjective
■not exciting or interesting 不精彩的；乏善可陈的，乏味的
• an uninspired performance 乏善可陈的表演
adj. 无灵感的；缺乏创见的；平凡的
 - ordinary, stock

Word: unswerving
Front: unswerving
[ʌnˈswɜ:vɪŋ] (28686/25869)
Vocabulary: unswerving
(once / 5642 pages)
adj
Something that's unswerving follows a direct path. Because an unswerving person or thing never turns aside, the word is also commonly used to describe steadfast loyalty, like a dog's unswerving devotion to its master.
The adjective unswerving often describes loyalty. Your best friend's unswerving loyalty to you, for example, feels secure and dependable — you know she'll always be there for you. You can also use the word more literally, when you talk about something moving in a straight, unswerving line, never making a turn or detour. The verb swerve is at the root of unswerving — originally, it meant "to depart," but by the fourteenth century its meaning was "to deviate from a straight course."
WORD FAMILY
unswerving: unswervingly+/ swerve: swerved, swerves, swerving/swerving: swervings, unswerving
USAGE EXAMPLES
Unswerving adherence to free, private markets will not solve the problems faced by our education system.
New York Times(Dec 30, 2016)
Never was I more resourceful or unswerving than when I was devising ways to secure more Adderall.
New York Times(Oct 12, 2016)
Under communism the island gradually became a sort of vast company town providing schooling, health care and subsidized food, and demanding unswerving loyalty.
Seattle Times(Nov 25, 2016)
Back: adj. 坚持不懈的; 坚定不移的; 不歪的; 不偏离的
分布：坚定的(37%)，不歪的(27%)，不走歪的(18%)，不迷失的(9%)，不渝的(9%)
US [-'swɝ:-] adjective
■If someone's trust or belief is unswerving, it is always strong and never becomes weaker. （信任或信仰）坚定的，不懈的，始终如一的
• unswerving loyalty/devotion/support/faith 始终如一的忠诚／奉献／支援／信念
adj. 坚定的；始终不渝的；不歪的
 - committed, firm, confirmed, stable, decisive

Word: unlit
Front: unlit
[ˌʌnˈlɪt] (19976/20741)
Back: adj. 未点燃的，无灯光的
分布：未点燃的(71%)，不发光的(29%)
adj. 未点燃的；不发光的，无灯光的；未被照亮的
 - unfired, lightless

Word: uptown
Front: uptown
[ˌʌpˈtaʊn] (15276/39830 -1)
Back: adv. 在住宅区; 在非商业区
adj. 住宅区的
n. 住宅区; 远离商业区的市区
分布：住宅区(51%)，住宅区的(33%)，位于或向着住宅区地(16%)
→参照downtown词源。
[ˌʌp'taʊn] US
adverb adjective [before noun]
■in or towards the northern part of a city or town, especially if there is not much business or industry there 在（或往）城镇的北部（的）（尤指非商业区或非工业区）；在（或向）市郊（的）；离开市中心（的）
• We could walk uptown or we could take the train. 我们可以步行到城北，也可以坐火车去。
• I can get lunch in Chinatown for half of what it costs uptown. 我可以在唐人街吃午饭，花费只需市郊餐馆的一半。
Compare downtown
n. [建] 住宅区
 - residential area, residential block, residential section, residential lot
adj. [建] 住宅区的
 - dormitory

Word: unobtainable
Front: unobtainable
[ˌʌnəbˈteɪnəbl] (31288/19746)
Vocabulary: unobtainable
(once / 25528 pages)
adj
Whether it’s an unobtainable career in the NBA, an unobtainable friendship with the Queen of England, or an unobtainable new Japanese video game, the word unobtainable refers to something that you just can’t get.
Unobtainable can describe anything that you can’t get: big or small. The word is often applied to abstract things such as dreams or goals that are out of reach, but it can also describe people. That desirable person who doesn’t love you back? Unobtainable. It can also describe everyday items that can’t be acquired, like the hottest toy of the year that’s unobtainable because it has sold out in every store.
WORD FAMILY
obtainable: unobtainable +/ obtain: obtainable, obtained, obtaining, obtainment, obtains, obtention
USAGE EXAMPLES
Officers realised crucial evidence in the investigation was concealed on a suspect's iPhone - but it would be unobtainable if the device was locked.
BBC(Dec 02, 2016)
Girls as young as seven face "intense and unobtainable appearance pressures to be perfect", say the authors.
BBC(Oct 03, 2016)
That plan is expensive, unobtainable and ignores reality.
Washington Times(Aug 31, 2016)
Back: adj. 难获得的
分布：难获得的(63%)，无法得到的(37%)
adjective
■not able to be obtained 无法获得的 Opposite obtainable
adj. 难获得的；不能得到的
 - unreachable

Word: walkover
Front: walkover
[ˈwɔ:kəʊvə(r)] (41840/42003)
Back: n. 走过场的比赛（只有一匹马参加的比赛），轻易得胜
分布：轻易取胜(34%)，只有一匹马参加的比赛(33%)，容易完成的事(33%)
US ['wɑ:kˌoʊ.vɚ] noun countable (US also walkaway) informal
■a game or sports event that is won very easily by one side or one person 轻松取胜的比赛，一面倒的比赛
• The semi-final should be a walkover for France. 准决赛法国队应该会轻松取胜。
■the act of winning one stage of a competition without having to compete in it because the person that you should be playing against is no longer taking part （因对手退出比赛而获胜的）不战而胜

Word: virago
Front: virago
[vɪˈrɑ:gəʊ] (宝 -/36532)
Vocabulary: virago
(once / 12312 pages)
n
A virago is a loud, bossy woman, like your next door neighbor who is always yelling at kids to get off her lawn.
You can use the noun virago when you're describing a particularly mean and scolding woman. It's not a compliment to call someone a virago, although its origins are much nobler than the shrewish, screechy character it implies today. Originally, a virago was a brave or heroic woman. The root of virago is the Latin word for "man," vir. In other words, a virago used to mean a woman who seemed manly or virile.
WORD FAMILY
virago: viragoes, viragos
USAGE EXAMPLES
Virago no more: Nancy Grace, who once embodied a particular kind of television outrage culture, has become so unpopular that she’s lost her show.
Slate(Oct 13, 2016)
In 1987, Virago published Down the Road, Worlds Away, a book of stories by a little-known British Muslim woman.
The Guardian(Oct 07, 2016)
Three days after she died, Virago, the publishing house with which her name was most closely associated, sold out of her books.
The Guardian(Oct 01, 2016)
Back: n. 泼妇
分布：泼妇(48%)，悍妇(44%)，高大魁梧而有勇气的女子(8%)
→来自拉丁语virago,女英雄，女勇士，来自vir,男人，词源同virile,后词义贬义化。
泼妇(vir+ago→象男人一样的女人→悍妇)[vir=man,表示"男人"]
US [-'goʊ] (plural viragos or viragoes) old-fashioned
noun countable
■a violent, unpleasant woman who shouts a lot 泼妇；悍妇
n. 泼妇；悍妇；有男子气概的女子
 - shrew, hellcat

Word: utilitarianism
Front: utilitarianism
[ˌju:tɪlɪˈteəriənɪzəm] (30735/27683)
Vocabulary: utilitarianism
(once / 17255 pages)
n
If you believe in utilitarianism, you believe that the most valuable things are the most useful — and useful to the greatest number of people possible.
General utilitarianism focuses on the utility of things — how useful they are. If you follow utilitarianism, you're probably not going to buy the sleekest, coolest looking car, but the one that gets the best gas mileage and is the most practical. Philosophers Jeremy Bentham and James Mill came up with their own ethical spin on utilitarianism: according to them, we should always be trying to achieve the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.
WORD FAMILY
utilitarianism: utilitarianisms+/utilisation: overutilisation/utilise: utilisation, utilised, utiliser, utilises, utilising, utility / utilitarian: utilitarianism, utilitarians/ utility: utilitarian, utilities
USAGE EXAMPLES
Ball counseled activists that they could do more good for animals by adopting a fierce but dispassionate utilitarianism.
Slate(Aug 18, 2016)
Instead, many are preaching a type of utilitarianism — a distasteful offering of incense to the emperor for the sake of the greater good.
Washington Post(Jun 02, 2016)
Even the decadent trappings of Grand Master Masons made the fashions of top military brass look like an exercise in utilitarianism.
Washington Times(May 30, 2016)
Back: n. 功利主义，实利主义
分布：实利主义(100%)
US [-ter.i-] noun uncountable
■the system of thought which states that the best action or decision in a particular situation is the one which brings most advantages to the most people 实用主义；功利主义
n. 功利主义；实用主义
 - benthamism, pragmatism

Word: voguish

Word: vaudeville
Front: vaudeville
[ˈvɔ:dəvɪl] (17266/37162)
Vocabulary: vaudeville
(once / 2591 pages)
n
Vaudeville is a type of entertainment that mixes comedy and music in a variety show.
Originally, a vaudeville was a popular song satirizing current events. Eventually, it came to mean a type of variety show that mixed comedy and music. Vaudeville, or "music hall," was popular between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth. Vaudeville performers were multi-talented, because they might have to tell a joke one minute, dance the next, and then sing. The word vaudeville comes from the French phrase voix de ville, "voice of the city."
WORD FAMILY
vaudeville: vaudevilles, vaudevillian+/vaudevillian: vaudevillians
USAGE EXAMPLES
Meanwhile, Ms. Fisher and her mother soldiered on together like an old, squabbling vaudeville team.
Washington Post(Dec 27, 2016)
The Aristocrats is a documentary comedy in which 100 comedians tell variations on the same joke that’s been told by comedians since the vaudeville era.
The Guardian(Dec 18, 2016)
Critic David Hajdu traces the trajectory of American hits, from the iconoclasts of Vaudeville to the protest songs of the 1960s.
Time(Dec 12, 2016)
Back: n. 歌舞杂耍表演
分布：杂耍(81%)，轻歌舞剧(19%)
→词源有争议，通常认为来自法语voix de ville, 即village voice，原指村庄或山谷里面的娱乐表演，引申词义歌舞杂耍表演等。
【记】vaud＝laud赞美，devil（n 魔鬼），le乐：出现了魔鬼还又乐又赞美，因为是杂耍表演
US ['voʊd.vɪl] US (UK music hall)
noun uncountable
■a type of theatre entertainment in the 1800s and early 1900s which included music, dancing and jokes （19世纪至20世纪初的）综艺演出，歌舞杂耍表演
n. 杂耍；轻歌舞剧；歌舞杂耍表演
 - variety, jugglery

Word: wally
Front: wally
[ˈwɒli] (-/16813)
Back: n. 笨蛋，废物
分布：第一流的(35%)，令人喜爱的(33%)，傻瓜(16%)，大的(16%)
→可能来自人名Walter的昵称，用于俚语义傻瓜，笨蛋。比较dick,doll,willy.
US ['wɑ:.li] UK informal
noun countable
■a stupid person 笨蛋；废物
• I'll look a right wally in these shorts! 如果穿这条短裤，我看起来会像个十足的笨蛋！
adj. 好的；第一流的；巨大的，高大的；令人喜爱的
 - huge, good, tremendous, enormous, massive, fine, ok

Word: whoosh
Front: whoosh
[wʊʃ] (20960/35840)
Back: n. 飞快的移动
v. （使）飞快移动
int. （飞速行进等发出的声音）嗖，呼，咳
时态：whooshed, whooshing, whooshes
分布：嗖的一声(64%)，飞快地移动(36%)
→拟声词。
informal
noun
countable usually singular
■a soft sound made by something moving fast through the air or like that made when air is pushed out of something 嗖的一声；呼的一声
• The train sped through the station with a whoosh. 火车呼啸着飞速驶过车站。
only singular
■when you experience or receive a large amount of something in a short time 表示你在短时间内感受或收到大量的某物
• I felt a great whoosh of adrenalin. 我突然感到一阵兴奋。
[wʊʃ] informal
verb intransitive usually + adverb or preposition
■to move along quickly, making a soft sound like the wind 嗖的一声；呼的一声
• A fast motorboat whooshed by. 一艘快艇嗖地一声飞驰而过。
[wʊʃ] informal
exclamation
■used to describe something that happens very fast, with no pauses or delay 形容某事迅速地发生，没有任何停顿或延迟
• No sooner had she arrived than, whoosh, she was off again. 她才到了一会，就又倏地离开了。
vi. 飞快地移动；发出嘶嘶声
 - rocket
int. 呼；（飞速行进等发出的声音）嗖
 - woosh
n. 嘶嘶声；飞快的移动
 - fizzer

Word: wazir

Word: welshman

Word: wettest

Word: weeklong

Word: winslow

Word: woke
Front: woke
[wəʊk] None
Back: v. 醒( wake的过去式 ); 唤醒; 唤起（记忆）; 使再次感觉到
分布：动词wake的过去式形式(100%)
US [woʊk] verb past simple of
■ wake (STOP SLEEPING) 停止睡眠
v. 唤醒；激发；使…复活（wake的过去式）
 - awakened

Word: workday
Front: workday
[ˈwɜ:kdeɪ] (高 13488/42847)
Back: n. 工作日; 平日（指非假日）; （一个）工作日; 一天的工作时间
adj. 日常的; 工作日的; 平凡的; 平淡无奇的
分布：工作日(83%)，工作时间(17%)
US ['wɝ:k-] noun countable mainly US for working day
n. [劳经] 工作日
 - week day, werktag
adj. 日常的， [劳经] 工作日的；平凡的
 - daily, everyday, household, routine, ordinary

Word: worcestershire
Front: worcestershire
[ˈwustəʃiə] (-/10605)
Back: 伍斯特郡（英国英格兰原郡名）
分布：乌司特郡(100%)

Word: obtainable
Front: obtainable
[əbˈteɪnəbl] (托宝 25510/11641)
Vocabulary: obtainable
(once / 2930 pages)
adj
When something is obtainable, you can get your hands on it. Most information is easily obtainable or gettable on the internet these days. It's just a click away!
Obtainable comes from the Latin obtinere meaning to "hold, take hold of, acquire." When something is obtainable, you are able to take hold of it. On Black Friday, a good deal on a plasma TV is obtainable, you just have to be willing to wake up at the crack of dawn and stand in line to get it.
WORD FAMILY
obtainable: unobtainable +/ obtain: obtainable, obtained, obtaining, obtainment, obtains, obtention
USAGE EXAMPLES
“Everything that we set our goals for in April is obtainable. We just have to play better.”
Washington Times(Nov 08, 2016)
Referrals are also obtainable through visiting nurse associations or the American Academy of Home Care Medicine.
New York Times(Sep 23, 2016)
This approach makes solar panels obtainable for households that can’t afford to purchase them.
The Guardian(Oct 03, 2016)
Back: adj. 可获得的，可取得的
分布：能获得的(34%)，可得到的(33%)，能达到的(33%)
adjective
■able to be obtained 能得到的；可获得的
• Information on the subject is easily obtainable on the Internet. 有关这门学科的资讯从网际网路上很容易就能获取。
Opposite unobtainable
adj. 能得到的
 - getable, gettable

Word: outgun
Front: outgun
[ˌaʊtˈgʌn] (-/41680)
Back: vt. 在武器上超过; 武器多于; 火力压过
分布：在武器上超过(100%)
→out-,超过，gun,枪，武力。
[ˌaʊt'gʌn] (-nn-)
verb transitive
■to win a war or fight by having more weapons than the other side （因武器数量多而）胜过，超过，打赢
• Despite being heavily outgunned, the rebel forces seem to have held on to the south side of the city. 尽管在武器装备上明显处于劣势，叛军似乎还是牢牢控制了城市的南部。
■to beat a person or team by using greater skill 打败，战胜（某人或球队）
• Arsenal were outgunned by Norwich in Saturday's game. 在周六的比赛中，阿森纳队败给诺里奇队。

Word: ovulation
Front: ovulation
[ˌɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] (24864/27885)
Back: n. 排卵，产卵作用
分布：排卵(97%)，产卵作用(3%)
US [ˌɑ:.vju:-] noun uncountable
■when a woman or female animal produces an egg 排卵

Word: oxidant
Front: oxidant
[ˈɒksɪdənt] (35610/-)
Back: n. 氧化剂
分布：氧化剂(100%)
→来自oxide,氧化物。
n. [助剂] 氧化剂
 - oxygenant, oxidizing agents

Word: parsley
Front: parsley
[ˈpɑ:sli] (6620/10715 -2)
Back: n. [植]西芹，欧芹; 洋芫荽
分布：欧芹(74%)，荷兰芹(26%)
→来自古法语peresil,来自拉丁语petrosilium,来自希腊语petroselinon,石头芹，来自petros,石头，岩石，词源同petrology,selinon,芹菜，词源同celery.因原产于地中海沿岸多岩石的海边而得名。
US ['pɑ:r-] noun uncountable
■a herb with curly or flat leaves, used to add flavour to food and also to make it look attractive 西芹，荷兰芹（用于为食物调味或作装饰）

Word: patina
Front: patina
[ˈpætɪnə] (宝 17560/24215)
Vocabulary: patina
(once / 21451 pages)
n
If you have an old bronze sculpture with a surface that has oxidized and turned green or brown, that coating is called a patina. A patina can appear on anything made of metal.
A patina can also be the shiny surface on wooden furniture that you get after years and years of polishing. You can also use the word in a metaphorical sense, to describe somebody who has acquired some surface character that doesn't go very deep — like the tycoon who has a patina of sophistication but only pretends to be interested in art and literature.
WORD FAMILY
patina: patinae, patinas, patinise, patinize
USAGE EXAMPLES
With a wooden rolling pin worn to a perfect patina by a decade of use, Salamanca begins to flatten a portion of dough.
Washington Post(Nov 29, 2016)
Lower levels can be glimpsed through the scrapes and cracks, evoking the battered patinas of aged metals and ceramics.
Washington Post(Nov 18, 2016)
Even if, despite the patina of law, it is essentially criminal.
Slate(Nov 15, 2016)
Back: n. （青铜器上的）铜绿; 绿锈; （旧木器等表面）年久而产生的光泽; 神情
分布：铜绿(42%)，光泽(35%)，神情(23%)
→可能来自拉丁语patina,盘子，铜盘，词源同pan,patella.后用于指铜盘上的铜锈。
【记】原指盛圣餐面包的金属盘读：天津的市中心有一个大铜盘，每个人都在上面拍，祈求获得幸福－铜盘上的绿锈
【反】essential quality（本质，实质）
US ['pætˌ.ən.ə] noun
only singular
■a thin surface layer which develops on something because of use, age or chemical action （物体表面的）薄层
• His tomb was covered with a yellow patina of lichen. 他的墓地上长了一层薄薄的黄色地衣。
only singular formal
■something which makes someone or something seem to be something which they are not 假像
• Beware their patina of civility, it's only an act. 小心他们礼貌、客气的假像，那只不过是在装样子。
uncountable specialized
■a blue-green layer that forms on copper , brass or bronze （铜器表面的）铜绿，铜锈
n. [材] 铜绿；光泽；神态；圣餐盘
 - shine, verdigris

Word: peatland

Word: pecuniary
Front: pecuniary
[pɪˈkju:niəri] (宝 31520/16890)
Vocabulary: pecuniary
(once / 1151 pages)
adj
If something has to do with money, it's pecuniary. If your grandfather's antique watch has pecuniary value, it's worth money — you could sell it for cash if you weren't sentimentally attached to keeping it.
Pecuniary might seem like a peculiar word for talking about money, but it all adds up when you learn that it was the worth of the cattle, or pecū in Latin, that gave pecuniary its meaning. In Roman times, livestock served as money in making transactions. Some cultures still have economies based on cattle, but most modern societies have a pecuniary system based on, well, money.
WORD FAMILY
pecuniary: pecuniarily
USAGE EXAMPLES
If Mr. Trump doesn’t liquidate, he will be accused of a pecuniary motive any time he takes a policy position.
Wall Street Journal(Nov 18, 2016)
And it states: "Trusts must publish on their websites relevant business and pecuniary interests of members, trustees, local governors and accounting officers."
BBC(Nov 17, 2016)
In this case, Mr. Salman’s lawyers noted, there was no pecuniary gain.
New York Times(Oct 05, 2016)
Back: adj. 金钱的，金钱上的
分布：金钱的(52%)，金钱上的(48%)
→来自拉丁语pecunia,钱财，财产，来自pecus,家畜，牛，羊，来自peku,牛，羊，家畜，牲口，来自pek,拔，拔羊毛，梳理，整理，词源同fair,fight.其词义由拔羊毛的动作引申词义羊，后引申词义家畜，牛，在古代社会，牛，羊等家畜是衡量一个家庭财富的手段，因此，引申词义动产，财产，钱财等。词义演变比较furrow,farrow,pork.
US [-ni.er-] formal
adjective
■relating to money 钱的；金钱上的
• pecuniary interest/loss/benefit 金钱方面的利益／损失／好处
• a pecuniary matter 涉及金钱的事
adj. 金钱的； [经管] 应罚款的
 - amerciable, nummary